hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
United States v. Lay
In United States v. Lay, 583 F.3d 436 (6th Cir. 2009), the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals evaluated the addition of two Sentencing Guideline enhancements to Lay's sentencing in the lower district Court. These enhancements regarded the influencing of a minor to engage in prohibited sexual conduct and the use of a computer to persuade, induce, entice, coerce, or facilitate the travel of a minor to engage in prohibited sexual conduct. Following Lay's appeal, the Court of Appeals upheld the addition of these enhancements, affirming the lower district Court’s sentencing.

This case is noteworthy because its mixed opinion, regarding the applicability of the two-point enhancement under U.S.S.G. § 2G1.3(b)(3)(A), paved the way for future cases to argue that the lack of Internet connectivity is sufficient in dismissing similar computer related enhancements.

United States v. Kramer
United States v. Neil Scott Kramer, 631 F.3d 900 (8th Cir. 2011), is a court case where a Motorola RAZR cellphone was used to coerce a minor into engaging in sex with an adult. Central to the case was whether a cellphone constituted a computer device. Under United States law, specifically U.S.S.G.§ 2G1.3(b)(3), the use of computers to persuade minors for illicit ends carriers extra legal ramifications. The opinion written by the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit begins by citing Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak's musing that "Everything has a computer in it nowadays." Ultimately, the court found that a cell phone can be considered a computer if "the phone perform[s] arithmetic, logical, and storage functions," paving the way for harsher consequences for criminals engaging with minors over cellphones.
Racha
Racha (also Račha, Georgian: რაჭა [ˈɾät͡ʃ'ä], Račʼa) is a highland area in western Georgia, located in the upper Rioni river valley and hemmed in by the Greater Caucasus mountains. Under Georgia's current subdivision, Racha is included in the Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti region (mkhare) as the municipalities of Oni and Ambrolauri. Native inhabitants of Racha are called Rachians, an ethnographic group of Georgians.

Racha occupies 2,854 km2 in the north-eastern corner of western Georgia. Spurs of the Greater Caucasus crest separates Racha from the Georgian historical regions of Svaneti and Lechkhumi on the north-west and from Imereti on the south, while the main Caucasus ridge forms a boundary with Russia’s North Ossetia. On the east, Racha is bordered by breakaway South Ossetia, officially part of Georgia's Shida Kartli region.

Ambrolauri
Ambrolauri (Georgian: ამბროლაური [ˈämbɾo̞ɫäuɾi]) is a city in Georgia, located in the northwestern part of the country, on both banks of the Rioni river, at an elevation of 550 m above sea level. The city serves as the seat of the Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti regional administration and of the Ambrolauri Municipality and had a population of 2,015 in 2021. Its area is 2.8 km2. Ambrolauri was first recorded in the 17th century as a place where one of the palaces of the kings of Imereti was located. It acquired the city status in 1966.
Garton railway station
Garton railway station (SE980579) was a railway station on the Malton & Driffield Railway (MDR) in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It opened on 19 May 1853, and served the village of Garton-on-the-Wolds. It closed on 5 June 1950.

Garton was the least important station on the MDR, handling fewer passengers than any other.

Garton on the Wolds
Garton on the Wolds is a village and (as just Garton) a civil parish on the Yorkshire Wolds in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated approximately 3 miles (5 km) north-west of Driffield town centre and lies on the A166 road.
The Ran-Dells
The Ran-Dells were an American musical ensemble from Villas, New Jersey, United States. In 1963 their novelty song "Martian Hop" peaked at number 27 on the US Billboard black singles chart, number 16 on the Billboard Hot 100, and number 2 in Canada. Despite releasing two follow-ups, lack of further chart entries made them one-hit wonders.

The trio, who were first cousins, signed to producer Don Kirshner's fledgling Chairman record label. Spirt enjoyed later success as drummer with RCA recording act, the Sidekicks, and also with the Red Coats, who were signed to the Laurie label.

John Spirt died in 2003; Steven Rappaport died on July 4, 2007, in Maui, Hawaii, of a heart attack.

Martian Hop
"Martian Hop" is a song written by The Ran-Dells, and released in 1963.  It has been described as a one-hit wonder novelty song and reached #27 on the black singles chart, #16 on the Billboard Hot 100, and number 2 in Canada.  The song was later covered by artists as diverse as Rocky Sharpe and the Replays, Joanie Bartels and soul group The Newcomers.  Versions in French included comedian Henri Salvador and the group Les Champions.
Petaling Jaya
Petaling Jaya (Malaysian pronunciation: [pətaliŋ d͡ʒaja] ⓘ), colloquially referred to as "PJ", is a city in Petaling District, in the state of Selangor, Malaysia. Originally developed as a satellite township for Kuala Lumpur, the capital of Malaysia, it is part of the Greater Kuala Lumpur area. Petaling Jaya was granted city status on 20 June 2006. It has an area of approximately 97.2 square kilometres (37.5 sq mi).

Petaling Jaya is surrounded by Kuala Lumpur to the east, Sungai Buloh to the north, Shah Alam, the capital of Selangor, and Subang Jaya to the west, and Bandar Kinrara (Puchong) to the south.

Bandar Kinrara
Bandar Kinrara is a township in Puchong, Selangor, Malaysia. The Ayer Hitam Forest Reserve is situated to its south. Island & Peninsular Berhad commenced the township development under Perumahan Kinrara Berhad in 1991. The only link road to the development then was via Jalan Puchong before entering Kinrara Army Camp road. Bandar Kinrara 1 (BK 1) was constructed for low-cost terrace houses before Bandar Kinrara 2 (BK 2) double storey terraces begun construction. The construction of Bukit Jalil Highway (Federal route 217) helped Bandar Kinrara to expand the development phase on both side of the highway. An underpass linked both sides of the development.
Chicago Slaughter
The Chicago Slaughter were an American professional football team based in Hoffman Estates, Illinois. Having been inactive since 2013, the franchise was a part of the CIFL from 2007 to 2009, winning the championship in 2009. The Slaughter joined the Indoor Football League at the start of the 2010 season. The Slaughter played their home games at the Sears Centre in Hoffman Estates.

Jarrett Payton
Jarrett Walter Payton (born December 26, 1980) is an American former professional football running back. He is the son of Walter Payton. Payton was previously signed as an undrafted free agent by the National Football League (NFL)'s Tennessee Titans. Payton also played for the Amsterdam Admirals, Montreal Alouettes and Toronto Argonauts. Payton hosts his own internet radio show named the Jarrett Payton Show on ChicagolandSportsRadio.com. He also holds anchor positions for WGN-TV.
Metallomics (journal)
Metallomics is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the growing research field of metallomics. The journal's scope is aimed at "elucidating the identification, distribution, dynamics, role and impact of metals and metalloids in biological systems". It is published by the Royal Society of Chemistry. The executive editor is Jeanne Andres, while the current chair of the editorial board is David Giedroc at Indiana University Bloomington.

Metallome
In biochemistry, the metallome is the distribution of metal ions in a cellular compartment. The term was coined in analogy with proteome, as metallomics is  the study of metallome: the  "comprehensive analysis of the entirety of metal and metalloid species within a cell or tissue type". Therefore, metallomics can be considered a branch of metabolomics, even though the metals are not typically considered as metabolites.

An alternative definition of "metallomes" as metalloproteins or any other metal-containing biomolecules, and "metallomics" is a study of such biomolecules.
Weather of 2022
The following is a list of weather events that occurred on Earth in the year 2022.  The year began with a La Niña. There were several natural disasters around the world from various types of weather, including blizzards, cold waves, droughts, heat waves, wildfires, floods, tornadoes, and tropical cyclones. The deadliest weather event of the year were the European heat waves, which killed over 26,000 people, 11,000 of which were in France. The costliest weather event of the year was Hurricane Ian, which caused at least $112 billion in damages in Florida and Cuba. Another significant weather event was the Pakistan floods, which killed 1,739 people and a total of $14.9 billion in damages.

Cyclone Cody
Severe Tropical Cyclone Cody was a strong tropical cyclone in the South Pacific which caused widespread damage in Fiji. The second tropical cyclone and first severe tropical cyclone of the 2021–22 South Pacific cyclone season, Cody was first noted by the Fiji Meteorological Service (FMS) on 5 January as Tropical Disturbance 03F. The tropical depression killed one person, and over 4,500 people were evacuated. On 10 January, the system was upgraded to a Category 1 tropical cyclone by the FMS, receiving the name Cody. While the FMS recorded a peak intensity of 130 km/h (80 mph), the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) only recorded a peak intensity of 95 km/h (60 mph). Cody was the first tropical cyclone in 2022.
The Two Sergeants (1936 film)
The Two Sergeants (Italian: I due sergenti) is a 1936 Italian historical drama film directed by Enrico Guazzoni and starring Evi Maltagliati, Gino Cervi and Mino Doro. It was based on the play The Two Sergeants by Theodore d'Aubigny, which has been made into films several times. It is set in the Napoleonic Wars. The film marked the debut of Alida Valli who had until recently been a student of the Centro sperimentale di cinematografia. Valli went on to be a leading star of Italian cinema.

The film was shot at the Pisorno Studios in Tirrenia and on location in Tuscany. The sets were designed by Virgilio Marchi, a noted architect who worked for many years in the film industry.

Virgilio Marchi
Virgilio Marchi (21 January 1895 – 30 April 1960) was an Italian architect and art director. He designed the sets for more than fifty films during his career. Marchi was stylistically identified with the Futurist movement.
Nappstraum Tunnel
The Nappstraum Tunnel (Norwegian: Nappstraumtunnelen) is an undersea road tunnel in Nordland county, Norway.  The 1,776-metre (5,827 ft) long tunnel is located on the European route E10 highway, connecting the islands of Flakstadøya (in Flakstad Municipality) and Vestvågøya (in Vestvågøy Municipality). The village of Napp lies just south of the west entrance to the tunnel.  The tunnel opened on 11 July 1990 to replace an old ferry connection that ran between the two islands.  The tunnel reaches a depth of 63 metres (207 ft) below sea level and the maximum road grade of the tunnel is 8%.  The tunnel had a toll on it until 2003 when the debt for the tunnel was paid off.

Vestvågøy Municipality
Vestvågøy is a municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is part of the traditional district of Lofoten. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Leknes. Some of the villages in the municipality include Ballstad, Borg, Bøstad, Gravdal, Knutstad, Stamsund, Tangstad, and Valberg. With over 11,600 inhabitants, Vestvågøy is the most populous municipality in all of the Lofoten and Vesterålen regions in Nordland county.

The Lofotr museum in Borg shows a reconstructed Iron Age Viking chieftain's residence, with a house measuring 80 metres (262 ft), built of stone and turf.

The 424-square-kilometre (164 sq mi) municipality is the 231st largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Vestvågøy Municipality is the 99th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 11,619. The municipality's population density is 27.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (71/sq mi) and its population has increased by 5.7% over the previous 10-year period.
The One in the Middle
The One in the Middle is an EP by Manfred Mann, released in 1965. The EP is a 7-inch vinyl record and released in mono with the catalogue number His Master's Voice 7EG 8908. The record was the number-one EP in the UK for nine weeks during the summer of 1965. The cover picture was taken by Nicholas Wright.

Manfred Mann
Manfred Mann were an English-based rock band formed in London in 1962. They were named after their keyboardist Manfred Mann. The group had two lead vocalists: Paul Jones from 1962 to 1966 and Mike d'Abo from 1966 to 1969. Other members of various group line-ups were Mike Hugg, Mike Vickers, Dave Richmond, Tom McGuinness, Jack Bruce and Klaus Voormann.

Prominent in the Swinging London scene of the 1960s, the group regularly appeared in the UK Singles Chart. Their breakthrough hit "5-4-3-2-1" (1964) was the theme tune for the ITV pop music show Ready Steady Go!. The band achieved a UK and US No. 1 hit with "Do Wah Diddy Diddy" (1964) and two further UK No. 1 singles, "Pretty Flamingo" (1966) and "Mighty Quinn" (1968).
The Dead Horse EP
The Dead Horse EP is a remix EP by Junior Boys containing remixes of tracks from their 2006 album So This Is Goodbye. It was released on April 10, 2007, and includes remixes by Hot Chip, Tensnake, Carl Craig, Kode9 and Marsen Jules.

Junior Boys
Junior Boys are a Canadian electronic pop group, founded in 1999 in Hamilton, Ontario, by Jeremy Greenspan and Johnny Dark. Dark left the project shortly after, and was replaced by engineer Matt Didemus. The duo initially gained critical praise for their 2003 single "Birthday" and 2004 debut album Last Exit. Their work incorporates disparate influences from 1980s synthpop, UK garage, techno, and R&B.
Baflo
Baflo (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbɑfloː]; Gronings: Bavvelt [ˈbaʋl̩t]) is a village in the municipality of Het Hogeland, Netherlands.

Famous people born in Baflo include humanist Rodolphus Agricola (1443/1444–1485) and jurist Gezina van der Molen  (1892–1972).

Until 1990, Baflo was a separate municipality. Baflo has a railway station.

Gezina van der Molen
Gezina  Hermina Johanna van der Molen (Baflo, 20 January 1892 - Aerdenhout, 9 October 1978) was a Dutch legal scholar and resistance fighter during the Second World War. From 1924 to 1929, she studied law at the Free University of Amsterdam — the first female student to do so — and was also the first woman to obtain a doctoral degree from there. She dealt with numerous issues: the rights of women, apartheid in South Africa, the United Nations, the South Moluccas and New Guinea.
New Hampshire Route 123
New Hampshire Route 123 (abbreviated NH 123) is a 63.055-mile-long (101.477 km) secondary north–south state highway in southwestern New Hampshire. The southern terminus of the route is at the Massachusetts state line in Mason where, as Mason Road, the road continues as an unnumbered local road in the town of Townsend. The northern terminus, as signed, is at the Connecticut River, where the highway continues west for 0.313 miles (0.504 km) to U.S. Route 5 in Westminster, Vermont, as Vermont Route 123 (VT 123). Route logs, however, place the terminus at New Hampshire Route 12 in Walpole.

In Walpole, NH 123 runs in a wrong-way concurrency with NH 12 north–south alongside the Connecticut River, the water body that represents the border between New Hampshire and Vermont. For the entire length of the NH 12/NH 123 concurrency, NH 123 South is, in reality, heading north on the compass while NH 123 North is traveling to the south.

Walpole, New Hampshire
Walpole is a town in Cheshire County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 3,633 at the 2020 census.

The town's central village, where 573 people resided at the 2020 census, is defined as the Walpole census-designated place (CDP) and is east of New Hampshire Route 12. The town also includes the villages of North Walpole and Drewsville.
2014–15 DFB-Pokal Frauen
The DFB-Pokal 2014–15 was the 35th season of the cup competition, Germany's second-most important title in women's football.

VfL Wolfsburg won their second title after beating 1. FFC Turbine Potsdam 3–0 in the final.

VfL Wolfsburg (women)
Verein für Leibesübungen Wolfsburg e. V., commonly known as VfL Wolfsburg, is a German professional women's football club based in Wolfsburg, Lower Saxony. The club is currently playing in the top division of Germany the Bundesliga. The club won the UEFA Women's Champions League in 2013 and 2014.
Hammersmith Odeon, London '75
Hammersmith Odeon, London '75 is a concert video and the fourth live album by Bruce Springsteen and the E Street Band, released in 2006. It is a full-length recording of their performance on November 18, 1975, at the Hammersmith Odeon in London, a gig promoted by John Curd, during their Born to Run tours. It was first released as a DVD on November 14, 2005, as part of the Born to Run 30th Anniversary Edition package, and then several months later on February 28, 2006, released as an audio CD. The album was reissued on vinyl for the first time for Record Store Day on April 22, 2017.

Hammersmith Apollo
The Hammersmith Apollo, called the Eventim Apollo for sponsorship reasons, previously and still commonly known as the Hammersmith Odeon, is a live entertainment performance venue opened in 1932 as a cinema named the Gaumont Palace. Located in Hammersmith, London, it is an art deco Grade II* listed building.
WAAI
WAAI (100.9 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a classic country music format. Its tower is in Hurlock, Maryland, but broadcasts emanate from its studios in Cambridge, Maryland.  It is owned by the Draper Holdings Business Trust, as part of a cluster with CBS/Fox affiliate WBOC-TV (channel 16), NBC affiliate WRDE-LD (channel 31), Telemundo affiliate WBOC-LD (channel 42), and sister radio stations WCEM-FM, WBOC-FM, and WTDK.

WBOC-FM
WBOC-FM (102.5 MHz) is a radio station that broadcasts a Top 40/CHR format. Licensed to Princess Anne, Maryland, United States, the station is owned by the Draper Holdings Business Trust, as part of a cluster with CBS/Fox affiliate WBOC-TV (channel 16), NBC affiliate WRDE-LD (channel 31), Telemundo affiliate WBOC-LD (channel 42), and sister radio stations WCEM-FM, WTDK, WAAI, WRDE-FM, WCEI-FM, and WINX-FM.
Hands of Destiny (1954 film)
Hands of Destiny is a 1954 British second feature ('B') drama-documentary film directed by Tony Young and starring Josef Ranald, Terence Alexander and Hilda Fenemore. It was written by Ranald, produced by Grosvenor Films and distributed by Adelphi Films.

The film should not be confused with the 1941 American short film Hands of Destiny, also featuring Ranald, nor the 1954 Korean film The Hand of Destiny.

Tony Young (director)
Tony Young (1917–1966), sometimes credited as Anthony Young, was a British film director and television producer. His films include Penny Points to Paradise (1951) (the feature film debut of the stars of The Goon Show, Spike Milligan, Harry Secombe and Peter Sellers), The Eternal Question (1956), and The Runaway (1963).

Young also produced The Telegoons (1963–1964) for BBC Television.
Bianka Buša
Bianka Buša (Serbian Cyrillic: Бианка Буша; born 25 July 1994) is a Serbian volleyball player, playing as wing spiker. She had played for ŽOK Vizura Belgrade before continuing an international career in Italy in 2015, with a brief stint in Romanian CSM Târgoviște. From 2017 to 2019 she joined Polish club KPS Chemik Police. She joined Alba Blaj in the start of season 2019–2020.

With the Serbia women's national volleyball team, she competed at the 2015 Women's European Volleyball Championship, winning bronze, 2017 Women's European Volleyball Championship, winning gold, the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio, winning silver, 2018 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, winning gold., 2019 Women's European Volleyball Championship, winning gold and 2022 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship, winning gold.

Serbia women's national volleyball team
The Serbia women's national volleyball team is governed by the Volleyball Federation of Serbia and takes part in international volleyball competitions.

FIVB considers Serbia the inheritor of the records of SFR Yugoslavia (1948–1992) and Serbia and Montenegro (1992–2006). The Olympic Committee of Serbia declared the women's national volleyball squad Team of The Year thirteen times from 2006 to 2023.

Serbia earned a silver medal at the 2016 summer Olympics, a bronze medal at the 2020 summer Olympics, and won back to back the FIVB World Championship in 2018 and 2022.
More Betterness!
More Betterness! is the fifth studio album by punk rock band No Use for a Name, released in 1999.

"Fairytale of New York" is a cover of The Pogues' original, which features guest vocals from Cinder Block of the band Tilt.

No Use for a Name
No Use for a Name (sometimes abbreviated NUFAN or No Use) was an American punk rock band from Sunnyvale, California, formed in 1986 by Chris Dodge (guitar), Steve Papoutsis (bass) and Rory Koff (drums). The band's sound evolved considerably through its career, starting off as a Bay Area-influenced punk band, moving on to a much heavier metallic-tinted sound to finally taking on a much lighter brand of melodic punk as the years passed. Following Tony Sly's death on July 31, 2012, the remaining members chose to disband the group out of respect for him.
1996 Campeonato Carioca
The 1996 edition of the Campeonato Carioca kicked off on March 10, 1996, and ended on June 30, 1996. It is the official tournament organized by FFERJ (Federação de Futebol do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, or Rio de Janeiro State Football Federation. Only clubs based in the Rio de Janeiro State are allowed to play. Twelve teams contested this edition. Flamengo won the title for the 24th time. no teams were relegated.

Campeonato Carioca
The Campeonato Estadual do Rio de Janeiro (English: Rio de Janeiro State Championship), most known as Campeonato Carioca and commonly as the Cariocão, is the top-flight professional state football league in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. It is run by the Rio de Janeiro State Football Federation (FERJ).

The first season of the Campeonato Carioca was played in 1906. Rivalries amongst four of the most prestigious Brazilian teams (Botafogo, Flamengo, Fluminense and Vasco da Gama) have marked the history of the competition. Flamengo leads the title count with 39, followed by Fluminense (33), Vasco da Gama (24), Botafogo (21), America (7), Bangu (2), São Cristóvão and Paissandu (1 each).
Boira Mteki
Boira Mteki (1946–1999), was a Zimbabwean sculptor and educator.

A native of Harare, Mteki was among the founder members of Frank McEwen's Workshop School, and was among the first of its sculptors to use the harder native stones, such as serpentinite, granite, limestone, and springstone, which were then available.  His works are currently in the collections of the National Gallery of Zimbabwe and the Chapungu Sculpture Park.

Chapungu Sculpture Park
The Chapungu Sculpture Park is a sculpture garden in Msasa, Harare, Zimbabwe, which displays the work of Zimbabwean stone sculptors. Spanning over 15 acres of landscaped gardens, the park is dedicated to showcasing the heritage of African stone sculpture.
Chods
The Chods (Czech: Chodové) are an ethnic group who used to live in western Bohemia. They lived in an arc of villages near the western border of what is today the Czech Republic, including major population centres in Domažlice, Tachov and Přimda (together called the Chod region, Czech: Chodsko, German: Chodenland).

Domažlice
Domažlice ([ˈdomaʒlɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Taus) is a town in the Plzeň Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 11,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.