hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Preamble
A preamble (from Latin  preambulum 'preliminary, preface') is an introductory and expressionary statement in a document that explains the document's purpose and underlying philosophy.  When applied to the opening paragraphs of a statute, it may recite historical facts pertinent to the subject of the statute.  It is distinct from the long title or enacting formula of a law.

In the American context of parliamentary procedure, according to Robert's Rules of Order, a preamble consists of "Whereas" clauses that are placed before the resolving clauses in a resolution (formal written motion). However, preambles are not required to be placed in resolutions. According to Robert's Rules of Order, including such background information may not be helpful in passing the resolution.

Resolution (law)
In law, a resolution is a motion, often in writing, which has been adopted by a deliberative body (such as a corporations' board and or the house of a legislature). An alternate term for a resolution is a resolve.
Harbin Engineering University
Harbin Engineering University (HRBEU; 哈尔滨工程大学) is a public science and engineering university in Harbin, Heilongjiang, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education, and co-funded by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Education, the Heilongjiang Provincial People's Government, the Harbin Municipal People's Government, and the People's Liberation Army Navy. The university is part of the Double First-Class Construction and Project 211.

The university was established in 1970 based on the Department of Naval Engineering of the then Chinese People's Liberation Army Military Engineering College. It received the national accreditation to confer master's degrees and doctorates in 1981. The university now offers more than 150 degree programs, among them 48 are conducted in English.

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT) is the sixth-ranked executive department of the State Council of the People's Republic of China. It is responsible for regulation and development of the postal service, Internet, wireless, broadcasting, communications, production of electronic and information goods, software industry and the promotion of the national knowledge economy.
Goms, Valais
Goms is a municipality in the district of Goms in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2017, the former municipalities of Niederwald, Blitzingen, Grafschaft, Münster-Geschinen and Reckingen-Gluringen merged into the new municipality of Goms.

Goms District
Goms (French: District de Conches) is a district of the canton of Valais in Switzerland. It covers a larger area than its geographical counterpart, the geographical region of Goms, namely the upper most part of the Rhône valley between its source and Brig. It has a population of 4,377 (as of 31 December 2020).
Perth Town Hall
The Perth Town Hall, situated on the corner of Hay and Barrack streets in Perth, Western Australia, is the only town hall built by convicts in Australia. Upon completion it was the tallest structure in Perth.

Barrack Street
Barrack Street is one of two major cross-streets in the Perth central business district, Western Australia. Together with St Georges Terrace, Wellington Street and William Street it defines the boundary of the main shopping precinct of the central city.
Rest in Pieces (film)
Rest in Pieces (Spanish: Descanse en piezas) is a 1987 horror film directed by  José Ramón Larraz and starring Scott Thompson Baker, Lorin Jean Vail, and Dorothy Malone. Its plot follows a young wife and her husband who inherit her wealthy aunt's mansion, only to find the home harbors dark secrets.

Scott Thompson Baker
Scott Thompson Baker (born September 15, 1960) is an American television actor. He is known for playing the roles of Colton Shore on the ABC Daytime soap opera General Hospital (1988 to 1991), Craig Lawson on the ABC Daytime soap opera All My Children (1991 to 1992) and Connor Davis on the CBS Daytime soap opera The Bold and the Beautiful (1993 to 1998, 2000, 2002, 2005). He also had a recurring role as Brian Alexander on The WB series Savannah (1996).
Maxime Le Guil
Maxime Le Guil is a French recording engineer, mixer and record producer.

He has produced, mixed or engineered records for Morrissey, Hans Zimmer, Melody Gardot, SoKo, Justice, Melody's Echos Chamber, Camille, Christine And The Queens, Hyphen Hyphen, CocoRosie, Gregory Porter, Lianne La Havas, Vanessa Paradis, Christophe, JoeyStarr, Jean Louis Murat and many others.

In 2009, Le Guil and Victor Levy-Lasne founded Mix With The Masters, an educational resource that teaches audio production and mix engineering classes.

He is the son of Hervé le Guil, who owns the recording studio La Fabrique Studios in Saint-Rémy-de-Provence, France.

In 2016, he was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical for his work on Currency of Man by Melody Gardot.

Currency of Man
Currency of Man is the fourth studio album by American singer and songwriter Melody Gardot. It was released on June 1, 2015, by Decca Records and produced by Larry Klein. In 2016, the album was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical.
Fitzwilly
Fitzwilly is a 1967 American romantic comedy film directed by Delbert Mann, based on Poyntz Tyler's 1960 novel A Garden of Cucumbers (the title refers to Isaiah 1:8) and adapted for the screen by Isobel Lennart. Its title refers to the nickname of its protagonist, Claude Fitzwilliam, an unusually intelligent and highly educated mastermind of a butler played by Dick Van Dyke, who commits robberies to maintain the luxurious lifestyle of his employer. The film co-stars Barbara Feldon in her first feature-film role.

Delbert Mann
Delbert Martin Mann Jr. (January 30, 1920 – November 11, 2007) was an American television and film director. He won the Academy Award for Best Director for the film Marty (1955), adapted from a 1953 teleplay which he had also directed. From 1967 to 1971, he was president of the Directors Guild of America. In 2002, he received the DGA's honorary life member award. Mann was credited to have "helped bring TV techniques to the film world."
Hartford (village), Vermont
Hartford is one of five unincorporated villages in the town of Hartford, Windsor County, Vermont, United States. For the 2020 census it was listed as the Hartford Village census-designated place, with a population of 754, out of 10,686 in the entire town of Hartford.

Hartford is the birthplace of Horace Wells, the first dentist to use nitrous oxide or "laughing gas" as anesthesia.

Windsor County, Vermont
Windsor County is a county located in the U.S. state of Vermont. As of the 2020 census, the population was 57,753. The shire town (county seat) is the town of Woodstock. The county's largest municipality is the town of Hartford.
91st Air Refueling Squadron
The 91st Air Refueling Squadron is a United States Air Force unit that is part of the 6th Air Mobility Wing at MacDill Air Force Base, Florida. It operates the Boeing KC-135R Stratotanker aircraft conducting air refueling missions.

The squadron was first activated in January 1941 as the 1st Reconnaissance Squadron at Langley Field, Virginia. Following the attack on Pearl Harbor, the squadron performed antisubmarine patrols. In the spring of 1942 it was renamed the 391st Bombardment Squadron and became part of the 34th Bombardment Group, to which it had been attached since activation. The squadron moved to the western United States and trained until April 1944 when it moved to the European Theater of Operations, where it participated in combat until VE Day. It returned to the United States in the summer of 1945 and was inactivated.

301st Air Refueling Wing
The 301st Air Refueling Wing is an inactive unit of the United States Air Force being last assigned to the Strategic Air Command at Malmstrom Air Force Base, Montana, where it was inactivated on 1 June 1992.
Marie Bethell Beauclerc
Marie Bethell Beauclerc (10 October 1845 – 19 September 1897) was a pioneer in the teaching of Pitman's shorthand and typing in Birmingham, England. In 1888 she was the first woman to be appointed as a teacher in an English boys' public school, at Rugby School. The Phonetic Journal, September 1891 and the journal, Birmingham Faces And Places, September 1892, both credit her with being the first female reporter in England.

Rugby School
Rugby School is a private boarding school for pupils aged 13–18, located in the town of Rugby, Warwickshire in England.

Founded in 1567 as a free grammar school for local boys, it is one of the oldest independent schools in Britain. Up to 1667, the school remained in comparative obscurity. Its re-establishment by Thomas Arnold during his time as Headmaster, from 1828 to 1841, was seen as the forerunner of the Victorian public school. It was one of nine schools investigated by the Clarendon Commission of 1864 and later regulated as one of the seven schools included in the Public Schools Act 1868. Originally a boys' school, it became fully co-educational in 1992.

The school's alumni – or "Old Rugbeians" – include a UK prime minister, a French prime minister, several bishops, poets, scientists, writers and soldiers.

Rugby School is the birthplace of rugby football.
An Open Letter from Shah Ahmad Shafi to the Government and the Public
On February 19, 2013, Shah Ahmad Shafi, leader of Hefazat-e-Islam Bangladesh, published an open letter to the public and the government on the front page of Amar Desh. In the letter, he condemned the ongoing Shahbag protests, claiming they were tied to anti-Islamic activities. He accused the Ahmadiyya community and an anti-Islamic online group of involvement, naming individuals such as Shahriar Kabir, Muntassir Mamoon, Zafar Iqbal, Gholam Rabbani, and Ajoy Roy as responsible. Shafi called on the government to take action against these activities and urged the public to speak out against them. This letter marked Hefazat-e-Islam's entry into the political landscape, initiating the Islamist response to the Shahbag protests and leading to the development of its 13-point demand.

Muhammed Zafar Iqbal
Muhammed Zafar Iqbal (Bengali: মুহম্মদ জাফর ইকবাল; pronounced [muɦɔmmɔd dʒafor ikbal]; born 23 December 1952) is a Bangladeshi author, physicist, activist, former professor of computer science and engineering, and former head of the department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering (EEE) at Shahjalal University of Science and Technology (SUST).  He achieved his PhD from University of Washington. After working 18 years as a scientist at California Institute of Technology and Bell Communications Research, he returned to Bangladesh and joined Shahjalal University of Science and Technology as a professor of Computer Science and Engineering. He retired from his teaching profession in October 2018.
Thomas Bray
Thomas Bray (1656 or 1658 – 15 February 1730) was an English clergyman and abolitionist who helped formally establish the Church of England in Maryland, as well as the Society for the Propagation of Christian Knowledge and Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts.

Chirbury
Chirbury (/ˈtʃɜːrbʌri/) is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Chirbury with Brompton, in the Shropshire district, in west Shropshire, England. It is situated in the Vale of Montgomery, close to the Wales–England border (1.1 miles (1.8 km) at its nearest), which is to its north, west and south. The A490 and B4386 routes cross at Chirbury.

It is the largest settlement in the Chirbury with Brompton civil parish, which according to the 2001 census had a population of 914, with the resident population of Chirbury at 348. The population of the civil parish had increased to 971 at the 2011 census.
Together (The Supremes and the Temptations album)
Together, released by Motown in 1969, is the second and final duets studio album combining Diana Ross & the Supremes and the Temptations into an eight-person Motown act. Like the first duets LP, Diana Ross & the Supremes Join The Temptations, it is composed almost entirely of covers, including versions of The Band's "The Weight", Sly & the Family Stone's "Sing a Simple Song", Frankie Valli's "Can't Take My Eyes Off You" (featuring Mary Wilson leading, in preparation for Ross' departure from the Supremes) and Motown songs like "Ain't Nothing Like the Real Thing" and "Uptight (Everything's Alright)". "The Weight" was the only single in the US, and failed to make it into the American Top 40. "Why (Must We Fall in Love)", a UK exclusive single, was a Top 40 hit on the UK singles charts.

Together was released on the same day (September 23, 1969) as Puzzle People, a regular Temptations album showcasing the group's then-current psychedelic soul sound.

Why (Must We Fall in Love)
"Why (Must We Fall in Love)" is a Diana Ross & the Supremes and The Temptations song released in 1970 as the second single from the album Together. While the album's preceding single, "The Weight" was only released in the US and Canada, "Why (Must We Fall in Love)" was not released in North America, but was released as a single in the United Kingdom, peaking at 31 on the charts. The UK single hit the charts in March 1970, three months after Ross had left the Supremes.
Thomas of Mancasola
Thomas of Mancasola, or Thomas of Mancasol (fl. 1328), was a Dominican cleric in the Chagatai Khanate who became bishop of Samarkand.

Prior to his appointment Thomas had served as a cleric in Mongol-ruled Turkestan. The region, in Thomas's time ruled by Eljigidey khan, allowed local Christians significant freedom to worship, and Thomas obtained a commendation from Eljigidey for the trip to Rome that saw him granted the bishopric of Samarkand.

Thomas is known from the Mirabilia of Friar Jordanus, which describes him as bishop of "Semiscat"; this place was positively identified as Samarkand during the nineteenth century. Thomas, according to the Mirabilia, accompanied Jordanus on a journey to take the pallium, an ecclesiastical vestment, to John de Cora, the newly appointed archbishop of Sultaniyah in Persia. Thomas's bishopric, along with that of Jordanus, fell within the province of this new metropolitan.

Jordan Catala
Jordan Catala of Sévérac (fl. 1280-c. 1330 also known as Jordan de Catalunya) was an Occitanian Dominican missionary and explorer in Asia known for his Mirabilia descripta describing the marvels of the East.
Minot station (Soo Line)
Minot station, built in 1912, now houses the Old Soo Depot Transportation Museum. It is located in historic Downtown Minot, North Dakota, USA. The depot once served the Minneapolis, St. Paul and Sault Ste. Marie Railroad, which is now part of the Canadian Pacific Railway.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978 as the Soo Line Passenger Depot.

Passenger train service to the Soo Line Minot station ended on December 9, 1963, when trains 13 and 14 were discontinued from the Twin Cities to Portal, North Dakota. Mixed train service continued for some time thereafter.

Downtown Minot
Downtown Minot is the central business district of Minot, North Dakota, located south of the Souris River in the Souris Valley.  Downtown is the site of the first permanent settlement in Minot in 1886. Downtown is home to many of Minot's cultural sites of interest. It is also home to numerous galleries, stores and restaurants.  The Minot Riverwalk traverses the downtown.
MS Moby Drea
Moby Drea is a cruiseferry, currently owned by Moby Lines and operated on its Genoa to Olbia service. It was built in 1975 by Flender Werke, Lübeck, West Germany as Tor Britannia for Tor Line. Between 1991 and 2003 it sailed as Prince of Scandinavia.

Moby Lines
Moby Lines (Moby Lines S.p.A.) is an Italian shipping company that operates ferries and cruiseferries between the Italian or French mainland and the islands of Elba, Sardinia and Corsica. The company was founded in 1959 under the name Navigazione Arcipelago Maddalenino (NAVARMA for short).

In 2006 Moby Lines purchased Lloyd Sardegna. The company uses Warner Bros. Looney Tunes characters as the external livery of its ships. Notable events include the Moby Prince disaster in 1991, which resulted in the deaths of 140 people.
Terence Kelshaw
Terence Kelshaw (4 October 1936 – 5 July 2015) was an English-born American Anglican bishop.

Kelshaw studied at Oakhill Theology College, London University, where he graduated with a degree in theology in 1967. He was ordained a deacon in 1967 and a priest in September 1968. He received a Doctor of Ministry degree in 1986.

Kelshaw was the seventh bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of the Rio Grande from March 1989 to 2004. An Evangelical and theological conservative, he opposed the liberal leanings of the Episcopal Church in the United States, including its acceptance of non-celibate homosexual clergy. After retirement, he ministered as a bishop in the Anglican Church of Uganda in 2008 and subsequently in the Anglican Church in North America (a then newly-formed denomination not within the Anglican Communion) in that church's Diocese of the Southwest.

Kelshaw died on 5 July 2015, aged 78 years old.

Episcopal Diocese of the Rio Grande
The Episcopal Diocese of the Rio Grande is the Episcopal Church's diocese in New Mexico and southwest Texas, the portion of the state west of the Pecos River, including the counties of El Paso, Reeves, Culberson, Jeff Davis, Brewster, Presidio, Terrell, Hudspeth and Pecos.  The total area of the diocese is 153,394 square miles (397,290 km2). According to the 2006 parochial report, there are 57 active congregations within the diocese. The see is based in Albuquerque, New Mexico and the diocesan cathedral is the Cathedral Church of St. John.

The diocese reported 10,760 members in 2017 and 9,764 members in 2023; no membership statistics were reported in 2024 national parochial reports. Plate and pledge income for the 48 filing congregations of the diocese in 2024 was $9,262,656. Average Sunday attendance (ASA) was 2,702 persons.
Military Intelligence Corps Band
The Military Intelligence Corps Band (officially, the 62nd Army Band) was a military band maintained by the United States Army and associated with the Military Intelligence Corps. Established in 1901 as the band of the 15th Cavalry Regiment, it was inactivated in 1921, reactivated in 1942, and inactivated a final time in 2018.

Military Intelligence Corps (United States Army)
The Military Intelligence Corps is the intelligence branch of the United States Army. The primary mission of military intelligence in the U.S. Army is to provide timely, relevant, accurate, and synchronized intelligence and electronic warfare support to tactical, operational and strategic-level commanders. The Army's intelligence components produce intelligence both for Army use and for sharing across the national intelligence community.
Fort Hunter Historic District
Fort Hunter Historic District is a national historic district located at Fort Hunter, Dauphin County, Pennsylvania.  The district includes six contributing buildings, four contributing sites, and one contributing structure.   The area has seen continuous settlement since the early 1700s and once was the site of an early supply fort (Fort Hunter) and garrison.  Also in the district are the remains of a section of the Pennsylvania Canal.  Notable buildings include the separately listed Archibald McAllister House, a spring house, Everhart Covered Bridge, large frame barn (1876), corn crib, farm house, blacksmith shop, stone stable barn, Hunter's House or Old Hotel, ice house, and archaeological sites for Fort Hunter, the garrison, Hunter's Mill, and the Pennsylvania Canal.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Fort Hunter (Pennsylvania)
Fort Hunter was a military fort located in present-day Fort Hunter, Pennsylvania. It was initially a stockaded gristmill fortified by Samuel Hunter in 1755 and later enlarged and maintained by the Province of Pennsylvania during the French and Indian War. Fort Hunter was part of a defensive line of forts built in Pennsylvania during 1755 and 1756, at the start of hostilities with the French and their allied Native Americans. It was briefly used during Pontiac's War, then abandoned in 1763.
Wasn't It Good (Tina Arena song)
"Wasn't It Good" (titled "Wasn't It Good..." for the single release) is a song by Australian singer-songwriter Tina Arena from her third studio album, Don't Ask (1994). Arena co-wrote the song along with Heather Field and Robert Parde, and it was produced by David Tyson. The song peaked at number 11 in Australia and received four nominations at the ARIA Awards in 1996. Upon release as a single in September 1995 by Columbia Records, the title was rendered with an ellipsis ("Wasn't It Good...").

Arena has performed the song on most tours, including her 2004 Greatest Hits tour and 2012 Australian tour. It is track four on her 2004 Greatest Hits compilation.

1996 ARIA Music Awards
The 10th Australian Recording Industry Association Music Awards (generally known as the ARIA Music Awards or simply The ARIAs) was held on 30 September 1996 at the Sydney Convention and Exhibition Centre. Presenters distributed 28 awards with the big winner for the year was You Am I gaining six awards.

In addition to previous categories an Outstanding Achievement Award was presented to Silverchair, which acknowledged "[their] conquering world charts with the single 'Tomorrow' and the debut album album frogstomp." A Special Achievement Award was presented to Slim Dusty. The ARIA Hall of Fame inducted: Australian Crawl and Horrie Dargie. Australian Crawl's founding guitarist Brad Robinson, was unable to attend; he was hospitalised with lymphoma (diagnosed three years earlier) and died two weeks after the ceremony. It was also the final Australian performance by INXS with original frontman Michael Hutchence before his death 14 months later.
2007 Boston Borough Council election
Elections for Boston Borough Council, which covers the Borough of Boston, were held on 3 May 2007. The Boston Bypass Independents won the election in a landslide victory with 25 seats, the first party ever to take overall control of the council since the borough was formed in 1973. It was a single-issue party campaigning on getting a bypass for Boston. All the Labour and Liberal Democrat councillors lost their seats, with only five Conservatives and two Independents also elected. The turnout was  36.9%. The overall results were as follows:

Ward-by-ward results:

Boston Bypass Independents
The Boston Bypass Independents was a localist political party founded in 2006 based in Boston, Lincolnshire, England. It was renamed the Boston District Independents in 2011 and was dissolved in 2012.

The party campaigned on a wide range of issues but principally on the more vigorous promotion of a bypass for the town. The party won a majority of the seats on Boston Borough Council at the 2007 election and retained control of the council until the 2011 election, when it lost control to the Conservatives. The party was renamed the Boston District Independents (BDI) shortly after the 2011 election, and was deregistered as a political party in December 2012, with its remaining councillors becoming independents and sitting as a political group rather than a registered party.

In the 2023 Boston Borough Council election, the Boston Independents, a locally focused party unrelated to the BDI, won control of Boston Borough Council with 24 out of 30 seats.