hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chief of General Staff (Ethiopia)
The Chief of General Staff (Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ጦር ኃይሎች ጠቅላይ ሹም, romanized: Ye’ītiyop’iya t’ori ḫayilochi t’ek’ilayi shumi) Abbreviated (CGS Ethiopia) is the professional head of the Ethiopian National Defense Force.  The CDF also oversees all branches of the military Army, Air Force, and Navy. The CGF is typically linked to national defense and military strategy. The chief is responsible for the administration and the operational control of the Ethiopian military.

The current Chief of General Staff is Field marshal Birhanu Jula who was appointed by Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed on 4 November 2020 succeeding General Adem Mohammed. and the current deputy Chief of the General Staff is General Abebaw Tadese who was appointed by Prime Minister succeeding Field Marshal Birhanu Jula

Field marshal
Field marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is the most senior military rank, senior to the general officer ranks.

Promotion to the rank of field marshal in many countries historically required extraordinary military achievement by a general (a wartime victory). However, the rank has also been used as a divisional command rank and as a brigade command rank.
Keningau District
The Keningau District (Malay: Daerah Keningau) is an administrative district in the Malaysian state of Sabah, part of the Interior Division which includes the districts of Beaufort, Keningau, Kuala Penyu, Nabawan, Sipitang, Tambunan and Tenom. The capital of the district is in Keningau Town. The town comprises a majority native Dusun as well as Murut population with significant Chinese minorities.

Tenom District
The Tenom District (Malay: Daerah Tenom) is an administrative district in the Malaysian state of Sabah, part of the Interior Division which includes the districts of Beaufort, Keningau, Kuala Penyu, Nabawan, Sipitang, Tambunan and Tenom. The capital of the district is in Tenom Town. Majority of the indigenous inhabitants in Tenom is Murut along with significant minorities of Dusun and Lundayeh.
Frank Wilton Baillie
Sir Frank Wilton Baillie, KBE (August 9, 1875 – January 2, 1921) was a Canadian financier and industrialist who played a significant role in establishing the modern steel industry in Canada.

In 1903, Baillie started up a brokerage firm, Baillie Brothers and Company (later Baillie, Wood, and Croft), which operated on the Toronto Stock Exchange. His partners were Frank Porter Wood (his neighbour on Crescent Road in Toronto) and his brother James W. Baillie.

During World War I, Baillie turned his attention to the production of military aeroplanes. In 1918, he was knighted for his contributions to the war effort, becoming the first Canadian to be made a Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire.

Frank Porter Wood
Frank Porter Wood (29 June 1882 – 20 March 1955) was a Canadian businessman and philanthropist. He is best remembered for his many gifts and bequests of artworks to the Art Gallery of Ontario in Toronto.
16th Battalion (Canadian Scottish), CEF
The 16th Battalion (Canadian Scottish), CEF was a unit of the First World War Canadian Expeditionary Force.  It was organized at Valcartier on 2 September 1914 and was composed of recruits from the 91st Regiment Canadian Highlanders, the 79th Cameron Highlanders of Canada, the 72nd Regiment "Seaforth Highlanders of Canada", and the 50th Regiment "Highlanders".

Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada
The Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders of Canada is a Primary Reserve infantry regiment of the Canadian Army. It is part of the 3rd Canadian Division's 38 Canadian Brigade Group and is headquartered at the Minto Armoury in Winnipeg, Manitoba. It is the oldest highland regiment in Western Canada.
Laeti
Laeti (/ˈlɛtaɪ/), the plural form of laetus (/ˈliːtəs/), was a term used in the late Roman Empire to denote communities of barbari ("barbarians"), i.e. foreigners, or people from outside the Empire, permitted to settle on, and granted land in, imperial territory on condition that they provide recruits for the Roman military. The term laetus is of uncertain origin. It means "lucky" or "happy" in Latin, but may derive from a non-Latin word. It may derive from a Germanic word meaning "serf" or "half-free colonist". Other authorities suggest the term was of Celtic or Iranian origin.

Notitia Dignitatum
The Notitia dignitatum et administrationum omnium tam civilium quam militarium (Latin for 'List of all dignities and administrations both civil and military') is a document of the Late Roman Empire that details the administrative organization of the Western and the Eastern Roman Empire. It is unique as one of very few surviving documents of Roman government, and describes several thousand offices from the imperial court to provincial governments, diplomatic missions, and army units. It is usually considered to be accurate for the Western Roman Empire in the 420s and for the Eastern or Byzantine Empire in the 390s. However, the text itself is not dated (nor is its author named), and omissions complicate attempts to ascertain its date from its content.
Meeting Love
Meeting Love (Chinese: 遇上愛; pinyin: Yu Shang Ai), is Taiwanese Mandopop artist Rainie Yang's (Chinese: 楊丞琳) second Mandarin studio album. It was released by Sony Music Taiwan on 17 March 2006.

It was available for pre-order and two editions were released including the Meeting Love (Lovely Celebration Edition), which includes four music videos and 40 minutes of highlight footage of Rainie Yang Meeting Love Celebration Concert (楊丞琳遇上愛慶功演唱會). The album includes a duet, "甜心咒" (Sweet Curse) with label-mate Evan Yo.

Rainie Yang
Rainie Yang Cheng Lin (Chinese: 楊丞琳; born 4 June 1984) is a Taiwanese singer, actress, and television host. Yang began her career in 2000 as a member of girl group 4 in Love. After the group disbanded in 2002, she began a successful solo career with her album, My Intuition, in 2005. In addition to singing, she is known for co-hosting the variety show Guess from 2002 to 2007, and for her acting roles in TV dramas Meteor Garden (2001), Devil Beside You (2005), Why Why Love (2007), and Hi My Sweetheart (2009), for which she received the Golden Bell Award for Best Actress.
Mainframe computer
A mainframe computer, informally called a mainframe, maxicomputer, or big iron, is a computer used primarily by large organizations for critical applications like bulk data processing for tasks such as censuses, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning, and large-scale transaction processing. A mainframe computer is large but not as large as a supercomputer and has more processing power than some other classes of computers, such as minicomputers, workstations, and personal computers. Most large-scale computer-system architectures were established in the 1960s, but they continue to evolve. Mainframe computers are often used as servers.

The term mainframe was derived from the large cabinet, called a main frame, that housed the central processing unit and main memory of early computers. Later, the term mainframe was used to distinguish high-end commercial computers from less powerful machines.

IBM Parallel Sysplex
In computing, a Parallel Sysplex is a cluster of IBM mainframes acting together as a single system image with z/OS.  Used for disaster recovery, Parallel Sysplex combines data sharing and parallel computing to allow a cluster of up to 32 systems to share a workload for high performance and high availability.
Noh Hee-kyung
Noh Hee-kyung (Korean: 노희경; born March 21, 1966) is a South Korean television screenwriter and essayist. She is best known for her television dramas such as That Winter, the Wind Blows (2013), It's Okay, That's Love (2014), Dear My Friends (2016), Live (2018), and Our Blues (2022).

In 2013, Noh founded drama production house GTist with directors Kim Kyu-tae and Hong Jong-chan and former manager Lee Dong-gyu who is the CEO. In 2019, Studio Dragon, a subsidiary of CJ ENM, became the controlling shareholder of the company.

Kim Bum
Kim Sang-bum (Korean: 김상범; born July 7, 1989), known professionally as Kim Bum (alternatively Kim Beom), is a South Korean actor and singer. He is best known for his television roles as F4 member So Yi-jung in Boys Over Flowers (2009), half-blood gumiho Lee Rang in Tale of the Nine Tailed (2020), and genius student Han Joon-hwi in Law School (2021). Kim reprised his role as Lee Rang in Tale of the Nine Tailed 1938 (2023).
Quadriceps tendon
In human anatomy, the quadriceps tendon works with the quadriceps muscle to extend the leg. All four parts of the quadriceps muscle attach to the shin via the patella (knee cap), where the quadriceps tendon becomes the patellar ligament. It attaches the quadriceps to the top of the patella, which in turn is connected to the shin from its bottom by the patellar ligament. A tendon connects muscle to bone, while a ligament connects bone to bone.

Injuries are common to this tendon, with tears, either partial or complete, being the most common.  If the quadriceps tendon is completely torn, surgery will be required to regain function of the knee.  Without the quadriceps tendon, the knee cannot extend.  Often, when the tendon is completely torn, part of the kneecap bone will break off with the tendon as well.  It can rupture resulting in quadriceps tendon rupture.

It has been studied in the analysis of patellofemoral pain syndrome.

Tuberosity of the tibia
The tuberosity of the tibia, tibial tuberosity or tibial tubercle is an elevation on the proximal, anterior aspect of the tibia, just below where the anterior surfaces of the lateral and medial tibial condyles end.
Colia Clark
Colia L. Liddell Lafayette Clark (July 21, 1940 – November 4, 2022) was an American activist and politician. Clark was the Green Party's candidate for the United States Senate in New York in 2010 and 2012.

Clark was a veteran of the civil rights, black power, and pan-African movements. She was a field secretary for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee and played a key role establishing equal voting rights in Selma, Alabama. She was also an organizer with the Birmingham campaign, as well as throughout Mississippi. Her work included activism in the fields of women's rights and workers' rights, as well as activism and advocacy for homeless people and youth. She worked with the Cynthia McKinney for president campaign, with "Power to the People". Clark was a member of the Reconstruction Party (USA), and was a chair of Grandmothers for the Release of Mumia Abu-Jamal.

Green Party of New York
The Green Party of New York is the affiliate of the Green Party of the United States in the U.S. state of New York. It was founded in 1992 and is a part of the Green Party movement. The Party has had ballot access at various points in its history.
Midwest Conference
The Midwest Conference (MWC) is an intercollegiate athletic conference affiliated with  the NCAA's Division III.  Member institutions are located in the Midwestern United States in the states of Illinois, Iowa, and Wisconsin. The Midwest Conference was created in 1994 with the merger of the Midwest Collegiate Athletic Conference, which had been sponsoring men's sports since 1921, and the Midwest Athletic Conference for Women, which was formed in 1977.

St. Norbert College
St. Norbert College (SNC) is a private Norbertine liberal arts college in De Pere, Wisconsin, United States. Founded in October 1898 by Abbot Bernard Pennings, a Norbertine priest and educator, the school was named after Saint Norbert of Xanten. In 1952, the college became coeducational. As of April 2023, the school's enrollment is 2,009 students.
Alice Fulton
Alice Fulton (born 1952) is an American author of poetry, fiction, and nonfiction. Fulton is the Ann S. Bowers Professor of English Emerita at Cornell University. Her awards include the American Academy of Arts and Letters Award in Literature, National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship, Library of Congress Rebekah Johnson Bobbitt National Award, the MacArthur Fellowship, an Ingram Merrill Foundation Award, as well as a Guggenheim Fellowship.

Fine Arts Work Center
The Fine Arts Work Center is a non-profit enterprise that supports emerging visual artists and writers in Provincetown, Massachusetts. The Work Center was founded in 1968 by a group of American artists and writers to support promising individuals in the early stages of their creative careers. Each year, it offers ten writers and ten visual artists seven-month residencies, including a work area and a monthly stipend. The Center also offers a Master of Fine Arts degree in collaboration with the Massachusetts College of Art and Design, as well as seasonal programs, readings, and other events.
Great South West Walk
The Great South West Walk is a 251-kilometre (156 mi)/ 262-kilometer (163mi) walking track, established in 1981, located in South West Victoria, Australia. The track passes through the Lower Glenelg National Park, the Cobboboonee National Park, the Discovery Bay Coastal Park, the Mount Richmond National Park and the Cape Nelson State Park, and may be explored through shorter or overnight hikes, or the entire 12- to 14-day circular hike, starting and finishing in either Portland or Nelson. A short portion of the track is located with the Lower Glenelg River Conservation Park in South Australia, near Donovans.

The track is administered, maintained and promoted by The Friends of the Great South West Walk Inc., a volunteer organisation, in partnership with Parks Victoria.

Cobboboonee National Park
The Cobboboonee National Park is a national park located in the Barwon South West region of Victoria, Australia. The 18,510-hectare (45,700-acre) national park is situated approximately 360 kilometres (220 mi) west of Melbourne city centre, with access via the town of Heywood near the junctions of the Princes and Henty highways, north of Portland.

Prior to its proclamation as a national park in November 2008, the area was formerly the Cobboboonee State Forest. The Lower Glenelg National Park is located to the west of the park and the Fitzroy River arises from the swamps within the park. Part of the course of the Great South West Walk is located within the park.

The Gunditjmara people are the traditional owners of the area containing the national park.
2005–06 Edmonton Oilers season
The 2005–06 Edmonton Oilers season was the Oilers' 27th season in the NHL, and they were coming off a 36–29–12–5 record with 89 points and finishing 9th in the Western Conference in 2003–04 and missed the playoffs. In 2005–06, the Oilers qualified for the playoffs in eighth place, and put on a playoff run that brought them to the Stanley Cup Finals finishing with a loss in Game 7 to the victorious Carolina Hurricanes by a score of 3–1.
This was the first time an eighth seeded team reached the Stanley Cup Finals (which was repeated in 2012, 2017, and 2023). This was the last time the Oilers reached the Stanley Cup Finals until 2024.

2016–17 Nashville Predators season
The 2016–17 Nashville Predators season was the 19th season for the National Hockey League (NHL) franchise that was established on June 25, 1997. The Predators advanced to their first ever Conference Final with a 4–2 series win over the St. Louis Blues in the Semifinals, and then advanced to their first-ever Stanley Cup Finals after defeating the Anaheim Ducks in six games. They became the third team to make the Stanley Cup Finals from the eighth seed since the Edmonton Oilers in 2006 and the Los Angeles Kings in 2012.

It was also the first time a Tennessee-based team in an American professional sports league had made a championship round since the NFL's Tennessee Titans in 1999.
Final Verdict
Final Verdict is a 1991 TNT drama film starring Treat Williams, Olivia Burnette and Glenn Ford. It was directed by Jack Fisk.  The movie is based on the 1962 biography of the same title by Hearst journalist Adela Rogers St. Johns.  The book and the movie tell the story of her father, Los Angeles defense attorney Earl Rogers.  It has been speculated that Erle Stanley Gardner based the character Perry Mason on Rogers.  (The author is depicted under her middle name, "Nora.")

This was the last work of Hollywood legend Glenn Ford, and the last onscreen appearance of actress Dana Hill, who died in 1996 at just 32.

Earl Rogers
Earl Rogers (November 18, 1869 – February 22, 1922) was an American trial lawyer and professor. Rogers became the inspiration for Erle Stanley Gardner's fictional character Perry Mason. He was posthumously inducted into the Trial Lawyer Hall of Fame.
Stoke Poges Memorial Gardens
The Stoke Poges Memorial Gardens in Buckinghamshire, England are listed Grade I on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens. They are adjacent to the Church of St Giles in the village of Stoke Poges.

The Memorial Gardens were founded in 1935 by Sir Noel Mobbs to ensure "the maintenance in perpetuity of the peace, quietness and beauty of the ancient church and churchyard". The gardens were landscaped by Edward White and contain a number of private plots for the interment of ashes, within a larger, Grade I listed park. The ashes of the film director Alexander Korda, aviation pioneer John Moore-Brabazon, 1st Baron Brabazon of Tara and the broadcaster Kenneth Horne, among others, are interred in the garden.

Church of St Giles, Stoke Poges
St Giles' Church is an active parish church in the village of Stoke Poges, Buckinghamshire, England. A Grade I listed building, it stands in the grounds of Stoke Park, a late-Georgian mansion built by John Penn. It is famous as the apparent inspiration for Thomas Gray's poem Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard; Gray is buried in the churchyard.
National Velvet (TV series)
National Velvet is an American drama television series that originally aired from 1960 to 1962 on NBC. Based on the 1935 novel and 1944 film of the same name, the series ran for a total of fifty-eight episodes.

Arthur Space
Charles Arthur Space (October 12, 1908 – January 13, 1983) was an American film, television and stage actor. Today's audiences know him as the eccentric inventor opposite Laurel and Hardy in The Big Noise (1944), and as veterinarian Doc Weaver in 39 episodes of the CBS television series Lassie.
Madison Area Technical College
Madison Area Technical College, or simply Madison College or MATC, is a public technical college in Madison, Wisconsin, United States. It serves students in south-central Wisconsin and is part of the Wisconsin Technical College System. The college has three campuses in Madison and regional sites in Fort Atkinson, Portage, Reedsburg, and Watertown, Wisconsin. Madison College had a total enrollment of 13,281 as of fall 2023.

Reedsburg, Wisconsin
Reedsburg is a city in Sauk County, Wisconsin, United States. Its population in 2020 was 9,984. The city is located 55 miles (89 km) northwest of Madison within the Baraboo micropolitan area. The city is surrounded by the Town of Reedsburg and is situated along the Baraboo River. It is the second-largest city in Sauk County after Baraboo, with a population of 9,984 at the time of the 2020 United States census.

Prior to the arrival of non-indigenous people in the 19th century, the region was home to the Ho-Chunk people.  Reedsburg was first settled by James W. Babb in 1845. David C. Reed arrived in 1847, building a dam and being the namesake of the town. After the town was platted in 1852, growth would continue through its incorporation as a city in 1887. Historically, the area has relied on agriculture and manufacturing industries.

Reedsburg would grow significantly following World War II and again from 1990–2010.
Saignelégier
Saignelégier (French pronunciation: [sɛɲleʒje]; Frainc-Comtou: Sainneleudgie) is a municipality in the canton of Jura in Switzerland. It is the seat of the district of Franches-Montagnes.  On 1 January 2009, the formerly independent municipalities of Goumois and Les Pommerats merged into Saignelégier.

The bog and nature preserve around étang de la Gruère is located in the municipality. It is also the home of noted brewery Brasserie des Franches-Montagnes.

Canton of Jura
The Republic and Canton of Jura (officially in French: République et Canton du Jura), less formally the Canton of Jura or Canton Jura (/ˈ(d)ʒʊərə/ JOOR-ə, ZHOOR-ə; French: [ʒyʁa] ⓘ), is the newest (founded in 1979) of the 26 Swiss cantons, located in the northwestern part of Switzerland. The capital is Delémont. It shares borders with the canton of Basel-Landschaft, the canton of Bern, the canton of Neuchatel, the canton of Solothurn, and the French regions of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté and Grand Est.
Bahretal
Bahretal (German pronunciation: [ˈbaːʁətaːl], lit. 'Bahre Valley') is a municipality in the Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge district in Saxony, Germany. It is situated in the northeastern foothills of the Ore Mountains, between Bad Gottleuba-Berggießhübel and Dohna. It consists of several small villages, situated in the valleys of the rivers Bahre and Seidewitz as well as on the heights between the valleys.

The municipality is named after the small river Bahre which flows through it. Its source is located 1.5 km north of Breitenau in Bad Gottleuba-Berggießhübel at 505 m. It flows into the Seidewitz near Zuschendorf. In order to prevent flooding, a retention basin was built between Borna-Gersdorf and Friedrichswalde-Ottendorf in 1970.

Bahre
Bahre (German pronunciation: [ˈbaːʁə] ⓘ) is a river of Saxony, Germany. It is a tributary of the Elbe through the Seidewitz and the Gottleuba. Its source is in the eastern Ore Mountains. It gave its name to the municipality Bahretal.
Castleford Tigers
The Castleford Tigers are a professional rugby league club based in Castleford, West Yorkshire, England. They play their home games at Wheldon Road (currently known as the OneBore Stadium for sponsorship reasons) and compete in the Super League, the top flight of the British rugby league system.

Castleford have won the Challenge Cup on four occasions, most recently in 1986. Although the club has never won a League Championship, they have been runners up three times and won the League Leaders' Shield in 2017.

The club has rivalries with neighbours Featherstone Rovers, Leeds Rhinos and Wakefield Trinity. The club's traditional home colours are black and amber, with orange also being used in recent years.

Billy Rhodes (English rugby league)
William Rhodes (birth unknown – death unknown) was an English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1910s and 1920s, and coached in the 1920s through to the 1950s. He played at representative level for England, and at club level for Dewsbury (two spells), as a wing, and later as a prop, and coached at club level for Castleford.
Striking the colors
Striking the colors—meaning lowering the flag (the "colors") that signifies a ship's or garrison's allegiance—is a universally recognized indication of surrender, particularly for ships at sea. For a ship, surrender is dated from the time the ensign is struck.

Surrender (military)
Surrender, in military terms, is the relinquishment of control over territory, combatants, fortifications, ships or armament to another power. A surrender may be accomplished peacefully or it may be the result of defeat in battle. A sovereign state may surrender following defeat in a war, usually by signing a peace treaty or capitulation agreement. A battlefield surrender, either by individuals or when ordered by officers, normally results in those surrendering becoming prisoners of war.