hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arthur Meyer (botanist)
Arthur Meyer (1850–1922) was a German botanist, cell biologist, and pharmacognosist. Meyer is known for his pioneering work describing the structure of chloroplasts (which Meyer called "autoplasts") and other plastids. He was the first to name and describe the chlorophyll-containing structures in chloroplasts known as grana.

Meyer spent his academic career at the University of Marburg, where he was a member of the school's Marburg Circle, an interdisciplinary biological discussion group centered on Emil von Behring.

Thylakoid
Thylakoids are membrane-bound compartments inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. They are the site of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. Thylakoids consist of a thylakoid membrane surrounding a thylakoid lumen. Chloroplast thylakoids frequently form stacks of disks referred to as grana (singular: granum). Grana are connected by intergranal or stromal thylakoids, which join granum stacks together as a single functional compartment.

In thylakoid membranes, chlorophyll pigments are found in packets called quantasomes. Each quantasome contains 230 to 250 chlorophyll molecules.
Jorge Fernández Madinabeitia
Jorge Fernández Madinabeitia (born 8 August 1972 in Alicante, Spain) is a Spanish TV presenter, model, actor and basketball player from the Basque Country. He is best known for hosting La ruleta de la suerte, the Spanish version of Wheel of Fortune, since 2006.

Los Serrano
Los Serrano is a Spanish television drama comedy which premiered on 22 April 2003 and aired on Telecinco. It tells the story of the Serrano family, who lives in Round Santa Justa No 133, located in the fictional neighborhood of Santa Justa, in the Ribera del Manzanares, in Madrid. It was produced by Globomedia for Telecinco.

The series was a pioneer in introducing a new family model as well as being at the peak and suiting to new social currents. The origin of the plot focuses on coexistence and the differences between men and women in the same house.
Espen Lie Hansen
Espen Lie Hansen (born 1 March 1989) is a Norwegian handball player who last played for Drammen HK and formerly the Norwegian national team.

He competed at the 2016 European Men's Handball Championship.

In 2024, Lie Hansen participated in the celebrity game show 99 to Beat Norway, where he finished 3rd out of 56 contestants.

Norway men's national handball team
The Norway men's national handball team represents Norway at international handball competitions, and is governed by the Norges Håndballforbund (NHF). The most successful era of men's Norwegian handball team was between 2015 and 2020, led by former coach Christian Berge and star player Sander Sagosen. In that period, they won two silver medals at the World Championship and played two semifinals of the European Championship winning one bronze medal.
Mylapore
Mylapore (also spelt Mayilapur), or Thirumayilai, is a neighbourhood in the central part of the city of Chennai, India. It is one of the oldest residential parts of the city. The locality is claimed to be the birthplace of the celebrated Tamil philosopher Valluvar, and the Hindu saint and philosopher, Peyalvar. It is also believed by Christians to be the place of martyrdom of St. Thomas the Apostle, who preached along the Malabar Coast, and established the Malankara Nasrani community.

Mylapore is known for its tree-lined avenues, Kapaleeshwarar Temple, Katcheri seasons, and Ramakrishna Matha among many others. St. Thomas Cathedral Basilica, Chennai which is believed to house the tomb of Thomas the Apostle, is in Mylapore.

Madras Music Academy
Madras Music Academy is one of the earliest established music academies in South India. Before the concept of infrastructure was introduced to India in the early 1920s, it was a gathering for elite musicians simply called (and is still more commonly referred to as) Music Academy (Tamil: சங்கீத வித்வத் சபை, sangeetha vidhwadh sabai) It plays an important role in encouraging and promoting primarily the Carnatic Music Indian art form. It played a vital role in the revival of the Indian classical dance form of Bharatnatyam in the 1930s when it faced near extinction due to a negative connotation caused by conservative societal standards.

They also run a music school called the Teachers college of Carnatic Music which has many eminent musicians on its faculty. Musicians such as Tiger Varadachariar, Appa Iyer, Valadi Krishnaiyer and Mudicondan Venkatarama Iyer adorned the chair of Principal of the Teacher's College.
Dotsero, Colorado
Dotsero is an unincorporated community and a census-designated place (CDP) located in and governed by Eagle County, Colorado, United States. The CDP is a part of the Edwards, CO Micropolitan Statistical Area. The population of the Dotsero CDP was 1,172 at the United States Census 2020. The Gypsum post office (Zip Code 81637) serves the area.

Denver and Salt Lake Railway
The Denver and Salt Lake Railway (D&SL) was a U.S. railroad company located in  Colorado.  It was incorporated in 1902 as the Denver, Northwestern and Pacific (DN&P) Railway with the goal of connecting Denver, Colorado with Salt Lake City, Utah. It underwent numerous reorganizations throughout its financially troubled history and, by the time it was acquired in 1931 by the Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad (D&RGW or Rio Grande), it had advanced only as far west as Craig, Colorado. After its acquisition, it was connected to the D&RGW main. The eastern half of the line was used to give the D&RGW a more direct route to Denver; the western half became a spur line. The portions of the D&SL still in use today comprise the Moffat Tunnel Subdivision of Union Pacific Railroad's Central Corridor, and Amtrak’s California Zephyr uses a portion of the former D&SL between Denver and Bond.
ESO 510-G13
ESO 510-G13 is a spiral galaxy approximately 150 million light-years away in the constellation Hydra. The equatorial dust cloud is heavily warped; this may indicate that ESO 510-G13 has interacted with another galaxy. If this is the case, it would provide an excellent illustration of the distortion caused by interacting galaxies, discussed in the article Galaxy formation and evolution under the Spiral galaxy heading.

This galaxy was examined by the Hubble Space Telescope in 2001.

Galaxy formation and evolution
In cosmology, the study of galaxy formation and evolution is concerned with the processes that formed a heterogeneous universe from a homogeneous beginning, the formation of the first galaxies, the way galaxies change over time, and the processes that have generated the variety of structures observed in nearby galaxies. Galaxy formation is hypothesized to occur from structure formation theories, as a result of tiny quantum fluctuations in the aftermath of the Big Bang. The simplest model in general agreement with observed phenomena is the Lambda-CDM model—that is, clustering and merging allows galaxies to accumulate mass, determining both their shape and structure. Hydrodynamics simulation, which simulates both baryons and dark matter, is widely used to study galaxy formation and evolution.
New Roads, Louisiana
New Roads (historically French: Poste-de-Pointe-Coupée) is a city in and the parish seat of Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana, United States. The center of population of Louisiana was located in New Roads in 2000. The population was 4,831 at the 2010 census, down from 4,966 in 2000. In the 2020 census the population was 4,549, while at the beginning year of 2023 the census showed a population of 4,205 and expects to be under 4,000 by the years end. The city's ZIP code is 70760. It is part of the Baton Rouge Metropolitan Statistical Area.

False River (Louisiana)
False River (French: Lac False River) is an oxbow lake located in southeastern Pointe Coupee Parish, Louisiana centered at 30°38′19″N 91°29′04″W﻿ / ﻿30.63861°N 91.48444°W﻿ / 30.63861; -91.48444﻿ (False River). This lake was once the main channel of the Mississippi River in this area, but was cut off in about 1722 when seasonal flooding cut a shorter channel to the east.
Old World quail
"Old World quail" is a collective term for several unrelated genera of smaller galliform species under the tribe Coturnicini of the subfamily Phasianinae. Note that although species which are commonly referred to as "Old World quail" fall in the same tribe, they are paraphyletic with respect to the other genera of the tribe, such as Alectoris, Tetraogallus, Ammoperdix, Margaroperdix, and Pternistis. New World quail are also housed in the order Galliformes, but they are classified under a different family, Odontophoridae.

The buttonquails or hemipodes, despite their common name and similar resemblance to smaller members like the Asian blue quail (erroneously called "button quail"), are not related at all. They are presently placed in the family Turnicidae of the order Charadriiformes, in the same category as shorebirds.

The collective noun for a group of quail is flock, bevy or covey.

Pternistis
Pternistis  is a genus of galliform birds formerly classified in the spurfowl group of the partridge subfamily of the pheasant family. They are described as "partridge-francolins" in literature establishing their phylogenetic placement outside the monophyletic assemblage of true spurfowls. All species are endemic to Sub-Saharan Africa, excepted the double-spurred spurfowl (also present in Morocco). They are commonly known as spurfowls or francolins, but are closely related to jungle bush quail, Alectoris rock partridges, and Coturnix quail. The species are strictly monogamous, remaining mated indefinitely. They procure most of their food by digging. Spurfowls subsist almost entirely on roots, beans of leguminous shrubs and trees, tubers, and seeds, and feasting opportunistically on termites, ants, locusts, flowers, and fruit. Important predators are jackals, caracals, servals, and birds of prey, as well as herons and marabou storks.
Ozren (Pešter)
Ozren(Serbian Cyrillic: Озрен, pronounced [ɔ̂zrɛn]) is a mountain in southwestern Serbia, near the town of Sjenica. Its highest peak Orlovača has an elevation of 1,693 meters above sea level. It is one of the mountains which surround the Pešter plateau. Spring of the Uvac river is located at the foothills of Ozren.

Sjenica
Sjenica (Serbian Cyrillic: Сјеница, pronounced [sjɛ̌nitsa]) is a town and municipality located in the Zlatibor District of southwestern Serbia, on the vast Sjenica-Pešter plateau and geographically located in the central part of Sandžak. The population of the municipality, according to 2022 census, is 24,083, while the town has a population of 12,989.

In terms of area (1,059 km2), Sjenica is 11th largest municipality in Serbia. A multi-ethnic environment where Bosniaks, Serbs, Albanians, Montenegrins, Turks, Romani and others live in it.

According to the level of development of local self-government units for the year 2014, the municipality of Sjenica belongs to the fourth group consisting of 44 extremely underdeveloped local self-government units whose level of development is below 60% of the national average.
Stan Strickland
Stan Strickland is an American singer, saxophonist, and flutist.

Strickland was a protege of Ran Blake. He recorded in the 1970s, on releases led by Baird Hersey and Paul Gresham. He later appeared on albums led by Laszlo Gardony and Bob Moses. Strickland is an associate professor at Berklee College of Music.

Laszlo Gardony
Laszlo Gardony (born 1956) is a Hungarian-born American jazz pianist and composer. Gardony performs as a solo artist and leads his own trio, quartet and sextet. He is also a featured sideman with several other groups.
The Last of the Mohicans (1968 film)
The Last of the Mohicans (Romanian: Ultimul mohican) is a 1968 internationally co-produced Western film, co-directed by Jean Dréville, Pierre Gaspard-Huit and Sergiu Nicolaescu. It was the second episode of the European TV miniseries Leatherstocking Tales.

Sergiu Nicolaescu
Sergiu Florin Nicolaescu (Romanian: [ˈserd͡ʒju floˈrin nikolaˈesku]; 13 April 1930 – 3 January 2013) was a Romanian film director, actor and politician.

He was best known for his historical films, such as Mihai Viteazul (1970, released in English both under the equivalent title Michael the Brave and also as The Last Crusade), Dacii (1966, Les Guerriers), Războiul Independenței (1977, War of Independence), as well as for his series of thrillers that take place in the interwar Kingdom of Romania, such as Un comisar acuză (1973, A Police Inspector Calls). Joanna Pacuła starred in his film The Last Night of Love in 1980 before eventually emigrating to the United States, where she went on to a very successful career.
Courts of Maine
Courts of Maine include:

State courts of Maine

Maine Supreme Judicial Court
Maine Superior Court
Maine District Courts (13 districts) 
Maine Problem-Solving Courts

Federal courts located in Maine

United States District Court for the District of Maine

United States District Court for the District of Maine
43°39′31″N 70°15′19″W﻿ / ﻿43.658726°N 70.255238°W﻿ / 43.658726; -70.255238

The U.S. District Court for the District of Maine (in case citations, D. Me.) is the U.S. district court for the state of Maine. The District of Maine was one of the original thirteen district courts established by the Judiciary Act of 1789, even though Maine was not a separate state from Massachusetts until 1820. The court is headquartered at the Edward T. Gignoux United States Courthouse in Portland, Maine, and has a second courthouse in Bangor, Maine.

The U.S. attorney for the District of Maine represents the United States in criminal and civil litigation before the court. As of February 22, 2025, the U.S. attorney is Craig M. Wolff.

Appeals from the District of Maine are heard by the United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).
Black Star Elephant
Black Star Elephant is the second studio album by Norwegian duo Nico & Vinz and their first album under that moniker, following a name change from Envy. It was released in Australia on 16 September 2014, and on 14 October 2014 in the United States. It contains fourteen songs and 7 interludes.

The album garnered a mixed reception from critics divided by the production and the duo's socially conscious lyrics. It debuted at number one in Norway and reached the top 40 in countries like Australia, New Zealand and the United States, spawning four singles: "Am I Wrong", "In Your Arms", "When the Day Comes", and "My Melody". Following its release, "Am I Wrong" went on to become the duo's most successful hit single to date.

Nico & Vinz
Nico & Vinz are a Norwegian duo consisting of Kahouly Nicolay "Nico" Sereba from Holmlia, Oslo and Vincent "Vinz" Dery from Lambertseter, Oslo. They formed in 2010 as Envy but changed their name to Nico & Vinz by the end of 2012. They are commonly associated with their biggest hit single "Am I Wrong", which peaked at number 2 in Norway, Denmark and Sweden, number 1 in the United Kingdom and number 4 in the United States.
Burning Horizons
Burning Horizons is a 1993 EP by Scottish Celtic rock band Wolfstone.

The second track, "Battle", is one of the band's better known performances, awarding itself as the first track on Pick of the Litter, the band's 1997 "best-of" album. It is also on The Best...Scottish Album in the World...Ever!, which entered the UK compilations chart at no. 9 the same year. An earlier version of the song was on the band's album Wolfstone II.

Wolfstone
Wolfstone are a Scottish musical group founded in 1989, who play Celtic rock. Their repertoire consists of both original songs and traditional folk pieces. They have released seven studio albums, the latest, Terra Firma, in 2007. The band record on their own label, Once Bitten Records. The group are named after the "Wolfstone", a Pictish stone originally sited at Ardross, Easter Ross, close to where the band initially recorded.
Me and You (Alexia song)
"Me and You" was the first solo single by the Italian singer Alexia, released in 1995. It featured guest vocals from Double You and reached number 1 on the Italian charts. The song was initially released in Italy on CD and 12" (coded DWA 01.73), with releases in other European countries following. The German edition would be released by ZYX, the Spanish release by Blanco Y Negro and the French release by Panic, a subsidiary of Polygram. A remix 12" was later released. In 1996, the track was released in America on Popular Records.

Alexia (singer)
Alessia Aquilani (born 19 May 1967), known professionally as Alexia, is an Italian singer-songwriter. Before recording in Italian in the 2000s, she made records in English in the 1990s. Many of those were international hits. Before her solo career, she was the vocalist of Ice MC.

She has performed  at the Festivalbar nine times, and four times at the Sanremo Music Festival in which she has earned, besides several music critic awards, three second-placings, and one first-placing in 2003.
USS Eaglet
USS Eaglet (SP-909), later redesignated YP-909, was an armed motorboat that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1921.

Eaglet was built as a civilian motorboat in either 1909 or 1911 by George Lawley & Son at Neponset, Massachusetts. The U.S. Navy acquired her from her owner, F.L. Budlong of Providence, Rhode Island, on 16 June 1917 for use as a patrol boat during World War I. She was commissioned on 29 June 1917 as USS Eaglet (SP-909).

Eaglet was assigned first to the 2nd Naval District in southern New England and later to the 1st Naval District in northern New England. She was reclassified as a district patrol craft and redesignated YP-909 in 1920.

Eaglet was ordered inspected for sale in January 1921 and ordered sold on 30 March 1921. She was sold on 14 July 1921, but the transaction was cancelled. She was resold on 12 May 1922 and stricken from the Navy List the same day.

George Lawley & Son
George Lawley & Son was a shipbuilding firm operating in Massachusetts from 1866 to 1945. It began in Scituate, then moved to Boston. After founder George Lawley (1823–1915) retired in 1890, his son, grandson and great-grandson upheld the business, which continued until 1945. Of the hundreds of ships built by the Lawleys, highlights include the yachts Puritan and Mayflower, respective winners of the 1885 and 1886 America's Cup.
Balconet
Balconet or balconette is an architectural term to describe a false balcony, or railing at the outer plane of a window-opening reaching to the floor, and having, when the window is open, the appearance of a balcony. They are common in France, Portugal, Spain, and Italy. They are often referred to as Juliet balconies after the scene from Shakespeare's play Romeo and Juliet. The wall-opening appearing alongside a balconette is referred to as French window.

A prominent example of a balconette is on the Palazzo Labia in Venice.

Palazzo Labia
Palazzo Labia is a baroque palace in Venice, Italy. Built in the 17th–18th century, it is one of the last great palazzi of Venice. Little known outside of Italy, it is most notable for the remarkable frescoed ballroom painted 1746–47 by Giovanni Battista Tiepolo, with decorative works in trompe-l'œil by Gerolamo Mengozzi-Colonna.

In a city often likened to a cardboard film set, the Palazzo is unusual by having not only a formal front along the Grand Canal, but also a visible and formal facade at its rear, and decorated side as well, along the Cannaregio Canal. In Venice, such design is very rare. The palazzo was designed by the architect Andrea Cominelli (by Alessandro Tremignon according to others). The principal facade is on the Cannaregio Canal while a lesser three bayed facade faces the Grand Canal.  A later facade probably designed by Giorgio Massari is approached  from the Campo San Geremia.
And What Can We Offer You Tonight
And What Can We Offer You Tonight is a 2021 science fiction novella by Premee Mohamed, published by Neon Hemlock Press. It was the winner of the Nebula Award for Best Novella, and the World Fantasy Award for Best Novella.

The story concerns a courtesan whose investigation of the murder of one of her colleagues is complicated when the murdered woman comes back to life.

Premee Mohamed
Premee Mohamed is an Indo-Caribbean scientist and speculative fiction author based in Edmonton, Alberta. She also works as Social Media Manager and Associate Editor for Escape Pod.

Premee Mohamed received her undergraduate degree in molecular genetics in 2002, and also holds a degree in environmental science.
The World of Suzie Wong (film)
The World of Suzie Wong is a 1960 British-American romantic drama film directed by Richard Quine and starring William Holden and Nancy Kwan. The screenplay by John Patrick was adapted from the 1958 stage play by Paul Osborn, which was based on the 1957 novel of the same title by Richard Mason.

Richard Mason (novelist, born 1919)
Richard Mason (16 May 1919 – 13 October 1997), published also under the pen name Richard Lakin, was a British novelist best known for his 1957 publication The World of Suzie Wong. His novels usually concerned Britons' experiences in exotic foreign locations, especially in Asia.
2013–14 Maltese Premier League
The 2013–14 Maltese Premier League was the 99th season of the Maltese Premier League, the top-tier football league in Malta. It began on 16 August 2013 and ended on 26 April 2014. Birkirkara are the defending champions, having won their 4th title the previous season.

The Premier League consisted of two rounds. In the First Round, every team played each opponent twice, once "home" and once "away" (in actuality, the designation of home and away were purely arbitrary as most of the clubs did not have their own grounds), for a total of 22 games. The league then split into two pools. Earned points are subsequently halved. Teams that finished in the positions 1–6 competed in the "Top Six" and teams that finished in positions 7–12 played in the "Play-out".

Birkirkara F.C.
Birkirkara Football Club is a professional football club based in the town of Birkirkara, on the island of Malta. The club was formed in 1950, following the amalgamation of Birkirkara United and Birkirkara Celtic. Birkirkara currently play in the Maltese Premier League, which it has won on four occasions, most recently in the 2012–13 season.

Birkirkara is one of the founding members of the European Club Association.

The club also has a women's team.
Splitting lemma
In mathematics, and more specifically in homological algebra, the splitting lemma states that in any abelian category, the following statements are equivalent for a short exact sequence

If any of these statements holds, the sequence is called a split exact sequence, and the sequence is said to split.

In the above short exact sequence, where the sequence splits, it allows one to refine the first isomorphism theorem, which states that:

C ≅ B/ker r ≅ B/q(A) (i.e., C isomorphic to the coimage of r or cokernel of q)

to:

B = q(A) ⊕ u(C) ≅ A ⊕ C

where the first isomorphism theorem is then just the projection onto C.

It is a categorical generalization of the rank–nullity theorem (in the form V ≅ ker T ⊕ im T) in linear algebra.

Rank–nullity theorem
The rank–nullity theorem is a theorem in linear algebra, which asserts:

the number of columns of a matrix M is the sum of the rank of M and the nullity of M; and

the dimension of the domain of a linear transformation f is the sum of the rank of f (the dimension of the image of f) and the nullity of f (the dimension of the kernel of f).

It follows that for linear transformations of vector spaces of equal finite dimension, either injectivity or surjectivity implies bijectivity.