hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Daniel Garbade
Daniel Garbade (born 1957) is a Spanish painter, illustrator, art director, property master and publisher. Born in Switzerland from Swiss-Cuban origins, Garbade is the grand-nephew of Adrien Lachenal, great-grandchild of Cuban sculptor Fernando Heydrich, grandson of Theodore Garbade and cousin of sculptor Juan Esnard Heydrich.

Garbade lived in Spain from 1983 to 2011, then taking residence in his hometown Zürich, to exhibit at the Peyer Fine Art Gallery in Zürich. In 2016 he returned to Spain, living in Mascaraque, Castilla–La Mancha and gained the Spanish Citizenship in 2023.

Fernando Heydrich
Fernando Heydrich Klein (26 January 1827 – April 1, 1903) was a German businessman, politician, engineer and sculptor who lived in Matanzas, Cuba. Builder of the Aqueduct of Matanzas, he was politically engaged, playing a significant role during the Ten Years' War in Cuba.

Married to Maria-Candelaria Martínez y Valdez, he was father of American Consul Alfredo Heydrich and Emilio Heydrich; he was also an ancestor of the artists Daniel Garbade and Juan Esnard Heydrich. He died in 1903, and was laid to rest at the Necropolis San Carlos Borromeo, Matanzas.
Verkhny Zub
Verkhny Zub (Russian: Верхний Зуб, Shor: Амзас-Таскыл, romanized: Amzas-Taskıl, Khakas: Тигір тізі, romanized: Tigĕr tĕzĕ) is a peak in Kemerovo Oblast, Russia. It is the highest point of the federal subject.

The name of the mountain in the Khakas language "Тигір тізі" means "heavenly tooth". The mountain is part of the Kuznetsk Alatau State Nature Reserve, a protected area.

Kuznetsk Alatau Nature Reserve
Kuznetsk Alatau Nature Reserve (Russian: Кузнецкий Алатау заповедник) is a Russian 'zapovednik' (strict nature reserve) on the Kuznetsk Alatau, a mountain ridge in the Altai-Sayan mountain region in southwestern Siberia.  The Kuznetsk Alatau consists of several ranges of medium height, between which there are river valleys.  The reserve is in the watershed of the Tom River and the Chuly River.   It is spread over three districts of Kemerovo Oblast: Tisulsky District, Mezhdurechensky District, and Novokuznetsky District.  The reserve was established in 1989 and covers an area of 412,900 ha (1,594 sq mi).
Stephen Coulter
Stephen Coulter (21 August 1914 – 16 July 1986) was a British novelist, journalist, and, as James Mayo, the author of several spy and adventure thrillers.

His series character Charles Hood, a James Bond clone, is an art-loving British spy. Coulter was also friends with Bond creator Ian Fleming. Both men had served in Royal Navy Intelligence during World War II, became reporters, Reuters correspondents and both eventually wrote for the Sunday Times.  Coulter helped Fleming with background details in the first Bond novel, Casino Royale.

Two of his novels have been filmed, Hammerhead in 1967 and Embassy in 1972.

Coulter died on 16 July 1986, at the age of 71.

Hammerhead (film)
Hammerhead is a 1968 British Eurospy thriller film directed by David Miller and starring Vince Edwards, Judy Geeson and Diana Dors. Its plot concerns a criminal mastermind who attempts to steal NATO secrets, with an American agent hot on his trail. It is based on the 1964 novel of the same title by English novelist James Mayo, and produced by Irving Allen and written by Herbert Baker, who made the Matt Helm films for Columbia Pictures. It was filmed in London and Portugal.
1961 Cannes Film Festival
The 14th Cannes Film Festival took place from 3 to 18 May 1961. French writer Jean Giono served as jury president for the main competition.

The Palme d'Or was jointly awarded to The Long Absence by Henri Colpi and Viridiana by Luis Buñuel.

The festival also screened Shirley Clarke's debut film The Connection, due to the efforts of the French Syndicate of Cinema Critics. The success of the film caused the festival to create International Critics' Week the following year.

The festival opened with The Joy of Living by René Clément.

Yuliya Solntseva
Yuliya Ippolitovna Solntseva (Russian: Ю́лия Ипполи́товна Со́лнцева; born Yuliya Ippolitovna Peresvetova; 7 August 1901 – 28 October 1989) was a Soviet actress and film director. As an actress, she is known for starring in the silent sci-fi classic Aelita (1924). She is the first female winner of the Cannes Film Festival Award for Best Director in the 20th century and the first woman to win a directing prize at any of the major European film festivals, for the film Chronicle of Flaming Years (1961), a war drama about Soviet resistance to Nazi occupation in 1941.
Henry Swanzy
Henry Swanzy (14 June 1915 – 19 March 2004) was an Anglo-Irish radio producer in Britain's BBC General Overseas Service who is best known for his role in promoting West Indian literature particularly through the programme Caribbean Voices, where in 1946 he took over from Una Marson, the programme's first producer. Swanzy introduced unpublished writers and continued the magazine programme "with energy, critical insight and generosity". It is widely acknowledged that "his influence on the development of Caribbean literature has been tremendous".

Caribbean Voices
Caribbean Voices was a radio programme broadcast by the BBC World Service from Bush House in London, England, between 1943 and 1958. It is considered "the programme in which West Indian literary talents first found their voice, in the early 1950s." Caribbean Voices nurtured many writers who went on to wider acclaim, including Samuel Selvon, Edward Kamau Brathwaite, V. S. Naipaul, Derek Walcott, John Figueroa, Andrew Salkey, Michael Anthony, Edgar Mittelholzer, Sylvia Wynter, and others.
Ove Bjelke Holtermann
Ove Bjelke Holtermann (29 December 1852 – 5 February 1936) was a Norwegian architect.

He was a son of vicar Eiler Hagerup Holtermann (1811–1872), and a nephew of architect Peter Høier Holtermann and an uncle of major general Hans Reidar Holtermann.

He studied in Trondhjem from 1871 to 1874 and at the Polytechnical School of Hannover from 1880 to 1881 under Conrad Wilhelm Hase. In between he worked in Christiania. From 1881 he worked in Kragerø, where he mainly designed villas, and in 1890 he became an assistant of Georg Andreas Bull in Christiania. From 1900 to 1920 he was a building inspector in the Norwegian capital.

Hans Reidar Holtermann
Hans Reidar Holtermann (born 20 October 1895 in Sokndal Municipality, died 25 November 1966 in Bærum Municipality) was a Norwegian military officer. Holtermann is best known as the commander of Hegra Fortress during the Battle of Hegra Fortress in the Norwegian Campaign of 1940.

During the inter-war years Holtermann attended military college in both Norway and France.

After the war he continued his military service, among other missions commanding the Independent Norwegian Brigade Group in Germany in 1949–1950.
Drew Hancock
Drew Hancock (born July 9, 1979) is an American filmmaker and actor. He is best known for writing and directing the science fiction thriller film Companion (2025) and for co-creating the television series My Dead Ex (2018).

36th Palm Springs International Film Festival
The 36th Palm Springs International Film Festival took place from January 2 to 13, 2025, in Palm Springs, California, United States. The festival opened with Michael Gracey's biographic drama film Better Man and closed with Peter Cattaneo's comedy drama film The Penguin Lessons.
Tidewater Community College
Tidewater Community College (TCC) is a public community college in South Hampton Roads, Virginia, with campuses in Chesapeake, Norfolk, Portsmouth, Suffolk, and Virginia Beach. It is part of the Virginia Community College System and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges to award the associate degree.

Portsmouth, Virginia
Portsmouth is an independent city in southeastern Virginia, United States. It lies across the Elizabeth River from Norfolk. As of the 2020 census, the population was 97,915. It is the ninth-most populous city in Virginia and is part of the Hampton Roads metropolitan area. Due to its strategic location, the city has long been associated with the United States Armed Forces, particularly the Navy. The Norfolk Naval Shipyard is a historic and active Navy facility located in Portsmouth.
The Room Next Door
The Room Next Door (Spanish: La habitación de al lado) is a 2024 Spanish drama film written and directed by Pedro Almodóvar, in his English-language feature debut, based on the 2020 novel What Are You Going Through by Sigrid Nunez. Tilda Swinton and Julianne Moore star with John Turturro and Alessandro Nivola in supporting roles. The plot follows the relationship between two close friends (Swinton and Moore) as the former faces the prospect of ending her life due to terminal illness.

The film had its world premiere in the main competition of the 81st Venice International Film Festival on 2 September 2024, where it won the Golden Lion, a first for a Spanish film. It was released theatrically in Spain on 18 October 2024 by Warner Bros. Pictures. It won three Goyas (Best Adapted Screenplay, Best Cinematography, and Best Original Score) at the 39th Goya Awards.

Sigrid Nunez
Sigrid Nunez (born 1951) is an American author and writer who is best known for her novels. Her seventh novel, The Friend, won the 2018 National Book Award for Fiction. In 2025, Nunez was named as the recipient of a Windham-Campbell Literature Prize in the fiction category.
Van–Cove High School
Van–Cove High School was a comprehensive public high school located in Cove, Arkansas, United States. The school provided secondary education in grades 7 through 12 serving rural, distant communities of Polk County, Arkansas, primarily Vandervoort and Cove, hence Van–Cove. At the time of closure it was a part of the Cossatot River School District.

Prior to July 1, 2010, Van–Cove High School was part of the former Van–Cove School District; on that day the Van-Cove district merged into the Cossatot River district. The Cossatot River School District merged Van–Cove High School with Wickes High School into the Cossatot River High School, which opened in 2013.

Cossatot River School District
Cossatot River School District is a public school district located along the Cossatot River and is based in Wickes, Arkansas, United States. The Cossatot River School District provides early childhood, elementary and secondary education for more than 1,150 prekindergarten through grade 12 students at its six facilities.

The school district was formed by the merger of the former Wickes School District and Van–Cove School District on July 1, 2010; together the Cossatot River School District encompasses 475.60 square miles (1,231.8 km2) of land, in Polk, Sevier, and Howard counties.

The district serves the communities of Cove, Vandervoot, Wickes, Grannis, and Umpire.

Cossatot River School District and its schools are accredited by the Arkansas Department of Education (ADE). All high schools participate in the 1A 7 West Conference as sanctioned by the Arkansas Activities Association.
Blue Hawaii
Blue Hawaii is a 1961 American musical romantic comedy drama film directed by Norman Taurog and starring Elvis Presley. The screenplay by Hal Kanter was nominated by the Writers Guild of America in 1962 in the category of Best Written American Musical. The film opened at number two in box-office receipts for that week and, despite mixed reviews from critics, finished as the 10th top-grossing film of 1961 and 14th for 1962 in the Variety national box office survey, earning $5 million. The film won a fourth place prize Laurel Award in the category of Top Musical of 1961.

Norman Taurog
Norman Rae Taurog (February 23, 1899 – April 7, 1981) was an American film director and screenwriter. From 1920 to 1968, Taurog directed 180 films. At the age of 32, he received the Academy Award for Best Director for Skippy (1931), becoming the youngest person to win the award for eight and a half decades until Damien Chazelle won for La La Land in 2017. He was later nominated for Best Director for the film Boys Town (1938). He directed some of the best-known actors of the twentieth century, including his nephew Jackie Cooper, Spencer Tracy, Mickey Rooney, Judy Garland, Deanna Durbin, Fred Astaire,  Gene Kelly, Deborah Kerr, Peter Lawford, Dean Martin, Jerry Lewis, Elvis Presley and Vincent Price. Taurog directed six Martin and Lewis films, and nine Elvis Presley films, more than any other director.

For his contribution to the motion picture industry, Taurog has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame at 1600 Vine Street.
Gmina Trzebiel
Gmina Trzebiel is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Żary County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland, on the German border. Its seat is the village of Trzebiel, which lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) west of Żary and 59 km (37 mi) south-west of Zielona Góra.

The gmina covers an area of 166.59 square kilometres (64.3 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 5,679.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Muskau Bend Landscape Park.

Muskau Bend Landscape Park
Muskau Bend Landscape Park (Park Krajobrazowy Łuk Mużakowa) is a protected area (Landscape Park) in western Poland, established in 2001, covering an area of 182.00 square kilometres (70.27 sq mi).

The Park lies within Lubusz Voivodeship, in Żary County (Łęknica, Gmina Brody, Gmina Przewóz, Gmina Trzebiel, Gmina Tuplice).
Kąty, Kutno County
Kąty [ˈkɔntɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Łanięta, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) west of Łanięta, 18 km (11 mi) north-west of Kutno, and 67 km (42 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Łanięta
Gmina Łanięta is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Łanięta, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north-west of Kutno and 65 km (40 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 54.76 square kilometres (21.1 sq mi), and the total population of Gmina Łanięta was 2,673, as of 2006.
Daily Review
The Daily Review was a daily newspaper published in Hayward, California. Floyd L. Sparks was owner of the Review from 1944 to 1985, along with The Argus of Fremont and the Tri-Valley Herald.

It was last owned by the Bay Area News Group-East Bay (BANG-EB), a subsidiary of MediaNews Group, which bought the paper in 1985. As of 2011, the executive editor was Kevin Keane.

MediaNews Group
MNG Enterprises, Inc., doing business as Digital First Media and MediaNews Group, is a Denver, Colorado, United States–based newspaper publisher owned by Alden Global Capital. As of May 2021, it owns over 100 newspapers and 200 assorted other publications.
Timeline of Mount Everest expeditions
Mount Everest is the world's highest mountain, with a peak at 8,848.86 m (29,031 ft 8+1⁄2 in) above sea level. It is situated in the Himalayan range of Solukhumbu district (Province 1 in present days), Nepal.

Junko Tabei
Junko Tabei (Japanese: 田部井 淳子, Hepburn: Tabei Junko; née Ishibashi; 22 September 1939 – 20 October 2016) was a Japanese mountaineer, author and teacher. She was the first woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest and ascend the Seven Summits, climbing the highest peak on every continent.

Tabei wrote seven books, organized environmental projects to clean up trash left behind by climbers on Everest, and led annual climbs up Mount Fuji for youth affected by the Great East Japan Earthquake.

An astronomer named asteroid 6897 Tabei after her and in 2019, a mountain range on Pluto was named Tabei Montes in her honor.
Electrochemical fluorination
Electrochemical fluorination (ECF), or electrofluorination, is a foundational organofluorine chemistry method for the preparation of fluorocarbon-based organofluorine compounds. The general approach represents an application of electrosynthesis. The fluorinated chemical compounds produced by ECF are useful because of their distinctive solvation properties and the relative inertness of carbon–fluorine bonds. Two ECF synthesis routes are commercialized and commonly applied: the Simons process and the Phillips Petroleum process. It is also possible to electrofluorinate in various organic media. Prior to the development of these methods, fluorination with fluorine, a dangerous oxidizing agent, was a dangerous and wasteful process. ECF can be cost-effective, but it may also result in low yields.

Halogenation
In chemistry, halogenation is a chemical reaction which introduces one or more halogens into a chemical compound. Halide-containing compounds are pervasive, making this type of transformation important, e.g. in the production of polymers, drugs. This kind of conversion is in fact so common that a comprehensive overview is challenging. This article mainly deals with halogenation using elemental halogens (F2, Cl2, Br2, I2). Halides are also commonly introduced using halide salts and hydrogen halide acids. Many specialized reagents exist for introducing halogens into diverse substrates, e.g. thionyl chloride.
Bunty Gunn
Bunty Gunn (née James; born 1933, Maryport, Cumberland, England) is a former British television presenter who is best known for her appearances on the educational children's television science programme How in the 1960s and 1970s with Jack Hargreaves, Jon Miller and Fred Dinenage.

Maryport
Maryport is a town and civil parish in the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England. The town is on the coast of the Solway Firth and lies at the northern end of the former Cumberland Coalfield. Maryport lies approximately 5 miles (8 km) north-west of the Lake District National Park. It includes the site of the Roman settlement of Alauna. The modern town was developed from the mid-18th century around a new harbour built at the mouth of the River Ellen. The parish also includes the village of Flimby. At the 2021 census, the built-up area had a population of 8,525, while the parish had a population of 10,865.
223rd Infantry Regiment (United States)
The 223rd Infantry Regiment is a regiment of the United States Army. The regiment was part of the California Army National Guard, and had Soldiers from the Los Angeles metropolitan area. Three members of the 223rd Infantry Regiment were awarded the Medal of Honor for their actions during the Korean War: David B. Bleak, Gilbert G. Collier and Clifton T. Speicher.

Gilbert G. Collier
Gilbert Georgie Collier (December 30, 1930 – July 20, 1953) was a soldier in the United States Army during the Korean War. He posthumously received the Medal of Honor for his actions on 19–20 July 1953.

Collier joined the Army from Tichnor, Arkansas in 1951.
New York's 41st State Senate district
New York's 41st State Senate district is one of 63 districts in the New York State Senate. It has been represented by Democrat Michelle Hinchey since 2023, following her defeat of incumbent Republican Sue Serino.

Sue Serino
Susan J. Serino (born September 8, 1961) is an American politician and businesswoman from the state of New York. A Republican, Serino has served as Dutchess County executive since January 1, 2024. Previously, she was a member of the New York State Senate, representing the 41st district from 2015 to 2022. Prior to her State Senate tenure, Serino served as a member of the Hyde Park Town Board and the Dutchess County Legislature.
Jungle Fever (song)
"Jungle Fever" is a 1971 track performed by Belgian producers the Chakachas, written by pianist and arranger Willy Albimoor (as Bill Ador) and first issued in Belgium by Swineyard, an independent record label.

The Chakachas
The Chakachas were a Belgium-based group of Latin soul studio musicians. Also known as Les Chakachas, Los Chakachas, or Los Chicles, they were formed by bandleader Gaston Bogaerts, percussion (conga and tumba); Kari Kenton, vocals and maracas; Vic Ingeveldt (a Dutchman from Liège), saxophone; Charlie Lots, trumpet; Christian Marc, piano; Henri Breyre, guitar and backing vocals; and Bill Raymond, bass guitar. All were native to Schaerbeek (a district of Brussels), or nearby Charleroi, Willebroek and Liège.
Saurabh Singh Shekhawat
Brigadier Saurabh Singh Shekhawat, KC, SC, SM, VSM is a former Indian Army officer of the 21 Para (SF) and an avid mountaineer. He is the Indian Army's most decorated officer, with one war-time gallantry award and two peace-time gallantry awards to his name.

Para (Special Forces)
The Para (Special Forces), informally referred to as Para SF, is a group of special forces battalions of the Parachute Regiment in the Indian Army. These units specialise in various roles including  counter-insurgency, counter-terrorism, direct action, hostage rescue, special reconnaissance and unconventional warfare.

The unit's heritage stems from World War II, with the creation of the 50th Parachute Brigade in October 1941 under the British Indian Army. 9 Para (SF) was raised in 1965 as the 9th Parachute Commando Battalion (as part of the Parachute Regiment) and is the oldest among the fifteen Para (SF) units of the Indian Army. It has been involved in various operations including the Indo-Pakistan war of 1971 (including Chachro Raid), Operation Bluestar, Operation Pawan, Operation Cactus, Kargil War, Operation Ginger, 2015 Indian counter-insurgency operation in Myanmar, 2016 Pampore stand-off, 2016 Indian Line of Control strike and in several anti-terror operations.
Porsche Mission R
The Porsche Mission R is a racing vehicle developed by Porsche equipped with a battery-electric drivetrain, first shown at IAA on September 6, 2021. Just as the Mission E previewed the Taycan sports saloon, the Mission R is a preview of a potential all-electric grand touring racing car for motorsport.

International Motor Show Germany
The International Motor Show Germany or International Mobility Show Germany, in German known as the Internationale Automobil-Ausstellung (IAA – International Automobile Exhibition), is one of the world's largest mobility trade fairs. It consists of two separate fairs, that subdivided in 1991. While the IAA Mobility displays passenger vehicles, motorcycles and bikes, the IAA Transportation specializes in commercial vehicles. Before the separation, the show was held solely at the Messe Frankfurt.

In 2021, the IAA adopted the New Mobility World concept, formats and business model, rebranded to IAA Mobility, and moved to Munich.

The IAA is organized by the Verband der Automobilindustrie (VDA – Association of the German Automotive Industry) and is scheduled by the Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles (OICA), who recognize the IAA as one of the "big five" most prestigious auto shows worldwide.
Dom people
The Dom (also called Domi; Arabic: دومي / ALA-LC: Dūmī, دومري / Dūmrī, Ḍom / ضوم or دوم, or sometimes also called Doms) are descendants of the Dom caste with origins in the Indian subcontinent, who through ancient migrations are found scattered across the Middle East and North Africa, the Eastern Anatolia region, Iraq, and Azerbaijan. The traditional language of the Dom is Domari, an endangered Indo-Aryan language, thereby making the Dom an Indo-Aryan ethnic group.

The Doms were formerly grouped with other traditionally itinerant ethnic groups originating from medieval India: the Rom and Lom peoples. However, these groups left India at different times and used different routes. The Domari language has a separate origin in India from Romani. Dom people do not identify themselves as Romanies.

Doma (caste)
The Doma (Sanskrit: डोम, romanized: ḍoma, IPA: [ɖoːmɐ]), also known as Dom, Domra, Domba, Domaka, Dombara and Dombari, are castes, or groups, scattered across India. The Doma/Dom were a caste of drummers. According to Tantra scriptures, the Dom were engaged in the occupations of singing and playing music. Historically, they were considered an untouchable caste called the Dalits and their traditional occupation was the disposal and cremation of dead bodies. The Doma were formerly classified as a criminal tribe under the 1870s Criminal Tribes Acts of the British Raj. They are in the list of Scheduled Castes for Reservation in India in the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Jharkhand and West Bengal.