hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tom Pendry
Thomas Pendry, Baron Pendry, PC (10 June 1934 – 26 February 2023) was a British Labour politician and member of the House of Lords. He was previously the Labour member of parliament for Stalybridge and Hyde from 1970 to 2001. In 2000, prior to his retirement as an MP he was made a member of the Privy Council on the recommendation of Tony Blair. After the 2001 election he was elevated to the peerage on 4 July as Baron Pendry, of Stalybridge in the County of Greater Manchester. He was president of the Football Foundation Ltd and was formerly sports advisor to Tameside District Council Sports Trust.

Stalybridge
Stalybridge (/ˌsteɪliˈbrɪdʒ/) is a town in Tameside, Greater Manchester, England. At the 2021 census, it had a population of 26,830.

Historically divided between Cheshire and Lancashire, it is 8 miles (12.9 km) east of Manchester and 6 miles (9.7 km) north-west of Glossop.

When a water-powered cotton mill was constructed in 1776, Stalybridge became one of the first centres of textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution. The wealth created in the 19th century from the factory-based cotton industry transformed an area of scattered farms and homesteads into a self-confident town.
Ishkoman Valley
The Ishkoman (Urdu: اشکومن) valley lies in the north of Ghizer District in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. It borders Afghanistan and the Pamir Wakhan Corridor. Its altitude ranges from 7,000 to 12,000 feet (2,100 to 3,700 m) above sea level. The languages spoken here include Shina, Khowar, Brushaski and Wakhi.

Wakhi language
Wakhi (ښیکوار, Х̆икв̆ор, IPA: [xikwɔr]) is an Indo-European language in the Eastern Iranian branch of the language family spoken today in Wakhan District, Northern Afghanistan, and neighboring areas of Tajikistan, Pakistan and China.
Old Synagogue (Heilbronn)
The Heilbronn Synagogue was a Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in Heilbronn, in the state of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The synagogue, located on Allee and constructed from local sandstone, was designed by Stuttgart architect Adolf Wolff in the Moorish Revival style and is regarded as the high point in the Neo-Orientalism phase in synagogue construction.: 1:152  The synagogue was completed in 1877 and demolished in 1940 following desecration by Nazis during Kristallnacht in November 1938.

A memorial stone and a sculpture are located on the site of the former synagogue.

Heilbronn
Heilbronn (German pronunciation: [haɪlˈbʁɔn] ⓘ) is a city in northern Baden-Württemberg, Germany, surrounded by the Heilbronn District.

From the late Middle Ages on, it developed into an important trading centre. At the beginning of the 19th century, Heilbronn became one of the centres of early industrialisation in Württemberg. Heilbronn's old town was completely destroyed during the air raid of 4 December 1944 and rebuilt in the 1950s. Today Heilbronn is the economic centre of the Heilbronn-Franken region.

Heilbronn is known for its wine industry and is nicknamed Käthchenstadt, after Heinrich von Kleist's Das Käthchen von Heilbronn.

In October 2025, Heilbronn was named the European Green Capital for 2027.
Contempo: A Review of Books and Personalities
Contempo, A Review of Books and Personalities was a "literary and social commentary" published by Milton A. Abernethy and Anthony Buttitta at Chapel Hill, North Carolina from 1931 to 1934. Though less well-known than some of its contemporaries, Contempo fits into the tradition of the "Little Magazine," a group of elite literary magazines pervasive in the first decades of the twentieth century.

Anthony Buttitta
Anthony Buttitta (July 26, 1907 - August 11, 2004) was an American playwright. He was born in Monroe, Louisiana to wealthy educated parents, recent immigrants from Sicily, Italy. He published his first plays and stories in the later 1920s as an undergraduate at Louisiana State Normal College and the University of Texas. Subsequently, at the University of North Carolina, he was one of the group of friends who founded the avant garde Intimate Bookshop and the literary magazine Contempo (1931–34). The magazine led to him meeting and corresponding with such writers as Sherwood Anderson, Ezra Pound, George Bernard Shaw, and William Faulkner. In 1932 he edited a special Contempo issue devoted to Faulkner’s work, now much coveted by Faulkner collectors.

Buttitta died on August 11, 2004 in Sardinia, Italy, at the age of 97.
Satellites (The Big Dish album)
Satellites is the third and final studio album from Scottish pop band The Big Dish, which was released by East West in 1991. The album peaked at No. 43 in the UK Albums Chart and remained in the Top 100 for two weeks.

The album spawned three singles; "Miss America" reached No. 37 in the UK Singles Chart, providing the band with their only UK Top 75 entry. The follow-up, "Big Town", reached No. 94 and the third single, a remix of "25 Years", failed to chart. After the disappointing sales of Satellites, "Big Town" and "25 Years", East West dropped the Big Dish in June 1991, and the band decided to split soon after.

The Big Dish (band)
The Big Dish are a Scottish pop band formed in Airdrie, Scotland in 1983. The band initially comprised Steven Lindsay (vocals/guitar), David Brownlie (drums), Stuart Hall (saxophone), Mark Ryce (guitar), and John Harper (keyboards). The band was subsequently augmented on stage by Paul Albertis (bass) and John Hendry (drums).  As well as releasing three studio albums, the band performed live as support to Lloyd Cole and Big Country and Del Amitri.
Imtiaz Ali Taj
Syed Imtiaz Ali Taj (Urdu: سیّد امتیاز علی تاؔج; Sayyid Imtiyāz ʿAlī Tāj; 1900–1970) was a Pakistani dramatist who wrote in the Urdu language. He is best known for his 1922 play Anarkali, based on the life of Anarkali, that was staged hundreds of times and was adapted for feature films in India and Pakistan, including the Indian film Mughal-e-Azam (1960).

Anarkali
Anarkali (lit. 'pomegranate blossom') is a legendary lady said to be loved by the 16th-century Mughal Prince Salim, who later became Emperor Jahangir. According to some accounts, Anarkali was the nickname of the courtesan (tawaif) Mehr-un-Nisa, though scholars hold varying opinions.

According to speculative and fictional accounts, Anarkali had an illicit relationship with Salim, the son of Mughal Emperor Akbar, who had her executed by immurement. The character often appears in movies, books and historical fiction, most notably depicted in the 1960 Bollywood film Mughal-e-Azam in which she is portrayed by Madhubala.
Ronald Williams (Labour politician)
Ronald Watkins Williams (8 July 1907 –14 March 1958) was a British Labour Party politician.

He was elected to the House of Commons as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Wigan in a by-election in 1948, following the death in 1947 of sitting Labour MP William Foster.

Williams was re-elected in this safe Labour seat at the 1950 general election and returned again at the 1955 general election, but died aged 50 in 1958. At the subsequent by-election in 1958, the seat was held for Labour by Alan Fitch.

1948 Wigan by-election
The 1948 Wigan by-election of 4 March 1948 was held after the death of the incumbent Labour MP, William Foster.

The by-election was contested by four candidates: Ronald Williams (Labour), Harold Dowling (Conservative), Thomas Rowlandson (Communist), and Owen L Roberts (King's Cavalier). Roberts was an ex-RAF Pathfinder observer fighting the election "for the peace and prosperity of the country."

The result was a hold for the Labour Party, with Williams gaining 59.1% of the vote, in spite of a 6.5% swing to the Conservative Party.
As Is (film)
As Is is a 1986 American television film directed by Michael Lindsay-Hogg. It was adapted by William M. Hoffman from his 1985 play of the same title. The film stars Jonathan Hadary, Robert Carradine, Colleen Dewhurst and Joanna Miles. It premiered on Showtime on July 27, 1986. Several networks rejected the TV adaptation. Hadary and Carradine were both nominated for CableACE Awards. The movie centers on a group of gay male friends dealing with AIDS in New York City.

Michael Lindsay-Hogg
Michael Edward Lindsay-Hogg (born 5 May 1940), is a British American television, film, music video, and theatre director. Beginning his career in British television, Lindsay-Hogg became a pioneer in music film production, directing promotional films for the Beatles and the Rolling Stones. Following his work with these bands, he branched out into film and theatre, while still maintaining careers in television and music video production.
Remiremont station
Remiremont station (French: Gare de Remiremont) is a railway station serving the commune of Remiremont, Vosges department, France. The station is owned and operated by SNCF, in the TER Grand Est regional rail network and is served by TGV inOui and TER trains.

Remiremont
Remiremont (French pronunciation: [ʁəmiʁmɔ̃] ⓘ) is a town and commune in the Vosges department, northeastern France, situated in southern Grand Est. The town has been an abbatial centre since the 7th century, is an economic crossroads of the Moselle and Moselotte valleys, and is also a stepping stone for tourists wishing to explore the Vosges and neighbouring Alsace. Remiremont is also known as La Belle des Vosges.

Its inhabitants are known as Romarimontains.
Pathfinders (TV series)
Pathfinders (1972–1973, aka The Pathfinders) is an ITV drama set in the Second World War, telling the story of the fictitious Royal Air Force 192 Pathfinder squadron. The Pathfinders were specialised RAF squadrons that marked targets for RAF Bomber Command.

The series used radio controlled Avro Lancaster models for the flying scenes. The technical adviser for the series was Group Captain Hamish Mahaddie. The music was by Malcolm Lockyer.

Pathfinder (RAF)
The Pathfinders were target-marking squadrons in RAF Bomber Command during World War II. They located and marked targets with flares, at which a main bomber force could aim, increasing the accuracy of their bombing. The Pathfinders were normally the first to receive new blind-bombing aids such as Gee, Oboe and the H2S radar.

The early Pathfinder Force (PFF) squadrons were expanded to become a group, No. 8 (Pathfinder Force) Group, in January 1943. The initial Pathfinder Force was five squadrons, whilst No 8 Group ultimately grew to a strength of 19 squadrons. Whereas the majority of Pathfinder squadrons and personnel were from the Royal Air Force, the group also included No 405 Squadron of the Royal Canadian Air Force as well as many individual airmen from the air forces of other Commonwealth countries.
Yellow badge
The yellow badge, also known as the yellow patch, the Jewish badge, or the yellow star (German: Judenstern, lit. 'Jew's star'), was an accessory that Jews were required to wear in certain non-Jewish societies throughout history. A Jew's ethno-religious identity, which would be denoted by the badge, would help to mark them as an outsider. Legislation that mandated Jewish subjects to wear such items has been documented in some Middle Eastern caliphates and in some European kingdoms during the medieval period and the early modern period. The most recent usage of yellow badges was during World War II, when Jews living in Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe were ordered to wear a yellow Star of David to keep their Jewish identity disclosed to the public in the years leading up to the Holocaust.

Al-Mutawakkil
Ja'far ibn Muḥammad ibn Hārūn al-Mutawakkil ʿalā Allāh (Arabic: جعفر بن محمد بن هارون, romanized: Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad ibn Hārūn); March 822 – 11 December 861, commonly known by his regnal name al-Mutawwakil ala Allah (Arabic: المتوكل على الله, romanized: al-Mutawakkil ʿalā Allāh, lit. 'He who relies on God'), was the tenth Abbasid caliph, ruling from 847 until his assassination in 861. He succeeded his brother, al-Wathiq (r. 842–847), and is known for expanding the empire to its maximum extent. He was deeply religious, and is remembered for discarding the Muʿtazila, ending the Mihna (a period of persecution of Islamic scholars), and releasing Ahmad ibn Hanbal. He is also known for his tough rule, especially with respect to non-Muslim subjects.

He was assassinated on 11 December 861 by the Turkic guard with the support of his son, al-Muntasir, marking the beginning of the period of civil strife known as the "Anarchy at Samarra".
Sherri Sylvester
Sherri Sylvester (born Sherri Kay Sylvester 1959) was a longtime entertainment reporter for CNN, and sometimes filled in as hostess of Showbiz Today. She was educated at Indiana University Bloomington. Sylvester has subsequently worked as a producer for CBS News, and works with Women Media Pros specializing in Media Interview Training and Media Relations.

Showbiz Tonight
Showbiz Tonight is a defunct American entertainment news program that aired from February 20, 2005, until February 6, 2014, on HLN. Showbiz Tonight was hosted by A. J. Hammer at CNN New York at the time of its cancellation. The show reported and debated celebrity entertainment news stories and controversies, along with social networking segments involving viewer interaction via social networks and the program's call-in toll free number. The program aired Monday through Thursday nights at 11 p.m. Eastern, with encore presentations on Tuesday through Saturday mornings at 2 a.m. and 4:10 a.m. Eastern. Showbiz Tonight is also shown several times daily in Europe on Star! Scandinavia, a channel operated by Turner NonStop Television, part of Turner Broadcasting.

On February 3, 2014, HLN canceled Showbiz Tonight, with the final episode airing February 6. Hammer continues to be involved in the network to cover entertainment stories.
A Hundred Thousand in Fresh Notes
A Hundred Thousand in Fresh Notes is the third and final studio album from the British duo Wax, released on 22 September 1989. The majority of the album was produced by Peter Collins, with four tracks produced by members Andrew Gold and Graham Gouldman.

"Wherever You Are" was released as the album's lead single, however it failed to generate commercial success in the UK or Europe. The second and final single, "Anchors Aweigh", reached No. 95 in the UK and remained in the charts for two weeks. After the album failed to achieve major commercial success, Gold and Gouldman disbanded and moved on to separate projects.

Wax (British band)
Wax were a new wave duo based in Manchester, England, consisting of American singer-songwriter Andrew Gold and 10cc guitarist/bassist Graham Gouldman. They are best known for their European hit singles "Bridge to Your Heart" and "Right Between the Eyes". In the US, they were listed as Wax UK, while later releases were additionally credited as Andrew Gold & Graham Gouldman.
Christian Jank
Christian Jank (15 July 1833 – 25 November 1888) was a German scenic painter and stage designer.

Jank was born in Munich, the Bavarian capital. Here he originally worked as a scenic painter. Among other things he was involved in the scenery for Richard Wagner's opera Lohengrin. He was also enlisted as a stage designer for the 1862 Fairytale Maskenfest, spending months painting a 800-meter-long, 50-meter-high panoramic backdrop with a castle overlooking the Rhine.

His work piqued the interest of Ludwig II, who commissioned him to create concepts for his architectural projects inspired by Wagner. Jank's historistic drafts were the basis for Neuschwanstein Castle, which was built starting in 1869 by Eduard Riedel and later Georg von Dollmann. Jank was also involved in the interior of Linderhof Palace. His concepts for Falkenstein Castle could not be realized, as the project was abandoned after the king's death in 1886.

Jank himself died in Munich on 25 November 1888.

1862 Fairytale Maskenfest
The 1862 Fairytale Maskenfest was a German masquerade ball held on February 15, 1862 at the Royal Odeon in Munich

Organized by the artist's association "Jung-München" ("Young Munich") and spearheaded by Wilhelm Busch, the ball presented as an elaborate celebration of fairytales and folklore during the height of German Carnival season Advertised as a "German Fairy Tale World," the event featured extensive staging, costuming, and performances during a time when fairytales were experiencing a surge of popularity in Germany.

Photographs by court photographer Joseph Albert document attendees dressed in animal and fairy‑tale costumes, including medieval figures, mermaids, hare‑and‑hedgehog pairs, and Puss in Boots.

Not only was the event attended by much of Munich's art world, but it also attracted the Bavarian court, including the 16-year-old heir to the Bavarian throne King Ludwig II, later famed as the "Märchenkönig" (or the "Fairytale King").
Dressed Up as Life
Dressed Up as Life is the second studio album by the Australian rock band Sick Puppies, released on 3 April 2007 through Virgin Records. It was their first album to be released in the US, peaking at No. 181 on the US Billboard 200 chart. Deutsch Advertising creatives Michael Leibowitz and Eric Rojas oversaw the CD design for Dressed Up as Life.

This is the band's first studio album with drummer Mark Goodwin, who replaced Chris Mileski in 2003.

Sick Puppies
Sick Puppies are an Australian rock band formed in Sydney in 1997 by bassist Emma Anzai and singer/guitarist Shimon Moore. After releasing their debut album in 2001, the band rose to prominence in 2006 when their song "All the Same", supporting the Free Hugs Campaign, received tens of millions of views. Moore left the band acrimoniously in 2014 and was replaced by Bryan Scott. Their most recent album Wave the Bull was released in March 2025.
2013 Miranda state by-election
A by-election for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Miranda occurred on 19 October 2013. The by-election was triggered by the resignation of Graham Annesley (Liberal), which was announced on 28 August 2013. Barry Collier (Labor) won the seat with a 55 percent two-party vote from a 26-point two-party swing, the largest swing in New South Wales history.

Electoral district of Miranda
Miranda is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales. It is represented by Eleni Petinos of the Liberal Party.

Miranda is located in the north of Sutherland Shire on the south shore of Georges River.
Treaty of Montpellier
The Treaty of Montpellier (or the Peace of Montpellier) was signed in Montpellier, France on 18 October 1622 between King Louis XIII and Duke Henry II of Rohan. The treaty followed the siege of Montpellier and ended hostilities between French royalists and the Huguenots. It confirmed the religious tenets of the Edict of Nantes and pardoned Rohan, but reduced the number of Huguenot places de sûreté (military installations) to two: in La Rochelle and Montauban. The Huguenots would have to raze their other fortifications. They also would thenceforth be forbidden from holding their general assemblies and synods.

This peace would last only two years, as neither the King nor the Huguenots were ready to respect its terms. The brother of Rohan, Benjamin, Duke of Soubise, attacked a royal fleet in the battle of Blavet in January 1625.

Battle of Blavet
The Battle of Blavet (French: Bataille du Blavet) was an encounter between the Huguenot forces of Soubise and a French fleet under the Duke of Nevers in Blavet harbour (Port de Blavet, modern Port-Louis), Brittany in January 1625, triggering the Second Huguenot rebellion against the Crown of France.
Julie Owens
Julie Ann Owens (born 17 October 1958) is an Australian former politician who served as a member of the Australian House of Representatives for Parramatta from 2004 to 2022, when she retired from politics.

Division of Parramatta
The Division of Parramatta is an Australian electoral division in the state of New South Wales. It was created in 1900 and was one of the original 65 divisions contested at the first federal election. It is based in the western suburbs of Sydney. The current member, since the 2022 federal election, is Andrew Charlton, a member of the Australian Labor Party.

Parramatta is a diverse electorate with large immigrant communities from India and China, and has a higher than average university education rate according to the 2016 census. At the time of the 2022 Australian federal election, 12% of Parramatta's population possessed Chinese ancestry.
Zürcher Museums-Bahn
The Zürcher Museums-Bahn (ZMB) is a heritage railway association based in the Swiss city of Zurich. It operates occasional services over the Sihltal line of the Sihltal Zürich Uetliberg Bahn, and preserves rolling stock, much of which formerly belonged to that operator.

On the last Sunday of every month from April to October, a steam service is operated from Zurich Wiedikon station to Sihlbrugg station. The ZMB preserves a selection of former Sihltal line rolling stock, including two early steam locomotives, and a railcar and a locomotive built for the original electrification.

Sihlbrugg railway station
Sihlbrugg is a former railway station in the Swiss canton of Zurich. It was closed permanently in December 2012, and there are no passenger trains scheduled to stop at the station since then. Although named after the hamlet of Sihlbrugg, the station is actually located nearly 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) north of the village, in the municipality of Horgen.

The station was a junction point between the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) Thalwil–Arth-Goldau railway, which connects Zug and Zürich Hauptbahnhof (Sihlbrugg is located between Horgen Oberdorf and Baar), and the Sihltal Zürich Uetliberg Bahn (SZU) line to Zürich via Sihlwald.
1983 Soviet nuclear false alarm incident
On 26 September 1983, during the Cold War, the Soviet nuclear early warning system Oko reported the launch of one intercontinental ballistic missile with four more missiles behind it, from the United States. These missile attack warnings were suspected to be false alarms by Stanislav Petrov (1939–2017), an engineer of the Soviet Air Defence Forces on duty at the command center of the early-warning system. He decided to wait for corroborating evidence—of which none arrived—rather than immediately relaying the warning up the chain of command. This decision is seen as having prevented a retaliatory nuclear strike against the United States and its NATO allies, which would likely have resulted in a full-scale nuclear war. Investigation of the satellite warning system later determined that the system had indeed malfunctioned.

Second strike
In nuclear strategy, a retaliatory strike or second-strike capability is a country's assured ability to respond to a nuclear attack with powerful nuclear retaliation against the attacker. To have such an ability (and to convince an opponent of its viability) is considered vital in nuclear deterrence, as otherwise the other side might attempt to win a nuclear war in one massive first strike against its opponent's own nuclear forces.
George B. Perkins
George B. Perkins (August 11, 1874 – October 4, 1955) was an American businessman and politician.

Born in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin, Perkins went to the Fond du Lac public schools. In 1896, Perkins moved to Sac City, Iowa. He was the president of the First National Bank of Sac City. Perkins served as mayor of Sac City. He also served on the Sac City Independent School District board and served as the school board treasurer. Perkins also served as clerk of courts for Sac County, Iowa. From 1919 to 1923, Perkins served in the Iowa House of Representatives and was a Republican. He then served in the Iowa State Senate from 1923 to 1927. Perkins died at Loring Hospital in Sac City, Iowa following a heart attack.

Fond du Lac, Wisconsin
Fond du Lac (/ˈfɒndəlæk/ ⓘ) is a city in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. It is at the southern end of Lake Winnebago and had a population of 44,678 at the 2020 census. The city forms the core of the Fond du Lac metropolitan statistical area, which includes all of Fond du Lac County and had 104,154 residents in 2020.