hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vilsmeier reagent
The Vilsmeier reagent is an organic compound with the formula [(CH3)2NCHCl]Cl.  It is a salt consisting of the N,N-dimethyl­iminium cation ([(CH3)2N=CHCl]+) and chloride anion. Depending on the particular reaction, the anion can vary.  In typical POCl3-based reactions, the anion is PO2Cl2−. The iminium cation [(CH3)2N=CHCl]+ is the reactive component of interest.  This iminium species is a derivative of the imidoyl chloride CH3N=CHCl. Analogues of this particular reagent are generated when tertiary amides other than DMF are treated with POCl3.

The salt is a white solid that is soluble in polar organic solvents.  Vilsmeier reagent is the active intermediate in the formylation reactions, the Vilsmeier reaction or Vilsmeier-Haack reaction that use mixtures of dimethylformamide and phosphorus oxychloride to generate the Vilsmeier reagent, which in turn is attacked by a nucleophilic substrate and eventually hydrolyzes to give formyl.  It is a source of "O=CH+".

Vilsmeier–Haack reaction
The Vilsmeier–Haack reaction (also called the Vilsmeier reaction) is the chemical reaction of a substituted formamide (1) with phosphorus oxychloride and an electron-rich arene (3) to produce an aryl aldehyde or ketone (5):

RC(=O)NR′R″ + HArZ + POCl3 + H2O → RC(=O)ArZ + NR′R″H + HCl + H3PO4

The reaction is named after Anton Vilsmeier and Albrecht Haack.

For example, benzanilide and dimethylaniline react with phosphorus oxychloride to produce an unsymmetrical diaryl ketone. Similarly, anthracene is formylated at the 9-position. The reaction of anthracene with N-methylformanilide, also using phosphorus oxychloride, gives 9-anthracenecarboxaldehyde:

N-Methylformanilide and anthracene and phosphorus oxychloride

In general, the electron-rich arene (3) must be much more active than benzene for the reaction to proceed; phenols or anilines are good substrates.
Kern City, Bakersfield, California
Kern City is a former unincorporated community now incorporated in Bakersfield in Kern County, California. It is located  4 miles (6.4 km) west-southwest of downtown Bakersfield, at an elevation of 387 feet (118 m).

Kern City was founded as a planned retirement community in 1961. It was developed by Del Webb and constructed by his namesake company the Del E. Webb Corporation. A post office operated at Kern City from 1962 to 1976.

In 2010, there were 1,024 dwelling units (individual homes or condos) within the Kern City association. At that time, the association had an elected board of directors made up of 9 property owners, three elected each year for a three-year term.

Del E. Webb Construction Company
The Del E. Webb Construction Company was a construction company that was founded in 1928 and developed by Del Webb. Headquartered in Phoenix, Arizona, United States, it became the Del E. Webb Corporation a publicly traded company on the New York Stock Exchange in 1960. The same year, the corporation unveiled Sun City, outside Phoenix, as the first community designed for senior citizens. Many more Sun Cities were built by the corporation in the following decades. Along with construction, the corporation was also involved in real estate and owned several hotels and casinos which were built and/or expanded by the company. The company was purchased in 2001 by Pulte Homes. Pulte Homes since merged with Centex Corp. and became PulteGroup. Del Webb continues as a brand of PulteGroup.
A Sentimental Capitalism
A Sentimental Capitalism (French: Un capitalisme sentimental) is a Canadian comedy-drama film, directed by Olivier Asselin and released in 2008. The film stars Lucille Fluet as Fernande Bouvier, an aspiring artist in Paris in the 1920s who unwittingly becomes the cause of the Wall Street crash of 1929 after businessman Victor Feldman (Alex Bisping) bets two of his colleagues that he can sell her on the financial market despite her lack of tangible artistic output.

The film's cast also includes Paul Ahmarani, Frank Fontaine, Sylvie Moreau, Anne Létourneau, Harry Standjofski and Steve Barry.

The film premiered on October 8, 2008, as the opening film of the Festival du nouveau cinéma. It was regarded by some critics as prophetic, as the 2008 financial crisis was in full swing by the time of its release.

Isabelle Malenfant received a Jutra Award nomination for Best Editing at the 11th Jutra Awards in 2009.

Olivier Asselin
Olivier Asselin is a Canadian film director and screenwriter from Quebec. He is most noted for his films The Moving Statue (La Liberté d'une statue), which was the winner of the Prix L.-E.-Ouimet-Molson from the Association québécoise des critiques de cinéma in 1991, and The Cyclotron (Le Cyclotron), for which he won the Borsos Competition Award for Best Screenplay at the 2016 Whistler Film Festival.

He is a professor of art and film history at the Université de Montréal. His filmmaking style is marked by the exploration of philosophical and scientific themes, presented in a highly stylized manner that pays tribute to the aesthetic of older periods in film history, and has been compared to the styles of Guy Maddin and early Lars von Trier.
Morning Departure
Morning Departure (released as Operation Disaster in the United States) is a 1950 British naval drama film about life aboard a sunken submarine, directed by Roy Ward Baker, and starring John Mills and Richard Attenborough. It was written by W.E. Fairchild based on the 1940 stage play of the same name by Kenneth Woollard, which had also been shown as a live TV play by the BBC in 1946 and 1948.

Roy Ward Baker
Roy Ward Baker (born Roy Horace Baker; 19 December 1916 – 5 October 2010) was an English film director.

He was known professionally as Roy Baker until 1967, when he adopted Roy Ward Baker as his screen credit.
1802 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election
The 1802 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election occurred on October 12, 1802. Incumbent Democratic-Republican governor Thomas McKean successfully sought re-election to another term. As occurred in his prior campaign, he defeated U.S. Senator James Ross, a Federalist.

Thomas McKean
Thomas McKean (/mɪkˈkeɪn/; March 19, 1734 – June 24, 1817) was an American lawyer, politician, and Founding Father. During the American Revolution he was a Delaware delegate to the Continental Congress in Philadelphia, where he signed the Continental Association, the Declaration of Independence, and the Articles of Confederation. He served as President of Congress for four months in 1781. McKean was at various times a member of the Federalist and the Democratic-Republican parties and served as president of Delaware, chief justice of Pennsylvania, and the second governor of Pennsylvania. He also held numerous other public offices.
Benjamin Jones (economist)
Benjamin Felt Jones (born 1972) is an American economist and professor at the Kellogg School of Management, Northwestern University. Jones's research is mainly focused on innovation and economic development. He has worked as an economic advisor in the U.S. Treasury and the White House.

Kellogg School of Management
The Northwestern University Kellogg School of Management (branded as Northwestern Kellogg) is the graduate business school of Northwestern University, a private research university in Evanston, Illinois. It was founded in 1908. Kellogg is part of the M7 group of business schools recognized as having strong MBA programs, that are often highly-ranked in US MBA rankings.
Wilton Park, Batley
Wilton Park is a public park located in Batley, West Yorkshire, England.

Opened to the public in 1909 in the grounds of an old mansion (which now serves as the Bagshaw Museum) by the Batley Corporation, the park now serves the whole of the town.

The park contains a lake, formal gardens, a large area of natural woodland and open fields. Facilities include bowling greens, tennis courts and a paddling pool. A railway line once ran through the park. Despite being closed many years ago, its path is still evident, as is the bridge which lies directly in front of the park's main entrance.

Batley
Batley is a market town in the Kirklees district, in West Yorkshire, England, south-west of Leeds, north-west of Wakefield and Dewsbury, south-east of Bradford and north-east of Huddersfield, in the Heavy Woollen District. In 2011, the population was 48,730.

Batley Town Hall, designed in the neoclassical style, was paid for by public subscription and opened as the local mechanics' institute in 1854. The town was the home of Batley Variety Club, which was frequented by many notable musical acts, from 1967 onwards.
Kanakapura Assembly constituency
Kanakapura Assembly constituency is one of the 224 assembly constituencies in Karnataka state in India. The constituency is one of the 8 seats which make up Bangalore Rural Lok Sabha constituency. Ramakrishna Hegde contested a bypoll from this seat when he first became Chief Minister in 1983.

Bangalore Rural Lok Sabha constituency
Bangalore Rural Assembly constituency (sometimes called Ramanagara) is one of the 28 Lok Sabha (lower house of the Indian parliament) constituencies in the South Indian state of Karnataka. This constituency was created in 2008 following the delimitation of parliamentary constituencies.

It comprises eight assembly segments of which seven are derived from the former Kanakapura Lok Sabha constituency (abolished in 2008). It first held elections in 2009 and its first member of parliament (MP) was H. D. Kumaraswamy of the Janata Dal (Secular) party. Kumaraswamy resigned his seat in 2013. The by election that followed was won by D. K. Suresh of the Indian National Congress (INC). As of the latest election in 2024, Dr. C. N. Manjunath of the Bharatiya Janata Party represents this constituency.
Quarterflash (album)
Quarterflash is the debut album of American rock band Quarterflash. It was released in 1981 on Geffen Records and features the single, "Harden My Heart", which reached No. 3 on the Billboard Hot 100 and No. 1 on the Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart. The follow-up single was "Find Another Fool", which reached No. 16 on the Hot 100. The album was certified platinum in the United States by the RIAA.

Quarterflash
Quarterflash (previously stylized as QuarterFlash) was an American rock group formed in 1980 in Portland, Oregon. The band was originally made up of lead vocalist and saxophonist Orinda Sue "Rindy" Ross (born June 26, 1951) and her husband, guitarist Marvin "Marv" Ross (born January 30, 1951), along with Jack Charles (guitars), Rick DiGiallonardo (keyboards/synthesizers), Rich Gooch (electric bass), and Brian David Willis (drums and percussion).
1903 Argentine Primera División
The 1903 Argentine Primera División was the 12th season of top-flight football in Argentina. The season began on April 26 and ended on August 9.

Alumni won its fourth consecutive league championship. On 26 July 1903 the squad lost its first league game in four years. Flores A.C., which had left the Association in 1898, returned to the competition under the name "Club Atlético de Flores".

The championship was expanded to a 6 team league format in 1903, with each team playing the other twice. In February 1903, the association changed its name from "The Argentine Association Football League" to "Argentine Football Association"

Alumni Athletic Club
Alumni Athletic Club, or simply Alumni, was an Argentine football team active during the first years of the sport in that country. Although officially founded in 1898, the team had been formed in 1893 when a group of students from the Buenos Aires English High School joined Alexander Watson Hutton (considered the "father" of Argentine football) to form a team in order to participate in the championship organized by the Argentine Association Football League (then Argentine Football Association, which had been created that year).

The squad was active until 1911 and was disbanded in 1913 due to internal problems. During the years Alumni was active, the team won a total of 22 titles, including 15 domestic titles (10 Primera División championships and 5 national cups). At international level, Alumni won 7 titles, becoming one of the most important clubs in the history of Argentine football.
BattleTech: The Animated Series
BattleTech is an animated television series based on the BattleTech fictional universe, produced for syndication by Saban Entertainment in 1994. Written by Robert N. Skir and Marty Isenberg, the series ran for 13 episodes and focused on the character of Adam Steiner, a military officer in the distant future who struggles to liberate his home planet from an attacking faction.

The series was noteworthy for its blending of animation techniques, with computer animation used to depict most battle sequences and traditional animation used for most other scenes.

Ownership of the series passed to Disney in 2001 when Disney acquired Fox Kids Worldwide which included Saban Entertainment.

Marty Isenberg
Martin Elliot Isenberg (born 1963) is an American animation writer. He is best known for his role as co-story editor on Beast Machines and Transformers: Animated, and for his work on the 2003 Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles series. He also wrote or co-wrote scripts for Ben 10, Danny Phantom, Gargoyles, Batman: The Animated Series, Action Man, Beetlejuice, The Mask, G.I. Joe: Renegades, X-Men: The Animated Series and Spider-Man: The Animated Series. From 1991–2003, he frequently collaborated with Robert N. Skir.
Jewish Town Hall (Prague)
The Jewish Town Hall (Czech: Židovská radnice) in Josefov, Prague, was constructed adjacent to the Old New Synagogue on the corner of Maiselova and Červená Ulice in 1586 in Renaissance style under the sponsorship of Mayor Mordechai Maisel. It acquired its Rococo facade in the 18th century.

The building was the main meeting house of the local Jewish community but is currently closed to the public. It is perhaps best known for its two clocks, one on a tower with Roman numeral markings, the other, lower, has Hebrew numerals, which are the same as letters in the Hebrew alphabet. The Hebrew numerals begin with aleph and continue counterclockwise around the clock dial.

Mordecai Meisel
Mordecai Marcus Meisel (Czech: Miška Marek Majzel; 1528, Prague – 13 March 1601, Prague) was a philanthropist and communal leader of the Jewish community in Prague. He was one of the first court Jews of Eastern Europe.
Union Township, Saunders County, Nebraska
Union Township is one of twenty-four townships in Saunders County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 1,945 at the 2020 census. A 2021 estimate placed the township's population at 1,997.

The City of Yutan lies within the Township.

Saunders County, Nebraska
Saunders County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 22,278. Its county seat is Wahoo.

Saunders County is included in the Omaha–Council Bluffs metropolitan area.

In the Nebraska license plate system, Saunders County is represented by the prefix 6 (the county had the sixth-largest number of vehicles registered in the state when the license plate system was established in 1922).
Ballycarry railway station
Ballycarry railway station serves Ballycarry and Islandmagee in County Antrim, Northern Ireland, the station was opened on 1 October 1862.

Today there is just a  single platform, there is a stationmaster's old cottage on a disused platform, this is now privately owned.

Ballycarry
Ballycarry (from Irish Baile Cora, meaning 'town of the weir or rocky ford'ⓘ) is a village in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is midway between Larne and Carrickfergus, overlooking Islandmagee, and is part of the Mid and East Antrim Borough Council area.  In the 2021 census it had a population of 1,479.
Pine Bluff High School
Pine Bluff High School (PBHS) is a comprehensive public high school in Pine Bluff, Arkansas, United States. It, a part of the Pine Bluff School District, is the largest of two public high schools in the Pine Bluff city limits and three public high schools in Jefferson County. Established in 1868, the school's interscholastic sports programs are one of the nation's most successful with a football national championship and one of the state's highest number of state championships in football, baseball and track and field.

High school football national championships
A national championship in high school football is an honor awarded annually by various organizations to their selection of the best high school football team in the United States.

The title is a mythical national championship, since travel demands and the number of high schools spread across the country prevent the championship from being settled competitively on the football field. Instead, the national championships are based on rankings from prep football media analysts, such as USA Today, or algorithmic rankings.

There have also been some efforts over the years at organizing a single-game playoff for the national championship.
Better Days (Pete Murray song)
"Better Days" is a song by Australian singer-songwriter Pete Murray. It was released on 5 September 2005 as the lead single from his third studio album, See the Sun (2005). "Better Days" peaked at number 13 on the Australian ARIA Singles Chart and was certified gold. At the APRA Music Awards of 2006, the song was nominated for Song of the Year.

Pete Murray (Australian musician)
Peter Kenneth Murray (born 14 October 1969) is an Australian musician. As of 2025, he has had three albums reach number 1 on the Australian (ARIA) charts: Feeler (2003), See the Sun (2005), and Summer at Eureka (2008), which were consecutive releases. As of 2023, Murray has received 17 ARIA nominations throughout his career, and he has sold over 1.2 million albums in Australia alone.
They Were Five (1952 film)
They Were Five (French: Ils étaient cinq) is a 1952 French drama film directed by Jack Pinoteau and starring Marcel André, Jean Carmet and Jean Gaven. It was shot at the Boulogne Studios in Paris. The film's sets were designed by the art director Jacques Colombier.

Jack Pinoteau
Jack Pinoteau (20 September 1923 – 6 April 2017) or Jacques Pinoteau was a French film director born at Clairefontaine-en-Yvelines. A brother of Claude Pinoteau and Arlette Merry, he is mostly known for his direction of the film Le Triporteur, after a novel by René Fallet which made Darry Cowl famous.

Pinoteau died on 6 April 2017, aged 93.
Eddie Ryan (rugby union)
Edmond Ryan (17 February 1891 – 29 August 1965) was a New Zealand international rugby union player.

A native of Petone, Ryan was one of eight rugby playing siblings from a family with Irish origins. This included All Blacks utility back James Ryan who was an elder brother. All brothers played for Petone and Eddie was one of five to represent Wellington, which he debuted for in 1912 before the outbreak of war.

Ryan served with the New Zealand Field Artillery in World War I and was decorated with the British War Medal.

An attacking centre, Ryan took part in the 1919 King's Cup competition with the New Zealand Services team, then made his solitary All Blacks appearance in a match against New South Wales at Christchurch in 1921.

New Zealand Army rugby team of 1919
The New Zealand Army rugby team of 1919 was a rugby union team which represented New Zealand after the end of the First World War. Although spoken of as a single team, there were several New Zealand Services teams playing in Britain at the conclusion of the War. The most notable being the touring Army XV who played a series of games throughout Great Britain and France, including an internationally recognised match against the Wales national team. With the introduction of the King's Cup; a services tournament between forces from Australia, Britain, Canada, New Zealand and South Africa, the team split intself in two. The 'A' Team taking part in the King's Cup, while the 'B' team continued touring against club and county opponents.
Shūhō Satō
Shūhō Satō (佐藤 秀峰, Satō Shūhō; born December 8, 1973 in Ikeda, Hokkaidō, Japan) is a Japanese manga artist. He won the Japan Media Arts Festival Manga Award for his work Say Hello to Black Jack.

His assistants have included his wife, manga artist Tomomi Satō, as well as Masasumi Kakizaki (one year before his debut), Takahisa Shiratori, Itsunari Fujii, Eiji Nomura, Takashi Yoshida, and Kōjirō Umezawa.

Ikeda, Hokkaido
Ikeda (池田町, Ikeda-chō) is a town located in Tokachi Subprefecture, Hokkaidō, Japan.  As of 31 October 2025, the town had an estimated population of 5,773 in 3172 households, and a population density of 15.5 people per km2. The total area of the town is 371.79 km2 (143.55 sq mi).
Qing Yi Wu Jia
Qing Yi Wu Jia (Chinese: 情義無價; pinyin: Qíngyì Wú Jià) is a 1988 TV series starring Jaime Chik, Chang Chen-kuang, Chiu Yu Ting (邱于庭) and Kou Shih-hsiun (寇世勳) produced by China Television.

Xin Qing Yi Wu Jia (新情义无价) (2008)  starring Huang Haibo (黄海波), Pan Yueming (潘粵明) and Shu Yan (舒砚) is a TV series rewriting the TV series.

Chang Chen-kuang
Chang Chen-kuang (Chinese: 張晨光; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiuⁿ Sîn-kong; born 1956) is a Taiwanese actor. He is also known by the names Jack Chang, Morning Chang, or Morni Chang. Chang was shortlisted several times for the Golden Bell Award for Best Actor, winning the honor in 1992 and 2004. He is of Mainland Chinese descent.
Wildstorm: Revelations
Wildstorm: Revelations is a comic book limited series, written by Scott Beatty and Christos Gage with art by Wes Craig.

After "Wildcats: Armageddon", Nemesis recruits Savant and Backlash to help her try to stop the end of the world.

Revelations was the start of a number bi-weekly series, and was followed by Number of the Beast, which resulted in the relaunch of a number of Wildstorm titles.

Christos Gage
Christos N. Gage (born 1971) is an American screenwriter and comic book writer. He is known for his work on the TV series Daredevil, Hawaii Five-0, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, Numbers and the films The Breed and Teenage Caveman. In the comics industry, he has done considerable work on the titles Angel & Faith, Avengers Academy, The Amazing Spider-Man, Gwen Stacy, The Superior Spider-Man, and Spider-Geddon, and has written tie-in books for the "Civil War" and "World War Hulk" storylines.
Nicole Bullo
Nicole Bullo (born 18 July 1987) is a Swiss ice hockey defenseman and member of the Swiss national team. She has played with the HC Ambrì-Piotta Girls in the Women's League (PFWL/SWHL A) since 2024.

Bullo has represented Switzerland at five Winter Olympic Games and eleven IIHF Women's World Championship tournaments.

Women's League (Switzerland)
The Women's League, also known as the PostFinance Women's League (PFWL) for sponsorship reasons, is the premier ice hockey league in the Swiss Women's Hockey League (SWHL) system. The league was founded in 1986 as the Leistungsklasse A, abbreviated LKA, and was also officially known as the Ligue nationale A in French and the Lega Nazionale A in Italian, both abbreviated as LNA. During 2014 to 2019, the league was called the Swiss Women's Hockey League A, abbreviated SWHL A; the abbreviation has been used by the league following the 2019 name change. An amateur league, it is organized by the Regio League, an organ of the Swiss Ice Hockey Federation.