hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
144th Operations Group
The 144th Operations Group is a unit of the California Air National Guard, stationed at Fresno Air National Guard Base.  It is the operational element of the 144th Fighter Wing.  The group was activated in 1943 as the 372nd Fighter Group, an Operational Training Unit, but after moving to Louisiana, it also provided air support for military exercises and maneuvers.  It was inactivated following the end of World War II on 7 November 1945.

The following May, it was redesignated the 144th Fighter Group and allotted to the National Guard Bureau, although it was not organized until 1948.  It served in the California National Guard as a fighter unit until inactivating in 1976, when Air National Guard groups located on the same stations were eliminated.  The group was redesignated the 144th Operations Group and activated in 1992, when the Air Nationa Guard reorganized its units under the Objective Wing organization of the regular Air Force.

61st Fighter Wing
The 61st Fighter Wing (61 FW) is a disbanded unit of the United States Air Force, last stationed at Hayward Municipal Airport, Hayward, California. It was withdrawn from the California Air National Guard (CA ANG) and inactivated on 31 October 1950.

This wing is not related to the 61st Troop Carrier Wing, Medium, or subsequent units that was constituted and activated on 1 July 1948.
138th (Lincoln and Leicester) Brigade
The 138th (Lincoln and Leicester) Brigade was an infantry brigade of the British Army that saw active service in the First World War with the 46th (North Midland) Division. The brigade again saw active service in the Second World War, with the 46th Infantry Division.

John Brunt
Captain John Henry Cound Brunt, VC, MC (6 December 1922 – 10 December 1944) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

He served in the Italian campaign during the Second World War and was twice decorated for bravery in action before he was killed by mortar fire the day after his VC action.
Analytoceras
Analytoceras is an extinct genus of cephalopod belonging to the Ammonite subclass that lived during the early Jurassic. Analytoceras, named by Alpheus Hyatt in 1900, is a lytoceratid and only member of the pleuroacanthitid subfamily Analytoceratinae, which has the same characters as its genus.

Shell characters: inner whorls constricted, middle with parabolic lines and conspicuous parabolic nodes, outer with sigmoidal flairs; adult body chamber with ventrolateral spines.

Pleuroacanthitidae
Pleuroacanthitidae is a small family of Lower Jurassic ammonoids that combines some characters  of the Lytoceratina, Phylloceratina, and earliest Ammonitida, as well as special characters of its own.  It is subdivided (Arkell et al., 1957) into two subfamilies, each represented by a single genus, the Pleuroacanthitinae containing Pleuroacanthites and the Analytoceratinae containing Analytoceras.
Paul Stenning
Paul David Stenning (born 12 June 1976) is an English author and ghostwriter. He has written twenty-nine books, of fiction, non-fiction, poetry and biography. The best-known of his books is The Robert Pattinson Album, a biography of Robert Pattinson, first published in 2009 and appearing in seven languages since then.

Cherie Lunghi
Cherie Mary Lunghi (born 4 April 1952) is an English film, television, theatre actress and voice-over artist. She is known for her roles in many British  dramas. Her international fame stems from her role as Guenevere in the 1981 film Excalibur. Lunghi's long list of screen, stage and TV credits include football manager Gabriella Benson in the 1990s television series The Manageress and a series of advertisements for Kenco coffee. She also competed in the 2008 series of Strictly Come Dancing. She is the mother of the actress Nathalie Lunghi.
Čačak
Čačak (Serbian Cyrillic: Чачак, pronounced [tʃǎːtʃak]) is a city and the administrative center of the Moravica District in central Serbia. It is located in the West Morava Valley. According to the 2022 census, the city itself has a population of 69,598 while the city administrative area has 105,612 inhabitants.

The city lies about 144 km south of the Serbian capital, Belgrade. It is also located near the Ovčar-Kablar Gorge ("Serbian Mount Athos"), with over 30 monasteries built in the gorge since the 14th century.

West Morava
The West Morava (Serbian: Западна Морава, romanized: Zapadna Morava, pronounced [zâːpadnaː mɔ̝̌rav̞a]) is a river in Central Serbia, a 184-km long headstream of the Great Morava, which it forms with the South Morava. It was known as Brongus in antiquity.
Harry Bensley
Harry Bensley (1876 or 1877 – 21 May 1956) was an English rake and adventurer, best remembered as the subject of an extraordinary wager between John Pierpont Morgan and Hugh Cecil Lowther, 5th Earl of Lonsdale. How much of his story is based on fact is unclear.

Bensley was from Thetford in Norfolk, England. In 1904 he was sentenced to four years' penal servitude for bigamy and fraud: he had married a woman named Lily Chapman in 1903 even though he was already married to his first wife, Kate Green, whom he had married in 1898; he had also been defrauding people by posing as the son of a knight and claiming that he was due to inherit large estates in Norfolk. By 1907 he was a businessman and investor, working particularly in Imperial Russia and reputedly received an income of £5,000 a year.

Hugh Lowther, 5th Earl of Lonsdale
Hugh Cecil Lowther, 5th Earl of Lonsdale, KG, GCVO, DL (25 January 1857–13 April 1944) was an English peer and sportsman. He was president of Bertram Mills Olympia Circus and a vice-president of the RSPCA.
Tiger Cubs II
Tiger Cubs II (Chinese: 飛虎II; Cantonese Yale: Fēi Fú; literally "flying tigers 2"), alternatively titled Special Duties Unit II, is a 2014 Hong Kong police procedural television drama produced by TVB under executive producer Lam Chi-wah. The serial premiered on Sunday, 19 October 2014 on Jade, HD Jade in Hong Kong, TVBJ in Australia, Singapore and Astro Wah Lai Toi, Astro Wah Lai Toi HD in Malaysia. It stars Joe Ma, Linda Chung, Him Law, Oscar Leung, Mandy Wong, Benjamin Yuen and Christine Kuo as the casts of the second installment. It over the time slot previously occupied by Shades of Life.

It is the sequel to Tiger Cubs, which was aired in the summer of 2012. The series follow a fictional team of elite paramilitary officers from the Special Duties Unit of the Hong Kong police force, a team that specialises in counter-terrorism, hostage rescue, and crimes that are deemed too dangerous for regular police to handle.

Linda Chung
Linda Chung Ka-yan (Chinese: 鍾嘉欣; pinyin: Zhōng Jiāxīn; born on 9 April 1984) is a Hong Kong-Canadian actress, singer and songwriter. She signed a long-term contract with TVB in 2004 after winning the Miss Chinese International Pageant. Chung ended her contract with TVB in early 2018.

As a singer, Chung has released four studio albums, Dinner for One, World for Two (2008), My Love Story (2009), My Private Selection (2011), and Love Love Love (2012).

Chung is currently a YouTube KOL.
I.ČLTK Prague Open
The Advantage Cars Prague Open (formerly I.ČLTK Prague Open) is a tennis tournament held in Prague, the capital of the Czech Republic. The tournament is part of the ATP Challenger Tour since 1991 (with an interruption in the years 2000, 2009–10) and the ITF Women's Circuit since 2011. It was part of the WTA Tour from 1995 until 2010. The event is held at I. ČLTK Prague on Štvanice island.

Jan Hernych is the singles record holder with three titles. Michal Tabara, Lukáš Rosol and Horacio Zeballos are the only three to win both singles and doubles in the same year.

I. ČLTK Prague
I. ČLTK Prague (Czech: I. ČLTK Praha) is a tennis club and training center located in Prague, Czech Republic. Located on Štvanice in the center of the city, it is one of the most prestigious tennis clubs in the country.
Convolution quotient
In mathematics, a space of convolution quotients is a field of fractions of a convolution  ring of functions: a convolution quotient is to the operation of convolution as a quotient of integers is to multiplication.  The construction of convolution quotients allows easy algebraic representation of the Dirac delta function, integral operator, and differential operator without having to deal directly with integral transforms, which are often subject to technical difficulties with respect to whether they converge.

Field of fractions
In abstract algebra, the field of fractions of an integral domain is the smallest field in which it can be embedded. The construction of the field of fractions is modeled on the relationship between the integral domain of integers and the field of rational numbers. Intuitively, it consists of ratios between integral domain elements.

The field of fractions of an integral domain  is sometimes denoted by  or , and the construction is sometimes also called the fraction field, field of quotients, or quotient field of .  All four are in common usage, but are not to be confused with the quotient of a ring by an ideal, which is a quite different concept. For a commutative ring that is not an integral domain, the analogous construction is called the localization or ring of quotients.
Canadian Jewish Book Awards
The Helen and Stan Vine Canadian Jewish Book Awards were a Canadian program of literary awards, managed, produced and presented annually by the Koffler Centre of the Arts to works judged to be the year's best works of literature by Jewish Canadian writers or on Jewish cultural and historical topics.

In December 2014, The Koffler Centre of the Arts announced that the Awards were being "put on hiatus for 2015 and will resume, invigorated and reinvented, in 2016" as the Koffler recalibrates and revamps several of its current programs. In its place, a group of jury members formed the Canadian Jewish Literary Awards for 2015.

In February 2016, after a one-year hiatus, the Koffler Centre of the Arts relaunched the awards as the Vine Awards for Canadian Jewish Literature.

The new awards have five categories, each with a $10,000 prize.

Fiction

Non-Fiction

History

Young Adult/Children's Literature

Poetry (awarded every three years)

Seymour Mayne
Seymour Mayne (born 1944 in Montreal, Quebec) is a Canadian author, editor, translator of more than seventy books and monographs, and creative writing professor at the University of Ottawa. As he has written about the Jewish Canadian poets, his work is recognizable by its emphasis on the human dimension, the translation of the experience of the immigrant and the outsider, the finding of joy in the face of adversity, and the linking with tradition and a strong concern with history in its widest sense.
Kirkliston
Kirkliston is a village and parish to the west of Edinburgh, Scotland, historically within the county of West Lothian but now within the City of Edinburgh council area limits. It lies on high ground immediately north of a northward loop of the Almond, on the old road between Edinburgh and Linlithgow (the B9080, now cut off by Edinburgh Airport), having a crossroads with the road from Newbridge to Queensferry and beyond to Fife (the B800). The B800 is variously named Path Brae, High Street, Station Road, and Queensferry Road as it passes through the town. The B9080 is named Main Street and Stirling Road as it passes through.

City of Edinburgh Council
The City of Edinburgh Council (Scottish Gaelic: Comhairle Baile Dhùn Èideann) is the local government authority covering the City of Edinburgh council area. Almost half of the council area is the built-up area of Edinburgh, capital of Scotland. With a population of 530,680 in 2024, it is the second most populous local authority area in Scotland.

The council took on its current form in 1996 under the Local Government etc. (Scotland) Act 1994, replacing the City of Edinburgh District Council of the Lothian region, which had been created in 1975. The history of local government in Edinburgh, however, stretches back much further. Around 1130, David I made the town a royal burgh and a burgh council, based at the Old Tolbooth is recorded continuously from the 14th century.

The council is currently based in Edinburgh City Chambers with a main office nearby at Waverley Court.
Sonol gas station bombing
The Sonol gas station bombing was a double suicide bombing attack which occurred on October 27, 2002, near a Sonol gas station located at the entrance to Ariel, an Israeli settlement city in the West Bank. Three people were killed in the attack and approximately 18 people were injured. All of the fatalities were IDF reservists. Hamas claimed responsibility for the attack.

Sonol
Sonol Israel or Sonol (Hebrew: סונול), is an Israeli fuel provider and the country's third largest gas station chain. The company traces its roots back to 1917 and World War I. Sonol has been indirectly controlled by the Azrieli Group since 2006.
Premont Independent School District
The Premont Independent School District is a public school district based in the city of Premont, Texas, United States.

The district is about 70 miles (110 km) south of Corpus Christi. In addition to Premont, the district serves rural areas in southern Jim Wells and southeastern Duval counties, including the unincorporated communities of Cruz Calle and Rios. High school aged students living in La Gloria Independent School District may attend Premont High or Falfurrias High School of Brooks County Independent School District.

Premont ISD is a Conference AA school and part of the University Interscholastic League (UIL) Region IV District 32 schools.

Duval County, Texas
Duval County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 9,831. Its county seat is San Diego. The county was founded in 1858 and later organized in 1876. It is named for Burr H. Duval, a soldier in the Texas Revolution who died in the Goliad Massacre.
Alliance Bank of Simla
The Alliance Bank of Simla was a British-run though India-registered bank that commenced operations in Simla in 1874 under the management of James Lewis Walker. The bank was established to take over the business of the United Bank of India, established in 1866, which had operations in Simla and Umballa. Its board put the United Bank of India in voluntary liquidation on 21 March 1874, and Alliance Bank commenced operations two days later. After 49 years, Alliance Bank failed on 27 April 1923 due to speculation by its management.  At the time that it failed it had 36 branches, including ones in Lahore, Lucknow, Peshawar, Rawalpindi, and Rangoon.

Worplesdon Place Hotel, Guildford
Worplesdon Place Hotel near Guildford, Surrey is a house of historical significance. It appears to have been built in about 1845 by Sir William Bovill. It was a private residence for the next 100 years and was owned by several notable people. In the 1950s it became a hotel and still operates in this manner today. The hotel provides accommodation and restaurant facilities and caters for special events particularly weddings.
Derastus Clapp
Derastus Clapp (May 1, 1792 – June 1, 1881) was head of the first city detective bureau in the United States, located in Boston, Massachusetts.  He was appointed to the office of constable by the elderly Mayor Josiah Quincy in 1828, and was reappointed every succeeding year to 1874. In 1848, he was promoted to be one of the first detectives in the city. Clapp is most noted for his role in the arrest and prosecution of John White Webster for the murder of George Parkman.

George Parkman
George Parkman (February 19, 1790 – November 23, 1849), a Boston Brahmin and a member of one of Boston's richest families, was a prominent physician, businessman, and philanthropist, as well the victim in the sensationally gruesome Parkman–Webster murder case, which shook Boston in 1849–1850.
Volga, West Virginia
Volga is an unincorporated community in Barbour County, West Virginia, United States. Volga is 7.5 miles (12.1 km) southwest of Philippi. Volga has a post office with ZIP code 26238.

An early variant name was Burnersville; the name Volga is a transfer from the Volga River in Europe.

Barbour County, West Virginia
Barbour County is a county in north central West Virginia, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 15,465. The county seat is Philippi, which was chartered in 1844. Both county and city were named for Philip P. Barbour (1783–1841), a U.S. Congressman from Virginia and Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. The county was formed in 1843 when the region was still part of the state of Virginia. In 1871, a small part of Barbour County was transferred to Tucker County, West Virginia.

The Battle of Philippi, also known as the "Philippi Races", was fought in Barbour County on June 3, 1861. Although a minor action, it is generally considered the first land engagement of the American Civil War.

For 114 years (1909-2023), Barbour County was home to Alderson-Broaddus College (later Alderson Broaddus University), an American Baptist institution. Its four-year Physician Assistant (PA) baccalaureate program was the first such anywhere.
Vinja Vas
Vinja Vas (pronounced [ˈʋiːnja ˈʋaːs]; Slovene: Vinja vas) is a settlement in the Gorjanci Mountains in the City Municipality of Novo Mesto in southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

A small chapel with a belfry in the western part of the settlement is dedicated to Mary Help of Christians and belongs to the Parish of Podgrad. It was built in 1905 in a Neo-Romanesque style.

Urban Municipality of Novo Mesto
The Urban Municipality of Novo Mesto (pronounced [ˈnɔːʋɔ ˈmeːstɔ]; Slovene: Mestna občina Novo mesto) is a municipality in southeastern Slovenia, close to the border with Croatia. The seat of the municipality is the city of Novo Mesto. The Municipality of Novo Mesto is part of the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. It borders Croatia on the Gorjanci Hills.
1933 Indianapolis 500
The 21st International 500-Mile Sweepstakes Race was held at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway on Tuesday, May 30, 1933. Louis Meyer defeated Wilbur Shaw by a time of 401.89 seconds (6.69 minutes). The average speed of the race was 104.162 miles per hour (167.632 km/h) while Bill Cummings achieved the pole position with a speed of 118.521 miles per hour (190.741 km/h). The race was part of the 1933 AAA Championship Car season.

Meyer was accompanied by riding mechanic Lawson Harris.

The 1933 month of May at Indianapolis was the deadliest running of the 500. Five participants were fatally injured. During practice, Bill Denver and his riding mechanic Bob Hurst were killed in a crash. On race day, Mark Billman was killed in a crash on lap 79 while Lester Spangler and his riding mechanic G.L. "Monk" Jordan were killed in a crash on lap 132. It was the fifth straight year at least one competitor died in a crash during the month.

Lester Spangler
Lester Spangler (January 15, 1906 – May 30, 1933) was an American racing driver. Spangler raced with great success at Los Angeles' Legion Ascot Speedway, which led him to move up to AAA Championship Car racing.
Sahir Ali Bagga
Sahir Ali Bagga is a Pakistani singer, music director and composer from Lahore, who composes music for Lollywood and other independent singers.

Recently he has composed music for the Pakistani movie, Zinda Bhaag (2013). He also worked on the soundtrack of Pakistani movies, Hijrat (2016) and Tamanna (2014), contributing two songs to the latter; Koi Dil Mein and Chell Oi.

He has also composed music of Hum TV's Ishq-e-Benaam. He gained some added recognition by appearing on Coke Studio (Pakistan). "Yeh mumkin tou nahin", "Malang", "Baazi", "Rab Waaris", "Roye Roye", "Dhola" and "Badnamiyan" are his famous soundtracks.

Tamanna (2014 film)
Tamanna (Urdu: تمنا; transl. Desire) is 2014 British-Pakistani film distributed by Royal Palm Group t/a Summit Entertainment (Pak) and Super Cinema and ARY Films and produced by Concordia Productions. A drama in the neo-noir genre the film is directed by a British director Steven Moore and produced by Pakistani producer Sarah Tareen. The film stars Omair Rana, Salman Shahid, Mehreen Raheel and Faryal Gohar.

Prior to release the film won an award at the London Asian Film Festival for the first released song by Rahat Fateh Ali Khan. Other songs included in the film are sung by Ali Azmat and Amanat Ali. The original score for the film was written by Arthur Rathbone Pullen son of Booker Prize nominee and best selling English author Julian Rathbone.
Natsuhiko Kyogoku
Natsuhiko Kyogoku (京極 夏彦, Kyōgoku Natsuhiko, born March 26, 1963) is a Japanese mystery writer, who is a member of Ōsawa Office. He is a member of the Mystery Writers of Japan and the Honkaku Mystery Writers Club of Japan.

Three of his novels have been turned into feature films; Mōryō no Hako, which won the 1996 Mystery Writers of Japan Award, was also made into an anime television series, as was Kosetsu Hyaku Monogatari, and his book Loups=Garous was adapted into an anime feature film. Vertical have published his debut novel as The Summer of the Ubume.

Naoki Prize
The Naoki Prize, officially Naoki Sanjugo Prize (直木三十五賞, Naoki Sanjūgo Shō), is a Japanese literary award presented biannually. It was created in 1935 by Kikuchi Kan, then editor of the Bungeishunjū magazine, and named in memory of novelist Naoki Sanjugo. Sponsored by the Society for the Promotion of Japanese Literature, the award recognizes "the best work of popular literature in any format by a new, rising, or (reasonably young) established author." The winner receives a watch and one million yen.

Kikuchi founded the Naoki Prize with the Akutagawa Prize, which targets a new or rising author of literary fiction. The two prizes are viewed as "two sides of the same coin" and inseparable from one another. Because of the prestige associated with the Naoki Prize and the considerable attention the winner receives from the media, it, along with the Akutagawa Prize, is one of Japan's most sought after literary awards of recognition.
2019–20 Green Bay Phoenix men's basketball team
The 2019–20 Green Bay Phoenix men's basketball team represented the University of Wisconsin–Green Bay in the 2019–20 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Phoenix, led by fifth-year head coach Linc Darner, played their home games at the Resch Center in Ashwaubenon, Wisconsin and the Kress Events Center in Green Bay, Wisconsin as members of the Horizon League. They finished the season 17–16, 11–7 in Horizon League play to finish in third place. They defeated Oakland in the quarterfinals of the Horizon League tournament before losing in the semifinals to Northern Kentucky.

On May 17, 2020, head coach Linc Darner was fired. He finished at Green Bay with a five-year record of 92–80.

2019–20 Oakland Golden Grizzlies men's basketball team
The 2019–20 Oakland Golden Grizzlies men's basketball team represented Oakland University in the 2019–20 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Golden Grizzlies, led by 36th-year head coach Greg Kampe, played their home games at the Athletics Center O'rena in Auburn Hills, Michigan as members of the Horizon League. They finished the season 14–19, 8–10 in Horizon League play to finish in sixth place. They defeated Cleveland State in the first round of the Horizon League tournament before losing in the quarterfinals to Green Bay.