hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1968 (album)
1968 is the seventh studio album by French singer France Gall, released in January 1968 on Philips Records. Released during the decline of the yé-yé era, the album features a psychedelic sound influenced by the Beatles' Revolver and Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band.

The album is a compilation of the extended plays La Petite (1967), Teenie Weenie Boppie (1967), and Chanson indienne (1968). However, the album features the song "Avant la bagarre", instead of the La Petite track "Polichinelle".

France Gall
Isabelle Geneviève Marie Anne Gall (9 October 1947 – 7 January 2018), known professionally as France Gall (French: [fʁãs gal] ⓘ), was a French yé-yé and pop singer. In 1965, at the age of 17, she won the tenth edition of the Eurovision Song Contest with the song "Poupée de cire, poupée de son", representing Luxembourg. Later in her career, she  worked with singer-songwriter Michel Berger, whom she married in 1976. Her most successful singles include "Il jouait du piano debout", "Ella, elle l'a" and "Évidemment".
Christopher Kelk Ingold
Sir Christopher Kelk Ingold BEM FRS (28 October 1893 – 8 December 1970) was a British chemist based in Leeds and London. His groundbreaking work in the 1920s and 1930s on reaction mechanisms and the electronic structure of organic compounds was responsible for the introduction into mainstream chemistry of concepts such as nucleophile, electrophile, inductive and resonance effects, and such descriptors as SN1, SN2, E1, and E2 now known as the Hughes–Ingold symbols. He also was a co-author of the Cahn–Ingold–Prelog priority rules. Ingold is regarded as one of the chief pioneers of physical organic chemistry.

SN2 reaction
The bimolecular nucleophilic substitution (SN2) is a type of reaction mechanism that is common in organic chemistry. In the SN2 reaction, a strong nucleophile forms a new bond to an sp3-hybridised carbon atom via a backside attack, all while the leaving group detaches from the reaction center in a concerted (i.e. simultaneous) fashion.

The name SN2 refers to the Hughes-Ingold symbol of the mechanism:  "SN" indicates that the reaction is a nucleophilic substitution, and "2" that it proceeds via a bimolecular mechanism, which means both the reacting species are involved in the rate-determining step. What distinguishes SN2 from the other major type of nucleophilic substitution, the SN1 reaction, is that the displacement of the leaving group, which is the rate-determining step, is separate from the nucleophilic attack in SN1.

The SN2 reaction can be considered as an organic-chemistry analogue of the associative substitution from the field of inorganic chemistry.
Lipid peroxidation
Lipid peroxidation, or lipid oxidation, is a complex chemical process that leads to oxidative degradation of lipids, resulting in the formation of peroxide and hydroperoxide derivatives. It occurs when free radicals, specifically reactive oxygen species (ROS), interact with lipids within cell membranes, typically polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) as they have carbon–carbon double bonds. This reaction leads to the formation of lipid radicals, collectively referred to as lipid peroxides or lipid oxidation products (LOPs), which in turn react with other oxidizing agents, leading to a chain reaction that results in oxidative stress and cell damage.

In pathology and medicine, lipid peroxidation plays a role in cell damage which has broadly been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases and disease states, including ageing, whereas in food science lipid peroxidation is one of many pathways to rancidity.

Reactive oxygen species
In chemistry and biology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemicals formed from diatomic oxygen (O2), water, and hydrogen peroxide. Some prominent ROS are the hydroperoxide radical or hydroperoxyl (HO2), superoxide (O2−), the hydroxyl radical (OH.), and singlet oxygen(1O2).  ROS are pervasive because they are readily produced from O2, which is abundant.  ROS are important in many ways, both beneficial and otherwise.  ROS function as signals, that turn on and off biological functions.  They are intermediates in the redox behavior of O2, which is central to fuel cells.  ROS are central to the photodegradation of organic pollutants in the atmosphere.  Most often, however, ROS are discussed in a biological context, ranging from their effects on aging and their role in causing dangerous genetic mutations.
Muscle Atrophy Research and Exercise System
The Muscle Atrophy Research and Exercise System (MARES), part of the Human Research Facility (HRF), was launched on 5 April 2010 (STS-131) in a stowed position inside the HRF MARES Rack, integrated into a Multi-Purpose Logistics Module (MPLM) and transported to the International Space Station. When deployed, MARES was attached to the seat tracks of an International Standard Payload Rack (ISPR) located in the Columbus Laboratory.

MARES provides a flexible and accurate tool for studying the muscle-skeletal system in the microgravity environment. It will serve both the space research/human physiology communities, as well as the Medical Operations (MEDOPS) officers, who are responsible for maintaining crew health during long-duration space flight. MARES is capable of providing quantifiable stimuli to a wide range of space flight participants and accurately measuring these crew-members' muscle performance.

STS-131
STS-131 (ISS assembly flight 19A) was a NASA Space Shuttle mission to the International Space Station (ISS).  Space Shuttle Discovery launched on April 5, 2010, at 6:21 am from LC-39A, and landed at 9:08 am on April 20, 2010, on runway 33 at the Kennedy Space Center's Shuttle Landing Facility. The mission marked the longest flight for Space Shuttle Discovery and its 38th and penultimate flight.

The primary payload was a Multi-Purpose Logistics Module loaded with supplies and equipment for the International Space Station. The mission also removed and replaced an ammonia tank assembly outside the station on the S1 truss. STS-131 furthermore carried several on-board payloads; this mission had the most payloads since STS-107. It is also the last shuttle mission with a crew of 7.
John Bryan (art director)
Eric John Bryan Pratt (12 August 1911 – 10 June 1969), known professionally as John Bryan, was a British art director and film producer.

John Bryan was born in Kensington, London, England. He won the Oscar for Best Art Direction for the film Great Expectations in 1948. He was nominated twice more, for Caesar and Cleopatra in 1947 and for Becket in 1965. Bryan also won a BAFTA for Becket.

In 1959, he was a member of the jury at the 9th Berlin International Film Festival.

He died from cancer at a hospital in Thames Ditton, Surrey, on 10 June 1969.

9th Berlin International Film Festival
The 9th annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 26 June to 7 July 1959. The festival welcomed the cinematic movement known as the French New Wave and screened the work of directors such as Jean-Luc Godard, Agnès Varda and François Truffaut.

The Golden Bear was awarded to Les Cousins directed by Claude Chabrol.
3rd National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party
The 3rd National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held in Guangzhou at 31 Xuguyuan Road between 12 June and 20 June 1923. It succeeded the 2nd National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party and preceded the 4th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. The congress was attended by 40 representatives across China and Moscow representing 420 party members of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).

The congress was hosted by Chen Duxiu, with participation from Li Dazhao, Zhang Guotao, Tan Pingshan, Cai Hesen, Chen Tanqiu, Luo Zhanglong, and Henk Sneevliet (representing the Comintern). Sneevilet briefed congress regarding the inquiries by the Comintern related to the cooperation between the CCP and Kuomintang. The congress held elections to appoint members in the 3rd Central Executive Committee of the Chinese Communist Party and drafted resolutions of the 3rd Congress.

The Internationale
"The Internationale" is an international anthem that has been adopted as the anthem of various anarchist, communist, socialist and social democratic movements. It has been a standard of the socialist movement since the late nineteenth century, when the Second International adopted it as its official anthem. The title arises from the "First International", an alliance of workers, which held a congress in 1864. The author of the anthem's lyrics, Eugène Pottier, a member of the French branch of the organisation, attended this congress. Pottier's text was later set to an original melody composed by Pierre De Geyter, a member of the Parti ouvrier français (French Workers Party) in Lille in industrial northern France.
Sinfonietta (Larsson)
The Sinfonietta in C major, Op. 10, is a three-movement composition for string orchestra written in 1932 by the Swedish composer Lars-Erik Larsson. The piece premiered in Gothenburg on 14 December 1932 with Tor Mann conducting the Gothenburg Orchestral Society. A few years later,  on 5 April 1934 at the International Society for Contemporary Music (ISCM) World Music Days in Florence, Hermann Scherchen conducted the Sinfonietta to considerable acclaim, scoring for Larsson the first international success of his career. In response, Universal Edition in Vienna signed a contract with the composer and published a number of his early works, among them the Sinfonietta, the Little Serenade (Liten serenad; Op. 12, 1934), and the Concert Overture No. 2 (Konsertouverture Nr. 2; Op. 13, 1934).

Lars-Erik Larsson
Lars-Erik Vilner Larsson (15 May 1908 – 27 December 1986) was a Swedish composer, conductor, radio producer, and educator. He wrote three of the most popular works (each a suite) in Swedish art music: A Winter's Tale (En vintersaga; 1937–1938), the Pastoral Suite (Pastoralsvit; 1938), and God in Disguise (Förklädd gud; 1940). Other notable works by Larsson include three symphonies, a sinfonietta, and numerous concertante works.
Lake Woods
Lake Woods is an ephemeral freshwater lake in the Northern Territory of Australia.  It lies on Newcastle Creek close to the small town of Elliott on the Stuart Highway, about halfway between Darwin and Alice Springs.  It is important as a breeding site for waterbirds.

Elliott, Northern Territory
Elliott (Jingili: Kulumindini) is a town in Northern Territory of Australia. It is almost halfway between Darwin and Alice Springs on the Stuart Highway. The town is in the Yapurkulangu ward of the Barkly Region. At the 2021 census, Elliott had a population of 287.
Narpala mandal
Narpala mandal is one of the 31 mandals in Anantapur district of the state of Andhra Pradesh in India. It is under the administration of Anantapuramu revenue division and the headquarters are located at Narpala town.

Anantapur district
Anantapur district, officially Ananthapuramu district, is one of the eight districts in the Rayalaseema region of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The district headquarters is located in Anantapur city. It is one of the driest places in South India.  In the year 2022, as part of re-organisation of districts, Sri Sathya Sai district was carved out.
Kibōteki Refrain
"Kibōteki Refrain" (希望的リフレイン, Kibōteki Rifurein; also "Kibouteki Refrain", lit. Hopeful Refrain) is the 38th single by the Japanese idol girl group AKB48. The personnel that were chosen to sing in the song was revealed during the group's fifth rock-paper-scissors tournament. The song premiered during All Star Kanshasai 2014 on TV channel TBS. It was released in Japan on November 26, 2014. It was the second best-selling single of the year in Japan, with 1,156,706 copies.

In 2022, an edited version of this song performed by Yumi Chung, Chantel Yiu, Aska Cheung and Archie Sin from Hong Kong, used for saying no to drugs.

On 29 October 2023 Thai version of "Kibōteki Refrain" has been sung by the combination members of BNK48 and CGM48.

Mion Mukaichi
Mion Mukaichi (向井地 美音, Mukaichi Mion; born 29 January 1998) is a Japanese idol singer and former child actress. She is a member of the girl group AKB48, and was the third AKB48 Group General Manager (総監督, sōkantoku). As an actress, she is best known for portraying Mio Sato in the Unfair television series and films.
Mike Aquilina
Mike Aquilina is an American Catholic author and journalist working in the area of Church history, especially patristics. He is co-founder of the St. Paul Center for Biblical Theology, a Catholic research center based in Steubenville, Ohio.

Aquilina is also a contributing editor of Angelus, and general editor of the Reclaiming Catholic History series from Ave Maria Press. He launched Way of the Fathers, a podcast produced by CatholicCulture.org, and hosted its first ninety-nine episodes.

Joe Bonamassa
Joseph Leonard Bonamassa (/ˌbɑːnəˈmɑːsə/ BAH-nə-MAH-sə; born May 8, 1977) is an American blues rock guitarist, singer and songwriter. He started his career at age twelve, when he opened for B.B. King. Since 2000, Bonamassa has released fifteen solo albums through his independent record label J&R Adventures, of which eleven have reached No. 1 on the Billboard Blues chart.

Bonamassa has played alongside many notable blues and rock artists, and has earned three Grammy Awards nominations. Among guitarists, he is known for his extensive collection of vintage guitars and amplifiers.

In 2020, Bonamassa created Keeping the Blues Alive Records, an independent record label that promotes and supports the talent of blues musicians.  Notable artists include Dion, Joanne Shaw Taylor, Joanna Connor, and Larry McCray. Bonamassa produces and collaborates on many of the projects.
Nanny (short story)
"Nanny" is a science fiction short story by American writer Philip K. Dick, first published in 1955 in Startling Stories and later in The Collected Stories of Philip K. Dick. It has since been republished several times, including in Beyond Lies the Wub in 1988.

Beyond Lies the Wub (collection)
Beyond Lies the Wub is a collection of science fiction stories by American writer Philip K. Dick.  It was first published by Gollancz in 1988 and later comprised Volume I of The Collected Stories of Philip K. Dick.  Many of the stories had originally appeared in the magazines Fantasy and Science Fiction, Planet Stories, If, Galaxy Science Fiction, Imagination, Space Science Fiction, Fantastic Story Magazine, Amazing Stories, Future, Cosmos, Fantasy Fiction, Beyond Fantasy Fiction, Thrilling Wonder Stories, Startling Stories.  The collection was reprinted by Citadel Press in 2003 under the title Paycheck and Other Classic Stories.
Osówiec Szlachecki
Osówiec Szlachecki (Polish pronunciation: [ɔˈsuvjɛts ʂlaˈxɛtskʲi]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Przasnysz, within Przasnysz County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland.

Gmina Przasnysz
Gmina Przasnysz is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Przasnysz County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przasnysz, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 183.91 square kilometres (71.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,165 (7,351 in 2013).
Woman Basketball Player No. 5
Woman Basketball Player No. 5 (simplified Chinese: 女篮5号; traditional Chinese: 女籃5號; pinyin: Nǚlán Wǔ Hào) is a 1957 Chinese film presented by Tianma Film Studio and directed by Xie Jin, starring Qin Yi, Liu Qiong, Cao Qiwei and Wang Qi. It is the first colored sports movie filmed after the formation of the People's Republic of China. Yang Jie (杨洁), who was No. 5 in China women's national basketball team, was the prototype of the film.

China women's national basketball team
The China women's national basketball team represents the People's Republic of China in international women's basketball tournaments. The national team is governed by the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA).
Fanfare (song)
"Fanfare" is a song recorded by South Korean girl group Twice. It is the group's sixth Japanese maxi single, featuring three other tracks. It was pre-released for digital download and streaming on June 19, 2020, by Warner Music Japan as the first single from their third Japanese studio album, Perfect World. The single and its B-side, "More & More" (Japanese version), were physically released on July 8 in Japan.

Perfect World (Twice album)
Perfect World is the third Japanese studio album (fifth overall) by South Korean girl group Twice. It was released on July 28, 2021, by Warner Music Japan. The album features 10 tracks, including the title track, "Perfect World", and three previously released singles, "Fanfare", "Better", and "Kura Kura". Lyrically, the album expresses various forms of love, including love for fans, family, and friends.
Jefferson, Cleveland
Jefferson is a neighborhood on the West Side of Cleveland, Ohio. It is bounded by the neighborhoods of West Boulevard and Cudell and the village of Linndale to the east, Bellaire–Puritas to the south, Kamm's Corners to the west, and the streetcar suburb of Lakewood to the north.  It is one of four sub-neighborhoods that comprise the larger historical neighborhood of West Park, the others being Kamm's Corners, Bellaire–Puritas, and Hopkins.

As of 2019, the neighborhood has an estimated foreign-born population of 14.3%, with immigrants from Latin America (especially El Salvador and Mexico), the Middle East, Romania, and Vietnam. The Variety Theatre at West 118th and Lorain is one of the major landmarks of Jefferson.  Originally built in 1927 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places, it has been renovated and came under new ownership in 2022.

Linndale, Ohio
Linndale is the smallest village in Cuyahoga County, Ohio, United States. It is landlocked, surrounded by the city of Cleveland and the suburb of Brooklyn. According to the 2020 census, the population was 108.
Whitening transformation
A whitening transformation or sphering transformation is a linear transformation that transforms a vector of random variables with a known covariance matrix into a set of new variables whose covariance is the identity matrix, meaning that they are uncorrelated and each have variance 1. The transformation is called "whitening" because it changes the input vector into a white noise vector.

Several other transformations are closely related to whitening:

the decorrelation transform removes only the correlations but leaves variances intact,

the standardization transform sets variances to 1 but leaves correlations intact,

a coloring transformation transforms a vector of white random variables into a random vector with a specified covariance matrix.

Covariance matrix
In probability theory and statistics, a covariance matrix (also known as auto-covariance matrix, dispersion matrix, variance matrix, or variance–covariance matrix) is a square matrix giving the covariance between each pair of elements of a given random vector.

Intuitively, the covariance matrix generalizes the notion of variance to multiple dimensions. As an example, the variation in a collection of random points in two-dimensional space cannot be characterized fully by a single number, nor would the variances in the  and  directions contain all of the necessary information; a  matrix would be necessary to fully characterize the two-dimensional variation.

Any covariance matrix is symmetric and positive semi-definite and its main diagonal contains variances (i.e., the covariance of each element with itself).

The covariance matrix of a random vector  is typically denoted by ,  or .
The Cave (2009 film)
The Cave (Tsilhqot'in: ?E?anx) is a Canadian short science fiction film, directed by Helen Haig-Brown and released in 2009. The first science fiction film shot in an Indigenous Canadian language, the film adapts a Tsilhqot'in tale about a man who discovers a portal to the spirit world while hunting a bear.

The film stars Edmund Lulua as the hunter, and Kelly William as his spirit world guide. Narration is provided by the original tape recording of the story, which was first recorded by Haig-Brown's great uncle.

The film was produced as part of the Embargo Collective, a project spearheaded by the ImagineNATIVE Film and Media Arts Festival to commission the creation of short films in indigenous languages. It was shot in summer 2009 in the Nemaiah Valley near Williams Lake, British Columbia, and premiered at ImagineNATIVE in October 2009.

The film was named to the Toronto International Film Festival's annual year-end Canada's Top Ten list for 2009.

ImagineNATIVE Film and Media Arts Festival
The imagineNATIVE Film + Media Arts Festival is the world's largest Indigenous-focused film and media arts festival, held annually in Toronto. The festival focuses on the film, video, radio, and new media work of Indigenous, Aboriginal and First Peoples from around the world. The festival includes screenings, parties, panel discussions, and cultural events.

As an organization, imagineNATIVE supports the creation of new works through their commissioning program, and national outreach to and for Indigenous communities through various off-site programs throughout the year. imagineNATIVE also commissions industry reports on the status of Indigenous film production in Canada.

Held in October each year for most of its history, in February 2024 the festival announced that it would not be held that year, and will shift to June in 2025.
Voice Over (film)
Voice Over (Spanish: La voz en off) is a 2014 Chilean drama film directed by Cristián Jiménez. It was selected to be screened in the Contemporary World Cinema section at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival.

2014 Toronto International Film Festival
The 39th annual Toronto International Film Festival, the 39th event in the Toronto International Film Festival series,  was held in Canada from 4–14 September 2014. David Dobkin's film The Judge, starring Robert Downey Jr. and Robert Duvall was the opening night film. A Little Chaos, a British period drama directed by Alan Rickman and starring Kate Winslet closed the festival. More films for each section were announced on 12 August, with the line-up completed on 19 August. A total of 393 films were shown, including 143 world premieres. The first Friday was dubbed "Bill Murray Day", as festival organisers dedicated a day to the actor by screening a select number of his films for free.
George Hartland
George Albert Hartland (14 July 1884 – 18 July 1944) was a British Conservative Party politician. He was a member of parliament (MP) for Norwich from 1931 to 1935. He was educated at St. Francis Xavier's College, Liverpool. He served with the Liverpool Scottish during the First World War.

St Francis Xavier's College, Liverpool
St Francis Xavier's College (abbreviated SFX) is an 11–18 boys Roman Catholic secondary school and sixth form with academy status located in Woolton, Liverpool, England. The college is under the trusteeship of the Brothers of Christian Instruction. Their mission is that of their founder, Jean Marie de la Mennais, "To make Jesus better known and loved". By October 2021, a total of 1,097 boys attended the school, 108 of whom were in the Sixth Form provision.

The school is a specialist school for mathematics and computing, and was the first school in Liverpool to gain specialist school status in that category. The schools most recent inspection by Ofsted took place in October 2021, and inspectors concluded that the school "required improvement" across all areas, including quality of education provided, behaviour and attitude of pupils attending the school, as well as leadership and management.