hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lobry de Bruyn–Van Ekenstein transformation
In carbohydrate chemistry, the Lobry de Bruyn–Van Ekenstein transformation also known as the Lobry de Bruyn–Alberda van Ekenstein transformation is the base or acid catalyzed transformation of an aldose into the ketose isomer or vice versa, with a tautomeric enediol as reaction intermediate. Ketoses may be transformed into 3-ketoses, etcetera. The enediol is also an intermediate for the epimerization of an aldose or ketose.

The reactions are usually base catalyzed, but can also take place under acid or neutral conditions. A typical rearrangement reaction is that between the aldose glyceraldehyde and the ketose dihydroxyacetone in a chemical equilibrium.

The Lobry de Bruyn–Van Ekenstein transformation is relevant for the industrial production of certain ketoses and was discovered in 1885 by Cornelis Adriaan Lobry van Troostenburg de Bruyn and Willem Alberda van Ekenstein.

Willem Alberda van Ekenstein
Willem Alberda van Ekenstein (March 28, 1858 – May 5, 1937) was a Dutch chemist and discovered the Lobry de Bruyn–van Ekenstein transformation together with Adriaan Lobry van Troostenburg de Bruyn.

Ekenstein studied chemistry from 1876 till 1879 at the Delft University of Technology later he worked at the University of Amsterdam, University of Groningen, Dutch National Sugar Laboratory in Amsterdam.
Ozonolysis
In organic chemistry, ozonolysis is an organic reaction where the unsaturated bonds are cleaved with ozone (O3). Multiple carbon–carbon bond are replaced by carbonyl (C=O) groups, such as aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids. The reaction is predominantly applied to alkenes, but alkynes and azo compounds are also susceptible to cleavage. The outcome of the reaction depends on the type of multiple bond being oxidized and the work-up conditions.

Detailed procedures have been reported.

Azelaic acid
Azelaic acid (AzA), or nonanedioic acid, is an organic compound with the formula HOOC(CH2)7COOH. This saturated dicarboxylic acid exists as a white powder. It is found in wheat, rye, and barley. It is a precursor to diverse industrial products including polymers and plasticizers, as well as being a component of several hair and skin conditioners. In medicine, topical formulations of AzA are used in the treatment of acne vulgaris, where they exert antimicrobial and keratolytic effects that reduce clogged hair follicles and inflammation. In plants, AzA functions as a mobile signaling molecule that primes systemic acquired resistance against pathogens by inducing the accumulation of salicylic acid. AzA also inhibits tyrosinase.
Bay Island (Newport Beach, California)
Bay Island is a small island located halfway down Balboa Peninsula in Newport Beach, California.  It is the only island in the Newport Beach harbor islands that does not allow car traffic. The island is accessible via a small bridge that will only accommodate golf carts. The island is not accessible to the public by land, though public access to its beaches is protected by the California Constitution. It has 23 residences, a botanical garden, courtyard garden, tennis court, and several beaches.

Newport Beach, California
Newport Beach is a city in southern Orange County, California, United States. As of the 2020 census, Newport Beach had a population of 85,239. Located about 40 miles (64 km) southeast of downtown Los Angeles, Newport Beach is known for its sandy beaches. The city's harbor once supported maritime industries; today, it is used mostly for recreation. Balboa Island draws visitors with a waterfront path and easy access from the ferry to the shops and restaurants.
Yitzhak Casspi
Yitzhak Casspi (Hebrew: יצחק כספי; 1922-2017) was an Israeli footballer who played in Maccabi Netanya.

Casspi's brother Ze'ev also played professional football as a goalkeeper. Both played together in Netanya.

Maccabi Netanya F.C.
Maccabi Netanya F.C. (Hebrew: מועדון כדורגל מכבי נתניה, romanized: Moadon kaduregel Maccabi Netanya) is an Israeli professional football club based in Netanya. Established in 1934, the club was a founding member of the Israeli League in 1949. After winning their first championship in 1971, the club's golden period lasted until the late 80s, including four more league titles and a double in 1978.
Subbotin (crater)
Subbotin is a lunar impact crater that is located to the west of the larger crater Pavlov, and to the east-northeast of Lampland. Subbotin lies on the far side of the Moon, and can only be viewed from lunar orbit. It was named after the Soviet mathematician and astronomer Mikhail Subbotin.

Since its formation, this crater has been heavily battered by smaller impacts, leaving the outer rim worn and marked by several small craterlets. This pattern of impact extends into the interior floor, where there are multiple small craterlets. A short chain of these impacts begins in the northwest part of the interior and curves back to extend across the northern rim.

Mikhail Subbotin
Mikhail Fedorovich Subbotin (Russian: Михаил Фёдорович Субботин, 29 June 1893 – 26 December 1966) was a Soviet mathematician and astronomer who calculated orbits of planets and comets. He worked on general properties of motion in the n-body problem.
What She Wants
"What She Wants" is a song written by Renee Armand and Kerry Chater and recorded by American country music artist Michael Martin Murphey.  It was released in November 1984 as the lead single from his compilation album The Best of Michael Martin Murphey.  The song peaked at number 8 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart and at number 6 on the Canadian RPM Country Tracks chart.

Kerry Chater
Kerry Michael Chater (August 7, 1945 – February 4, 2022) was a Canadian musician and songwriter who was best known as a member of Gary Puckett & The Union Gap. He was also a successful Nashville songwriter for many years.
Thetis Mound
Thetis Mound is a hill in the North Slope Borough, of Alaska, United States.  It is 4 miles (6 km) southeast of Oliktok Point and 13 miles (21 km) west of Beechey Point.

Thetis Mound is a type of hill known as a pingo.

North Slope Borough, Alaska
The North Slope Borough is the northernmost borough in the US state of Alaska and, thus, the northernmost county or equivalent of the United States as a whole. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,031. The borough seat and largest city, comprising nearly half of the borough’s population, is Utqiaġvik (known as Barrow from 1901 to 2016), the northernmost settlement in the United States.
Spinoside
Spinoside is any one of several chemical compounds isolated from certain plants, notably Desfontainia spinosa.  They can be seen as derivatives of the triterpene hydrocarbon cucurbitane (C30H54), more specifically from cucurbitacin H.

They include

Spinoside A, from D. spinosa : 61

Spinoside B, from D. spinosa : 62

Desfontainia
Desfontainia is a  genus of flowering plants in the family Columelliaceae, though it was placed formerly in Loganiaceae, Potaliaceae (later subsumed in Gentianaceae), or a family of its own, Desfontainiaceae.

The genus was named for the French botanist, René Louiche Desfontaines.
It is hardy to −5 °C (23 °F), and requires winter protection in areas with significant frosts.
Dead Ringer (album)
Dead Ringer is recognised as the second studio album from the rock career of American singer Meat Loaf, released on September 4, 1981. Dead Ringer, like 1977's Bat Out Of Hell before it, was written entirely by Jim Steinman. The album cover was designed by comic book artist and horror illustrator Bernie Wrightson.

Tom Malone (musician)
Tom "Bones" Malone (born June 16, 1947) is an American jazz musician, arranger, and producer. As his nickname implies, he specializes on the trombone but he also plays saxophone, trumpet, tuba, flute, and bass guitar. He has been a member of the Blues Brothers, Saturday Night Live Band, Blood, Sweat & Tears, and the CBS Orchestra, the house band for the Late Show with David Letterman.
Battle of Warburg
The Battle of Warburg was fought on 31 July 1760 during the Seven Years' War.  The battle was a victory for the Hanoverians and the British against a slightly larger French army. The victory meant the Anglo-German allies had successfully defended Westphalia from the French by preventing a crossing of the Diemel River, but were forced to abandon the allied state of Hesse-Kassel to the south. The fortress of Kassel ultimately fell, and would remain in French hands until the final months of the war, when it was finally recaptured by the Anglo-German allies in late 1762.

The British general, John Manners, Marquess of Granby, became famous in the battle for charging at the head of the British cavalry and losing his hat and wig during the charge. The French lost 1,500 men, killed and wounded, around 1,500 prisoners and ten pieces of artillery.

John Manners, Marquess of Granby
Lieutenant-General John Manners, Marquess of Granby PC (2 January 1721 – 18 October 1770) was a British Army officer and politician. The eldest son of John Manners, 3rd Duke of Rutland, as he did not outlive his father and inherit the dukedom, Manners was known by his father's subsidiary title, Marquess of Granby. He served in the military during the Jacobite rising of 1745 and the Seven Years' War, being subsequently rewarded with the post of Commander-in-Chief of the Forces. Manners was popular with the troops who served under him and many British pubs are still named after him today.
Adam Rickitt
Adam Peter Rickitt (born 29 May 1978) is an English actor and singer. He portrayed the part of Nick Tilsley on the British soap opera Coronation Street from 1997 to 1999, and again from 2002 to 2004. He later joined the New Zealand soap Shortland Street for a three-year stint between 2007 and 2010. From 2017 to 2020, he appeared as Kyle Kelly on Channel 4's Hollyoaks. His other credits include the BBC's  Doctors (2001; 2016; 2023).

Rickitt had a musical career, both as a solo artist and as a member of 5th Story, a supergroup formed for the ITV reality series The Big Reunion. Alone, he released Good Times (1999) through Polydor Records, an album that spawned the UK Top 25 singles "I Breathe Again", "Everything My Heart Desires", and "The Best Thing". He attempted to embark on a political career within the Conservative Party in 2005, but has since denounced the party's views.

The Best Thing (Adam Rickitt song)
"The Best Thing" (also known as "Best Thing") is the third single by the British singer, Adam Rickitt. In an interview with the Sunday Herald about the song's composition, the artist said that he had already written about half of Good Times and wanted to be actively involved in the creative process, sometimes contributing only lyrics, but adding that "with "Best Thing" I was there from the first stage, figuring out the melodies, figuring out what sounds to go on, how it should be produced".

The single peaked at number 25 on the UK singles chart and stayed on the chart for three weeks. The music video of the song was directed by Tim Royes.
Borucin, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Borucin [bɔˈrut͡ɕin] (German: Marquardsmühl) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kamień Pomorski, within Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) east of Kamień Pomorski and 63 km (39 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.

Gmina Kamień Pomorski
Gmina Kamień Pomorski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kamień County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Kamień Pomorski, which lies approximately 63 kilometres (39 mi) north of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 208.57 square kilometres (80.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 14,389 (out of which the population of Kamień Pomorski amounts to 9,134, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,255).
Place Poelaert
The Place Poelaert (French, pronounced [plas pu.laʁt]) or Poelaertplein (Dutch, pronounced [ˈpulaːrtˌplɛin]) is the largest square in Brussels, Belgium, measuring 155 by 50 metres (509 by 164 ft). It is named in honour of Joseph Poelaert, the architect of the Palace of Justice.

The square is located close to the Place Louise/Louizaplein and the Small Ring (Brussels' inner ring road). It is served by Louise/Louiza metro station (on lines 2 and 6 of the Brussels Metro), as well as the homonymous tram stop (on lines 8 and 92). From the lower part of town, it is also possible to take the public Poelaert Elevators up to the square.

Trams in Brussels
The Brussels tramway network is a tram system serving a large part of the Brussels-Capital Region of Belgium. It is the 16th largest tram system in the world by route length, in 2017 providing 149.1 million journeys (up 9.5% on 2016) over routes 140.6 km (87.4 mi) in length. In 2018, it consisted of 18 tram lines (eight of which—lines 4, 7, 10, 25, 32, 51, 55 and 82—qualified as premetro lines, and five of which—lines 4, 7, 8, 9 and 10—qualified as "Chrono" or "Fast" lines). Brussels trams are operated by STIB/MIVB, the local public transport company.

The network's development has faced issues including the inconsistent route pattern resulting from the closure of the interurban trams, the conflict between low-floor surface trams and high-floor underground trams, and whether the trams run on the right or the left.
Chōdenji Robo Combattler V
Combattler V, full name Chōdenji Robo Combattler V (超電磁（ちょうでんじ）ロボ コン・バトラーV（ブイ）, Chōdenji Robo Konbatorā Bui; lit. Super Electromagnetic Robot Combattler V), is a Japanese mecha anime television series produced by Toei Company and animated by Soeisha (later renamed as Nippon Sunrise) that aired from 1976 to 1977. It is the first part of the Robot Romance Trilogy of super robot series created by Saburo Yatsude and directed by Tadao Nagahama.

The robot's name is a portmanteau of "combine", "combat", and "battle", and the V is intended both as an abbreviation for "victory" and in reference to the five component machines that form the robot, as well as its five pilots. The V is pronounced as the letter V, unlike in the spiritual successor, Voltes V, where it is pronounced "five".

The show follows the adventures and battles of the Battle Team, a group of young pilots, as they battle against the Campbell Empire from outer space.

Kazuya Tatekabe
Kazuya Tatekabe (たてかべ和也、立壁和也, Tatekabe Kazuya; July 20, 1934 – June 18, 2015) was a Japanese actor, voice actor, and manager. He was born in Kimobetsu, Hokkaidō. He was represented by Kenyu Horiuchi's Kenyu Office until the time of his death.

He was most known for the roles of Takeshi Gōda known as "Gian" (Doraemon), Walsa (Time Bokan), and Tonzura (Yatterman).
Miya Fuski
Miya Fuski is a fictional character created by Jivram Joshi for children's literature in Gujarati language. He is mostly accompanied by his friend, Tabha Bhatt. Both characters were inspired by the people of Kashi during Joshi's stay there. Joshi wrote more than thirty stories on the characters. They became popular and were later adapted into plays, TV series and a film.

Children's literature in Gujarati language
The Children's literature in Gujarati language of India has its roots in traditional folk literature, Puranic literature, epics and fables from Sanskrit literature. Following 1830s, the large number of stories and fables adapted and translated from various traditional and western sources started to appear in Gujarati. Led by Gijubhai Badheka and Nanabhai Bhatt, the children's literature expanded rapidly in form of stories, poems, rhymes and riddles. Several authors and poets wrote for children intermittently and exclusively. Large number of magazines catering to children were published by middle of twentieth century. Later adventure novels, science fiction, young-adult fiction were also published. Ramanlal Soni and Jivram Joshi contributed for five decades creating stories, fictional characters and novels. Few children's plays were published while the biographies of historical characters appeared frequently.
Mildred Shapley Matthews
Mildred Shapley Matthews (February 15, 1915 – February 11, 2016) was a book editor and writer known for astronomy books. She was the daughter of astronomers Harlow Shapley and Martha Betz Shapley; her father named the asteroid 878 Mildred for her.

878 Mildred
878 Mildred is a minor planet in the main belt orbiting the Sun. It is the lowest numbered, and thus the namesake, of the Mildred family of asteroids, a subgroup of the Nysa family. The Mildred subgroup, and by extension 878 Mildred itself, is thought to have been formed by a recent fragmentation event from a larger asteroid.
Don't Like Me
"Don't Like Me" is a song by American rapper Rico Nasty featuring fellow American rappers Don Toliver and Gucci Mane. The song was produced by Buddah Bless, who also wrote the song along with the three artists. It was released on October 22, 2020 through Atlantic Records and Rico's own Sugar Trap label as the third single from her debut studio album, Nightmare Vacation.

Rico Nasty
Maria-Cecilia Simone Kelly (born May 7, 1997), known professionally as Rico Nasty, is an American rapper and singer. She began self-releasing while in high school, and had released five solo mixtapes by late 2017. She gained a local following on SoundCloud with her songs "iCarly" and "Hey Arnold". After gaining wider recognition with her 2018 singles "Smack a Bitch" and "Poppin", she signed with Atlantic Records to release her sixth mixtape, Nasty (2018). The label released her collaborative mixtape Anger Management (2019) with Kenny Beats, as well as her first two studio albums, Nightmare Vacation (2020) and Las Ruinas (2022); the former album peaked the US Heatseekers charts. She then parted ways with the label in favor of Fueled by Ramen and Elektra Records, who released her third studio album, Lethal (2025).
Drains Bay
Drains Bay (possibly from Irish Draighean, meaning 'blackthorn' + English "bay") is a small residential and commuter settlement about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) north of Larne and south of Ballygalley on the coast of County Antrim, Northern Ireland.

The village is mainly residential with a mix of retired people and young families living there. Some residents commute to Larne by car or bus and to Belfast by car or by train or bus (from Larne). Drains Bay beach is popular with dog walkers and can be accessed at its southern end via steps or northern end grass verge.  At its northern end there is also a carpark area with benches, public toilets, picnic tables and a play area for children. On the other side of the settlement are hills popular with walkers, hikers and also landscape painters. 
There are no shops in Drains Bay, but it is visited by mobile food vendors at weekends.

To the north of Drains Bay lies Carnfunnock Country Park and Ballygally

Carnfunnock Country Park
Carnfunnock Country Park is a 191-hectare park located between Drains Bay and Ballygally, near Larne, County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is situated on the A2 Antrim Coast Road, 3.5 miles north of Larne. The park consists of mixed woodland, gardens, walking trails and coastline with views of the Antrim Coast and North Channel. and is owned and run by Mid and East Antrim Borough Council.
Saga Prefectural Nagoya Castle Museum
Saga Prefectural Nagoya Castle Museum (佐賀県立名護屋城博物館, Saga Kenritsu Nagoya-jō Hakubutsukan) opened in 1993 in Karatsu, Saga Prefecture, Japan, on the site of Nagoya Castle, built in 1591 as the base for Hideyoshi's invasions of Korea. It displays artefacts excavated from the castle site and other materials relating to three main themes: (1) the history of exchange between the Japanese archipelago and Korean peninsula; (2) the preservation of the Special Historic Site of Nagoya Castle; (3) cultural and academic exchange between Japan and Korea. The 2,000,000th visit was in August 2010.

In April 2022 a replica of the Golden Tea Room was installed.

Golden Tea Room
The Golden Tea Room (黄金の茶室, Ōgon no chashitsu) was a portable gilded chashitsu (tea room) constructed during the late 16th century Azuchi–Momoyama period for the Japanese regent Lord Toyotomi Hideyoshi's tea ceremonies.  The original Golden Tea Room is lost, but a number of reconstructions have been made.
Koutou
Koutou (simplified Chinese: 口头; traditional Chinese: 口頭; pinyin: Kǒutóu) is a town of Xingtang County in western Hebei province, China, located 24 kilometres (15 mi) northwest of the county seat. As of 2011, it has 41 villages under its administration.

Xingtang County
Xingtang County (simplified Chinese: 行唐县; traditional Chinese: 行唐縣; pinyin: Xíngtáng Xiàn) is a county of Hebei Province, North China, it is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Shijiazhuang, the capital of the province.
Ravi River
30°35′N 71°49′E﻿ / ﻿30.583°N 71.817°E﻿ / 30.583; 71.817

The Ravi River is a river in South Asia that flows through northwestern India and eastern Pakistan forming the boundary between the two nations for about 50 miles before travelling westwards across eastern Pakistan. It is one of five major rivers of the Punjab region.

Under the Indus Waters Treaty of 1960, the waters of the Ravi and two other rivers of the Punjab (Sutlej and Beas River) were allocated to India. Subsequently, the Indus Basin Project was developed in Pakistan, which transfers waters from western rivers of the Indus system to replenish the portion of the Ravi River lying in that country. Many inter-basin water transfers, irrigation, hydropower and multipurpose projects have been built in India.

Pathankot district
Pathankot district, the northernmost district of Punjab, India, was formed on 27 July 2011, after being carved out from Gurdaspur district. Pathankot serves as the district headquarters. The district shares its borders with Pakistan to the west and lies strategically close to the Union territory of Jammu & Kashmir and the state of Himachal Pradesh, making it a vital trade and transportation hub in the region.
Wolfgang Tillmans
Wolfgang Tillmans (born 16 August 1968) is a German fine-art photographer. His diverse body of work is distinguished by observation of his surroundings and an ongoing investigation of the photographic medium's foundations.

Tillmans was the first photographer, and first non-British person, to be awarded the Turner Prize. He has been the subject of large-scale retrospectives at the Museum of Modern Art, Tate Modern and Moderna Museet. In 2023, Tillmans was named one of the most influential people in the world by Time. He lives in Berlin and London.

Serpentine Galleries
The Serpentine Galleries are two contemporary art galleries in Kensington Gardens, Westminster, Greater London. Recently rebranded to just Serpentine, the organisation is split across Serpentine South (previously known as the Serpentine Gallery) and Serpentine North (previously known as the Sackler Gallery).

The gallery spaces are within five minutes' walk of each other, linked by the bridge over the Serpentine Lake from which the galleries get their names. Their exhibitions, architecture, education and public programmes attract up to 1.2 million visitors a year. Admission to both galleries is free. The CEO is Bettina Korek, and the artistic director Hans Ulrich Obrist.
Hay River, Northwest Territories
Hay River (South Slavey: Xátł’odehchee [xátɬ’otɛhtʃʰe]), known as "the Hub of the North", is a town in the Northwest Territories, Canada. The town is located on the south shore of Great Slave Lake at the mouth of the Hay River. It is separated into two sections: A new town and an old town. The Hay River/Merlyn Carter Airport is located between the two sections. The town is situated in the South Slave Region, and along with Fort Smith, the town is home to one of the two regional offices in the region.

South Slave Region
The South Slave Region is one of five administrative regions in the Northwest Territories of Canada. According to Municipal and Community Affairs the region consists of seven communities with the regional office situated in Fort Smith and a sub-office in Hay River. With the exception of Enterprise and Hay River the communities are predominantly Indigenous, mainly First Nations.