hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mays Pond (New York)
Mays Pond is a lake located west of Raquette Lake, New York. Fish species present in the lake are black bullhead, and sunfish. There is trail access on the east shore. The west shore is privately owned. No motors are allowed on this pond.

Long Lake, New York
Long Lake is a town in Hamilton County, New York, United States. The population was 791 at the 2020 census.

The town is named for 14-mile-long (23 km) Long Lake, beside which it sits. A census designated place bearing the same name sits within Long Lake, home to 596 of the town's 791 inhabitants. The town is entirely within the Adirondack Park and is the northernmost town in the county. It is a summer tourism destination offering fishing, hiking, boating and swimming. In the winter months, snowmobiling is also popular. Long Lake is the home of the historic Adirondack Hotel. Long Lake is also noted for being home to Sabattis Scout Reservation, a long-term camp operated by the Longhouse Council, Boy Scouts of America.
Johannes Röring
Johannes August Röring (born 16 May 1959) is a German politician. Born in Vreden, North Rhine-Westphalia, he represents the CDU. Johannes Röring has served as a member of the Bundestag from the state of North Rhine-Westphalia since 2005.

Vreden
Vreden (German pronunciation: [ˈfʁeːdn̩] ⓘ) is a small town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany near the Dutch border. The town is located near the river Berkel. The first mentioning of the town is proven for the year 839. In 1252 Vreden obtained city rights.
Krebs–Henseleit solution
Krebs–Henseleit solution, developed by Hans Krebs and Kurt Henseleit, is a solution containing sodium (Na), potassium (K), chloride (Cl), calcium (Ca), magnesium sulfate (MgSO4), bicarbonate (HCO3), phosphate (PO4), glucose, and sometimes supplemented with albumin, and tromethamine (THAM).

It has been used experimentally, for instance to study arteries ex vivo, in Langendorff heart preparations, and during isolated muscle testing of mammalian skeletal muscles.

In vitro muscle testing
In vitro muscle testing is a method used to characterize properties of living muscle tissue after removing it from an organism, which allows more extensive and precise quantification of its properties than in vivo testing. In vitro muscle testing has provided the bulk of scientific knowledge of muscle structure and physiology, and how both relate to organismal performance. Stem cell research relies on in vitro muscle testing to establish sole muscle cell function and its individual behavior apart from muscle cells in the presence of nonmuscle cells seen in in vitro studies.
Jean-Paul Brigger
Jean-Paul Brigger (born 14 December 1957) is a Swiss football manager and former player who played as a football striker. He played for the most of his career with FC Sion.

Aside from FC Sion, Brigger played for Servette and represented the Swiss national team. After retiring, he had a spell managing FC Sion and FC Luzern.

Since 1999, he has worked for FIFA as a member of its technical study and development group.

FC Luzern
Fussball-Club Luzern (German pronunciation: [ɛf ˈt͡seː luˈtsɛrn]), or simply abbreviated to FCL, is a Swiss sports club based in Lucerne (German: Luzern). It is best known for its professional football team, which plays in the Super League, the top tier of the Swiss football league system, and has won the national title once and the national cup three times.

The club colours are blue and white, derived from the City of Lucerne and Canton of Lucerne coats of arms. The club plays its home games at Swissporarena which was newly built in 2011 at the place of the old Stadion Allmend.

FC Luzern was founded in 1901. It has non-professional departments for women's football, volleyball, boccia and gymnastics.
2010–11 Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball team
The 2010–11 Kansas Jayhawks men's basketball team represented the University of Kansas in the 2010–11 NCAA Division I men's basketball season, which was the Jayhawks' 113th basketball season. The head coach was Bill Self, who was serving his 8th year. The team played its home games in Allen Fieldhouse in Lawrence, Kansas and are members of the Big 12 Conference. They finished the season 35–3, 14–2 in Big 12 play to claim the regular season conference title. They were also champions of the 2011 Big 12 men's basketball tournament. They earned a #1 seed in the Southwest Region in the 2011 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, where they defeated Boston University in the second round and Illinois in the third round to advance to the Sweet Sixteen. They defeated Richmond to advance to the Elite Eight where they were upset by VCU.

2010–11 Richmond Spiders men's basketball team
The 2010–11 Richmond Spiders men's basketball team represented the University of Richmond in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college basketball during the 2010–11 season. Richmond competed as a member of the Atlantic 10 Conference (A-10) under sixth-year head basketball coach Chris Mooney and played its home games at the Robins Center.

After finishing in third place in the Atlantic 10 during the regular season, Richmond defeated the University of Dayton to win the 2011 Atlantic 10 men's basketball tournament.  With the championship, Richmond was awarded an automatic bid to the 2011 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, where it received a 12-seed  and defeated Vanderbilt in the second round of the tournament before eliminating Morehead State in the third round.  The Spiders fell in the Sweet Sixteen to Kansas.
WENO methods
In numerical solution of differential equations, WENO (weighted essentially non-oscillatory) methods are classes of high-resolution schemes. WENO are used in the numerical solution of hyperbolic partial differential equations. These methods were developed from ENO methods (essentially non-oscillatory). The first WENO scheme was developed by Liu, Osher and Chan in 1994. In 1996, Guang-Shan Jiang and Chi-Wang Shu developed a new WENO scheme called WENO-JS. Nowadays, there are many WENO methods.

Chi-Wang Shu
Chi-Wang Shu (Chinese: 舒其望, born 1 January 1957) is the Theodore B. Stowell University Professor of Applied Mathematics at Brown University. He is known for his research in the fields of computational fluid dynamics, numerical solutions of conservation laws and Hamilton–Jacobi type equations. Shu has been listed as an ISI Highly Cited Author in Mathematics by the ISI Web of Knowledge.
Dean Collins (actor)
Dean Collins  is an American former actor, best known for playing the character Mike Gold in sitcom The War at Home. The series ran from September 2005 to April 2007. Previously, he had recurring roles in MADtv's "Reading Caboose" skit as Ernie, and as Warren Feide in Jack & Bobby. Collins appeared as Harry Beardsley in the 2005 film Yours, Mine & Ours, as Garrett in the 2006 film Hoot, and in the 2008 film The Least of These. In 2011, Collins was cast in the pilot episode of ABC's Lost and Found. Collins makes regular appearances as the unofficial, part time, occasional co-host on actor Michael Rapaport's podcast, I Am Rapaport.

Jack & Bobby
Jack & Bobby is an American drama television series created by Greg Berlanti, Vanessa Taylor, Steven A. Cohen, and Brad Meltzer. It aired on The WB from September 12, 2004, to May 11, 2005. The series’ title is a reference to real-life political brothers John and Robert Kennedy.

The series starred Matt Long and Logan Lerman as Jack and Bobby McCallister, respectively; two teenage brothers in Missouri of whom one would become the president of the United States from 2041 to 2049. The series also starred Christine Lahti as their mother, a college professor, as well as Jessica Paré, John Slattery, Edwin Hodge, Keri Lynn Pratt, and Bradley Cooper. Episodes would generally focus on the boys' family and school lives, with flash-forwards of a documentary about President McCallister used as a framing device.

While it received critical acclaim, Jack & Bobby struggled from low ratings on the network and was cancelled on May 17, 2005.
Retransmission consent
Retransmission consent is a provision of the 1992 United States Cable Television Consumer Protection and Competition Act that requires cable operators and other multichannel video programming distributors (MVPDs) to obtain permission from commercial broadcasters before carrying their programming.

Under the provision, a broadcast station (or its affiliated/parent broadcast network) can ask for monetary payment or other compensation, such as carriage of an additional channel. If the cable operator rejects the broadcaster's proposal, the station can prohibit the cable operator from retransmitting its signal.

In the United States, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulates this area of business and public policy pursuant to 47 U.S.C. Part II.

Cable Television Consumer Protection and Competition Act of 1992
The Cable Television Consumer Protection and Competition Act of 1992 (also known as the 1992 Cable Act) is a United States federal law which required cable television systems to carry most local broadcast television channels and prohibited cable operators from charging local broadcasters to carry their signal.

In adopting the 1992 Cable Act, Congress stated that it wanted to promote the availability of diverse views and information, to rely on the marketplace to the maximum extent possible to achieve that availability, to ensure cable operators continue to expand their capacity and program offerings, to ensure cable operators do not have undue market power, and to ensure consumer interests are protected in the receipt of cable service. The Federal Communications Commission adopted regulations to implement the Act and its goals.
Autolysis (alcohol fermentation)
Autolysis in winemaking relates to the complex chemical reactions that take place when a wine spends time in contact with the lees, or dead yeast cells, after fermentation. While for some wines - and all beers - autolysis is undesirable, it is a vital component in shaping the flavors and mouth feel associated with premium Champagne production. The practice of leaving a wine to age on its lees (or sur lie aging) has a long history in winemaking dating back to Roman winemaking. The chemical process and details of autolysis were not originally understood scientifically, but the positive effects such as a creamy mouthfeel, breadlike and floral aromas, and reduced astringency were noticed early in the history of wine.

Champagne
Champagne (/ʃæmpeɪn/; French: [ʃɑ̃paɲ] ⓘ) is a sparkling wine originated and produced in the Champagne wine region of France under the rules of the appellation, which demand specific vineyard practices, sourcing of grapes exclusively from designated places within it, specific grape-pressing methods and secondary fermentation of the wine in the bottle to cause carbonation.

The grapes Pinot noir, Pinot meunier, and Chardonnay are used to produce almost all Champagne, but small amounts of Pinot blanc, Pinot gris (called Fromenteau in Champagne), Arbane, and Petit Meslier are vinified as well.

Champagne became associated with royalty in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. The leading manufacturers made efforts to associate their Champagnes with nobility and royalty through advertising and packaging, which led to its popularity among the emerging middle class.
Šalčia
The Šalčia (Belarusian: Шальча, romanized: Shalcha) is a river in Lithuania. It originates in a region located to the east of Šalčininkai and runs for 76 km before flowing into the Merkys near Valkininkai.

Šalčininkai
Šalčininkai (pronunciationⓘ; Polish: Soleczniki; Yiddish: סאָלעטשניק Solechnik; Belarusian: Салечнікі) is a city in Vilnius County, in south-eastern Lithuania, situated south-east of Vilnius, near the border with Belarus.
1996 Australian Super Touring Championship
The 1996 Australian Super Touring Championship was an Australian motor racing competition for Super Touring Cars. It was contested over eight rounds, commencing on 19 May 1996 at Amaroo Park and ending on 9 November at Oran Park Raceway. The championship was organised by TOCA Australia and was sanctioned by the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport. It was the fourth running of a touring car series in Australia under Super Touring Car regulations. BOC was the naming rights sponsor. It was televised by Network 10.

The Drivers Championship was won by Brad Jones driving an Audi 80 Quattro. The Teams Championship was awarded to Brad Jones Racing and the Manufacturers Championship to Audi. The TOCA Challenge Independents Cup was won by Steven Richards driving both a Garry Rogers Motorsport Honda Accord and Alfa Romeo 155.

Brad Jones (racing driver)
Bradley Jones (born 2 April 1960) is an Australian former racing driver. Jones now acts as team co-principal with his brother Kim in the V8 Supercar racing team, Brad Jones Racing.

Although he is more known as a V8 team owner, Brad Jones was successful in nearly all forms of motorsport he competed in. He is the only person to have won both the Australian AUSCAR and NASCAR championships.
2014 Sacramento Challenger
The 2014 Sacramento Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the ninth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Sacramento, California, United States between 29 September and 5 October 2014.

Stefan Kozlov
Stefan Kozlov (Russian: Стефан Козлов, /ˈstɛfɑːn ˈkɒzlɒv/ STEF-ahn KOZ-lov; born February 1, 1998) is an American professional tennis player of Russian descent. He has a career-high ATP ranking of world No. 103 achieved on 18 July 2022 and doubles ranking of world No. 180 on 19 June 2017.

Kozlov made his ATP World Tour debut as a wildcard in 2013 Hall of Fame Tennis Championships at the age of 15. He reached two junior Grand Slam finals in 2014 and finished the year at World No. 3 in the ITF Junior Combined rankings.
Terroso
Terroso  is a suburban area in Póvoa de Varzim, Portugal. It forms part of the civil parish of Aver-o-Mar, Amorim e Terroso. It is an ancient ecclesiastical parish and former civil parish. In the census of 2001, it had a population of 2,472 inhabitants and a total area of 4.63 km2.  A 2012 law merged the civil parish with neighbouring Amorim and Aver-o-Mar, to become the northern parish of the city of Póvoa de Varzim.

Terroso derives from the Latin terrosu, meaning "full of soil". The name was used for Cividade or Cividade Hill.

Cividade Hill
Cividade Hill (Portuguese: Monte da Cividade) or Cividade de Terroso Hill with an elevation of 153 metres (502 ft) is one of the two hills next to the city of Póvoa de Varzim in Portugal.

Cividade Hill's most notable feature is Cividade de Terroso in the hilltop. It is an ancient Castro culture town, hence the name of the hill that derives from Latin civitas (city). The walled city thrived since 900 or 800 BC, before being conquered and destroyed by the Roman Republic around 138 BC. Due to its urban protohistoric characteristics, the hilltop is considered to be an acropolis by archaeologists. The acropolis is, currently, owned by Póvoa de Varzim City Hall. In the slope there are villages and walled labyrinth-like farm-fields.
Daigunder
Daigunder (爆闘宣言ダイガンダー, Bakutō Sengen Daigandā) is a Japanese anime television series about humans using robots in tournaments. Created by Nihon Ad Systems and Takara and animated by Brain's Base, the studio’s first television production, the series aired on TV Tokyo and its affiliates from April to December 2002. A series of Daigunder toys were produced that could interact with TV screens.

Isshin Chiba
Isshin Chiba (千葉 一伸, Chiba Isshin; born June 26, 1968) is a Japanese voice actor who appeared in 35 films since he first started acting in 1990 and is best known for doing the voice of Jin Kazama from the Tekken series.
Kyle Gallner
Kyle Steven Gallner (born October 22, 1986) is an American actor. He began acting in 2000, earning recognition for playing Bart Allen in the superhero series Smallville (2004–2009), Cassidy "Beaver" Casablancas in the mystery drama series Veronica Mars (2005–2006), and Reed Garrett in the police drama series CSI: NY (2006–2010).

Gallner was established as a scream king in the 2010s, starring in the horror films The Haunting in Connecticut, Jennifer's Body (both 2009), the Nightmare on Elm Street remake (2010), Red State (2011), Smile (2022) and its sequel Smile 2 (2024), and Scream (2022). His other films include Dear White People, American Sniper (both 2014), Dinner In America (2020), The Passenger, and Strange Darling (both 2023).

Red State (2011 film)
Red State is a 2011 American horror thriller film written, edited, and directed by Kevin Smith. The film stars Michael Angarano, Kerry Bishé, Nicholas Braun, Kyle Gallner, John Goodman, Melissa Leo, Michael Parks, Kevin Pollak, and Stephen Root. The story follows three teenage boys who are lured by an online ad for group sex to a fundamentalist Christian compound led by an extremist pastor, who traps and plans to execute them.

Red State had its premiere at the 2011 Sundance Film Festival on January 23, 2011, and was released in the United States on video on demand on September 1 and in select theaters for a one-night-only engagement on September 23 by Lionsgate. The film received generally positive reviews from critics.
Metadyne
A metadyne is a direct current electrical machine with two pairs of brushes. It can be used as an amplifier or rotary transformer.  It is similar to a third brush dynamo but has additional regulator or "variator" windings. It is also similar to an amplidyne except that the latter has a compensating winding which fully counteracts the effect of the flux produced by the load current. The technical description is "a cross-field direct current machine designed to utilize armature reaction". A metadyne can convert a constant-voltage input into a constant-current, variable-voltage output.

Third-brush dynamo
A third-brush dynamo was a type of dynamo, an electrical generator, formerly used for battery charging on motor vehicles.  It was superseded, first by a two-brush dynamo equipped with an external voltage regulator, and later by an alternator.
M Iqbal Arslan
M Iqbal Arslan is a Bangladeshi physician and academic. He is the incumbent president of Swadhinata Chikitshak Parishad (SWACHIP), an organisation of pro-Awami League doctors of Bangladesh. He is the former dean of the Faculty of Basic Science and Paraclinical Science at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU).

Bangladesh Medical University
Bangladesh Medical University (BMU) is a postgraduate medical university in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It was established in 1965 as Institute of Postgraduate Medicine and Research. The university offers postgraduate degrees in various medical specialties including MPhil, MPH, MD, MS, PhD, and diploma degrees.

It also serves as a teaching hospital. In 2022, a 750-bed super-specialised hospital was established at BMU.
Arjun (1985 film)
Arjun is a 1985 Indian Hindi-language crime action film directed by Rahul Rawail. Written by Javed Akhtar, the film stars Sunny Deol and Dimple Kapadia in lead roles, while Raj Kiran, Prem Chopra, Anupam Kher, Paresh Rawal, A. K. Hangal and Supriya Pathak play other pivotal roles. The plot of the film revolves around a group of radical young men who take matters into their hands to fight against corruption.

The film was a big commercial success and catapulted Deol to superstardom. Sukanya Verma of Rediff.com called it Deol's best action film. This film also marked the debut of Paresh Rawal in commercial cinema. The rights to this film are now owned by Red Chillies Entertainment.

The film was later remade in Tamil as Sathyaa, in Telugu as Bharatamlo Arjunudu, in Kannada as Sangrama, and in Sinhala as Suranimala.

Bharatamlo Arjunudu
Bharatamlo Arjunudu (transl. Arjuna in India) is a 1987 Telugu-language film directed by K. Raghavendra Rao and produced by K. S. Prakash Rao under the Prakash Studios banner. It stars Venkatesh and Khushbu, with music composed by Chakravarthy. The film was a remake of Hindi film Arjun. The film was as a flop at the box office.
Trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase
In enzymology, a trans-cinnamate 4-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.91) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

trans-cinnamate + NADPH + H+ + O2  4-hydroxycinnamate + NADP+ + H2O

The 4 substrates of this enzyme are trans-cinnamate, NADPH, H+, and O2, whereas its 3 products are 4-hydroxycinnamate, NADP+, and H2O. This enzyme participates in phenylalanine metabolism and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis.  It employs one cofactor, heme.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom o oxygen into the other donor.

P-Coumaric acid
p-Coumaric acid is an organic compound with the formula HOC6H4CH=CHCO2H. It is one of the three isomers of coumaric acid. It is a white solid that is only slightly soluble in water but very soluble in ethanol and diethyl ether.
The Grizzly King
The Grizzly King: A Romance of the Wild is a 1916 novel by American author James Oliver Curwood. It was the inspiration for the director Jean-Jacques Annaud's 1988 film L'Ours, known in North America as The Bear.

James Oliver Curwood
James Oliver Curwood (June 12, 1878 – August 13, 1927) was an American action-adventure writer and conservationist. His books were often based on adventures set in the Hudson Bay area, the Yukon or Alaska and ranked among the top-ten best sellers in the United States in the early and mid 1920s, according to Publishers Weekly. At least one hundred and eighty motion pictures have been based on or directly inspired by his novels and short stories; one was produced in three versions from 1919 to 1953. At the time of his death, Curwood was the highest paid (per word) author in the world.

He built Curwood Castle as a place to greet guests and as a writing studio in his hometown of Owosso, Michigan. The castle was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is now operated by the city as a museum. The city commemorates him with an annual Curwood Festival.
1999 IBF World Championships
The 1999 IBF World Championships (World Badminton Championships) were held in Copenhagen, Denmark, between 16 May and 23 May 1999. During men's single semi final match between Fung Permadi and Peter Gade, a historical decision was made by Permadi. The score was 14 all in the third set with Gade held the match point. Commonly, a serve receiver will opt for deuce. At odds Permadi refused it. Disturbed with the peculiar, Gade fouled his serve then returned Permadi's serve to the net and lost the match by the score 14-15. The same scenario happened in the women final match. Camilla Martin chose not to play the deuce and won against Dai Yun. She was engaged to Gade then and subsequently avenged for her fiancée.

Camilla Martin
Camilla Martin Nygaard (née Martin; born 23 March 1974) is a Danish retired badminton player. She and Lene Køppen, who played two decades earlier, are the only Danish women to have won both the All England and World Championships singles titles.