hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nick Mathewson
Nick Mathewson is an American computer scientist and co-founder of The Tor Project. He, along with Roger Dingledine, began working on onion routing shortly after they graduated from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the early 2000s. He is also known by his pseudonym nickm. Mathewson and Dingledine were the focus of increased media attention after the leak of NSA's highly classified documents by Edward Snowden, and the subsequent public disclosure of the operation of XKeyscore, which targeted one of The Tor Project's onion servers along with Mixminion remailer which are both run at MIT.

Onion routing
Onion routing is a technique for anonymous communication over a computer network. In an onion network, messages are encapsulated in layers of encryption, analogous to the layers of an onion. The encrypted data is transmitted through a series of network nodes called "onion routers," each of which "peels" away a single layer, revealing the data's next destination. When the final layer is decrypted, the message arrives at its destination. The sender remains anonymous because each intermediary knows only the location of the immediately preceding and following nodes. While onion routing provides a high level of security and anonymity, there are methods to break the anonymity of this technique, such as timing analysis.
Coldberry Gutter
Coldberry Gutter (sometimes listed as Red Grooves Hush) is a narrow, incised west to east orientated gorge, on the watershed between and Newbiggin Beck and Hudeshope, near Middleton-in-Teesdale, County Durham, England.  The site is believed to have been scoured out by hushing for lead and other minerals as it has two former lead mines at either end, however, modern-day evidence points to the gutter being a glacial meltwater channel, which was utilised by the miners. The Coldberry Gutter is thought to be the largest and most dramatic hush in the North Pennines.

Middleton-in-Teesdale
Middleton-in-Teesdale is a market town and civil parish in County Durham, England. It is in Teesdale, on the River Tees's north banks, and surrounded by the North Pennines. The town is between Eggleston and Newbiggin, a few miles to the north-west of Barnard Castle. In 2011 it had a population of 1,137.
Barnstable station
Barnstable station was a railway station located on Railroad Avenue in Barnstable, Massachusetts. It was constructed in 1889 by the Old Colony Railroad. From the latter years of the 19th century to the 1950s, the station served daily New Haven Railroad trains from Boston, and due for points further east on the Cape. For several decades in the mid-20th century, the station also served the New Haven's day and night versions of its seasonal New York - Hyannis Cape Codder trains. The station was torn down after the New Haven ended passenger rail service to the Cape in 1959.

Cape Codder (NH train)
The Cape Codder was a pair of day and night passenger trains run by the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad (NH) from the latter 1920s to the mid 1960s, with some brief interruptions. Its distinction was the longest tenure of direct summertime New York City to Cape Cod trains. With the improvement of highways in southeastern Massachusetts, passenger rail traffic diminished, and the Cape Codder service ended with the New Haven Railroad's discontinuing of passenger rail service to Cape Cod.
Kashan University of Medical Sciences
Kashan University of Medical Sciences (KAUMS) is a  medical school of Iran. Located in the central city of Kashan, the university was established in 1986. The university has 5 Schools and offers degrees in 23 fields including PhDs and residency degrees for post graduate applicants. The university operates 5 teaching hospitals and over 60 clinics in the city and surrounding areas.

Kashan
Kashan (Persian: کاشان; [kɒːˈʃɒːn] ⓘ) is a city in the Central District of Kashan County, in the northern part of Isfahan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Kashan is one of the oldest cities in Iran and is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world.
Zadroże
Zadroże [zaˈdrɔʐɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Trzyciąż, within Olkusz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. 
In local baptism records from 1792, the town is called Zadroz.

Gmina Trzyciąż
Gmina Trzyciąż is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Olkusz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Trzyciąż, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of Olkusz and 31 km (19 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kraków.

The gmina covers an area of 96.56 square kilometres (37.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,131.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Dłubnia Landscape Park.
Oymyakonsky District
Oymyakonsky District (Russian: Оймяко́нский улу́с; Yakut: Өймөкөөн улууһа, Öymököön uluuha, [øjmøkøːn uluːha]) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic and borders with Ust-Maysky District in the southwest, Tomponsky District in the west, Momsky District in the north, Susumansky District of Magadan Oblast in the east, and with Okhotsky District of Khabarovsk Krai in the south. The area of the district is 92,300 square kilometers (35,600 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a settlement) of Ust-Nera. Population: 10,109 (2010 Census); 14,670 (2002 Census); 31,078 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Ust-Nera accounts for 63.9% of the district's total population.

Tomponsky District
Tomponsky District (Russian: Томпонский улу́с; Yakut: Томпо улууһа, Tompo uluuha) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the east of the republic and borders with Momsky District in the northeast, Oymyakonsky District in the east, Ust-Maysky District in the southeast, Tattinsky District in the southwest, Ust-Aldansky and Kobyaysky Districts in the west, and with Verkhoyansky District in the north and northwest. The area of the district is 135,800 square kilometers (52,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a settlement) of Khandyga. Population: 14,099 (2010 Census); 15,275 (2002 Census); 22,844 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Khandyga accounts for 47.1% of the district's total population.
Songs from the Earth
Songs From the Earth is the debut album by horror punk/deathrock supergroup Son of Sam. The album was a tribute to Glenn Danzig's former band Samhain, though there are no cover songs on the album. Danzig himself plays backup guitar on "Stray," and plays backup guitar and keyboards on the title track "Songs from the Earth." Allmusic notes "Evernight" as sounding like 'Sonic Youth-like art noise' and the title track as being 'very much in the classic Misfits vein.'

Horror punk
Horror punk is a music genre that mixes punk rock and 1950s-influenced doo-wop and rockabilly sounds with morbid and violent imagery and lyrics which are often influenced by horror films and science fiction B-movies. The genre was pioneered by the Misfits during the late 1970s to early 1980s, followed by bands such as Mourning Noise, the Undead and Samhain.

By the late 1990s to early 2000s, the genre gained wider prominence through the Misfits' reunion tour, as well as the success of groups like AFI, Son of Sam and the Murderdolls, which was then later proliferated by the formation of Blitzkid, Calabrese and Creeper.
Lockwood de Forest
Lockwood de Forest (June 8, 1850 – April 3, 1932) was an American painter, interior designer and furniture designer. A key figure in the Aesthetic Movement, he introduced the East Indian craft revival to Gilded Age America.

As a young man, de Forest first worked as a painter, taking the lessons of his Hudson River School contemporaries. In 1879, de Forest began his career in the decorative arts working at Associated Artists along with Louis Comfort Tiffany, before starting his own decorating business that he ran for thirty years. Upon his retirement, de Forest moved to Santa Barbara where he returned to his love of painting while still taking design commissions from local patrons.

Bryn Mawr College
Bryn Mawr College (/brɪn ˈmɑːr/ brin MAR, Welsh: [brɨn ˈmaur]) is a private women's liberal arts college in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded as a Quaker institution in 1885, Bryn Mawr is one of the Seven Sister colleges, a group of historically women's colleges in the United States. The college has an enrollment of about 1,350 undergraduate students and 450 graduate students. It was one of the first women's colleges in the United States to offer graduate education through a PhD.
The Agony of...
The Agony of... is a collection of conversational-style Australian television programs which originally screened between 2012 and 2015 on ABC1, and later aired in the United States on Vibrant TV Network. The format shows a number of well-known men and women talking to 
interviewer/narrator Adam Zwar.

Mirka Mora
Mirka Madeleine Mora (née Zelik; 18 March 1928 – 27 August 2018) was a French-born Australian visual artist and cultural figure who contributed significantly to the development of Australian contemporary art. Her media included drawing, painting, sculpture and mosaic.
Rancho Refugio de la Laguna Seca
Rancho Laguna Seca  (also called "Refugio de la Laguna Seca") was a  19,973-acre (80.83 km2) Mexican land grant in present day Santa Clara County, California given in 1834  by Governor José Figueroa to Juan Alvires.  "Laguna Seca" means "Dry Lake" in Spanish, and refers to the seasonal lake, Laguna Seca. The grant extended southward along Coyote Creek from Rancho Santa Teresa and Coyote to Rancho Ojo del Agua de la Coche and Morgan Hill.

Laguna Seca (Santa Clara County)
Laguna Seca (Spanish for "Dry Lake") is a seasonal lake located in south Santa Clara Valley in the Coyote Valley, an area critical to wildlife as the narrowest corridor connecting Mt. Hamilton and the Diablo Range on the east to the foothills of the Santa Cruz Mountains to the west. It is the largest freshwater wetland in Santa Clara County, California and lies between Tulare Hill and the Santa Teresa Hills just west of Santa Teresa Boulevard and north of Bailey Avenue. Laguna Seca is fed by Fisher Creek. A man-made channel extends Fisher Creek to Coyote Creek.
Lademoen
Lademoen is a neighborhood in the city of Trondheim in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is situated the borough of Østbyen in Trondheim Municipality, about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) east of Midtbyen, the city centre of Trondheim. Lademoen was transferred from Strinda Municipality to Trondheim Municipality in 1893.

The neighborhood is the site of Lademoen Church (Lademoen kirke).  The area is served by the Trøndelag Commuter Rail (Trønderbanen) with access at Lilleby Station. All buses east of town stop at Lademoen. Between 1893 and 1988 the Trondheim Tramway had a tram route from the city centre to Lademoen, which was expanded to Lade in 1958.

Lademoen Church
Lademoen Church (Norwegian: Lademoen kirke) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Trondheim Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. It is located in the Lademoen area of the city of Trondheim, immediately north of the old European route E6 highway. It is one of the churches for the Bakklandet og Lademoen parish which is part of the Nidaros domprosti (arch-deanery) in the Diocese of Nidaros. The stone-and-brick Art Nouveau church was built in a cruciform style in 1905 using plans drawn up by the architect Ole Stein. The church seats about 500 people, making it the second-largest church in Trondheim.
Faliszew
Faliszew [faˈliʂɛf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Przedbórz, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) north of Przedbórz, 35 km (22 mi) east of Radomsko, and 76 km (47 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Przedbórz
Gmina Przedbórz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Przedbórz, which lies approximately 31 kilometres (19 mi) east of Radomsko and 83 km (52 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 189.94 square kilometres (73.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,595 (out of which the population of Przedbórz amounts to 3,758, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,837).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Przedbórz Landscape Park.
Fengtai–Shacheng railway
The Fengtai–Shacheng railway or Fengsha railway (simplified Chinese: 丰沙铁路; traditional Chinese: 豐沙鐵路; pinyin: Fēngshā Tiělù) is a dual-track, electrified, railway in northern China. The Fengtai–Shacheng railway runs 105 km (65 mi) from Fengtai District in western Beijing Municipality to Shacheng Town in Huailai County, Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province. The line passes through Beijing's Fengtai, Shijingshan and Mentougou Districts, and Huailai County in Zhangjiakou City, northern Hebei. The original single track line was built from 1952 to 1955. The second track was added in 1972. The line was electrified in 1984.

Shacheng, Hebei
Shacheng (Chinese: 沙城; pinyin: Shāchéng) is a town located in Huailai County, under the administration of Zhangjiakou, in the northwest of Hebei province in Northern China. Shacheng is the county seat of Hualai. It is located 67 kilometres (42 mi) southeast of the urban area of Zhangjiakou and more than 80 kilometres (50 mi) from the urban area of Beijing. The town is associated with wine production. It had a population of 114,569 in 2019.
Ulbster
Ulbster is a scattered crofting hamlet on the eastern coast of Caithness, within the parish of Wick, in the Scottish Highlands, within the Highland Council area. The town of Wick is located seven miles north of the village along the A99 road. To the south of the village, two miles along the A99, lies the ancient port of Whaligoe, where the famous 330 steps were cut into a cliff on the instruction of Thomas Telford in 1786.

Whaligoe
Whaligoe is a small port in Caithness, in the Highland area of Scotland, which was prospected by Thomas Telford in 1786 during his tour of northern fishing harbours for the British Fishing Society. His judgement of the place was that it was a "terrible spot".  However, undaunted, Captain David Brodie spent £8 to cut the famous 330 steps. His confidence was rewarded in 1814 with the harbour supporting 14 herring boats.
Jason Donovan
Jason Sean Donovan (born 1 June 1968) is an Australian actor and singer. He initially achieved fame in the Australian soap Neighbours, playing Scott Robinson, before beginning a career in music. In 1988 Jason was signed to PWL and has sold estimated 3 million records. His debut album Ten Good Reasons was the highest-selling album in the UK in 1989, with sales of over 1.5 million. He has had four UK No. 1 singles. He has also appeared in several stage musicals, most prominently in the lead role of Joseph and the Amazing Technicolor Dreamcoat in the early 1990s.

London Palladium
The London Palladium (/pəˈleɪdiəm/ pə-LAY-dee-əm) is a Grade II* West End theatre located on Argyll Street, London, in Soho. The theatre was designed by Frank Matcham and opened in 1910. The auditorium holds 2,286 people. Hundreds of stars have played there, many with televised performances. Between 1955 and 1969 Sunday Night at the London Palladium was staged at the venue, produced for the ITV network. The show included a performance by the Beatles on 13 October 1963; one newspaper's headlines in the following days coined the term "Beatlemania" to describe the hysterical interest in the band.

While the theatre hosts resident shows, it is also able to host one-off performances, such as concerts, TV specials and Christmas pantomimes. It has hosted the Royal Variety Performance 43 times, most recently in 2019.
The Homes of Donegal
The Homes of Donegal is an Irish ballad written by songwriter Seán McBride in 1955. It has been performed by a number of singers, including Paul Brady.

McBride was a native of Cruit Island which is in The Rosses area of north-west County Donegal. He was a school teacher at St. Baithin's Primary School in the village of St Johnston (East Donegal) for most of his life. He died at the age of 90 in August 1996 and is buried on his native Cruit Island.

McBride only wrote the lyrics; the actual air itself may be 150 or more years old. There are many songs which use a similar melody, including a song called "The Faughan Side", which may have inspired the melody for the "Homes of Donegal".

The Rosses
The Rosses (officially known by its Irish language name, Na Rosa; in the genitive case Na Rosann) is a traditional district in the west of County Donegal, Ireland. The Rosses has a population of over 7,000 centred on the town of Dungloe, which acts as the educational, shopping and civic centre for the area. Defined by physical boundaries in the form of rivers, as well as history and language use, the area has a distinctive identity, separate from the rest of County Donegal. The extensive district lies between the parish and district of Gweedore to the north and the town of Glenties to the south. A large part of the Rosses is in the Gaeltacht (Irish-speaking region). The Rosses, Cloughaneely and Gweedore, known locally as "the three parishes", with 16,000 Irish speakers, together form a social and cultural region different from the rest of the county, with Gweedore serving as the main centre for socialising and industry. Gaeltacht an Láir is another Irish-speaking area.
Neyveli Airport
Neyveli Airport (IATA: NVY, ICAO: VONY) is located in Neyveli, Tamil Nadu, India. The airport is owned by the Neyveli Lignite Corporation (NLC) and is located at National Highway 45C, adjacent to the NLC township. The airport is spread over 220 acres and has a 3000 square metre apron suitable for one ATR-72 sized aircraft.
Vayudoot used to operate flights to Chennai Airport with their Dornier Do 228-100 from here in the 1990s but services were withdrawn after a while.

The Airports Authority of India is upgrading the airport to enable commencement of commercial flights under the Regional Connectivity Scheme (RCS) by the end of 2018. Civil work such as runway re-carpeting, construction of terminal building, etc., have been taken up.

Vayudoot
Vayudoot (Hindi: वायुदूत, romanized: Vāyudūt, lit. 'messenger who rides on the wind') was a regional airline in India established on 20 January 1981 as a joint venture between the two state-owned carriers, Indian Airlines and Air India. The airline was headquartered at New Delhi's Safdarjung Airport and was originally conceived to serve Northeast India. The regional hub for the region was Calcutta and the airline flew to close to 30 destinations in this challenging area. Many of the airfields saw the resumption of commercial flights and fixed-wing aircraft after many decades of their absence.

The airline consistently lost money since its formation due to low occupancy. The government, struggling to find a solution to Vayudoot's continuing financial problems, considered both closure and privatisation as options, since the carrier's route and fleet structure made the operation unprofitable.
Teapot effect
The teapot effect, also known as dribbling, is a fluid dynamics phenomenon that occurs when a liquid being poured from a container runs down the spout or the body of the vessel instead of flowing out in an arc.

Pouring
Pouring is the act of tilting an open container which has liquid or bulk flowable solid inside of it, to cause the contents to flow out of the container under the influence of gravity. This may be done to move the contents to another container (such as pouring a shared drink from a bottle into individual cups), to coat a surface with the contents (as in pouring a syrup onto solid food, or the artistic technique of paint pouring), or simply to empty the original container.
North Carolina-South Carolina Cornerstone
North Carolina-South Carolina Cornerstone is a historic boundary marker located near Lancaster, Lancaster County, South Carolina. It was erected in 1813, and is located on the boundary between Lancaster County, South Carolina and Union County, North Carolina. The cornerstone was erected by commissioners appointed by the two states to survey the boundary between the western termination of the boundary line which had been run in 1764 and to the southeast corner of Catawba lands. The cornerstone is an uneven, rectangular, upright metamorphosed igneous stone marker approximately two feet high. The top part of the cornerstone, which contains the engraved notations, "N.C." and "S.C." was broken off when a car hit the marker in 1977. On the portion of the stone remaining at the original site can be seen "A.D. 1818."

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Lancaster, South Carolina
Lancaster (/ˈleɪŋkəstər/) is a city in and the county seat of Lancaster County, South Carolina, United States, located in the Charlotte Metropolitan Area. As of the 2020 census, Lancaster had a population of 8,460. The city was named after the famous House of Lancaster.
Kensington, Maryland
Kensington is a town in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. The population was 2,122 at the 2020 United States census. Greater Kensington encompasses the entire 20895 ZIP code, with a population of 19,753 in 2020.

Wheaton, Maryland
Wheaton is a census-designated place in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, situated north of Washington, D.C., and northwest of downtown Silver Spring. Wheaton takes its name from Frank Wheaton (1833–1903), a career officer in the United States Army and volunteer from Rhode Island in the Union Army who rose to the rank of major-general while serving before, during, and after the Civil War.

Wheaton had a population of 52,150 at the 2020 census. The United States Postal Service has assigned ZIP code 20902 to Wheaton, but the Wheaton Post Office is a part of the larger Silver Spring area. Downtown Wheaton is located around the triangle formed by Veirs Mill Road, University Boulevard, and Georgia Avenue.
Velsheda
The J-class yacht Velsheda was designed by Charles Ernest Nicholson and built in 1933 by Camper and Nicholsons at Gosport, Hampshire. She was built for businessman William Lawrence Stephenson and between 1933 and 1936, she won many races and competed with other yachts of her era such as Britannia, Endeavour and Shamrock V.

J Class (yacht)
The J Class of racing yachts were built to the specifications of Nathanael Herreshoff's Universal Rule. The J Class is considered the apex of the era when the Universal Rule determined eligibility in the  America's Cup.

With boats costing $10-20 million to build and yearly upkeep around $3 million, J Class racing has been described as the "most expensive hobby on Earth".
Going, Going, Gone (Luke Combs song)
"Going, Going, Gone" is a song by American country music singer Luke Combs. It was released on October 24, 2022 as the third single from his third studio album Growin' Up. Combs wrote the song with Ray Fulcher and James McNair, and produced it with Chip Matthews and Jonathan Singleton.

Luke Combs
Luke Albert Combs (/koʊmz/; born March 2, 1990) is an American country singer. He was born in North Carolina and grew up there, performing as a child. After leaving college to pursue a career in music, he moved to Nashville and released his debut EP, The Way She Rides, in 2014.

In 2017, Combs released his debut album, This One's for You, which reached number four on the Billboard 200. His second album, What You See Is What You Get, was released in 2019 and topped the charts in multiple territories, becoming his first to accomplish that. He has received three Grammy Award nominations, two iHeart Radio music awards, four Academy of Country Music Awards, and six Country Music Association Awards including the 2021 and 2022 Entertainer of the Year award, their highest honor.