hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
M'pozo River
The M'pozo (French: Rivière M'pozo) is a river in the province of Bas-Congo in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Its source is located in Angola and it forms part of the Angola–Democratic Republic of the Congo border. The river ends on the left bank of the Congo River, a few kilometres upstream of Matadi.

The river is especially known for the lower part of its course and for its canyon, which is used by the Matadi–Kinshasa Railway, and which constituted the principal difficulty during the construction of this railway line at the end of the 19th century.

5°48′41″S 13°29′00″E﻿ / ﻿5.81139°S 13.4833°E﻿ / -5.81139; 13.4833

Matadi
Matadi is the chief sea port of the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the capital of the Kongo Central province, adjacent to the border with Angola.It had a population of 245,862 (2004). Matadi is situated on the left bank of the Congo River, 148 km (92 mi) from the mouth and 8 km (5.0 mi) below the last navigable point before the rapids that make the river impassable for a long stretch upriver.
Biblis (opera)
Biblis (Byblis) is an opera by the French composer Louis Lacoste, first performed at the Académie Royale de Musique (the Paris Opera) on 6 November 1732. It takes the form of a tragédie en musique in a prologue and five acts. The libretto, by de Fleury, is based on the myth of Byblis in Ovid's Metamorphoses.

Louis Lacoste (composer)
Louis Lacoste, also given as De La Coste (c. 1675 – c. 1750) was a French composer of the Baroque era. He was a singer, first appearing in the chorus of André-Cardinal Destouches' Issé (1697) then chorus master and leader of the orchestra at the Paris Opéra (from 1710 to 1714). He composed several works for the stage, the most successful of which was Philomèle, first performed on 20 October 1705 by the Académie Royale de Musique at the Théâtre du Palais-Royal in Paris, and revived in 1709, 1723, and 1734. Bradamante was a "bruising failure".
Rufisque department
Rufisque department is one of the 46 departments of Senegal and one of the four which make up the Dakar region.

There are six urban communes within the department: Bargny, Sébikotane, Diamniadio, Jaxaay-Parcelle-Niakoul Rap, Sangalkam and Sendou. The rest of the department is divided into two arrondissements.

Rufisque Arrondissement is subdivided into three communes de arrondissement: Rufisque Est, Rufisque Nord and Rufisque Ouest.

Bambylor Arrondissement is subdivided into 3 rural districts (communautés rurales); 
Yéne
Bambylor
Tivaouane Peulh-Niaga

Sébikhotane
Sébikhotane is a town and urban commune in the Dakar Region of western Senegal. It is located in the Rufisque Department. The population in 2023 was 42,839.

Sébikotane is located 45 km east of Dakar. The village was founded by Sébikotane Sereres in 1736. A Catholic seminary was founded in 1911. It was the seat of a rural community from 1984 to 1996. The town received commune status in 1996. The population is mainly composed of farmers and farm workers.
Blastania garcinii
Blastania garcinii, also known as Garcin's bur cucumber, is a tender climber of the family Cucurbitaceae. It is one of the three species of the genus Blastania. The species was named after French botanist Laurent Garcin, who traveled India in the 18th century.

Blastania
Blastania is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae.

Its native range is Tropical and Southern Africa, Madagascar, Arabian Peninsula, Indian subcontinent.

Its species are:

Blastania cerasiformis (Stocks) A.Meeuse

Blastania garcinii (Burm.f.) Cogn.

Blastania lucorum (Keraudren) H.Schaef.
Minit Records
Minit Records was an American independent record label, originally based in New Orleans and founded by Joe Banashak in 1959. Ernie K-Doe, Aaron Neville, Irma Thomas, and Benny Spellman were early artists on the label. Later artists included Bobby Womack and Ike & Tina Turner.

Irma Thomas
Irma Thomas (née Lee; born February 18, 1941) is an American singer from New Orleans. She is known as the "Soul Queen of New Orleans".

Thomas is a contemporary of Aretha Franklin and Etta James, but never experienced their level of commercial success. In 2007, she won the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Blues Album for After the Rain, her first Grammy in a career spanning over 50 years.
Store Godthåb
Store Godthåb is a former late 18th-century country house in the Frederiksberg district of Copenhagen, Denmark. It is located on Godthåbsvej (No 79), which is named after the property, just west of its intersection with Nordre Fasanvej. The main building, a former barn and a third building were listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1954.

Godthåbsvej
Godthåbsvej is a street in the northwestern part of Copenhagen, Denmark. It begins at Bülowsvej in Frederiksberg as the direct continuation of Rosenørns Allé/Rolighedsvej and passes through Vanløse before reaching Bellahøj in Brønshøj. A metro station on the Copenhagen Metro City Circle Line is located at Aksel Møllers Have.
Cook–Folsom–Peterson Expedition
The Cook–Folsom–Peterson Expedition of 1869 was the first organized expedition to explore the region that became Yellowstone National Park. The privately financed expedition was carried out by David E. Folsom, Charles W. Cook and William Peterson of Diamond City, Montana, a gold camp in the Confederate Gulch area of the Big Belt Mountains east of Helena, Montana. The journals kept by Cook and Folsom, as well as their personal accounts to friends were of significant inspirational value to spur the organization of the Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition which visited Yellowstone in 1870.

Shoshone Lake
Shoshone Lake is a U.S. backcountry lake with an area of 8,050 acres (33 km2; 13 sq mi) with an elevation of 7,795 feet (2,376 m) in the southwest section of Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. It lies at the headwaters of the Lewis River, a tributary of the Snake River. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service believes that Shoshone Lake is the largest backcountry lake in the lower 48 states that cannot be reached by a road. The lake is located within the Yellowstone Caldera.
MetroCentre
Metrocentre (previously styled as MetroCentre) is a shopping centre and entertainment complex in the Dunston area of Gateshead. It is located on the former site of Dunston Power Station, near to the River Tyne.

Metrocentre opened in stages, with the first phase opening on 28 April 1986, and the official opening being held on 14 October that year. It has 210 shops, 63 restaurants, an Odeon cinema, a Clip n’ Climb, a bowling alley, a Namco Funscape, The Escapologist and Treetop Golf, occupying over 2,000,000 sq ft (190,000 m2) of retail floor space, making it one of the largest shopping centres in the UK. Additional retail space can be found in the adjoining Metro Retail Park and MetrOasis.

Dunston, Tyne and Wear
Dunston is a western area of the town of Gateshead on the south bank of the River Tyne, in the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead, North East England (into which it was absorbed in 1974). Dunston had a population of 18,326 at the 2011 Census.
Kentucky Route 125
Kentucky Route 125 (KY 125) is a 6.296-mile-long (10.132 km) state highway in Fulton County, Kentucky, United States. It runs from Tennessee State Route 5 (SR 5) at the Kentucky–Tennessee state line north of Woodland Mills, Tennessee, to KY 94 in Hickman.

Tennessee State Route 5
State Route 5 (SR 5) is a 120-mile-long (190 km) north–south state highway in the western part of the U.S. state of Tennessee. Except for the section northwest of Union City, it is entirely concurrent with U.S. Route 45 (US 45) and US 45W.
Lake Sakakawea
Lake Sakakawea is a large reservoir in the north central United States, impounded in 1953 by Garrison Dam, a U.S. Army Corps of Engineers dam located in the Missouri River basin in central North Dakota. Named for the Shoshone-Hidatsa woman Sacagawea (who accompanied the Lewis and Clark Expedition), it is the largest man-made lake located entirely within North Dakota, the second largest in the United States by area after Lake Oahe, and the third largest in the United States by volume, after Lake Mead and Lake Powell.

The lake is located about fifty miles (80 km) from the state capital of Bismarck; the distance by the Missouri River is about 75 miles (120 km). The lake's width averages between 2–3 miles (3–5 km), with a maximum of 14 miles (23 km) at Van Hook Arm. Lake Sakakawea marks the maximum southwest extent of glaciation during the ice age. The lake is located within the counties of: Dunn, McKenzie, McLean, Mercer, Mountrail, and Williams.

Mercer County, North Dakota
Mercer County is a county in the U.S. state of North Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,350. and was estimated to be 8,348 in 2024. The county seat is Stanton and the largest city is Beulah.
Roger Kimball
Roger Kimball (born 1953) is an American art critic and conservative social commentator. He is the editor and publisher of The New Criterion and the publisher of Encounter Books. Kimball first gained notice in the early 1990s with the publication of his book Tenured Radicals: How Politics Has Corrupted Higher Education.

He currently serves on the board of the Manhattan Institute, and as a Visitor of Ralston College, a start-up liberal arts college based in Savannah, Georgia. He is Chairman of the William F. Buckley, Jr. Program in New Haven and has also served on the Board of Visitors of St. John's College (Annapolis and Santa Fe) and the board of Transaction Publishers.

On May 7, 2019, he was awarded the Bradley Prize in Washington, D.C.

On September 12, 2019, he was awarded the Thomas L. Phillips Career Achievement Award from The Fund for American Studies.

Ralston College
Ralston College is a private unaccredited liberal arts college in Savannah, Georgia. It describes itself as being dedicated to "freedom of thought and speech", and is associated with prominent conservative figures, with Stephen Blackwood as president, Jordan B. Peterson as its former Chancellor and funding from conservatives including Paul Marshall. The first cohort of graduate students for Ralston College's one-year MA in the Humanities began the program in the fall of 2022.
History of variational principles in physics
In physics, a variational principle is an alternative method for determining the state or dynamics of a physical system, by identifying it as an extremum (minimum, maximum or saddle point) of a function or functional. Variational methods are exploited in many modern software applications to simulate matter and light.

Since the development of analytical mechanics in the 18th century, the fundamental equations of physics have usually been established in terms of action principles, where the variational principle is applied to the action of a system in order to recover the fundamental equation of motion.

This article describes the historical development of such action principles and other variational methods applied in physics. See History of physics for an overview and Outline of the history of physics for related histories.

Outline of physics
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to physics:

Physics – natural science that involves the study of matter and its motion through spacetime, along with related concepts such as energy and force. More broadly, it is the general analysis of nature, conducted in order to understand how the universe behaves.
Anderson baronets
There have been nine baronetcies created for persons with the surname Anderson, four in the Baronetage of England, one in the Baronetage of Great Britain and four in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. All creations are extinct.

Anderson baronets of St Ives (1629)

Anderson baronets of Penley (1643)

Anderson baronets of Broughton (1660)

Anderson baronets of Eyworth (1664)

Anderson baronets of Mill Hill (1798): see Sir John Anderson, 1st Baronet, of Mill Hill

Anderson baronets of Fermoy (1813): see Sir James Anderson, 1st Baronet

Anderson baronets of Parkmount (1911): see Sir Robert Anderson, 1st Baronet (1837–1921)

Anderson baronets of Ardtaraig (1919): see Sir Kenneth Anderson, 1st Baronet (1866–1942)

Anderson baronets of Harrold Priory (1920): see  Sir John Anderson, 1st Baronet, of Harrold Priory (1878–1963)

Sir Kenneth Anderson, 1st Baronet
Sir Kenneth Skelton Anderson, 1st Baronet, KCMG (21 December 1866 – 9 December 1942), was a British shipowner and public servant. He was a manager of the Orient Steam Navigation Company and a director of Anderson, Green & Co., shipowners.

Anderson was educated at Harrow School. He matriculated at New College, Oxford, in 1885.  He followed his father into the family business after his graduation.

During the First World War, he served in numerous committees related to shipping, and was a close associate of the Shipping Controller, Sir Joseph Maclay.

Anderson was created a KCMG in 1909 and a baronet, of Ardtaraig in the County of Perth, in 1919. He was also a Commander of the Order of the Crown of Italy.
Mamula
Mamula (Montenegrin: Мамула), also known colloquially as Lastavica, is an uninhabited islet in the Adriatic Sea, within the southwestern Montenegrin municipality of Herceg Novi.

Mamula is located between Prevlaka and Luštica peninsulas at the entrance to the Bay of Kotor. This small islet is of circular shape, and is 200m in diameter. It is 3.4 nautical miles (6.3 km) away from Herceg Novi.

Luštica
Luštica (Montenegrin: Луштица, pronounced [lûːʃtit͡sa]) is a peninsula on the south Adriatic Sea, located at the entrance of the Bay of Kotor (Serbo-Croatian: Boka kotorska or Boka) in southwestern Montenegro. It effectively separates Tivat Bay from the Adriatic.

The peninsula has an area of 47 km2 and is 13 km long. The highest point of the peninsula is Obosnik peak, at 582 m. It has 35 km of coast, which accounts for 12% of Montenegrin coastline. Lustica is divided between Herceg Novi and Tivat Montenegrin municipalities.
Loochoo Naval Mission
The Loochoo Naval Mission (1843–1861) was a Church of England mission society dedicated in the Christian outreach to outlying Ryukyu Islands. At the time, the islands were a sovereign nation but are now part of Japan.

The work of the mission was significant both in the history of the Ryukyu Kingdom and as the first recorded Anglican and Protestant mission activity in the Japanese archipelago.

Ryukyu Kingdom
The Ryukyu Kingdom was a kingdom in the Ryukyu Islands from 1429 until 1872, when it was reorganized as the Ryukyu Domain, before being fully abolished in 1879. It was ruled as a tributary state of the Ming dynasty by the Ryukyuan monarchy, who unified Okinawa Island to end the Sanzan period, and subsequently extended the kingdom to the Amami Islands and Sakishima Islands. The Ryukyu Kingdom played a central role in the maritime trade networks of medieval East Asia and Southeast Asia despite its small size. The Ryukyu Kingdom became a vassal state of the Satsuma Domain of Japan after the invasion of Ryukyu in 1609 but retained de jure independence until it was transformed into the Ryukyu Domain by the Empire of Japan in 1872. The Ryukyu Domain was abolished by the Meiji government in 1879 and reorganized as Okinawa Prefecture, and the Ryukyuan monarchy was integrated into the new Japanese nobility.
Myrrha Lot-Borodine
Myrrha Lot-Borodine (1882–1954) was a Russian-born French academic who specialized in French and Anglo-Saxon medieval literature and Eastern Orthodox theology. She was the daughter of Ivan Parfenievich Borodin and married Ferdinand Lot. They had three daughters. The eldest, Irène, married Boris Vildé. The historian Inna Lubimenko was her sister.

Inna Lubimenko
Inna Ivanovna Lubimenko (Любименко Инна Ивановна), or Lioubimenko, (1(13) April 1878 – 15 January 1959) was a Russian and Soviet historian of the early modern period and a specialist in Anglo-Russian relations. She earned her doctorate in Paris and travelled regularly to London and Moscow in the course of her researches, publishing articles in English language and French journals. She was the only woman to address the International Congress of Historical Studies in London in 1913.

From 1916 she was based in Russia, working as a researcher, archivist, and lecturer at official academic institutions, particularly the Academy of Sciences whose history she researched and helped to write. She was evacuated from Leningrad during the Second World War with her institute and received the medals for the "defence of Leningrad" and for "Valiant Labour in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." After her retirement she wrote essays on the history of Saint Petersburg where she died in 1959.
Harold S. Goldberg
Harold S. Goldberg was an associate dean of the Gordon Institute, which became a graduate school of Tufts University. He received his BEE from the Cooper Union and his MEE from the New York University Tandon School of Engineering, then known as the Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn. He won the Gordon Prize. He was the first chair of the IEEE.

Goldberg was founding president of Data Precision Company (which designed, manufactured and sold worldwide, precision digital measuring instruments) from 1971 to 1981 when it was merged with Analogic Corporation.

Gordon Prize
The Bernard M. Gordon Prize was started in 2001 by the United States National Academy of Engineering.  Its purpose is to recognize leaders in academia for the development of new educational approaches to engineering.  Each year, the Gordon Prize awards $500,000 to the grantee, of which the recipient may personally use $250,000, and his or her institution receives $250,000 for the ongoing support of academic development.  Although the Gordon Prize is relatively new, within engineering education, it is viewed by many to be the American equivalent of the Nobel Prize.
William Dutt
William Alfred Dutt (1870 - 18 September 1939) was an East Anglian writer and naturalist. He was noted as a very knowledgeable recluse. For many years he lived in a cottage full of books in Carlton Colville, Suffolk.

Carlton Colville
Carlton Colville is a seaside town and civil parish in the English county of Suffolk. It is 3 miles (5 km) south-west of the centre of the town of Lowestoft in the East Suffolk district. The area lies along the A146 Lowestoft to Beccles road.

Carlton Colville has boundaries with Oulton Broad, Gisleham and Pakefield. It forms the south-western edge of Lowestoft, with Mutford 2 miles (3 km) to the south-east. The electoral ward continues to the north to the River Waveney and had a population of 6,612 at the 2001 census, increasing to 8,505 at the 2011 census. A civil parish, the parish council adopted town council status in August 2011, retaining the same powers and funding.
CD248
Endosialin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD248 gene.

Endosialin is a member of the “Group XIV”, a novel family of C-type lectin transmembrane receptors which play a role not only in cell–cell adhesion processes but also in host defence. This family comprise three other members, CLEC14A, CD93 and Thrombomodulin the latter of which are better characterized.

The function of endosialin remains elusive, but its expression has been associated with angiogenesis in the embryo and uterus and in tumor development and growth.

C-type lectin
A C-type lectin (CLEC) is a type of carbohydrate-binding protein known as a lectin. The C-type designation is from their requirement for calcium for binding. Proteins that contain C-type lectin domains have a diverse range of functions including cell-cell adhesion, immune response to pathogens and apoptosis.
Sugar Plum Fairies
Sugar Plum Fairies were a folk and pop band from Fyresdal, Vest-Telemark, Norway, formed in 2000, who released one studio album. The band plays pop music influenced by the folk music tradition of their native Telemark, using folk instruments like the Norwegian hardanger fiddle and accordion alongside guitar and piano, as well as brass instruments such as the trumpet and euphonium. The band perform songs in their native dialect.

On 2 June 2009, the band announced on their Facebook page that they were on indefinite hiatus.

Fyresdal
Fyresdal is a municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Vest-Telemark. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Moland. Other villages in Fyresdal include Kilegrend, Øvre Birtedalen, and Øyane.

The 1,280-square-kilometre (490 sq mi) municipality is the 78th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Fyresdal is the 317th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,224. The municipality's population density is 1.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.8/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 9.3% over the previous 10-year period.
2018 MCC Tri-Nation Series
2018 MCC Tri-nation series was a  cricket tournament that was held on 29 July 2018 at Lord's in England. The series featured Nepal, Netherlands and Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC), with the matches played as Twenty20 fixtures. The third fixture, between Nepal and the Netherlands, was given full Twenty20 International (T20I) status by the International Cricket Council (ICC).

Rain affected all three matches. The first two fixtures were both reduced to six overs per side. In the third and final match, only 16.4 overs of play was possible, with the game ending in a no result. Nepal and the Netherlands shared the series.

Aarif Sheikh
Aarif Sheikh (Nepali: आरिफ शेख्; born 5 October 1997) is a Nepalese cricketer, who has been a former vice-captain of the Nepal under-19 cricket team and currently plays for the senior team. Aarif is a right-handed batsman and a right-arm medium pace bowler. He made his List A debut for Nepal in the 2015 ICC World Cricket League Division Two tournament against Namibia on 21 January 2015. He was one of the eleven cricketers to play in Nepal's first ever One Day International (ODI) match, against the Netherlands, in August 2018.

His younger brother, Aasif Sheikh, also plays for the national team as a Wicket-keeper batter. Aarif has been known for guiding his younger brother as a mentor in their childhood. They have been playing together in the national team since 2021, mostly in ODI-Format of the game.
Priceline.com
Priceline.com is an online travel agency for finding discount rates for travel-related purchases such as airline tickets and hotel stays. The company facilitates the provision of travel services from its suppliers to its clients. Priceline.com is headquartered in Norwalk, Connecticut, United States and is wholly owned by Booking Holdings, which also owns Kayak.com, Booking.com and other sites. The company was founded in 1997. It operates in more than 200 countries and territories around the world and has partnerships with over 400 airlines and 300,000 hotels. Users can search for travel deals and discounts on the website; in the past it also offered the "Name Your Own Price" feature to bid on hotel rooms and flights.

Norwalk, Connecticut
Norwalk is a city in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. The city, part of the New York Metropolitan Area, is the sixth-most populous city in Connecticut as of the 2020 census, with a population of 91,184.

Norwalk is on the northern shore of Long Island Sound and was first settled in 1649.