hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1908 Vermont gubernatorial election
The 1908 Vermont gubernatorial election took place on September 1, 1908. Incumbent Republican Fletcher D. Proctor, per the "Mountain Rule", did not run for re-election to a second term as Governor of Vermont. Republican candidate George H. Prouty defeated Democratic candidate, Burlington mayor James Edmund Burke to succeed him.

George H. Prouty
George Herbert Prouty (March 4, 1862 – August 18, 1918) of Newport, Vermont, was a Republican member of the Vermont House of Representatives from 1896 to 1897; a member of Vermont State Senate from 1904 to 1906; the 46th lieutenant governor of Vermont from 1906 to 1908; the 52nd governor of Vermont from 1908 to 1910; and Delegate to the 1916 Republican National Convention.
Janice Peaslee Bridge
The Janice Peaslee Bridge (formerly known as the Maidstone-Stratford Hollow Bridge) is a pin-connected steel & wrought iron Pratt through truss bridge crossing the Connecticut River between Stratford, New Hampshire and Maidstone, Vermont.

Maidstone, Vermont
Maidstone is a town in Essex County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town had a population of 211.  It is part of the Berlin, NH –VT Micropolitan Statistical Area. There is no town center or gas station, but there is a town office building in the southern part of the town.
Vacqueyras
Vacqueyras (French pronunciation: [vakeʁas]; Occitan: Vaqueiràs) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

Vacqueyras is also the name of an Appellation for a wine from the Côtes du Rhône.

Dentelles de Montmirail
The Dentelles de Montmirail are a small chain of mountains in Provence in France, in the département of Vaucluse, located just to the south of the village of Vaison-la-Romaine.

They are foothills of the highest peak in Provence, Mont Ventoux, which is situated just to the east.  The dramatically jagged shape of their peaks was formed by horizontal strata of Jurassic limestone being folded and forced into a nearly upright position and subsequently eroded into sharp-edged ridges and spikes. The highest peak of the Dentelles is St-Amand, at 734 m (2,400 ft). The range, which is about 8 km wide, offers over 600 trails for walking, rock  climbing, and mountain  biking. The foot  of the Dentelles is surrounded by vineyards of the Rhône Valley.
Martial law in Trondheim
During the occupation of Norway by Germany, the occupying powers imposed martial law in Trondheim and other surrounding areas, effective October 6, 1942 through October 12, 1942. During this time, 34 Norwegians were killed by extrajudicial execution. This also served as a pretext for the arrest and detention of all male Jewish inhabitants of the area as part of the Holocaust in Norway.

Falstad concentration camp
Falstad concentration camp (Norwegian: Falstad fangeleir or German: SS-Strafgefangenenlager Falstad) was situated in the village of Ekne in what was Skogn Municipality (now part of Levanger Municipality in Trøndelag county) in Norway. It was used mostly for political prisoners from Nazi-occupied territories.
2005–06 Liga Artzit
The 2005–06 Liga Artzit season saw Hapoel Bnei Lod win the title and promotion to Liga Leumit alongside runners-up Maccabi Ahi Nazareth. Maccabi Tzur Shalom and Tzafririm Holon were relegated to Liga Alef.

Hapoel Bnei Lod F.C.
Hapoel Bnei Lod Rakevet F.C. (Hebrew: הפועל בני לוד) is a football club from the central Israeli city of Lod. The club plays in an all-red kit in , the third tier of Israeli football. Home matches are played at the Lod Municipal Stadium.
1940 United States Senate election in California
The United States Senate election in California of 1940 was held on November 5, 1940. Incumbent Republican Senator Hiram Johnson was re-elected to his fifth term in office, though he would die in office in 1945.

By cross-filing and winning the Democratic and Progressive primaries, Johnson eliminated his strongest competition and handily won the general election with only nominal opposition from the Prohibition Party.

Sam Yorty
Samuel William Yorty (October 1, 1909 – June 5, 1998) was an American politician, attorney, and radio host from Los Angeles, California. He served as a member of the United States House of Representatives and the California State Assembly, but he is most remembered for his turbulent three terms as the 37th mayor of Los Angeles from 1961 to 1973. Although Yorty spent almost all of his political career as a Democrat, he became a Republican in 1973.
Sarcodon stereosarcinon
Sarcodon stereosarcinon is a species of tooth fungus in the family Bankeraceae. Found in North America, it was described as new to science in 1940 by mycologist Lewis Edgar Wehmeyer, who found the original collections in Nova Scotia, Canada.

Lewis Edgar Wehmeyer
Lewis Edgar Wehmeyer (January 1, 1897, Quincy, Illinois – September 11, 1971, Ann Arbor, Michigan) was an American botanist and mycologist. He gained an international reputation as an expert on the genera Pleospora and Pyrenophora.
Ferrysburg, Michigan
Ferrysburg is a city in Ottawa County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, Ferrysburg had a population of 2,952.

Spring Lake Township borders the city on the north and east, though it is administratively autonomous. The village of Spring Lake is located to the southeast, on the opposite side of Spring Lake from Ferrysburg. The city of Grand Haven is located to the south, on the opposite side of the Grand River. Lake Michigan is to the west of the city. Spring Lake's ZIP code 49456 serves most locations in Ferrysburg as well; only a few areas have a Ferrysburg ZIP code.

US 31 passes north-south through the city and M-104 has its western terminus at US 31 in Ferrysburg.

M-104 (Michigan highway)
M-104 is a state trunkline highway in the US state of Michigan in the Western Michigan region of the state. It runs from Ferrysburg to Nunica in Ottawa County, passing through Spring Lake. The highway serves as a connector between Interstate 96 (I-96) and US Highway 31 (US 31), helping connect Grand Haven with the Grand Rapids metro area. A related Connector 104 runs between M-104 and US 31 in Ferrysburg. During the 1920s and 1930s, a different highway bore the M-104 designation. The current highway was previously a section of US 16 until 1940 when that designation was shifted to a road going from Nunica to Muskegon; the orphaned highway was redesignated M-104 at the same time. Since then, two routing changes have caused short segments to be transferred to local control and removed from the highway.
Makonnen Wolde Mikael
Ras Makonnen Wolde Mikael Wolde Melekot (Amharic: ራስ መኮንን ወልደ ሚካኤል ወልደ መለኮት; 8 May 1852 – 21 March 1906), or simply  Ras Makonnen, Horse name: Abba Qagnew (አባ ቃኘው), was an Ethiopian royal from Shewa, a military leader, the governor of Harar, and the father of future Emperor Haile Selassie. Described by Nikolai Gumilev as "one of the greatest leaders of Abyssinia", he served in the First Italo-Ethiopian War, playing a key role at the Battle of Adwa.

Hachalu Hundessa
Hachalu Hundessa (Oromo: Haacaaluu Hundeessaa Boonsaa; Amharic: ሃጫሉ ሁንዴሳ; 1986 – 29 June 2020) was an Ethiopian singer, songwriter, and  civil rights activist. Hachalu played a significant role in the 2014–2016 Oromo protests that led  to Abiy Ahmed taking charge of the Oromo Democratic Party and Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front, and subsequently becoming prime minister of Ethiopia in 2018.
The Meeting (1984 film)
The Meeting (Russian: «Встреча», romanized: Vstrecha) is a 1984 Soviet animation science fiction short film, produced by Ukrainian film studio Kievnauchfilm. The film tells the story that an alien is sent to Earth to investigate whether humans believe the probability of the arrival of Aliens on the planet. The alien, disguised as a man in formal attire, has a conversation with a fisherman on the topic in a log cabin, and then draws the conclusion that humans don't believe such probability. However, the fisherman turns out to be another disguised alien who comes to Earth studying the same issue in the end. The film was directed by Mikhail Titov, and its screenplay was written by V. Zayats.

Kievnauchfilm
The Kievnauchfilm (Russian: Киевнаучфильм) or KyivNaukFilm (Ukrainian: Київнаукфільм), and sometimes translated as lit. Kyiv Science Film, was a film studio in the Soviet Union located in Kiev, Ukrainian SSR and Ukraine. Although it was created in 1941 to produce popular science films, it eventually became best known for its animated films, and remained active in Ukrainian animation for decades.
New Fereej Al Ghanim
New Fereej Al Ghanim (Arabic: فريج الغانم الجديد, romanized: Farīq al Ghānim al Jadīd; also referred to as Fereej Al Ghanim Al Jadeed) is a district in Qatar, located in the municipality of Al Rayyan.

In the 2015 census, it was listed as a district of Zone 55, which has a population of 283,675 and also includes Bu Sidra, Al Aziziya, Al Waab, Fereej Al Soudan, Muaither, Al Mearad, Fereej Al Manaseer, Fereej Al Murra and Al Sailiya.

It borders Al Aziziya to the north and east and Fereej Al Murra to the west.

Zone 55, Qatar
Zone 55 is a zone of the municipality of Al Rayyan in the state of Qatar. The main districts recorded in the 2015 population census were Fereej Al Soudan, Al Waab, Al Aziziya, New Fereej Al Ghanim, Fereej Al Murra, Fereej Al Manaseer, Bu Sidra, Muaither, Al Sailiya, and Al Mearad.
Dag Nasty
Dag Nasty was an American hardcore punk band from Washington D.C., formed in 1985 by guitarist Brian Baker of Minor Threat, drummer Colin Sears and bassist Roger Marbury, both of Bloody Mannequin Orchestra, and vocalist Shawn Brown (later of Swiz and Jesuseater). Their style of less aggressive, melodic hardcore was influential to post-hardcore.

Epitaph Records
Epitaph Records is an American independent record label owned by Bad Religion guitarist Brett Gurewitz. A large portion of the record label, known as Hellcat Records, is owned by Tim Armstrong, frontman of the punk rock band Rancid. Several sister labels also exist, such as ANTI-, Burning Heart Records, Hellcat Records, and Heart & Skull Records that have signed other types of bands.
Lycée Sisowath
Lycée Sisowath (Khmer: វិទ្យាល័យព្រះស៊ីសុវត្ថិ; also Sisowath High School) is a secondary school in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. The school was founded in 1873 as a collège (middle school) and became a lycée (middle and high school) in 1933. It is named after King Sisowath.

Ieng Thirith
Ieng Thirith (née Khieu; Khmer: អៀង ធីរិទ្ធ; 10 March 1932 – 22 August 2015) was an influential intellectual and politician in the Khmer Rouge, although she was neither a member of the Khmer Rouge Standing Committee nor of the Central Committee.  Ieng Thirith was the wife of Ieng Sary, who was Minister of Foreign Affairs of Democratic Kampuchea's Khmer Rouge regime. She served as Minister of Social Affairs from October 1975 until the fall of the Khmer Rouge in 1979.

She was the sister of Khieu Ponnary, who was the first wife of Pol Pot. She was arrested by the Extraordinary Chamber in the Courts of Cambodia (ECCC) in November 2007 with her husband, Ieng Sary, on suspicion of genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity.
Pomeranian Metropolitan Railway
The Pomeranian Metropolitan Railway (Polish: Pomorska Kolej Metropolitalna; PKM) is a company that owns commuter rail line in the Tricity area, in northern Poland. Founded in 2010, it began hosting scheduled rail service on the reconstructed Gdańsk Wrzeszcz–Gdańsk Osowa railway on 1 September 2015.

Tricity, Poland
Tricity (Polish: Trójmiasto; Kashubian: Trzëgard; German: Dreistadt) is an urban area in Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, primary consisting of the cities of Gdańsk, Gdynia, and Sopot on the shore of Gdańsk Bay. Inhabited by 960,000 people within the boundaries of the three cities, and approximately 1.09 million people across the surrounding metropolitan area, it is one of the principal urban areas of Poland and is home to several governmental institutions.

The concept of a singular Tricity metropolitan area first emerged following World War II, and the term is today widely used in several official and unofficial contexts.
Christopher Strachey
Christopher S. Strachey (/ˈstreɪtʃi/; 16 November 1916 – 18 May 1975) was a British computer scientist. A pioneer of programming language design, he was one of the founders of denotational semantics and computer time-sharing. He has also been credited as possibly the first developer of a video game and for coining terms such as polymorphism and referential transparency that are still widely used by developers. He was a member of the Strachey family, prominent in government, arts, administration, and academia.

Denotational semantics
In computer science, denotational semantics (initially known as mathematical semantics or Scott–Strachey semantics) is an approach of formalizing the meanings of programming languages by constructing mathematical objects (called denotations) that describe the meanings of expressions from the languages. Other approaches providing formal semantics of programming languages include axiomatic semantics and operational semantics.

Broadly speaking, denotational semantics is concerned with finding mathematical objects called domains that represent what programs do.  For example, programs (or program phrases) might be represented by partial functions or by games between the environment and the system.

An important tenet of denotational semantics is that semantics should be compositional: the denotation of a program phrase should be built out of the denotations of its subphrases.
Lingana
Lingana is a 2969 feet high pinnacle on the mainline of the Sahyadris between Raigad and Torna. It is in the Mahad Taluka of Raigad district and is 35 km from Mahad town.

It takes its name from its shape which is like a linga. The massive pinnacle has an ascent of four miles, the first half is easy to climb while the second is difficult. Its rock cut steps have been destroyed and the fort is almost completely inaccessible. The top of the fortified rock is 2500 feet square. No fortifications or buildings remain but there are traces of a grain store and some cisterns.

Torna Fort
Torna Fort, also known as Prachandagad, is a large fort located in Pune district, in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is historically significant because it was the first fort captured by Shivaji I in 1646, at the age of 16. The hill has an elevation of 1,403 metres (4,603 ft) above sea level, making it the highest hill-fort in the district. The name derives from Prachanda (Marathi for huge or massive) and gad (Marathi for fort).
Nastik (1983 film)
Nastik (transl. Atheist) is a 1983 Indian Hindi-language action drama film produced by Vinod Doshi and directed by Pramod Chakravorty. The film stars Amitabh Bachchan, Hema Malini, Pran, Deven Verma, Sarika, Amjad Khan, Aruna Irani, Madan Puri, Bhagwan Dada, Nalini Jaywant, Rita Bhaduri, Lalita Pawar, Bob Christo, and Tom Alter. The soundtrack was scored and composed by Kalyanji Anandji, and the songs were written by Anand Bakshi. It was the last film to pair Bachchan and Malini before they made a comeback 20 years later in Baghban (2003). The film was a moderate success at the box office.

Amjad Khan (actor)
Amjad Khan (12 November 1940 – 27 July 1992) was a renowned Indian actor and film director. He worked in over 132 films in a career spanning nearly twenty years. He was the son of the actor Jayant. He gained popularity for villainous roles in mostly Hindi films, the most famous among his enacted roles being Gabbar Singh in the 1975 film Sholay and of Dilawar in Muqaddar Ka Sikandar (1978).
Allendale County, South Carolina
Allendale County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,039, making it the least populous county in South Carolina. Its county seat is Allendale.

University of South Carolina Salkehatchie
The University of South Carolina Salkehatchie (USC Salkehatchie) is a public college with campuses in Allendale and Walterboro, South Carolina. It is one of four regional University of South Carolina System campuses which make up Palmetto College. USC Salkehatchie is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools as part of the flagship campus (University of South Carolina Columbia).  More than 1,100 students attend at one of its two sites.
Rick Savage
Richard Savage (born 2 December 1960) is an English musician best known as the bass guitarist and a founding member of the rock band Def Leppard. Savage and lead singer Joe Elliott are the only two remaining original members of the band. With drummer Rick Allen, they are also the only members who have performed on every album.

Pyromania (album)
Pyromania is the third studio album by English rock band Def Leppard, released on 20 January 1983 through Vertigo Records in Europe and through Mercury Records in the US. The first album to feature guitarist Phil Collen who replaced founding member Pete Willis, Pyromania was produced by Robert John "Mutt" Lange. The album was a shift away from the band's traditional heavy metal roots toward a more radio-friendly sound, finding massive mainstream success. Pyromania charted at No. 2 on the Billboard 200, No. 4 on the  Canadian RPM Album chart and No. 18 on the UK Albums Chart. Selling over ten million copies in the US, it has been certified diamond by the RIAA.
Amoy Operation
The Amoy Operation, also known as the Battle of Xiamen (Chinese: 廈門戰鬥) was part of a campaign by Japan during the Second Sino-Japanese War to blockade China to prevent it from communicating with the outside world and importing needed arms and materials. Control of Amoy Island would provide a base to make the blockade of Fujian province more effective.

Like the Canton Operation, the Amoy Operation was overseen by Koichi Shiozawa (1881-1943), who was the commander-in-chief of the Fifth Fleet during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945). The fleets warships bombarded the city to cover the landing of more than 2,000 invading troops. The poorly equipped defenders of the city were forced to withdraw and move to Sung-yu. The blockade was successful so that China's ability to counterattack was effectively crippled.

Kōichi Shiozawa
Kōichi Shiozawa (塩沢 幸一, Shiozawa Kōichi; March 5, 1881 – November 17, 1943) was an admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy during the Second Sino-Japanese War. The literary critic Rinsen Nakazawa was his older brother.
Brit HaBirionim
Brit HaBirionim (Hebrew: ברית הבריונים, variously translated as The Strongmen Alliance, Alliance of the Hoodlums, and The Covenant of the Outlaws) was a clandestine, self-declared fascist faction of the Revisionist Zionism movement in Mandatory Palestine, active between 1930 and 1933. It was founded by Abba Ahimeir, Uri Zvi Greenberg and Yehoshua Yeivin.

Uri Zvi Greenberg
Uri Zvi Greenberg (Hebrew: אורי צבי גרינברג; September 22, 1896 – May 8, 1981; also spelled Uri Zvi Grinberg) was an Israeli poet,  journalist and politician who wrote in Yiddish and Hebrew.

Widely regarded among the greatest poets in the country's history, he was awarded the Israel Prize in 1957 and the Bialik Prize in 1947, 1954 and 1977, all for his contributions to fine literature. Greenberg is considered the most significant representative of modernist Expressionism in Hebrew and Yiddish literature.
Muppandal
Muppandal is a small  village on the southern tip of India in Kanyakumari District, in the state of Tamil Nadu. It is located in a hilly region where wind from the Arabian Sea gusts through  mountain passes.

There is a legend that Avvaiyar had arranged for a marriage, to which she invited the sovereigns of the Chera, Chola and Pandya kingdoms. This is located in between Tirunelveli and Kanyakumari Highway (NH), the nearest college from muppandal is Jayamatha Engineering College The kings erected pandals (mandapams) in the respective places allotted to them and this eventually led to the place being called Muppandal (meaning 'three pandals').

Jayamatha Engineering College
The Jayamatha Engineering College is located in Aralvaimozhi in the Kanyakumari district of Muppandal in Tamil Nadu, India

The college grew out of The Selvam Educational and Charitable Trust and Rajas Educational and charitable trust, under the chairmanship of philanthropist Dr. S.A. Raja.
2020–2021 Georgian political crisis
The 2020–2021 Georgian political crisis was a political crisis in Georgia that resulted from allegations by opposition parties that the 2020 Georgian parliamentary election was rigged. The opposition accused the ruling Georgian Dream party of election fraud and did not recognize the results. They announced protests and parliamentary boycott. The opposition held a rally on November 1, a day after the elections, and called for snap parliamentary elections. On November 2, the eight opposition parties refused to enter parliament. In February 2021, Prime Minister Giorgi Gakharia resigned over plans to arrest opposition leader Nika Melia, which occurred on 23 February. The crisis ended on 19 April 2021 after the signing of the EU-mediated agreement between the ruling party and the opposition.

European Socialists (Georgia)
European Socialists (Georgian: ევროპელი სოციალისტები, romanized: evrop'eli sotsialist'ebi) is a political party in Georgia. The party was founded on January 9, 2021, by four MPs who separated from the right-wing populist Alliance of Patriots. It did not participate in the 2024 parliamentary election, however, it is represented in the 11th convocation of Parliament of Georgia by 3 MPs who broke away from the ruling Georgian Dream party.

European Socialists advanced the ruling party's agenda and have been described as pro-ruling party or as its proxy. The party has supported the "foreign agent bill", anti-LGBT policies, and other initiatives of Georgian Dream.
Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control
The Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) is an extension to the adaptive cruise control (ACC) concept using Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication. CACC realises longitudinal automated vehicle control.
In addition to the feedback loop used in the ACC, which uses Radar, Camera and/or LIDAR measurements to derive the range to the vehicle in front, the preceding vehicle's acceleration is used in a feed-forward loop. The preceding vehicle's acceleration is obtained from the Cooperative Awareness Messages (alternatively BSM in the US) it transmits using ETSI ITS-G5, DSRC / WAVE technology (both based on IEEE 802.11p) or LTE-V2X PC5 interface as part of the C-V2X technology (specified by 3GPP). 
Generally, these messages are transmitted several times per second by future vehicles equipped with ITS capabilities.

Dedicated short-range communications
Dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) is a technology for direct wireless exchange of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) and other intelligent transportation systems (ITS) data between vehicles, other road users (pedestrians, cyclists, etc.), and roadside infrastructure (traffic signals, electronic message signs, etc.). DSRC, which can be used for both one- and two-way data exchanges, uses channels in the licensed 5.9 GHz band. DSRC is based on IEEE 802.11p.