hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shafiqullah Ghafari
Shafiqullah Ghafari (born 8 October 2001) is an Afghan cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Kabul Region in the 2019 Ahmad Shah Abdali 4-day Tournament on 4 April 2019. He made his Twenty20 debut on 8 October 2019, for Mis Ainak Knights in the 2019 Shpageeza Cricket League. Afghanistan's squad for the 2020 Under-19 Cricket World Cup also included Ghafari. In the opening fixture of the tournament, he took six wickets for fifteen runs. These were the best figures for a Afghanistan bowler in a U19 World Cup match. He was the leading wicket-taker for Afghanistan in the tournament, with sixteen dismissals in five matches. He made his List A debut on 16 October 2020, for Band-e-Amir Region in the 2020 Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament.

2019 Shpageeza Cricket League
The 2019 season of the Shpageeza Cricket League was the sixth edition of the Shpageeza, a professional Twenty20 cricket (T20) league established by the Afghanistan Cricket Board (ACB) in 2013, and the second edition to have official T20 status. The tournament featured the six regional teams that played in the previous season. The event took place between 9 and 18 October 2019, with the Alokozay Kabul International Cricket Ground hosting all the matches. The number of overseas players participating was significantly reduced from the previous edition, with the subsequent launch of the Afghanistan Premier League making that the main franchise Twenty20 league run by the ACB.

Mis Ainak Knights won the tournament, after they beat Band-e-Amir Dragons by four wickets in the final. Noor Ali Zadran (Mis Ainak Knights) was the leading run-scorer in the tournament with 354, and Nijat Masood (Band-e-Amir Dragons) took the most wickets with 11.
Richard Hyde (MP for Worcestershire)
Richard Hyde (1440–1490), of Stoke Bliss was a 15th-century member of the Herefordshire gentry and a Member of parliament for Worcestershire in the readeption parliament of King Henry VI which sat between 1470–1471 and for the same county under Edward IV the following year. He was a royal official under both kings, acting as escheator, customer and under-sheriff at various times. 
Hyde, originally from Swindon, had been in the service of  George, Duke of Clarence since at least 1471, and was one of the men the duke sent in 1477 to arrest Ankarette Twynho of Frome, on suspicion that she had murdered the duchess with poison. He became an "esquire and king's servant" to Richard III in 1484 with an annuity of £20 per annum, and the following year received a generic royal pardon in January 1485. He was dead by April 1490 when his will was proved; he was survived by his wife, Margaret, whom he appointed his executor, and his daughter Agnes, who married one Thomas Hinkley of Worcester.

Ankarette Twynho
Ankarette Twynho (Twinnewe, Twyniho; c. 1412–1477) was an English courtier and member of the Somerset gentry and had been a lady's maid to Isabel Neville, Duchess of Clarence, until the duchess's death, probably from complications following childbirth, in December 1476. Twynho was accused of poisoning her with bad ale. George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence, had her seized from her house in April the following year, and after a summary trial, she was found guilty and hanged outside Warwick. The case became a cause célèbre, and historians consider her trial and death to have contributed, with other events, to the Duke of Clarence's eventual downfall and execution in 1478.
BunaB
BunaB was the name of a line of purposely useless novelty products, promoted as if they were useful via carefully written marketing hype. They were created by American radio host Al Crowder (1904-1981). Beginning in the 1950s BunaBs were purportedly produced by the firm of Orville K. Snav and Associates and distributed from its headquarters in Snav Towers, Mason City, Iowa. The company's chief product was the Improved No. 7 BunaB, an assembly of two 1+3⁄4-inch (4.4 cm) insulated wires, red and blue, held together with neatly applied yellow electrical tape at the ends. BunaBs have been described as examples of primitive conceptual art.

Al Crowder
Al Crowder (1904–1981) was an American radio host, music teacher and humorist, best known as the creator of the BunaB line of products. Crowder's BunaBs and related merchandise, ostensibly produced by "Orville K. Snav and Associates," are considered an early form of conceptual art. Crowder received nationwide exposure through appearances on The Garry Moore Show and in a 1957 profile in Playboy.

Crowder was born in Louisville, Kentucky in 1904. In the 1920s he toured as a banjo and accordion player and as an announcer at shows and on the radio. By the early 1930s he was teaching music in Fort Wayne, Indiana, moving to Mason City, Iowa in 1939. He worked at the Vance Music Store and Carleton Stewart Music in Mason City. teaching and playing the banjo, accordion, clarinet, saxophone and bass clarinet. In 1951 Crowder was on local radio as "Grandma's Disc Jockey," playing music from his personal collection of early recordings.
2016–17 Guinée Championnat National
The 2016–17 Guinée Championnat National season was the 50th edition of top level of Guinée Championnat National football competition under the authority of Guinean Football Federation in Guinea. It began on 16 December 2016 and concluded on 8 June 2017.

Horoya AC successfully defended its 2016 title and pursued its 2017 title.

Horoya AC
Horoya Athletic Club, also known as Horoya Conakry or H.A.C., is a Guinean professional football club based in Conakry, Guinea. The club plays in the Ligue 1 Pro, the top tier in the Guinean football league system. It was founded in 1975.
Sophie Grigson
Hester Sophia Frances Grigson (born 19 June 1959) is an English cookery writer and celebrity cook. She has followed the same path and career as her mother, Jane Grigson. Her father was the poet and writer Geoffrey Grigson, and her half-brother was musician and educator Lionel Grigson.

Geoffrey Grigson
Geoffrey Edward Harvey Grigson (2 March 1905 – 25 November 1985) was a British poet, writer, editor, critic, exhibition curator, anthologist and naturalist. In the 1930s, he was editor of the influential magazine New Verse, and went on to produce 13 collections of his own poetry, as well as compiling numerous anthologies, among many published works on subjects including art, travel and the countryside. Grigson was in 1946 a co-founder of the Institute of Contemporary Arts. His autobiography The Crest on the Silver was published in 1950. At various times, Grigson was involved in teaching, journalism and broadcasting. Fiercely combative, he made many literary enemies.
La Primavera (song)
"La Primavera" is a song by the German DJ/production team Sash! featuring Patrizia Salvatore. It was released on 16 March 1998 via various labels as the lead single from their second album, Life Goes On (1998). The song is written by team members Ralf Kappmeier, Sascha Lappessen and Thomas Lüdke. It was a top-five hit in at least six countries, including Ireland, the United Kingdom, and several Nordic countries. The accompanying music video was directed by Oliver Sommer and filmed in Hawaii, the US.

Sash!
Sash! (German pronunciation: [zaʃ]; stylised as SASH!) is a German DJ/production team, fronted by Sascha Lappessen (born 10 June 1970) who works in the recording studio with Ralf Kappmeier, Karl Xander, and Thomas "Alisson" Lüdke. They have sold over 22 million albums worldwide and earned more than 65 gold and platinum awards. In the UK, their first four hit singles incorporated vocals in different languages (French, Spanish, English and Italian).
A6 motorway (Romania)
The A6 motorway (Romanian: Autostrada A6) is a partially built motorway in Romania, planned to connect Bucharest with the Banat region, through the southern part of the country. It will follow the route: Craiova, Calafat, Drobeta-Turnu Severin, Lugoj, connecting with the A1 motorway near Balinț. The section between Balinț and Calafat, where it will provide access to the New Europe Bridge, is part of the southern branch of the Pan-European Corridor IV.

New Europe Bridge
The New Europe Bridge, also known as Danube Bridge 2 (Bulgarian: Мост Нова Европа/Дунав мост 2, romanized: Most Nova Evropa/Dunav most 2; Romanian: Podul Noua Europă) is a road and rail bridge between the cities of Vidin, Bulgaria, and Calafat, Romania. It is the second bridge on the shared section of the Danube between the two countries. It is an extradosed bridge and was built by the Spanish company Fomento de Construcciones y Contratas, at the cost of €226 million. It was officially opened with a ceremony held on 14 June 2013. The first vehicles were allowed to cross the bridge after midnight, on 15 June 2013.

It was previously known as Danube Bridge 2 (Bulgarian: Дунав мост 2, romanized: Dunav most 2; Romanian: Podul 2 peste Dunăre) and informally called the Vidin–Calafat Bridge or Calafat–Vidin Bridge (Bulgarian: Мост Видин–Калафат, romanized: Most Vidin–Kalafat; Romanian: Podul Calafat–Vidin). The latter is the most common name it receives in Romania.
Mouldon Hill Country Park
Mouldon Hill Country Park is a country park to the north west of the town centre of Swindon, within the parish of Haydon Wick and close to Thamesdown Drive. It is owned and managed by Swindon Borough Council.

The park is named after the small hill within it that rises from the River Ray and peaks at 105 metres above sea level.

Haydon Wick
The civil parish of Haydon Wick is a northern suburb of the town of Swindon, Wiltshire, in England. It had a population of 25,036 at the 2021 census. The parish includes the former hamlet of Haydon and the suburbs of Greenmeadow and Rodbourne Cheney.
Split graph
In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, a split graph is a graph in which the vertices can be partitioned into a clique and an independent set. Split graphs were first studied by Földes and  Hammer (1977a, 1977b), and independently introduced by Tyshkevich and Chernyak (1979), where they called these graphs "polar graphs" (Russian: полярные графы).

A split graph may have more than one partition into a clique and an independent set; for instance, the path a–b–c is a split graph, the vertices of which can be partitioned in three different ways:

the clique {a, b}  and the independent set {c}

the clique {b, c}  and the independent set {a}

the clique {b}  and the independent set {a, c}

Split graphs can be characterized in terms of their forbidden induced subgraphs: a graph is split if and only if no induced subgraph is a cycle on four or five vertices, or a pair of disjoint edges (the complement of a 4-cycle).

Complement graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, the complement or inverse of a graph G is a graph H on the same vertices such that two distinct vertices are adjacent in H if and only if they are not adjacent in G. That is, to generate the complement of a graph, one fills in all the missing edges required to form a complete graph, and removes all the edges that were previously there.

The complement of the graph is not the set complement of the graph: only the edges are complemented.
Hugo Eric Flores Cervantes
Hugo Eric Flores Cervantes (born 2 March 1969) is a Mexican politician, attorney, and Neo-Pentecostal pastor. He founded the Social Encounter Party (PES), a conservative political party, and its successor, the Solidarity Encounter Party. Flores Cervantes was both parties' national president and one of the Social Encounter Party's eight federal deputies in the 63rd session of Congress. He is currently a member of the Chamber of Deputies for Morena.

Social Encounter Party
Social Encounter Party (Spanish: Partido Encuentro Social, PES) was a Mexican conservative political party established on the national level in 2014 and dissolved in 2018. It was part of the coalition Juntos Haremos Historia with the National Regeneration Movement and Mexico's Labor Party for the 2018 Mexican election.

It preceded the Solidarity Encounter Party, established as its replacement in 2019 and granted national party status in 2020.
Mark Northover
Mark Northover (27 March 1950 – 6 June 2004) was a British actor with dwarfism, whose best-known screen character was Burglekutt in the 1988 film Willow. Another memorable role was that of Alvy in Hardware. Outside cinema, he made an appearance in the music video for Depeche Mode's "Walking in My Shoes".

Northover died at 54 of a heart attack in Upton, Dorset. He was survived by wife Patsy and namesake son Mark.

Hardware (film)
Hardware is a 1990 science fiction horror film written and directed by Richard Stanley, in his feature directorial debut. It stars Dylan McDermott and Stacey Travis, and also features cameo appearances by musicians Carl McCoy, Iggy Pop and Lemmy. An example of the cyberpunk subgenre, the plot of Hardware follows a self-repairing robot that goes on a rampage in a post-apocalyptic slum.

Fleetway Comics successfully sued the filmmakers of Hardware for plagiarism, due to similarities between the screenplay and a short story titled "SHOK!" that appeared in 1980 in the Judge Dredd Annual 1981, a spin-off publication of the popular British weekly anthology comic 2000 AD; credit was added to later releases of the film. Since its release, Hardware has become a cult film.
Tom Tully (writer)
Tom Tully (died 2013) was a noted British comic writer, mostly of sports and action-adventure stories. He was the longest-running writer of the popular football-themed strip Roy of the Rovers, which he wrote for much of Roy Race's playing career until the weekly comic closed in 1993. Other notable strips penned by Tully included The Steel Claw, The House of Dolmann, The Incredible Adventures of Janus Stark, The Leopard from Lime Street, The Robo Machines, and Harlem Heroes. During his three-decade career, Tully wrote exclusively for what became known as the IPC line of publishers: Amalgamated Press/Odhams/Longacre Press/Fleetway/IPC Magazines.

Valiant (comics)
Valiant was a weekly British comics periodical published by Fleetway Publications and later IPC Magazines from 4 October 1962 to 16 October 1976. A boys' adventure comic, it debuted numerous memorable characters, including Captain Hurricane, The Steel Claw and Mytek the Mighty. Valiant lasted for 712 issues before being merged with stablemate Battle Picture Weekly.
Jamila Afghani
Jamila Afghani (born 1976) is an Afghan women's rights activist. She is the founder and executive director of the Noor Educational and Capacity Development Organization (NECDO). She is also an executive member of the umbrella organization Afghan Women's Network (AWN). In 2022, Jamila Afghani was awarded the seventh annual Aurora Prize for Awakening Humanity.

Afghan Women's Network
The Afghan Women's Network (AWN) is a non-governmental organization (NGO) which was created in 1996 by Afghan women following the World Conference on Women in Beijing and works to "empower women and ensure their equal participation in Afghan society."
Sanada-shi Yakata
Sanada-shi Yakata (真田氏館, Sanada-shi Yakata) is the remains of a fortified residence of the Sanada clan in Ueda, Nagano Prefecture, Japan. The site is believed that it was a main bastion of the Sanada clan until Sanada Masayuki moved their base to Ueda Castle in 1585.

Sanada-shi Yakata was considered unsuitable for withstanding a siege and Sanada clan had such castles as Sanada-shi Honjō Castle and Tenpaku Castle near the residence.

Its ruins have been protected as a Prefectural Historic Sites. The residence is now only ruins, with some stone walls, moats, and earthworks. Kōtai Shrine which was built by Sanada Masayuki when Sanada clan left the residence is on site. Sanada clan Historical Museum is adjacent to the site.

Ueda, Nagano
Ueda (上田市, Ueda-shi) is a city located in Nagano Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 April 2019, the city had an estimated population of 157,480 in 67,783 households, and a population density of 290 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 552.04 square kilometres (213.14 sq mi), which makes it the fifth largest city in Nagano Prefecture in terms of area.
Fireman's chair knot
A fireman's chair knot (also known as the chair knot) is a knot tied in the bight forming two adjustable, lockable loops.  The knot consists of a handcuff knot finished with a locking half hitch around each loop. The loops remain adjustable until the half hitches are tightened.

Handcuff knot
A handcuff knot is a knot tied in the bight having two adjustable loops in opposing directions, able to be tightened around hands or feet.  The knot itself does not possess any inherent locking action, and thus is not as easy to use for such purposes as the name might suggest.

The knot is also known as a hobble knot for similar reasons, from the idea that the knot was sometimes used on the legs of horses to limit the distance their riders had to walk in the morning to retrieve them.
Eugenol
Eugenol /ˈjuːdʒɪnɒl/ is an allyl chain-substituted guaiacol, a member of the allylbenzene class of chemical compounds. It is a colorless to pale yellow, aromatic oily liquid extracted from certain essential oils especially from clove, nutmeg, cinnamon, basil and bay leaf. It is present in concentrations of 80–90% in clove bud oil and at 82–88% in clove leaf oil. Containing eugenol, clove essential oil is obtained from unopened clove buds. Eugenol has a pleasant, spicy, clove-like scent. The name is derived from Eugenia caryophyllata, the former Linnean nomenclature term for cloves. The currently accepted name is Syzygium aromaticum.

Oil of clove
Oil of clove, also known as clove oil or eugenol, is an essential oil extracted from the clove plant, Syzygium aromaticum. Clove oil is commonly used in aromatherapy and for flavoring food, tea, and toothpaste. In alternative medicine, it may be used as a topical medication to relieve toothache. There is insufficient medical evidence to support its use as an analgesic for treating pain.

Madagascar and Indonesia are the main producers of clove oil.
ZeroZeroZero (album)
ZeroZeroZero is an original soundtrack album by Scottish post-rock band Mogwai, released on 1 May 2020 on Rock Action Records.  Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, it was released initially in a download only format via Bandcamp, and for the first week on a pay-what-you-want basis.  50% of the first week's income for the record is to be donated to charities including Help Musicians and various NHS charities.

The music was composed for ZeroZeroZero, an Italian crime drama television series based on the book of the same name by Roberto Saviano.

Mogwai
Mogwai (/ˈmɒɡwaɪ/) are a Scottish post-rock band, formed in 1995 in Glasgow. The band consists of Stuart Braithwaite (guitar, vocals), Barry Burns (guitar, piano, synthesizer, vocals), Dominic Aitchison (bass guitar), and Martin Bulloch (drums). Mogwai typically compose lengthy guitar-based instrumental pieces that feature dynamic contrast, melodic bass guitar lines, and heavy use of distortion and effects.

The band were for several years signed to Glasgow label Chemikal Underground, and have been distributed by different labels such as Matador in the US and Play It Again Sam in the UK, but now use their own label Rock Action Records in the UK, and Temporary Residence Ltd. in North America.

Mogwai's tenth album, As the Love Continues, reached No. 1 in the UK Albums Chart on 26 February 2021.
Black Volta
The Black Volta or Mouhoun (French: Volta noire) is a river that flows through Burkina Faso for approximately 1,352 km (840 mi) to the White Volta in Dagbon, Ghana, the upper end of Lake Volta.  It is one of the three main parts of the Volta, with the White Volta and the Red Volta.

The source of the Black Volta is in the Cascades Region of Burkina Faso, close to Mount Tenakourou, the highest point of the country. Further downstream it forms part of the border between Ghana and Burkina Faso, and later between Ivory Coast and Ghana. Within Ghana, it marks the border between the Savannah and Bono regions. The Bui Dam, a hydroelectric power plant, is built on the river, just south of the Bui National Park, which the river bisects.

Cascades Region
Cascades ([kas.kad], "waterfalls") is one of Burkina Faso's 13 administrative regions. It was created on 2 July 2001. The population of Cascades was 812,062 in 2019. It is the second least populous region in Burkina Faso and contains 3.96% of all Burkinabé. The region's capital is Banfora. Two provinces, Comoé and Léraba, make up the region. The Cascades de Karfiguéla give the region its name.

As of 2019, the population of the region was 812,062. As of 2007, the literacy rate in the region was 20%, compared to a national average of 28.3%. The coverage of cereal need compared to the total production of the region was 117%.
Arsames (satrap of Cilicia)
Arsames (Old Persian Aršāma, Greek: Ἀρσάμης) was an Achaemenid Persian satrap of Cilicia in 334/3 BC. He succeeded Mazaeus in this position. He took part in the Battle of Granicus where he fought with his cavalry on the left wing, along with Arsites and Memnon of Rhodes. He was able to survive that battle and flee to the capital of Cilicia Tarsus. There he was planning a scorched-earth policy according to that of Memnon which caused the native Cilician soldiers to abandon their posts. He also decided to burn Tarsus to the ground so as not to fall in the hands of Alexander but was prevented from doing so by the speedy arrival of Parmenion with the light armored units who took the city. After that, Arsames fled to Darius who was at this time in Syria. He was slain at the battle of Issus (modern-day Turkey) in 333 BC.

He was succeeded by Balacrus, a bodyguard of Alexander the Great, who became the Hellenistic satrap of Cilica.

Battle of the Granicus
The Battle of the Granicus in May 334 BC was the first of three major battles fought between Alexander the Great of Macedon and the Persian Achaemenid Empire. The battle took place on the road from Abydus to Dascylium, at the crossing of the Granicus in the Troad region, which is now called the Biga River in Turkey. In the battle Alexander defeated the field army of the Persian satraps of Asia Minor, which defended the river crossing. After this battle, the Persians were forced onto the defensive in the cities that remained under their control in the region.
Charleston Library Society
Charleston Library Society, founded in 1748, is a subscription library in Charleston, South Carolina.

The library is the third oldest subscription library in the United States after the Library Company of Philadelphia (founded 1731 by Benjamin Franklin) and the Redwood Library and Athenaeum of Newport, Rhode Island (1747).  The Charleston Library was founded before The Providence Athenaeum (1753), the New York Society Library (1754), and the Boston Athenaeum (1807).

Anne Cleveland served as the Executive Director of the Charleston Library Society from 2009 to 2023.  Laura Pelzer has been the Executive Director since January of 2023.

Subscription library
A subscription library (or membership library) is a library that is financed by private funds either from membership fees or endowments. Historically, they are predecessors to the public library as it is known today. Unlike a public library, access is often restricted to members, but access rights can also be given to non-members, such as students. Through time, different library types have been grouped under this term, but may represent the following library models. A library formed as a joint stock company can be called a proprietary model. Some libraries allowed individuals who were not stock holders to subscribe for given time periods, and were thusly labeled subscription libraries. Athenaeums were similar to social libraries and provided the additional benefit of scholarly publications and cultural programming. The term mechanics or mercantile library refers to institutions established, often by benefactors, for the benefit of the working class.