hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Painesville-on-the-Lake, Ohio
Painesville-on-the-Lake is an unincorporated community in northern Painesville Township, Lake County, Ohio, United States.  It lies along the shoreline of Lake Erie north of the county seat of Painesville.  The short Hardy Road connects the community to State Route 535. The nearest major airport is Cleveland Hopkins International Airport.

Painesville Township, Lake County, Ohio
Painesville Township is one of the five townships of Lake County, Ohio, United States. The population was 20,453 at the 2020 census. It is a part of Greater Cleveland in the Northeast Ohio Region, and is included in the Cleveland-Akron-Canton, Ohio combined statistical area in the United States.
Caste system among South Asian Muslims
Muslim communities in South Asia have a system of social stratification arising from concepts other than "pure" and "impure", which are integral to the caste system in India. It developed as a result of relations among foreign conquerors, local upper-caste Hindus convert to Islam (ashraf, also known as tabqa-i ashrafiyya) and local lower-caste converts (ajlaf), as well as the continuation of the Indian caste system by converts. Non-ashrafs are backward-caste converts. The concept of "pasmanda" includes ajlaf and arzal Muslims; ajlaf status is defined by descent from converts to Islam and by Birth (profession). These terms are not part of the sociological 
vocabulary in regions such as Kashmir and Uttar Pradesh, and say little about the functioning of Muslim society.

The Baradari system is social stratification in Pakistan and, to an extent, India. The South Asian Muslim caste system includes hierarchical classifications of khandan (dynasty, family, or lineage).

Ziauddin Barani
Ziauddin Barani (Urdu: ضیاء الدین برنی‎; 1285–1357) was an Indian political thinker of the Delhi Sultanate located in present-day Northern India during Muhammad bin Tughlaq and Firuz Shah's reign. He was best known for composing the Tarikh-i-Firoz Shahi (also called Tarikh-i-Firuz Shahi), a work on medieval India, which covers the period from the reign of Ghiyath al-Din Tughluq to the first six years of the reign of Firoz Shah Tughluq; and the Fatwa-i-Jahandari which promoted a hierarchy among Muslim communities in the Indian subcontinent, although according to M. Athar Ali it was not based on race or even like the caste system, but taking as a model of Sassanid Iran, which promoted an idea of aristocracy through birth and which was claimed by Persians to be "fully in accordance with the main thrust of Islamic thought as it had developed by that time", including in the works of his near-contemporary Ibn Khaldun.
Outline of New York (state)
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the U.S. State of New York:

New York – U.S. state located on the Eastern seaboard and extending to the Great Lakes. Settled by the Dutch in the 17th century, New York was one of the original Thirteen Colonies.  About one third of all the battles of the Revolutionary War took place in New York. New York enacted its constitution in 1777 and was the eleventh state to ratify the United States Constitution, on July 26, 1788.  It is the fourth most populous state.

Bibliography of New York
The following is a bibliography of New York. New York is a U.S. state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the Northeastern United States. New York is commonly known as the "Empire State" and sometimes the "Excelsior State". It is the nation's third most populous state at over 19 million people. The capital of the state is Albany and its most populous city is New York City. New York is often referred to as New York State to distinguish it from New York City.
Sihl Valley
Sihl Valley (German: Sihltal) is a river valley and belongs to the Zimmerberg-Sihltal region located in the district of Horgen in the canton of Zurich, Switzerland. Commonly Sihltal is used as the name of the Lower Sihl Valley, i.e. the area in the southwest of the city of Zürich.

Hütten, Switzerland
Hütten (German pronunciation: [ˈhʏtn̩] ⓘ) is a former municipality in the district of Horgen in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland. On 1 January 2019 the former municipalities of Hütten and Schönenberg merged into the municipality of Wädenswil.
Miss Grant Goes to the Door
Miss Grant Goes to the Door is a 1940 British short propaganda film directed by Brian Desmond Hurst and starring Mary Clare and Martita Hunt. It was written by Rodney Ackland based on a story by Thorold Dickinson and Donald Bull and made for the British Ministry of Information. The film addresses the threat of invasion, and was intended to inspire confidence and convey the message "Keep your heads".

Brian Desmond Hurst
Brian Desmond Hurst (12 February 1895 – 26 September 1986) was an Irish film director. With over thirty films in his filmography, Hurst was hailed as Northern Ireland's best film director by BBC film critic Mike Catto. He is perhaps best known for the 1951 A Christmas Carol adaptation Scrooge.
2001 Vuelta a España
The 56th edition of the Vuelta a España (Tour of Spain), a long-distance stage race and one of the three Grand Tours, was held from 8 September to 30 September 2001. It consisted of 21 stages covering a total of 3,012 km (1,872 mi), and was won by Ángel Casero of the Festina cycling team at a speed of 42.534 km/h (26.429 mph).

This edition of the Vuelta was notable for its final-stage time trial, during which Casero overcame a 25-second lead held by Óscar Sevilla of Kelme–Costa Blanca to win, while American Levi Leipheimer of U.S. Postal Service managed to move past both teammate Roberto Heras and Juan Miguel Mercado to take third and become the first American ever to achieve a podium finish in the Vuelta.  Additionally, Guido Trenti became the first American ever to win a stage in the race.

Roberto Heras
Roberto Heras Hernández (born 1 February 1974) is a Spanish former professional road bicycle racer who won the Vuelta a España a record four times. Between 1997 and 2005 he finished in the top 5 of the Vuelta every year except 1998 when he finished 6th. He won a record-tying three times, and then broke the record with a fourth win in 2005, but he was eventually disqualified after being accused of taking EPO. Heras chose to fight the accusations and this resulted in a lengthy court case and appeal process.

In June 2011, Heras successfully appealed the disqualification in the civil court of Castilla y León, and this decision was upheld in the Spanish supreme court in December 2012. The Spanish cycling federation subsequently reinstated Heras as 2005 Vuelta champion.
Punch or May Day
Punch or May Day is an 1829 genre painting by the British artist Benjamin Robert Haydon. It depicts a street scene on the May Day holiday in the Marylebone district of London during the final year of the reign of George IV at the end of the Regency era.

The canvas is filled with multiple mini-scenes including a Punch and Judy the coach of a newly married couple and a funeral procession. In the background on the right is St Marylebone Church. Today it is in the Tate Collection, having been bequeathed by George Darling in 1862.

Benjamin Robert Haydon
Benjamin Robert Haydon (/ˈheɪdən/; 26 January 1786 – 22 June 1846) was a British painter who specialised in grand historical pictures, although he also painted a few contemporary subjects and portraits. His commercial success was damaged by his often tactless dealings with patrons, and by the enormous scale on which he preferred to work. He was troubled by financial problems throughout his life, which led to several periods of imprisonment for debt.
University of Minnesota Press
The University of Minnesota Press is a university press that is part of the University of Minnesota. It had annual revenues of just over $8 million in fiscal year 2018.

Founded in 1925, the University of Minnesota Press is best known for its books in social theory and cultural theory, critical theory, race and ethnic studies, urbanism, feminist criticism, and media studies.

The University of Minnesota Press also publishes a significant number of translations of major works of European and Latin American thought and scholarship, as well as a diverse list of works on the cultural and natural heritage of the state and the upper Midwest region.

University press
A  university press is an academic publishing house specializing in monographs and scholarly journals. They are often an integral component of a large research university. They publish work that has been reviewed by scholars in the field. They produce mainly academic works but also often have trade books for a lay audience. These trade books also get peer reviewed. Many but not all university presses are nonprofit organizations, including the 160 members of the Association of University Presses.

Because scholarly books are mostly unprofitable, university presses may also publish textbooks and reference works, which tend to have larger audiences and sell more copies. Most university presses operate at a loss and are subsidized by their owners; others are required to break even. Demand has fallen as library budgets are cut and the online sales of used books undercut the new book market. Many presses are experimenting with electronic publishing.
2016–17 Campbell Fighting Camels men's basketball team
The 2016–17 Campbell Fighting Camels men's basketball team represented Campbell University during the 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Fighting Camels were led by fourth-year head coach Kevin McGeehan and played their home games at Gore Arena in Buies Creek, North Carolina as members of the Big South Conference. They finished the season 19–18, 7–11 in Big South play to finish in a tie for seventh place. Due to tiebreakers, they received the No. 7 seed in the Big South tournament, where they defeated Presbyterian, UNC Asheville, and Radford to advance to the championship game, where they lost to Winthrop. They received an invitation to the CollegeInsider.com Tournament, where they defeated Houston Baptist and UT Martin before losing in the quarterfinals to Furman.

2016–17 UT Martin Skyhawks men's basketball team
The 2016–17 UT Martin Skyhawks men's basketball team represented the University of Tennessee at Martin during the 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Skyhawks, led by first-year head coach Anthony Stewart, played their home games at Skyhawk Arena as members of the West Division of the Ohio Valley Conference. They finished the season 22–13, 10–6 in OVC play to win the West Division championship. As the No. 2 seed in the OVC tournament, they defeated Murray State before losing to Jacksonville State in the championship game. They were invited to the CollegeInsider.com Tournament where they defeated UNC Asheville in the first round before losing in the second round to Campbell.
Orbotech
Orbotech Ltd. a subsidiary of KLA Corporation and a technology company used in the manufacturing of consumer and industrial products throughout the electronics and adjacent industries. The company providing electronics reading, writing, and connecting solutions used by manufacturers of printed circuit boards, flat panel displays, advanced packaging, micro-electro-mechanical systems and other electronic components. The company is headquartered in Yavne, Israel and operates in North America, Europe, Japan and Asia-Pacific.

Ormat Technologies
Ormat Technologies, Inc. is an international company based in Reno, Nevada, United States. Ormat supplies alternative and renewable geothermal energy technology. The company has built over 190 power plants and installed over 3,200 MW of output. As of January 2021 it owns and operates 933 MW of geothermal and recovered energy based power plants. Ormat has supplied over 1000 turbochargers worldwide, in North America, South America, Europe, Australia, and Asia. The company's products also include turbines, generators, and heat exchangers.

The company's share is a dual stock traded on the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange since 1991 and on the New York Stock Exchange since 2004 under the symbol ORA, and is part of the Tel Aviv 35 Index and the Tel Aviv Tech-Elite Index. The company's main production facilities are located in Yavne, Israel.
1956 United States Senate election in Ohio
The 1956 United States Senate election in Ohio took place on November 6, 1956. Incumbent Senator George H. Bender, who won a special election to complete the term of the late Senator Robert A. Taft, ran for re-election to a full six-year term. He was defeated by Democratic Governor Frank Lausche. As of 2022, this is the last time that an incumbent Senator from Ohio lost re-election for this seat.

Frank Lausche
Frank John Lausche (/ˈlaʊʃi/; November 14, 1895 – April 21, 1990) was an American Democratic politician from Ohio. He served as the 47th mayor of Cleveland and the 55th and 57th governor of Ohio, and also served as a United States senator from Ohio for two terms (1957–1969).
Bob Kullen Coach of the Year Award
The Bob Kullen Coach of the Year Award is an annual award given out at the conclusion of the Hockey East regular season to the best coach in the conference as voted by the head coaches of each Hockey East team. The award was renamed in honor of Bob Kullen who served as head coach of New Hampshire in the late-80's before heart disease forced him to receive a heart transplant and subsequently retire shortly before his death in 1990.

The Coach of the Year was first awarded in 1985 and every year thereafter. The award has been shared once, in 2009–10, between Merrimack's Mark Dennehy and New Hampshire's Dick Umile.

Bob Kullen
Robert A. Kullen (1949 – November 2, 1990) was an American ice hockey coach and player. He was the head coach of the University of New Hampshire for a short time in the late 1980s before a rare heart condition that necessitated a heart transplant forced him to step away from his position and ultimately cost him his life a month later. In addition to coaching New Hampshire's ice hockey team, he also coached the New Hampshire golf team and soccer team.
Robert Fortune
Robert Fortune (16 September 1812 – 13 April 1880) was a Scottish botanist, plant hunter and traveller, best known for introducing around 250 new ornamental plants, mainly from China, but also Japan, into the gardens of Britain, Australia, and North America. He also played a role in the development of the tea industry in India in the 19th century. He also imported Japanese chestnuts into the United States, which led to the introduction of chestnut blight to the country 24 years after his death.

History of tea in India
India is one of the largest tea producers in the world, although over 70 percent of its tea is consumed within India itself. A number of renowned teas, such as Assam and Darjeeling, also grow exclusively in India. The Indian tea industry has grown to own many global tea brands and has evolved into one of the most technologically equipped tea industries in the world. Tea production, certification, exportation and all facets of the tea trade in India are controlled by the Tea Board of India. From its legendary origins to modern processing techniques, tea production in India delicately weaves together cultural heritage, economic prowess, and technological advancement.
Robert Calvert (Texas pioneer)
Robert Calvert (February 19, 1802 - September 20, 1867) was a community founder and state legislator in Texas. He had a plantation west of what became the town of Calvert, Texas, named for him. He served in the Texas House of Representatives. He urged the Houston and Texas Central Railway to build through the area. The Houston and Texas Central Railroad agreed to build a station in the town in 1868.

Calvert, Texas
Calvert is a city in Robertson County, Texas, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the city population was 970.  It is located approximately halfway between Waco and Bryan-College Station at the intersection of Texas State Highway 6 and Farm to Market Roads 979 and 1644, on the Southern Pacific line, nine miles north of Hearne, in west central Robertson County.  For the last 35 years, Calvert has enjoyed a relative success as an antique "capital". The town is named for Robert Calvert, an early settler who served in the Texas Legislature representing Robertson and Milam counties.
Drew Sidora
Drew Sidora Jordan (born May 1, 1985) is an American actress and singer. She is known for her recurring role as Chantel in the Disney Channel Original Series That's So Raven, as Lucy Avila in the 2006 film Step Up, as Tionne Watkins in the VH1 TLC biographical film CrazySexyCool: The TLC Story, and the BET comedy-drama television series The Game.  She joined the cast of the Bravo reality show The Real Housewives of Atlanta in 2020.

CrazySexyCool: The TLC Story
CrazySexyCool: The TLC Story is a 2013 American biographical television film about the R&B and hip hop musical trio TLC. Directed by Charles Stone III, written by Kate Lanier, and named after the group's 1994 album CrazySexyCool, the film stars Keke Palmer as Rozonda "Chilli" Thomas, Niatia "Lil Mama" Kirkland as Lisa "Left Eye" Lopes and Drew Sidora as Tionne "T-Boz" Watkins. The real-life Thomas and Watkins also served as executive producers of the film.

The film's premiere on VH1 on October 21, 2013 generated 4.5 million viewers, making it the highest-rated television film premiere of 2013, as well as the highest-rated original film premiere in VH1 history.

TLC released a compilation album, 20, via LaFace and Epic Records on October 15, 2013, marking both the band's 20-plus years in the entertainment business and the film's release, which largely inspired the album's track listing. The film was released on DVD on October 21, 2014.
Creatures II: Torture Trouble
Creatures II: Torture Trouble is a platform game for the Commodore 64 computer, released in 1992. It was developed by Apex Computer Productions, the company started by two brothers, John Rowlands (who wrote the code) and Steve Rowlands (who created the graphics and music). It is the sequel to Creatures.

Apex Computer Productions
Apex Computer Productions was the brothers John Rowlands and Steve Rowlands, British based game designers and programmers on the Commodore 64 in the late 1980s and early 1990s.

They programmed in pure assembly language and their earliest commercial release was Cyberdyne Warrior, a platform shooter, for Hewson in 1989. Soon after, they entered a relationship with Thalamus, the game publishing arm of Newsfield, who published their next game, Retrograde.
Bidens chippii
Bidens chippii is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It belongs to the genus Bidens.
The plant was at first named Coreopsis chippii after British botanist Thomas Ford Chipp (1886–1931)). Chipp found it on 11 February 1929 growing in scrub at an altitude of 3,125 metres (10,253 ft) on top of Mount Kinyeti in the Imatong Mountains of South Sudan.

Thomas Ford Chipp
Thomas Ford Chipp MC (1 January 1886 – 28 June 1931) was an English botanist who became Assistant Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 
He played an important role in development of the study of ecology in the British Empire.
514th Air Mobility Wing
The 514th Air Mobility Wing is a wing of the United States Air Force based at the McGuire AFB element of Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst, New Jersey.  The 514th is an associate Air Force reserve unit. The wing flies aircraft assigned to the active-duty 305th Air Mobility Wing, also based at McGuire. The 514th shares the responsibility of maintaining and flying the McDonnell Douglas C-17 Globemaster III.

The wing was organized in June 1949, when Continental Air Command reorganized its reserve units under the wing base organization.  It was mobilized for the Korean War, serving at its home station as part of Eighteenth Air Force, which was initially composed of reserve troop carrier units.  The wing was released from active duty and inactivated in February 1953.

The wing was reactivated in April 1953.  In 1968, it lost its aircraft and became an associate unit, flying and maintaining aircraft of the regular 438th Military Airlift Wing, and later of the 305th Air Mobility Wing.

Joint Base McGuire–Dix–Lakehurst
Joint Base McGuire–Dix–Lakehurst (JB MDL) is a United States military facility located 18 miles (29 km) southeast of Trenton, New Jersey. The base is the only tri-service base in the United States Department of Defense and includes units from all six armed forces branches.

The facility is an amalgamation of the United States Air Force's McGuire Air Force Base, the United States Army's Fort Dix and the United States Navy's Naval Air Engineering Station Lakehurst, which were merged on 1 October 2009.

It was established in accordance with congressional legislation implementing the recommendations of the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure Commission. The legislation ordered the consolidation of the three facilities which were adjoining, but separate military installations, into a single joint base, one of 12 formed in the United States as a result of the law.

The installation commander is Air Force Colonel Anthony L. Smith.
Sin (José novel)
Sin: A Novel, also known as Sins, is a 1973 politico-historical novel written by Filipino National Artist F. Sionil José. This particular work of literature features the History of the Philippines, for the most part spanning the twentieth century, through the eyes of the "amoral" Don Carlos Cobello, a wealthy patriarch also known by the moniker "C.C.".

Being a part of that era, Cobello reaps most of what he sowed when he was already on his "deathbed". During this time, Cobello recalled the loves of his life, those that he had lost and longed for. A literary account of the "steady degradation" of the Philippines, Sin was described by Pico Iyer of The New York Times Book Review as a book" … set in the Philippines, this amorality tale shadows a rake's impenitent progress …"

F. Sionil José
Francisco Sionil José (December 3, 1924 – January 6, 2022) was a Filipino writer who was one of the most widely read in the English language. A National Artist of the Philippines for Literature, which was bestowed upon him in 2001, José's novels and short stories depict the social underpinnings of class struggles and colonialism in Filipino society. His works—written in English—have been translated into 28 languages, including Korean, Indonesian, Czech, Russian, Latvian, Ukrainian and Dutch. He was often considered the leading Filipino candidate for the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Economic Forum (in Poland)
Economic Forum is an annual international meeting of economic and political elites held in the first half of September at a ski and spa resort of Karpacz, Poland. The Forum was founded by Zygmunt Berdychowski in 1992 and it is organised by the Foundation Institute for Eastern Studies in Warsaw.

From 1992–2019, it was held in Krynica-Zdrój. The Economic Forum is one of the most notable meetings of the political and business leaders of Central and Eastern Europe, and is therefore  sometimes referred to as the "Eastern Davos". According to the organisers, the mission of the Economic Forum is to create a favorable climate for development of political and economic cooperation in Europe. The opinions of the Forum's speakers are often quoted by the international media and discussed by leading analysts. The Forum includes political, business, and nonprofit leaders. The 29th edition of the Economic Forum in 2019 was attended by 4,500 visitors from 60 countries.

Krynica-Zdrój
Krynica-Zdrój [krɨˈɲit͡sa ˈzdrui̯] (until 31 December 2001 Krynica, Lemko Rusyn: Крениця, Yiddish: קרעניץ) is a town in Nowy Sącz County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, southern Poland. It is inhabited by over eleven thousand people. It is the biggest spa town in Poland often called the Pearl of Polish Spas; and a popular tourist and winter sports destination situated in the heart of the Beskids mountain range.