hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Nix
Charles George Ashburner Nix OBE (25 August 1873 – 3 March 1956) was a British sport shooter who competed at the 1908 Summer Olympics, where he won a silver medal.

Nix was educated at Eton College and the University of Cambridge. In the 1908 Olympics he won a silver medal in the team single-shot running deer event, was 10th in the single-shot running deer event and 11th in the double-shot running deer event.

A member of the Nix family, he was the son of John Hennings Nix, one of the partners in the London private bank Fuller, Banbury, Nix & Co, and Sarah Ashburner, an Indian-born wealthy heiress from Calcutta (now Kolkata). He inherited the family estate Tilgate House in Crawley from his older brother John Ashburner Nix in 1927, but sold the estate in 1939 as the family lived primarily in London. He was the great-grandfather of Alexander Nix.

Nix family
The Nix and Ashburner Nix family, of London and Crawley, is an English banking family that became part of the landed gentry in the 19th century, with their family estate Tilgate House in Crawley. Members have been notable as bankers in the City of London, notably as partners in the London bank Fuller, Banbury, Nix & Co, and as large estate owners in Crawley and public officials in Sussex, where John Ashburner Nix served as High Sheriff in 1911. The family had ties to British colonial history, especially Colonial India in the 19th century, and inherited a significant part of their wealth from George Ashburner, a businessman born in India. More recently, family member Alexander Nix became known as CEO of Cambridge Analytica. The family is included as "Nix of Tilgate" in Burke's Landed Gentry.
Guimarei
Guimarei is a former civil parish in the municipality of Santo Tirso, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Lamelas e Guimarei. It has a population of 736 (2001 census), and an area of 6.43 km2. It is located 3 km south of the center of the city of Santo Tirso in the Leça Valley.

It is a residential place with some people working in agriculture.

Lamelas e Guimarei
Lamelas e Guimarei is a civil parish in the municipality of Santo Tirso, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Lamelas and Guimarei. The population in 2011 was 1,660, in an area of 12.41 km2.
Hoy Día
Hoy Día (Today) is an American Spanish-language morning television show broadcast by Telemundo. The show is broadcast from Telemundo Center in Miami, and is hosted by Penélope Menchaca, Lisette Eduardo, and Carlos Calderon, Clovis Nienow, and Pancho Uresti as guest presenter.

The series premiered on February 15, 2021, replacing Telemundo's previous morning show Un Nuevo Día. It was initially produced by Noticias Telemundo and had a format closer to English-language morning shows such as Today, with a mix of hard news and lifestyle content (as opposed to competitors such as Univision's Despierta América, which typically focus on entertainment and tabloid-based content). In November 2022, Telemundo moved the program to its entertainment division; after a hiatus for the 2022 FIFA World Cup, the show was relaunched in December 2022 with an entertainment-driven format.

Breakfast television
Breakfast television (Europe and Australia) or morning show (Canada and the United States) is a type of news or infotainment television programme that broadcasts live in the morning (typically scheduled between 5:00 and 10:00 a.m., or if it is a local programme, as early as 4:00 a.m.). Often presented by a small team of hosts, these programmes are typically marketed towards the combined demography of people getting ready for work and school and stay-at-home adults and parents.

The first – and longest-running – national breakfast/morning show on television is Today, which set the tone for the genre and premiered on 14 January 1952 on NBC in the United States. For the next 70 years, Today was the number one morning program in the ratings for the vast majority of its run and since its start, many other television stations and television networks around the world have followed NBC's lead, copying that program's successful format.
Thomas Jefferson Ramsdell
Thomas Jefferson Ramsdell (1833–1917) was an entrepreneur from Manistee, Michigan. He served as the town's first and only attorney in the  later part of the nineteenth century. He was a Michigan State Representative for one term; he also served several terms as prosecuting attorney for Manistee County, and one term as county treasurer.

Ramsdell developed several of the town's commercial enterprises, including a hardware store, the town's first downtown river bridge, the town's first newspaper,  the town's first school house, the Ramsdell building, the Ramsdell Theatre, the First National Bank, the Manistee Water Works, and several commercial blocks in downtown Manistee.

Manistee, Michigan
Manistee (/mænɪsti/ man-iss-TEE) is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan. Located in southwestern Manistee County, it is part of the northwestern Lower Peninsula. Manistee is the county seat of Manistee County, and its population was 6,259 at the 2020 census. This makes Manistee the fifth-largest city in Northern Michigan.

Manistee is located on an isthmus between Manistee Lake and Lake Michigan, with the Manistee River bisecting the city as it flows west to the latter. Manistee is located along US 31, one of the major trunkline highways of the state.
Seinan Gakuin University Biblical Botanical Garden
The Seinan Gakuin University Biblical Botanical Garden (西南学院大学聖書植物園, Seinan Gakuin Daigaku Seisho Shokubutsuen) is a  Biblical garden, one of a number botanical gardens located across the campus of Seinan Gakuin University, Nishijin 6-2-92, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, Fukuoka, Japan. It is open daily.

The garden contains about 80 plants mentioned in the Bible, with labels in Hebrew, Greek, Latin, English, and Japanese, as well as a reference to the Biblical passage in which the plant is mentioned.

Seinan Gakuin University
33°35′05″N 130°21′18″E﻿ / ﻿33.5847°N 130.354949°E﻿ / 33.5847; 130.354949

Seinan Gakuin University (西南学院大学, Seinan Gakuin Daigaku) is a Baptist Christian university in Fukuoka, Japan. It is one of the leading privately-funded universities in Western Japan, known for its strong focus on humanities and international exchange.
Mr. Washington Goes to Town
Mr. Washington Goes to Town is a 1942 American comedy film directed by William Beaudine and Jed Buell, and starring F. E. Miller, Mantan Moreland and Maceo Bruce Sheffield. The film was marketed primarily to black audiences and written and filmed in six days.

Later in 1942, the film's sequel Lucky Ghost was produced and released.

Jed Buell
Jed Buell (May 21, 1897 - September 29, 1961) was an American film producer, director, and screenwriter who specialized in low-budget B pictures in a variety of subjects including singing cowboy films featuring midgets and black actors.
Henry Darnall
Colonel Henry Darnall (1645 – 17 June 1711) was an Irish-born planter, militia officer and politician who served as the chancellor of Maryland from 1683 to 1689. He was also appointed as the proprietary agent for Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore and also briefly served as deputy governor of Maryland. During the 1689 Protestant Revolution, his proprietarial army was defeated by Protestant rebels led by John Coode, and Darnall was stripped of his numerous colonial offices as a result. He died in 1711, leaving the bulk of his substantial estates to his son, Henry Darnall II.

Protestant Revolution (Maryland)
The Protestant Revolution, also known Coode's Rebellion after one of its leaders, John Coode, took place in the summer of 1689 in the English Province of Maryland when Protestants, by then a substantial majority in the colony, revolted against the proprietary government led by the Catholic Charles Calvert, 3rd Baron Baltimore.

The rebellion followed the "Glorious Revolution" in England of 1688, which saw the Protestant monarchs William III and Mary II replace the English Catholic monarch King James II. The Lords Baltimore lost control of their proprietary colony, and for the next 25 years, Maryland would be ruled directly by the Crown.

The Protestant Revolution also saw the effective end of Maryland's early experiments with religious toleration, as Catholicism was outlawed and Catholics forbidden from holding public office. Religious toleration would not be restored in Maryland until after the American Revolution.
Rezerva generală a aviației
Rezerva generală a aviației (RGA) or the General Aviation Reserve in English was a Romanian aircraft factory founded during the First World War. It operated between 1916 and 1919 in Iași. After the war it was transferred to Bucharest and renamed to Arsenalul Aeronautic. The maintenance, repair, and assembly of the aircraft and aircraft engines received by Romania during the war took place here.

Arsenalul Aeronautic
Arsenalul Aeronautic ("Aeronautical Arsenal" in English) in Bucharest was the first factory with an aeronautical profile in Romania. Its activity took place between 1919 and 1939. Arsenalul Aeronautic manufactured three models of aircraft: Hansa-Brandenburg C.I, Proto 1 and Aeron and modified De Havilland aircraft for passenger and freight transport (aircraft intended for domestic airlines). Also, at the Aeronautical Arsenal, research in the field of study and testing of materials was organized.
La Salle, Manitoba
La Salle, Manitoba is unincorporated community located in the Rural Municipality of Macdonald along the banks of the La Salle River, about 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of downtown Winnipeg.

As of the 2016 Canadian Census, 1,589 people make La Salle their home.

Rural Municipality of Macdonald
Macdonald is a rural municipality lying adjacent to the southwest side of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. It is part of the Winnipeg Metro Region, but is not part of the smaller Winnipeg census metropolitan area. Macdonald's population as of the 2016 census was 7,162.

The municipality is named for Canada's first Prime Minister, Sir John A. Macdonald.
Carleton Place
Carleton Place is a town in Eastern Ontario, Canada, in Lanark County, about 55 kilometres (34 mi) west of downtown Ottawa. It is located at the crossroads of Highway 15 and Highway 7, halfway between the towns of Perth, Almonte, Smiths Falls, and the nation's capital, Ottawa. Canada's Mississippi River, a tributary of the Ottawa River flows through the town.  Mississippi Lake is just upstream by boat, as well as by car.

The town is situated on the edge of a large limestone plain, just south of the edge of the Canadian Shield in the deciduous forest ecoregion of North America.

Eastern Ontario
Eastern Ontario (census population 1,892,332 in 2021) (French: Est de l'Ontario) is a secondary region of Southern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. It occupies a wedge-shaped area bounded by the Ottawa River and Quebec to the northeast and east, the St. Lawrence River and New York to the south, and Northern Ontario and Central Ontario to the west and northwest.
Dreadlock Holiday
"Dreadlock Holiday" is a reggae song by 10cc. Written by Eric Stewart and Graham Gouldman, it was the lead single from the band's 1978 album Bloody Tourists. It was a number one hit in several countries.

Bloody Tourists
Bloody Tourists is the sixth studio album by the English rock band 10cc, released worldwide by Mercury Records and in North America by Polydor Records in September 1978. Recorded at Strawberry Studios South in Dorking, the album was produced by Eric Stewart and Graham Gouldman.
Arthur Heneage
Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Arthur Pelham Heneage DSO (11 July 1881 – 22 November 1971) was a British Conservative Party politician.

In the First World War, Heneage served with the Royal Field Artillery. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Order in the 1917 Birthday Honours,

He was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for the Louth constituency in Lincolnshire at the 1924 general election, defeating the Liberal Margaret Wintringham, who had been the second woman to take her seat in the House of Commons.

Heneage held the seat until he retired from Parliament at the 1945 general election.

In 1912, Heneage married Anne Findlay, daughter of  Brigadier-General Neil Douglas Findlay, and had five children. He was knighted in the 1945 New Year Honours. He died at his home at Walesby Hall, Market Rasen, Lincolnshire, aged 90.

Labour politician Giles Radice was Heneage's grandson.

1917 Birthday Honours
The 1917 Birthday Honours were appointments by King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of the British Empire. The appointments were made to celebrate the official birthday of The King, and were published on 4 June and 19 June.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.
2009 European Parliament election in Sweden
The 2009 European Parliament election in Sweden was held on 7 June 2009 and determined the makeup of the Swedish delegation to the European Parliament.  The election was held using a modified form of the Sainte-Laguë method of party-list proportional representation using the entire country as a single electoral constituency. There is a threshold limit of 4 percent for Swedish elections to the European Parliament, so that any party not receiving at least four percent of the votes will not be allocated any seats.

Sweden was allocated 18 seats in the European parliament for this term, a reduction from the 19 they were allocated in the 2004 election. From December 2011 Sweden has 20 seats.

The new Pirate Party polled at 7.1%, giving it one seat, and from December 2011 two seats after the Treaty of Lisbon. The eurosceptic June List saw the biggest slump in support, falling nearly 11% and losing all 3 seats.

Turnout increased compared to the last election, from 37.9% to 45.5%.

June List
The June List (Swedish: Junilistan, jl) was a Swedish left Eurosceptic political party. Founded in 2004, it received 14% in the European Parliament election of the same year - gaining three seats. In the elections of 2009, however, it saw a drop of 11 percentage points in support and lost all of its seats. Due to its subsequent decline the party has been inactive since the 2014 European Parliament election.

The party also ran in the Swedish 2006 parliamentary election, but it only received 0.47% of the votes, far below the 4% needed to get into parliament.
Suhail Koya
Suhail Koya is a Malayalam lyricist and screenwriter who was born in Kerala.

Koya made his debut as a lyricist in the film Mosayile Kuthira Meenukal. His song "Jaathikkathottam" from Thanneer Mathan Dinangal received popular acclaim online.

Thanneer Mathan Dinangal
Thanneer Mathan Dinangal (transl. Watermelon Days) is a 2019 Indian Malayalam-language coming-of-age comedy-drama film co-written and directed by Girish A.D., and jointly produced by Jomon T. John, Shebin Backer, and Shameer Muhammed. The film stars Vineeth Sreenivasan, Mathew Thomas, Anaswara Rajan and Naslen. The music was composed by Justin Varghese. The film follows Jaison, a teenager, who has a crush on Keerthy, but she does not reciprocate his feelings. To make things worse, he gets in trouble with Ravi, the new teacher who is liked by everyone, especially Keerthy.

The film was released on 26 July 2019 and was met with a positive critical response and performed well at the box office too, becoming the fourth-highest-grossing Malayalam film of the year.
Oust
The Oust (French pronunciation: [ust]; Breton: Oud) is a river in Brittany, France, right tributary of the Vilaine. It is 145 km (90 mi) long. Its source is in the hills between Corlay and Quintin. It flows generally southeast, through the following départements and towns:

Côtes-d'Armor: Uzel

Morbihan: Rohan, Josselin, Malestroit

Ille-et-Vilaine: Redon

The Oust flows into the river Vilaine in Redon. The part of the Oust between Rohan and Redon has been made navigable for small ships, and forms part of the Canal de Nantes à Brest.

The rivers Aff, Arz and Ninian are among its tributaries.

Malestroit
Malestroit (French pronunciation: [maletʁwa]; Breton: Malastred) is a commune in the Morbihan department of Brittany in north-western France. The town is on the river Oust and part of the Nantes-Brest canal. It has several half-timbered houses.
Convention People's Party
The Convention People's Party (CPP) is a socialist political party in Ghana based on the ideas of the first President of Ghana, Kwame Nkrumah. The CPP was formed in June 1949 after Nkrumah broke away from the United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC).

Accra Evening News
The Accra Evening News was a daily newspaper established in the Gold Coast (now Ghana) in 1948 by Kwame Nkrumah. The paper's appearance marked the foundation of the press in the country as a powerful means to mobilize people, and was followed by publication of the Morning Telegraph of Sekondi appeared in January 1949, and then the Daily Mail of Cape Coast.
Richard Feldman (songwriter)
Richard Feldman is a Grammy Award-winning American songwriter and producer, raised in Tulsa, Oklahoma. He worked at Leon Russell's The Church Studio in Tulsa before moving to Los Angeles in 1978, where he was hired to lead the A&R division of Shelter Records. That year he co-wrote "Promises" for Eric Clapton with Roger Linn. The demo was recorded using an early version of the Linndrum. He also wrote songs for the Pointer Sisters, Atlantic Starr, Don Williams, Joe Cocker, The Wailing Souls and many others as well as writing and producing music for Belinda Carlisle, Shakespears Sister and Midge Ure.

Feldman won a Grammy for best reggae album in 2004 for Toots and the Maytals True Love. He was president of the AIMP (Association of Independent Music Publishers) from 2009 to 2012 creating the Nashville chapter during his term. He remains CEO of Artists First Music and runs Rijo Investment Group based in Encino, California.

Shakespears Sister
Shakespears Sister are an alternative pop and rock musical duo that was formed in 1988 by Irish singer-songwriter Siobhan Fahey, a former member of Bananarama. Shakespears Sister was initially a solo act but became a duo by 1989 with the addition of American musician Marcella Detroit. Together they released two top-ten albums and a string of top-forty hits, including the 1992 single "Stay", which remained at No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart for eight weeks. Detroit was let go from the band in 1993, leaving Fahey as the sole member again, until the latter ended the project in 1996. After working under her own name for some years, Fahey revived the Shakespears Sister moniker in 2009. In 2019, Fahey and Detroit reunited as Shakespears Sister for a tour and released the singles "All the Queen's Horses" and "When She Finds You", and the EP Ride Again.
Pensacola Dam
The Pensacola Dam, also known as the Grand River Dam, is a multiple-arch buttress dam located between the towns of Disney and Langley on the Grand River in Mayes County, Oklahoma. The dam is operated by the Grand River Dam Authority and creates Grand Lake o' the Cherokees. After decades of vision and planning, it was constructed between 1938 and 1940 for the purposes of hydroelectric power generation, flood control and recreation. It is Oklahoma's first hydroelectric power plant and is referred to as the longest multiple-arch dam in the world.

Langley, Oklahoma
Langley is a town in Mayes and Craig counties, Oklahoma, United States. It sits in the foothills of the Ozark Mountains on the coast of Grand Lake o' the Cherokees. The population was 606 at the 2020 census, down from 819 in 2010.
Duncan White
Major Deshamanya Duncan M. White MBE, ED (1 March 1918 – 3 July 1998) was a Sri Lankan sportsman. He was the first Ceylonese athlete to win an Olympic medal, winning silver in the 400-metre hurdles at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, England. He was also the second South Asian to have won an Olympic medal in track and field after Norman Pritchard of India, with the third being Susanthika Jayasinghe, another Sri Lankan, who won a silver medal in the 200 metres in 2000.

Trinity College, Kandy
Trinity College, Kandy is a private Anglican boys' school located in Kandy, Sri Lanka. It offers both day and boarding facilities. It was founded in 1872 by British Anglican missionaries of the Church Missionary Society, modelled on British public school tradition. Trinity offers primary and secondary education and is managed by the Anglican Church of Ceylon.
Alicia Austin's Age of Dreams
Alicia Austin's Age of Dreams is a collection of drawings written and illustrated by Alicia Austin. It was published in 1978 by Donald M. Grant, Publisher, Inc. in an edition of 2,000 copies, of which 200 were bound in buckram, and signed by Austin. The book contains an introduction by George Barr, and an afterword by Austin.

Donald M. Grant, Publisher
Donald M. Grant, Publisher, Inc. is a fantasy and science fiction small press publisher in New Hampshire that was founded in 1964. It is notable for publishing fantasy and horror novels with lavish illustrations, most notably Stephen King's The Dark Tower series and the King/Peter Straub novel The Talisman.
The Green Lift (1944 film)
The Green Lift (Swedish: Gröna hissen) is a 1944 Swedish comedy film directed by Börje Larsson and starring Max Hansen, Sickan Carlsson and Gaby Stenberg. It was shot at the Sundbyberg Studios of Europa Film in Stockholm. The film's sets were designed by the art director Max Linder. It is based on the Broadway play Fair and Warmer (1915) by Avery Hopwood. Larsson later remade it into a 1952 film of the same name.

Fair and Warmer
Fair and Warmer is a three-act comedy play by the American writer Avery Hopwood. It was first staged at the Eltinge Theatre in New York City on November 15, 1915, running for 377 performances, featuring Madge Kennedy, John Cumberland, Janet Beecher, Ralph Morgan, Hamilton Revelle, Olive May, Robert Fisher and Harry Lorraine. Staged by Robert Milton, it was well received by critics. It is a farce about a mild-mannered banker who becomes embroiled in an innocent scheme to rekindle the romance in his marriage using his best friend's wife.
Hering–Breuer reflex
The Hering–Breuer inflation reflex, named for Josef Breuer and Ewald Hering, is a reflex triggered to prevent the over-inflation of the lung. Pulmonary stretch receptors present on the wall of bronchi and bronchioles of the airways respond to excessive stretching of the lung during large inspirations.

Once activated, they send action potentials through large myelinated fibers of the vagus nerve to the inspiratory area in the medulla and apneustic center of the pons.  In response, the inspiratory area is inhibited directly and the apneustic center is inhibited from activating the inspiratory area. This inhibits inspiration, allowing expiration to occur.

The Hering–Breuer inflation reflex should not be confused with the deflation reflex discovered by the same individuals, Hering and Breuer.  The majority of this page discusses the inflation reflex; the deflation reflex is considered separately at the end.

Ewald Hering
Karl Ewald Konstantin Hering (5 August 1834 – 26 January 1918) was a German physiologist who did much research in color vision, binocular perception, eye movements, and hyperacuity. He proposed opponent color theory in 1892.

Born in Alt-Gersdorf, Kingdom of Saxony, Hering studied at the University of Leipzig and became the first rector of the German Charles-Ferdinand University in Prague.