hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aaron S. Watkins
Aaron Sherman Watkins (November 29, 1863 – February 9, 1941), born in Ohio, was a president of Asbury College in Kentucky. Before his ordination as a Methodist minister, he practiced law with his brother. He was the grandfather of Prohibition candidate for Vice President of the United States, W. Dean Watkins.

Long dedicated to promoting the temperance movement, Watkins served as Prohibition Party candidate for various political offices. These included:

Prohibition candidate for US Representative of Ohio 9th District, 1904

Prohibition candidate for US Vice President, 1908 & 1912

Prohibition candidate for US President, 1920

Watkins received honorary degrees of Bachelor of Science, Master of Science, Doctor of Laws, Doctor of Divinity, Doctor of Humane Letters and Doctor of Philosophy. At the time of his 1920 presidential election, he was working as a professor of science at the Miami Military Institute in Germantown, Ohio.

Asbury University
Asbury University is a private Christian university in Wilmore, Kentucky, United States. Although it is a non-denominational school, the college is aligned with the Wesleyan-Holiness movement and is a member of the Wesleyan Holiness Connection. The school offers 50-plus majors across 17 departments. In the fall of 2016, Asbury University had a total enrollment of 1,854: 1,640 traditional undergraduate students and 214 graduate students. The campus of Asbury Theological Seminary, which became a separate institution in 1922, is located across the street from Asbury University.
Crouch Hill railway station
Crouch Hill is a station on the Suffragette line of the London Overground, located on Crouch Hill in the London Borough of Islington, north London. It is 3.8 miles (6.1 km) from St Pancras (measured via Kentish Town and Mortimer Street Junction) and is situated between Upper Holloway and Harringay Green Lanes.

The National Location Code (NLC) for this station is 7406.

Crouch Hill
Crouch Hill is a street in north London, England, running between Crouch End and Stroud Green in the boroughs of Haringey and Islington. It is not to be confused with Crouch End Hill which runs between Crouch End and Hornsey Rise. (The two roads meet at a "y" junction in Crouch End and together the two routes constitute the southern access to Crouch End Broadway).

The street has a railway station of the same name on the Islington (south) slope of the hill, which is served by the Gospel Oak to Barking line. It is served by London Buses route W7.
Rahime Perestu Sultan
Rahime Perestu Sultan (Ottoman Turkish: رحیمه پرستو سلطان; c. 1830 – c. 1906), also known as Rahime Perestu Kadın, was the first legal wife of Sultan Abdulmejid I of the Ottoman Empire. She was given the title and position of valide sultan (queen mother) when Abdul Hamid II, her adopted son, ascended the throne in 1876 making her the last valide sultan of the Ottoman Empire.

Cemile Sultan
Cemile Sultan (Ottoman Turkish: جمیله سلطان; 17 August 1843 – 26 February 1915) was an Ottoman princess, the daughter of Sultan Abdulmejid I and Düzdidil Hanım. She was the half sister of Sultans Murad V, Abdul Hamid II, Mehmed V, and Mehmed VI.
MRT Circle Line
The MRT Circle Line, also known as MRT 3, is a proposed thirteenth rail transit line, the third Mass Rapid Transit line and the fifth fully automated and driverless rail system in the Klang Valley region of Malaysia. Once completed, this line would form the first loop line of the Klang Valley Integrated Transit System.

On 17 July 2025, the Minister of Transport approved the Final Railway Scheme for the project. Following a review of the feedback from the 2024 Public Inspection, the project adopted an "Intermediate MRT" (i-MRT) system technology with shorter 4-car trainsets and tighter turning radii to significantly reduce land acquisition. Construction is expected to begin in 2027 and the line is scheduled to be fully operational by 2032.

The circle line will be numbered 13 and coloured blue violet on official transit maps.

Klang Valley Integrated Transit System
The Klang Valley Integrated Transit System is an integrated transport network that primarily serves the area of Klang Valley and Greater Kuala Lumpur. The system commenced operations in August 1995 with the introduction of commuter rail service on the existing rail between Kuala Lumpur and Rawang. The system have since expanded and currently consists of 11 fully operating rail lines in a radial formation; two commuter rail lines, six rapid transit lines, one bus rapid transit line and two airport rail links to the Kuala Lumpur International Airport's (KLIA) Terminal 1 and Terminal 2, and one temporarily suspended airport rail link to the Sultan Abdul Aziz Shah Airport. The system encompasses 528.4 kilometres (328.3 mi) of grade-separated railway with 197 operational stations.
Pine Pass
The Pine Pass, in the Hart Ranges of the Northern Rockies of British Columbia, connects the Peace Country of the province's Northeastern Interior. Highway 97 and the Canadian National Railway (CNR) (formerly BC Rail network) traverse this mountain pass, which is the location of the Bijoux Falls Provincial Park, the Pine Le Moray Provincial Park, and the Powder King Mountain Resort at Azouzetta Lake.

British Columbia Highway 97
Highway 97 is a major highway in the Canadian province of British Columbia. It is the longest continuously numbered route in the province, running 2,081 kilometres (1,293 miles) and is the only route that runs the entire north–south length of British Columbia, linking the Canada–United States border near Osoyoos in the south with the British Columbia–Yukon boundary in the north at Watson Lake, Yukon.

The highway connects several major cities in BC Interior, including Kelowna, Kamloops, Prince George, and Dawson Creek. Within and near these cities, Highway 97 varies from a two-lane highway to a freeway with as many as six lanes. Some remote sections also remain unpaved and gravelled. The route takes its number from U.S. Route 97, with which it connects at the international border. The highway was initially designated '97' in 1953.
Dragutin Novak
Dragutin Karlo Novak (16 February 1892 – 31 October 1978) was the first person in what is now Croatia to make a heavier-than-air flight by flying a plane constructed by Slavoljub Eduard Penkala on 22 June 1910.

Novak flew in an airplane made by constructor Slavoljub Penkala from the military training-field in Črnomerec, Zagreb. Later, during one of Novak's flying achievements, on 20 October 1910, the airplane was damaged, and Penkala gave up on aircraft design.

Križevci
Križevci (Croatian: [krǐːʒeːʋtsi]; Latin: Crisium; Hungarian: Kőrös [ˈkøːrøʃ]; German: Kreutz [kʁɔʏts] ⓘ) is a town in northern Croatia with a total population of 18,949 and with 10,522 in the town itself, It is the oldest town in its county, the Koprivnica-Križevci County.
Sambród
Sambród [ˈsambrut] (German Samrodt) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Małdyty, within Ostróda County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north of Małdyty, 32 km (20 mi) north-west of Ostróda, and 54 km (34 mi) west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Gmina Małdyty
Gmina Małdyty is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Ostróda County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Małdyty, which lies approximately 29 kilometres (18 mi) north-west of Ostróda and 52 km (32 mi) west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The gmina covers an area of 188.94 square kilometres (73.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,281.
Instituto Pedro Nunes
Instituto Pedro Nunes (IPN) is a non-profit private organization for innovation and technology transfer based in Coimbra, Portugal. It is named after the Portuguese 16th century mathematician and professor Pedro Nunes, who lived in the city of Coimbra and worked for the local university.

Pedro Nunes
Pedro Nunes (Portuguese: [ˈpeðɾu ˈnunɨʃ]; Latin: Petrus Nonius; 1502 – 11 August 1578) was a Portuguese mathematician, cosmographer, and professor, probably from a New Christian (of Jewish origin) family.

Considered one of the greatest mathematicians of his time, Nunes is best known for being the first to approach navigation and cartography with mathematical tools. Among other accomplishments, he was the first to propose the idea of a loxodrome (a rhumb line), and was the inventor of several measuring devices, including the nonius (from which the Vernier scale was derived), named after his Latin surname.
Palm River-Clair Mel, Florida
Palm River-Clair Mel is a census-designated place (CDP) in Hillsborough County, Florida, United States. The population was 21,024 at the 2010 census, up from 17,589 at the 2000 census. The census area includes the unincorporated communities of Clair-Mel City and Palm River. The ZIP code for Palm River-Clair Mel is 33619.

Clair-Mel City, Florida
Clair-Mel City (Clair Mel) is an unincorporated community in Hillsborough County, Florida, United States. The community is combined with Palm River to form the census-designated place of Palm River-Clair Mel.
Aaron Mosher
Aaron Roland Mosher CBE (May 10, 1881 – September 26, 1959) was a Canadian labour leader and trade unionist. In 1908, he became founding president of the Canadian Brotherhood of Railway Employees, a position he held until 1952.

The policies of the CBRE under Mosher led to the formation of the Canadian affiliate of the all-black Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters.

For his work during World War II, he was made a Commander in the Order of the British Empire. In 1981, commemorating the centenary of his birth, a postage stamp was issued depicting Mosher flanked by two railway workers.

Canadian Brotherhood of Railway Employees
The Canadian Brotherhood of Railway Employees and Other Transport Workers was an industrial union of railway workers in Canada. It was formed on October 12, 1908, in Moncton, New Brunswick. The organization was led by its president Aaron Mosher from its establishment until 1952. The union was an opponent of larger railway worker unions based in the United States. It was a founding member of the Canadian Congress of Labour and ally of the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF).
Alfred Lewis Jones
Sir Alfred Lewis Jones KCMG comYC (24 February 1845 – 13 December 1909) was a Welsh businessman and ship-owner. Described by W. T. Stead as "The Uncrowned King of West Africa", Jones was a pre-eminent figure in the colonial shipping trade who amassed considerable business through his many exploits. He was also regarded as a public benefactor in later life and through the execution of his will.

Bank of British West Africa
Bank of British West Africa (BBWA) was a British Overseas bank that was important in introducing modern banking into the countries that emerged from the UK's West African colonies. In 1957 it changed its name to Bank of West Africa, and in 1965 was acquired by Standard Bank.
Edward H. Gillette
Edward Hooker Gillette (October 1, 1840 – August 14, 1918) was a nineteenth-century populist politician and editor from Iowa. He was elected on the Greenback Party ticket to represent Iowa's 7th congressional district for only one term in Congress, but remained active in populist political movements. Gillette was the son of Senator Francis Gillette and Elisabeth Daggett Hooker, a descendant of Rev. Thomas Hooker, and the brother of actor/playwright William Gillette.

Born in Bloomfield, Connecticut, he attended public schools in Hartford, Connecticut as a child and went on to attend the New York State College of Agriculture in Ovid, New York.

Bloomfield, Connecticut
Bloomfield is a suburb of Hartford in the Capitol Planning Region, Connecticut, United States. The town's population was 21,535 at the 2020 census, Bloomfield's highest decennial census count ever. Bloomfield is best known as the headquarters of healthcare services company Cigna.
John Willie
John Alexander Scott Coutts (9 December 1902 – 5 August 1962), better known by the pseudonym John Willie, was an artist, fetish photographer, cartoonist, specialty shoe designer, and the publisher and editor of the first 20 issues of the fetish magazine Bizarre, featuring his characters Sweet Gwendoline and Sir Dystic d'Arcy. Though distributed underground, Bizarre magazine had a far-reaching impact on later fetish-themed publications and experienced a resurgence in popularity, along with fetish model Bettie Page, beginning in the 1970s. As noted in John Willie: The Story of John Alexander Scott Coutts, Richard Pérez Seves's definitive biography:

In the realm of 20th-century underground art, John Willie stands as a singular figure whose meticulous artistry and imaginative vision redefined fetish as both a creative and cultural force. More than just an 'erotic artist,' Willie’s work blended fantasy and humor with a refined style that elevated his art beyond mere titillation.

Gene Bilbrew
Eugene "Gene" Bilbrew (June 29, 1923 – May 1974) was an American vocal group singer, cartoonist, and "bizarre art" pioneer. As noted in the biography, GENE BILBREW REVEALED: The Unsung Legacy of a Fetish Art Pioneer, he was "the first black career fetish artist in history.": 4  Starting in the mid-1950s, he was among the most prolific illustrators of fetish-oriented pulp book covers. In addition to signing his work under his own name, he produced art under a range of pseudonyms, including ENEG ("Gene" spelled backwards), Van Rod, and Bondy.: 80
Oratorio Society of Baltimore
The Oratorio Society of Baltimore was founded by Otto Sutro in 1882, with Fritz Finke as music director. Its first performance came in 1885.

In 1892, Finke left the Oratorio Society to return to Germany. Mr. Sutro contacted Joseph Pache, a German conservatory professor in New York, to succeed Finke as general director. Pache directed the society through its disbandment in 1924.

Fritz Finke
Fritz Finke was a choral conductor, composer and arranger in the United States and Germany. Along with fellow composers Joseph Pache, Asger Hamerik, Richard Burmeister and Otto Sutro, Finke was a leading figure in the musical culture of late-1800s Baltimore.

With Sutro, Finke created the Oratorio Society of Baltimore, for which he wrote arrangements and original works, with the group comprising several hundred singers under Finke's directorship: A brief Washington Post article from 1883 explains how the group's "fourth annual concert" took place that year "at the Fifth Regiment armory, when Haydn's 'Creation' was sung, the chorus numbering over 600 voices."

According to an 1890 listing of notable American choral groups by Harper's Weekly, Finke was still considered active as the director of the group at that time.

By December 1892, Pache had moved to Baltimore, having been recruited to replace Finke after the composer returned to Germany.
Variational bicomplex
In mathematics, the Lagrangian theory on fiber bundles is globally formulated in algebraic terms of the variational bicomplex, without appealing to the calculus of variations. For instance, this is the case of  classical field theory on fiber bundles (covariant classical field theory).

The variational bicomplex is a cochain complex of the differential graded algebra of exterior forms on jet manifolds of sections of a fiber bundle. Lagrangians and Euler–Lagrange operators on a fiber bundle are defined as elements of this bicomplex. Cohomology of the variational bicomplex leads to the global first variational formula and first Noether's theorem.

Extended to Lagrangian theory of even and odd fields on graded manifolds, the variational bicomplex provides strict mathematical formulation of classical field theory in a general case of reducible degenerate Lagrangians and the Lagrangian BRST theory.

Graded manifold
In algebraic geometry, graded manifolds are extensions of the concept of manifolds based on ideas coming from supersymmetry and supercommutative algebra. Both graded manifolds and supermanifolds are phrased in terms of sheaves of graded commutative algebras. However, graded manifolds are characterized by sheaves on smooth manifolds, while supermanifolds are constructed by gluing of sheaves of supervector spaces.
Lost in America (2018 film)
Lost in America is a documentary feature film by director Rotimi Rainwater. The film aims to shine a light on the issue of homeless youth in the United States. It investigates the reasons youth become homeless, the challenges they face while on the streets and the possible ways to help them find homes and get off the street for good.

The film includes appearances by singers Jon Bon Jovi and Jewel, actors Halle Berry, Rosario Dawson and Mike C. Manning (who is also a producer on the film) and US Senator Patrick Leahy. The film was shown out of competition at the Bentonville Film Festival. Jewel also wrote a track for the film, "No More Tears", which was subsequently included on her 2022 album Freewheelin' Woman as a duet with Darius Rucker.

Lost in America is a continuation of Rotimi Rainwater's journey of shining the light on youth homelessness after directing the feature film Sugar.

Freewheelin' Woman
Freewheelin' Woman is the thirteenth studio album by American singer-songwriter Jewel, released on April 15, 2022, via her own label, Words Matter Media. It is Jewel's first album in seven years, following 2015's Picking Up the Pieces. The album was co-produced by Jewel and Butch Walker and was developed with the intention for Jewel to create music that she felt connected to and excited about rather than creating in order to meet expectations. Lyrically, the album touches on themes of independence, hope, womanhood, and heartbreak.
Miyake Subprefecture
Miyake Subprefecture (三宅支庁, Miyake-shichō) is a subprefecture of Tokyo Metropolis, Japan. The organization belongs to the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Bureau Of General Affairs.

It includes the following villages on the Izu Islands:

Miyake (village on Miyakejima)

Mikurajima (village on Mikurajima)

Its area is 76.08 square km and the population is 3184 people.

Because of the eruptions of the main volcano, Miyakejima was completely evacuated from September 2000. After a four-year period of volcanic emissions, residents were allowed to return permanently on February 1, 2005.

Subprefectures of Japan
Subprefecture of Japan (支庁, shichō) are a Japanese form of self-government which focuses on local issues below the prefectural level. It acts as part of the greater administration of the state and as part of a self-government system.
Chris Renaud (swimmer)
Christopher Renaud (born 29 August 1976) is a former backstroke swimmer from Canada, who competed in two consecutive Summer Olympics for his native country, starting in 1996. His highlights include setting a world record in the short course 50-metre backstroke in 1997, and won several Canadian titles.  He is an alumnus of Bishop Carroll High School.

Renaud was the first Canadian to break the two-minute barrier in the 200-metre backstroke, clocking 1:59.81 at the national championships in 1996, held just after the 1996 Olympics.  He temporarily retired in 1997 to re-examine his career options, however he returned to Canada in 1998 and competed at the 1998 Commonwealth Games.  His father Raymond Renaud played hockey for the Montreal Junior Canadiens in 1967.

Bishop Carroll High School (Calgary)
Bishop Carroll High School is a Canadian Catholic high school that is part of the Calgary Catholic School District in Alberta. The school is named after Francis Patrick Carroll, the Bishop of Calgary from 1935 to 1966. The school welcomes students who are not Catholic but all pupils are expected to complete religious studies courses.

Bishop Carroll's athletic teams are nicknamed the Cardinals.
The Goodwin Games
The Goodwin Games is an American television sitcom that aired as a midseason replacement on Fox from May 20 to July 1, 2013. The show was created by Carter Bays and Craig Thomas (creators of How I Met Your Mother) alongside Chris Harris.

T.J. Miller
Todd Joseph Miller (born June 4, 1981) is an American stand-up comedian, actor, producer, and screenwriter. He played Erlich Bachman in the HBO sitcom Silicon Valley (2014–2017) and the Marvel Comics  character Weasel in the superhero comedy film Deadpool (2016) and its 2018 sequel.

Miller took supporting roles in comedies such as Yogi Bear (2010), Seeking a Friend for the End of the World (2012), and Goon: Last of the Enforcers (2017) as well in action films such as Unstoppable (2010), Transformers: Age of Extinction (2014), Ready Player One (2018), and Underwater (2020). He also voiced characters in the How to Train Your Dragon films (2010–2014) and the television series DreamWorks Dragons (2012–2018), as well as Big Hero 6 (2014) and The Emoji Movie (2017).
Cascade Falls (Lincoln County, Oregon)
Cascade Falls is a waterfall from the Cascade Creek, shortly before it empties in Alsea River, in Lincoln County, Oregon. Cascade Creek is known for being a point for fishing chinook salmon, bull trout, and steelhead trout.

Alsea River
The Alsea River flows 48.5 miles (78.1 km) from Alsea, an unincorporated community in the coastal mountains of the U.S. state of Oregon, to the Pacific Ocean near the city of Waldport. It begins at the confluence of the North Fork Alsea River and the South Fork Alsea River and ends in Alsea Bay, a wide estuary at Waldport. The river flows generally west-northwest in a winding course through the mountains of southern Benton and Lincoln counties, passing near the unincorporated community of Tidewater and through the Siuslaw National Forest. Its drainage basin extends into Lane County, along the headwaters of the South Fork Alsea River.

The Alsea River supports runs of chinook and coho salmon, as well as steelhead and coastal cutthroat trout. The Alsea River Fish Hatchery is along one of its tributaries, the North Fork Alsea River.
St. Peter an der Sperr
St. Peter an der Sperr was a Dominican convent church in Wiener Neustadt in Austria. The church building is now used as an exhibition space. The convent building now houses a museum.

In August 2016, during excavations in the run-up to planned conversion work for the 2019 Lower Austrian State Exhibition, archaeologists came across two medieval graves.

Wiener Neustadt
Wiener Neustadt (German pronunciation: [ˈviːnɐ ˈnɔʏʃtat] ⓘ; lit. 'Viennese New Town'; Central Bavarian: Weana Neistod, pronounced [ˈvɛɐ̯nɐ ˈnɔɪ̯ʃtɔt]) is a city in southern part of the Austrian state of Lower Austria. The city is located some 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of the centre of the capital Vienna. It is a self-governed city and the seat of the district administration of Wiener Neustadt-Land District.

Wiener Neustadt is the site of one of the world's oldest military academies, the Theresian Military Academy, which was established by Empress Maria Theresa of Austria in 1751 to train officers for the Austrian army.
1998 Alfred Dunhill Cup
The 1998 Alfred Dunhill Cup was the 14th Alfred Dunhill Cup. It was a team tournament featuring 16 countries, each represented by three players. The Cup was played 8–11 October at the Old Course at St Andrews in Scotland. The sponsor was the Alfred Dunhill company. The South African team of Ernie Els, David Frost, and Retief Goosen beat the Spanish team of Miguel Ángel Jiménez, Santiago Luna, and José María Olazábal in the final. It was the second win for South Africa, with the same team having won in 1997.

David Frost (golfer)
David Laurence Frost (born 11 September 1959) is a South African professional golfer who was ranked in the top 10 of the Official World Golf Ranking in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Frost has 29 professional tournament wins to his name, spread across four continents, including the World Series of Golf, South African Open, Nedbank Million Dollar Challenge and Canadian Open. He has also been on the winning Alfred Dunhill Cup team and played in the Presidents Cup.