hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cedar Lake (Manitoba)
Cedar Lake is a lake just north of Lake Winnipegosis in Manitoba, Canada. Cedar Lake's water level is controlled by the Grand Rapids Dam. The town of Grand Rapids and the First Nations town of Easterville are nearby.

The lake is known to have excellent examples of prehistoric amber fossil of cretaceous age. This type of amber is called as "Chemawinit", according to an Indian tribe which lives in this area. Another name of this amber is "Cedarit". This amber contains many organic inclusions. To date, these inclusions have not been thoroughly researched.

The lake's main source is the Saskatchewan River, which forms a delta on the northwest side of the lake. The flow of the Saskatchewan River to Lake Winnipeg on the eastern end of Cedar Lake is regulated by the Grand Rapids Dam built in 1962 by Manitoba Hydro.

Some 40 commercial fishing licenses are granted to operate on the lake, which produce between $600,000 and $1M in landed value, making it the 4th largest fishery in Manitoba.

Hydroelectric Development in Easterville, Chemawawin
Hydroelectric development in Easterville, Chemawawin began in 1962. By the early 1960s a new era began to emerge in Northern Manitoba with the development of hydroelectric projects. In 1962 the government of Manitoba contacted the Chemawawin Cree Nation asking them to surrender their lands so that the Grand Rapids Dam could be constructed. Subsequent flooding of the land that belonged to the Chemawawin people meant relocating them to Easterville, Manitoba. The Grand Rapids Forebay Administration Committee, or Forebay Committee for short, sent what is known as the "Letter of intent" or "Forebay Agreement" to the Chemawawin community stipulating a number of promises to them should they decide to relocate. Ultimately the Chemawawin people relocated to Easterville and continue to live there today. The agreements made between the government of Manitoba and the Chemawawin Indian Band are highly disputed in terms of whether the agreements were fulfilled.
Finland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1980
Finland was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1980 with the song "Huilumies", composed by Aarno Raninen, with lyrics by Vexi Salmi, and performed by Vesa-Matti Loiri. The Finnish participating broadcaster, Yleisradio (Yle), selected its entry through a national final.

Vexi Salmi
Veikko Olavi "Vexi" Salmi (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈʋeksi ˈsɑlmi]; 21 September 1942 – 8 September 2020) was a Finnish lyricist.  He wrote the lyrics to numerous popular songs for several prominent artists, including Irwin Goodman, Jari Sillanpää, and Katri Helena.  His career as a lyricist began in the 1960s, and continued until his death. During his prolific career, he wrote the lyrics for over 4,000 songs, more than 2,400 of which have been recorded. In addition to song lyrics, he authored several novels and one collection of poetry.  Salmi's latest work also included collaborating with Ilkka Lipsanen on a 60th anniversary album, and he also acted as a judge on a television program on music lyrics, Biisikärpänen

Salmi was awarded the Juha Vainio Writer's Award in 1993 for his long and successful career as a lyricist. Another music writer's award, the Vexi Salmi Award, was named after him in 2003.
Fjordane District Court
Fjordane District Court (Norwegian: Fjordane tingrett) was a district court in Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway. The court was based in the town of Førde. The court existed from 2005 until 2017. It had jurisdiction over the municipalities of Førde, Askvoll, Bremanger, Eid, Fjaler, Flora, Gaular, Gloppen, Hornindal, Hyllestad, Høyanger, Jølster, Naustdal, Selje, Solund, Stryn and Vågsøy. Cases from this court could be appealed to Gulating Court of Appeal.

The court was a court of first instance. Its judicial duties were mainly to settle criminal cases and to resolve civil litigation as well as bankruptcy. The administration and registration tasks of the court included death registration, issuing certain certificates, performing duties of a notary public, and officiating civil wedding ceremonies. Cases from this court were heard by a combination of professional judges and lay judges.

Sogn og Fjordane
Sogn og Fjordane (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsɔŋn ɔ ˈfjûːrɑnə] ⓘ; literally "Parish and the Fjords") was a county in western Norway, from 1 January 1919 to 31 December 2019, after it was merged to become part of Vestland county. It was surrounded by Møre og Romsdal, Oppland, Buskerud, and Hordaland counties. The county administration was in the village of Hermansverk in Leikanger Municipality. The largest town in the county was Førde.

Although Sogn og Fjordane has some industry, predominantly hydroelectricity and aluminium, it is predominantly an agricultural area. Sogn og Fjordane is also home to the Urnes Stave Church and the Nærøyfjord, which are both listed by UNESCO as World Heritage Sites.

The Western Norway University of Applied Sciences has campuses in Sogndalsfjøra and Førde.
Khaled Abu Toameh
Khaled Abu Toameh (Arabic: خالد أبو طعمة, Hebrew: חאלד אבו טועמה) is an Israeli Arab journalist, lecturer and documentary filmmaker.

Abu Toameh writes for The Jerusalem Post and for the New York–based Gatestone Institute, where he is a senior distinguished fellow. He worked a producer and consultant for NBC News. His articles have also appeared in numerous newspapers around the world.

Gatestone Institute
Gatestone Institute is an American far-right think tank known for publishing anti-Islamist articles. It was founded in 2012 by Nina Rosenwald, who serves as its president. John Bolton, former U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations and former National Security Advisor, was its chairman from 2013 until March 2018. Its current chairman is Amir Taheri. The organization has attracted attention for publishing false or inaccurate articles, some of which were shared widely.
Powerful Patriots: Nationalist Protest in China's Foreign Relations
Powerful Patriots: Nationalist Protest in China’s Foreign Relations is a 2014 non-fiction book by Jessica Chen Weiss.

It details the extent to which public protests are forbidden, permitted, or encouraged by the Chinese government and how the government uses nationalism to advance its foreign policy.

Jessica Chen Weiss
Jessica Chen Weiss is an American international relations scholar specializing in China–United States relations. She is currently the David M. Lampton Professor of China Studies at Johns Hopkins SAIS and Senior Fellow in Chinese Politics, Foreign Policy, and National Security at Asia Society Policy Institute's Center for China Analysis.
Von Zeipel theorem
In astrophysics, the von Zeipel theorem states that the radiative flux  in a uniformly rotating star is proportional to the local effective gravity . The theorem is named after Swedish astronomer Edvard Hugo von Zeipel.

The theorem is:

where the luminosity  and mass  are evaluated on a surface of constant pressure . The effective temperature  can then be found at a given colatitude  from the local effective gravity:

This relation ignores the effect of convection in the envelope, so it primarily applies to early-type stars.

According to the theory of rotating stars, if the rotational velocity of a star depends only on the radius, it cannot simultaneously be in thermal and hydrostatic equilibrium. This is called the von Zeipel paradox. The paradox is resolved, however, if the rotational velocity also depends on height, or there is a meridional circulation. A similar situation may arise in accretion disks.

Edvard Hugo von Zeipel
Edvard Hugo von Zeipel (8 February 1873 – 8 June 1959) was a Swedish astronomer, with the specialist fields of study of celestial mechanics, astrophotography, and theoretical astrophysics. He worked at the Stockholm Observatory from 1897 to 1900, participated in scientific expeditions to Spitzbergen in 1898, 1901, and 1902, then worked at the Pulkovo Observatory from 1901 to 1902, the Paris observatory from 1904 to 1906, and the Uppsala Astronomical Observatory from 1911.  He proved a key theorem about the Painlevé conjecture.

Von Zeipel specialized in 'celestial mechanics, especially distribution of stars and globular star clusters, asteroid motions, and problems of radiation equilibrium. "

In 1930, von Zeipel was awarded the A. Cressy Morrison Prize from the New York Academy of Sciences for his theory that "the stars like the Sun were recurrent novae."
Madeleine Coudray
Madeleine Coudray (born 1907 in Ruffec, Charente; died 1978 in Orléans) is a French crime writer. Her writing gained attention beginning in the 1960s. She received the 1978 Grand Prix de Littérature Policière award.

Grand Prix de Littérature Policière
The Grand Prix de Littérature Policière (or the Police Literature Grand Prize) is a French literary prize founded in 1948 by author and literary critic Maurice-Bernard Endrèbe.  It is the most prestigious award for crime and detective fiction in France. Two prizes are awarded annually to the best French novel and to the best international crime novel published in that year.
Chaos Wars
Chaos Wars (カオスウォーズ, Kaosu Wōzu) is a tactical role-playing video game developed and published by Idea Factory for the PlayStation 2. It was originally released in Japan on September 21, 2006. It was localized and released in North America by O~3 Entertainment in 2008, where it gained infamy for its poor voice acting.

Promotional art for the game is by Kinu Nishimura. The game's opening theme "Shūtan no Ou to Isekai no Kishi ~The Endia & The Knights~" was done by Sound Horizon. In North America, the game was released on June 3, 2008 as a GameStop exclusive.

Chaos Wars is a crossover between several companies' role-playing video game series, including Aruze's Shadow Hearts, Atlus's Growlanser, Idea Factory's Blazing Souls and  Spectral Souls: Resurrection of the Ethereal Empires,  and RED Entertainment's Gungrave and Code of the Samurai.

Sound Horizon
Sound Horizon is a Japanese symphonic rock musical group with composer Revo (Japanese pronunciation: [ɾebo]) as the leader and only permanent member. They describe themselves as a "fantasy band" and have released works that closely resemble classical suites. Their songs often revolve around historical events and classic fairytales. When creating music based on other people's stories, the band uses the name Linked Horizon.
2015 FIVB Volleyball Women's U20 World Championship
The 2015 FIVB Volleyball Women's U20 World Championship was the eighteenth edition of the FIVB Volleyball Women's U20 World Championship, which was hosted by Puerto Rico from 11 to 19 September 2015 in the cities of Caguas, Gurabo, Juncos and Maunabo.

Dominican Republic defeated Brazil 3-2 in the final to claim their first title. This marked the first world title for Dominican Republic at any age group. Brayelin Martínez was elected the Most Valuable Player.

Brazil women's national volleyball team
The Brazil women's national volleyball team is administered by the Confederação Brasileira de Voleibol (CBV) and takes part in international volleyball competitions. With a tally of 46 titles the Brazil women's volleyball national team is one of the most successful national teams of all time. They have won 6 olympic medals including two gold medals, in the 2008 Summer Olympics and in 2012 Summer Olympics. They also hold the record of FIVB World Grand Prix championship titles having won the competition 12 times. In regional competitions they have won gold four times in the Pan American Games, and have 23 titles in the Women's South American Volleyball Championship.

The most successful coaches for Brazil are Bernardo Rezende, who led the team from 1990 to 2000, and José Roberto Guimarães, who has managed the team since 2004. Currently the team is ranked second in the FIVB World Rankings as of June 2025.
Loveland, Ohio
Loveland is a city in Hamilton, Clermont, and Warren counties in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. The population was 13,307 at the 2020 census. Considered part of the Cincinnati metropolitan area, Loveland is located near exit 52 off Interstate 275, about 15 miles (24 km) northeast of the Cincinnati city limits. It borders Symmes, Miami and Hamilton townships and straddles the Little Miami River. Once a busy railroad town, Loveland is now a major stop along the Little Miami Scenic Trail.

The Cincinnati Enquirer
The Cincinnati Enquirer is a morning daily newspaper published by USA Today Co. in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. First published in 1841, the Enquirer is the last remaining daily newspaper in Greater Cincinnati and Northern Kentucky, although the daily Journal-News competes with the Enquirer in the northern suburbs. The Enquirer has the highest circulation of any print publication in the Cincinnati metropolitan area. A daily local edition for Northern Kentucky is published as The Kentucky Enquirer. In addition to the Cincinnati Enquirer and Kentucky Enquirer, USA Today Co. publishes a variety of print and electronic periodicals in the Cincinnati area, including 16 Community Press weekly newspapers, 10 Community Recorder weekly newspapers, and OurTown magazine. The Enquirer is available online at the Cincinnati.com website. The paper has won two Pulitzer Prizes, in 1991 and 2018.
Jerry Gana
Jerry Gana is a Nigerian scholar, politician, and former senator of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, serving briefly in 1983 before becoming Director for the Directorate of Food, Roads and Infrastructure (DFRRI). He was later appointed Director of the Mass Mobilization for Social Justice and Economic Recovery (MAMSER) under Ibrahim Babangida, then Minister of Agriculture and Natural Resources in the Interim National Government under Ernest Shonekan. He later became Minister of Information and Culture under General Sani Abacha, then Minister of Co-operation and Integration in Africa under Olusegun Obasanjo, as well as being Minister of Information and National Orientation. He also served as Political Adviser to Olusegun Obasanjo before announcing plans to run for president in June 2006.

Social Democratic Party (Nigeria)
The Social Democratic Party of Nigeria (SDP) is a centre-left political party in Nigeria. It was created alongside the National Republican Convention by former military president Ibrahim Babangida, as part of a democracy project meant to form two national political parties – one slightly to the left and the other to the right. During the Nigerian Third Republic, it was seen as a moderate party attractive to young radical intellectuals and socialists. Its manifesto advocates for concerted efforts to improve welfare and fight for social justice.
Satilla River
The Satilla River rises in Ben Hill County, Georgia, United States, near the town of Fitzgerald, and flows in a mostly easterly direction to the Atlantic Ocean.  Along its approximately 235-mile (378 km) course are the cities of Waycross, Waynesville, and Woodbine.  The Satilla drains almost 4,000 square miles (10,000 km2) of land, all of it in the coastal plain of southeastern Georgia. It has white sandbars and is the largest blackwater river situated entirely within Georgia. The Satilla enters the Atlantic Ocean about 10 miles (16 km) south of Brunswick, at the 31st parallel north. Satilla River Marsh Island The river derives its name from a Spanish officer named Saint Illa, and over time the name was corrupted to form the word Satilla. French explorer Jean Ribault named the river the Somme when he encountered it in 1562. The river was later given the name Aisne by Jacques le Moyne.

Ben Hill County, Georgia
Ben Hill County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,194. The county seat is Fitzgerald. The county was organized in 1906. It is named after Benjamin Harvey Hill, a former Confederate and United States Senator.

Ben Hill County comprises the Fitzgerald micropolitan statistical area. The Ben Hill County Courthouse and Ben Hill County Jail are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Reticulomedusa
Reticulomedusa is an extinct genus of prehistoric cnidarian containing a single species, Reticulomedusa greenei. It is known from the Mazon Creek located in Illinois. Although it was once described as jellyfish, it may be pedal or oral disc of Essexella which is reinterpreted as sea anemone.

Mazon Creek fossil beds
The Mazon Creek fossil beds are a conservation lagerstätte found near Morris, in Grundy County, Illinois. The fossils are preserved in ironstone concretions, formed approximately 309 million years ago in the mid-Pennsylvanian epoch of the Carboniferous period. These concretions frequently preserve both hard and soft tissues of animal and plant materials, as well as many soft-bodied organisms that do not normally fossilize. The quality, quantity and diversity of fossils in the area, known since the mid-nineteenth century, make the Mazon Creek lagerstätte important to paleontologists attempting to reconstruct the paleoecology of the sites. The locality was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1997.
Miodrag Davidović
Miodrag "Daka" Davidović (Serbian Cyrillic: Миодраг "Дака" Давидовић; born 1957) is a Montenegrin businessman, economist and politician, prominent representative of Serbs from Montenegro, benefactor of the Serbian Orthodox Church and a longtime financier of the Montenegrin opposition during the a thirty-year long DPS rule in Montenegro. Davidović is founder and the current leader of the Popular Movement, conservative political party in Montenegro.

Democratic Front (Montenegro)
The Democratic Front (Serbo-Croatian: Демократски фронт / Demokratski front, DF) was a right-wing populist and socially conservative political alliance in Montenegro. It was composed of the New Serb Democracy, Movement for Changes and Democratic People's Party, with some other minor parties as the alliance's partners at the local level, while United Montenegro and Workers' Party were external members of the Democratic Front parliamentary group. The alliance was formed mainly to oust the Democratic Party of Socialists, the party in power from the introduction of the multi-party system until the 2020 parliamentary election.
Flushing and North Side Railroad
The Flushing and North Side Railroad was a former railroad on Long Island built by Conrad Poppenhusen as a replacement for the former New York and Flushing Railroad. The railroad was established in 1868, was merged with the Central Railroad of Long Island in 1874 to form the Flushing, North Shore and Central Railroad, and was finally acquired by the Long Island Rail Road in 1876. Today the main line is known as the Port Washington Branch of the Long Island Rail Road.

Winfield Junction station
Winfield Junction is a junction between the Main Line and Port Washington Branch of the Long Island Rail Road in the Woodside section of Queens in New York City. Between 1854 and 1929, the Winfield Junction station stood on this site.
Col. William Henderson French House
Col. William Henderson French House, also known as "Legend Valley Farm," is a historic home located near Athens, Mercer County, West Virginia. It was built about 1855, and is a three-story, frame dwelling with an ell with Greek Revival overtones. It sits on a sandstone foundation and features porches with small, rounded columns and railings of various designs.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Athens, West Virginia
Athens is a town in Mercer County, West Virginia, United States. The population was 944 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Bluefield micropolitan area which has a population of 107,578. Athens is the home of Concord University.
St. Nicholas (magazine)
St. Nicholas was a popular monthly American children's magazine, founded by Scribner's in 1873 and named after the Christian saint. The first editor was Mary Mapes Dodge, who continued her association with the magazine until her death in 1905. Dodge published work by the country's leading writers, including Louisa May Alcott, Frances Hodgson Burnett, Mark Twain, Laura E. Richards and Joel Chandler Harris. Many famous writers were first published in St. Nicholas League, a department that offered awards and cash prizes to the best work submitted by its juvenile readers. Edna St. Vincent Millay, F. Scott Fitzgerald, E. B. White, and Stephen Vincent Benét were all St. Nicholas League winners.

St. Nicholas ceased publication in 1940. A revival was attempted in 1943, but only a few issues were published before St. Nicholas folded once more.

Laura E. Richards
Laura Elizabeth Howe Richards (February 27, 1850 – January 14, 1943) was an American writer. She wrote more than 90 books including biographies, poetry, and several for children. One well-known children's poem is her literary nonsense verse Eletelephony.
Glynde
Glynde is a village and civil parish in the Lewes District of East Sussex, England. It is located two miles (5 km) east of the town of Lewes. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 194. The parts of Glynde village around Glynde railway station fall within the neighbouring parish of Beddingham; the two parishes have shared a grouped parish council since 1972.

Glyndebourne is a large house at the northern end of the parish, known for its opera festival.

Aerial tramway
An aerial tramway, aerial tram, sky tram, cable car or aerial cablecar, aerial cableway or ropeway is a type of aerial lift that uses one or two stationary cables for support, with a third moving cable providing propulsion. With this form of lift, the grip of an aerial tramway cabin is fixed onto the propulsion cable and cannot be decoupled from it during operation. Aerial tramways usually provide lower line capacities and longer wait times than gondola lifts.
C.R. Patterson and Sons
C.R. Patterson and Sons was an American automotive company headquartered in Greenfield, Ohio and for one year in Gallia, Ohio; founded by Charles Richard Patterson.

The Pattersons were the first African Americans to manufacture automobiles, their company manufacturing and marketing the Patterson-Greenfield automobile for model years 1914-17 with overall production reaching 150 — none known to have survived.

As the only known black-owned automakers, founded by a formerly enslaved person, operating during a period of cultural oppression, successful for three generations, Charles Richard Patterson and Frederick Patterson were inducted into the Automotive Hall of Fame in 2021.

Automotive Hall of Fame
The Automotive Hall of Fame is a hall of fame and museum honoring influential figures in the history of the automotive industry. Located in Dearborn, Michigan, a suburb of Detroit, US. The Hall of Fame is part of the MotorCities National Heritage Area.
Nus de la Trinitat
Nus de la Trinitat (Spanish : Nudo de la Trinidad), is a major highway interchange in northern Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. It was constructed in 1992, for the 1992 Summer Olympics. In fact, it was one of the main components of the Barcelona high-capacity beltway, formed by Ronda Litoral and Ronda de Dalt.

There are four highways converging to the Nus de la Trinitat:

Ronda de Dalt ( B-20).

Ronda Litoral ( B-10)

C-58 highway ( C-58)

B-20 Barcelona-Montgat motorway.

Nus de la Trinitat is the busiest traffic junction in Barcelona since four primary motorways converge there and is frequently saturated on rush hour.

C-58 highway (Spain)
C-58 is a Spanish motorway that starts in Barcelona (Nus de la Trinitat) and ends in Terrassa, crossing Cerdanyola del Vallès, Sabadell and other cities which are part of the Barcelona metropolitan area. It is 25 kilometres (16 mi) long and connects with the toll highway C-16 highway (Spain).

Despite its shortness, it is the most-transited motorway in Catalonia and one of the most-transited highways in Spain. It is also the first highway that has implemented a new HOV Lane (in Spanish, Carril Bus-VAO), which was inaugurated on 29 October 2012.

After Terrassa, it continues as a conventional highway to Manresa, parallel to the C-16 highway.