hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polymer-bonded explosive
Polymer-bonded explosives, also called PBX or plastic-bonded explosives, are explosive materials in which explosive powder is bound together in a matrix using small quantities (typically 5–10% by weight) of a synthetic polymer. PBXs are normally used for explosive materials that are not easily melted into a casting, or are otherwise difficult to form.

PBX was first developed in 1952 at Los Alamos National Laboratory, as RDX embedded in polystyrene with diisooctyl phthalate (DEHP) plasticizer. HMX compositions with teflon-based binders were developed in 1960s and 1970s for gun shells and for Apollo Lunar Surface Experiments Package (ALSEP) seismic experiments, although the latter experiments are usually cited as using hexanitrostilbene (HNS).

RDX
RDX (Research Department Explosive or Royal Demolition Explosive), or hexogen, also known by other names, is an organic compound with the formula (CH2N2O2)3. It is white, odorless, tasteless, and widely used as an explosive. Chemically, it is classified as a nitroamine alongside HMX, which is a more energetic explosive than trinitrotoluene (TNT). It was used widely in World War II and remains common in military applications.  It is lower performing and more toxic than modern replacements like TKX-50.

RDX is often used in mixtures with other explosives and plasticizers or phlegmatizers (desensitizers); it is the explosive agent in C-4 plastic explosive and a key ingredient in Semtex. It is stable in storage and is considered one of the most energetic and brisant of the military high explosives, with a relative effectiveness factor of 1.60.
The Flying Scotsman (1929 film)
The Flying Scotsman is a 1929 British black and white part-talkie film set on the Flying Scotsman train from London to Edinburgh, also featuring the famous locomotive LNER Class A3 4472 Flying Scotsman. In addition to sequences with audible dialogue or talking sequences, the film features a synchronized musical score and sound effects along with English intertitles. Directed by Castleton Knight, the thriller is chiefly remembered for being the first leading acting role of Ray Milland, as well as for its daring stunts performed aboard the moving train.

Castleton Knight
Castleton Knight, OBE (9 August 1894 – 3 April 1970) was a British film producer and director. He worked at one point as managing director of British Gaumont's newsreel division. He directed several feature films, but worked primarily in documentaries. He produced and directed the 1953 Technicolor documentary A Queen Is Crowned about the Coronation of Queen Elizabeth II.
Ark (Crossfaith album)
Ark (stylized as AЯK) is the fifth studio album by Japanese metalcore band Crossfaith. It was released on 26 June 2024 in Japan. This was the final album with longtime bassist Hiroki Ikegawa, and the only one with guitarist Daiki Koide who was fired from the band in June 2025.

Crossfaith
Crossfaith (Japanese: クロスフェイス) is a Japanese metalcore band from Osaka that was formed in 2006, which currently consists of vocalist Kenta Koie, guitarist Kazuki Takemura, drummer Tatsuya Amano, and keyboardist Terufumi Tamano. They are characterized by performing a style of metalcore with dubstep and other forms of electronic music influences, and for their intense live performances.

Crossfaith released their first demo Blueprint of Reconstruction in 2008. The band later released their debut EP The Artificial Theory for the Dramatic Beauty, through Zestone Records in 2009, and debut full-length studio album The Dream, the Space in 2011 through Tragic Hero Records. Crossfaith then released their second EP Zion in September 2012; this acted as a promotional release to countries outside Japan.
Peter Baro
Peter Baro (1534–1599) was a French Huguenot minister, ordained by John Calvin, but later in England a critic of some Calvinist theological positions. His views in relation to the Lambeth Articles cost him his position as Lady Margaret's Professor of Divinity at the University of Cambridge. He was a forerunner of views, to be called Arminian or Laudian, more common a generation later in England.

Anglican Arminianism
Arminianism is a theological position within the Church of England that became especially prominent in the second quarter of the 17th century (during the reign of Charles I). A key element was the rejection of predestination. The Puritans fought against Arminianism, and King James I opposed it before, during, and after the Synod of Dort, 1618–1619, where the English delegates participated in formulating the Calvinist Canons of Dort; but his son Charles I favoured it, leading to deep political battles. The movement was also associated with the Caroline Divines, such as Lancelot Andrewes and William Laud, who emphasised episcopal authority and liturgical reverence. The Methodists, who espoused a variant of the school of thought called Wesleyan–Arminian theology, branched off the Church of England in the 18th century.
Nana Benz
Nana Benz are a group of businesswomen in Togo who peaked in prominence and wealth in the 1970s by trading African wax prints. The trade has continued at the Lomé Grand Market. The name comes from a hypocorism of na or ena in the Gen language (meaning "mother" or "grandmother") and a truncation of Mercedes Benz, a type of expensive car driven by many of these women.

The Dutch company Vlisco was the main manufacturer of the prints, but by the 21st century started to lose significant market share to Chinese manufacturers. Competition has also reduced the numbers and profit margins of the Nana Benz; newer traders are sometimes called "Nanettes" or "little Nanas".

The Nana Benz are culturally significant in Togo as symbols of local economic success. Togolese musician King Mensah recorded a song about them titled "Nana Benz".

Lomé Grand Market
The Lomé Grand Market (French: Grand marché de Lomé) is a public market in Lomé, the capital of Togo. It is located near the famous Sacred Heart Cathedral of Lomé, at the heart of the city. It occupies an entire city block and consists of three sections: Atipoji, Asigame and Assivito. Most vendors are women and children, and local performers can often be found playing live music at the market. A wide selection of spices are sold at the market, including cinnamon sticks, clove, nutmeg, and star anise.

In 2017, the Togolese government began an 18 million euro project to build a modern urban development at the market's location, tentatively titled Adawlato Grand Market, after the neighbourhood in which it will be located in.
Albert Taillandier
Albert Philippe Taillandier (8 February 1879 in Paris  – 27 July 1945 in Auzances) was a French racing cyclist who competed in the late 19th century and early 20th century. He participated in cycling at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris and won the gold medal in the men's sprint.

Cycling at the 1900 Summer Olympics
The 1900 Summer Olympics were held as part of the 1900 World's Fair, during which many cycling events were contested. The IOC website currently affirms a total of 3 medal events, after accepting, as it appears, the recommendation of Olympic historian Bill Mallon regarding events that should be considered "Olympic". These additional events include the men's points race. Thus, three cycling events are considered Olympic events. These three competitions were held between 9 September and 16 September 1900. The cycling part of the World's Fair included 250 competitors, 160 of them French. In the sprint and 25 km events, 72 competitors, all men, from seven nations competed.
Fuschl am See
Fuschl am See is an Austrian municipality in the district of Salzburg-Umgebung, in the  state of Salzburg. It is located at the east end of the Fuschlsee, between the city of Salzburg and Bad Ischl. As of 2018, the community has approximately 1,500 inhabitants.

Salzburg-Umgebung District
The Bezirk Salzburg-Umgebung (German, "surrounding area of Salzburg") is an administrative district (Bezirk) in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria, and congruent with the Flachgau region (German pronunciation: [ˈflaxˌɡaʊ̯] ⓘ), except for the Statutarstadt of Salzburg, which forms a district of its own.

Area of the district is 1,004.47 km2, with a population of 157,440 (January 1, 2023), and population density 157 persons per km2. Administrative center of the district is Seekirchen am Wallersee.
Rádio Unifei
Rádio Unifei is a campus radio station owned and operated by the Federal University of Itajubá, in Itajubá, Minas Gerais, Brazil, broadcasting on 1570 kHz AM.

The radio station broadcasts mainly non-commercial advertising, Brazilian popular music, university and city news, rock n' roll and reggae music. 
Currently, the station employs three full-time employees and five university students working as "undergraduate monitors".

Federal University of Itajubá
The Federal University of Itajubá (Portuguese: Universidade Federal de Itajubá, UNIFEI; formerly known as the Escola Federal de Engenharia de Itajubá, EFEI), is a federal university located in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is considered the first technological university and one of top ten engineering schools in Brazil. Extremely reputable among Brazilian engineering schools, it carries more than 100 years of tradition in teaching, with emphasis on Electrical Engineering – which is one of the best research institutes on Power Systems field in Latin America – Mechanical Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Materials Engineering, Automation and Control engineering and Computer Engineering.
Romney Cottage
Romney Cottage is an early 18th-century home located in the Ormsgill area of Barrow-in-Furness, Cumbria, England. Also known as High Cocken it is most noted as being the residence of painter George Romney, an early member of the famed Romney family. Having been born in nearby Dalton-in-Furness, Romney lived in High Cocken between the ages of 8 and 21 before relocating to Kendal and eventually London. Romney Cottage was granted Grade II listed status in 1976.

George Romney (painter)
George Romney (26 December [O.S. 15 December] 1734 – 15 November 1802) was an English painter. He was the most fashionable artist of his day, painting many leading society figures – including his artistic muse, Emma Hamilton, mistress of Lord Nelson.
Ohio State Route 21
State Route 21 (SR 21) is a north–south state highway in northeastern Ohio. The southern terminus is north of Strasburg on U.S. Route 250. The northern terminus is at an interchange with Interstate 77 in Cuyahoga Heights.

Massillon, Ohio
Massillon is a city in western Stark County, Ohio, United States, along the Tuscarawas River. The population was 32,146 at the 2020 census. Massillon is a principal city of the Canton–Massillon metropolitan area, which includes all of Stark and Carroll counties and had a population of 401,574 in 2020.

Massillon is located approximately 8 miles (13 km) west of Canton, 20 miles (32 km) south of Akron, and 50 miles (80 km) south of Cleveland.
Qazi Hussain Ahmad
Qazi Hussain Ahmad (Urdu: قاضی حسین احمد; born 12 January 1938 – 5 January 2013) was an Islamic scholar, pro-Islamic democracy activist and former Emir of Jamaat-e-Islami, the social conservative Islamist political party in Pakistan.

He opposed the United States' participation in the war against the Taliban in neighbouring Afghanistan.

Nowshera District
Nowshera District (Pashto: نوښار ولسوالۍ‎, Urdu: ضلع نوشہرہ) is a district in the Peshawar Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The capital and district headquarter is Nowshera city.
Noah Clowney
Noah Clowney (born July 14, 2004) is an American professional basketball player for the Brooklyn Nets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for the Alabama Crimson Tide.

2023 NBA draft
The 2023 NBA draft, the 77th edition of the National Basketball Association's annual draft, was held on June 22, 2023, at Barclays Center in Brooklyn, New York. The draft consisted of 58 picks instead of the typical 60 for the second year in a row due to the loss of a second-round pick for both the Chicago Bulls and the Philadelphia 76ers for violating the NBA's tampering rules during free agency. The first overall selection was made by the San Antonio Spurs, who selected the 7'4" French center Victor Wembanyama. Wembanyama went on to win the Rookie of the Year.
Dodger Blue (song)
"Dodger Blue" is a song by the American rapper Kendrick Lamar from his sixth studio album GNX (2024). It features the American rappers Wallie the Sensei, Siete7x and Roddy Ricch and additional vocals from the American musician INK. The song was produced by Sounwave, Jack Antonoff, Tane Runo and Tim Maxey, with additional production from Terrace Martin.

Ink (musician)
Atia Chade Boggs, known professionally as Ink, is an American singer, songwriter, guitarist, and record producer. She has been credited on singles and albums for Beyoncé, Chris Brown, Justin Bieber, Monica, Kendrick Lamar and Jennifer Lopez, among others.
Rika Izumi
Rika Izumi (泉 里香, Izumi Rika; born October 11, 1988) is a Japanese model, actress and singer. She formerly used the stage name Chisaki Hama (浜千咲, Hama Chisaki) when she was with Snow Rabbits Productions. After Izumi returned to the modeling world in 2008, she used both 泉里果 and 泉里香 as stage names; both are pronounced "Izumi Rika".

Kamen Rider Gaim
Kamen Rider Gaim (仮面ライダー鎧武(ガイム), Kamen Raidā Gaimu) is a Japanese television series, a tokusatsu drama that is in the Kamen Rider Series; it is the 15th series during its Heisei run and 24th overall. The series, written by Gen Urobuchi and directed by Ryuta Tasaki it began airing on TV Asahi from October 6, 2013, replacing Kamen Rider Wizard in its initial timeslot and joining Zyuden Sentai Kyoryuger then Ressha Sentai ToQger in the Super Hero Time programming block, until Gaim concluded on September 28, 2014, and was replaced  by Kamen Rider Drive the following week. The series made a first motif that combines fruits, samurai/warriors, and dance culture in a unique blend of themes. The series is set in a city where dance crews compete for territory, and the story evolves into a deeper tale about power, survival, and responsibility.
35th Fighter Wing
The 35th Fighter Wing is an air combat unit of the United States Air Force and the host unit at Misawa Air Base, Japan.  The wing is part of Pacific Air Forces (PACAF)'s Fifth Air Force.

The wing was first activated in August 1948 at Johnson Air Base, Japan when PACAF implemented the wing base organization.  It participated in the Korean War and later served in the air defense of Japan until inactivating in 1957.

In 1966, the wing was again activated and served in combat in the Vietnam War until inactivating in 1972 with the withdrawal of US forces from Southeast Asia.  It was soon reactivated at George Air Force Base, California, where it served until inactivating in 1992.  It was activated the following year in Iceland as an air defense unit.  With the drawdown of US forces in Iceland, the 35th Wing was inactivated on 1 October 1994 at Keflavik, but redesignated, reassigned, and reactivated as the 35th Fighter Wing at Misawa Air Base the same day.

Iruma Air Base
Iruma Air Base (入間基地, Iruma-kichi) (ICAO: RJTJ) is a Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) base located in the city of Sayama, Saitama Prefecture, north of western Tokyo, Japan.

It was the airfield for the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force Academy until 1945, when it became Johnson Air Force base of the United States Air Force during and after the occupation of Japan. Johnson AB was completely returned to the Government of Japan in 1978.

Currently, Iruma Air Base is home to the Air Defense Command Headquarters Flight Group. Aircraft located at the base include the U-4, NAMC YS-11, T-4, and Kawasaki C-1. Its annual air show on the November 3rd Culture Day holiday is a popular public event.
Sineperver Sultan
Ayşe Sineperver Sultan (Ottoman Turkish: عایشه سینه پرور سلطان; c.1760 – 11 December 1828), also known as Ayşe Sineperver Kadın, was a consort of Ottoman Sultan Abdul Hamid I, and Valide Sultan to their son Sultan Mustafa IV of the Ottoman Empire.

Abdul Hamid I
Abdülhamid I or Abdul Hamid I (Ottoman Turkish: عبد الحميد اول, `Abdü’l-Ḥamīd-i evvel; Turkish: I. Abdülhamid; 20 March 1725 – 7 April 1789) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1774 to 1789. A devout and pacifist sultan, he inherited a bankrupt empire and sought military reforms, including overhauling the Janissaries and navy. Despite internal efforts and quelling revolts in Syria, Egypt, and Greece, his reign saw the critical loss of Crimea and defeat by Russia and Austria. The 1774 Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca granted Russia territorial and religious influence. He died soon after the fall of Ochakov in 1788.
A Virtuous Vamp
A Virtuous Vamp is a 1919 American silent comedy film produced by and starring Constance Talmadge that was directed by David Kirkland and Sidney Franklin. It was written by Anita Loos and John Emerson based on the 1909 play The Bachelor by Clyde Fitch.

On December 18, 2013, the Library of Congress announced that this film had been selected for the National Film Registry for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

Sidney Franklin (director)
Sidney Arnold Franklin (March 21, 1893 – May 18, 1972) was an American film director and producer. Franklin, like William C. deMille, specialized in adapting literary works or Broadway stage plays.

His brother Chester Franklin (1889–1954) also became a director during the silent film era, best known for directing the early Technicolor film The Toll of the Sea.

Franklin's work on radio included directing The Screen Guild Show in 1939.
Ravensmoor Windmill
Burland Windmill is a former windmill located to the south of Wrexham Road (A534) between the villages of Acton and Burland, Cheshire, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building.    The structure dates from the early 19th century, and is constructed in red brick.  It consists of a circular tapering tower with a boarded roof.  The original roof and sails are no longer present, and water pumping mechanism has been installed on the roof.  There are windows on three levels, some of which are blocked.

Burland
Burland is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Burland and Acton, in the unitary authority area of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, about 2+1⁄2 miles west of Nantwich. The civil parish also included the small settlements of Burland Lower Green, Burland Upper Green, Hollin Green and Stoneley Green, as well as parts of Gradeley Green and Swanley. The eastern part of the village of Ravensmoor also falls within the civil parish (also in the parish of Baddiley).

According to the 2001 census the civil parish had a total population of 582, decreasing slightly to 580 at the 2011 Census.
Semenovia
Semenovia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apiaceae. It is in subfamily Apioideae and also tribe Tordylieae subtribe Tordyliinae.

Its native range is from Iran to Central Asia (within Afghanistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Tibet, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan and the Western Himalayas) and China.

The genus name of Semenovia is in honour of Pyotr Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky (1827–1914), a Russian geographer and statistician who managed the Russian Geographical Society for more than 40 years. He gained international fame for his pioneering exploration of the Tian Shan mountains. 
It was first described and published  in Bull. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou Vol.39 (II) on page 78 in 1866.

Pyotr Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky
Pyotr Petrovich Semyonov or Semenov (Russian: Пётр Петрович Семёнов; 2 January (New style: 14 January), 1827 – 26 February (New style: 11 March), 1914) was a Russian geographer and statistician who managed the Russian Geographical Society for more than 40 years. He gained international fame for his pioneering exploration of the Tian Shan mountains. He changed his surname to "Semyonov of Tian Shan" (Семёнов-Тян-Шанский, Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky) at the age of 79.

Several of his descendants, including a son, Andrey Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky, a daughter, Olga Semyonova-Tyan-Shanskaya, and a grandson Oleg Semenov-Tian-Shansky became scientists of note.
Lord Finesse
Robert A. Hall Jr. (born February 19, 1970), known by his stage name Lord Finesse, is an American rapper and hip-hop producer from The Bronx, New York, best known as the leader of the D.I.T.C. crew. About.com ranked him number 29 on its list of the Top-50 Hip-Hop Producers.

Handsome Boy Modeling School
Handsome Boy Modeling School is an American collaborative project between hip hop producers Dan the Automator (Gorillaz, Dr. Octagon, Deltron 3030) and Prince Paul (Stetsasonic, De La Soul, Gravediggaz). The collaboration originally lasted from 1999 to 2006 and resulted in two albums, featuring a vast cast of guest rappers, singers, comedians and DJs. In February 2018, the duo played a concert in New York City.
Matěj Švancer
Matěj Švancer (Czech pronunciation: [ˈmacɛj ˈʃvantsɛr]; born 26 March 2004) is a Czech-Austrian freestyle skier in slopestyle and big air. After great successes at the junior level, including a gold medal at the Winter Youth Olympics and two junior world championship titles, he started for Austria in the 2021–22 season. At the 2026 Winter Olympics, he won a bronze medal in the big air event.

Freestyle skiing at the 2026 Winter Olympics – Men's big air
The men's big air competition in freestyle skiing at the 2026 Winter Olympics will be held on 15 February (qualification) and 17 February (final), at the Livigno Snow Park  in Valtellina. Tormod Frostad of Norway won the event, Mac Forehand of the United States won the silver medal, and Matěj Švancer of Austria won bronze. All of them became the first-time Olympic medalists.
The Misses Stooge
The Misses Stooge is a 1935 American comedy short released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, produced by Hal Roach and directed by James Parrott, and starring Thelma Todd and Patsy Kelly. It is the 16th entry in the series.

Pitts and Todd
Pitts and Todd were a 1930s movie comedy duo consisting of actresses ZaSu Pitts and Thelma Todd. Assembled by Hal Roach as the female counterparts to Laurel and Hardy, upon Pitts' departure, similar duos were formed that included Todd and/or actresses Patsy Kelly, Pert Kelton and Lyda Roberti.
Kvasyliv
Kvasyliv (Ukrainian: Квасилів; Polish: Kwasiłów) is a rural settlement in Rivne Raion (district) of Rivne Oblast (province) in western Ukraine. Population: 8,075 (2022 estimate) It is located in the historic region of Volhynia.

Volhynia
Volhynia or Volynia (/voʊˈlɪniə/ voh-LIN-ee-ə; see #Names and etymology) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and northwestern Ukraine. The borders of the region are not clearly defined, but in Ukraine it is roughly equivalent to Volyn Oblast, Rivne Oblast, and the northern part of the Khmelnytskyi Oblast and Ternopil Oblast. The territory that still carries the name is Volyn Oblast.

Volhynia has changed hands numerous times throughout history and been divided among competing powers. For centuries it was part of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. After the Russian annexation during the Partitions of Poland, all of Volhynia was made part of the Pale of Settlement on the southwestern border of the Russian Empire. Important cities include Rivne, Lutsk, Zviahel, and Volodymyr.