hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Raymond Rosenthal
Raymond B. Rosenthal (December 19, 1914 – July 24, 1995) was an American translator, best known for translating the Italian works of Primo Levi into the English language. He died of lung cancer. He also translated works by Pietro Aretino, Tommaso Landolfi, Aldo Busi, Gabriele D'Annunzio, Vasco Pratolini, Pietro Citati, Giovanni Verga and Pietro Redondi.

Pietro Citati
Pietro Citati (20 February 1930 – 28 July 2022) was an Italian writer and literary critic.

He was born in Florence. He wrote critical biographies of Goethe, Alexander the Great, Kafka and Marcel Proust as well as a short memoir on his thirty-year friendship with Italo Calvino.

In Kafka, Pietro Citati had the great writer declare: "'I am like you, I am a man like you, I suffer and rejoice as you do, like a meticulous and buoyant angel, a being who lives far away in a world that did not belong even to him."

From 1973 to 1988, he contributed to the cultural section of Corriere della Sera and was the literary critic for la Repubblica between 1988 and 2011, before returning to write for Corriere della Sera.

He died at his villa in Roccamare, in the municipality of Castiglione della Pescaia, on 28 July 2022 at the age of 92. He was buried at the Cemetery of Misericordia in Grosseto.
Brune test
The Brune test (named after the South African mathematician Otto Brune) is used to check the permissibility of the combination of two or more two-port networks (or quadripoles) in electrical circuit analysis.  The test determines whether the network still meets the port condition after the two-ports have been combined.  The test is a sufficient, but not necessary, test.

Otto Brune
Otto Walter Heinrich Oscar Brune (10 January 1901 – 1982) undertook some key investigations into network synthesis at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) where he graduated in 1929. His doctoral thesis was supervised by Wilhelm Cauer and Ernst Guillemin, who the latter ascribed to Brune the laying of "the mathematical foundation for modern realization theory".
John Stevens (ice hockey)
John A. Stevens (born May 4, 1966) is a Canadian professional ice hockey coach and former player who is the assistant coach for the Vegas Golden Knights. He is the former head coach of the Los Angeles Kings and the Philadelphia Flyers of the NHL. Stevens was a defenceman for the Flyers and Hartford Whalers during his playing career. He was born in Campbellton, New Brunswick, but grew up in Turkey Point in Norfolk County, Ontario.

Philadelphia Phantoms
The Philadelphia Phantoms were a professional ice hockey team that played in the American Hockey League (AHL) from 1996 to 2009. The club was based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and played most of its home games at the Spectrum. During schedule conflicts or some Calder Cup playoff games, games were moved to the adjacent Wachovia Center. The Phantoms won two Calder Cup titles (1998 and 2005) during their tenure in Philadelphia.

In anticipation of the planned closure and demolition of the Spectrum, the franchise was sold in early 2009. The new owners moved the club to Glens Falls, New York, for the 2009–10 season and renamed them the Adirondack Phantoms. Beginning in the 2014–15 season, the team moved to Allentown, Pennsylvania, in a new 8,500-seat arena, the PPL Center.
Matinee (1993 film)
Matinee is a 1993 American comedy film directed by Joe Dante, written by Jerico Stone and Charles S. Haas, and starring John Goodman, Cathy Moriarty, Simon Fenton, Omri Katz, Kellie Martin, and Lisa Jakub with supporting roles done by Robert Picardo and Jesse White (in his final theatrical film role). Goodman plays a William Castle-type independent filmmaker promoting the premiere of his latest movie during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Despite acclaim, the film was a box office failure.

Lisa Jakub
Lisa Jakub (/ˈdʒeɪkəb/; born December 27, 1978) is a Canadian writer, yoga teacher, and former actress. She is best known for her roles as Lydia Hillard in the comedy-drama film Mrs. Doubtfire (1993) and as Alicia Casse in Independence Day (1996).
Green Valley, Marathon County, Wisconsin
Green Valley is a town in Marathon County, Wisconsin, United States. It is part of the Wausau, Wisconsin Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 541 at the 2010 census. The unincorporated community of Rangeline is located partially in the town.

Rangeline, Wisconsin
Rangeline is an unincorporated community located in the towns of Day and Green Valley, Marathon County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located along County Road C, approximately six miles east of State Highway 97, or three miles east of Rozellville.
Chris St. Croix
Chris St. Croix (born May 2, 1979) is an American former ice hockey defenseman. He last played in the Central Hockey League during the 2009–10 CHL season with the Bossier-Shreveport Mudbugs.

St. Croix has been a resident of Voorhees Township, New Jersey. His father is former NHL goaltender Rick St. Croix and his younger brother is Edmonton Oil Kings forward Michael St. Croix.

St. Croix was drafted by the Calgary Flames in the 4th round of the 1997 NHL Entry Draft, but did not play in the NHL.

St. Croix resides in Winnipeg.

Rick St. Croix
Richard St. Croix (born January 3, 1955) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played 131 games in the National Hockey League with the Philadelphia Flyers and Toronto Maple Leafs between 1978 and 1985. After his playing career he worked as an assistant coach for the Maple Leafs. He also served as a goaltending coach for the Dallas Stars, and an assistant coach and goaltending coach for the Manitoba Moose and St. John's IceCaps of the American Hockey League. He was selected in the fourth round of the 1975 NHL Amateur Draft by the Flyers, and his two sons would also be drafted, though neither played in the NHL.
Jack Blessing
Jack Blessing (July 29, 1951 – November 14, 2017) was an American film and television actor. He was notable for his roles as MacGillicuddy on Moonlighting and as Jack Powers in the sitcom George Lopez. He also had a recurring role as Mr. Donner in the television series The Naked Truth.

The Naked Truth (TV series)
The Naked Truth is an American sitcom television series that aired on ABC from September 13, 1995, to February 28, 1996, and on NBC from January 16, 1997, to May 25, 1998. The series stars Téa Leoni and Holland Taylor. The show took place at the office of a tabloid news publication.
Margaret Ball
Margaret Ball (1515–1584) was a prominent member of 16th-century Irish society, who, despite being the widow of a Lord Mayor of Dublin, was arrested for her adherence to the Catholic faith and died of deprivation in the dungeons of Dublin Castle. She was declared a martyr for the faith by the Catholic Church and beatified in 1992, one of a group of 17 Irish Catholic Martyrs.

Lord Mayor of Dublin
The Lord Mayor of Dublin (Irish: Ardmhéara Bhaile Átha Cliath) is the honorary title of the chairperson (Irish: Cathaoirleach [ˈkahiːɾˠl̠ʲəx]) of Dublin City Council which is the local government body for the city of Dublin, the capital of Ireland. The incumbent, since June 2025, is Fine Gael councillor Ray McAdam. The office holder is elected annually by the members of the council.
Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844
The Counties (Detached Parts) Act 1844 (7 & 8 Vict. c. 61), also known as the Detached Parishes Act 1844, which came into effect on 20 October 1844, was an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom which eliminated many outliers or exclaves of counties in England and Wales for civil purposes. The changes were based on recommendations by a boundary commission, headed by the surveyor Thomas Drummond and summarized in a schedule attached to the Parliamentary Boundaries Act 1832. This also listed a few examples of civil parishes divided by county boundaries, most of which were dealt with by later legislation. This Act was repealed in its entirety by the Local Government Act 1972.

Ickleford
Ickleford is a village and civil parish in the North Hertfordshire district of Hertfordshire, England. It lies immediately north of the town of Hitchin, from which it is separated by the River Oughton. It lies west of the River Hiz and to the east of the A600 road. The village has two greens: Upper Green by the parish church of St Katharine at the centre of the village, and the larger Lower Green to the north. The population of the parish was 1,936 at the 2021 census.
Pachuczyn
Pachuczyn [paˈxut͡ʂɨn] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kolno, within Kolno County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

According to the 1921 census, the village was inhabited by 81 people, among whom 81 were Roman Catholic. At the same time, all inhabitants declared Polish nationality. There were 12 residential buildings in the village.

Gmina Kolno, Podlaskie Voivodeship
Gmina Kolno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kolno County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Kolno, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 282.13 square kilometres (108.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 8,787 (8,884 in 2011).
Battle on Snowshoes (1757)
The Battle on Snowshoes (French: Bataille en raquettes) was a skirmish fought between Rogers' Rangers and Canadien and Indian troops during the French and Indian War on January 21, 1757.  The battle was given this name because the British combatants wore snowshoes. On January 21, 1757, Captain Robert Rogers and a band of his rangers were on a scouting expedition near Fort Carillon on Lake Champlain when they were ambushed by a mixed troop of French regulars, Canadien militiamen, and Indians. The fighting ended when darkness set in, with significant casualties on both sides. The French in their reports claimed the British had a distinct advantage due to their snowshoes.

Fort Carillon
Fort Carillon, presently known as Fort Ticonderoga, was constructed by Pierre de Rigaud de Vaudreuil, Governor of New France, to protect Lake Champlain from a British invasion. Situated on the lake some 15 miles (24 km) south of Fort Saint-Frédéric, it was built to prevent an attack on Canada and slow the advance of the enemy long enough for reinforcements to arrive.

Assigned to remedy Fort Saint Frédéric's inability to resist a constant British threat to the south, French King's Engineer Michel Chartier de Lotbinière began construction of Fort Carillon where Lake George, at that time called Lac Saint Sacrement, joins Lake Champlain by the La Chute river. Construction began in October 1755.
Pacific Pinball Museum
The Pacific Pinball Museum is a Board Managed and certified 501 C(3) nonprofit interactive museum/arcade offering a chronological and historical selection of rare bagatelles and early pinball games in addition to over 100 playable pinball machines ranging in era from the 1940s to present day located on Webster Street in Alameda, California.

Throughout the 7,000 sq/ft museum are hand-painted murals, vintage Jukeboxes, educational handouts and rotating focused exhibits. There are also provisions for field-trips, self guided tours, educated docents and STEAM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Art,  Math and History) educational programs as part of the museum's "Play & Learn" philosophy.

Alameda, California
Alameda (/ˌæləˈmiːdə/ ⓘ AL-ə-MEE-də; Spanish: [alaˈmeða]; Spanish for "tree-lined path") is a city in Alameda County, California, United States, located in the East Bay region of the Bay Area. The city is built on an informal archipelago in San Francisco Bay, consisting of Alameda Island, Bay Farm Island and Coast Guard Island, along with other smaller islands. As of the 2020 census, the city's population was 78,280.
Envy & Other Sins
Envy & Other Sins was a four-piece band from Birmingham, England, who came to fame by winning Channel 4's nationwide talent show, mobileAct unsigned. They were the winners of the show, on which they won a £60,000 record contract with A&M Records. The contract allowed them to release one album and two singles. Their first single, "Highness", was released on 3 March 2008, and their debut album, We Leave at Dawn, was released on 31 March 2008.

On 1 July 2009, the band announced they were to split up, with Jim Macaulay becoming the drummer for Eliot Sumner, Emmy the Great and The Stranglers during the next decade.

Orange unsignedAct
Orange UnsignedAct (known as mobileAct Unsigned during its first series) was a Channel 4 talent competition, with bands and artists competing for a recording contract with Universal Music, a £60,000 advance, a single released after the series, an album deal and a multi-media marketing campaign.

The £60,000 was allocated as follows: 50% on completion of the recording contract and confirmation of the winner and 50% on delivery of the final mixed, mastered and cleared album.

The show was sponsored by Orange and Sony Ericsson.
Abagana
Abagana listenⓘ is a town in Nigeria. It is the headquarters of Njikoka Local Government Area Anambra State and lies approximately 20 kilometers from Onitsha along the old Enugu-Onitsha Trunk A Road that divides the town into two halves.

Abagana town has a landmass of approximately 9.2 square kilometers and is bounded in the north by Abba, Ukpo, and Enugu Agidi towns, in the South by Nimo Owelle and Eziowelle towns, in the East by Enugwu Ukwu town and in the west by Umunnachi and Ifitedunu towns.

The traditional authority adopts the kingship title of Igwe Abagana. The current traditional ruler is His Majesty, Igwe Patrick Mbamalu Okeke.

Njikoka
Njikoka Listenⓘ is a Local Government Area in Anambra State, south-east Nigeria. Towns that make up the local government include Abagana, Abba, Enugwu-Agidi, Enugwu-ukwu, Nawfia and Nimo, with Abagana being its headquarters. Njikoka falls under the Anambra North senatorial district in Anambra State.  As at the 2006 census, this LGA has a total population of 148,394 people.
A135 road
The A135 is a road in England, running from Stockton-on-Tees through Eaglescliffe to Yarm on the A67, on the boundary with the River Tees.  It is also known as Yarm Road, and was the A19 before the dual carriageway was built.

In the 19th century, a stagecoach raced along Yarm Road against Locomotion Number One which ran alongside on the Stockton to Darlington railway line.  There is no record as to which won the race.

Stockton-on-Tees
Stockton-on-Tees is a market town in County Durham, England, with a population of 84,815 at the 2021 UK census. It gives its name to and is the largest settlement in the wider Borough of Stockton-on-Tees. It is part of Teesside and the Tees Valley, on the northern bank of the River Tees.

The River Tees was straightened in the early 19th century, so that larger ships could access the town. The ports have since relocated closer to the North Sea, and ships are no longer able to sail from the sea to the town. This is due to the building of the Tees Barrage, which was installed to manage tidal flooding. The Stockton and Darlington Railway served the port during the early part of the Industrial Revolution. The railway was also the world's first permanent steam-powered passenger railway.
Up the Front
Up the Front is a 1972 British comedy film directed by Bob Kellett and starring Frankie Howerd, Bill Fraser, and Hermione Baddeley. It was written by Sid Colin and Eddie Braben. Set during the First World War, it is the third film spin-off from the television series Up Pompeii!. The previous films were Up Pompeii (1971), set, like the TV series, in the Roman era, and Up the Chastity Belt (1971), set in the Middle Ages.

The plot concerns Lurk (a descendant of the slave Lurcio in Up Pompeii), a coward who is hypnotised into bravery.

Sid Colin
Sid Colin (born Sidney Coblentz; 31 August 1915 – 12 December 1989) was an English scriptwriter, working for radio, television and the cinema. He is best remembered for creating the television comedy The Army Game (1957–1959) and writing for Up Pompeii! (1969–1970), as well as films including Carry On Spying and Percy's Progress.  He occasionally collaborated with regular Carry On series writer Talbot Rothwell.  Earlier in his career, he was a musician and occasional lyricist.
Still Movement with Hymn
Still Movement with Hymn is a composition for piano quartet by the American composer Aaron Jay Kernis.  It was composed in 1993 and was given its world premiere at Princeton University on November 11, 1993.  It is dedicated to the memory of the composer Stephen Albert, who died unexpectedly in 1992.  The piece was a finalist for the 1994 Pulitzer Prize for Music.

Pulitzer Prize for Music
The Pulitzer Prize for Music is one of seven Pulitzer Prizes awarded annually in Letters, Drama, and Music. It was first given in 1943. Joseph Pulitzer arranged for a music scholarship to be awarded each year, and this was eventually converted into a prize: "For a distinguished musical composition of significant dimension by an American that has had its first performance in the United States during the year."

Because of the requirement that the composition have its world premiere during the year of its award, the winning work had rarely been recorded and sometimes had received only one performance. In 2004, the terms were modified to read: "For a distinguished musical composition by an American that has had its first performance or recording in the United States during the year."
Monocacy station
Monocacy (/məˈnɒkəsi/) is a passenger rail station on the MARC Brunswick Line between Washington, D.C. and Frederick, Maryland. This station is one of two stations on the Frederick extension. It is also the only station on the Brunswick Line other than Union Station to have a high-level platform. There is also a low level platform at the north end of the station.

Monocacy station is located at 7800 Genstar Drive, a cul-de-sac with a large parking lot off the east side of Maryland Route 355 in Frederick. It was built on the old Frederick Branch of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The architects of Cochran, Stephenson & Donkervoet, Inc. designed the small station to resemble B&O stations from the past.

Frederick Branch (Baltimore and Ohio Railroad)
The Frederick Branch is a railroad line in Frederick County, Maryland. It was built by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) in 1831, and is now owned by the Maryland Department of Transportation (MDOT). The 3.4 mi (5.5 km) branch extends between Frederick Junction – a wye with the Old Main Line Subdivision of CSX Transportation on the west side of the Monocacy River – and its terminus at East Street in downtown Frederick, Maryland. The wye at Frederick Junction was the first example of its kind in the United States and is still in use today.
Dictionary of Hindu Lore and Legend
The Dictionary of Hindu Lore and Legend (2002) is a book written by Anna L. Dallapiccola, and contains information on over one thousand concepts, characters, and places of Hindu mythology and  Hinduism, one of the major religions of the Indian subcontinent. The writer has remained associated with the university of Heidelberg, Germany as a Professor of Indian Art; with the University of Edinburgh, Great Britain as  Honorary Professor; and with De Montfort University, Leicester as a visiting professor. She is a Fellow of the Royal Asiatic Society.

Hindu mythology
Hindu mythology refers to the collection of myths associated with Hinduism, derived from various Hindu texts and traditions. These myths are found in sacred texts such as the Vedas, the Itihasas (the Mahabharata and the Ramayana), and the Puranas. They also appear in regional and ethnolinguistic texts, including the Bengali Mangal Kavya and the Tamil Periya Puranam and Divya Prabandham. Additionally, Hindu myths are also found in widely translated fables like the Panchatantra and the Hitopadesha, as well as in Southeast Asian texts influenced by Hindu traditions.
Shiner, Texas
Shiner is a city in Lavaca County, Texas, United States. The town was named after Henry B. Shiner, who donated 250 acres (1.0 km2) for a railroad right-of-way. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 2,127. Shiner was founded by German and Czech emigrants.

Lavaca County, Texas
Lavaca County (/ləˈvɑːkə/ ⓘ lə-VAH-kə) is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 20,337. Its county seat is Hallettsville. The county was created in 1846. It is named for the Lavaca River, which curves its way southeast through Moulton and Hallettsville before reaching the coast at Matagorda Bay.
Gun Control Act of 1968
The Gun Control Act of 1968 (GCA or GCA68) is a U.S. federal law that regulates the firearms industry and firearms ownership. Due to constitutional limitations, the Act is primarily based on regulating interstate commerce in firearms by generally prohibiting interstate firearms transfers except by manufacturers, dealers and importers licensed under a scheme set up under the Act.

The GCA was signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson on October 22, 1968, and is Title I of the U.S. federal firearms laws. The National Firearms Act of 1934 (NFA) is Title II. Both GCA and NFA are enforced by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF).

18 USC chapter 44 was first enacted by the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968. GCA repealed the Federal Firearms Act of 1938, though many of its provisions were reenacted as part of the GCA, which revised the FFA and its predecessor, the National Firearms Act of 1934 (NFA).

Franklin Orth
Franklin Lewis Orth (May 11, 1907 – January 4, 1970) was an American attorney who served as Executive Vice President of the National Rifle Association of America (NRA) from 1959 until his death. In the 1960s, Orth was influential during debates on gun control in the United States. Orth also served as President of the United States Olympic Committee from April 1969 until his death.
Shanxi Airlines Flight 4218
Shanxi Airlines Flight 4218 was a sightseeing flight operated by Shanxi Airlines. On October 7, 1988, the flight was carried out by an Ilyushin Il-14 with the registration number B-4218. At around 13:30 that day, the plane took off from an airport in the Linfen area. About one minute later, the No. 1 engine failed. Due to uneven thrust and overloading, the aircraft crashed into a restaurant fifteen seconds later, resulting in the deaths of 44 people on board, with only 4 survivors. Two people on the ground also died.

Shanxi Airlines
Shan Xi Airlines was an airline based in Taiyuan in the People's Republic of China. It operated scheduled domestic passenger services. On 29 November 2007, it merged with China Xinhua Airlines and Chang An Airlines to form Grand China Air, a subsidiary of Hainan Airlines.
Texarkana Twins
The Texarkana Twins were a South Central League (1912), East Texas League (1924-1926), Lone Star League (1927-1929) and Cotton States League (1941) baseball team based in Texarkana, Texas, United States. They were affiliated with the Detroit Tigers in 1941.

In 1912, they finished first in the South Central League, becoming the league's de facto champion, as it folded before the scheduled season ended.

South Central League
The South Central League was a minor league baseball league that played in the 1906 and 1912 seasons, with franchises located in Arkansas, Oklahoma and Texas. The McAlester Miners (1906) and Longview Cannibals (1912) won league championships.