hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rick Rylance
Rick Rylance (born 1954) is a British literary scholar and academic who specialises in 19th-century and 20th-century literature.

He was the chief executive of the Arts and Humanities Research Council from 2009 to 2015. From 2016 to 2017, he was the Director of the Institute of English Studies, University of London. His final position was Dean and Chief Executive of that university's School of Advanced Study and Pro Vice-Chancellor (Research), until his retirement in September 2020.

Arts and Humanities Research Council
The Arts and Humanities Research Council (AHRC) is a council of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, responsible for supporting research and innovation in the arts and humanities.
Belgharia railway station
Belgharia railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway station on the Sealdah–Ranaghat line. It serves Belgharia, Nimta and surrounding areas. It situates between the Dum Dum Junction railway station and the Agarpara railway station.

Nimta
Nimta is a locality in North Dumdum in Barrackpore II block of the North 24 Parganas district in the state of West Bengal, India. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA).
Angela Asher
Angela Asher is a Canadian film and television actress. She is most noted for her role as Tara Mercer in 18 to Life, for which she received a nomination for Best Actress in a Comedy Series at the 26th Gemini Awards in 2011.

She has also had recurring or regular roles in the television series Married Life, This Is Wonderland, Degrassi, Inhuman Condition, Bad Blood, Hard Rock Medical and Workin' Moms, and appeared in the films Interstate 60, King of Sorrow, A Dark Truth and Ghostland.

In 2022, Asher was a candidate in the 2022 Ontario general election for the New Blue Party of Ontario, which garnered publicity by opposing public health measures against COVID-19. She ran in Spadina—Fort York, placing fifth with under two percent of the vote while incumbent MPP Chris Glover was re-elected.

Hard Rock Medical
Hard Rock Medical is a Canadian medical drama television series which aired on TVOntario (TVO) from 2013 to 2018. It was the first original drama series for TVO, the public television network for Ontario. The series also aired nationally in Canada on APTN beginning in 2014. The series ended after a five-season run in 2018.

The series was filmed in Sudbury and North Bay, Ontario, and revolves around a group of medical students attending the fictional Boréal Medical School, loosely based on the real-life Northern Ontario School of Medicine.

Internationally, the series also aired on Australia's National Indigenous Television (a channel operated by the Australian Special Broadcasting Service) as of 2014.
Group envy-freeness
Group envy-freeness (also called: coalition fairness) is a criterion for fair division. A group-envy-free division is a division of a resource among several partners such that every group of partners feel that their allocated share is at least as good as the share of any other group with the same size. The term is used particularly in problems such as fair resource allocation, fair cake-cutting and fair item allocation.

Group-envy-freeness is a very strong fairness requirement: a group-envy-free allocation is both envy-free and Pareto efficient, but the opposite is not true.

Fair division
Fair division is an optimisation problem in game theory of dividing a set of resources among several parties who have an entitlement to them so that each party receives their due share. The central tenet of fair division is that such a division should be performed by the players themselves, without the need for external arbitration, as only the players themselves really know how they value the goods.

There are many different kinds of fair division problems, depending on the nature of goods to divide, the criteria for fairness, the nature of the players and their preferences, and other criteria for evaluating the quality of the division. The archetypal fair division algorithm is divide and choose. The research in fair division can be seen as an extension of this procedure to various more complex settings.
Nandom Municipal District
Nandom Municipal is one of the eleven districts in Upper West Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Lawra/Nandom District in 1988; until the northern part of the district was later split off to create Nandom District on 28 June 2012; thus the remaining part has been renamed as Lawra District (which it was elevated to municipal district assembly status on 15 March 2018 to become Lawra Municipal District). However on 27 January 2020, it was elevated to municipal assembly status to become Nandom Municipal Assembly. The municipality is located in the northwest part of Upper West Region and has Nandom as its capital town.

Lawra/Nandom District
Lawra/Nandom District is a former district that was located in Upper West Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1988. However on 28 June 2012, it was split off into two new districts: Lawra District (which it was elevated to municipal district assembly status on 15 March 2018; capital: Lawra) and Nandom District (which it was elevated to municipal district assembly status on 27 January 2020; capital: Nandom). The district assembly was located in the northwest part of Upper West Region and had Lawra as its capital town.
Cost of attendance
In discussions of the cost of college in the United States, the cost of attendance (COA) (also known as the price of attendance) is a statutory term for the estimated full and reasonable cost of completing a full academic year (usually, nine months) as a full-time student. The cost of attendance is published by each educational institution and includes:

Tuition and fees payable to the institution

Books and supplies

Room and board

Personal costs (medical, toiletries, clothing, laundry)

Transportation to and from the school

As of October 29, 2011, every post-secondary institution that receives federal financial aid funds is required to post its COA. Colleges are also required to post a Net Price Calculator, that determines for each prospective or current student a personalized Net Price, which is the COA minus need- and merit-based grant aid (not including loans or work-study programs).

Financial aid cannot exceed the cost of attendance.

Federal Work-Study Program
The Federal Work-Study Program, originally called the College Work-Study Program and in the United States frequently referred to as just "Work-Study", is a federally funded program in the United States that assists students with the costs of post-secondary education. The Federal Work-Study Program helps students earn financial funding through a part-time employment program.  Approximately 3,400 institutions participate in the program.
Bobby Estalella (catcher)
Robert M. Estalella [es-tah-LAY-yah] (born August 23, 1974) is an American former professional baseball catcher, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1996 to 2004. His name is similar to that of his grandfather, Bobby Estalella (1911 – 1991), a Cuban professional baseball outfielder who played in the big leagues between 1935 and 1949.

Bobby Estalella (outfielder)
Roberto Estalella Ventoza [es-tah-LAY-yah] (April 25, 1911 – January 6, 1991) was a Cuban professional baseball outfielder and third baseman, who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Washington Senators (1935–1936, 1939 and 1942), St. Louis Browns (1941), and Philadelphia Athletics (1943–1945 and 1949). He was selected to represent the American League (AL) in the ill-fated 1945 Major League Baseball All-Star Game, which was scheduled for July 10 at Fenway Park but never played because of World War II restrictions on civilian domestic travel.
Lugal
Lugal (Sumerian: 𒈗) is the Sumerian term for "king, ruler". Literally, the term means "big man". In Sumerian, lú "𒇽" is "man" and gal "𒃲" is "great", or "big".

It was one of several Sumerian titles that a ruler of a city-state could bear (alongside en and ensi, the exact difference being a subject of debate). The sign eventually became the predominant logograph for "King" in general. In the Sumerian language, lugal is used to mean an owner (e.g. of a boat or a field) or a head or chief (of a unit, such as a family).

As a cuneiform logograph (Sumerogram) LUGAL (Unicode: 𒈗, rendered in Neo Assyrian).

Sumer
Sumer (/ˈsuːmər/ SOO-mər) is the earliest known civilization, located in the historical region of southern Mesopotamia (now south-central Iraq), emerging during the Chalcolithic and early Bronze Ages between the 5th and 4th millennium BC. Like nearby Elam, it is one of the cradles of civilization, along with Egypt, the Indus Valley, the Erligang culture of the Yellow River valley, Caral-Supe, and Mesoamerica. Living along the valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, Sumerian farmers grew an abundance of grain and other crops, a surplus of which enabled them to form urban settlements. The world's earliest known texts come from the Sumerian cities of Uruk and Jemdet Nasr, and date to between c. 3350 – c. 2500 BC, following a period of proto-writing c. 4000 – c. 2500 BC.
Gmina Jerzmanowice-Przeginia
Gmina Jerzmanowice-Przeginia is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kraków County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Jerzmanowice, which lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) north-west of the regional capital Kraków.

The gmina covers an area of 68.39 square kilometres (26.4 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 10,432.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Kraków Valleys Landscape Park.

Kraków Valleys Landscape Park
Kraków Valleys Landscape Park (Park Krajobrazowy Dolinki Krakowskie) is a protected area (Landscape Park) in southern Poland, covering an area of 197.77 square kilometres (76.36 sq mi). Within the Landscape Park are five nature reserves.
Seapatrick
Seapatrick (from Irish Suí Phádraig, meaning 'St Patrick's seat') is a civil parish in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies partly across the three historic baronies of Iveagh Upper, Upper Half, Iveagh Lower, Lower Half and Iveagh Lower, Upper Half.

Iveagh Lower, Lower Half
Iveagh Lower, Lower Half is the name of a barony in County Down, Northern Ireland. It was created by 1851 with the division of the barony of Iveagh Lower into two. It is bordered by six other baronies: Massereene Upper to the north; Castlereagh Upper to the east; Iveagh Lower, Upper Half and Iveagh Upper, Upper Half to the south; Oneilland East and Orior Lower to the west.
William Lashner
William Lashner (born 1956) is an American novelist who formerly worked as a trial lawyer. He is a graduate of NYU School of Law and the Iowa Writers' Workshop at the University of Iowa. He has served as trial attorney in the Criminal Division of the United States Justice Department. He lives with his family outside of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

His novels include, Hostile Witness (1995); Bitter Truth (1997) aka Veritas; Fatal Flaw (2003); Past Due (2004); Falls the Shadow (2005); Marked Man (2007); Kockroach (as "Tyler Knox", 2007); A Killer's Kiss (2008); and Blood and Bone (2009).

Kockroach
Kockroach is a 2007 novel by William Lashner, written under the name "Tyler Knox". It was published by William Morrow and Company/HarperCollins. In 2008, an Italian translation, Lo strano caso dello scarafaggio che diventò uomo, was published by Newton Compton Editori, and a Portuguese translation, Kockroach: A Metamorfose, was published by Paralelo 40°.
Album (2016 film)
Album (Turkish: Albüm) is a 2016 Turkish comedy film directed by Mehmet Can Mertoğlu. It was screened in the Critics' Week section at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival where it won the France 4 Visionary Award.

2016 Cannes Film Festival
The 69th Cannes Film Festival took place from 11 to 22 May 2016. Australian filmmaker George Miller was the president of the jury for the main competition. British filmmaker Ken Loach won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for a second time with the drama film I, Daniel Blake. At a press conference, Loach said that he was "quietly stunned" to win.

The official poster pays homage to Jean-Luc Godard's Contempt (1963), featuring a still of Michel Piccoli ascending the Casa Malaparte. French actor Laurent Lafitte was the host for the opening and closing ceremonies.

The festival opened with Café Society by Woody Allen.
Torrevecchia Pia
Torrevecchia Pia is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pavia in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 km southeast of Milan and about 15 km northeast of Pavia.

Torrevecchia Pia borders the following municipalities: Bascapè, Landriano, Marzano, Valera Fratta and Vidigulfo.

Province of Pavia
The province of Pavia (Italian: provincia di Pavia) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is Pavia.

As of 2015, the province has a population of 548,722 inhabitants and an area of 2,968.64 square kilometres (1,146.20 sq mi); the town of Pavia has a population of 72,205.
H Steven Blum
H. Steven Blum (born October 13, 1946) is a retired United States Army lieutenant general. He served as the 25th chief of the National Guard Bureau from 2003 to 2008. His last assignment before retiring was deputy commander, United States Northern Command, where he concurrently served as vice commander, United States Element, North American Aerospace Defense Command. He retired from the Army National Guard on May 21, 2010.

Maryland Army National Guard
The Maryland Army National Guard (MD ARNG) is the United States Army component of the U.S. state of Maryland. It is headquartered at the old Fifth Regiment Armory at the intersection of North Howard Street, 29th Division Street, near Martin Luther King, Jr. Boulevard in Baltimore and has additional units assigned and quartered at several regional armories, bases/camps and other facilities across the state.
Hypoponera punctatissima
Hypoponera punctatissima, or Roger's ant, is a species of Ponerine ant native to Africa but now found worldwide as a tramp species. The ant is hypothesized to have spread so effectively due to humanity's use of horses as draft animals. The ant is closely related to Hypoponera ergatandria and bears several similarities, such as colony size and appearance.

Tramp species
In ecology, a tramp species is an organism that has been spread globally by human activities. The term was coined by William Morton Wheeler in the bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History in 1906, used to describe ants that “have made their way as well known tramps or stow-aways [sic] to many islands". The term has since widened to include non-ant organisms, but remains most popular in myrmecology. Tramp species have been noted in multiple phyla spanning both animal and plant kingdoms, including but not limited to arthropods, mollusca, bryophytes, and pteridophytes. The term "tramp species" was popularized and given a more set definition by Luc Passera in his chapter of David F. William's 1994 book Exotic Ants: Biology, Impact, And Control Of Introduced Species.
Catch Us If You Can (game show)
Catch Us If You Can is an Australian game and prank television series which ran for 30 episodes on the Seven Network in 1981. It consisted of games for members of the studio audience and pre-recorded pranks, similar to Candid Camera. The pranks were usually on unsuspecting members of the public but occasionally on celebrities.

Its pilot aired on Channel 9 in 1980 but they did not take up the show and it moved to Channel 7, beginning in February. It was axed in April 1981.

It was conceived by Lyle McCabe and was hosted in the studio by Bryan Davies. Cast members included , Deborah Gray, Edith Bliss, Ian McRae, Marty Morton, Mark Kounnas, Shirley Strachan Lynette Laming, Amanda Dryburgh and Grant Dodwell. The host for the pilot was Geoff Stone and other cast members included Geoff Harvey, Jacki MacDonald, Robin Stewart, Pete Smith and Abigail.

Deborah Gray
Deborah Gray (born 1958) is an Australian international best selling fictional author, primarily known for publishing magic and spell books and is also a singer-songwriter, who was a former high fashion magazine and catwalk model, actress and documentary director and producer.
Lager Heuberg
Lager Heuberg (Camp Heuberg) (48°9′N 9°1′E﻿ / ﻿48.150°N 9.017°E﻿ / 48.150; 9.017) is a Bundeswehr quarters located in the southern corner of the Truppenübungsplatz Heuberg (Heuberg military training area) in (Baden-Württemberg), near the city of Stetten am kalten Markt.

From March to December 1933 it was one of the first Nazi concentration camps. Among the inmates were Kurt Schumacher and Fritz Bauer.

At Truppenübungsplatz Heuberg, about 3 kilometres from Lager Heuberg, the first vertical take-off manned rocket flight took place on 1 March 1945 and crashed, killing its pilot, Lothar Sieber, in the Bachem Ba 349 "Natter" rocket.

Fritz Bauer
Fritz Bauer (16 July 1903 – 1 July 1968) was a German Jewish judge and prosecutor. He played an instrumental role in the post-war capture of former Holocaust planner Adolf Eichmann, and in bringing about the Frankfurt Auschwitz trials.
Edinger–Westphal nucleus
The Edinger–Westphal nucleus also called the accessory or visceral oculomotor nerve, is one of the two nuclei of the oculomotor nerve (CN III) located in the midbrain. It receives afferents from both pretectal nuclei (which have in turn received afferents from the optic tract). It contains parasympathetic pre-ganglionic neuron cell bodies that synapse in the ciliary ganglion. It contributes the autonomic, parasympathetic component to the oculomotor nerve (CN III), ultimately providing innervation to the iris sphincter muscle and ciliary muscle to mediate the pupillary light reflex and accommodation, respectively.

The Edinger–Westphal nucleus has two parts. The first is of preganglionic fibers (EWpg) that terminate in the ciliary ganglion. The second is of centrally projecting cells (EWcp) that project to a number of brainstem structures.

Iris sphincter muscle
The iris sphincter muscle (pupillary sphincter, pupillary constrictor, circular muscle of iris, circular fibers) is a muscle in the part of the eye called the iris. It encircles the pupil of the iris, appropriate to its function as a constrictor of the pupil.

The ciliary muscle, pupillary sphincter muscle and pupillary dilator muscle sometimes are called intrinsic ocular muscles or intraocular muscles.
Liquid Soul
Liquid Soul is an American jazz, hip-hop, funk, freestyle fusion ensemble, formed in 1993 from Chicago, Illinois, which helped pioneer the acid jazz movement in the United States in the 1990s. Coined "Beyond Acid Jazz" by founder Mars Williams who played with The Psychedelic Furs and previously with The Waitresses and Billy Idol, the group was co-founded by guitarist Tommy Klein, from the Spies Who Surf, and Chicago DJ Jesse De La Peña. The band's 2000 album Here's the Deal was nominated for a Grammy in the Best Contemporary Jazz Album category.

Acid jazz
Acid jazz (also known as club jazz, psychedelic jazz, or groove jazz) is a music genre that combines elements of funk, soul, and hip hop. Acid jazz originated in clubs in London during the 1980s with the rare groove movement and spread to the United States, Western Europe, Latin America and Japan. Acts included The Brand New Heavies, Incognito, James Taylor Quartet, Us3, and Jamiroquai from the UK, and Guru, Buckshot LeFonque and Digable Planets from the U.S. The rise of electronic club music in the middle to late 1990s led to a decline in interest, and in the twenty-first century, acid jazz became indistinct as a genre. Many acts that might have been defined as acid jazz are seen as jazz-funk, or nu jazz.
Museum of the Revolution (El Salvador)
Museum of the Revolution (Spanish: Museo de la Revolución) is a museum commemorating the antecedents and events of the Salvadoran Civil War that took place from 1979 to 1992. The museum is located in Perquín, in the Morazán Department of El Salvador. This area was dominated during the war by the Farabundo Martí National Liberation Front (FMLN).

The museum includes an exhibit honoring the FMLN's radio network, Radio Venceremos, as well as the weaponry used during the war years and a downed helicopter that had carried military leader Lt. Colonel Domingo Monterrosa Barrios, a leader of the Atlácatl Battalion. An additional outdoor exhibit shows the crater created by a 500-pound (230 kg) U.S.-made bomb, together with a disarmed example of such a bomb. Former members of the guerrilla staff the exhibits and answer guests' questions.

Morazán Department
Morazán (Spanish pronunciation: [moɾaˈsan]) is a department of El Salvador. Located in the northeast part of the country, its capital is San Francisco Gotera. It covers a total surface area of 1,447 km2 (558.8 mi² Square Miles).
Bill Sheppard (music producer)
Bill "Bunky" Sheppard (20 March 1922 in New Orleans – 1 July 1997 in Los Angeles) was an American, Chicago-based music promoter and music producer of the 1950s and 1960s, who eventually became Vice President of 20th Century Fox Records (1978-1992). He promoted such groups as The Esquires ("Get on Up", "And Get Away", and "Girls in the City"), The Sheppards and others.

Girls in the City
"Girls in the City" is a song written by Tony Hester and performed by The Esquires. It reached No. 18 on the US R&B chart and No. 120 on the Billboard pop chart in 1971.

The song was produced by Bill Sheppard and Walter Gardner and arranged by Mike Terry.
Radicofani
Radicofani (Italian pronunciation: [radiˈkɔːfani]) is a comune in the Province of Siena in the Italian region Tuscany, located in the natural park of Val d'Orcia about 110 kilometres (68 mi) southeast of Florence and about 60 kilometres (37 mi) southeast of Siena.

Radicofani borders the following municipalities: Abbadia San Salvatore, Castiglione d'Orcia, Pienza, San Casciano dei Bagni, Sarteano.

San Casciano dei Bagni
San Casciano dei Bagni is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Siena in the Italian region of Tuscany, located about 110 km (68 mi) southeast of Florence and about 70 km (43 mi) southeast of Siena. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Bob Baines
Bob Baines (born 15 November 1952) is an English-Australian actor. He has starred in many television shows including State Coroner opposite Wendy Hughes as Clive Trimble, Water Rats and Home and Away as school principal Martin Bartlett.

State Coroner (TV series)
State Coroner is an Australian television series screened on Network Ten in 1997 and 1998. There were two series produced with a total of 28 episodes.

The series was set in the State Coroner's office complex and featured investigations into deaths, murders, suicides, accidents and natural causes. The drama begins from the initial inquiry through to the courtroom appearances, the Coroner's final verdict and recommendations for trial or reform.
Corps de Garde
Corps de Garde (translation: Guardhouse) is a 720-metre-high mountain of volcanic origin, in the area Palma in the Black River district of Mauritius. The name derived from the fact that a French military post was once established on its slope to control the bands of runaway slaves.

This basaltic rock formation has an imposing appearance which is characterized by an abruptly breakup of the slope towards the sea. It is resembling a figure of a guard with its beret sleeping on his abdomen and looking forward. It is also famous for a nature reserve of about 90.33 ha with a very rare flora such as Trochetia parviflora which was rediscovered on a mountain slope in 2001, Pilea trilobata which was rediscovered in 2005 and the Mandrinette. On the foot of that hill are the towns of Beau Bassin-Rose Hill and Quatre Bornes.

Pilea trilobata
Pilea trilobata is an endemic Mauritian plant from the genus Pilea within the family Urticaceae. It was first described by botanist Hugh Algernon Weddell in 1854. It was thought to be extinct since 1849 until it was rediscovered in April 2005 in the Corps de Garde Nature Reserve.