hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Los Angeles's 4th City Council district
Los Angeles's 4th City Council district is one of the fifteen districts in the Los Angeles City Council. It is currently represented by Democrat Nithya Raman since 2020 after she defeated David Ryu in that year's election. The district is situated in Central Los Angeles, the southern San Fernando Valley, and eastern Santa Monica Mountains.

The district was created in 1925 after a new city charter was passed, which replaced the former at-large voting system for a nine-member council with a district system with a 15-member council. In 2021, redistricting processes reshaped the district into its current state, encompassing notable Los Angeles locations like Griffith Park, the Hollywood Bowl, and the Hollywood Sign.

David Ryu
David Eun Seok Ryu (Korean: 유은석; born 1975) is an American politician, who served as the Los Angeles City Councilman for District 4 from 2015 to 2020. He is the first Korean-American to hold a council seat in Los Angeles, California, and the first Asian-American to serve on Los Angeles City Council Leadership. Ryu was defeated by Nithya Raman in the November 3, 2020 general election.
Oscar, Oklahoma
Oscar is a small rural unincorporated community in southern Jefferson County, Oklahoma, United States, three miles north of the Red River. The town was named after Oscar W. Seay, a local rancher. The post office opened on November 23, 1892. The ZIP Code is 73561.  The first Postmaster was William Riley Butler, by presidential appointment. The population is unknown.

Jefferson County, Oklahoma
Jefferson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,337. Its county seat is Waurika. The county was created at statehood and named in honor of President Thomas Jefferson.
Internal Military Service
The Internal Military Service, (Polish: Wojskowa Służba Wewnętrzna, WSW) coll. Szefostwo, was an armed  military counterintelligence, military police, and secret police within the structure of Ministry of National Defense or (MON).  It served and protected  the Polish Armed Forces against western  and central MON institutions  during the years of 1957-1990 in the Polish People's Republic or PRL.

Czesław Kiszczak
Czesław Jan Kiszczak (Polish pronunciation: [ˈt͡ʂɛswaf ˈkʲiʂt͡ʂak] ⓘ; 19 October 1925 – 5 November 2015) was a Polish general, communist-era interior minister (1981–1990) and prime minister (1989).

In 1981 he played a key role in imposing martial law and suppression of the Solidarity movement in Poland. But eight years later he presided over the country's transition to democracy as its last communist prime minister and a co-chairman of the Round Table conference, in which officials of the ruling Polish United Workers' Party faced the democratic opposition leaders. The conference led to the reconciliation with and reinstatement of Solidarity, the 1989 elections, and the formation of Poland's first non-communist government since 1945.
Listed buildings in Marton, Cheshire
Marton is a civil parish in Cheshire East, England. It contains ten buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. Apart from the village of Marton, the parish is rural. The listed buildings comprise a church with a cross in the churchyard, farmhouses and dwellings.

Marton, Cheshire
Marton, Cheshire is a small village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, on the A34 road 3 miles (5 km) north of Congleton (grid reference SJ850682).  Its correct postal address is "Marton, Macclesfield",n which avoids confusion with "Marton, Winsford".

Its outstanding feature is the 14th-century timber-framed church of St James and St Paul, founded in 1343.  A plaque outside the church claims it is the oldest timber-framed church still in use in Europe.

Marton is also home to a sessile oak known as the Marton Oak. The oldest in Cheshire, it is one of the biggest oaks in Britain. Although its trunk is split, it has a single root system and is therefore regarded as a single tree.  At one time its circumference was 58 feet (17.7 m); it is estimated to be over 1,200 years old.
Kikvidzensky District
Kikvidzensky District (Russian: Кикви́дзенский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-three in Volgograd Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Kikvidzensky Municipal District. It is located in the northwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,120 square kilometers (820 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a stanitsa) of Preobrazhenskaya. Population: 17,669 (2010 census); 18,860 (2002 Census); 18,732 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Preobrazhenskaya accounts for 31.3% of the district's total population.

Preobrazhenskaya, Volgograd Oblast
Preobrazhenskaya (Russian: Преображенская) is a rural locality (a stanitsa) and the administrative center of Kikvidzensky District of Volgograd Oblast, Russia. Population:  5,533 (2010 Census); 5,463 (2002 Census); 5,135 (1989 Soviet census).
Charles F. Hockett
Charles Francis Hockett (January 17, 1916 – November 3, 2000) was an American linguist who developed many influential ideas in American structuralist linguistics. He represents the post-Bloomfieldian phase of structuralism often referred to as "distributionalism" or "taxonomic structuralism". His academic career spanned over half a century at Cornell and Rice universities. Hockett was also a firm believer of linguistics as a branch of anthropology, making contributions that were significant to the field of anthropology as well.

Double articulation
In linguistics, double articulation, duality of patterning, or duality is the fundamental language phenomenon consisting of the use of combinations of a small number of meaningless elements (sounds, that is, phonemes) to produce a large number of meaningful elements (words, actually morphemes). Its name refers to this two-level structure inherent to sign systems, many of which are composed of these two kinds of elements: 1) distinctive but meaningless and 2) significant or meaningful.

It is one of Hockett's design features.
Henry Philpott (bishop)
Henry Philpott (17 November 1807 – 10 January 1892) was an Anglican bishop and academic.

He matriculated at St Catharine's College, Cambridge, in 1825 and graduated as Senior Wrangler and 2nd Smith's prizeman in 1829.  He was elected a Fellow of St Catharine's College on 6 April 1829 and was subsequently elected Master of St Catharine's College in 1845, a post he held until 1861. During the same period, he was Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge on three occasions (1846, 1856, 1857).

Philpott was awarded the degree of Doctor of Divinity by royal letters patent in 1847 and was Bishop of Worcester from 1861 to 1890. His election to the see was confirmed on 13 March and he was consecrated a bishop on 25 March 1861. He was Clerk of the Closet from 1865 to 1891 and Chairman of the Cambridge University Commission in 1878.

Smith's Prize
Smith's Prize was the name of each of two prizes awarded annually to two research students in mathematics and theoretical physics at the University of Cambridge from 1769. Following the reorganization in 1998, they are now awarded under the names Smith-Knight Prize and Rayleigh-Knight Prize.
First Rudd ministry
The first Rudd ministry (Labor) was the 64th ministry of the Government of Australia. It was led by the country's 26th Prime Minister, Kevin Rudd. The first Rudd ministry succeeded the fourth Howard ministry, which dissolved on 3 December 2007 following the federal election that took place on 24 November which saw Labor defeat John Howard's Liberal–National Coalition. The ministry was replaced by the first Gillard ministry on 24 June 2010 following the resignation of Rudd as Prime Minister after a successful leadership challenge by Julia Gillard.

Mark Arbib
Mark Victor Arbib (born 9 November 1971) is an Australian sports administrator and executive, a former Labor Party politician and trade unionist.

In 2015, he joined Athletics Australia where he served as President for six years. In 2016, Arbib was elected as an executive board member to the Australian Olympic Committee. In April 2025, Arbib was announced as the next CEO of the Australian Olympic Committee, commencing in May 2025.

Arbib was Minister for Sport from 2010 until 2012 and Minister for Social Housing and Homelessness from 2010 until 2011, during which time he also served as a Senator for New South Wales from 2008 to 2012.
Mercado Central (TV series)
Mercado Central (transl. 'Central Market') is a Spanish soap opera television series based on an original idea by David Plana that originally aired on La 1 from 23 September 2019 to 21 January 2021. The series' ensemble cast features the likes of Antonio Garrido, Begoña Maestre, Lola Marceli and Jesús Olmedo, among others.

Antonio Garrido (actor)
Antonio Jesús Garrido Benito (born 20 August 1971 in Seville, Province of Seville, Andalusia, Spain) is a Spanish actor and TV presenter.

He started in a theatre company, taking part in several plays like Bajarse al moro, Breve Brecht, Un nuevo mundo, El barbero de Sevilla, Réquiem de Berlín  or El otro lado de la cama. He played Joaquín in La chica de ayer (2009).
Afghan Breakdown
Afghan Breakdown (Russian: Афганский излом, romanized: Afganskiy izlom) is a 1991 war drama film about the Soviet–Afghan War directed by Vladimir Bortko and co-produced by Italy and the Soviet Union (Lenfilm). Michele Placido plays the protagonist, Major Bandura, a commander of a unit of Soviet paratroopers, co-starring with several popular Soviet actors. Director Vladimir Bortko invited Mikhail Leshchinskiy (a Soviet TV war reporter who worked in Afghanistan for 4.5 years) as a co-writer and visited Kabul and Kandahar in 1988 to research on the ground.

Lenfilm
Lenfilm (Russian: Ленфильм, acronym of Leningrad Films) is a Russian production and distribution company with its own film studio located in Saint Petersburg (the city was called Leningrad from 1924 to 1991, thus the name). It is a corporation with its stakes shared between private owners and several private film studios which operate on the premises. Since October 2012, the Chairman of the board of directors is Fyodor Bondarchuk. It is one of the oldest active film studios in Russia.
Saudades (Trio Beyond album)
Saudades (Portuguese: "The Blues") is a live double-album by Jack DeJohnette's Trio Beyond, recorded at the Queen Elizabeth Hall in London, England, on November 21, 2004, and released on ECM June 2006, marking their debut recording. Saudade is a Portuguese word meaning sadness or longing for times past, or in a musical context, blues.

Saudade
Saudade (European Portuguese: [sɐwˈðaðɨ] ⓘ; Brazilian Portuguese: [sawˈdadʒi] ⓘ; Galician: [sawˈðaðɪ]; Northeast Brazil: [sawˈdadi]). (English: /saʊˈdɑːdə/; plural saudades) is a word in Portuguese and Galician denoting an emotional state of melancholic or profoundly nostalgic longing for a beloved yet absent someone or something. It derives from the Latin word for solitude. It is often associated with a repressed understanding that one might never encounter the object of longing ever again. It is a recollection of feelings, experiences, places, or events, often elusive, that cause a sense of separation from the exciting, pleasant, or joyous sensations they once caused. Duarte Nunes Leão defines saudade as, "Memory of something with a desire for it".
In Brazil, the day of saudade is officially celebrated on 30 January. It is not a widely acknowledged day in Portugal.
Edward Askew Sothern
Edward Askew Sothern (1 April 1826 – 20 January 1881) was an English actor known for his comic roles in Britain and America, particularly Lord Dundreary in Our American Cousin. He was also known for his many practical jokes.

Henry James Byron
Henry James Byron (8 January 1835 – 11 April 1884) was a prolific English dramatist, as well as an editor, journalist, director, theatre manager, novelist and actor.

After an abortive start at a medical career, Byron struggled as a provincial actor and aspiring playwright in the 1850s.  Returning to London and beginning to study for the bar, he finally found playwriting success in burlesques and other punny plays.  In the 1860s, he became an editor of humorous magazines and a noted man-about-town, while continuing to build his playwriting reputation, notably as co-manager, with Marie Wilton, of the Prince of Wales's Theatre.  In 1869, he returned to the stage as an actor and, during the same period, wrote numerous successful plays, including the historic international success, Our Boys.  In his last years, he grew frail from tuberculosis and died at the age of 49.
Abimilki
Abimilki (Amorite: 𒇽𒀀𒁉𒅖𒆠, LÚa-bi-mil-ki, ʾabī milki) around 1347 BC held the rank of Prince of Tyre (called "Surru" in the letters), during the period of the Amarna letters correspondence (1360–1332 BC). He is the author of ten letters to the Egyptian pharaoh, EA 146–155 (EA for 'el Amarna'). In letter EA 147, Pharaoh Akhenaten confirmed him as ruler of Tyre upon the death of his father, and in EA 149, referred to him with the rank of rabisu (general).

Abimilki is not referenced by name in any other letters of the 382-letter corpus. His name has been linked with the biblical Abimelech. His name means "My father (is) king."

Abimelech
Abimelech (also spelled Abimelek or Avimelech; Hebrew: אֲבִימֶלֶךְ / אֲבִימָלֶךְ, Modern ʼAvīméleḵ / ʼAvīmáleḵ Tiberian ʼAḇīmeleḵ / ʼAḇīmāleḵ, "my father is a king"/"my father reigns") was the generic name given to all Philistine kings in the Hebrew Bible from the time of Abraham through King David. In the Book of Judges, Abimelech, son of Gideon, of the Tribe of Manasseh, is proclaimed king of Shechem after the death of his father.
Nathaniel Branden
Nathaniel Branden (born Nathan Blumenthal; April 9, 1930 – December 3, 2014) was a Canadian–American psychotherapist and writer known for his work in the psychology of self-esteem. A former associate and romantic partner of Ayn Rand, Branden also played a prominent role in the 1960s in promoting Rand's philosophy, Objectivism. Rand and Branden split acrimoniously in 1968, after which Branden focused on developing his own psychological theories and modes of therapy.

The Passion of Ayn Rand
The Passion of Ayn Rand is a biography of Ayn Rand by writer and lecturer Barbara Branden, a former friend and business associate. Published by Doubleday in 1986, it was the first full-length biography of Rand and the basis for the 1999 film of the same name starring Helen Mirren as Rand.
Fox Soccer Report
Fox Soccer Report was Fox Soccer's flagship studio program.  The show was produced by Fox Sports World Canada, a Canadian international sports network owned by Shaw Media (parent of Global Television Network), from CKND-TV's studios in Winnipeg, Manitoba. The show, formerly called Fox Sports World Report and Global SportsLink, aired nightly on Fox Soccer in the United States and EuroWorld Sport (Canada) at 10 p.m. Eastern Time (or after a live prime-time match), with numerous re-airs, usually at 1 a.m. Eastern. The show also aired on Fox Soccer Plus nightly at 11 p.m. Eastern Time.

With the shutdown of Fox Sports World in April 2012, Fox Soccer Report continued to be produced until August 16, 2012, when it was replaced by Fox Soccer News, a new soccer news program produced by Sportsnet out of Toronto, the following day.

Global Television Network
The Global Television Network (more commonly called Global, or occasionally Global TV) is a Canadian English-language terrestrial television network. It is currently Canada's second most-watched private terrestrial television network after CTV, and has fifteen owned-and-operated stations throughout the country. Global is owned by Corus Entertainment — the media holdings of JR Shaw and other members of his family.

Global has its origins in a regional television station of the same name, serving Southern Ontario, which launched in 1974. The Ontario station was soon purchased by the now-defunct CanWest Global Communications, and that company gradually expanded its national reach in the subsequent decades through both acquisitions and new station launches, building up a quasi-network of independent stations, known as the CanWest Global System, until the stations were unified under the Ontario station's branding in 1997.
Thomas D. Yukelich
Thomas D. Yukelich (July 9, 1909 – August 7, 1984) was an American politician.

Yukelich was born in Virginia, St. Louis County, Minnesota and graduated from Virginia High School. He went to Virginia Junior College and to Winona State University. Yukelich lived in Gilbert, Minnesota with his wife and family and served as the Gilbert City Assessor from 1933 to 1939. Yukevich served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1939 to 1946 and in the Minnesota Senate from 1947 to 1966. He was a Democrat. Yukelich died from lung cancer at the Virginia Regional Hospital in Virginia, Minnesota.

Virginia, Minnesota
Virginia is a city in St. Louis County, Minnesota, United States. With an economy heavily reliant on large-scale iron ore mining, Virginia is considered the Mesabi Iron Range's commercial center. The population was 8,421 at the 2020 census. Virginia is a part of the Duluth metropolitan area, and U.S. Highway 53 runs through town.
Greg LaFleur
Gregory Louis LaFleur (born September 16, 1958) is an American former professional football player who was a tight end in the National Football League (NFL). LaFleur was selected in the third round by the Philadelphia Eagles out of Louisiana State University in the 1981 NFL draft. LaFleur was also a member of the Indianapolis Colts and St. Louis Cardinals. He had career statistics of 64 Receptions and 3 Touchdowns. He is the father of former NBA center Robert Sacre. His youngest son Greyson LaFleur is a senior linebacker at Southern University.

In 1995 he served as the national spokesperson for the Kennedy Center Alliance for Arts Education. LaFleur was the athletic director at Texas State University from 2001 to 2004 and Chicago State University from 2004 to 2005.  He was the athletic director at Southern University from 2005 until April 6, 2011. In 2016, LaFleur ran for mayor-president of Baton Rouge and the  East Baton Rouge Parish.

Robert Sacre
Robert Sacre (born June 6, 1989) is an American-Canadian professional basketball player who is the assistant general manager for the Vancouver Bandits of the Canadian Elite Basketball League (CEBL). A dual citizen of the United States and Canada, he has played for the Canadian national basketball team. After playing college basketball for the Gonzaga Bulldogs, he was selected by the Los Angeles Lakers with the last overall pick in the second round of the 2012 NBA draft. He played four seasons with the Lakers and three seasons with the Sun Rockers Shibuya in Japan.
Cerebro Negro
Ricardo Antonio Morales Gonzalez (born September 30, 1973), better known under the ring name Cerebro Negro ("Black Brain"), is a Mexican luchador, or masked professional wrestler, currently working for the Mexican professional wrestling promotion International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG) portraying a rudo ("Bad guy") wrestling character as well as a number of independent promotions.

IWRG Rey del Ring
The IWRG Rey del Ring (Spanish for "King of the Ring") refers both to an annual tournament and a professional wrestling championship promoted by the Mexican Lucha libre professional wrestling promotion International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG). From 2002 until 2011 the IWRG Rey del Ring only referred to an annual 30-man tournament, but as of the 2011 tournament there is also a physical championship belt that is and can be defended throughout the year.

As it is a professional wrestling championship, the championship was not won not by actual competition, but by a scripted ending to a match determined by the bookers and match makers. On occasion the promotion declares a championship vacant, which means there is no champion at that point in time. This can either be due to a storyline, or real life issues such as a champion suffering an injury being unable to defend the championship, or leaving the company.
Geoff Bodine
Geoffrey Eli Bodine (born April 18, 1949) is an American former motorsport driver and bobsled builder. He raced at the NASCAR Cup Series from 1979 to 2011, earning 18 wins and a best season finish of third in 1990.

Bodine was born into a racing family as his father and grandfather, Eli Bodine Jr. and Sr. built Chemung Speedrome just a year after he was born. He is the oldest of the three Bodine brothers (with Brett Bodine and Todd Bodine), and sister Denise. Bodine began learning his racing skills at this track in the micro-midget division when he was only five years old. He had such an itch to race that he disguised himself as a lady and entered an event known as the Powder Puff Derby when he was 15.

1990 NASCAR Winston Cup Series
The 1990 NASCAR Winston Cup Series was the 42nd season of professional stock car racing in the United States and the 19th modern-era Cup Series. It began on Sunday, February 11, and ended on Sunday, November 18. Because of a highly controversial penalty to Mark Martin early in the season, Dale Earnhardt with Richard Childress Racing was crowned the Winston Cup champion for the fourth time, edging out Martin by 26 points.
Lower Bavaria
Lower Bavaria (German: Niederbayern, pronounced [ˈniːdɐˌbaɪɐn] ⓘ; Bavarian: Niedabayern, Niadabayern, Niedabayan or Niadabayan) is one of the seven administrative regions of Bavaria, Germany, located in the east of the state. It consists of nine districts and 258 municipalities (including three cities).

Bavarian language
Bavarian (Boarisch or Bairisch; German: Bayrisch [ˈbaɪʁɪʃ] ⓘ), alternately Austro-Bavarian, is a group of Upper German varieties spoken in the south-east of the German language area, including the German state of Bavaria, most of Austria, and South Tyrol in Italy. Prior to 1945, Bavarian was also prevalent in parts of the southern Sudetenland and western Hungary. Bavarian is spoken by approximately 12 million people in an area of around 125,000 square kilometres (48,000 sq mi), making it the largest of all German dialects. In 2008, 45 percent of Bavarians claimed to use only dialect in everyday communication.
Ole Qvist
Ole Qvist (born 25 February 1950 in Copenhagen) is a Danish former professional footballer who played a goalkeeper for Kjøbenhavns Boldklub and earned 39 caps with the Denmark national team from 1979 to 1986. He played all of Denmark's four matches at the 1984 European Championships. He was also an unused player at the 1986 FIFA World Cup team.

Throughout his playing career he continued to work as a Police Officer in the Traffic Divisions motorcycle unit.

His son Lasse Qvist is also a footballer. His father Hans Qvist was a renowned Danish cartoonist.

Kjøbenhavns Boldklub
Kjøbenhavns Boldklub (known simply as KB) is a Danish professional multi-sports club based in Copenhagen. The club was founded on 26 April 1876 on the grassy fields in outer Copenhagen which later became Fælledparken. 
Tennis has been played since 1883. The club hosted, in 1921, one of the early tennis majors: the World Covered Court Championships, won by William Laurentz that year. Today, along with the sports already mentioned, the club also has facilities for badminton, swimming and pétanque.

Football and cricket has been played in KB since 1879, meaning that KB's football team was the first club on continental Europe and it went on to become one of the most successful club in Denmark, winning 15 Danish championship titles from 1913 to 1980. In 1991, KB and B 1903 merged their professional football teams and formed F.C. Copenhagen.