hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chip War
Chip War: The Fight for the World's Most Critical Technology is a 2022 nonfiction book by Chris Miller, an economic historian and nonresident senior fellow at the conservative think tank American Enterprise Institute, as well as professor at Tufts University's Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy. It chronicles the transformation of the semiconductor into an essential component of contemporary life. Miller describes in detail some of the geopolitical battles. Chip War outlines the structure and history of the semiconductor sector, providing helpful background for readers without prior knowledge. The book was widely well received and praised by numerous notable reviewers. In addition to it being a New York Times Best Seller, the book received the 2022 Financial Times Business Book of the Year award, the Council on Foreign Relations Arthur Ross Book Award, and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2024 History Prize.

Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy
The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy is the graduate school for international relations at Tufts University in Medford, Massachusetts, United States.

Fletcher is one of America's oldest graduate schools of international relations. Each fall, Fletcher admits an average of 330 students to its various programs, of whom 40 percent are international students and around a quarter are U.S. minorities.
Saint-Jacques Cathedral (Montreal)
Saint-Jacques Cathedral (Cathédrale Saint-Jacques) was the Roman Catholic cathedral in Montreal from 1825 to 1852, named for St. James the Greater. From 1825 to 1836, it was the seat of the auxiliary bishop of Quebec in Montreal. With the creation of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Montreal in 1836, it became the cathedral of the new diocese.

Archdiocese of Montreal
The Archdiocese of Montreal (Latin: Archdioecesis Marianopolitana) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Canada. A metropolitan see, its arch episcopal see is the Montreal, Quebec. It includes Montreal and surrounding areas within Quebec.
Warren Barguil
Warren Barguil (French: [waʁɛn baʁgil]; born 28 October 1991) is a French cyclist who rides for UCI WorldTeam Team Picnic–PostNL. He is best known for winning two mountain stages and the mountains classification of the 2017 Tour de France.

2017 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 21
The 2017 Tour de France is the 104th edition of the cycle race, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The race started in Düsseldorf, Germany on 1 July, with stage 12 occurring on 13 July with a stage departing from Pau. The race finished on the Champs-Élysées in Paris on 23 July.
Virginia State Route 92
State Route 92 (SR 92) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia.  The state highway runs 28.97 miles (46.62 km) from U.S. Route 58 Business (US 58 Business) north and west to US 360 near Clover.  SR 92 connects Boydton and Clover with Chase City via central Mecklenburg County, southern Charlotte County, and northeastern Halifax County in Southside Virginia.  All of SR 92 is the former alignment of State Route 12, the predecessor to US 58.

Charlotte County, Virginia
Charlotte County is a United States county located in the south central part of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Its county seat is the town of Charlotte Court House.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 11,529. Charlotte County is predominantly rural with a population density of only 26.5 persons per square mile.

The county was formed in 1764 from Lunenburg County, and it is named for Queen Charlotte, wife of King George III of England.  Founding Father Patrick Henry was one of its most famous residents, and his grave and the national memorial dedicated to him are located in Charlotte County.
Promised Land, Mississippi
Promised Land is a ghost town in Sunflower County, Mississippi, United States.

The settlement had a post office, and was located on the Promised Land Plantation, approximately 2.5 mi (4.0 km) north of present-day Drew, Mississippi.

Sunflower County, Mississippi
Sunflower County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,971, and was estimated to be 23,029 in 2024. The county seat and the largest city is Indianola.

Sunflower County comprises the Indianola, MS Micropolitan statistical area, which is included in the Cleveland-Indianola, MS Combined statistical area. It is located in the Mississippi Delta region.

Mississippi State Penitentiary (Parchman Farm) is located in Sunflower County.
Carboxylesterase 2
Carboxylesterase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CES2 gene.  It is a member of the alpha/beta fold hydrolase family.

Carboxylesterase 2 is a member of a large multigene family. The enzymes encoded by these genes are responsible for the hydrolysis of ester- and amide-bond-containing drugs such as cocaine and heroin. They also hydrolyze long-chain fatty acid esters and thioesters. The specific function of this enzyme has not yet been determined; however, it is speculated that carboxylesterases may play a role in lipid metabolism and/or the blood–brain barrier system. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.

Alpha/beta hydrolase superfamily
The alpha/beta hydrolase superfamily is a superfamily of hydrolytic enzymes of widely differing phylogenetic origin and catalytic function that share a common fold. The core of each enzyme is an alpha/beta-sheet (rather than a barrel), containing 8 beta strands connected by 6 alpha helices. The enzymes are believed to have diverged from a common ancestor, retaining little obvious sequence similarity, but preserving the arrangement of the catalytic residues. All have a catalytic triad, the elements of which are borne on loops, which are the best-conserved structural features of the fold.

The alpha/beta hydrolase fold includes proteases, lipases, peroxidases, esterases, epoxide hydrolases and dehalogenases.
Leon Harrop
Leon Harrop (born 1991 or 1992) is a British TV actor with Down's Syndrome, known for playing characters with the condition, most notably playing Ralph Wilson in The A Word (2016–2020), and its spin off series Ralph & Katie (2022).

Ralph & Katie
Ralph & Katie is a 2022 British television drama series. It is a spin-off of The A Word, and is centred around the lives of a couple with Down syndrome. The six-part series, handled by a writing team made up predominantly of people with disabilities, began broadcast in October 2022. Disney+ picked up the programme across all of Europe, except the UK.
Georgia's 12th Senate district
District 12 of the Georgia Senate is a district in Southwest Georgia anchored in Albany.

The district includes all of Baker, Calhoun, Clay, Dougherty, Early, Miller, Mitchell, Quitman, Randolph, Stewart, Sumter, Terrell, and Webster counties.  Cities in the district include Albany, Americus, and Camilla.  The Jimmy Carter National Historical Park is located in this district in Plains.

The current senator is Freddie Powell Sims, a Democrat from Dawson first elected in 2008.

Quitman County, Georgia
Quitman County is a county located in the southwestern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,235, making it the second-least populous county in Georgia. The county seat is Georgetown. The county was created on December 10, 1858, and named after General John A. Quitman, leader in the Mexican–American War, and once Governor of Mississippi. In November 2006, residents voted to consolidate the city government of Georgetown and the county government of Quitman into a consolidated city-county.
Mary Bennett Ritter
Mary Elizabeth Bennett Ritter (June 7, 1860 – March 17, 1949) was an American physician and an advocate for women's rights and public health issues in Berkeley, California. She was known as a pioneer in her time because women were largely excluded from medical training and employment. Despite restricted access, Ritter built a successful private practice. She also advocated for women in medical professions, training for nurses, and sanitation standards in hospitals and doctor's offices. She helped start the Pacific Dispensary for Women and Children, free clinics for poor women and children. In 1933, she published her autobiography, More Than Gold in California.

Pacific Dispensary for Women and Children
Pacific Dispensary for Women and Children, initially known as Children's Hospital and then The Hospital for Children and Training School for Nurses, was a women's and children's hospital founded in 1875 in San Francisco, California. In 1877, it was renamed Children's Hospital. Children's Hospital merged with Presbyterian Hospital in 1991, and within two years, a large joint physician group was established. It was subsequently acquired by California Pacific Medical Center.
Girolamo Riario
Girolamo Riario (1443 – 14 April 1488) was Lord of Imola (from 1473) and Count of Forlì (from 1480). He served as Captain General of the Church under his uncle Pope Sixtus IV. He was one of the organisers of the failed 1478 Pazzi conspiracy against the Medici family, the rulers of Florence, and was assassinated 10 years later by members of the Forlivese Orsi family.

Pazzi conspiracy
The Pazzi conspiracy (Italian: Congiura dei Pazzi) was a failed plot by members of the Pazzi family and others to displace the Medici family as rulers of Renaissance Florence.: 151

On 26 April 1478 (Easter Sunday) there was an attempt to assassinate Lorenzo de' Medici and his brother Giuliano. Lorenzo was wounded but survived; Giuliano was killed.

More than eighty people implicated in the plot were executed, some by hanging from the windows of the Palazzo della Signoria. The surviving Pazzi family members were banished from Florence.
Fayette County Courthouse (Indiana)
Fayette County Courthouse is a historic courthouse located at Connersville, Indiana, United States.  It was built in 1890, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, Romanesque Revival style red brick building.  It encompasses the earlier 1849 courthouse in its construction.  It features a circular corner clock tower and topped by a steep conical spire.: 5

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

Connersville, Indiana
Connersville is a city in Fayette County, Indiana, United States, 66 miles (106 km) east by southeast of Indianapolis. The population was 13,324 at the 2020 census. The city is the county seat of and the only incorporated town in the county. The city is in the center of a large rural area of east central Indiana; the nearest significant city is Richmond, 26 miles (42 km) to the northeast by road. Connersville is home to Fayette county's only high school. The local economy relies on manufacturing, retail, and healthcare to sustain itself. However, there has been a consistent decline in both employment and population since the 1960s, placing it among the least affluent areas in the state of Indiana, as indicated by measures such as median household income and other economic indicators.

The city is among the oldest cities in Indiana and the former Indiana Territory, having been established in 1813 by its namesake, John Conner.
La Petite-Pierre
La Petite-Pierre (French pronunciation: [la pətit pjɛʁ]; German: Lützelstein; Rhine Franconian: Lítzelstain) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It lies in the historical and cultural region of Alsace (Elsass in German). Petit-Pierre literally means little rock.

The town lies in the Northern Vosges Regional Nature Park which has its headquarter in the château (Maison du Parc).

Palatine Zweibrücken
The Duchy of Palatinate-Zweibrücken (German: Herzogtum Pfalz-Zweibrücken; French: Duché de Palatinat-Deux-Ponts or Comté palatin de Deux-Ponts) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire with full voting rights to the Reichstag. Its capital was Zweibrücken. The reigning house, a branch of the Wittelsbach dynasty, was also the Royal House of Sweden from 1654 to 1720.
Stay Alive
Stay Alive is a 2006 American supernatural techno horror film directed by William Brent Bell, who co-wrote it with Matthew Peterman. The film was produced by Joseph McGinty Nichol, and released on March 24, 2006, in the United States by Hollywood Pictures.

McG
Joseph McGinty Nichol (born August 9, 1968), known professionally as McG, is an American film director, film producer, and former record producer.

McG began his career in the music industry, directing music videos and producing various albums. He later rose to prominence with his debut theatrically released narrative feature, Charlie's Angels, which had the highest-grossing opening weekend for a directorial debut at the time. Since then, he has directed several other films, including Terminator Salvation, This Means War, and The Babysitter. On television, McG co-created Fastlane with John McNamara and executive produced The O.C., Supernatural, and Chuck.

McG also owns a production company, Wonderland Sound and Vision, founded in 2001, which has overseen the production of the films and television shows he has worked on since Charlie's Angels: Full Throttle.
Pratt & Whitney Wasp series
The Pratt & Whitney Wasp was the civilian name of a family of air-cooled, radial piston engines developed in the 1920s, 1930s, and 1940s.

The Pratt & Whitney Aircraft Company (P&W) was founded in 1925 by Frederick B. Rentschler, who had previously been the president of Wright Aeronautical. He brought with him some of Wright's best designers, and the new team quickly came up with their first design, the R-1340 Wasp. The name "Wasp" was suggested for the first model by Rentschler's wife, Faye.

Frederick Rentschler
Frederick Brant Rentschler (November 8, 1887 – April 25, 1956) was an American aircraft engine designer, aviation engineer, industrialist, and the founder of Pratt & Whitney Aircraft. Rentschler created and manufactured many revolutionary aircraft engines, including those used in the aircraft of Charles Lindbergh, Amelia Earhart and James Doolittle. He is also a co-founder of United Aircraft and Transport Corporation, the predecessor of United Technologies Corporation.
National Council of Churches in Korea
The National Council of Churches in Korea (Korean: 한국 기독교 교회 협의회; NCCK) is a non-Catholic Christian ecumenical organization founded in Korea in 1924 as the National Christian Council in Korea. It is a member of the World Council of Churches and the Christian Conference of Asia.

Korean Christian Federation
The Korean Christian Federation is a Protestant body in North Korea founded in 1946. The federation is based in the capital city Pyongyang. The current secretary general is O Kyong-u. The federation has come to play an important role in international relations involving North Korea and religious organizations in South Korea and abroad.
Stopp
"Stopp" is a single by Swedish singer Veronica Maggio, from her second Studio album Och vinnaren är... It was released in Sweden as a digital download on 6 May 2008. The song peaked at number 30 on the Swedish Singles Chart.

Och vinnaren är...
Och vinnaren är... (Swedish for And the Winner Is...) is the second studio album released by Swedish singer and songwriter Veronica Maggio. It was released in Sweden on 26 March 2008 through Universal Music AB and debuted at number 12 on the Swedish Albums Chart, peaking at number 7.
Where Is My Mind? (film)
Where Is My Mind (Egyptian Arabic: أين عقلي) is a 1974 Egyptian film directed by Atef Salem. It features a screenplay by Raafat el-Mihi based on a novel by Ihsan Abdel Quddous. It stars Soad Hosny, Mahmoud Yassin and Rushdy Abaza.

Ihsan Abdel Quddous
Ihsan Abdel Quddous (Egyptian Arabic: إحسان عبد القدوس ʼIḥsān ʻAbd el-ʼuddūs, IPA: [ʔeħˈsæːn ʕæbdel.ʔʊdˈduːs]) (1 January 1919 – 11 January 1990) was an Egyptian writer, novelist, and journalist and editor in Egypt's Al Akhbar and Al-Ahram newspapers.  He wrote many novels that were adapted into films, and served as editor for many years of the literary journal Rose al-Yūsuf.
Claude, Duke of Chevreuse
Claude de Lorraine (5 June 1578 – 24 January 1657), also called Claude de Guise, was a French noble and husband of Marie de Rohan.  He was the Duke of Chevreuse, a title which is today used by the Duke of Luynes.

Duke of Luynes
The Duke of Luynes (French: duc de Luynes French: [dyk də lɥin]) is a territorial name belonging to the noble French house d'Albert. Luynes is, today, a commune of the Indre-et-Loire département in France.  The family of Albert, which sprang from Thomas Alberti (died 1455), seigneur de Boussargues, bailli of Viviers and Valence, and viguier of Bagnols and Pont-Saint-Esprit in Languedoc, acquired the estate of Luynes in the 16th century.
Walter Bigg
Walter Bigg (1606 – 5 August 1659) was an English merchant and politician who sat in the House of Commons  in 1659.

Bigg was the son of Walter Bigg Senior of Wallingford in Berkshire and Crowmarsh Gifford in Oxfordshire. He lived in the parish of St Giles in the Fields and was a citizen of London and a member of the Worshipful Company of Merchant Taylors. On 6 September 1653 he was elected alderman of the City of London for Castle Baynard ward. He was Sheriff of London in 1654 and Master of the Merchant Taylors for 1654 to 1655. In 1657 he became alderman for Cripplegate ward.

In 1659, Bigg was elected Member of Parliament for Wallingford in the Third Protectorate Parliament. He was the founder of Wallingford School.

His son, John Bigg, was MP for Huntingdon in 1689.

John Bigg (MP)
John Bigg (5 July 1652 – c. 1710), of Graham, Huntingdonshire, was an English Member of Parliament.

He was the son of Walter Bigg, Member of Parliament for Wallingford.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Huntingdon in 1689.
The Dig (band)
The Dig is an American rock band based in New York City, consisting of Emile Mosseri (bass/vocals), David Baldwin (guitar/vocals), Erick Eiser (keyboards/guitar), and Mark Demiglio (drums).

The band released its debut, self released album Quiet Parade in 2006, followed by their first of five EPs, Good Luck and Games in 2007. They later released Midnight Flowers in 2012, and two EPs, Tired Hearts and You & I in 2013 all under the label Buffalo Jump. Finally, in 2017 they released their last album, Bloodshot Tokyo and in 2018 they released their final two EPs, Moonlight Baby/Afternoon with Caroline.

Emile Mosseri
Emile Mosseri (born August 11, 1985) is an American composer, pianist, singer and producer based in Los Angeles. He has scored films including The Last Black Man in San Francisco (2019), Minari (2020), and Kajillionaire (2020), and composed for television shows like HBO's Random Acts of Flyness, and season 2 of Amazon's Homecoming. He received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Score for Minari. Mosseri is a member of the indie-rock band The Dig, as well as a recording artist and touring musician.
Housen Mushema
Housen Mushema is a Ugandan runway, commercial and editorial model, actor and fashion producer known for playing the lead role of Balikoowa in Balikoowa in the City, Sokke on The Hostel, Andrew on Second Chance, Ben Ssali on Power of Legacy, Ian on Mistakes Girls Do, Michael on Veronica's Wish, Anthony on Bed of Thorns in addition to roles on other shows and films, including November Tear, False Dreams and The Lukkas.

He is a recipient of the Abyranz Fashion and Style Awards 2015 in the Outstanding Male Model category and he has hit most Man Crush Monday features in numerous magazines in Kampala. He also appeared at number 7 on Satisfashion Ug Magazine's 8 most revered male models in Uganda in 2014.

Mistakes Girls Do
Mistakes Girls Do, also stylized as Mistakes Gals Do, is a Ugandan drama television series created and produced by Richard Mulindwa under the Limit Productions banner. The series which had been running as a web series since its release in 2017 was picked up by Pearl Magic network when it started operating in 2018. The series is about the lives of young women, the mistakes they make in their lives, the consequences they face and the lessons they learn.
Nichika Ōmori
Nichika Ōmori (Japanese: 大森 日雅, Hepburn: Ōmori Nichika; born October 15, 1994) is a Japanese voice actress from Nagano Prefecture who is affiliated with Across Entertainment. After graduating from acting school, she made her voice acting debut as the character Yurika Nijino in the anime series Invaders of the Rokujouma!?. She is also known for her roles as Asahi Kuga in Seven Senses of the Re'Union and Yurine Hanazono in Dropkick on My Devil!

Mahou Shoujo Nante Mouiidesukara
Mahou Shoujo Nante Mouiidesukara (魔法少女なんてもういいですから。, Mahō Shōjo Nante Mō Ii Desu Kara.; "I've Had Enough of Being a Magical Girl") is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Sui Futami. An anime television series adaptation by Pine Jam aired from January to March 2016, and a second season aired from October to December of the same year.
Augustus Schutz
Baron Augustus Schutz (born 1689) was an English courtier.

He was born in England the son of Louis-Justus Sinoldt dit Schutz, a minister-plenipotentiary of the Duke of Hanover at the Court of St James.

At the age of 16 he went to live in Hanover but returned in 1714 with George I when the latter acceded to the throne of England. He subsequently served George II from 1727 to 1757 as his Master of the Robes and Keeper of the Privy Purse.

He married Penelope Madan and lived at Shotover House in Oxfordshire, which he took over from Lt-Gen. James Tyrell. The Schutzes had 5 sons and 3 daughters; their eldest son George Frederick became a Groom of the Bedchamber to George III.

Master of the Robes
The Master of the Robes is an office in the British Royal Household. He is responsible for the King's robes at times such as a coronation, the annual Order of the Garter service and the State Opening of Parliament. Since the reign of Edward VII, the office has only been filled for coronations (note, the office is not allocated during the reign of a queen regnant). Below is a list of known office holders:
Hit the Lights (Selena Gomez & the Scene song)
"Hit the Lights" is a song by American band Selena Gomez & the Scene from their third and final studio album When the Sun Goes Down (2011). The song was written by Leah Haywood, Daniel James and Tony Nilsson, while production of the song was handled by Haywood and James under their production name Dreamlab. Musically, "Hit the Lights" is a dance-pop and synth-pop song. Lyrically, the song speaks about living in the moment and taking risks. An international remixes EP was released on January 20, 2012, for the song's single release. It officially impacted Top 40/Mainstream radio in the U.S. on April 10, 2012. It was released as the third and final single from the album, as well as the final single released by the group to date. It was also the only single released by the group that was excluded from Selena Gomez's 2014 compilation album For You.

Tony Nilsson
Tony Nilsson is a Swedish singer-songwriter (born in Boden, Norrbotten County, Sweden in 1977). He is signed to Peermusic. A prolific composer of songs, he has contributed to a string of hits by well-known Swedish artists. Many of his songs have featured in Melodifestivalen and in the Swedish Singles Chart. Nilsson lives with artist and fellow songwriter Mirja Breitholtz.

Nilsson had a hit with "Natalie", a song he had written. It was featured in 2006 in the compilation album Absolute Summerhits 2006. In 2007, a cover version by Ola Svensson became a huge summer hit in Sweden.

In 2010 he wrote the song "If You Love Me", which was recorded and released by British X Factor winner Joe McElderry. 
The same year Nilsson started collaborating with Swedish singer Darin. Together they wrote "Can't Stop Love" for the Swedish royal wedding and most of the other songs on Darin's album Lovekiller. The album went straight to No. 1 in the charts and was certified gold after only one week.