hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
MARC standards
MARC (machine-readable cataloging) is a standard set of digital formats for the machine-readable description of items catalogued by libraries, such as books, DVDs, and digital resources. Computerized library catalogs and library management software need to structure their catalog records as per an industry-wide standard, which is MARC, so that bibliographic information can be shared freely between computers. The structure of bibliographic records almost universally follows the MARC standard. Other standards work in conjunction with MARC, for example, Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules (AACR)/Resource Description and Access (RDA) provide guidelines on formulating bibliographic data into the MARC record structure, while the International Standard Bibliographic Description (ISBD) provides guidelines for displaying MARC records in a standard, human-readable form.

Machine-readable medium and data
In communications and computing, a machine-readable medium (or computer-readable medium) is a medium capable of storing data in a format easily readable by a digital computer or a sensor. 
It contrasts with human-readable medium and data.

The result is called machine-readable data or computer-readable data, and the data itself can be described as having machine-readability.
Urs Noel Glutz von Blotzheim
Urs Noel Glutz von Blotzheim (born 18 December 1932 in Solothurn) is a Swiss zoologist, who is primarily known for his ornithological work.  Glutz von Blotzheim is Professor Emeritus at the University of Bern.
He is an honorary member of the British Ornithologists' Union.

British Ornithologists' Union
The British Ornithologists' Union (BOU) aims to encourage the study of birds (ornithology) around the world in order to understand their biology and aid their conservation. The BOU was founded in 1858 by Professor Alfred Newton, Henry Baker Tristram and other scientists.  Its quarterly journal, Ibis, has been published continuously since 1859.

The Records Committee (BOURC) is a committee of the BOU established to maintain the British List, the official list of birds recorded in Great Britain.

BOU is headquartered in Peterborough and is a registered charity in England & Wales and Scotland.
Caleb Chan (composer)
Caleb Chan is a Canadian composer, music producer, and multi-instrumentalist. He is best known as the composer for CBS's Boston Blue, Netflix's North of North, Amazon and Wonder Project's It's Not Like That, Nickelodeon's The Fairly OddParents: A New Wish & The Thundermans Return, Lego Dreamzzz, Alert: Missing Persons Unit, Sam Raimi's Roku series 50 States of Fright, Sony Pictures Television's Panhandle, and Allegiance for CBC. He has worked extensively on animated series such as Netflix's Angry Birds: Summer Madness, DreamWorks Animation's Team Zenko Go and Apple TV+'s Pinecone & Pony. He was also a longtime contributor to the My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic franchise. In 2024, he was named SOCAN's Breakout Composer of the Year. He has been nominated for five Canadian Screen Awards, and is a Canadian Screen Music Awards and four-time Leo Award winner. He is also a recipient of a Reelworld Film Festival Trailblazer Award.

The Fairly OddParents: A New Wish
The Fairly OddParents: A New Wish is an American animated television series developed by Daniel Abramovici, Ashleigh Crystal Hairston, Lindsay Katai, and Dave Stone. It is a reboot/revival series, but serves as a sequel to the Nickelodeon animated series The Fairly OddParents (2001–2017), created by Butch Hartman. It is the third television series in the overall franchise, ignoring the events of The Fairly OddParents: Fairly Odder (2022). The series premiered in the United States with a sneak peek on May 17, 2024, and officially premiered on May 20. The first 10 episodes were released internationally on Netflix on November 14, 2024, with the last 10 episodes releasing on June 12, 2025, referred to as "Season 2" on the streamer.
British Pentathlon
The  British Pentathlon is a professional darts event consisting of five different disciplines. It was first established in 1975, run by the British Darts Organisation and subsequently the World Darts Federation. A women's event was established in 2004.

The event is invitational and has twenty competitors. Martin Adams has won it 13 times and John Lowe won it ten times. The women's event has been won eight times by Trina Gulliver. Other multiple winners include Eric Bristow, Phil Taylor, John Walton and Andy Fordham.

John Lowe (darts player)
John Lowe (born 21 July 1945) is an English former professional darts player who was one of the most prominent throwers from the late 1970s onwards. Lowe was world champion on three occasions, in 1979, 1987 and 1993. He was also a two-time winner of the World Masters and lifted the World Cup singles title on two occasions. In total, Lowe won 15 BDO and WDF majors. He held the World No. 1 ranking on four occasions. In October 1984, he became the first player to hit a televised nine-dart finish.

Lowe is one of only six players to have been world champion three or more times and was the first person to win it in three separate decades, one of only two players to do so. Amidst growing dissatisfaction with the British Darts Organisation, Lowe was also one of 16 players who in 1993 broke away to form their own governing body, the World Darts Council (now known as the Professional Darts Corporation).
Vertigo (The Necks album)
Vertigo is the eighteenth album by Australian improvised music trio The Necks (thirteenth excluding live and soundtrack albums), first released on the Fish of Milk label in 2015 in Australia, on ReR Megacorp in Europe, and on the Northern Spy label in the US.

The Necks
The Necks are an Australian avant-garde jazz trio formed in 1987 by founding mainstays Chris Abrahams on piano and Hammond organ, Tony Buck on drums, percussion and electric guitar, and Lloyd Swanton on bass guitar and double bass. They play long improvisation pieces of up to over an hour in length that explore the development and demise of repeating musical figures characteristic of the New York school of long-form minimal music as practiced by La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Steve Reich and Rhys Chatham; they also incorporate the free improvisation jazz music of Cecil Taylor.

Their double LP studio album Unfold was named by Rolling Stone as "one of the top 20 avant albums of 2017." In 2020, the Necks were listed at number 49 in Rolling Stone Australia's "50 Greatest Australian Artists of All Time" issue.
Taiwan Shoufu University
Taiwan Shoufu University (TSU; Chinese: 台灣首府大學; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-oân Siú-hú Tāi-ha̍k) is a private university in Madou District, Tainan, Taiwan, and runs independently with 2 hotels in Kaohsiung.

TSU offers a variety of undergraduate and graduate programs in fields such as engineering, management, social sciences, and humanities.

TSU also has a number of research centers and institutes focused on areas such as sustainable energy, smart agriculture, and digital transformation.

The university was closed in 2023.

Madou District
Madou District (Chinese: 麻豆區; pinyin: Mádòu Qū; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Môa-tāu-khu) is a district of about 43,071 residents in Tainan special municipality, Taiwan. It owes its name to the Siraya language word Mattau. Mattau was one of the four core Sirayan villages during much of Taiwan's colonial history and figured heavily in the formation of colonial policy in Dutch Formosa. Currently, it is a well-known town in Tainan for its local culinary specialties and historical sites, and has become more prosperous in recent five years due to the presence of two universities. As an example of the increased attention Madou is receiving, the New Year Countdown Night for 2006 in Tainan was held at Madou Junior High School.
Ann Pirvu
Ann Pirvu (born May 25, 1987) is a Romanian-Canadian actress and producer from Toronto, Ontario. She is best known for her roles in the television series Reign, Remedy, The Girlfriend Experience and Workin' Moms.

Remedy (TV series)
Remedy is a Canadian medical drama series which premiered on Global on February 24, 2014. It ran for two seasons.

The series starred Dillon Casey as Griffin Conner, a medical school dropout working as an orderly at the fictional Bethune General Hospital in Toronto, where his father Allen (Enrico Colantoni) is the chief of medical staff. The cast also included Genelle Williams, Sara Canning, Sarah Allen, Patrick McKenna, Catherine Disher, Matt Ward, Martha Burns and Niall Matter.

The series was produced by Indian Grove Productions. Production and casting were announced in fall 2013. On May 1, 2014, Global announced that Remedy had been renewed for a 10 episode second season. On May 22, 2015, show creator Greg Spottiswood tweeted that Global had cancelled Remedy.
Once Upon a Honeymoon
Once Upon a Honeymoon is a 1942 romantic comedy/drama starring Cary Grant, Ginger Rogers, and Walter Slezak, directed by Leo McCarey, and released by RKO Radio Pictures. It was nominated for the Oscar for Best Sound Recording (Stephen Dunn).

Leo McCarey
Thomas Leo McCarey (October 3, 1898 – July 5, 1969) was an American film director, screenwriter, and producer. He was involved in nearly 200 films, including the critically acclaimed Duck Soup, Make Way for Tomorrow, The Awful Truth, Going My Way, The Bells of St. Mary's, My Son John, and An Affair to Remember.

While focusing mainly on screwball comedies during the 1930s, McCarey turned towards producing more socially conscious and overtly religious films during the 1940s, ultimately finding success and acclaim in both genres. McCarey was one of the most popular and established comedy directors of the pre-World War II era.
Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery
Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery (Russian: Кирилло-Белозерский монастырь), known in English as White Lake St. Cyril's Monastery, is a male monastery of the Vologda Eparchy of the Russian Orthodox Church, located on the shore of Lake Siverskoye within the town of Kirillov, Russia which developed from a settlement (sloboda) that grew around the monastery. In the 15th to 17th centuries, it was one of the largest monasteries and most fortified fortresses in the Russian North.

The monastery was consecrated to the feast of the Dormition of the Theotokos, for which cause it was sometimes referred to as the Dormition Monastery of St. Cyril.

Kirillov (town)
Kirillov (Russian: Кири́ллов) is a town and the administrative center of Kirillovsky District in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the shores of Lakes Siverskoye and Dolgoye, 129 kilometers (80 mi) northwest of Vologda, the administrative center of the oblast. Population:  7,728 (2010 Census); 8,229 (2002 Census); 8,817 (1989 Soviet census).
Volume 5: Poetry for the Masses (SeaShedShitheadByTheSheSore)
Volume 5: Poetry for the Masses (SeaShedShitheadByTheSheSore) is the fifth extended play (EP) by American desert rock collective The Desert Sessions. Recorded in March 1999 at Rancho De La Luna, it was released by Man's Ruin Records on July 21, 1999. The album features eleven credited musicians, including Josh Homme, Dave Catching and Gene Trautmann. It was later re-released with Volume 6: Black Anvil Ego as Volumes 5 & 6.

Brant Bjork
Brant Bjork (born March 19, 1973) is an American musician, singer, songwriter and record producer. He is best known as the drummer and founder of the influential Californian stoner rock band Kyuss. Bjork has also been a member of Fu Manchu, Mondo Generator and Vista Chino, the latter with former Kyuss members John Garcia and Nick Oliveri. He is currently the frontman and co-founder of the stoner rock power trio, Stöner. Bjork is one of the more notable figures in the stoner rock and Palm Desert scene and maintains a prolific solo career with over a dozen released albums.
La Bastida, Totana
La Bastida de Totana is an archaeological site associated with the Argaric culture, located in the municipality of Totana, in the Region of Murcia, Spain. It is situated on a conical-shaped hill approximately 6 km west of Totana and was occupied between approximately 2200 and 1550 BC. It is one of the largest settlements (minimum estimate of 4.5 ha) from the early Bronze Age in continental Europe and is considered one of the most important settlements of recent European prehistory. It formed part of the network of Argaric central settlements, with early urban planning and evidence of political and economic inequalities.

In 2005, La Bastida was declared a Bien de Interés Cultural. Its long history of research, initiated in 1869, and the fieldwork conducted since 2008 by the Mediterranean Social Archaeoecology Research Group (ASOME) of the Autonomous University of Barcelona make it one of the best-known Argaric sites to date.

Totana
Totana is a municipality in the Region of Murcia in Spain. It has a population of 32008. The local economy is largely dependent on agriculture and related industries. It has a railway station providing a service on the Cercanías Murcia/Alicante commuter line, providing connections to Alicante and Murcia.
Walter Midener
Walter Midener (1912–1998) was a German born American artist.  He studied at the Berlin Academy of Arts (1932–1936), and received a Master of Arts (M.A.) from Wayne State University (1950). Midener settled in Detroit, Michigan where he became an influential sculptor and teacher. He was the head of the Sculpture Department of the Art School of the Society of Arts and Crafts, and president of The Center for Creative Studies. He received an honorary doctorate of fine arts from the Center for Creative Studies in 1997.

Midener was married to the collage artist Margaret "Peggy" Midener (née Mackenzie; 1925–2016) from 1947 until his death. Their daughter Wendy Froud is an internationally exhibited sculptor and doll artist, and the designer of puppets for films such as The Dark Crystal, Labyrinth, The Muppet Movie, and The Empire Strikes Back.

Wendy Froud
Wendy Froud (née Midener; born 1954) is an American doll-artist, sculptor, puppet-maker, and writer. She is best known for her work fabricating Yoda for the 1980 film Star Wars: The Empire Strikes Back, for which she has been called "the mother of Yoda", and creatures for the Jim Henson films The Dark Crystal and Labyrinth.
Lipkin Gorman v Karpnale Ltd
Lipkin Gorman v Karpnale Ltd [1988] UKHL 12 (6 June 1991) is a foundational English unjust enrichment case. The House of Lords unanimously established that the basis of an action for money had and received is the principle of unjust enrichment, and that an award of restitution is subject to a defence of change of position. This secured unjust enrichment as the third pillar in English law of the law of obligations, along with contract and tort.  It has been called a landmark decision.

Although the case is most famous for the transformative judgment handed down by the House of Lords in relation to restitution and unjust enrichment, the decision of the Court of Appeal is also an important banking law decision in its own right, setting out key principles relating to the duty of care owed by bankers to their customers.  There was no appeal against that part of the decision to the House of Lords.

Change of position
Change of position is a defence to a claim in unjust enrichment which operates to reduce a defendant's liability to the extent to which his or her circumstances have changed as a consequence of an enrichment.
São Paulo Media Center
The São Paulo Media Center, officially known as the São Paulo Educational Media Center (Portuguese: Centro de Mídias da Educação de São Paulo), or CMSP for short, was an educational web portal operated by the São Paulo State Department of Education (SEDUC-SP) that served the state's public schools.

Originally developed as an educational platform to deliver remote classes during the COVID-19 pandemic, it evolved into the primary educational resource for schools across the state of São Paulo. The website integrated various smaller platforms between 2023 and 2024, including both those owned by SEDUC-SP, such as Leia SP, and others that had been acquired, like EF Education First (called SPeak from June 2024).

CMSP was discontinued in 2025 due to the excess of educational platforms, reaching the apex of 15 platforms at the end of 2024. It was replaced by the educational portal Future Classroom.

Education in Brazil
Education in Brazil underwent multiple phases: it first began with Jesuit missions, that controlled education for a long time; then, two hundred years after their arrival, the Jesuits' powers were limited by the Marquis of Pombal; shortly after that, the Brazilian government took over education, which is now run by the government through the Ministry of Education.

Issues in education are now seen through PISA, the Programme for International Student Assessment, and the Idep assessment now used by the Ministry. They have historically tested below average on all topics but are improving in mathematics.

Brazil uses both public and private school systems. They have the traditional primary, secondary, tertiary and technical school levels.

The Human Rights Measurement Initiative finds that Brazil is doing 86.8% of what should be possible at its level of income for the right to education.
Limansky District
Limansky District (Russian: Лима́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eleven in Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 5,234 square kilometers (2,021 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Liman. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 31,952, with the population of Liman accounting for 28.2% of that number.

Liman, Astrakhan Oblast
Liman (Russian: Лима́н) is an urban-type settlement and the administrative center of Limansky District of Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. Population:  9,024 (2010 Census); 8,899 (2002 Census); 9,185 (1989 Soviet census).
Motion Sickness (album)
Motion Sickness: Live Recordings is a live album by Bright Eyes. Documenting the I'm Wide Awake, It's Morning tours from the first half of 2005, Motion Sickness is a compilation of live tracks, including covers of Feist and Elliott Smith. It comes with a 24-page booklet featuring an extensive tour diary written by Jason Boesel (Bright Eyes live band/Rilo Kiley).

This album is the sixth release of Team Love Records.

Bright Eyes (band)
Bright Eyes is an American indie rock band founded in Omaha, Nebraska by singer-songwriter and guitarist Conor Oberst. It consists of Oberst, multi-instrumentalist and producer Mike Mogis, arranger, composer, trumpet and piano player Nate Walcott, and a rotating line-up of collaborators drawn primarily from Omaha's indie music scene.

Between 1998 and 2011, the band's albums were released through Saddle Creek Records, a Nebraska-based label founded by Justin Oberst (Conor's brother) and Mogis. In January 2020, the band announced their return, having signed with Dead Oceans. Their most recent album, Five Dice, All Threes, was released in September 2024.
Homotopical algebra
In mathematics, homotopical algebra is a collection of concepts comprising the nonabelian aspects of homological algebra, and possibly the abelian aspects as special cases.  The homotopical nomenclature stems from the fact that a  common approach to such generalizations is via abstract homotopy theory, as in nonabelian algebraic topology, and in particular the theory of closed model categories.

This subject has received much attention in recent years due to new foundational work of Vladimir Voevodsky, Eric Friedlander, Andrei Suslin, and others resulting in the A1 homotopy theory for quasiprojective varieties over a field.  Voevodsky has used this new algebraic homotopy theory to prove the Milnor conjecture (for which he was awarded the Fields Medal) and later, in collaboration with Markus Rost, the full Bloch–Kato conjecture.

Model category
In mathematics, particularly in homotopy theory, a model category is a category with distinguished classes of morphisms ('arrows') called 'weak equivalences', 'fibrations' and 'cofibrations' satisfying certain axioms relating them. These abstract from the category of topological spaces or of chain complexes (derived category theory). The concept was introduced by Daniel G. Quillen (1967).

In recent decades, the language of model categories has been used in some parts of algebraic K-theory and algebraic geometry, where homotopy-theoretic approaches led to deep results.
Tom Brooke
Thomas Brooke (born 1978) is an English actor. He is best known for playing the roles of Thick Kevin in The Boat That Rocked (2009), Bill Wiggins and Andy Apsted in the BBC One television series Sherlock and Bodyguard respectively, Fiore in the AMC television series Preacher and as MI5 agent J.K. Coe in Slow Horses.

Slow Horses
Slow Horses is a British spy thriller television series based on the Slough House series of novels by Mick Herron, created for television by Will Smith. It follows an MI5 unit where disgraced or failed agents are consigned, under the supervision of Jackson Lamb (Gary Oldman). It also stars Jack Lowden, Kristin Scott Thomas, Jonathan Pryce, Saskia Reeves, Rosalind Eleazar, Christopher Chung and Aimee-Ffion Edwards.

The series premiered on Apple TV+ on 1 April 2022 to highly positive reviews. The first five series have adapted the novels Slow Horses, Dead Lions, Real Tigers, Spook Street, and London Rules, respectively. Slow Horses has been renewed for a sixth and seventh series, based on the novels Joe Country and Slough House (series 6) and Bad Actors (series 7).
Hiwassee Scenic River State Park
The Hiwassee Scenic River State Park is a Tennessee state park in Polk County, Tennessee, United States, that provides access to the Hiwassee River.

In 1972, a 23-mile (37 km) stretch of the Hiwassee River, extending from the North Carolina state line to U.S. Route 411, was the first river to be designated by the State Scenic River Program. In September 2025, the park, which had been called the Hiwassee/Ocoee Scenic River State Park since 1983, was split into two separate parks with each taking the name of their respective river.

Polk County, Tennessee
Polk County is a county located in the southeastern corner of the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 17,544. Its county seat is Benton. The county was created on November 28, 1839, from parts of Bradley and McMinn counties, after final removal of most Cherokee from the region that year. The county was named after then-governor (and future president) James K. Polk. Polk County is included in the Cleveland, Tennessee Metropolitan Area Statistical Area, which is also included in the Chattanooga–Cleveland–Dalton, TN–GA–AL Combined Statistical Area.
Demolition Ranch
Demolition Ranch was a firearms YouTube channel owned by Matt Carriker, a YouTuber based in Boerne, Texas. The channel was active between 2011 and 2025, when Carriker announced his retirement from YouTube.

Boerne, Texas
Boerne (/ˈbɜːrni/ BURN-ee) is a city in and the county seat of Kendall County, Texas, United States, in the Texas Hill Country. Founded in 1849 as Tusculum, German settlers changed its name to Boerne, in honor of author and satirist Ludwig Börne, when it was platted in 1852. Boerne is known for its German-Texan history. Its population was 10,471 at the 2010 census, and in 2020 the population was 17,850. The city is noted for the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case City of Boerne v. Flores.

Boerne is part of the San Antonio–New Braunfels metropolitan statistical area.
Menachem Cohen (architect)
Menachem Cohen (Hebrew: מנחם כהן) is an Israeli architect. His first commissioned project, in 1957, was Tel Aviv City Hall. The recently graduated Cohen had been selected in a competition over more experienced architects.

Tel Aviv City Hall
Tel Aviv City Hall (Hebrew: בית עיריית תל אביב, romanized: Beit Iriyat Tel Aviv) is the municipal government center of Tel Aviv, Israel. It houses the mayor's office, the meeting chambers and offices of the Tel Aviv City Council.