hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
28th Louisiana Infantry Regiment
The 28th Louisiana Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment from Louisiana that served in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. It was also known as Gray's Regiment to differentiate it from the 28th (Thomas') Louisiana Infantry Regiment, which was also numbered as 29th. Raised in 1862, it served in the Trans-Mississippi Theater and along the Gulf Coast until it was disbanded in 1865.

Battle of Fort Bisland
The Battle of Fort Bisland was fought in the American Civil War between Union Major General Nathaniel P. Banks against Confederate Major General Richard Taylor during Banks' operations against the Bayou Teche region in southern Louisiana.
Chance seedling
A chance seedling is a plant that is the product of unintentional breeding.

Identifying the parent plants of a chance seedling may be difficult. It may be necessary to genetically analyse the seedling and surrounding plants to be sure. Plants that come from the artificial union of gametes from a maternal and paternal source are not chance seedlings.

A chance seedling may be a genetically unique individual with desirable characteristics that is then intentionally bred. The Kindred Spirit Hybrid Oak and the Granny Smith, Wolf River, Lady Alice, Red Delicious, Gravenstein, Braeburn, Samarbehisht Chausa, Calville Blanc d'hiver, Belle de Boskoop and Baldwin apples are examples of varieties that started with chance seedlings that were selected and assigned cultivar status owing to their desirable properties.

Baldwin (apple)
The Baldwin apple is a bright red winter apple, very good in quality, and easily shipped. It was for many years the most popular apple in New England, New York, and for export from the United States of America. No apple in the vicinity of Boston was so popular as Baldwin. It has also been known as 'Calville Butter', 'Felch', 'Late Baldwin', 'Pecker', 'Red Baldwin's Pippin', 'Steele's Red Winter', and 'Woodpecker'.

The Baldwin was one of four apples honored by the United States Postal Service in a 2013 set of four 33¢ stamps commemorating historic strains, joined by Northern Spy, Golden Delicious, and Granny Smith.
Richardson Stadium (Kingston)
Richardson Stadium, officially named George Taylor Richardson Memorial Stadium, is the football stadium for Queen's University, in Kingston, Ontario. The stadium is primarily used for Canadian football but also has hosted other sporting events such as soccer and rugby.

There has been a stadium at Queen's University since 1921, all using the same name. A second stadium was built in 1971 to replace the first. This was replaced in 2016 when the third and most current version was opened. The current stadium has a seating capacity of over 8,000.

The facilities are named in memory of George Taylor Richardson, a Queen's graduate renowned for his athleticism and sportsmanship who died in the First World War.

George Richardson (ice hockey)
George Taylor Richardson (September 14, 1886 – February 9, 1916) was a Canadian ice hockey player, businessman and soldier. Richardson played hockey for Queen's University and the 14th Regiment of Kingston, and was considered one of the finest amateurs of his time. He is enshrined in the Hockey Hall of Fame, and is the namesake of the George Richardson Memorial Trophy. Richardson was part of a prominent business family that owned and operated a grain processing business in Kingston, Ontario. He joined the Canadian Expeditionary Force in the First World War, and died in action in Belgium.
Krystyna Zabawska
Krystyna Danilczyk-Zabawska (born 14 January 1968) is a former Polish shot putter.

She was born as Krystyna Danilczyk in Kopczany near Lipsk nad Biebrzą. She lives in Białystok. Her husband and former coach is Przemysław Zabawski, also a former shot putter.

Kopczany
Kopczany [kɔpˈt͡ʂanɨ], (Lithuanian: Kapčionys), is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lipsk, within Augustów County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland, close to the border with Belarus.
Paravaigal Palavitham
Paravaigal Palavitham (transl. Birds of different sorts) is a 1988 Indian Tamil-language masala film directed by Robert–Rajasekar. The film stars Ramki and Nirosha. It was released on 2 December 1988. The film was remade in Telugu as Chinnari Sneham.

Nirosha
Nirosha is an Indian actress. She is known for her works predominantly in Tamil film industry. She has also starred in a  few Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada and was popular in the 1990s. She has a elder sister Radhika Sarathkumar, who is also an actress and two brothers, Raju and Mohan. She also has two half-brothers Radha Ravi and M.R.R Vasu.
Karol Marcinkowski
Karol Marcinkowski (23 June 1800 in Posen, Kingdom of Prussia, today Poznań in Poland–6 November 1846) was a Polish physician, social activist in the Greater Poland region (also called the Grand Duchy of Posen), supporter of the basic education (Praca organiczna) programmes, organizer of the Scientific Help Society (Towarzystwo Pomocy Naukowej) and the Poznań Bazar (Bazar Poznański) - the Polish mall in Poznań that included a hotel, meeting rooms, crafts and shops.

Grand Duchy of Posen
The Grand Duchy of Posen (German: Großherzogtum Posen; Polish: Wielkie Księstwo Poznańskie) was part of the Kingdom of Prussia, created from territories annexed by Prussia after the Partitions of Poland, and formally established following the Congress of Vienna in 1815. On 9 February 1849, the Prussian administration renamed the grand duchy the Province of Posen. Its former name was unofficially used afterward for denoting the territory, especially by Poles, and today is used by modern historians to refer to different political entities until 1918. Its capital was Posen (Polish: Poznań). The title of Grand Duke of Posen remained until 1918 to the King of Prussia.
While You Were Sleeping (2017 TV series)
While You Were Sleeping (Korean: 당신이 잠든 사이에; RR: Dangsini jamdeun saie) is a 2017 South Korean television series starring Lee Jong-suk, Bae Suzy, Lee Sang-yeob, Jung Hae-in, and Ko Sung-hee. Consisting of sixteen chapters distributed over 16 episodes, this legal drama-fantasy television series centers on the lives on three young adults—a field reporter, a prosecutor, and a police officer—who have acquired the ability to foresee future events through their dreams, after saving each other many years ago.

The series is directed by Oh Chung-hwan and written by Park Hye-ryun. It aired on SBS from September 27 to November 16, 2017, on Wednesdays and Thursdays at the 22:00 (KST). The drama completed filming and editing before airing the pilot episode. The drama is available on online streaming services such as Netflix, Viki, KOCOWA and Viu. iQIYI also broadcasts the drama.

Oh Chung-hwan
Oh Chung-hwan (Korean: 오충환) is a South Korean drama television director best known for his television dramas series My Love from the Star (2013–2014), The Doctors (2016), While You Were Sleeping (2017), Hotel del Luna (2019), Start-Up (2020), Big Mouth (2022), and Castaway Diva (2023).
Leonid Kanevsky
Leonid Semyonoviсh Kanevski (Ukrainian: Леонід Семенович Каневський, Russian: Леони́д Семёнович Кане́вский, Hebrew: לאוניד קנבסקי; 2 May 1939, Kyiv, Ukrainian SSR USSR)  is a Soviet, Russian and Israeli actor. He became popular with the Soviet audience after starring in  The Investigation Is Conducted by ZnaToKi detective series where he appeared as major Tomin.

The Diamond Arm
The Diamond Arm (Russian: Бриллиантовая рука Brilliantovaya ruka) is a Soviet crime comedy film made by Mosfilm and first released in 1969. The film was directed by director Leonid Gaidai and starred several famous Soviet actors, including Yuri Nikulin, Andrei Mironov, Anatoli Papanov, Nonna Mordyukova and Svetlana Svetlichnaya. The Diamond Arm has become a Russian cult film and is considered by many Russian contemporaries to be one of the finest comedies of all time. It was also one of the all-time leaders at the Soviet box office with over 76,700,000 theatre admissions in the Soviet era. The plot of the film was based on a real-life news item about Swiss smugglers who tried to transport jewels in an orthopedic cast.
Barry Diller
Barry Charles Diller (born February 2, 1942) is an American billionaire businessman. He is chairman and senior executive of IAC and Expedia Group and founded the Fox Broadcasting Company with Rupert Murdoch and USA Broadcasting. Diller was inducted into the Television Hall of Fame in 1994.

Television Academy Hall of Fame
The Television Academy Hall of Fame honors individuals who have made extraordinary contributions to U.S. television. The hall of fame was founded by former Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (ATAS) president John H. Mitchell (1921–88). Inductions are not held annually.
Thomas Mitchell (explorer)
Sir Thomas Livingstone Mitchell (15 June 1792 – 5 October 1855), often called Major Mitchell, was a Scottish surveyor and explorer of Southeastern Australia. He was born in Scotland and served in the British Army during the Peninsular War. In 1827 he took up an appointment as Assistant Surveyor General of New South Wales. The following year he became Surveyor General and remained in this position until his death. Mitchell was knighted in 1839 for his contribution to the surveying of Australia.

Nyngan
Nyngan (/ˈnɪŋɡən/) is a town in the centre of New South Wales, Australia, in the Bogan Shire local government area within the Orana Region of central New South Wales. At the 2016 census, Nyngan had a population of 1,988 people. Nyngan is situated on the Bogan River between Narromine and Bourke, on the junction of the Mitchell Highway and Barrier Highway, 656 km (408 mi) south of Charleville and 576 km (358 mi) north-west of Sydney by road. The Barrier Highway starts at Nyngan, and runs west to Cobar and on through Wilcannia and Broken Hill into South Australia.

Nyngan Airport is a small airport just north of the town centre. Nyngan also lies on the Main Western railway line of New South Wales but is no longer served by passenger trains. The line remains open to freight traffic.

About 70 km (43 mi) south of the town, a cairn was erected in 1988 marking the centre of NSW.
Upper Bay Bridge
The Upper Bay Bridge, or the Lehigh Valley Railroad Bridge, is a vertical lift bridge spanning the Newark Bay in northeastern New Jersey. It is used by CSX Transportation travelling through the North Jersey Shared Assets Area of the United States rail network along the National Docks Secondary line. The bridge is just north and parallel to the New Jersey Turnpike's Newark Bay Bridge. A notable train using the bridge is the Juice Train, which originates in Florida.

Newark Bay
Newark Bay is a tidal bay at the confluence of the Passaic and Hackensack Rivers in northeastern New Jersey. It is home to the Port Newark-Elizabeth Marine Terminal, the largest container shipping facility in Port of New York and New Jersey, the second busiest in the United States. An estuary, it is periodically dredged to accommodate seafaring ships.
Music Mountain Junior/Senior High School
Music Mountain Junior/Senior High School is a junior and senior high school grades 7 through 12 in Peach Springs, Arizona, established in 2001 and was closed in 2008. Starting in the 2022/23 school year, the school was reopened and is again serving the community of Peach Springs.  It is part of the Peach Springs Unified School District, which currently has an Elementary, Junior/Senior High School and an Arizona Online Academy (AOI) called Music Mountain Academy.

It was a former member of the Arizona Interscholastic Association, staying in its records through 2005. In that year, it enrolled 50 students in grades 9 through 12. Music Mountain Junior/Senior High School closed in 2008.

Peach Springs, Arizona
Peach Springs (Walapai: Hàkđugwi:v) is a census-designated place (CDP) in Mohave County, Arizona, United States. The population was 1,098 at the 2020 census. Peach Springs serves as the administrative headquarters of the Hualapai people and is located on the Hualapai Reservation.
Allison Smith (actress)
Allison Smith (born December 9, 1969) is an American actress, singer, writer and director, best known for her work on television as Mallory O'Brien in Aaron Sorkin's Emmy Award-winning NBC drama The West Wing and for starring on Broadway in the title role Annie. She also played the role of Jennie Lowell on the 1980s Emmy Award-winning sitcom Kate & Allie. In addition to starring in Annie, Smith has also appeared on stage in a host of other roles, including a part in the original Broadway production of Evita (alongside Patti LuPone and Mandy Patinkin), a starring role in the Los Angeles premiere production of David Mamet's Oleanna, and supporting roles in Peter Parnell's QED (opposite Alan Alda), and the musical The Education Of Randy Newman, in which she played Randy Newman's first wife.

Kate & Allie
Kate & Allie is an American sitcom television series that aired on CBS from March 19, 1984, to May 22, 1989, starring Susan Saint James and Jane Curtin as two divorced mothers who decide to live together and raise their children in the same home. The series was created by Sherry Coben.
Marcus Cominius Secundus
Marcus Cominius Secundus was a Roman senator, who was active during the reign of Marcus Aurelius. He was suffect consul in one of the later nundinia of 151 with Lucius Attidius Cornelianus as his colleague. He is known from inscriptions and military diplomas issued during his time.

Ronald Syme has observed that "Cominius looks Italian (of low degree, no consul of that name hitherto), but a provincial origin is not excluded, possibly Narbonensian."

Two offices in the imperial service are known for Secundus. The first was as legatus legionis or commander of Legio V Macedonica in Lower Moesia during the governorship of Lucius Minicius Natalis Quadronius Verus; this fell in the years 141 through 144. The second was immediately before his consulship, when Cominius Secundus was governor of the imperial province of Pannonia Inferior from around 147 to 150.

Pannonia Inferior
Pannonia Inferior, lit. Lower Pannonia, was a province of the Roman Empire. Its capital was Sirmium. It was one of the border provinces on the Danube. It was formed in the year 103 AD by Emperor Trajan who divided the former province of Pannonia into two parts: Pannonia Superior and Pannonia Inferior. The province included parts of present-day states of Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The province was bordered to the east (across the Danube) by a Sarmatian tribe—the Iazyges. Later, the Vandals appeared to the north-east.
Hasse's theorem on elliptic curves
Hasse's theorem on elliptic curves, also referred to as the Hasse bound, provides an estimate of the number of points on an elliptic curve over a finite field, bounding the value both above and below.

If N is the number of points on the elliptic curve E over a finite field with  q elements, then Hasse's result states that

The reason is that N differs from q + 1, the number of points of the projective line over the same field, by an 'error term' that is the sum of two complex numbers, each of absolute value

This result had originally been conjectured by Emil Artin in his thesis.  It was proven by Hasse in 1933, with the proof published in a series of papers in 1936.

Hasse's theorem is equivalent to the determination of the absolute value of the roots of the local zeta-function of E.  In this form it can be seen to be the analogue of the Riemann hypothesis for the function field associated with the elliptic curve.

Helmut Hasse
Helmut Hasse (German: [ˈhasə]; 25 August 1898 – 26 December 1979) was a German mathematician working in algebraic number theory, known for fundamental contributions to class field theory, the application of p-adic numbers to local class field theory and diophantine geometry (Hasse principle), and to local zeta functions.
Elli Ochowicz
Elizabeth Kristine "Elli" Ochowicz (born December 15, 1983) is an Olympic speed skater who has competed in the three Winter Olympics.

Ochowicz was born in Waukesha, Wisconsin, to Jim Ochowicz and Sheila Young. After beginning her training in the Milwaukee area, she moved to Salt Lake City to continue training. She graduated from The Winter Sports School in Park City in fall 2002.

Ochowicz competed in the 2002, 2006 and 2010 Winter Olympics. As of 2010, she lived in Palo Alto, California.

Jim Ochowicz
Jim Ochowicz (born December 23, 1951) is a former Olympic bicyclist and manager of UCI WorldTeam CCC Pro Team. He served as president of the USA Cycling Board of Directors from 2002 to 2006.

Ochowicz participated in the 1972 Summer Olympics in the 4 km team pursuit cycling event. He was inducted into the United States Bicycling Hall of Fame in 1997 as a contributor to the sport of cycling.
Antônio Prado Square
Antônio Prado Square (Portuguese: Praça Antônio Prado), formerly known as Largo do Rosário, is located in the Sé district of the Brazilian city of São Paulo. São Bento, João Brícola and Quinze de Novembro streets intersect at the square.

São Bento Street
São Bento Street (Portuguese: Rua São Bento) is a historic road located in the Sé district, in the center of the Brazilian city of São Paulo. It starts at Largo São Francisco, next to José Bonifácio Street, and passes through Patriarca Square, Direita Street, Quitanda Street, Largo do Café, Miguel Couto Street and Antonio Prado Square. It ends at Boa Vista Street, in Largo São Bento. Currently, it is predominantly commercial. It includes the Martinelli Building, whose main entrance is accessed from São Bento Street.
Brahmeswara Temple
Brahmeswara Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva located in Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, erected at the end of the 9th century CE, is richly carved inside and out. This Hindu temple can be dated with fair accuracy by the use of inscriptions that were originally on the temple. They are now lost, but records of them preserve the information of around 1058 CE. The temple is built in the 18th regnal year of the Somavamsi king Udyotakesari by his mother Kolavati Devi, which corresponds to 1058 CE.

Somavamshi dynasty
The Somavamshi (IAST: Somavaṃśī, "Lunar dynasty") or Keshari (IAST: Keśarī) dynasty ruled parts of present-day Odisha in eastern India between the 9th and the 12th centuries. Their capitals included Yayatinagara (modern Binka) and Abhinava-Yayatinagara (modern Jajpur).

The Somavamshis may have been related to the Panduvamshis, who ruled the Dakshina Kosala region in central India. They were probably driven out from this region by the Kalachuris, following which they conquered the Kalinga and the Utkala regions in present-day Odisha, supplanting the Bhauma-Karas.

The Somavamshis introduced a new style of art and architecture in Odisha, and their rule saw a remarkable shift from Buddhism to Hinduism in the region. The Somavamshi rule ended in the early 12th century, when the Eastern Ganga ruler Anantavarman Chodaganga captured their territories.
Paul McNaughton
Paul Peter Patrick McNaughton (18 November 1952 – November 2022) was an Irish rugby union, soccer and GAA player during the 1970s and 1980s. He was also manager of the Irish Rugby Team, a position he held from 2008 to 2011. He played rugby as a centre, with Leinster, Ireland, Chicago Lions, Los Angeles Rugby Club, Greystones and Wanderers. Although better known as a rugby player, he also played soccer for both Shelbourne and Bray Wanderers A.F.C. To add to his array of sporting achievements, McNaughton represented Wicklow GAA in both senior football and minor hurling, making him the only person to play three sports in Ireland's national stadiums.

Greystones RFC
Greystones Rugby Football Club is a rugby union club based in Greystones, County Wicklow in the Republic of Ireland, playing in Division 2A of the All-Ireland League. The club was formed in 1937. They won their first trophy in  
1944 when they won the Metropolitan League  
.
Tagus, North Dakota
Tagus (/ˈteɪɡəs/ TAY-gəs) is a ghost town in Mountrail County, North Dakota, United States. The town was founded in 1900, approximately forty miles west of Minot and along the Great Northern Railway's transcontinental route. It was incorporated in 1908 and reached a peak population of 140 in 1940. It was originally named Wallace, but was later renamed Tagus to avoid confusion with the town of Wallace, Idaho. It was named after the Tagus river, the longest river in the Iberian Peninsula.

Tagus reported a population of just 14 during the 1970 Census, and the town disincorporated after its last business closed in 1976. The area is now part of Egan Township. In 2001, the sole remaining church was destroyed by fire, and local residents attribute the fire to vandalism. The spot is now marked by a memorial plaque. Tagus is now primarily abandoned, with a handful of residents and numerous vacant structures.

Mountrail County, North Dakota
Mountrail County is a county in the northwestern part of North Dakota, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,809, and was estimated to be 9,474 in 2024. The county seat is Stanley and the largest city is New Town.

The county was originally created in 1873, then removed in 1892, and annexed by Ward County. It was re-created and organized in 1909.

The county is home to the headquarters of the Three Affiliated Tribes of the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara people, and a large part of the county belongs to the tribe's Fort Berthold reservation.
Jan Nevens
Jan Nevens (born 26 August 1958) is a Belgian former professional road bicycle racer. Nevens won the 8th stage of the 1992 Tour de France. He also competed in the individual road race event at the 1980 Summer Olympics.

1992 Tour de France
The 1992 Tour de France was the 79th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 4 to 26 July. The total race distance was 21 stages and a prologue over 3,978 km (2,472 mi). In honor of the Maastricht Treaty, which created the European Union, the Tour visited a record seven countries: France, Spain, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Luxembourg and Italy.
Offutt Lake, Washington
Offutt Lake is an unincorporated community in Thurston County, in the U.S. state of Washington. The community is situated around Offutt Lake and is east of Millersylvania State Park. The populated area of Skookumchuck lies to the east and the city of Tenino is roughly south.

Thurston County, Washington
Thurston County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 294,793. The county seat is Olympia, the state capital.

Thurston County was created out of Lewis County by the government of Oregon Territory on January 12, 1852. At that time, it covered all of the Puget Sound region and the Olympic Peninsula. On December 22 of the same year, Pierce, King, Island, and Jefferson counties were split off from Thurston County. It is named after Samuel R. Thurston, the Oregon Territory's first delegate to Congress. Today, the county includes the southernmost part of the South Puget Sound and areas south along the I-5 corridor.

Thurston County comprises the Olympia–Lacey–Tumwater, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Seattle–Tacoma, WA Combined Statistical Area.