hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Saltash
Saltash (Cornish: Essa) is a town and civil parish in eastern Cornwall, England. Saltash faces the city of Plymouth over the River Tamar and is popularly known as "the Gateway to Cornwall". Saltash’s landmarks include the Tamar Bridge which connects Plymouth to Cornwall by road, and the Royal Albert Bridge. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 16,288 and the population of the built up area was 15,435.

Ancient borough
An ancient borough was a historic unit of lower-tier local government in England and Wales. The ancient boroughs covered only important towns and were established by charters granted at different times by the monarchy. Their history is largely concerned with the origin of such towns and how they gained the right of self-government. Ancient boroughs were reformed by the Municipal Corporations Act 1835, which introduced directly elected corporations and allowed the incorporation of new industrial towns. Municipal boroughs ceased to be used for the purposes of local government in 1974, with borough status retained as an honorific title granted to some post-1974 local government districts by the Crown.
Temple of Minerva, Assisi
The Temple of Minerva (Italian: Tempio di Minerva) is an ancient Roman building located in Assisi, Umbria, central Italy. Since 1539, it has housed the church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, which was renovated in the Baroque style during the 17th century.

Assisi
Assisi (/əˈsiːsi/, also US: /-iːzi, əˈsɪsi, -ɪzi/; Italian: [asˈsiːzi]; from Latin: Asisium; Central Italian: Ascesi) is a town and comune of Italy in the Province of Perugia in the Umbria region, on the western flank of Monte Subasio.

It is generally regarded as the birthplace of the Latin poet Propertius, born around 50–45 BC. It is the birthplace of St. Francis, who founded the Order of Friars Minor in that town in 1208, and of St. Clare of Assisi (Chiara d'Offreducci), who, with St. Francis, founded the Order of Poor Ladies, which later became the Order of Poor Clares after her death. In 1838, St. Gabriel of Our Lady of Sorrows was also born in Assisi.
11th arrondissement of Paris
The 11th arrondissement of Paris (XIe arrondissement) is one of the 20 arrondissements of the capital city of France. In spoken French, the arrondissement is referred to as le onzième ([ɔ̃zjɛm]; "the eleventh").

The arrondissement, called Popincourt, is situated on the right bank of the River Seine. It is one of the most densely populated urban districts of any European city. In 2020, it had a population of 144,292. It is the best-served Parisian arrondissement in terms of number of Métro stations, at 25.

Its borders are marked by three large squares: the Place de la République to the northwest, the Place de la Bastille to the southwest, as well as the Place de la Nation to the southeast.

Place de la Nation
The Place de la Nation (French pronunciation: [plas də la nɑsjɔ̃]; formerly the Place du Trône [- tʁon], subsequently the Place du Trône-Renversé [- ʁɑ̃vɛʁse] during the French Revolution) is a circle on the eastern side of Paris, between the Place de la Bastille and the Bois de Vincennes, on the border of the 11th and 12th arrondissements. Widely known for having the most active guillotines during the Revolution, the square acquired its current name on Bastille Day, 14 July 1880, under the Third Republic.

The square includes a large bronze sculpture by Aimé-Jules Dalou, the Triumph of the Republic, depicting the personification of France, Marianne, and is encircled by shops and a flower garden. It is served by the Paris Metro station Nation.
Pasadena Panthers
The Pasadena Panthers were an amateur ice hockey team from Pasadena, California, United States. Originally members of the Southern California Hockey League, the team was among the clubs who formed a reconstituted Pacific Coast Hockey League in 1944.

Pacific Coast Hockey League
The Pacific Coast Hockey League was an ice hockey minor league with teams in the western United States and western Canada that existed in three incarnations: from 1928 to 1931, from 1936 to 1941, and from 1944 to 1952.
Guadalupito
Guadalupito is a town in Northern Peru, capital of the district of Guadalupito in the region La Libertad. This town is located about 118 km south of Trujillo city and is primarily an agricultural center in the Chao Valley.

Chao Valley
Chao Valley is an area located at south of Virú Valley in La Libertad Region, northern Peru. It has significant agricultural resources, notably asparagus and blueberries. The valley rises up on both sides of the Chao River.
LSR/CITY
LSR/CITY (pronounced "laser city") is an electronic dance music project and immersive concert experience created by British DJ and producer Gareth Emery. The project integrates music, synchronized laser displays, 3D digital visuals, and live performance elements. It follows Emery's Laserface tour, which was recognized for its use of advanced laser technology.

Gareth Emery
Gareth Thomas Rhys Emery (born 18 July 1980) is a British trance music producer and DJ. Best known for his first three studio albums Northern Lights, Drive and 100 Reasons to Live, he is considered as one of the most influential trance artists in the first 20 years of 21st century, and has won A State of Trance Tune of the Year award three times.
Tranmere, Tasmania
Tranmere (palawa kani: trumanyapayna) is a rural residential locality in the local government area (LGA) of Clarence in the Hobart LGA region of Tasmania. The locality is about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) south-east of the town of Rosny Park. The 2016 census recorded a population of 1701 for the state suburb of Tranmere.
It is a suburb of greater Hobart. It is accessed from, and shares a border with Howrah, which lies to its north. Rokeby lies to its east. Historically referred to as

Tranmere is a riverside suburb, with views across the Derwent River to the Hobart city centre.

Local government areas of Tasmania
The councils of Tasmania are the 29 local administrative units of the Australian state of Tasmania. Local government areas (LGAs), more generally known as councils, are the tier of government responsible for the management of local duties such as road maintenance, town planning and waste management.
Barnsby Saddles
Barnsby Saddles was a saddlery based in Walsall, England.  At its peak, it was among the top five saddlery businesses in the world, exporting saddles and other leather goods all over the world.  The company made ceremonial equipment for many military units round the world, including the Royal Horse Artillery, the Household Cavalry and various Police Forces.

Household Cavalry
The Household Cavalry (HCAV) is a corps of the Household Division that is made up of the two most senior regiments of the British Army – The Life Guards and The Blues and Royals (Royal Horse Guards and 1st Dragoons). They have taken part in every major conflict since 1660. These regiments are divided between the Household Cavalry Regiment stationed at Wing Barracks in Wiltshire, with an armored reconnaissance role, and the ceremonial mounted unit, the Household Cavalry Mounted Regiment, garrisoned at Hyde Park Barracks in London. Both the HCMR and HCR are made up of elements of the Life Guards and the Blues and Royals. The Household Cavalry is part of the Household Division and is the King's official bodyguard. Although the Household Cavalry Regiment is armoured, it is not part of the Royal Armoured Corps, being assigned to the Household Division.
Zalzala (film)
Zalzala is a 1988 Indian Hindi-language action adventure film directed by Harish Shah. It features an ensemble cast of Dharmendra, Shatrughan Sinha, Rajiv Kapoor, Anita Raj, Kimi Katkar, Vijayta Pandit, Danny Denzongpa and Rati Agnihotri. It is a loose rehash of 1969 Western, Mackenna's Gold.
Zalzala was released on 13 May 1988 and received mainly mixed reviews from critics.

Harish Shah
Harish Shah (7 October 1943 – 7 July 2020) was an Indian Film Producer, Director and Writer, known for his work on Mere Jeevan Saathi featuring Rajesh Khanna and Tanuja, Kaala Sona featuring Feroz Khan and Parveen Babi, Ram Tere Kitne Naam featuring Sanjeev Kumar and Rekha, Zalzala featuring Dharmendra and Shatrughan Sinha, Ab Insaf Hoga featuring Mithun Chakraborty and Jaal: The Trap featuring Sunny Deol and Tabu. He died on 7 July 2020 due to throat cancer.
Calbourne & Shalfleet railway station
Calbourne and Shalfleet railway station, was an intermediate  station of the  Freshwater, Yarmouth and Newport Railway, incorporated  in 1860, opened over a ten-month period between 1888 and 1889 and closed 65 years later. Situated between the two villages  and serving a moderately populous rural area  it was a "reasonably" successful station on an ultimately unprofitable  line. Originally the station had a cottage style front but after absorption by the Southern a corrugated building from the acrimonious-split era was relocated to the site. The station itself, situated on the down side,  has long been demolished and replaced with a modern bungalow; but the level-crossing keeper's cottage, a short distance away at Pounds Lane, is still visitable.

Freshwater, Yarmouth and Newport Railway
The Freshwater, Yarmouth and Newport Railway was a railway line on the Isle of Wight, United Kingdom, connecting Freshwater and Yarmouth to Newport. It was intended to connect the thinly populated west of the island, and it opened in 1889. At Newport it relied on the existing Isle of Wight Central Railway's station, but trains entering it had to shunt back from the junction. The IoWCR worked the line until 1913.

The line was never commercially successful, and a break with the IoWCR in 1913 obliged the FY&NR hastily to build its own Newport station and acquire locomotives and rolling stock while in receivership.

After the Southern Railway absorbed the FY&NR in 1923, the SR developed holiday traffic, but it was highly seasonal and the heavy losses resulted in the line's closure in 1953.
Grotto Hills
Grotto Hills is a summit in the Lanfair Valley of San Bernardino County, California. Its tallest peak is at 4,895 feet / 1,492 meters. It is in the east-central part of Mojave National Preserve, 7 miles north of Hackberry Mountain.

Lanfair Valley
Lanfair Valley is located in the Mojave Desert in southeastern California near the Nevada state line. The valley is bounded on the north by the New York Mountains and Castle Mountains, on the east by the Piute Range, and on the south by the Woods Mountains and Vontrigger Hills. Joshua Trees can be found in most of the valley.  Elevation is 4,045 feet.

The valley proper is drained southeastwards, then due south by the Sacramento Wash; the wash then turns due-east and combines with the Piute Wash drainage (south out of Nevada), to immediately enter the west bank of the Colorado River. The dual valley drainage is a U-shape, and the first major dry wash drainage from the west, into the Colorado, south of Lake Mead.
Rectified prism
In geometry, a rectified prism (also rectified bipyramid) is one of an infinite set of polyhedra, constructed as a rectification of an n-gonal prism, truncating the vertices down to the midpoint of the original edges. In Conway polyhedron notation, it is represented as aPn, an ambo-prism. The lateral squares or rectangular faces of the prism become squares or rhombic faces, and new isosceles triangle faces are truncations of the original vertices.

Prism (geometry)
In geometry, a prism is a polyhedron comprising an n-sided polygon base, a second base which is a translated copy (rigidly moved without rotation) of the first, and n other faces, necessarily all parallelograms, joining corresponding sides of the two bases. All cross-sections parallel to the bases are translations of the bases. Prisms are named after their bases, e.g. a prism with a pentagonal base is called a pentagonal prism. Prisms are a subclass of prismatoids.

Like many basic geometric terms, the word prism (from Greek  πρίσμα (prisma) 'something sawed') was first used in Euclid's Elements. Euclid defined the term in Book XI as "a solid figure contained by two opposite, equal and parallel planes, while the rest are parallelograms". However, this definition has been criticized for not being specific enough in regard to the nature of the bases (a cause of some confusion amongst generations of later geometry writers).
Bastrop Independent School District
Bastrop Independent School District is a public school district in Bastrop, Texas, United States. The district serves the communities of Bastrop, Camp Swift, Cedar Creek, Circle D-KC Estates, Paige, Red Rock, Rockne, Wyldwood, and other rural areas of Bastrop County.

Camp Swift, Texas
Camp Swift is a census-designated place (CDP) in Bastrop County, Texas, United States. Its population was 7,943 at the 2020 census. Camp Swift began as a United States Army training base built in 1942. It is named after Major General Eben Swift.
Portrayal of East Asians in American film and theater
Portrayals of East Asians in American film and theatre has been a subject of controversy. These portrayals have frequently reflected an ethnocentric perception of East Asians rather than realistic and authentic depictions of East Asian cultures, colors, customs, and behaviors.

Yellowface, a form of theatrical makeup used by European-American performers to represent an East Asian person (similar to the practice of blackface used to represent African-American characters), continues to be used in film and theater. In the 21st century alone, Grindhouse (in a trailer parody of the Fu Manchu serials), Balls of Fury, I Now Pronounce You Chuck & Larry, Crank: High Voltage, and Cloud Atlas all feature yellowface or non-East Asian actors as East Asian caricatures.

The Good Earth (film)
The Good Earth is a 1937 American drama film about Chinese farmers who struggle to survive. It was adapted by Talbot Jennings, Tess Slesinger, and Claudine West from the 1932 play by Owen Davis and Donald Davis, which was in itself based on the 1931 novel of the same name by Nobel Prize-winning author Pearl S. Buck. The film was directed by Sidney Franklin, with uncredited contributions by Victor Fleming and Gustav Machaty.

The film stars Paul Muni as Wang Lung. For her role as his wife O-Lan, Luise Rainer won an Academy Award for Best Actress. The film also won the Academy Award for Best Cinematography for Karl Freund.  It was nominated for Best Director, Best Film Editing, and Best Picture. Its world premiere was at the elegant Carthay Circle Theatre in Los Angeles.
Terese Capucilli
Terese Capucilli is an American modern dancer, interpreter of the roles originally performed by Martha Graham. She is one of the last generation of dancers to be coached and directed by Graham herself. A principal dancer with the Martha Graham Dance Company for twenty-six years, she became associate artistic director in 1997 and from 2002 to 2005 served as artistic director, with Christine Dakin, seeing the organization and its dancers through the rebirth of the company. A driving force of Graham's work for nearly three decades, she is now Artistic Director Laureate.

Maple Leaf Rag (ballet)
Maple Leaf Rag is a storyless Martha Graham ballet set to ragtime compositions by Scott Joplin. The work premiered on October 2, 1990 at New York City Center with costumes by Calvin Klein and lighting by David Finley. Chris Landriau arranged the music and played piano at the debut. The dance is a jubilant self-parody and an homage, of sorts, to Graham's mentor and musical director, Louis Horst, who would play the rag for her whenever she fell into a creative slump.  Graham was 96 when she created Maple Leaf Rag; it is her last completed dance. In 1991, she began another work, The Eyes of the Goddess, but it was unfinished at the time of her death.
Something's Gotta Give (Johnny Mercer song)
"Something's Gotta Give" is a popular song with words and music by Johnny Mercer in 1954. It was published in 1955. It was written for and first performed by Fred Astaire in the 1955 musical film Daddy Long Legs, and was nominated the same year for an Academy Award for Best Original Song, losing to "Love is a Many Splendored Thing" from the film of the same name.

Johnny Mercer
John Herndon Mercer (November 18, 1909 – June 25, 1976) was an American lyricist, songwriter, and singer, as well as a record label executive who co-founded Capitol Records with music industry businessmen Buddy DeSylva and Glenn E. Wallichs.

He is best known as a Tin Pan Alley lyricist, but he also composed music and was a popular singer who recorded his own as well as others' songs from the mid-1930s through the mid-1950s. Mercer's songs were among the most successful hits of the time, including "Moon River", "Days of Wine and Roses", "Autumn Leaves", and "Hooray for Hollywood". He wrote the lyrics to more than 1,500 songs, including compositions for movies and Broadway shows. He received nineteen Oscar nominations, and won four Best Original Song Oscars.
Church Fenton railway station
Church Fenton railway station serves the village of Church Fenton, in North Yorkshire, England. It is situated where the Cross Country Route meets the Dearne Valley line, just under 10.75 miles (17 km) from York. The station and all services that stop there are operated by Northern Trains.

Cross Country Route
The Cross Country Route is a long-distance railway route in England, which runs from Bristol Temple Meads to York via Birmingham New Street, Derby, Sheffield and Leeds or Doncaster. Inter-city services on the route, which include some of the longest passenger journeys in the UK such as Aberdeen to Plymouth, are operated by CrossCountry.

It is classed as a high-speed line because its sections from Birmingham to Wakefield Westgate and from Leeds to York have a speed limit of 125 mph (200 km/h); however, the section from Birmingham to Bristol is limited to 100 mph (160 km/h) because of numerous level crossings, especially half-barrier level crossings, and the section from Wakefield to Leeds has the same limit because of a number of curves.
Vladimir, Russia
Vladimir (Russian: Влади́мир, IPA: [vlɐ'dʲimʲɪr] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative center of Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the Klyazma River, 200 kilometers (120 mi) east of Moscow. It is served by a railway and the M7 highway. Its population is 349,951 (2021 census).

Klyazma
The Klyazma (Russian: Клязьма, IPA: [ˈklʲæzʲmə], Klyaz'ma or Kliazma), a river in the Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Ivanovo and Vladimir Oblasts in Russia, and a left tributary of the Oka.

The 686 kilometres (426 mi) long river's drainage basin is 42,500 square kilometres (16,400 sq mi). The Klyazma usually freezes up in November and stays under the ice until mid-April, although in faster-moving stretches ice-free water occurs until the air temperature drops below −10 °C (14 °F).

The largest tributaries of the Klyazma include (from source to mouth):

The Klyazma is navigable within 120 kilometres (75 mi) from its estuary and in the area of the Klyazminskoye Reservoir. The cities of  Gorokhovets,  Mendeleyevo, Pavlovsky Posad,  Vladimir, Kovrov, Shchyolkovo, Losino-Petrovsky, Noginsk, Orekhovo-Zuyevo, Sobinka and Vyazniki stand on the shores of the Klyazma River.

The basin of the Klyazma formed the center of the  Vladimir-Suzdal principality in the 12th to 14th centuries CE.
Corsendonk
Corsendonk is a Belgian beer brand. The brandname refers to the Priory of Corsendonk in Oud-Turnhout; which was in operation from 1398 to 1784, and was rebuilt in 1968, as a hotel complex by new owners Corsendonk Hotels. In 1982, on the 125th anniversary of the Oud-Turnhout municipality, Jef Keersmaekers, grandson of Antonius Keersmaekers who had founded a brewery in 1906, was approached by the local tourist office to use the Corsendonk name for its abbey association, as an abbey beer marketing technique. He launched Pater Noster, now called Corsendonk Pater (or "Abbey Brown Ale" when marketed in America), and Agnus Dei, now called Corsendonk Agnus (or "Abbey Pale Ale" when marketed in America). As the family brewery had closed down in 1953, the beers were contracted out to other breweries, including Brasserie Du Bocq, who now brew all the brands. Other brands include Corsendonk Blond, Corsendonk Bruin and Corsendonk Christmas Ale.

Beer in Belgium
Beer in Belgium includes abbey beers, lambics, pilsners, Flemish red ales, sour brown ales, strong ales, Wheat beers and others. As of 2024, there were 411 breweries in Belgium, ranging from international companies, such as AB InBev to traditional breweries, like Trappist monasteries to microbreweries. Correspondingly, the number of Belgian breweries continues to grow, with over 1,600 unique Belgian beers available. On average, Belgians drink 68 litres of beer each year, down from around 200 each year in 1900. In 2024, this amounts to a total consumption of approximately 6.4 million hectoliters, representing around 30% of Belgium’s total beer production. Most beers are bought or served in reusable bottles, rather than cans, and virtually every beer has its own branded, sometimes uniquely shaped, glass. In 2016, UNESCO inscribed Belgian beer culture on their list of the intangible cultural heritage of humanity.
2022–23 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team
The 2022–23 Virginia Cavaliers men's basketball team represented the University of Virginia during the 2022–23 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team was led by head coach Tony Bennett in his 14th year and played their home games at John Paul Jones Arena in Charlottesville, Virginia, as members of the Atlantic Coast Conference. They finished the season with an 25–8 record, 15–5 in ACC play, to finish in a tie for first place and clinch a share of their sixth regular season title in ten seasons, and their eleventh ACC regular season title in school history. They defeated North Carolina and Clemson to reach the championship game of the ACC tournament, where they lost to Duke. They received a bid to NCAA tournament as the No. 4 seed in the East region, where they were upset in the First Round by Furman.

2022–23 Furman Paladins men's basketball team
The 2022–23 Furman Paladins men's basketball team represented Furman University in the 2022–23 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Paladins, led by sixth-year head coach Bob Richey, played their home games at Timmons Arena and Bon Secours Wellness Arena in Greenville, South Carolina as members of the Southern Conference (SoCon). They improved on their 12–6 SoCon record from last season and finished the regular season with a 15–3 record, to finish in first place. In the SoCon tournament, they defeated Mercer and Western Carolina to reach the championship game. In the championship game, they defeated defending SoCon tournament champion Chattanooga to make the NCAA tournament, the first time since 1980 they accomplished this. They went on to upset Virginia in the first round of the NCAA tournament, only to lose to the eventual national runner-up San Diego State in the second round.
Lee Boysel
Lee Loren Boysel (December 31, 1938 – April 25, 2021) was an American electrical engineer and entrepreneur.  While at Fairchild Semiconductor, he developed four-phase logic and built the first integrated circuit with over 100 logic gates, and designed the Fairchild 3800 / 3804 8-bit ALUs. Boysel designed the Four-Phase Systems AL1. He founded Four-Phase Systems to commercialize the technology, and sold the company to Motorola in 1981.

He was a graduate of the University of Michigan.

Four-phase logic
Four-phase logic is a type of, and design methodology for dynamic logic.  It enabled non-specialist engineers to design quite complex ICs, using either PMOS or NMOS processes.
It uses a kind of 4-phase clock signal to smooth out power delivery and improvies switching time for MOS transistors.