hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pereira Passos
Francisco Pereira Passos (29 August 1836 – 12 March 1913) was a Brazilian civil engineer and politician. He was mayor of the Federal District of Brazil from 1902 to 1906, nominated by President Rodrigues Alves. During his tenure, Pereira Passos promoted a large-scale urban renewal plan for Rio, inspired by Georges-Eugène Haussmann's renewal of Paris.

Rodrigues Alves
Francisco de Paula Rodrigues Alves (Brazilian Portuguese pronunciation: [fɾɐ̃ˈsisku dʒi ˈpawlɐ ʁoˈdɾiɡiz ˈawvis]; 7 July 1848 – 16 January 1919) was a Brazilian politician and statesman who served as the fifth president of Brazil, from 1902 to 1906. Alves was elected in 1902, becoming the third consecutive São Paulo native to hold the presidency. Before his presidency, he served as president of the province of São Paulo during the Empire of Brazil (1887) and as finance minister under Floriano Peixoto and Prudente de Morais in the 1890s.

During his term, Rodrigues Alves promoted a series of urban renewals and sanitation campaigns in Rio de Janeiro, then the Brazilian capital, which led to the outbreak of the Vaccine Revolt in 1904.

Rodrigues Alves was elected president for a second term in 1918, but died in the Spanish flu pandemic before assuming power, on 16 January 1919. He was succeeded by his vice-president, Delfim Moreira.
2020 Players Championship
The 2020 Players Championship was the 47th edition of The Players Championship, scheduled for March 12–15 at TPC Sawgrass in Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida. It was canceled by the PGA Tour prior to the second round in response to the COVID-19 pandemic; the tour had earlier announced that the tournament would proceed behind closed doors for the remaining three days.

Hideki Matsuyama held a two stroke lead after the first round having equaled the course record of 63, nine under par. Defending champion Rory McIlroy was at even par (72), tied for 83rd place. Half of the $15 million purse was split equally among the 144 competing players, at $52,000 each.

The event was not included in the revised schedule announced in early April 2020.

Behind closed doors (sport)
The term "behind closed doors" is used in several sports to describe matches played where spectators are not allowed in the stadium or venue to watch. A match played in this manner is also referred to as a crowdless game. Because ticket sales generally constitute a substantial proportion of total revenues in most professional sports as well as in certain elite competitions of many amateur sports, it is rare for such games to be off limits to paying members of the general public. When such instances do occur, it is usually for reasons outside the participating teams' control. These may include as a punishment or remedy for a participating team, stadium safety problems, preventing potentially dangerous clashes between rival supporters, wider safety concerns like a riot or other civil disturbances, or public health concerns like the COVID-19 pandemic.
Chanel College, Moamoa
Chanel College is a Catholic co-educational college in Moamoa, Samoa. It is near the top of Mount Vaea, at the end of Moamoa Road, which leads directly from Apia. The college has been staffed by a combination of Marist Fathers, Salasian sisters, volunteer organizations and regular employees.

Mount Vaea
Mount Vaea is a 472 m summit overlooking Apia, the capital of Samoa located on the north central coast of Upolu island. The mountain is situated south about 3 km inland from Apia township and harbour. The settlement at the foothills on the northern side of the mountain is called Lalovaea (below Vaea in Samoan).
Biman Bangladesh Airlines cricket team
The Biman Bangladesh Airlines cricket team was a first-class cricket team in Bangladesh that played in only the inaugural 2000–01 domestic season and won the National Cricket League title. The team was sponsored by Biman Bangladesh Airlines, the government-owned airliner of Bangladesh.

The club played its home games at the Bangladesh Krira Shikkha Protisthan No 1 Ground in Savar.

The Biman Bangladesh Airlines team currently plays among the 12 clubs in the Dhaka Metropolis Premier League, which does not have first-class status. Biman also sponsors a team in the Corporate Cricket League.

The team signed 18-year-old Pakistani opening batsman Imran Farhat during the 2000–01 season, and Farhat dominated, scoring 216 runs in the first match of the season and ending up with the most runs in Bangladeshi first class cricket that season. However, Habibul Bashar had the highest first class score for the team, with 224.

Dhaka Premier Division Cricket League
The Dhaka Premier Division Cricket League, also known as the Dhaka Premier League, is a club List A tournament in Bangladesh which has been contested annually since the 1973–74 season. It has had List A status since the 2013–14 season. It is run by the Cricket Committee of Dhaka Metropolis.
Waste Implementation Programme
The Waste Implementation Programme (WIP) was the UK Government's response to the package of strategic measures recommended by the Strategy Unit "Waste Not, Want Not" report published in 2002. The WIP was the route map of the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, aimed at delivering the action required to meet the UK's legally binding targets under Article Five of the EU Landfill Directive related to reducing levels of biodegradable waste that are landfilled.

The UK's targets were:

By 2010 reduce biodegradable municipal waste landfilled to 75% of that produced in 1995

By 2013 reduce biodegradable municipal waste landfilled to 50% of that produced in 1995

By 2020 reduce biodegradable municipal waste landfilled to 35% of that produced in 1995

Landfill Directive
The Landfill Directive, more formally Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999, is a European Union directive which regulates waste management of landfills in the European Union. It was to be implemented by EU Member States by 16 July 2001. Directive (EU) 2018/850 amended the 1999 directive with effect from 5 July 2020.

The Directive's overall aim is "to prevent or reduce as far as possible negative effects on the environment, in particular the pollution of surface water, groundwater, soil and air, and on the global environment, including the greenhouse effect, as well as any resulting risk to human health, from the landfilling of waste, during the whole life-cycle of the landfill". This legislation also has important implications for waste handling and waste disposal.
Record Commission
The Record Commissions were a series of six royal commissions of Great Britain and (from 1801) the United Kingdom which sat between 1800 and 1837 to inquire into the custody and public accessibility of the state archives. The commissioners' work paved the way for the establishment of the Public Record Office in 1838. The commissioners were also responsible for publishing various historical records, including the Statutes of the Realm (i.e. of England and Great Britain) to 1714 and the Acts of Parliament of Scotland to 1707, as well as a number of important medieval records.

Although the six commissions were technically distinct from one another, there was a considerable degree of continuity between them, and it is common practice to regard them as a single entity and to refer to them in singular form as the Record Commission.

Samuel Ayscough
Samuel Ayscough (29 November 1745 – 30 October 1804) was an English writer and scholar. He was best known for publishing his Index on Shakespeare (1790). His index was revised and expanded by English writer Mary Cowden Clarke. He was described as the "Prince of Index Makers" and was very well known throughout his lifetime.
Bernard Momméjat
Bernard Momméjat (18 May 1934 – 9 December 2011) was a French international rugby union player.

Born in Paris, Momméjat was trained in rugby by Cahors–based club Stade Cadurcien and played for their senior side until 1961, when he finished his career with stints at SC Albi and Stade Saint-Gaudinois.

Momméjat, an industrial designer by profession, was capped 22 times as a lock for France from 1958 to 1963, and at 6 ft 3 in was the tallest player to have represented the country up until that point. He featured in three successful Five Nations campaigns and played both matches of their series win over the Springboks on a 1958 of South Africa, where he formed a second row with Lucien Mias. On France's return from South Africa, both Momméjat and fellow Stade Cadurcien player Alfred Roques were awarded honorary citizenship of Cahors.

SC Albi
Sporting Club Albigeois is a professional French rugby union club playing the third-level Nationale. During the past years it went back and forth between Top 14, the highest level of the French league system and the second-level Rugby Pro D2. Their last time in the Top 14 was for 2009–10 after winning the 2008–09 promotion playoffs. The previous one began in 2006 and came to an end after the 2007–08 season due to financial issues. Founded in 1907, the club plays at the Stadium municipal d'Albi (capacity 12,000). They wear black and yellow. They are based in Albi in the Tarn department of Occitanie.
Exotica (film)
Exotica is a 1994 Canadian film written and directed by Atom Egoyan, and starring Bruce Greenwood, Mia Kirshner, Don McKellar, Arsinée Khanjian, and Elias Koteas. Set primarily in the fictional Exotica strip club in Toronto, the film concerns a father grieving over the loss of a child and his obsession with a young stripper. It was inspired by Egoyan's curiosity about the role strip clubs play in sex-obsessed societies. Exotica was filmed in Toronto in 1993.

Marketed as an erotic thriller on its release in Canada and the United States, the film proved to be a major box office success for English-language Canadian cinema, and received positive reviews. It won numerous awards, including the FIPRESCI Prize at the Cannes Film Festival and eight Genie Awards, including Best Motion Picture.

15th Genie Awards
The 15th Genie Awards were held on December 7, 1994 to honour Canadian films released that year. Actor Graham Greene hosted the ceremony.

Building on the success of its Genie specials of the last two years, the academy and the CBC produced two shows for this year's event. Genies Countdown was a one-hour preview show which aired twice before the gala; for the Quebec market, Les Grands Moments du Genie aired immediately after the show.

The 1994 year's awards were dominated by Atom Egoyan's Exotica, and Whale Music, the debut film of director Richard J. Lewis. Another newcomer, Michel Poulette, won the Claude Jutra Award for outstanding achievement for first-time direction for his film Louis 19, le roi des ondes (Louis 19, King of the Airwaves), which also won the Golden Reel Award as the year's most commercially successful film.
Painted Dreams
Painted Dreams is an American radio soap opera that premiered on WGN radio, Chicago, on October 20, 1930 and last aired in July 1943. It is widely considered by scholars of the genre to be the first daytime soap opera or drama-by-installment serial. The first to be broadcast in daytime over a radio network would be Clara, Lu 'n Em, two years later.

In 1930 radio station WGN asked Irna Phillips, who worked for them as an actress, to create a 15-minute daily show "about a family," to air during the day. Painted Dreams was the result.

Phillips wrote and acted in the show until 1932 when she asked WGN to sell the show to a national broadcaster. When they refused, Phillips sued, claiming the show was her property. The dispute was finally settled in 1938, and the show was acquired by CBS. Meanwhile, Phillips had left WGN in 1932, creating Today's Children for rival station WMAQ with virtually the same plot premises and characters.

Irna Phillips
Irna Phillips (July 1, 1901 – December 23, 1973) was an American scriptwriter, screenwriter, casting agent, and actress who pioneered a style of daytime soap opera in the United States geared specifically toward women. Phillips created, produced, and wrote several radio and television daytime serials throughout her career, including Guiding Light, As the World Turns, and Another World. She was also a mentor to several other pioneers of the American daytime soap opera, including Agnes Nixon, William J. Bell and Ted Corday.
Copper extraction
Copper extraction is the multi-stage process of obtaining copper from its ores. The conversion of copper ores consists of a series of physical, chemical, and electrochemical processes. Methods have evolved and vary with country depending on the ore source, local environmental regulations, and other factors. The copper smelters with the highest production capacity (metric tons of copper yearly) lie in China, Chile, India, Germany, Japan, Peru and Russia. China alone has over half of the world's production capacity and is also the world's largest consumer of refined copper.

Precious metals and sulfuric acid are often valuable by-products of copper refining. Arsenic is the main type of impurity found in copper concentrates to enter smelting facilities. There has been an increase in arsenic in copper concentrates over the years since shallow, low-arsenic copper deposits have been progressively depleted.

Water jacket furnace (metallurgy)
A water jacket furnace is a type of blast furnace used to smelt non-ferrous metallic ores, most typically ores of copper, lead, or silver-lead. In a modified form it could also recover zinc. It takes its name from the water jacket arrangement used to cool the lower furnace casing and prolong the life of the furnace hearth. It is sometimes referred to as a water-jacketed blast furnace,  copper blast furnace, or lead blast furnace.  The water jacket furnace is now virtually an obsolete technology for copper smelting, being nearly entirely replaced, by flash smelting of copper ore concentrates. It remains in use, in a modified form, for lead smelting.

The terminology is also used for an indirect heating device used in the petroleum oil and gas industry, generally known as a water jacket heater or water bath heater, which should not be confused with the metallurgical water jacket furnace.
4-hydroxybenzoate 4-O-beta-D-glucosyltransferase
In enzymology, a 4-hydroxybenzoate 4-O-beta-D-glucosyltransferase (EC 2.4.1.194) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

UDP-glucose + 4-hydroxybenzoate  UDP + 4-(beta-D-glucosyloxy)benzoate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are UDP-glucose and 4-hydroxybenzoate, whereas its two products are UDP and 4-(beta-D-glucosyloxy)benzoate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of glycosyltransferases, specifically the hexosyltransferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is UDP-glucose:4-hydroxybenzoate 4-O-beta-D-glucosyltransferase. Other names in common use include uridine diphosphoglucose-4-hydroxybenzoate glucosyltransferase, UDP-glucose:4-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)benzoic acid, glucosyltransferase, HBA glucosyltransferase, p-hydroxybenzoate glucosyltransferase, PHB glucosyltransferase, and PHB-O-glucosyltransferase.

4-Hydroxybenzoic acid
4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, also known as p-hydroxybenzoic acid (PHBA), is a monohydroxybenzoic acid, a phenolic derivative of benzoic acid. It is a white crystalline solid that is slightly soluble in water and chloroform but more soluble in polar organic solvents such as alcohols and acetone. 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid is primarily known as the basis for the preparation of its esters, known as parabens, which are used as preservatives in cosmetics and some ophthalmic solutions.  It is isomeric with 2-hydroxybenzoic acid, known as salicylic acid, a precursor to aspirin, and with 3-hydroxybenzoic acid.
La Bola de Nieve
La Bola de Nieve (Spanish, literally The Snowball) is a historical building in the city of Rosario, Santa Fe Province, Argentina. Its name alludes to the presence of a large stone sphere on its top.

The building is located in the corner of Laprida St. and Córdoba St., at the edge of the downtown area, in front of Plaza 25 de Mayo. It was built in 1907, and commissioned by Camilo Guani, owner and founder of the financial institution that bore the name of Bola de Nieve; to a French-born architect by the name of Édouard Le Monnier, this mutual fund company had the tallest building in the city at the time it was built.

The top of the building is a cylindrical body held up by columns and crowned by a sphere. Beneath and around the sphere, the name of the companyBola de Nieveis spelled out in large, white block letters, on a background of ceramic tiles

Eduardo Le Monnier
Eduardo Le Monnier (born Edouard Stanislas Louis Le Monnier; 30 September 1873 in Paris – 14 February 1931 in Buenos Aires) was a French architect recognized for his work in Brazil, Uruguay and mostly in Argentina.
Double Diamond International
The Double Diamond International was a team golf tournament that was played from 1971 to 1977. It was hosted in England for the first three years, and then in Scotland.

From 1974 and 1977 the event was preceded by an individual 36-hole stroke play tournament that was included on the British PGA tournament circuit; the circuit would later become officially recognised as the European Tour.

Christy O'Connor Snr
Patrick Christopher O'Connor (known as Christy O'Connor Snr); (21 December 1924 – 14 May 2016) was an Irish professional golfer. He was one of the leading golfers on the British and Irish circuit from the mid-1950s.

O'Connor won over 20 tournaments on the British PGA and finished in the top 10 in the Open Championship many times. Later he had considerable success in senior events, twice winning the World Senior Championship. In team events he played in 10 successive Ryder Cup matches and played in 15 Canada Cup/World Cup matches for Ireland, winning the Canada Cup in 1958 in partnership with Harry Bradshaw.
Hamborn Abbey
Hamborn Abbey (German: Abtei Hamborn) is a Premonstratensian monastery in the Alt-Hamborn district of Duisburg, Germany. The abbey is physically located in the diocese of Essen, although not formally part of it.

Hamborn
Hamborn (German pronunciation: [ˈhambɔʁn]) is a district of the city of Duisburg, in North Rhine-Westphalia (Germany).
Hamborn has a population of 71,528 an area of 20.84 km2. Since 1 January 1975,  has been one of seven districts or boroughs (Stadtbezirk) of Duisburg.
Lawrence N. Guarino
Lawrence Nicholas "Larry" Guarino (April 16, 1922 – August 18, 2014) was a United States Air Force officer, and veteran of three wars. Shot down on his 50th combat mission, he spent more than eight years as a prisoner of war (POW) during the Vietnam War and earned the Air Force Cross.

As a POW at Hỏa Lò Prison (the "Hanoi Hilton"), he shared a cell with John McCain, the future senior United States senator from Arizona and Republican nominee for president in the 2008 United States election. Guarino wrote A P.O.W.'s Story: 2801 Days in Hanoi about his experiences in captivity.

Guarino flew the Supermarine Spitfire in World War II. His last duty station was Patrick Air Force Base and he retired to Satellite Beach and Indian Harbour Beach, Florida, after leaving the Air Force. He died on August 18, 2014.

Satellite Beach, Florida
Satellite Beach is a coastal city in Brevard County, Florida, U.S. The population was 11,226 at the 2020 United States census, up from 10,109 at the 2010 census, and it is located with the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Banana River to the west. Satellite Beach is part of the Palm Bay–Melbourne–Titusville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Shadowplayers
Shadowplayers is the title of both a 2006 documentary film and a 2010 book by James Nice of LTM Recordings, tracing the detailed history of Factory Records and the Manchester post-punk music scene between 1978 and 1981.

LTM Recordings
LTM Recordings (originally les temps modernes) is a British independent record label founded in 1983, and best known for reissues of artists and music from 1978 to the present day, as well as modern classical and avant-garde composition. The label is based in Norfolk, England, and is curated by James Nice.

Particularly notable are reissues of catalogue originally released by Factory Records, Les Disques du Crépuscule, Compact Organisation and Sarah Records. Nice has also reactivated the Factory Benelux and Crépuscule labels, for reissues and new releases.

LTM has also released audiobooks with archive recordings by major figures in 20th Century avant-garde art, including Futurism & Dada Reviewed, Voices of Dada, Surrealism Reviewed, Musica Futurista: The Art of Noises, Bauhaus Reviewed and Cocteau Satie and Les Six.
Annandale, Dumfries and Galloway
55°00′22″N 3°16′41″W﻿ / ﻿55.006°N 3.278°W﻿ / 55.006; -3.278

Annandale is a district of Dumfriesshire, Scotland, centred on the dale or valley of the River Annan. It runs north–south through the Southern Uplands from Annanhead (north of Moffat) to Annan on the Solway Firth. It is bordered by Nithsdale to the west and Eskdale to the east. The Annandale Way runs the length of the valley, a distance of some 53 miles (85 km).

Nithsdale
55°07′59″N 3°43′59″W﻿ / ﻿55.133°N 3.733°W﻿ / 55.133; -3.733

Nithsdale (Scottish Gaelic: Srath Nid), also known as Strathnith, Stranith or Stranit, is the strath or dale of the River Nith in southern Scotland. Nithsdale was one of the medieval provinces of Scotland. The provinces gradually lost their administrative importance to the shires created from the twelfth century, with Nithsdale forming part of Dumfriesshire. A Nithsdale district covering a similar area to the medieval province was created in 1975, based in the area's main town of Dumfries. The district was abolished in 1996, since when the area has been directly administered by Dumfries and Galloway Council.
Royal Sussex Light Infantry Militia
The Royal Sussex Light Infantry Militia, later the 3rd Battalion, Royal Sussex Regiment, was an auxiliary regiment raised in Sussex on the South Coast of England. From its formal creation in 1778 the regiment served in home defence in all of Britain's major wars. It saw active service during the Second Boer War, and trained thousands of reinforcements during World War I. After a shadowy postwar existence it was formally disbanded in 1953

Charles Lennox, 3rd Duke of Richmond
Field Marshal Charles Lennox, 3rd Duke of Richmond, KG, PC, FRS (22 February 1735 – 29 December 1806), styled Earl of March until 1750, was British politician and military officer. Associated with the Rockingham Whigs, Richmond briefly served as Secretary of State for the Southern Department for a three-month period in 1766. His support for the Patriots during the American War of Independence along with concession in Ireland and parliamentary reform in Britain led Richmond to be nicknamed "the Radical Duke". He is believed by many to be the source of the second parchment copy of the United States Declaration of Independence, known as the Sussex Declaration. Richmond went on to be a reforming Master-General of the Ordnance first in the first Rockingham ministry and then in the first Pitt ministry.