hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Johan Mauritz Nordenstam
Baron Johan Mauritz Nordenstam (21 September 1802 – 8 June 1882) was a Finnish general who served as Vice Chairman of the Economic Division of the Senate of Finland, an office preceding that of Prime Minister, from 1858 to his death in 1882. He was the longest-serving head of government in Finnish history. He also served as the governor of Uusimaa Province from 1847 to 1858, vice chancellor of the University of Helsinki from 1847 to 1855, and a senator without portfolio from 1848 to 1858. He briefly served as acting Governor-General five times, and was Lord Marshal (speaker) at the first three sessions of the Diet of Finland following 54 years without an assembly.

Professor August Ahlqvist was Nordenstam's illegitimate son. Nordenstam also posthumously became the stepgrandfather of Marshal Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim, as his daughter married Mannerheim's father, Carl Robert Mannerheim, in 1883.

Provincial Governors of Finland
The governor (Finnish: Maaherra, or Swedish: Landshövding) of a province of Finland headed the activities of the State Provincial Office (Finnish: Lääninhallitus, or Swedish: Länsstyrelse) until the end of 2009, when the provinces were abolished. The governors were appointed by the President. Many former ministers including but not limited to Kaarlo Hillilä, Martti Miettunen, Hannele Pokka and Anneli Taina served as governors, since the post was regarded as prestigious enough for a retiring minister, but still politically neutral. The title of maaherra was also considered a personal title, such that once appointed, the title maaherra remained for life.

During the Swedish period (1634–1809) and the Russian period (1809–1917) the governor was a royal plenipotentiary, representing the sovereign, but with independence, the function was reversed: the governor represented his territory to the central government.
McQ Inc.
McQ Inc. is a defense and electronics company in Fredericksburg, Virginia, that specializes in remote monitoring and surveillance equipment and systems for government and industry. McQ Inc designed and produces the OmniSense unattended ground sensor system equipment in use as part of currently deployed Unattended Ground Sensors (UGS).

Unattended ground sensor
The Unattended Ground Sensor (UGS) are a variety of small sensors, generally covert, dedicated to detect and identify activities on the ground such as enemy soldiers or vehicles. UGS come as systems with an integrated communication network and processing capabilities.
Kiidjärve
Kiidjärve   (German: Kiddijerw) is a village in Põlva Parish, Põlva County in southeastern Estonia. It is located about 9 km (6 mi) north of the town of Põlva and about 30 km (19 mi) southeast of the city of Tartu, by the Tartu–Pechory railway and the Ahja River. The village territory includes the Saesaare Reservoir with a hydroelectric power station and the Valgesoo Bog (a landscape protection area).

As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 168.

In Kiidjärve, there is a railway halt on Elron's Tartu–Koidula line, but it is served by only one train a day. The journey from/to Tartu takes about 45 minutes.

Kiidjärve is home to "Maarja Village" (Maarja Küla), a facility for young adults with learning disabilities.

Põlva County
Põlva County (Estonian: Põlva maakond or Põlvamaa) is one of 15 counties of Estonia. It is located in the southeastern part of the country and borders Tartu, Valga, and Võru counties. 23,989 people live in Põlva County, constituting 1.8% of the total population of Estonia (as of 2022).
Gertrude Nason
Gertrude Nason (1890–1969) was an American painter and printmaker.

Born in Everett, Massachusetts, Nason studied in Boston at the Massachusetts College of Art under Joseph DeCamp and at the School of the Museum of Fine Arts under Edmund Charles Tarbell. Her brother was the engraver Thomas Nason, and she was married to the artist William Donahue, with whom she lived in Greenwich Village and had a summer residence in Lyme, Connecticut. She exhibited widely, and won numerous honors and awards. During her career she was a member of the Brooklyn Society of Modern Art, the Creative Arts Association, Lyme Art Association, the National Association of Women Artists, and the  New York Society of Women Artists. She also worked for a time as the supervisor of art for a school district in Boston.

Everett, Massachusetts
Everett is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, directly north of Boston, bordering the neighborhood of Charlestown. The population was 49,075 at the time of the 2020 United States census.

Everett was the last city in the United States to have a bicameral legislature, which was composed of a seven-member Board of Aldermen and an eighteen-member Common Council. On November 8, 2011, the voters approved a new City Charter that changed the City Council to a unicameral body with eleven members – six ward councilors and five councilors-at-large. The new City Council was elected during the 2013 City Election.
Shi (character)
Shi (Ana Ishikawa) is a comic book character created by writer/illustrator William Tucci. She first appeared in Razor Annual #1 (December 1993) and has appeared in numerous books by various publishers ever since, most notably Tucci's own Crusade Comics and the Image Universe. Shi is a young woman of Japanese and American descent trained as a sohei warrior monk, who struggles to reconcile her Japanese grandfather's martial training with her American mother's Christian teachings. Japanese culture and spiritual themes are prominent, recurring motifs in storylines featuring her, especially as they pertain to this conflict.

The word shi literally translates to death (死) in Japanese, and Shi's signature weapon is the naginata.

Avatar Press
Avatar Press is an independent American comic book publisher founded in 1996 by William A. Christensen, and based in Rantoul, Illinois. It was originally known for publishing bad girl comics, such as Pandora, Hellina, Lookers, The Ravening, and Brian Pulido's Lady Death. Later the company became better known for publishing particularly violent titles by popular and critically acclaimed writers such as Alan Moore, Garth Ennis, Warren Ellis, Jonathan Hickman, and Kieron Gillen.

Avatar also publishes the comics news site Bleeding Cool, helmed by Rich Johnston.
Franz Seitz Jr.
Franz Seitz Jr. (22 October 1921 – 19 January 2006) was a German film producer, screenwriter and film director. He produced more than 70 films between 1951 and 2006. He was a member of the jury at the 16th Berlin International Film Festival.

His 1982 film Doctor Faustus was entered into the 13th Moscow International Film Festival where it won the Silver Prize. In 1983 he was a member of the jury at the 33rd Berlin International Film Festival. In 1991 his film Success was entered into the 41st Berlin International Film Festival. In 1997 he won the Berlinale Camera award at the 47th Berlin International Film Festival.

His father, Franz Seitz Sr. was also a film director.

13th Moscow International Film Festival
The 13th Moscow International Film Festival was held from 7 to 21 July 1983. The Golden Prizes were awarded to the Moroccan-Guinea-Senegalese film Amok directed by Souheil Ben-Barka, the Nicaraguan-Cuban-Mexican-Costa Rican film Alsino and the Condor directed by Miguel Littín and the Soviet film Vassa directed by Gleb Panfilov.
St. John's Episcopal Church (Dubuque, Iowa)
St. John's Episcopal Church is a parish of the Diocese of Iowa, located in Dubuque, Iowa, United States. The church was included as a contributing property in the Jackson Park Historic District that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Episcopal Diocese of Iowa
The Episcopal Diocese of Iowa is the diocese of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America which covers all of Iowa. It is in Province VI. Its offices are in Des Moines, and it has two cathedrals: the Cathedral Church of St. Paul in Des Moines and Trinity Cathedral in Davenport.

In 2024, the diocese reported average Sunday attendance (ASA) of 1,609 persons, down from 2,886 in 2020. Plate and pledge income for the 57 filing congregations of the diocese in 2024 was $4,585,405.
42nd GMA Dove Awards
The 42nd Annual GMA Dove Awards presentation was held on April 20, 2011, at the Fox Theatre in Atlanta, Georgia. The show was broadcast on GMC on April 24, 2011, hosted by Sherri Shepherd from The Newlywed Game.

Nominations were announced on February 15, 2011. The awards recognized the accomplishments of Christian musicians for the year 2010.

A Tribute to the Cathedral Quartet
A Tribute to the Cathedral Quartet is a CD/DVD released by Christian gospel quartet Ernie Haase & Signature Sound. The album is a tribute to the gospel group the Cathedral Quartet with whom tenor singer Haase performed from 1990 to 1999. This DVD video is the first to feature their new lead singer, Devin McGlamery and last to feature their bass singer, Tim Duncan. The album was released on October 25, 2010 by Spring House Music.
Tales of a Wayside Inn
Tales of a Wayside Inn is a collection of poems by American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow. The book, published in 1863, depicts a group of people at the historic Wayside Inn in Sudbury, Massachusetts, as each tells a story in the form of a poem. The characters telling the stories at the inn are based on real people. The compilation, which Longfellow originally wanted to title "The Sudbury Tales", proved to be popular and he issued two additional series in the 1870s.

The Wayside Inn (Sudbury)
The Wayside Inn is a historic inn in Sudbury, Massachusetts, United States, included on the National Register of Historic Places as part of the listed Wayside Inn Historic District. It became an inn called Howe's Tavern in 1716, making it one of the oldest continuously operating inns in the United States.

The inn is managed by The Wayside Inn Foundation.
Lipowiec, Szczytno County
Lipowiec [liˈpɔvjɛt͡s] (German: Lipowitz; 1933-45: Lindenort) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szczytno, within Szczytno County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located in the historic region of Masuria.

The village has a population of 863.

Gmina Szczytno
Gmina Szczytno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Szczytno County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Szczytno, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 347.26 square kilometres (134.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 10,454.
Serbia in the Eurovision Song Contest 2025
Serbia was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2025 with the song "Mila", written by Dušan Bačić and performed by Princ. The Serbian participating broadcaster, Radio Television of Serbia (RTS), organised the national final Pesma za Evroviziju '25 in order to select its entry for the contest.

Serbia was drawn to compete in the second semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest, which took place on 15 May 2025. Performing during the show in position 15, "Mila" was not announced among the top 10 entries of the second semi-final and therefore did not qualify to compete in the final, marking the first time since 2017 that Serbia failed to qualify for the final. It was later revealed that Serbia placed fourteenth out of the 16 participating countries in the semi-final with 28 points, marking Serbia's worst result in the contest to date.

Mila (song)
"Mila" (Serbian Cyrillic: Мила; transl. Darling) is a song by Serbian singer Princ. The song was released on 27 January 2025 by PGP-RTS and was written by Dušan Bačić. It represented Serbia at the Eurovision Song Contest 2025. It also serves as the title track for his debut studio album Mila.
The Dirt (film)
The Dirt is a 2019 American biographical comedy-drama film directed by Jeff Tremaine and written by Rich Wilkes and Amanda Adelson, about heavy metal/glam metal band Mötley Crüe. The film stars Douglas Booth, Colson Baker, Daniel Webber and Iwan Rheon.

Talks of a Mötley Crüe biopic began as early as 2006, when Paramount Pictures and MTV Films purchased the rights to the book The Dirt: Confessions of the World's Most Notorious Rock Band (2001) by the band and Neil Strauss; however, the project then languished in development hell for over a decade, going through numerous directors and cast members before Netflix purchased the rights in March 2017. Filming began around New Orleans in February 2018.

The Dirt was released digitally on Netflix on March 22, 2019. It received generally negative reviews from critics, who said the film would please fans but that it hesitated "in handling the more troubling aspects of the band's history."

Razzle (musician)
Nicholas Charles Dingley (2 December 1960 – 8 December 1984), better known by his stage name Razzle, was an English musician, who was the drummer of the Finnish glam rock band Hanoi Rocks from 1982 until his death in 1984.
Medina (album)
Medina is an album by jazz vibraphonist Bobby Hutcherson. It was released in 1980 on Blue Note Records (LT 1086) featuring six tracks recorded on 11 August 1969. The CD reissue added five tracks (#7–11) recorded in 1968, previously released on vinyl in 1979, under the title Spiral.

Bobby Hutcherson
Robert Hutcherson (January 27, 1941 – August 15, 2016) was an American jazz vibraphone and marimba player. "Little B's Poem", from the 1966 Blue Note album Components, is one of his best-known compositions. Hutcherson influenced younger vibraphonists including Steve Nelson, Joe Locke, and Stefon Harris.
The Gift (Jim Brickman song)
"The Gift" is a song co-written and performed by American recording artist Jim Brickman, featuring singers Collin Raye and Susan Ashton. It was released in 1997 on Windham Hill Records as the first single and as well as the thirteenth track from his fourth studio album of the same name. It is a country pop song that was written by Jim Brickman and Tom Douglas. This song is often played on radio around the time of Christmas due to being part of Brickman's holiday album of the same name.

Tom Douglas (songwriter)
Thomas Stevenson Douglas (born January 27, 1953) is an American country music songwriter. He has written Top 10  Billboard Country hits for John Michael Montgomery, Martina McBride, Tim McGraw, Collin Raye, Lady Antebellum, Miranda Lambert, Kenny Chesney and others.
Sinamalé Bridge
The Sinamalé Bridge (Dhivehi: ސިނަމާލެ ފާލަން; lit. 'China-Malé Bridge') links the islands of Malé, Hulhulé and Hulhumalé in the Maldives. The 1.39 km long bridge has two car lanes and separate lanes for motorcycles, and pedestrians, and opened on 30 August 2018. It was originally called the China-Maldives Friendship Bridge due to funding received from the Chinese government. It is the first inter-island bridge in the Maldives.

Hulhumalé
Hulhumalé (Dhivehi pronunciation: [huɭumɑːlɛ]; Dhivehi: ހުޅުމާލެ) is a reclaimed island located in the south of North Malé Atoll, Maldives. The artificial island is being built up by pumping sand from the sea floor, in order to meet the existing and future housing, industrial and commercial development demands of the Malé region and as a response to the threat posed by rising sea levels. The official settlement was inaugurated by President Maumoon Abdul Gayoom on May 12, 2004.

The development and management of the island is undertaken by a government-owned corporation called Housing Development Corporation (formerly Hulhumalé Development Unit and Urbanco), incorporated on March 23, 2005.

Land reclamation has increased the island's area to 4 km2 (1.5 sq mi), making it the fourth largest island in the Maldives. As of December 2019 the island has a population of more than 50,000; it is planned to house as many as 240,000 by the mid-2020s.
Terraced house
A terrace or terraced house (UK), or townhouse (US) is a type of medium-density housing which first started in 16th century Europe with a row of joined houses sharing side walls. In the United States and Canada these are sometimes known as row houses or row homes.

Terrace housing can be found worldwide, though it is quite common in Europe and Latin America, and many examples can be found in the United Kingdom, Belgium, United States, Canada, and Australia. The Place des Vosges in Paris (1605–1612) is one of the early examples of the type. Although in early larger forms it was and still is used for housing the wealthy, as cities and the demands for ever smaller close housing grew, it regularly became associated with the working class. Terraced housing has increasingly become associated with gentrification in certain inner-city areas, drawing the attention of city planning.

Party wall
A party wall (occasionally parti-wall or parting wall, also known as a shared wall, common wall or demising wall) is a wall shared by two adjoining properties. Typically, the builder lays the wall along a property line dividing two terraced houses, so that one half of the wall's thickness lies on each side. This type of wall is usually structural. Party walls can also be formed by two abutting walls built at different times. The term can also be used to describe a division between separate units within a multi-unit apartment complex. Very often in this case the wall is non-structural but designed to meet established criteria for sound or fire protection, i.e. a firewall.
ABC Goldfields
ABC Goldfields–Esperance is an ABC Local Radio station based in Kalgoorlie.  The station broadcasts to the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia, including the towns of Esperance, Coolgardie, Kambalda and Norseman.

The station was formally opened by the then State Member for Kalgoorlie, Herbert Henry Styants, on 10 December 1936.

The station began broadcasting as 6GF from the first floor of the Post Office building in Hannan Street.

Later the station moved its studios to the Salvation Army Citadel, prior to moving to premises on the corner of Porter and Brookman Streets. The station is currently located at 353 Hannan Street.

The transmitter at Esperance (callsign 6ED) was switched on in 1966. There are also a number of low power FM transmitters.

When local programs are not broadcast the station is a relay of 720 ABC Perth.

Esperance, Western Australia
Esperance (Wudjari: Kepa Kurl (/kɛp.pɑː kɜːrl/ Kep-pa Kurl)) is a town in the Goldfields–Esperance region of Western Australia, on the Southern Ocean coastline approximately 720 kilometres (450 mi) east-southeast of the state capital, Perth and 391 kilometres (243 mi) south of Kalgoorlie.

The urban population of Esperance was 12,003 at June 2018. Its major industries are tourism, agriculture, and fishing.
44th Merwara Infantry
The 44th Merwara Infantry was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army. They could trace their origins to 1824, when the Sylhet Light Infantry was raised. This first 44th eventually became the 44th Gurkhas and later 8th Gurkha Rifles.

The Mhairwara Local Battalion became a civil unit in 1861, but returned to a military role as the Mhairwara Battalion in 1871. It became the 44th Merwara Infantry in 1903, after the Kitchener reforms of the Indian Army. During World War I the regiment was part of the 12th Indian Division and took part in the Battle of Shaiba, the Battle of Khafajiya and the Battle of Nasiriya in the Mesopotamia Campaign.

Further reforms of the army were undertaken after World War I and nine single battalion regiments were disbanded. Being one of the nine, the 44th Merwara Infantry were disbanded on 20 June 1921.

12th Indian Division
The 12th Indian Division was formed in March 1915 from units of the British Indian Army. It formed part of the Tigris Corps, for service during the Mesopotamia Campaign of World War I. The Division arrived in Mesopotamia in April 1915 and remained there until it was broken up in March 1916.
The Division's brigades remained in Mesopotamia as independent formations until forming part of the 15th Indian Division in May 1916.
During its short existence it fought in a number of actions including the Battle of Shaiba between April 12–14, 1915, the  Battle of Khafajiya between May 14–16, 1915, the Battle of Nasiriya between July 5, 13-14, 24 1915, where 400 British and Indian soldiers were killed in the battle and up to 2,000 Turkish Soldiers. The Occupation of Nasiriya and the affair at Butanuja, January 14, 1916.
From the Sea
"From the Sea" is a song by Australian rock band Eskimo Joe, released on 22 March 2004 as the lead single from their second studio album, A Song Is a City (2004). It was their most successful single at that time, reaching number 33 on the Australian ARIA Singles Chart. At the ARIA Music Awards of 2004, the song was nominated for Single of the Year, and it was also ranked number three on Triple J's 2004 Hottest 100.

Eskimo Joe
Eskimo Joe are an Australian alternative rock band that was formed in 1997 by Stuart MacLeod, on lead guitar, Joel Quartermain, on drums and guitar, and Kavyen Temperley, on bass guitar and vocals, in East Fremantle, Western Australia, Australia.

The band has released five additional albums since their debut album Girl was released in 2001: A Song Is a City, released in 2004; Black Fingernails, Red Wine, released in 2006; Inshalla, released in May 2009; Ghosts of the Past, released on 12 August 2011; and Wastelands, released on 20 September 2013. Eskimo Joe have won eight ARIA Music Awards; in 2006, the band achieved four wins—from nine nominations—for work associated with Black Fingernails, Red Wine.
Illiac Suite
Illiac Suite (later retitled String Quartet No. 4) is a 1957 composition for string quartet which is generally agreed to be the first score composed by an electronic computer. Lejaren Hiller, in collaboration with Leonard Isaacson, programmed the ILLIAC I computer at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign (where both composers were professors) to generate compositional material for his String Quartet No. 4.

The piece consists of four movements, corresponding to four experiments: the first is about the generation of cantus firmi, the second generates four-voice segments with various rules, the third deals with rhythm, dynamics and playing instructions, and the fourth with various models and probabilities for generative grammars or Markov chains (see stochastic music).

ILLIAC I
The ILLIAC I (Illinois Automatic Computer), a pioneering computer in the ILLIAC series of computers built in 1952 by the University of Illinois, was the first computer built and owned entirely by a United States educational institution.
Principle of permanence
In the history of mathematics, the principle of permanence, or law of the permanence of equivalent forms, was the idea that algebraic operations like addition and multiplication should behave consistently in every number system, especially when developing extensions to established number systems.

Before the advent of modern mathematics and its emphasis on the axiomatic method, the principle of permanence was considered an important tool in mathematical arguments. In modern mathematics, arguments have instead been supplanted by rigorous proofs built upon axioms, and the principle is instead used as a heuristic for discovering new algebraic structures. Additionally, the principle has been formalized into a class of theorems called transfer principles, which state that all statements of some language that are true for some structure are true for another structure.

Transfer principle
In model theory, a transfer principle states that all statements of some language that are true for some structure are true for another structure. One of the first examples was the Lefschetz principle, which states that any sentence in the first-order language of fields that is true for the complex numbers is also true for any algebraically closed field of characteristic 0.