hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Loudermill letter
In employment law, a Loudermill letter is a letter that public-sector employers may send to employees giving notice of their intent to suspend, demote, or terminate.

According to Cleveland Bd. of Educ. v. Loudermill, the process that is due a public employee includes a pre-termination hearing that provides "oral or written notice of the charges against him, an explanation of the employer's evidence, and an opportunity to present his side of the story."  The Loudermill letter fulfills the requirement of (written) notice, and should include an explanation of the employer's evidence ("to act as a check for mistaken accusations"). To fulfill the remaining Due Process requirements, a Loudermill letter will also have to inform the employee of his opportunity for a Loudermill hearing.

Loudermill hearing
A "Loudermill" hearing is part of the "due process" requirement that must be provided to a public employee prior to removing or impacting the employment property right (e.g. imposing severe discipline).

The purpose of a "Loudermill hearing" is to provide an employee an opportunity to present their side of the story before the employer makes a decision on discipline.

Prior to the hearing, the employee must be given a Loudermill letter–i.e. specific written notice of the charges and an explanation of the employer's evidence so that the employee can provide a meaningful response and an opportunity to correct factual mistakes in the investigation and to address the type of discipline being considered.
Valdemaras Rupšys
General Valdemaras Rupšys (born 2 May 1967 in Šiauliai, Lithuania) is a Lithuanian military officer serving as Lithuanian Chief of Defence from 2019 to 2024.

He began his military career in the Lithuanian Armed Forces on 1 November 1990. In 2005, he was appointed to serve at the General Jonas Žemaitis Military Academy of Lithuania. In 2011, he was appointed to lead the Mechanised Infantry Brigade Iron Wolf. In 2016, he was appointed to the position of the Commander of the Land Forces, with the rank of brigadier general granted to him by the decree of President Dalia Grybauskaitė. In November 2018, commemorating the 100th anniversary of the restoration of the Lithuanian Armed Forces, he was awarded the rank of Major General. On 25 July 2019, he became Chief of Defence under President Gitanas Nausėda. On 10 July 2023, Rupšys was awarded the rank of four-star General.

Infantry Brigade Iron Wolf
Infantry Brigade "Iron Wolf" ("Iron Wolf" Brigade) (Lithuanian: Pėstininkų brigada "Geležinis Vilkas") is the core unit of the Lithuanian Army and forms the country's contribution to NATO collective defence. The name of the brigade relates to the Lithuanian mythical character from the medieval foundation legend of the Vilnius city.
Chop Suey (1985 video game)
Video games portal

1980s portal

Chop Suey is a martial arts fighting game developed by Adam Billyard for the Atari 8-bit computers. It was published in 1985 by English Software. Antic Software published the game in the US. The title is a repurposing of American Chinese cuisine dish of the same name.

English Software
Video games portal

1980s portal

The English Software Company, later shortened to English Software, was a Manchester, UK-based video game developer and publisher that operated from 1982 until 1987. Starting with its first release, the horizontally scrolling shooter Airstrike, English Software focused on Atari 8-bit computers of home, then expanded to other platforms. The company used the slogan "The power of excitement".
Insomnia Is Good for You
Insomnia is Good for You is a 1957 British short second feature ('B') comedy film directed by Leslie Arliss and starring Peter Sellers. It was written by Lewis Griefer and Mordecai Richler and produced and released by Park Lane Films.

Leslie Arliss
Leslie Arliss (6 October 1901 – 30 December 1987) was an English screenwriter and director. He is best known for his work on the Gainsborough melodramas directing films such as The Man in Grey and The Wicked Lady during the 1940s.
McGill University Life Sciences Research Complex
The McGill University Life Sciences Research Complex (MULSRC) or simply the McGill Life Sciences Complex is a collaborative effort between McGill's Faculty of Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences and the McGill University Health Centre to create a multi-disciplinary research environment for investigators in the life sciences.  The complex brings scientists together to work on research projects within five thematic biomedical fields:

Cancer

Genetics of complex traits

Chemical biology

Developmental and reproductive biology

Cell information systems

McGill Faculty of Science
The McGill Faculty of Science is one of eleven faculties at McGill University in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. With roots tracing back to 1843, the Faculty currently offers several undergraduate and graduate programs ranging from Earth Sciences to Mathematics to Neuroscience.

The Faculty of Science offers approximately 200 scholarships each year for its undergraduate students. Most of these prizes are based on academic excellence. Graduate students are also eligible for a variety of science fellowships.

The Faculty of Science provides its students with opportunities to complete research. Students enrolled in the Faculty of Science can also access the Research and Innovation Office, which aims to promote interdisciplinary and entrepreneurial scientific research.
Magnesia ad Sipylum
Magnesia ad Sipylum (Greek: Mαγνησία ἡ πρὸς Σιπύλῳ or Mαγνησία ἡ ἐπὶ Σιπύλου; modern Manisa, Turkey) was a city of Lydia, situated about 65 km northeast of Smyrna (now İzmir) on the river Hermus (now Gediz) at the foot of Mount Sipylus. The city should not be confused with its older neighbor, Magnesia on the Maeander, both founded by colonists from the Greek region of Magnesia.

Mount Sipylus
Mount Spil (Turkish: Spil Dağı), also known as Mount Sipylus (Ancient Greek: Σίπυλος) (elevation 1,513 m or 4,964 ft), is a mountain in Manisa Province, Turkey.

It is located near the modern city of Manisa as well as over the road between İzmir and Manisa. The contiguous mass of Mount Yamanlar, also located close to the Gulf of İzmir, has often been considered an extension of the Mount Sipylus massif, although it is actually an extinct volcano and a distinct geographical formation.
IJCAI Award for Research Excellence
The IJCAI Award for Research Excellence is a biannual award before given at the IJCAI conference to researcher in artificial intelligence as a recognition of excellence of their career. Beginning in 2016, the conference is held annually and so is the award.

Andrew Barto
Andrew Gehret Barto (born 1948) is an American computer scientist who is professor emeritus of computer science at the University of Massachusetts Amherst. Barto is best known for his foundational contributions to the field of modern computational reinforcement learning.
Statute of Frauds Amendment Act 1828
The Statute of Frauds Amendment Act 1828 (9 Geo. 4. c. 14), commonly known as Lord Tenterden's Act, was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Lord Tenterden served as Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench between 1818 and 1832. Its purpose was for "rendering a written Memorandum necessary to the Validity of certain Promises and Engagements".

Limitation Act 1623
The Limitation Act 1623 (21 Jas. 1. c. 16), sometimes called the Statute of Limitations 1623, was an act of the Parliament of England.

The whole act was repealed by section 1(1) of, and group 5 of part I of schedule 1 to, the Statute Law (Repeals) Act 1986.
1968 Belgian Grand Prix
The 1968 Belgian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at the Spa-Francorchamps Circuit on 9 June 1968. It was race 4 of 12 in both the 1968 World Championship of Drivers and the 1968 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. The 28-lap race was won by McLaren driver Bruce McLaren after he started from sixth position. Pedro Rodríguez finished second for the BRM team and Ferrari driver Jacky Ickx came in third.

On the seventh lap Brian Redman went off the circuit when his suspension failed and he crashed into and over a concrete barrier and into a parked car. His Cooper caught fire but Redman escaped with a severely broken right arm and a few minor burns.

Cooper Car Company
The Cooper Car Company was a British car manufacturer founded in December 1947 by Charles Cooper and his son John Cooper.  Together with John's boyhood friend, Eric Brandon, they began by building racing cars in Charles's small garage in Surbiton, Surrey, England, in 1946. Through the 1950s and early 1960s they reached motor racing's highest levels as their mid-engined, single-seat cars competed in both Formula One and the Indianapolis 500, and their Mini Cooper dominated rally racing.  The Cooper name lives on in the Cooper versions of the Mini production cars that are built in England, but is now owned and marketed by BMW.
Germans in Serbia
Germans are recognized ethnic minority in Serbia. According to data from the 2022 census, there were 2,573 Germans living in Serbia. The Germans of Serbia usually refer to themselves as Swabian (Schwaben, Švabe), and they are grouped into the Danube Swabians or Banat Swabians in the Vojvodina region, where the majority of the German population in Serbia resides.

Swabia
Swabia is a cultural, historical and linguistic region in southwestern Germany. The name is ultimately derived from the medieval Duchy of Swabia, one of the German stem duchies, representing the historic settlement area of the  Germanic tribe alliances named Alemanni and Suebi.

This territory would include all of the Alemannic German area, but the modern concept of Swabia is more restricted, due to the collapse of the duchy of Swabia in the thirteenth century. Swabia as understood in modern ethnography roughly coincides with the Swabian Circle of the Holy Roman Empire as it stood during the early modern period, now divided between the states of Bavaria and Baden-Württemberg.

Swabians (Schwaben, singular Schwabe) are the natives of Swabia and speakers of Swabian German. Their number was estimated at close to 800,000 by SIL Ethnologue as of 2006, out of a total population of 7.5 million in the regions of Tübingen, Stuttgart and Bavarian Swabia.
Kempraten railway station
Kempraten railway station (German: Bahnhof Kempraten) is a railway station in the Swiss canton of St. Gallen, situated near the village of Kempraten in the municipality of Rapperswil-Jona.  The station is located on the Lake Zurich right bank railway line, within both fare zone 180 of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV) and fare zone 996 of the Ostwind Fare Network.

Kempraten is one of four active railway stations in  Rapperswil-Jona (the others being Rapperswil, Jona and Blumenau).

Rapperswil-Jona
Rapperswil-Jona is a municipality in the Wahlkreis (constituency) of See-Gaster in the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland.
Besides Rapperswil and Jona, which were separate municipalities until 2006, Rapperswil-Jona also includes Bollingen, Busskirch, Curtiberg, Kempraten-Lenggis, and Wagen.

The official language of Rapperswil is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.
Senior Whip of the Labour Party
The New Zealand Labour Party's Senior Whip administers the "whipping in" system that tries to ensure that party MPs attend and vote according to the party leadership's wishes. The position is elected by the Labour caucus members. The senior whip also acts as an intermediary between the backbenchers and the party leadership. Whenever Labour is in government the senior whip serves as the chief government whip and when out of government serves as chief opposition whip; thus the position is also referred to as "Chief Whip".

All Labour whips have been members of the House of Representatives, with none coming from the Legislative Council before its abolition in 1950.

The current senior whip is Glen Bennett.

Glen Bennett
Glen Thomas Bennett (born 1975 or 1976) is a New Zealand politician and a member of the Labour Party. He was elected the Member of the Parliament for New Plymouth at the 2020 New Zealand general election, defeating the National candidate and incumbent Jonathan Young. He lost his seat to David MacLeod in the 2023 general election, but re-entered parliament on the list in March 2024 following the retirement of Grant Robertson. Prior to entering politics, Bennett worked in the community sector for more than 20 years.
All Olympia Gymnastics Center
The All Olympia Gymnastics Center or AOGC is a one-facility gymnastics gym in Calabasas. A previous location in Hawthorne, California, was closed down.

The head coaches are 1983 World Vault Champion Artur Akopyan and 1980 Olympian Galina Marinova. Their notable elite gymnasts are 2012 Olympic Champion McKayla Maroney, 2010 World Team Member Mattie Larson and Stanford Cardinal Samantha Shapiro.

Artur Akopyan
Artur Akopyan (Armenian: Արթուր Հակոբյան born September 28, 1961) is an Armenian-American gymnastics coach for the USA Gymnastics National Team and a former gymnast on the USSR Olympic Gymnastics Team. He is credited as the first athlete to do a Tsukahara double twist. Akopyan received three scores of 10 at the 1981 World Championships in Moscow. His competitive career included the 1983 World vault title, in addition to three other World individual medals.
Casa Grande del Pueblo
The Casa Grande del Pueblo (English: Great House of the People) is the Bolivian presidential residence that replaced the Palacio Quemado in 2018. It is a 30 story tower. Inaugurated on 9 August 2018 during the presidency of Evo Morales as the official residence of the President of Bolivia, the interim government of Jeanine Áñez reverted to occupying the Palacio Quemado from 2019 to 2020. Following the inauguration of Luis Arce on 8 November 2020, it has again become the residence of the president.

President of Bolivia
The president of Bolivia (Spanish: Presidente de Bolivia), officially known as the president of the Plurinational State of Bolivia (Spanish: Presidente del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia), is head of state and head of government of Bolivia and the captain general of the Armed Forces of Bolivia.

According to the Bolivian Constitution, the president is elected by popular vote to a five-year term and may serve a maximum of two terms. A strict and inviolable two-term limit is enshrined in the Bolivian Constitution. If no candidate wins a majority (defined as either more than 50%, or alternatively at least 40% and at least 10% more than the second-place candidate), the top two candidates advance to a runoff election.

Rodrigo Paz is the 68th and current president of Bolivia, having assumed office on 8 November 2025.
Mayos de Navojoa
The Mayos de Navojoa (English: Navojoa Mayos) were a professional baseball team in the Mexican Pacific League (LMP), based in Navojoa, Sonora. Founded in 1959, the franchise relocated to Tucson, Arizona before the 2025-26 season, and became the first team in the LMP to be based in the United States.

Mayos were champions of the league twice. The first time was for the 1978–79 season, with Rickey Henderson on the roster and  Chuck Goggin (USA) as coach. The next time was for the 1999–2000 season, with Lorenzo Bundy (USA) as manager.

Chuck Goggin
Charles Francis Goggin (born July 7, 1945) is a former utility player in Major League Baseball who played with three teams from 1972 to 1974 and is the most decorated Vietnam War veteran to play Major League Baseball.  He played for the Pittsburgh Pirates (1972–73), Atlanta Braves (1973) and Boston Red Sox (1974).
Women's Royal Australian Air Force
The Women's Royal Australian Air Force (WRAAF) was formed in 1950, after the success of women serving in the Air Forces had been demonstrated by the Women's Auxiliary Australian Air Force (WAAAF). The first recruits began training on 30 January 1951, with Wing Officer Doris Carter as the service's director. Group Officer Lois Pitman succeeded her in 1960, followed by Group Officer Dawn Parsloe in 1972. In 1972, the service achieved a pay scale equal to the male service. In 1977, the WRAAF was absorbed into the RAAF.

Lois Pitman
Lois Katrine Pitman, OBE (c. 1919 – 30 October 2014) was an Australian military officer and social worker. She served as director of the Women's Royal Australian Air Force (WRAAF) from 1960 to 1972.

Born in Melbourne, Pitman joined the Women's Auxiliary Australian Air Force in 1942 and later served with the Department of Post-War Reconstruction. She qualified as a social worker and worked with the Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital and the St Thomas' Hospital. After joining the WRAAF she studied psychology at Australian National University.

Pitman was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1968.
The Hound of Heaven
"The Hound of Heaven" is a 182-line poem written by English poet Francis Thompson (1859–1907). The poem became famous and was the source of much of Thompson's posthumous reputation. It was first printed in 1890 in the periodical Merry England, later to appear in Thompson's first volume of poems in 1893. It was included in the Oxford Book of English Mystical Verse (1917).

Francis Thompson
Francis Joseph Thompson (16 December 1859 – 13 November 1907) was an English poet and Catholic mystic. At the behest of his father, a doctor, he entered medical school at the age of 18, but at 26 left home to pursue his talent as a writer and poet. He spent three years on the streets of London, supporting himself with menial labour, becoming addicted to opium which he took to relieve a nervous problem.

In 1888 Wilfrid and Alice Meynell read his poetry and took the opium-addicted and homeless writer into their home for a time, later publishing his first volume, Poems, in 1893. In 1897, he began writing prose, drawing inspiration from life in the countryside, Wales and Storrington. His health, always fragile, continued to deteriorate and he died of tuberculosis in 1907. By that time he had published three books of poetry, along with other works and essays.
Sian Przemyśl
Sian Przemyśl (full name: Ukrainian Sports Club Sian Przemyśl) was an ethnic Ukrainian sports club, located in the city of Przemyśl, which in the interbellum period belonged to the Second Polish Republic.

The club was founded in 1929. The team played in the Lwów District League, which was equivalent of today's second level of football games (see: Lower Level Football Leagues in Interwar Poland). Overall, Sian Przemyśl got 24 points in 26 games (with two points for a victory and one for a tie), with goal difference 36:50.

In September 1939, when World War II begun, the club ceased to exist.

In 1942 the club was reactivated. In 1944, after the arrival of Soviet troops in Przemyśl, the club was closed again.

Two of the club's better-known players were Myroslav Turko and Walt Zakaluznyj.

Mirosław Turko
Mirosław Turko (Ukrainian: Мирослав Пилипович Турко, 2 October 1918 – 29 September 1981) was a Polish - Ukrainian football striker and coach.

He was born in Mostyska, then Austro-Hungary. He played for Ukrainian Sports Club Sian Przemyśl from 1934 to 1939, Rapid Vienna from c. 1940 to 1945 and then Spartak Lviv from 1945 to 1949 and finally OBO Lviv from 1949, where ended his playing career and became a coach for them for many years. He also managed FC Avanhard Ternopil. He died on September 29, 1981, in Lviv.
All Japan Badminton Championships
All Japan Badminton Championships (全日本総合バドミントン選手権大会, Zen-Nihon Sōgō Badominton Senshuken Taikai) is the premier annual badminton tournament in Japan. Organized by the Badminton Association of Japan, it is held in December and serves as the primary selection event for the Japanese national team for the upcoming season. The tournament is open to Japan's top-ranked professionals, university students, and high school athletes who qualify through regional or category-specific preliminaries.

Japan national badminton team
The Japan national badminton team (Japanese: 日本代表バドミントンチーム) represents Japan in international badminton competitions. The Japanese women's team have won the Uber Cup 6 times, with their most recent being the 2018 Uber Cup. The men's team won their first Thomas Cup title in 2014. The mixed team were runners-up three times at the Sudirman Cup.

The Japanese badminton team has been prestigious in the Olympics, having won a gold medal in the 2016 Summer Olympics and a silver and 2 bronze medals.
Clint Day
Clint M. Day (born January 28, 1959) is an American politician who served in the Georgia State Senate for District 48 from 1993 to 1997. He mounted unsuccessful campaigns for the U.S. Senate in 1996 and Lieutenant Governor in 1998, in which he lost the primary runoff election. He was considered a social and fiscal conservative Republican, and is not the insurance agent Clint Day, another Atlanta business owner.

1998 Georgia lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1998 Georgia lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1998, to elect the lieutenant governor of Georgia, concurrently with the 1998 gubernatorial election, as well as elections to the United States Senate and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Georgia is one of 21 states that elects its lieutenant governor separately from its governor.

Incumbent Democratic lieutenant governor Pierre Howard chose to not run for re-election in order to run for governor but later dropped out of the race. Mark Taylor defeated Republican nominee Mitch Skandalakis.
Roots and Wings (Neal Casal album)
Roots and Wings is the ninth studio album by singer-songwriter Neal Casal, released January 27, 2009, on Fargo Records. Casal states that the album is his favorite and that it is "about making peace with the past, and it's about the ocean."

Upon release, Casal posted the following on his blog:

Big day for me here. After lots of hard work Roots and Wings is finally released. Best record i’ve ever made by a long long mile, i’m immensely proud of it. Massive thanks to all of the unbelievable musicians who played on it, Sadie and Megan for their beautiful art, Shoko for putting the site together, Fargo and Goatee records for getting the word out, all at Topspin, G$, Don Sternaker for the sounds, my brothers in The Cardinals, all of my friends who hung with me through it, and y’know, everyone really.

Neal Casal
Neal Graeme Casal (November 2, 1968 – August 26, 2019) was an American guitarist, singer, songwriter and photographer. First rising to prominence as lead guitar with Rickey Medlocke's Blackfoot from 1988 to 1993, he was also known as a member of Ryan Adams' backing band the Cardinals from 2005 until 2009, with whom he recorded three studio albums. He played in several groups, including the Chris Robinson Brotherhood, Hard Working Americans, Beachwood Sparks, The Skiffle Players, GospelbeacH and Circles Around the Sun– and released twelve albums as a solo artist.

He released his final solo album, Sweeten the Distance, in 2011.

Born in Denville Township, New Jersey, and raised in nearby Rockaway Township, Casal attended Morris Knolls High School.