hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Howard Penman
Howard Latimer Penman (1909 – 1984) was a British meteorologist. He formulated Penman’s Formula, which is used worldwide by meteorologists and agricultural scientists to assess evaporation rates in different setups (lakes and ponds, lawns, cropped fields) and locations in the world. With John Monteith he formulated the Penman–Monteith equation which is used to calculate evapotranspiration and the need for crop irrigation. Penman was a distinguished Rothamsted Research scientist and government advisor, and a well-known local figure in Harpenden.

Penman–Monteith equation
The Penman-Monteith equation approximates net evapotranspiration (ET) from meteorological data as a replacement for direct measurement of evapotranspiration. The equation is widely used, and was derived by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization for modeling reference evapotranspiration ET0.
Ian Wilmut
Sir Ian Wilmut (7 July 1944 – 10 September 2023) was an English embryologist and the chair of the Scottish Centre for Regenerative Medicine at the University of Edinburgh. He was the leader of the research group that in 1996 first cloned a mammal from an adult somatic cell, a Finnish Dorset lamb named Dolly.

Wilmut was appointed OBE in 1999 for services to embryo development and knighted in the 2008 New Year Honours. He, Keith Campbell and Shinya Yamanaka jointly received the 2008 Shaw Prize for Medicine and Life Sciences for their work on cell differentiation in mammals.

Shaw Prize
The Shaw Prize is a set of three annual awards presented by the Shaw Prize Foundation in the fields of astronomy, medicine and life sciences, and mathematical sciences. Established in 2002 in Hong Kong, by Hong Kong entertainment mogul and philanthropist Run Run Shaw (邵逸夫), the awards honour "individuals who are currently active in their respective fields and who have recently achieved distinguished and significant advances, who have made outstanding contributions in academic and scientific research or applications, or who in other domains have achieved excellence." The prize has been described as the "Nobel of the East".
Every Second Counts (album)
Every Second Counts is the fourth studio album by American rock band Plain White T's, released on September 12, 2006. It is the first Plain White T's album to be released on Hollywood Records along with Fearless Records. Its title is derived from a lyric in the song "Let Me Take You There".

The album peaked at number ten on the US Billboard 200 chart. The album was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) in March 2025.

Plain White T's
The Plain White T's are an American pop rock band from Lombard, Illinois, formed in 1997 by high school friends Tom Higgenson, Dave Tirio, and Ken Fletcher, and joined a short time later by Steve Mast. The group had a mostly underground following in Chicago basements, clubs, and bars in its early years.

The band is best known for their number-one hit song "Hey There Delilah", which achieved platinum status in 2007 and earned two Grammy nominations. The songs "1, 2, 3, 4" and "Rhythm of Love" were also certified platinum in 2009 and 2011 respectively. Founding member Tirio left the band in 2020, resulting in Higgenson remaining its sole original member.
BQ Aquaris E5
The Aquaris E5 and Aquaris E5 FHD are dual-SIM Android smartphones from the Spanish manufacturer BQ that were released to market in July 2014.  The devices shipped with Android 4.4 (KitKat). BQ elected not to skin the operating system and as such it retains the unmodified "Google Experience", such as found on the Google Nexus.

On 9 June 2015 BQ in partnership with Canonical launched the Aquaris E5 HD Ubuntu Edition.  The phone is based on the Aquaris E5 hardware (with the 1280×720 screen) and was sold in the European Union only.

Notably, this is only the third phone to be sold with the Ubuntu Touch mobile operating system, after the BQ Aquaris E4.5 and the Meizu MX4 Ubuntu Edition.

Ubuntu Touch
Ubuntu Touch is a mobile version of the Ubuntu operating system, developed by the UBports community. Its user interface is written in Qt, and is designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet computers. However, the original goal of convergence was intended to bring Ubuntu Touch to laptops, desktops, IoT devices and TVs for a complete unified user experience.

The project was started by Canonical Ltd. but on 5 April 2017 its CEO Mark Shuttleworth announced that Canonical would terminate support due to lack of market interest. It was then adopted by UBports as a community project. The UBports project was seeded by Marius Gripsgård in 2015 and the source code was transferred to the UBports Foundation where it since resides. UBports' mission is to support the collaborative development of Ubuntu Touch and to promote its widespread use.
Rocket Robin Hood
Rocket Robin Hood is a Canadian animated science fiction television series, placing the characters and conflicts of the classic Robin Hood legend in a futuristic, outer space setting. It was produced by Krantz Films, Inc. and aired on CBC Television from 1966 to 1969.

The setting is the last year of the 30th century (year 3000), and a version of the despotic Prince John dominates the National Outer-space Terrestrial Territories (N.O.T.T.). Rocket Robin Hood and his Merry Men live in an asteroid named after Sherwood Forest, using spaceships to undermine John's plans. Despite the team having the term "men" in its name, Maid Marian serves as the team's only female member.

Len Birman
Leonard Birman (died February 10, 2023) was a Canadian-American actor, who began his career in Montreal. In his 45 years on stage, screen and radio, he portrayed a wide variety of characters, including some choice roles in classical and contemporary theatre.
Rihi Puhiwahine Te Rangi-hirawea
Rihi Puhiwahine Te Rangi-hirawea (c. 1816 – 18 February 1906) was a New Zealand composer of waiata. Of Māori descent, she identified with the Ngati Maniapoto and Ngati Tuwharetoa iwi. She was born in Taringamotu River, King Country, New Zealand.

Ngāti Tūwharetoa
Ngāti Tūwharetoa is an iwi descended from Ngātoro-i-rangi, the priest who navigated the Arawa canoe to New Zealand. The Tūwharetoa region extends from Te Awa o te Atua (Tarawera River) at Matatā across the central plateau of the North Island to the lands around Mount Tongariro and Lake Taupō.

Tūwharetoa is the sixth largest iwi in New Zealand, with a population of 35,877 of the 2013 New Zealand census, and 40% of its people under the age of 15. The tribe consists of a number of hapū (subtribes) represented by 33 marae (meeting places). The collective is bound together by the legacy of Ngātoro-i-rangi as epitomised in the ariki (paramount chief), currently Sir Tumu te Heuheu Tūkino VIII.

In the 2013 New Zealand census 35,877 people identified as Ngāti Tūwharetoa. By the 2018 New Zealand census, there were at least 47,103 people identifying with the iwi, including 44,448 identifying with the Taupō branch, and 2,655 identifying with the Kawerau branch.
Everly (film)
Everly is a 2014 American action thriller film directed by Joe Lynch and written by Yale Hannon based on a story by Lynch and Hannon. The film stars Salma Hayek as the title character with Akie Kotabe, Jennifer Blanc, Masashi Fujimoto, Togo Igawa, Gabriella Wright, Caroline Chikezie, Laura Cepeda, and Hiroyuki Watanabe in supporting roles.

The film was released via iTunes on January 23, 2015, and received a limited theatrical release on February 27, 2015, by Dimension Films.

Hiroyuki Watanabe
Hiroyuki Watanabe (渡辺 裕之, Watanabe Hiroyuki; December 9, 1955 – May 3, 2022) was a Japanese actor. He primarily acted in dramas, of which a handful are tokusatsu series. One of his latest roles was as Taiga Saejima in the tokusatsu series GARO. He also played Kamen Rider Gaoh in the Kamen Rider Den-O movie, Kamen Rider Den-O: I'm Born!.
Little Fish (musical)
Little Fish is a musical with music, lyrics, and book by Michael John LaChiusa. The musical is suggested by two short stories by Deborah Eisenberg, Days and Flotsam. It concerns a group of friends living in New York City, one of whom, Charlotte, decides to stop smoking and then swims to compensate for the lack of nicotine.  LaChiusa has said that he sees Little Fish as a "parable of sorts" for New York after the September 11 attacks.

Michael John LaChiusa
Michael John LaChiusa (born July 24, 1962) is an American musical theatre and opera composer, lyricist, and librettist. He is best known for such musically esoteric shows as Hello Again, Marie Christine, The Wild Party, and See What I Wanna See. He was nominated for four Tony Awards in 2000 for his score and book for both Marie Christine and The Wild Party and received another nomination in 1996 for his work on the libretto for Chronicle of a Death Foretold.
George VI Ice Shelf
The George VI Ice Shelf (71°45′S 68°00′W﻿ / ﻿71.750°S 68.000°W﻿ / -71.750; -68.000) is an extensive ice shelf that occupies George VI Sound which separates Alexander Island from Palmer Land in Antarctica. The ice shelf extends from Ronne Entrance, at the southwest end of the sound, to Niznik Island, about 30 nautical miles (56 km) south of the north entrance between Cape Brown and Cape Jeremy. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in association with George VI Sound.

Niznik Island
Niznik Island is an island in the north part of George VI Sound, lying opposite the mouth of Eureka Glacier near the coast of Palmer Land. Discovered by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE), 1947–48, under Ronne, who named it for the Theodore T. Niznik family of Baltimore, MD, contributors to the expedition. Niznik Island is part of the George VI Ice Shelf.
Ascent of Mont Ventoux
The Italian poet Petrarch wrote about his ascent of Mont Ventoux (in Provence; elevation 1912 meters) on 26 April 1336 in a well-known letter published as one of his Epistolae familiares (IV, 1). In this letter, written around 1350, Petrarch claimed to be the first person since antiquity to have climbed a mountain for the view. Although the historical accuracy of his account has been questioned by modern scholars, it is often cited in discussions of the new spirit of the Renaissance.

Petrarch
Francis Petrarch (/ˈpɛtrɑːrk, ˈpiːt-/; 20 July 1304 – 19 July 1374; Latin: Franciscus Petrarcha; modern Italian: Francesco Petrarca [franˈtʃesko peˈtrarka]), born Francesco di Petracco, was a scholar from Arezzo and poet of the early Italian Renaissance, as well as one of the earliest humanists.

Petrarch's rediscovery of Cicero's letters is often credited with initiating the 14th-century Italian Renaissance and the founding of Renaissance humanism. In the 16th century, Pietro Bembo created the model for the modern Italian language based on Petrarch's works, as well as those of Giovanni Boccaccio, and, to a lesser extent, Dante Alighieri. Petrarch was later endorsed as a model for Italian style by the Accademia della Crusca.

Petrarch's sonnets were admired and imitated throughout Europe during the Renaissance and became a model for lyrical poetry. He is also known for being the first to develop the concept of the "Dark Ages".
Patisiran
Patisiran, sold under the brand name Onpattro, is a medication used for the treatment of polyneuropathy in people with hereditary transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis, a fatal rare disease that is estimated to affect 50,000 people worldwide.

It is the first small interfering RNA-based drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the first drug approved by the FDA to treat this condition. It is a gene silencing drug that interferes with the production of an abnormal form of transthyretin. Patisiran utilizes a novel approach to target and reduce production of the TTR protein in the liver via the RNAi pathway.

Patisiran was developed and is marketed by Alnylam. The FDA considers it to be a first-in-class medication.

Familial amyloid polyneuropathy
Familial amyloid polyneuropathy, also called hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis (hATTR), or Corino de Andrade's disease, is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disease. It is a form of amyloidosis, and was first identified and described by Portuguese neurologist Mário Corino da Costa Andrade, in 1952. FAP is distinct from senile systemic amyloidosis (SSA), which is not inherited, and which was determined to be the primary cause of death for 70% of supercentenarians who have been autopsied. FAP can be ameliorated by liver transplantation.
Gene A. Buinger Career and Technical Education Academy
The Gene A. Buinger Career and Technical Education Academy (also colloquially known as the Buinger Academy, BCTEA, or Tech Center) is a public technical high school in Bedford, Texas.  The school serves grade levels 10–12 and is part of the Hurst-Euless-Bedford Independent School District.

The Buinger Academy is not a traditional high school; it does not directly enroll students and students cannot graduate with a diploma from the Academy. Instead, it hosts career and technical education classes for Trinity and L.D. Bell high schools, and students are transported to and from their classes at the Academy by school bus.

Bedford, Texas
Bedford is a city located in northeastern Tarrant County, Texas, United States, in the "Mid-Cities" area between Dallas and Fort Worth. It is a suburb of Dallas and Fort Worth. The population was 49,928 at the 2020 census. Bedford is part of the Hurst-Euless-Bedford Independent School District.
Girl, Positive
Girl, Positive (typically stylized as Girl, Posi+ive) is a 2007 American drama television film directed by Peter Werner, written by Nancey Silvers, and starring Andrea Bowen and Jennie Garth. The film is about a preppy teenage girl who discovers she is HIV positive after a summer one-night stand with a boy. It aired on Lifetime on June 25, 2007.

Andrea Bowen
Andrea Bowen (born March 4, 1990) is an American actress. She began her career appearing on Broadway musicals such as Les Misérables and The Sound of Music. In 2004, she began playing the role of Julie Mayer on the ABC comedy-drama series Desperate Housewives, a role she played on a regular basis until 2008. She later appeared on a recurring basis until the show ended in 2012. Bowen later went on to star in a number of Lifetime television films.
Shifting Gears (TV series)
Shifting Gears is an American television sitcom created by Julie Thacker Scully and Mike Scully for ABC through 20th Television. The series stars Tim Allen, Kat Dennings, Seann William Scott, Daryl "Chill" Mitchell, Maxwell Simkins, and Barrett Margolis. It premiered on ABC on January 8, 2025. In April 2025, ABC renewed the series for a second season which premiered on October 1, 2025.

Luke Macfarlane
Thomas Luke Macfarlane (born 19 January 1980) is a Canadian actor and former singer. He is known for playing Scotty Wandell on the ABC television drama Brothers & Sisters (2006–2011), RAC Agent D'avin Jaqobis on the Space television science fiction series Killjoys (2015–2019), the romantic lead in a number of Hallmark Channel movies, and Aaron Shepard in the gay romantic comedy film Bros (2022).
Kumho Polychem
Kumho Polychem is a part of South Korean conglomerate Kumho Petrochemical Group, operating a factory located in Yeosu Industrial Complex. It manufactures EPDM rubbers, TPVs and KEPA.

It was founded in 1985 and is currently the 3rd largest producer of EPDM in the world (220,000 tonnes per year).

The company currently supplies its products for various uses including automobiles, hoses, seals and wire insulation.

Also it developed thermoplastic rubber, Innoprene, which has the elasticity of thermosetting rubber and the compatibility of thermoplastic, based on our 20 years' experience in the production and research technology of EP rubber.

Current products' capacity: EP(D)M – 220,000 MT, TPV / KEPA 7,000 MT (as of January 1, 2016)

Kumho Petrochemical
Kumho Petrochemical Co. (KKPC) (Korean: 금호석유화학 주식회사) is a South Korean chemical company headquarters in Seoul. As of 2012, Kumho Petrochemical was the largest the manufacturing of synthetic rubbers with the world's largest production capacity based on styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) and butadiene rubber (BR) according to the International Institute of Synthetic Rubber Producers (IISRP).

The company focuses on synthetic rubbers, synthetic resins, specialty chemicals, electronic chemicals, energy, building materials and advanced materials as its core business.
Too Soon to Love
Too Soon to Love, also known as High School Honeymoon and Teenage Lovers, is a 1960 American exploitation film directed by Richard Rush and starring Richard Evans, Jennifer West and Jack Nicholson.

The film was considered by some critics as among the first of the American "new wave" of filmmaking.

Richard Rush (director)
Richard Rush (April 15, 1929 – April 8, 2021) was an American film director, scriptwriter, and producer. He is known for directing the 1980 black comedy film The Stunt Man, for which he received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Director.

Starting his directing career in 1960, he also directed Freebie and the Bean (1974), a police buddy comedy/drama starring Alan Arkin and James Caan. His 1994 erotic thriller film, Color of Night, won a Golden Raspberry Award as the worst film of 1994, but Maxim magazine also singled the film out as having the best sex scene in film history. He co-wrote the screenplay for the 1990 film Air America.
Nancy D. Griffeth
Nancy Davis Griffeth (born October 26, 1945) is an American computer scientist notable for approaches to the feature interaction problem. In 2014, she is a professor at Lehman College of The City University of New York and is modelling biological systems in computational biology.

Lehman College
Lehman College (/ˈliːmən/ LEE-mən) is a public college in New York City, United States. Founded in 1931 as the Bronx campus of Hunter College, it became an independent college in 1967. The college is named after Herbert H. Lehman, a former New York governor, United States senator, and philanthropist. It is a senior college of the City University of New York (CUNY) and offers more than 90 undergraduate and graduate degree programs and specializations.
Cholestasis
Cholestasis is a condition where the flow of bile from the liver to the duodenum is impaired. The two basic distinctions are:

obstructive type of cholestasis, where there is a mechanical blockage in the duct system that can occur from a gallstone or malignancy, and

metabolic type of cholestasis, in which there are disturbances in bile formation that can occur because of genetic defects or acquired as a side effect of many medications.

Classification is further divided into acute or chronic and extrahepatic or intrahepatic.

Itch
An itch (also known as pruritus) is a sensation that causes a strong desire or reflex to scratch. Itches have many similarities to pain, and while both are unpleasant sensory experiences, their behavioral response patterns are different. Pain creates a withdrawal reflex, whereas itches lead to a scratch reflex.

Unmyelinated nerve fibers for itches and pain both originate in the skin. Information for them is conveyed centrally in two distinct systems that both use the same nerve bundle and spinothalamic tract.
Amaliapoli
Amaliapoli (Greek: Αμαλιάπολη) is a village at the western part of the Pagasetic Gulf, in the Magnesia regional unit of Greece, also known as Nea Mintzela.  It was the northernmost border village of the newly independent Greek state, and was named after Queen Amalia, the first queen of the modern Greek state, in the 1840s. Amaliapoli was the place of origin of the Kalamidas family, a family which played a notable role in the region of Mintzela during the Greek Revolution against the Turks 1821.

Amalia of Oldenburg
Amalia of Oldenburg (Greek: Αμαλία; 21 December 1818 – 20 May 1875) was a Oldenburg princess who became Queen of Greece from 1836 to 1862 as the wife of King Otto Friedrich Ludwig.  During her tenure as queen, she was dedicated to social improvement and the founding of many gardens in Athens, and she was the first to introduce the Christmas tree to Greece.

She became the target of harsh attacks and her image suffered further as she proved unable to provide an heir to the throne. She and her husband were expelled from Greece in 1862, after an uprising. She spent the rest of her years in exile in Bavaria.

She acted as Regent of Greece in 1850–1851, and a second time in 1861–1862 during the absence of Otto.

To Amalia is attributed the creation of the "romantic folksy court dress," which became Greece's national costume.
Camerino
Camerino is a  town in the province of Macerata, Marche, central-eastern Italy. It is located in the Apennines bordering Umbria, between the valleys of the rivers Potenza and Chienti, about 64 kilometres (40 mi) from Ancona.

Camerino is  home to the University of Camerino, founded in the Middle Ages.

Cesare Borgia
Cesare Borgia (13 September 1475 – 13 March 1507) was an Italian cardinal deacon and later a condottiero, as well as a member of the Spanish House of Borgia. He was the illegitimate son of Pope Alexander VI and sibling to Lucrezia Borgia.

After initially entering the Church and becoming a cardinal on his father's election to the papacy, he resigned his diaconal profession after the death of his brother in 1498. He was employed as a condottiero for King Louis XII of France around 1500, and occupied both Milan and Naples during the Italian Wars. At the same time, he carved out a state for himself in Central Italy, but he was unable to retain power for long after his father's death. His quest for political power was a major inspiration for The Prince by the renowned Florentine historian, Niccolò Machiavelli.
Vishahareswara Temple
The Vishahareswara Temple is a temple to Shiva in Thiruvarur district, in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. The temple was built in the early 9th century in the village of Kodandaramapuram, which later became part of Avanam Paruthiyur. It is situated on the banks of Kudamurutti River, a distributary of the Kaveri.  The presiding deity of this temple is a form of Shiva called Vishahareswarar, and his consort Prasanna Parvathy Devi. The temple is an ancient heritage symbol. The temple is one of the 108 Shiva temples on the banks of the Kaveri that, by legend, were built by Chola king Aditya I.

The temple is administered by the Hindu Religious and Charitable Endowments Department, where it is known as Arulmigu Visakaraswarar Swamy Temple.

Kudamurutti River
Kudamurutti River a distributary of the Kaveri, is one of the five sacred rivers that flows in Thiruvaiyaru in the Thanjavur District of the state of Tamil Nadu, in southeastern India. Kudamurutti River branches off from the Kaveri River at Tiruchirapalli. The ancient name of this river was Kaduvaai which was mentioned in Tevaram, Tamil Saivite devotional poetry. The river is related to the famous saint Sri Narayana Teertha who is believed to have attained enlightenment here. As it is believed to be a sacred river, River Kudamurutti is the Theertham of Tiruvalampozhil Temple. There are many Temples located beside the river namely, Vishahareswara Temple, Kalyana Varadharaja Perumal Temple.
At the end of the Kudamuruti river at Kaveri, there located a famous temple of goddess AYYALAMAN