hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Before the Revolution (book)
Before the Revolution: America's Ancient Pasts is a nonfiction book-length scholarly history written by Daniel K. Richter and published by Belknap Press (of Harvard University Press) in May 2013. It covers the stages of North America's deep historical roots well before the American Revolution, theorizing that these stages shaped recent history and the present. The book is divided into six major sections: "Progenitors," "Conquistadors," "Traders," "Planters," "Imperialists," and "Atlanteans".

Daniel K. Richter
Daniel Karl Richter (born October 15, 1954) is an American historian specializing in early American history, especially colonial North America and Native American history before 1800. He is the Roy F. and Jeannette P. Nichols Professor of American History at the University of Pennsylvania and the Richard S. Dunn Director of the McNeil Center for Early American Studies. His book Facing East from Indian Country was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize in 2002.
Marina Baixa
Marina Baixa (Valencian: [maˈɾina ˈbajʃa]; Spanish: Marina Baja [maˈɾina ˈβaxa]; lit. "Lower Marina") is a comarca in the Valencian Community, Spain. It is bordered by the comarques of Comtat on the northwest, Marina Alta on the northeast, Alacantí and Alcoià on the west and the Mediterranean Sea on the east. Marina Baixa and Marina Alta are commonly referred as Les Marines.

The interior of this comarca is mountainous, and it is dominated by the Serra d'Aitana whose highest peak is 1,500 m. The local fauna is composed by eagles, hawks, crows, blackbirds, swallows, foxes, wildcats, wild boars and many smaller animals. Rosemaries, pines, medlars and carobtrees are commonplace flora. The terrain is calcareous, so the landscape shows impressive caves and natural archways and fountains.

Tourism is the main economic resource. Fruit trees (especially orange and lemon trees), olive and almond trees are cultivated. The population of this comarca strongly increased in the last twenty years.

Aitana (mountain)
Aitana (Valencian: [ajˈtana], Spanish: [ajˈtana]) is a mountain massif that is part of Prebaetic System in the eastern end of the Iberian Peninsula. Administratively, the mountainous area is located in the Marina Baixa, Alcoià and Comtat comarcas in the northern part of Alicante province, Valencian Community, Spain. Its peak at 1,558 metres above sea level is the highest point of the province.
1883 Peninsula by-election
The 1883 Peninsula by-election was a by-election held on 22 January 1883 during the 8th New Zealand Parliament in the Otago electorate of Peninsula.

The by-election was caused by the death of the incumbent MP James Seaton on 10 November 1882. The by-election was won by William Larnach.

He was opposed by Bishop Moran and Michael Donnelly. One sub-headline on the result of the election was "Bishop defeated". Another report expected a "close run" between Larnarch and Donnelly, but the Bishop came second.

William Larnach
William James Mudie Larnach CMG (27 January 1833 – 12 October 1898) was a New Zealand businessman and politician. He is known for his extravagant incomplete house near Dunedin called Larnach's castle by his opponents and now known as Larnach Castle. He is also remembered for his suicide within parliament buildings when faced with bankruptcy and consequent loss of his seat in parliament.
Jim Stainton
James Kenneth Stainton (14 December 1931 – 2009) was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Mansfield Town.

He married the operatic soprano Margaret Gale in Sheffield in 1953. They separated in 1961 and later divorced.

Margaret Gale
Margaret Winifred Gale (10 September 1931 – 25 February 2025) was an English operatic soprano who sang leading roles with Sadler's Wells Opera Company (later to become English National Opera) throughout the 1960s and early 1970s.
Arthur Roy Clapham
Arthur Roy Clapham CBE, FRS (24 May 1904 – 18 December 1990), was a British botanist. Born in Norwich and educated at Downing College, Cambridge, Clapham worked at Rothamsted Experimental Station as a crop physiologist (1928–30), and then took a teaching post in the botany department at Oxford University. He was Professor of Botany at Sheffield University 1944–69 and vice chancellor of the university during the 1960s. He coauthored the Flora of the British Isles, which was the first, and for several decades the only, comprehensive flora of the British Isles published in 1952 and followed by new editions in 1962 and 1987. In response to a request from Arthur Tansley, he coined the term ecosystem in the early 1930s.

E. F. Warburg
Edmund Frederic "Heff" Warburg (22 March 1908 – 9 June 1966) was an English botanist, known as the co-author of two important British floras. The standard author abbreviation E.F.Warb. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Randam Varavu
Randam Varavu (transl. Second coming) is a 1990 Indian Malayalam-language crime thriller film, directed by K. Madhu and written by John Paul. The film stars Jayaram, Rekha, Jagathy Sreekumar and Sukumaran. The film's musical score is by Shyam. This film was a box office flop.

Shyam (composer)
Samuel Joseph (born 1937), better known as Shyam, is a music composer who works in Malayalam cinema.

From the mid-1970s to the late 1980s, Shyam had a prolific run as a composer in the Malayalam film industry, composing for nearly 200 films. Working with all major directors of the time, Shyam had scored for many hits of Jayan and the early films of Mammootty and Mohanlal.
Witch World (novel)
Witch World is a science fantasy   novel by American writer Andre Norton, published as a paperback original by Ace Books in 1963. It inaugurated the Witch World series and established a setting that she eventually shared with other writers.

The first hardcover edition was published by Gregg Press of Boston in 1977 as #1 in a set of seven called "The Witch World Novels of Andre Norton". Later it appeared in three-novel omnibus editions and in audiobook.

Andre Norton
Andre Alice Norton (born Alice Mary Norton, February 17, 1912 – March 17, 2005) was an American writer of science fiction and fantasy, who also wrote works of historical and contemporary fiction. She wrote primarily under the pen name Andre Norton, but also under Andrew North and Allen Weston. She was the first woman to be Gandalf Grand Master of Fantasy, to be SFWA Grand Master, and to be inducted by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame.
Unlovable (song)
"Unlovable" is a song by American rock band Beach Weather. It was released on August 12, 2022, as the second single from their debut studio album, Pineapple Sunrise. The song was later re-released on June 2, 2023, featuring English rock band Pale Waves.

Beach Weather
Beach Weather is an American indie rock band formed in 2015 by lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist Nick Santino, best known for their song "Sex, Drugs, Etc." which was certified Platinum on May 16, 2023.

Beach Weather has released four EPs and their debut full-length studio album, Pineapple Sunrise, was released on March 3, 2023, through Arista Records. They released their second studio album, Melt, on October 25, 2024, also through Arista Records.
Chileka International Airport
Chileka International Airport (IATA: BLZ, ICAO: FWCL) is an international airport in Malawi. It is located approximately 13 km (7 nmi; 8 mi), by road, northwest of Blantyre, the second largest city in the Republic of Malawi and the country's commercial and financial capital. Chileka is Malawi's second international airport, the other being Kamuzu International Airport, in Lilongwe, the nation's capital city.

Blantyre
Blantyre is Malawi's centre of finance and commerce, and its second largest city, with a population of 800,264 as of 2018. It is sometimes referred to as the commercial and industrial capital of Malawi as opposed to the political capital, Lilongwe. It is the capital of the country's Southern Region as well as the Blantyre District.
Highwood (electoral district)
Highwood is a provincial electoral district in southern Alberta, Canada. The district is one of 87 in the province mandated to return a single member to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta using the first past the post method of voting. The district was created in the 1971 boundary redistribution out of the old Okotoks-High River riding and the North part of Pincher Creek-Crowsnest. The district has favoured right leaning parties since its creation. Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta candidates held the district from 1975 until 2012 when they were unseated by the Wildrose Party.

The current representative is RJ Sigurdson, who was first elected in 2019.

RJ Sigurdson
Richard Junior (RJ) Sigurdson ECA MLA is a Canadian politician who has been the Alberta Minister of Agriculture and Irrigation since June 2023. He was elected in the 2019 Alberta general election to represent the electoral district of Highwood in the 30th Alberta Legislature.
Killing of Abu Sayed
Abu Sayed (Bengali: আবু সাঈদ, romanized: Ābu Sāīd; born c. 2001 – 16 July 2024) was a Bangladeshi student activist who was shot dead by the police on 16 July 2024, while participating in the 2024 quota reform movement. Sayed was a student of Begum Rokeya University and was involved in the protest in front of the university when the police engaged in lathi charges and opened fire on the students.

Bangladesh Police
The Bangladesh Police (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ পুলিশ, romanized: Baṅladeś Puliś) is the national law enforcement service of Bangladesh, operating under the Ministry of Home Affairs. It is responsible for maintaining peace, enforcing law and order, and ensuring the safety and security of citizens across the country. While primarily concerned with law enforcement and protection of individuals and property, the Bangladesh Police also play a significant role in the criminal justice system. Established before the 1971 Liberation War, the force contributed actively during the war and has since evolved into the country’s principal policing institution. The Bangladesh Police also participate in United Nations peacekeeping missions, providing personnel for international law enforcement and security operations.
Paul Kersey (actor)
Paul Kersey (born February 10, 1970) is an American actor.  He starred opposite Ning Jing in the Feng Xiaoning films Red River Valley (1997) and Lover's Grief over the Yellow River (1999).  Kersey also portrayed the younger version of David Banner in Hulk (2003).  On television, he played the son of James Coburn's character in Missing Pieces (2000). He has quit acting and has not returned to it. He lives now in Ada, Minnesota.

Lover's Grief over the Yellow River
Lover's Grief over the Yellow River (simplified Chinese: 黄河绝恋; traditional Chinese: 黃河絕戀; pinyin: Húanghé júeliàn) is a 1999 Chinese film directed by Feng Xiaoning. It was China's official Best Foreign Language Film submission at the 72nd Academy Awards, but did not receive a nomination. Feng considers it the second of his  "War and Peace" (战争与和平) trilogy.
Sphinganine
Sphinganine is a chemical compound of the sphingolipid class with molecular formula C18H39NO2.  Via the action of sphingosine kinase enzymes, it is converted to dihydrosphingosine 1-phosphate (sphinganine 1-phosphate), which has a variety of biological functions.

Sphinganine is one of many sphingoid bases (long-chain bases) besides sphingosine, which are backbones of sphingolipids. It is made by dehydrogenating 3-ketosphinganine, which is produced by condensation reaction of serine with palmitate. It is an intermediate in the biosynthesis of ceramide.

Sphinganine is a diastereomer of safingol.

Sphingosine kinase
Sphingosine kinase (SphK) is a conserved lipid kinase that catalyzes formation sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) from the precursor sphingolipid sphingosine. Sphingolipid metabolites, such as ceramide, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate, are lipid second messengers involved in diverse cellular processes.  There are two forms of SphK, SphK1 and SphK2.  SphK1 is found in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells, and migrates to the plasma membrane upon activation.  SphK2 is localized to the nucleus.
Novye Atagi
43°08′N 45°46′E﻿ / ﻿43.133°N 45.767°E﻿ / 43.133; 45.767

Novye Atagi (Russian: Но́вые Атаги́: Chechen: Жима АтагӀа, Ƶima Ataġa) is a rural locality (a selo) in Shalinsky District of the Chechen Republic, Russia, located 20 kilometers (12 mi) south of Grozny. Population: 8,728 (2010 Census); 8,741 (2002 Census).

Novye Atagi is separated from Starye Atagi by the Argun River. The Khasavyurt Accord was signed in the settlement.

Khasavyurt Accord
The Khasavyurt Accord (Chechen: Хаси-Эвлан Барт, Russian: Хасавюртовские соглашения), formally the Khasavyourt Joint Declaration and Principles for Mutual Relations, was an agreement that marked the end of the First Chechen War, signed in Khasavyurt in Dagestan on 30 August 1996 between Alexander Lebed and Aslan Maskhadov.
Alessandria della Rocca
Alessandria della Rocca (Sicilian: Lisciànnira di la Rocca) is a municipality of 2,350 inhabitants of the free municipal consortium of Agrigento and small agricultural town located in the  west central Sicily, southern Italy. 
It borders the municipalities of Bivona, Cianciana, San Biagio Platani, Sant'Angelo Muxaro and Santo Stefano Quisquina.

Sant'Angelo Muxaro
Sant'Angelo Muxaro (Italian: [sanˈtandʒelo muʃˈʃaːro]; Sicilian: Sant'Àncilu Muxaru or Musciaru; Arbëreshë Albanian: Shënt'Ëngjëlli) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Agrigento in the Italian region of Sicily, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) south of Palermo and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Agrigento. The town was founded and historically inhabited by the Arbëreshë community.

Sant'Angelo Muxaro borders the following municipalities: Agrigento, Alessandria della Rocca, Aragona, Casteltermini, Cattolica Eraclea, Cianciana, Raffadali, San Biagio Platani, Santa Elisabetta.
Dixie Union, Georgia
Dixie Union is an unincorporated community  and census-designated place (CDP) in Ware County, Georgia, United States. It lies north of Waycross on U.S. Route 1 and 23. The community is part of the Waycross Micropolitan Statistical Area.

The 2020 census listed a population of 184.

U.S. Route 1 in Georgia
U.S. Highway 1 (US 1) in the U.S. state of Georgia, which is concurrent for almost its entire length with State Route 4 (SR 4), is a highway traversing south–north through portions of Charlton, Ware, Bacon, Appling, Toombs, Emanuel, Jefferson, and Richmond counties in the southeastern and east-central parts of the state. In Georgia, the highway originates at US 1/US 23/US 301/State Road 15 (SR 15) at the St. Marys River and the Florida state line, where SR 4 reach their southern terminus. It travels to the Savannah River at the South Carolina state line in Augusta where the route continues to North Augusta, South Carolina. Here, SR 10 reaches its eastern terminus.
Sold Man
Satılmış Adam (English: Sold Man) is a 1977 Turkish political thriller action film directed by Remzi Aydın Jöntürk, the second piece of his Adam Trilogy. It comes after Yarınsız Adam (Man Without Tomorrow) of 1976 and before Yıkılmayan Adam (Indestructible Man) of 1977. It stars Cüneyt Arkın, Perihan Savaş and Nejat Özbek.

Remzi Aydın Jöntürk
Remzi Aydın Jöntürk (September 15, 1936 – September 2, 1987) was a Turkish filmmaker, actor, screenwriter, and producer. He directed more than 72 feature films in his long career.

Jöntürk is credited for creating and directing some of the most famous examples of the Turkish psychedelic cinema including Yarınsız Adam (The Man without Tomorrow) and Yıkılmayan Adam (The Indestructible Man), both starring Cüneyt Arkın as part of his psychedelic socio-political action The Adam Trilogy. He is considered one of the most prominent psychedelic-action film makers of 1970's Turkish cinema during its boom period.
McMug
McMug (Chinese: 麥嘜) is an anthropomorphic pig cartoon character from Hong Kong featured in comic strips, TV shows, and films. McMug first appeared in 1988, as the central character of a comic strip printed in the Ming Pao weekly magazine. McMug is drawn by cartoonist Alice Mak (麥家碧), with stories written by Brian Tse (謝立文).

Although McMug comics have a somewhat childish style, they often address serious social issues, including death, poverty, and single-parent families, making it resonate with adult audiences as well as children. The plotlines are also known for covering local cultural festivals, and celebrities, reflecting the deep roots of Hong Kong culture.

McMug has become one of the most popular cartoon figures in Hong Kong, appearing in books, movies, TV programs, stationery, bedding and apparently everything else that fits. McMug's distant cousin, McDull, is also enjoying huge success.

Manhua
Manhua (traditional Chinese: 漫畫; simplified Chinese: 漫画; pinyin: mànhuà) are Chinese-language comics produced in Greater China. Chinese comics and narrated illustrations have existed in China throughout its history.

They are usually graphic and can be written for a myriad of genres, including romance, fantasy, historical, thrillers, paranormal, and horror. The narratives are varied but often include tropes and plots common to Asian culture and settings.

The first major manhua magazine, Shanghai Sketch, first published in 1928. During the early 20th century, political manhua  were printed as propaganda during times of political upheaval. At the start of the 21st century, Chinese cartoonists began to publish manhua through social media and microblogging websites.
Trimbelle, Wisconsin
Trimbelle /trɪmˈbɛl/ trim-BEL) is a town in Pierce County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,511 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated communities of Beldenville and Ottman Corners are located in the town. The unincorporated community of Moeville is also located partially in the town.

Pierce County, Wisconsin
Pierce County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 42,212. Its county seat is Ellsworth. Pierce County is part of the Minneapolis–St. Paul–Bloomington, MN–WI Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The Spartan Dame
The Spartan Dame is a 1719 tragedy by the Irish writer Thomas Southerne. It was inspired by a story from Plutarch's Life of Aegis and was originally written as early 1687, but faced a long period of censorship and revision. The Drury Lane managers chose to revive it at a time of tension with the Stanhope-led government Whigs over licensing issues, and may have selected it because its plot subtly allowed them to demonstrate sympathy with the opposition Whigs led by Robert Walpole following the recent Whig Split.

The actor-manager at Drury Lane, Colley Cibber appeared as Crites. Other members of the cast included John Mills as Leonidas, Barton Booth as Cleombrotus, Robert Wilks as Eurytion, Anne Oldfield as Celona, John Corey as Agesilius, William Mills as Mandrocles, James Oates as Thracion, and Mary Porter as Thelamia.

James Oates
James Oates (died 1751) was a British stage actor.

Possibly of Irish birth, he was a long-standing member of the Drury Lane company from 1718, and also appeared at the summer fairs in London including Southwark and Bartholomew Fair. He specialised in supporting roles, often in comedies. He was with Drury Lane for twenty one seasons, and later also became a tavern-owner alongside his acting duties. Like several actors of the era he was a freemason. His wife and daughter were both actresses.
The Bully Pulpit
The Bully Pulpit: Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, and the Golden Age of Journalism is a 909-page historical nonfiction book written by Doris Kearns Goodwin that was published by Simon & Schuster in November 2013. The book centers on the relationship of Theodore Roosevelt and William Howard Taft and the activities of investigative journalists who impacted on public opinion during the Progressive Era. Upon its release, the book received positive reviews, with reviewers praising the research and readability, and won several accolades.

Doris Kearns Goodwin
Doris Helen Kearns Goodwin (born January 4, 1943) is an American biographer, historian, former sports journalist, and political commentator. She has written biographies of numerous U.S. presidents. Goodwin's book No Ordinary Time: Franklin and Eleanor Roosevelt: The Home Front in World War II won the Pulitzer Prize for History in 1995. Goodwin produced the American television miniseries Washington. She was also executive producer of Abraham Lincoln, a 2022 docudrama on the History Channel. This latter series was based on Goodwin's Leadership in Turbulent Times.
Oficina de Envigado
La Oficina de Envigado (English: The Office of Envigado) is a drug cartel and criminal organization originally founded as an enforcement wing and debt collection service of Pablo Escobar's Medellín Cartel. Despite being noted for its historical affiliation with drug trafficking and other organized crime activities, Oficina de Envigado's criminal activities were no longer centered on direct involvement in such activity by 2019 and are now mainly focused on providing services to lower level drug traffickers and mafia groups. It operates throughout Colombia, but mainly in the cities of Medellín and Envigado. It also controlled extortion, gambling, and money laundering businesses within the Valle de Aburrá that surrounds Medellín.  It positioned itself as the chief mediator and debt collector in drug trafficking disputes and maintained major connections with Colombian paramilitaries and guerillas.

Drug cartel
A drug cartel   is a criminal organization composed of independent drug lords who collude with each other in order to improve their profits and dominate the illegal drug trade. Drug cartels form with the purpose of controlling the supply of the illegal drug trade and maintaining prices at a high level. The formations of drug cartels are common in Latin American countries. Rivalries between multiple drug cartels cause them to wage turf wars against each other. Drug cartels often transport both drugs and narcotics, and most often the term "Narcotics cartel" is not used to describe an organization that transports the latter legally defined set of illegal substances, such as marijuana.
William Edward Frank Britten
William Edward Frank Britten (1848  – 1916) was a British painter and illustrator. It is known that he worked in London, England starting in 1873 and that he stayed in the city until at least 1890. Britten's work ranged in style from to traditional Victorian to Pre-Raphaelite, and his artistic medium ranged from paintings to book illustrations. His paintings have mostly been praised by critics with his illustrations having been treated as either neutral or favourable by reviewers.

The Lady of Shalott
"The Lady of Shalott" (/ʃəˈlɒt/) is a lyrical ballad by the 19th-century English poet Alfred Tennyson and one of his best-known works. Inspired by the 13th-century Italian short prose text La Damigella di Scalot, the poem tells the tragic story of Elaine of Astolat, a young noblewoman stranded in a tower up the river from Camelot. Tennyson wrote two versions of the poem, one published in 1832 (in Poems, incorrectly dated 1833), of 20 stanzas, the other in 1842, of 19 stanzas (also in a book named Poems), and returned to the story in "Lancelot and Elaine". The vivid medieval romanticism and enigmatic symbolism of "The Lady of Shalott" inspired many painters, especially the Pre-Raphaelites and their followers, as well as other authors and artists.
Eva Rittmeister
Eva Rittmeister (born 5 July 1913 in Zeitz, died 19 July 2004 in Remchingen) was a German paediatric nurse, later office worker who became a resistance fighter against the Nazis. During World War II, Rittmeister became involved a Berlin-based resistance group that later became known as the Red Orchestra ("Rote Kapelle").

Remchingen
Remchingen (German pronunciation: [ˈʁɛmçɪŋən] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Enz district, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, situated on the river Pfinz, 14 km southeast of Karlsruhe, and 12 km northwest of Pforzheim.