hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nandanam
Nandanam is a neighborhood in Chennai, India. It is located on the northern banks of Adyar River, on the other side of Kotturpuram, and is bound by Saidapet, T. Nagar and Teynampet. In addition to a number of institutions and companies, Nandanam offers a calm residential location. It is known for the Nandanam Arts College that was established in 1901 and the Nandanam Junction, commonly referred as "Nandanam signal", on the arterial Anna Salai—one of the busiest traffic junctions in Chennai.

Government Arts College for Men, Nandanam
Government Arts College for Men (Autonomous), Nandanam, is a general degree college located at Nandanam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu. It was established in the year 1901. The college is affiliated with University of Madras. This college offers different courses in arts, commerce and science.
Military Academy of Agulhas Negras
The Military Academy of Agulhas Negras (Portuguese: Academia Militar das Agulhas Negras, AMAN) is a service academy for training of officer cadets of the Brazilian Army. It originated in 1792 with the creation of the Royal Academy of Artillery, Fortification and Drawing, the first military school of the Americas. It is located in Resende, in the state of Rio de Janeiro.

It is the only institution that trains career officers in the Infantry, Cavalry, Artillery, Engineering and Communications branches, as well as the Ordnance Corps and the Army Quartermaster Corps.

Military academy
A military academy or service academy is an educational institution which prepares candidates for service in the officer corps. It normally provides education in a military environment, the exact definition depending on the country concerned.

Three types of academy exist: pre-collegiate-level institutions awarding academic qualifications, university-level institutions awarding bachelor's-degree-level qualifications, and those preparing officer cadets for commissioning into the armed services of the state.

A naval academy is either a type of military academy (in the broad sense of that term) or is distinguished from one (in the narrow sense). In U.S. usage, the Military, Merchant Marine, Naval, Coast Guard, and the Air Force Academy serve as military academies under the categorization of service academies in that country.
Appleby Hall
Appleby Hall was a manor house or stately home built in the small hamlet of Appleby Parva, on the outskirts of Appleby Magna.

A Manor was mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086, and there have been several houses on the site until the final building, a Classical-style Stately Home known as Appleby Hall, was built in the 1830s.

Like many landed families, the Moore family who owned it fell on hard times, and the Hall was demolished in the 1920s.

Sir John Moore Church of England Primary School
Sir John Moore Church of England Primary School, previously known as Appleby Grammar School, is a junior school situated in the village of Appleby Magna, in Leicestershire, England. The school was constructed between 1693 and 1697, based on an original design by Sir Christopher Wren and Sir William Wilson. The school was established and financed by Sir John Moore, the younger son of the local squire who became Lord Mayor and Alderman of London. The school occupies an elevated position to the south of the village and sits in its own walled, landscaped grounds totaling just over 3.5 acres (14,000 m2). The main school building is Grade I listed; the gates, gatepiers, wall and outbuildings are all Grade II listed. The primary school was rated "outstanding" in its last Ofsted inspection.
India national badminton team
The India national badminton team is the representative of India in international men's and women's badminton team tournaments. It is governed by the Badminton Association of India. The men's team won the Thomas Cup in 2022, while the women's team have been semi-finalists at the Uber Cup in 2014 and 2016. The team competed in the 2011 Sudirman Cup and shared the fifth rank and also repeated the performance in 2017.

The Indian team is currently 8th in the world rankings. The players have won 3 medals at the Summer Olympics, 14 at the World Championships, 7 at the Asian Games, 18 at the Asian Championships and 25 at the Commonwealth Games.

2014 Thomas & Uber Cup
The 2014 Thomas & Uber Cup was the 28th tournament of the Thomas Cup and 25th tournament of the Uber Cup, the badminton team championships for men and women respectively. It was held on 18–25 May 2014 at the Siri Fort Sports Complex in New Delhi, India. This is the first time India hosted the two cups.

The Thomas Cup final featured two teams not expected to make it there as Japan faced Malaysia. In a back-and-forth contest, Japan came out on top by a score of 3 matches to 2, winning their first Thomas Cup. The Uber Cup final featured the top two teams, China and Japan. Backed by wins from the world's top two singles players, China came out on top by a 3–1 score. It was their 13th title overall.
Aguilas–UMak F.C.
Aguilas–UMak Football Club is a Filipino professional football club based in the city of Makati, Metro Manila. The team currently plays in the Philippines Football League, the top-flight league of football in the Philippines. It was formerly known as Davao Aguilas Football Club.

During the time of its participation in the Philippines Football League, the club was the sole Mindanao-based club in the league. It left from the Philippines Football League and was disbanded after the conclusion of the 2018 season, following disagreements regarding supposed successor league to the Philippines Football League. However, the club resumed operations again in July 2020, focusing on youth football development.

Shonan Bellmare
Shonan Bellmare (湘南ベルマーレ, Shōnan Berumāre) is a Japanese professional football club based in Hiratsuka, in the west of Kanagawa Prefecture, part of the Greater Tokyo Area. The club will play in the J2 League, the second tier of football in the country as of the season 2026–27, after relegated from J1 League, with three matches remaining. Their home stadium is Hiratsuka Athletics Stadium. Shonan refers to a coastal area along Sagami Bay that includes Hiratsuka. Bellmare is a portmanteau of the Italian words bello and mare, meaning "beautiful sea".
Passion (Pendragon album)
Passion is the ninth studio album by English neo-prog group Pendragon. It was released as a special edition on 11 April 2011 on Madfish, a division label of Snapper Music and in regular form through Toff Records, the band's own imprint. Two packaging formats of the Madfish album exist, digi-book and super jewel case both accompanied by a DVD featuring a behind-the-scenes footage titled 'Progumentary', filmed by the band themselves during the recording of the album. There is also a two-disc, three-sided orange coloured vinyl edition with gatefold sleeve.

Pendragon (band)
Pendragon are an English neo-prog band established in 1978 in Stroud, Gloucestershire as Zeus Pendragon by guitarist and vocalist Nick Barrett. The word Zeus was dropped before the band started recording, as the members decided it was too long to look good on a T-shirt. There were a few personnel changes in the early days, but since 1986 the lineup has remained relatively stable (with only the drummer changing several times since then) and the band are still active as of 2025.
Heinrich Otto Wilhelm Bürger
Heinrich Otto Wilhelm Bürger (4 May 1865 Hannover – 18 January 1945, Törwang) was a German  zoologist who specialised in Nemertea. He studied at several universities and at Stazione Zoologica in Naples. He gained his doctorate  at the University of Göttingen under Ernst Ehlers. Between 1900 and 1908, he was Professor and Director of theZoology museum in Santiago de Chile. He later, still in South America, lived as a gentleman scientist, travel writer and economic geographer.

Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn
The Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn is a research institute in Naples, Italy, devoted to basic research in biology. Research is largely interdisciplinary involving the fields of evolution, biochemistry, molecular biology, neurobiology, cell biology, biological oceanography, marine botany, molecular plant biology, benthic ecology, and ecophysiology.

Founded in 1872 as a private concern by Anton Dohrn, in 1982 the Stazione Zoologica came under the supervision and control of the Ministero dell'Università e della Ricerca Scientifica e Tecnologica (Ministry of Universities and Scientific and Technological Research) as a National Institute.
Where You Are (Jessica Simpson song)
"Where You Are" is a song by American recording artist Jessica Simpson from her debut studio album Sweet Kisses. The single was released after strong commercial interest in her first single "I Wanna Love You Forever". Written by Louis Biancaniello, Sam Watters, A. Stamatopoulou, Nick Lachey and produced by Louis Biancaniello, Sam Watters, the song (which is a collaboration with Nick Lachey) was released as Simpson's second single  and as the lead single in the Here on Earth soundtrack on February 21, 2000, by Columbia. The song reached number 62 on the US Billboard, becoming Simpson's second Hot 100 chart entry. The single is most known for being the first single that Simpson professionally recorded with Lachey. (The couple recorded several other duets, including, "A Whole New World" and "Baby, It's Cold Outside".)

Here on Earth (film)
Here on Earth is a 2000 American romantic drama film directed by Mark Piznarski from a screenplay by Michael Seitzman. The film stars Chris Klein, Leelee Sobieski, and Josh Hartnett. The original music score was composed by Kelly Jones and Andrea Morricone.
South Australian State Emergency Service
The South Australian State Emergency Service (SASES, commonly known as the SES) is the South Australian branch of the State Emergency Service, a partner of the Australian Council of State Emergency Services (ACSES). The agency, founded in 1962, is a volunteer-based civil defence organisation that prepares and responds to both man-made and natural disasters within the state. It receives, on average, 10,000 calls for assistance per year. The SASES is a separate entity, independent of other state SES organisations, and reports to the South Australian Minister for Emergency Services. The service is funded by a levy imposed on every household in South Australia, and is currently led by Chief Officer Chris Beattie with assistance from the South Australian Fire and Emergency Services Commission (SAFECOM).

State Emergency Service
The State Emergency Service (SES) is the name used by a number of separate civil defence organisations in Australia that provide assistance during and after major incidents. Specifically, the services deal with fires, floods, storms and tsunamis, but can also assist in other emergencies, such as vertical and road crash rescues, missing person searches and medical evacuations. The SES also has the capacity to respond to man-made disasters, including nuclear, biological and chemical incidents. In other scenarios, the SES may act in a supporting capacity to assist other agencies, such as police and fire brigades. Most SES divisions are operational 24 hours a day. The SES is constituted as separate organisations under the various Australian states and territories. Eight of the SES organisations co-ordinate through the Australian Council of State and Territory Emergency Services (ACSES).
Edith Clampton
Mrs. Edith Clampton was a pseudonymous writer to the "Post Bag" (the letters to the editor section) of the Thai English newspaper, the Bangkok Post. Because of her frequent, comedically opinionated and often bizarre letters she came to be identified with the paper's letters page.

She first appeared in the early 1990s and continued contributing on a casual basis until 1996. She was portrayed as an upper-class conservative expatriate of uncertain nationality, with two servants: her maid "Khun Hazel" and her driver "Khun Parker".  Her regular appearances kept Post Bag pages topical and controversial. A collection of her letters and replies was published by the newspaper in 1996. Although the editorial staff of the newspaper were made aware of the true identity of Clampton so that they could avoid publishing any forgeries, the creator of the pen name remains a secret.

Bangkok Post
The Bangkok Post is an English-language daily newspaper published in Bangkok, Thailand. It is published in broadsheet and digital formats. The first issue was sold on 1 August 1946. It had four pages and cost one baht, a considerable amount at the time when a baht was a paper note. It is Thailand's oldest newspaper still in publication. The daily circulation of the Bangkok Post is 110,000, 80 percent of which is distributed in Bangkok and the remainder nationwide. It is considered a newspaper of record for Thailand.

From July 2016 until mid-May 2018, the editor of the Bangkok Post was Umesh Pandey. On 14 May 2018, Pandey was "forced to step down" as editor after refusing to soften coverage critical of the ruling military junta.
Aja Kong
Erika Shishido (宍戸 江利花, Shishido Erika; born September 25, 1970) is a Japanese professional wrestler better known by her ring name Aja Kong (アジャ・コング, Aja Kongu). She currently makes appearances on the Japanese independent circuit and for Tokyo Joshi Pro-Wrestling (TJPW). She is the founder of the Arsion all-women professional wrestling promotion and has won several championships in both singles and tag-team divisions throughout her career, primarily while with All Japan Women's Pro-Wrestling.

Oz Academy
Oz Academy (OZアカデミー, OZ Akademī) is a Japanese joshi puroresu or women's professional wrestling promotion founded by Mayumi Ozaki. The promotion's full official name is Oz Academy Women's Professional Wrestling (OZアカデミー女子プロレス, OZ Akademī Joshi Puroresu). In addition to the contracted members of the roster, Oz Academy has also employed some of the top freelancers in all of joshi puroresu, including Ayumi Kurihara, Hiroyo Matsumoto, Manami Toyota and Tomoka Nakagawa. The promotion has a television deal with Gaora.
Tshering Yangdon
Tshering Yangdon (Dzongkha: ཚེ་རིང་དབྱང་སྒྲོན, born 21 June 1959) is the third wife of the former Bhutanese king, Jigme Singye Wangchuck. She is the Queen Mother (Gyalyum Kude) of Bhutan, as the mother of the current Bhutanese king Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck. She is also the mother of King Jigme Khesar's two younger full siblings, Princess Ashi Dechen Yangzom (b. 1981) and Prince Gyaltshab Jigme Dorji (b. 1986).

Jigme Dorji Wangchuck (born 1986)
Prince Gyaltshab Jigme Dorji Wangchuck (Dzongkha: འཇིགས་མེད་རྡོ་རྗེ་དབང་ཕྱུག་མཆོག, born 12 April 1986) is the third eldest Prince of Bhutan. His brother Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck became the king following the abdication of his father on 14 December 2006.

Prince Jigme Dorji is the fourth son of the fourth King of Bhutan Jigme Singye Wangchuck from Queen Mother Ashi Tshering Yangdon Wangchuck. His family includes an older brother, and an older sister, Princess Ashi Dechen Yangzom Wangchuck, as well as three half-brothers and four half-sisters.
Soudersburg, Pennsylvania
Soudersburg is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in East Lampeter and Leacock townships in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2010 census, the population was 540.

East Lampeter Township, Pennsylvania
East Lampeter Township is a township in central Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 17,834.

East Lampeter Township is one of the six suburbs that border the city of Lancaster, all sharing the same ZIP code with Lancaster. Though the township is predominantly rural and agricultural, the busy highway U.S. 30, also known as the Lincoln Highway, crosses the township from the northwest to the southeast, traveling about eight and one-half miles. The two and one-half mile stretch bordering the city of Lancaster is very congested and serves many businesses including East Town Mall, the Lancaster Mennonite School, Dutch Wonderland amusement park, Tanger Outlets, The Shops at Rockvale, and several hotels and fast food businesses.
Stobiec, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Stobiec [ˈstɔbjɛt͡s] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stegna, within Nowy Dwór Gdański County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Stegna
Gmina Stegna is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Dwór Gdański County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

The gmina seat is Stegna, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of Nowy Dwór Gdański and 36 km (22 mi) east of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 169.57 square kilometres (65.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 9,519.
Anonymi Chronicon Austriacum
The Anonymi Chronicon Austriacum (Anonymous Austrian chronicle) is an anonymous Middle Latin chronicle that covers the years 973–1327. It was first published in 1793 by Adrian Rauch alongside the Annales Zwetlenses, both from a paper manuscript he found in the Bibliotheca Palatina Vindobonensis (Palatine Library of Vienna).

It is an important source for the late 13th and early 14th century in Austria. It also contains pertinent information about France during the reigns of the German kings Adolf (1292–98) and Albert I (1298–1308). It is the only source for the Mongol raid in the Latin Empire in 1242. Its account of this raid was copied into the Chronicon Leobiense and the Continuatio Sancrucensis.

Mongol invasion of the Latin Empire
In the summer of 1242, a Mongol force invaded the Latin Empire of Constantinople. This force, a detachment of the army under Qadan then devastating Bulgaria, entered the empire from the north. It was met by the Emperor Baldwin II, who was victorious in a first encounter but was subsequently defeated.

The encounters probably took place in Thrace, but little can be said about them owing to the paucity of sources. Subsequent relations between Baldwin and the Mongol khans have been taken as evidence by some that Baldwin was captured and forced to make submission to the Mongols and pay tribute. Together with the major Mongol invasion of Anatolia the following year (1243), the Mongol defeat of Baldwin precipitated a power shift in the Aegean world.
Nepenthes deaniana
Nepenthes deaniana (/nɪˈpɛnθiːz ˌdiːniˈɑːnə/; after Dean C. Worcester) is a tropical pitcher plant endemic to the Philippines, where it grows at an altitude of 1,180–1,296 m above sea level. The species is known only from the summit region of Thumb Peak, a relatively small, ultramafic mountain in Puerto Princesa Province, Palawan.

Nepenthes deaniana has no known natural hybrids. No forms or varieties have been described.

In his Carnivorous Plant Database, taxonomist Jan Schlauer treats N. gantungensis, N. leonardoi and N. mira as heterotypic synonyms of N. deaniana.

Adolph Daniel Edward Elmer recorded a plant from Mount Pulgar (now known as Thumb Peak) matching the description of N. deaniana. He made mention of this discovery in the April 20, 1912 issue of Leaflets of Philippine Botany, in his formal description of N. graciliflora:

Recently the writer [Elmer] observed a large sterile species on mount Pulgar of Palawan. Some of its pitchers were a foot long and six inches thick!

Thumb Peak (Palawan)
Thumb Peak is a small mountain in central Palawan, Philippines, and is the highest point in the Thumb Range. Like Mount Mantalingahan and Mount Victoria further south, Thumb Peak is part of the Mount Beaufort Ultramafics geological area, a series of ultramafic outcrops of Eocene origin that emerge in various parts of the island.

The mountain was formerly known as Mount Pulgar, a name it acquired during the Spanish Colonial period. Pulgar, means thumb in Spanish, and the name was probably translated directly to English following the ousting of Spain during the Spanish–American War. The name may have arisen as a result of the mountain's profile, which vaguely resembles the tip of a thumb protruding from a clenched fist.

The upper reaches of Thumb Peak are populated by species associated with ultramafic soils, including a number of endemics, such as the tropical pitcher plant Nepenthes deaniana, rediscovered on the mountain in 2007 for the first time since its description in 1908.
2019–20 Eredivisie (women)
The 2019–20 Eredivisie Vrouwen is the tenth season of the Netherlands women's professional football league. The season was intended to last from 23 August 2019 to 22 May 2020, but was suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Twente began the season as defending champion, and no new champion was crowned.

FC Twente (women)
FC Twente Vrouwen is a women's football club based in Enschede that competes in the Vrouwen Eredivisie, the top league in the Netherlands. Founded in 2007, it is one of the original members of the Eredivisie. It is the most successful modern Dutch women's club, winning 10 national championships, including two BeNe League titles, as well as winning the KNVB Women's Cup, KNVB Women's Super Cup, and Eredivisie Cup four times each. Its home ground is Sportpark Schreurserve in Enschede, with important matches, including some UEFA Champions League matches, played at the larger De Grolsch Veste.
Environmental history of the United States
The Environmental history of the United States covers the history of the environment over the centuries to the late 20th century, plus the political and expert debates on conservation and environmental issues. The term "conservation" appeared in 1908 and was gradually replaced by "environmentalism" in the 1970s as the focus shifted from managing and protecting natural resources to a broader concern for the environment as a whole and the negative impact of poor air or water on humans. The late twentieth century saw a shift towards “environmental justice,” highlighting the way in which environmental benefits and burdens are unevenly distributed across lines of race, class, and ethnicity.

For recent history see Environmental policy of the United States.

David Brower
David Ross Brower (/ˈbraʊ.ər/ BROW-ər; July 1, 1912 – November 5, 2000) was a prominent environmentalist and the founder of many environmental organizations, including the John Muir Institute for Environmental Studies (1997), Friends of the Earth (1969), Earth Island Institute (1982), North Cascades Conservation Council, and Fate of the Earth Conferences. From 1952 to 1969, he served as the first Executive Director of the Sierra Club, and served on its board three times: from 1941–1953; 1983–1988; and 1995–2000 as a petition candidate enlisted by reform-activists known as the John Muir Sierrans. As a younger man, he was a prominent mountaineer.
Holy Trinity Church, Bickerton
Holy Trinity Church stands to the north of the village of Bickerton, Cheshire, England. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II listed building. It is an active Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Chester, and the deanery of Malpas. Its benefice is combined with those of St Wenefrede, Bickley, St John, Burwardsley and All Saints, Harthill.

Bickerton, Cheshire
Bickerton is a village and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, about 8 miles (13 km) north of Whitchurch in Shropshire. The parish also includes the small settlement of Gallantry Bank, with a total population of over 200. The two Bickerton Hills also lie partly within the civil parish.