hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
AI trust paradox
The AI trust paradox (also known as the verisimilitude paradox) is the phenomenon where advanced artificial intelligence models become so proficient at mimicking human-like language and behavior that users increasingly struggle to determine if the information generated is accurate or simply plausible.

Unlike earlier concerns such as Moravec's paradox, which highlighted the surprising difficulty in replicating simple human functions in AI, and the automation paradox, which deals with balancing automation and human control, the AI trust paradox specifically addresses the issue of verisimilitude—the appearance of truth that leads to misplaced trust. The newer challenge arises from the inherent difficulty for users in distinguishing between genuine and misleading content produced by large language models (LLMs) as they become more adept at generating natural and contextually appropriate responses.

Verisimilitude
In philosophy, verisimilitude (or truthlikeness) is the notion that some propositions are closer to being true than other propositions. The problem of verisimilitude is the problem of articulating what it takes for one false theory to be closer to the truth than another false theory.

This problem was central to the philosophy of Karl Popper, largely because Popper was among the first to  affirm that truth is the aim of scientific inquiry while acknowledging that most of the greatest scientific theories in the history of science are, strictly speaking, false. If this long string of purportedly false theories is to constitute progress with respect to the goal of truth, then it must be at least possible for one false theory to be closer to the truth than others.
Berenice Abbott
Berenice Alice Abbott (July 17, 1898 – December 9, 1991) was an American photographer best known for her portraits of cultural figures of the interwar period, New York City photographs of architecture and urban design of the 1930s, and science interpretation of the 1940s to the 1960s.

Super Sight, also known as the Abbott Process, is a form of macro photography developed in the early 1940s by Berenice Abbott.

Museum of the City of New York
The Museum of the City of New York (MCNY) is a history and art museum in Manhattan, New York City. It was founded by Henry Collins Brown in 1923 to preserve and present the history of New York City and its people. It is located at 1220–1227 Fifth Avenue between East 103rd to 104th Streets, across from Central Park on Manhattan's Upper East Side, at the northern end of the Museum Mile section of Fifth Avenue.

The red brick with marble trim museum was built in 1929–30 and was designed by Joseph H. Freedlander in the neo-Georgian style, with statues of Alexander Hamilton and DeWitt Clinton by sculptor Adolph Alexander Weinman facing Central Park from niches in the facade.

The museum is a private non-profit organization which receives government support as a member of New York City's Cultural Institutions Group. Its other sources of income are endowments, admission fees, and contributions.
On Our Worst Behavior
On Our Worst Behavior is the debut album by American band Immature, released on September 22, 1992 on Virgin Records. It is also the only album to feature former member, Don "Half-Pint" Santos, who was replaced by Kelton "LDB" Kessee. Rapper Megan Thee Stallion sampled the song ''Is It Love This Time" for her song "Big Ole Freak" from her second EP Tina Snow.

Big Ole Freak
"Big Ole Freak" is a song by American rapper and songwriter Megan Thee Stallion. It was released to US rhythmic contemporary radio on January 22, 2019, as a single from her 2018 EP Tina Snow. It hit at number 99 on the US Billboard Hot 100, before ascending to number 65, becoming Megan Thee Stallion's first charting song. The single was certified Double Platinum by the RIAA for selling over 2 million units. "Big Ole Freak" has been noted by critics as one of Megan’s breakout songs that jumpstarted her career.
Johanneum
The Johanneum is a Renaissance building, originally desingated as Stallgebäude mit Harnischkammer because it was constructed as the elite part of the electoral mews. It was the first museum of modern times built in 1586-1588 and is located at the Neumarkt in Dresden.

Today the Johanneum is home to the Dresden Transport Museum (Verkehrsmuseum Dresden), which displays vehicles of all modes of transport and their history.

Neumarkt (Dresden)
The Neumarkt (German pronunciation: [ˈnɔʏmaʁkt] ⓘ) is a square and culturally significant section of central Dresden, Germany. The historic area was almost completely wiped out during the Allied bombing during the Second World War. After the war, Dresden fell under Soviet occupation, and later the communist German Democratic Republic, which rebuilt the Neumarkt area in socialist realist style and partially with historic buildings. However, huge areas and parcels of the place remained untilled. After the fall of Communism and German reunification, the decision was made to restore the Neumarkt to its pre-war look.
Jaret Reddick
Jaret Ray Reddick (born March 6, 1972)  is an American musician and voice actor. He is the lead vocalist, guitarist, and primary songwriter of the pop-punk band Bowling for Soup. He also voices Danny from Phineas and Ferb and has voiced Chuck E. Cheese since 2012.

Sorry for Partyin'
Sorry for Partyin' is the seventh studio album by American rock band Bowling for Soup. It is the band's final album to be released by Jive Records. It was released on October 12, 2009, debuting at No. 104 on the Billboard 200 and No. 47 on Rock albums. No single was released to the radio for the album.
Zack Kennedy
Zack Kennedy (born 15 May 1995) is an American tennis player.

Kennedy has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 818 achieved on 12 September 2016.

Kennedy made his ATP main draw debut at the 2016 BB&T Atlanta Open in the doubles draw partnering Christopher Eubanks. Kennedy played college tennis at Georgia State University.

2016 BB&T Atlanta Open
The 2016 BB&T Atlanta Open was a professional men's tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 29th edition of the tournament, and part of the 2016 ATP World Tour and the 2016 US Open Series. It took place at Atlantic Station in Atlanta, United States between August 1 and August 7, 2016. It was the second men's event of the 2016 US Open Series. Second-seeded Nick Kyrgios won the singles title.
John Collee
John Gerald Collee (born 1955) is a Scottish/Australian doctor, novelist and screenwriter whose films have three times been nominated for Oscars. Master and Commander was nominated for Best Film 2003, Happy Feet won Best Animation in 2006, and Tanna (2015) was nominated for Best Foreign Language Feature in 2015. His many other films, written or co-written, include Creation (2009), Hotel Mumbai (2018) and Lee. His novels include Kingsley's Touch, A Paper Mask, and The Rig. His TV adaptation of Boy Swallows Universe received critical acclaim upon release on Netflix in 2024.

Boy Swallows Universe (TV series)
Boy Swallows Universe is an Australian coming of age television miniseries for Netflix based on the semi-autobiographical novel of the same name by Trent Dalton. Produced by Andrew Mason and Troy Lum and written by John Collee, the story revolves around Eli Bell, a working-class youth who enters Brisbane's underworld to save his mother from danger. It features an ensemble cast led by Travis Fimmel, Phoebe Tonkin, Felix Cameron, Lee Tiger Halley, Zac Burgess, Simon Baker, Bryan Brown, Anthony LaPaglia and Sophie Wilde.

The series premiered on Netflix on 11 January 2024 to overwhelming praise from critics and audiences. The story, tone, acting and faithfulness to the source material were all subjects of particular acclaim. It received numerous accolades, including a record 10 Logie Award nominations.
Ralph Evans (footballer)
Denzil Ralph Evans (9 October 1915 – 20 February 1996) was an English association footballer.

Born in Hungerford, Evans' first club was Yeovil & Petters United. He joined Football League club Bury on amateur terms in 1934, turning professional at the end of the 1934–35 season. After spending the 1936–37 season at Halifax Town, Evans joined Watford, where he would remain for the rest of his career. The Second World War severely hampered Evans' career, but he managed to finish as Watford's top scorer in 1946–47. His playing days were ended the following year, but Evans stayed at the club as a coach until 1952. He died in 1996, aged 80.

Hungerford
Hungerford is a historic market town and civil parish in Berkshire, England, 8 miles (13 km) west of Newbury, 9 miles (14 km) east of Marlborough, and 60 miles (97 km) west of London. The population of the parish at the 2021 census was 5,869.

The Kennet and Avon Canal passes through the town alongside the River Dun, a major tributary of the River Kennet. The confluence with the Kennet is to the north of the centre, whence canal and river both continue east. Hungerford railway station is a minor stop on the Reading to Taunton Line.
Nishi Tokyo Bus
Nishi Tokyo Bus Co., Ltd. (西東京バス株式会社, Nishi Tōkyō Basu Kabusiki-gaisha) is a bus-operating company in western Tama Area, mainly in Hachioji and Akiruno, Tokyo, Japan. It has Tama Bus Co., Ltd. (多摩バス株式会社, Tama Basu Kabushiki-gaisha) in a subsidiary which once took charge of bus routes in western Hachioji area and Ome area, and expressway bus routes. Although it now belongs to Keio Group, it was originally a bus section of Ome Electric Railway Co. (present JR Ōme Line).

Oku-Tama Station
Oku-Tama Station (奥多摩駅, Oku-Tama-eki) is a passenger railway station in the town of Okutama, Tokyo, Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East). It is the western-most station in the Tokyo Metropolis.
Moose Jaw: There's a Future in Our Past
Moose Jaw: There's a Future in Our Past is a Canadian mid-length documentary film, written and directed by Rick Hancox and released in 1992.

A personal essay film, it details his reflections on his childhood in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, and the ways that the changing Canadian economy of the 1980s and early 1990s had greatly damaged the city by the time he returned for a visit in adulthood, including his own childhood house having been abandoned and boarded up, the city's train station having been closed due to the decline of rail travel, and the city having "museumified" itself by erecting the Mac the Moose statue as a tourist attraction.

The film premiered in the Canadian Perspective program at the 1992 Toronto International Film Festival, where it received an honorable mention from the Best Canadian Short Film award jury.

1992 Toronto International Film Festival
The 17th Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) took place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada between September 10 and September 19, 1992. Léolo was selected as the opening film.

Quentin Tarantino's debut film Reservoir Dogs premiered at the festival and won FIPRESCI International Critics' Award.
Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland
The speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland is elected by the members of the Queensland Legislative Assembly to preside over sittings of the Assembly and to maintain orderly proceedings. The Speaker must be a member of the Legislative Assembly. The position is currently held by Pat Weir, who was elected to the post on 26 November 2024.

Pat Weir
Patrick Thomas Weir (born 25 February 1960) is an Australian politician who has served as Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of Queensland since 2024. He has been the Liberal National Party member for Condamine in the Queensland Legislative Assembly since 2015.
The Sapphire Goddess: The Fantasies of Nictzin Dyalhis
The Sapphire Goddess: The Fantasies of Nictzin Dyalhis is a collection of fantasy and science fiction short stories by American writer Nictzin Dyalhis. It was first published in by DMR Books, appearing in paperback in March 2018, and as an ebook in June of the same year.

Nictzin Dyalhis
Nictzin Wilstone Dyalhis (June 4, 1873 – May 8, 1942) was an American chemist and short story writer who specialized in the genres of science fiction and fantasy. He wrote as Nictzin Dyalhis. During his lifetime he attained a measure of celebrity as a writer for the pulp fiction magazine Weird Tales.
A Shock
A Shock is a 2021 fiction novel written by Irish novelist Keith Ridgway. It was published by Picador in the United Kingdom, and by New Directions Publishing in the United States. It was shortlisted for the inaugural Goldsmiths Prize (2021) and won the James Tait Black Memorial Prize (2021).

Keith Ridgway
Keith Ridgway (born 2 October 1965) is an Irish novelist and short story writer. He has won the Rooney Prize for Irish Literature, the Prix Femina Etranger, the Prix du Premier Roman Etranger, the O. Henry Award, and the James Tait Black Memorial Prize.
Silvano Contini
Silvano Contini (born 15 January 1958) is an Italian former professional road bicycle racer. He was professional from 1978 to 1990, his main successes were the 1982 Liège–Bastogne–Liège of 1982, the 1985 Grand Prix du Midi Libre and the 1981 Tour of the Basque Country. He also won the Trofeo Baracchi in 1983 with Daniel Gisiger as well as four stages of the Giro d'Italia.

1981 Tour of the Basque Country
The 1981 Tour of the Basque Country was the 21st edition of the Tour of the Basque Country cycle race and was held from 6 April to 10 April 1981. The race started in Lazkao and finished at Iturriotz. The race was won by Silvano Contini of the Bianchi team.
15th César Awards
The 15th César Awards ceremony, presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma, honoured the best French films of 1989 and took place on 4 March 1990 at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées in Paris. The ceremony was chaired by Kirk Douglas and hosted by Ève Ruggiéri. Too Beautiful for You won the award for Best Film.

Noce Blanche
Noce Blanche (English: White Wedding) is a 1989 French romantic drama film written and directed by Jean-Claude Brisseau. It stars Vanessa Paradis, Bruno Cremer and Ludmila Mikaël, with François Négret, Jean Dasté and Véronique Silver.
Southern Kern Unified School District
The Southern Kern Unified School District is a school district in Kern County that serves the unincorporated Northern Antelope Valley communities of Rosamond and Willow Springs, California (USA).

The Southern Kern Unified School District has 8 schools:

2 elementary schools

1 junior high school

1 high school

2 independent study also known as home schools

2 alternative education schools

Antelope Valley
The Antelope Valley is a valley primarily located in northern Los Angeles County, California, United States and the southeast portion of Kern County, and constitutes the western tip of the Mojave Desert. It is situated between the Tehachapi, Sierra Pelona, and the San Gabriel Mountains.  The valley was named for the pronghorns that roamed there until they were all eliminated in the 1880s, mostly by hunting, or resettled in other areas. The principal cities in the Antelope Valley are Palmdale and Lancaster.
Tatarbunary urban hromada
Tatarbunary urban hromada (Ukrainian: Татарбунарська міська громада) is a hromada in Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion of Odesa Oblast in southwestern Ukraine. Population: 24,190 (2015 est.)

The hromada consists of a city of Tatarbunary and 9 villages:

The Tatarbunary urban hromada had 25,887 inhabitants in 2001, out of which 4,333 spoke Bulgarian (16.74%), 15,599 spoke Ukrainian (60.26%), 3,172 spoke Romanian (12.25%), 2,547 spoke Russian (9.84%) and 36 spoke Gagauz (0.14%).

Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion
Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion (Ukrainian: Білгород-Дністровський район; Romanian: Raionul Cetatea Albă) is a raion (district) in Odesa Oblast of Ukraine. It is part of the historical region of Bessarabia. Its administrative center is the town of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi. Population: 196,618 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Odesa Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion was significantly expanded. Two abolished raions, Sarata and Tatarbunary Raions, as well as Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Municipality and part of Ovidiopol Raion, were merged into Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 59,349 (2020 est.).
S. R. Bommai
Somappa Rayappa Bommai (6 June 1924 – 10 October 2007) was an Indian Politician who was the 4thChief Minister of Karnataka. He was also the Human Resource Development Minister in the United Front government from 1996 to 1998. He is widely remembered as the champion for the landmark judgment of the Supreme Court of India, S. R. Bommai v. Union of India.

His son Basavaraj Bommai became the Chief Minister of Karnataka in 2021 making them only the second father and son duo after H. D. Devegowda and H. D. Kumaraswamy to become the Chief Ministers of Karnataka.

Janata Dal
Janata Dal (lit. 'People's Party') was an Indian political party which was formed through the merger of Lok Dal, Jagjivan's Congress, and Jan Morcha on 11 October 1988—the birth anniversary of Jayaprakash Narayan under the leadership of V. P. Singh.
Napoleon Buck House
Napoleon Buck House was a historic home located near Waverly, Lafayette County, Missouri.  It was built about 1873, and was a two-story, central passage plan, vernacular Greek Revival style brick I-house. It had a two-story rear ell supporting a double-gallery porch. It featured segmental arched openings.: 5  The house is no longer in existence.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

Waverly, Missouri
Waverly is a city in Lafayette County, Missouri, and part of the Kansas City metropolitan area within the United States. As of the 2020 census, Waverly had a population of 784.

Waverly is the location of Baltimore Bend Winery, one of the many small wineries established in the state since the 1960s. The Waverly Bridge over the Missouri River is located near here.
It is also home to General Jo Shelby, a hemp farmer who joined the Confederate cause in 1861.
Ed Richards (chief executive)
Edward Charles Richards (born 29 August 1965) is a Managing Partner at Flint business advisory, and previously was the Chief Executive of Ofcom, the independent regulator for the communications industry in the United Kingdom. He stepped down in December 2014.

Richards attended the Portsmouth Grammar School, where he overlapped with Mel Stride, who is now a Conservative MP for Central Devon. He graduated from the London School of Economics with an Economics degree.

Richards was previously a Senior Policy Advisor to Prime Minister Tony Blair and before that Controller of Corporate Strategy at the BBC. He has also worked in consulting at London Economics Ltd, and as an advisor to Gordon Brown.

The Portsmouth Grammar School
The Portsmouth Grammar School (PGS) is a co-educational private day school in Portsmouth, England, located in the historic part of Portsmouth. It was founded in 1732 as a boys' school, and is located on Portsmouth High Street.
Young Charlatans
Young Charlatans were a briefly existing Australian punk rock band comprising Janine Hall on bass guitar, Jeffrey Wegener on drums, Ollie Olsen on vocals and guitar and Rowland S. Howard on guitar. They formed in 1977 and disbanded in the following year.

Rowland S. Howard
Rowland Stuart Howard (24 October 1959 – 30 December 2009) was an Australian rock musician, guitarist and songwriter, best known for his work with the post-punk group The Birthday Party and his subsequent solo career.
Santa Baby (film)
Santa Baby is an ABC Family Original Movie. It premiered on December 10, 2006, on ABC Family as part of their annual 25 Days of Christmas event. The film stars Jenny McCarthy, Ivan Sergei, and George Wendt and was filmed in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. It was directed by Ron Underwood.

Ron Underwood
Ronald Brian Underwood (born November 6, 1953) is an American film and television director, known for directing such films as Tremors (1990), City Slickers (1991), Heart and Souls (1993), and Mighty Joe Young (1998).
Alismatales
The Alismatales (alismatids) are an order of flowering plants including about 4,500 species. Plants assigned to this order are mostly tropical or aquatic. Some grow in fresh water, some in marine habitats. Perhaps the most important food crop in the order is the taro plant, Colocasia esculenta.

Araceae
The Araceae are a family of monocotyledonous flowering plants in which flowers are borne on a type of inflorescence called a spadix. The spadix is usually accompanied by, and sometimes partially enclosed in, a spathe (or leaf-like bract). Also known as the arum family, members are often colloquially known as aroids. This family of 114 genera and about 3,750 known species is most diverse in the New World tropics, although also distributed in the Old World tropics and northern temperate regions.
Line 2 (Changzhou Metro)
Line 2 of Changzhou Metro (Chinese: 常州地铁2号线) is a rapid transit line in Changzhou.

Construction for Line 2 began on 13 February 2017. The first phase runs from Qingfeng Park (青枫公园站) in the west to Wuyi Lu (五一路站) in the east. Line 2 opened on 28 June 2021.

Changzhou
Changzhou is a prefecture-level city in southern Jiangsu, China. It was previously known as Yanling, Lanling, and Jinling. Located on the southern bank of the Yangtze River, Changzhou borders the provincial capital of Nanjing to the west, Zhenjiang to the northwest, Wuxi to the east, and the province of Zhejiang to the south. The population of the Changzhou Municipality was 5,278,121 at the 2020 census. The city is the birthplace of Zhou Youguang who created the pinyin romanization system.
Pao de San Juan Bautista Municipality
The Pao de San Juan Bautista Municipality is one of the nine municipalities (municipios) that makes up the Venezuelan state of Cojedes and, according to the 2011 census by the National Institute of Statistics of Venezuela, the municipality has a population of 16,810. The town of El Pao is the municipal seat of the Pao de San Juan Bautista Municipality.

Cojedes (state)
Cojedes State (Spanish: Estado Cojedes, IPA: [esˈtaðo koˈxeðes]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. Located in the Central Region of Venezuela, its capital is San Carlos.

Cojedes State covers a total surface area of 14,800 km2 (5,700 sq mi) and, in 2011, had a census population of 323,165.
Reeb sphere theorem
In mathematics, Reeb sphere theorem, named after Georges Reeb, states that

A closed oriented connected manifold M n that admits a singular foliation having only centers  is homeomorphic to the sphere Sn and the foliation has exactly two singularities.

Georges Reeb
Georges Henri Reeb (12 November 1920 – 6 November 1993) was a French mathematician. He worked in differential topology, differential geometry, differential equations, topological dynamical systems theory and non-standard analysis.
Skiff Racing Association
The Skiff Racing Association (SRA) is the governing body in the United Kingdom for the sport of skiff racing. The SRA is affiliated to British Rowing. The objectives of the SRA are

(a)	To maintain the standard of sculling in skiff and kindred races

(b)	To promote the interests of skiff racing and kindred sports

Skiffing
Skiffing refers to the sporting and leisure activity of rowing (or more correctly sculling) a Thames skiff. The skiff is a traditional hand built clinker-built wooden craft of a design which has been seen on the River Thames and other waterways in England and other countries since the 19th century. Sculling is the act of propelling the boat with a pair of oars (or blades), as opposed to rowing which requires both hands on a single oar.