hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Andrzej Gąsiorowski
Andrzej Gąsiorowski  (born in 1950) is a research scientist at the Stutthof concentration camp Museum in Sztutowo, Professor in the Institute of Politology, Faculty of Social Sciences of the University of Gdańsk, awarded the title of profesor zwyczajny by the President of Poland, Bronisław Komorowski. He served as President of the Regional Commission of the Institute of National Remembrance in Gdańsk and, at present, is the President of the Scientific Advisory to the Baltic Institute. Gąsiorowski specializes in World War II history of Poland, with a focus on the anti-Nazi resistance in Pomerania. He is the author of books and monographs on this subject including genocidal operations against Poles by Nazi Germany such as the Intelligenzaktion and the massacres in Piaśnica.

University of Gdańsk
The University of Gdańsk (Polish: Uniwersytet Gdański, UG) is a public research university located in Gdańsk, Poland. It is one of the top 10 universities in Poland and an important centre for the studies of the Kashubian language.
Las Tunas Province
Las Tunas is one of the provinces of Cuba. Major towns include Puerto Padre, Amancio, and the capital city, Las Tunas (historically Victoria de Las Tunas). It occupies 6% of the country's land mass. The city of Las Tunas is its capital and most populous urban center. It is one of the youngest provinces, having been created in 1975 from territories belonging to the former provinces of Camagüey and Oriente.

Puerto Padre
Puerto Padre (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpweɾto paðɾe]) is a municipality and town in the Las Tunas Province of Cuba. It is located on the northern coastal region of the province, in an estuary (Estero El Españolito) that opens into the Puerto Padre Bay.
Listed buildings in Derwent, Derbyshire
Derwent is a civil parish in the High Peak district of Derbyshire, England.  The parish contains four listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  Following the building of Ladybower Reservoir the village of Derwent was flooded.  The listed buildings consist of the dam at the south end of the Derwent Reservoir, a war memorial moved from the village, a farmhouse and outbuilding, and a house and former school, later a community centre.

Derwent, Derbyshire
Derwent was a village 'drowned' in 1944 when the Ladybower Reservoir in Derbyshire, England, was created. The village of Ashopton, Derwent Woodlands church, and Derwent Hall were also 'drowned' in the construction of the reservoir.
Analise Ortiz
Analise Ortiz is an American politician, activist, and journalist who is a member of the Arizona Senate representing the 24th district. Prior to that she was a member of the Arizona House of Representatives.

Arizona's 24th legislative district
Arizona's 24th legislative district is one of 30 in the state, consisting of a section of Maricopa County. As of 2023, there are 38 precincts in the district, all in Maricopa, with a total registered voter population of 87,214. The district has an overall population of 234,992.

Following the 2020 United States redistricting cycle, the Arizona Independent Redistricting Commission (AIRC) redrew legislative district boundaries in Arizona. The 24th district was drawn as a majority Latino constituency, with 65% of residents being Hispanic or Latino. According to the AIRC, the district is outside of competitive range and considered leaning Democratic.
Gulf of St. Lawrence campaign (1758)
The Gulf of St. Lawrence campaign (also known as the Gaspee expedition) occurred during the French and Indian War (the North American theatre of the Seven Years' War) when British forces raided villages along present-day New Brunswick and the Gaspé Peninsula coast of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence.  Sir Charles Hardy and Brigadier-General James Wolfe were in command of the naval and military forces respectively. After the siege of Louisbourg, Wolfe and Hardy led a force of 1,500 troops in nine vessels to the Gaspé Bay arriving there on September 5. From there they dispatched troops to Miramichi Bay (September 12), Grande-Rivière, Quebec and Pabos (September 13), and Mont-Louis, Quebec (September 14). Over the following weeks, Sir Charles Hardy took 4 sloops or schooners, destroyed about 200 fishing vessels and took about two hundred prisoners.

Esgenoôpetitj First Nation
Esgenoôpetitj First Nation, also spelled Eskɨnuopitijk and formerly known as the Burnt Church Band or Burnt Church First Nation, is a Mi'kmaq First Nation band government in New Brunswick, Canada, centred south of the community of Lagacéville (approximately 4.5 km) and southwest of the village of Neguac (approximately 7 km) on Miramichi Bay. It covers two Indian reserves in Northumberland County (Esgenoôpetitj 14, previously Burnt Church 14, and Tabusintac 9) and two reserves in Gloucester County (Pokemouche 13) (Pabineau). The population was 1,715 as of 2011.  The Mi'kmaq call Burnt Church Esgenoôpetitj, which means "a lookout".
Aston Arena
The Aston Arena (formerly Aston Villa Leisure Centre and Aston Events Centre) was an indoor sports, music and community event venue located in Aston, Birmingham, West Midlands, England.

The venue was situated near to Villa Park, the home of Aston Villa F.C.

The venue played host to many sporting events, and was the home of the basketball teams Birmingham Bullets, Birmingham Athletics and Birmingham Panthers.

In the 1990s various global music acts from the charts performed there. Artists who performed at the venue include Bob Dylan, Black Sabbath, Paul Weller, Nirvana, Manic Street Preachers, The B52's, Crowded House, The Waterboys, Skunk Anansie, Deacon Blue, Pulp, Blur, and Morrissey, among others.

Birmingham Panthers
The Birmingham Panthers (official name Team Birmingham Panthers) was a professional basketball club based in the city of Birmingham, England . Established in 2007, the franchise competed in Britain's top-tier league, the British Basketball League during the 2007-08 season, but following a disastrous season and a lack of organisation, the franchise ceased operations in 2008, lasting just one year.
Louis Quilico
Louis Quilico, CC (January 14, 1925 – July 15, 2000) was a Canadian opera singer. One of the leading dramatic baritones of his day, he was an ideal interpreter of the great Italian and French composers, especially Giuseppe Verdi. He was often referred to as "Mr Rigoletto" in reference to the Verdi opera. During his 45-year-long career he shared performing credits with opera's greatest stars. He spent 25 consecutive years at the Metropolitan Opera in New York City. After his retirement from the stage in 1998 he continued to perform and record, most often with his second wife, pianist Christina Petrowska Quilico, CM OOnt FRSC, with whom he made four CDs. The couple also toured together extensively in concerts until Quilico's death in 2000. Quilico received the Governor General's Performing Arts Award, Canada's highest honour in the performing arts, in November 1999 for his lifetime contribution to classical music.

Esclarmonde
Esclarmonde (French pronunciation: [ɛsklaʁmɔ̃d]) is an opéra (French: opéra romanesque) in four acts and eight tableaux, with prologue and epilogue, by Jules Massenet, to a French libretto by Alfred Blau and Louis Ferdinand de Gramont. It was first performed at the Exposition Universelle on 15 May 1889 by the Opéra-Comique at the Théâtre Lyrique on the Place du Châtelet in Paris.

Esclarmonde is perhaps Massenet's most ambitious work for the stage and is his most Wagnerian in style and scope. In orchestral coloring and structure of melody, however, it follows French traditions. The opera has been revived sporadically in the modern era, most notably during the 1970s with Joan Sutherland, conducted by Massenet champion Richard Bonynge. The role of Esclarmonde is notoriously difficult to sing, with challenging stratospheric coloratura passages.
3-Aminophthalic acid
3-Aminophthalic acid is a product of the oxidation of luminol.  The reaction requires the presence of a catalyst.  A mixture of luminol and hydrogen peroxide is used in forensics.  When the mixture is sprayed on an area that contains blood, the iron in the hemoglobin in the blood catalyzes a reaction between the mixture, resulting in 3-aminophthalate which gives out light by   chemiluminescence.

Luminol reaction

Chemiluminescence
Chemiluminescence (also chemoluminescence) is the emission of light (luminescence) as the result of a chemical reaction, i.e. a chemical reaction results in a flash or glow of light.  A standard example of chemiluminescence in the laboratory setting is the luminol test.  Here, blood is indicated by luminescence upon contact with iron in hemoglobin. When chemiluminescence takes place in living organisms, the phenomenon is called bioluminescence. A light stick emits light by chemiluminescence.
Quriwayrachina, Ayacucho
Quriwayrachina, Quri Wayrachina (Quechua quri gold, wayrachina a special oven for smelting metal, "oven for smelting gold"), Hatun Quriwayrachina or Hatun Quri Wayrachina (Quechua hatun big, also spelled Qatun Quriwayrachina) is an archaeological site of the Inca period in Peru located in the Ayacucho Region, Lucanas Province, Carmen Salcedo District. It lies near the mountain Inka Pallanka which is venerated as an apu by the people of the area. There are two platforms which are known as Hatun Quri Wayrachina and Huch'uy Quri Wayrachina (Quechua huch'uy small, also spelled Uchuy Quriwayrachina) by the locals.  On April 20, 2011, the site was declared a National Cultural Heritage by Resolución Viceministerial No. 459-2011-VMPCIC-MC.

Inka Pallanka
Inka Pallanka (also spelled Incapallanca, Inkapallanka) is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 4,600 metres (15,092 ft) high. It is situated in the Ayacucho Region, Lucanas Province, on the border of the districts of Carmen Salcedo and Pukyu. By the local people the mountain is venerated as an apu.

The archaeological site of Quriwayrachina lies near Inka Pallanka.
Kiranmala (TV series)
Kiranmala is an Indian Bengali language television series which aired on Star Jalsha from 4 August 2014 to 19 November 2016. It was produced by Surinder Films and starred Rooqma Ray, Farhan Imroze and Chandrayee Ghosh. It was based on traditional folktales of the same name collected in Thakurmar Jhuli by Dakshinaranjan Mitra Majumder. The series was dubbed into Hindi, Tamil, and Odia and broadcast on Star Plus, Star Vijay and Tarantg TV. It returned in March 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The series re-aired a third time on Jalsha Movies on 13 May 2024.

Thakurmar Jhuli
Thakurmar Jhuli (Bengali: ঠাকুরমার ঝুলি; Grandmother's Bag [of tales]) is a collection of Bengali folk tales and fairy tales. The author Dakshinaranjan Mitra Majumder collected some folktales of Bengali and published some of them under the name of "Thakurmar Jhuli" in 1907 (1314 of Bengali calendar). The Nobel-Laureate, Rabindranath Tagore wrote the introduction to the anthology. Since then, it has become iconic in Bengali children's literature, becoming a household name in West Bengal and Bangladesh over the years.

Certain characters and stories like "Lalkamal-Nilkamal", "Buddhu-Bhutum" and "Byangoma-Byangomi", have gained legendary status. Hundreds of editions of this book have been published from Bangladesh and West Bengal since the original publication.
Houston Southwest Airport
Houston Southwest Airport or Houston-Southwest Airport (ICAO: KAXH, FAA LID: AXH) is a public-use airport located in Arcola, a city in Fort Bend County, Texas, United States, 15 miles (24 km) southwest of the central business district of Houston. It is privately owned by James Griffith, Jr.

Although most U.S. airports use the same three-letter location identifier for the FAA and IATA, Houston Southwest Airport is assigned AXH by the FAA but has no designation from the IATA.

Fort Bend County, Texas
Fort Bend County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. The county was founded on December 29, 1837, and organized the next year. It is named for a blockhouse at a bend of the Brazos River. The community developed around the fort in early days. The county seat is Richmond. The largest city located entirely within the county borders is Sugar Land. The largest city by population in the county is Houston, but most of Houston's population is located in neighboring Harris County.

Fort Bend County is included in the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan statistical area. As of the 2020 census, its population was 822,779, making it the state's eighth-most populous county, and was estimated to be 958,434 in 2024. In 2017, Forbes ranked it the fifth-fastest growing county in the United States.
Football Association of Malaysia
The Football Association of Malaysia (commonly abbreviated as FAM; Malay: Persatuan Bola Sepak Malaysia) is the national governing body of football in Malaysia, headquartered at Wisma FAM. The FAM is also one of the founding members of both the ASEAN Football Federation (AFF) and the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). It has been affiliated with FIFA since 1954. The FAM oversees the organisation and development of football and advancing the game at all levels in Malaysia, and is responsible for all aspects of the amateur and professional game in its territory. This includes the men's, women's and youth national football teams as well as the Malaysian Amateur Football League and Malaysia Premier Futsal League.

ASEAN Football Federation
The ASEAN Football Federation (AFF) is an organisation within the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) and is an international governing body of association football, futsal, and beach soccer in Southeast Asia. It consists of the federations of Australia, Brunei, Cambodia, East Timor, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam.

The AFF was founded by member states of, and is officially associated with, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), even though it also includes Australia, a pacific nation, after leaving Oceania Football Confederation in 2006.
Man and Boy (play)
Man and Boy is a play by Terence Rattigan. It was first performed at The Queen's Theatre, London, and Brooks Atkinson Theatre, New York, in 1963, with Charles Boyer starring as Gregor Antonescu. It had a Broadway revival in 2011 with Frank Langella and Adam Driver.

Terence Rattigan
Sir Terence Mervyn Rattigan CBE (10 June 1911 – 30 November 1977) was a British dramatist and screenwriter. He was one of England's most popular mid-20th-century dramatists. His plays are typically set in an upper-middle-class background. He wrote The Winslow Boy (1946), The Browning Version (1948), The Deep Blue Sea (1952) and Separate Tables (1954), among many others.

A troubled gay man who saw himself as an outsider, Rattigan wrote a number of plays which centred on issues of sexual frustration, failed relationships, or a world of repression and reticence.
Govind P. Agrawal
Govind P. Agrawal is an Indian American physicist and a fellow of Optica, Life Fellow of the IEEE, and Distinguished Fellow of the Optical Society of India. He is the recipient of James C. Wyant Professorship of Optics at the Institute of Optics and a professor of physics at the University of Rochester. He is also a Distinguished scientist at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics (LLE) in the University of Rochester. Agrawal has authored and co-authored several highly cited books in the fields of non-linear fiber optics, optical communications, and semiconductor lasers.

IEEE Photonics Society
The IEEE Photonics Society, formerly the IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society (LEOS), is a society of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), focused on the scientific and engineering knowledge about the field of quantum electronics.
In the hierarchy of IEEE, the Photonics Society is one of the close to 40 technical societies organized under the IEEE Technical Activities Board.
Young Heroes in Love
Young Heroes in Love is an American comic book series published by DC Comics; it ran for 18 issues (including the #1,000,000 issue) from 1997 to 1998. An uncommon combination of the superhero and romance genres, it introduced two LGBT male characters into the DC Universe – Frostbite and Off-Ramp – who were depicted becoming a couple, which was considered groundbreaking for the time. Unusually for a comic set in an established publisher-owned universe, Dan Raspler and Dev Madan retained copyright to the stories and art.

Genesis (DC Comics)
"Genesis" is a comic book crossover storyline published by DC Comics that ran through a self-titled four-issue weekly miniseries and various tie-in issues, all cover-dated October 1997. The main miniseries was written by John Byrne and drawn by Ron Wagner.
Kula, Bulgaria
Kula (Bulgarian: Кула, pronounced [ˈkuɫɐ], lit. 'tower') is a town in northwestern Bulgaria. It is the administrative centre of Kula Municipality part of Vidin Province. Located just east of the Serbian-Bulgarian border, it is the third largest town in the province after Vidin and Belogradchik. Kula lies 30 kilometres west of Vidin and 13 kilometres east of the border checkpoint at Vrashka Chuka. As of 2021, the town had a population of 2,400.

Vidin Province
43°48′N 22°41′E﻿ / ﻿43.800°N 22.683°E﻿ / 43.800; 22.683

Vidin Province (Bulgarian: Област Видин) is the northwesternmost province of Bulgaria. It borders Serbia to the west and Romania to the northeast, and its administrative centre is the city of Vidin on the Danube river. The area is divided into 11 municipalities. As of 2023, the province had a population of 72,754.

There are remains of many castles, including Baba Vida, one of the last Bulgarian strongholds during the Ottoman invasion and the Belogradchik fortress.
Croatian literature
Croatian literature refers to literary works attributed to the medieval and modern culture of the Croats, Croatia, and Croatian. Besides the modern language whose shape and orthography were standardized in the late 19th century, it also covers the oldest works produced within the modern borders of Croatia, written in Church Slavonic and Medieval Latin, as well as vernacular works written in Čakavian and Kajkavian dialects.

Predrag Matvejević
Predrag Matvejević (7 October 1932 – 2 February 2017) was a Bosnian and Croatian writer and scholar. A literature scholar who taught at universities in Zagreb, Paris and Rome, he is best known for his 1987 non-fiction book Mediterranean: A Cultural Landscape, a seminal work of cultural history of the Mediterranean region which has been translated into more than 20 languages.
Theatre Royal (film)
Theatre Royal is a 1943 British comedy film directed by John Baxter and starring Bud Flanagan, Chesney Allen and Lydia Sherwood. It was written by Flanagan, Austin Melford and Geoffrey Orme. The plot concerns an attempt by the staff of a theatre to prevent its closure.

Chesney Allen
William Ernest Chesney Allen (5 April 1894 – 13 November 1982) was a popular English entertainer of the Second World War period. He is best remembered for his comedy and music double act with Bud Flanagan as duo Flanagan and Allen.
Lowes Island, Virginia
Lowes Island is a census-designated place (CDP) in Loudoun County, Virginia, United States. The population as of the 2010 United States census was 10,756. Along with nearby Countryside and Cascades, it is considered one of the three main components of the Potomac Falls community (ZIP code 20165).

The community takes its name from an island on the south shore of the Potomac River.

Loudoun County, Virginia
Loudoun County (/ˈlaʊdən/) is in the northern part of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. In 2020, the census returned a population of 420,959, making it Virginia's third-most populous county. The county seat is Leesburg. Loudoun County is part of the Washington–Arlington–Alexandria, DC–VA–MD–WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.

As of 2023, Loudoun County had a median household income of $156,821, the highest of any county or county equivalent in the nation.
John Rodolphus Kent
John Rodolphus Kent (died 1 January 1837), also known as Amukete, was a Royal Navy officer and trader who settled in New Zealand in 1827. He first started sailing to New Zealand from Port Jackson (Sydney) in New South Wales in 1820. He settled at Koutu Point near Opononi in the Hokianga in 1827 under the protection of the Ngāti Korokoro chief Moetara. He then moved to Kawhia in 1828 to trade with the Waikato tribes. There he met Te Wherowhero, the paramount chief of Waikato, and married his daughter Tiria. He died at Kahawai on the Manukau Harbour on 1 January 1837.

Pōtatau Te Wherowhero
Pōtatau Te Wherowhero (died 25 June 1860) was a Māori rangatira who reigned as the inaugural Māori King from 1858 until his death. A powerful nobleman and a leader of the Waikato iwi of the Tainui confederation, he was the founder of the Te Wherowhero royal dynasty. His 1858 coronation followed years of efforts to create the Kīngitanga, a Māori monarchy intended as an equivalent of the British monarchy, and to foster Māori nationalism against settler encroachment.

He was first known just as Te Wherowhero and took the name Pōtatau after he was crowned. As disputes over land grew more severe, Te Wherowhero found himself increasingly at odds with the Government and its policies. Although he accepted the throne reluctantly and reigned only briefly, he has been credited with establishing a number of historical precedents for the Kīngitanga that survive today, as well as more broadly for the rise of pan-Māori identity.
Ultra-linear
Ultra-linear electronic circuits are those used to couple a tetrode or pentode vacuum-tube (also called "electron-valve") to a load (e.g. to a loudspeaker).

'Ultra-linear' is a special case of 'distributed loading'; a circuit technique patented by Alan Blumlein in 1937 (Patent No. 496,883), although the name 'distributed loading' is probably due to Mullard. In 1938 he applied for the US patent 2218902. The particular advantages of ultra-linear operation, and the name itself, were published by David Hafler and Herbert Keroes in the early 1950s through articles in the magazine "Audio Engineering" from the USA. The special case of 'ultra linear' operation is sometimes confused with the more general principle of distributed loading.

Alan Blumlein
Alan Dower Blumlein (/ˈblʊmlaɪn/; 29 June 1903 – 7 June 1942) was an English electronics engineer, notable for his many inventions in telecommunications, sound recording, stereophonic sound, television and radar. He received 128 patents and was considered one of the most significant engineers and inventors of his time.

He died during World War II, on 7 June 1942, aged 38, during the secret trial of an H2S airborne radar system then under development, when all on board the Halifax bomber in which he was flying were killed when it crashed at Welsh Bicknor in Herefordshire.
Spacecom
Spacecom, or Space Communication (Hebrew: חלל תקשורת), is an Israeli communications satellite operator in the Middle East, European Union and North America headquartered in the city of Ramat Gan, Israel. Spacecom operates two satellites at orbital position 4° West – AMOS-3 and AMOS-7, one satellite at orbital position 65° East – AMOS-4, and one satellite at orbital position 17° East – AMOS-5.

AMOS-2 (satellite)
AMOS-2 is an Israeli commercial second generation communication satellite, part of the AMOS series of satellites. The satellite was positioned at 4° West longitude in the geostationary orbit. Transmission and communication services given by this satellite include: direct distribution of television and radio translations to communication centers, distribution of internet services, data transmissions to communication networks. The new satellite, like its predecessor, will be positioned 36,000 kilometers above the Earth, and it will lie close to AMOS-1, so that the two can share a single space antenna.