hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chelkans
The Chelkans (native name—Chalkandu, Shalkandu) are a small group of Turkic Indigenous people of Siberia. They speak the Northern Altai Chelkan language. Those residing in Altai Republic are sometimes grouped together with the Altai ethnic group and those in Kemerovo Oblast are grouped with the Shors; however, they are recognized as a separate ethnic group within the list of Indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East by ethnographers and the Resolution of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 255 dated March 24, 2000, and Russian Census (2002). But, during the 2010 census, they were again "united" with the Altaians. According to the 2010 census, there were 1,181 Chelkans in Russia.

Northern Altai language
Northern Altai or Northern Altay is a collective name for several tribal moribund Turkic dialects spoken in the Altai Republic of Russia. Though traditionally considered one language, Southern Altai and the Northern varieties are not fully mutually intelligible. Written Altai is based on Southern Altai, and is rejected by Northern Altai children.

Northern Altai is written in Cyrillic. In 2006, in the Altay kray, an alphabet was created for the Kumandin variety.
Exposition Flyer
The Exposition Flyer was a passenger train jointly operated by the Chicago, Burlington & Quincy (CB&Q), Denver & Rio Grande Western (D&RGW), and Western Pacific (WP) railroads between Chicago and Oakland, California, for a decade between 1939 and 1949, before being replaced by the famed California Zephyr.

Western Pacific Railroad
The Western Pacific Railroad (reporting mark WP) was a Class I railroad in the United States. It was formed in 1903 as an attempt to break the near-monopoly the Southern Pacific Railroad had on rail service into northern California. WP's Feather River Route directly competed with SP's portion of the Overland Route for rail traffic between Salt Lake City/Ogden, Utah, and Oakland, California, for nearly 80 years. The Western Pacific was one of the original operators of the California Zephyr passenger line.

In 1982, the Western Pacific was acquired by the Union Pacific Corporation and it was merged into the Union Pacific Railroad.
The Legends of Jigong
The Legends of Jigong is a Singaporean television series based on legends about Ji Gong (1130–1207), a Chinese Buddhist monk who is revered as a deity in Chinese folk religion and folk hero in Chinese culture. It was produced by the Television Corporation of Singapore (TCS) and was first aired in Singapore on TCS Eighth Frequency (now MediaCorp Channel 8) in 1996. Xie Shaoguang, who portrayed Ji Gong and sang the theme song for the series, was nominated for the Best Actor award at the 1997 Star Awards.

Xie Shaoguang
Cha Shao-kwong (born 15 September 1961), professionally known as Xie Shaoguang,  is a Singaporean actor, chef and former monk best known for acting in many Chinese-language television series produced by MediaCorp Channel 8. He was prominently a full-time Mediacorp artiste from 1989 to 2005. He re-signed with MediaCorp on 5 September 2024, citing possible future projects.

Widely regarded as one of Singapore's best actors, Xie received five Star Awards for Best Actor, a record that he held for 15 years for the most wins in that category before being surpassed by Chen Hanwei in 2019.
Ankasakasa Tsibiray
Ankasakasa Tsibiray is a rural municipality in western Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Besalampy, which is a part of Melaky Region. It has a population of 10870.

In 2019 the Cyclone Belna damaged the municipality by 90%

Besalampy District
Besalampy is a district in western Madagascar. It is a part of Melaky Region and borders the districts of Soalala in northeast, Kandreho in east, Ambatomainty in southeast, Morafenobe in south and Maintirano in southwest. The area is 11,753 km2 (4,538 sq mi) and the population was estimated to be 62,347 in 2020.
Primulales
Primulales was an order of flowering plants. This order was recognized in several systems with little variation in circumscription (see Bentham & Hooker, Engler and Wettstein system). In the classification system of Dahlgren the Primulales were in the superorder Primuliflorae (also called Primulanae). In the 1981 version of the Cronquist system it was an order placed in subclass Dilleniidae with the following circumscription:

order Primulales
family Myrsinaceae
family Primulaceae
family Theophrastaceae

The APG III system includes all the plants involved in the (expanded) order Ericales.

Cronquist system
The Cronquist system is a taxonomic classification system of flowering plants. It was developed by Arthur Cronquist in a series of monographs and texts, including The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants (1968; 2nd edition, 1988) and An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants (1981) (see Bibliography).

Cronquist's system places flowering plants into two broad classes, Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons) and Liliopsida (monocotyledons). Within these classes, related orders are grouped into subclasses. While the scheme was widely used, in either the original form or in adapted versions, many botanists now use the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants, first developed in 1998. The system as laid out in Cronquist's An Integrated System of Classification of Flowering Plants (1981) counts 64 orders and 321 families in class Magnoliopsida and 19 orders and 65 families in class Liliopsida.
Vallcarca, Sitges
Vallcarca is an abandoned coastal settlement in the Garraf Massif, Catalonia, Spain. It is administered by the Sitges municipality.

Although most of the area is surrounded by the Garraf Natural Park, a highly-polluting cement factory near the abandoned railroad station is still active exploiting the nearby quarries for cement production.

Garraf Massif
The Garraf Massif (Catalan: Massís del Garraf, IPA: [məˈsiz ðəl ɣəˈraf]) is a mountain range of the Catalan Coastal Range, Catalonia, Spain. Its cliffs reach the Mediterranean waters. Its highest point on the coastal side is La Morella, 593 metres above sea level and further inland rises the higher, although less conspicuous, Montau (657 m).
Kawno, Choszczno County
Kawno [ˈkavnɔ] (German: Hasselbruch) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Bierzwnik, within Choszczno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) north-east of Bierzwnik, 26 km (16 mi) south-east of Choszczno, and 87 km (54 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Bierzwnik
Gmina Bierzwnik is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Choszczno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Bierzwnik, which lies approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) south-east of Choszczno and 84 km (52 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 238.92 square kilometres (92.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 has a population of 4,813.
Gene Cramer
Crawford Eugene Cramer (July 13, 1915 – October 17, 1983), whose nickname is sometimes attributed to be Bill, was an American professional basketball player. He played for the Indianapolis Kautskys in the National Basketball League for one game during the 1939–40 season. Most of his basketball career was spent in semi-professional independent leagues during the 1930s. He won a national industrial league championship with Stewart-Warner in 1939–40.

In his post-basketball career, Cramer worked for United Oil Company. He died in Brazil, Indiana at age 68.

Indianapolis Jets
The Indianapolis Jets were a Basketball Association of America (BAA) team based in Indianapolis. They were founded as the Indianapolis Kautskys and used that name until the team joined the BAA. They played for one year in the BAA and then ceased operations due to the formation of the Indianapolis Olympians.
Big River (musical)
Big River: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is a musical with music and lyrics by Roger Miller, and a book by William Hauptman.

Based on Mark Twain's classic 1884 novel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, it features music in the bluegrass and country styles in keeping with the setting of the novel. The 1985 Broadway production ran for more than 1,000 performances and it remained one of the few very successful American musicals in the mid-1980s among the emerging successes coming from Great Britain. Big River won 7 Tony Awards, including Best Musical.

William Hauptman
William Hauptman (born 1942) is an American writer. Born in Texas, he received a BFA from the University of Texas Drama Department and later traveled to San Francisco and New York. A graduate who received an MFA from the Yale School of Drama, he is the author of plays and fiction.
The Duenna (Gerhard opera)
The Duenna (La Dueña) is an English/German-language opera in three acts composed by Robert Gerhard to libretto by the composer, after the 1775 comedy The Duenna by Richard Brinsley Sheridan. Composed from 1945 to 1947, the opera was premiered on BBC radio in 1949, conducted by Stanford Robinson and was received well. It was revised in 1951 for performance at the ISCM Festival in Wiesbaden, but there the use of popular melodies did not go down well with critics. The opera is in part atonal, following Gerhard's teacher Schoenberg.
Gerhard was wounded deeply "when it was heard by an audience unlikely to be put off by its occasional modernisms" it was coolly received, "because Gerhard the pupil of Schoenberg seemed to be wasting his time on light music". Grove notes that "it unfolds as a series of set pieces... related to... Spanish folk music" and represents "Gerhard's last extended look at his Spanish inheritance..."

Roberto Gerhard
Robert Gerhard i Ottenwaelder (Catalan pronunciation: [ruˈβɛɾd ʒəˈɾaɾt]; 25 September 1896 – 5 January 1970) was a Spanish and British composer, musical scholar, and writer, generally known outside his native region of Catalonia as Roberto Gerhard.
2018 Thai League 1
The 2018 Thai League 1 is the 22nd season of the Thai League 1, the top Thai professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1996, also known as Toyota Thai League due to the sponsorship deal with Toyota Motor Thailand. A total of 18 teams will compete in the league. The season began on 9 February 2018 and is scheduled to conclude on 7 October 2018.

Buriram United are the defending champions, while Chainat Hornbill, Air Force Central and Prachuap have entered as the promoted teams from the 2017 Thai League 2.

The 1st transfer window is from 14 November 2017 to 5 February 2018 while the 2nd transfer window is from 1 June 2018 to 29 June 2018.

Thai League 1
The Thai League (Thai: ไทยลีก, pronounced as ไท-หลีก) or Thai League 1 (Thai: ไทยลีก 1, pronounced as ไท-หลีก-หนึ่ง), often referred to as T1, is the highest level of the Thai football league system. Contested by 16 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with Thai League 2. Seasons typically run from August to May, with each team playing 30 games: two against each other team, one home and one away. It is sponsored by BYD Auto and therefore officially known as the BYD Sealion 6 League I. In the Thai League, most games are played on Saturday and Sunday evenings, occasionally being played on Wednesday and Friday evening fixtures.
Japanese warship Chōgei Maru
Chōgei Maru (長鯨丸; Long Whale) was a passenger gunship active during Japan's Boshin War.

Chōgei Maru was originally designed and built in Glasgow, and launched as the ferryboat "Danberton". It was acquired by the Tokugawa shogunate in 1866, and became a component of the Shogunal navy. It was captured during the Battle of Hakodate by the new government's forces and placed under the command of Captain Aiura Norimichi of the Saga Domain. After the Boshin War, it was turned over to the Ministry of Popular Affairs, who subsequently sold it into the private sector where it was renamed "Man'ri Maru" (萬里丸, Ten Thousand Ri). It continued to serve in various capacities until 1880, finally becoming a warehouse hulk used by the Mitsubishi Corporation.

Battle of Hakodate
The Battle of Hakodate (箱館戦争, Hakodate Sensō) was fought in Japan from December 4, 1868, to June 27, 1869, between the remnants of the Tokugawa shogunate army, consolidated into the armed forces of the rebel Ezo Republic, and the armies of the newly formed Imperial government (composed mainly of forces of the Chōshū and the Satsuma domains).  It was the last stage of the Boshin War, and occurred around Hakodate in the northern Japanese island of Hokkaidō. In Japanese, it is also known as the Battle of Goryokaku (五稜郭の戦い, Goryokaku no tatakai).
Earlysville, Virginia
Earlysville is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Albemarle County, Virginia, United States, roughly 9 miles (14 km) north of Charlottesville. It was first listed as a CDP in the 2020 census with a population of 1,153.

Albemarle County, Virginia
Albemarle County is located in the Piedmont region of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States. Its county seat is Charlottesville, which is an independent city entirely surrounded by the county. Albemarle County is part of the Charlottesville Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 112,395.

Albemarle County was created in 1744 from the western portion of Goochland County, though portions of Albemarle were later carved out to create other counties. Albemarle County was named in honor of Willem Anne van Keppel, 2nd Earl of Albemarle. Its most famous inhabitant was Thomas Jefferson, who built his estate home, Monticello, in the county.
Milky Ways
Milky Ways is concerto for cor anglais and orchestra written in 2022 by the Finnish composer Outi Tarkiainen. The work was written on a joint commission from the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra, the San Francisco Symphony, and BBC Radio 3. Its world premiere was performed by the oboist Nicholas Daniel and the Finnish Radio Symphony Orchestra conducted by Nicholas Collon at the Helsinki Music Centre, Helsinki, on 15 March 2023. The score is inscribed "for Nicholas Daniel in loving memory of his Mother Billie."

Outi Tarkiainen
Outi Tarkiainen (b. February 7, 1985) is a Finnish composer of contemporary classical music. Tarkiainen grew up in Rovaniemi, the capital and commercial center of the Finnish Lapland region. She studied composition with Eero Hämeenniemi and Veli-Matti Puumala at the Sibelius Academy in Helsinki, with Ron Miller at the University of Miami, and with Malcolm Singer at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in London.
Diego Bustos (anchorman)
Diego A. Bustos (born March 20 in Maria Juana, Argentina) is a media personality with over 20 years of experience managing, producing and hosting TV shows and events in the sports, entertainment and travel industries for CNN en Español, CNN International, UCVTV, Channel 13, FIA Formula E and Extreme E.

Bustos has spent the majority of his career as a Senior Anchor for CNN en Español and CNN International, but prior to his tenure at CNN he worked as an anchor for Telefe in his native Argentina.

For CNN he has covered multiple World Cups and Olympic Games, the Augusta Masters, FIA Formula E, the World Series and Super Bowl. Along with attending such high profile events, Bustos has conducted interviews with athletes and sports authorities as well as executives and personalities from different industries around the world.

Bustos holds Peabody Awards 2005, 2008 and 2010, and Du Pont-Columbia Award 2005 in CNN news coverage.

María Juana
María Juana is a town in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina, located 125 km from the provincial capital (Santa Fe) and 210 km from the province's largest city, Rosario. It has a population of about 5,000.

The main economic activity in the area is the production of milk and derivative dairy products, but María Juana also produces and exports soy, wheat, honey, and industrial products.

Populated mainly by descendants from Italian immigrants, María Juana has two elementary schools and three high schools. It has had a cable television system (Cable-Hogar María Juana) since the early 1990s; and multi-award-winning Radio María Juana FM 101.9, founded in 1978, one of the few alternative radio stations in Argentina that broadcasts worldwide through internet streaming.
Traction Line Recreation Trail
The Traction Line Recreation Trail is a multi-use paved asphalt rail trail located in Morristown, New Jersey.

This 2.7-mile (4.3 km) trail uses a rail corridor which was built for the Morris County Traction Company trolley line, which runs alongside New Jersey Transit's Morris & Essex Lines in Morris Township, New Jersey.

The trail is maintained by the Morris County Park Commission.

The southern trailhead can be found along Danforth Rd in Florham Park, New Jersey. One northern trailhead exists along Howell Place in Morristown, New Jersey where there is a small trail parking lot. Approximately 100m further north is another trailhead on Morris Ave in Morristown across the road from the Morristown National Historical Park. There are no bathroom facilities along the trail though there are a few benches near Convent Station constructed by Christian Fox and Ryan Servais as their Eagle Scout project for Boy Scout Troop 34.

Morris County Traction Company
The Morris County Traction Company was a public transit company that began trolley service in downtown Dover, New Jersey in July 1904. It was expanded over the years until the system was completed in 1914 to Newark, New Jersey. Service lasted until 1928.
NBA on Prime Video
NBA on Prime Video (or simply known as the NBA on Prime) is an American television sports presentation show used for National Basketball Association (NBA) games on the subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming and rental service Amazon Prime Video.

Since 2021, Prime Video has also aired the WNBA on Prime Video.

Udonis Haslem
Udonis Johneal Haslem (/juːˈdɒnɪs dʒɒˈniːl ˈhæzləm/ yoo-DON-iss jon-EEL HAZ-ləm; born June 9, 1980) is an American professional basketball executive and former player. He is the vice president of basketball development for the Miami Heat, where he spent his entire 20-year playing career in the National Basketball Association (NBA). Haslem is one of only three players in NBA history to play at least 20 years with one team. He played college basketball for the Florida Gators, where he was a key member of four NCAA tournament teams. Haslem began his professional career in France with Chalon-sur-Saône and then signed with his hometown team, the Miami Heat, in 2003, leaving as the longest-tenured player in franchise history when he retired 20 years later. Haslem won three NBA championships in 2006, 2012, and 2013.
CMLL Super Viernes (September 2012)
In September 2012 the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) held three CMLL Super Viernes shows, all of which took place in Arena México on Friday nights. On Friday September 14, CMLL held their annual Anniversary Show, replacing the regular Super Viernes show. Some of the matches from Super Viernes are taped for CMLL's weekly shows that air in Mexico the week following the Super Viernes show. The shows features various professional wrestling matches with different wrestlers involved in pre-existing scripted feuds or storylines. Wrestlers portray either villains (referred to as "rudos" in Mexico) or fan favorites ("technicos" in Mexico) as they follow a series of tension-building events, which culminate in a wrestling match or series of matches.  Being professional wrestling events matches are not won legitimately; they are instead won via predetermined outcomes to the matches that is kept secret from the general public.

Dragón Rojo Jr.
Anselmo Rivas Castro (born November 3, 1982), best known by his ring name Dragón Rojo Jr. (Spanish for "Red Dragon Jr."), is a Mexican luchador (or professional wrestler). He works for Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL). He is a two-time CMLL World Middleweight Champion, and he currently holds the record for most days as Middleweight Champion. Alongside Último Guerrero, Dragón Rojo Jr. is the longest reigning CMLL World Tag Team Champion in the history of the championship.
Thornhurst baronets
The Thornhurst Baronetcy, of Agnes Court in the County of Kent, was a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created on 13 December 1622 for Gifford Thornhurst, the son of William Thornhurst (1575-1606) and Anne (d. 1633), daughter of Thomas Howard, 1st Viscount Howard of Bindon. Thornhurst was the first husband of Susanna Temple. The title became extinct on his death in 1627. He was buried at Allington, Kent.

Manor of Agney, Kent
The manor of Agney was an estate in Old Romney, Kent owned by the Dean and Chapter of Canterbury Cathedral. The estate may have originated in the eighth century and for hundreds of years was leased to members of the same family, including Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough. It is frequently referred to as Agney Court, Agne Court, Agnes Court or even Aghne Court.
National Center for Traditional Arts
The National Center for Traditional Arts (NCFTA; Chinese: 國立傳統藝術中心; pinyin: Guólì Chuántǒng Yìshù Zhōngxīn) or also called Center for Traditional Arts is located by the river bank of Dongshan River in Wujie Township, Yilan County, Taiwan.

The center's total area is 24 hectares. The goal of the center is overall planning, supporting the related research, promoting, preserving, and teaching the traditional arts, and also redefining, renovating, and developing the traditional arts. The park itself has become one of the most important tourist spots in Yilan.

Dongshan River
24°40′03.1″N 121°48′41.1″E﻿ / ﻿24.667528°N 121.811417°E﻿ / 24.667528; 121.811417

The Dongshan River (Chinese: 冬山河; pinyin: Dōngshān Hé; Wade–Giles: Tung1-shan1 Ho2; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tang-soaⁿ-hô) is a river in northeast Taiwan. It flows through Yilan County for 24 kilometers.
Surveyor of the Fabric of Westminster Abbey
The post of Surveyor of the Fabric of Westminster Abbey was established in 1698. The role is an architectural one, with the current holder being responsible for the upkeep and maintenance of the Abbey and its buildings. In the past, the role has involved overseeing new construction work as well as restoration and architectural conservation. The post has been held by the following people:

Christopher Wren (1698–1723)

Nicholas Hawksmoor (1723–1736)

John James (1736–1746)

James Horne (1746–1752)

Henry Keene (1752–1776)

James Wyatt (1776–1813)

Benjamin Dean Wyatt (1813–1827)

Edward Blore (1827–1849)

George Gilbert Scott (1849–1878)

John Loughborough Pearson (1878–1897)

John Thomas Micklethwaite (1897–1906)

William Lethaby (1906–1928)

Walter Tapper (1928–1935)

Charles Reed Peers (1935–1951)

Stephen Dykes Bower (1951–1973)

(John) Peter Foster (1973–1988)

Donald Buttress (1988–1999)

John Burton (1999–2012)

Ptolemy Dean (2012–present)

John James (architect)
John James (c. 1673 – 15 May 1746) was a British architect particularly associated with Twickenham in west London, where he rebuilt St Mary's Church and also built a house for James Johnson, Secretary of State for Scotland, later Orleans House and since demolished.  Howard Colvin's assessment of him was that of "a competent architect, but he lacked inventive fancy, and his buildings are for the most part plain and unadventurous in design".