hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Emminger Reform
The Emminger Decree or Emminger Reform (German: Emminger-Verordnung, Lex Emminger, or Emmingersche Justizreform; formally the Verordnung über Gerichtsverfassung und Strafrechtspflege (Court Organisation and Criminal Justice Regulations)) was an emergency decree in the democratic Weimar Republic by Justice Minister Erich Emminger (BVP) on 4 January 1924 that among other things abolished the jury as trier of fact and replaced it with a mixed system of judges and lay judges in Germany's judiciary which still exists today.

Lay judge
A lay judge, sometimes called a lay assessor, is a person assisting a judge in a trial. Lay judges are used in some civil law jurisdictions. Lay judges are appointed volunteers and often require some legal instruction. However, they are not permanent officers. They attend proceedings about once a month, and often receive only nominal or "costs covered" pay. Lay judges are usually used when the country does not have juries. Lay judges may be randomly selected for a single trial (as jurors are), or politically appointed. In the latter case they may usually not be rejected by the prosecution, the defense, or the permanent judges. Lay judges are similar to magistrates of England and Wales, but magistrates sit about twice as often.
Janani Luwum
Janani Jakaliya Luwum was a Ugandan Anglican bishop. He was the archbishop of the Church of Uganda from 1974 to 1977 and one of the most influential leaders of the modern church in Africa. He was arrested in February 1977 and died shortly after. Although the official account describes a car crash, it is generally accepted that he was murdered on the orders of then-president Idi Amin.

Since 2015, Uganda has a public holiday on 16 February to celebrate the life of Luwum.

Archbishop of Uganda
The Anglican ecclesiastical province of Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi was formed in 1961 following the division of the diocese of Uganda the previous year. In 1960, the Diocese of Uganda was separated and in 1961 the smaller dioceses made a separate Province, under the Archbishop of Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi.
Prior to 1980, the province included Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi and Boga, in what was then the country of Zaire. As of August 2025, the Church of Uganda is divided into 39 dioceses and is under the Archbishop of Uganda and Bishop of Kampala.
American Idols Live! Tour 2005
American Idols Live! Tour 2005 was a summer concert tour in the United States and Canada featuring the top 10 contestants of the fourth season of American Idol, which aired in 2005. It was sponsored by Kellogg Pop-Tarts. It followed in the tradition of other American Idol summer tours following the completion of each season in May. After the poor attendance of the tour the previous year, the tour was scaled down somewhat. Forty dates were initially planned, four more dates were however later added. An extra show was further added at the end of the tour as a benefit concert for the victims of Hurricane Katrina which struck Mississippi two weeks earlier.

Before the Las Vegas show, runner-up Bo Bice came down with serious stomach pains and was rushed to the hospital. He was diagnosed with a blockage in his intestines, and received emergency surgery. He returned for the last two shows of the tour in Syracuse, New York. Bice also broke his foot on stage earlier in the tour at Manchester.

American Idol season 4
The fourth season of American Idol premiered on January 18, 2005, and continued until May 25, 2005. It was hosted by Ryan Seacrest. Randy Jackson, Paula Abdul, and Simon Cowell returned as judges. Carrie Underwood won the season with approximately 500 million votes cast in the season and 37 million for the finale, while Bo Bice was the runner-up. Underwood since became an eight-time Grammy-winning country megastar. It was also the first season of the series to be aired in high definition.
Andrei Sangheli
Andrei Sangheli (born 20 July 1944) is a Moldovan politician.

Sangheli was the second Prime Minister of Moldova from 1992 until 1997. He represented the Moldovenist group of the Agrarian Party of Moldova.

Agrarian Party of Moldova
The Agrarian Party of Moldova (Romanian: Partidul Agrar din Moldova, PAM), formerly the Democratic Agrarian Party of Moldova (Partidul Democrat Agrar din Moldova, PDAM), is a Moldovan political party that was prominent from 1991 to 1998. Governing for most of this period, the party represented a large centrist multi-ethnic bloc led by former collective farm chairmen and village mayors. These reformed Communists were motivated more by patronage than ideology and committed to maintaining their positions of power in the privatised agricultural and agro-industrial sector. To its right stood the pan-Romanians of the Popular Front, and to its left, the Socialists and later the Communists.
1888 FA Cup final
The 1888 FA Cup final was contested by West Bromwich Albion and Preston North End at the Kennington Oval. Preston were strong favourites for the Cup, having set a record which still stands today by beating Hyde 26–0 in the first round, and were so confident of overcoming West Bromwich Albion in the final that they asked to be photographed with the trophy before the game. The FA president Major Francis Marindin turned them down and said: "Hadn't you better win it first?" They did not get their photo after the game either. So lacking in confidence were their West Bromwich opponents that when  offered bets on the outcome of the game by the Preston players, they all refused, no matter how great the odds.
West Brom won 2–1, with their goals scored by George Woodhall and Jem Bayliss. Fred Dewhurst scored Preston's effort.

Jem Bayliss
Albert Edward James Matthias Bayliss (1 August 1863 – 19 August 1933), known as Jem Bayliss, was an English footballer who played for West Bromwich Albion, as well as the England national side.

He captained the West Bromwich Albion side which won the 1888 FA Cup Final.

He made his league debut on 8 September 1888, at wing-half for West Bromwich Albion in a 2–0 win against Stoke at the Victoria Ground, Stoke. He played all of the "Throstles"' 22 Football League matches and scored two goals in 1888–89. His debut League goal was scored on 22 September 1888 at Leamington Road, Blackburn, in a match that West Bromwich Albion lost to Blackburn Rovers 6–2. Bayliss also played as a forward in 1888–89.
Bowsher v. Synar
Bowsher v. Synar, 478 U.S. 714 (1986), was a United States Supreme Court case that struck down the Gramm–Rudman–Hollings Act as an unconstitutional usurpation of executive power by Congress because the law empowered Congress to terminate the United States Comptroller General for certain specified reasons, including "inefficiency, 'neglect of duty,' or 'malfeasance.'" The named defendant in the original case was Comptroller General Charles Arthur Bowsher and the constitutional challenge was brought forth by Oklahoma Congressman Mike Synar.

Charles Bowsher
Charles Arthur Bowsher (May 30, 1931 – September 30, 2022) was an American businessman and politician. He served as the 6th comptroller general of the United States from 1981 to 1996. During that period, he led the General Accounting Office in addressing the savings and loan crisis and other major issues. He also served as the 5th Assistant Secretary of the Navy (Financial Management and Comptroller) during the Lyndon B. Johnson administration from 1967 to 1971.
Canace (play)
Canace is a verse tragedy by Italian playwright Sperone Speroni (1500–1588).  It is based on the Greek legend of Canace, the daughter of Aeolus, who was forced by her father to commit suicide for having fallen in love with her brother, Macar.

The play was composed for Padua's literary academy, the Accademia degli Infiammati, and was printed at Firenze on 1546. The play was heavily modeled on Senecan tragedy.

The work was highly polemical, and was performed only once.  The public's reaction led Speroni to write an Apologia (1550), which he never finished. Still, the play circulated widely, and, with Giovanni Battista Giraldi's Orbecche, led to literary debates on tragedy and theatrical morals and decorum through to the next century.

A translation by Elio Brancaforte, released by the Centre for Renaissance and Reformation Studies in 2013, was the first time the play was published in English.

Sperone Speroni
Sperone Speroni degli Alvarotti (1500–1588) was an Italian Renaissance humanist, scholar and dramatist.  He was one of the central members of Padua's literary academy Accademia degli Infiammati and wrote on both moral and literary matters.
2021 All England Open
The 2021 All England Open (officially known as the Yonex All England Open Badminton Championships 2021 for sponsorship reasons) was a badminton tournament which took place at Utilita Arena Birmingham in England from 17 to 21 March 2021. It had a total purse of $850,000.

Yuta Watanabe (badminton)
Yuta Watanabe (渡辺 勇大, Watanabe Yūta; born 13 June 1997) is a Japanese badminton player. He is a former member of the Japanese national team and joined J-Power in April 2025. He is known for his quick and explosive movements with signature drop shots. Partnered with Arisa Higashino, Watanabe won consecutive mixed doubles bronze medals at the 2020 and 2024 Olympics. The pair has also secured four medals at the BWF World Championships.
Charlie Scott (cricketer)
Charles Fergus Buchan Scott (born 13 October 1999) is an English former first-class cricketer.

Scott was born at Hemel Hempstead in October 1999. He was educated at St Albans School, before going up to Durham University. While studying at Durham, he played two first-class cricket matches for Durham MCCU against Durham and Northamptonshire in 2019. He scored 40 runs in his two matches, with a high score of 32. In addition to playing first-class cricket, Scott has also played minor counties cricket for Hertfordshire. His brother, George, plays first-class cricket at county level.

St Albans School, Hertfordshire
St Albans School is a public school (traditional English fee-charging day and former boarding school) in the city of St Albans in Hertfordshire. Entry before Sixth Form is for boys only, but the Sixth Form has been co-educational since 1991. From 2026, St Albans School plans to be going fully co-educational. Founded in 948 by Wulsin (Abbot Ulsinus), St Albans School is not only the oldest school in Hertfordshire but also one of the oldest in the world. The school has been called "Britain's oldest public school" by the Daily Mail. Nicholas Carlisle, in 1818, described the school as "of very ancient origin, and of great celebrity" and the Good Schools Guide describes St Albans as a "traditional public school, with a rich history".

Among its famous alumni are Pope Adrian IV, Colin Renfrew, Jack Goody, Stephen Hawking, and Ian Grant.

The current headmaster, Joe Silvester, was appointed in 2024, and was previously headmaster of Wetherby Senior School.
Morea, Pennsylvania
Morea is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census. Before that, it was part of the New Boston-Morea CDP.

Morea is in northern Schuylkill County, in the southwestern part of Mahanoy Township. It sits at 1,500 feet (460 m) above sea level in a high valley on top of Broad Mountain, which rises to an elevation over 1,760 feet (540 m) approximately 1 mile (1.6 km) to the east.

Morea Road follows the northern edge of the community, leading northeast 1 mile (1.6 km) to New Boston and 3 miles (5 km) to Mahanoy City. To the southwest, Morea Road leads 3.5 miles (5.6 km) to Frackville. Interstate 81 passes just south of Morea, with access from exits near Frackville and Mahanoy City.

Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania
Schuylkill County (/ˈskuːlkɪl/, locally /-kəl/; Pennsylvania Dutch: Schulkill Kaundi) is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 143,049. The county seat is Pottsville. The county is part of the Northeast Pennsylvania region of the state.

The county is part of the Pottsville micropolitan statistical area, and borders eight  counties: Berks and Lebanon counties to its south, Dauphin and Northumberland counties to its west, Columbia and Luzerne counties to its north, and Carbon and Lehigh counties to its east. The county is approximately 47 miles (76 km) west of Allentown, the state's third-largest city, and 97 miles (156 km) northwest of Philadelphia, the state's largest city.

The county was created on March 1, 1811, from parts of Berks and Northampton counties and named for the Schuylkill River, which originates in the county. On March 3, 1818, additional territory in its northeast was added from Columbia and Luzerne counties.
Doc Walker
Doc Walker is a country music group from Westbourne, Manitoba, Canada.  They have won Canadian Country Music Awards and had radio hits with the songs "I Am Ready" and "The Show is Free" from the 2003 album Everyone Aboard. In 2001, they released the album Curve.  Both albums were for Universal Music Group.

Doc Walker is signed to Open Road Recordings and managed by RGK Entertainment Group.

"Coming Home" was released to radio in June 2009, as the lead single from the group's sixth studio album, Go, released in early September 2009.

"Country Girl" was released to radio in July 2011, as the lead single from the group's seventh studio album, 16 & 1, released August 29 physically and August 30, 2011, digitally.

Open Road Recordings
Open Road Recordings, a division of RGK Entertainment Group Ltd., is a Canadian record label specializing in country music. it was established by Ron Kitchener in 2003 and distributed through Universal Music Canada. The label also owns an American division in Nashville, Tennessee.
Sasang station (Busan Metro)
Sasang Station is a station on the Busan Metro Line 2 and BGLRT Line located in Gwaebeop-dong, Sasang District, Busan. The subname in parentheses of the Busan Metro is Seobu Bus Terminal.

The planned Busan Metro Line 5 (Sasang-Hadan Line) will connect to this station.

Sasang–Hadan Line
Sasang–Hadan Line is a prospective light metro line in Busan, South Korea. The first phase will connect Sasang Station to Hadan Station. It is highly likely to open under the name "Line 5", scheduled to open in 2027. The second phase, connecting Hadan Station to Noksan Station, is scheduled to open in 2030.
Arie van der Zouwen
Arie van der Zouwen is a retired Dutch football coach and player. He was the manager of the Hong Kong national team, assistant manager and caretaker manager of Al Wahda FC, and managed many Dutch teams. Van der Zouwen resides in Kortgene.

Kortgene
Kortgene is a small city in the southwest Netherlands. It is located in the municipality of Noord-Beveland, Zeeland, about 15 km northeast of Middelburg. It received city rights in 1431, but was flooded in 1530 and 1532. The new settlement received city rights in 1684.

The town was first mentioned in 1247 as Cortkeen, and means "short creek". Kortgene received city rights in 1431, but disappeared in the floods of 1530 and 1532. In 1670, the area was given Willem Adriaan van Nassau who poldered the land. A village developed after the Stadspolder was enclosed by a dike in 1682. In 1684, the city rights were renewed.
Lima, Sheboygan County, Wisconsin
Lima (/ˈlaɪmə/) is a town in Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,948 at the 2000 census. It is included in the Sheboygan, Wisconsin Metropolitan Statistical Area. The unincorporated communities of Gibbsville, Hingham, and Ourtown are located in the town. The ghost town of Kennedy Corners was also located in the town.

Hingham, Wisconsin
Hingham is an unincorporated census-designated place located in the town of Lima, in Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, United States, northeast of Adell and southeast of Waldo. It has a post office with ZIP code 53031. As of the 2010 census, its population was 886. The CDP's population rose to 899 at the 2020 census.
Swerve (album)
Swerve is an album by Tucson, Arizona-based rock band Giant Sand. It was first released in 1990 on the Amazing Black Sand label, and was re-released in 1993 by both Amazing Black Sand and Restless Records. It features performances by guest artists such as Chris Cacavas of Green on Red, Juliana Hatfield, and Steve Wynn. Its music has been described as "Sticky Fingers country-rock".

Giant Sand
Giant Sand (formerly Giant Sandworms) is an American musical group from Tucson, Arizona. Its most constant member is singer-songwriter Howe Gelb. The groups have developed idiosyncratic sound rooted in alternative country, but touching on a wide range of other styles and featuring Gelb's beatnik-influenced vocals and songwriting. Since about 2012, they have also performed as Giant Giant Sand when featuring a larger ensemble than their traditional four to six musicians.
Shake (unit)
A shake is an informal metric unit of time equal to 10 nanoseconds, or 10−8 seconds. It was originally coined for use in nuclear physics, helping to conveniently express the timing of various events in a nuclear reaction.

Nanosecond
A nanosecond (ns) is a unit of time in the International System of Units (SI) equal to one billionth of a second, that is, ⁠1/1000000000⁠ of a second, or 10−9 seconds.

The term combines the SI prefix nano- indicating a 1 billionth submultiple of an SI unit (e.g. nanogram, nanometre, etc.) and second, the primary unit of time in the SI.

A nanosecond is to one second, as one second is to approximately 31.69 years.

A nanosecond is equal to 1000 picoseconds or ⁠1/1000⁠ microsecond.  Time units ranging between 10−8 and 10−7 seconds are typically expressed as tens or hundreds of nanoseconds.

Time units of this granularity are commonly found in telecommunications, pulsed lasers, and related aspects of electronics.
Frank McCrystal
Frank McCrystal is a Canadian former football coach who served as the head coach of the Regina Rams, the CIS football team at the University of Regina in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada from 1981 to 2014. In 2007, McCrystal was named Canadian Interuniversity Sport Coach of the Year and received the 2007 Frank Tindall Trophy award. McCrystal accepted the head coaching position with the Rams in 1984 while they were members of the Canadian Junior Football League (CJFL). He is a seven-time Canadian Bowl champion having led the Rams to wins in 1986, 1987, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, and 1998.

McCrystal was announced as a member of the Canadian Football Hall of Fame 2025 class on June 12, 2025.

Regina Rams
The Regina Rams represent the University of Regina, located in Regina, Saskatchewan, in the sport of Canadian football in U Sports. The Rams joined U Sports in 1999 and have competed in the Canada West Conference since then. The program has won two U Sports football conference championships, in 2000 and 2024, and the team has made one appearance in the Vanier Cup championship game.

The Rams nickname is used by the university's football team only; all of the other teams at the school are named the Regina Cougars.
Katni Junction railway station
Katni Junction (Station Code: KTE) is a major rail junction in Katni, India. Rail links from the junction travel in five directions – Bina, Jabalpur, Satna, Bilaspur, Singrauli. Rail links from the junction travel to New Delhi, Mumbai, Vadodara, Howrah, Chennai, Bangalore, Dhanbad, Prayagraj, Kanpur, Lucknow, Bhopal, Indore, Gwalior, Agra, Gorakhpur, Muzaffarpur, Patna, Chandigarh, Ludhiana, Ambala, Bathinda, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Ajmer, Nagpur, Pune, Jammu, Raipur, Bhubaneswar, Visakhapatnam, Hyderabad, Hubli, Madurai, Vasco, Rameshvaram, Kanyakumari, Ernakulam and other Indian cities. To reduce the junction's load the new Katni Murwara & Katni South has been opened to carry trains from Bina and Jabalpur respectively.

Katni
Katni officially Murwara is a city on the banks of the Katni River in Madhya Pradesh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Katni District. It is in the Mahakoshal region of central India. The city is 90 km (56 mi) from the divisional headquarters of the region, Jabalpur.
My Kind of Country (Van Zant album)
My Kind of Country is the fifth and final studio album released by American musical duo Van Zant. It was released in 2007 by Columbia Records. It peaked at number 10 on the Top Country Albums chart. The album includes the singles "That Scares Me" and "Goes Down Easy", both of which charted on Billboard Hot Country Songs.

Van Zant (duo)
Van Zant is an American musical duo composed of brothers Donnie Van Zant and Johnny Van Zant. Both are brothers of Ronnie Van Zant, the original lead singer for the Southern rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd. Johnny became the lead vocalist for the reunited Lynyrd Skynyrd in 1987. Donnie was the leader and vocalist of .38 Special.

Initially a Southern rock band, Van Zant first recorded in the 1980s on Network /Geffen Records before disbanding. Johnny and Donnie re-established Van Zant in 1998 to record two albums for CMC International, switching their focus to country music in 2005, with two more albums on Columbia Records as a duo. The duo's first Columbia album, Get Right with the Man, produced a top ten country hit in "Help Somebody".
The Immoral Mr. Teas
The Immoral Mr. Teas is the first commercially successful film of director Russ Meyer, released in 1959. The film was described as a nudist comedy, and was noted for exhibiting extensive female nudity. The film cost $24,000 to produce, and eventually grossed more than $1.5 million on the independent/exploitation circuit.

Russ Meyer
Russell Albion Meyer (March 21, 1922 – September 18, 2004) was an American filmmaker. He was primarily known for writing and directing a successful series of sexploitation films featuring campy humor, sly satire and large-breasted women, which have attracted a considerable cult following. His best-known works include Faster, Pussycat! Kill! Kill! (1965), Vixen! (1968), Supervixens (1975), Beneath the Valley of the Ultra-Vixens (1979), and the film he considered to be his definitive work, Beyond the Valley of the Dolls (1970).
Acton–Northolt line
The Acton–Northolt line (ANL), otherwise known as the New North Main Line (NNML), is a railway line in Greater London, England. Built between 1903 and 1906, it runs from the Great Western Main Line at Old Oak Common TMD to the Chiltern Main Line at South Ruislip, alongside the West Ruislip branch of the London Underground Central line, for a distance of around 11 miles (18 km).

North Acton tube station
North Acton is a London Underground station in North Acton, West London in the London Borough of Ealing. It is on the Central line, between Hanger Lane (on the West Ruislip branch) or West Acton (on the Ealing Broadway branch) and East Acton stations. The station is on the boundary of London fare zone 2 and zone 3.
North Herefordshire
North Herefordshire is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2024 by Ellie Chowns of the Green Party of England and Wales. It is the first Green seat in the West Midlands region.

Leominster (UK Parliament constituency)
Leominster was a parliamentary constituency represented until 1707 in the  House of Commons of England, then until 1801 in that of Great Britain, and finally until 2010, when it disappeared in boundary changes, in the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

From 1295 to 1885, Leominster was a parliamentary borough which until 1868 elected two Members of Parliament by the bloc vote system of election.  Under the Reform Act 1867 its representation was reduced to one Member, elected by the first past the post system.  The parliamentary borough was abolished under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, and the name was transferred to a new county constituency.