hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Register of Historic Places listings in Hampden County, Massachusetts
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Hampden County, Massachusetts.

This is a list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Hampden County, Massachusetts, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in a map.

There are 171 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including 3 National Historic Landmarks. The city of Springfield is the location of 92 of these properties and districts, including 1 of the National Historic Landmarks; they are listed separately, while the remaining 79 properties and districts, including 2 National Historic Landmarks, are listed here.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted February 13, 2026.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Springfield, Massachusetts
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Springfield, Massachusetts.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Springfield, Massachusetts, United States. Latitude and longitude coordinates are provided for many National Register properties and districts; these locations may be seen together in an online map.

There are 92 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the city, including 1 National Historic Landmark.
          This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted January 30, 2026.
Billings West High School
Billings West High School  is a four-year comprehensive public high school in Billings, Montana. The school, a part of Billings Public Schools, serves around 2000 students with over 100 certified staff under principal Jeremy Carlson. Billings West's school colors are black and gold, and its mascot is the Golden Bear.

Billings Public Schools
Billings School District 2 (SD2), or Billings Public Schools, is a school district headquartered in Billings, Montana.

Billings Public Schools has two components: Billings Elementary School District and Billings High School District. A common board of education governs both school districts. The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) code for the elementary district, which covers grades Pre-Kindergarten to 8, is 3003870. The NCES code for the high school district is 3003900.

The elementary school district includes the majority of Billings. The high school district includes that, the remainder of Billings, and sections of the Crow Indian Reservation.
Edgemont, South Dakota
Edgemont is a city in Fall River County, South Dakota, United States. The population was 725 at the 2020 census. The city lies on the far southern edge of the Black Hills in southwestern South Dakota.

Edgemont is a crew change point for BNSF freight trains in the Gillette, Wyoming-Alliance, Nebraska division. Nearly 50 pool crews were operating out of the town in early 2023.

Fall River County, South Dakota
Fall River County is a county in the U.S. state of South Dakota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,973. Its county seat is Hot Springs. The county was founded in 1883. It is named for the Fall River which runs through it.
Crips
The Crips are a primarily African-American alliance of street gangs that are based in the coastal regions of Southern California. Founded in Los Angeles, California, in 1969, mainly by Raymond Washington and Stanley Williams, the Crips began as an alliance between two autonomous gangs, and developed into a loosely connected network of individual "sets", often engaged in open warfare with one another. Its members have traditionally worn blue clothing since around 1973.

The Crips are one of the largest and most violent associations of street gangs in the United States. With an estimated 30,000 to 35,000 members in 2008, the gangs' members have been involved in murders, robberies, and drug dealing, among other crimes. They have a long and bitter rivalry with the Bloods.

Some self-identified Crips have been convicted of federal racketeering.

Gang
A gang is a group or society of associates, friends, or members of a family with a defined leadership and internal organization that identifies with or claims control over territory in a community and engages, either individually or collectively, in illegal, and possibly violent, behavior, with such behavior often constituting a form of organized crime.
Christer Dahl
Christer Dahl (born 30 December 1940) is a Swedish director, script writer, producer, and novelist. He was born and grew up in Solna outside Stockholm.

Together with Lasse Strömstedt (1935-2009) they wrote six crime novels together using the pseudonym Kennet Ahl.

Lasse Strömstedt
Folke Lars-Olov Strömstedt (23 May 1935 in Gävle – 4 July 2009), better known as Lasse Strömstedt, was a Swedish writer who wrote of and about his own  life in prison and drug abuse. Strömstedt was born in Gävle in 1935. He was a casual laborer whose working life was frequently disrupted by  imprisonment. After 1971 he changed his life and became a writer, debater and actor. In 1974, Strömsted published his first novel, Grundbulten (The Cornerstone), written together with reporter Christer Dahl under the pseudonym Kennet Ahl. Strömstedt was married to Swedish singer and writer Ann-Christine Bärnsten. He died aged 74 of natural causes in Gränna on 4 July 2009.
Gary Bennett (referee)
Gary Bennett is an Australian former rugby league referee.

Bennett began his refereeing career in the Newtown District Junior Rugby League. He was subsequently graded to referee in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL), gaining his first first-grade match in 1971. He went on to control 19 top grade matches between 1971 and 1974.

Away from rugby league Bennett was a teacher and education administrator.

Newtown Jets
The Newtown Jets are a rugby league football club based in Marrickville, a suburb of Sydney's inner west. They currently compete in the NSW Cup competition, having left the top grade after the 1983 NSWRFL season. The Jets' home ground is Henson Park, and their team colours are blue (traditionally royal blue) and white.

Established in 1908, Newtown were one of the founding members of the New South Wales Rugby Football League. They competed continuously in the NSWRFL premiership until their departure in 1983, the first reduction in the League since 1937. Over this period they won the competition three times.
The Verve Pipe (album)
The Verve Pipe is the third studio album by Michigan rock band the Verve Pipe, released on July 27, 1999. The band's second release for RCA Records, the album followed the platinum-selling Villains and its mammoth single, "The Freshmen". The band worked with Soundgarden producer Michael Beinhorn and created a generally dark, sonically textured grunge-pop album. The lead single "Hero" received sporadic airplay on alternative rock radio and its video was in rotation on MTV2 in late summer 1999.

Throughout the album, primary songwriter and singer Brian Vander Ark comments on the fleeting nature of fame with tracks such as "Supergig" and "Headlines". The song "The F Word" serves as a bittersweet response to the band's success with "The Freshmen".

The album's cover features a diagram for frog dissection, with the song titles used as references to various body parts.

The Verve Pipe
The Verve Pipe is an American rock band from Michigan. They were formed in 1992 in East Lansing by Brian Vander Ark (vocals, guitar), Brad Vander Ark (bass), Brian Stout (guitar), and Donny Brown (drums). They are widely known for their songs "The Freshmen" and "Photograph".
Ivan Yarkovsky
Ivan Osipovich Yarkovsky (Polish: Jan Jarkowski; 24 May 1844, Asveya – 22 January 1902, Heidelberg) was a Polish-Russian civil engineer. Born to a Polish family in Asveya (Russian Empire, now Belarus), he worked for a Russian railway company and was obscure in his own time. Beginning in the 1970s, long after Yarkovsky's death, his work on the effects of thermal radiation on small objects in the Solar System (e.g., asteroids) was developed into the Yarkovsky effect and the YORP effect, thanks to his rediscovery by Estonian astronomer Ernst J. Öpik. The asteroid 35334 Yarkovsky is named in his honour †. In 1888, he also created a mechanical explanation of gravitation.

Ernst Öpik
Ernst Julius Öpik (22 October [O.S. 10 October] 1893 – 10 September 1985) was an Estonian astronomer and astrophysicist who spent the second half of his career (1948–1981) at the Armagh Observatory in Northern Ireland. He is best known for his pioneering work on solar system dynamics, particularly of the Oort cloud and the Yarkovsky effect.
Aulepa
Aulepa (Swedish: Dirslätt; Estonian Swedish: Dihlet) is a village in Lääne-Nigula Parish, Lääne County, in western Estonia.

Before the administrative reform in 2017, the village was in Noarootsi Parish.

Noarootsi Parish
Noarootsi Parish (Estonian: Noarootsi vald, Swedish: Nuckö kommun) was a rural municipality in Lääne County, western Estonia between 1991 and 2017. It covered an area of 296 km2 (114 sq mi) and had a population of 910.

The administrative centre of Noarootsi Parish was Pürksi village (Swedish: Birkas). It is located 10 km north of the capital of Lääne County, Haapsalu.
Chandra Nandini
Chandra Nandini is an Indian Hindi-language historical drama television series that aired on StarPlus from 10 October 2016 until 10 November 2017. It was produced by Ekta Kapoor under her banner Balaji Telefilms and directed by Ranjan Kumar Singh. Starring Rajat Tokas as Chandragupta Maurya and Shweta Basu Prasad as a princess Nandni, the story is loosely based on the life of Chandragupta Maurya.

Mother of Ashoka
The information about the mother of Ashoka (c. 3rd century BCE), the 3rd Mauryan emperor of ancient India, varies between different sources. Ashoka's own inscriptions and the main texts that provide information about his life (such as Ashokavadana and Mahavamsa) do not name his mother. The Asokavadanamala names her Subhadrangi, while Vamsatthapakasini calls her Dharma (Pali: Dhamma). Different texts variously describe her as a Brahmin or a Kshatriya.
Mark Ward (Gaelic footballer)
Mark Ward is a football player from Ireland. As of 2009, he played with Navan O'Mahonys. He holds a county medal which he won playing Sigerson football for University College Dublin. He has been a member of the senior Meath county football team.

Meath county football team
The Meath county football team represents Meath in men's Gaelic football and is governed by Meath GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Leinster Senior Football Championship and the National Football League.

Meath's home ground is Páirc Tailteann, Navan. The team's manager is Robbie Brennan.

The team last won the Leinster Senior Championship in 2010, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 1999 and the National League in 1994.
Phantom Stallion
Phantom Stallion is a 1954 American Western film directed by Harry Keller and starring Rex Allen, Carla Balenda and Slim Pickens. The film is credited as being the last singing cowboy Western.

The film's art direction was by Frank Arrigo.

Frank Arrigo
Frank Arrigo (1917–1977) was an American art director. He worked on more than a hundred and fifty films and television series during his career. From 1959 to 1971 he also directed episodes of several television series.
Soling Masters World Championship
The Soling Masters World Championship is an International sailing regatta in the Soling organized by the host club on behalf of the International Soling Association and recognised by World Sailing. The Soling used for the Olympic from 1972 through to the 2000 Olympic Games.

International Soling Association
The International Soling Association (ISA) is the governing body for the Soling class, recognised as an international class by World Sailing. The International Soling Association was founded as soon as the Soling became an international class in 1967. Originally an owners' club, it became a very self-supporting organization who provided great support for the whole Soling community and guarded the Soling one-design during her Olympic tour of duty as well as in the present time.
Get Behind the Wheel
Get Behind the Wheel is the ninth studio album by American singer-songwriter Eilen Jewell. Produced by Jewell and her band, and Will Kimbrough, and recorded at Audio Lab in Garden City, Idaho and Kimbrough Super Service in Nashville, it was released on May 5, 2023, through Signature Sounds. Reviewers gave the album favorable marks, highlighting  Jewell's ability to "innovatively mine blues, country, and folk playbooks", while demonstrating resilience following the breakup of her marriage to bandmate Jason Beek.

Eilen Jewell
Eilen Jewell (/ˈiːlɪn/ EE-lin; born April 6, 1979) is an American singer-songwriter from Boise, Idaho. She has released nine studio albums and one live album. Her musical style crosses several areas of Americana music, ranging from blues to gospel, country, rockabilly, and honky-tonk. From a somewhat joking on-stage introduction during a show in Boston by a fellow musician, she has adopted the title "Queen of the Minor Key".
Lester Allan Pelton
Lester Allan Pelton (September 5, 1829 – March 14, 1908) was an American inventor who contributed significantly to the development of hydroelectricity and hydropower in the American Old West as well as world-wide. In the late 1870s, he invented the Pelton water wheel, at that time the most efficient design of the impulse water turbine. Recognized as one of the fathers of hydroelectric power, he was awarded the Elliott Cresson Medal during his lifetime and is an inductee of the National Inventors Hall of Fame.

Miners Foundry
The Miners Foundry (previously Nevada Foundry; Nevada Iron Foundry and Machine Shop, George Allan's Foundry and Machine Works, American Victorian Museum, Miners Foundry and Supply Company; currently Miners Foundry Cultural Center) is located at 325 Spring Street, Nevada City, California, USA.  Built in Nevada County in 1856, it is a California Historical Landmark as, in 1879, the foundry became the first manufacturing site of the Pelton wheel.
Sellicks Hill, South Australia
Sellicks Hill – formerly spelt Sellick's Hill – is a semi-rural suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. It lies within both the City of Onkaparinga and the District Council of Yankalilla. Before the British colonisation of South Australia, the Sellicks Hill area (along with most of the Adelaide plains area and down the western side of the Fleurieu Peninsula), was inhabited by the Kaurna people. Sellick's Hill Post Office opened on 2 July 1860.

District Council of Yankalilla
The District Council of Yankalilla is a local government area centred on the town of Yankalilla on the Fleurieu Peninsula in South Australia.

It was created on 23 October 1856, when the District Council of Yankalilla and Myponga was divided into two. It later absorbed two other councils: the District Council of Myponga on 5 January 1888, one of a number of amalgamations mandated under the District Councils Act 1887, and later the District Council of Rapid Bay on 12 May 1932.

The district has a rich history, as one of the earliest South Australian coastal settlements, and a wide range of agricultural activities having taken place. Today the district remains agricultural in nature, supplemented by tourism and forestry.
St. Andrews Biological Station
St. Andrews Biological Station (acronym: SABS; originally: Atlantic Biological Station) is a Fisheries and Oceans Canada research centre located on Brandy Cove Road in St. Andrews, New Brunswick.

Along with the Huntsman Marine Science Centre, the Atlantic Salmon Federation, and the Charlotte County campus of the New Brunswick Community College, SABS is the core of a network of fisheries research and educational institutions in the area.  SABS is Canada's first marine biological research station, having been established by the Department of Marine and Fisheries in 1899 as a temporary floating laboratory.  The permanent station was officially established in 1908.

The current director is Dr. Thomas W. Sephton. Dr. Robert Stephenson is the leader of its Gulf of Maine Section, while Dr. Peter Lawton, Director of the Centre for Marine Biodiversity, is a Research Scientist at SABS.

Saint Andrews, New Brunswick
Saint Andrews  is a town in Charlotte County, New Brunswick, Canada. The historic town is a national historic site of Canada, bearing many characteristics of a typical 18th century British colonial settlement, including the original grid layout with its market square, and the classical architecture.

Although often shortened in non-official sources to St. Andrews, the town's legal name is spelt Saint Andrews, and appears as such on the town's website; St. Andrews by-the-Sea is a brand used for tourism purposes by the local Chamber of Commerce.

On 1 January 2023, Saint Andrews annexed the local service district of Bayside and Chamcook. Revised census information has not yet been released.
Eiki Nestor
Eiki Nestor (born 5 September 1953 in Tallinn) is an Estonian politician, member of the Social Democratic Party. He was the leader of the party from 1994 to 1996. Nestor has been a member of the 7th, 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th Parliament of Estonia, being a Minister without Portfolio in charge of regional affairs from 1994 to 1995 and a Minister of Social Affairs from 1999 to 2002. He was elected Speaker of the Riigikogu in March 2014 and served until April 2019.

Nestor graduated from the Tallinn University of Technology in 1976 as a mechanical engineer specializing in motor transport. He is married and has two sons, Siim Nestor and Madis Nestor.

Social Democratic Party (Estonia)
The Social Democratic Party (Estonian: Sotsiaaldemokraatlik Erakond, SDE) is a centre-left political party in Estonia. It is currently led by Lauri Läänemets.
The party was formerly known as the Moderate People's Party (Estonian: Rahvaerakond Mõõdukad). The SDE has been a member of the Party of European Socialists since 16 May 2003 and was a member of the Socialist International from November 1990 to 2017. It is orientated towards the principles of social-democracy, and it supports Estonia's membership in the European Union. From April 2023 until March 2025, the party was a junior coalition partner in the third Kallas government and the Michal government.
Chiari, Lombardy
Chiari (Lombard: Ciare) is a comune in the province of Brescia, in Lombardy, Italy. The 1701 Battle of Chiari was fought here during the War of the Spanish Succession. The town is the birthplace of Isidoro Chiari and Stefano Antonio Morcelli. The main church or duomo is the church of Santi Faustino e Giovita.

Stefano Antonio Morcelli
Stefano Antonio Morcelli (17 January 1737 – 1 January 1822) was an Italian Jesuit scholar, known as an epigraphist. His work De stilo Latinarum inscriptionum libri III, published in three volumes in 1781, which shows a rigorous method, a novelty and originality of approach, as well as a solid preparation, gave him his European fame and is considered a milestone in the development of epigraphy.
Kapice, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kapice [kaˈpit͡sɛ] (formerly German Kappe) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Połczyn-Zdrój, within Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 14 km (9 mi) south-west of Połczyn-Zdrój, 17 km (11 mi) south-east of Świdwin, and 96 km (60 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 20.

Gmina Połczyn-Zdrój
Gmina Połczyn-Zdrój is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Połczyn-Zdrój, which lies approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) east of Świdwin and 108 km (67 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 343.71 square kilometres (132.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 16,016 (out of which the population of Połczyn-Zdrój amounts to 8,572, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,444).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Drawsko Landscape Park.
Aiantis
Aiantis (Ancient Greek: Αἰαντίς) was a phyle of ancient Attica with six demes: Aphidna, Marathon, Oenoe, Rhamnous, Tricorythus and Phalerum. It was named in honour of Ajax the Great.

Marathon is located within the boundaries of this place.

It is attested by Plutarch that fifty-two members of the tribe of Aiantis died from wounds sustained in the Battle of Plataea.

The playwright Aeschylus came from deme Eleusis in Aiantis. His family were eupatrids.

Rhamnous
Rhamnous (Ancient Greek: Ῥαμνοῦς, romanized: Rhamnoûs; Modern Greek: Ραμνούς, romanized: Ramnoús), also Ramnous or Rhamnus, was an ancient Greek city in Attica situated on the coast, overlooking the Euboean Strait. Its ruins lie northwest of the modern town of Agia Marina in the municipality of Marathon.

The site was best known in antiquity for its sanctuary of Nemesis, the implacable avenging goddess, her most important in ancient Greece.

Rhamnous is the best-preserved Attic deme site. It was strategically significant on the sea routes and was fortified with an Athenian garrison of ephebes (young men). A fortified acropolis dominates the two small harbours located on either side of it which have silted up extensively since antiquity, and into which grain was imported for Athens during the Peloponnesian War.

It derived its name from Buckthorn, a thick prickly shrub, which still grows upon the site.
Open access in Germany
Open access to scholarly communication in Germany has evolved rapidly since the early 2000s. Publishers Beilstein-Institut, Copernicus Publications, De Gruyter, Knowledge Unlatched, Leibniz Institute for Psychology Information, ScienceOpen, Springer Nature, and Universitätsverlag Göttingen belong to the international Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association.

Knowledge Unlatched
Knowledge Unlatched (KU) is an Open Access service provider. It offers a crowdfunding model to support a variety of Open Access book and journal content packages as well as the financial funding of partnerships.

KU was originally established in 2012 by Frances Pinter as a British not-for-profit Community Interest Company (CIC). In 2016, under Sven Fund, Knowledge Unlatched GmbH was registered as a for-profit in Berlin, Germany.  In 2021, Knowledge Unlatched was acquired by Wiley.  In 2025, the journal publisher Annual Reviews signed an agreement with Wiley to acquire Knowledge Unlatched (KU), returning it to nonprofit management.
Typical Me
"Typical Me" is a song by London rapper Kano, the second single taken from his debut album Home Sweet Home (2005). The track features vocals from Ghetts and marks Kano's first appearance in the UK Singles Chart.

Kano (British musician)
Kane Brett Robinson (born 21 May 1985), known by the stage name Kano, is a British rapper, songwriter and actor from East Ham, London. His fifth album, Made in the Manor was shortlisted for the 2016 Mercury Prize and won Best Album at the 2016 MOBO Awards. On screen, he played the role of Sully in Top Boy (2011–2023).