hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kodak Brownie
The Brownie was a series of camera models made by Eastman Kodak and first released in 1900.

It introduced the snapshot to the masses by addressing the cost factor which had meant that amateur photography remained beyond the means of many people; the Pocket Kodak, for example, would cost most families in Britain nearly a whole month's wages.

The Brownie was a basic cardboard box camera with a simple convex-concave lens that took 2+1⁄4-inch square pictures on No. 117 roll film. It was conceived and marketed for sales of Kodak roll films. Because of its simple controls and initial price of US$1 (equivalent to $39 in 2025) along with the low price of Kodak roll film and processing, the Brownie camera surpassed its marketing goal.

OTMA
OTMA was an acronym sometimes used by the four daughters of Emperor Nicholas II of Russia and his consort, Alexandra Feodorovna, as a group nickname for themselves, built from the first letter of each girl's name in the order of their births:

Ольга – Olga Nikolaevna Romanova (15 November 1895 – 17 July 1918) was the eldest daughter.

Татьяна – Tatiana Nikolaevna Romanova (10 June 1897 – 17 July 1918) was the second daughter.

Мария – Maria Nikolaevna Romanova (26 June 1899 – 17 July 1918) was the third daughter.

Анастасия – Anastasia Nikolaevna Romanova (18 June 1901 – 17 July 1918) was the youngest daughter.

Note that the Roman and Cyrillic forms of all four of the initial letters are identical in printed form.
Eungai railway station
Eungai railway station is located on the North Coast line in New South Wales, Australia. It serves the town of Eungai, opening on 1 July 1919 when the line was extended from Kempsey to Macksville. Opposite the station lies a passing loop. It was extended to 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) in January 1996.

Eungai
Eungai is a town on the mid North Coast of New South Wales, Australia. It is made up of two localities, Eungai Creek and Eungai Rail, although both have the same postcode. The Eungai district is midway between Sydney (500 km) and Brisbane, midway between Port Macquarie (90 km) and Coffs Harbour, and midway between Kempsey (20 km) and Macksville. It is in the Nambucca Valley Council area. It has a population of 605 as of the 2021 census.
Natalie Sideserf
Natalie Marie Sideserf (née Elliott; born on January 7, 1985) is an American artist, teacher and chef specializing in hyper-realistic cake sculpting techniques. Sideserf has received national and global acclaim for her realistic designs. In 2014, Food Network declared Sideserf as "one of the most talented young cake artists in the country at the forefront of realistic cake decorating."

Born in Brunswick, Ohio, she holds a bachelor's degree in Fine Arts with a concentration in painting from The Ohio State University.

Natalie has participated in Buddy vs. Duff seasons 2 and 3 on Duff Goldman's team.

Brunswick, Ohio
Brunswick (/ˈbrʌnzwɪk/ BRUN-zwik or /ˈbrʌnswɪk/ BRUN-swik) is the largest city in Medina County, Ohio, United States. The population was 35,426 at the 2020 census. It is approximately 20 miles (32 km) southwest of Cleveland and part of the Cleveland metropolitan area.
Krez (instrument)
Krez (Udmurt and Russian: крезь) is an Udmurt string instrument (chordophone) similar to the Russian gusli. The mythical origin of krez is detailed in the Udmurt national epic, Dokjavyl. Krez was used to accompany some shamanic ritual dances, and large krez (быдӟым крезь) was used for music during the holiday of Bulda.

Udmurts
The Udmurts (Udmurt: Удмуртъёс, Udmurtjos) are a Permian (Finno-Ugric) ethnic group in Eastern Europe, who speak the Udmurt language. They mainly live in the republic of Udmurtia in Russia. They form 24.1% of Udmurtia's population.
Stephen of Perm
Stephen of Perm (Russian: Стефан Пермский, romanized: Stefan Permsky; Komi: Перымса Степан, romanized: Perymsa Stepan; c. 1340 – 26 April 1396) was a Russian Orthodox bishop, painter and missionary. He is known as being one of the most successful missionaries of the Russian Orthodox Church. Stephen is credited with the conversion of the Komi peoples to Christianity. He settled in Ust-Vym and became the first bishop of Perm in 1383.

Stephen also created the Old Permic script, which makes him the founding father of Permian written tradition. "The Enlightener of Perm" or the "Apostle of the Permians", as he is sometimes called, is commemorated by the Catholic and Orthodox Churches on 26 April. Epiphanius the Wise wrote about his life in The Life of Stephen of Perm.

Ust-Vym
Ust-Vym (Russian: Усть-Вымь; Komi: Емдін, Jemdïn) is a rural locality (a selo) in Ust-Vymsky District of the Komi Republic, Russia, located by the mouth of the Vym River, from which it takes its name: "Ust-" is a common prefix it Russian toponymy for places by the mouth of a river, from the word устье, "river mouth". It is an administrative center of the Ust-Vym rural municipality, which includes several other villages.

An ancient monastery established in 1380 by Stephen of Perm, closed in 1764, and reopened in 1996 is located in Ust-Vym.
2012 FA Women's Cup final
The 2012 FA Women's Cup final was the 42nd final of the FA Women's Cup. 276 clubs competed for the years trophy. The winners did not qualify for the UEFA Women's Champions League.

Birmingham City, beat Chelsea 3–2 in a penalty shoot-out after a 2–2 draw in the final at Ashton Gate.

The match was televised live by Sky Sports 2. The channel's decision to switch the transmission of the penalty shoot-out to behind the red button was criticised and described as embarrassing. The attendance of 8,723 was the lowest at the FA Women's Cup final since 2005. Entertainment at the final included a half time performance from The Risk, a boy band who had finished 10th in the previous year's edition of The X Factor.

Gemma Bonner
Gemma Bonner (born 13 July 1991) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defender for Women's Super League club Liverpool, and has represented the England national team. Bonner began her career with her hometown club Leeds United, before spending two seasons with Chelsea. In November 2012, Bonner signed for Liverpool and captained them to two FA WSL titles in 2013 and 2014, before leaving for Manchester City in 2018. She left England to join NWSL club Racing Louisville in 2021, before rejoining Liverpool in the 2022–23 season where she is now the club's record appearance holder.

An England international, Bonner made her senior debut in September 2013. She was part of England's squad for the UEFA Women's Euro 2013 but did not play in the final tournament.
2023 HBCU Legacy Bowl
The 2023 HBCU Legacy Bowl was a post-season college football all-star game played on February 25, 2023, at Yulman Stadium in New Orleans, Louisiana. It was the second edition of the HBCU Legacy Bowl and was the last of the all-star games that concluded the 2022–23 bowl games.

The bowl's teams are named after Jake Gaither, coach of the Florida A&M Rattlers from 1945 to 1973, and Eddie Robinson, coach of the Grambling State Tigers from 1941 to 1997.

Each team was led by co-head coaches: Chennis Berry of Benedict College and Eric Dooley of Southern University for Team Robinson, and Richard Hayes Jr. of Fayetteville State University and Trei Oliver of North Carolina Central University for Team Gaither.

On October 13, 2022, Mark Evans II, an offensive lineman for the Arkansas–Pine Bluff Golden Lions football team, was announced as the first player selected to the game.

Mark Evans II
Mark Evans II (born October 11, 1999) is an American professional football offensive tackle for the Edmonton Elks of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football for Arkansas–Pine Bluff.
Furan
Furan is a heterocyclic organic compound, consisting of a five-membered aromatic ring with four carbon atoms and one oxygen atom.  Chemical compounds containing such rings are also referred to as furans.

Furan is a colorless, flammable, highly volatile liquid with a boiling point close to room temperature. It is soluble in common organic solvents, including alcohol, ether, and acetone, and is slightly soluble in water.  Its odor is strong and chloroform-like.  It is toxic and may be carcinogenic in humans. Furan is used as a starting point for other speciality chemicals.

Heterocyclic compound
A heterocyclic compound or ring structure is a hydrocarbon-based cyclic compound that contains at least one heteroatom as member(s) of its ring(s). Heterocyclic organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles.

Examples of heterocyclic compounds include all of the nucleic acids, the majority of drugs, most biomass (cellulose and related materials), and many natural and synthetic dyes.  More than half of known compounds are heterocycles.  59% of US FDA-approved drugs contain nitrogen heterocycles.
Tibor Frank
Tibor Frank (3 February 1948 – 15 September 2022) was a Hungarian historian who was professor of history at the School of English and American Studies of the Faculty of Humanities of the Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE). He was director of its School of English and American Studies (1994–2001, 2006–2014). From 2013 he was corresponding member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (MTA), as of 2019 he was a full member.

ELTE Faculty of Humanities
The Faculty of Humanities is the oldest faculty of Eötvös Loránd University in Józsefváros, Budapest, Hungary. It was founded by the Cardinal Archbishop of Esztergom Prince Primate of Hungary, Péter Pázmány, in 1635.
Từ Đạo Hạnh
Từ Đạo Hạnh (Chinese: 徐道行; 1072 – 1116), commonly called Đức Thánh Láng (德聖𣼽), was a Vietnamese Zen master of the Lý dynasty. His life is recorded in many legendary and mythical stories. Before the legend of Liễu Hạnh spread, he was regarded as one of the most famous Vietnamese saints, counted among the Four Immortals.

The most famous legend about him is that he shed his body and reincarnated as the son of Sùng Hiền hầu, named Lý Dương Hoán, who later became Lý Thần Tông. Because of this legend and the mystical folklore surrounding him, he was long considered one of the Vietnamese Four Immortals until the cult of Liễu Hạnh emerged.

He is venerated at Thiên Phúc Temple (now in Sài Sơn commune, Quốc Oai District, Hà Nội), popularly known as Thầy Temple and Láng Temple, as well as Nền Temple in Hanoi. The annual Thầy Temple Festival is held on the 3rd day of the 3rd lunar month, believed to be the date of his passing.

Quốc Oai district
Quốc Oai is a district (huyện) of Hanoi in the Red River Delta region of Vietnam.

Quốc Oai district is bordered by Hoài Đức district to the east, Hòa Bình province to the west, Chương Mỹ district to the south, Thạch Thất district and Phúc Thọ district to the north.

The district is subdivided to 21 commune-level subdivisions, including the township of Quốc Oai (district capital) and the rural communes of Cấn Hữu, Cộng Hòa, Đại Thành, Đồng Quang, Đông Xuân, Đông Yên, Hòa Thạch, Liệp Tuyết, Nghĩa Hương, Ngọc Liệp, Ngọc Mỹ, Phú Cát, Phú Mãn, Phượng Cách, Sài Sơn, Tân Hòa, Tân Phú, Thạch Thán, Tuyết Nghĩa, Yên Sơn.
Keith Connor
Keith Leroy Connor (born 16 September 1957 in Anguilla, an Overseas Territory of the United Kingdom) is a male retired athlete who represented Great Britain and England. He competed in the triple jump at the 1980 Summer Olympics and the 1984 Summer Olympics.

Anguilla
Anguilla is a British Overseas Territory in the Caribbean. It is one of the most northerly of the Leeward Islands in the Lesser Antilles, lying east of Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands and directly north of Saint Martin. The territory consists of the main island of Anguilla, approximately 16 miles (26 kilometres) long by 3 miles (5 km) wide at its widest point, together with a number of much smaller islands and cays with no permanent population. The territory's capital is The Valley. The total land area of the territory is 35 square miles (91 km2), with a population of approximately 15,753 in 2021.
Afro Beat Fest
Afro Beat Fest is an annual family-oriented festival in Newark, New Jersey celebrating African culture and communities including music, art, fashion, dance, crafts and cuisine.

The inaugural Afro Beat Fest was held in Military Park in Downtown Newark in July 2017.  Afro Beat Fest is a reboot of an older festival that had begun in the 1980s called "Africa Newark." That incarnation ended in 2006 after it lost city support.

Mayor Ras Baraka commented that he and colleagues recalled the original festival warmly from childhood visits to the event and noted that the city worked with local organizers to revive it.

Grammy-nominated French duo Les Nubians, English-born Nigerian singer/songwriter Ayo Jay, and Ghanaian singer Bisa Kdei have all performed at the festival.

Military Park (Newark)
Military Park is a 6-acre (24,000 m2) city park in downtown Newark in Newark, New Jersey. Along with Lincoln Park and Washington Park, it makes up the three downtown parks in Newark that were laid out in the colonial era. It is a nearly triangular park located between Park Place, Rector Street and Broad Street.

The New Jersey Historical Society, Military Park Building,  the New Jersey Performing Arts Center,  the Robert Treat Center and the newly built One Theatre Square and 50 Rector St buildings are located across Park Place from the park. A $3.25 million renovation led by Dan Biederman was announced in February 2012. The reconstruction was expected to be completed in late  2013, but due to harsh weather was postponed until spring 2014. A casual restaurant, Burg, does business in the park. The park reopened in June 2014.
Sclerococcum aptrootii
Sclerococcum aptrootii is a species of lichenicolous fungus in the family Dactylosporaceae. Found in Puerto Rico, it was formally described as a new species in 2015 by the Luxemburger mycologist Paul Diederich. The type specimen was collected in Maricao State Forest north of Sabana Grande (Mayagüez), at an altitude of 800 m (2,600 ft); here, in a low mountain forest, it was found growing on the lichen Fissurina dumastii. It is only known to occur at the type locality. The fungus forms black, rounded sporodochia that measure 50–100 μm in diameter; it does not otherwise damage the host. The species epithet honours Dutch lichenologist André Aptroot, who collected the type in 1989.

André Aptroot
André Aptroot (Heemskerk, 1961) is a Dutch mycologist and lichenologist. His primary research focus is on biodiversity, particularly tropical lichens, encompassing systematics, floristic surveys, and taxonomic reviews. A prolific researcher, he has published more than 500 scientific papers and described hundreds of new fungal and lichen species.
Black Building (Fargo, North Dakota)
The Black Building at 114-118 Broadway in Fargo, North Dakota was a "pivotal" historic resource in the Downtown Fargo District, in the listing of that historic district upon the National Register of Historic Places.  In 2016 it was also individually listed on the National Register, as its "owners chose to pursue the honor of individual listing for its architecture and for its association with George Mumford Black and his strategies in commerce and communications. Black had the upper floor of the Art Moderne building designed for WDAY (AM) radio and ensured the station signed off each show with “this is WDAY with from the Black Building, Fargo” and he is credited with creating the one-cent sale."

WDAY (AM)
WDAY (970 kHz "News-Talk 970 AM and 93.1 FM") is North Dakota's oldest radio station, having first signed on in 1922. WDAY is licensed to Fargo, North Dakota, owned and operated by Flag Family Media alongside WZFG. The transmitter site is near 210th Street South in Barnesville, Minnesota, and studios are on 8th Street South in Fargo.

WDAY's power is 10,000 watts, and its transmitter site has three towers. Two towers are used for the daytime directional antenna, and all three at night, in order to protect other stations on 970 kHz from interference. WDAY's daytime signal covers the eastern half of North Dakota, west central Minnesota, northeastern South Dakota, and southern Manitoba.
Robert Rauschenberg
Milton Ernest "Robert" or "Bob" Rauschenberg (October 22, 1925 – May 12, 2008) was an American painter and graphic artist whose early works anticipated the Pop art movement. Rauschenberg is well known for his Combines (1954–1964), a group of artworks which incorporated everyday objects as art materials and which blurred the distinctions between painting and sculpture. Rauschenberg was primarily a painter and a sculptor, but he also worked with photography, printmaking, papermaking and performance.

Rauschenberg received numerous awards during his nearly 60-year artistic career. Among the most prominent were the International Grand Prize in Painting at the 32nd Venice Biennale in 1964 and the National Medal of Arts in 1993.

Rauschenberg lived and worked in New York City and on Captiva Island, Florida, until his death on May 12, 2008.

Stable Gallery
The Stable Gallery, originally located on West 58th Street in New York City, was founded in 1953 by Eleanor Ward. The Stable Gallery hosted early solo New York exhibitions for artists including Marisol Escobar, Robert Indiana and Andy Warhol.
Petrobras
Petróleo Brasileiro S.A., better known by and trading as the portmanteau Petrobras (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˌpɛtɾoˈbɾas, pet-]), is a Brazilian majority state-owned multinational corporation in the petroleum industry, which is headquartered in Rio de Janeiro. The company's name translates to Brazilian Petroleum Corporation.

The company was ranked #71 in the 2023 Fortune Global 500 list. In the 2023 Forbes Global 2000, Petrobras was ranked as the 58th-largest public company in the world.

Tupi oil field
The Tupi oil field (reverted from Lula oil field) is a large oil field located in the Santos Basin, 250 kilometres (160 mi) off the coast of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The field was originally nicknamed in honor of the Tupi people and later named after the mollusc, however it was also ambiguously similar to the name of former Brazilian president Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. It is considered to be the Western Hemisphere's largest oil discovery of the last 30 years.
Difficult, Tennessee
Difficult is an unincorporated community in Smith County, Tennessee, in the United States.  It lies just north of State Route 85, about halfway between Defeated to the south and Kempville to the east.  Defeated Creek, a tributary of the Cumberland River, passes through the community.

Smith County, Tennessee
Smith County is a county in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,904. Smith County is located in the region of the state known as Middle Tennessee. Its county seat is Carthage. The county was organized in 1799 and is named for Daniel Smith, a Revolutionary War veteran who made the first map of Tennessee and served as a United States senator.

Smith County is part of the Nashville-Davidson–Murfreesboro–Franklin, TN Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Royal Dramatic Theatre
The Royal Dramatic Theatre (Swedish: Kungliga Dramatiska Teatern, colloquially Dramaten) is Sweden's national stage for "spoken drama", founded in 1788. Around one thousand shows are put on annually on the theatre's five running stages.

The theatre has been at its present location in the Art Nouveau building at Nybroplan, Stockholm, since 1908. The theatre was built by the architect Fredrik Lilljekvist. Famous artists like Carl Milles and Carl Larsson were involved in making the decorations, and some of the interior decorations were made by Prince Eugen.

The theatre's acting school, the Royal Dramatic Training Academy, produced many actors and directors who would go on to be famous, including Gustaf Molander (who also taught there), Alf Sjöberg, Greta Garbo, Vera Schmiterlöw, Signe Hasso, Ingrid Bergman, Gunnar Björnstrand, Max von Sydow, and Bibi Andersson. The school was split off as a separate institution in 1967 (see Swedish National Academy of Mime and Acting).

Royal Dramatic Training Academy
The Royal Dramatic Training Academy (Swedish: Kungliga Dramatiska Teaterns Elevskola, also known as Dramatens elevskola), was the acting school of Sweden's national stage, the Royal Dramatic Theatre, and for many years (1787–1964) seen as the foremost theatre school and drama education for Swedish stage actors. It was established in 1787 by the theatre and art loving King Gustav III and was for many years under the protection of the Swedish royal family.
Advie
Advie (Scottish Gaelic: Àbhaidh) is a small village in Strathspey, in the Highland Council Area of Scotland. It lies to the south of the River Spey, and next to the A95 road, roughly halfway between Grantown-on-Spey and Aberlour.

River Spey
The River Spey (Scottish Gaelic: Uisge Spè) is a river in the northeast of Scotland. At 107 mi (172 km) it is the ninth longest river in the United Kingdom and the third longest and fastest-flowing river in Scotland.  It is an important location for the traditions of salmon fishing and whisky production in Scotland.
1944–45 Palestine League
The 1944-45 Palestine League was a special edition of the Palestine League, designated as a "test league". For this season, 14 teams took part in the league, divided into two regional leagues. The northern division was won by Hapoel Tel Aviv, while the southern district was won by Beitar Tel Aviv.

The two regional winners were due to meet at the end of the season in two friendly matches, however these matches were not played, and currently the IFA recognize both team as league champions for this season.

Beitar Tel Aviv F.C.
Beitar Tel Aviv Football Club (Hebrew: מועדון כדורגל בית"ר תל אביב) was an Israeli football club based from Tel Aviv. The club merged in 2000 with Shimshon Tel Aviv to create Beitar Shimshon Tel Aviv, and later, after the merge came apart, merged with Ironi Ramla to create Beitar Tel Aviv Ramla.

On 22 May 2019, Ramla withdrew the merger and the club merged with Maccabi Ironi Bat Yam,  and the club changed its name to Beitar Tel Aviv Bat Yam.
Gyldendal's Endowment
The Gyldendal Prize, formerly Gyldendal's Endowment, is a Norwegian literary prize awarded by the Norwegian publisher Gyldendal Norsk Forlag. Gyldendal's Endowment was awarded from 1934 to 1995  and was superseded by the Gyldendal Prize in 1996. The prize is awarded for the entire body of the author's work and regardless of their publisher.

Paal-Helge Haugen
Paal-Helge Haugen (born 26 April 1945) is a Norwegian poet, novelist, dramatist and children's writer who has published over 30 books. His titles have been translated into at least 20 languages. His 1968 "punktroman" or "pointillist novel," Anne, was the first in its genre and was soon considered a modern classic. In 2019, Hanging Loose Press published the first English translation of  Anne], after Julia Johanne Tolo's translation of the book won the sixth annual Loose Translations Prize, jointly sponsored by Hanging Loose Press and the graduate writing program of Queens College, City University of New York.
Inch, County Down
Inch (Irish: Inis) is a civil parish in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is situated in the historic barony of Lecale Lower. It shares its name with Inch townland, which has an area of approximately 560 acres (0.9 sq mi). Inch Abbey is located within the civil parish and townland of Inch.

Lecale Lower
Lecale Lower (named after the former barony of Lecale) is a barony in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies to the east of the county with Strangford Lough to its north and the Irish Sea to its right. It is bordered by five other baronies: Lecale Upper to the south; Ards Upper to the north-east just across the mouth of Strangford Lough; Dufferin to the north; Castlereagh Upper to the north-west; and Kinelarty to the west.

In medieval times the Ó Coltair (Coulter) sept is noted in the Lecale Lower area, of which the townland of Ballyculter gets its name.

The barony of Lecale Lower was created in 1851 when the barony of Lecale was split into two, the other part being Lecale Upper.