hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Callum Macdonald
Callum Macdonald MBE (1912–1999), was a Scottish printer and publisher born in Breaclete on the island of Great Bernera. He was educated in Stornoway and read History at the University of Edinburgh. After service in the Royal Air Force in World War II, he set up in business as a publisher in Edinburgh (relocating latterly to Loanhead) and founded the literary journal Lines Review in 1952. He died in Peebles.

As a principled publisher, Callum Macdonald used proceeds from his general printing business to specialise in the publication of poetry and was instrumental in advancing the work of many major Scottish poets such as Hugh MacDiarmid, Sydney Goodsir Smith and Norman MacCaig. He was awarded an MBE for services to Scottish literary publishing in 1992.

In 2001, his widow, the poet Tessa Ransford, founded the Callum Macdonald Memorial Award, an annual prize given to small publishers who specialise in poetry.

Great Bernera
Great Bernera (/ˈbɜːrnərə/; Scottish Gaelic: Beàrnaraigh Mòr), often known just as Bernera (Scottish Gaelic: Beàrnaraigh), is an island and community in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. With an area of just over 21 square kilometres (8 square miles), it is the thirty-fourth largest Scottish island.

Great Bernera lies in Loch Roag on the north-west coast of Lewis and is linked to it by a road bridge. Built in 1953, the bridge was the first pre-stressed concrete bridge in Europe. The main settlement on the island is Breaclete (Gaelic: Breacleit).
2011 Football League Cup final
The 2011 Football League Cup final was the final match of the 2010–11 Football League Cup, the 51st season of the Football League Cup, a football competition for the 92 teams in the Premier League and the Football League. The match was contested by Arsenal and Birmingham City, at Wembley Stadium in London, on 27 February 2011. Birmingham City won the game 2–1 and were guaranteed a spot in the third qualifying round of the 2011–12 UEFA Europa League. Mike Dean was the referee.

Mike Dean (referee)
Mike Dean (born 2 June 1968) is an English former professional football referee primarily in the Premier League. He is based in Heswall, Wirral, in North West England, and is a member of the Cheshire County Football Association.

Since his appointment as a Select Group referee in 2000, Dean officiated a number of notable matches, including the FA Community Shield and the finals of the FA Cup, Football League Cup and FA Trophy before retiring as a referee in 2022 and as a video assistant referee (VAR) in 2023.
Pubudu Chathuranga
Eththiligoda Vidana Gamage Pubudu Chathuranga, (born 12 November 1982: Sinhala: පුබුදු චතුරංග), popularly as Pubudu Chathuranga, is an actor in Sri Lankan cinema, theater and television. He is also worked as a model, TV presenter and a screenplay writer.

Raigam Tele'es
Raigam Tele'es (Sinhala: රයිගම් ටෙලි සම්මාන) is an award bestowed to distinguished individuals involved with Sri Lanka's television screen, each year by the Kingdom of Raigam, Sri Lanka, in recognition of the various contributions made by them to the Sri Lankan teledrama industry, television programs, and media sector in the preceding year. The Raigam Tele'es is one of the most popular television program events in Sri Lanka. The awards were first introduced in 2005 and have been continuously undertaken with one interruption in 2021.
This Filthy World
This Filthy World is a one-man show/documentary film by John Waters about his life and career. A filmed version of the show was directed by Jeff Garlin, recorded at the Harry DeJour Playhouse in New York City in 2006, and released later that year by Red Envelope Entertainment.

Waters has performed a speaking engagement under the title This Filthy World since around 2003, though he frequently updates it to include new anecdotes and references to current events; in 2013, he said that "maybe 2%" of the show's material at that point was the same as the version featured in the film.

Jeff Garlin
Jeffrey Garlin (born June 5, 1962) is an American stand-up comedian and actor. He played Jeff Greene on the HBO sitcom Curb Your Enthusiasm, and Murray Goldberg, patriarch of the eponymous family in the ABC sitcom The Goldbergs. Garlin also played Marvin on Mad About You and Mort Meyers on Arrested Development for Fox and Netflix.

Garlin has also appeared as Captain B. McCrea in WALL-E, Buttercup in Toy Story 3, Toy Story 4, Toy Story 5, Perry Babcock in ParaNorman, and Mr. Britt in Safety Not Guaranteed, among other films.
Dávid Vitézy
Dávid Vitézy (born 1 December 1985) is a Hungarian economist, transport and urban mobility expert, politician, who served as Secretary of State for Transport in the Fifth Orbán Government for a brief time from May to November 2022. He was a candidate for Mayor of Budapest in the 2024 Budapest mayoral election.

He was a prominent member of the NGO Urban and Suburban Transport Association (VEKE) from 2000 to 2010. He was inaugural CEO of Centre for Budapest Transport (BKK) between 2010 and 2014. He was ministerial commissioner overseeing the development of public transport, especially the coordination of regional and long-distance relations within the Ministry of National Development for some months in 2015. He served as director of the Hungarian Technical and Transport Museum from 2016 to 2022. Simultaneously, he was CEO of Budapest Development Center (BFK) from 2020 to 2022.

Gergely Karácsony
Gergely Szilveszter Karácsony ([ˈkɒraːt͡ʃoɲ ˌɡɛrɡɛj ˌsilvɛstɛr]; born 11 June 1975) is a Hungarian politician, sociologist, political scientist, activist and current Mayor of Budapest. He previously served as member of the National Assembly (MP) from 2010 to 2014 and Mayor of Zugló from 2014 to 2019.
Solomon bar Simson Chronicle
The Solomon bar Simson Chronicle is an anonymous Hebrew narrative history produced in the mid-12th century (1140). Like the Eliezer bar Nathan Chronicle and the Mainz Anonymous, it is concerned with the persecutions of Jewish communities in the Rhineland area, notably Speyer, Worms, Mainz and Trier, during the First Crusade (1095-1099).

The text comes down to us in a manuscript of the 15th century, which was discovered only in the late 19th century. The transmitted text is complete, but marred by many scribal errors. A passage in the section on the Jewry in Cologne provides a date of 1140 for at least that part in which it occurs.

Eliezer ben Nathan
Eliezer ben Nathan (Hebrew: אליעזר בן נתן) of Mainz (1090–1170), or Ra'avan (ראב"ן‎), was a halakist and liturgical poet. As an early Rishon, he was a contemporary of the Rashbam and Rabbeinu Tam, and one of the earliest of the Tosafists. He was the son-in-law of Eliakim b. Joseph of Mainz, a fellow student of Rashi. Through his four daughters Eliezer became the ancestor of several learned families which exerted a great influence upon religious life in the subsequent centuries. One of his great-grandsons was R. Asher ben Jehiel (Rosh), father of R. Jacob, author of the Ṭurim.

In or around 1160, a synod was held in Troyes as part of the Takkanot Shum. This synod was led by Rabbeinu Tam, his brother, Rashbam, and Ra'avan. Over 250 rabbis from communities all over France attended as well. A number of communal decrees were enacted at the synod covering both Jewish-Gentile relations as well as matters relating internally to the Jewish community.
Awjila language
Awjila (also Aujila, Augila, Aoudjila, Awgila, Awdjila; own name: Jlan n Awilen; in other Berber varieties Tawjilit) is a severely endangered (considered "moribund" by Ethnologue) Eastern Berber language spoken in Cyrenaica, Libya, in the Awjila oasis. Due to the political situation in Libya, immediate data on the language has been inaccessible.  However, Facebook postings by speakers and younger semi-speakers have provided some recent supplementary data.

Awjila
Awjila (Arabic: أوجلة, Italian: Augila) is an oasis town in the Al Wahat District in the Cyrenaica region of northeastern Libya. Since classical times it has been known as a place where high quality dates are farmed.  Since the Arab conquest in the 7th century, Islam has played an important role in the community.  The oasis is located on the east-west caravan route between Egypt and Tripoli, Libya, and the north-south route between Benghazi and the Sahel between Lake Chad and Darfur. In the past, it was an important trading center. The people cultivate small gardens using water from deep wells.  Recently, the oil industry has become an increasingly important source of employment.
14th NFL Honors
The 14th NFL Honors was an awards ceremony presented by the National Football League that honored players, coaches, and moments from the 2024 NFL season. It was held on February 6, 2025, at the Saenger Theater in New Orleans, Louisiana. It was broadcast by Fox and NFL Network (with NFL+ streaming the ceremony) and was hosted by rapper Snoop Dogg. Buffalo Bills quarterback Josh Allen was presented with the AP NFL Most Valuable Player award at the ceremony. Inductees for the 2025 Pro Football Hall of Fame class were also announced at the event.

2024 NFL season
The 2024 NFL season was the 105th season of the National Football League (NFL). The season began on September 5, 2024, with reigning Super Bowl champion Kansas City defeating Baltimore in the NFL Kickoff Game. The regular season concluded on January 5, 2025.  The playoffs started on January 11 and concluded with Philadelphia defeating Kansas City in Super Bowl LIX, the league's championship game, at the Caesars Superdome in New Orleans, Louisiana, on February 9.
Clinton School of Public Service
The University of Arkansas Clinton School of Public Service is a branch of the University of Arkansas system and is the newest of the presidential schools. It is located on the grounds of the Clinton Presidential Center in Little Rock. The school is housed in the Choctaw Route Station, a former Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad station built in 1899.

Former Senator and Governor David Pryor was named as the school's first dean. He stepped down from his position as dean in February 2006 but retained the title and active position of Founding Dean. Skip Rutherford was appointed to succeed David Pryor and was named dean on April 12, 2006, and served until June 30, 2021. University of Arkansas System President Dr. Donald R. Bobbitt announced his recommendation of Dr. Victoria M. DeFrancesco Soto as the school's next dean on September 7, 2021.

David Pryor
David Hampton Pryor (August 29, 1934 – April 20, 2024) was an American politician who served as a representative for Arkansas's 4th congressional district from 1966 until 1973 and as a senator from Arkansas from 1979 until 1997. A member of the Democratic Party, Pryor also served as the 39th governor of Arkansas from 1975 to 1979 and was a member of the Arkansas House of Representatives from 1960 to 1966. He served as the acting chairman of the Arkansas Democratic Party from 2008 to 2009, following Bill Gwatney's assassination.
Deaf Smith County, Texas
Deaf Smith County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,583. The county seat is Hereford, which is known as the "Beef Capital of the World". The county was created in 1876 and later organized in 1890. The Hereford, TX Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Deaf Smith County.

Quay County, New Mexico
Quay County (/ˈkweɪ/) is a county in the state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 8,746. Its county seat is Tucumcari. The county was named for Pennsylvania senator Matthew Quay, who supported statehood for New Mexico. Its eastern border is the Texas state line, approximately 103.04 degrees west longitude.
Thomas Coningsby II
Thomas Coningsby II (died 1616), of Hampton Wafer, Herefordshire was an English politician.

Coningsby was the 3rd son of Thomas Coningsby I of Leominster, Herefordshire.

Coningsby was a Clerk of the Petty Bag from 1607 to 1609.

Coningsby was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Leominster 1601, 1604 and 1614.

Thomas Coningsby I
Thomas Coningsby I (fl. 1559), of Leominster, was an English politician.

Coningsby was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Leominster in 1559.

Coningsby's son was Thomas Coningsby II (died 1616), also an MP.
Valsalva maneuver
The Valsalva maneuver is performed by a forceful attempt of exhalation against a closed airway, usually done by closing one's mouth and pinching one's nose shut while expelling air, as if blowing up a balloon. Variations of the maneuver can be used either in medical examination as a test of cardiac function and autonomic nervous control of the heart (because the maneuver raises the pressure in the lungs), or to clear the ears and sinuses (that is, to equalize pressure between them) when ambient pressure changes, as in scuba diving, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, or air travel.

A modified version is done by expiring against a closed glottis. This will elicit the cardiovascular responses described below but will not force air into the Eustachian tubes.

Glottis
The glottis (pl.: glottises or glottides) is the middle region of the larynx, where the vocal folds are located. Within this region is the opening between the vocal folds (the rima glottidis). The glottis is crucial in producing sound  from the vocal folds.
Never Mind the Quality, Feel the Width
Never Mind the Quality, Feel the Width is a British television sitcom first broadcast in 1967 as a single play in the Armchair Theatre anthology series, later becoming a series of half-hour episodes, which ran until 1971. A total of 40 episodes were made; along with a mini episode that was featured in ITV's All Star Comedy Carnival in 1969.

It was originally made by ABC Weekend TV for the ITV network, with its production being continued by Thames Television from the 1968 Christmas special onwards.

Joe Lynch (actor)
Joseph Laurence Lynch (16 July 1926 – 1 August 2001) was an Irish actor who had a long career in both comedy and drama. He provided voice work for children's animated series, in particular Chorlton and the Wheelies.

Lynch was also a singer and songwriter, performing in the film Johnny Nobody (1961). He also recorded work by other songwriters, including Leo Maguire's "The Whistling Gypsy" and Dick Farrelly's "Cottage by the Lee", one of his biggest 1950s recordings.
Neutron flux
The neutron flux is a scalar quantity used in nuclear physics and nuclear reactor physics. It is the total distance travelled by all free neutrons per unit time and volume. Equivalently, it can be defined as the number of neutrons travelling through a small sphere of radius  in a time interval, divided by a maximal cross section of the sphere (the great disk area, ) and by the duration of the time interval.: 82-83  The dimension of neutron flux is  and the usual unit is cm−2s−1 (reciprocal square centimetre times reciprocal second).

The neutron fluence is defined as the neutron flux integrated over a certain time period. So its dimension is  and its usual unit is cm−2 (reciprocal square centimetre). An older term used instead of cm−2 was "n.v.t." (neutrons, velocity, time).

Nuclear reactor physics
Nuclear reactor physics is the field of physics that studies and deals with the applied study and engineering applications of chain reaction to induce a controlled rate of fission in a nuclear reactor for the production of energy.

Most nuclear reactors use a chain reaction to induce a controlled rate of nuclear fission in fissile material, releasing both energy and free neutrons. A reactor consists of an assembly of nuclear fuel (a reactor core), usually surrounded by a neutron moderator such as regular water, heavy water, graphite, or zirconium hydride, and fitted with mechanisms such as control rods which control the rate of the reaction.

The physics of nuclear fission has several quirks that affect the design and behavior of nuclear reactors. This article presents a general overview of the physics of nuclear reactors and their behavior.
Radiojazzgruppen
Radiojazzgruppen (The Radio Jazz Group) was a Swedish band led by Arne Domnérus (1967–78) and Lennart Åberg (early 1980s). Several prominent Swedish musicians have been members of the group, such as Ulf Andersson, Jan Allan, Bosse Broberg, Rolf Ericson, Olle Lind, Rune Gustafsson, Bengt Hallberg, Egil Johansen, Jan Johansson and Georg Riedel.

During the 1970s and 80s the band worked with guest musicians and composers such as Carla Bley, Anthony Braxton, Don Cherry, Gil Evans, Thad Jones, George Russell and Aage Tanggaard.

Aage Tanggaard
Aage Tanggaard (born 25 February 1957) is a Danish jazz drummer and record producer. A pupil of Michael Carvin and Ed Thigpen, he has been a member of several notable bands; including Radiojazzgruppen, Ernie Wilkins' Almost Big Band and the Hamburg-based NDR Big Band. He has also performed and recorded extensively, beginning from 1982, with Stan Getz, Roland Hanna, Michal Urbaniak, Horace Parlan, Duke Jordan, Chet Baker, Paul Bley, Lee Konitz, Dexter Gordon, Clark Terry and Doug Raney among other notable artists. He is the founder of Audiophon Recording Studio where he works as a producer.
Cliff Young (athlete)
Albert Ernest Clifford Young OAM (8 February 1922 – 2 November 2003) was an Australian athlete from Beech Forest, Victoria. A farmer, he became notable for his unexpected win of the inaugural Sydney to Melbourne Ultramarathon in 1983 at 61 years of age.

Kevin Harrington (actor)
Kevin Harrington (born 4 September 1959) is an Australian stage, television and film actor and comedian, who is perhaps best known for his roles as Kevin Findlay on the Australian drama SeaChange in the 1990s and as David Bishop on the soap opera Neighbours.
Behind the Green Door: the Sequel
Behind the Green Door: the Sequel is a 1986 American pornographic film and the sequel to Behind the Green Door. It was produced by the Mitchell brothers and starred Missy Manners. It had a "safe sex" theme as a response to the AIDS crisis. Hence, all sexual contact between performers featured the use of condoms, dental dams and medical exam gloves.

Mitchell brothers
Brothers James Lloyd Mitchell (November 30, 1943 in Stockton, California – July 12, 2007 in Petaluma, California) and Artie Jay Mitchell (December 17, 1945 in Lodi, California – February 27, 1991 in Marin County, California) were American entrepreneurs. They operated in the pornography and striptease club business in San Francisco and other parts of California from 1969 until 1991 when Jim was convicted of killing Artie.

They opened the O'Farrell Theatre in 1969 as an adult cinema and at one time operated eleven such businesses. They produced and directed many adult films, including Behind the Green Door in 1972. They were also successful as defendants in many obscenity cases. Their notoriety significantly increased with Jim's fratricide and they became the subject of three books, X-Rated, Bottom Feeders, and 9½ Years Behind the Mitchell Brothers' Green Door and the movie Rated X.
Saxon Stadium
Saxon Stadium (formerly Tullio Stadium) is a 2,300-seat multi-purpose stadium located on the campus of Mercyhurst University in Erie, Pennsylvania. A part of the William J. Vorscheck Athletic Complex, it is the home of the Mercyhurst Lakers field hockey, football, lacrosse and marching band programs.  It also serves as home to the Erie Express semi-professional football team and the Erie Commodores FC soccer team in the National Premier Soccer League and United Women's Soccer.

The Mercyhurst Lakers men's and women's soccer teams play their home games at Mercyhurst Soccer Field, another facility at the University.

Erie Express
The Erie Express are an amateur American football minor-league team based in Erie, Pennsylvania. Founded in 2011, they are a member of the Premier Amateur Football League. In 2024, the Express played in the Tri-Point Football League (TPFL). From 2018 to 2023, the team played in the Gridiron Developmental Football League (GDFL), winning the championship in 2021. The team plays at Dollinger Field, located on the grounds of Cathedral Preparatory School.

The "Express" name reflects Erie's history as a significant hub for trains and rail transport. In 1910, GE Transportation established a locomotive assembly plant in nearby Lawrence Park. The company also designed the entire town in that area, which remains operational today. Erie also has a storied regional history of trains, especially the Erie Gauge War (1853–54).
Van Sant Airport
Vansant Airport or Van Sant Airport (FAA LID: 9N1) is a public use airport located in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States and owned by the Bucks County Airport Authority. It is two nautical miles (3.7 km) southwest of the central business district of Erwinna, Pennsylvania.

Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Bucks County is in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 646,538, making it the fourth-most populous county in Pennsylvania. Its county seat is Doylestown. The county is named after the English county of Buckinghamshire. The county is part of the Southeast region of the commonwealth.

The county represents the northern boundary of the Philadelphia–Camden–Wilmington, PA–NJ–DE–MD metropolitan statistical area.

To its southwest, Bucks County borders Montgomery County and Philadelphia, the nation's sixth-largest city. To its east, the county borders the Delaware River and U.S. state of New Jersey. To its north, the county borders Lehigh and Northampton counties in the state's Lehigh Valley region. The county is approximately 30 miles (48 km) southeast of Allentown, the state's third-largest city, and 40 miles (64 km) north of Philadelphia, the state's largest city.
Bottisham Village College
Bottisham Village College is a mixed secondary school located in Bottisham, Cambridgeshire, England. The school opened in 1937 as the second village college as a part of the Local Director of Education Henry Morris' vision for providing education for local people in the countryside around Cambridge.

Many classes for adults are offered in the evenings and on the weekends. The school provides education for children aged 11–16 in the local area around Bottisham.

Henry Morris (education)
Henry Morris (13 November 1889 – 14 December 1961) is known primarily as the founder of village colleges. He was the Chief Education Officer for Cambridgeshire for over thirty years, taking up the post in 1922 during a time of depression in the United Kingdom following the First World War.
Heart Bomb
Heart Bomb (French: Une bombe au cœur) is a 2019 Canadian short film, directed by Rémi St-Michel. The film stars Alexis Lefebvre as an actor who must confront his fears when a role requires him to perform a dangerous stunt.

The cast also includes Brigitte Poupart, Julianne Côté, Sébastien René, Guillaume Cyr, Eric K. Boulianne, Normand Daoust, Étienne Galloy and Müller Hammadi.

The film won the award for Best Canadian Short Film at the 2019 Quebec City Film Festival, and was a Prix Iris nominee for Best Live Action Short Film at the 22nd Quebec Cinema Awards in 2020.

Étienne Galloy
Étienne Galloy is a Canadian actor and filmmaker from Quebec. He is most noted for his performance as Stefie in the 2016 film Prank, for which he received a Prix Iris nomination for Revelation of the Year at the 19th Quebec Cinema Awards in 2017.

He has also appeared in the films Little Brother (Petit frère), Genesis (Genèse), Before We Explode (Avant qu'on explose), Heart Bomb (Une bombe au cœur), Kuessipan, Evergreen$ (Sapin$) and Follies (Folichonneries), and the television series No More Parents, Marc-en-Peluche, Karl & Max, GAME(R) and Olivier.

The Marina (La Marina), which he co-directed with Christophe Levac as both actors' directorial debut film, was released in 2020.