hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polygyny in Islam
Traditional Sunni and Shia Islamic marital jurisprudence allows Muslim men to be married to multiple women (a practice known as polygyny)—up to four wives at a time under Islamic law—with the stipulation that if the man fears he is unable to treat more wives fairly he must marry only one. Marriage by a woman to multiple husbands (polyandry) is haram (forbidden).

Contemporary views on the practice vary. Some think it is no longer socially useful and should be banned (Rasha Dewedar). Some hold that it should be allowed only in cases of necessity (Muḥammad ʿAbduh). One school (Shafi‘i) has ruled it makruh: that is, Islamically allowed but discouraged. Still others feel it is part of the Islamic marriage system and that denying it is tantamount to denying "the wisdom of divine decree" (Bilal Philips and Jamila Jones).

Polygyny
In Eritrea, India, the Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, and Sri Lanka polygyny is legal only for Muslims.

In Nigeria and South Africa, polygynous marriages based on customary law are legally recognized for Muslims.

In Mauritius, polygynous unions have no legal recognition. However, Muslim men may marry up to four women, but they do not have the legal status of wives.

Polygyny (/pəˈlɪdʒɪni/) is a form of polygamy entailing the marriage of a man to several women. The term polygyny is from Neoclassical Greek πολυγυνία (polugunía); from Ancient Greek  πολύ (polú) 'many' and  γυνή (gunḗ) 'woman, wife'.
Robin Allan
Robin Sutcliffe Allan (7 September 1900 – 5 July 1966) was a New Zealand geologist and university professor. The university professor William Salmond was his grandfather.

Allan was the geologist on the 1924 Chatham Islands Expedition.

In 1953, Allan was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal. The Allan Hills in Antarctica, mapped by the New Zealand party (1957–58) of the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition, were named in his honour.

Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal
The Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal (French: Médaille du couronnement de la Reine Élizabeth II) is a commemorative medal instituted to celebrate the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II on 2 June 1953.
The Married Beau
The Married Beau or The Curious Impertinent is a 1694 comedy play by the English writer John Crowne. It is inspired by a passage from Miguel de Cervantes's Don Quixote. Incidental music was composed by Henry Purcell.

It was first staged by the United Company in London. The original Drury Lane cast featured George Powell as Loveley, Thomas Betterton as Polidor, Thomas Doggett as Thorneback, William Bowen as Sir John, Elizabeth Barry as Mrs Loveley, Elizabeth Bowman as Cecilia, Anne Bracegirdle as Camilla and Susanna Verbruggen as Lionell. The published version was dedicated to the Tory politician the Marquess of Normanby.

John Crowne
John Crowne (6 April 1641 – 1712) was a British dramatist.

His father "Colonel" William Crowne, accompanied the earl of Arundel on a diplomatic mission to Vienna in 1637, and wrote an account of his journey. He emigrated to Nova Scotia where he received a grant of land from Cromwell, but the French took possession of his property, and the home government did nothing to uphold his rights.
Battle of Turda
The Battle of Turda lasted from 5 September to 8 October 1944, in the area around Turda, Kingdom of Romania, as part of the wider Battle of Romania. Troops from the Hungarian 2nd Army and the German 8th Army fought a defensive action against Romanian and Soviet forces. The battle was one of the largest fought in Transylvania during World War II.

Turda
Turda (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈturda]; Hungarian: Torda, Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈtorda]; German: Thorenburg; Latin: Potaissa) is a city in Cluj County, Transylvania, Romania. It is located in the southeastern part of the county, 34.2 km (21.3 mi) from the county seat, Cluj-Napoca, to which it is connected by the European route E81, and 6.7 km (4.2 mi) from nearby Câmpia Turzii.

The city consists of four neighborhoods: Turda Veche, Turda Nouă, Oprișani, and Poiana. It is traversed from west to east by the Arieș River and north to south by its tributary, Valea Racilor.
Rhabdocupes
Rhabdocupes is an extinct genus of beetles in the family Ommatidae, known from the Late Triassic Madygen Formation of Kyrgyzstan, containing the following species:

Rhabdocupes baculatus Ponomarenko, 1969

Rhabdocupes longus Ponomarenko, 1966

Rhabdocupes minor Ponomarenko, 1966

Rhabdocupes may be closely related to the genus Notocupes.

Ommatidae
The Ommatidae are a family of beetles in the suborder Archostemata. The Ommatidae are considered the extant beetle family that has most ancestral characteristics. There are only seven extant species, confined to Australia and South America. However, the geographical distribution was much wider during the Mesozoic spanning across Eurasia and Australia, suggesting that they were widespread on Pangea. So far, over 26 extinct genera containing over 170 species of these beetles have been described. Three extant genera have been assigned to this family: Omma, Tetraphalerus and Beutelius. The family is considered to be a subfamily of Cupedidae by some authors, but have been found to be more closely related to Micromalthidae in molecular phylogenies. A close relationship with Micromalthidae is supported by several morphological characters, including those of the mandibles and male genitalia. Due to their rarity, their ecology is obscure, it is likely that their larvae feed on deadwood.
Sudharani Raghupathy
Sudharani Raghupathy (born 21 March 1944, in Pollachi)is an Indian classical Bharatanatyam dancer. She received Padma Shri in 1988 and Central Sangeet Natak Akademi award in 1984.
She is the author of Laghu Bharatam, a handbook for Bharatanatyam Dance. She is the Founder and Trustee of Sree Bharatalaya, Chennai.

Sangeet Natak Akademi Award
Sangeet Natak Akademi Award (IAST: Saṅgīta Nāṭaka Akādamī Puraskāra), also known as the Akademi Puraskar, is an award given by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy of Music, Dance & Drama. It is the highest Indian recognition given to people in the field of performing arts.

In 2003, the award consisted of Rs. 50,000, a citation, an angavastram (a shawl), and a tamrapatra (a brass plaque). Since 2009, the cash prize has been increased to ₹1,00,000. The awards are given in the categories of music, dance, theatre, other traditional arts and puppetry, and for contribution/scholarship in performing arts.
Wally Burr
Walter Story Burr (June 2, 1924 – July 9, 2017), also credited as Wally Burr and Walter Burr, was an American voice actor and director.

As the voice director for The Transformers and The Transformers: The Movie, Burr was known for his perfectionist recording sessions that lasted eight hours. He voice directed several other cartoons during the 1980s, such as G.I. Joe, Jem, Inspector Gadget, and Spider-Man. Burr's vocal performances include The Atom on Super Friends, and Harvey Gabor on Jem, among others.

Burr served in the U.S. Army during World War II as a tank commander and saw action in Normandy. After the war, he was promoted to captain. He had two children.

The Skatebirds
The Skatebirds (onscreen title: Skatebirds) is an American live action/animated package program produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions and broadcast on CBS from September 10, 1977, to January 21, 1978.
It has many similarities to The Banana Splits.
Snow (single)
Snow is a 1993 single released by Scottish band Cocteau Twins, released in December 1993 on Fontana Records. It contains cover versions of the Christmas standards "Frosty the Snowman" and "Winter Wonderland". It is out of print, though its tracks appear on the compilation Lullabies to Violaine.

Lullabies to Violaine
Lullabies to Violaine is a Cocteau Twins box set released in limited quantities by 4AD Records in November 2005. Comprising four CDs, the box set collects the tracks from every Cocteau Twins EP and single from Lullabies to Violaine, except the 1990 "Heaven or Las Vegas" single and the four songs on the 1991 EPs and Singles & Box Set bonus disc. It was also released as two separate double CD packs titled Lullabies to Violaine: Volume 1 and Lullabies to Violaine: Volume 2 the following year.
Winchester, Adams County, Ohio
Winchester is a village in Winchester Township, Adams County, Ohio, United States. The population was 987 at the 2020 census.  The name of the surrounding township is also named Winchester.

State Route 136 passes through Winchester.  Winchester is adjacent to Ohio State Route 32, a four lane divided highway known as the Appalachian Highway.  The Appalachian Highway links Winchester to Cincinnati.

Ohio State Route 32
State Route 32 (SR 32), also known as the James A. Rhodes Appalachian Highway, is a major east–west highway across the southern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. It is the eighth longest state route in Ohio, spanning southern Ohio from Cincinnati to Belpre, across the Ohio River from Parkersburg, West Virginia. Except in Belpre, leading up to the bridge into West Virginia, the entire route outside Cincinnati's beltway (Interstate 275, I-275) is a high-speed four-lane divided highway, forming the Ohio portion of Corridor D of the Appalachian Development Highway System.
Badger High School (Ohio)
Badger High School is a public high school in Kinsman, Ohio, Trumbull County, Ohio. It is the only high school in the Joseph Badger Local School District. Athletic teams are known as the Braves, and they compete as a member of the Ohio High School Athletic Association in the Northeastern Athletic Conference.

OHSAA Northeast Region athletic conferences
This is a list of high school athletic conferences in the Northeast Region of Ohio, as defined by the OHSAA. Because the names of localities and their corresponding high schools do not always match and because there is often a possibility of ambiguity with respect to either the name of a locality or the name of a high school, the following table gives both in every case, with the locality name first, in plain type, and the high school name second in boldface type. The school's team nickname is given last.
When Knights Were Bold (1929 film)
When Knights Were Bold is a 1929 British silent adventure film directed by Tim Whelan and starring Nelson Keys, Miriam Seegar and Eric Bransby Williams. It was adapted from the 1906 play When Knights Were Bold by Harriett Jay and made at Cricklewood Studios.

When Knights Were Bold (play)
When Knights Were Bold is a comedy play by the British writer Harriett Jay writing under the pseudonym of Charles Marlowe which was first performed in 1906. A British officer Guy De Vere returns home from service in India after inheriting an estate and a baronetcy in the village of Little Twittering where he encounters a number of eccentrics. His cousin Rowena, meanwhile, falls madly in love with him. It should not be confused with the 1898 novel When Knighthood Was in Flower by Charles Major which is sometimes known by this title.
Lefschetz fixed-point theorem
In mathematics, the Lefschetz fixed-point theorem is a formula that counts the fixed points of a continuous mapping from a compact topological space  to itself  by means of traces of the induced mappings on the homology groups of . It is named after Solomon Lefschetz, who first stated it in 1926.

The counting is subject to an imputed multiplicity at a fixed point called the fixed-point index. A weak version of the theorem is enough to show that a mapping without any fixed point must have rather special topological properties (like a rotation of a circle).

Fixed point (mathematics)
In mathematics, a fixed point (sometimes shortened to fixpoint), also known as an invariant point, is a value that does not change under a given transformation. Specifically, for functions, a fixed point is an element that is mapped to itself by the function. Any set of fixed points of a transformation is also an invariant set.
Tule Springs Fossil Beds National Monument
Tule Springs Fossil Beds National Monument, a United States National Monument near Las Vegas, Clark County, Nevada, was established in 2014 to protect Ice Age paleontological discoveries. The 22,650-acre (9,170 ha) monument is administered by the National Park Service.

The national monument is located in the Upper Las Vegas Wash and protects part of the Tule Springs.  The wash area also includes several patches of the rare Las Vegas bear poppy. The land was designated after a local campaign to permanently protect the landscape as a national monument.

Tule Springs
Tule Springs is one of the larger urban retreats in Las Vegas, Nevada, and the Las Vegas Valley.  It is a significant desert ecosystem consisting of a series of small lakes that formed an oasis in this area of the Mojave Desert.  Both the springs and the ranch are located within the Floyd Lamb Park at Tule Springs which is operated by the City of Las Vegas.
Roger Neilson
Roger Paul Neilson, CM (June 16, 1934 – June 21, 2003) was a Canadian professional ice hockey coach, most notably in the NHL, where he served with eight teams. Known as Captain Video because of his technological contributions to the game, he is a member of the Hockey Hall of Fame in the builder category. Alongside his decorated coaching abilities, Neilson is commonly remembered today for his many antics which resulted in the creation of several NHL rules.

Born in Toronto, Neilson attended a public high school, North Toronto Collegiate Institute. Neilson's coaching career began as a student at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario, where he continued to coach until graduation with a degree in physical education in both hockey and baseball.

North Toronto Collegiate Institute
North Toronto Collegiate Institute (NTCI) is a semestered, public high school with over 1,200 students located in the North Toronto area of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The school is operated and governed by the Toronto District School Board. From its founding in 1912 until 1998, it was overseen by the Toronto Board of Education.

The school is located in Midtown Toronto in the Yonge and Eglinton neighbourhood. The majority of students come from the surrounding Chaplin Estates, Lytton Park, Mount Pleasant, Davisville Village, Bayview Avenue, Moore Park, Lawrence Park, Broadway Avenue and St. Clair Avenue areas. All students have North Toronto CI as their home school. The closest TTC subway station is Eglinton station. The school's motto is Labor Omnia Vincit, which is Latin for 'Work conquers all'. North Toronto CI celebrated its 100th anniversary in May 2012.
International Juridical Association
The International Juridical Association (IJA; 1931–1942) was an association of socially minded American lawyers, established by Carol Weiss King and considered by the U.S. federal government (in the form of the U.S. House Un-American Activities Committee or HUAC) as "another early (communist) front for lawyers.  The principal concern about the IJA (and, as of 1942, its successor group, the National Lawyers Guild or NLG) was that it "constituted itself an agent of a foreign principal hostile to the interests of the United States."

Joseph Kovner
Joseph Kovner (c. 1910–1994)  was a 20th-century American lawyer and government official, best known as assistant general counsel to Lee Pressman for the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) in the 1930s and 1940s and then attorney with the Justice Department.
Mike Wilhelm (musician)
Michael Ray Wilhelm (March 18, 1942 – May 14, 2019) was an American guitarist, singer and songwriter, best known as a founding member of the influential Bay Area band the Charlatans, who have been widely credited as starting the Haight-Ashbury psychedelic scene during the 1960s. He later played with the bands Loose Gravel and the Flamin' Groovies.

Flamin' Groovies Now
Flamin' Groovies Now is a studio album by the Flamin' Groovies, released in 1978. It was produced by Dave Edmunds, and marked a resurgence of the San Francisco band. The band supported the album with a lengthy UK tour.
Hydroelectric Development in Easterville, Chemawawin
Hydroelectric development in Easterville, Chemawawin began in 1962. By the early 1960s a new era began to emerge in Northern Manitoba with the development of hydroelectric projects. In 1962 the government of Manitoba contacted the Chemawawin Cree Nation asking them to surrender their lands so that the Grand Rapids Dam could be constructed. Subsequent flooding of the land that belonged to the Chemawawin people meant relocating them to Easterville, Manitoba. The Grand Rapids Forebay Administration Committee, or Forebay Committee for short, sent what is known as the "Letter of intent" or "Forebay Agreement" to the Chemawawin community stipulating a number of promises to them should they decide to relocate. Ultimately the Chemawawin people relocated to Easterville and continue to live there today. The agreements made between the government of Manitoba and the Chemawawin Indian Band are highly disputed in terms of whether the agreements were fulfilled.

Easterville, Manitoba
Easterville is an unincorporated community, designated as a northern community, in the Canadian province of Manitoba.

It is situated 200 kilometres southeast of The Pas and 100 kilometres (40 km by air) west of Grand Rapids, on the south shore of Cedar Lake. Its elevation above sea level is 265 metres (869 ft). The Chemawawin Cree Nation community is adjacent to the community on Cedar Lake.

The current community of Easterville was established in 1962, when nearby native populations were being displaced by the building of the Grand Rapids Dam, which flooded their prior ~80-year-old community of Chemawawin.
2021 Nottingham Trophy – Women's doubles
Jocelyn Rae and Anna Smith were the defending champions, having won the previous edition in 2014, however Rae had since retired from professional tennis, whilst Smith chose not to participate.

Monica Niculescu and Elena-Gabriela Ruse won the title, defeating Priscilla Hon and Storm Sanders in the final, 7–5, 7–5.

Monica Niculescu
Monica Niculescu (born 25 September 1987) is a Romanian professional tennis player. She has been ranked by the WTA as high as No. 28 in singles and No. 11 in doubles. She has won three singles and 10 doubles titles on the WTA Tour, one singles and three doubles titles on the WTA Challenger Tour, as well as 19 singles and 22 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

She was ranked within the top 30 for several years in singles. Niculescu entered the Grand Slam doubles final at Wimbledon 2017 tournament, together with Chan Hao-ching. She reached the quarterfinals in doubles in all Grand Slam championships. In WTA 1000 tournaments, she got into three finals (doubles), six semifinals (five in doubles), and 12 quarterfinals (11 in doubles). In singles, her best Grand Slam performance is reaching round four, which she did at the 2011 US Open and 2015 Wimbledon Championships.
Files Crossroad, West Virginia
Files Crossroad is an unincorporated community in Berkeley County, West Virginia, United States. The community is located east of Martinsburg on West Virginia Route 45 at its crossroads with County Route 45/4. The community was originally known as Smoketown, hence the name of its historic Smoketown Cemetery.

The Rush-Miller House, located near Files Crossroad, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985.

Berkeley County, West Virginia
Berkeley County is located in the Shenandoah Valley in the eastern panhandle region of West Virginia in the United States. The county is part of the Hagerstown–Martinsburg metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the county population was 122,076, making it the second-most populous of West Virginia's 55 counties, behind Kanawha County. The City of Martinsburg is the county seat.
Gibraltar Constitution Order 1969
The Gibraltar Constitution Order 1969 was published on 30 May 1969 as an Order in Council.

The constitution was the outcome of the Constitutional Conference chaired by the 2nd Baron Shepherd which lasted from 16 to 24 July 1968. The Gibraltarian members of the Constitutional Conference were: Joshua Hassan, Aurelio Montegriffo and Abraham Serfaty for the Association for the Advancement of Civil Rights; Robert Peliza, Maurice Xiberras and legal advisor Sir Frederick Bennet for the Integration With Britain Party; and Peter Isola.

Joshua Hassan
Sir Joshua Abraham Hassan (21 August 1915 – 1 July 1997), nicknamed "Salvador" (Saviour), was a Gibraltarian politician, and first mayor and Chief Minister of Gibraltar, serving four terms as chief minister for a total of over 20 years. He is seen as the key figure in the civil rights movement in Gibraltar, and played a key role in the creation of the territory's institutions of self-government.
Nagaybaksky District
Nagaybaksky District (Russian: Нагайба́кский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-seven in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is 3,022 square kilometers (1,167 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Fershampenuaz. Population: 20,927 (2010 Census); 24,310 (2002 Census); 25,959 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Fershampenuaz accounts for 20.9% of the district's total population.

Fershampenuaz
Fershampenuaz (Фершампенуа́з, from Fère-Champenoise) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Nagaybaksky District in Chelyabinsk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southern Urals, approximately 60 km southwest of Magnitogorsk.
I Don't Like It, I Love It
"I Don't Like It, I Love It" is a song by American rapper Flo Rida from his fifth studio album My House. The song features American singer Robin Thicke and Earth, Wind & Fire bassist Verdine White. It was released as the album's third promotional single on March 31, 2015. The song was released as the album's second official single on June 19, 2015, in the Republic of Ireland and on June 21 in the United Kingdom. In the latter country, BBC Radio 1's Nick Grimshaw began playing an unofficial version of the song in which soundbites by Audrey Roberts (portrayed by Sue Nicholls) from the long-running British soap opera Coronation Street were played over it. The song was heard in the climax of the 2016 comedy film Ride Along 2.

Audrey Roberts
Audrey Roberts (also Potter) is a fictional character from the ITV soap opera Coronation Street, played by Sue Nicholls. Audrey made her first appearance on 16 April 1979 and appeared on a recurring basis for three years until April 1982. She returned over two years later in July 1984, before becoming a full-time regular character from 1985.
Kemah Boardwalk
The Kemah Boardwalk is a 60-acre Texas Gulf Coast theme park in Kemah, Texas, approximately 30 miles southeast of Downtown Houston, Texas. The Boardwalk is built entirely along the shores of Galveston Bay and Clear Lake. The complex is owned and operated by Landry's, Inc., and has restaurants, rides, midway games, a boutique hotel, a charter yacht, a 400-slip marina and shops. There is no charge to walk on the boardwalk. Tickets are sold for rides.

Boardwalk (entertainment district)
A boardwalk is a promenade along a beach or waterfront. In North America, and particularly in the United States, many waterfront commercial boardwalks have become so successful as tourist attractions that the simple wooden pathways have been replaced by esplanades made of concrete, brick or other construction, sometimes with a wooden façade on the surface. An entertainment boardwalk often contains an amusement park, casinos, or hotels on a pier-like structure. One of the earliest such boardwalks was designed in New Jersey and opened June 26, 1870, in Atlantic City, and one of the longest is Mazatlán's Malecón, at 13 miles (21 km) of oceanfront boardwalk.