hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Funk transform
In the mathematical field of integral geometry, the Funk transform (also known as Minkowski–Funk transform, Funk–Radon transform or spherical Radon transform) is an integral transform defined by integrating a function on great circles of the sphere.  It was introduced by Paul Funk in 1911, based on the work of Minkowski (1904).  It is closely related to the Radon transform.  The original motivation for studying the Funk transform was to describe Zoll metrics on the sphere.

Zoll surface
In mathematics, particularly in differential geometry, a Zoll surface, named after Otto Zoll, is a surface homeomorphic to the 2-sphere, equipped with a Riemannian metric all of whose geodesics are closed and of equal length.  While the usual unit-sphere metric on S2 obviously has this property, it also has an infinite-dimensional family of geometrically distinct deformations that are still Zoll surfaces.  In particular, most Zoll surfaces do not have constant curvature.

Zoll, a student of David Hilbert, discovered the first non-trivial examples.
Sam (ugly dog)
Sam
(November 7, 1990 – November 18, 2005) was a blind, pure-bred Chinese Crested dog, and three-time champion of the annual Sonoma-Marin Fair World's Ugliest Dog Contest in Northern California in 2003–2005. His ugliness earned him international fame.

His owner, Santa Barbara resident Susie Lockheed, took him in as a rescue dog in 1999 from his first owner.

In 2005, Sam starred on Criss Angel's 2005 Mindfreak Halloween Special, which aired on the A&E Network. Sam played the role of Angel's cat, dressed up in a Halloween costume.
Sam was featured on Japanese television, New Zealand radio and the Daily Telegraph in England.

Due to heart complications, Sam was euthanized on November 18, 2005, just 11 days after his 15th birthday.

Chinese Crested Dog
The Chinese Crested Dog is a hairless breed of dog. Like most hairless dog breeds, the Chinese Crested Dog comes in two varieties, without hair and with hair, which can be born in the same litter: the hairless and the powderpuff.
Black Market Music (album)
Black Market Music is the third studio album by British alternative rock band Placebo. The album took nine months to record, from late-1999 to mid-2000; the longest that the band had ever spent recording an album until 2022's Never Let Me Go. It was released on 9 October 2000 by record label Hut.

Four singles were released from the album: "Taste in Men", "Slave to the Wage", "Special K" and "Black-Eyed". The album reached number 6 in the UK Albums Chart, and received a generally favourable reaction from music critics.

Black-Eyed
"Black-Eyed" is a song by English alternative rock band Placebo. It was released as a single from their third studio album, 2000's Black Market Music. The song tells the story of a character with a troubled childhood, bitterly affecting their development: "I'm forever black-eyed/A product of a broken home".

The official music video includes scenes from the 2001 German film Engel & Joe.

Reviews of the song ranged between it being called "clumsy posturing" and applauded that as "things start getting mellower and darker [...] One of the nicest [is] Black-Eyed, which sees the electronics politely let the guitars have a go between wailed choruses. In fact, alongside current single Slave To The Wage, this is possibly a favourite moment on the album."
RAF Chipping Norton
Royal Air Force Chipping Norton or more simply RAF Chipping Norton is a former  Royal Air Force satellite station located near Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire, England. It was operational from 10 July 1940 to 1945 and returned to agricultural use when disposed of in 1953.

Chipping Norton
Chipping Norton is a market town and civil parish in the Cotswolds in the West Oxfordshire district of Oxfordshire, England, about 12 miles (19 km) south-west of Banbury and 18 miles (29 km) north-west of Oxford. The 2011 Census recorded the civil parish population as 5,719. It was estimated at 6,254 in 2019.
Crown of Wilhelm II
The Crown of Wilhelm II (German: Krone von Wilhelm II), also known as the Hohenzollern Crown (Hohenzollernkrone), is the 1888 crown made for Wilhelm II, German Emperor, in his role as King of Prussia.

The crown is surmounted by a diamond-studded cross which rests on a large sapphire.  These rest on eight half-arches rising from the base that are adorned with 142 rose-cut diamonds and 18 diamonds.  Eight large pearls are mounted between the arches.

When Wilhelm abdicated in 1918 he was permitted to retain the jewels, which included the Hohenzollern crown. To protect it from theft and destruction during World War II, it was hidden in a wall in the crypt of a church. After the war it was returned to the Hohenzollern family and is now kept at the family residence of the Hohenzollern Castle.

Crown
A crown is a traditional form of head adornment, or hat, worn by monarchs as a symbol of their power and dignity. A crown is often, by extension, a symbol of the monarch's government or items endorsed by it. The word itself is used, particularly in Commonwealth countries, as an abstract name for the monarchy itself (and, by extension, the state of which said monarch is head) as distinct from the individual who inhabits it (that is, The Crown). A specific type of crown (or coronet for lower ranks of peerage) is employed in heraldry under strict rules. Indeed, some monarchies never had a physical crown, just a heraldic representation, as in the constitutional kingdom of Belgium.
November 1983 Cook Islands general election
General elections were held in the Cook Islands on 2 November 1983. The result was a victory for the Democratic Party, which won 13 of the 24 seats. A coalition government was formed with the opposition Cook Islands Party, with Democratic Party leader Thomas Davis as prime minister and CIP leader Geoffrey Henry as deputy prime minister. Henry was later replaced with Terepai Maoate.

Thomas Davis (Cook Islands politician)
Sir Thomas Robert Alexander Harries Davis KBE (11 June 1917 – 23 July 2007) was a Cook Islands statesman and medical researcher. He served as Prime Minister of the Cook Islands from 1978 to March 1983, and again from November 1983 to July 1987. He also worked as a medical officer, and as a medical researcher for the US Army and NASA. He was a founder of the Cook Islands Voyaging Society and constructed and voyaged in several replica vaka, including Tākitumu and Te Au o Tonga.
Analalava
Analalava is a coastal town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in north-western Madagascar over the Mozambique Channel. It is approximately 150 kilometres north of Mahajanga and some 430 kilometres north of the capital Antananarivo. It belongs to the district of Analalava, which is a part of Sofia Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 10,000 in 2001 commune census.

Analalava is served by a local Analalava Airport. In addition to primary schooling the town offers secondary education at both junior and senior levels. The town has a permanent court and hospital.

The majority 60% of the population works in fishing. 25% are farmers, while an additional 10% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crop is rice, while other important products are coconuts and cassava. Services provide employment for 5% of the population.

Analalava Airport
Analalava Airport is an airport in Analalava, Madagascar (IATA: HVA, ICAO: FMNL). It is at Latitude -14.6296997 Longitude 47.7638016 with Runway 1 length of 3937 feet. The airport has a field elevation of 345 feet and a magnetic variation of 10.286°W it is a regional airport that has scheduled airline service.
Brad Walst
Brad Walst (born February 17, 1977) is a Canadian musician. He is the bassist and a founding member of the rock band Three Days Grace, which also includes his younger brother Matt. As of 2022, Three Days Grace has sold over 10 million albums and singles combined worldwide and the band's songs streams surpass two billion.

Life Starts Now
Life Starts Now is the third studio album by the Canadian rock band Three Days Grace. The album was released on September 22, 2009. It was produced by Howard Benson. It was the second time in a row that the band has worked with him, after the commercially successful One-X. Life Starts Now expresses a lighter lyrical mood compared to the previous album. It is the first Three Days Grace album to be released by Sony Music Entertainment and the last to be released by Jive Records, as Sony disbanded the label in 2011.
Vellerat
Vellerat (French pronunciation: [vɛlʁa]) is a former municipality in the district of Delémont in the canton of Jura in Switzerland. On 1 January 2019, the former municipalities of Rebeuvelier and Vellerat merged into the municipality of Courrendlin.

Delémont District
Delémont District (German: Delsberg) is one of the four districts of the canton of Jura, Switzerland. Its capital, and that of the canton, is the city of Delémont. The district is almost entirely French-speaking and has a population of 38,954 (as of 31 December 2020).
Cold Beer Calling My Name
"Cold Beer Calling My Name" is a song recorded by American country music singers Jameson Rodgers and Luke Combs. It was released on December 7, 2020, as the second single from Rodgers' debut studio album Bet You're from a Small Town. The song was co-written by Rodgers, along with Alysa Vanderheym, Brett Tyler, and Hunter Phelps, and produced by Chris Farren and Jake Mitchell.

Bet You're from a Small Town
Bet You're from a Small Town is the debut studio album by American country music singer Jameson Rodgers. It was released on September 17, 2021 via Columbia Nashville. The album contains the number-one singles "Some Girls" and "Cold Beer Calling My Name", the latter of which features Luke Combs.
Sakphara
Sakphara is a town and Village Development Committee  in Ilam District in the Province No. 1 of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,004 persons living in 512 individual households.

Ilam District
Ilam district (Nepali: इलाम जिल्लाListenⓘ) is one of 14 districts of Koshi Province of eastern Nepal. It is a Hill district and covers 1,703 km2 (658 sq mi). The 2011 census counted 290,254 inhabitants.  The municipality of Ilam is the district headquarters and is about 600 km (370 mi) from Kathmandu.

Ilam attracts many researchers and scientists for the study of medicinal and aromatic plants, orchids, rare birds and the red panda. Ilam stretches from the Terai belt to the upper hilly belt of this Himalayan nation.
Land of the Great Horses
"Land of the Great Horses" is a short story by R. A. Lafferty from Harlan Ellison's science fiction anthology Dangerous Visions.  The story takes a broad view of the earth after extraterrestrials (the Outer Visitors) return the native land of the Romany (the Land of the Great Horses), on which they had been experimenting. Roma everywhere leave their work to return to it.

They then scoop up the city of Los Angeles, whose residents become the new wanderers, Angelenos. When asked what happened, they commonly reply, "They came and took our Dizz away from us."

Dangerous Visions
Dangerous Visions is an anthology of science fiction short stories edited by American writer Harlan Ellison and illustrated by Leo and Diane Dillon. It was published in 1967 and contained 33 stories, none of which had been previously published.

A path-breaking collection, Dangerous Visions helped define the New Wave science fiction movement, particularly in its depiction of sex in science fiction. Writer/editor Al Sarrantonio wrote that Dangerous Visions "almost single-handedly [...] changed the way readers thought about science fiction."

Contributors to the volume included 20 authors who had won, or would win, a Hugo, Nebula, World Fantasy, or BSFA award, and 16 with multiple such awards. Ellison introduced the anthology both collectively and individually while the authors provided afterwords to their stories.
Lakes Grammar
Lakes Grammar is an independent Anglican co-educational primary and secondary day school, located at the northern end of the Central Coast in the suburb of Warnervale, New South Wales, Australia.  The school has two distinct spaces; a Junior School for students from Kindergarten to Year 6; and Senior School for students from Year 7 to Year 12.

Lakes Grammar is accredited according to the standards of Kids Matter, an Australian mental health and well-being framework.

Warnervale
Warnervale is a town in the Central Coast Council local government area in the Central Coast region in the state of New South Wales, Australia.  It lies approximately 101 km north of Sydney, located west of Tuggerah Lake, a large shallow coastal lake, and just north of Wyong.

In the 2021 census, the Australian Bureau of Statistics located a population of 701 within Warnervale's boundaries. The broader Warnervale-Wadalba statistical area had 20,051 people.
The Day of the Bomb
The Day of the Bomb (in German Sadako Will Leben, meaning Sadako Wants to Live) is a novel written by the Austrian author Karl Bruckner in 1961.

The story is about a Japanese girl named Sadako Sasaki who lived in Hiroshima and died of illnesses caused by radiation exposure following the atomic bombing of the city in August 1945.

The book was translated into most major languages, published on the World Wide Web, and is often used as material for peace education in schools around the world.

Karl Bruckner
Karl Bruckner (January 9, 1906 – October 25, 1982) was an Austrian children's writer.

Committed to peace, international understanding, and social justice, he became one of Austria's leading writers for young people.
U.S. Virgin Islands Highway 40
Highway 40 is a road on St. Thomas, USVI. Starting at a junction with Highway 42 on the eastern shore of St. Thomas, the road is about seven miles (11 km) long. Highway 40 serves several small towns in the eastern and central parts of St. Thomas. After the junction with Highway 42, the road continues west for a few miles, overlapping Highway 37 along the way, until it turns southward to meet Highway 33. Highway 40 then starts its descent into Charlotte Amalie. It enters the town on Gamle Norsidevei, until it meets Prindsesse Gade, which is one-way westbound. Traffic is directed onto Prindsesse to Nye Norsidevei, which is one-way southbound, which then meets Dronnigens Gade (Highway 308). Traffic on Dronnigens Gade wishing to access Highway 40 must turn right on General Gade, left on Prindsesse, and finally right onto Gamle Norsidevei.

Charlotte Amalie, U.S. Virgin Islands
Charlotte Amalie (/ˈʃɑːrlət əˈmɑːli(ə)/ SHAR-lət ə-MAH-lee(-ə); Danish: [ʃɑˈlʌtʰə ɑˈmɑːljə]), on Saint Thomas, is the capital and largest town of the U.S. Virgin Islands. It is on the island's southern shore at the head of Charlotte Amalie Harbor. The town is known for its historic sites, Danish colonial architecture, harbor, and shopping. In 2020, it had a population of 8,194, making it the most densely populated town in the U.S. Virgin Islands.

It has a deep-water harbor that was once a haven for pirates (including Blackbeard) and is now one of the busiest ports of call for cruise ships in the Caribbean. About 1.5 million cruise ship passengers land there annually, and hundreds of ferries and yachts pass by each week. Protected by Hassel Island, the harbor has docking and fueling facilities, machine shops, and shipyards and was a U.S. submarine base until 1966.
Matt Freeman (basketball)
Matthew Jon Freeman (born 9 December 1997) is a New Zealand professional basketball player who last played for SCM U Craiova of the Liga Națională. He played college basketball for the Oklahoma Sooners and UC Santa Barbara Gauchos.

Franklin Bulls
The Franklin Bulls are a New Zealand professional basketball team based in Pukekohe. The Bulls compete in the National Basketball League (NBL), playing their home games at the Franklin Pool and Leisure Centre, known as the Stockyard.
Mogroside
A mogroside is a triterpene glycoside of cucurbitane derivatives found in certain plants, such as the fruit of the gourd vine Siraitia grosvenorii (known as monkfruit or luohan guo). Mogrosides are extracted from S. grosvenorii and used in the manufacture of sugar substitutes.

Cucurbitane
Cucurbitane is a tetracyclic chemical compound with formula C30H54.  It is a polycyclic hydrocarbon, specifically triterpene.  It is also an isomer of lanostane (specifically 19(10→9β)-abeolanostane), from which it differs by the formal shift of a methyl group (carbon number 19) from the 10 to the 9β position in the standard steroid numbering scheme.

The name is applied to two stereoisomers, distinguished by the prefixes 5α- and 5β-, which differ by the handedness of the bonds at a particular carbon atom (number 5 in the standard steroid numbering scheme).

5α-Cucurbitane

5β-Cucurbitane

Cucurbitane is the core chemical structure of a class of derivatives known as cucurbitane-type triterpenoids or simply as cucurbitanes.
Isidore Verheyden
Isidore Verheyden (24 January 1846 in Antwerp – 1 November 1905 in Elsene) was a Belgian painter of landscapes, portraits and still life.

He was the son of painter Jean-François Verheyden; his first teacher at the Académie Royale des Beaux-Arts of Brussels was Joseph Quinaux, and in 1866 he entered the studio of Jean-François Portaels for further study.  He also studied under the landscape painter Théodore Baron; he in turn taught Anna Boch.

Verheyden was a founding member of the anti-academic Société Libre des Beaux-Arts in 1868, and a member of Les XX from 1884 to 1886.

Royal Academy of Fine Arts, Brussels
The Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Brussels (French: Académie royale des Beaux-Arts de Bruxelles [akademi ʁwajal de boz‿aʁ də bʁysɛl] (ArBA-EsA); Dutch: Koninklijke Academie voor Schone Kunsten van Brussel [ˈkoːnɪŋkləkə ˌaːkaːˈdeːmi voːr ˈsxoːnə ˈkʏnstə(ɱ) vɑm ˈbrʏsəl]) is an art school in Brussels, Belgium, founded in 1711. Starting from modest beginnings in a single room in Brussels' Town Hall, it has since 1876 been operating from a former convent and orphanage in the Rue du Midi/Zuidstraat, which was converted by the architect Victor Jamaer. The school has played an important role in training leading local artists.
Zektor
Zektor is a 1982 multidirectional shooter video game developed by Sega Electronics and published by Sega for arcades. It challenges the player to pilot a space ship in a quest to recapture eight cities that have been captured by alien robots. The robots' dialogue is spoken through speech synthesis.

Gremlin Industries
Gremlin Industries was an American arcade game manufacturer active from 1970 to 1983, based in San Diego, California. It was acquired by Sega in 1978, and afterwards was known as Gremlin/Sega or Sega/Gremlin. Among Sega/Gremlin's most notable games are Blockade and Head On, as well as being the North American distributors for Frogger and Zaxxon. The company's name was subsequently changed to Sega Electronics in 1982, before its operations were closed in 1983.

Sega later released emulated and playable version of some of Sega/Gremlin games as vault material for the Sega Ages and Sega Genesis Collection series.
Ferapontov Monastery
The Ferapontov Monastery is a monastery of the Russian Orthodox Church in Ferapontovo, Kirillovsky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The monastery was founded by Saint Ferapont in 1398.  In 2000, the  monastery was added to the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites.

Dionisius
Dionisius (Russian: Диони́сий, romanized: Dionisy; c. 1440 – 1503/1508) was a Russian icon painter who was one of the most important representatives of the Moscow school of icon painting at the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries. He continued the traditions of Andrei Rublev. Dionisius also ran a successful network of workshops.
Second Hardy–Littlewood conjecture
In number theory, the second Hardy–Littlewood conjecture concerns the number of primes in intervals. Along with the first Hardy–Littlewood conjecture, the second Hardy–Littlewood conjecture was proposed by G. H. Hardy and John Edensor Littlewood in 1923.

Prime k-tuple
In number theory, a prime k-tuple is a finite collection of values representing a repeatable pattern of differences between prime numbers.  For a k-tuple (a, b, …), the positions where the k-tuple matches a pattern in the prime numbers are given by the set of integers n for which all of the values (n + a, n + b, …) are prime. Typically the first value in the k-tuple is 0 and the rest are distinct positive even numbers.
Technolibertarianism
Technolibertarianism, sometimes referred to as cyberlibertarianism, is a political ideology with roots in the Internet's early hacker cypherpunk culture in Silicon Valley in the early 1990s and in American libertarianism. The ideology focuses on minimizing government regulation, censorship, or anything else in the way of a "free" World Wide Web. In this case, the word "free" is referring to the meaning of libre (no restrictions), not gratis (no cost). Cyber-libertarians embrace fluid, meritocratic hierarchies, which are believed to be best served by markets. The most widely known cyberlibertarian is Julian Assange. The term technolibertarian was popularized in critical discourse by technology writer Paulina Borsook in her 2000 book, "Cyberselfish: A Critical Romp Through the Terribly Libertarian Culture of High Tech".

Paulina Borsook
Paulina Borsook is an American technology journalist and writer who has written for Wired, Mother Jones, and Suck.com. She is perhaps best known for her 2000 book Cyberselfish, a critique of the libertarian mindset of the digital technology community. As an artist-in-residence at Stanford University, in 2013 she began work on My Life as a Ghost, an art installation based on her experiences living with the traumatic brain injury she suffered due to a gunshot when she was 14 years old.
Velyka Mykhailivka settlement hromada
Velyka Mykhailivka settlement hromada (Ukrainian: Великомихайлівська селищна громада) is a hromada in Rozdilna Raion of Odesa Oblast in southwestern Ukraine. Population: 13,295 (2022 estimate)

The hromada consists of a rural settlement of Velyka Mykhailivka and 28 villages:

Rozdilna Raion
Rozdilna Raion (Ukrainian: Роздільнянський район) is a raion (district) in Odesa Oblast of Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Rozdilna. Population: 101,407 (2022 estimate).

On 17 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Odesa Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Rozdilna Raion was significantly expanded. Two abolished raions, Velyka Mykhailivka  and Zakharivka Raions, were merged into Rozdilna Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 57,209 (2020 est.).

According to the 2001 Ukrainian census the population was 78% Ukrainian, 14% Russian, 5% Moldovan (Romanian), 1% Bulgarian, and 1% Belarusian.

The urban-type settlement of Lymanske and the village of Kuchurhan are located at the western edge of the district along the border with Transnistria in Moldova.
Big Trails, Wyoming
Big Trails is an unincorporated place in the eastern part of Washakie County in north-central Wyoming. Wyoming Highway 434 leads north 21 miles to Ten Sleep, and south over mountains to Lost Cabin, Lysite, and Moneta. Barnum and Mayoworth are the nearest places to the east across the Bighorn range.

Barnum, Wyoming
Barnum is an unincorporated place in the southwestern part of Johnson County in north-central Wyoming, United States. It lies in the eastern valleys of the Bighorn Mountains. Barnum is at the western terminus of Wyoming Highway 190, approximately 17 miles west of the Kaycee exit off Interstate 25 (with U.S. Route 87).

Mayoworth is several miles north of Barnum, and Big Trails is the nearest place over the Bighorn range.

Barnum lies on the Middle Fork of the Powder River. The Middle Fork of the Powder River Recreation Area provides access to canyonlands, hiking, and fishing.