hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cape Verde swift
The Cape Verde swift or Alexander's swift (Apus alexandri) is a small bird of the swift family found only in the Cape Verde Islands. It has been recorded from all the islands except Santa Luzia although it probably breeds only on Santiago, Fogo, Brava, Santo Antão and São Nicolau. It is generally common with a stable population and is not considered to be threatened. The name Alexander's swift commemorates Boyd Alexander, an English ornithologist who led two expeditions to the islands in 1897.

Santa Luzia, Cape Verde
Santa Luzia is an island of the Barlavento archipelago in Cape Verde (officially: Cabo Verde), located between São Nicolau and São Vicente.

The island, along with the islets Branco and Raso, was designated the Santa Luzia Nature Reserve in 1990 and the 11,000 hectares (27,000 acres) Santa Luzia Marine Protected Area (MPA). All three are on the tentative list of UNESCO's List of World Heritage Sites.

Although the island has never had permanent long-term human inhabitants, it is inhabited by various animals, including sea turtles and a variety of birds.
Bipartisan Commission on Biodefense
The Bipartisan Commission on Biodefense at the Atlantic Council, formerly known as the Blue Ribbon Study Panel on Biodefense, is an organization of former high-ranking government officials that analyzes US capabilities and capacity to defend against biological threats. According to the commission's mission statement, the organization was formed to "provide for a comprehensive assessment of the state of U.S. biodefense efforts, and to issue recommendations that will foster change."

The commission is supported by donor organizations. New Venture Fund serves as the commission's fiscal sponsor. Current donors include Open Philanthropy and Bavarian Nordic.

Coefficient Giving
Coefficient Giving (formerly Open Philanthropy) is an American philanthropic advising and funding organization. Its current CEO is Alexander Berger.

As of June 2025, Coefficient Giving has directed more than $4 billion in grants across a variety of focus areas, including global health, scientific research, pandemic preparedness, potential risks from advanced AI, and farm animal welfare. It chooses focus areas through a process of "strategic cause selection" — looking for problems that are large, tractable, and neglected relative to their size.
Prenzlau station
Prenzlau (German: Bahnhof Prenzlau) is a railway station in the town of Prenzlau, Brandenburg, Germany. The station lies on the Angermünde–Stralsund railway and the train services are operated by Deutsche Bahn and Niederbarnimer Eisenbahn (NEB).

Angermünde–Stralsund railway
The Angermünde–Stralsund railway is a major railway in the north-eastern German states of Brandenburg and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, which is part of the long-distance line from Berlin to Rügen. The line is one of the oldest lines in Western Pomerania and was built and operated by the Berlin-Stettin Railway Company (Berlin-Stettiner Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft) from 1863.
Fort Pitt (Pennsylvania)
Fort Pitt was a fort built by British forces between 1759 and 1761 during the French and Indian War at the confluence of the Monongahela and Allegheny rivers, where the Ohio River is formed in western Pennsylvania (modern day Pittsburgh). It was near (but not directly on) the site of Fort Duquesne, a French colonial fort built in 1754 as tensions increased between Great Britain and France in both Europe and North America. The French destroyed Fort Duquesne in 1758 when they retreated under British attack.

Virginia colonial protection of this area ultimately led to the development of Pittsburgh and Allegheny County, Pennsylvania by British-American colonists and immigrants.

Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Allegheny County (/ˌælɪˈɡeɪni/ AL-ig-AY-nee) is a county in Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,250,578, making it the state's second-most populous county, after Philadelphia County. Its county seat and most populous city is Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania's second most populous city. The county is part of the Greater Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth, and is the center of the Pittsburgh media market.

Allegheny was the first county in Pennsylvania to be given a Native American name. It was named after the Lenape word for the Allegheny River. The meaning of "Allegheny" is uncertain. It is usually said to mean "fine river". Some historians state that the name may come from a Lenape account of an ancient mythical tribe called "Allegewi" who lived along the river before being taken over by the Lenape.
Soviet destroyer Steregushchy (1938)
Steregushchy (Russian: Стерегущий, lit. 'Watchful') was one of 29 Gnevny-class destroyers (officially known as Project 7) built for the Soviet Navy during the late 1930s. Completed in 1939, she was assigned to the Baltic Fleet. The ship played a minor role in the Winter War of 1939–1940 against the Finns. After the start of the German invasion of the Soviet Union (Operation Barbarossa) in June 1941, Steregushchy participated in the Gulf of Riga Campaign. The ship briefly provided naval gunfire support during the Siege of Leningrad before she was sunk by German dive bombers on 21 September. Her wreck was refloated in 1944, although the repairs were not completed until 1948. Steregushchy was broken up for scrap in 1959.

Baltic Fleet
The Baltic Fleet (Russian: Балтийский флот, romanized: Baltiyskiy flot) is the fleet of the Russian Navy in the Baltic Sea.

Established 18 May 1703, under Tsar Peter the Great as part of the Imperial Russian Navy, the Baltic Fleet is the oldest Russian fleet. In 1918, the fleet was inherited by the Russian SFSR which then founded the Soviet Union in 1922, where it was eventually known as the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet as part of the Soviet Navy, as during this period it gained the two awards of the Order of the Red Banner. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Baltic Fleet was inherited by the Russian Federation and reverted to its original name as part of the Russian Navy.

The Baltic Fleet is headquartered in Kaliningrad and its main base is in Baltiysk (Pillau), both in Kaliningrad Oblast, while another base is in Kronstadt, Saint Petersburg, in the Gulf of Finland.
Listed buildings in Tarvin
Tarvin is a civil parish in Cheshire West and Chester, England. It contains 27 buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England as designated listed buildings. Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest grade, two are listed at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II. The parish contains the village of Tarvin, and is otherwise rural. The listed buildings include the village church and structures in the churchyard, houses, cottages, a shop, a war memorial, and a public house. Outside the village they are houses and farmhouses.

Tarvin
Tarvin is a village in the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It had a population of 2,693 people at the 2001 UK census, rising to 2,728 at the 2011 census, and the ward covers about 17 square miles (44 km2).
Montier-en-Der
Montier-en-Der (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃tje ɑ̃ dɛʁ]) is a former commune in the Haute-Marne department in north-eastern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune La Porte du Der. The 10th century church of the former Montier-en-Der Abbey has been preserved.

Montier-en-Der Abbey
The Abbey of Montier-en-Der in Haute-Marne, France, was formerly a Benedictine, later Cluniac, abbey, dissolved during the French Revolution, the grounds and premises of which, since 1806, have been used as the French National Stud Farm.
Mmap
In computing, mmap(2) is a POSIX-compliant Unix system call that maps files or devices into memory. It is a method of memory-mapped file I/O. It implements demand paging because file contents are not immediately read from disk and initially use no physical RAM at all. The actual reads from disk are performed after a specific location is accessed, in a lazy manner. After the mapping is no longer needed, the pointers must be unmapped with munmap(2). Protection information—for example, marking mapped regions as executable—can be managed using mprotect(2), and special treatment can be enforced using madvise(2).

In Linux, macOS and the BSDs, mmap can create several types of mappings. Other operating systems may only support a subset of these; for example, shared mappings may not be practical in an operating system without a global VFS or I/O cache.

Memory-mapped file
A memory-mapped file is a segment of virtual memory that has been assigned a direct byte-for-byte correlation with some portion of a file or file-like resource.  This resource is typically a file that is physically present on disk, but can also be a device, shared memory object, or other resource that an operating system can reference through a file descriptor.  Once present, this correlation between the file and the memory space permits applications to treat the mapped portion as if it were primary memory.
Mactaquac Dam
The Mactaquac Dam is an embankment dam used to generate hydroelectricity in Mactaquac, New Brunswick.  It dams the waters of the Saint John River and is operated by NB Power with a capacity to generate 670 megawatts of electricity from 6 turbines; this represents 20 percent of New Brunswick's power demand.

Mactaquac, New Brunswick
Mactaquac is a community in the Canadian province of New Brunswick in York County around the intersection of Route 105 and Route 615.

Mactaquac is home to the Mactaquac Dam, a hydroelectric dam located on the Saint John River. Mactaquac's main sources of recreation are boating, snowmobiling, horseback riding and other outdoor activities.  Mactaquac is also the home of the Mactaquac Provincial Park and Treego Mactaquac.
Julius Jr.
Julius Jr. is an animated preschool children's television series based on the characters of the Paul Frank brand. Co-produced by American company Saban Brands and Canadian company Brain Power Studio, the show aired on Family Channel and Family Jr. on May 12, 2015 in Canada and the Nick Jr. Channel in the United States. The show debuted on September 29, 2013, with its second season premiering on November 3, 2014. The show’s last episode aired on August 9, 2015, when it was taken off the air. In 2019, all online content regarding the show was removed from Nick Jr.'s website as well. The show features Elizabeth Daily as the voice of Julius.

Saban Brands
Saban Brands was an American brand management and production company and a defunct subsidiary of Saban Capital Group based in Los Angeles, California. Founded by Israeli American media mogul Haim Saban as a successor to an earlier company he co-founded, Saban Entertainment (later BVS Entertainment), it was active from 12 May 2010 to 2 July 2018.
The Wonder List with Bill Weir
The Wonder List with Bill Weir is a CNN original documentary television series hosted by American journalist Bill Weir.  The series debut was on March 1, 2015, with the first episode on Vanuatu. CNN announced that it had commissioned a second series in shortly after the first series aired. The third season aired on October 7, 2017. The four episodes of the fourth season were released on CNN+ on April 21, 2022, just hours before it was announced the streaming service would be shut down the following week.

The series entails Bill Weir telling the stories of people, places and cultures at a crossroads.

Bill Weir
William Francis Weir (born 1967) is an American television journalist and author based in Manhattan. Weir is a correspondent and anchor for CNN, and the creator and host of the global documentary series "The Wonder List with Bill Weir." He is the former co-anchor of Nightline on ABC television network in the United States and co-anchored the weekend edition of Good Morning America from 2004 to 2010. His debut book, Life as We Know It (Can Be), confronts the biggest threats to life as we know it and explores ideas for building a more promising future, drawing on his reporting experience as CNN's Chief Climate Correspondent and as the host of The Wonder List.
Kibaran orogeny
The Kibaran orogeny is a term that has been used for a series of orogenic events, in what is now Africa, that began in the Mesoproterozoic, around 1400 Ma and continued until around 1000 Ma when the supercontinent Rodinia was assembled.
The term "Kibaran" has often been used for any orogenic rocks formed during this very extended period.
Recently, it has been proposed that the term should be used in a much narrower sense for an event around 1375 Ma and a region in the southeast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

These orogenic events are also known as the Grenville orogeny in North America and the Dalslandian orogeny in Western Europe.

Mesoproterozoic
The Mesoproterozoic Era is a geologic era that occurred from 1,600 to 1,000 million years ago. The Mesoproterozoic was the first era of Earth's history for which a fairly definitive geological record survives. Continents existed during the preceding era (the Paleoproterozoic), but little is known about them. The continental masses of the Mesoproterozoic were more or less the same ones that exist today, although their arrangement on the Earth's surface was different.
Pertti Lehtonen
Pertti Leo Jorma Lehtonen (born 18 October 1956 in Helsinki, Finland) is a retired professional ice hockey player who played in the SM-liiga. He played for HIFK. He was inducted into the Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame in 1998. His nickname was "Ruoska"("The whip") because of his strong slapshot.

HIFK Hockey
HIFK Hockey (a traditional abbreviation of the Swedish name Idrottsföreningen Kamraterna, Helsingfors, English: "Sporting Society Comrades, Helsinki") is a professional ice hockey team based in Helsinki, Finland that plays in the SM-liiga, the sport's top-level league in Finland. The team plays at Helsinki Ice Hall.
House of Pleasure for Women
House of Pleasure for Women (Italian: Bordella) is a 1976  satirical comedy film written and directed by  Pupi Avati and starring Gigi Proietti, Christian De Sica, Gianni Cavina, Al Lettieri and Vincent Gardenia.

Pupi Avati
Giuseppe "Pupi" Avati (born 3 November 1938) is an Italian film director, producer, and screenwriter. He is known to horror film fans for his two giallo movies The House with Laughing Windows (1976) and Zeder (1983).
Bath Iron Works
Bath Iron Works (BIW) is a major United States shipyard located on the Kennebec River in Bath, Maine, founded in 1884 as Bath Iron Works, Limited. Since 1995, Bath Iron Works has been a subsidiary of General Dynamics, one of the world's largest defense companies. BIW has built private, commercial, and military vessels, most of which have been ordered by the United States Navy.

Ranger (yacht)
Ranger was a J-class racing yacht that successfully defended the 1937 America's Cup, defeating the British challenger Endeavour II 4–0 at Newport, Rhode Island. It was the last time J-class yachts would race for the America's Cup.
Albert R. Broccoli
Albert Romolo Broccoli (/ˈbrɒkəli/ BROK-əl-ee; April 5, 1909 – June 27, 1996), nicknamed "Cubby", was an American film producer who made more than 40 motion pictures throughout his career. Most of the films were made in the United Kingdom and  often filmed at Pinewood Studios. Co-founder of Danjaq, LLC and Eon Productions, Broccoli is most notable as the producer of many of the James Bond films. He and Harry Saltzman saw the films develop from relatively low-budget origins to large-budget, high-grossing extravaganzas. Broccoli's heirs  Barbara Broccoli and Michael G. Wilson continued to produce new Bond films until 2021 when the franchise rights were sold to Amazon.

Safari (1956 film)
Safari is a 1956 British CinemaScope adventure film directed by Terence Young and set during the Mau Mau Uprising in Kenya. It stars Victor Mature, Janet Leigh, Roland Culver, John Justin, and Earl Cameron, and was intentionally cast to attract an American audience—both the hero Ken Duffield and the lead female character Linda Latham are Americans, played by American actors.
Auglaize County, Ohio
Auglaize County (/ˈɔːɡleɪz/) is a county in Northwestern Ohio, United States of America. As of the 2020 census, the population was 46,442. Its county seat and largest city is Wapakoneta.

Auglaize County comprises the Wapakoneta Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Lima-Van Wert-Celina Combined Statistical Area.

Lima, Ohio
Lima (/ˈlaɪmə/ LY-mə) is a city in Allen County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. It had a population of 35,579 at the 2020 census. The city is located in northwest Ohio along Interstate 75, approximately 72 miles (116 km) north of Dayton, 78 miles (126 km) southwest of Toledo, and 63 mi (101 km) southeast of Fort Wayne, Indiana.

Lima was founded in 1831. It is the principal city of the Lima metropolitan area, which had 102,000 residents in 2020 and is included in the Lima–Van Wert–Wapakoneta combined statistical area. The Lima Army Tank Plant, officially called the Joint Systems Manufacturing Center, was built in 1941 and is the sole producer of the M1 Abrams tank.
Otto Lanz
Otto Lanz (14 October 1865, in Steffisburg – 23 March 1935, in Amsterdam) was a Swiss surgeon.

He studied medicine at several universities in Europe, and in 1890–92 served as an assistant to Theodor Kocher at the University of Bern. Afterwards, he took an extended study trip to Berlin, Naples and London, and in 1894 settled as a docent of surgery at Bern. In 1902 he was named a professor of surgery at the University of Amsterdam.

He is remembered for his surgery of the thyroid gland and his work associated with appendicitis. In the field of plastic surgery, he introduced mesh grafting in 1907.

He was a collector of Italian Renaissance art, part of which, was on display at the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. In 1941 his widow sold the collection to Adolf Hitler, who acquired it for his proposed Führermuseum in Linz. After the war, the collection was returned to the Netherlands.

Emil Theodor Kocher
Emil Theodor Kocher (25 August 1841 – 27 July 1917) was a Swiss physician and medical researcher who received the 1909 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his work in the physiology, pathology and surgery of the thyroid. Among his many accomplishments are the introduction and promotion of aseptic surgery and scientific methods in surgery, specifically reducing the mortality of thyroidectomies below 1% in his operations.

Kocher was the first Swiss citizen and first surgeon to ever receive a Nobel Prize in Medicine. He was considered a pioneer and leader in the field of surgery in his time.
Orlando Mohorović
Orlando Mohorović (born 1950 in Labin) is a Croatian artist. He is one of the original members of a group of artists called Labinski atelieri.

Mohorović came to Düsseldorf in 1969 and met Joseph Beuys there. The Admission Board of the department Free art at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf admitted him as a student to Beuys' courses of . Orlando Mohorović was studying painting and sculpture from 1970 to 1974. At that time New Realism paintings, conceptual art, performance, sketches, small drawings and aquarelle as a pattern for installations were developed.

In 1970 he had his first exhibition in the room 20 and in the hallway.

On 5 February 1974 he was appointed master student of the Beuys class. Mohorović belonged to the group of Beuys-students, like many other renowned German artists (Jörg Immendorff, Katharina Sieverding, Anselm Kiefer, Blinky Palermo, Sigmar Polke) .

Labin
Labin (Italian/Istriot: Albona) is a town in Istria, west Croatia, with a town population of 5,806 (2021) and 10,424 in the greater municipality (which also includes the small towns of Rabac-Porto Albona and Vinež-Vines, as well as a number of smaller villages).
The Lathums
The Lathums are an English indie rock band from Wigan, Greater Manchester. They are formed of singer/songwriter and guitarist Alex Moore, lead guitarist Scott Concepcion, bassist Matty Murphy and drummer Ryan Durrans, and are managed by Alfie Skelly. They were created by The Music Project, a stage school specialising in music, art, games and media, in April 2018 after their tutor placed them in the same project group, and within a year they signed with Island Records. They released their debut album, How Beautiful Life Can Be, on 24 September 2021. It debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart on 1 October 2021.

How Beautiful Life Can Be
How Beautiful Life Can Be is the debut studio album by the English indie rock band the Lathums, released on 24 September 2021 by record label Island Records. The album debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart on 1 October 2021.
Pan Guangdan
Pan Guangdan (Chinese: 潘光旦; 1898–1967) known in English as Quentin Pan, was a Chinese sociologist, eugenist, and writer. He was one of the most distinguished sociologists and eugenists of China.  Educated at Tsinghua University on a Boxer Indemnity Scholarship, Dartmouth College and Columbia University, where he was trained by Charles B. Davenport, Pan was also a renowned expert on education. His wide research scope included eugenics, education policy, matrimony policy, familial problems, prostitute policy, and intellectual distributions. Pan's wide-ranging intellect led to his active participation in the Crescent Moon Society.

Pan's most famous student was Fei Xiaotong, the "father of Chinese anthropology."

Crescent Moon Society
The Crescent Moon Society (Chinese: 新月社; pinyin: Xīn Yuè Shè) was a Chinese literary society founded by the poet Xu Zhimo in 1923, which operated until 1931. It was named after The Crescent Moon, a poem by Rabindranath Tagore. The society began as a loosely-organized dining association. In addition to Xu Zhimo, its other members included leading author and educator Hu Shih, poets Wen Yiduo and Chen Mengjia, writers Liang Shih-chiu and Shen Congwen, Rao Mengkan, and sociologist Pan Guangdan.

The Crescent Moon Society—along with other aspects of China's literary establishment at that time—was part of the larger New Culture Movement.

It engaged in running debates with the "art for politics' sake" (and Chinese Communist Party-driven) League of the Left-Wing Writers.

The Society dissolved shortly after the death of Xu Zhimo in November 1931.
Living Desert Zoo and Gardens State Park
The Living Desert Zoo and Gardens State Park, formerly the Living Desert Zoological and Botanical State Park, is a zoo and botanical garden displaying plants and animals of the Chihuahuan Desert in their native habitats. It is located off U.S. Route 285 at an elevation of 3,200 feet (980 m) atop the Ocotillo Hills overlooking the north edge of Carlsbad, New Mexico, and the Pecos River.

Carlsbad, New Mexico
Carlsbad (/ˈkɑːrlzbæd/ KARLZ-bad) is a city in and the county seat of Eddy County, New Mexico, United States. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 32,238. Carlsbad is centered at the intersection of U.S. Routes 62/180 and 285, and is the principal city of the Carlsbad-Artesia Micropolitan Statistical Area, which has a total population of 62,314. Located in the southeastern part of New Mexico, Carlsbad straddles the Pecos River and sits at the eastern edge of the Guadalupe Mountains.

Carlsbad is a hub for potash mining, petroleum production, and tourism. Carlsbad Caverns National Park is located 20 miles (32 km) southwest of the city, and Guadalupe Mountains National Park lies 54 miles (87 km) southwest across the Texas border. The Lincoln National Forest is to the northwest of town.