hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Giovanni Amelino-Camelia
Giovanni Amelino-Camelia (born 14 December 1965, Naples) is an Italian physicist of the University of Naples Federico II who works on quantum gravity.

He is the first proposer of doubly special relativity, that is the idea of introducing the Planck length in physics as an observer-independent quantity, obtaining a relativistic theory (like Galileian relativity and Einstein's special relativity). The principles of doubly special relativity probably imply the loss of the notion of classical (Riemannian) spacetime; this led Amelino-Camelia to the study of non-commutative geometry as a feasible theory of quantum spacetime.
Amelino-Camelia is the initiator of "quantum-gravity phenomenology", for being the first to show that with some experiments under reach of current technology sensitivity to Planck-scale effects is feasible (see Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope).

Quantum spacetime
In mathematical physics, the concept of quantum spacetime is a generalization of the usual concept of spacetime in which some variables that ordinarily commute are assumed not to commute and form a different Lie algebra. The choice of that algebra varies from one theory to another. As a result of this change, some variables that are usually continuous may become discrete. Often only such discrete variables are called "quantized"; usage varies.

The idea of quantum spacetime was proposed in the early days of quantum theory by Heisenberg and Ivanenko as a way to eliminate infinities from quantum field theory. The germ of the idea passed from Heisenberg to Rudolf Peierls, who noted that electrons in a magnetic field can be regarded as moving in a quantum spacetime, and to Robert Oppenheimer, who carried it to Hartland Snyder, who published the first concrete example. Snyder's Lie algebra was made simple by C. N. Yang in the same year.
Kew Bridge railway station
Kew Bridge railway station is a railway station in Brentford, the London Borough of Hounslow, and is in London fare zone 3. The station and all trains serving it are operated by South Western Railway. The station was named after the nearby Kew Bridge.

Night buses in London
The London Night Bus network is a series of night bus routes that serve Greater London. Services broadly operate between the hours of 23:00 and 06:00.

Many services commence from or operate via Trafalgar Square and are extensions or variations of daytime routes and hence derive their number from these; for example, route N73 from Oxford Circus to Walthamstow Central follows that of route 73 as far as Stoke Newington, before continuing further north.
Bundesautobahn 95
Bundesautobahn 95 (translates from German as Federal Motorway 95, short form Autobahn 95, abbreviated as BAB 95 or A 95) is a motorway in southern Germany, supposed to connect Munich with Garmisch-Partenkirchen.

Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Garmisch-Partenkirchen (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaʁmɪʃ paʁtn̩ˈkɪʁçn̩] ⓘ; Bavarian: Garmasch-Partakurch) is an Alpine ski town in Bavaria, southern Germany. It is the seat of government of the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen (abbreviated GAP), in the Oberbayern region, which borders Austria. Nearby is Germany's highest mountain, Zugspitze, at 2,962 metres (9,718 ft) above sea level.

The town is known as the site of the 1936 Winter Olympic Games, the first to include alpine skiing, and hosts a variety of winter sports competitions.
Botanic railway station
Botanic railway station serves the Botanic area in south Belfast, Northern Ireland and students for Queen's University Belfast; it is also near Shaftesbury Square which is along Botanic Avenue. It is named after the nearby Belfast Botanic Gardens. It is one of the four stations located in the city centre, the others being City Hospital, Lanyon Place and Grand Central.

The station opened on 26 April 1976 and is very close to City Hospital Station.

Passengers can alight here for the Ulster Museum, which is situated on the edge of Botanic Gardens.

Shaftesbury Square
Shaftesbury Square is in Belfast, Northern Ireland at the southern end of Great Victoria Street and Dublin Road, with the adjoining streets of Lisburn Road and the Donegall Road converging at this junction. It is in the area commonly known as the Golden Mile.

The square was named after the Earl of Shaftesbury. Lord Shaftesbury was Lord Lieutenant of Belfast from 1904 to 1911, and Lord Lieutenant of Dorset from 1916 to 1952. He was also Lord Mayor of Belfast in 1907, and Chancellor of Queen's University, Belfast from 1909–1923.

Located nearby is Botanic railway station along Botanic Avenue.
The Unit
The Unit is an American action-drama television series created by David Mamet that aired on CBS from March 7, 2006, to May 10, 2009, with the total of four seasons and 69 episodes. The series focuses on a top-secret military unit modeled after the real-life U.S. Army special operations unit commonly known as Delta Force. It starred Dennis Haysbert, Regina Taylor, Scott Foley, Audrey Marie Anderson, Max Martini, Abby Brammell, Demore Barnes, Michael Irby, and Nicole Steinwedell.

At the time of its original broadcast, The Unit was one of CBS' most successful series, earning high television ratings and was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award. On May 19, 2009, CBS cancelled the series after four seasons.

Demore Barnes
Demore Barnes (born November 26, 1976) is a Canadian actor. Barnes is best known for his roles as Sergeant First Class Hector Williams in the CBS military action television series The Unit, the archangel Raphael in Supernatural and Deputy Chief Christian Garland in Law & Order: Special Victims Unit.

Originally from Toronto, Barnes began his career with an appearance on the sketch comedy series Squawk Box on YTV. From there he joined the cast of Street Cents.
The Belle Starr Story
The Belle Starr Story/Il mio corpo per un poker is a 1968 Italian Spaghetti Western film co-written and co-directed by Lina Wertmüller and starring Elsa Martinelli, who also sings the title song. It is the only Spaghetti Western directed by a woman and one of the few which stars a woman in the title role. Wertmüller replaced Piero Cristofani as director in his intended directorial debut.

George Eastman (actor)
George Eastman (born Luigi Montefiori; August 16, 1942) is an Italian actor and screenwriter well known for his frequent collaborations with director Joe D'Amato. He is most famous for his role as the insane, cannibalistic serial killer Klaus Wortmann in the gory 1980 horror film Antropophagus (aka The Grim Reaper). He also played a similar role in its 1981 follow-up, Absurd. Both films were directed by D'Amato and written by Eastman.
Hannah Maybank
Hannah Maybank (born in Stafford 1974) is a British artist best known for the ripped and distressed surfaces of her three-dimensional paintings in acrylic.  She graduated with an MA in Painting at the Royal College of Art, London, in 1999, following a BA (Hons) Fine Art from Liverpool John Moores University. She lives and works in London.

Stafford
Stafford (/ˈstæfərd/) is a market town and the county town of Staffordshire, England. It is located about 15 miles (24 km) south of Stoke-on-Trent, 15 miles (24 km) north of Wolverhampton and 24 miles (39 km) north-west of Birmingham. The town had a population of 71,673 at the 2021 census, and is the main settlement within the larger Borough of Stafford, which had a population of 136,837 in 2021.

Stafford has Anglo-Saxon roots, being founded in 913, when Æthelflæd, Lady of the Mercians, founded a defensive burh; it became the county town of Staffordshire soon after. Stafford became an important market town in the Middle Ages and later grew into an important industrial town, due to the proliferation of shoemaking, engineering and electrical industries.
Jamaah Ansharut Daulah
Jamaah Ansharut Daulah (JAD, Indonesian: جماعة انصار الدولة, lit. ''Helpers of the State Congregation'') was an Indonesian terrorist group that was reported to be linked to the 2018 Surabaya bombings as well as the 2019 Jolo Cathedral bombings. The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) was reported as claiming responsibility for both attacks. The group had been identified by the United States Department of State as a terrorist organization in 2017. It was banned by Iraq and Indonesia. It was also listed as a terrorist organization by the United Nations Security Council on 4 March 2020. Jamaah Ansharut Daulah

2019 Jolo Cathedral bombings
In the morning of January 27, 2019, two bombs exploded at the Roman Catholic Cathedral of Our Lady of Mount Carmel in Jolo, Sulu, Philippines. Twenty people were killed and 102 others injured. The bombings took place a week after the autonomy plebiscite held on January 21 for the creation of Bangsamoro. It is believed that the Abu Sayyaf militant group carried out the attacks, and the Islamic State claimed responsibility. President Rodrigo Duterte responded by issuing an "all-out war" directive against the Abu Sayyaf. The bombings were widely condemned by other countries and organizations.
Alexander C. Eschweiler
Alexander Chadbourne Eschweiler (August 10, 1865 – June 12, 1940) was an American architect with a practice in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. He designed residences, churches, and commercial buildings. His substantial turn-of-the-20th-century residences for the Milwaukee business elite, in conservative Tudor, Jacobethan,  and neo-Georgian idioms, have preserved their cachet in the city.  His eye-catching Japonist pagoda design  for Wadham's Oil and Grease Company filling station in Milwaukee is still admired.

Thomas A. Greene Memorial Museum
The Thomas A. Greene Memorial Museum, also known as Greene Geological Museum or Greene Museum, is a mineral and fossil museum in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, administered by the Department of Geosciences at the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee.
Peter's Friends
Peter's Friends is a 1992 British comedy film directed and produced by Kenneth Branagh, and written by Rita Rudner and Martin Bergman.

The film follows six friends (played by Stephen Fry, Branagh, Alphonsia Emmanuel, Hugh Laurie, Imelda Staunton and Emma Thompson), members of an acting troupe who graduated from Cambridge University in 1982 and went their separate ways. Ten years later, Peter inherits a large estate from his father and invites the group to spend the New Year's holiday with him.

Rita Rudner
Rita Rudner (born September 17, 1953) is an American stand-up comedian and actress. Beginning her career as a Broadway actress, Rudner noticed the lack of female comedians in New York City and turned to stand-up comedy, where she has performed for over three decades. Her performance on a variety of HBO specials and numerous appearances on The Tonight Show with Johnny Carson helped establish Rudner as one of the notable comics to emerge from the comedy boom of the 1980s.
King County District Court Regional Veterans Court
The King County District Court Regional Veterans Court is the veterans court component of King County District Court, Washington's largest court of limited jurisdiction, including the city of Seattle. The regional court was established in June 2012, and was intended to divert nonviolent veterans to mental health and drug treatment programs. By September 2014, the court had served over 50 veterans.

State senator Manka Dhingra helped create the court when she worked for the county prosector's office.

Manka Dhingra
Manka Dhingra (born 1973 or 1974) is an Indian-born American attorney and politician who is a Washington State senator. A member of the Democratic Party, she was elected to represent the 45th legislative district, on Seattle's Eastside in King County, during a 2017 special election. Dhingra is the first Sikh elected to any state legislature in the United States.

Dhingra, an Indian immigrant, founded the woman's advocacy organization API Chaya in 1996, and later worked under several elected officials at the state level. She joined the King County Prosecuting Attorney's office in 2000 and led the department's expanding mental health and veterans courts. Dhingra faced criticism in 2023 and 2024 for the data she used to support her positions on police pursuits and for claiming she still worked at the Prosecutor’s Office.
KYKA
KYKA (104.9 FM) is a radio station serving the Anchorage, Alaska, area. The station is currently owned by the Educational Media Foundation.

KMVV was the eleventh station in the United States to adopt the Alan Burns-consulted MOViN' rhythmic adult contemporary format. In November 2011, the station dropped the rhythmic AC format and began stunting with Christmas music as "Rudolph Radio". The rhythmic AC format returned briefly on December 31, but then the station went off the air at midnight on January 1, 2012. KYKA was sold to Educational Media Foundation in December 2012, and the station adopted the Air1 Christian contemporary hit radio format. On March 11, 2013, KMVV changed their call letters to KYKA.

Rhythmic adult contemporary
Rhythmic adult contemporary, often abbreviated as rhythmic AC or RAC, is an adult contemporary radio format. The format focuses primarily on rhythmic hits aimed towards an adult audience, often resembling a mixture of the classic hits and hot adult contemporary formats in practice. It typically focuses on genres such as disco, classic hip-hop, dance pop, and house music of the late 1980s/early 1990s.
Wealden Line
The Wealden Line is a partly abandoned double track railway line in East Sussex and Kent that connected Lewes with Tunbridge Wells, a distance of 25+1⁄4 miles (40.6 km). The line takes its name from the Weald, the hilly landscape the lies between the North and South Downs.

The line is essentially composed of three sections: in the south, from Lewes to Uckfield closed on 4 May 1969; from Uckfield to Eridge remains open as part of the Oxted Line from Eridge to Tunbridge Wells Central closed on 8 July 1985;

The section between Eridge and Tunbridge Wells West re-opened under the auspices of the Spa Valley Railway, whilst the Lavender Line has revived Isfield Station on the southern section with about 1 mile (1.6 km) of track towards Uckfield. There has been a concerted campaign since 1986 led by the Wealden Line Campaign to have the whole line re-opened between Lewes and Tunbridge Wells Central to passengers, but a 2008 study concluded that it would be "economically unviable".

Uckfield railway station
Uckfield railway station is the southern terminus of a branch of the Oxted Line in England, serving the town of Uckfield, East Sussex. It is 46 miles 8 chains (74.2 km) from London Bridge.

The station and all trains that call are operated by Southern. Until 1969, the line continued southwards to Lewes and Brighton.
William A. Pickering
William Alexander Pickering CMG (9 June 1840 – 26 January 1907) was the first Protector appointed on 3 May 1877 by the British government to administer the Chinese Protectorate in colonial Singapore. He was the first European official in Singapore who could speak fluent Mandarin and Hokkien and gained the trust of many of the Singapore Chinese. His efforts went a long way towards controlling the problems posed by the secret societies then. Pickering Street in Singapore's Chinatown is named after him.

Secret societies in Singapore
Secret societies in Singapore have been largely eradicated as a security issue in the city-state. However many smaller groups remain today which attempt to mimic societies of the past. The membership of these societies is largely adolescent.

Despite fading from contemporary Singaporean society, these secret societies hold great relevance to Singapore's modern history. The founding of the city-state in 1819 saw the arrival of thousands of Chinese, thereby transplanting to Singapore social systems already present in China itself. Although the secret societies were commonly associated with violence, extortion and vice, they also played a part in building a social fabric for early Chinese migrants in Singapore. They were given leeway to control the Chinese populace due to the hands-off policy adopted by the British colonial government, who hoped to create stability.
Straight into Your Arms
"Straight into Your Arms" is a song by Australian singer-songwriter Vance Joy. The song was released in February 2016 as the second single on the deluxe edition of his debut studio album Dream Your Life Away. The song peaked at number 56 on the ARIA Chart.

Vance Joy
James Gabriel Keogh (born 1 December 1987), known professionally as Vance Joy, is an Australian singer, songwriter, musician, and former Australian rules footballer. He is best known for his 2013 hit song "Riptide".

Joy signed a five-album deal with Atlantic Records in 2013. He released his debut EP God Loves You When You're Dancing in March 2013. His song "Riptide" was voted number 1 on the 2013 Triple J Hottest 100. Joy released his debut studio album Dream Your Life Away on 5 September 2014 in Australia and on 9 September 2014 elsewhere. At the ARIA Music Awards of 2015, he won Best Male Artist. His second studio album, Nation of Two, was released in 2018, and his third studio album, In Our Own Sweet Time, was released in June 2022.
Toy Defense
Toy Defense (Russian: Солдатики) is a tower defense game developed by Melesta Games. The first release of the game took place on October 17, 2012. The first two games in the series are dedicated to the World Wars, while the third takes place in a fictional location.

Melsoft Games
Melsoft Games (formerly Melesta Games) is a Belarusian video game developer focusing on casual mobile games. The company was founded in Belarus in 2007, and later opened offices in Cyprus and Lithuania. It was acquired by Israeli mobile video game developer Moon Active in December 2020.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1272
United Nations Security Council resolution 1272 was adopted unanimously on 25 October 1999, after recalling previous resolutions on East Timor (Timor Leste), particularly resolutions 384 (1975), 389 (1976), 1236 (1999), 1246 (1999), 1262 (1999) and 1264 (1999). The council established the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor (UNTAET) that was responsible for the administration of the territory until its independence in 2002.

United Nations Administered East Timor
United Nations Administered East Timor refers to the period when between 25 October 1999 and 20 May 2002, Timor-Leste was governed by the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor as a United Nations administered territory.
Cox Media Group
CMG Media Corporation (doing business as Cox Media Group) is an American media conglomerate principally owned by Apollo Global Management in conjunction with Cox Enterprises, which maintains a 29% minority stake in the company. The company primarily owns radio and television stations—many of which are located in the South, Pacific Northwest, Eastern Midwest, and Northeast, and the regional cable news network Pittsburgh Cable News Channel (PCNC).

Originally founded in December 2008 by Cox Enterprises through a consolidation of its existing publishing and broadcasting subsidiaries, the current incarnation of Cox Media Group was formed on December 17, 2019, through the acquisition by Apollo of the original Cox Media Group (along with Cox Enterprises' advertising subsidiary, Gamut) from Cox Enterprises, which transferred a controlling interest in the company to Apollo, and Northwest Broadcasting from Brian Brady.

INSP (TV network)
INSP (formerly The Inspiration Network) is an American digital cable television network that features primarily westerns (both shows and movies) and is headquartered in Indian Land, South Carolina - a suburb of Charlotte, North Carolina.

Between 1991 and 2010, INSP was a non-profit ministry focused network. In October 2010, it was re-branded and launched as a socially conservative, commercial-supported family entertainment network (over time becoming centered around westerns), and has Nielsen C3 ratings status. As of 2021, more than 60 million households receive INSP.
1993–94 NHL season
The 1993–94 NHL season was the 77th regular season of the National Hockey League. The league expanded to 26 teams with the addition of the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim and the Florida Panthers. The Minnesota North Stars relocated to become the Dallas Stars. And the league was realigned to geographically-named conferences and divisions. The New York Rangers defeated the Vancouver Canucks in seven games to become the Stanley Cup champions. It was the Rangers' fourth championship overall, and their first in 54 seasons, since 1939–40.

The spectacular play of Dominik Hasek of the Buffalo Sabres ushered in a new era of goaltending dominance in the NHL. Only three teams reached the 300-goal plateau, and only one team, the Detroit Red Wings, averaged more than four goals scored per game. Goaltenders combined for 99 shutouts during the regular season, a mark that broke the all-time regular-season record of 85 set in 1974–75.

1993 NHL entry draft
The 1993 NHL entry draft was the 31st NHL entry draft. It took place on June 26, 1993, at the Colisée de Québec in Quebec City, Quebec.

First overall pick Alexandre Daigle is widely regarded today as one of the all-time greatest draft busts in NHL history. Regarding his draft position, Daigle uttered the now infamous comment, "I'm glad I got drafted first, because no one remembers number two". Chris Pronger, selected after Daigle with pick two by the Hartford Whalers, was elected to the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2015.

The last active player in the NHL from the 1993 NHL entry draft was Kimmo Timonen, who retired after the 2014–15 season.
The Old Maid (1939 film)
The Old Maid is a 1939 American drama film directed by Edmund Goulding. The screenplay by Casey Robinson is based on the 1935 Pulitzer Prize-winning play of the same name by Zoë Akins, which was adapted from the 1924 Edith Wharton novella The Old Maid: the Fifties (taken from the collection of novellas Old New York).

Edith Wharton
Edith Newbold Wharton (/ˈhwɔːrtən/; née Jones; January 24, 1862 – August 11, 1937) was an American writer and designer. Wharton drew upon her insider's knowledge of upper-class New York society to portray, realistically, the lives and morals of the Gilded Age. In 1921, she became the first woman to win the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for her novel The Age of Innocence. She was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1996. Her other well-known works are The House of Mirth, the novella Ethan Frome, and several notable ghost stories.
Oologah Lake
Lake Oologah is a reservoir in northeastern Oklahoma. It is located near the towns of Oologah, Nowata, and Claremore. The lake has a surface of 29,500 acres (119 km2) of water and
209 miles (336 km) of shoreline with 11 lake-side parks. The water storage capacity is rated as 552,210 acre-feet (681,140,000 m3). The lake is formed along the Verdigris River, and is a source of water for the Tulsa Metropolitan Area. The purpose of the dam and lake is flood control, water supply, navigation, and recreation. Recreation opportunities include fishing, hunting, hiking and horseback riding, sailing, camping, and picnicking.

Claremore, Oklahoma
Claremore   is a city in and the county seat of Rogers County in northeastern Oklahoma, United States. Its population was 19,580 at the 2020 census, a 5.4% increase over the 18,581 recorded in 2010.  Located in the foothills of the Ozark Mountains, it is home of Rogers State University, and is part of the Tulsa metropolitan area.

This area was part of the territory of the Osage, but they were forced out under a treaty with the United States. During the Indian Removal period and until statehood, this area was a reserve of the Cherokee Nation, which had been removed from its territory in the Southeast United States. This was within what was known as the Cherokees' Cooweescoowee District.