hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
American Literature Association
The American Literature Association (ALA) is "a coalition of societies devoted to the study of American authors". It has some 110 affiliated societies, mostly concerned with the work of a particular author (e.g. the Emily Dickinson International Society or the Thoreau Society), some thematic such as the Society of Early Americanists. It was founded in 1989.

It holds an annual conference, alternating between east coast and west coast venues, attracting about 850 delegates. Some societies choose to have one of their own main meetings as part of the ALA conference, and many sessions of the conference are sponsored by member societies.  There are no plenary sessions at the conference, but seven or eight simultaneous events in each time slot.

The ALA has an executive board and a "Council of American Authors Societies", which represents the member organizations. The executive director is Alfred Bendixen, who has held this post since the association's beginnings in 1989.

Alfred Bendixen
Alfred Bendixen is the founder and Executive Director of the American Literature Association and a lecturer in the Department of Gender and  Sexuality Studies at Princeton University.

Bendixen gained a Ph.D. at the University of North Carolina in 1979, with a thesis on "Americans in Europe before 1865 : a study of the travel book". He held posts at Barnard College (1979-1988) and California State University, Los Angeles (1988-2005) before moving to Texas A&M University, where he served as the Associate Department Head of English (2007-2009) and a Professor of English (2006 - 2013). He now serves as a lecturer in the Department of Gender and  Sexuality Studies at Princeton University, having previously been a lecturer in English at the same university.

His research has centered on the recovery of 19th century literature and neglected genres, including the ghost story, detective fiction, science fiction, and travel writing.
Nabeshima Station
Nabeshima Station (鍋島駅, Nabeshima-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the Nabeshima neighborhood of the city of Saga, Saga Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Kyushu and is on the Nagasaki Main Line. It is also a freight terminal operated by the Japan Freight Railway Company (JR Freight).

Saga (city)
Saga (佐賀市, Saga-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜ.ɡa, -ŋa, sa.ɡaꜜ.ɕi, -ŋaꜜ.ɕi]) is the capital city of Saga Prefecture, located on the island of Kyushu, Japan. As of 30 April 2024, the city had an estimated population of 227,138 in 104,354 households, and a  population density of 530 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 431.81 km2 (166.72 sq mi).
2001 Banff and Buchan by-election
The 2001 Banff and Buchan by-election to the Scottish Parliament was held on 7 June 2001, the same day as a UK general election and also a Scottish Parliament by-election in Strathkelvin and Bearsden. The by-election was caused by the resignation of Scottish National Party (SNP) politician Alex Salmond as MSP for Banff and Buchan.

The SNP retained the Holyrood seat with Stewart Stevenson (who had originally been selected to contest the Westminster constituency) winning for them.

Stewart Stevenson
James Alexander Stewart Stevenson (Gaelic: Seamus Alasdair Stiùbhart MacSteafain; born 15 October 1946) is a Scottish former politician who served as Minister for Transport, Infrastructure and Climate Change from 2007 to 2010 and Minister for Environment and Climate Change from 2011 to 2012. A member of the Scottish National Party (SNP), he was Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Banffshire and Buchan Coast, formerly Banff and Buchan, from 2001 to 2021.
Jerome P. Peterson
Jerome P. "J.P." Peterson (July 14, 1936 – January 25, 2018) was an American educator and politician.

Peterson was born in Braham, Minnesota. He received his bachelor's degree in education from Augsburg College in 1958. He also studied at University of Minnesota and St. Cloud State University. He taught social studies, drivers training, and physical education at Princeton High School in Princeton, Minnesota. He lived in Princeton, Minnesota. Peterson served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1983 to 1990 and was a Democrat. Peterson died suddenly in Princeton, Minnesota.

Princeton, Minnesota
Princeton is a city in Mille Lacs and Sherburne counties in the U.S. state of Minnesota, at the junction of the Rum River and its West Branch. It is 50 miles (80 km) north of Minneapolis and 30 miles (48 km) east of St. Cloud, at the intersection of Highways 169 and 95. The population was 4,819 at the 2020 census and an estimated 5,311 in 2022. A majority of its residents live in Mille Lacs County.
Henry Julius, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg
Henry Julius (German: Heinrich Julius; 15 October 1564 – 30 July 1613), a member of the House of Welf, was Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and ruling Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel from 1589 until his death. He also served as administrator of the Prince-Bishopric of Halberstadt from 1566 and of the Prince-Bishopric of Minden between 1582 and 1585.

Dorothea of Saxony
Dorothea of Saxony (German: Dorothea von Sachsen; 4 October 1563 in Dresden – 13 February 1587 in Wolfenbüttel) was a Saxon princess from the House of Wettin and by marriage Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel.
Northcote Tigers
The Northcote Tigers are a rugby league club based in Northcote, New Zealand. The club was founded in 1910 as the Northcote Warriors though they became known as the Northcote Ramblers shortly afterwards.

The Tigers compete in the Fox Memorial competition run by the Auckland Rugby League. Between 2000 and 2002 the Northcote Tigers competed in the national Bartercard Cup before being replaced by the North Harbour Tigers for three seasons. In 1994–1996 the North Harbour Sea Eagles in the Lion Red Cup were also based at the Birkenhead War Memorial. 1 1

Tony Tuimavave
Antonio (Tony) Emil Tuimavave (born 24 April 1969) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1990s and 2000s, who was the head coach of the Ponsonby Ponies from 2010, primarily as a prop also as a lock. He was nicknamed The Chief because he is a chief back in his native Samoa.
House Work (song)
"House Work"  is a song by English DJ and record producer Jax Jones featuring vocals from Mike Dunn and British singer MNEK. The song was released as a digital download on 1 July 2016, through Polydor Records in the United Kingdom. The song peaked at number 85 on the UK Singles Chart. The single cover is Jones' first to resemble everyday commercial products, in this case the cover resembles a bottle of washing up liquid.

Mike Dunn (musician)
Mike Dunn is an American DJ and record producer from the Englewood neighborhood of Chicago. He has produced music, primarily house music, since the 1980s. Simon Dunmore of Defected Records described Dunn as "an OG, a don from Chicago, an original, a pioneer."
Martin Kay
Martin Kay (1935 – 7 August 2021) was a British computer scientist, known especially for his work in computational linguistics.

Born and raised in the United Kingdom, he received his M.A. from Trinity College, Cambridge, in 1961. In 1958 he started to work at the Cambridge Language Research Unit, one of the earliest centres for research in what is now known as Computational Linguistics. In 1961, he moved to the Rand Corporation in Santa Monica, California, US, where he eventually became head of research in linguistics and machine translation. He left Rand in 1972 to become Chair of the Department of Computer Science at the University of California, Irvine. In 1974, he moved to the Xerox Palo Alto Research Center as a Research Fellow. In 1985, while retaining his position at Xerox PARC, he joined the faculty of Stanford University half-time. He was most recently Professor of Linguistics at Stanford University and Honorary Professor of Computational Linguistics at Saarland University.

International Committee on Computational Linguistics
The International Committee on Computational Linguistics (ICCL) was founded by Dr. David Hays of the RAND Corporation in 1965 to promote the biennial International Conference on Computational Linguistics, which since the third conference in Stockholm is known by the acronym COLING after the Swedish fictional character Kolingen by Albert Engström. The current President of ICCL is Professor Jun-Ichi Tsujii of the  AIRC and membership of the committee is permanent.
Greater trochanter
The greater trochanter of the femur is a large, irregular, quadrilateral eminence and a part of the skeletal system.

It is directed lateral and medially and slightly posterior. In the adult it is about 2–4 cm lower than the femoral head. Because the pelvic outlet in the female is larger than in the male, there is a greater distance between the greater trochanters in the female.

It has two surfaces and four borders. It is a traction epiphysis.

Trochanter
A trochanter is a tubercle of the femur near its joint with the hip bone. In humans and most mammals, the trochanters serve as important muscle attachment sites. Humans have two, sometimes three, trochanters.
Alois Machek
Alois Machek (known in Serbian as Alojz Mahek/Алојз Махек) was a Czech football player and coach. Considered by Czech historiographers as one of the best Czech players prior First World War, he was responsible for the popularization of football in Serbia and Yugoslavia during the first two decades of the 20th century.

1925 Yugoslav Football Championship
The 1925 National Championship (Serbo-Croato-Slovenian: Državno prvenstvo 1925. / Државно првенство 1925.) was the third edition of the annual football competition in the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.

Jugoslavija successfully pursued the 1925 title against Građanski Zagreb, 2–3 (aet). Jugoslavija was the second club from Belgrade to win the title.
Millers Falls Company
Millers Falls Co. is a tool manufacturing company originally based in Millers Falls, Massachusetts.

It was established in Greenfield, Massachusetts in 1868 as Gunn & Amidon by Levi J. Gunn and Charles H. Amidon.  Gunn and  Amidon, along with a third partner, Henry L. Pratt built a factory in the north of Greenfield.  After the Greenfield factory burned down, the company was reorganized as the Millers Falls Manufacturing Co. It merged with Backus Vise Co. in 1872 to form Millers Falls Co..

In 1931 Millers Falls tools purchased the majority of the shares of Goodell-Pratt tools and merged with that manufacturer in 1932.

In 1962 the company was acquired by Ingersoll Rand.

In 1982, Ingersoll Rand sold the Millers Falls business to the newly created Millers Falls Tool Co.  The company was headquartered in Alpha, New Jersey.  Since 2002 the company trademark has belonged to Hangzhou Great Star Industrial, of Hangzhou, China.

Levi J. Gunn
Levi J. Gunn (June 2, 1830 – September 9, 1916) was an American manufacturer and politician who was one of the founders of the Millers Falls Company, a member of the Massachusetts Senate and in the  Massachusetts Executive Council.
Adlington, Lancashire
Adlington is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Chorley in Lancashire, England, near the West Pennine Moors. It is 3 miles (5 kilometres) south of Chorley. It became a separate parish in 1842 then grew into a township around the textile and coal mining industries until these closed in the 1960s. It had a population of 5,270 at the 2001 census, and risen to 6,010 at the 2011 census. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal runs through the village, where it holds White Bear Marina, the largest marina on the Canal.

Chorley (UK Parliament constituency)
Chorley is a constituency in Lancashire represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 1997 by Sir Lindsay Hoyle. Hoyle was originally elected for the Labour Party, but in 2019 became the Speaker, making him unaffiliated.
Frederic H. Dustin
Frederic H. Dustin, PhD (January 12, 1930 – May 5, 2018) was an American professor, author, businessman and philanthropist. He was the creator and owner of the Gimnyeong Maze Park on Jeju Island, South Korea. Dr. Dustin, a professor at Jeju National University, was an honorary citizen of the Jeju Self-governing Province. He was also reportedly the longest independently living foreigner in Korea and continued to maintain his U.S. citizenship.

Kimnyoung Maze Park
Kimnyoung Maze Park (Korean: 김녕미로공원), sometimes Gimnyeong Maze Park, Kimnyeong Maze Park, or Kimnyong Maze Park, is a hedge maze located in Jeju City, Jeju Province, South Korea. It is located in between the major tourist destinations of Manjanggul and Gimnyeongsagul.

Its construction was funded by Frederic H. Dustin (1930–2018), an American professor at Jeju National University. It was designed by the company Adrian Fisher Minotaur Maze Designs, and opened in 1987 as the first maze park in South Korea. The maze contains a number of symbols that represent the history and culture of Jeju. Dustin was fond of cats, and curated a population of them that now roams around the maze. The population is cared for and provided food, medication, and attention.
Denis of Portugal
Denis (Latin: Dionysius Alphonsus, Portuguese: Dinis Afonso; 9 October 1261 – 7 January 1325), called the Farmer King (Rei Lavrador) and the Poet King (Rei Poeta), was King of Portugal from 1279 until his death in 1325.

Dinis was the eldest son of Afonso III of Portugal by his second wife, Beatrice of Castile, and grandson of Afonso II of Portugal, Denis succeeded his father in 1279. He was married to Elizabeth of Aragon, who was later canonised as a saint of the Roman Catholic Church.

Denis ruled Portugal for over 46 years. He worked to reorganise his country's economy and gave an impetus to Portuguese agriculture. He ordered the planting of a large pine forest (that still exists today) near Leiria to prevent soil degradation that threatened the region, and to serve as a source of raw materials for the construction of the royal ships. He was also known for his poetry, which constitutes an important contribution to the development of Portuguese as a literary language.

Pope Nicholas IV
Pope Nicholas IV (Latin: Nicolaus IV; born Girolamo Masci; 30 September 1227 – 4 April 1292) was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 22 February 1288 to his death, on 4 April 1292. He was the first Franciscan to be elected pope.
Compile-time function execution
In computing, compile-time function execution (or compile-time function evaluation, or general constant expressions) is the ability of a compiler, that would normally compile a function to machine code and execute it at run time, to execute the function at compile time. This is possible if the arguments to the function are known at compile time, and the function does not make any reference to or attempt to modify any global state (i.e. it is a pure function).

If the value of only some of the arguments are known, the compiler may still be able to perform some level of compile-time function execution (partial evaluation), possibly producing more optimized code than if no arguments were known.

Pure function
In computer programming, a pure function is a function that has the following properties:

the function return values are identical for identical arguments (no variation with local static variables, non-local variables, mutable reference arguments or input streams, i.e., referential transparency), and

the function has no side effects (no mutation of non-local variables, mutable reference arguments or input/output streams).
Sâmbăta de Sus Monastery
Sâmbăta de Sus Monastery (Romanian: Mănăstirea Sâmbăta de Sus) is a Romanian Orthodox monastery in Sâmbăta de Sus, in the Brașov County of Transylvania, Romania. Dedicated to the Dormition of the Mother of God, it is also known as the Brâncoveanu Monastery (Mănăstirea Brâncoveanu).

Sâmbăta de Sus
Sâmbăta de Sus (German: Obermühlendorf; Hungarian: Felsőszombatfalva) is a commune in Brașov County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Sâmbăta de Sus and Stațiunea Climaterică Sâmbăta (Felsőszombatfalvi üdülőtelep). Formerly part of Voila commune, these villages were split off to form a separate commune in 2003.
Begijnhof Chapel, Amsterdam
The Begijnhof Chapel, dedicated to Saint John and Saint Ursula, is a Roman Catholic chapel run by the Congregation of the Blessed Sacrament, in the St Nicholas Parish of Amsterdam. It is located in a former schuilkerk in the Begijnhof across from its original location, the English Reformed Church, Amsterdam. The Miracle of Amsterdam is commemorated yearly with a procession starting from this church.

Begijnhof, Amsterdam
The Begijnhof is one of the oldest hofjes in Amsterdam, Netherlands. A group of historic buildings, mostly private dwellings, centre on it. As the name suggests, it was originally a béguinage. Today it is also the site of two churches, the Catholic Miracle Church and the English Reformed Church.
Yucatán Siglo XXI Convention Centre
21°2′0.38″N 89°37′46.39″W﻿ / ﻿21.0334389°N 89.6295528°W﻿ / 21.0334389; -89.6295528

Yucatán Siglo XXI (Spanish for "21st century") is a convention centre located in northern Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico. Halls in Siglo XXI have names referring to Maya heritage sites in the region such as "Salón Chichén Itzá", "Salón Uxmal", and "Salón Ek Balam".  All of the halls except for Salon Chichen Itza have chandeliers.  Salon Chichen Itza, however, is the largest room in the complex with 80,297 square feet of space and can seat up to 12,000 for concerts, ice shows, sporting events including basketball, hockey, etc.

Convention center
A convention center (American English; or conference centre in British English) is a large building that is designed to hold a convention, where individuals and groups gather to promote and share common interests. Convention centers typically offer sufficient floor area to accommodate several thousand attendees. Very large venues, suitable for major trade shows, are sometimes known as exhibition halls. Convention centers typically have at least one auditorium and may also contain concert halls, lecture halls, meeting rooms, and conference rooms. Some large resort area hotels include a convention center.

In Francophone countries, the term is palais des congrès (such as the Palais des Congrès de Paris) or centre des congrès (such as the Centre des congrès de Quebec).
The ABCs of Death
The ABCs of Death is a 2012 American comedy horror anthology film produced by international producers and directed by filmmakers from around the world. The film contains 26 shorts, each by different directors spanning fifteen countries, including Nacho Vigalondo, Kaare Andrews, Adam Wingard, Simon Barrett, Banjong Pisanthanakun, Ben Wheatley, Lee Hardcastle, Noboru Iguchi, Ti West, and Angela Bettis.

It premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival in 2012. In 2013, it was released on VOD January 31 and in theaters March 8. The end credits of the film feature Australian band Skyhooks' 1974 song "Horror Movie". The film's financial success launched the titular film series, including a second film in 2014, and a spin-off film in 2016.

Adam Wingard
Adam Wingard (/ˈwɪŋɡɑːrd/ WING-gard; born December 3, 1982) is an American filmmaker. He has served as a film director, producer, screenwriter, editor, cinematographer, actor, and composer on numerous American films.

Following an early career as a member of the mumblecore movement, he became notable for his works in the horror and action genres, especially the films You're Next (2011), and The Guest (2014), and the bigger-budget franchise films Blair Witch (2016), Death Note (2017), Godzilla vs. Kong (2021), and its sequel Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire (2024).
Soft palate
The soft palate (also known as the velum, palatal velum, or muscular palate) is, in mammals, the soft tissue constituting the back of the roof of the mouth.  The soft palate is part of the palate of the mouth; the other part is the hard palate. The soft palate is distinguished from the hard palate at the front of the mouth in that it does not contain bone.

Mouth
A mouth, also referred to as the oral, is the body orifice through which many animals ingest food and vocalize. The body cavity immediately behind the mouth opening, known as the oral cavity (or cavum oris in Latin), is also the first part of the alimentary canal, which leads to the pharynx and the gullet. In tetrapod vertebrates, the mouth is bounded on the outside by the lips and cheeks — thus the oral cavity is also known as the buccal cavity (from Latin bucca, meaning "cheek") — and contains the tongue on the inside. Except for some groups like birds and lissamphibians, vertebrates usually have teeth in their mouths, although some fish species have pharyngeal teeth instead of oral teeth.

Most bilaterian phyla, including arthropods, molluscs and chordates, have a two-opening gut tube with a mouth at one end and an anus at the other. Which end forms first in ontogeny is a criterion used to classify bilaterian animals into protostomes and deuterostomes.
West Kirby
West Kirby (/wɛst ˈkɜːrbi/) is a coastal town in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, Merseyside, England. In the north west of the Wirral Peninsula and at the mouth of the River Dee, the town is contiguous with Hoylake. It lies within the historic county boundaries of Cheshire, and became part of Merseyside in 1974. The built up area had a population of 13,380 at the 2021 census.

River Dee, Wales
The River Dee (Welsh: Afon Dyfrdwy, Latin: Deva Fluvius) flows through North Wales and Cheshire, England. The majority of the river is located in Wales, with the stretch between Aldford and Saltney within England and two other sections forming the border between the two countries. The length of the section from Bala to Chester is 113 km (70 miles).

The river rises on Dduallt in Snowdonia and flows east through Llyn Tegid (Bala Lake), Corwen, and Llangollen. It turns north near Overton-on-Dee and forms part of the England–Wales border before fully entering England near Aldford, north-east of Wrexham. It flows through Chester then re-enters Wales near Saltney; the final section is canalised and discharges to the Irish Sea via an estuary 23 km (14 miles) long.
St. Simeon and St. Anne's Cathedral, Jelgava
The Cathedral of Sts Simeon and Anne (Latvian: Jelgavas Sv. Simeona un Sv. Annas pareizticīgo katedrāle, Russian: Собор Симеона и Анны), located at 12 Akadēmijas Street in Jelgava, is a cathedral of the Latvian Orthodox Church, one of four Orthodox cathedrals in Latvia.

Jelgava
Jelgava (pronounced [ˈjælˠɡɐvˠɐ] ⓘ) is a state city in central Latvia. It is located about 41 kilometres (25 miles) southwest of Riga. It is the largest town in the Semigallia region of Latvia. Jelgava was the capital of the united Duchy of Courland and Semigallia (1578–1795) and was the administrative center of the Courland Governorate (1795–1918).

Jelgava is situated on a fertile plain rising only 3.5 metres (11.5 feet) above mean sea level on the right bank of the river Lielupe. At high water, the plain and sometimes the town as well can be flooded. It is a railway center, and is also a host to the Jelgava Air Base. Its importance as a railway centre can be seen by the fact that it lies at the junction of over 6 railway lines connecting Riga to Lithuania, eastern and western Latvia, and Lithuania to the Baltic Sea.
Affine vector field
An affine vector field (sometimes affine collineation or affine) is a projective vector field preserving geodesics and preserving the affine parameter. Mathematically, this is expressed by the following condition:

Projective vector field
A projective vector field (projective) is a smooth vector field on a semi Riemannian manifold (p.ex. spacetime)  whose flow preserves the geodesic structure of  without necessarily preserving the affine parameter of any geodesic.  More intuitively, the flow of the projective maps geodesics smoothly into geodesics without preserving the affine parameter.