hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Friedrich von Arensdorff
Friedrich von Arenstorff (Danish: Frederik von Arenstorff) (1626 – 1689) was a German born officer in Swedish and Danish military service. He played a crucial role in the Battle of Lund and was commander-in-chief of the Danish army between February and August 1678 and again in 1688-1689. He also played an important role in the Griffenfeld scandal in 1676.

Battle of Lund
The Battle of Lund, part of the Scanian War, was fought on December 4, 1676, in an area north of the city of Lund in Scania in southern Sweden, between the invading Danish army and the army of Charles XI of Sweden. The Danish had an army of about 13,000 under the personal command of 31-year-old King Christian V of Denmark, aided by General Carl von Arensdorff. The victorious Swedish army, which numbered about 8,000, was commanded by Field Marshal Simon Grundel-Helmfelt and the 21-year-old Swedish king Charles XI. It is one of the bloodiest battles in percent of casualties on both sides ever fought in Scandinavia.
Kepler Cascades
Kepler Cascades is a waterfall on the Firehole River in southwestern Yellowstone National Park in the United States. The cascades are located approximately 2.5 miles south of Old Faithful. The cascades drop approximately 150 feet over multiple drops. The longest drop is 50 feet. The cascades are located very near to and visible from the Old Faithful to West Thumb road.

Firehole River
The Firehole River is located in northwestern Wyoming, and is one of the two major tributaries of the Madison River. It flows north approximately 21 miles (34 km) from its source in Madison Lake on the Continental Divide to join the Gibbon River at Madison Junction in Yellowstone National Park. It is part of the Missouri River system.
Raliang Assembly constituency
Raliang is one of the 60 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Meghalaya state in India. It is part of West Jaintia Hills district and is reserved for candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes. It falls under Shillong Lok Sabha constituency and its current MLA is Comingone Ymbon of National People's Party.

Comingone Ymbon
Comingone Ymbon is an Indian politician from Meghalaya. He has been elected in Meghalaya Legislative Assembly election in 2018 from Raliang constituency as candidate of National People's Party. He was Minister of Fisheries, General Administration in Conrad Sangma ministry from 2018.
NCAA Division III men's golf championship
The NCAA Division III Men's Golf Championships is the annual golf tournament, typically played in mid-May, to determine the team and individual national champions of men's collegiate golf in the United States. It has been played annually since 1975, when it split-away from the NCAA College Division Men's Golf Championships when the NCAA split into its current three-division structure.

It is a stroke play team competition, but there is also an award for the lowest scoring individual competitor.

Methodist is the most successful program, with 15 national titles and are the reigning national champions.

Methodist Monarchs
The Methodist Monarchs are the athletic teams that represent Methodist University, located in Fayetteville, North Carolina, in NCAA Division III intercollegiate sports.

The Monarchs compete as members of the USA South Athletic Conference (USA South) for all sports.
The Maids (film)
The Maids (French: Les Bonnes) is a 1975 British film that was directed by Christopher Miles. It is based on the play of the same title by the French dramatist Jean Genet. The film stars Glenda Jackson as Solange, Susannah York as Claire, Vivien Merchant as Madame, and Mark Burns as Monsieur. The film was produced by Ely Landau for the American Film Theatre, which presented thirteen film adaptations of plays in the United States from 1973 to 1975.

Jean Genet
Jean Genet (/ʒəˈneɪ/; French: [ʒɑ̃ ʒənɛ]; (1910-12-19)19 December 1910 – (1986-04-15)15 April 1986) was a French novelist, playwright, poet, essayist, and political activist. In his early life he was a vagabond and petty criminal, but he later became a writer and playwright. His major works include the novels The Thief's Journal and Our Lady of the Flowers and the plays The Balcony, The Maids and The Screens.
Ai Hua
Ai Hua is the stage name of Charlotte MacInnis (Michigan; born 1981), an American TV personality in China, also known by the Chinese name Mu Aihua (Chinese: 穆爱华; pinyin: Mù Àihuá; lit. 'Mu Love China').

Since the age of 10, she has studied and participated in various events of the Chinese culture that have led her into various roles throughout Chinese media. Her most recent work has been with China Central Television as the host of Growing Up with Chinese.

China Central Television
China Central Television (CCTV) is the national television broadcaster of the People's Republic of China. Established in 1958 as Peking Television, it was renamed as CCTV in 1978 and became a key player in the Chinese government's propaganda network. It is operated by China Media Group, supervised by National Radio and Television Administration, and led by the Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party. Freedom House and The Guardian commented that CCTV's reporting about topics sensitive to the Chinese government and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) is distorted and often used as a weapon against the party's perceived enemies.
Brockman 4 mine
The Brockman 4 mine is an iron ore mine located in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, 60 km (37 mi) north-west of Tom Price. The mine, located near the existing Brockman mine, was opened in 2010. The mine is fully owned and operated by Rio Tinto Iron Ore, which owns many mines in the area. The mine is serviced by the Boolgeeda Airport.

In May 2020, Rio Tinto achieved notoriety for its blasting of archaeologically highly significant and also culturally sensitive Australian Aboriginal sacred sites in Juukan Gorge in order to expand Brockman 4. A government inquiry was established to investigate the incident on 11 June 2020.

The Hamersley Range, where the mine is located, is, with 80% of all identified iron ore reserves in Australia, one of the major iron ore provinces in the world.

Pilbara
The Pilbara (/ˈpɪlbərə/) is a large, dry, sparsely populated region in the north of Western Australia. It is known for its Aboriginal people, its geography, its red earth, and its vast mineral deposits, in particular iron ore. It is also a global biodiversity hotspot for subterranean fauna.
Xi'an–Yan'an railway
The Xi'an–Yan'an railway or Xiyan railway (simplified Chinese: 西延铁路; traditional Chinese: 西延鐵路; pinyin: xīyán tiělù), is a railroad in Shaanxi Province of China between Xi'an, the provincial capital, and Yan'an.  The line is 334 km (208 mi) long and was built in 1997 and partially double-tracked in 2007. Major cities and counties along route include Xi'an, Ganquan, Fu County, Huangling, Yijun, Baishui County, Pucheng County and Yan'an.

The line will be paralleled by the Xi'an–Yan'an high-speed railway.

Fu County
Fu County or Fuxian (simplified Chinese: 富县; traditional Chinese: 富縣; pinyin: Fù Xiàn) is a county in the south of Yan'an City, Shaanxi Province, China. The county has an area of 4,179.9 square kilometres (1,613.9 sq mi), and a permanent population of 150,500 as of 2012.
Penn Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania
Penn Township is a township in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,078 at the 2020 census. The township includes the village of Hesston and the Seven Points Marina of Raystown Lake.

Hesston, Pennsylvania
Hesston is an unincorporated community in Penn Township in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, United States. Also located in Hesston is Raystown Lake. Hesston is the home of the Hesston Speedway. The community was originally called Pleasant Grove and Grafton.
STS-65
STS-65 was a Space Shuttle program mission of Columbia launched from Kennedy Space Center, Florida, 8 July 1994. The flight carried a crew of 7 and was commanded by Robert D. Cabana who would go on later to lead the Kennedy Space Center. STS-65 was an international science mission that carried the International Microgravity Laboratory (IML-2) on a 15-day mission which featured the first animals (Japanese rice fish) to conceive and bear offspring in space. Columbia returned to the Kennedy Space Center on 23 July 1994.

Robert D. Cabana
Robert Donald Cabana (born January 23, 1949) is a former Associate Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(NASA) and retired NASA astronaut, having flown on four Space Shuttle flights. He served as Chief of the Astronaut Office from 1994 to 1997 and as director of the John F. Kennedy Space Center from 2008 to 2021. He is also a former naval flight officer and naval aviator in the United States Marine Corps.
Akinyinka Omigbodun
Akinyinka Omigbodun is a Nigerian professor of gynecology and obstetrics and a former provost of the College of Medicine, University of Ibadan. He once served as president of the West African College of Surgeons and chair of the management board of the Consortium for Advanced Research Training in Africa (CARTA).

His research interest is in the area of gynecologic oncology. He is a member of the governing council, Osun State University, appointed in 2012 by Ogbeni Rauf Aregbesola, the past executive governor (between 2010 and 2018) of Osun State. He was a keynote speaker at a media roundtable held in Lagos, where he also presented his report on the Needs Assessment Survey for Ekiti and Nasarawa State. The survey aimed to assist in developing plans to address social development and reproductive health issues of Nigerian youths.

West African College of Surgeons
The West African College of Surgeons is a professional organization that promotes education, training, examinations and research in surgery in Africa. The college is the first organization to organize surgical subspecialty training in the region. It awards diploma of fellowship in surgery and is one of two bodies that accredits institutions to train surgical residents in member countries.
Lebanon School District
Lebanon School District is an urban public school district in Lebanon, Lebanon County, Pennsylvania. One of the oldest school districts in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, it encompasses approximately five square miles (1300 hectares).

According to 2020 local census data, it serves a resident population of 26,819.

Lebanon, Pennsylvania
Lebanon (/ˈlɛbənən/ LEB-ən-ən; Pennsylvania German: Lebnen [ˈlɛbnən]) is a city in and the county seat of Lebanon County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 26,814 at the 2020 census.

Lebanon was founded by George Steitz in 1740 and was originally named Steitztown.

Lebanon is located 61 miles (98 km) southwest of Allentown, 26 miles (42 km) east of Harrisburg, and 88 miles (142 km) northwest of Philadelphia.
Main chain of the Alps
The main chain of the Alps, also called the Alpine divide is the central line of mountains that forms the drainage divide of the range.  Main chains of mountain ranges are traditionally designated in this way, and generally include the highest peaks of a range. The Alps are something of an unusual case in that several significant groups of mountains are separated from the main chain by sizable distances.  Among these groups are the Dauphiné Alps, the Eastern and Western Graians, the entire Bernese Alps, the Tödi, Albula and Silvretta groups, the Ortler and Adamello ranges, and the Dolomites of Veneto and South Tyrol, as well as the lower Alps of Vorarlberg, Bavaria, and Salzburg.

European watershed
The main European watershed is the drainage divide ("watershed") which separates the basins of the rivers that empty into the Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea and the Baltic Sea from those that feed the Mediterranean Sea, the Adriatic Sea and the Black Sea. It stretches from the tip of the Iberian Peninsula at Gibraltar in the southwest to the endorheic basin of the Caspian Sea in Russia in the northeast.
James Addison Jones
James Addison Jones, (20 August 1869 − 25 May 1950), was an American businessman and philanthropist. He was the founder of J.A. Jones Construction and supported many organizations such as the Methodist Church, the city of Charlotte, North Carolina, and surrounding areas, regional hospitals and several other companies. He was the benefactor and namesake for the James Addison Jones Library at Greensboro College, and the J.A. Jones Library at Brevard College.  His company also contributed to the building of the Liberty fleet during World War II. Jones was married four times in his lifetime and had fifteen children.

J.A. Jones Construction
J.A. Jones Construction was a heavy construction company headquartered in Charlotte, North Carolina. Operating internationally since the 1950s, it merged with Germany's Philipp Holzmann AG in 1979. In 2003, the company ceased operations due to the failure of its parent company.
Nathaniel Winsor Jr. House
The Nathaniel Winsor Jr. House is a historic house located at 479 Washington Street Duxbury, Massachusetts, United States. It currently serves as the headquarters of the Duxbury Rural and Historical Society.

The house is a contributing property in Duxbury's Old Shipbuilder's Historic District listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Duxbury Rural and Historical Society
The Duxbury Rural and Historical Society (DRHS) is a non-profit organization in Duxbury, Massachusetts founded in 1883. Its mission is to "preserve and promote the heritage and rural character of the town of Duxbury and its environs." The DRHS owns several historic buildings, operates a library and archives, and maintains approximately 140 acres of conservation land in Duxbury.
Fadel Benyaich
Fadel Benyaich or Benaich (Arabic: فاضل بن يعيش; born 1963 in Rabat, Morocco) is a senior member of the royal cabinet of King Mohammed VI, reportedly in charge of relations with Spain. He studied at the Collège Royal with Mohammed VI.

Royal College (Rabat)
34°0′4.86″N 6°50′30.21″W﻿ / ﻿34.0013500°N 6.8417250°W﻿ / 34.0013500; -6.8417250

The Royal College (Arabic: المدرسة المولوية al-madrasa al-mawlawiya, French: Collège royal) is an educational establishment located inside the royal palace in Rabat. Since its foundation in 1942, during the French Protectorate, it has specialised in educating princes and princesses of the Alaouite dynasty. Its director is Abdeljalil Lahjomri.
Relative cycle
In algebraic geometry, a relative cycle is a type of algebraic cycle on a scheme. In particular, let  be a scheme of finite type over a Noetherian scheme , so that . Then a relative cycle is a cycle on  which lies over the generic points of , such that the cycle has a well-defined specialization to any fiber of the projection .(Voevodsky & Suslin 2000)

The notion was introduced by Andrei Suslin and Vladimir Voevodsky in 2000; the authors were motivated to overcome some of the deficiencies of sheaves with transfers.

Presheaf with transfers
In algebraic geometry, a presheaf with transfers is, roughly, a presheaf that, like cohomology theory, comes with pushforwards, “transfer” maps. Precisely, it is, by definition, a contravariant additive functor from the category of finite correspondences (defined below) to the category of abelian groups (in category theory, “presheaf” is another term for a contravariant functor).

When a presheaf F with transfers is restricted to the subcategory of smooth separated schemes, it can be viewed as a presheaf on the category with extra maps , not coming from morphisms of schemes but also from finite correspondences from X to Y

A presheaf F with transfers is said to be -homotopy invariant if  for every X.

For example, Chow groups as well as motivic cohomology groups form presheaves with transfers.
Henrik Selberg
Henrik Selberg (17 February 1906 – 3 September 1993) was a Norwegian mathematician. He was born in Bergen as the son of Ole Michael Ludvigsen Selberg and Anna Kristina Brigtsdatter Skeie. He was a brother of Sigmund, Arne and Atle Selberg. He was appointed professor at the University of Oslo from 1962 to 1973. He is best known for his works on complex functions and potential theory.

Atle Selberg
Atle Selberg (14 June 1917 – 6 August 2007) was a Norwegian mathematician known for his work in analytic number theory and the theory of automorphic forms, and in particular for bringing them into relation with spectral theory. He was awarded the Fields Medal in 1950 and an honorary Abel Prize in 2002.
Rancho El Alisal
Rancho El Alisal was a 8,912-acre (36.07 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day Monterey County, California, given in 1833 by Governor José Figueroa to the brothers Feliciano and Mariano Soberanes and to William Edward Petty Hartnell.   Alisal means Alder tree (sycamore) in Spanish. The land is approximately four miles (six kilometers) southeast of present-day Salinas.

William Edward Petty Hartnell
William Edward Petty Hartnell (April 24, 1798 – February 2, 1854), later known by his Spanish name Don Guillermo Arnel, was a merchant, schoolmaster, and government official in California. He arrived in California in 1822 as a trader, where he married into the prominent Guerra family of California and became a Mexican citizen. He held several public roles during the Mexican era and after the American Conquest of California, notably serving as the official translator at the Monterey Constitutional Convention.
The Wreck (1913 film)
The Wreck is an Australian film directed by W. J. Lincoln based on a poem by Adam Lindsay Gordon about the ride to help by a farmhand who has witnessed a shipwreck. It is considered a lost film.

The movie was made in 1913 by Lincoln Cass in Melbourne. However it was not released until 1915 in Sydney. W. J. Lincoln later made a film of Gordon's life, The Life's Romance of Adam Lindsay Gordon (1916).

The film screened in Cairns in 1916.

Adam Lindsay Gordon
Adam Lindsay Gordon (19 October 1833 – 24 June 1870) was a British-Australian poet, horseman, police officer and politician. He was the first Australian poet to gain considerable recognition overseas, and according to his contemporary, writer Marcus Clarke, Gordon's work represented "the beginnings of a national school of Australian poetry".
Krobica
Krobica [krɔˈbit͡sa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Mirsk, within Lwówek Śląski County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, close to the Czech border.

There is an underground tourist route in the former tin and cobalt mine.

A trade route connecting Jelenia Góra with Frýdlant and Zittau passed through the village in the late medieval and early modern periods.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
Polytrichaceae
Polytrichaceae is a common family of mosses. Members of this family tend to be larger than other mosses, with the larger species occurring in particularly moist habitats. The leaves have specialized sheaths at the base and a midrib that bears photosynthetic lamellae on the upper surface. These mosses are capable of sustaining high rates of photosynthesis in the presence of ample light and moisture. Unlike all other mosses, the hydroid-based vascular system of these mosses is continuous from stem to leaf and can extract water from the soil through transpiration. Species in this group are dioicous, though some are monoicous. In most species, the sporophytes are relatively large, the setae are rigid, and the calyptrae are hairy. Most species have nematodontous peristomes with 32–64 teeth in their sporangium; some early-diverging genera instead have a stopper mechanism, which consists of the apical section of the columella, that seals the mouth of the capsule shut prior to dehiscence.

Peristome
Peristome (from the Greek peri, meaning 'around' or 'about', and stoma, 'mouth') is an anatomical feature that surrounds an opening to an organ or structure. Some plants, fungi, and shelled gastropods have peristomes.
American University (Nicaragua)
The American University (Spanish: Universidad Americana (UAM)) is a private university located in Managua, Nicaragua. It was founded in 1992 and offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in a variety of professional fields including law, medicine, business, and engineering. While most degree programs include English language requirements, Spanish is the language of instruction for all courses except those offered by UAM College. The university website cites that more than 5,000 students have graduated from UAM since its founding.

Managua
Managua (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈnaɣwa]) is the capital and largest city of Nicaragua, and one of the largest cities in Central America. Located on the shores of Lake Managua, the city had an estimated population of 1,055,247 as of 2020, and a population of 1,401,687 in its metropolitan area. The city also serves as the seat of Managua Department.

Founded in 1819, Managua became the national capital in 1852. The city underwent a rapid expansion and urbanization between 1842 and 1930, leading it to become one of the most developed cities in Central America. Several earthquakes have affected the city's growth, especially the 1931 earthquake and the 1972 earthquake, but the city has been rebuilt several times. Today, the city is a major economic hub for both the country and Central America.
Burlington, Texas
Burlington is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Milam County, Texas, United States. It was first listed as a CDP in the 2020 census, with a population of 81. Burlington has a post office, with the postal ("ZIP") code 76519.

Milam County, Texas
Milam County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 24,754. The county seat is Cameron. The county was created in 1834 as a municipality in Mexico and organized as a county in 1837. Milam County is named for Benjamin Rush Milam, an early settler and a soldier in the Texas Revolution.
Żakowice, Łódź East County
Żakowice [ʐakɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Koluszki, within Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south-east of Koluszki and 25 km (16 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Koluszki
Gmina Koluszki is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Koluszki, which lies approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) east of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 157.18 square kilometres (60.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 22,985 (out of which the population of Koluszki amounts to 13,407, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,578).
The Good Humor Man (1950 film)
The Good Humor Man is a 1950 American slapstick action comedy film directed by Lloyd Bacon and written by Frank Tashlin. The plot concerns a Good Humor ice cream salesman who becomes involved in a murder. The film stars Jack Carson, Lola Albright, Jean Wallace, George Reeves, Peter Miles and Frank Ferguson. It was released on June 1, 1950, by Columbia Pictures.

Producer S. Sylvan Simon, writer Frank Tashlin and cinematographer Lester White had been involved with the production of The Fuller Brush Man (1948), another Columbia Pictures slapstick comedy with a brand name in its title.

S. Sylvan Simon
S. Sylvan Simon (March 9, 1910 – May 17, 1951) was an American stage/film director and producer. He directed numerous Hollywood films in the late 1930s to 1940s, and was the producer of Born Yesterday (1950).