hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Young Medardus
Young Medardus (German: Der junge Medardus) is a 1923 Austrian silent historical drama film directed by Michael Curtiz and starring Victor Varconi, Egon von Jordan and Agnes Esterhazy. Based on a play with the same name by Arthur Schnitzler, it is set during the 1809 French occupation of Vienna during the Napoleonic Wars.

It was shot at the Schönbrunn Studios in Vienna and on location in the city. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Artur Berger and Julius von Borsody.

Artur Berger
Artur Semyonovich Berger (German: Arthur Berger, Russian: Артур Семёнович Бергер; 27 May 1892 – 11 January 1981) was an Austrian-Soviet film architect and set designer. He was active in Austria between 1920 and 1936, during which time he worked on about 30 feature films.

In 1936 Arthur Berger emigrated to the Soviet Union, where he continued to work on films until the early 1970s.
Isaiah Oggins
Isaiah Oggins (also known as Ysai or Cy) (July 22, 1898 – 1947) was an American-born communist and spy for the Soviet secret police. After working in Europe and the Far East, Oggins was arrested, served eight years in the Gulag detention system, and was summarily executed on the orders of Joseph Stalin.

Sidney Hook
Sidney Hook (December 20, 1902 – July 12, 1989) was an American philosopher of pragmatism known for his contributions to the philosophy of history, the philosophy of education, political theory, and ethics. After embracing communism in his youth, Hook was later known for his criticisms of totalitarianism, both fascism and Marxism–Leninism. A social democrat, Hook sometimes cooperated with conservatives, particularly in opposing Marxism–Leninism. After World War II, he argued that members of such groups as the Communist Party USA and Leninists like democratic centralists could ethically be barred from holding the offices of public trust because they called for the violent overthrow of democratic governments.
Negative option billing
Negative option billing is a business practice in which customers are given goods or services that were not previously ordered, and must either continue to pay for the service or specifically decline it in advance of billing.

This is, for example, the model on which mail order services, such as Columbia House, and other book clubs are structured.

Book sales club
A book sales club is a subscription-based method of selling and purchasing books. It is more often called simply a book club, a term that is also used to describe a book discussion club, which can cause confusion.
Cuckoo, Virginia
Cuckoo is a small unincorporated community in Louisa County, Virginia, United States. It is located about eight miles southeast of Louisa, roughly between Charlottesville and Richmond. The Cuckoo Tavern stood nearby, which in 1781 was the beginning of Jack Jouett's ride to warn the Colonists of the arrival of Banastre Tarleton's British cavalry (similar to Paul Revere's Ride). There was also a large house named Cuckoo built in 1819 for Henry Pendleton on the former property of William Overton Callis. A historical marker is at the spot. Its post office  has been closed.

The tavern was named for the cuckoo clock on the wall, supposedly one of the first in Virginia.

Shirley Ann Jackson, American nuclear physicist and President of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, has familial ties to Cuckoo.

Jack Jouett
Jack Jouett Jr. (December 7, 1754 – March 1, 1822) was an American farmer and politician in Virginia and Kentucky best known for his 40-mile (60 km) ride during the American Revolution in 1781. Sometimes called the "Paul Revere of the South", Jouett rode to warn Thomas Jefferson, then the outgoing governor of Virginia (and the Virginia legislature who had fled the new state's capitol before electing his successor) that British cavalry had been sent to capture them.

After the war, Jouett moved across the Appalachian Mountains to what was then called Kentucky County. He thrice served in the Virginia House of Delegates, first representing Lincoln County and later Mercer County before Kentucky's statehood (which occurred in 1792). Jouett also represented Mercer County at the Danville Separation Convention in 1788. He later served three terms in the Kentucky House of Representatives, first representing Mercer County, then adjoining Woodford County.
Erith railway station
Erith station serves Erith in the London Borough of Bexley, southeast London. It is 14 miles 18 chains (22.9 km) measured from London Charing Cross.

The station stands between Belvedere and Slade Green on the North Kent line and is served by Greenwich line trains running from the station westbound generally to Cannon Street via London Bridge and eastbound to Dartford or to Central London via the Dartford loop and Sidcup.

The station buildings date from the opening of the line in 1849.

London Borough of Bexley
The London Borough of Bexley (/ˈbɛksli/ ⓘ) is a London borough in south-east London, forming part of Outer London. It has a population of 248,287. The main settlements are Sidcup, Erith, Bexleyheath, Belvedere, Crayford, Welling and Old Bexley. The London Borough of Bexley is within the Thames Gateway, an area designated as a national priority for urban regeneration. The local authority is Bexley London Borough Council.
The Ambition of Oda Nobuna
The Ambition of Oda Nobuna (織田信奈の野望; Oda Nobuna no Yabō) is a Japanese light novel series written by Mikage Kasuga and illustrated by Miyama-Zero. It was adapted into an anime television series animated by Madhouse and Studio Gokumi that aired from July to September 2012. Sentai Filmworks has licensed the series released it with an English dub in December 2014.

Tiffany Grant
Tiffany Lynn Grant (born October 11, 1968) is an American voice actress and script writer who is known for her English-dubbing work for anime films and television series as Neon Genesis Evangelion, in which she voiced the character Asuka Langley Soryu.
Tumanyan Park
Tumanyan Park (Armenian: Թումանյան Այգի) is a public park in the Ajapnyak district of Yerevan, Armenia. It is located on Halabyan Street in the gorge of Hrazdan River, between the Great Bridge of Hrazdan and the Tumo Center for Creative Technologies. It was opened in 1970 and occupies an area of 7 hectares on the right bank of Hrazdan River. It was opened and named after the writer and poet Hovhannes Tumanyan on the 100th anniversary of his birth.

In 1973, the statues of the two main characters of Tumanyan's Anoush opera; Anoush and Saro were erected in the park.

In 1986, another statue of Tumanyan's fictional character Loretsi Sako was erected in the park.

Tumanyan Park is among the attractive playgrounds for the children of Yerevan.

Great Bridge of Hrazdan
The Great Bridge of Hrazdan (Armenian: Հրազդանի Մեծ կամուրջ), more commonly known as Kievian Bridge (Armenian: Կիևյան կամուրջ), is an arch bridge for traffic linking across the Hrazdan River in Yerevan, Armenia. It connects the Kievian street of Arabkir district with the Leningradian street of Ajapnyak District. It was designed by architect Grigor Aghababyan and constructed between 1949 and 1956.

The Karen Demirchyan Complex and the Tumanyan Park are located around the bridge.
Themistocles (play)
Themistocles, the Lover of His Country is a 1729 tragedy by the Irish writer Samuel Madden. It is based on the life of the Ancient Greek general Themistocles.

The original Lincoln's Inn Fields cast included James Quin as Themistocles, Thomas Walker as Xerxes I, Thomas Chapman as Artaban, William Milward as Mardonius, Lacy Ryan as Aristides, John Ogden as Demaratus, Anne Berriman as Artemisia and Elizabeth Buchanan as Nesiptolema.

Thomas Chapman (actor)
Thomas Chapman (1683-1747) was a British stage actor.

A long-standing member of John Rich's Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre company, he was popular for his comedy roles. Although he also played in tragic plays, his reception for them were less acclaimed.
German submarine U-282
German submarine U-282 was a type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine in World War II. She was built at the Bremer-Vegesacker yard in Bremen. She was laid down on 2 June 1942, launched on 3 February 1943 and commissioned on 13 March 1943 with Oberleutnant zur See Rudolf Müller in command.

The boat and crew commenced training with the 8th U-boat flotilla, moving on to the 9th flotilla for operations. The boat was sunk on its first war patrol by attacks from the destroyer HMS Vidette and the corvette HMS Sunflower on 29 October 1943 in mid-Atlantic.

HMS Vidette (D48)
HMS Vidette (D48) was an Admiralty V-class destroyer of the  Royal Navy. Built at the end of the First World War, she served in the final months of that conflict, and saw extensive service in the inter war years and in World War II. She was an effective convoy escort and U-boat killer, being credited with the destruction of five U-boats during the Battle of the Atlantic.
HMS Vidette transported Spike Island Republican Prisoners to Bere Island Internment Camp in 1921. *Refer Spike Island’s Republican Prisoners, 1921 by Tom O’Neill MA.
Sikorsky S-37
The Sikorsky S-37 was an American twin-engine aircraft built by the Sikorsky Manufacturing Corporation. Both examples of the series were completed in 1927. The S-37 was specifically designed to compete for the Orteig Prize and would be the last land based fixed-wing aircraft Sikorsky would produce.

Sikorsky Aircraft
Sikorsky Aircraft is an American aircraft manufacturer based in Stratford, Connecticut. It was established by the Russian-American aviation pioneer Igor Sikorsky in 1923, and was among the first companies to manufacture helicopters for civilian and military use. It also produced seaplanes for passenger transport and surface vehicles such as trains and boats.

Sikorsky was owned by United Technologies Corporation until November 2015, when it was sold to Lockheed Martin.
Mugon... Iroppoi
"Mugon... Iroppoi" (MUGO・ん…色（いろ）っぽい; lit. "Silence is... Sexy") is a song recorded by Japanese singer Shizuka Kudo. It was released as a single by Pony Canyon on August 24, 1988. It was used in the Kanebo Cosmetics televised ad campaign of fall 1988, for which the catchphrase was "n... Iroppoi". Kudo made her first appearance on the 39th Kōhaku Uta Gassen and performed "Mugon... Iroppoi" for the Red team. The song was nominated for the Grand Prix at the 30th Japan Record Awards.

Shizuka Kudo
Shizuka Kimura (木村 静香, Kimura Shizuka, born 14 April 1970), known by her maiden name Shizuka Kudo (工藤 静香, Kudō Shizuka), is a Japanese singer, actress and former idol, born in Hamura, Tokyo, Japan. She was a member of Onyanko Club between May 1986 and September 1987 and went on to have a successful solo career with 11 number-one hits.
Summon Night X: Tears Crown
Summon Night X: Tears Crown (サモンナイトX ～ティアーズクラウン～, Samon Naito X ~ Tiāzu Kuraun ~) is a fantasy role-playing video game in the Summon Night series for the Nintendo DS. It is developed by Flight-Plan and Think & Feel and is published by Namco Bandai in Japan on November 5, 2009.

The game begins in the world of Runeheim as a decade of peace between the empire of Delteana and the kingdom of Celestia is about to end. The player has the choice to play from the viewpoint of either Phara or Dylan, both of which are heirs to the throne of the opposing kingdoms and are childhood friends caught between the impending war.

Flight-Plan
Flight-Plan Co., Ltd. was a Japanese video game developer best known for the Summon Night series of role-playing video games published by Banpresto. Founded in 1989, Flight-Plan began by developing the Black/Matrix series of tactical role-playing games, published by NEC Interchannel (later Interchannel Holon) in Japan. In January 2007, Flight-Plan began self-publishing some of its games, such as Dragon Shadow Spell and Sacred Blaze. Other clients of the company have included Sony, Nintendo, and Sega.

In August 2010, the company quietly closed its offices and ceased business, and their website was taken offline.
Sermilik Station
65°41′N 37°55′W﻿ / ﻿65.683°N 37.917°W﻿ / 65.683; -37.917

Sermilik Station is a glaciology research station on Ammassalik Island, dedicated to the research of the nearby Mittivakkat Glacier. It is run jointly by the Department of Geography and Spatial Planning at the University of Graz and the Department of Geography at the University of Copenhagen. The University of Graz is part of the Austrian Polar Research Institute (APRI), a research consortium that promotes and coordinates research and education in the field of polar sciences at the participating organisations.

University of Graz
The University of Graz (German: Universität Graz, formerly: Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz) in Graz is the largest public research university in Styria and the second oldest university in Austria. Its name is derived from Archduke Charles II of Inner Austria and Francis I of Austria. The University of Graz was founded on January 1, 1585.

The Faculty of Medicine was spun off as the Medical University of Graz on January 1, 2004, under the University Act 2002.
Aluminum Model Toys
Aluminum Model Toys (AMT) is an American brand of scale model vehicles. The former manufacturing company was founded in Troy, Michigan, in 1948 by West Gallogly Sr. AMT became known for producing 1:25 scale plastic automobile dealer promotional model cars and friction motor models, and pioneered the annual 3-in-1 model kit buildable in stock, custom, or hot-rod versions. The company made a two-way deal in 1966 with Desilu Productions to produce a line of Star Trek models and to produce a 3/4 scale exterior and interior filming set of the Galileo shuttlecraft. It was also known for producing model trucks and movie and TV vehicles.

The AMT brand was bought in 1978 by the Lesney company of UK, then by competitor Ertl in 1983, then by the Round 2 company in 2012.

Gene Winfield
Roger Eugene Winfield (June 16, 1927 – March 4, 2025) was an American automotive customizer and fabricator. In the mid-1960s, his designs caught the attention of the film community, resulting in a large body of his work appearing on screen, including in the iconic 1982 film Blade Runner.
Bram Moolenaar
Bram Moolenaar (Dutch: [brɑ‿ˈmoːlənaːr]; 1961 – 3 August 2023) was a Dutch software engineer and activist who was the creator, maintainer, and benevolent dictator for life of Vim, a vi-derivative text editor. He advocated for ICCF Holland, a non-governmental organization supporting AIDS victims in Uganda, and used the popularity of Vim to encourage donations.

From July 2006 until September 2021, Moolenaar was employed by Google, working in the Zürich office on Google Calendar. He spent part of his time maintaining Vim.

Careware
Careware (also called charityware, helpware, or goodware) is software licensed in a way that benefits a charity. Some careware is distributed free, and the author suggests that some payment be made to either a nominated charity, or a charity of the user's choice. Commercial careware, on the other hand, includes a levy for charity on top of the distribution charge. Careware can also involve a barter of some kind, or even a pledge to be kind to strangers.
WDML
WDML (106.9 FM, "Adult Rock & Roll") is a radio station broadcasting a classic rock format. Licensed to Woodlawn, Illinois, United States, and broadcasting in the Mount Vernon area, the station is owned by Dana Withers' Withers Broadcasting, through licensee WDML, LLC. The station is an affiliate of the syndicated Sammy Hagar program Sammy Hagar's Top Rock Countdown and Pink Floyd program "Floydian Slip."

Mount Vernon, Illinois
Mount Vernon is a city in Jefferson County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. The population was 14,600 at the 2020 census. Mount Vernon is the principal city of the Mount Vernon, Illinois micropolitan area, which includes all of Jefferson and Hamilton counties.
Mount Kimbie
Mount Kimbie is an English electronic music and indie rock group consisting of Dominic Maker, Kai Campos, Andrea Balency-Béarn and Marc Pell. Mount Kimbie was formed in 2008 by Maker and Campos. The duo expanded on the musical template of the UK dubstep scene, releasing early EPs Maybes and Sketch on Glass to critical praise the following year. Their debut album Crooks & Lovers in 2010 received further acclaim and was listed as one of the defining albums of the decade by DJ Mag.

The duo signed with Warp Records in 2012, and released their second album Cold Spring Fault Less Youth the following year, third album Love What Survives in September 2017, and a double album, MK 3.5: Die Cuts | City Planning, in November 2022. Drummer Marc Pell and keyboardist Andrea Balency-Béarn joined as live members in 2016, becoming full members in 2023 ahead of the band's fourth album, The Sunset Violent. Mount Kimbie has collaborated with artists such as James Blake, King Krule, and Micachu.

Slowthai
Tyron Kaymone Frampton (born 18 December 1994), better known by his stage name Slowthai (stylised in lowercase), is a British rapper. Raised in Northampton, he rose to popularity in 2019 for his gritty and rough instrumentals and raw, politically charged lyrics.

Slowthai placed fourth in the BBC Sound of 2019 and followed up in the same year with his debut studio album, Nothing Great About Britain. The album was nominated for the Mercury Prize; at Slowthai's 2019 Mercury Prize ceremony performance, he held a fake severed head of British prime minister Boris Johnson on stage, prompting controversy. Ensuing years saw the releases of his second and third studio albums, Tyron (2021) and Ugly (2023).
Mask generation function
A mask generation function (MGF) is a cryptographic primitive similar to a cryptographic hash function except that while a hash function's output has a fixed size, a MGF supports output of a variable length. In this respect, a MGF can be viewed as a extendable-output function (XOF): it can accept input of any length and process it to produce output of any length. Mask generation functions are completely deterministic: for any given input and any desired output length the output is always the same.

Extendable-output function
Extendable-output function (XOF) is an extension of the cryptographic hash that allows its output to be arbitrarily long. In particular, the sponge construction makes any sponge hash a natural XOF: the squeeze operation can be repeated, and the regular hash functions with a fixed-size result are obtained from a sponge mechanism by stopping the squeezing phase after obtaining the fixed number of bits).

The genesis of a XOF makes it collision, preimage and second preimage resistant. Technically, any XOF can be turned into a cryptographic hash by truncating the result to a fixed length (in practice, hashes and XOFs are defined differently for domain separation). The examples of XOF include the algorithms from the Keccak family: SHAKE128, SHAKE256, and a variant with higher efficiency, KangarooTwelve.

XOFs are used as key derivation functions (KDFs), stream ciphers, mask generation functions.
Thomas Eades Walker
Thomas Eades Walker (24 February 1843 – 13 January 1899)  was a British Conservative politician.

Walker first stood for election in Wednesbury in 1868, but was unsuccessful. He was then elected MP for East Worcestershire in 1874 but did not stand for re-election at the next election in 1880.

He was born John Thomas Eades Walker - he used only the second and third of his Christian names - at Wednesbury where his father, a self-made man, built up a very large business manufacturing axles for railway rolling stock. Unfortunately both father and son lived in considerable style far beyond their incomes. Popularly known as 'Tapioca Tom', Thomas Eades Walker was well known for a few years on the Turf and owned a winner of the 1000 Guineas Stakes. Effectively hopelessly insolvent for many years he was bankrupted in 1892. He died in London in very reduced circumstances.

Wednesbury (UK Parliament constituency)
Wednesbury was a borough constituency in England's Black Country which returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1868 until it was abolished for the February 1974 general election.

Wednesbury became a parliamentary borough under the Reform Act 1867, taking territory that previously belonged to the constituency of South Staffordshire.
Indianapolis 500 traditions
Due to the longevity of the Indianapolis 500, numerous traditions surrounding the race have developed over the years. Traditions include procedures for the running of the race, scheduling, and pre-race and post-race festivities. For many fans, these traditions are an important aspect of the race, and they have often reacted quite negatively when the traditions are changed or broken.

As part of the Memorial Day holiday weekend, the pre-race ceremonies of the Indianapolis 500 feature several patriotic songs. Like most other sporting events, the national anthem is performed before the race by a notable vocalist. The most noteworthy and most popular traditions are the annual singing of the chorus of "Back Home Again in Indiana," and the victory lane bottle of milk.

Leon Sirois
Leon Duray "Jigger" Sirois (born April 16, 1935) is an American former racing driver from the small town of Shelby in northern Indiana.  He raced in a variety of racing genres, most notably midget, stock and Indy "Big" cars.  Sirois is the son of former longtime veteran Indy 500 mechanic Earl "Frenchy" Sirois, who worked on the winning cars of Lee Wallard, Sam Hanks, and Jimmy Bryan during his 40-year career. Sirois is named after driver Leon Duray. The nickname "Jigger" is in reference to family friend, two-time Indy-winning riding mechanic Jigger Johnson (1931, 1937), as well as a nickname given to him by his older sister.
2005 State of Origin series
The 2005 State of Origin series saw the 24th time that the annual three-game series between the Queensland and New South Wales representative rugby league football teams was contested entirely under 'state of origin' selection rules. The three matches drew a total attendance of 187,309 and New South Wales won the series 2–1, their third consecutive series victory, and their last until 2014.

The Wally Lewis Medal for Player of the Series was awarded to New South Wales' fullback, Anthony Minichiello. The Ron McAuliffe Medal for Queensland player of the series was awarded to Cameron Smith. The Brad Fittler Medal for New South Wales player of the series was awarded to Matt King.

Anthony Minichiello
Anthony Minichiello (born 24 May 1980) is a former professional rugby league footballer who captained the Sydney Roosters in the National Rugby League, and retired having set records for most games and most tries in the club's history. An Australia and Italy international as well as a New South Wales State of Origin representative wing turned fullback, he played his entire career with the Roosters, with whom he won the 2002 and 2013 NRL Premierships, before retiring at the conclusion of the club's 2014 campaign. Minichiello also won the Golden Boot Award for international player of the year in 2005, and is the brother of fellow Italian international, Mark Minichiello.
National Institute of Technology, Patna
National Institute of Technology Patna (NIT Patna), formerly Bihar School of Engineering and Bihar College of Engineering, is a public engineering institution located in Patna in the Indian state of Bihar. It was renamed as NIT Patna, by the Government of India on 28 January 2004. NIT Patna marked its humble beginning in 1886 with the establishment of pleaders survey training school which was subsequently promoted to Bihar College of Engineering Patna in 1924. This made this institute the 6th Oldest Engineering Institute of India. It is an autonomous institute functioning directly under Ministry of Education, Government of India.

Bihta
Bihta is a town and Block under Danapur Tehsil in Patna district in the Indian state of Bihar. Bihta is part of Maner assembly constituency under the Pataliputra Lok Sabha. It is located around 30 km (19 mi) west of Patna. Bihta is also an upcoming satellite town of Patna. The IIT Patna is around 3.5 km (2.2 mi) from Bihta railway station.