hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tan Parker
Nathaniel Willis "Tan" Parker IV (born May 22, 1971) is an American politician. A Republican, he has represented the District 12 in the Texas Senate since 2023, and is the current Texas Senate Majority Leader. He served in the Texas House of Representatives from 2007 to 2023. He was elected in 2006 to represent District 63. Parker sought the position of Texas House Speaker with the retirement of Joe Straus but withdrew his candidacy in 2018 to support the consensus choice, representative Dennis Bonnen of Angleton in Brazoria County.

2022 Texas Senate election
The 2022 Texas Senate elections were held on November 8, 2022.

Under the provisions of the Constitution of Texas, all 31 senate districts across the state of Texas were up for re-election, as the election was the first after the decennial United States Census. Numerous other federal, state, and local elections were also held on this date. The winners of this election served in the 88th Texas Legislature, with seats apportioned among the 2020 United States census. Republicans had held a majority in the Texas Senate since January 14, 1997, as a result of the 1996 elections.
Peter Spani (League of Lezhë)
Peter Spani (Albanian: Pjetër Shpani; fl. 1430–1457) was an Albanian nobleman and Venetian pronoetes in the first half of the 15th century. His family's domains included territories around Shkodër (Scutari), Drisht (Drivasto) and western Kosovo. He ruled over Shala, Shosh, Nikaj-Mërtur (Lekbibaj) and Pult; the whole region under the Ottomans took his name, Petrişpan-ili (literally, 'dominions of Pjetër Shpani'). Between 1444 and 1455, Peter was a member of the League of Lezhë and after his death, the League took his territories.

Albanian nobility
The Albanian nobility was an elite hereditary ruling class in Albania, parts of the western Balkans and later in parts of the Ottoman world. The Albanian nobility was composed of landowners of vast areas, often in allegiance to states like the Byzantine Empire, various Serbian states, the Republic of Venice, the Ottoman Empire and the Kingdom of Naples in addition to the Albanian principalities. They often used Byzantine, Latin or Slavic titles, such as sebastokrator, despot, dux, conte and župan. Notably, they also constructed religious sites, castles and had powerful courts. The Albanian principalities were usually divided in history except during the Principality of Arbanon when there was only one Albanian state ruled by one dynasty, and also during the League of Lezhë where most of the Albanian nobility and peasant communities unified under a military alliance against the Ottoman Empire.
3rd World Scout Jamboree
The 3rd World Scout Jamboree was held in 1929 at Arrowe Park in Upton, near Birkenhead, Wirral, United Kingdom. As it was commemorating the 21st birthday of Scouting for Boys and the Scouting movement, it is also known as the Coming of Age Jamboree. With about 30,000 Scouts and over 300,000 visitors attending, this jamboree was the largest jamboree so far.

Upton, Merseyside
Upton is a village in the northern part of the Wirral Peninsula, England, and is situated within 4 miles (6.4 km) of Birkenhead, 4 miles (6.4 km) of the Dee Estuary, a similar distance from the River Mersey, and 2 miles (3.2 km) from Liverpool Bay. The village is a ward of the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral in the metropolitan county of Merseyside. Upton was in the traditional county of Cheshire. At the 2011 census, the population was 16,130.

Upton was originally settled as an Anglo-Saxon farming community, and remained as a farming community until the village's rapid urbanisation and expansion from the mid-19th century. This was brought about by the development of Liverpool as a major port, with rail and road links across the Mersey estuary. The village now has a strong service economy which is based primarily around healthcare and retail, with a variety of places nearby, and within the village, to pursue sport and leisure activities.
Upjohn dihydroxylation
The Upjohn dihydroxylation is an organic reaction which converts an alkene to a cis vicinal diol.  It was developed by V. VanRheenen, R. C. Kelly and D. Y. Cha of the Upjohn Company in 1976. It is a catalytic system  using N-methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMO) as stoichiometric re-oxidant for the osmium tetroxide.  It is superior to previous catalytic methods.

Prior to this method, use of stoichiometric amounts of the toxic and expensive reagent osmium tetroxide was often necessary.  The Upjohn dihydroxylation is still often used for the formation of cis-vicinal diols; however, it can be slow and is prone to ketone byproduct formation.  One of the peculiarities of the dihydroxylation of olefins is that the standard "racemic" method (the Upjohn dihydroxylation) is slower and often lower yielding than the asymmetric method (the Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation).

Upjohn
The Upjohn Company was an American pharmaceutical manufacturing firm (est. 1886) in Hastings, Michigan, by Dr. William E. Upjohn, an 1875 graduate of the University of Michigan medical school. The company was originally formed to make friable pills, specifically designed to crush easily, and thus be easier for patients to digest. Upjohn initially marketed the pills to doctors by sending them a wooden plank along with a rival’s pill and one of Upjohn’s, with instructions to try to hammer the pills into the plank.
Paul Avenue station
Paul Avenue station was a Caltrain station located in the Bayview neighborhood of San Francisco, California. The lightly used station was closed on August 1, 2005, and the platform and shelter were removed in 2009. A replacement station to the north has been proposed.

Bayview–Hunters Point, San Francisco
Bayview–Hunters Point (sometimes spelled Bay View or Bayview) is the San Francisco, California, neighborhood combining the Bayview and Hunters Point neighborhoods in the southeastern corner of the city. The decommissioned Hunters Point Naval Shipyard is located within its boundaries and Candlestick Park, which was demolished in 2015, was on the southern edge. Due to the southeastern location, the two neighborhoods are often merged. Bayview–Hunters Point has been labeled as San Francisco's "Most Isolated Neighborhood".

Redevelopment projects for the neighborhood became the dominant issue of the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s. Efforts include the Bayview Redevelopment Plan for Area B, which includes approximately 1300 acres of existing residential, commercial and industrial lands. This plan identifies seven economic activity nodes within the area. The former Navy Shipyard waterfront property is also the target of redevelopment to include residential, commercial, and recreational areas.
1964 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1964 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 76th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The draw for the opening fixtures took place at the Cork Convention on 26 January 1964. The championship began on 19 April 1964 and ended on 11 October 1964.

University College Cork were the defending champions, however, they were defeated by St. Finbarr's at the quarter-final stage.

On 11 October 1964, Glen Rovers won the championship following a 3–12 to 2–7 defeat of St. Finbarr's in the final. This was their 20th championship title overall and their first in two championship seasons.

Patsy Harte of the Glen Rovers club was the championship's top scorer with 3–17.

Glen Rovers GAA
Glen Rovers is a Cork-based Gaelic Athletic Association club based in Blackpool, Cork, Ireland. The club was founded in 1916 and is primarily concerned with the game of hurling. They have been historically part of the Big Three of Cork hurling along with city rivals Blackrock and St Finbarr's.
Han Yoo-mi
Han Yoo-mi (Korean: 한유미; Hanja: 韓有美; born 5 February 1982) is a South Korean volleyball player. She was part of the silver medal winning team at the 2010 Asian Games.  She was also part of the South Korean team that came fourth at the 2012 Summer Olympics.  She was part of the South Korea women's national volleyball team at the 2010 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship in Japan. She played with Korea Volleyball Association.

South Korea women's national volleyball team
The South Korea women's national volleyball team (Korean: 대한민국 여자 배구 국가대표팀; recognized as Korea by FIVB) represents South Korea in international volleyball competitions and friendly matches. It was one of the leading squads in the world in the 1970s, 1990s and 2010s, having won the bronze medal at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, and placing fourth at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, Germany,  the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, Great Britain and the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.
Golden toad
The golden toad (Incilius periglenes) is an extinct species of true toad that was once abundant in a small, high-altitude region of about 4 square kilometres (1.5 mi2) in an area north of the city of Monteverde, Costa Rica. It was endemic to elfin cloud forest. Also called the Monte Verde toad, Alajuela toad and orange toad, it is commonly considered the "poster child" for the amphibian decline crisis. This toad was first described in 1966 by herpetologist Jay Savage. The last sighting of a single male golden toad was on 15 May 1989, and it has since been classified as extinct by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The golden toad was declared extinct by the IUCN Red List in 2004.

Jay M. Savage
Jay Mathers Savage (born August 1928 in Santa Monica, California) is an American herpetologist known for his research on reptiles and amphibians of Central America. He is a past president of the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists, the Society of Systematic Biologists, and the Southern California Academy of Sciences. He received his bachelor's (1950), master's (1954), and doctoral (1955) degrees from Stanford University. He has produced around 200 publications, including the books Evolution (Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1968) and The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica (University of Chicago Press, 2002). He is an emeritus professor at the University of Miami and adjunct professor at San Diego State University.

He was the first to describe, in 1966, the now-extinct Golden Toad of Monteverde, Costa Rica.
Graphite
Graphite (/ˈɡræfaɪt/) is a crystalline allotrope (form) of the element carbon. It consists of many stacked layers of graphene, typically in excess of hundreds of layers. Graphite occurs naturally and is the most stable form of carbon under standard conditions.  Synthetic and natural graphite are consumed on a large scale (1.3 million metric tons per year in 2022) for uses in many critical industries including refractories (50%), lithium-ion batteries (18%), foundries (10%), and lubricants (5%), among others (17%). Graphite converts to diamond under extremely high pressure and temperature. Graphite's low cost, thermal and chemical inertness and characteristic conductivity of heat and electricity finds numerous applications in high energy and high temperature processes.

Layered materials
In material science, layered materials are solids with highly anisotropic bonding, in which two-dimensional sheets are internally strongly bonded, but only weakly bonded to adjacent layers.  Owing to their distinctive structures, layered materials are often suitable for intercalation reactions.

One large family of layered materials are metal dichalcogenides. In such materials, the M-chalcogen bonding is strong and covalent. These materials exhibit anisotropic electronic properties such as thermal and electrical conductivity.
Children of Nuggets: Original Artyfacts from the Second Psychedelic Era, 1976–1995
Children of Nuggets: Original Artyfacts from the Second Psychedelic Era, 1976–1996 is a box set compilation album of alternative pop music, released in 2005 by Rhino Records. The set consists of four compact discs of songs recorded between 1976 and 1996, with most of the recordings stemming from the 1980s. The title refers to the original Nuggets LP, which was first issued in 1972 and whose music influenced the bands featured on Children of Nuggets.

Alec Palao
Alejandro "Alec" Palao (born 1962) is a British musician, music historian, writer, and reissue producer. In addition to his musical output with groups like the Sting-rays, the Sneetches, and Mushroom, his works include hundreds of production credits and liner notes on important compilations of vintage rock and soul from Ace Records, Rhino Records, and others, plus a wide array of music-related print and film credits. Palao is unusual in that he normally supervises each aspect of the projects he compiles, including audio transfers and restoration as well as research and liner notes. Honors include six Grammy Award nominations for historical albums and liner notes.
Regnery Publishing
Regnery Publishing is a politically conservative book publisher based in Washington, D.C. The company was founded by Henry Regnery in 1947. In December 2023, Regnery was acquired from Salem Media Group by Skyhorse Publishing, with Skyhorse president Tony Lyons becoming Regnery's publisher.

Regnery has published books by Haley Barbour, Ann Coulter, Ted Cruz, Newt Gingrich, Josh Hawley, David Horowitz, Michelle Malkin, Barbara Olson, Sarah Palin, Mike Pence, Robert Spencer, and others.

Michelle Malkin
Michelle Malkin (/ˈmɔːlkɪn/; née Maglalang; born October 20, 1970) is an American conservative political commentator. She was a Fox News contributor and in May 2020 joined Newsmax TV. Malkin has written seven books and founded the conservative commentary website Twitchy and the conservative blog Hot Air.

Around 2019, Malkin began to distance herself from conventional conservatism and instead publicly support members of the extreme right, including Nick Fuentes, as well as other white nationalists, neo-Nazis, and Groypers, including Identity Evropa leader Patrick Casey. In November 2019, she was dropped by conservative organization Young America's Foundation (YAF), citing her support for individuals associated with antisemitism and white nationalism.
Miyuki Takase
Miyuki Takase (高瀬みゆき, Takase Miyuki) is a Japanese professional wrestler. She is signed to Sendai Girls' Pro Wrestling, and is best known for her tenure with the Japanese promotions Actwres girl'Z,Pro Wrestling Wave and Pure-J.

Beyond the Sea Tag Team Championship
The Beyond the Sea Tag Team Championship is a professional wrestling tag team championship created and promoted by the Seadlinnng promotion. The inaugural champions were crowned on July 25, 2018, when Borderless (Rina Yamashita and Yoshiko) defeated Nanae Takahashi and Tsukasa Fujimoto.

Like most professional wrestling championships, the title is won as a result of a scripted match. There have been a total of eleven reigns and two vacancies shared among ten teams and thirteen wrestlers. The titles are currently held by Makoto and Nagisa Nozaki who are in their first reign as a team, but third for Makoto and first for Nozaki individually.
Ruby Amanfu
Eyram Ruby Amanfu Ashworth is an American recording artist based in Nashville. Amanfu has released seven studio albums and multiple singles. She is known for being one half of the duo Sam & Ruby, whose album was named Associated Press Album of the Year in 2009. Amanfu is also known for her collaborations with Jack White in his all-female band, The Peacocks, and has widely appeared on his critically acclaimed solo albums, Blunderbuss and Lazaretto. In 2020 and 2022, Amanfu was nominated for the Grammy Award for Song of the Year for co-writing "Hard Place" by H.E.R. and "A Beautiful Noise" by Alicia Keys and Brandi Carlile, and was nominated for a Soul Train Music Award for The Ashford & Simpson Songwriter's Award.

Outside of her musical career, Amanfu is an actress, civil activist, an elected Recording Academy Board Governor, private chef, and food blogger.

Hard Place
"Hard Place" is a song by American singer H.E.R. released on April 4, 2019 (2019-04-04) as the first single from her fifth EP I Used to Know Her: Part 2 and the second single from her second compilation album I Used to Know Her. It was written by H.E.R., Sam Ashworth, David “Swagg R’Celious” Harris, and Ruby Amanfu and produced by Rodney Jerkins.
Sune Lindström
Sune Lindström (2 November 1906 – 31 October 1989) was a Swedish architect.

He was born in Malmö, Sweden, the son of Gustaf Lindström and Astrid Dahlén. He studied at the Royal Institute of Technology between 1926 and 1931. He followed with training at the Bauhaus in Dessau. Lindström was a professor at Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg from 1959 to 1969.

He was married to Danish architect Malene Bjørn (1914–2016), with whom he designed the Kuwait Towers in Kuwait City

Kuwait Towers
The Kuwait Towers are a group of three  thin towers in Kuwait City, standing on a promontory into the Persian Gulf. They were the sixth, and last, group in the larger Kuwait Water Towers system of 34 towers (33 store water; one stores equipment), and were built in a style considerably different from the other five groups. The Kuwait Towers were officially inaugurated in March 1979 and are regarded as a landmark and symbol of modern Kuwait. The towers were closed for maintenance from March 2012 to 8 March 2016, with a massive fireworks festival commemorating the re-opening. Kuwait Towers facility is operated and managed by the state-owned Touristic Enterprises Company. The Main Tower served as the venue for TEDxKuwaitCity event in 2018 and 2019.
Joe Coleman (painter)
Joseph Coleman (born November 22, 1955) is an American painter, illustrator, actor and performance artist. He has been described as the "walking ghost of Old America" by his wife, photographer Whitney Ward, for his over-riding interest in the historical arcana and personae that often populate his paintings. Of Coleman's work, The New York Times wrote that, “If P. T. Barnum had hired Breughel or Bosch to paint sideshow banners, they might have resembled the art of Joe Coleman.” While Berlin's Tagesspiegel said of Coleman, "Like [George] Grosz in the 1920s, he holds a drastic mirror up to his own times."

Coleman lives and works in Brooklyn, New York. His apartment and studio, called the Odditorium, is a living museum to his obsessions; a collection of artifacts, objects and documents from wax museums, crime museums, churches, pathology museums and sideshows.

Carl Panzram
Charles "Carl" Panzram (June 28, 1892 – September 5, 1930) was an American rapist, serial killer, and habitual offender. In prison confessions and in his autobiography, Panzram confessed to having murdered twenty-one boys and men, only five of which could be corroborated. He is suspected of having killed more than a hundred boys and men in the United States alone, and several more in Portuguese Angola.

Panzram also confessed to having committed more than a thousand acts of rape against males of all ages. After a lifetime of crime, during which he served many prison terms and escaped from many prisons, Panzram was executed by hanging in 1930 for the murder of a prison employee at the United States Penitentiary in Leavenworth, Kansas.
Trichloroacetyl chloride
Trichloroacetyl chloride is the acyl chloride of trichloroacetic acid.  It can be formed by reacting chlorine with acetyl chloride or acetaldehyde in the presence of activated charcoal, or by the isomerisation of tetrachloroethylene oxide via heating. It is used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and plant protection compounds.

Tetrachloroethylene oxide
Tetrachloroethylene oxide, perchloroethylene oxide (PCEO) or tetrachlorooxirane, is the perchlorinated analogue of ethylene oxide and a proposed metabolite of tetrachloroethylene. It is a halogenated epoxide with the formula C2Cl4O. Tetrachloroethylene oxide is fairly stable but rearranges to trichloroacetyl chloride at higher temperatures.
Royal Selangor Club
The Royal Selangor Club (Malay: Kelab Di-Raja Selangor) is a social club in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, founded in 1884 by the British who ruled Malaya at the time. The club is situated next to the Dataran Merdeka, or Independence Square, padang (field), and is accessible from Jalan Raja (King Road).

Hash House Harriers
The Hash House Harriers (HHH or H3) is an international group of non-competitive running social clubs. An event organized by a club is known as a Hash or Run, or a Hash Run. A common denominal verb for this activity is Hashing, with participants calling themselves Hashers. Members are referred to as Harriers or Harriettes based on gender or preference.

The Hash is humorously known as A Drinking Club With A Running Problem, with the preferred beverage of consumption being beer.
Legislative districts of Batanes
The legislative districts of Batanes are the representations of the province of Batanes in the various national legislatures of the Philippines. The province is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through its lone congressional district.

Batanes
Batanes, officially the Province of Batanes, is an archipelagic province in the Philippines, administratively part of the Cagayan Valley region. It is the northernmost province in the Philippines, and the smallest, both in population and land area. The capital is Basco, located on the island of Batan, and is also the most populous municipality in the province.

The island group is located approximately 162 kilometers (101 mi) north of the Luzon mainland and about 190 kilometers (120 mi) south of Taiwan (Pingtung County). Batanes is separated from the Babuyan Islands of Cagayan Province by the Balintang Channel, and from Taiwan by the Bashi Channel.
Prostitution in Hong Kong
Prostitution in Hong Kong is itself legal, but organised prostitution is illegal, as there are laws against keeping a vice establishment, causing or procuring another to be a prostitute, living on the prostitution of others, or public solicitation.

The most visible public venues for sex workers in Hong Kong, especially for tourists, are massage parlours and the so-called "Japanese style night clubs". However, most of the commercial sex worker industry consists of women working in small, usually one room apartments, usually referred to as "one-woman brothels", the equivalent of the "Soho walk-up" in the United Kingdom. They advertise for clients through the Internet and local classifieds. Most popular mainstream newspapers will carry such classifieds with brothel guides as an insert within racing form guides. Yellow neon advertising boxes were used to advertise sexual services to such an extent that "yellow" (黃) became synonymous with prostitution.

Wan Chai
Wan Chai (Chinese: 灣仔) is located in the western part of Wan Chai District on the northern shore of Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. It is bounded by Canal Road to the east, Arsenal Street to the west, and Bowen Road to the south. The area north of Gloucester Road is often called Wan Chai North.

Wan Chai is one of the busiest commercial areas in Hong Kong with offices of many small and medium-sized companies. Wan Chai North features office towers, parks, hotels and an international conference and exhibition centre. Wan Chai is also well known for its famous night life which has evolved over decades. As one of the first areas developed in Hong Kong, the locale is densely populated but facing urban decay. The government has undertaken several urban renewal projects in recent years. There are various landmarks and skyscrapers within the area, most notably the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre (HKCEC), Central Plaza and Hopewell Centre.