hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
COVID-19 vaccine clinical research
COVID-19 vaccine clinical research uses clinical research to establish the characteristics of COVID-19 vaccines. These characteristics include efficacy, effectiveness, and safety. As of November 2022, 40 vaccines are authorized by at least one national regulatory authority for public use:

one DNA vaccine: ZyCoV-D

four RNA vaccines: Pfizer–BioNTech, Moderna, Walvax, and Gemcovac

twelve inactivated vaccines: Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, CoronaVac, Covaxin, CoviVac, COVIran Barekat, FAKHRAVAC, Minhai-Kangtai, QazVac, Sinopharm BIBP, WIBP, Turkovac, and VLA2001.

six viral vector vaccines: Sputnik Light, Sputnik V, Oxford–AstraZeneca, Convidecia, Janssen, and iNCOVACC

sixteen subunit vaccines: Abdala, Corbevax, COVAX-19, EpiVacCorona, IndoVac, MVC-COV1901, Noora, Novavax, Razi Cov Pars, Sanofi–GSK, Sinopharm CNBG, Skycovione, Soberana 02, Soberana Plus, V-01, and ZF2001.

one virus-like particle vaccine: CoVLP

Noora (vaccine)
Noora (Persian: نورا) is a COVID-19 vaccine candidate developed by Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences in collaboration with Plasma Darman Sarv Sepid Co. (lit. White Cypress Plasma Treatment) in Iran. Introduced in June 2021, it was announced as having "successfully passed the first phase of its clinical trial" two months later.

The clinical trial reported in the Journal of Medical Virology met a critical scrutiny in May 2023, after which the journal declared it as an invalid study and retracted it in March 2024. Independent research in 2024 indicated that the vaccine is very weak (poor immunogenicity and neutralization efficacy) unlikely useful for the later variants of SARS-CoV-2.
Psychonomics
Psychonomics is a field of cognitive science and psychology characterized by the use of mathematical modeling to discovering the laws (Greek: 'nomos') that govern the workings of the mind (Greek: 'psyche'). The field is directly related to experimental psychology.  The word is used most prominently by the Psychonomic Society, a society of experimental psychologists. It is closely related to psychophysics.

Psychonomic Society
The Psychonomic Society is an international scientific society of over 4,500 scientists in the field of experimental psychology. The mission of the Psychonomic Society is to foster the science of cognition through the advancement and communication of basic research in experimental psychology and allied sciences. It is open to international researchers, and almost 40% of members are based outside of North America. Although open to all areas of experimental and cognitive psychology, its members typically study areas such as learning, memory, attention, motivation, perception, categorization, decision making, and psycholinguistics. Its name is taken from the word psychonomics, meaning "the science of the laws of the mind".
The Woman in the Hall (novel)
The Woman in the Hall is a 1939 novel by the British writer Gladys Bronwyn Stern. The lifestyle of a confidence trickster mother has a psychologically disturbing effect on her daughter who she uses as an essential part in her various swindles.

Gladys Bronwyn Stern
Gladys Bronwyn Stern (17 June 1890 – 20 September 1973) or G. B. Stern, born Gladys Bertha Stern in London, England, wrote many novels, short stories, plays, memoirs, biographies and literary criticism.
Ágata Lys
Ágata Lys (born Margarita García San Segundo; 3 December 1953 – 12 November 2021) was a Spanish film, television and theatre actress, associated with the cinema of the destape (sexploitation) during the Spanish transition to democracy.

The Holy Innocents (film)
The Holy Innocents (Spanish: Los santos inocentes) is a 1984 Spanish drama film directed by Mario Camus based on Miguel Delibes' novel of the same title which stars Alfredo Landa and Francisco Rabal. The plot explores the lives of landless labourers scraping by in an aristocratic estate in 1960s Extremadura.

The film earned wide critical acclaim both in the domestic and the international front, also becoming the highest-grossing Spanish film in Spain at the time.

In the 1984 edition of the Cannes Film Festival, the film was nominated for the Palme d'Or and won the Prize of the Ecumenical Jury Special Mention. Rabal and Landa shared the Best Actor Award at the same festival. It was voted the third best Spanish film by professionals and critics in 1996 Spanish cinema centenary.
Bounds checking
In computer programming, bounds checking is any method of detecting whether a variable is within some bounds before it is used. It is usually used to ensure that a number fits into a given type (range checking), or that a variable being used as an array index is within the bounds of the array (index checking). A failed bounds check usually results in the generation of some sort of exception signal.

As performing bounds checking during each use can be time-consuming, it is not always done. Bounds-checking elimination is a compiler optimization technique that eliminates unneeded bounds checking.

Optimizing compiler
An optimizing compiler is a compiler designed to generate code that is optimized in aspects such as minimizing program execution time, memory usage, storage size, and power consumption. Optimization is generally implemented as a sequence of optimizing transformations, a.k.a. compiler optimizations – algorithms that transform code to produce semantically equivalent code optimized for some aspect.

Optimization is limited by a number of factors. Theoretical analysis indicates that some optimization problems are NP-complete, or even undecidable. Also, producing perfectly optimal code is not possible since optimizing for one aspect often degrades performance for another (see: superoptimization). Optimization is a collection of heuristic methods for improving resource usage in typical programs.: 585
Jersey on the Wall (I'm Just Asking)
"Jersey on the Wall (I'm Just Asking)" is a song co-written and recorded by Canadian country artist Tenille Townes. The song was co-written with Gordie Sampson and Tina Parol. It was the third single from Townes' studio album The Lemonade Stand, and her second number-one hit on the Billboard Canada Country chart.

The Lemonade Stand
The Lemonade Stand is the third studio album and the major label debut by Canadian country music singer Tenille Townes. It was released on June 26, 2020, under Columbia Nashville. The album produced two number-one singles on the Canada Country chart: "Somebody's Daughter" and "Jersey on the Wall (I'm Just Asking)".
Fred Wolf Films
Fred Wolf Films is an American animation studio founded in 1967 by Fred Wolf and Jimmy T. Murakami. It was founded as MW (Murakami-Wolf) and later became known as Murakami-Wolf-Swenson (MWS) when Charles Swenson became a full partner in 1978. From 1989 to 2000, they also operated a subsidiary, Fred Wolf Films Dublin, located in Dublin, Ireland. It adopted its current name in 1992 following a reorganization.

The studio produced The Point, the first American animated special to air in prime time (on the ABC network in 1971). It was also responsible for Free to Be... You and Me, the Puff, the Magic Dragon specials, and television series such as Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, Toxic Crusaders, James Bond Jr., The New Adventures of Speed Racer, and Sarah Ferguson's Budgie the Little Helicopter.

Charles Swenson
Charles Gregory Swenson (born March 28, 1941) is an American animator, writer, storyboard artist, sound designer, producer and director who worked with animated film for many years. He wrote, directed, and animated the 1974 unrated adult-themed feature Dirty Duck. In 1978, he joined Murakami Wolf Swenson. He is also the creator of Cartoon Network's Mike, Lu & Og in which he also wrote the scripts for several episodes as well serving as executive producer and voice director. He left the entertainment industry in the early 2000s to become a painter.
Madame Butterfly's Illusion
Madame Butterfly's Illusion (Japanese: お蝶夫人の幻想, Hepburn: Ochōfujin no gensō) is a 1940 Japanese animated short. It was directed by Wagorō Arai, a dentist who created nearly a dozen short films between 1939 and 1947 in the style of silhouette animation. It is based on parts of the opera Madama Butterfly by Giacomo Puccini.

Silhouette animation
Silhouette animation is animation in which the characters are only visible as black silhouettes. This is usually accomplished by backlighting articulated cardboard cut-outs, though other methods exist. It is partially inspired by, but for a number of reasons technically distinct from, shadow play.
Nan Madol
Nan Madol is an archaeological site adjacent to the eastern shore of the island of Pohnpei, now part of the Madolenihmw district of Pohnpei state in the Federated States of Micronesia in the western Pacific Ocean. Nan Madol was the capital of the Saudeleur dynasty until about 1628. The city, constructed in a lagoon, consists of a series of small artificial islands linked by a network of canals. The site core with its stone walls encloses an area approximately 1.5 by 0.5 kilometres (0.93 mi × 0.31 mi) and it contains 92 artificial islets—stone and coral fill platforms—bordered by tidal canals.

The name Nan Madol means "within the intervals" and is a reference to the canals that crisscross the ruins. The original name was Soun Nan-leng, "Reef of Heaven", according to Gene Ashby in his book Pohnpei, An Island Argosy. It is often called the "Eighth Wonder of the World", or the "Venice of the Pacific".

Madolenihmw
Madolenihmw is one of the administrative divisions of the Micronesian island of Pohnpei. It is located in the central east of the island, to the east of Mount Nahna Laud and south of Mount Kapwuriso. The coast of Madolenihmw includes a large bay which contains the island of Temwen, famous for its Nan Madol ruins.
1,5-Pentanediol
1,5-Pentanediol is the organic compound with the formula HO(CH2)5OH. Like other diols, this viscous, colorless liquid is used as a plasticizer and also forms polyesters, which are used as emulsifying agents and resin intermediates.

Diol
A diol is a chemical compound containing two hydroxyl groups (−OH groups).  An aliphatic diol may also be called a glycol. This pairing of functional groups is pervasive, and many subcategories have been identified. They are used as protecting groups of carbonyl groups, making them essential in synthesis of organic chemistry.

The most common industrial diol is ethylene glycol. Examples of diols in which the hydroxyl functional groups are more widely separated include 1,4-butanediol HO−(CH2)4−OH and propylene-1,3-diol, or beta propylene glycol, HO−CH2−CH2−CH2−OH.
VR – Crushing the World
VR – Crushing the World is a DVD compilation by American heavy metal band Vicious Rumors, released in 2005. It contains several live performances, backstage clips, the MTV-era videos produced by Gore Verbinski, and three (at the time) new/unreleased songs.

Vicious Rumors
Vicious Rumors are an American power metal band, originally formed in 1979 in the San Francisco Bay Area. The band was conceived by founder and guitarist/vocalist Geoff Thorpe, and has been actively recording and touring worldwide since their full-length recording debut in 1985. They are signed to the Germany-based label SPV/Steamhammer.
2021 Kremlin Cup – Men's singles
Andrey Rublev was the reigning champion from when the tournament was last held in 2019, but lost to Adrian Mannarino in the second round in a rematch of the 2019 final.

Aslan Karatsev won the title, defeating Marin Čilić in the final, 6–2, 6–4.

Marin Čilić
Marin Čilić (Croatian pronunciation: [mâriːn tʃǐːlitɕ]; born 28 September 1988) is a Croatian professional tennis player. He has been ranked as high as world No. 3 in men's singles by the ATP, achieved in January 2018. Čilić has won 21 ATP Tour-level singles titles, including the 2014 US Open. He was also finalist at the 2017 Wimbledon Championships and the 2018 Australian Open.

Playing for his country, Čilić was pivotal in the Croatian team's victory at the 2018 Davis Cup, and won an Olympic silver medal in men's doubles at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics partnering Ivan Dodig. Alongside Goran Ivanišević and Iva Majoli, he is widely considered to be one of the greatest Croatian tennis players in history.

Čilić has reached the semifinal stage or better at all four Majors, one of only four active players to do so, and the quarterfinal stage or better at all nine Masters tournaments. He is one of only six active players with 20 or more titles.
Lea Verou
Lea Verou (Greek: Λία Βέρου) is a Greek-American computer scientist, front end web developer, speaker and author, originally from Lesbos, Greece. Verou is currently a research assistant at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL), an elected participant in the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Technical Architecture Group (TAG), and an invited expert in the W3C CSS Working Group.
She is the author of the book CSS Secrets: Better Solutions to Everyday Web Design Problems (ISBN 978-1-449-37263-7).

Technical Architecture Group
The W3C Technical Architecture Group (TAG) is a special working group within the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) created in 2001 to:

document and build consensus around principles of Web architecture and to interpret and clarify these principles when necessary;

resolve issues involving general Web architecture brought to the TAG;

help coordinate cross-technology architecture developments inside and outside W3C.

The TAG consists of inventor of the Web and W3C director Sir Tim Berners-Lee, engineers elected by W3C member organizations, as well as participants directly appointed by Tim Berners-Lee.
Mikhail Tetyaev
Mikhail Mikhailovich Tetyaev (Russian: Михаил Михайлович Тетяев; 11(23) September 1882, Nizhny Novgorod – 11 October 1956, Leningrad) was a Soviet tectonic geologist.

The wrinkle ridge Dorsa Tetyaev on the Moon is named after him.

Dorsa Tetyaev
Dorsa Tetyaev is a wrinkle ridge system at 19°54′N 64°12′E﻿ / ﻿19.9°N 64.2°E﻿ / 19.9; 64.2 in Mare Crisium on the Moon. It is 188 km long and was named after Soviet geologist Mikhail Mikhailovich Tetyaev in 1979.
Max Beckmann
Max Carl Friedrich Beckmann (February 12, 1884 – December 27, 1950) was a German painter, draftsman, printmaker, sculptor, and writer. Although he is classified as an Expressionist artist, he rejected both the term and the movement. In the 1920s, he was associated with the New Objectivity (Neue Sachlichkeit), an outgrowth of Expressionism that opposed its introverted emotionalism. Even when dealing with light subject matter like circus performers, Beckmann often had an undercurrent of moodiness or unease in his works. By the 1930s, his work became more explicit in its horrifying imagery and distorted forms with combination of brutal realism and social criticism, coinciding with the rise of Nazism in Germany.

Neue Galerie New York
The Neue Galerie New York (German for "New Gallery") is a museum of early twentieth-century German and Austrian art and design located in the William Starr Miller House at 86th Street and Fifth Avenue in New York City. Established in 2001, it is one of the most recent additions to New York City's Museum Mile, which runs from 83rd to 105th streets on Fifth Avenue on the Upper East Side of Manhattan.
Roxbury, Somerset County, Pennsylvania
Roxbury is an unincorporated community in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, United States.  It lies along the borderof Stonycreek Township and Brothersvalley Township, which is formed by Pennsylvania Route 31 (Glades Pike).  It lies at the intersection of Route 31 and Pennsylvania Route 160 (Huckleberry Highway).

About 3 miles to the southwest of Roxbury along Route 160 is Berlin.  About 3 miles to the northwest along Route 31 is Brotherton.

Pennsylvania Route 31
Pennsylvania Route 31 (PA 31) is a 74-mile-long (119 km) state highway located in Western Pennsylvania, paralleling U.S. Route 30 (US 30) and the Pennsylvania Turnpike for most of its length. The designation begins at PA 136 near West Newton and ends at US 30 near Bedford.
Judiel Nieva
Judiel Nieva (born 1977), also known as Angel de la Vega, is a Filipino transgender actress and businesswoman, notable for her claims of seeing a vision of the Virgin Mary atop a guava tree in Agoo, La Union, Philippines in what was labeled as the "Miracle of Agoo" from 1989 until 1993. During this time, the noted Filipino broadcaster Noli de Castro was instrumental in the national broadcasting of the purported apparitions in the Philippines.

The Catholic Church officially declared Nieva's visions as non—supernatural in 1993.

Agoo
Agoo ([aˈgɔʔo]), officially the Municipality of Agoo (Ilocano: Ili ti Agoo; Pangasinan: Baley na Agoo; Filipino: Bayan ng Agoo), is a coastal municipality in the province of La Union, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 65,256 people.
2016 Girabola
The 2016 Girabola was the 38th season of top-tier football in Angola. The season ran from 19 February to 5 November 2016.

The league comprised 16 teams, the bottom three of which were relegated to the 2016 Provincial championships. 1º de Agosto won their first league title.

C.D. Primeiro de Agosto
Clube Desportivo 1º de Agosto is a multisports club from Luanda, Angola. The club, founded 1 August 1977, is attached to the Angolan Armed Forces, which is its sponsor. Its main team competes in men's football, and its professional basketball team is also noteworthy within the club.  The club's colors are red and black. The club won its first title in football, the Angolan League, in 1979. and in basketball in 1980. Handball and Volleyball have also won many titles to the club.

The Primeiro de Agosto Sports Club has its football team competing at the local level, in the events organized by the Angolan Football Federation, namely the Angolan National Football Championship a.k.a. Girabola, the Angola Cup and the Angola Super Cup as well as at continental level, at the annual competitions organized by the African Football Confederation (CAF), including the CAF Champions League and the CAF Confederation Cup.
Willie Dynamite
Willie Dynamite is a 1973 American blaxploitation film directed by Gilbert Moses and starring Roscoe Orman, Diana Sands, Thalmus Rasulala, Joyce Walker, and was released by Universal Pictures. The eponymous Willie Dynamite is a pimp in New York City, who strives to be number one in the city. As he is trying to do so, a social worker named Cora, is trying to change his ways – as well as those of the women who work for him – for the better. It was the first film produced by the Zanuck-Brown Company.

Martha Reeves
Martha Rose Reeves (born July 18, 1941) is an American R&B and pop singer. She is best known for being the lead singer of the Motown girl group Martha and the Vandellas, which scored several major Hot 100 hits such as "Nowhere to Run", "Heat Wave", "Jimmy Mack", and "Dancing in the Street" among others. From 2005 until 2009, Reeves served as an elected councilwoman in her hometown of Detroit, Michigan, U.S. Martha Reeves and the Vandellas were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1995. In 2023, Rolling Stone ranked Reeves at number 151 on its list of the 200 Greatest Singers of All Time.
Longwy station
Longwy station is a railway station serving the town Longwy, Meurthe-et-Moselle department, northeastern France. It is situated on the Longuyon–Mont-Saint-Martin railway. The station is served by regional trains towards Luxembourg, Charleville-Mézières and Nancy.

Longwy
Longwy (French pronunciation: [lɔ̃wi] ⓘ; older German: Langich, [ˈlaŋɪç]; Luxembourgish: Lonkech) is a commune in the French department of Meurthe-et-Moselle, Lorraine, administrative region of Grand Est, northeastern France.

The inhabitants are known as Longoviciens.

In 2008, the ville neuve ("New Town") was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, as part of the "Fortifications of Vauban" group for its contributions to the development of military architecture and engineering.
Idanha, Oregon
Idanha /ɪˈdænə/ is a city on the Marion County/Linn County line in Oregon, United States, on Oregon Route 22 and the North Santiam River. The population was 156 at the 2020 census.

The Marion County portion of Idanha is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area, while the Linn County portion is part of the Albany–Lebanon Micropolitan Statistical Area.

In 2015, the city's mayor, Cletus Moore, was arrested and charged with felony possession of methamphetamine.

Linn County, Oregon
Linn County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2023 census population estimates, the population was 131,496. The county seat is Albany. The county is named in the honor of Lewis F. Linn, a U.S. Senator from Missouri who advocated the American settlement of the Oregon Country. Linn County comprises the Albany, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Portland-Vancouver-Salem, OR-WA Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Willamette Valley. In 2010, the center of population of Oregon was located in Linn County, near the city of Lyons.
Murphy, Oregon
Murphy is an unincorporated community in Josephine County, Oregon, United States.  The Three Rivers School District is located there.

Although Murphy is unincorporated, it has a post office with the ZIP code 97533.

The first industrial hemp crop in the state was planted near Murphy. In September 2015, deer ate over 900 of the 1,000 plants.

Josephine County, Oregon
Josephine County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 88,090. The county seat is Grants Pass. The county is named after Virginia Josephine Rollins (1834–1912), a settler who was the first white woman to live in the county's boundaries. Josephine County comprises the Grants Pass, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Medford-Grants Pass, OR Combined Statistical Area.
Yathkyed Lake
Yathkyed Lake (variant: Haecoligua; meaning: "white swan") is a natural freshwater lake in Kivalliq Region, Nunavut, Canada, North America. Located between Angikuni Lake and Forde Lake, it is one of several lakes on the Kazan River. Yathkyed lake was named by the Sayisi Dene, historical barren-ground caribou hunters of the area. Caribou Inuit artifacts have also been found here. The lake has a surface area of 1,449 square kilometres.

It contains the only island in a lake on an island in a lake on an island in a lake on Earth, also known as a fifth-order island.

Kivallirmiut
Kivallirmiut, also called the Caribou Inuit (Inuktitut: Kivallirmiut/ᑭᕙᓪᓕᕐᒥᐅᑦ), barren-ground caribou hunters, are Inuit who live west of Hudson Bay in Kivalliq Region, Nunavut, between 61° and 65° N and 90° and 102° W in Northern Canada.

The Danish Fifth Thule Expedition of 1921–1924 led by Knud Rasmussen called them the Caribou Eskimo. Kivallirmiut are the southernmost subgroup of the Central Inuit.
The Croaking Raven
The Croaking Raven is a 1966 mystery detective novel by the British writer Gladys Mitchell. It is the thirty ninth in the long-running series of books featuring Mitchell's best known creation, the psychoanalyst and amateur detective Mrs Bradley. The title is taken from a line from Shakespeare's Hamlet "the croaking raven doth bellow for revenge".

Gladys Mitchell
Gladys Maude Winifred Mitchell (21 April 1901 – 27 July 1983) was an English writer best known for her creation of Mrs Bradley, the heroine of 66 detective novels. She also wrote under the pseudonyms Stephen Hockaby and Malcolm Torrie. Fêted during her life (called "the Great Gladys" by Philip Larkin), her work has been largely neglected in the decades since her death.