hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yamaha YM2151
The Yamaha YM2151, also known as OPM (FM Operator Type-M) is an eight-channel, four-operator sound chip developed by Yamaha. It was Yamaha's first single-chip FM synthesis implementation, being created originally for some of the Yamaha DX series of keyboards (DX21, DX27, and DX100). Yamaha also used it in some of their budget-priced electric pianos, such as the YPR-7, -8, and -9.

Frequency modulation synthesis
Frequency modulation synthesis (or FM synthesis) is a form of sound synthesis whereby the frequency of a waveform is changed by modulating its frequency with a modulator. The (instantaneous) frequency of an oscillator is altered in accordance with the amplitude of a modulating signal.

FM synthesis can create both harmonic and inharmonic sounds. To synthesize harmonic sounds, the modulating signal must have a harmonic relationship to the original carrier signal. As the amount of frequency modulation increases, the sound grows progressively complex. Through the use of modulators with frequencies that are non-integer multiples of the carrier signal (i.e. inharmonic), inharmonic bell-like and percussive spectra can be created.

FM synthesis using analog oscillators may result in pitch instability. However, FM synthesis can also be implemented digitally, which is more stable and became standard practice.
C56 31
C56 31 was the 31st of the Class C56 steam locomotives produced by Japanese Government Railways (JGR). It was manufactured by Nippon Sharyo in 1936 and was operated on the Nanao Line in Ishikawa Prefecture before the war. C56 31 was the first locomotive to run on the Thai-Burma Railway, also known as the Death Railway. It operated there during the war, after which it was used in Thailand. After the war it was brought back to Japan and restored, and is now displayed in the Yūshūkan, the museum attached to Yasukuni Shrine in Tokyo. It is displayed without reference to the deaths during the construction of the railway, which are estimated at around 100,000.

Nippon Sharyo
Nippon Sharyo, Ltd.  (日本車輌製造株式会社, Nippon Sharyō Seizō kabushiki gaisha; literally "Japan Rolling Stock Manufacture Company" and formerly known outside Japan as Nippon Sharyo Seizo Kaisha, Ltd.), formed in 1896, is a major rolling stock, heavy equipment, generator, special purpose vehicle and bridge manufacturer based in Nagoya, Japan. In 1996, it abbreviated its name to "日本車両" Nippon Sharyō. Its shortest abbreviation is Nissha "日車". It was a listed company on Nikkei 225 until 2004. It is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and Nagoya Stock Exchange as ticker 7102. In 2008, Central Japan Railway Company (JR Central) became the majority shareholder (50.1%) of the financially struggling Nippon Sharyo making the firm a "consolidated subsidiary" of JR Central. In July 2012 Nippon Sharyo USA started production in their new facility in Rochelle, Illinois. The facility closed at the end of October 2018 due to a lack of orders.
Kieleńska Huta
Kieleńska Huta [kʲɛˈlɛɲska ˈxuta] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szemud, within Wejherowo County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Szemud
Gmina Szemud (Kashubian: Gmina Szëmôłd) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Wejherowo County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Szemud, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) south of Wejherowo and 30 km (19 mi) north-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 176.57 square kilometres (68.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 12,757.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Tricity Landscape Park.
Mjølfjell
Mjølfjell is a village area located in the eastern part of the Raundalen valley in Voss Municipality in Vestland county, Norway.  Mjølfjell is served by the train station on the Bergen Line, Mjølfjell Station, both local trains from Vossavangen and (less frequently) the Bergen to Oslo express trains make regular stops there. Mjølfjell has a grocery store, a chapel, and a military training facility. There are about 500 cabins in the area that are used for vacationers.

Mjølfjell Station
Mjølfjell Station (Norwegian: Mjølfjell stasjon) is a railway station along the Bergen Line in the village of Mjølfjell in the eastern part of the Raundalen valley in Voss Municipality, Vestland county, Norway. The station is served by the Bergen Commuter Rail, operated by Vy Tog, with up to five daily departures in each direction, in addition to one weekly express train. The station was opened in 1908. The surrounding area is dominantly recreational, with many cabins. It is accessible by a spur of County Road 5386. The station takes its name from the nearby mountain Mjølfjellet.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Barbour County, West Virginia
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Barbour County, West Virginia.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Barbour County, West Virginia, United States.  The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in an online map.

There are 13 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted January 2, 2026.

Barbour County, West Virginia
Barbour County is a county in north central West Virginia, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 15,465. The county seat is Philippi, which was chartered in 1844. Both county and city were named for Philip P. Barbour (1783–1841), a U.S. Congressman from Virginia and Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court. The county was formed in 1843 when the region was still part of the state of Virginia. In 1871, a small part of Barbour County was transferred to Tucker County, West Virginia.

The Battle of Philippi, also known as the "Philippi Races", was fought in Barbour County on June 3, 1861. Although a minor action, it is generally considered the first land engagement of the American Civil War.

For 114 years (1909-2023), Barbour County was home to Alderson-Broaddus College (later Alderson Broaddus University), an American Baptist institution. Its four-year Physician Assistant (PA) baccalaureate program was the first such anywhere.
Solomon and Henry Weil Houses
The Solomon and Henry Weil Houses are two historic homes located at Goldsboro, Wayne County, North Carolina.  They were built in 1875 for two brothers, and are nearly identical two-story, rectangular, Late Victorian frame dwellings.  They feature projecting bays, bay windows, porches, and verandahs. Social activist Gertrude Weil, Henry's daughter, grew up in the house at 200 W. Chestnut St.

They were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Gertrude Weil
Gertrude Weil (December 11, 1879 – May 3, 1971) was an American social activist involved in a wide range of progressive/leftist and often controversial causes, including women's suffrage, labor reform and civil rights.
North Road railway station
North Road is a railway station on the Tees Valley Line, which runs between Bishop Auckland and Saltburn via Darlington. The station, situated 1 mile 23 chains (2.1 km) north-west of Darlington, serves the market town of Darlington in County Durham, England. It is owned by Network Rail and managed by Northern Trains.

Darlington
Darlington is a market town in the Borough of Darlington, County Durham, England. It lies on the River Skerne, 13 miles (21 km) west of Middlesbrough and 17 miles (27 km) south of Durham. Darlington had a population of 107,800 at the 2021 Census, making it a "large town" and one of the largest settlements in North East England. The town is linked to London, Leeds, York, Newcastle and Edinburgh by the East Coast Main Line railway and the A1 road.
Ingemar Lundström
Ingemar Lundström, born 9 May 1941 in Skellefteå, Sweden, is a Swedish professor of applied physics at Linköping University.

Professor Lundström received his B.S. in electrical engineering in 1967 at Chalmers University of Technology and his Ph.D. in solid state physics in 1970 from the same university. He worked at Chalmers until 1978, when he was appointed a professor in the chair of applied physics at Linköping University, a position he held until his retirement.

His primary research areas are in biosensors and chemical sensors.

Lundström is a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences since 1982 and a member of the Swedish Royal Academy of Science since 1987.

He was elected to the Nobel Committee for Physics in 2006, and is its chairman from 2010.

Nobel Committee for Physics
The Nobel Committee for Physics is the Nobel Committee responsible for proposing laureates for the Nobel Prize for Physics. The Nobel Committee for Physics is appointed by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. It usually consists of Swedish professors of physics who are members of the Academy, although the Academy in principle could appoint anyone to the Committee.

The Committee is a working body without decision power, and the final decision to award the Nobel Prize for Physics is taken by the entire Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, after having a first discussion in the Academy's Class for Physics.
Tsimbla
Tsimbla (Tigrinya: ፅምብላ) is a woreda in Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Part of the Semien Mi'irabawi Zone, Tsimbla is bordered along the south by the Tekeze River which separates the woreda on the south from Tselemti and to the west by the Asgede, then on the northwest by Tahtay Adyabo, on the north by La'ilay Adiyabo, on the northeast by Tahtay Koraro, and on the east by Medebay Zana. The administrative center of this woreda is in Inda Aba Guna, a separate town; other towns in Tsimbla include Adi Gebru and Debre Abai.

Inda Aba Guna
Inda Aba Guna(Ge'ez: እንዳባጉና), is a town in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia located at 925 km north of Addis Ababa and 270 km north of Mekelle along the highway which runs from Shire to Gondar. The town is also the administrative center of the Tsimbla woreda (district).
Bourj el-Barajneh
Bourj el-Barajneh (Arabic: برج البراجنة, lit. 'Tower of Towers') is a municipality located in the southern suburbs of Beirut, in Lebanon. The municipality lies between Beirut–Rafic Hariri International Airport and the town of Haret Hreik.

In the 7 June 2009 parliamentary election in Lebanon, Bourj al-Barajneh voted in the Baabda electoral division.

Its local population is mainly Lebanese Shia Muslims but due to its cheap housing and hospitable locals, it has acquired a sizable Lebanese Sunni Muslims and some Lebanese Maronite Christian because of its proximity to the town of Haret Hreik, as well as refugee populations like Kurds, Iraqis (including Iraqi Assyrians) and other refugee populations like recently arrived Syrian refugees, who reside mainly in and around the local Palestinian refugee camp - the Bourj el-Barajneh camp. The town was founded by Arab settlers. It is known as the Barajneh after a rebel who killed a slave of Fakhr-al-Din II (1590–1635).

Bourj el-Barajneh refugee camp
Bourj el-Barajneh refugee camp is a refugee camp in the Beirut neighbourhood of Bourj el-Barajneh, Lebanon. The camp was established by the Union of Red Cross Societies in 1948 to house Palestinian refugees displaced in the 1948 Palestinian expulsion. The camp was partially destroyed during the 1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon and the Lebanese civil war.

As of 2024 the camp is home to 18,000 Palestinians and 40,000 Syrians displaced by the Syrian civil war.
Sign Systems Studies
Sign Systems Studies is a peer-reviewed academic journal on semiotics edited at the Department of Semiotics of the University of Tartu and published by the University of Tartu Press. It is the oldest periodical in the field. It was initially published in Russian and since 1998 in English with Russian and Estonian language abstracts. The journal was established by Juri Lotman as Trudy po Znakovym Sistemam in 1964. Since 1998 it has been edited by  Kalevi Kull, Mihhail Lotman, and Peeter Torop. Since 2022, Ott Puumeister leads the editorial team. The journal is available online from the Philosophy Documentation Center, indexed by WoS and Scopus, and starting 2012 also on an open access platform.

The vol. 50(4) published the complete list of contributions (1964–2022).

Since the vol. 50(2/3) the articles are supplied by an abstract in freely chosen language (in addition to English and Estonian abstracts).

Peeter Torop
Peeter Torop (born November 28, 1950, in Tallinn, Estonia) is an Estonian semiotician. Following Roman Jakobson, he expanded the scope of the semiotic study of translation to include intratextual, intertextual, and extratextual translation and stressing the productivity of the notion of translation in general semiotics. He is a co-editor of the journal Sign Systems Studies, the oldest international semiotic periodical, the chairman of the Estonian Semiotics Association and professor of semiotics of culture at Tartu University.

He is known in translation studies above all for his PhD dissertation Total translation, published in Russian in 1995, in Italian in 2000 (1st edition) and 2010 (2nd edition), edited by Bruno Osimo, in Ukrainian in 2015 and in Estonian in 2024.
Simmern im Hunsrück
Simmern (German pronunciation: [ˈzɪmɐn] ⓘ; officially Simmern/Hunsrück) is a town of roughly 8,155 inhabitants (Dec. 2023) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, the district seat of the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis, and the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen. In the Rhineland-Palatinate state development plan, it is set out as a middle centre.

House of Wittelsbach
The House of Wittelsbach (German: Haus Wittelsbach) is a former Bavarian dynasty, with branches that have ruled over territories including the Electorate of Bavaria, the Electoral Palatinate, the Electorate of Cologne, Holland, Zeeland, Sweden (with Swedish-ruled Finland), Denmark, Norway, Hungary, Bohemia, and Greece. Their ancestral lands of Bavaria and the Palatinate were prince-electorates, and the family had three of its members elected emperors and kings of the Holy Roman Empire. They ruled over the Kingdom of Bavaria which was created in 1805 and continued to exist until 1918.

The House of Windsor, the reigning royal house of the British monarchy, are descendants of Sophia of Hanover (1630–1714), a Wittelsbach Princess of the Palatinate by birth and Electress of Hanover by marriage, who had inherited the succession rights of the House of Stuart and passed them on to the House of Hanover.
Hyidae
Hyidae is a family of pseudoscorpions. It was described in 1930 by American arachnologist Joseph Conrad Chamberlin. Habitats include plant litter and caves. They are found in South and Southeast Asia, Madagascar, and Australia.

Pseudoscorpion
Pseudoscorpions, also known as false scorpions or book scorpions, are small, scorpion-like arachnids belonging to the order Pseudoscorpiones, also known as Pseudoscorpionida or Chelonethida.

Pseudoscorpions are generally beneficial to humans because they prey on clothes moth larvae, carpet beetle larvae, booklice, ants, mites, and small flies. They are common in many environments, but they are rarely noticed due to their small size. When people see pseudoscorpions, especially indoors, they often mistake them for ticks or small spiders. Pseudoscorpions often carry out phoresis, a form of commensalism in which one organism uses another for the purpose of transport.
Kharkiv Linguistic School
The Kharkiv Linguistic School (Kharkiv School) is a group of academics, mainly philologists, linguists and literary scientists, led by Alexander Potebnja. The term "Kharkiv Linguistic School" incorporates several academic traditions such as the Kharkiv Psychological School, the Kharkiv School of Comparative Linguistics, the Kharkiv Philological School and others.

Kharkiv School was an interdisciplinary centre with academics working on linguistic theory, publishing teaching materials, collecting Ukrainian folklore, writing their own poems and plays, as well as advocating for the importance of Ukrainian language and culture.

Alexander Potebnja
Alexander Afanasyevich Potebnja (Russian: Алекса́ндр Афана́сьевич Потебня́; Ukrainian: Олекса́ндр Опана́сович Потебня́, romanized: Oleksandr Opanasovych Potebnia; September 22, 1835 – December 11, 1891) was a Russian Imperial linguist, philosopher and pan-Slavist of Ukrainian Cossack descent, who was a professor of linguistics at the Imperial Kharkov University. He is well known as a specialist in the evolution of Russian phonetics.

He constructed a theory of language and consciousness that later influenced the thinking of his countryman the Psychologist Lev Vygotsky. His main work was Language and Thought (Russian: Мысль и язык) (1862). He also published a number of works on Russian Grammar,  on the History of the Sounds in the Russian Language and on Slavic folk poetry, furthermore he translated a short fragment of Homer's Odyssey into Ukrainian. Potebnja was a corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences, the foremost academic institution in the Russian Empire.
Avant qu'elle parte
"Avant qu'elle parte" (English: "Before she leaves") is a song by the French rap group Sexion d'Assaut released on January 5, 2012. From the studio album L'Apogée, the song was written by Barack Adama, Black M, Gims, Lefa, JR O Crom, Maska, Doomams and Stan E produced by Wati B and Edit by Five copyright bank represented by Akad Daroul.

On April 22, "Avant elle parte" sold 114,179 copies. The video clip was released on March 14, 2012 on the YouTube video sharing site on the Sexion d'Assaut account. The track was awarded the Grand prix Sacem and was voted best Francophone Song of the Year at the NRJ Music Awards.

Maska (rapper)
Bastien Vincent, known by his stage name Maska (born 21 May 1985 in Paris), is a French rapper and dancer. He is a founding member of the French hip-hop band Sexion d'Assaut.

In October 2014, Maska released his first solo album, Espace-temps, which ranked 14th on the Top Albums in France.
2017–18 Western Carolina Catamounts men's basketball team
The 2017–18 Western Carolina Catamounts men's basketball team represented Western Carolina University during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Catamounts, led by 13th-year head coach Larry Hunter, played their home games at the Ramsey Center in Cullowhee, North Carolina as members of the Southern Conference (SoCon). They finished the season 13–19, 8–10 in SoCon play, to finish in sixth place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the Southern Conference tournament to Furman.

Following the loss to Furman, Larry Hunter resigned as head coach. He finished his coaching career at Western Carolina with a record of 193–229 over 13 seasons. Winthrop associate head coach Mark Prosser, son of the late Skip Prosser, was named Hunter's successor.

2017–18 Furman Paladins men's basketball team
The 2017–18 Furman Paladins men's basketball team represented Furman University during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Paladins, led by first-year head coach Bob Richey, played their home games at Timmons Arena in Greenville, South Carolina as members of the Southern Conference. They finished the season 23–10, 13–5 in SoCon play to finish in third place. They defeated Western Carolina in the quarterfinals of the SoCon tournament before losing in the semifinals to East Tennessee State. Despite having 23 wins, they did not participate in a postseason tournament.
Richard Beaple
Richard Beaple (1564– 30 December 1643) of Barnstaple, Devon, was a wealthy merchant, ship owner and member of the Spanish Company, and was three times Mayor of Barnstaple in 1607, 1621 and 1635. His elaborate mural monument survives in St Peter's Church, Barnstaple.

St Peter's Church, Barnstaple
St Peter's Church is the parish church of the town of Barnstaple in North Devon, England. Parts of the church date to the 13th-century with much restoration during the Victorian era by George Gilbert Scott and later by his son John Oldrid Scott which changed the atmosphere of the building, although many fine wall monuments and tablets remain. The church comes under the Diocese of Exeter.
Arthur Bernède
Arthur Bernède (French pronunciation: [aʁtyʁ bɛʁnɛd]; 5 January 1871 – 20 March 1937) was a French writer, poet, opera librettist, and playwright.

Bernède was born in Redon, Ille-et-Vilaine department, in Brittany. 
In 1919, Bernède joined forces with actor René Navarre, who had played Fantômas in the Louis Feuillade serials, and writer Gaston Leroux, the creator of Rouletabille, to launch the Société des Cinéromans, a production company that would produce films and novels simultaneously. Bernède published almost 200 adventure, mystery, and historical novels. His best-known characters are Belphégor, Judex, Mandrin, Chantecoq, and Vidocq. Bernède also collaborated on plays, poems, and opera libretti with Paul de Choudens; including several operas by Félix Fourdrain.

Bernède also wrote the libretti for a number of operas, among them Jules Massenet's Sapho and Camille Erlanger's L'Aube rouge.

Sapho (Massenet)
Sapho is a pièce lyrique ("lyric play", an opera in a declamatory style) in five acts. The music was composed by Jules Massenet to a French libretto by Henri Cain and Arthur Bernède, based on the novel (1884) of the same name by Alphonse Daudet.  It was first performed on 27 November 1897 by the Opéra Comique at the Théâtre Lyrique on the Place du Châtelet in Paris with Emma Calvé as Fanny Legrand. A charming and effective piece, the success of which is highly dependent on the charisma of its lead soprano, it has never earned a place in the standard operatic repertory.
Ijumu
Ìjùmúlistenⓘ is a Local Government Area in Kogi State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Iyara. Other towns in the local government include Ayetoro Gbede, Iyah-Gbede, Ayegunle Gbede, Araromi Gbede, Ayere, Ayeh Gbede, Okoro Gbede, Odokoro Gbede, Ekinrin-Adde, Egbeda Egga, Iyamoye, Ogidi, Ikoyi, Otungba, Oton-Ade, Origa, and others. The people of Ìjùmú speak the Okun dialect of the Yoruba language. The main occupation is farming among men, while women are engaged in trade. Education is the major industry in Ìjùmú.

It has an area of 1,306 km2 and a population of 119,929 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 261.

The current chairman of the local government is Hon. Haruna Ibrahim. The current National President of the Ijumu Development Union (IDU) is Comrade Ahmed-Ade Fatai. He was elected during the IDU Annual Congress at Iyara in December 2024 for a term of two years, taking over from the previous National President, Ọba Kayode Olorunmaiye

Ayetoro Gbede
Ayetoro Gbedelistenⓘ (Ayetoro-Gbede) is a town along the Ilorin – Kabba federal highway in Ijumu, a kingdom and local government area in Kogi state, Nigeria. Ayetoro Gbede is located in central Nigeria, approximately 420 kilometers northeast of Lagos, while it is 315 kilometers away from Abuja, the nation's capital. It is 21 kilometers away from Kabba Town. It is in the Kogi west senatorial district and Kabba/Ijumu federal constituency. The town was established over ninety-one years ago. The inhabitants of the town speak their local dialect of Okun and Gbede, which is a Yoruba dialect. The current traditional ruler is Oba Sunday Ehindero.

The first house in Ayetoro Gbede was built beside the old market and was owned by the founder, Oba Ajileye Daniel Alaa Bello. Ayetoro is also blessed with cashew seed, cocoa, vegetables, palm wine, and farming influence. The first community high school in Ayetoro gbede was established in September 1979.