hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ostracism
Ostracism (Greek: ὀστρακισμός, ostrakismos) was an Athenian democratic procedure in which any citizen could be expelled from the city-state of Athens for ten years. While some instances clearly expressed popular anger at the citizen, ostracism was often used preemptively as a way of neutralizing someone thought to be a threat to the state or a potential tyrant. The word 
ostracism continues to be used for various forms of shunning.

Oligarchy
Oligarchy (from Ancient Greek  ὀλιγαρχία (oligarkhía) 'rule by few'; from  ὀλίγος (olígos) 'few' and  ἄρχω (árkhō) 'to rule, command') is a form of government in which power rests with a small number of people. Leaders of such regimes are often referred to as oligarchs, and generally are characterized by having titles of nobility or high amounts of wealth.
Four Corners, Minnesota
Four Corners is an unincorporated community in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States; located 10 miles northwest of the city of Duluth at the junction of U.S. Highway 53 and Saint Louis County Road 13 (Midway Road).

Four Corners is more commonly known in the present day as the Pike Lake business district of Canosia Township.

Four Corners is located near the survey point boundary line for Canosia Township, the city of Hermantown, Grand Lake Township, and Solway Township.  The actual survey point boundary line where the three townships and the city of Hermantown meet is located nearby at the intersection of Seville Road and Solway Road.

State Highway 194 (MN 194) and Martin Road (County Road 9) are also near Four Corners – Pike Lake business district.

Grand Lake Township, St. Louis County, Minnesota
Grand Lake Township is a township in Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 2,779 at the 2010 census.

The unincorporated community of Twig is in Grand Lake Township.

U.S. Highway 53 serves as a main route. Other routes include Industrial Road, Old Miller Trunk Highway, Munger Shaw Road, Bergstrom Road, Caribou Lake Road, and Canosia Road.

Grand Lake Township is in the unincorporated area of Saginaw.
Actual malice
In United States defamation law, actual malice is a legal requirement imposed upon public officials or public figures when they file suit for libel (defamatory printed communications). Compared to other individuals who are less well known to the general public, public officials and public figures are held to a higher standard of proof to succeed in a defamation lawsuit.

Public figure
A public figure is a person who has achieved fame, prominence or notoriety within a society, whether through achievement, luck, action, or in some cases through no purposeful action of their own.

In the context of defamation actions (libel and slander) as well as invasion of privacy, a public figure cannot succeed in a lawsuit on incorrect harmful statements in the United States unless there is proof that the writer or publisher acted with actual malice by knowing the falsity or by reckless disregard for the truth. The legal burden of proof in defamation actions is thus higher in the case of a public figure than in the case of an ordinary person.

The tort of defamation depends on jurisdiction: for example, the law of defamation in England and Wales differs from Scotland or the State of Florida.
Scott Gibbons
Scott Gibbons (born March 2, 1969) is an American-born composer and performer of electroacoustic music. His work is notable for its rigorous use of single and unexpected objects as sole instrumentation (for example Unheard : Sonic arrangements from the microcosmos, which uses only sounds recorded at the molecular level using the prototype of a new type of microphone; and music for the 120th anniversary of the Eiffel Tower which incorporated sounds of the tower itself). Gibbons has also created many works for large-scale spectacle with Groupe F to accompany fireworks, which embraces the sound of pyrotechnics as a part of the musical arrangement.

Socìetas Raffaello Sanzio
The Socìetas Raffaello Sanzio (SRS) is an Italian experiential theater company founded in 1981. Its initial development was part of movement in Italian theater which did not require a background in theater but was influenced by rock, poetry, comics, television and more. By the end of the 1990s, the work done by this group had influenced a number of newer groups, winning awards for various works. The performances of this company shuns conventional coherent narrative and focuses more on visual and auditory impact, using silences, word fragments and even animals and machines as performers. The company is based in Cesena, near Bologna, Italy where it has its own theater, but it has performed in various venues in Europe, Asia, Oceana, and the Americas.
Still on Your Side
"Still on Your Side" is a song by British pop rock band BBMak. It was released as the second single from their debut studio album, Sooner or Later (2000), in the US on 5 November 2000 and in the band's native UK on 14 May 2001. Having previously achieved success in the American market first with their single "Back Here", 
"Still on Your Side" was BBMak's second top 10 hit in the UK. In the US, the song charted in the number 54 position on the Hot 100 chart, number 40 on the Adult Top 40 chart, and 14 on the Mainstream Top 40 chart.

BBMak
BBMak are a British band consisting of Mark Barry, Christian Burns and Stephen McNally. Formed in Liverpool in 1996, they sold over three million albums worldwide between 1999 and 2003. The band first achieved success when their single "Back Here" gained popularity in radio stations in Asia and they later signed with Hollywood Records in the U.S. The band reworked their debut album Sooner or Later for an American release in 2000, and the album charted at number 38 on the Billboard 200 chart with "Back Here" becoming a top 20 hit. BBMak's success in the American market helped the band finally break through in their home country.

In 2002, the group released their second album Into Your Head which charted at number 25 on the Billboard albums chart. In 2003, the group dissolved as each member went on to pursue solo careers. BBMak reunited in 2018 after a 15-year absence. They recorded and released a third studio album, Powerstation (2019).
Barbie in the 12 Dancing Princesses
Barbie in the 12 Dancing Princesses is a 2006 animated dance film. It premiered on Nickelodeon on September 10, 2006, and it was later released to DVD on September 19.

The film was directed by Greg Richardson and loosely based on the German fairy tale "The Twelve Dancing Princesses". It is the ninth entry in the Barbie film series and features the voice of Kelly Sheridan as the Barbie protagonist. This is the first Barbie film to be distributed by Universal Studios Home Entertainment in North America, to-which Universal's international subsidiary already handled distribution to the previous films under a deal with Entertainment Rights.

Music for the film was composed by Arnie Roth. "Shine", the end title song written by Roth, Amy Powers and Rob Hudnut, was nominated for a 2007 Emmy Award.

Arnie Roth
Arnold "Arnie" Roth (born April 28, 1953) is an American conductor, composer, and record producer, known for his expansive career in the music industry. Roth began his career as a professional violinist before founding AWR Music, where Roth became more involved as a producer of orchestral concerts and recordings. Roth is perhaps best known as the co-creator (along with composer Nobuo Uematsu) and Music Director of Distant Worlds: music from FINAL FANTASY, produced in collaboration with the video game company Square Enix. Distant Worlds has performed hundreds of sold-out concerts around the world and has produced seven full-length albums of orchestral Final Fantasy music. Roth's son Eric (born 1977) is also a famed conductor.
Joseph Kampé de Fériet
Marie-Joseph Kampé de Fériet (14 May 1893 – 6 April 1982) was a French mathematician at Université Lille Nord de France from 1919 to 1969. Besides his works on mathematics and fluid mechanics, he directed the Institut de mécanique des fluides de Lille (ONERA Lille) and taught fluid dynamics and information theory at École centrale de Lille from 1930 to 1969.

He devised the Kampé de Fériet functions, which further generalize the generalized hypergeometric functions.

He was an Invited Speaker of the ICM in 1928 at Bologna, in 1932 at Zurich, and in 1954 at Amsterdam.

University of Lille Nord de France
The Community of Universities and Institutions (COMUE) Lille Nord de France (formerly Université Lille Nord de France) was a French Groups of Universities and Institutions (COMUE) spread over multiple campuses and centered in Lille (North - Hauts-de-France). It included a European Doctoral College and federated universities, engineering schools and research centers. With more than one hundred thousand students, it was one of the largest university federations in France. The University of Lille, with nearly 70,000 students, was its main component. The COMUE stopped its activity in 2019 and its activities were transferred to its founding institutions.
Batawa Ski Hill
Batawa Ski Hill is a ski area in the municipality of Quinte West in eastern Ontario, Canada, that was established in 1959 (1959) by employees of Bata Shoes just outside the community of Batawa.  The area offers lighted night skiing, a terrain park, and snowshoeing. The ski hill operates one quad Chairlift and one T-Bar.

Batawa
Batawa is a small community in southeastern Ontario, Canada, in the city of Quinte West. It was set up by the Bata Shoe company as a planned community around a shoe factory, which opened in 1939 and closed in 2000.
Arthur and Merlin
Arthur and Merlin is a 2015 independent British feature film directed by Marco van Belle and written by Kat Wood and Marco van Belle. The film, which stars Kirk Barker, Stefan Butler, Nigel Cooke and David Sterne, is based on the original Celtic tales of Arthur and Merlin.

Kirk Barker
Kirk Barker (born 26 April 1983) is an English actor.

Beginning his career in stage productions of pantomime, Shakespeare, and musical theatre, he moved on to television work and finally to leading roles in feature films.
Viscount of Molelos
Viscount of Molelos (Portuguese: Visconde de Molelos) is a Portuguese title of nobility, created in 1826 by John VI of Portugal, for General Francisco de Paula Vieira da Silva de Tovar, 11th Lord of the Honour of Molelos and 1st Baron of Molelos, as a reward for his role in the Portuguese invasion of the Banda Oriental.

Although Francisco's descendant continued the title for a short while, the only daughter of António died in infancy and his closest living relatives (the descendants of his great-aunt Josefa Vieira da Silva de Tovar) continued as pretenders to the title.

Honour of Molelos
The Honour of Molelos (Honra de Molelos, in Portuguese) was a major lordship in Portugal. It was founded c.1455 by João Esteves da Veiga de Nápoles, heir to a Portuguese branch of the Capetian House of Anjou, the Nápoles family, in the name of his eldest son, Henrique Esteves da Veiga de Nápoles. It would survive until the extinction of the Portuguese lordships after the Liberal triumph of 1834.

The Lords of Molelos were created Viscounts of Molelos by king John VI of Portugal in 1826 and later Counts of Molelos by Miguel I.

Their historical seat has been the Palace (Paço) of Molelos, near Tondela.
Drogo, Duke of Brittany
Drogo was the count of Vannes and Nantes and duke of Brittany from 952, when he succeeded his father,  Alan Wrybeard, until his death in 958.

Drogo was a minor throughout his reign, and so he was under a Regency. Drogo's Regents were his uncle the Count of Blois, Theobald I (who entrusted the administration of the Duchy to Wicohen, Archbishop of Dol, and the Count of Rennes, Juhel Berengar) and his stepfather the Count of Anjou, Fulk II, who married the Wrybeard's widow.

The Chronique de Nantes suggests that Drogo was murdered on the orders of Fulk II, Count of Anjou.

County of Nantes
The counts of Nantes were originally the Frankish rulers of the Nantais under the Carolingians and eventually a capital city of the Duchy of Brittany. Their county served as a march against the Bretons of the Vannetais. Carolingian rulers would sometimes attack Brittany through the region of the Vannetais, making Nantes a strategic asset. In the mid-ninth century, the county finally fell to the Bretons and the title became a subsidiary title of the Breton rulers. The control of the title by the Breton dukes figured prominently in the history of the duchy. The County of Nantes was given to Hoel, a disinherited son of a duke. He lost the countship due to a popular uprising. That uprising presented an opportunity for King Henry II of England to attack the Breton duke. In the treaty ending their conflicts, the Breton duke awarded the county to Henry II.
Love Walked In
"Love Walked In" is a song composed by George Gershwin, with lyrics by Ira Gershwin. The tune was composed in 1930, but the lyric was not written until 1937, for the movie musical The Goldwyn Follies (1938), where it was sung by Danny Beecher (Kenny Baker). Hit versions include Sammy Kaye (1938), The Hilltoppers (1953), Ella Fitzgerald (1959), The Flamingos (1959) and Dinah Washington (1960). Artie Shaw recorded the song in the early 1940s.

The Flamingos
The Flamingos are an American doo-wop group formed in Chicago in 1953. The band became popular in mid-to-late 1950s and are best known for their 1959 cover version of "I Only Have Eyes for You". They have since been hailed as being one of the finest and most influential vocal groups in pop and doo wop music history. In 2001, the band was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.

The band's cover version of "I Only Have Eyes for You" was ranked number 158 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "500 Greatest Songs of All Time".
El Mahalla El Kubra
El Mahalla El Kubra (Arabic: المحلة الكبرى, Egyptian Arabic: [elmæˈħællæ lˈkobɾɑ]) – commonly shortened to El Maḥalla – is the largest city of the Gharbia Governorate and in the Nile Delta, with a population of 614,202 as of 2023. It is a large industrial and agricultural city in Egypt, located in the middle of the Nile Delta on the western bank of the Damietta Branch tributary. The city is known for its textile industry, and hosts the Misr Spinning and Weaving Company which employs around 27,000 people.

Nile Delta
The Nile Delta (Arabic: دلتا النيل, Delta an-Nīl or simply الدلتا, ad-Delta) is the delta formed in Lower Egypt where the Nile River spreads out and drains into the Mediterranean Sea. It is one of the world's largest deltas. From Alexandria in the west to Port Said in the east; it covers 240 km (150 mi) of the Mediterranean coastline and is a rich agricultural region. From north to south the delta is approximately 160 km (100 mi) in length. The Delta begins from Cairo.
Chorrillos District
Chorrillos (Spanish for "trickle of water"), founded as San Pedro de los Chorrillos, is a district of Lima Province in Lima, Peru. A middle-income residential district, it is located next to the Pacific Ocean and forms part of the city's area known as the Costa Verde, which is home to a number of beaches, as well as private clubs and the country's national military school.

It was founded as a deluxe beach resort in 1824, becoming a town in 1856. In 1881, during the War of the Pacific, it was destroyed and looted by the invading Chilean Army, after which it was rebuilt and incorporated into the city of Lima as it grew during the 20th century. The district's current mayor is Fernando Velasco Huamán.

Costa Verde (Peruvian region)
Costa Verde (Green Coast) is a geographical area made up of a coastal strip located in the bay of Lima in the cities of Lima and Callao. It covers from the outcrop of the La Punta peninsula in the district of La Punta, in Callao, to the La Chira hill in the district of Chorrillos, Lima.

The area is characterised by its cliffs, which in the upper part are located in the city of Lima, while in the lower part are the beaches facing the shores of the Peruvian sea. Due to its location, Lima stands out for being the only capital in South America that faces the Pacific Ocean.

Near the slopes of the cliff, in the lower part, is the semi-express vehicular route that allows access to several riverside districts. It also has cycle paths and pedestrian paths.
Angelo Poffo
Angelo John Poffo (April 10, 1925 – March 4, 2010) was an American professional wrestler and wrestling promoter. He ran International Championship Wrestling for a number of years, holding cards in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Arkansas. He is the father of "Macho Man" Randy Savage and "The Genius" Lanny Poffo and the father-in-law of Miss Elizabeth.

Cauliflower Alley Club
The Cauliflower Alley Club is a non-profit fraternal organization, which includes a newsletter and website, comprising both retired and active professional wrestlers and boxers in North America.

Established in 1965 by Mike Mazurki and Art Abrams, the organization hosts an annual reunion dinner which has traditionally been attended by celebrities and other professional athletes. Several historical Hollywood locations have been home to the reunion banquets such as the Masquer's Club, the Roosevelt Hotel and the Old Spaghetti Factory as well as The Riviera and the RMS Queen Mary.

Its registered symbol is a solid silver mold of Mazurki’s left ear, which was afflicted by cauliflower ear, a common permanent injury among athletes who compete in violent contact sports, one also pictured in its club logo, and its newsletter is accordingly named The EAR.
1964 San Marino general election
General elections were held in San Marino on 13 September 1964. The Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party remained the largest party, winning 29 of the 60 seats in the Grand and General Council, and continued their coalition with the Independent Democratic Socialist Party.

Grand and General Council
The Grand and General Council (Italian: Consiglio Grande e Generale; Romagnol: Grând e Gnèral Cunsèj) is the unicameral parliament of San Marino. The council has 60 members elected for a five-year term.
Patricia Scotland
Patricia Janet Scotland, Baroness Scotland of Asthal, PC, KC (born 19 August 1955), is a Dominican-British barrister and politician who served as the sixth secretary-general of the Commonwealth of Nations from 2016 to 2025. She was the first woman to hold that post.

After working as a barrister in London, she was appointed as a life peer in 1997 and, as a British Labour Party politician, served in ministerial positions within the UK Government, most notably as Attorney General for England and Wales and as Advocate General for Northern Ireland. She is a dual citizen of the United Kingdom and Dominica, where she was born.

Asthall
Asthall or Asthal is a village and civil parish on the River Windrush in the West Oxfordshire district, in Oxfordshire, about 6 miles (10 km) west of Witney. It includes the hamlets of Asthall Leigh, Field Assarts, Stonelands, Worsham and part of Fordwells.

The 2011 Census recorded the parish's population as 252. Asthall village is just south of the River Windrush, which also forms the southeastern part of its boundary. The remainder of the parish including all of its hamlets lie north of the river. A minor road through Fordwells forms most of the parish's northern boundary. Most of the remainder of the parish's boundary is formed by field boundaries.
Alton Limited
The Alton Limited (later known as simply the Limited) was the Chicago & Alton Railway's (C&A) flagship service between Chicago, Illinois. and St. Louis, Missouri. It was introduced in 1899 and re-equipped in 1905 and 1924. The name and service were discontinued in late 1971.

Alton Railroad
The Alton Railroad (reporting mark A) was the final name of a railroad linking Chicago to Alton, Illinois; St. Louis, Missouri; and Kansas City, Missouri. Its predecessor, the Chicago and Alton Railroad (reporting mark C&A), was purchased by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in 1931 and was controlled until 1942 when the Alton was released to the courts. On May 31, 1947, the Alton Railroad was merged into the Gulf, Mobile and Ohio Railroad. Jacob Bunn had been one of the founding reorganizers of the Chicago & Alton Railroad Company during the 1860s.

Main lines included Chicago to St. Louis and a branch to Kansas City. The former is now part of Union Pacific, with Metra Heritage Corridor commuter rail service north of Joliet (owned by the Canadian National Railway but used by UP). Today, the Kansas City line is part of the CPKC system.
John Paul College, Canberra
St John Paul II College is a systemic Roman Catholic co-educational high school located in the Canberra suburb of Nicholls in the Australian Capital Territory of Australia. The school is named in honour of Pope John Paul II.

The school caters for boys and girls from years 7-12 who live in  the Gungahlin area and nearby regional areas in New South Wales. The school is part of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Canberra and Goulburn.

Nicholls, Australian Capital Territory
Nicholls is a suburb in the Canberra, Australia district of Gungahlin. It was named after Sir Douglas Nicholls (1906–1988) who was born at Cummeragunja Aboriginal mission, New South Wales. Nicholls was a footballer, pastor, activist, and Governor of South Australia, 1976–1977. In line with the philosophy of naming Canberra's streets, those of Nicholls are named after sportspeople. The suburb incorporates a large shallow body of water, designated Gungahlin Pond, with The Lakes golf course and the greatest number of residential streets on one side and a small cluster of residential streets, the "pondside promenade", named after birds, on the other. There is no direct connecting road between the two.

Nicholls adjoins the suburbs of Kinlyside, Casey, Ngunnawal, Crace and Palmerston. The suburb is located approximately 2 km from the Gungahlin Town Centre and about 13 km from the centre of Canberra.
Shadow Lawn (Lincolnton, North Carolina)
Shadow Lawn is a historic home located at Lincolnton, Lincoln County, North Carolina.  It was built in 1826, and is a two-story, five-bay by two-bay, Federal-style brick mansion.  It has a gable roof, is set on a full basement, and features three exterior end chimneys.  It was the home of Congressman Charles R. Jonas (1904–1988), who purchased the property in 1935.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. It is located in the West Main Street Historic District.

Charles R. Jonas
Charles Raper Jonas (December 9, 1904 – September 28, 1988) was a U.S. Representative from North Carolina for ten terms (1953–1973). At the time of his election in 1952, he became the first Republican to represent his state in either house of the U.S. Congress since his own father, Charles A. Jonas, and George M. Pritchard left office in 1931.