hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pāvils Dreijmanis
Pāvils Dreijmanis (4 February 1895, Aloja, Russian Empire – 21 August 1953, Adelaide, Australia) was a Latvian architect and recipient of the Cross of Recognition medal and the Order of the Three Stars.

Aloja, Latvia
Aloja (German: Allendorf) is a town in Limbaži Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia, situated close to the border with Estonia.

Aloja as a settlement was first mentioned in written sources in 1449. Aloja saw rapid development after Latvian agrarian reforms in 1920. In 1925, Aloja was granted a status of a village, and it also became a centre of the parish. In 1936, the new Rīga- Rūjiena railway line was constructed through Aloja.
In 1992, Aloja was granted town rights. It was a part of Limbaži district until 2009. From 2009 until 2021, Aloja was the administrative center of the former Aloja Municipality.

Aloja is also the extra-territorial centre of the adjacent Aloja Parish, which until 2010 was the rural territory of the town of Aloja.
A Road with No End
A Road with No End (Indonesian: Jalan Tak Ada Ujung) is an Indonesian novel by Mochtar Lubis first published by Balai Pustaka in 1952. It takes place during the Indonesian war of independence and tells the story of Guru Isa, a schoolteacher who assists the guerrilla freedom fighters yet lives in fear.

Indonesian literature
Indonesian literature is a term grouping various genres of South-East Asian literature.

Indonesian literature can refer to literature produced in the Indonesian archipelago. It is also used to refer more broadly to literature produced in areas with common language roots based on the Malay language (of which Indonesian is one scion). This would extend the reach to the Maritime Southeast Asia, including Indonesia, but also other nations with a common language such as Malaysia and Brunei, as well as population within other nations such as the Malay people living in Singapore.

The phrase "Indonesian literature" is used in this article to refer to Indonesian as written in the nation of Indonesia, but also covers literature written in an earlier form of the language, i.e. the Malay language written in the Dutch East Indies. Oral literature, though a central part of the Indonesian literary tradition, is not described here.
The Baby Snakes
The Baby Snakes were an Irish rock band formed in 1985. The original line-up featured Frank Rynne, Niall O'Sullivan and Johnny Bonney. In October 1985 they recorded a radio session for Dave Fanning's RTÉ radio show and reached No. 13 in Fanning's Fab 50, an end-of-year listeners poll, in December 1985. Their first L.P., Sweet Hunger, featured Brian Downey from Thin Lizzy on drums. Their second L.P. was produced by Dave Goodman. In 1988, after a BBC Radio 1 session for Janice Long, the band moved to London with new drummer Stephen R Kennedy [now a hydro engineer in France] who previously played in a band headed by Noel Phelan (now a house DJ) where they played a mix of underground venues as well as The Marquee.

Brian Downey (drummer)
Brian Michael Downey (born 27 January 1951) is an Irish drummer. He was a founding member of the rock band Thin Lizzy and the only other constant in the band aside from leader Phil Lynott until their disbandment in 1983. Downey also co-wrote several Thin Lizzy songs. Allmusic critic Eduardo Rivadavia has argued that Downey is "certainly one of the most underrated [rock drummers] of his generation".
Kothapalli–Manoharabad line
The Kothapalli–Manoharabad line is a single-track broad-gauge railway line under construction in the Indian state of Telangana. Its purpose is to reduce the distance from Karimnagar to Hyderabad and provide railway connectivity to districts such as Siddipet and Sircilla. The line will connect Manoharabad to Kothapally in the South Central Railway zone.

The line roughly follows State Highway 17 from Manoharabad until it reaches Gajwel where it begins to follow State Highway 1 until Siddipet. It continues north to Sircilla, envisioned to allow easy access to the Raja Rajeswara Temple, Vemulawada and roughly following National Highway 365B. The line terminates at Kottapalli, which is near National Highway 563.

Manoharabad
Manoharabad is a Mandal of the Medak district, Telangana, India. its erstwhile  name was YENNELLI-Harishankergoud Ramunigari also generally called as Manoharabad Station. it also coincides with the Name of Manoharabad a village in Jakranpally Mandal of Nizamabad district in Telangana.
American Bicycle Association
The American Bicycle Association (ABA) was a US-based BMX racing governing body in Gilbert, Arizona. In 2011, the ABA merged with the former National Bicycle League and became the present-day USA BMX: The American Bicycle Association. The ABA was founded by Merl Mennenga and Gene Roden in 1977. Reportedly one of the world's largest BMX associations, it has tracks in the United States (under USA BMX) and in Canada (under BMX Canada).

BMX racing
BMX racing is a type of bicycle racing which features BMX riders sharing a short single-lap circuit or point-to-point course, with multiple banked corners, jumps and rollers. The format of BMX was derived from motocross racing, and sanctioned internationally by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), facilitated by a number of continental, national and local sanctioning bodies.
Ruger SR-Series
The Ruger SR-Series is a line of semi-automatic pistols manufactured by Sturm, Ruger & Company. At 1.18 in (30.0 mm) thick through the grip, it is touted by Ruger as one of the thinnest double-stack pistols available. The SR-series has been marketed as a backup/concealment weapon for law enforcement as well as for civilian concealed carry. The Ruger SR9 chambered for the 9×19mm Parabellum cartridge was introduced in October 2007, and the slightly smaller SR9c came out in January 2010. The Ruger SR40 chambered for the .40 S&W cartridge came out in October 2010, and the compact SR40c in June 2011.

Sturm, Ruger & Co.
Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc., better known by the shortened name Ruger, is an American firearm manufacturing company based in Southport, Connecticut, with production facilities also in Newport, New Hampshire; Mayodan, North Carolina; and Prescott, Arizona. The company was founded in 1949 by Alexander McCormick Sturm and William B. Ruger and has been publicly traded since 1969.

Ruger produces bolt-action, semi-automatic, and single-shot rifles, semi-automatic pistols, and single- and double-action revolvers.  According to the ATF statistics for 2022, Ruger is the largest firearm manufacturer in the United States, surpassing Smith & Wesson.
Roy and Silo
Roy and Silo (hatched 1987) were two male chinstrap penguins in New York City's Central Park Zoo. They were noted by staff at the zoo in 1998 to be performing mating rituals, and, in 1999, one of them attempted to hatch a rock as if it were an egg. This inspired zookeepers to give them an egg from a pair of penguins which could not hatch it, resulting in both of them raising a chick that was named Tango.

Tango herself was viewed in a similar situation with another female penguin. Roy and Silo drifted apart after several years, and in 2005, Silo paired with a female penguin called Scrappy. Roy and Silo's story has been made into a children's book and featured in a play. The practice of allowing pairs of male penguin couples to adopt eggs has been repeated in other zoos around the world. Both Tango and Roy have since died.

Chinstrap penguin
The chinstrap penguin (Pygoscelis antarcticus) is a penguin species that inhabits various islands and shores in the Southern Pacific and the Antarctic Oceans. Its name stems from the narrow black band under its head, which makes it appear as if it were wearing a black helmet. Due to its loud, harsh call, other common names include ringed penguin, bearded penguin, and stonecracker penguin.
Nenagh
Nenagh (/ˈniːnə/ NEE-nə; Irish: Aonach Urmhumhan, meaning 'the Fair of Ormond' (IPA: [ˈiː nˠəxˈʊɾˠəwũːənˠ]) or simply An tAonach 'the Fair') is the county town of County Tipperary in Ireland. Nenagh used to be a market town, and the site of the East Munster Ormond Fair.

Nenagh was the county town of the former county of North Tipperary. It became the second-largest urban centre in the amalgamated county, with a population of 9,895 in 2022. The town is in a civil parish of the same name.

Matt McGrath
Matthew John McGrath (December 28, 1875 – January 29, 1941) was a member of the Irish American Athletic Club, the New York Athletic Club, and the New York City Police Department. At the time of his death at age 64, he attained the rank of Police Inspector, and during his career received the NYPD's Medal of Valor twice. He competed for the U.S. team in the Olympics in 1908, 1912, 1920 and 1924 (at age 47). In his prime, he was known as "one of the world's greatest weight throwers."
Bankhead Tunnel
The Bankhead Tunnel, formally the John H. Bankhead Tunnel, is a road tunnel in Mobile, Alabama that carries Government Street under the Mobile River from Blakeley Island to the downtown Mobile business district.

It is named for John H. Bankhead, an Alabama politician and U.S. Senator (served 1907-1920) who was also the grandfather of actress Tallulah Bankhead.  It, like the larger George Wallace Tunnel (built 1969-1973) a few blocks downriver from it, was constructed in Mobile at the shipyards of the Alabama Drydock and Shipbuilding Company (ADDSCO), from 1938-1940. The eastern end of the Bankhead Tunnel features a large "flood door" that can be closed to prevent water from Mobile Bay flooding the tunnel during surges from hurricanes or tropical storms.  It was added to the Alabama Register of Landmarks and Heritage on January 25, 1977.

John H. Bankhead
John Hollis Bankhead (September 13, 1842 – March 1, 1920) was an American politician and Confederate Army soldier. A member of the Democratic Party, Bankhead served as U.S. Senator from the state of Alabama from 1907 until his death in 1920. Bankhead had additionally served in the United States House of Representatives, the Alabama Legislature, and as warden of the state penitentiary in Wetumpka.
Infra-exponential
A growth rate is said to be infra-exponential or subexponential if it is dominated by all exponential growth rates, however great the doubling time. A continuous function with infra-exponential growth rate will have a Fourier transform that is a Fourier hyperfunction.

Examples of subexponential growth rates arise in the analysis of algorithms, where they give rise to sub-exponential time complexity, and in the growth rate of groups, where a subexponential growth rate implies that a group is amenable.

A positive-valued, unbounded probability distribution  may be called subexponential if its tails are heavy enough so that: Definition 1.1

See Heavy-tailed distribution § Subexponential distributions.  Contrariwise, a random variable may also be called subexponential if its tails are sufficiently light to fall off at an exponential or faster rate.

Growth rate (group theory)
In the mathematical subject of geometric group theory, the growth rate of a group with respect to a symmetric generating set describes how fast a group grows.  Every element in the group can be written as a product of generators, and the growth rate counts the number of elements that can be written as a product of length n.
Wilson Central High School
Wilson Central High School is part of the Wilson County School System, and is located in Lebanon, Tennessee.

It serves: portions of Lebanon, all of Rural Hill, all of Gladeville, and portions of Mount Juliet south of Interstate 40.

Mount Juliet, Tennessee
Mt. Juliet (also referred to as Mount Juliet) is a city located in western Wilson County, Tennessee, United States. A suburb of Nashville, it is approximately 17 miles (27 km) east of downtown Nashville. Mt. Juliet is located mostly between two major national east-west routes, Interstate 40 and U.S. Route 70. As of the 2020 United States census, Mount Juliet has a population of approximately 39,289 people. Mt. Juliet is the largest city in Wilson County. The official city charter has the name listed as Mt. Juliet; however, the United States Postal Service lists its name as Mount Juliet.
Primrose International Viola Competition
The Primrose International Viola Competition (PIVC), also referred to as the Primrose Memorial Scholarship Competition (PMSC), is an international music competition for viola players sponsored by the American Viola Society and named for the 20th-century virtuoso William Primrose.

The 17th Primrose International Viola Competition was held June 17–22, 2024 at the Colburn School in Los Angeles.

Maurice Vieux International Viola Competition
The Maurice Vieux International Viola Competition (French: Le Concours International d'Alto Maurice Vieux) is an international music competition for viola players established in 1983 by the French viola society Les Amis de l'Alto. The competition is named for the French viola player and teacher Maurice Vieux.
Delta County Airport
Delta County Airport (IATA: ESC, ICAO: KESC, FAA LID: ESC) is a county-owned public-use airport located two nautical miles (3.7 km; 2.3 mi) southwest of the central business district of Escanaba, a city in Delta County, Michigan, United States. It offers limited commercial service, which is subsidized by the Essential Air Service program.

It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2021–2025, in which it is categorized as a non-hub primary commercial service facility.

The airport received $1 million from the US Department of Transportation in 2020 as part of the CARES Act to help mitigate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Delta County, Michigan
Delta County is a county in the Upper Peninsula in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,903. The county seat is Escanaba. The county was surveyed in 1843 and organized in 1861. Its name originates from the Greek letter delta (Δ), which refers to the triangular shape of the original county which included segments of Menominee, Dickinson, Iron, and Marquette counties. Recreation and forest products are major industries, and crops include hay, corn, small grains, potatoes, and strawberries.

Delta County comprises the Escanaba, MI Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Brand New Couch
"Brand New Couch" is the second season premiere of the American animated television series BoJack Horseman, and the 13th episode overall. It was written by Raphael Bob-Waksberg and directed by Amy Winfrey, and was released in the United States, along with the rest of season two, via Netflix on July 17, 2015. George Takei provides his voice in a guest appearance in the episode.

In 2015, the episode was nominated for Best Animated Television Production at the 43rd Annie Awards.

Amy Winfrey
Amy Winfrey (born October 1975) is an American animator, screenwriter, songwriter, director and voice actress. She is best known for creating the web series Making Fiends that was later picked up by Nickelodeon in 2008, and for directing several episodes of BoJack Horseman, including "The View from Halfway Down" and "Free Churro", which were each nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program at the 71st and 72nd Primetime Creative Arts Emmys.
St. Oscar Romero Catholic High School
St. Oscar Romero Catholic High School is in the Callingwood North neighbourhood in West Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.  It is operated by Edmonton Catholic School Division.  It is the Edmonton Catholic System's newest high school and is next to the Jamie Platz YMCA, Callingwood Twin Arenas, and Edmonton Public Library's Lois Hole Library.  The school is the first fully Wi-Fi high school in Edmonton.

The school opened in 2004 with the name Archbishop Oscar Romero High School and has been renamed twice as the sainthood of Óscar Romero progressed. The school became Blessed Oscar Romero High School in 2015 when Romero was beatified and gained its current name in 2018 after his canonization.

Callingwood North, Edmonton
Callingwood North, originally known as Callingwood Campus, is a neighbourhood in west Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It is bounded by the Lymburn neighbourhood across 178 Street to the west, the Thorncliff neighbourhood across Whitemud Drive to the north, the Westridge neighbourhood across 170 Street to the east, and the Callingwood South neighbourhood across 69 Avenue to the south.

The community is represented by the Callingwood-Lymburn Community League, established in 1979, which maintains a community hall and outdoor rink located at 187 Street and 72 Avenue.
Bedrule Castle
Bedrule Castle is a ruined 13th-century castle in the Rule Valley, in the Scottish Borders.

The castle was built in the 13th century by the Comyn family. During the 1st Wars of Scottish Independence Edward I of England (Longshanks) stayed one night in "Rule" on the 30th of September 1298. This was after the Battle of Falkirk and the follow-up actions of the English army during August 1298 in Ayrshire and Dumfriesshire. He had spent September resting and resupplying in friendly Carlisle and was on his way to besiege Jedburgh castle which surrendered on the 17th of October 1298.[1]

On the forfeiting of the Comyn lands in 1306, the castle passed to the Douglas family. The Douglases made the Turnbull family their tenants.

Clan Cumming
Clan Cumming (Scottish Gaelic: Na Cuimeinich [nə ˈkʰɯ̃mɛnɪç]), historically known as Clan Comyn, is a Scottish clan from the central Highlands that played a major role in the history of 13th-century Scotland and in the Wars of Scottish Independence. The Clan Comyn was once the most powerful family in 13th-century Scotland, until they were defeated in civil war by their rival to the Scottish throne, Robert the Bruce.
Yascha Mounk
Yascha Benjamin Mounk (born 10 June 1982) is a German-American political scientist and author. He is Associate Professor of the Practice of International Affairs at the School of Advanced International Studies at Johns Hopkins University in Washington, D.C. In July 2020, he founded Persuasion, an online magazine devoted to defending the values of free societies.

As a freelance journalist, Mounk has written for The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, Foreign Affairs, Slate, and the German weekly newspaper Die Zeit.

Persuasion (online magazine)
Persuasion is an American non-profit digital magazine and community focused on providing a forum for discussions of society, politics, and culture from a philosophically liberal perspective. Founded in July 2020 by political scientist and Atlantic contributing writer Yascha Mounk, the organization publishes an eponymous digital magazine, Persuasion; produces a weekly podcast, The Good Fight with Yascha Mounk; and hosts online events with speakers from across the political spectrum.

Pieces published by the Persuasion magazine are frequently reproduced internationally in translation in, among other outlets, the Italian daily Domani and the Spanish-language literary magazine Letras Libres. Articles have also appeared in translation in Krautreporter, L’Express, and other international media as well as being discussed on national television.
Pólya conjecture
In number theory, the Pólya conjecture (or Pólya's conjecture) stated that "most" (i.e., 50% or more) of the natural numbers less than any given number have an odd number of prime factors. The conjecture was set forth by the Hungarian mathematician George Pólya in 1919, and proven false in 1958 by C. Brian Haselgrove. Though mathematicians typically refer to this statement as the Pólya conjecture, Pólya never actually conjectured that the statement was true; rather, he showed that the truth of the statement would imply the Riemann hypothesis. For this reason, it is more accurately called "Pólya's problem".

The size of the smallest counterexample is often used to demonstrate the fact that a conjecture can be true for many cases and still fail to hold in general, providing an illustration of the strong law of small numbers.

Counterexample
A counterexample is a specific example that contradicts a claim, hypothesis, or generalization. In logic a counterexample disproves a universally stated claim, and does so rigorously in the fields of mathematics and philosophy. For example, the statement that "student John Smith is not lazy" is a counterexample to the generalization "students are lazy", and both a counterexample to, and disproof of, the universal quantification "all students are lazy."
Chalakkudikkaran Changathi
Chalakkudikkaran Changathi (transl. Friend from Chalakudy) is a 2018 Indian Malayalam-language drama film directed by Vinayan and written by Ummer Muhammed from a story by Vinayan. It stars Senthil Krishna, Honey Rose, Dharmajan Bolgatty, and Salim Kumar. The film was inspired by the life story of Kalabhavan Mani. Even after the death of Kalabhavan Mani, a CBI investigation probing on suspected homicide killing questioned this film director as there were no proof for someone added pesticides in the alcohol drank by Mani at his end time, this film director was in real life the director hari character in this film.

Kalabhavan Mani
Kunnisseri Veettil Raman Mani (1 January 1971 – 6 March 2016), better known by his stage name Kalabhavan Mani, was an Indian actor and singer. Mani started his career as a mimic with the Kalabhavan comedy troupe.  He had starred in over 250 films, including Malayalam, Tamil, Kannada, and Telugu films, and was renowned for his humorous characters and villain roles.

Mani won National Film Award – Special Jury Award and Kerala State Film Awards for his performance as Ramu in Vasanthiyum Lakshmiyum Pinne Njaanum (1999). He was the first actor from kerala who won the National Film Award - Special Jury Award in the history of Malayalam film industry.
Procious, West Virginia
Procious is an unincorporated community in Clay County, West Virginia, United States. Procious is located on the Elk River and West Virginia Route 4, 7 miles (11 km) west-northwest of Clay. Procious has a post office with ZIP code 25164.

Adam Procious, an early postmaster, gave the community his name.

The community was left in ruins by the 2016 West Virginia flood.

2016 West Virginia flood
On June 23, 2016, a flood hit areas of the U.S. state of West Virginia and nearby parts of Virginia, resulting in 23 deaths. The flooding was the result of 8 to 10 inches (200 to 250 mm) of rain falling over a period of 12 hours, resulting in a flood that was among the deadliest in West Virginia history. It was also the deadliest flash flood event in the United States since the 2010 Tennessee floods until both were surpassed by the 2022 Appalachian floods.
The Harbour of Dieppe
The Harbour of Dieppe is an 1825 landscape painting by the English artist J.M.W. Turner. It portrays a view of the harbour of Dieppe, a seaport on the Normandy coast of France.

It was displayed at the Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition of 1825 at Somerset House. A review in The Literary Magnet suggested Turner had produced "a brilliant experiment in colours, which displays all the magic of skill at the expense of all the magic of nature", both praising his artistic talents but criticising the lack of naturalism. Today it is in the Frick Collection in New York.

Dieppe
Dieppe (French pronunciation: [djɛp]; Norman: Dgieppe; prob. from Old English  dēōp or Old Norse djúpr 'deep') is a coastal commune in the Seine-Maritime department, Normandy, northern France.

Dieppe is a seaport on the English Channel at the mouth of the river Arques. A regular ferry service runs to Newhaven in England.

Famous for its scallops, Dieppe also has a popular pebbled beach, a 15th-century castle and the churches of Saint-Jacques and Saint-Remi. The mouth of the river Scie lies at Hautot-sur-Mer, directly to the west of Dieppe.

The inhabitants of the town of Dieppe are called Dieppois (m) and Dieppoise (f) in French.