hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kurathi Magan
Kurathi Magan is a 1972 Indian Tamil-language film directed by K. S. Gopalakrishnan. The film features Gemini Ganesan, K. R. Vijaya, Master Sridhar and Jayachitra introduced in the film, Shylashri, V. S. Raghavan, Suruli Rajan and Kamal Haasan in a brief role. R. Muthuraman plays a cameo. The film was released on 29 April 1972.

Shylashri
Shylashri is an Indian actress who acted in Kannada, Tamil,Telugu,Hindi, Malayalam, and Malay (Malaysian Launguage). She was awarded the Rajyotsava Award in 2019 for her contributions to Kannada Cinema.

Shylashri is known to be one of 3 daughters of a classical musician, Veena Gnanambal, who taught music in Annamalai University.
North Dakota Army National Guard
The North Dakota Army National Guard (ND ARNG) is headquartered at the Fraine Barracks in Bismarck, North Dakota, and consists of the 68th Troop Command, headquartered in Bismarck, and the 141st Maneuver Enhancement Brigade, headquartered in Fargo, North Dakota. Their main installation and armory is at Camp Grafton.

Camp Grafton
Camp Grafton is the main Army National Guard installation in North Dakota. The base, located near Devils Lake, North Dakota, was founded in 1904 as the Rock Island Military Reservation. In 1924, it was renamed after Lieutenant Colonel Gilbert C. Grafton, a prominent North Dakota National Guardsman who had served in the militia since the days of Dakota Territory, and died of disease in 1919. The name change was made official by executive order of the governor of North Dakota in 1952.
Alfred Grenander
Alfred Frederik Elias Grenander (26 June 1863 – 14 March 1931) was a Swedish architect, who became one of the most prominent engineers during the first building period of the Berlin U-Bahn network in the early twentieth century.

Berlin Alexanderplatz station
Berlin Alexanderplatz is a German railway station in the Mitte district of Berlin's city centre. It is one of the busiest transport hubs in the Berlin area, servicing surface-level trams and buses as well as the U-Bahn, S-Bahn, and regional rail. The station takes its name from its location on Alexanderplatz, near the Fernsehturm and the World Clock. It is open 24/7.
William Henry Playfair
William Henry Playfair FRSE (15 July 1790 – 19 March 1857) was a prominent Scottish architect in the 19th century who designed the Eastern, or Third, New Town and many of Edinburgh's neoclassical landmarks.

Donaldson's School
Donaldson's School is Scotland's national school for the deaf. Originally situated in Edinburgh, it moved to a new location in Linlithgow in 2008. It is a residential and day school that provides education, therapy and care for pupils who are deaf or who have communication difficulties.
35 East Main Street (Yarmouth, Maine)
35 East Main Street, also known as the Jeremiah Baker House, is a historic four-storey home at 35 East Main Street in the Lower Falls area of Yarmouth, Maine. Between 1780 and the turn of the 19th century, Lower Falls saw an increase in its population after early settlers gradually moved inland from the area around the Meetinghouse under the Ledge on Gilman Road. Built in 1848, possibly for William Stockbridge, before Yarmouth's secession from North Yarmouth, the home overlooks Yarmouth Marina, which was a bustling working harbor from the early to late 19th century, and the area of the harbor historically known as Grantville. It stands adjacent to the Johnathan True House.

One of its early owners was Jeremiah Baker, a shipbuilder, who lived here between 1857 and around 1871.

The building's above-ground brick basement was once used a store, named Oakes & Mitchell and run by Nathan Oakes and Daniel Mitchell.

Yarmouth Marina
Yarmouth Marina is a natural harbor and estuary of Casco Bay, and is located adjacent to the town of Yarmouth, Maine, United States. It is situated at the mouth of the Royal River, around 0.5 miles (0.80 km) southeast of the town center, in an area known as Lower Falls. Today it functions solely as a marina.

Historically a harbor, due to its proximity to the Atlantic Ocean, into which the Royal River flows via Casco Bay less than a mile away, ships were built in the harbor mainly between 1818 and the 1870s, at which point demand declined dramatically.
Dunragit
Dunragit (Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Reicheit) is a village on the A75, between Stranraer and Glenluce in Dumfries and Galloway, south-west Scotland. Dunragit is within the parish of Old Luce, in the traditional county of Wigtownshire. The modern village grew up around the west gate of Dunragit House, an 18th-century country house, though there is evidence of Neolithic settlement in the area.

Rheged
Rheged (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈr̥ɛɡɛd]) was one of the kingdoms of the Hen Ogledd ('Old North'), the Brittonic-speaking region of what is now Northern England and southern Scotland, during the post-Roman era and Early Middle Ages. It is recorded in several poetic and bardic sources, although its borders are not described in any of them.  Archaeological work from 2012 onwards on a site in Galloway in Scotland is interpreted by the excavators as showing that it is a royal centre of Rheged. Rheged possibly extended into Lancashire and other parts of northern England. In some sources, Rheged is intimately associated with the king Urien Rheged and his family. Its inhabitants spoke Cumbric, a Brittonic dialect closely related to Old Welsh.
Mary Lacity
Mary Cecilia Lacity (born May 27, 1963)[1] is a David D. Glass Chair and a distinguished professor of Information Systems at the University of Arkansas, Sam M. Walton College of Business.

Lacity was previously the Curators' Distinguished Professor of Information Systems and International Business Fellow at the University of Missouri–St. Louis. She also held the position of visiting scholar at the MIT Center for Information Systems Research. Additionally, she has held visiting positions at the London School of Economics, Washington University in St. Louis, and University of Oxford. Her research is in automation, outsourcing and blockchain.

Sam M. Walton College of Business
The Sam M. Walton College of Business (Walton College or Walton) is the business school at the University of Arkansas, a public research university in Fayetteville, Arkansas. Created in 1926, the college is the largest college at the University of Arkansas, serving nearly 10,000 students. Walton College offers undergraduate, master's, executive education, and doctoral programs and is known nationally for its strong programs in retail, entrepreneurship, information systems, and supply chain management. U.S. News & World Report consistently ranks Walton College among the top business schools in the country. The college has a close relationship with Walmart Stores, Inc., based in nearby Bentonville, Arkansas, and related vendor community.
Porites
Porites is a genus of stony coral; they are small polyp stony (SPS) corals. (Also referred to as finger coral or hump coral) They are characterised by a finger-like morphology. Members of this genus have widely spaced calices, a well-developed wall reticulum and are bilaterally symmetrical. Porites, particularly Porites lutea, often form microatolls. Corals of the genus Porites also often serve as hosts for Christmas tree worms (Spirobranchus giganteus).

Microatoll
A microatoll is a circular colony of coral, dead on the top but living around the perimeter. Growth is mainly lateral, as upward growth is limited by exposure to air. Microatolls may be up to 6 meters (20 ft) in diameter.  They are named for their resemblance to island atolls formed during the subsidence of volcanic islands, as originally suggested by Darwin (1842).

They act as natural recorders of sea level, which allows the monitoring of sea level changes in response to global warming. They have also been used to quantify and date changes in relative sea level in seismically active areas, and to provide information on changes in sea surface temperature using oxygen isotope values as a proxy.
Star (graph theory)
In graph theory, the star Sk is the complete bipartite graph K1, k, that is, it is a tree with one internal node and k leaves.  Alternatively, some authors define Sk to be the tree of order k with maximum diameter 2, in which case a star of k > 2 has k − 1 leaves.

A star with 3 edges is called a claw.

The star Sk is edge-graceful when k is even and not when k is odd. It is an edge-transitive matchstick graph, and has diameter 2 (when k > 1), girth  (it has no cycles), chromatic index k, and chromatic number 2 (when k > 0). Additionally, the star has large automorphism group, namely, the symmetric group on k letters.

Stars may also be described as the only connected graphs in which at most one vertex has degree greater than one.

Edge-graceful labeling
In graph theory, an edge-graceful labeling is a type of graph labeling for simple, connected graphs in which no two distinct edges connect the same two distinct vertices and no edge connects a vertex to itself.

Edge-graceful labelings were first introduced by Sheng-Ping Lo in his seminal paper.
Serbian–Hungarian Baranya–Baja Republic
The Serbian–Hungarian Baranya–Baja Republic (Hungarian: Baranya-Bajai Szerb-Magyar Köztársaság, Serbian: Српско-мађарска република Барања-Баја / Srpsko-mađarska republika Baranja-Baja) was a small, short-lived and Soviet-oriented state, proclaimed in Pécs on 14 August 1921, on occupied Hungarian territory during the peacemaking aftermath of the first World War, tolerated and fostered by the newly proclaimed Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes. Its territory included the geographical region of Baranya and the northern part of Bačka region, as well as a portion of the Banat.

Bačka
Bačka (Serbian: Бачка, pronounced [bâːtʃkaː]) or Bácska (pronounced [ˈbaːtʃkɒ]), is a geographical and historical area within the Pannonian Plain bordered by the river Danube to the west and south, and by the river Tisza to the east. It is divided between Serbia and Hungary. Most of the area is located within the Vojvodina region in Serbia and Novi Sad, the administrative center of Vojvodina, lies on the border between Bačka and Syrmia. The smaller northern part of the geographical area is located within Bács-Kiskun County in Hungary.
Batya Friedman
Batya Friedman is an American professor in the University of Washington Information School. She is also an adjunct professor in the Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering and adjunct professor in the Department of Human-Centered Design and Engineering, where she directs the Value Sensitive Design Research Lab. She received her PhD in learning sciences from the University of California, Berkeley School of Education in 1988, and has an undergraduate degree from Berkeley in computer science and mathematics.

University of Washington Information School
The Information School (abbreviated as iSchool) is the information school of the University of Washington, a public research university in Seattle, Washington. Formerly the Graduate School of Library and Information Sciences since 1984, the Information School changed its focus and name in 2001.

The school offers undergraduate and graduate programs, including a BS in Informatics, a Master of Library Science MLIS degree, a Master of Science in Information Management, a Museology MA, and a PhD in Information Science.
Stara Ushytsia
Stara Ushytsia (Ukrainian: Стара Ушиця; Yiddish: אַלט־אישיצע / אישיצע; Russian: Старая Ушица) is a rural settlement in Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, western Ukraine. Stara Ushytsia hosts the administration of Stara Ushytsia settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The settlement's population was 2,492 as of the 2001 Ukrainian Census. Current population: 2,057 (2022 estimate). 1,927 (2025 estimate).

Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion
Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion (Ukrainian: Кам'янець-Подільський район, romanized: Kamjanec'-Podil's'kyj rajon) is one of the three administrative raions (district) of Khmelnytskyi Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is located in the city of Kamianets-Podilskyi. Population: 279,789 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Khmelnytskyi Oblast was reduced to three, and the area of Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion was significantly expanded. Three abolished raions, Chemerivtsi, Dunaivtsi, and Nova Ushytsia Raions, as well as the city of Kamianets-Podilskyi, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 63,302 (2020 est.). Its population was 75,506 in the 2001 Ukrainian Census.
Ponniyin Selvan (2005 film)
Ponniyin Selvan (transl. The son of Ponni) is a 2005 Indian Tamil-language drama film written and directed by Radha Mohan. Produced by A. M. Rathnam, it stars his son Ravi Krishna, along with Gopika and Revathi, while Vidyasagar composed the music for the film. The film is unrelated to the same-titled novel by Kalki Krishnamurthy. It was released in Telugu as Muddula Koduku and additionally featured Uttej and Venu Madhav replacing the Tamil actors Elango Kumaravel and Mayilsamy, respectively.

A. M. Rathnam
A. M. Rathnam is an Indian film producer, lyricist, screenwriter, and director known for his works in Telugu and Tamil cinema. Under Sri Surya Movies Entertainment, a movie production house he owns in Hyderabad, he has produced blockbusters in Telugu such as Karthavyam (1990), Peddarikam (1992), Sneham Kosam (1999), and Kushi (2001). He ventured into Tamil cinema in 1996 with the blockbuster Indian, which was India's Official Entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the Academy Awards. He then produced films such as Natpukkaga, Kadhalar Dhinam,  Kushi, Run, Dhool, Kovil, Ghilli, 7G Rainbow Colony, Sivakasi, Dharmapuri, Arrambam, Yennai Arindhaal and Vedalam.
Warren Bolster
Warren Edward Bolster (June 11, 1947 in Arlington, Virginia – September 6, 2006 in Mokuleia, Hawaii) was an American skateboard photographer during the mid-1970s rebirth of skateboarding.

He was responsible for reviving Skateboarder Magazine, considered "the bible" of skate magazines, and his skateboarding photojournalism helped popularize and define the wheeled sport during its explosive rebirth in the 1970s. Later in his career, he became an accomplished surfboard photographer in Hawaii.

Skateboarder (magazine)
Skateboarder was a skateboarding publication that produced a limited run of hard copy versions that are sold in skateboard shops. The publication was the United States' first skateboarding magazine. in August 2013, its editor was Jaime Owens and its publisher was Jamey Stone. On August 19, 2013, the magazine's owner GrindMedia announced that the publication would cease production on October 15, 2013.
Canning railway station (India)
Canning railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway Station on the Canning Branch line. It is under the jurisdiction of the Sealdah railway division in the Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. It serves the local area of Canning in South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Canning, South 24 Parganas
Canning (Bengali: [kæn̪iŋ]) is a town of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is situated on the western banks of the Matla River. It is the headquarters of the Canning subdivision.
Barra dos Coqueiros
10°54′32″S 37°02′20″W﻿ / ﻿10.90889°S 37.03889°W﻿ / -10.90889; -37.03889
Barra dos Coqueiros (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈbaʁɐ dus koˈke(j)ɾus]) is a municipality Brazilian state of Sergipe. Its population was 30,930 (2020) and its area is 91 km2.

Sergipe
Sergipe (English: /ˌsɛərˈʒiːpi/, sair-ZHEE-pee ⓘ; Brazilian Portuguese: [sɛʁˈʒipi] ⓘ), officially the State of Sergipe, is a state of Brazil. Located in the Northeast Region along the Atlantic coast of the country, Sergipe is the smallest state in Brazil by geographical area at 21,910 square kilometres (8,460 mi2), larger only than the Federal District. Sergipe borders Bahia to the south and west and Alagoas to the north. Aracaju is the capital and the largest city in the state; the state is divided into 75 municipalities. The state has 1.1% of the Brazilian population and produces 0.6% of the Brazilian GDP.
Bjurö klubb
"Bjurö klubb" is a song by Swedish singer-songwriter Laleh. It was released as the third single from her album Me and Simon on 10 September 2009 and as a digital download on 14 September 2009. As her other songs, she has also written and produced this track. Despite the song's success, it didn't manage to break into the charts at the time of release. It has since reached number 38 on the Digilistan in December 2011 due to Laleh's appearance on Så mycket bättre.

"Bjurö klubb" is about the nature reserve in Skellefteå Municipality with the same name.

Me and Simon
Me and Simon is the third studio album by Swedish singer-songwriter Laleh, released on 21 January 2009 on Warner Music Sweden records. The album peaked at number two on the Swedish Albums Chart.

First single from the album is the track "Simon Says", followed by "Big City Love" and "Bjurö klubb". The album also contains the track "Snö", soundtrack from the Swedish movie Arn - The Knight Templar which was recorded by Laleh together with the London Symphony Orchestra.
As with her debut album, Laleh keeps her traditional language-mix in her music with having songs in both Swedish and English as well as Persian featured on the album. As well as her two previous albums, she has written and produced all of the songs from the album.
A Gift & a Curse
A Gift & a Curse is the fourth studio album by American rapper Gunna. It was surprise released through YSL Records and 300 Entertainment on June 16, 2023. Production on the album was handled by Turbo, Larrance Dopson, Cubeatz, and Fresh Ayr, among others. It was supported by two singles, "Bread & Butter" and "FukUMean", and serves as the follow-up to his previous album, DS4Ever (2022).

Turbo (music producer)
Chandler A. Great (born August 9, 1994), known professionally as Turbo, is an American record producer. He is best known for his production work for hip-hop artists including Gunna, Nav, Lil Durk, Travis Scott, Drake, Young Thug, and Lil Baby, among others. His producer tag, "Run that back, Turbo", can be heard in many of his productions. He produced Lil Baby and Gunna's 2019 single "Drip Too Hard", which received diamond certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).
Frederick Zeuner
Frederick Everard Zeuner (8 March 1905 – 5 November 1963) was a German palaeontologist and geological archaeologist who specialized on the Pleistocene epoch. He was a contemporary of Gordon Childe at the Institute of Archaeology of the University of London. Zeuner proposed a detailed scheme of correlation and dating of European climatic and prehistoric cultural events on the basis of Milankovitch cycles. He also worked on Orthopteran insects, with the bush cricket genus Zeuneriana named after him. He has been considered as a pioneer of environmental archaeology.

Zeuneriana
Zeuneriana is a genus of Palaearctic bush crickets in the tribe Platycleidini and now placed in the genus group Metrioptera F. E. Zeuner: after whom it was named by W. Ramme in 1951.  The recorded distribution of species is: mainland (especially southern and eastern) Europe, from Spain and France (especially the Pyrenees) through to the Balkans and Romania.
Ullswater Way
The Ullswater Way is a 20-mile (32 km) waymarked walking route around Ullswater in the English Lake District. It was created by a partnership which included The Lake District National Park Authority, the National Trust, Eden District Council, and Ullswater 'Steamers' and was opened on 25 April 2016 by broadcaster and film-maker Eric Robson. The idea of a path circumnavigating the lake had been considered for many years, but the 2015 Cumbria floods which devastated the area gave an incentive for the completion of the project.

The path is recognised by the Long Distance Walkers Association.

The path's symbol, used for waymarking, has a picture of a daffodil; it was on the shore of Ullswater that William Wordsworth saw the flowers which inspired his well-known poem "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud", often known simply as "Daffodils".

Ullswater
Ullswater is a glacial lake in Cumbria, England, and part of the Lake District National Park. It is the second largest lake in the region by both area and volume, after Windermere. The lake is about 7 miles (11 km) long, 0.75 miles (1 km) wide, and has a maximum depth of 63 metres (207 ft). Its outflow is River Eamont, which meets the River Eden at Brougham Castle before flowing into the Solway Firth. The lake forms part of the border between the traditional counties of Cumberland and Westmorland, and is today in the ceremonial county of Cumbria and the unitary authority area of Westmorland and Furness.
Naoe Kanetsugu
Naoe Kanetsugu (直江 兼続; 1559 – January 23, 1620) was a Japanese samurai of the 16th–17th centuries. The eldest son of Higuchi Kanetoyo, Kanetsugu was famed for his service to two generations of the Uesugi daimyōs. He was also known by his court title, Yamashiro no Kami (山城守) or his childhood name, Higuchi Kanetsugu (樋口 兼続).

Kanetsugu served first as a koshō (小姓) to Uesugi Kenshin. After Kenshin had died, he served as Karō to Kagekatsu, the adopted son of Kenshin. Kanetsugu's brother, Ōkuni Sanehiro, was also a famous Uesugi retainer.

Uesugi clan
The Uesugi clan (上杉氏, Uesugi-shi, historically also Uyesugi) is a Japanese samurai clan which was at its peak one of the most powerful during the Muromachi and Sengoku periods (14th to 17th centuries). At its height, the clan had three main branches: the Ōgigayatsu, Inukake, and Yamanouchi. Its most well-known member is the warlord Uesugi Kenshin (1530–1578).

During the Edo period, the Uesugi were a tozama or outsider clan, in contrast with the fudai or insider daimyō clans which had been hereditary vassals or allies of the Tokugawa clan.
Operator norm
In mathematics, the operator norm measures the "size" of certain linear operators by assigning each a real number called its operator norm. Formally, it is a norm defined on the space of bounded linear operators between two given normed vector spaces. Informally, the operator norm  of a linear map  is the maximum factor by which it "lengthens" vectors. It is also called the bound norm.

Lp space
In mathematics, the Lp spaces are function spaces defined using a natural generalization of the p-norm for finite-dimensional vector spaces. They are sometimes called Lebesgue spaces, named after Henri Lebesgue (Dunford & Schwartz 1958, III.3), although according to the Bourbaki group (Bourbaki 1987) they were first introduced by Frigyes Riesz (Riesz 1910).

Lp spaces form an important class of Banach spaces in functional analysis, and of topological vector spaces. Because of their key role in the mathematical analysis of measure and probability spaces, Lebesgue spaces are used also in the theoretical discussion of problems in physics, statistics, economics, finance, engineering, and other disciplines.