hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xiao Dong
Xiao Dong (Chinese: 蕭棟; died 3 May 552), courtesy name Yuanji (元吉), sometimes known by his pre-ascension title of Prince of Yuzhang (豫章王), was briefly an emperor of the Chinese Liang Dynasty.  In 551, with the general Hou Jing in control of the imperial government at the capital Jiankang, Hou, wanting to show off his strength, deposed Xiao Dong's granduncle Emperor Jianwen and replaced him with Xiao Dong, the grandson of Emperor Jianwen's older brother Xiao Tong, who was originally the founder Emperor Wu's crown prince.

During his brief reign, Xiao Dong was entirely under Hou's control.  Just two and a half months after Xiao Dong became emperor, Hou forced him to yield the throne to himself, who took the throne as the Emperor of Han. In May 552, troops under Wang Sengbian, a general loyal to Xiao Dong's granduncle Xiao Yi retook Jiankang, and the general Zhu Maichen (朱買臣), under Xiao Yi's instructions, threw Xiao Dong and his two brothers into the Yangtze River to drown.

Liang dynasty
The Liang dynasty (Chinese: 梁朝; pinyin: Liáng Cháo), alternatively known as the Southern Liang (Chinese: 南梁; pinyin: Nán Liáng) or Xiao Liang (Chinese: 蕭梁; pinyin: Xiāo Liáng) in historiography, was an imperial dynasty of China and the third of the four Southern dynasties during the Northern and Southern dynasties period. It was preceded by the Southern Qi dynasty and succeeded by the Chen dynasty. The rump state of Western Liang existed until it was conquered in 587 AD by the Sui dynasty.
Robert Murray (physician)
Robert Murray (August 6, 1822 – January 1, 1913) was a physician and career officer in the United States Army.  He attained the rank of brigadier general, and served as Surgeon General of the United States Army from 1883 to 1886.From 1910 to 1911 he was vice president,from 1911 to 1912 president of the Aztec Club of 1847.

Elkridge, Maryland
Elkridge is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Howard County, Maryland, United States. Elkridge is a rapidly growing area; between the 2010 and the 2020 census, the population had grown from 15,593 to 25,171. Founded early in the 18th century, Elkridge is adjacent to two other counties, Anne Arundel and Baltimore.
Andrew Lee (entrepreneur)
Andrew S. Lee (born December 1983) is an American entrepreneur and the founder of the VPN service Private Internet Access, which started in 2010. Lee has been the self-proclaimed King of the non-territorial Joseon Cybernation, recognized by Antigua and Barbuda as the successor state to Joseon and the Korean Empire in 2023,, and he is, in media, known as "Crown Prince of Korea" after being adopted by Yi Seok, a grandson of Emperor Gojong of Korea.

Freenode
Freenode, stylized as freenode and formerly known as Open Projects Network, is an IRC computer network which was previously used to discuss peer-directed projects. Their servers are accessible from the hostname chat.freenode.net, which load balances connections by using round-robin DNS.

On 19 May 2021, Freenode underwent what some staff described as a "hostile takeover" and at least 14 volunteer staff members resigned. Following the events, various organisations using Freenode – including Arch Linux, CentOS, FreeBSD, the Free Software Foundation, Free Software Foundation Europe, Gentoo Linux, KDE, LineageOS, Slackware, Ubuntu, and the Wikimedia Foundation – moved their channels to Libera Chat, a network created by former Freenode staff. Others like Haiku or Alpine Linux moved to the Open and Free Technology Community (OFTC). By 16 August 2021, over a thousand projects had left Freenode.
Robin Field
Robin Field (16 September 1935 – 11 April 2024) was a British composer, a member of the Lakeland Composers group that also includes Arthur Butterworth, Gary Higginson and David Jennings.

Born in Redditch, Worcestershire, Field received early tuition from Hugh Allen in Worcester, then studied with James Murray Brown in London and Durham, and Thomas Pitfield in Manchester. Field combined his compositional activity with a full time career as an industrial chemist. He moved to the Lake District in 1962.

His worklist of over 160 compositions includes a Violin Concerto, an Oboe Concerto, the Fantasia Concertante on a Theme of Guillaume de Machaut for oboe and strings (North West Arts Award, 1971), eight string quartets, three piano sonatas, choral music (such as O Magnum Mysterium, for mixed chorus and organ) and songs. Among the songs are several cycles, such as When I Was One and Twenty (Housman) and A Sudden Revelation (Kenneth Steven).

Thomas Pitfield
Thomas Baron Pitfield (5 April 1903 – 11 November 1999) was a British polymath, primarily remembered as a composer, but also a poet, artist, engraver, calligrapher, master craftsman, furniture builder and teacher.
Calendar Days
Calendar Days is The Rocket Summer's first full-length album, released in 2003. In Japan, this album included a bonus track titled "She's a Seven" which was later released in the US on The Early Years EP. The album title comes from the track "TV Family".

The Rocket Summer
The Rocket Summer is the solo project of Bryce Avary, a multi-instrumentalist, singer-songwriter, and record producer based in Dallas–Fort Worth, Texas.

He has released eight studio albums and several EPs. His fifth release, 2012's Life Will Write the Words, reached No. 58 on The Billboard 200 and No. 12 on Billboard Top Modern Rock/Alternative Albums chart as well as No. 12 on Top Independent Albums chart. His fourth release, Of Men and Angels, held the No. 1 Top Album spot on iTunes upon its release in 2010. AP Magazine called him one of "100 bands you need to know."
Junín de los Andes
Junín de los Andes is a first category municipality and administrative center of the Huiliches Department  in the province of Neuquén, Argentina. It is located in the south of the province, by the Chimehuin River, on National Route 40, about 35 km (22 mi) north of San Martín de los Andes and 17 km (11 mi) from the Chapelco Airport, which services the area.

Founded in 1883 as a fortress during the Conquest of the Desert, it is the oldest town in the province. It developed as a cattle border town. A mixture of the native Mapuche people's and the Argentine pioneers' influence can be seen in the local culture. Over the years, it became a tourism center near the Lanín National Park and the surrounding Andean lakes. In spring and summer, it is a common place for birdwatching, fishing and other outdoor activities, being considered Argentina's national trout fishing capital.

Chimehuin River
The Chimehuin River is a river in the northwest of the Patagonic Province of Neuquén, Argentina. Its origin is at Lake Huechulafquen and it passes by the city of Junín de los Andes. After a course of about 53 km, it merges with the Aluminé River to form the Collón Curá River.

The Chimehuin is considered a prime spot for fly fishing. It is known for its two introduced species of Salmonidae, the brown trout and the rainbow trout.

The area around first part of the river's course (from the lake up to a few kilometers before Junín de los Andes) is a protected nature reserve (Área Natural Protegida Boca del Chimehuin).
2006–07 Armenian Hockey League season
The 2006–07 Armenian Hockey League season was the sixth season of the Armenian Hockey League, the top level of ice hockey in Armenia. Five teams participated in the league, and Urartu Yerevan won the championship.

Armenian Hockey League
The Armenian Hockey League (AHL) (Armenian: Հայաստանի հոկեյի լիգա, romanized: Hayastani hokeyi liga) is the highest level of ice hockey competition in Armenia. The league was founded in 2000 and currently consists of five teams: Yerevan Lions, Sharks, Pyunik, Peppers, and Falcons.
Piparpati Ek
Piparpati Ek is a village and Village Development Committee  in Bara District in the Narayani Zone of south-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2,106 persons living in 314 individual households.

Bara District
Bara District (Nepali: बारा जिल्ला Listenⓘ) is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal, located in the western part of the Madhesh Province. The district is third richest district in Nepal after Kathmandu and Morang with 3.3% share of total GDP of Nepal and highest per capita income in Madhesh province. Kalaiya serves as the district's headquarter. Bakaiya, Jamuniya, Pasaha, Dudhaura and Bangari are the main rivers of Bara. The main languages spoken in the district are Tharu, Bhojpuri, Bajjika, and Nepali.
Submarine Squadron 4
Submarine Squadron 4 ( SUBRON 4, also known as CSS-4) is a US Navy unit of submarines.

Raised by the United States Navy in 1930, since 9 July 1997, the squadron has been based at the Naval Submarine Base New London, Groton, Connecticut, United States of America.

Naval Submarine Base New London
Naval Submarine Base New London is the primary United States Navy East Coast submarine base, also known as the "Home of the Submarine Force." It is located in Groton, Connecticut, directly across the Thames River from its namesake city of New London.
Miles Burris
Miles James Burris (born June 27, 1988) is an American actor and former professional football linebacker who played for the Oakland Raiders from 2012 to 2014. He played college football at San Diego State and was selected in the fourth round of the 2012 NFL draft by the Oakland Raiders. In his rookie season, Burris immediately became a regular part of the Raiders' defense, starting all but one game that season. He has also worked as an actor, appearing in the Disney+ film Safety as well as HBO’s The Righteous Gemstones and the Netflix series Lucifer.

San Diego State Aztecs football
The San Diego State Aztecs football team is the college football program that represents San Diego State University (SDSU). The Aztecs compete in NCAA Division I (FBS) as a member of the Mountain West Conference (MW). The team plays its home games at Snapdragon Stadium.

Beginning play in 1921, the Aztecs first went to a bowl game in 1948 and first won a major college bowl game in 1969. The Aztecs have won 21 conference championships and are 10–10 all time in post-season bowl games.

Notable alumni include Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees Marshall Faulk, John Madden, and Joe Gibbs.
Midnight Sun (Herb Alpert album)
Midnight Sun is an album of late-night jazz standards recorded by Herb Alpert. This was Alpert's final release of newly recorded music for A&M Records in 1992. It would also mark the 30th anniversary of A&M Records.

Featured tracks include "Friends" (an original composition featuring a duet with the late Sax legend Stan Getz recorded in 1990), as well as an orchestral arrangement of the hit "A Taste of Honey". Alpert offers two vocal efforts, "Someone to Watch Over Me", and a new version of "I've Grown Accustomed to Her Face". The album closes with "Smile", co-written by Charlie Chaplin, whose legendary lot became the home of the A&M Studios back in 1966.

Eddie del Barrio
Eduardo Gutiérrez del Barrio, known professionally as Eddie del Barrio, is an Argentinian composer, arranger, songwriter, and pianist. He is a founding member of the jazz fusion band Caldera. He has collaborated with Earth, Wind & Fire, Stan Getz, Herb Alpert, and Dianne Reeves.
Joanna (typeface)
Joanna is a serif typeface designed by Eric Gill (1882–1940) from 1930 to 1931 that was named for one of his daughters. Gill chose Joanna for setting An Essay on Typography, a book by Gill on his thoughts on typography, typesetting and page design. He described it as "a book face free from all fancy business".

An Essay on Typography
An Essay on Typography is a 1931 book by Eric Gill about the history of typographical art and production. It has been considered a classic since its first publication. The influential graphic designer Paul Rand called it 'timeless and absorbing' in a review for The New York Times.

The first edition of the book was typeset by Gill himself in his own Joanna typeface, which made use of typographical features similar to those seen on handwritten manuscripts.
Astragalus andersonii
Astragalus andersonii is a species of milkvetch known by the common name Anderson's milkvetch. It is native to eastern California and western Nevada, where it is found in the plateaus at the foot of the Sierra Nevada, including the Modoc Plateau.  It was named after Charles Lewis Anderson by Asa Gray.

Charles Lewis Anderson
Charles Lewis Anderson (1827–1910) was an American medical doctor who, in addition to the practice of medicine, made important contributions to fields of natural history, especially botany. Educated in Indiana, he spent most of his professional life in the upper Midwest and West (Hennepin Co., Minnesota; Carson City, NV; and Santa Cruz, CA). Many plants collected by him were subsequently named in his honor.  He wrote about local natural history, and actively engaged in public service in places where he resided.
Caleb McConnell
Caleb McConnell (born June 8, 1999) is an American professional basketball player for the Rio Grande Valley Vipers of the NBA G League. He played college basketball for the Rutgers Scarlet Knights, where he played in the second round of the 2021 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, became the team's steals leader at the first round of the 2023 National Invitation Tournament and won the Reese's College All-Star Game with the West. He ended that year with 221 steals and 972 points.

In the Big Ten Conference, he held the season record for steals twice. He was named their Defensive Player of the Year in 2022 and shared the award in 2023 with Chase Audige. Throughout 2023, McConnell won the Lefty Driesell Award and was in the top four with the Naismith Defensive Player of the Year Award. Outside of college, he played with the Oklahoma City Thunder during 2023 in the NBA Summer League. With the Oklahoma City Blue, McConnell was a 2024 G-League champion.

Rutgers Scarlet Knights men's basketball
The Rutgers Scarlet Knights men's basketball team represents Rutgers University in NCAA Division I college basketball competition and competes in the Big Ten Conference. Rutgers made the NCAA Final Four in 1976. Rutgers has appeared in the NCAA tournament eight times, most recently appearing in 2022. Rutgers has produced many NBA players, most notably Roy Hinson, John Battle, and James Bailey. In 2025, Dylan Harper and Ace Bailey made history in the 2025 NBA Draft being selected as the highest Scarlet Knights drafted in the NBA Draft being drafted with the Second and Fifth pick respectively.
Wolthausen
Wolthausen is a village (Ortsteil) in the municipality of Winsen (Aller) in the district of Celle in the north German state of Lower Saxony. It lies on the River Örtze in the Aller valley and on the B 3 federal road.

Örtze
Örtze (German pronunciation: [ˈœʁt͡sə] ⓘ) is a river of Lower Saxony, Germany. The Örtze rises north of Munster in the Große Heide (in the Raubkammer federal forest) and, after 62 kilometres (39 mi), joins the Aller southeast of Winsen.
Cisco, Minnesota
Cisco is a place name for the remnants of a former unincorporated community located along the Soo Line Railroad and US 59 in the northwestern quarter of Section 11 of Badger Township, 149 North, Range 42 West, in Polk County,  Minnesota, United States, approximately four miles north of the city of Erskine, and about the same distance south of the city of Brooks.

Cisco was still in use as a place name by local people as late as 1990, but now is but a dim memory among some of the old-timers.

Badger Township, Polk County, Minnesota
Badger Township is a township in Polk County, Minnesota, United States. It is part of the Grand Forks-ND-MN Metropolitan Statistical Area. Under the United States Public Land Survey System it is a survey township identified as Township 149 North, Range 42 West, Fifth Principal Meridian. The population was 166 at the 2000 census.
John Alexander Ahl
John Alexander Ahl (August 16, 1813 – April 25, 1882) was a surgeon, real estate developer, paper mill and iron furnace operator, railroad executive and United States Congressman from Pennsylvania. He was born in Strasburg, Pennsylvania in 1813.

Strasburg, Pennsylvania
Strasburg is a borough in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States. It developed as a linear village stretching approximately 2 miles (3 km) along the Great Conestoga Road, later known as the Strasburg Road. The population was 3,117 at the 2020 census.

The town was named after the then German city of Strasbourg, (today part of France) the native home of an early settler.
The town is often called "Train Town USA" because of the many railroad attractions in and around town, including the Strasburg Rail Road and the Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania. Much of the movie Witness was filmed on a farm nearby. Much of the borough was listed as a historic district by the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.
Philcon
Philcon, also known as the "Philadelphia Science Fiction Conference", is an annual three-day science fiction convention held at the Doubletree by Hilton Hotel in Cherry Hill, New Jersey (formerly the Crowne Plaza Hotel). The convention is run by the Philadelphia Science Fiction Society (PSFS). The 1936 Philcon is claimed to be the world's first science fiction convention.

Philadelphia Science Fiction Society
Philadelphia Science Fiction Society (PSFS) is a science fiction club in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Established in 1936, PSFS is the second oldest extant group in science fiction fandom, and hosted what is considered by some to be the first science fiction convention. Anyone living in the greater Philadelphia area and interested in science fiction, fantasy, horror, whether written or on TV or in the movies; SF, fantasy, and horror art; gaming, board games or video games; comic books/graphic novels; and related arts is welcome.

The PSFS Constitution requires that a person must have attended three meetings before being voted into membership. The traditional club greeting for a person voted in is, "Pay your dues!" shouted in unison.
Patrice Contamine de Latour
Patrice Contamine de Latour (17 March 1867 – 24 May 1926), born in Tarragona as José Maria Vicente Ferrer Francisco de Paola Patricio Manuel Contamine and published as J. P. Contamine de Latour, was a Spanish poet who lived in Paris.

He was a friend of composer Erik Satie, whose famous piano suites Sarabandes (1887) and Gymnopédies (1888) were inspired by his poetry. Satie wrote a short comic opera, Geneviève de Brabant, with text by de Latour written under the pseudonym "Lord Cheminot", and also composed the piano piece Le poisson rêveur (The Dreamy Fish) to accompany a lost tale by de Latour. Satie's Petit prélude de 'La Mort de Monsieur Mouche' was written as an introduction to a play by Latour and Satie's unfinished tone poem Le Bœuf Angora was based on Latour's works.

Latour died in Paris.

Petit Prélude de 'La Mort de Monsieur Mouche'
The Petit Prélude de 'La Mort de Monsieur Mouche' (A Little Prelude to "The Death of Mr. Fly") is a 1900 piano composition by Erik Satie. It was written to introduce a three-act play by J. P. Contamine de Latour, writing under the pseudonym "Lord Cheminot". The play itself is lost and Satie's music went unpublished for many years.
In performance the piece lasts under 2 minutes.

This unassuming miniature marked the first time Satie used ragtime syncopations, making him a forerunner amongst European composers in exploring early American jazz.
Ngqungqushe kaNyawuza
King-Ngqungqushe ka-Nyawuza he was the 20th monarch of the Ama-Mpondo state of modern-day Eastern Cape now in South Africa. He succeeded his father, King-Nyawuza ka-Thahle, on 18 June 1782 and he reigned until his death on 28 April 1818.

During what was an eventful reign, the Grosvenor, East Indiaman a British vessel ran aground on 4 August 1782 at the coast of the land of this region at a Lambasi with 123 survivors, causing consternation on King-Ngqungqushe ka-Nyawuza leading him to order the survivors to be slain for fear of them ravaging his people and stealing cattle. This is despite the fact that a smaller number of survivors on previous shipwrecks, (the Sao Jao, the Sao Bento, etc.) would be assimilated into the Mpondo cultural way of life and sometimes assisted to get to their destination by the hospitable but fierce ama-Mpondo-kingdom.

Mpondo people
The Mpondo people, or Ama-Mpondo, belong to a kingdom in what is now the Eastern Cape. It was established on the 28th of March 1028 AD when the founder was just 28 years old. The Ama-Mpondo-Nation was first ruled by its founder who was King-Mpondo ka-Njanya (1000-1082), and ruled from 1028 until his death in 1082; later the 'Ama-Nyawuza' clan was established by King-Nyawuza Ka-Thahle one of his descendants that ruled centuries after his own death (a royal clan from his time when he ruled the Ama-Mpondo-Nation), by nationality referred to themselves as 'Ama-Mpondo'. They are related to other Aba-Mbo kingdoms and chiefdoms in South Africa.
Socorro, Quezon City
Socorro (PSGC: 137404115 Archived July 12, 2018, at the Wayback Machine) is a barangay located in Quezon City, Philippines, within the commercial district of Cubao. As of the 2019 census, the barangay has a population of 25,073 people. The barangay is home to Araneta City and Smart Araneta Coliseum, one of the largest indoor arenas in the world.

EDSA
Epifanio de los Santos Avenue, commonly referred to by its acronym EDSA (Tagalog: [ˈʔɛd.sɐ]), is a major circumferential road around Metro Manila, Philippines. It passes through 6 of Metro Manila's 17 local government units or cities, namely, from north to south, Caloocan, Quezon City, San Juan, Mandaluyong, Makati, and Pasay.

Named after academic Epifanio de los Santos, the section of the road from Balintawak Interchange in Quezon City to Magallanes Interchange in Makati connects the North Luzon Expressway (NLEX) and South Luzon Expressway (SLEX). The avenue passes through the major financial districts of the metropolis which are Triangle Park, Araneta City, Ortigas Center, Makati CBD, and Bay City. It is the longest and the most congested highway in the metropolis, stretching some 23.8 kilometers (14.8 mi).
Tigania West Constituency
Tigania West Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of nine constituencies of Meru County. The constituency has five wards, all of which elect Members of County Assembly (MCAs) for the Meru County Assembly. The constituency was established for the 1997 elections.

It was one of four constituencies of the former Meru North District.

Meru County
Meru County is one of the 47 counties of Kenya located in the Northern Mount Kenya region. It borders Isiolo County to the north, Tharaka-Nithi County to the South, Nyeri County to the southwest and Laikipia County to the west. Meru County has a population of 1.35 million people. It is home to the Meru people.. The County headquarters and largest town is Meru

The current governor of Meru County is Isaac Mutuma M'ethingia
Lyncina schilderorum
Lyncina schilderorum, common names the sandy cowry or Schilder's cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries. This species was named in honor of Franz and Maria Schilder, two German cowry biologists (hence the Latin name Schilderorum, meaning Schilders' ).

Franz Alfred Schilder
Franz Xaver Alfred Johann Schilder (born 13 April 1896 in Královské Vinohrady, now a district of Prague, died 11 August 1970 in Halle ) was an Austrian-born German biologist, taxonomist, malacologist and honorary professor of animal geography.