hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marie Rainford
Marie Rainford was an American film actress.

She appeared in A Prize Package (1912), directed by Siegmund Lubin and starring Eleanor Caines, Jerold T. Hevener and Jack Barrymore; and The Decoy (1914), starring Charles Horan.

A Prize Package
A Prize Package is a 1912 American silent black and white comedy film produced by Siegmund Lubin.

It's a lost film on one reel. The film was produced by the Philadelphia-based Lubin Manufacturing Company and was lost in an explosion and fire at the Lubin vaults in 1914.
Birchgrove ferry wharf
Birchgrove ferry wharf (also known as Yurulbin Point ferry wharf and, formerly, Longnose Point ferry wharf) is located on Sydney Harbour serving the Sydney suburb of Birchgrove. It is served by Sydney Ferries Cockatoo Island services operating between Circular Quay and Cockatoo Island. The single wharf is served by First Fleet, SuperCat and Emerald class ferries.

Birchgrove is also served by Captain Cook Cruises Lane Cove River services. Located near the wharf is a board which tells the Aboriginal history of the area.

The wharf was closed for a major upgrade on 17 October 2017, reopening on 24 April 2018.

Captain Cook Cruises (Australia)
Captain Cook Cruises is an Australian cruise operator. As of January 2018, the company operated 21 vessels on Sydney Harbour, providing a range of government-contracted and non-contracted ferry services, sightseeing, dining and charter cruises.
Gmina Lesko
Gmina Lesko is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Lesko County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Lesko, which lies approximately 67 kilometres (42 mi) south of the regional capital Rzeszów.

The gmina covers an area of 111.58 square kilometres (43.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 11,603 (out of which the population of Lesko amounts to 5,864, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,739).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Słonne Mountains Landscape Park.

Słonne Mountains Landscape Park
Słonne Mountains Landscape Park (Park Krajobrazowy Gór Słonnych) is a protected area (Landscape Park) in south-eastern Poland, established in 1992, covering an area of 513.92 square kilometres (198.43 sq mi). It lies in the Słonne Mountains (Polish: Góry Słonne, literally "salt (brine) mountains") in the Eastern Carpathians (Carpathian Plateau).

Administratively the Park is within Subcarpathian Voivodeship: in Bieszczady County (Gmina Ustrzyki Dolne), Lesko County (Gmina Lesko, Gmina Olszanica) and Sanok County (Gmina Sanok, Gmina Tyrawa Wołoska).

Within the Landscape Park are nine nature reserves.
49°37′N 22°14′E﻿ / ﻿49.617°N 22.233°E﻿ / 49.617; 22.233
Lipie, Kutno County
Lipie [ˈlipjɛ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Łanięta, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) south-west of Łanięta, 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Kutno, and 63 km (39 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Łanięta
Gmina Łanięta is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Łanięta, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north-west of Kutno and 65 km (40 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 54.76 square kilometres (21.1 sq mi), and the total population of Gmina Łanięta was 2,673, as of 2006.
National Street/Elgin station
National Street is one of three stations on Metra's Milwaukee District West Line in Elgin, Illinois. The station is 36.0 miles (57.9 km) away from Chicago Union Station, the eastern terminus of the line. In Metra's zone-based fare system, National Street is in zone 4. As of 2018, National Street is the 89th busiest of Metra's 236 non-downtown stations, with an average of 584 weekday boardings. National Street was also used by commuter trains of the Milwaukee Road, the predecessor to Metra.

As of February 15, 2024, National Street is served by 45 trains (23 inbound, 22 outbound) on weekdays, by all 24 trains (12 in each direction) on Saturdays, and by all 18 trains (nine in each direction) on Sundays and holidays. On weekdays, one inbound train originates from here, and one outbound train terminates here.

The station is adjacent to the site of the former Elgin National Watch Company.

Elgin, Illinois
Elgin (/ˈɛldʒɪn/ EL-jin) is a city in Cook and Kane counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. It is located 35 mi (56 km) northwest of Chicago along the Fox River. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 114,797, making it the sixth-most populous city in the state.
Francis Tait
Francis Tait (1838 – 21 April 1888) was an English-born Australian politician.

He was born in Durham to builder Edward Tait and Jane Briggs. He studied in Surrey to become a Wesleyan missionary, and spent ten years in Fiji. In 1860 he married Eleanor Saint, with whom he had six children. Around 1871 he moved to New South Wales, and the following year was appointed a minister at Armidale. In 1872 Prince Joseph Celua of Fiji came to Australia and was in Tait's care until he was enrolled at Newington College. His subsequent posts were at Chippendale (1875) and Goulburn (1878), but he resigned from the ministry in 1883. From 1884 he was a Goulburn alderman, serving as mayor in 1887. A building society manager, he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Argyle in 1885, but did not re-contest in 1887. Tait died at Goulburn in 1888.

Josefa Celua
Ratu Josefa Celua (c. 1855 – 1886) was a Fijian chief from the island of Bau. He was the youngest son of Ratu Seru Epenisa Cakobau (often spelt phonetically as Thakambau), King of Fiji, 6th Vunivalu of Bau, King of Bau, and his first wife, Adi Litia Samanunu, daughter of the Roko Tui Bau.
In reporting official occasions he was referred to by Australian newspapers as Prince Joseph Celua of Fiji.
Capsicum chinense
Capsicum chinense, commonly known as a "habanero-type pepper", is a species of chili pepper native to the Americas. C. chinense varieties are well known for their unique flavors and, in many cases, exceptional heat. The hottest peppers in the world are members of this species, with a Scoville heat unit score of 2.69 million measured in the C. chinense cultivar Pepper X in 2023.

Some taxonomists consider C. chinense to be within the species C. annuum, and they are a member of the C. annuum complex; however, C. chinense and C. annuum pepper plants can sometimes be distinguished by the number of flowers or fruit per node – two to five for C. chinense and one for C. annuum – though this method is not always accurate. The two species can also hybridize and generate inter-specific hybrids. C. frutescens may be the ancestor to the C. chinense species.

Scoville scale
The Scoville scale is a measurement of spiciness of chili peppers and other substances, recorded in Scoville heat units (SHU). It is based on the concentration of capsaicinoids, among which capsaicin is the predominant component.

The scale is named after its creator, American pharmacist Wilbur Scoville, whose 1912 method is known as the Scoville organoleptic test. The Scoville organoleptic test is a subjective assessment derived from the capsaicinoid sensitivity by people experienced with eating hot chilis.

An alternative method, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), can be used to analytically quantify the capsaicinoid content as an indicator of pungency.
Softseating
Softseating fanning stool + bench is a furnishing made from paper or textile, designed by Stephanie Forsythe and Todd MacAllen of molo in 2003 and released in 2006. Internal honeycomb geometry allows the elements to store compressed, and then fan open to form seats and tables. Examples of softseating are held in the Museum of Modern Art, the Art Institute of Chicago and the Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum.

Molo (design company)
Molo Design Limited, stylized as molo, is a multidisciplinary design and production studio based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada led by Stephanie Forsythe and Todd MacAllen. The studio integrates the practices of architecture, craft, and product design. molo products develop from Forsythe and MacAllen's materials research and studies.
Mandalgovi–Ulaanbaatar Transmission Line
The Mandalgovi–Ulaanbaatar Transmission Line (Mongolian: Мандалговь-Улаанбаатар Цахилгаан Дамжуулах Aгаарын Шугам) or Ulaanbaatar–Mandalgovi Transmission Line (Mongolian: Улаанбаатар-Мандалговь Цахилгаан Дамжуулах Aгаарын Шугам) is a transmission line in Mongolia connecting Mandalgovi of Dundgovi Province and Ulaanbaatar.

Mandalgovi
Mandalgovi (Mongolian: Мандалговь; ᠮᠠᠨᠳᠠᠯᠭᠣᠪᠢ; also Mandalgov' or Mandalgobi) is the capital of the Dundgovi Province of Mongolia, about 300 km south of Ulaanbaatar on the border of the Gobi Desert. It has 10,506 inhabitants (2005), 10,299 (2007). The city administrative unit's official name is Saintsagaan sum.
Isaac Newton Gargoyle
Isaac Newton Gargoyle is an outdoor 1988–1989 hammered copper sheet relief depicting Isaac Newton by Wayne Chabre, installed on the exterior of Willamette Hall on the University of Oregon campus, in Eugene, Oregon. The sculpture is part of the collection of the Oregon Arts Commission, and administered by the University of Oregon. It was surveyed by the Smithsonian Institution's "Save Outdoor Sculpture!" program in 1994.

The piece is one of a series by Chabre at the Eugene campus that includes scientists and mathematicians Albert Einstein (Einstein Gargoyle, 1986), Marie Curie (Marie Curie Gargoyle, 1989), James Clerk Maxwell (Maxwell & Demon Gargoyle, 1989), Alan Turing (Alan Turing, 1988), John von Neumann (John von Neumann, 1987), and Thomas Condon; a fruit fly (Drosophila Fly Head, 1988); and a school of zebrafish.

The sculpture in 2011

Wayne Chabre
Wayne Chabre (born 1947) is an American sculptor from Walla Walla, Washington. His works have been described as "whimsical". Many of his sculptures are functional, such as gargoyles and downspouts; railings and gates; lighting, pavilions, fountains, and benches.
Falcarinol
Falcarinol (also known as carotatoxin or panaxynol) is a natural pesticide and fatty alcohol found in carrots (Daucus carota), Panax ginseng and ivy. In carrots, it occurs in a concentration of approximately 2 mg/kg.  As a toxin, it protects roots from fungal diseases, such as liquorice rot that causes black spots on the roots during storage. The compound is sensitive to light and heat.

Hedera
Hedera, commonly called ivy (plural ivies), is a genus of 12–15 species of evergreen climbing or ground-creeping woody plants in the family Araliaceae, native to Western Europe, Central Europe, Southern Europe, Macaronesia, northwestern Africa and across central-southern Asia east to Japan and Taiwan. Several species are cultivated as climbing ornamentals, and the name ivy especially denotes common ivy (Hedera helix), known in North America as "English ivy", which is frequently planted to clothe brick walls.
Egilona
Egilona (or Egilo) was a Visigothic noblewoman and the last known queen of the Visigoths. She was the wife first of Roderic, the Visigothic king (710–11), and then of ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz, Muslim governor (wālī) of al-Andalus (714–16). Her name is rendered Aylū by Arabic writers, who also give her the kunya Umm ʿAṣim ("mother of ʿAṣim"). She was independently wealthy.

Abd al-Aziz ibn Musa
Abd al-Aziz ibn Musa ibn Nusayr (Arabic: عبد العزيز بن موسى) was an Arab general and the first governor of Al-Andalus, in modern-day Spain and Portugal.  He was the son of Musa ibn Nusayr, the Umayyad governor of Ifriqiya. ‘Abd al-Aziz had a long history of political and military involvement along with his father.
Guiding County
Guiding County (simplified Chinese: 贵定县; traditional Chinese: 貴定縣; pinyin: Guìdìng Xiàn) is a county of south-central Guizhou, China. It is under the administration of the Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. The county seat is located in the town of Chengguan.

The town of Changmingzhen (昌明镇) has a Laoganma factory that opened during the COVID-19 pandemic in China.

Lao Gan Ma
Lao Gan Ma (Chinese: 老干妈; also called Laoganma) or Old Godmother is a brand of chili sauces made in China. The product is sold in China and over 30 other countries. Lao Gan Ma is credited with popularizing Chinese chili oil and chili crisp toppings in the Western world, and have inspired many Chinese-American chili-based toppings.
Lubieszynek, Gmina Nowa Karczma
Lubieszynek [lubjɛˈʂɨnɛk] is a village located in the administrative district of Gmina Nowa Karczma within Kościerzyna County, Pomeranian Voivodeship in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Nowa Karczma
Gmina Nowa Karczma (Kashubian: Nowô Karczma) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościerzyna County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Nowa Karczma, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) east of Kościerzyna and 39 km (24 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 113.33 square kilometres (43.8 sq mi), and as of 2022 its total population is 7,149.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Kashubian Landscape Park.
Peter Miscovich
Peter Miscovich (Petar Mišković/Pero Mišković) (1885–1950) was a Croatian-born American inventor. He was born in the village of Imotica in the Austro-Hungarian Kingdom of Dalmatia in 1885 and died in Alaska in 1950.

His most well-known inventions were a steam-powered washing machine and improvement of steam bath. He had seven children with his wife Stane. His son John Miscovich invented the Intelligiant pump used on boats, fire vehicles and more. Peter was also involved with creating hydraulics machines.

John Miscovich
John A. Miscovich (1918–2014) was an American inventor and gold miner. He and his family owned about 1400 acres of mining claims around Flat, Alaska and were active placer gold miners there. Miscovich was known as the "mayor of Flat".

He was the son of Peter Miscovich, known for inventing the steam washing machine and upgrading steam bath.

In 1990, Miscovich  received a Distinguished Service Award from the Alaska Miners Association. In 2012, Miscovich was inducted into the Alaska Mining Hall of Fame.
Kenry
Kenry (/ˈkɛnriː/: Irish: Caonraí) is a historical barony in northern County Limerick, Ireland.

Baronies were mainly cadastral rather than administrative units. They acquired modest local taxation and spending functions in the 19th century before being superseded by the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898.

Pallaskenry
Pallaskenry (Irish: Pailís Chaonraí, meaning 'the palisade of Caonraí') is a village in County Limerick, Ireland.

The village is located about 24 km (15 mi) west of Limerick city, close to the River Shannon estuary. The town is reached by travelling about five kilometres (~3 miles) north off the N69 National Route that runs west from the city. Pallaskenry is a satellite town of Limerick city, many of its inhabitants work in the city but many also work in Shannon Town, County Clare (north across the estuary), and Askeaton, a town further west of Pallaskenry.
Al McIntosh
Alan Cunningham McIntosh (October 7, 1905 – July 23, 1979) was editor of the Rock County Star-Herald of Luverne, Minnesota. He was president of the Minnesota Newspaper Association in 1949. The association now recognizes individuals who have provided exceptional service to the field of journalism with its Al McIntosh Distinguished Service to Journalism Award.

Ken Burns included several World War II-era excerpts from McIntosh's weekly column in his documentary "The War," which are voiced by actor Tom Hanks. In an interview on the radio show Fresh Air, Burns claimed that McIntosh could have pursued a more prestigious journalistic career but chose to take the reins of a small-town newspaper. Burns also opined in the same interview that McIntosh would be the most important discovery his team made in the creation of the documentary.

McIntosh owned and published the Star-Herald from 1940 until 1968, and first became famous after writing an editorial titled “I Am a Tired American” in 1965.

Luverne, Minnesota
Luverne (/ləˈvɜːrn/ lə-VURN) is a city in and the county seat of Rock County, Minnesota, United States, along the Rock River. The population was 4,946 as of the 2020 census. Luverne is part of the Sioux Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), which is home to over 300,000 people.

Luverne has been featured in numerous films and television series. It is one of four towns profiled in the 2007 Ken Burns documentary The War. It is also the main setting for the second season of the TV show Fargo.
Max Planck Institute for Ornithology
The Max Planck Institute for Ornithology (German: Max-Planck-Institut für Ornithologie, abbreviated MPIO) was a non-university research institution under the sponsorship of the Max Planck Society. As of 1 January 2023, it merged with the Max Planck Institute for Neurobiology (MPIN) to form the new Max Planck Institute for Biological Intelligence (MPI-BI). The MPIO was located in Seewiesen, which belongs to the municipality of Pöcking in Upper Bavaria.

The institutes’s focus was on basic scientific research in the fields of organismic biology, zoology, ornithology, neurobiology, behavioural ecology, evolutionary biology and evolutionary genetics.
The institute is managed on a collegial basis, i.e. one of the two directors of the institute takes over the management for a certain time period. The last managing director was Manfred Gahr (2020–2022).

Max Planck Society
The Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (German: Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e. V.; MPG) is a formally independent non-governmental and non-profit association of German research institutes. Founded in 1911 as the Kaiser Wilhelm Society, it was renamed to the Max Planck Society in 1948 in honor of its former president, theoretical physicist Max Planck. The society is funded by the federal and state governments of Germany.
José de Escandón, 1st Count of Sierra Gorda
José de Escandón y Helguera, conde de Sierra (May 19, 1700, Soto de la Marina, Cantabria, Spain – September 10, 1770, Querétaro, New Spain) was a Spanish fighter against indigenous people in New Spain and the founder and first governor of the colony of Nuevo Santander, which extended from the Pánuco River in the modern-day Mexican state of Tamaulipas to the Guadalupe River in the modern-day U.S. state of Texas.

Nuevo Santander
Nuevo Santander (New Santander) was a region of the Viceroyalty of New Spain, covering the modern Mexican state of Tamaulipas and extending into modern-day southern Texas in the United States.

Nuevo Santander was named after Santander, Cantabria, Spain, and settled by Spanish American colonists in a concerted settlement campaign peaking in 1748–1750. It fell under the jurisdiction of the Real Audiencia of Guadalajara in judicial matters, and in 1776, Nuevo Santander became part of the semi-autonomous Provincias Internas.

José de Escandón founded the colony in 1747. In 1755, Jiménez was founded, which became the major town and capital of the colony. The state was subsequently renamed to Tamaulipas once Mexico gained its independence in 1821.
Ramapo High School (New Jersey)
Ramapo High School is a comprehensive four-year public high school located in the New York City suburb of Franklin Lakes, in Bergen County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The school is a part of the Ramapo Indian Hills Regional High School District, serving students in ninth through twelfth grades from Franklin Lakes, Oakland, and Wyckoff (FLOW). The other high school in the district is Indian Hills High School, located in Oakland. Students in eighth grade in the three sending districts have the opportunity to choose between Ramapo and Indian Hills by February in their graduating year.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,188 students and 117.6 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.1:1. There were 21 students (1.8% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 2 (0.2% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.

Princeton High School (New Jersey)
Princeton High School (PHS) is a four-year comprehensive public high school in Princeton, New Jersey, operating as part of the Princeton Public Schools district. Students from Cranbury Township attend PHS as part of a sending/receiving relationship with the Cranbury School District. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1932 and is accredited through January 2026.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,532 students and 130.2 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.8:1. There were 123 students (8.0% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 32 (2.1% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.
Golden Horn (Washington)
Golden Horn is an 8,366-foot (2,550-metre) mountain summit located in Okanogan County in Washington, United States. It is part of the Okanogan Range which is a sub-range of the North Cascades Range. Golden Horn is situated north of Methow Pass at headwaters of the Methow River, on land administered by the Okanogan–Wenatchee National Forest. It ranks as the 101st-highest summit in Washington. The nearest higher neighbor is Tower Mountain, 1.67 miles (2.69 km) to the southeast. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises approximately 3,366 feet (1,026 meters) above the West Fork Methow River in one mile (1.6 km). The first ascent of Golden Horn was made by Fred Beckey, Keith Rankin, and Charles Welsh on September 18, 1946.

Methow River
The Methow River (/ˈmɛthaʊ/ MET-how) is a tributary of the Columbia River in northern Washington in the United States. The river's 1,890-square-mile (4,900 km2) watershed drains the eastern North Cascades, with a population of about 5,000 people. The Methow's watershed is characterized by relatively pristine habitats, as much of the river basin is located in national forests and wildernesses. Many tributaries drain the large Pasayten Wilderness. An earlier economy based on agriculture is giving way to one based on recreation and tourism.
Nostalghia
Nostalghia (released as Nostalgia in the United Kingdom) is a 1983 drama film directed by Andrei Tarkovsky and starring Oleg Yankovsky, Domiziana Giordano and Erland Josephson. Tarkovsky co-wrote the screenplay with Tonino Guerra.

The film depicts a Russian writer (Oleg Yankovsky) who visits Italy to carry out research about an 18th-century Russian composer, but is stricken by homesickness. The film utilizes autobiographical elements drawn from Tarkovsky's own experiences visiting Italy, and explores themes surrounding the untranslatability of art and culture.

The film won the Prize of the Ecumenical Jury, the prize for Best Director and the FIPRESCI Prize at the 1983 Cannes Film Festival. It received generally positive reviews from critics. Widely regarded as one of Tarkovsky's best works, the film received nine total votes in the Sight and Sound's 2012 poll of the greatest films ever made.

Bagno Vignoni
Bagno Vignoni is an  Italian village and hamlet (frazione) of San Quirico d'Orcia, situated on a hill above the Val d'Orcia in Tuscany. It is a popular tourist destination and well known for its hot springs.
Davis Valley
Davis Valley (82°28′S 51°9′W﻿ / ﻿82.467°S 51.150°W﻿ / -82.467; -51.150﻿ (Davis Valley)) is an ice-free valley just east of Floridas Ridge in north-east Dufek Massif, in the Pensacola Mountains, Antarctica.

Sallee Snowfield
Sallee Snowfield (82°37′S 50°20′W﻿ / ﻿82.617°S 50.333°W﻿ / -82.617; -50.333﻿ (Sallee Snowfield)) is a large snowfield between the Dufek Massif and northern Forrestal Range in the Pensacola Mountains, Antarctica.