hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Henna (film)
Henna is a 1991 Indian musical romantic drama film written by Khwaja Ahmad Abbas, produced and directed by Randhir Kapoor. It stars Rishi Kapoor, along with Pakistani actress Zeba Bakhtiyar in the title role and Ashwini Bhave. The film was planned and started by director Raj Kapoor, but due to his death before the filming, it was shot by his eldest son Randhir. The dialogues of the film were written by the Pakistani writer Haseena Moin. The film was a major critical and commercial success and was also India's submission for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, but was not accepted as a nominee.

Raza Murad
Raza Murad (born 23 November 1950) is an Indian actor who primarily appears in Hindi films.

He has acted in over 250 Hindi films and has also appeared in Telugu, Punjabi and other languages and on Hindi television.
Notch Peak
Notch Peak is a distinctive summit located on Sawtooth Mountain in the House Range, west of Delta, Utah, United States. The peak and the surrounding area are part of the Notch Peak Wilderness Study Area (WSA). Bristlecone pines, estimated to be 3,000 to 4,000 years old, are located on the ridges surrounding Notch Peak.

House Range
The House Range is a north-south trending mountain range in Millard County, of west-central Utah.  The House Range was named in 1859 by James H. Simpson.  It was named by Simpson because "...of its well-defined stratification and the resemblance of portions of its outline to domes, minarets, houses, and other structures."
Special Advisory Council for Myanmar
The Special Advisory Council for Myanmar (abbreviated SAC-M) is an independent advisory group of international experts, to provide an international platform for the democratic movement in Myanmar. SAC-M was co-founded by three UN officials, Yanghee Lee, Marzuki Darusman and Chris Sidoti, in March 2021, in response to the 2021 Myanmar coup d'état. The group regularly publishes briefing reports and analyses relating to the domestic situation in post-coup Myanmar. SAC-M advocates a coordinated global 'three cuts' strategy against the military junta, namely to 'cut the weapons, cut the cash, and cut the impunity.'

Chris Sidoti
Christopher Dominic "Chris" Sidoti (born 1951) is an Australian expert on international human rights law, a lawyer and advocate. He is a former Human Rights Commissioner, and a former commissioner of the Australian Law Reform Commission, and has held a range of other distinguished posts.
Plua
Plua is a port of the programming language Lua 5.0.3, along with a small IDE, for the Palm Computing platform. Lua is a programming language designed at TeCGraf, the Computer Graphics Technology Group of PUC-Rio, Brazil. Plua includes some extensions to Lua to better support the Palm platform.

Development has ceased on Plua, and the latest stable version of Plua 2.0 can only be downloaded from a discussion board. The prior version, Plua 1.1, is a port of Lua 4.0. The extensions differ somewhat between versions. The new version is thus sometimes called Plua 2 to avoid confusion.

Palm OS
Palm OS (later versions of which were also known as Garnet OS) is a discontinued mobile operating system initially developed by Palm, Inc., for personal digital assistants (PDAs) in 1996. Palm OS was designed for ease of use with a touchscreen-based graphical user interface. It was provided with a suite of basic applications for personal information management. Later versions of the OS were extended to support smartphones. The software appeared on the company's line of Palm devices while several other licensees have manufactured devices powered by Palm OS.

Following Palm's purchase of the Palm trademark, the operating system was renamed Garnet OS. In 2007, ACCESS introduced the successor to Garnet OS, called Access Linux Platform; additionally, in 2009, the main licensee of Palm OS, Palm, Inc., switched from Palm OS to webOS for their forthcoming devices.
Valera Fratta
Valera Fratta (Lodigiano: Valéra) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Lodi in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of Lodi.

Valera Fratta borders the following municipalities: Bascapè, Torrevecchia Pia, Caselle Lurani, Marzano, Marudo, Villanterio, Torre d'Arese.

Province of Lodi
The province of Lodi (Italian: provincia di Lodi; Ludesan: pruincia de Lod) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its provincial capital is the city of Lodi.

As of 2017, it has a population of 229,541 inhabitants over an area of c. 783 square kilometres (300 sq mi), giving the province a population density of 293.2 inhabitants per square kilometre. The provincial president is Francesco Passerini.
America's Next Top Model season 19
The nineteenth cycle of America's Next Top Model (subtitled as America's Next Top Model: College Edition), consisted of thirteen episodes and was broadcast on The CW. It aired from August 24, 2012, until November 16, 2012, and was promoted by the catchphrase "Only One Can Be Top of the Class". This was the final season to feature thirteen contestants. All of the contestants were enrolled in higher education. They competed for the title of America's Next Top Model, providing them with an opportunity to begin their career in the modeling industry. Its premise was originated with model Tyra Banks, who additionally serves as the cycle's executive producer and presenter.

The international destination during the cycle was Ocho Rios, Jamaica, becoming the second occasion in which the series traveled to the country, after cycle 3.

The winner of the competition was 21-year-old Paul Smith's College student Laura James from Cambridge, New York with Kiara Belen placing as the runner up.

Laura James
Laura Ellen James (born November 18, 1990) is an American model and actress. In 2012, James won the nineteenth cycle of America's Next Top Model and was consequentially signed with L.A. Models and New York Model Management. She is the daughter of Dynasty actor John James.
Ziba Mir-Hosseini
Ziba Mir-Hosseini (Persian: زیبا میرحسینی; born 3 April 1952) is an Iranian-born legal anthropologist, specialising in Islamic law, gender and development. She received her PhD in anthropology from Cambridge University and is the author of several books on Islam, gender, and the family.

She has also directed two documentary films, Runaway and Divorce Iranian Style.

Divorce Iranian Style
Divorce Iranian Style is a 1998 documentary film directed by Kim Longinotto and Ziba Mir-Hosseini which chronicles the legal battles of three Iranian couples as they seek divorce in the Iranian court system. The film documents three couples as they go through the various legal processes and cultural barriers as they seek to file for divorce and highlights the poignant differences of men and women in the court system. The film also shows the complexity of blending religious law with a state run court system.
Legend of the Ancient Sword
Legend of the Ancient Sword (Chinese: 古剑奇谭之流月昭明) is a Chinese fantasy-adventure-action film directed by Renny Harlin and based on the video game Gu Jian Qi Tan 2. The film was released worldwide on October 1, 2018.

Renny Harlin
Renny Harlin (born Renny Lauri Mauritz Harjola; 15 March 1959) is a Finnish filmmaker who has worked in America, Europe, and Asia. He is known for directing films such as Die Hard 2, Cliffhanger, Deep Blue Sea and Cutthroat Island, the latter of has the distinction of being one of the biggest box office bombs of all time.

Harlin's films have grossed over $520 million in the United States and over $1.2 billion in the worldwide aggregate box office, making him the 151st highest-grossing director in the global film market as of October 2022, and the most internationally successful Finnish filmmaker in terms of revenue.
Battle of Sasireti
The Battle of Sasireti (Georgian: სასირეთის ბრძოლა) took place in 1042 at the village of Sasireti in the present day Shida Kartli region, not far from the town of Kaspi, during the civil war in the Kingdom of Georgia. It resulted in a decisive defeat of the army of King Bagrat IV by the rebel feudal lord Liparit IV of Kldekari.

Bagrat IV of Georgia
Bagrat IV (Georgian: ბაგრატ IV; 1018 – 24 November 1072), of the Bagrationi dynasty, was the king (mepe) of the Kingdom of Georgia from 1027 to 1072. During his long and eventful reign, Bagrat sought to repress the great nobility and to secure Georgia's sovereignty from the Byzantine and Seljuk Empires. In a series of intermingled conflicts, Bagrat succeeded in defeating his most powerful vassals and rivals of the Liparitid family, bringing several feudal enclaves under his control and reducing the kings of Lori and Kakheti-Hereti, as well as the emir of Tbilisi to vassalage. Like many medieval Caucasian rulers, he bore several Byzantine titles, particularly those of Nobilissimus, Kouropalates, and sebastos.
1890 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election
The 1890 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election occurred on November 4, 1890. Democratic candidate and former Governor Robert E. Pattison defeated Republican candidate George W. Delamater to become Governor of Pennsylvania.

As of the 2022 midterm elections, this is the last presidential, gubernatorial, or senatorial election in Pennsylvania where the Democratic candidate won the state without carrying Allegheny County. William A. Wallace and Chauncey Forward Black unsuccessfully sought the Democratic nomination.

Robert E. Pattison
Robert Emory Pattison (December 8, 1850 – August 1, 1904) was an American attorney and politician who served as the 19th governor of Pennsylvania from 1883 to 1887 and 1891 to 1895. Pattison was the only Democratic Governor of Pennsylvania between the start of the American Civil War and the start of the Great Depression.
The Evolutionary War
"The Evolutionary War" was a comic book crossover which ran through most of the 1988 annuals published by Marvel Comics. The principal writers included Gerry Conway, Steve Englehart, Louise Simonson, Chris Claremont, and Steve Gerber.

The storyline was the first of its kind. While there had been previous extended crossovers over multiple titles before it, "The Evolutionary War" was the first to take place exclusively in annuals. This format of crossover annuals was to be repeated by Marvel for the next four years, most notably with 1989's "Atlantis Attacks."

Steve Gerber
Stephen Ross Gerber (/ˈɡɜːrbər/; September 20, 1947 – February 10, 2008) was an American comic book writer and creator of the satiric Marvel Comics character Howard the Duck. Other works include Man-Thing, Omega the Unknown, Marvel Spotlight: "Son of Satan", The Defenders, Marvel Presents: "Guardians of the Galaxy", Daredevil and Foolkiller. Gerber often included lengthy text pages in the midst of comic book stories, such as in his graphic novel, Stewart the Rat. Gerber was posthumously inducted into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2010.
Oakland, Iowa
Oakland is a city located along the West Nishnabotna River in Pottawattamie County, Iowa, United States. Its population was 1,524 at the time of the 2020 census. Formerly named Big Grove, Oakland is home to Nishna Heritage Museum and a number of historical buildings.

Nishnabotna River
The Nishnabotna River (/nɪʃnəˈbɑːtnə/) is a tributary of the Missouri River in southwestern Iowa, northwestern Missouri and southeastern Nebraska in the United States.  It flows for most of its length as two parallel streams in Iowa, the East Nishnabotna River and the West Nishnabotna River.  The east and west branches are each about 120 miles (190 km) long; from their confluence the Nishnabotna flows approximately another 16 miles (26 km). Several sections of the rivers' courses have been straightened and heavily channelized.

The river is the third largest stream in Iowa on the  Missouri slope, after the Big Sioux River and Little Sioux River. It has the second largest  watershed in Iowa, since only a small portion of the Big Sioux drains in Iowa. The mouth of the Nishabotna was formerly 20 miles further south in Atchison County, Missouri, but changes in the Missouri River have cut off the lower portion and reduced the length of the river.
Inácio do Nascimento de Morais Cardoso
Dom Inácio do Nascimento de Morais Cardoso (20 December 1811 – 23 February 1883) was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church and was Patriarch of Lisbon.

Morais Cardoso was born in Murça, Portugal, the son of Hipólito de Morais Cardoso, Captain-Major of Murça, and wife Eufémia Joaquina. He was educated at the University of Coimbra, where he was awarded a licentiate in theology.

Murça
Murça (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈmuɾsɐ] ⓘ), officially the Town of Murça (Portuguese: Vila de Murça), is a municipality in northern Portugal. The population in 2011 was 5,952, in an area of 189.37 km2. It is situated in the central part of the eastern district of Vila Real, and consigned to the Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro region. The town of Murça, seat of the municipal government, is on average 40 kilometres from many of the major urban centres of the region.
Allsång på Skansen
Allsång på Skansen (Sing-along at Skansen) is a Swedish show held at Skansen, Stockholm, every summer on Tuesdays between 8pm and 9pm. The audience is encouraged to sing along with musical guest stars to well-known Swedish and international songs. The show started in 1935 on a small scale; about 50 people in the audience. Today, about 10,000–25,500 people come to each performance.

Since 3 August 1979 the show has been broadcast by Sveriges Television. Initially the show had about 300,000 viewers. When Lasse Berghagen took over as host, the ratings increased to about 2 million viewers. In 2003, Allsång på Skansen was the first SVT programme that was broadcast with 5.1 multichannel sound. In 2007, it became one of the first Swedish live programmes broadcast in high-definition television. Although the show is scheduled to run for 90 minutes, only one hour of it is broadcast on SVT1 but viewers can watch the entire show on SVT Play.

Carola Häggkvist
Carola Maria Häggkvist (Swedish: [kaˈrôːla ˈhɛ̂ɡːkvɪst] ⓘ; born 8 September 1966), best known mononymously as Carola, is a Swedish singer. She has been among Sweden's most popular performers since the early 1980s and has released albums ranging from pop and disco to hymns and folk music. Her debut album, Främling (1983), sold around one million copies and remains the biggest-selling album in Swedish music history. During her career, she has recorded many top-selling albums and singles and is referred to as Sweden's most prominent female singer. Some of her biggest hits are "Främling", "Tommy tycker om mig", "Fångad av en stormvind", "All the Reasons to Live", "I Believe in Love", "Genom allt", and "Evighet". Besides Swedish, she has also released records in Dutch, German, English, Norwegian and Japanese.

Häggkvist has represented Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest on three occasions: in 1983, finishing third; in 1991, winning the contest; and in 2006, finishing fifth.
Khalistan Liberation Force
The Khalistan Liberation Force (KLF) is a pro-Khalistan militant organisation operating in the Punjab state of India, with prominent members based in Canada, the United Kingdom and Pakistan. Its objective is the creation of a sovereign Sikh state of Khalistan through armed struggle. It is responsible for numerous attacks including assassinations, bombings, mass murder, and abductions. It is also listed as a designated terrorist group by India.

Amritpal Singh
Amritpal Singh Sandhu (born 17 January 1993) is an Indian pro-Khalistan separatist, self-styled Sikh preacher, and politician. He is a Member of the Indian Parliament in the Lok Sabha representing the constituency of Khadoor Sahib since 2024.

After living in Dubai for a decade, he returned to Punjab in September 2022, having been controversially appointed as the leader of Waris Punjab De; he started an anti-drugs campaign, encouraging the youth to adopt a traditionalist form of Sikhism and advocated for a sovereign Sikh state in Punjab called Khalistan.

Indian intelligence sources claim that Singh has been supported by the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI), and that he has stockpiled arms while raising a private militia called Anandpur Khalsa Fauj (AKF). In March 2023, the state government, acting in coordination with the central government, launched an intense crackdown on Singh and his associates. He was arrested on 23 April 2023 under the National Security Act (India).
Žilindar
Žilindar (Serbian Cyrillic: Жилиндар) is a mountain on the border of Serbia and Montenegro, between towns of Sjenica and Berane, on the central edge of Pešter plateau. Its highest peak Žilindar has an elevation of 1,616 meters above sea level.

Sjenica
Sjenica (Serbian Cyrillic: Сјеница, pronounced [sjɛ̌nitsa]) is a town and municipality located in the Zlatibor District of southwestern Serbia, on the vast Sjenica-Pešter plateau and geographically located in the central part of Sandžak. The population of the municipality, according to 2022 census, is 24,083, while the town has a population of 12,989.

In terms of area (1,059 km2), Sjenica is 11th largest municipality in Serbia. A multi-ethnic environment where Bosniaks, Serbs, Albanians, Montenegrins, Turks, Romani and others live in it.

According to the level of development of local self-government units for the year 2014, the municipality of Sjenica belongs to the fourth group consisting of 44 extremely underdeveloped local self-government units whose level of development is below 60% of the national average.
Qaid
Qaid (Arabic: قَائِد qāʾid, "commander"; pl. قَادَة qāda, or قُوَّاد quwwād), also spelled Quaid, kaid or caïd, is a word meaning "commander" or "leader." It was a title in the Norman kingdom of Sicily, applied to palatine officials and members of the curia, usually to those who were Muslims or converts to Islam. The word entered the Latin language as gaitus or gaytus. Later the word was used in North Africa for the governor of a fortress or the warden of a prison, also in Spain and Portugal in the form with the definite article "alcayde" or "alcaide". It is also used as a male Arabic given name.

Khuddam-ul Ahmadiyya
Majlis Khuddam-ul-Ahmadiyya (Arabic: مجلس خدام الاحمدیة, literally means "Association of the Servants of Ahmadiyya") is one of five auxiliary organizations in the Ahmadiyya Muslim community. It is the young men's branch of the community, particularly for those between the ages of 15 and 40. In some English-speaking countries it is also known as the Ahmadiyya Muslim Youth Association (AMYA).
GP-25
The GP-25 Kostyor ("Bonfire"), GP-30 Obuvka ("Shoe") and GP-34 are a family of Russian 40 mm under-barrel muzzleloaded grenade launchers for the AK family of assault rifles. The acronym GP stands for Granatomyot Podstvolnyj, "under-barrel grenade launcher" in Russian, and was adopted by Soviet forces in 1978.

Grenade launcher
A grenade launcher is a weapon that fires a specially designed, large caliber projectile, often with an explosive, smoke, or gas warhead. Today, the term generally refers to a class of dedicated firearms firing unitary grenade cartridges - for example the widely used 40mm type. The most common type are man-portable, shoulder-fired weapons issued to individuals, although larger crew-served launchers are issued at higher levels of organization by military forces.

Grenade launchers are produced in the form of standalone weapons (either single shot or repeating) or as attachments mounted to a parent firearm, usually a rifle. Larger crew-served automatic grenade launchers such as the Mk 19 are mounted on tripods or vehicles.

Some armored fighting vehicles also mount fixed arrays of short-range, single-shot grenade launchers as a means of defense.
The Tabard
The Tabard was an inn in Southwark established in 1307, which stood on the east side of Borough High Street, at the road's intersection with the ancient thoroughfare to Canterbury and Dover. It was built for the Abbot of Hyde in Winchester, who purchased the land to construct a place for himself and his ecclesiastical brethren to stay when on business in London.

The Tabard was famous for accommodating people who made the pilgrimage to the Shrine of Thomas Becket in Canterbury Cathedral, and it is mentioned in the 14th-century literary work The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer.

Inn
Inns are generally establishments or buildings where travelers can seek lodging, and usually, food and drink. Inns are typically located in the country or along a highway. Before the advent of motorized transportation, they also provided accommodation for horses.

An innkeeper is the person who runs an inn.
Agua Dulce, California
Agua Dulce (pronunciationⓘ) (Spanish for "Sweet Water") is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Los Angeles County, California, United States. It lies at an elevation of 2,526 feet (770 m), northeast of Santa Clarita. The community had a population of 3,451 at the 2020 census and covers a geographic area of about 23 square miles (59 km2).  Agua Dulce is on the Pacific Crest Trail. The ZIP code is 91390 (shared with Green Valley and far northern Santa Clarita), and the area code is 661.

Area code 661
Area code 661 is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) in the U.S. state of California. The numbering plan area comprises the southern part of the San Joaquin Valley and the far northern part of the Los Angeles metropolitan area. The largest cities in the area are Bakersfield, Santa Clarita, Palmdale, and Lancaster.

The area code was created in an area code split of numbering plan area 805 on February 13, 1999, in which the eastern part of 805 was renumbered with the new area code.
American Cryptogram Association
The American Cryptogram Association (ACA) is an American non-profit organization devoted to the hobby of cryptography, with an emphasis on types of codes, ciphers, and cryptograms that can be solved either with pencil and paper, or with computers, but not computer-only systems.

Cryptogram
A cryptogram is a type of puzzle that consists of a short piece of encrypted text. Generally the cipher used to encrypt the text is simple enough that the cryptogram can be solved by hand. Substitution ciphers where each letter is replaced by a different letter, number, or symbol are frequently used. To solve the puzzle, one must recover the original lettering. Though once used in more serious applications, they are now mainly printed for entertainment in newspapers and magazines.

Other types of classical ciphers are sometimes used to create cryptograms. An example is the book cipher, where a book or article is used to encrypt a message.
Hurwitz quaternion
In mathematics, a Hurwitz quaternion (or Hurwitz integer) is a quaternion whose components are either all integers or all half-integers (halves of odd integers; a mixture of integers and half-integers is excluded). The set of all Hurwitz quaternions is

That is, either a, b, c, d are all integers, or they are all half-integers.
H is closed under quaternion multiplication and addition, which makes it a subring of the ring of all quaternions H. Hurwitz quaternions were introduced by Adolf Hurwitz (1919).

A Lipschitz quaternion (or Lipschitz integer; named after Rudolf Lipschitz) is a quaternion whose components are all integers. The set of all Lipschitz quaternions

forms a subring of the Hurwitz quaternions H. Hurwitz integers have the advantage over Lipschitz integers that it is possible to perform Euclidean division on them, obtaining a small remainder.

Both the Hurwitz and Lipschitz quaternions are examples of noncommutative domains which are not division rings.

Rudolf Lipschitz
Rudolf Otto Sigismund Lipschitz (14 May 1832 – 7 October 1903) was a German mathematician who made contributions to mathematical analysis (where he gave his name to the Lipschitz continuity condition) and differential geometry, as well as number theory, algebras with involution and classical mechanics.