hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Diagonal matrix
In linear algebra, a diagonal matrix is a matrix in which the entries outside the main diagonal are all zero; the term usually refers to square matrices. Elements of the main diagonal can either be zero or nonzero. An example of a 2×2 diagonal matrix is , while an example of a 3×3 diagonal matrix is. An identity matrix of any size, or any multiple of it is a diagonal matrix called a scalar matrix, for example, . 
In geometry, a diagonal matrix may be used as a scaling matrix, since matrix multiplication with it results in changing scale (size) and possibly also shape; only a scalar matrix results in uniform change in scale.

Linear algebra
Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning linear equations such as

linear maps such as

and their representations in vector spaces and through matrices.

Linear algebra is central to almost all areas of mathematics. For instance, linear algebra is fundamental in modern presentations of geometry, including for defining basic objects such as lines, planes and rotations. Also, functional analysis, a branch of mathematical analysis, may be viewed as the application of linear algebra to function spaces.

Linear algebra is also used in most sciences and fields of engineering because it allows modeling many natural phenomena, and computing efficiently with such models. For nonlinear systems, which cannot be modeled with linear algebra, it is often used for dealing with first-order approximations, using the fact that the differential of a multivariate function at a point is the linear map that best approximates the function near that point.
Williams FW07
The Williams FW07 was a ground effect Formula One racing car designed by Patrick Head, Frank Dernie, and Neil Oatley for the 1979 Formula One season. Developed versions of the car were further used in the 1980, 1981 and 1982 seasons. It was the first car that won a championship for Williams Racing when it won both the Drivers' and Constructors' in 1980.

Frank Dernie
Frank William Dernie (born 3 April 1950) is a British Formula One engineer. Dernie is credited with inventing active suspension, being the first engineer to use computer aided design, the first engineer to put a data logger on a formula one car and implemented the first on site wind tunnel (at Williams Grand Prix).
Mary Harley
Mary Harley (December 20, 1865 – May 31, 1962) was an American physician. She taught physiology and hygiene at Sweet Briar College from 1906 to 1935. The student health center at Sweet Briar is named for her.

Sweet Briar College
Sweet Briar College (Sweet Briar, SBC) is a private women's liberal arts college in Sweet Briar, Amherst County, Virginia, United States. It was established in 1901 by Indiana Fletcher Williams in memory of her deceased daughter, Daisy. The college formally opened its doors in 1906 and granted the B.A. degree for the first time in 1910. It nearly closed in 2015 but was saved by donations and legal actions by alumnae.

Sweet Briar is known for its campus with its historic Georgian Revival architecture by Ralph Adams Cram and its 3,250 acres (13.2 km2) of hills, forests, and fields.
Niello (rapper)
Niklas Grahn, better known by his stage name Niello, is a Swedish rapper and singer. His name derives from niello decoration made of mixture of copper, silver, and lead, and used as a weapon on engraved or etched metal. He is signed to Sony Music Sweden.

Niello gained fame through his initial release, "Svett". His single "Legenden", released in June 2013 featuring Phantomen, garnered him great chart success, reaching number 3 on the Swedish Singles Chart. It was also certified 2× Platinum in the country.

He participated in Melodifestivalen 2022 with the song ”Tror du att jag bryr mig” with Lisa Ajax. They performed in Heat 2 on 12 February 2022, finishing in last place and failing to qualify.

Lisa Ajax
Lisa Kristina Ajax (born 13 August 1998) is a Swedish singer. She began her career after winning Idol 2014, and is also known for her five Melodifestivalen participations, having qualified to the final on four occasions.
Charlotte McShane
Charlotte McShane (born 14 August 1990 in Wick, Scotland) is a Scottish-born Australian professional triathlete and the 2013 U23 ITU World Triathlon Champion and the 2008 Xterra U20 World Champion.

McShane grew up in Helensburgh, Scotland, and moved to the Bairnsdale, Victoria area in 2005. She now lives in both Wollongong, New South Wales and Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain. Her coach is the NSWIS head coach, Jamie Turner.

Bairnsdale
Bairnsdale (locally /ˈbɛərnzdeɪl/) (Ganai: Wy-yung) is a city in East Gippsland, Victoria, Australia, situated in a region traditionally inhabited by the Tatungalung clan of the Gunaikurnai people. The estimated population of the Bairnsdale urban area was 17,666 at June 2023. The city serves as a major regional centre of eastern Victoria, alongside Traralgon and Sale, acting as the commercial hub for the East Gippsland region and the seat of local government for the Shire of East Gippsland. Bairnsdale was first proclaimed as a shire on 16 July 1868 and later elevated to city status on 14 July 1990.
Mompox Province
Mompox Province was the name of different provinces of Colombia.

In 1855 it was a province of the Republic of New Granada.

Later it was a province of Bolívar State (Colombia).

9°14′00″N 74°25′00″W﻿ / ﻿9.2333°N 74.4167°W﻿ / 9.2333; -74.4167

Bolívar State, Colombia
Bolívar State was one of the states of Colombia, which existed from 1857 until 1886. Today the area of the former state makes up most of modern-day Bolívar Department, Sucre Department, Córdoba Department and Atlántico Department in northern Colombia.
2025 PWHL Draft
The 2025 PWHL Draft was the third annual draft in Professional Women's Hockey League history, and took place on June 24, 2025, at the Hard Rock Hotel & Casino in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Kristýna Kaltounková was selected first overall by the New York Sirens.

New York Sirens
The New York Sirens are a professional ice hockey team based in the New York metropolitan area that competes in the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL). They are one of the six charter franchises of the league. The team plays its home games at Prudential Center in Newark, New Jersey.
Das Traumschiff
Das Traumschiff ("The Dream Ship") is a German television drama series by ZDF. The series, about a cruise ship that travels to places around the world, debuted in 1981 and became one of the most-watched television shows in Germany. As of 2024, more than 100 episodes have been produced.  It was primarily filmed and set aboard the MS Deutschland cruise ship as it sailed to tourist destinations around the world.  The destinations depicted are usually the result of product placement. In 2015, the depicted ship was switched to the MS Amadea. The television producer is Wolfgang Rademann.

In 2007, a Variety magazine article described the series as a '"Love Boat"-like cruise liner skein.'

MS Amadea
MS Amadea is a cruise ship owned by Amadea Shipping Company and operated under charter by the Germany-based Phoenix Reisen. She was originally built in 1991 by the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries shipyard in Nagasaki, Japan as MS Asuka for Nippon Yusen Kaisha. In 2006 she was replaced by the Asuka II and sold to her current owners and entered service with Phoenix Reisen. The ship is known as the setting for the German TV series Das Traumschiff which is also filmed onboard.
Chillin Island
Chillin Island is an unscripted HBO reality series that aired six episodes between December 17, 2021 and January 28, 2022. It was executive-produced by DreamCrew, a production company owned by Drake, along with Elara Pictures, a production company owned by Josh Safdie and Benny Safdie. The series based on the radio show of the same name. It is hosted by Alec "Despot" Reinstein, Ashok "Dap" Kondabalu, and Aleksey "Lakutis" Weintraub, all from New York City. It features guests like Young Thug and Lil Yachty. Together, the stars visit natural sites, like deserts and swamps, with the goal of having profound realizations. It is slow television.

Elara Pictures
Elara Pictures is an American independent film production and television production company founded by Josh Safdie, Benny Safdie, Ronald Bronstein and Sebastian Bear-McClard.

They have produced such films as Heaven Knows What (2014), Good Time (2017), Uncut Gems (2019) and Funny Pages (2022).

Uncut Gems, starring Adam Sandler, is Elara's highest grossing film. It is A24's third highest-grossing film domestically, behind Marty Supreme and Everything Everywhere All at Once (2022), and was the company's highest-grossing film at the time of its release.
The Balkan Line
The Balkan Line (Russian: Балканский рубеж, romanized: Balkanskiy rubezh; Serbian: Балканска међа / Balkanska međa) is a 2019 Russian–Serbian action film directed by Andrey Volgin, depicting the Russian military's secret operation to capture Slatina Airport in Kosovo after the bombing of Yugoslavia, led by Yunus-bek Yevkurov.

The film was released in Russia on 21 March 2019 (three days prior to the 20th anniversary of the events depicted in the film); it was released by 20th Century Fox CIS after the acquisition of 21st Century Fox by Disney.

Slatina Air Base
Slatina Air Base (Albanian: Aeroporti Sllatina; Serbian: Аеродром Слатина / Aerodrom Slatina), located at Pristina International Airport Adem Jashari, contained the second largest military underground hangar complex (called Objekat Morava) in the former Yugoslavia. After the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia, the airfield was used by KFOR. Part of the complex was radar station at Golesh mountain.

Before the Yugoslav military withdrawal, Slatina was home to the 83rd Fighter Aviation Regiment and its 123rd and 124th squadrons. These squadrons were equipped with MiG-21 Bis and MiG-21 UM aircraft.
Raja
Raja (/ˈrɑːdʒɑː/; from IAST rājan-) is a noble or royal Sanskrit title historically used by some Indian rulers and monarchs and highest-ranking nobles. The title was historically used in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.

The title has a long history in South Asia and Southeast Asia, being attested from the Rigveda, where a rājan- is a ruler, see for example the daśarājñá yuddhá, the "Battle of Ten Kings".

The title has equivalent cognates in other Indo-European languages, notably the Latin Rex and the Celtic Rix.

The Maratha title "Rao" (or "Rao") functions as both a given name and an honorific title, derived from words like the Sanskrit "Rājā" meaning "king," is a associated with the Kshatriya varna and can be considered a Kshatriya title.

Daṇḍa (Hindu punishment)
"Daṇḍa" (Sanskrit: दण्ड, literally 'stick', 'staff', or 'rod', an ancient symbol of authority) is the Hindu term for punishment. In ancient India, the ruler generally sanctioned punishments but other legal officials could also play a part. Punishments were handed out in response to criminal activity. In the Hindu law tradition, the counterpart to daṇḍa is prāyaścitta (atonement). Whereas daṇḍa was primarily sanctioned by the king, prāyaścitta is taken up by a person at his or her own volition.: 133  Daṇḍa provides a way for an offender to correct any violations of dharma he or she may have committed. Daṇḍa functions as the ruler's tool to protect the system of life stages and castes.: 128–129  Daṇḍa is part of vyavahāra (legal procedure), which was also a responsibility afforded to the king.: 128–129
Oulu Symphony Orchestra
The Oulu Symphony Orchestra (Finnish: Oulu Sinfonia or Oulun kaupunginorkesteri) is a Finnish orchestra based in Oulu, Finland.  Oulu Sinfonia gives concerts primarily at the Oulu Music Centre, in the Madetojan sali (Madetoja Concert Hall), located in the Karjasilta district, and named for Leevi Madetoja, who was born in Oulu.

Karjasilta
Karjasilta is a district in the Höyhtyä area in the city of Oulu, Finland. The district close to the city centre is bordered by the Raksila district to the north, Finnish national road 4 to the east, the Vanhatulli and Limingantulli districts to the west and the Nokela and Höyhtyä districts to the south.

Karjasilta is mainly a residential area with detached housing and apartment blocks built in the 1940s and 1950s. Most of the district's residential area is taken up by simple wooden houses built for the World War II veterans. Karjasilta was voted as the best neighbourhood to live in Finland in 2009. Oulu Music Centre, the primary concert venue for the Oulu Symphony Orchestra, and the Pohjankartano school complex are located on the east side of the Leevi Madetoja street, while most of the other commercial and public services are located on the west side of the street. There is also a small scale industrial area in the southwest of Karjasilta.
Born to Be Blue (Mel Tormé song)
"Born to Be Blue" is a 1946 traditional pop torch song written by Mel Tormé and Robert Wells. It was first recorded by Tormé and Sonny Burke in 1946. It was revived by both singers and instrumentalists starting in the mid-1950s, and is considered a jazz standard.

Robert Wells (songwriter)
Robert Wells (born Robert Levinson, October 15, 1922 – September 23, 1998) was an American songwriter, composer, screenwriter and television producer.  During his early career, he collaborated with Mel Tormé, writing several hit songs, most notably "The Christmas Song" in 1945. Later, he became a prolific writer and producer for television, for such shows as The Dinah Shore Chevy Show, as well as for numerous variety specials, such as If They Could See Me Now, starring Shirley MacLaine. He was nominated for several Academy Awards and won six Emmys and a Peabody Award.
Casanova (2005 TV series)
Casanova is a 2005 British television comedy drama serial, written by television scriptwriter Russell T Davies and directed by Sheree Folkson. Produced by Red Production Company for BBC Wales in association with Granada Television, the three-episode series was first screened on digital television station BBC Three from 13 March, with a repeat on mainstream analogue network BBC One commencing 4 April.

Sheree Folkson
Sheree Folkson is a British film and television director.

Some of her television credits are American Horror Story, The Bill, Band of Gold, Doctor Who, The Young Person's Guide to Becoming a Rock Star, Casanova, Hope Springs, Truckers, the American series Ugly Betty, Penny Dreadful: City of Angels, Bridgerton, Sex/Life and Will Trent.

Her film credits include Gypsy Woman (2001), My Family and Other Animals (2005) and The Decoy Bride (2011) starring David Tennant.
Eliot James
Eliot James is a British record producer, songwriter, musician, audio engineer and mixer, based at Eastcote Studios in West London, England.

Selected production credits include:

Tor Miller  "Midnight" EP

Two Door Cinema Club Tourist History Album

Kaiser Chiefs Off With Their Heads Album. Co-Produced with Mark Ronson,

Noah and the Whale Peaceful, The World Lays Me Down Album

The Coronas The Long Way LP

Coasts (band) Coasts LP (various tracks)

Puggy To Win The World LP

Plan B "Everyday" Single

The Futureheads "Area" Single

"Does It Offend You, Yeah?" You Have No Idea What You're Getting Yourself Into Album

Gabriella Cilmi's The Sting

Bloc Party Silent Alarm (*additional production only : produced by Paul Epworth)

Jamie N Commons The Baron EP

Last Dinosaurs In A Million Years Album (mix only)

Police Dog Hogan From the Land of Miracles Album

He was the recipient of the 2011 MPG Breakthrough Producer of The Year award.

Off with Their Heads (album)
Off with Their Heads is the third studio album by English rock band Kaiser Chiefs, and was released on 20 October 2008 in the UK, and on 25 August 2009 in the United States. The lead single from the album was "Never Miss a Beat", released two months before the album. The album charted at number two on the UK Albums Chart during the week of 26 October 2008 and at number 16 in the Irish Albums Chart of the week of 24 October.
Vronsky & Babin
Vronsky & Babin were regarded by many as one of the foremost duo-piano teams of the twentieth century.  Vitya Vronsky (Viktoria Mikhailovna Vronskaya, 22 August 1909 – 28 June 1992) was born in the Crimean city of Yevpatoria, Ukraine.  Victor Babin (Viktor Genrikhovich Babin, 13 December 1908 – 1 March 1972) was born in Moscow, Russia. They both died in Cleveland, Ohio, United States.

Yevpatoria
Yevpatoria (Ukrainian: Євпаторія, romanized: Yevpatoriia; Russian: Евпатория, romanized: Yevpatoriya; Crimean Tatar: Kezlev, Кезлев; Greek: Ευπατορία, romanized: Eupatoría) is a city in western Crimea, north of Kalamita Bay. Yevpatoria serves as the administrative center of Yevpatoria Municipality, one of the districts (raions) into which Crimea is divided. It had a population of 105,719 (2014 Census).
Corder House and Sydenham House
Corder House and Sydenham House are two, adjacent, Grade II listed buildings on Fawcett Street, in Sunderland, Tyne and Wear, England. Designed by Frank Caws in the Neo-Moorish style, they were constructed in brick from 1889–1891 by David and John Rankin with terracotta features by J. C. Edwards of Ruabon.

Frank Caws
Francis Edward Caws (21 August 1846  – 8 April 1905) was an English architect.

Caws was born in Seaview, Isle of Wight. He was the son of Silas Harvey Caws and his wife, Emma Matilda (née Cave).

Caws married Catherine Francis Riddett of Ryde at St Helens Church Isle of Wight on 4 February 1868.
Variation suite
Variation suite is a musical genre most popular during the early Baroque era. The variation suite consists of two or more movements where the first movement presents a theme and the remaining movements present variations on that theme. Movements in the variation suite are typically dance or dance-like forms, and are all in the same main key area. This cyclic form was predominantly used by German composers.

Paul Peuerl is credited with composing the first true variation suites, which were included in his Neue Paduan (1611). The form was codified by Johann Hermann Schein in his 1617 Banchetto musicale. Both based their compositional technique in the variation suite on the earlier varied couples form. The form is generally considered a hybrid of the theme and variations and the suite.

Paul Peuerl
Paul Peuerl (also Bäurl, Beuerlin, Bäwerl, Agricola, Peyerl; 13 June 1570 (baptised), in Stuttgart – after 1625) was a German organist, organ builder, renovator and repairer, and composer of instrumental music.

From November 1601 he was organist in Horn and from late 1609 in Steyr. He built organs in Steyr, Horn, Enns, and Wilhering. Peuerl wrote the earliest published trio sonatas outside of Italy. His work on the suite form was for his time significant and influential. In 1625 he fled Steyr for religious reasons; his fate afterwards is unknown.

Musicologists began to research his work in 1865. A complete edition was published in 1929.
Tent platform
A tent platform is a floor for the purpose of pitching one or more tents upon. Typically, it is a wooden deck near a hiking trail that provides the hikers a clean and even place to sleep. It may also prevent the campers from trampling down the surrounding vegetation. Many campsites have tent platforms.
Mountaineers sometimes build tent platforms in their base camps from materials such as pebble or snow.

There are roofed, suspended, floating, stacked or portable tent platforms. There are tent platforms mounted on top of automobiles, which support roof tents.
Large-sized commercial or military tents do often stand on flooring systems, which are large-sized tent platforms.

Campsite
Campsite, campground, and camping pitch are all related terms regarding a place used for camping (an overnight stay in an outdoor area). The usage differs between British English and American English.

In British English, a campsite is an area, usually divided into a number of camping pitches, where people can camp overnight using tents, campervans or caravans. In the US, the expression used is campground and not campsite. In American English, the term campsite generally means an area where an individual, family, group, or military unit can pitch a tent or park a camper; a campground may contain many campsites.

There are two types of campsites (US) or pitches (UK): one, a designated area with various facilities; or two, an impromptu area (as one might decide to stop while backpacking or hiking, or simply adjacent to a road through the wilderness).
Las Delicias, Baja California
Las Delicias is a suburb in the city of Tijuana in the Mexican state of Baja California. The suburb had a population of 15,486 as of 2010.

Las Delicias observes Daylight Saving Time (DST) with time zone PDT (GMT -07:00)

Tijuana Municipality
Tijuana Municipality is a municipality in the Mexican state of Baja California. Its municipal seat is located in the city of Tijuana. According to the 2020 census, the municipality had a population of 1,922,523. Montserrat Caballero of the MORENA is the current mayor. The municipality comprises the largest part of the Tijuana metropolitan area.

Tijuana is bordered to the south by the municipalities of Rosarito Beach and Ensenada; to the east, by the municipality of Tecate; to the west, by the Pacific Ocean; and to the north, by the international border with the United States, specifically the County of San Diego, California. The area of the municipality of Tijuana is 879.2 km2 (339.46 sq mi); the municipality includes part of the Coronado Islands, located off the coast of the municipality in the Pacific Ocean.

The city of Tijuana lies just south of San Diego, California. The adjacent city and former borough of Tijuana is Rosarito Beach.
Boom! Boom! Boom!
Boom! Boom! Boom! is the second album by the Kelley Deal 6000, released in 1997. "Brillo Hunt" was the album's first single; the title refers to the practice of using steel wool to filter crack cocaine.

The Kelley Deal 6000
The Kelley Deal 6000 was an alternative rock band formed in St. Paul, Minnesota and was active between 1995 and 1997. They were formed by Kelley Deal in 1995, while her main band The Breeders was on hiatus and after she had just completed a stint in rehab. The band released two albums in 1995 and 1997, before Kelley went back to rejoin The Breeders the following year.
Peter Gullestad
Peter Andreas Gullestad (born 25 September 1948) is a Norwegian civil servant.

He was born in Bergen, and took the cand.oecon. degree in 1976. He was hired in the Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries in 1977, and climbed in the hierarchy to become assisting director in 1995. From 1996 to 2008 he served as director.

Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries
The Norwegian Directorate of Fisheries (Norwegian: Fiskeridirektoratet) is a Norwegian government agency. On 1 January 2014, it was incorporated into the new Ministry of Trade, Industry and Fisheries formerly under the Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs.

Established in 1900, it is responsible for advising and executing the ministry's policy. It formerly conducted research, but the Institute of Marine Research was split out in 1989. The organization consists of a headquarters in Bergen, seven regional offices and more than twenty local offices spread around the country.
Southeast African cheetah
The Southeast African cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus jubatus) is the nominate cheetah subspecies native to East and Southern Africa. The Southern African cheetah lives mainly in the lowland areas and deserts of the Kalahari, the savannahs of Okavango Delta, and the grasslands of the Transvaal region in South Africa. In Namibia, cheetahs are mostly found in farmlands. In India, four cheetahs of the subspecies are living in Kuno National Park in Madhya Pradesh after having been introduced there.

Free State (province)
The Free State is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Bloemfontein, which is also South Africa's judicial capital. Its historical origins lie in the Boer republic called the Orange Free State and later the Orange Free State Province.