hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ehrlich, Washington
Ehrlich is an extinct town in Skagit County, in the U.S. state of Washington. The settlement and accompanying rail station were originally named Theiler's Spur. The community was renamed Ehrlich around 1900 after F. O. Ehrlich established a shingle mill in the area.

Ehrlich was built on land originally homesteaded by Joseph and Anna Theiler in 1886. Early settlers included Albert Fisher, who came in 1897, the Weppler family in 1895, and the family of Charles McInnes in 1901.

A school was established along the west bank of Lake Creek in 1902. That school is now a private residence on Triple Creek Lane.

A post office called Ehrlich was established in 1896, and remained in operation until 1915.

Skagit County, Washington
Skagit County /ˈskædʒɪt/ is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 129,523. The county seat and largest city is Mount Vernon. The county was formed in 1883 from the southern part of Whatcom County and is named for the Upper and Lower Skagit Indian tribes, which have been indigenous to the area prior to European-American settlement.

Skagit County comprises the Mount Vernon-Anacortes, WA Metropolitan Statistical Area, and is included in the Seattle-Tacoma, WA Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Puget Sound region, and it is known for its strong agricultural sector and annual tulip festival.
Corex Process
The Corex Process is a smelting reduction process created by Primetals Technologies as a more environmentally friendly alternative to the blast furnace. Presently, the majority of steel production is through the blast furnace which has to rely on coking coal and requires a sinter plant in order to prepare the iron ore for reduction.   Unlike the blast furnace, smelting reduction processes are typical smaller and use coal and oxygen directly to reduce iron ore into a usable product.

Smelting reduction processes come in two basic varieties, two-stage or single-stage.  In a single-stage system the iron ore is both reduced and melted in the same container. In a two-stage process, like Corex, the ore is reduced in one shaft and melted and purified in another. Plants using the Corex process have been put use in areas such as South Africa, India, and China.
First COREX process was installed in 1988 at South Africa.

Saldanha Steel
Saldanha Steel was a South African steel company originally formed as a partnership between Iscor Limited and the Industrial Development Corporation (IDC). Saldanha Steel is now part of ArcelorMittal South Africa, which in turn is part of global steel company ArcelorMittal. The mill was shut down and mothballed in 2020 resulting in the loss of 1500 jobs.
Bilkees Latif
Bilkees Idrees Latīf (c. 1930 – 27 October 2017) was an Indian social worker and writer from Telangana, known for her work in the slums of India. She was a founding member of INTACH.

She is the author of several articles and five books, including Essential Andhra Cookbook, Fragrance of Forgotten Years and The Ladder of His Life : Biography of Air Chief Marshal Idris Latif. The Government of India awarded her the fourth-highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2009, for her contributions to society.

Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage
The Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage (INTACH) is a non-profit charitable organisation registered under the Societies Registration Act, 1860.

In 2007, the United Nations awarded INTACH a special consultative status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council.
1945 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship 1945 was the 59th series of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, Ireland's premier hurling knock-out competition.  Tipperary won the championship, beating Kilkenny 5–6 to 3–6 in the final.

1945 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship final
The 1945 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship Final was the 58th All-Ireland Final and the culmination of the 1945 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, an inter-county hurling tournament for the top teams in Ireland. The match was held at Croke Park, Dublin, on 2 September 1945, between Kilkenny and Tipperary. The Leinster champions lost to their Munster opponents on a score line of 5–6 to 3–6. Tipperary were captained by John Maher.
Arab Liberation Movement
The Arab Liberation Movement (Arabic: حركة التحرر العربي Ḥarakat Al-Tahrir Al-'Arabiy; French: Mouvement du liberation arabe) was a Syrian political party founded on 25 August 1952 by the President of Syria Adib Shishakli. It was the only legal party in Syria from its inception until 1954.

Adib Shishakli
Adib ash-Shishakli (1909 – 27 September 1964, Arabic: أديب الشيشكلي, romanized: ʾAdīb aš-Šīšaklī) was a Syrian military officer who served as President of Syria briefly in 1951 and later from 1953 to 1954. He was overthrown and later assassinated.
The Phantom of the Opera at the Royal Albert Hall
The Phantom of the Opera at the Royal Albert Hall is a 2011 British concert film adaptation of the 1986 stage musical The Phantom of the Opera by Andrew Lloyd Webber, itself based on the 1910 novel by Gaston Leroux.

To celebrate the 25th anniversary of the musical, three special performances on Saturday 1 October 2011 at 7.30pm and Sunday 2 October 2011 at 1.30pm and 7.00pm were filmed at the Royal Albert Hall, the third of which was screened live worldwide on 2 October 2011. For further releases, footage from all three performances was edited together.

Christine Daaé
Christine Daaé is a fictional character and the female protagonist of Gaston Leroux's 1910 novel The Phantom of the Opera and of the various adaptations of the work. Erik, the Phantom of the Opera and Viscount Raoul de Chagny both fall in love with her.
Chimalpopoca (Tlacopan)
Chimalpopoca (died in the year 10 House (1489)) was the third tlatoani (ruler) of the Tepanec city-state of Tlacopan. Chimalpopoca attended the festivities of the opening of the last phase of the Templo Mayor in 1487.

He proclaimed his son, Totoquihuatzli II, as his successor before his death in 1489.

Tlacopan
Tlacopan, also called Tacuba, (Classical Nahuatl: Tlacōpan, [t͡ɬaˈkóːpan̥]) was a Tepanec / Mexica altepetl on the western shore of Lake Texcoco. The site is today the neighborhood of Tacuba, in Mexico City.
Marjorie Senechal
Marjorie Lee Senechal (née Wikler, born 1939) is an American mathematician and historian of science, the Louise Wolff Kahn Professor Emerita in Mathematics and History of Science and Technology at Smith College and former editor-in-chief of the Mathematical Intelligencer, where she now edits the Mathematical Communities column. In mathematics, she is known for her work on tessellations and quasicrystals; she has also studied ancient Parthian electric batteries and published several books about silk.

The Mathematical Intelligencer
The Mathematical Intelligencer is a mathematical journal published by Springer Science+Business Media that aims at a conversational and scholarly tone, rather than the technical and specialist tone more common among academic journals. Volumes are released quarterly with a subset of open access articles. Some articles have been cross-published in the Scientific American. Karen Parshall and Sergei Tabachnikov are  currently the co-editors-in-chief.
Kurt-Jürgen Freiherr von Lützow
Kurt-Jürgen Freiherr von Lützow (7 August 1892 – 20 July 1961) was a German general during World War II and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves, awarded by Nazi Germany for successful military leadership.

Lützow was born near Marienwerder. He surrendered to the Red Army in the course of the Soviet 1944 Operation Bagration in an encirclement near Bobruisk. In Moscow on 29 June 1950, he was sentenced to 25 years in prison for war crimes. In January 1956, he was released from prison and repatriated.

Kwidzyn
Kwidzyn (Polish pronunciation: [ˈkfʲid͡zɨn] ⓘ; German: Marienwerder [maˌʁiːənˈvɛʁdɐ] ⓘ) is a town in northern Poland on the Liwa River. With a population of 36,731, it is the capital of Kwidzyn County in the Pomeranian Voivodeship.
Nanna Nenu Naa Boyfriends
Nanna Nenu Naa Boyfriends (transl. Father, Me and my boyfriends) is a 2016 Indian Telugu romantic comedy film directed by debutant Bhaskar Bandi and cinematography by Chota K. Naidu. Starring  Rao Ramesh, Hebah Patel, Tejaswi Madivada, Ashwin Babu, Noel Sean and Parvateesam. Music by Sekhar Chandra. Screenplay and Dialogues by Prasanna Kumar Bezawada. Produced by Bekkam Venugopal under the banner Lucky Media Pvt Ltd and Distributed by Dil Raju under the banner Sri Venkateswara Creations. The film was released on 16 December 2016.

Prasanna Kumar Bezawada
Prasanna Kumar Bezawada (born 16 June 1985) is an Indian screenwriter and lyricist who works in Telugu films. He is known for writing films like Cinema Choopistha Mava, Naanna Nenu Naa Boyfriends, Nenu Local, Hello Guru Prema Kosame, Dhamaka and Das Ka Dhamki.
Lacrimal artery
The lacrimal artery is an artery of the orbit. It is a branch of the ophthalmic artery. It accompanies the lacrimal nerve along the upper border of the lateral rectus muscle, travelling forward to reach the lacrimal gland. It supplies the lacrimal gland, as well as two rectus muscles of the eye, the eyelids, and the conjunctiva.

Extraocular muscles
The extraocular muscles, or extrinsic ocular muscles, are the seven extrinsic muscles of the eye in humans and other animals. Six of the extraocular muscles, the four recti muscles, and the superior and inferior oblique muscles, control movement of the eye. The other muscle, the levator palpebrae superioris, controls eyelid elevation. The actions of the six muscles responsible for eye movement depend on the position of the eye at the time of muscle contraction.

The ciliary muscle, pupillary sphincter muscle and pupillary dilator muscle sometimes are called intrinsic ocular muscles or intraocular muscles.
Bloomington Township, Buchanan County, Missouri
Bloomington Township is a township in Buchanan County, Missouri, United States. At the 2020 census, its population was 695.

Bloomington Township was organized in 1839; the name Bloomington is an old variant name of De Kalb.

Buchanan County, Missouri
Buchanan County is located in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 84,793. Its county seat is St. Joseph. When originally formed in 1838, the county was named Roberts County, after settler Hiram Roberts. It was renamed in 1839 for James Buchanan, then a U.S. Senator and later President of the United States. The county was formed from land annexed to Missouri, as were five other counties. Buchanan County is included in the Kansas City CSA.
Horodok Raion, Lviv Oblast
Horodok Raion (Ukrainian: Городоцький район) was a raion (district) in Lviv Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center was the city of Horodok. The area of the district was 727 square kilometres (281 sq mi). It bordered with Yavoriv, Pustomyty, Mykolaiv, Drohobych, Sambir, and Mostyska raions. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Horodok Raion was merged into newly established Lviv Raion. The last estimate of the population of the raion was 68,428 (2020 est.).

It was established in 1939.

At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of three hromadas:

Horodok urban hromada with the administration in Horodok;

Komarno urban hromada with the administration in the city of Komarno;

Velykyi Liubin settlement hromada with the administration in the urban-type settlement of Velykyi Liubin.

Lviv Raion
Lviv Raion (Ukrainian: Львівський район) is a raion (district) of Lviv Oblast, Ukraine. It was created on 18 July 2020 as part of Ukraine's administrative reform. The center of the region is the city of Lviv. The raion was formed by merging four abolished raions, Horodok, Peremyshliany, Pustomyty, and Zhovkva Raions, as well as Lviv Municipality and parts of Kamianka-Buzka and Zolochiv Raions. Population: 1,141,119 (2022 estimate).
Robert Hazen
Robert Miller Hazen (born November 1, 1948) is an American mineralogist and astrobiologist. He is a research scientist at the Carnegie Institution of Washington's Geophysical Laboratory and Clarence Robinson Professor of Earth Science at George Mason University, in the United States. Hazen is the Executive Director of the Deep Carbon Observatory.

Deep Carbon Observatory
The Deep Carbon Observatory (DCO) is a global research program designed to transform understanding of carbon's role in Earth. DCO is a community of scientists, including biologists, physicists, geoscientists and chemists, whose work crosses several traditional disciplinary lines to develop the new, integrative field of deep carbon science. To complement this research, the DCO's infrastructure includes public engagement and education, online and offline community support, innovative data management, and novel instrumentation development.

In December 2018, researchers announced that considerable amounts of life forms, including 70% of bacteria and archea on Earth, comprising up to 23 billion tonnes of carbon, live up to at least 4.8 km (3.0 mi) deep underground, including 2.5 km (1.6 mi) below the seabed, according to a ten-year Deep Carbon Observatory project.
Unconstitutional constitutional amendment
An unconstitutional constitutional amendment is a concept in judicial review based on the idea that even a properly passed and properly ratified constitutional amendment, specifically one that is not explicitly prohibited by a constitution's text, can nevertheless be unconstitutional on substantive (as opposed to procedural) grounds—such as due to this amendment conflicting with some constitutional or even extra-constitutional norm, value, and/or principle. As Israeli legal academic Yaniv Roznai's 2017 book Unconstitutional Constitutional Amendments: The Limits of Amendment Powers demonstrates, the unconstitutional constitutional amendment doctrine has been adopted by various courts and legal scholars in various countries throughout history. While this doctrine has generally applied specifically to constitutional amendments, there have been moves and proposals to also apply this doctrine to original parts of a constitution.

Constitutionality
Constitutionality is the quality of being acceptable under a supreme law with regard to the status of a norm, a procedure, or an act's accordance with the constitution set forth by an applicable jurisdiction. Laws, procedures, or acts that directly violate the constitution are considered unconstitutional. All others are considered constitutional unless deemed otherwise by a legitimate authority and through a legitimate mechanism.
Serge Haroche
Serge Haroche (born 11 September 1944) is a French physicist who was awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize for Physics jointly with David J. Wineland for "ground-breaking experimental methods that enable measuring and manipulation of individual quantum systems", a study of the particle of light, the photon. This and his other works developed laser spectroscopy. Since 2001, Haroche is a professor at the Collège de France and holds the chair of quantum physics and in 2022 he had the Fermi Chair of Physics at University of Rome La Sapienza.

In 1971 he defended his doctoral thesis in physics at the University of Paris VI: his research had been conducted under the direction of Claude Cohen-Tannoudji.

Collège de France
The Collège de France (French pronunciation: [kɔlɛʒ də fʁɑ̃s] ⓘ; formerly known as the Collège Royal or as the Collège impérial), founded in 1530 by François I, is a higher education and research establishment (grand établissement) in France. It is located in Paris near La Sorbonne. The Collège de France has been considered to be France's most prestigious research establishment. It is an associate member of PSL University.

Research and teaching are closely linked at the Collège de France, whose ambition is to teach "the knowledge that is being built up in all fields of literature, science and the arts".
Bird Global
Bird Global, Inc., is a micromobility company based in Miami, Florida.: 43  Founded in September 2017, Bird has distributed electric scooters designed for short-term rental to over 350 cities.: 9  In April 2024, it was acquired by Third Lane Mobility to avoid bankruptcy.

E-scooter
An e-scooter or electric kick scooter is an electric motorized scooter – a stand-up scooter powered by an electric hub motor in its front and/or rear wheel. It is generally designed with a large center deck on which the rider stands.

They are classified as a form of micromobility; e-scooters are included in scooter-sharing systems that use apps to allow users to rent them by the minute. Such systems are now present in major and mid-sized cities all over the world.
Storry Walton
Storry Walton AM is an Australian academic, writer, producer and director. He produced and directed many television plays and serials, including My Brother Jack. He has directed ABC documentaries on art and on rural matters. While based in London, made programs for the BBC-TV social documentary series, Man Alive.

He was an early director of the Australian Film and Television School and had a long relationship with the National Institute of Dramatic Art.

In 1984 Walton was made a Member of the Order of Australia for "service to the Australian film industry, particularly as director of the Australian Film and Television School".

Australian Film, Television and Radio School
The Australian Film, Television and Radio School (AFTRS), formerly Australian Film and Television School, is Australia's national screen arts and broadcast school. Opened to students in 1973 as Film and Television School (FTS), after accreditation with CILECT it was renamed Australian Film Television School (AFTS) in 1976. To coincide with a move to a new location around 1986, the school was renamed the Australian Film Television and Radio School. The school is a Commonwealth Government statutory authority, and is ranked by The Hollywood Reporter as one of 15 top global film schools.

AFTRS has been the training ground for many of Australia's most well-known directors and other filmmakers, including Gillian Armstrong, Philip Noyce, Rolf de Heer, Rachel Perkins, Ivan Sen, Warwick Thornton, and Kriv Stenders, as well as many cinematographers, film editors, composers, and screenwriters. In addition, there are many radio and television presenters among its alumni, including David Speers.
Rei Okamoto
Rei Okamoto (岡本玲, Okamoto Rei; born June 18, 1991, in Wakayama, Wakayama) is a Japanese model and actress who stars as Mia Amagishi in Threads of Destiny. She also appears in the NHK Asadora Jun and Ai (2012).

Threads of Destiny
Threads of Destiny (Japanese: 赤い糸, Hepburn: Akai Ito; lit. "Red Thread") is a 2006 cell phone novel series written by Mei. Akai Ito was first published on the website Mahō no Toshōkan, where it became the #1 ranked story within the first month of publication. The popularity of Akai Ito has been associated with the boom of cell phone novels in the mid-2000s in Japan. The novel was later published as a series of five books, which sold a consecutive total of 1.8 million physical copies.

The success of Akai Ito has led to a manga adaptation by Cocco Kashiwaya, a television and film project released under the title Threads of Destiny, and two video game adaptations.
Common Sense Is All You Need
Common Sense Is All You Need is a 1947 detective novel by the British author Alfred Walter Stewart, published under his pseudonym J.J. Connington. It was his last novel, published by Hodder and Stoughton the year of his death, and featured his regular character Sir Clinton Driffield. It was the seventeenth in a series of novels featuring Driffield, a Chief Constable of a rural English county, published during the Golden Age of Detective Fiction. Although published during the postwar era. it is set during the Second World War with German bombing raids taking place.

Sir Clinton Driffield
Sir Clinton Driffield is a fictional police detective created by the British author  J.J. Connington. He was one of numerous detectives created during the Golden Age of Detective Fiction, making his first appearance in Murder in the Maze in 1927. He appeared in four subsequent novels by 1929 when Connington apparently wished to write him out following Nemesis at Raynham Parva. However, his replacement  Superintendent Ross failed to gain the same level of popularity over two novels and Sir Clinton returned in the 1931 mystery The Boathouse Riddle. He went on to appear in a further eleven novels. The last entry Common Sense Is All You Need was published the year of Connington's death in 1947 and is set in wartime Britain.
Carinariidae
Carinariidae, known by the common name "heteropods" like their relatives in the Pterotracheoidea, is a taxonomic family of swimming or floating sea snails, pelagic marine gastropod molluscs in the clade Littorinimorpha.

Pterotracheoidea
The Pterotracheoidea is, according to the Taxonomy of the Gastropoda (Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005), a taxonomic superfamily of sea snails or sea slugs, marine gastropod molluscs  in the order Littorinimorpha. They are commonly called heteropods or sea elephants.
Severny Island
Severny Island (Russian: Се́верный о́стров, romanized: Severnyy ostrov, lit. 'Northern Island') is a Russian Arctic island. It is the northern island of the Novaya Zemlya archipelago.
It was historically called Lütke Land after Friedrich Benjamin von Lütke, who explored it. It lies approximately 400 km north of the Russian mainland. It has an area of 48,904 square kilometres (18,882 sq mi), making it the 30th-largest island in the world and the 3rd-largest uninhabited island in the world, although there was formerly a settlement at Lagerni on the northern shore of the narrow Matochkin Strait. It is part of the Russian Arctic National Park (along with Franz Josef Land which lies to the north).

Russian Arctic National Park
Russian Arctic National Park (Russian: Национальный парк "Русская Арктика") is a national park of Russia, which was established in June 2009.  It was expanded in 2016, and it covers a large and remote area of the Arctic Ocean, the northern part of Novaya Zemlya (Severny Island), and Franz Josef Land.
Marshall House, Cambridge
Marshall House has been the President's Lodge at Lucy Cavendish College, Cambridge, England, since 2001. It was designed by the Scottish architect J. J. Stevenson and built in 1886. It is a Grade II listed building.

In 1991 the college bought Balliol Croft, a neighbouring house to its grounds and former home of the economist Alfred Marshall and his wife Mary Paley Marshall, with whom he wrote his first economics textbook.  He was a Fellow at St John's College, Cambridge, she at Newnham College, Cambridge. The building was renamed Marshall House in his honour and used for student accommodation. In 2001 it was converted back to its original layout and used as the President's Lodge.

J. J. Stevenson
John James Stevenson FSA FRSE FRIBA (24 August 1831 – 5 May 1908), usually referred to as J. J. Stevenson, was a Scottish architect of the late-Victorian era. Born in Glasgow, he worked in Glasgow, Edinburgh and London. He is particularly associated with the Queen Anne revival style.
Ortasu, Uludere
Ortasu (Kurdish: Robozik) is a village in the Uludere District of Şırnak Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Goyan and Sindî tribes and had a population of 1,237 in 2023.

The hamlets of Alancık and Tarlabaşı are attached to Ortasu.

Uludere District
Uludere District (Kurdish: Qileban) is a district of the Şırnak Province of Turkey. In 2023, the district had a population of 46,740. The seat of the district is the town of Uludere. Its area is 841 km2.

The district was formed in 1957.

Around 90% of the district is populated by Kurds from the Goyan tribe. The Kaşuran tribe also reside in the district.