hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abdul-Ilah al-Bashir al-Noeimi
Abdul-Ilah al-Bashir al-Noeimi (Arabic: عبد الإله البشير النعيمي; c. 1960) is the former Chief of Staff of the Supreme Military Council (SMC) of the Free Syrian Army. He was succeeded by Albay Ahmed Berri in October 2014.

Supreme Military Council (Syria)
The Supreme Military Council (SMC) (Arabic: المجلس العسكري الأعلى, also called the Supreme Military Command) was the highest military leadership of the Free Syrian Army (FSA) from late 2012 to at least mid-2015. The establishment of the organisation was announced on 7 December 2012 with the backing of western and Arab powers as a means of financing and arming Syrian rebel forces.

The Supreme Military Council of the FSA recognized the National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces as the "civil authority" of the Syrian opposition.
Local ring
In mathematics, more specifically in ring theory, local rings are certain rings that are comparatively simple, and serve to describe what is called "local behaviour", in the sense of functions defined on algebraic varieties or manifolds, or of algebraic number fields examined at a particular place, or prime. Local algebra is the branch of commutative algebra that studies commutative local rings and their modules.

In practice, a commutative local ring often arises as the result of the localization of a ring at a prime ideal.

The concept of local rings was introduced by Wolfgang Krull in 1938 under the name Stellenringe.  The English term local ring is due to Zariski.

Wolfgang Krull
Wolfgang Krull (26 August 1899 – 12 April 1971) was a German mathematician who made fundamental contributions to commutative algebra, introducing concepts that are now central to the subject.

Krull was born and went to school in Baden-Baden.  He attended the Universities of Freiburg, Rostock and finally Göttingen from 1919–1921, where he earned his doctorate under Alfred Loewy. He worked as an instructor and professor at Freiburg, then spent a decade at the University of Erlangen. In 1939, Krull moved to become chair at the University of Bonn, where he remained for the rest of his life. Wolfgang Krull was a member of the Nazi Party.

His 35 doctoral students include Wilfried Brauer, Karl-Otto Stöhr and Jürgen Neukirch.
Seven Seas to Calais
Seven Seas to Calais (Italian: Il dominatore dei sette mari) is a 1962 Italian adventure film in Eastmancolor and CinemaScope, produced by Paolo Moffa, directed by Rudolph Maté (his final film) and Primo Zeglio, that stars Rod Taylor, Keith Michell, and Edy Vessel. The film depicts the career of Britain's Sir Francis Drake.

Rudolph Maté
Rudolph Maté (born Rudolf Mayer; 21 January 1898 – 27 October 1964) was a Polish-Hungarian cinematographer who worked in Hungary, Austria, Germany, and France. He collaborated with notable directors including Fritz Lang, René Clair, and Carl Theodor Dreyer, attracting notable recognition for The Passion of Joan of Arc (1928) and Vampyr (1932).

In 1935, he relocated to the United States serving as a cinematographer on notable Hollywood films, including Dodsworth (1936), Foreign Correspondent (1940), and Gilda (1946). By 1947, Maté became a film director, with notable titles such as D.O.A. (1950), When Worlds Collide (1951), and The 300 Spartans (1962).
2004 United States House of Representatives elections in Minnesota
The 2004 congressional elections in Minnesota were held on November 2, 2004, to determine who would represent the state of Minnesota in the United States House of Representatives.

Minnesota had eight seats in the House, apportioned according to the 2000 United States census.  Representatives are elected for two-year terms; those elected served in the 109th Congress from January 3, 2005, until January 3, 2007.  The election coincided with the 2004 presidential election. All of the incumbents who represented Minnesota in the United States House of Representative in the 108th Congress were re-elected to the 109th Congress.

Mark Kennedy (politician)
Mark Raymond Kennedy (born April 11, 1957) is an American businessman, politician, and university administrator. Following a career as a business executive, he served as a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from Minnesota from 2001 to 2007. Kennedy did not seek reelection in 2006, instead running in the 2006 election for U.S. Senate, which he lost to Democratic–Farmer–Labor nominee Amy Klobuchar.

Afterward, he joined George Washington University and became director of The Graduate School of Political Management in 2012. He later became 12th president of the University of North Dakota, serving from 2016 to 2019 before becoming the 23rd president of the University of Colorado (CU) system, in office from 2019 to 2021.

In 2023, Kennedy began serving as Director of the Wilson Center's Wahba Institute for Strategic Competition, but has since left that position.
Chelaethiops
Chelaethiops is a genus of freshwater ray-finned fishes belonging to the family Danionidae, the danionins or danios. The fishes in this genus are found in lakes and rivers of Africa. While commonly called "sardines", they are not related to the true sardines of the family Clupeidae.

Danionin
The danionins are a group of small, slender "minnow-type" freshwater fish nestled in the family Danionidae of the suborder Cyprinoidei. Species of this group are in the genera clades Danio and Devario (which also includes Chela, Laubuka, Microdevario, and Microrasbora genera), based on the latest phylo-genetic research by Fang et al in 2009. They are primarily native to the fresh waters of South and Southeast Asia, with fewer species in Africa. Many species are brightly coloured and are available as aquarium fish worldwide. Fishes of the Danio clade tend to have horizontal striping, rows of spots, or vertical bars, and often have long barbels. Species within the Devario clade tend to have vertical or horizontal bars, and short, rudimentary barbels, if present at all. All danionins are egg scatterers, and breed in the rainy season in the wild. They are carnivores, living on insects and small crustaceans.
Angela Dohrmann
Angela Dohrmann is an American actress and television personality.

She was a VJ for MuchMusic, the Canadian music video channel, in the early 1990s. She also pursued a career in acting, with a supporting role in the CBC Television sitcom Material World. After leaving MuchMusic, she returned to the United States and pursued acting roles, including guest appearances on Seinfeld (as Donna Chang in the episode "The Chinese Woman"), Ellen and Star Trek: Voyager, and recurring roles on The Drew Carey Show and Nash Bridges.

Nash Bridges
Nash Bridges is an American police procedural television series created by Carlton Cuse. The show stars Don Johnson and Cheech Marin as two inspectors with the San Francisco Police Department's Special Investigations Unit (SIU).

The series ran for six seasons on CBS from March 29, 1996, to May 4, 2001. A total of 122 episodes aired.

A TV film was aired on the USA Network in 2021.
Presaddfed Hall
Presaddfed Hall is a small Grade II* listed country house that stands amongst woodlands to the northeast of Bodedern, Wales, at the southern tip of Llyn Llywenan. Today the hall is a self-catering accommodation for rent. A walled garden lies to the east of the house.

Bodedern
Bodedern is a village and community in the west of Anglesey, Wales. At the 2001 census, it had a population of 1,074, decreasing slightly to 1,051 at the 2011 census. The community includes the settlements of Llanllibio and Pen-llyn.
Petter Løvik
Petter Løvik (11 July 1949 – 3 December 2007) was a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Møre og Romsdal in 1997 and was re-elected on two occasions. He had previously served in the position of deputy representative during the terms 1989–1993 and 1993–1997.

Løvik was born in Volda and held various positions in the municipal council for Volda Municipality from 1979 to 1997. From 1987 to 1991 he was deputy member of Møre og Romsdal county council.

He died from cancer in December 2007 at the age of 58.

Møre og Romsdal (Storting constituency)
Møre og Romsdal is one of the 19 multi-member constituencies of the Storting, the national legislature of Norway. The constituency was established as Møre in 1921 following the introduction of proportional representation for elections to the Storting. It was renamed Møre og Romsdal from 1935. It is conterminous with the county of Møre og Romsdal. The constituency currently elects seven of the 169 members of the Storting using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2025 parliamentary election it had 196,531 registered electors.
Battle of the Strait of Gibraltar (1590)
The First Battle of the Strait of Gibraltar was a naval engagement that took place on 24 April 1590 during the Anglo-Spanish War. Ten English armed merchant vessels of the Levant Company were met and intercepted by twelve Spanish galleys under Pedro de Acuña in the service of Spain in the region of the Gibraltar Straits. English sources claim that the English were able to repel the galleys inflicting heavy losses after a six-hour fight, while Spanish sources show the battle as indecisive.

Levant Company
The Levant Company was an English chartered company formed in 1592. Elizabeth I of England approved its initial charter on 11 September 1592 when the Venice Company (1583) and the Turkey Company (1581) merged, because their charters had expired, as she was eager to maintain trade and political alliances with the Ottoman Empire.
Its initial charter was good for seven years and was granted to Edward Osborne, Richard Staper, Thomas Smith and William Garrard with the purpose of regulating English trade with the Ottoman Empire and the Levant. The company remained in continuous existence until being superseded in 1825. A member of the company was known as a Turkey Merchant.
Club Nacional
Club Nacional is a Paraguayan professional football club based in the neighbourhood of Obrero in Asunción. Founded in 1904, the club currently plays in the Paraguayan Primera División, and holds its home games at Estadio Arsenio Erico.

Internationally, the club is referred to as Nacional Asunción, in order to distinguish itself from Uruguay's Nacional and Colombia's Atlético Nacional.

Estadio Arsenio Erico
Estadio Arsenio Erico is a multi-use stadium in the neighbourhood of Barrio Obrero in Asunción, Paraguay. It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Club Nacional. The stadium holds 4,434 people. It is named after famous Paraguayan footballer Arsenio Erico. In August 2014, big screens were installed in the stadium for fans to see the Copa Libertadores final between Nacional and Argentine club San Lorenzo de Almagro.
The Curse of Peladon
The Curse of Peladon is the second serial of the ninth season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in four weekly parts on BBC1 from 29 January to 19 February 1972.

The serial is set on the superstitious and mineral-rich planet Peladon. In the serial, the alien time traveller the Third Doctor (Jon Pertwee) and his travelling companion Jo Grant (Katy Manning) discover the High Priest Hepesh (Geoffrey Toone) conspiring to stop Peladon from joining the Galactic Federation so that the old ways on the planet are preserved.

Geoffrey Toone
Geoffrey Toone (15 November 1910 – 1 June 2005) was an English actor and former matinee idol. He was born in Ireland to English parents. Most of his film roles after the 1930s were in supporting parts, usually as authority figures, though he did play the lead character in the Hammer Films production The Terror of the Tongs in 1961.
Powerhouse (The Jazz Crusaders album)
Powerhouse is a 1969 album by The Jazz Crusaders. It was their fourteenth album produced by Richard Bock for World Pacific Jazz Records. It was the first album in which Joe Sample played on the Fender Rhodes and according to Thom Jurek in his AllMusic review, would mark a turning point for the band.

Wayne Henderson (musician)
Wayne Maurice Henderson (September 24, 1939 – April 5, 2014) was an American jazz fusion and soul jazz trombonist and record producer. In 1961, he co-founded the soul jazz/jazz fusion group The Jazz Crusaders. Henderson left the group (who by then had changed their name to The Crusaders) in 1976 to pursue a career in producing, but revived The Jazz Crusaders in 1995.

In 2007, Henderson took a position with the California College of Music in Pasadena, California.

Henderson had suffered from diabetes and died of heart failure at a Culver City hospital on April 5, 2014, at age 74.
Joint assault signal company
A joint assault signal company (JASCO) was a joint service unit that provided ship to shore and air to ground communications to coordinate and control naval gunfire and close air support for American land forces during World War II. They were composed of specially trained officers and enlisted personnel from the Navy, Marines, and Army. The Army component was composed of Air Liaison Officers (now Forward Air Controllers) and enlisted communications technicians. JASCOs were created in the Pacific because previous small communication teams were ineffective and only served to clutter communications. After the costly Battle of Tarawa, the need for centralized command and control of air and naval fire support between the Navy, Marines, and Army was seen. Major General Alexander Vandegrift formed the Joint Assault Signal Companies based on his experiences in the Guadalcanal campaign. Navajo and other Native American code talkers were often attached to JASCOs.

4th Marine Division (United States)
The 4th Marine Division is a reserve division in the United States Marine Corps. It was raised in 1943 for service during World War II, and subsequently fought in the Pacific against the Japanese. Deactivated after the war, the division was re-formed in 1966 and elements of the division deployed during the Gulf War in 1990–1991, as well as during the Iraq War. It is currently the ground combat element of the Marine Forces Reserve and is headquartered in New Orleans, Louisiana, and has units throughout the United States.
Adalrich, Duke of Alsace
Adalrich (Latin: Adalricus; reconstructed Frankish: *Adalrik; d. 690 AD), also known as Eticho, was the Duke of Alsace, the founder of the family of the Etichonids and an important and influential figure in the power politic of late-seventh-century Austrasia. He may possibly be a progenitor of the House of Habsburg.

Adalrich's family originated in the pagus Attoariensis around Dijon in northern Burgundy. In the mid-seventh century, they began to be major founders and patrons of monasteries in the region under a duke named Amalgar and his wife Aquilina. They founded a convent at Brégille and an abbey for men at Bèze, installing children in both abbacies. They were succeeded by their third child, Adalrich, who was the father of Adalrich, Duke of Alsace.

Duchy of Alsace
The Duchy of Alsace (Latin: Ducatus Alsacensi, Ducatum Elisatium; German: Herzogtum Elsaß) was a large political subdivision of the Frankish Empire during the last century and a half of Merovingian rule. It corresponded to the territory of Alsace and was carved out of southern Austrasia in the last decade of the reign of Dagobert I, probably to stabilise the southern reaches of Austrasia against Alemannia and Burgundy. By the late Middle Ages, the region was considered part of Swabia.
Irvin-Hamrick Log House
Irvin-Hamrick Log House is a historic home located near Boiling Springs, Cleveland County, North Carolina.  It consists of log and frame sections.  The front log section was built about 1795, and is a small, two room, rectangular, gable roof structure. It features a full-width shed porch.  The frame rear addition was built after the American Civil War and is under a gable roof set perpendicular to the log house.  Also on the property is a small cemetery enclosed by a wrought iron fence.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.

Boiling Springs, North Carolina
Boiling Springs is a town in Cleveland County, North Carolina, United States, in the westernmost part of the Charlotte metropolitan area, approximately 50 miles away from the city. As of the 2020 census, Boiling Springs had a population of 4,615. It is home to Gardner–Webb University. The town is named after the natural spring found on the university's property, which feeds a small lake.
Ernst Ludwig Theodor Henke
Ernst Ludwig Theodor Henke (22 February 1804 in Helmstedt – 1 December 1872 in Marburg), was a German theologian and historian, and the son of the theologian Heinrich Henke (1752–1809). He was the father of anatomist Wilhelm von Henke (1834–1896).

From 1820, he studied at the Collegium Carolinum in Braunschweig, then continued his education at the Universities of Göttingen and Jena, where he was influenced by his later father-in-law Jakob Friedrich Fries (1773–1843) and Ludwig Baumgarten-Crusius (1788–1843). In 1826 he received his doctorate of philosophy, later returning to Braunschweig, where he taught classes at the Collegium Carolinum. In 1833 he was appointed an associate professor of church history and exegesis at Jena, followed by a full professorship at the University of Marburg (1839).

Helmstedt
Helmstedt (German pronunciation: [ˈhɛlmˌʃtɛt] ⓘ; Eastphalian: Helmstidde) is a town on the eastern edge of the German state of Lower Saxony. It is the capital of the District of Helmstedt. The historic university and Hanseatic city conserves an important monumental heritage of Romanesque and Renaissance buildings, as well as numerous timber framed houses. During the German partition the nearby Bundesautobahn 2 was the site of the Helmstedt–Marienborn border crossing, the most important on the former inner German border as starting point of the shortest land route between West Germany and West Berlin.
Caledonian Railway 0-4-4T
Caledonian Railway 0-4-4T steam locomotives were built for the Caledonian Railway, in Scotland, over many years. Most survived into London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) ownership in 1923 and some into British Railways (BR) ownership in 1948. Designers included Dugald Drummond, John Lambie, John F. McIntosh and William Pickersgill. A development of the Pickersgill design was introduced by the LMS in 1925.

John Lambie (engineer)
John Lambie was a Scottish engineer.  He was born in Saltcoats, Ayrshire, on 29 October 1833 and died in Glasgow on 1 February 1895. He was Locomotive Superintendent of the Caledonian Railway from 1891 to 1895.
Rochestown
51°52′37″N 8°23′24″W﻿ / ﻿51.877°N 8.39°W﻿ / 51.877; -8.39

Rochestown is a primarily residential area in Cork City, Ireland. Originally a somewhat rural area in County Cork, housing developments in the 20th and 21st centuries have connected the area to Douglas and nearby suburbs. The area was formally incorporated into Cork City following the 2019 Cork boundary change on 31 May 2019, along with the surrounding areas of Douglas, Grange and Frankfield. The R610 trunk road passes through the area, linking Rochestown and other villages in lower Cork Harbour, to the city centre. Rochestown Road also links Douglas with the N40 South Ring Road.

R610 road (Ireland)
The R610 road is a regional road in Ireland, located in County Cork and Cork City, beginning at a junction with the N28 and terminating on Parnell Place and Grand Parade in the city centre (N8 and N22 junctions respectively). The road connects Monkstown, Passage West and Glenbrook in County Cork with Rochestown, Douglas and the city centre in Cork City.
Robert T. Paine (zoologist)
Robert Treat "Bob" Paine III (April 13, 1933 – June 13, 2016) was an American ecologist who spent most of his career at the University of Washington. Paine coined the keystone species concept to explain the relationship between Pisaster ochraceus, a species of starfish, and Mytilus californianus, a species of mussel.

California mussel
The California mussel (Mytilus californianus) is a large edible mussel, a marine bivalve mollusk in the family Mytilidae.

This species is native to the west coast of North America, occurring from northern Mexico to the Aleutian Islands of Alaska.  California mussels are found clustered together, often in very large aggregations, on rocks in the upper intertidal zone on the open coast, where they are exposed to the strong action of the surf.
SCORE Class 5
SCORE Class 5 is described as "open wheel unlimited Baja Bug class that competes in the SCORE off-road race series races including the Baja 1000, Baja 500, San Felipe 250, Baja Sur 500 and the SCORE Desert Challenge.

The Volkswagen Beetle, or the "Bug" as it is nick-named, was one of the earliest types of vehicles to compete in desert racing, and the heritage of the Bug continues in several different classes.  Class 5 was originally the class which allowed the most modification of a stock Volkswagen for racing, and this was given the "unlimited" designation.  Other VW Beetle derived classes that are still in existence are the closely related Class 5/1600, which limits engines to the 1600cc VW air-cooled type, and Class 11, which is for stock VW Bugs.

San Felipe 250
The SCORE San Felipe 250 is a 250-mile Mexican off-road motorsport race that takes place near San Felipe on the Baja California Peninsula. It was first held in 1982 and is sanctioned by SCORE International.

The 2016 edition was the 30th anniversary of the race, occurring from February 25–28 in a loop format. The 2016 SCORE San Felipe 250 was the first round of a four-race series, including the SCORE Desert Challenge, the SCORE Baja 500 & the SCORE Baja 1000. The event included various types of vehicle classes such as small and large bore motorcycles, stock VW, production vehicles, buggies, trucks, and custom fabricated race vehicles. The course has remained relatively the same over the years with the majority of events being a loop race starting and finishing in San Felipe, Baja California.
Pascal Gabriel
Pascal Gabriel (born 15 December 1956) also known as Stubbleman, is a Belgian-born record producer, songwriter and musician based in London, England and Provence, France.

As a songwriter he was co-written for such artists as Dido and Kylie Minogue and Will Young

My Delirium
"My Delirium" is a song performed by New Zealand musician Ladyhawke. The third track on Ladyhawke's eponymous debut album, the song was released as a single on 8 December 2008. The most commercially successful single of Ladyhawke's to date, "My Delirium" sold over 70,000 copies in Australia, peaked at number nine on the New Zealand Singles Chart, number eight on the Australian ARIA Singles Chart and has reached the top 50 in the UK and Denmark.