hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nova Vulgata
The Nova Vulgata (complete title: Nova Vulgata Bibliorum Sacrorum Editio, transl. The New Vulgate Edition of the Holy Bible; abr. NV), also called the Neo-Vulgate, is the Catholic Church's official Latin translation of the original-language texts of the Catholic canon of the Bible published by the Holy See. It was completed in 1979, and was promulgated the same year by John Paul II in Scripturarum thesaurus. A second, revised edition was published in 1986. It is the official Latin text of the Bible of the Catholic Church. The Nova Vulgata is also called the New Latin Vulgate or the New Vulgate.

Before the Nova Vulgata, the Clementine Vulgate was the standard Bible of the Catholic Church. The Clementine version continues to be employed in liturgical celebrations using the pre–Vatican II liturgical books, including the 1961 Roman Breviary.

Liturgiam authenticam
Liturgiam authenticam (titled: De usu linguarum popularium in libris liturgiae Romanae edendis) is an instruction of the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments, dated 28 March 2001.

This instruction included the requirement that, in translations of the liturgical texts or of the Bible, "the original text, insofar as possible, must be translated integrally and in the most exact manner, without omissions or additions in terms of their content, and without paraphrases or glosses. Any adaptation to the characteristics or the nature of the various vernacular languages is to be sober and discreet." (n. 20)
Iiyama Line
The Iiyama Line (飯山線, Iiyama-sen) is a railway line in Japan linking Toyono Station in Nagano, Nagano Prefecture and Echigo-Kawaguchi Station in Nagaoka, Niigata Prefecture. It is operated by East Japan Railway Company (JR East).

Nagaoka, Niigata
Nagaoka (長岡市, Nagaoka-shi) is a city located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. It is the second largest city in the prefecture, after the capital city of Niigata. As of 4 August 2021, the city had an estimated population of 264,611 in 109,283 households and a population density of 300 inhabitants per square kilometre (780/sq mi). The total area of the city was 891.06 square kilometres (344.04 sq mi).
Wigner–Seitz radius
The Wigner–Seitz radius , named after Eugene Wigner and Frederick Seitz, is the radius of a sphere whose volume is equal to the mean volume per atom in a solid (for first group metals). In the more general case of metals having more valence electrons,  is the radius of a sphere whose volume is equal to the volume per a free electron. This parameter is used frequently in condensed matter physics to describe the density of a system.  is typically calculated for bulk materials.

Frederick Seitz
Frederick Seitz (July 4, 1911 – March 2, 2008) was an American physicist, a pioneer of solid state physics, and climate change denier. Seitz was the 4th president of Rockefeller University from 1968 to 1978, and the 17th president of the National Academy of Sciences from 1962 to 1969. Seitz was the recipient of the National Medal of Science, NASA's Distinguished Public Service Award, and other honors.

He founded the Frederick Seitz Materials Research Laboratory at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign and several other material research laboratories across the United States. Seitz was also the founding chairman of the George C. Marshall Institute.
Crenshaw (mixtape)
Crenshaw is the eighth mixtape by American rapper Nipsey Hussle. The mixtape was released as a free digital download on October 8, 2013, on mixtape hosting websites. It was also released in a limited first edition of 1,000 copies for $100 each including other incentives via his All Money In record label. The mixtape features production by The Futuristiks, 1500 or Nothin', 9th Wonder, DJ Dahi, Mike Free, Ralo, Wizzo and Jiggy Hendrix, among others. Guest appearances on the mixtape came from Rick Ross, Dom Kennedy, Slim Thug, James Fauntleroy II, Z-Ro, Skeme and Sade among others. The mixtape was supported by the singles "Checc Me Out" featuring Dom Kennedy and Cobby Supreme, "U See Us", "The Weather" featuring Rick Ross, "If U Were Mine" featuring Fauntleroy, and "1 of 1".

DJ Dahi
Dacoury Dahi Natche (born March 10, 1983), known professionally as DJ Dahi or simply Dahi, is an American record producer, songwriter, disc jockey and singer from Inglewood, California. Working primarily in hip hop and R&B music, he has been credited on commercially successful singles including "Money Trees" by Kendrick Lamar, "Worst Behavior" by Drake, and "I Don't Fuck with You" by Big Sean—the latter rose to number 11 on the Billboard Hot 100. He made his vocal debut on Lamar's 2018 single "Loyalty", which he also produced.

Dahi won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Song in 2020 for his work on "A Lot" by 21 Savage. He has also been nominated for four Grammy Awards in the Album of the Year and Best Rap Album categories, and once for Producer of the Year, Non-Classical. Aside from his solo production career, Natche is also a member of production team D.R.U.G.$.
Morris Brown (song)
"Morris Brown" is the second single from OutKast's sixth studio album, Idlewild. The song features guest vocals from Scar and Sleepy Brown, along with Janelle Monae, who lends her voice in the hook and on Sleepy Brown's verse. It is named after Morris Brown College and features the Morris Brown College Marching Wolverines. André 3000 produced the song, but does not appear on the track. The song was produced during the recording of the Stankonia tracks, but was not released. The single peaked at #43 in the UK, and peaked at #95 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart.

Morris Brown College
Morris Brown College (MBC) is a private Methodist historically black liberal arts college in Atlanta, Georgia. Founded January 5, 1881, Morris Brown is the first educational institution in Georgia to be owned and operated entirely by African Americans.
Senate of Kenya
The Senate of the Republic of Kenya (swahili: Seneti ya Jamhuri ya Kenya) is one of the two Houses of the Parliament of Kenya, along with the National Assembly.  The Senate was first established as part of Kenya's 1963 Constitution.

After being abolished in 1966, the Senate was re-established by Article 93 of the new 2010 Constitution to represent counties' interests as well as pass legislation concerning counties.

Counties of Kenya
The counties of Kenya (Swahili: Kaunti za Kenya) are geographical units created by the 2010 Constitution of Kenya as the new units of devolved government. They replaced the previous provincial system. The establishment and executive powers of the counties is provided in Chapter Eleven of the Constitution on devolved government, the Constitution's Fourth Schedule and any other legislation passed by the Senate of Kenya concerning counties. The counties are also single-member constituencies which elect members of the Senate, and special woman members to the National Assembly.

As of 2022, there were 47 counties whose size and boundaries were based on 1992 districts. Following the re-organization of Kenya's national administration, counties were integrated into a new national administration with the national government posting a county commissioner to each county to serve as a collaborative link with national government.
Biddle Air National Guard Base
Biddle Air National Guard Base (formerly Horsham Air Guard Station, 2011–2021) is owned by the Pennsylvania Air National Guard and located in Horsham Township, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania, United States. The Air National Guard plays host to many different Army National Guard Units as well as other government agencies. The site was formerly the Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Willow Grove. It was renamed in honor of Charles Biddle, the founder of the Pennsylvania Air National Guard's 103rd Observation Squadron (now, the 103rd Attack Squadron).

Pennsylvania Air National Guard
The Pennsylvania Air National Guard (PA ANG) is the aerial militia of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. It is a reserve of the United States Air Force and along with the Pennsylvania Army National Guard an element of the Pennsylvania National Guard of the larger United States National Guard Bureau.

As commonwealth militia units, the units in the Pennsylvania Air National Guard are not in the normal United States Air Force chain of command. They are under the jurisdiction of the Governor of Pennsylvania through the office of the Pennsylvania Adjutant General unless they are federalized by order of the President of the United States. The Pennsylvania Air National Guard is headquartered at Fort Indiantown Gap, Pennsylvania, and its commander is Brigadier General Michael J. Regan Jr.
Big Chicken
The Big Chicken is a KFC restaurant in Marietta, Georgia, which features a 56-foot-tall (17 m) steel-sided structure designed in the appearance of a chicken rising up from the top of the building. It is located at the intersection of Cobb Parkway (U.S. 41/Georgia 3) and Roswell Road (Georgia 120) and is a well-known landmark in the area.  Constructed in 1963, it was rebuilt following storm damage in 1993 and underwent a $2 million renovation project in 2017.

Georgia State Route 3
State Route 3 (SR 3) is a state highway that travels south-to-north through portions of the western part of the U.S. state of Georgia, roughly paralleling Interstate 75 (I-75). The highway travels from its southern terminus at the Florida state line, where SR 3 and SR 300 both reach their southern terminus, concurrent with US 19. Here, US 19 travels concurrent with State Road 57, 12 miles (19 km) south-southeast of Thomasville. SR 3 travels through portions of Thomas, Mitchell, Dougherty, Lee, Sumter, Schley, Taylor, Upson, Pike, Spalding, Henry, Clayton, Fulton, Cobb, Bartow, Gordon, Whitfield, and Catoosa counties to its northern terminus at the Tennessee state line, in East Ridge, where US 41/US 76 continue, concurrent with State Route 8. It travels through Thomasville, Albany, Griffin, Atlanta, Calhoun, and Dalton. At 351 miles (565 km) long, it is considered the third-longest signed state highway in the U.S. state of Georgia, only behind State Routes 1 and 11.
Walter K. Klaus
Walter Kloepping Klaus (April 19, 1912 – November 11, 2012) was an American politician and farmer.

Klaus was born in Empire Township, Dakota County, Minnesota. He graduated from Farmington High School in Farmington, Minnesota, and from Hamline University. Klaus also studied at University of Minnesota. He was a farmer and lived in Farmington. Klaus served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1957 to 1974 and was a Republican. He died in Farmington.

Farmington, Minnesota
Farmington is a city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 23,632 at the 2020 census. It is a part of the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area. On February 5, 2026, Mayor Joshua Hoyt resigned after a tense city council meeting.
Khari Khari Lakes
The Khari Khari Lakes (Quechua khari khari a thorny medical plant, a species of rubus, hispanicized spellings Cari Cari, Kari Kari, Kari-Kari) are two closely connected artificial lakes, San Ildefonso and San Pablo (now integrated into San Ildefonso) situated in the Khari Khari mountain range of Bolivia. The lakes lie about 8 km east of Potosí in the Potosí Department, Tomás Frías Province, Potosí Municipality, northeast of the lakes named San Sebastián and Planilla which are also artificial lakes.

Potosí mountain range
The Potosí mountain range in Bolivia is situated east and southeast of the city of Potosí. It is at least 25 km long stretching from north to south. Its highest mountain is Khunurana (Anaruyu) rising up to 5,071 m (16,637 ft). The features of the range are considered the product of volcanic activity known as the Khari Khari caldera (19º43'S; 65º38'W). The caldera is about 40 km long and 25 km at its widest point.

The range was named Cordillera de Potosí  by the German alpinist Henry Hoek in 1903. He collected information about the range like the local names and published several papers about it. The inhabitants of the area, however, use the names Khari Khari for the northern part and Anta Q'awa for the southern one. The two sections are separated by a depression, the Jach'a Molino Pampa.
Albert Mpeti Biyombo
Albert Mpeti Biyombo is a Congolese politician. In 2019, he was appointed as the Deputy Minister of Health of Democratic Republic of the Congo, under Ilunga government that ran from September 2019 to April 2021, as well as a member of parliament. He is the member of Union for Democracy and Social Progress.

Ilunga Government
The Ilunga government, from September 2019 to April 2021, was the Democratic Republic of the Congo government led by Sylvestre Ilunga as Prime Minister. President Tshisekedi signed the nomination order for the Ilunga government on 26 August 2019, and Ilunga assumed office on 7 September 2019.
World Vegetable Center
The World Vegetable Center (WorldVeg) (Chinese: 亞蔬—世界蔬菜中心), previously known as the Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC), is an international, nonprofit institute for vegetable research and development. It was founded in 1971 in Shanhua, southern Taiwan, by the Asian Development Bank, Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, the Philippines, Thailand, the United States and South Vietnam.

WorldVeg aims to reduce malnutrition and alleviate poverty in developing nations through improving production and consumption of vegetables.

Shanhua District
Shanhua District (Chinese: 善化區; pinyin: Shànhuà Qū; Wade–Giles: Shan-hua; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Siān-hoà-khu; lit. 'amelioration') is a suburban district of Tainan, Taiwan. Until 25 December 2010, it was an urban township in the dissolved Tainan County, which is now merged with the original Tainan City to form a single special municipality.
Uberto Zanolli
Uberto Zanolli Balugani (1917–1994) was an Italo-Mexican composer, conductor, writer, and musicologist. An engineer official for the Italian army during World War II, he was a prisoner in Nazi concentration camps for two years.

Italian immigration to Mexico
Italian Mexicans (Italian: italo-messicani; Spanish: ítalo-mexicanos) are Mexican-born citizens who are fully or partially of Italian descent, whose ancestors were Italians who emigrated to Mexico during the Italian diaspora, or Italian-born people in Mexico. The ancestors of most Mexicans of Italian descent arrived in the country during the late 19th century. Their descendants have generally assimilated into mainstream Mexican society.
Oglala National Grassland
The Oglala National Grassland is a United States National Grassland in the northwest corner of Nebraska. It is in northern Sioux and northwestern Dawes counties, on the borders with South Dakota and Wyoming.  It is 94,520 acres (38,250 ha) in size and is one of the small handful of National Grasslands administered by the US Department of Agriculture's Forest Service. It is managed by the U.S. Forest Service together with the Nebraska and Samuel R. McKelvie National Forests and the Buffalo Gap and Fort Pierre National Grasslands from common offices in Chadron, Nebraska.

Samuel R. McKelvie National Forest
The Samuel R. McKelvie National Forest is a United States national forest in the north-central Sandhills region of the U.S. state of Nebraska. The national forest covers an area of 116,079 acres (181.373 mi2). The forest is managed as part of the U.S. Forest Service's Nebraska National Forests and Grasslands, from ranger district offices in Halsey, Nebraska. The national forest is entirely within Cherry County, Nebraska.
Alain Bernard
Alain Bernard (French pronunciation: [alɛ̃ bɛʁnaʁ]; born 1 May 1983) is a French former swimmer from Aubagne, Bouches-du-Rhône.

Bernard won a total of four medals (two golds, one silver, and one bronze) at two Olympic Games (2008 and 2012). He also won numerous medals at the World Championships (short course and long course) and European Championships (short course and long course). Bernard formerly held the world record for the 50 metres freestyle (long course) and the 100 metres freestyle (long course and short course).

Bernard has a shark tattoo on his right hip.

Aubagne
Aubagne (French: [obaɲ]; Occitan: Aubanha according to the classic norm or Aubagno according to the Mistralian norm) is a commune in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône, southern France. In 2020, the commune was awarded three flowers by the National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom in the Competition of cities and villages in Bloom.
Akira Endo (conductor)
Akira Endo (遠藤 明, Endō Akira) (16 November 1938 – 3 April 2014) was a Japanese-American conductor and music educator. Maestro Endo held conducting posts with the American Ballet Theatre, Westside Orchestra, Long Beach Symphony Orchestra, Louisville Orchestra, Austin Symphony Orchestra, San Antonio Symphony Orchestra, Houston Symphony, Hamilton Philharmonic Orchestra, and the Pittsburgh Ballet Theatre.

Louisville Orchestra
The Louisville Orchestra is the primary orchestra in Louisville, Kentucky. It was founded in 1937 by Robert Whitney (1904–1986). The Louisville Orchestra employs salaried musicians, and offers a wide variety of concert series to the community, including classical programs featuring international guest artists, pops performances, and education and family concerts. In 1942 the orchestra adopted the name of the former Louisville Philharmonic Society (founded in 1866), which it kept until 1977 before reverting to its original name. The orchestra is the resident performing group for the Louisville Ballet and the Kentucky Opera, and presents several concerts across the Kentucky/Indiana area.

The orchestra performs its concerts at Whitney Hall (named for its founder) in the Kentucky Center for the Arts and The Brown Theatre. The current music director of the Louisville Orchestra is Teddy Abrams, who began his tenure in 2014.
Bernard the Lightsome
Bernard the Lightsome (also known as of Lwówek; Polish: Bernard Zwinny or Lwówecki; 1253 or 1257 – 25 April 1286) was a Duke of Lwówek (Löwenberg) since 1278 (with his brother until 1281) and Jawor (Jauer) during 1278–1281 (as a co-ruler of his brother).

He was the third son of Bolesław II the Bald, Duke of Legnica by his first wife Hedwig, daughter of Henry I, Count of Anhalt. It is not known when exactly he was born but had to happen before 1258, because seven years later he was sent to Wrocław by his father with the Tithe to the Bishop Thomas.

Bolesław II the Horned
Bolesław II the Horned (Polish: Bolesław II Rogatka), known also as Bolesław II the Bald (Polish: Bolesław II Łysy; c. 1220/5 – 26/31 December 1278), a member of the Silesian Piasts, was High Duke of Poland briefly in 1241 and Duke of Silesia at Wrocław from 1241 until 1248, when the duchy was divided between him and his brothers. After the partition, he ruled the Silesian Duchy of Legnica until his death. The second Mongol raid against Poland, led by Nogai Khan, occurred during his reign.
The Smoke Ring (band)
The Smoke Ring was an American rock band from Norfolk, Nebraska, active in the 1960s. It was formed from two previous regionally popular rock and roll groups, Little Joe & the Ramrods and The Strollers. They had strong regional success but charted only one national hit, 1969's "No, Not Much".

Norfolk, Nebraska
Norfolk is a city in Madison County, Nebraska, United States, 113 miles (182 km) northwest of Omaha and 76 miles southwest of Sioux City, Iowa, at the intersection of U.S. Routes 81 and 275. The population was 24,955 at the 2020 census, making it the seventh-most populous city in Nebraska. It is the principal city of the Norfolk Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Soukanh Mahalath
Soukanh Mahalath (Lao: ສຸກັນ ມະຫາລາດ; 7 June 1954 – 17 May 2014) was a Laotian politician and member of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party. Mahalath was the Mayor of Vientiane, the country's capital city, until his death in May 2014. He had previously held the positions of Minister of Finance from 2001 to 2003 and the governor of the Bank of the Lao P.D.R., the country's central bank, from 1999 until 2001.

Soukanh Mahalath was killed in the Lao People's Liberation Army Air Force An-74 plane  crash on 17 May 2014.

2014 Lao People's Liberation Army Air Force An-74 crash
On 17 May 2014, an Antonov An-74 transport aircraft of the Lao People's Liberation Army Air Force crashed while en route to Xiangkhouang Province, northern Laos, killing all but one of the 17 people on board. Among the victims were several Laotian politicians travelling to attend a ceremony celebrating the 55th anniversary of the second division of the Lao People's Army.
Mathematical programming with equilibrium constraints
Mathematical programming with equilibrium constraints (MPEC) is the study of 
constrained optimization problems  where the constraints include variational inequalities or  complementarities. MPEC is related to the Stackelberg game.

MPEC is used in the study of engineering design, economic equilibrium, and multilevel games.

MPEC is difficult to deal with because its feasible region is not necessarily convex or even connected.

Variational inequality
In mathematics, a variational inequality is an inequality involving a functional, which has to be solved for all possible values of a given variable, belonging usually to a convex set. The mathematical theory of variational inequalities was initially developed to deal with equilibrium problems, precisely the Signorini problem: in that model problem, the functional involved was obtained as the first variation of the involved potential energy. Therefore, it has a variational origin, recalled by the name of the general abstract problem. The applicability of the theory has since been expanded to include problems from economics, finance, optimization and game theory.
Ghana Post
Ghana Post (also known as Ghana Post Company Limited) is a government-owned corporation responsible for postal service in Ghana and a member of the West African Postal Conference.

The current Managing Director is Bice Osei Kuffour, popularly known as Obour with Kwaku Tabi Amponsah as his deputy. He succeeded James Kwofie as the Managing Director.

West African Postal Conference
The West African Postal Conference, or Conférence des Postes des États de l'Afrique de l'Ouest, was formed in 2012 as a forum for postal services in West African countries.

The members are:

Benin

Burkina Faso

Ghana

Côte d'Ivoire

Mali

Niger

Nigeria

Senegal

Togo
Dana K. White
Dana K. White (born circa 1973) is an American author, blogger, and podcaster known for her work in the field of decluttering and home management. She is the creator of the "No-Mess Decluttering Method" and the "Container Concept", and has authored several books, including Decluttering at the Speed of Life: Winning Your Never-Ending Battle with Stuff, which was recognized as a Wall Street Journal bestseller in 2018.

Professional organizing
Decluttering means removing unnecessary items, sorting and arranging, or putting things back in place. This article deals with organizing places of residence and commercial buildings, but the principles can also be applied to other areas. The activity can be done independently, or with help from family, friends, or professionals.

There are many methods for systematic decluttering and organizing. Some examples include Julie Morgenstern's SPACE, Danshari, and Konmari. In Danshari, a distinction is made between minimalists (who try to minimize their belongings) and those who try to optimize their belongings.
None Shall Look Back
None Shall Look Back is a 1937 novel by the American author Caroline Gordon. It is set during the American Civil War and follows the career of Rivers Allard, a man from Kentucky who is enlisted in the Confederate States Army.

Caroline Gordon
Caroline Ferguson Gordon (October 6, 1895 – April 11, 1981) was an American novelist and literary critic who, while still in her thirties, received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1932 and an O. Henry Award in 1934.