hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Professional Football Researchers Association
The Professional Football Researchers Association (PFRA) is an organization of researchers whose mission is to preserve and, in some cases, reconstruct professional American football history. It was founded on June 22, 1979 in Canton, Ohio by writer/historian Bob Carroll and six other football researchers and is currently headed by an executive committee led by its president, George Bozeka, and executive director Leon Elder. Membership in the organization includes some of professional football's foremost historians and authors. The organization is based in Guilford, New York.

The PFRA publishes books and a bimonthly magazine, The Coffin Corner, devoted to topics in professional football history. The organization also gives out awards each year for outstanding achievement in the field of football research.

Bob Carroll (author)
Robert Nuehardt Carroll Jr. (July 10, 1936 – August 25, 2009) was an American sportswriter and sports historian.

Carroll was best known for his contributions to American football research. He was the founder and executive director of the Professional Football Researchers Association (PFRA), and edited the group's newsletter, The Coffin Corner, until his death in 2009.  He was co-author of The Hidden Game of Football (with John Thorn and Pete Palmer), as well as Total Football: The Official Encyclopedia of the National Football League.

Carroll was the author of more than twenty books, most notably Pro Football: When the Grass Was Real and Baseball Between the Lies. His non-sports books included The Importance of Napoleon and The Battle of Stalingrad.

Carroll was born in Wheeling, West Virginia. He was an art and English teacher at McKeesport High School in McKeesport, Pennsylvania.
Joichiro Tatsuyoshi
Joichiro Tatsuyoshi (辰吉丈一郎, Tatsuyoshi Jōichirō; born May 15, 1970) is a former World Boxing Council (WBC) world bantamweight champion from Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan. His record is 20–7–1 (14 KOs).

He is popular for his fight style and unique personality, and has appeared in several television variety shows.

He is named after Joe Yabuki, the main character of the boxing anime, Ashita no Joe (Tomorrow's Joe). Coincidentally, he fights in the same weight class (bantamweight) as the character he is named after.

He has a large reach in comparison with his height (Tatsuyoshi is 164 cm tall with a reach of 178 cm) and is known for his distinctively low guard. He often keeps his hands in front of his chest, unlike other boxers who usually keep their hands closer to the head.

He is managed by the Osaka Teiken boxing gym.

Kurashiki
Kurashiki (倉敷市, Kurashiki-shi) is a city located in Okayama Prefecture, Japan.  As of 31 March 2023, the city had an estimated population of 478,651 and a population density of 1300 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 355.63 square kilometres (137.31 sq mi).
Al-Sabinah
Al-Sabinah (Arabic: السبينة) is a town in southern Syria, administratively part of the Rif Dimashq Governorate, located southwest of Damascus in the western Ghouta. Nearby localities include Ashrafiyat Sahnaya, Darayya, Muadamiyat al-Sham, Sayyidah Zaynab, al-Hajar al-Aswad. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, al-Sabinah had a population of 62,509 in the 2004 census.

Al-Sabinah camp, a Palestinian refugee camp, was established beside the town in 1948.

Ashrafiyat Sahnaya
Ashrafiyat Sahnaya (Arabic: أشرفية صحنايا, romanized: ʾAshrafīyat Ṣahnāyā, also spelled Ashrafiah Sahnaya) is a city in southern Syria, administratively part of the Rif Dimashq Governorate, located southwest of Damascus. Nearby localities include Darayya to the north, Sahnaya to the south, and al-Sabinah to the east. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics, the city had a population of 30,519 in the 2004 census. Ashrafiyat Sahnaya is one of the few towns in the Ghouta with a majority Druze community, along with Jaramana, Sahnaya and Deir Ali.
Reginald Golledge
Reginald George Golledge (born 6 December 1937 in Dungog, New South Wales; died 29 May 2009 in Goleta, California) was an Australian-born American Professor of Geography at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He was named Faculty Research Lecturer for 2009. He wrote or edited 16 books and 100 chapters for other books, and wrote more than 150 academic papers.

Golledge was a pioneer in the field of behavioral geography. When behavioral geography was divided into a humanistic and an analytical approach by the early 1970s, Golledge became the chief proponent of the latter one. In 1984 he became blind, and moved his focus to the geography of disability. Golledge was one of the developers (the others being psychologists Jack Loomis and Roberta Klatzky) of the UCSB Personal Guidance System.

Dungog, New South Wales
Dungog is a country town on the Williams River in the Hunter region and a small part of the Mid North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. Located in the middle of dairy and timber country, it is the centre of the Dungog Shire Local Government Area and at the 2021 Census it had a population of 9,541. The area includes the Fosterton Loop, 22 kilometres (14 mi) of road, used in the annual Pedalfest. A small portion of Dungog lies in the Mid-Coast Council Local Government Area.
Prickly Paradigm Press
Prickly Paradigm Press is a new incarnation of Prickly Pear Pamphlets, which was started in 1993, in Cambridge, England, by anthropologists Keith Hart and Anna Grimshaw. Together they published a series of ten pamphlets on a range of topics in anthropology, the history of science, and ethnographic film. In 1998, Mark Harris and Matthew Engelke took over the press, expanding its operations in the world market and adding a select few titles to its list. In 2001, Marshall Sahlins took over the press, renamed it Prickly Paradigm, and re-published his own pamphlet (Waiting for Foucault) and also Richard Rorty's. In 2004, Justin Shaffner scanned the original Prickly Pear pamphlets into a PDF format and made them freely available for distribution on the Internet.

Keith Hart (anthropologist)
Keith Hart (born in Manchester, England in 1943, died November 6, 2025) was a British anthropologist and writer living in Paris. His main research focused on economic anthropology, Africa and the African diaspora, and money. He taught at universities including East Anglia, Manchester, Yale and the Chicago, as well as at Cambridge University where he was director of the African Studies Centre. He contributed the concept of the informal economy to development studies and has published widely on economic anthropology. He is the author of  The informal economy in development: Evidence from German, British and Australian New Guinea. His written work focuses on the national limits of politics in a globalised economy.
Katwijk
Katwijk (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkɑtʋɛik] ⓘ) is a coastal municipality and town in the province of South Holland, which is situated in the mid-western part of the Netherlands. Katwijk is located on the North Sea, northwest of Leiden and 16 km north of The Hague. The Oude Rijn ("Old Rhine") river flows through the town and into the North Sea.

In August 2020, Katwijk had a population of 65,929 and covers an area of 31.15 km2 (12.03 sq mi), of which 6.40 km2 (2.47 sq mi) is water. It shares its borders with the municipalities of Noordwijk, Teylingen, Oegstgeest, Leiden, and Wassenaar.

Katwijk is by far the largest town in the Duin- en Bollenstreek ("Dune and Bulb Region"). Katwijk is one of the few remaining in that region that observes the Sunday rest by local law.

Duin- en Bollenstreek
The Duin- en Bollenstreek (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdœyn ɛm ˈbɔlə(n)streːk]; Dutch for "Dune and Bulb Region") is a region in the Western Netherlands, that features coastal dunes and the cultivation of flower bulbs. Situated at the heart of historical Holland nearby the city of Leiden, South Holland, it is bordered by The Hague to the west and Haarlem to the north. The combination of beaches, flower fields, lakes and history makes this area attractive to tourists.
Hazaribagh district
Hazaribagh district is one of the oldest districts of Jharkhand state, India and the district headquarter located in Hazaribagh town. It is located in the north east part of North Chotanagpur Division. The boundary of this district consists of districts of Gaya (BIHAR) and Koderma in the north, Giridih and Bokaro in the east, Ramgarh in the south and Chatra in the west.

North Chotanagpur division
North Chotanagpur division is one of the five divisions of the Indian state of Jharkhand.
The division comprises the following districts: Bokaro, Chatra, Dhanbad, Giridih, Hazaribagh, Koderma and Ramgarh. It was earlier part of the Chota Nagpur Division.
Kazhukan
Kazhukan (transl. Falcon) is a 1979 Indian Malayalam-language film,  directed by A. B. Raj. The film stars Jayan, Shubha, Sukumaran and Jagathy Sreekumar . The film has musical score by M. K. Arjunan. Sukumaran plays the antagonist. The film was a remake of the 1978 Kannada/Tamil bilingual Thappida Thala/Thappu Thalangal, directed by K. Balachander.

Jayan
Master Chief Petty Officer Krishnan Madhavan Nair (25 July 1939 – 16 November 1980), better known by his stage name Jayan, born as the son of Madhavan Pillai and Bharathiyamma in Kollam, was an Indian actor, naval officer, and stunt performer of the 1970s and 1980s. He starred in over 150 Malayalam films, primarily as an action star. In 2010 he was referred to as the first and most successful action hero of Malayalam cinema.

His superstar image became a cartoon, email, and SMS phenomenon in the early 2000s, portraying him as a comic superhero with unique quotes of superhuman strength attributed to the action star becoming widespread. These movements were fuelled by a renewed fascination with his style of dialogue delivery and his machismo image. These were claimed to honour his memories, but were also criticised for parodying the actor years after his death.
Goshiki-numa
Goshiki-numa (五色沼), is a cluster of five volcanic lakes situated at the foot of Mount Bandai in the center of the lake district of the Bandai Highland (磐梯高原, Bandai-kōgen), Kitashiobara, Fukushima, Japan.

Goshiki-numa formed when Mount Bandai erupted on July 15, 1888, destroying dozens of villages and killing approximately 500 people while creating hundreds of lakes and tarns.

The eruption completely rearranged the landscape, creating the Bandai-kōgen plateau and damming local rivers. The eruption imparted mineral deposits to the Five Colored Lakes giving each of them its own distinct color, ranging from reddish green to cobalt blue. The colors of each lake mysteriously fluctuate throughout the year with the weather. Since the eruption, Goshiki-numa has become a popular tourist destination. An approximately four-kilometer walking path from Lake Bishamon, the largest of the five lakes, to Lake Hibara affords people a view of all five lakes.

Bandai Highland
The Bandai Highland (Japanese: 磐梯高原, Bandai Kōgen), also called Urabandai (裏磐梯), is a plateau on the north side of Mount Bandai, at an elevation of 800 meters above sea level, in West Fukushima, Japan. It is surrounded on other sides by Mount Adatara and Mount Azuma (吾妻山), and is part of Bandai-Asahi National Park.

The plateau was made by the 1888 eruption of Mount Bandai, which dammed the Nagase River (長瀬川) and its tributaries to create Lake Hibara, Lake Onogawa, Lake Akimoto, and other smaller lakes, such as Goshiki-numa.

The Bandai Highland is a popular resort area for all seasons, including winter for Alpine and Nordic skiing.
Wireless Application Protocol Bitmap Format
Wireless Application Protocol Bitmap Format (shortened to Wireless Bitmap and with file extension .wbmp) is a raster image file format optimized for early mobile computing devices.

WBMP images are monochrome black and white binary images in which a black pixel is denoted by 0 and a white pixel is denoted by 1. The simple pixel encoding and the small size of the file header mean that the file size is kept to a minimum, enabling fast transmission on slow networks.

Binary image
A binary image is a digital image that consists of pixels that can have one of exactly two colors, usually black and white. Each pixel is stored as a single bit — i.e. either a 0 or 1.

A binary image can be stored in memory as a bitmap: a packed array of bits. A binary image of 640 × 480 pixels has a file size of only 37.5 KiB, and most also compress well with simple run-length compression. A binary image format is often used in contexts where it is important to have a small file size for transmission or storage, or due to color limitations on displays or printers.

It also has technical and artistic applications, for example in digital image processing and pixel art. Binary images can be interpreted as subsets of the two-dimensional integer lattice ⁠⁠⁠; the field of morphological image processing was largely inspired by this view.
Frabosa Soprana
Frabosa Soprana is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Cuneo in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) south of Turin and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southeast of Cuneo.

Frabosa Soprana borders the following municipalities: Frabosa Sottana, Magliano Alpi, Monastero di Vasco, Montaldo di Mondovì, Ormea, and Roburent. The economy is based on winter tourism: it is connected through a chair lift to the Prato Nevoso ski resort.

Sights include the Caves of Bossea, a 2 km length karstic grottoes discovered in the 19th century, and the Monte Fantino.

Province of Cuneo
The province of Cuneo (Italian: provincia di Cuneo; Piedmontese: provincia ëd Coni) is a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. To the west, it borders the French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (departments of Alpes-Maritimes, Alpes-de-Haute-Provence and Hautes-Alpes), to the north the Metropolitan City of Turin, to the east the province of Asti and to the south the Ligurian provinces of Savona and Imperia. It is also known as la Provincia Granda (Piedmontese for 'The Big Province'), because it is the largest province in Piedmont and the fourth-largest in Italy (following Sassari, South Tyrol and Foggia). Briga Marittima and Tenda were part of this province before their cession to France in 1947.
Visionary (Farruko album)
Visionary is the fourth studio album by Puerto Rican singer Farruko, released on October 23, 2015, through Sony Music Latin. It was produced by Neonazza, Musicólogo & Menes, Andy Clay, Gabriel Rodríguez, Jumbo, Gaby Music, Ladkani, Montana, Franfussion, DJ Luian, Maffio, Sharo Torres, DJ Chino, Frabian Eli, Rvssian and Ez, and features collaborations with Nicky Jam, Messiah and Pitbull, as well as with reggae musicians Shaggy and Ky-Mani Marley.

At the 17th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, the album was nominated for Best Urban Music Album, being Farruko's third nomination in the category.

The album reached the top position on the Top Latin Albums and Latin Rhythm Albums charts, being his second number-one album on both lists. Additionally, it was certified platinum in the United States.

17th Annual Latin Grammy Awards
The 17th Annual Latin Grammy Awards were held on November 17, 2016 at the T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas.

The nominations were announced on September 21, 2016. Julio Reyes Copello, Djavan, Fonseca, Jesse & Joy, and Ricardo López Lalinde led with four nominations each. American singer Marc Anthony was honored as the Latin Recording Academy Person of the Year on November 16, the day prior to the Latin Grammy Awards.
Whampoa East (constituency)
Whampoa East is one of the 22 constituencies of the Kowloon City District Council. The seat elects one member of the council every four years. The boundary is loosely based on the eastern area of Whampoa Garden.

Kowloon City District Council
The Kowloon City District Council (Chinese: 九龍城區議會; noted as KC) is the district council for the Kowloon City District in Hong Kong. It is one of 18 such councils. The Kowloon City District Council currently consists of 20 members, of which the district is divided into 2 constituencies, electing a total of 4 members, 8 district committee members, and 8 appointed members. The last election was held on 10 December 2023.
RS-56
RS-56 (Rocket System-56) was an American liquid-fueled rocket engine, developed by Rocketdyne. RS-56 was derived from the RS-27 engine, which itself is derived from the H-1 engine used in the Saturn I and Saturn IB.

Two variants of this engine were built, both for use on the Atlas II first stage. This was the last Atlas rocket to use the "stage-and-a-half" technique, where it ignited all three engines at liftoff and then jettisoned the two side engines and their support structure during ascent.

The two RS-56-OBA engines, with high thrust but moderate efficiency, were integrated into a single unit called the MA-5A and shared a common gas generator. They burned for approximately 164 seconds before being jettisoned, when acceleration reached approximately 5.0–5.5 g.

The central sustainer engine on the first stage, an RS-56-OSA, would burn for an additional 125 seconds. It featured less thrust but better efficiency at high altitudes than the RS-56-OBAs.

Atlas II
Atlas II was a member of the Atlas family of launch vehicles, which evolved from the successful Atlas missile program of the 1950s. The Atlas II was a direct evolution of the Atlas I, featuring longer first-stage tanks, higher-performing engines, and the option for strap-on solid rocket boosters. It was designed to launch payloads into low Earth orbit, geosynchronous transfer orbit or geosynchronous orbit. Sixty-three launches of the Atlas II, IIA and IIAS models were carried out between 1991 and 2004; all sixty-three launches were successes, making the Atlas II a highly reliable space launch system. The Atlas line was continued by the Atlas III, used between 2000 and 2005, and the Atlas V, which is still in use as of 2025.
Gordon Kinnell
Gordon Jack Kinnell AKC (2 May 1892 – 18 November 1971) was an Anglican priest, most notably Provost of St Andrew's Cathedral, Aberdeen from 1932 until 1955.

Kinnell was born in Ipswich, Suffolk. He was educated at King's College London; and ordained in 1916. After curacies in Battersea and Clapton he was Rector of Bearsden. He was the incumbent at Cupar before his appointment as Provost; and at Buntingford afterwards.

He died in Danbury, Essex, aged 80.

St Andrew's Cathedral, Aberdeen
St Andrew's Cathedral (Scottish Gaelic: Cathair-eaglais Naomh Anndra), or the Cathedral Church of Saint Andrew, is a cathedral of the Scottish Episcopal Church situated in the Scottish city of Aberdeen. It is the see of the Bishop of Aberdeen and Orkney, who is the Ordinary of the Diocese of Aberdeen and Orkney.

It is a Category A listed building.
1974 Upper Voltan coup d'état
The 1974 Upper Voltan coup d'état was a bloodless military coup which took place in the Republic of Upper Volta on 8 February 1974.

The coup was effectively a self-coup, orchestrated by President General Sangoulé Lamizana (in office since the 1966 coup), against the RDA-led government of Prime Minister Gérard Kango Ouédraogo, formed following the 1970 parliamentary election.

Lamizana announced the dissolution of the National Assembly and the suspension of the Constitution, adopted following the 1970 constitutional referendum. He subsequently appointed himself as the new prime minister, in a government comprising 11 military officers and 4 civilians.

Sangoulé Lamizana
Aboubakar Sangoulé Lamizana (31 January 1916 – 26 May 2005) was an Upper Voltan military officer who served as the President of Upper Volta (since 1984 renamed Burkina Faso), in power from 3 January 1966, to 25 November 1980. He held the additional position of Prime Minister from 8 February 1974, to 7 July 1978.
Fındık, Güçlükonak
Fındık (Kurdish: Findik) is a town (belde) and municipality in the Güçlükonak District of Şırnak Province in Turkey. It is populated by Kurds of the Harunan and Jilyan tribes and had a population of 2,147 in 2021.

The settlement of Gümüşyazı (Sewadî) is attached to Fındık.

Güçlükonak District
Güçlükonak District is a district of the Şırnak Province of Turkey. In 2021, the district had a population of 11,915. The seat of the district is the town of Güçlükonak. Its area is 466 km2.

The district was part of Siirt Province until it was attached to Şırnak Province in 1990.
Estádio Municipal Coaracy da Mata Fonseca
Estádio Municipal Coaracy da Mata Fonseca, also known as Fumeirão, is a stadium in Arapiraca, Brazil. It has a capacity of 17,000 spectators.  It is the home of Agremiação Sportiva Arapiraquense of the Campeonato Brasileiro Série C.

Agremiação Sportiva Arapiraquense
Agremiação Sportiva Arapiraquense, commonly referred to as ASA de Arapiraca or ASA, is a Brazilian professional football club based in Arapiraca, Alagoas. It competes in the Série D, the fourth tier of Brazilian football, as well as in the Campeonato Alagoano, the top flight of the Alagoas state football league.
Hashim Abderrahman al-Shibli
Hashim Abderrahman al-Shibli (Arabic:هاشم عبد الرحمن الشبلي Hāshim ‘Abd ar-Raḥmān ash-Shiblī) is an Iraqi politician from Baghdad who was the Iraqi Justice Minister from 2006 to 2007 in the government of Nouri al-Maliki. A Sunni Arab, he was elected to the National Assembly of Iraq in December 2005 on the secular Iraqi National List coalition.

Al Maliki I Government
The first government of Iraq led by Prime Minister Nouri al-Maliki took office on May 20, 2006 following approval by the members of the Iraqi National Assembly. This followed the general election in December 2005. The government succeeded the Iraqi Transitional Government which had continued in office in a caretaker capacity until the new government was formed and confirmed.

This Al Maliki I Government governed Iraq until 2010, to be succeeded by the Al Maliki II Government, which was in office until 2014.
2002 Uruguay banking crisis
The 2002 Uruguay banking crisis was a major banking crisis that hit Uruguay in July 2002. The crisis unfolded after years of heavy dollarization since the 1950s when chronic inflation and weak confidence in the peso led Uruguayans to prefer U.S. dollars. This left the economy highly exposed to external shocks. The crisis was caused by a considerable contraction in Uruguay's economy and by over-dependence on Argentina (tourism, and construction boom), which experienced a strong phase of an economic meltdown itself in late 2001. In total, approximately 1/3 of the country's deposits were withdrawn and five financial institutions were left insolvent. The value of the Uruguayan peso fell, losing nearly half of its value against the U.S. dollar in 2002.

Amid the crisis, the government's initial reliance on international banks to self-regulate delayed intervention, but political management eventually shifted.

Uruguayan peso
Uruguayan peso (Spanish: peso uruguayo) has been a name of the Uruguayan currency since Uruguay's settlement by Europeans. The present currency, the peso uruguayo (ISO 4217 code:  UYU) was adopted in 1993 and is subdivided into 100 centésimos, although centésimos are not currently in use.