hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Galvarino, Chile
Galvarino is a Chilean town and commune (Spanish: comuna), part of Cautín Province, in the Araucanía Region.

The town, named for the Mapuche warrior Galvarino, was founded on April 22, 1882 within the frame of the occupation of Araucanía by general Gregorio Urrutia, next to river Quillem as a fort of 2,500 m2 (26,910 sq ft). Its population come eminently from original Mapuche indigenous people. The area was colonized fundamentally by Swiss colonizers. The main economic activity is forestal activity, shown as great amount of the territory dedicated to production of forestal trees, like eucalyptus and pines.

Gregorio Urrutia
Gregorio Urrutia Venegas (San Carlos, Chile, 1830 - Santiago, ibidem, September 10, 1897) was a Chilean military official who made a career in the Chilean Army, reaching the rank of brigadier general. He held several military positions and participated in four military conflicts. He was also a deputy and businessman of a company that built railway lines.

He is known for his actions in the Occupation of Araucanía, between 1862 and 1883, actively participating during the sustained process to incorporate that historical region to Chile as well as its inhabitants, the Mapuche. He was also the commander who directed the last operations in the area, consolidating the Chilean dominion in that territory. He founded several settlements and also re-founded some others that are now part of the Araucanía Region.
Origenism
Origenism refers to a set of beliefs attributed to the Christian theologian Origen of Alexandria. The main principles of Origenism include allegorical interpretation of scripture, pre-existence, and subordinationism. Origen's thought was influenced by Philo the Jew, Platonism and Clement of Alexandria.

Pre-existence
Pre-existence, premortal existence, beforelife, or life before birth, is the belief that each individual human soul existed before mortal conception, and at some point before birth enters or is placed into the body. Concepts of pre-existence can encompass either the belief that the soul came into existence at some time prior to conception or the belief that the soul is eternal. Alternative positions are traducianism and creationism, which both hold that the individual human soul does not come into existence until conception or later. It is to be distinguished from preformation, which is about physical existence and applies to all living things.
2016–17 Tulane Green Wave men's basketball team
The 2016–17 Tulane Green Wave men's basketball team represented Tulane University during the 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Green Wave, led by first-year head coach Mike Dunleavy Sr., played their home games at Devlin Fieldhouse in New Orleans, Louisiana as third-year members of the American Athletic Conference. They finished the season 6–25, 3–15 in AAC play to finish in tenth place. They lost in the first round of the AAC tournament to Tulsa.

2016–17 Tulsa Golden Hurricane men's basketball team
The 2016–17 Tulsa Golden Hurricane men's basketball team represented the University of Tulsa during the 2016–17 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Golden Hurricane, led by third-year head coach Frank Haith, played their home games at the Reynolds Center in Tulsa, Oklahoma as members of the American Athletic Conference (AAC). They finished the season 15–17, 8–10 in AAC play, to finish in seventh place. They defeated Tulane in the first round of the AAC tournament to advance to the quarterfinals where they lost to Cincinnati.
Legal Drug
Legal Drug (Japanese: 合法 ドラッグ, Hepburn: Gōhō Doraggu) is a manga series by Clamp. The main artist in this serialization is Tsubaki Nekoi. It is published in Japan by Kadokawa Shoten and it is published in English by Tokyopop who have currently released 3 volumes as of 2005. The series is also known as Lawful Drugstore or Gouhou Drug in Japan. Since then, however, the license has lapsed, and Dark Horse Comics picked up the publishing rights in 2014.

The series was put on hold in 2003, as the magazine it was serialized in ceased its publication. It resumed serialization in November 2011 in Kadokawa's Young Ace Magazine under the new title, Drug and Drop (ドラッグ＆ドロップ).

The four leading characters of Legal Drug appear in CLAMP in Wonderland 2, which is the first time Kakei and Saiga are seen animated; Kazahaya and Rikuo had been previously animated during a brief appearance in the xxxHolic anime, episode 6, and xxxHolic Kei episode 13.

Tsubaki Nekoi
Tsubaki Nekoi (猫井 椿, Nekoi Tsubaki; born January 21, 1969), is a member of the all-female manga-creating team Clamp. She is the co-director and her duties in the team include applying screentones and correcting manga illustrations.  She was also the lead artist (a role that normally falls to Mokona) on Legal Drug, The One I Love, Wish, Suki and xxxHolic.   As the lead artist in xxxHolic, she is in charge of drawing the male characters while Mokona is responsible for the female characters.

For Clamp's 15th Anniversary in 2004, she and the other three members of Clamp changed their names because they reportedly wished to try new monikers.
Montgomery Bell State Park
Montgomery Bell State Park is a Tennessee state park in Burns, Tennessee, United States.  The park covers 3,782 acres (1,531 ha) and its official elevation is 758 feet (231 m).  However, due to the dissected wooded terrain typical of the Nashville Basin, actual elevations range from 580 feet (180 m) to 860 feet (260 m). The park is open for year-round recreation including boating, hiking, camping, fishing and golf. Montgomery Bell State Park was built during the Great Depression by members of the Works Progress Administration and Civilian Conservation Corps as Montgomery Bell Recreational Demonstration Area. Named for iron industrialist Montgomery Bell, the park is known as the birthplace of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church.

Montgomery Bell
Montgomery Bell (January 3, 1769, Chester County, Pennsylvania – April 1, 1855, Dickson County, Tennessee) was a manufacturing entrepreneur who was crucial to the economic development of early Middle Tennessee.  He was known as the "Iron Master of the Harpeth" and the "Iron Master of Middle Tennessee".  Today he is remembered mostly for founding Montgomery Bell Academy, one of the largest private non-sectarian all-boys high schools in the United States.
André D'Allemagne
André d'Allemagne (October 14, 1929 – February 1, 2001) was a translator, political science teacher, essayist and a militant for the independence of Quebec from Canada. Along with some 20 other people including Marcel Chaput and Jacques Bellemare, he was a founding member of the Rassemblement pour l'indépendance nationale (RIN).

Rassemblement pour l'Indépendance Nationale
The Rassemblement pour l'Indépendance Nationale (French pronunciation: [ʁasɑ̃bləmɑ̃ puʁ lɛ̃depɑ̃dɑ̃s nɑsjɔnal]; RIN; English: Rally for National Independence) was a political organization dedicated to the promotion of Quebec national independence from Canada.

Torn during its existence between different ideological tendencies, the RIN essentially represented the left wing of the Quebec sovereignty movement of the 1960s.

The RIN participated in negotiations during 1968 with a view to unifying different independence parties but was ultimately excluded from the final negotiations leading to the formation of the Parti Québécois. On October 26, 1968, the party congress decided, on the proposal of President Pierre Bourgault, to dissolve and called on its members to join individually the Parti Québécois.
Simone Opitz
Simone Opitz (born 3 July 1963 in Sonneberg, Bezirk Suhl) is an East German-German cross-country skier who competed from 1985 to 1993. Competing in two Winter Olympics, she earned best finish of fifth twice at the 1988 Winter Olympics in Calgary (20 km, 4 × 5 km relay).

Opitz's best finish at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships was fifth in the 10 km event at Val di Fiemme in 1991. Her only World Cup victory was in a 20 km event in Czechoslovakia in 1986.

Sonneberg
Sonneberg (German pronunciation: [ˈzɔnəbɛʁk] ⓘ) in Thuringia, Germany, is the seat of the Sonneberg district. It is in the Franconian south of Thuringia, neighboring its Upper Franconian twin town Neustadt bei Coburg.

Sonneberg became known as the "world toy city", and is home to the German Toy Museum and the Sonneberg observatory, founded in 1925. The Thuringian Slate Mountains border the city, with the Franconian Forest to the east.
Owain ab Edwin of Tegeingl
Owain ab Edwin of Tegeingl or Owain the Traitor  (Welsh: Owain Fradwr), (died 1105) was lord of the cantref of Tegeingl in north-east Wales at the end of the 11th century. He was the son of Edwin ap Gronw of Tegeingl, a great-great-grandson of Hywel Dda. He sided with the Normans in their failed invasion of North Wales, and in the 1090s attempted  to become ruler of Gwynedd.

His arms were gules three men's legs conjoined at the thighs in triangle argent.

Bleddyn ap Cynfyn
Bleddyn ap Cynfyn (Middle Welsh: Bledẏnt uab Kẏnỽẏn; (died 1075), sometimes spelled Blethyn, was an 11th-century Welsh king. King Harold Godwinson and Tostig Godwinson installed Bleddyn and his brother, Rhiwallon, as the co-rulers of kingdom of Gwynedd on his father's death in 1063, during their destruction of the kingdom of their half-brother, king Gruffydd ap Llywelyn. Bleddyn became king of Powys and co-ruler of the Kingdom of Gwynedd with his brother Rhiwallon from 1063 to 1075. His descendants continued to rule Powys as the House of Mathrafal.
Born Wild, Run Free
Born Wild, Run Free (Japanese: イタズ　－熊－, Hepburn: Itazu – Kuma; lit. Mischievous Bear or Prank Bear), also known as The Forest of the Little Bear, is a 1987 Japanese childrens' drama film directed by Toshio Gotō. Set at the end of the Taishō era, the film depicts the story of a hunter who raises a bear cub after killing its mother. As the cub grows, it comes into conflict with the hunter's village. The film stars Takahiro Tamura as Ginzō the hunter, in addition to Junko Sakurada, Hiroshi Miyata, Ryutaro Tatsumi and Nijiko Kiyokawa. Born Wild, Run Free was theatrically released by Toei Company on September 5, 1987, in Japan. It was acclaimed and nominated for several awards, winning the Kinema Junpo Best Supporting Actress award for Junko Sakurada's performance. Born Wild, Run Free was also shown at the 15th Moscow International Film Festival. The film's score was composed by Masaru Sato, while its theme song "Itazu" was performed by Iruka.

Toshio Gotō
Toshio Gotō (後藤 俊夫, Gotō Toshio; 1938 – 22 November 2025) was a Japanese film director. He was born in Ina, Nagano, Japan and was primarily known for films about humanity's relationship with nature.

Gotō worked as an assistant director of Satsuo Yamamoto from 1962 to 1978. He made his directorial debut in 1978 with Komugīro no tenshi suzume to shōnen. His 2009 film Beauty was entered into the 31st Moscow International Film Festival.

Gotō died from lymphoma on 22 November 2025, at the age of 87.
Barairo no Jinsei
"Barairo no Jinsei" (Japanese: 薔薇色の人生) is a song recorded by Japanese singer songwriter Mai Kuraki. It was written by Mai Kuraki and Akihito Tokunaga. The song is set to be released through Northern Music on March 20, 2019, as a double-A side with "Kimi to Koi no Mama de Owarenai Itsumo Yume no Mama ja Irarenai". The single was released as a digital single and in five physical editions: standard edition, limited edition A/B, Detective Conan edition, and Musing & FC edition. The song was served as the theme song to the Japanese animation Case Closed.

Akihito Tokunaga
Akihito Tokunaga (徳永 暁人, Tokunaga Akihito) (born 22 September 1971) is a Japanese musician, composer and arranger. After making a name for himself working for Being Inc. in the 1990s, he has been signed to Giza Studio from 2000 until 2023. In 2004, Tokunaga formed the rock band doa. After departure from the agency in 2023, he has become freelancer musician under independent company Floodlight.
Purgitsville, West Virginia
Purgitsville is an unincorporated community in Hampshire County in the U.S. state of West Virginia. According to the 2000 census, the ZCTA for Purgitsville had a population of 813. Purgitsville is located on U.S. Highway 220/West Virginia Route 28 at its intersection with Huffman Road (West Virginia Secondary Route 220/3) south of Junction. An elementary school, Mill Creek Elementary, was open here until 1993 when it was consolidated with Romney Elementary.

The community was named after William Purgit, an early settler. In 1863, McNeill's Rangers were ambushed near the village by the Ringgold Cavalry, a Union force, but escaped with no fatalities.

Hampshire County, West Virginia
Hampshire County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,093. Its county seat is Romney, West Virginia's oldest town (1762). The county was created by the Virginia General Assembly in 1754, from parts of Frederick and Augusta Counties (Virginia) and is the state's oldest county. The county lies in West Virginia's Potomac Highlands region.

Hampshire County is part of the Winchester, VA-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Joan Moriarty
Brigadier Joan Olivia Elsie Moriarty, CB, RRC, QHNS (11 May 1923 – 19 July 2020) was a British military nurse and nursing administrator who served as Matron-in-Chief/Director of the Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps from 1977 to 1981. She was decorated with the Royal Red Cross in the 1977 New Year Honours, and made a Companion of the Order of the Bath in the 1979 Birthday Honours.

She died on 19 July 2020 at the age of 97.

Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps
Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps (QARANC; known as the QAs) was the nursing branch of the British Army Medical Services.

In November 2024, the corps was amalgamated with the Royal Army Medical Corps and Royal Army Dental Corps to form the Royal Army Medical Service.
Richard Lynch Cotton
Richard Lynch Cotton (14 August 1794 – 8 December 1880) was a British vicar and academic administrator at the University of Oxford.

Cotton was born in Whitchurch, Oxfordshire, the son of Henry Calveley Cotton and Matilda Lockwood, one of 11 children (eight sons and three daughters). He was educated at Charterhouse School and Worcester College, Oxford, where he attained a BA degree in 1815. He was a Fellow of the College from 1816 to 1838 and Provost from 1839 to 1880. He was awarded a Doctor of Divinity in 1839.
While Provost at Worcester, Cotton also became Vice-Chancellor of Oxford University in 1852.

Cotton was Vicar of Denchworth, north of Wantage in Berkshire, from 1823 to 1838. He published his lectures and sermons. On 25 June 1839, he married Charlotte Bouverie Pusey, daughter of Hon. Philip Pusey and Lady Lucy Sherard (daughter of Robert Sherard, 4th Earl of Harborough). She lived at 38 St Giles' in Oxford, now part of St Benet's Hall, after Cotton's death during 1881–82.

St Benet's Hall, Oxford
St Benet's Hall (known colloquially as Benet's) was a permanent private hall (PPH) of the University of Oxford, originally a Roman Catholic religious house of studies. It closed in 2022. The principal building was located at the northern end of St Giles' on its western side, close to the junction with Woodstock Road, Oxford.
T. Muthuraj
T. Muthuraj  (born 29 July 1969 in Coimbatore, India) is an Indian film production designer who works in predominantly Malayalam and Tamil films. He is well known for his collaborations with directors S. Shankar and Atlee Kumar.

Atlee (director)
Arun Kumar (born 21 September 1986), known professionally as Atlee, is an Indian film director, screenwriter and film producer, who primarily works in Tamil films. He made his directorial debut with the film Raja Rani (2013); for which he was awarded Best Debut Director by the Vijay Award and the Tamil Nadu State Award for best dialogue writer. Atlee wrote and directed Theri, Mersal, and Bigil, all featuring Vijay. He made his debut in Hindi cinema with Jawan (2023), which is among the highest grossing Indian films.
Maud Durbin
Maud Durbin (November 9, 1871 – December 25, 1936) was an American actress. She was the wife of actor Otis Skinner and the mother of actress and author Cornelia Otis Skinner.

Durbin was born in Moberly, Missouri, on November 9, 1871. A protégé of Helena Modjeska, she was touring in the Booth-Modjeska Dramatic Company when she met actor Otis Skinner, who went on to form his own dramatic company, which included Durbin, and they married in 1895. Maud Durbin was also a writer, and was the author of Pietro, as well as the published short stories The Ne'er to Return Road and Tom's Little Star.

Durbin died in New York City on December 25, 1936. She was buried at River Street Cemetery in Woodstock, Vermont, where she and her husband had a summer home.

Woodstock, Vermont
Woodstock is the shire town (county seat) of Windsor County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, the town population was 3,005. It includes the villages of Woodstock, South Woodstock, Taftsville, and West Woodstock.
No. 321 Expeditionary Combat Support Squadron RAAF
No. 321 Expeditionary Combat Support Squadron (322ECSS) was a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) ground support squadron based at RAAF Base Darwin near Darwin, Northern Territory.

Along with other northern ECSS it was formed after the disbanding of 386ECSS at RAAF Richmond in 2006.

On 1 July 2010 changes to the structure of the Combat Support Group resulted in the functions of 321ECSS being integrated with No. 13 (City of Darwin) Squadron at RAAF Darwin and 321ECSS being disbanded.

No. 13 Squadron RAAF
No. 13 (City of Darwin) Squadron is a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) squadron. The unit saw combat during World War II as a bomber and maritime patrol squadron and is currently active as a mixed regular and reserve RAAF unit located in Darwin, fulfilling both operational support and training duties.
Karomatullo Qurbonov
Karomatullo Qurbonov (Tajik: Кароматулло Қурбонов, Russian: Кароматулло Курбанов; 29 November 1961 – 17 October 1992) was a popular pop singer and composer from Tajikistan. On 17 October 1992 Qurbonov and a number of his band members were murdered by gunmen from the Popular Front militia. Qurbonov was one of a number of intellectual and cultural figures murdered during the Tajik Civil War. In 2008 a former member of the Popular Front, Mahmadahdi Nazarov, also known as Makhsum Mahdi, was convicted of Qurbonov's murder.

Qurbonov's daughter, Noziya Karomatullo, is one of the most popular musicians in Tajikistan today.

Popular Front of Tajikistan
The Popular Front of Tajikistan (Tajik: Фронти халқии Тоҷикистон; Russian: Народный фронт Таджикистана) was a politicized paramilitary movement composed of volunteers that fought for the government during the Tajik Civil War. Up to 8,000 fighters served as part of the front.
Northeast Frontier Railway Stadium
North-East Frontier Railway Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium at Maligaon in Guwahati, Assam. It is mainly used for organizing matches of football and cricket. The stadium has hosted 33 first-class matches  in 1976 when Assam cricket team played against Orissa cricket team. The ground hosted 32 more first-class matches from 1978 to 2009. The stadium also hosted 18 List A matches when Central Zone cricket team played against North Zone cricket team but since then the stadium has hosted non-first-class matches.

Assam cricket team
The Assam cricket team is a domestic cricket team represents the Indian state of Assam, run by the Assam Cricket Association. The team competes in the first-class tournament Ranji Trophy, limited-overs tournament Vijay Hazare Trophy and the Twenty20, Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy.
Oscheius tipulae
Oscheius tipulae is a species of nematodes, described in association of the leatherjacket, the larva of Tipula paludosa.

O. tipulae is a satellite developmental genetic model organism used to study vulva formation. It is an androdioecious species characterized by the coexistence of males and hermaphrodites.

Androdioecy
Androdioecy is a reproductive system characterized by the coexistence of males and hermaphrodites. Androdioecy is rare in comparison with the other major reproductive systems: dioecy, gynodioecy and  hermaphroditism. In animals, androdioecy has been considered a stepping stone in the transition from dioecy to hermaphroditism, and vice versa.

Androdioecy, trioecy and gynodioecy are sometimes referred to as a mixed mating systems. Androdioecy is a dimorphic sexual system in plants comparable with gynodioecy and dioecy.
Rescuing Prometheus
Rescuing Prometheus: Four Monumental Projects That Changed the Modern World (1998) is a book by Thomas P. Hughes.  The book uses four extremely large engineering projects of the late 20th century as examples to explore how the limits of modern system engineering are stressed by real life projects.  It also traces the development of the management of large technical system development.

The book documents four massively-cooperative projects:

Semi-Automatic Ground Environment (SAGE), a computer- and radar-based air-defense system

The Atlas project, which produced America's first ICBM

Boston's Central Artery/Tunnel Project, a traffic-unclogging system of highways, tunnels and bridges originally scheduled for completion in 2004

ARPANET, an interactive computer-based information network that paved the way for the Internet

Thomas P. Hughes (historian)
Thomas Parke Hughes (September 13, 1923 – February 3, 2014) was an American historian of technology. He was an emeritus professor of history at the University of Pennsylvania and a visiting professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Stanford.

He received his Ph.D. from the University of Virginia in 1953.

Hughes, along with John B. Rae, Carl W. Condit, and Melvin Kranzberg, were responsible for the establishment of the Society for the History of Technology and he was a recipient of its highest honor, the Leonardo da Vinci Medal in 1985.

He contributed to the concepts of technological momentum, technological determinism, large technical systems, social construction of technology, and introduced systems theory into the history of technology.

His book American Genesis was shortlisted for the Pulitzer Prize. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 2003.
Appian Way Regional Park
The  Appian Way Regional Park  is the second-largest urban park of Europe, after Losiny Ostrov National Park in Moscow. It is a protected area of around 4580 hectares, established by the Italian region of Latium. It falls primarily within the territory of Rome but parts also extend into the neighbouring towns of Ciampino and Marino. The peculiarity of the park that distinguishes it, is that it also hosts the Archaeological park of Appia Antica, which coincides with the perimeter of the regional park itself. It is a monumental park which contains precious legacies of ancient Rome, including the Appian Way (for a stretch of 16km/9.94mi), Roman aqueducts, Roman villas, mausoleums, catacombs.

Marino, Lazio
Marino (Latin: Marinum or Castrimoenium, Marino dialect: Marini) is an Italian comune with 46,676 inhabitants located in the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital in Lazio.

Situated south of the capital, on the Alban Hills in the area of the Roman Castles, nestled between Rocca di Papa, Castel Gandolfo, and Grottaferrata, the town was a significant military outpost on the Ager Romanus throughout the Middle Ages, a popular vacation destination, and an important commercial hub due to its strategic position on the highway between Rome and Naples, which was frequented until the reopening of the faster Via Appia Nuova around 1780.

Primarily associated with viticulture, Marino is the birthplace of the eponymous white wine with Denominazione di Origine Controllata status, and its name is tied to the renowned Wine Festival, the oldest event of its kind in Italy. It has a distinctive dialect, different from that of the Roman Castles, the Marino dialect.