hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Magia Naturalis
Magia Naturalis (in English, Natural Magic) is a work of popular science by Giambattista della Porta first published in Naples in 1558.  Its popularity  ensured it was republished in five Latin editions within ten years, with translations into Italian (1560), French, (1565) Dutch (1566) and English (1658) printed.

Natural Magic was revised and considerably expanded throughout the author's lifetime; its twenty books (Naples 1589) include observations upon geology, optics, medicines, poisons, cooking, metallurgy, magnetism, cosmetics, perfumes, gunpowder and invisible writing.

Natural Magic is an example of pre-Baconian science. Its sources include the ancient learning of Pliny the Elder and Theophrastus as well as numerous scientific observations made by Della Porta.

Invisible ink
Invisible ink, also known as security ink or sympathetic ink, is a substance used for writing, which is invisible either on application or soon thereafter, and can later be made visible by some means, such as heat or ultraviolet light. Invisible ink is one form of steganography.
Thompson Springs, Utah
Thompson Springs, also officially known for a time as just Thompson, is a small census-designated place in central Grand County, Utah, United States. The population was 39 at the 2010 census. The town is just north of the east–west highway route shared by Interstate 70, U.S. Route 6 and U.S. Route 50, between Crescent Junction and Cisco. Moab, the county seat, is 37 miles (60 km) to the south. Thompson Springs is located in high desert country with the Book Cliffs just to the north.

Moab, Utah
Moab (/ˈmoʊ.æb/ ⓘ) is the largest city in and the county seat of Grand County in eastern Utah in the western United States, known for its dramatic scenery. The population was 5,366 at the 2020 census. Moab attracts many tourists annually, mostly visitors to the nearby Arches and Canyonlands National Parks. The town is a popular base for mountain bikers who ride the extensive network of trails including the Slickrock Trail, and for off-roaders who come for the annual Moab Jeep Safari.

Moab is home to one of the nine regional campuses of Utah State University.
2011 AFC Asian Cup Group A
Group A was one of four groups of nations competing at the 2011 AFC Asian Cup. The group's first matches began on 7 January 2011 and its last matches were played on 16 January 2011. All six group matches were played at venues in Doha, Qatar. The group consisted of hosts Qatar, China PR, Kuwait and Uzbekistan.

Uzbekistan national football team
The Uzbekistan national football team (Uzbek: Oʻzbekiston milliy futbol terma jamoasi / Ўзбекистон миллий футбол терма жамоаси) represents Uzbekistan in men's international football and is controlled by the Uzbekistan Football Association, the governing body for football in Uzbekistan.

Uzbekistan holds the highest competitive results among teams from Central Asia. At the 2011 Asian Cup, Uzbekistan reached the semi-finals of the tournament for the first time. At other competitions such as the Asian Games, Uzbekistan won the gold medal in 1994 in Japan, while finishing as the runners-up at the Afro-Asian Cup of Nations in 1995. They qualified for the FIFA World Cup for the first time in 2026.
Kikitsu Station
Kikitsu Station (喜々津駅, Kikitsu-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of Isahaya, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Kyushu. From here, in the direction of Nagasaki, Nagasaki Main Line splits into the "new line" (inland route via Ichinuno) and the "old line" (coastal route via Nagayo).

Isahaya, Nagasaki
Isahaya (諫早市, Isahaya-shi) is a city located in Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. As of June 1, 2024, the city had an estimated population of  131,467 in 55169 households, and a population density of 380 people per km2. The total area of the city is 341.79 km2 (131.97 sq mi).
Unnikale Oru Kadha Parayam
Unnikale Oru Kadha Parayam (transl. Kids, I'll tell a story) is a 1987 Indian Malayalam-language drama film directed by Kamal and written by John Paul from a story by Kamal. It was produced by Mohanlal and Century Kochumon through the company Chears Films, and stars Mohanlal and Karthika. The film features music composed by Ouseppachan. Unnikale Oru Kadha Parayam was a major commercial success at the box office. K. J. Yesudas won the National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer.

Karthika (Malayalam actress)
Sunanda Nair, better known by her stage name Karthika is an Indian former actress who worked predominantly in Malayalam movies and a few Tamil movies. She was one of the popular lead Malayalam actresses during 1984-1988.She is well known for her portrayal of Charumathy in Nayakan (1987).
Ballingeary
Ballingeary (Irish: Béal Átha an Ghaorthaidh, pronounced [ˌbʲeːl̪ˠ aːh ənˠ ˈɣeːɾˠhiː]) is a village in the Shehy Mountains in County Cork, Ireland.

The village is located within the Muskerry Gaeltacht (Irish-speaking area). According to the 2016 census, over 42% of the population speak Irish on a daily basis outside the education system. In 2022, Ballingeary had the highest proportion of Irish speakers among the population aged three years and over in Ireland, at 89%.

It has an active Irish-language summer school, Coláiste na Mumhan (College of Munster), which was attended by Thomas MacDonagh in the summer of 1906. It also hosts a yearly agricultural and horticultural show.

Ballingeary is 19 km west of Macroom, on the R584 road. The River Lee rises a few kilometres west of the village, at Gougane Barra Park.

River Lee
The River Lee (Irish: An Laoi) is a river in Ireland.  It rises in the Shehy Mountains on the western border of County Cork and flows eastwards through Cork, where it splits in two for a short distance, creating an island on which Cork's city centre is built, then passes through Cork Harbour on the south coast, one of the largest natural harbours in the world, to empty into the Celtic Sea.  The catchment area of the River Lee is 1,253 km2. The long-term average flow rate of the River Lee is 40.4 cubic metres per second (m3/s).

A hydro-electric scheme was built on the river, upstream from Cork City, and this part of the river now contains the Carrigadrohid and Inniscarra reservoirs. The river is crossed by 42 bridges, 29 of which are in Cork City, and one tunnel. The river also provides an 8-kilometre (5.0 mi) stretch of salmon fishing.
Nordic Games
The Nordic Games were the first international multi-sport event that focused primarily on winter sports, and were held at varying intervals between 1901 and 1926. It was organized by Sweden's Swedish Central Association for the Promotion of Athletics, and more specifically by Viktor Balck, a member of that association and one of the five original members of the International Olympic Committee (IOC). It was, in many ways, a precursor to the modern Winter Olympic Games, whose success was a contributing factor (along with the social and economic turmoil following World War I) to the Nordic Games's discontinuation in the 1920s.

Multi-sport event
A multi-sport event is an organized sporting event, often held over multiple days, featuring competition in many different sports among organized teams of athletes from (mostly) nation-states. The first major, modern, multi-sport event of international significance was the Olympic Games, first held in modern times in 1896 in Athens, Greece, and inspired by the ancient Olympic Games, one of a number of such events held in antiquity. Most modern multi-sport events have the same basic structure. Games are held over the 
course of several days in and around a "host city", which changes for each competition. Countries send national teams to each competition, consisting of individual athletes and teams that compete in a wide variety of sports.  Athletes or teams are awarded gold, silver or bronze medals for first, second and third place respectively. Each game is generally held every four years, though some are annual competitions.
La cruz y la espada
La cruz y la espada is a 1934 American Spanish language drama film directed by Frank Strayer, which stars José Mojica, Juan Torena, and Anita Campillo. The screenplay was written by Paul Schofield and William DuBois from a story by Miguel de Zárraga.

Paul Schofield (screenwriter)
Paul Schofield (born c. 1895, in Norfolk, Virginia) was an American screenplay writer who worked on 44 films between 1920 and 1940, some directed by famous directors such as D. W. Griffith, John Ford, Archie Mayo, Frank Lloyd, and Herbert Brenon.
The House of the Seven Flies
The House of the Seven Flies is a 1952 thriller novel by the British writer Victor Canning. The plot revolves around a quarter of a million pounds worth of diamonds stolen from an Amsterdam bank, and the death of the man to whom ex-British Army officer Edward Furse rents out his boat.

Victor Canning
Victor Canning (16 June 1911 – 21 February 1986) was a prolific British writer of novels and thrillers who flourished in the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. He was personally reticent, writing no memoirs and giving relatively few newspaper interviews.
Chen Tien
Chen Tien or Chen Tian (simplified Chinese: 陈田; traditional Chinese: 陳田; pinyin: Chén Tián) (25 August 1923 – 3 September 1990) was the head of the Central Propaganda Department of the Communist Party of Malaya (CPM).

Malayan Communist Party
The Malayan Communist Party (MCP), officially the Communist Party of Malaya (CPM), was a Marxist–Leninist and anti-imperialist communist party which was active in British Malaya and later, the modern states of Malaysia and Singapore from 1930 to 1989. It was responsible for the creation of both the Malayan Peoples' Anti-Japanese Army and the Malayan National Liberation Army.

The party led resistance efforts against the Japanese occupation of Malaya and Singapore during World War II, and later fought a war of national liberation against the British Empire during the Malayan Emergency. After the departure of British colonial forces from the Federation of Malaya, the party fought in a third guerrilla campaign against both the Malaysian and Singaporean governments in an attempt to create a communist state in the region, before disbanding in 1989. Today, due to historical connotations surrounding the MCP, communism as an ideology remains a taboo political topic in both countries.
Isabella Tena
Isabella Tena Nava (born January 25, 2007, in Mexico City, Mexico) is a Mexican actress.

Tena has participated in a series of telenovelas and theater plays, among them Mi corazon es tuyo alongside Jorge Salinas, Sueño de amor (where she acted alongside Julian Gil and in which her birthday was celebrated during an early recording of the show) and Mi marido tiene familia, alongside actress Silvia Pinal. Most recently, Tena has appeared in El amor no tiene receta playing the role of Gala.

She is the younger sister of actress Ana Tena.

Mi marido tiene familia
Mi marido tiene familia, also known as Mi marido tiene más familia for the second season and stylized onscreen as Mi marido tiene + familia, is a Mexican comedy telenovela that premiered on Las Estrellas on June 5, 2017 and ended on February 24, 2019. Produced for Televisa by Juan Osorio and Roy Rojas and created by Héctor Forero López and Pablo Ferrer García-Travesí, based on the South Korean series My Husband Got a Family written by Park Ji-eun and produced by KBS. It stars Zuria Vega, Daniel Arenas, Diana Bracho and Silvia Pinal.

The series revolves around Robert Cooper, a doctor who was adopted by a Colombian American family, but wants to know who his biological parents are. His wife, Julieta Aguilar is in charge of helping him find his family, but she fears that they won't accept her.

On October 18, 2017, Juan Osorio confirmed that the show has been renewed for a second season. The second season premiered on July 9, 2018.
Charles Billings (politician)
Charles Billings (1825 – November 1906) was a municipal official, educator, farmer and politician in Gloucester Township, Ontario. He served as reeve for the township in 1852.

The son of Braddish Billings and  Lamira Dow, he studied law and articled for a law office in Buffalo, but never entered the practice of law. Billings helped establish the General Protestant Hospital in Bytown. He was elected reeve for Gloucester in 1852 and served on the education committee for Carleton County. Billings served as the township clerk from 1854 to 1906. He also taught school at Billings Bridge from 1856 to 1863 and looked after the family farm. In 1858, he married Maria Murray.

Gloucester, Ontario
Gloucester (/ˈɡlɒstər/ GLOST-ər) is a former municipality and now geographic area of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Located east of Ottawa's inner core, it was an independent city until amalgamated with the Regional Municipality of Ottawa–Carleton in 2001 to become the new city of Ottawa. The population of Gloucester is about 150,012 people (2021 Census).
Autostrada A11 (Italy)
The Autostrada A11 or Autostrada Firenze - Mare  ("Florence-Sea Motorway") is an autostrada (Italian for "motorway") 81.7 kilometres (50.8 mi) long in Italy located in the region of Tuscany, which connects Florence to Pisa. It is a part of the E76 European route. The Autostrada A11 it is currently operated by Autostrade per l'Italia. It is the busiest road in Tuscany and connects Florence to the central-northern Tyrrhenian coast, crossing the Arno river plain, the densely populated and industrialized plain of Prato and Pistoia, the Valdinievole and the plain of Lucca. An 18.2 kilometres (11.3 mi) connection, built in the 1970s, connects Lucca to Viareggio, facilitating the connection with the Autostrada A12 towards Genoa.

European route E76
European route E76 forms part of the United Nations International E-road network. Its course lies entirely within Italy, where it connects Migliarino Pisano, near Pisa, to Florence, by way of Lucca, Pistoia, and Prato.
Fantastix
Fantastix is the fourth studio album by J-pop duo Two-Mix, released by King Records on December 22, 1997. It includes the singles "True Navigation" (image song from the Japanese dub of The X-Files season 3), "Summer Planet No. 1" (commercial image song for Tokyo Telemessage's "P-Press"), and "Living Daylights" (ending theme of TV Asahi's broadcast of NBA Tonight). The album also includes the song "Break", which was featured in the anime series Case Closed.

The album peaked at No. 11 on Oricon's weekly albums chart. It was also certified Gold by the RIAJ.

Two-Mix
Two-Mix (temporarily known as II MIX⊿DELTA) is a Japanese pop duo formed in 1995 by Minami Takayama (vocals and composer) and Shiina Nagano (synthesizer, composer and lyricist). Their style is fast electronic pop.
Chung Shan Industrial and Commercial School
The Chung Shan Industrial and Commercial School (CSIC; Chinese: 高雄市私立中山高級工商職業學校) is a vocational school in Daliao District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Furthermore, the school also famous for football and volleyball in Taiwan.

Daliao District
22°35′47″N 120°24′49″E﻿ / ﻿22.596262°N 120.413536°E﻿ / 22.596262; 120.413536

Daliao District (Chinese: 大寮區; pinyin: Dàliáo Qū; Wade–Giles: Ta4-liao2 Ch'ü1) is a suburban district in Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Part of the Kaohsiung metropolitan area, it has 111,923 inhabitants as of October 2023, making it the 9th most populous district of Kaohsiung. It has an area of 71.04 square kilometers, or 27.4287 square miles, giving it a population density of 1,569 people per square kilometer, or 4,064 people per square mile. It is linked with Downtown Kaohsiung by the Orange Line of the Kaohsiung Metro.
Catherinette
Catherinette was a traditional French label for a woman of twenty-five years who was still unmarried by the Feast of Saint Catherine (25 November). A special celebration was offered to them on this day and everyone wished them a swift end to their single status.

Although the term has become rather old-fashioned in France, it is still sometimes used to refer to 25-year-old single women.

The derogatory terms "spinster" and "old maid" were used in a similar context in the English-speaking world. In modern China, the slang term sheng nü describes "leftover women".

Spinster
Spinster or old maid is a term referring to an unmarried woman who is older than what is perceived as the prime age range during which women usually marry. It can also indicate that a woman is considered unlikely to ever marry. The term originally denoted a woman whose occupation was to spin. The closest equivalent term for males is "bachelor" or "confirmed bachelor" (or, in cases of gay men, "he never married"), but this generally does not carry the same connotations in reference to age and perceived desirability in marriage.
No Job for a Lady
No Job for a Lady is a British sitcom that aired on ITV between 7 February 1990 and 10 February 1992. Starring Penelope Keith, it was written by Alex Shearer, and directed and produced by John Howard Davies. It was made by Thames Television for ITV.

Alex Shearer
Alex Shearer (born 25 June 1949) is a British novelist and scriptwriter.  He was born in Wick, in the north of Scotland.   Alex Shearer sold his first TV script at the age of 29, after a varied career of some 30 odd jobs.

He wrote for television, film, theatre and radio (including plays and short stories for BBC Radio 4) for 14 years, and then devoted himself to becoming a novelist.

His 2003 novel The Speed of the Dark was shortlisted for the Guardian Children's Fiction Prize. The Greatest Store in the World was adapted into a television film by the BBC. His novel Bootleg was adapted for a television series by the BBC, and later adapted into manga and anime under its Japanese title Chocolate Underground.
1976–77 NFL playoffs
The National Football League playoffs for the 1976 season began on December 18, 1976. The postseason tournament concluded with the Oakland Raiders defeating the Minnesota Vikings in Super Bowl XI, 32–14, on January 9, 1977, at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California.

Pete Banaszak
Peter Andrew Banaszak (born May 21, 1944) is an American former professional football player who was a running back for the Oakland Raiders in the American Football League (AFL) and National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Miami Hurricanes. He played for the Raiders in the AFL from 1966 through 1969, and in the NFL from 1970 through 1978.
United States Mixed Doubles Curling Championship
The United States Mixed Doubles Curling Championship is the national curling championship for mixed doubles curling in the United States. The winning team in the tournament represents the United States at that year's World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship.

Doubles curling
Doubles curling (most commonly seen as mixed doubles) is a variation of the sport of curling with only two players on each team.  Mixed doubles is the most common format of doubles curling, where the term 'mixed' specifies that each team is composed of one man and one woman. The term mixed is also used to describe a specific format of 4-person team curling where the team consists of two men and two women and the throwing order alternates genders, see mixed team.

With its smaller teams and quicker games, doubles curling has provided an opportunity for more countries to participate in international competition. At the 2019 World Mixed Doubles Championship 48 of the 61 World Curling member countries were represented, including the first international curling competition for Kosovo, Ukraine, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia, and Mexico.
Famões
Famões is a former civil parish in the municipality of Odivelas, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Pontinha e Famões. Administratively, the parish of Famões was de-annexed from the neighboring parish of Odivelas on 25 August 1989, and later elevated to the status of town, on 19 April 2001.

Today, it continues to be part of the municipality of Odivelas, after existing as a parish in the municipality of Loures (it was annexed to Odivelas on 19 November 1998). Ecclesiastically, the religious parish of Famões belongs to the vicarage of Loures-Odivelas, in the Diocese of Lisbon, its organ is Nossa Senhora do Rosário (Our Lady of the Rosary).

Pontinha e Famões
Pontinha e Famões is a civil parish in the municipality of Odivelas, Portugal. It was formed in 2013 by the merger of the former parishes Pontinha and Famões. The population in 2011 was 34,143, in an area of 9.22 km².
Thoma Bravo
Thoma Bravo, LP is an American private equity and growth capital firm based in Chicago, Illinois. It is known for being particularly active in acquiring enterprise software companies and has over $130 billion in assets under management as of 2023.

It is the successor to the firm Golder Thoma & Co., which was established in 1980 by Stanley Golder and Carl Thoma. Thoma Bravo is led by managing partners Seth Boro, Orlando Bravo, Scott Crabill, Lee Mitchell, Holden Spaht and Carl Thoma.

The company focuses on the application, infrastructure and cybersecurity software and technology-enabled business service sectors, and uses a "consolidation" or "buy and build" investment strategy.

Orlando Bravo
Orlando Bravo (born 1970) is a Puerto Rican billionaire businessman. He is the co-founder and managing partner of Thoma Bravo, a private equity investment firm that specializes in enterprise software and technology-enabled services sectors. The 2019 Forbes 400 listed Bravo as the first Puerto Rican-born billionaire, debuting at No. 287. As of August 2025, his net worth is estimated at US$12.8 billion.
Bicycle Days
Bicycle Days is the debut novel by American author John Burnham Schwartz published in 1989 on his 24th birthday. It began as an undergraduate thesis for Harvard's Department of East Asian Studies and became a critically acclaimed bestseller. It was inspired by his time living in Japan.

John Burnham Schwartz
John Burnham Schwartz (born 1965) is an American novelist and screenwriter. Schwartz is best known for his novels Reservation Road (1998) and The Commoner (2008).  His fifth novel, Northwest Corner, a sequel to Reservation Road, was published in 2011. He is an editor at large at Penguin Random House.
Castle Bridge
Castle Bridge is a grade II* listed road bridge in Warwick, Warwickshire, England, which carries the A425 road over the River Avon.

In 1788, the Earl of Warwick, George Greville had obtained an act of Parliament, the Warwick Bridge Act 1788 (28 Geo. 3. c. 9), to build a new bridge over the Avon. The bridge was built between 1790 and 1793, at a cost of around £3,258, some 400 metres east of Warwick Castle. It consists of a single arch made from sandstone.

It replaced an older medieval bridge further downstream, which became known as Old Castle Bridge and is now a ruin.

Warwick
Warwick (/ˈwɒrɪk/ WORR-ik) is a market town, civil parish and the county town of Warwickshire in the Warwick District in England, adjacent to the River Avon. It is 9 miles (14 km) south of Coventry, and 19 miles (31 km) south-east of Birmingham. It is adjoined with Leamington Spa and Whitnash.

Warwick has ancient origins and an array of historic buildings, notably from the Medieval, Stuart and Georgian eras. It was a major fortified settlement from the early Middle Ages, the most notable relic of this period being Warwick Castle, a major tourist attraction. Much was destroyed in the Great Fire of Warwick in 1694 and then rebuilt with fine 18th century buildings, such as the Collegiate Church of St Mary and the Shire Hall. The population was estimated at 36,665 at the 2021 Census.
José de Jesús Madera Uribe
José de Jesús Madera Uribe MSpS (November 27, 1927 – January 21, 2017) was an American Catholic prelate who served as an auxiliary bishop for the Archdiocese for the Military Services in Washington, D.C. from 1991 to 2004. He previously served as bishop of Fresno in California from 1980 to 1991. He was a member of the Missionaries of the Holy Spirit.

Diocese of Fresno
The Diocese of Fresno (Latin: Dioecesis Fresnensis) is a diocese of the Latin Church in the Central Valley of California in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Los Angeles. The bishop is Joseph Brennan. Since 1922, the diocesan see has been in the City of Fresno with the cathedra at St. John's Cathedral.