hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lucy v. Adams
Lucy v. Adams, 350 U.S. 1 (1955), was a U.S. Supreme Court case that successfully established the right of all citizens to be accepted as students at the University of Alabama.

The case involved African American citizens Autherine Lucy and Polly Anne Myers, who were refused admission to the University of Alabama solely on account of their race or color.

The Supreme Court affirmed the lower court decision, saying that it enjoins and restrains the respondent and others designated from denying these petitioners, solely on account of their race or color, the right to enroll in the University of Alabama and pursue courses of study there.

Pollie Anne Myers Pinkins
Pollie Anne Myers-Pinkins (née Myers; July 14, 1932 – March 17, 2003) was an American civil rights activist. She and Autherine Lucy were the first African Americans admitted to the University of Alabama in 1952, and both fought to desegregate the university. Pinkins and Lucy, working with the NAACP, sued the university for admission after it tried to revoke their acceptance. They fought their case up to the U.S. Supreme Court, which ordered the university to admit the two women. However, the university responded by rejecting Pinkins' admission under a new argument, and Pinkins' side did not restart legal challenges. Pinkins earned a master's degree in education from Wayne State University instead.
Abd al Kuri
Abd al Kuri (Arabic: عبد الكوري) is a rocky island in the Guardafui Channel. As a part of the Socotra Archipelago Governorate of Yemen, it lies about 65 miles (105 km) southwest of the main island of Socotra. Its terrain primarily consists of granite and diorite covered with limestone.

Guardafui Channel
The Guardafui Channel (Arabic: مضيق غواردافوي, Somali: Marinka Gardafuul) is an oceanic strait off the tip of the Horn of Africa that lies between the Puntland region of Somalia and the Socotra governorate of Yemen to the west of the Arabian Sea. It connects the Gulf of Aden to the north with the Indian Ocean to the south. Its namesake is Cape Guardafui, the very tip of the Horn of Africa.
Commission scolaire de la Rivière-du-Nord
The Commission scolaire de la Rivière-du-Nord (CSRDN) was a francophone school district in the Canadian province of Quebec. Its headquarters are in Saint-Jérôme.

It comprises several primary schools and high schools across municipalities in the Laurentides region. The commission is overseen by a board of elected school trustees.

Lachute
Lachute (French pronunciation: [laʃyt]) is a town in southwest Quebec, Canada, 82.2 km (51.1 mi) northwest of Montreal, on the Rivière du Nord, a tributary of the Ottawa River, and west of the Mirabel International Airport. It is located on Autoroute 50, at the junctions of Quebec Provincial Highways Route 148, Route 158, and Secondary Highways 327 and 329.

Lachute is the seat of Argenteuil Regional County Municipality. It also has a local airport: Lachute Airport. Its major industries include paper mills, lumber and various manufacturing plants. The population is just over 14,000 people.
Curve (theatre)
Curve, also known as Curve Theatre, is a theatre in Leicester, England, based in the cultural quarter in Leicester City Centre. Previously, it had been called Leicester Performing Arts Centre. It is adjacent to the Leicester Athena conference and banqueting centre.

Danny Mac
Danny Mac (born 26 February 1988) is an English actor known for a variety of roles on stage and screen. He has received a number of awards and nominations including Best Actor, Best Newcomer, Best Actor in a Visiting Production.
Aaraam Thampuran
Aaraam Thampuran (transl. The Sixth Lord) is a 1997 Indian Malayalam-language action drama film directed by Shaji Kailas, written by Ranjith and produced by Revathy Kalamandhir. It stars Mohanlal in the title role with Narendra Prasad, Manju Warrier, Sai Kumar, Oduvil Unnikrishnan, Cochin Haneefa and Srividya in supporting roles. The story follows Jagannadhan (Mohanlal), a former Mumbai-based enforcer who buys an old kovilakam (royal manor) named Kanimangalam and shifts the balance of power in that village, and he comes to be known as Aaram Thampuran (sixth lord). The film features original songs composed by Raveendran.

Sai Kumar (Malayalam actor)
Sai Kumar, also credited as Saikumar, is an Indian actor who appears in Malayalam films. He is the son of Malayalam actor late Kottarakkara Sreedharan Nair. He appears in both positive and negative roles. He notably plays the hero role in Ramji Rao Speaking, and the villain in Makkal Mahatmyam.
Alen Islamović
Alija "Alen" Islamović (born 17 August 1957) is a Bosnian rock vocalist. He is best known as the lead singer of Bosnian and Yugoslav rock bands Divlje jagode from 1981 to 1986 and Bijelo Dugme from 1986 to 1989.

Born Alija Islamović in Bihać into a Bosniak family from the nearby village of Sokolac where he'd spend the first two and a half years of his infancy, the youngster grew up with an older brother. Once their father found work in Bihać, the entire family relocated to the town proper. Islamović first accessed music in the late 1960s via his brother who brought home a turntable gramophone.

Ćiribiribela
Ćiribiribela is the ninth and final studio album by Yugoslav rock band Bijelo Dugme, released in 1988. Bijelo Dugme would split-up in 1989, and Ćirbiribela would be the band's last release (excluding compilation albums) before the band's 2005 reunion and the live album Turneja 2005: Sarajevo, Zagreb, Beograd.
The Keeping Room
The Keeping Room is a 2014 American Western film directed by Daniel Barber and written by Julia Hart. The film stars Brit Marling, Hailee Steinfeld, Muna Otaru, Sam Worthington, Amy Nuttall, and Ned Dennehy. It was screened in the Special Presentations section of the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival. The film was given a limited release in the United States on September 25, 2015, by Drafthouse Films. The film was made available on Netflix US on May 4, 2016.

Daniel Barber (director)
Daniel Barber (born 1965) is a British director. Having begun his career as director of commercials, he was nominated for an Academy Award in 2008 for his short film The Tonto Woman. In 2009 he directed Michael Caine in Harry Brown.
Super Show 4
Super Show 4 was the first live world concert tour and fourth international tour by South Korean boy band Super Junior, in support of their fifth studio album, Mr. Simple. The world tour commenced with two shows in Seoul in November 2011 and continued onto Japan, Taiwan, China, other Asian countries, and France.

On June 28, 2013, a live album, Super Show 4 Concert Album, of the concert held in Seoul was released. On August 8, 2013, a 3D film of the Seoul concert was released in 30 theaters across South Korea. The 3D concert movie plays out Super Junior’s Super Show 4 concert, part of its world tour that was held in May 2012 at the Olympic Park Gymnastics Stadium.

Mr. Simple
Mr. Simple (reissue name A-Cha) is the fifth studio album by the South Korean boy band Super Junior. It was released on 3 August 2011, by SM Entertainment, distributed by KMP Holdings and digitally release on 2 August. On 19 September 2011, a repackaged edition was released, re-titled A-Cha. It features four new tracks including title track "A-Cha" and "Superman" which was previously released in version B only. This is the group's second album that features ten of the original 13 members and the first being their previous album, Bonamana (2010).

At the year end award shows of 2011, the album won the Disk Daesang Award at the 26th Golden Disk Awards and 21st Seoul Music Awards, as well as the Album of the Year at the 13th Mnet Asian Music Awards. The album, including the repackaged version, is listed as the 2nd best-selling album of the year for 2011. According to Gaon Chart, as of the end of December 2012, the album has sold a cumulative total of 543,623 copies domestically.
Catherine Ulbricht
Catherine (Kate) Elizabeth Ulbricht is a co-founder of the Natural Standard Research Collaboration. She is a Senior Attending Pharmacist at Massachusetts General Hospital. She serves on the editorial board of Harvard Health Publications, the Journal of the American Nutraceutical Association, and Pharmacy Practice News. She is editor in chief of the Journal of Dietary Supplements.

Journal of Dietary Supplements
The Journal of Dietary Supplements is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers research in any area involving dietary supplements. It is abstracted and indexed in CABI, Academic Search Complete, Biological Abstracts, PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, BIOSIS Previews, and the Emerging Sources Citation Index. The journal was established in 1996 as the Journal of Nutraceuticals, Functional & Medical Foods and was published by Haworth Press. It changed to its present title in 2004 and has been published since 2008 by Taylor & Francis.
Hotel Paradiso (film)
Hotel Paradiso is a 1966 British comedy film directed by Peter Glenville and starring Alec Guinness, Gina Lollobrigida and Robert Morley. It was written by Jean-Claude Carrière and Glenville based on the 1894 play L'Hôtel du libre échange by Maurice Desvallières and Georges Feydeau. It was released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in Panavision.

Alec Guinness reprised the role he had played in the London West End theatre production of Hotel Paradiso, which opened at the Winter Garden Theatre, Drury Lane, London on 2 May 1956. Douglas Byng also reprised his part from the stage play.

Maurice Desvallières
Ernest George Maurice Lefebvre-Desvallières (3 October 1857 – 23 March 1926) was a 19th–20th-century French playwright.

Maurice was the brother of George Desvallières, son of Emile Lefebvre Desvallières and Marie Legouvé (daughter and granddaughter of academicians Ernest Legouvé and Gabriel-Marie Legouvé).

He studied at lycée Condorcet.

He wrote several theatre plays in collaboration with Georges Feydeau.
Țara Oașului
Țara Oașului, lit. 'Oaș Country' in Romanian (Hungarian: Avasság) is an ethnocultural and historical region of Romania located in the north-east part of Satu Mare County, 50 km (31 mi) from both Satu Mare and Baia Mare. The total area is about 755.30 km2 (291.62 sq mi). The capital of Țara Oașului is the town of Negrești-Oaș.

Satu Mare County
Satu Mare County (Romanian: Județul Satu Mare, pronounced [ˌsatu ˈmare], Hungarian: Szatmár megye) is a county (județ) of Romania, on the border with Hungary and Ukraine. The capital city is Satu Mare.
2020 Kazakh Senate election
Senate elections were held in Kazakhstan on 12 August 2020 to elect members of the Senate of Kazakhstan for the 6th Parliament of Kazakhstan. All 17 of the 49 seats were up for reelection including the newly created represented seat from the city of Shymkent. 2889 out of total 3069 members of the Mäslihats cast their vote for a Senator representing each region and three cities of republican significance.

6th Parliament of Kazakhstan
The Parliament of the Republic of Kazakhstan of the 6th convocation (Kazakh: Алтыншы шақырылған Қазақстан Республикасы Парламенті, romanized: Altynşy şaqyrılğan Qazaqstan Respublikasy Parlamentı; Russian: Парламент Республики Казахстан шестого созыва) was the legislative term of the Parliament of Kazakhstan.

The convocation was formed shortly after the 2016 Kazakh legislative election where 98 deputies of the lower house Mäjilis were elected based on the party list through proportional representation, while the 9 seats are reserved to the indirectly elected members of the Assembly of People. The legislative term of the Mäjilis ended on 30 December 2020 while the convention for deputies of the Senate of Kazakhstan continued until 14 January 2021.
Snopes
Snopes (/ˈsnoʊps/), formerly known as the Urban Legends Reference Pages, is a fact-checking website. It has been described as a "well-regarded reference for sorting out myths and rumors" on the Internet. The site has also been seen as a source for both validating and debunking urban legends and similar stories in American popular culture.

Debunker
A debunker is a person or organization that exposes or discredits claims believed to be false, exaggerated, or pretentious. The term is often associated with skeptical investigation of controversial topics such as UFOs, claimed paranormal phenomena, cryptids, conspiracy theories, alternative medicine, religion, and exploratory or fringe areas of scientific or pseudoscientific research. According to the Merriam-Webster online dictionary, to "debunk" is defined as: "to expose the sham or falseness of." The  New Oxford American Dictionary defines "debunk" as "expose the falseness or hollowness of (a myth, idea, or belief)". If debunkers are not careful, their communications may backfire – increasing an audience's long-term belief in myths. Backfire effects can occur if a message spends too much time on the negative case, if it is too complex, or if the message is threatening.
Community Charter of the Fundamental Social Rights of Workers
The Community Charter of the Fundamental Social Rights of Workers (9 December 1989) is a principles-based charter of human rights that apply specifically to the workforce in the European Union. It is used as an interpretative aid by the Court of Justice of the European Union in construing the meaning of legislation and developing case law. It was initially drafted in 1989. All member states have adopted the text. (Initially, the United Kingdom under Margaret Thatcher's government did not adopt the charter, but the UK subsequently adopted the Charter in 1998).

International Transport Workers' Federation v Viking Line ABP
International Transport Workers' Federation v Viking Line ABP (2007) C-438/05 is an EU law case of the  European Court of Justice, in which it was held that there is a positive right to strike, but the exercise of that right could infringe a business's freedom of establishment under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union article 49 (ex Article 43 TEC). Often called 
The Rosella case or the Viking case, it is relevant to all labour law within the European Union (then including UK labour law). The decision has been criticised for the Court's inarticulate line of reasoning, and its disregard of fundamental human rights.

The Rosella was shortly followed by a case on freedom to provide services called Laval un Partneri Ltd v Svenska Byggnadsarbetareförbundet, and by the influential European Court of Human Rights decision in Demir and Baykara v Turkey.
Granja, Ceará
Granja is the westernmost municipality in the Brazilian state of Ceará.

The municipality contains part of the 1,592,550 hectares (3,935,300 acres) Serra da Ibiapaba Environmental Protection Area, created in 1996.

Serra da Ibiapaba Environmental Protection Area
The Serra da Ibiapaba Environmental Protection Area (Portuguese: Área de Proteção Ambiental Serra da Ibiapaba) is an environmental protection area in the states of Piauí and Ceará, Brazil.
It contains fragments of cerrado, caatinga and Atlantic Forest, and is home to the endangered red-handed howler.
The Light of Western Stars (1930 film)
The Light of Western Stars is a 1930 American pre-Code Western produced and distributed by Paramount Pictures. It had two directors, Otto Brower and Edwin H. Knopf. This film is the third filming of Zane Grey's 1914 novel, The Light of Western Stars. Richard Arlen and Mary Brian starred. Previously filmed by Paramount as a silent in 1925.

The film was the first adaptation of Grey's works to be made with sound. Star Richard Arlen sang in this, his second Western film, performing "a cowboy chantie, accompanied by an harmonica and a jews-harp."

Zane Grey
Zane Grey (January 31, 1872 – October 23, 1939) was an American author. He is known for his popular adventure novels and stories associated with the Western genre in literature and the arts; he idealized the American frontier. Riders of the Purple Sage (1912) was his best-selling book.

In addition to the success of his printed works, his books have second lives and continuing influence through adaptations for films and television. His novels and short stories were adapted into 112 films, two television episodes, and a television series, Dick Powell's Zane Grey Theatre.
Carola, Missouri
Carola is an unincorporated community in southeastern Butler County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

The community is on Missouri Route N 2.5 miles (4.0 km) southwest of Oglesville; the Missouri-Arkansas border is approximately 3.5 miles (5.6 km) to the south. The Black River flows past the west side of the community.

Butler County, Missouri
Butler County is a county located in the southeast Ozark Foothills Region in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 Census, the county's population was 42,130. The largest city and county seat is Poplar Bluff. The county was officially organized from Wayne County on February 27, 1849, and is named after former U.S. Representative William O. Butler (D-Kentucky), who was also an unsuccessful candidate for Vice President of the United States. The first meeting in the Butler County Courthouse was held on June 18, 1849.

Butler County comprises the Poplar Bluff, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Slaves (American band)
Slaves was an American post-hardcore group formed in Sacramento, California. The band consisted of bassist Colin Vieira, guitarists Weston Richmond and Juan Felipe Sanchez, drummer Zachary Baker, and lead vocalist Jonny Craig. The band released their debut album, Through Art We Are All Equals on June 24, 2014. Their second studio album, Routine Breathing, was released on August 21, 2015. The band released their third studio album Beautiful Death on February 16, 2018.

All members except Craig would go on to form the Florida-based rock band Rain City Drive, with The Voice runner-up Matt McAndrew on lead vocals, signing to independent record label Thriller Records.

Myka Relocate
Myka Relocate were an American metalcore band formed in Lafayette, Louisiana in 2007, later based in Houston, Texas. The band has released three studio albums, Self Portrait as a Frozen Father, Lies to Light the Way and The Young Souls in addition to taking part in four annual South by So What?! music festivals between 2012 and 2015 as well as the 2016 SO WHAT! Music Festival.  The band is credited with being able to successfully combine electronic elements, guttural screaming and pop vocals.
Battle Isle: The Andosia War
Battle Isle: The Andosia War (German: Battle Isle: Der Andosia Konflikt) is a 2000 turn-based strategy video game developed by Cauldron and published by Blue Byte for the Windows. It is the fifth and final game in the Battle Isle series. The game was sold in North America exclusively on Blue Byte's online store.

Ubisoft Blue Byte
Ubisoft Blue Byte GmbH (Blue Byte until 2017) is a German video game holding company owned by Ubisoft. It was founded in October 1988 by Thomas Hertzler and Lothar Schmitt as a developer and is best known for developing the Anno and The Settlers series. The studio was acquired by Ubisoft in 2001. Related Designs was merged into Blue Byte in 2013, and a third studio in Berlin was established in 2018. Since 2019, Ubisoft Blue Byte acts as the parent company of Ubisoft's three German studios, which became branded as Ubisoft Düsseldorf, Ubisoft Mainz and Ubisoft Berlin. The three studios comprise 695 employees as of August 2024.
Topeka Tarantulas
The Topeka Tarantulas were a professional minor league ice hockey team based in Topeka, Kansas. They were a member of the Central Hockey League and played their home games at Landon Arena. The team was established in 2004 when the Indianapolis Ice moved to Topeka from Indianapolis. The Tarantulas played one season and then folded.

The Tarantulas were preceded by the Topeka Scarecrows, who played in the CHL from 1998 to 2001; another franchise also named the Topeka Scarecrows subsequently played in the United States Hockey League from 2001 to 2003. The Tarantulas went 16-39-0-2-3 (W-L-T-OTL-SOL) in their only season and then folded in 2005. Topeka was without hockey at any level until 2007 when the Topeka RoadRunners began play in the Tier II junior North American Hockey League. The RoadRunners moved to Kansas City in 2020.

Central Hockey League
The Central Hockey League (CHL) was a North American mid-level minor professional ice hockey league which operated from 1992 until 2014. It was founded by Ray Miron and Bill Levins and later sold to Global Entertainment Corporation, which operated the league from 2000 to 2013, at which point it was purchased by the individual franchise owners.  As of the end of its final season in 2014, three of the 30 National Hockey League teams had affiliations with the CHL: the Dallas Stars, Minnesota Wild, and Tampa Bay Lightning.

Several teams of defunct leagues joined the CHL along its history, including the Southern Hockey League, Western Professional Hockey League and International Hockey League. After two teams suspended operations during the 2014 offseason, the ECHL accepted the remaining seven teams as members in October 2014, meaning the end for the CHL after 22 seasons.
1837 Connecticut gubernatorial election
The 1837 Connecticut gubernatorial election was held on April 3, 1837. Incumbent governor and Democratic nominee Henry W. Edwards was re-elected, defeating former congressman and Whig nominee William W. Ellsworth with 52.53% of the vote.

Henry W. Edwards
Henry Waggaman Edwards (October 1779 – July 22, 1847) was an American lawyer, a Democrat, and the 27th and 29th governor of the U.S. state of Connecticut (1833–1834, 1835–1838). He previously served in both the U.S. Senate (1823 to 1827) and the U.S. House of Representatives (1819 to 1823). He had a cousin to Aaron Burr (1756–1836), the third vice president of the United States.
Trehalase
Trehalase enzymes are hydrolytic glycosidases, produced by most forms of life (except mammals), which catalyze the reduction of trehalose (α-D-glucopyranosyl-1,1-α-D-glucopyranoside) - a non-reducing sugar and important storage carbohydrate - into glucose.

These enzymes are commonly found within brush border cells on the surface of the small intestine, and are present in most animals.

Two different trehalase enzymes have been isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and are classified according to the optimum working pH; where neutral trehalase (NT) has an optimum pH of 7.0, while that of acid trehalase (AT) is pH 4.5.

Recent studies of trehalase in S.cerevisiae have reported over 90% of AT activity is dedicated to extracellular cleavage of trehalose to glucose within the periplasmic space.

Trehalose
Trehalose is a sugar derived from two molecules of glucose.  Trehalose is a disaccharide formed by a 1,1-glycosidic bond between two α-glucose units. It is found in nature as a disaccharide and also as a monomer in some polymers. Two other stereoisomers exist: α,β-trehalose, also called neotrehalose, and β,β-trehalose, also called isotrehalose. Neither of these alternate isomers has been isolated from living organisms, but isotrehalose has been found in starch hydroisolates. Some bacteria, fungi, plants and invertebrate animals synthesize it as a source of energy, and to survive freezing and lack of water.
Pat Badger
Patrick John Badger (born July 22, 1967) is a musician, singer, and songwriter, best known as the bass guitarist in the band Extreme.

He has also been a member of Tribe of Judah, and he is the founder of the tribute band Dark Desert Eagles.

Extreme (band)
Extreme is an American rock band formed in Boston, Massachusetts, in 1985, that reached the height of their popularity in the late 1980s and early 1990s. They have released six studio albums, two EPs (in Japan) and two compilation albums since their formation. The band was one of the most successful rock acts of the early 1990s, selling over 10 million albums worldwide.

Extreme achieved its greatest success with their second album Pornograffitti (1990), which peaked at number 10 on the Billboard 200, and was certified gold in May 1991 and double platinum in October 1992. The album featured the acoustic ballad single "More Than Words", which reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States.