hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
C. M. I. M. Matthiessen
Christian Matthias Ingemar Martin Matthiessen (born 1956) is a Swedish-born linguist and a leading figure in the systemic functional linguistics (SFL) school, having authored or co-authored more than 100 books, refereed journal articles, and papers in refereed conference proceedings, with contributions to three television programs. One of his major works is Lexicogrammatical cartography (1995), a 700-page study of the grammatical systems of English from the perspective of SFL. He has co-authored a number of books with Michael Halliday. Since 2008 he has been a professor in the Department of English at the Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Before this, he was Chair of the Department of Linguistics at Macquarie University in Sydney.

William C. Mann
William C. "Bill" Mann (died August 13, 2004, aged 69) was a computer scientist and computational linguist, the originator of rhetorical structure theory (RST) and a president of the Association for Computational Linguistics (1987–1988). He is especially well known for his work in text generation.

He received a Ph.D. in artificial intelligence and computer science at Carnegie Mellon University under Herbert Simon and Allen Newell.

From the mid-1970s until 1990, he was a researcher at the Information Sciences Institute of the University of Southern California. From 1990 to 1996, he was a consultant with the Summer Institute of Linguistics, based in Nairobi.

William C. Mann died on August 13, 2004, after a long struggle with leukemia.
Yuji Matsuo
Yuji Matsuo (松尾 雄治, Matsuo Yūji, born 20 January 1954) is a former Japanese rugby union player and a sports journalist. He played as a fly-half.

Matsuo was one of the greatest Japanese rugby players of all times and played for Shin-Nittetsu Kamaishi. He left competition in 1985, after seven consecutive wins.

He had 24 caps for Japan, from 1974 to 1984, scoring 3 tries, 5 conversions, 14 penalties and 3 drop goals, in an aggregate of 73 points.

After finishing his player career he became a sports journalist for the Japanese television.

Nippon Steel Kamaishi Seawaves
Nippon Steel Kamaishi Seawaves (commonly known as the Kamaishi Seawaves) is a Rugby union football club in Kamaishi, Iwate Prefecture, Japan.  It was established in 2001.

At its inception, it was known as Nippon Steel Corporation Kamaishi.
Frederick Wilson (Raja)
Frederick Wilson (21 January 1817 – 21/22 July 1883) also known as Raja of Harsil, Pahari Wilson or Shikari Wilson was a British sportsman, army deserter, and settler in the Himalayas. He was a keen hunter and naturalist who wrote in sporting magazines under the pen-name "Mountaineer". He obtained the rights to lands around Harsil from the local rule and was involved in cutting down trees to supply the early railways in India with sleepers. He was treated as a local king in the Harsil region, and even minted a currency of his own. It has been claimed that Rudyard Kipling's story The Man Who Would Be King was based on him.

The Man Who Would Be King
"The Man Who Would Be King"  is an 1888 short story by Rudyard Kipling about two British adventurers in British India who become kings of Kafiristan, a remote part of Afghanistan. The story was first published in The Phantom 'Rickshaw and Other Tales (1888); it also appeared in Wee Willie Winkie and Other Child Stories (1895) and numerous later editions of that collection.  It has been adapted for other media a number of times.
WWF Superstars of Wrestling
WWF Superstars of Wrestling, later shortened to WWF Superstars, is an American professional wrestling television program that was produced by the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE). It debuted on September 6, 1986, as the flagship program of the WWF's syndicated programming, featuring original matches and storyline development taped at various arenas. This format ran until March 9, 1997, shortly after the show moved to cable network USA, after which Superstars was repackaged into a magazine-style recap show of other WWF programming.

Stan Lane
Wallace Stanfield Lane (born August 5, 1953) is an American former professional wrestler and color commentator. He is best known for his appearances with the Continental Wrestling Association (CWA), Jim Crockett Promotions and World Championship Wrestling (WCW) in the 1980s. Primarily a tag team wrestler, Lane held championships including the AWA Southern Tag Team Championship, NWA United States Tag Team Championship, NWA World Tag Team Championship, and SMW Tag Team Championship as part of The Fabulous Ones, The Midnight Express, and The Heavenly Bodies.
Atlantic Coast leopard frog
The Atlantic Coast leopard frog (Lithobates kauffeldi) is a species of amphibian that is endemic to the United States. The species was described in 2014 from Staten Island. As a member of the genus Rana sensu lato, it is classified as a true frog, with typical smooth skin and a narrow waist. Its range stretches along the northern part of Eastern Seaboard, from Connecticut to North Carolina. The species takes its common name from the speckles on its legs and back reminiscent of a leopard pattern.

It is one of several species classified as leopard frogs, distinguished as unique through its mating call, genetic differences, habitat, and morphological distinctions.

Leopard frog
Leopard frog is a generic name used to refer to various species in the true frog genus Lithobates. They all have similar coloration: brown or green with spots that form a leopard pattern. They are distinguished by their distribution and behavioral, morphological, and genetic differences. The range of the various species of leopard frogs extends from the Hudson Bay in Canada, throughout the United States, throughout Mexico and other parts of Central America, and possibly the very northern section of South America.
Downsville, Wisconsin
Downsville is an unincorporated census-designated place in the town of Dunn, located within Dunn County, Wisconsin, United States, where Highway 25 crosses the Red Cedar River. As of the 2020 census, its population was 188, up from 146 at the 2010 census.

The community was founded in 1855. Around that time, Ebenezer Thompson tried to dam the Red Cedar, but his half-built dam was destroyed by a flood. In 1857 Captain Downs tried again and succeeded in building a dam which powered a sawmill. The village was platted in 1859, and named for Downs. He sold the mill to Knapp, Stout & Co., who expanded it and added planing and shingle mills which employed about 100 men by 1891. By that year the town also had a steam feed mill and a stop on the Menomonie branch of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St Paul Railway.

Dunn County, Wisconsin
Dunn County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 45,440. Its county seat is Menomonie. Dunn County comprises the Menomonie Micropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Eau Claire-Menomonie, WI Combined Statistical Area.
Procyliosoma
Arthropods portal

Procyliosoma is a genus of pill millipede found in Australia and New Zealand. Formerly classified in the family Sphaerotheriidae, in 2009  Procyliosoma was reclassified as the only genus in the family Procyliosomatidae.

Pill millipede
Pill millipedes are any members of two living (and one extinct) orders of millipedes, often grouped together into a single superorder, Oniscomorpha. The name Oniscomorpha refers to the millipedes' resemblance to certain woodlice (Oniscidea), also called pillbugs or roly-polies. However, millipedes and woodlice are not closely related (belonging to the subphyla Myriapoda and Crustacea, respectively); rather, this is a case of convergent evolution.
A Christmas Carol (2004 film)
A Christmas Carol: The Musical is a 2004 American musical television film based on the 1994 stage musical by Alan Menken and Lynn Ahrens inspired by the 1843 novella of the same name by Charles Dickens.

Directed by Arthur Allan Seidelman and written by Ahrens, the film stars Kelsey Grammer, Jesse L. Martin, Jane Krakowski, Jennifer Love Hewitt, Geraldine Chaplin, and Jason Alexander. The film premiered on November 28, 2004, on the NBC television network.

Jacob Marley
Jacob Marley is a fictional character in Charles Dickens's 1843 novella A Christmas Carol. Marley is the former business partner of Ebenezer Scrooge, the novella's protagonist; he is seven years deceased at the story's opening. On Christmas Eve, Scrooge is visited by Marley's ghost, who wanders the Earth entwined by heavy chains and money boxes due to a lifetime of greed and selfishness. Marley informs Scrooge that he has a single chance of redemption: he will be visited by three spirits in the hope that he will mend his ways. Otherwise, he will be cursed to carry chains of his own.
Topgallant sail
On a square rigged sailing vessel, a topgallant sail (topgallant alone pronounced "t'gallant", topgallant sail pronounced "t'garns'l", is the square-rigged sail or sails immediately above the topsail or topsails. It is also known as a gallant or garrant sail.

Later full-rigged ships split the topsail (and often the topgallant sail) for easier handling. They thus set two topsails (and possibly two topgallant sails) per mast. The lower topgallant sail is immediately above the upper topsail. The upper or only topgallant sail is set from the top of the topgallant mast. If there is a lower topgallant it is set from midway down the topgallant mast. A staysail set on a stay running forward and downwards from the top or midpoint of the topgallant mast is called a topgallant staysail.

Full-rigged ship
A full-rigged ship or fully rigged ship is a sailing vessel with a sail plan of three or more masts, all of them square-rigged. Such a vessel is said to have a ship rig or be ship-rigged, with each mast stepped in three segments: lower, top, and topgallant.
Moments (Andrew Rayel album)
Moments is the second studio album by Moldovan trance producer and DJ Andrew Rayel, released on 5 May 2017 through Armada Music. It is the follow-up to Rayel's debut album Find Your Harmony, which was released on 2014. The album was announced on 18 February 2017 together with a world tour which lasted from April to August 2017. 12 out of 18 songs in the album were released as singles over a two-year period from 2016 to 2017, with the lead single being “I’ll Be There” featuring American vocalist Eric Lumiere. Moments incorporates a mixture of big room-influenced trance, progressive house, psy-trance, and dubstep within its tracks.

Andrew Rayel
Andrei Rață (born 21 July 1992), better known by his stage name Andrew Rayel, is a Moldovan producer and DJ. Initially releasing his music on Armada Music, Rayel founded the label "inHarmony Music" on 22 September 2017, where his role is label chief and head of A&R.
Umesh Yadav
Umeshkumar Tilak Yadav (born 25 October 1987) is an Indian cricketer who represented the Indian cricket team. He currently plays for Vidarbha in domestic cricket. He played 57 test matches for India and his fast-bowling contributed of India winning test matches particularly at home. Yadav was a member of the team that won the 2013 ICC Champions Trophy. He was the highest wicket-taker for India in the 2015 Cricket World Cup.

A right-arm fast bowler, Yadav has played for Vidarbha at domestic level since 2008 and is the first player from the team to have played Test cricket. He made his One Day International (ODI) debut against Zimbabwe in May 2010. The following year, in November, Yadav made his Test debut against the West Indies. He holds the record of the highest strike rate in an innings in Test cricket after scoring 31 runs in 10 balls at a strike rate of 310 against South Africa in October 2019.

Kolkata Knight Riders
The Kolkata Knight Riders, also known as KKR, are  a professional Twenty20 cricket team based in Kolkata, West Bengal, that competes in the Indian Premier League (IPL). The franchise is owned by actor Shah Rukh Khan, actress Juhi Chawla, and her spouse Jay Mehta. Their home ground is Eden Gardens.

The franchise, which has gained immense popularity due to its association with celebrity owners, qualified for the IPL playoffs for the first time in 2011. They became the IPL champions in 2012, by defeating Chennai Super Kings in the final. They repeated the feat in 2014, defeating Kings XI Punjab. In 2024, they won the title for the third time by beating Sunrisers Hyderabad. The Knight Riders hold the record for the longest winning streak by any IPL team (14).

The team's all-time leading run-scorer is Gautam Gambhir, while their leading wicket-taker is Sunil Narine. The official motto of the team is Korbo, Lorbo, Jeetbo (Perform, Fight, Win) and the official colours are purple and gold.
Hovenweep National Monument
Hovenweep National Monument is located on land in southwestern Colorado and southeastern Utah, between Cortez, Colorado and Blanding, Utah on the Cajon Mesa of the Great Sage Plain.  Shallow tributaries run through the wide and deep canyons into the San Juan River.

Although Hovenweep National Monument is largely known for the six groups of Ancestral Puebloan villages and its kiva, there is evidence of occupation by hunter-gatherers from 8,000 to 6,000 B.C. until about AD 200.  Later, a succession of early puebloan cultures settled in the area and remained until the 14th century.

Hovenweep became a National Monument in 1923 and is administered by the National Park Service. In July 2014, the International Dark-Sky Association designated Hovenweep an International Dark Sky Park.

Cortez, Colorado
Cortez (/ˈkɔːrtɛz/ ⓘ) is a home-rule municipality that is the county seat of and the most populous municipality in Montezuma County, Colorado, United States. The city's population was 8,766 at the 2020 United States census.
Runaway June
Runaway June is an American country music group consisting of Stevie Woodward (lead vocals, guitar, piano, harmonica, autoharp), Jennifer Wayne (guitar, vocals), and Natalie Stovall (guitar, fiddle, banjo, mandolin, vocals). Wayne co-founded the group in 2015 with Hannah Mulholland (mandolin, vocals) and Naomi Cooke (lead vocals). Wayne was a former member of Stealing Angels and had co-written singles for other singers prior to the group's foundation. Signed to BBR Music Group's Wheelhouse imprint in 2015, the group charted two singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs and Country Airplay charts prior to their breakthrough hit "Buy My Own Drinks" in 2018. This was the first of three singles from their 2019 studio album Blue Roses. Mulholland quit the group in 2020 and was replaced by Natalie Stovall, former lead singer of Natalie Stovall and the Drive; Cooke quit in 2022 and was replaced by Stevie Woodward.

Cry Pretty Tour 360
The Cry Pretty Tour 360 was the sixth concert tour by American country music artist Carrie Underwood. The tour was in support of her sixth studio album Cry Pretty (2018), and began on May 1, 2019, in Greensboro, North Carolina and concluded on October 31, 2019, in Detroit, Michigan, playing 60 shows. It was also confirmed that $1 from every ticket sold would be donated to Danita's Children which helps children from Haiti.
Oesper Award
The Ralph and Helen Oesper Award or Oesper Award was first given in 1981 by the  University of Cincinnati and the Cincinnati Section of the American Chemical Society. The award recognizes "outstanding chemists for lifetime significant accomplishments in the field of chemistry with long-lasting impact on the chemical sciences". It was established with a bequest from Ralph E. Oesper and his wife, Helen Wilson Oesper.

Ralph E. Oesper
Ralph Edward Oesper (14 June 1886 – 10 December 1977) was an American chemist and historian of chemistry. He is noted for his biographies of scientists, emphasizing their personal lives in addition to their scientific contributions. Oesper translated significant works in the field of chemistry to various languages especially English. As an independent investigator, he developed improved analytical methods. These contributions included new reagents for certain types of titrations. One such new reagent, Oesper's Salt, is named after him.
Koma Shrine
Koma Shrine (高麗神社, Koma Jinja) is a Shinto shrine located in the city of Hidaka, Saitama. The word "Koma", pronounced in Korean as "Koryō(Goryeo)" is the ancient Japanese name for Korea, specifically the ancient Korean kingdom of Goguryeo, and the main temple kami of this shrine is the deified Prince Ko Yak'gwang (高若光), son of the last king of independent Goguryeo. The shrine was built by immigrants (Toraijins) of Goguryeo after its fall in 668.

Koma clan
The Koma clan (高麗氏) was an immigrant from Korea that was active in Japan since the Asuka period. The clan claimed to be the royal family that descended from Prince Ko Yak'gwang (高若光) of Goguryeo, who became known as "Genbu Jakkō" (玄武若光) and later as "Koma no Jakkō" (高麗若光).
Doddridge County Courthouse
The Doddridge County Courthouse in West Union, Doddridge County, West Virginia, USA, was designed in the Victorian Romanesque style by J. Charles Fulton, who also designed courthouses in Barbour County and Randolph County.  Built in 1899 by contractor John B. Conn, the courthouse features stone carvings by  James Grant. The courthouse replaced a previous courthouse that was destroyed by fire in 1898.

Doddridge County, West Virginia
Doddridge County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,808. Its county seat is West Union.

Doddridge County is part of the Clarksburg, West Virginia, WV Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Forever Flows
Nirontor (in English as Forever Flows) is a 2006 Bangladeshi drama film directed by Abu Sayeed. It stars Shabnoor, Ilias Kanchan, Jayanta Chattopadhyay, Dolly Johur, Litu Anam, and Amirul Haq Chowdhury. It was Bangladesh's submission to the 79th Academy Awards for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film, but was not accepted as a nominee.

Abu Sayeed (film director)
Abu Sayeed (born 1962) is a Bangladeshi film director, screenwriter, and television producer. As a filmmaker he has made six full-length features and two short films. HIs films have received 6 national and 4 international awards.
Hyperalgesia
Hyperalgesia (/ˌhaɪpərælˈdʒiːziə/ or /-siə/; hyper from  Greek ὑπέρ (huper) 'over' + -algesia from Greek ἄλγος (algos) 'pain') is an abnormally increased sensitivity to pain, which may be caused by damage to nociceptors or peripheral nerves and can cause hypersensitivity to stimulus. Prostaglandins E and F are largely responsible for sensitizing the nociceptors. Temporary increased sensitivity to pain also occurs as part of sickness behavior, the evolved response to infection.

Nociceptor
A nociceptor (from Latin  nocere 'to harm or hurt') is a sensory neuron that responds to damaging or potentially damaging stimuli by sending "possible threat" signals to the spinal cord and the brain. The brain creates the sensation of pain to direct attention to the body part, so the threat can be mitigated; this process is called nociception.
Resilium
In anatomy, a resilium is part of the shell of certain bivalve mollusks. It is an internal ligament, which holds the two valves together and is located in a pit or depression known as the resilifer.

The resilium is part of the hinge mechanism in certain taxonomic families of  bivalve shells, such as oysters and scallops. A resilium (and the resilifer, its associated contact point) is the primary structure comprising the type of bivalve hinge that is known as an "disodont" hinge.

Ligament (bivalve)
A hinge ligament is a crucial part of the anatomical structure of a bivalve shell, i.e. the shell of a bivalve mollusk. The shell of a bivalve has two valves and these are joined by the ligament at the dorsal edge of the shell. The ligament is made of a strong, flexible and elastic, fibrous, proteinaceous material which is usually pale brown, dark brown or black in color.

In life, the shell needs to be able to open a little (to allow the foot and siphons to protrude) and then close again. As well as connecting the two bivalve shells together at the hinge line, the ligament also functions as a spring which automatically opens the valves when the adductor muscle or muscles (that close the valves) relax.
Bint Jbeil
Bint Jbeil (Arabic: بنت جبيل, romanized: Bint Jubayl; Levantine pronunciation: [bɪnt ʒbeːl], "daughter of (the) little mountain" or "daughter of Byblos") is the second largest municipality in the Nabatiye Governorate in Southern Lebanon.

The town has an estimated population of 30,000. Its exact population is unknown, because Lebanon has not conducted a population census since 1932.

Byblos
Byblos (/ˈbɪblɒs/ BIB-loss; Ancient Greek: Βύβλος), also known as Jbail, Jebeil, Jbeil or Jubayl (Arabic: جُبَيْل, romanized: Jubayl, locally Jbeil [ʒ(ə)beːl]), is an ancient city in the Keserwan-Jbeil Governorate of Lebanon. The area is believed to have been first settled between 8800 and 7000 BC and continuously inhabited since 5000 BC. During its history, Byblos was part of numerous cultures including Egyptian, Phoenician, Assyrian, Persian, Hellenistic, Roman, Genoese, Mamluk and Ottoman. Urbanisation is thought to have begun during the third millennium BC when it developed into a city, making it one of the oldest cities in the world,  if not the oldest. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

It was in Ancient Byblos that the Phoenician alphabet, the ancestor of the Greek, Latin and all other Western alphabets, was developed.
Wolfsburg
Wolfsburg (German: [ˈvɔlfsbʊʁk] ⓘ; Eastphalian: Wulfsborg) is the fifth-largest city in the German state of Lower Saxony. It lies on the river Aller, 75 kilometres (47 mi) east of Hanover and 230 kilometres (143 mi) west of Berlin.

Wolfsburg is famous as the location of Volkswagen AG's headquarters and, until it was overtaken by Tesla Gigafactory Texas in 2022, the world's biggest car plant. The Autostadt is a visitor attraction next to the Volkswagen factory that features the company's model range: Audi, Bentley, Bugatti, Ducati, Lamborghini, MAN, Neoplan, Porsche, Scania, SEAT, Škoda Auto and Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles. Wolfsburg is one of the few German cities built during the first half of the 20th century as a planned city. From its founding on 1 July 1938 as a home for workers producing the KdF-Wagen until 25 May 1945, the city was called Stadt des KdF-Wagens bei Fallersleben. In 1972, the population first exceeded 100,000. In 2019, the GRP was €188,453 per capita.

SEAT
SEAT S.A. (English: /ˈseɪɑːt/; Spanish: [ˈseat]; from Spanish Sociedad Española de Automóviles de Turismo, lit. 'Spanish Passenger Car Company') is a Spanish car manufacturer that sells its vehicles under the SEAT and Cupra brands. Founded on 9 May 1950, it was created as a joint venture between Spain's government-owned Instituto Nacional de Industria (INI), which held a majority stake, Spanish private banks, and Fiat. After being listed as an independent automaker for 36 years, the Spanish government sold SEAT to the Volkswagen Group in 1986, and it remains a fully owned subsidiary of the Group.

The headquarters of SEAT S.A. is located in Martorell, near Barcelona, at the company's industrial complex. Over 468,000 units were produced in 2020 with more than 427,000 cars exported to over 75 countries worldwide.
Freemasons Hotel (Toodyay)
Freemasons Hotel, now Toodyay Hotel, is a historic building on Stirling Terrace in Toodyay, Western Australia.  It was built for William Tregoning, and originally licensed in 1861 as the Newcastle Hotel. The building was classified by the National Trust, and is listed on both the Register of the National Estate and the Australian Heritage Database.

Toodyay, Western Australia
Toodyay (/ˈtuːdʒeɪ/, Nyungar: Duidgee), known as Newcastle between 1860 and 1910, is a town on the Avon River in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, 85 kilometres (53 mi) north-east of Perth. The first European settlement occurred in the area in 1836. After flooding in the 1850s, the townsite was moved to its current location in the 1860s. It is connected by railway and road to Perth. During the 1860s, it was home to bushranger Moondyne Joe.