hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Staunton Creek Nullah
Staunton Creek Nullah (Chinese: 黃竹坑明渠) is a nullah in Hong Kong, located in Wong Chuk Hang, in the Southern District of Hong Kong Island. The stream is in the east of the valley near Mount Cameron starting from Aberdeen Sports Ground as an artificial open channel, flowing along Heung Yip Road at Aberdeen Typhoon Shelter (Aberdeen Channel).

Nullah
A nullah or nala (Hindustani or "nallah" in Punjabi) is an 'arm of the sea', stream, or watercourse, a steep narrow valley. Like the wadi of the Arabs, the nullah is characteristic of mountainous or hilly country where there is little rainfall.

In the drier parts of India and Pakistan, and in many parts of Australia, there are small steep-sided valleys penetrating the hills, clothed with rough brushwood or small trees growing in the stony soil. During occasional heavy rains, torrents rush down the nullahs and quickly disappear. There is little local action upon the sides, while the bed is lowered, and consequently these valleys are narrow and steep. In cities on the Delhi plain in India, nullahs are concrete or brick-lined ditches about 3 metres (10 ft) deep and 6 metres (20 ft) wide, used to divert monsoon rain away from the cities.

Encroachment into nullahs is a significant problem in many South Asian cities, since it hampers the drainage of stormwater and can exacerbate floods.
Kristín Þóra Haraldsdóttir
Kristín Þóra Haraldsdóttir (translit. Kristin Thora Haraldsdottir; born 25 February 1982) is an Icelandic actress and musician. She graduated from the drama department of the Iceland Academy of the Arts in the spring of 2007.

Iceland University of the Arts
Iceland University of the Arts (Icelandic: Listaháskóli Íslands [ˈlɪstaˌhauːˌskouːlɪ ˈistlan(t)s]) is an Icelandic institution of higher art education, located in Reykjavík, which offers the only university-level degrees in the arts in Iceland. The institution was founded on 21 September 1998 by consolidating the Iceland Drama School and the Reykjavík Arts School, and classes began in autumn 1999.
Graphical identification and authentication
The graphical identification and authentication (GINA) is a component of Windows NT 3.51, Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, Windows XP and Windows Server 2003 that provides secure authentication and interactive logon services. GINA is a replaceable dynamically linked library that is loaded early in the boot process in the context of Winlogon when the machine is started. It is responsible for handling the secure attention sequence, typically Control-Alt-Delete, and interacting with the user when this sequence is received. GINA is also responsible for starting initial processes for a user (such as the Windows Shell) when they first log on. GINA is discontinued in Windows Vista.

Windows NT 3.51
Windows NT 3.51 is the third major release of the Windows NT operating system, developed by Microsoft for the data server and personal workstation markets. It was released on May 30, 1995, eight months following the release of Windows NT 3.5. The most significant enhancement offered in this release was that it provides client/server support for inter-operating with Windows 95, which was released almost three months after NT 3.51. Windows NT 4.0 became its successor a year later. Mainstream support for Windows NT 3.51 Workstation ended on December 31, 2000, and extended support ended on December 31, 2001, while Windows NT 3.51 Server mainstream support ended on September 30, 2000, followed by extended support on September 30, 2002. Both editions were succeeded by Windows NT 4.0 Workstation and Windows NT 4.0 Server, respectively.
Dutch–Bone wars
The Dutch–Bone wars (1824–1906) were a series of conflicts between the Netherlands and the Bone state in southern Sulawesi (Celebes).

First Bone War (1824–25)

Second Bone War (1859–60)

Third Bone War (1905–06)

Bone State
Bone (also Boni, or Bone Saoraja) or Bone State was a sultanate in the south-west peninsula of what is now Sulawesi (formerly Celebes), a province of modern-day Indonesia. It came under Dutch rule in 1905, and was succeeded by the Bone Regency.

Covering an area of 2,600 square kilometres (1,000 sq mi), Bone's chief town Boni, lay 130 kilometres (81 mi) northeast of the city of Makassar, home to the Bugis people.
Jonathan D. G. Jones
Jonathan Dallas George Jones FRS (born 14 July 1954) is a senior scientist at the Sainsbury Laboratory and a professor at the University of East Anglia using molecular and genetic approaches to study disease resistance in plants.

Sainsbury Laboratory
The Sainsbury Laboratory (TSL) is a research institute located at the Norwich Research Park in Norwich, Norfolk, England, that carries out fundamental biological research and technology development on aspects of plant disease, plant disease resistance and microbial symbiosis in plants. The Sainsbury Laboratory partners with the John Innes Centre on a Plant Health Institute Strategic Program (ISP) funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC).
Henry Karlsen
Henry Nikolai Karlsen (15 April 1912 – 11 October 1975) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Finnmark during the terms 1950–1953, 1958–1961 and 1961–1965.

Born in Nord-Varanger Municipality, Karlsen was mayor of Nord-Varanger Municipality from 1945 to 1963. When the municipality was incorporated into Vadsø Municipality, Karlsen was mayor of that municipality from 1963 to 1972. A member of the county committee in Finnmark from 1951, he became the first county mayor in 1963, and served until his death in 1975.

Outside politics he worked as a local bureaucrat from 1953 to 1968, and as a fisher and farmer.

Vadsø Municipality
Vadsø (Norwegian: [ˈvɑ̂dsøː] ⓘ; Northern Sami: Čáhcesuolu; Kven: Vesisaari) is a  municipality in Finnmark County, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Vadsø, which is also the administrative centre of Finnmark county. Other settlements in Vadsø include Ekkerøy, Kiby, Krampenes, Skallelv, Valen, and Vestre Jakobselv.

The 1,258-square-kilometre (486 sq mi) municipality is the 83rd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Vadsø is the 166th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 5,807. The municipality's population density is 4.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (12/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 6.7% over the previous 10-year period.
Martin Wegelius
Martin Wegelius (10 November 1846 – 22 March 1906) was a Finnish composer and musicologist, primarily remembered as the founder, in 1882, of the Helsinki Music Institute, now known as the Sibelius Academy.

Wegelius studied in Leipzig, Vienna, and Munich. He had intended to pursue a career as a composer and wrote a handful of orchestral works and a significant number of chamber and vocal works. He was a particular admirer of Wagner but wrote predominantly in the Romantic style. After founding the Institute, he had little time for composing and appears to have concentrated exclusively on teaching. Graduates of Wegelius' Institute include Jean Sibelius and Agnes Tschetschulin.

He is often compared with his contemporary and rival Robert Kajanus, founder of the Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra (initially the Helsinki Orchestral Association), the first professional symphony orchestra in the Nordic countries.

He is buried in the Hietaniemi Cemetery in Helsinki.

Sibelius Academy
The Sibelius Academy (Finnish: Taideyliopiston Sibelius-Akatemia, Swedish: Sibelius-Akademin vid Konstuniversitetet) is part of the University of the Arts Helsinki and a university-level music school which operates in Helsinki and Kuopio, Finland. It also has an adult education centre in Järvenpää and a training centre in Seinäjoki. The Academy is the only music university in Finland. It is among the biggest European music universities with roughly 1,400 enrolled students. In 2022, the Sibelius Academy was ranked 22nd globally in the field of performing arts by the QS World University Rankings by Subject.

The Sibelius Academy is the organizer of the International Maj Lind Piano Competition and one of the organizers of the International Jean Sibelius Violin Competition held every five years in Helsinki.
La Terrasse-sur-Dorlay
La Terrasse-sur-Dorlay (French pronunciation: [la tɛʁas syʁ dɔʁlɛ]) is a commune in the Loire department in central France.

La Terrasse-sur-Dorlay takes its name from the Dorlay river, a tributary of the Gier, which flows through the commune.

Dorlay
The Dorlay (French pronunciation: [dɔʁlɛ]) is a river that flows through the Loire department, France. It is a tributary of the Gier, which in turn is a tributary of the Rhône. The Gier valley was formerly heavily industrialized with coal and iron mines and factories.
Arabuko Sokoke National Park
The Arabuko Sokoke Forest Reserve is located on the coast of Kenya, 110 km north of Mombasa and is protected as a national Forest Reserve. The Arabuko Sokoke National Park, situated at the north-western edge of the Arabuko Sokoke Forest Reserve, is only a few square kilometres in size and constitutes only a small portion of the latter.

Golden-rumped sengi
The golden-rumped sengi (Rhynchocyon chrysopygus) is a small African mammal. It is the largest species of the elephant shrew family along with its close relative the grey-faced sengi. It is classified as endangered.
Loop-erased random walk
In mathematics, loop-erased random walk is a model for a random simple path with important applications in combinatorics, physics and quantum field theory. It is intimately connected to the uniform spanning tree, a model for a random tree. It is a case of the more general topic of random walks.

Spanning tree
In the mathematical field of graph theory, a spanning tree T of an undirected graph G is a subgraph that is a tree which includes all of the vertices of G. In general, a graph may have several spanning trees, but a graph that is not connected will not contain a spanning tree (see about spanning forests below). If all of the edges of G are also edges of a spanning tree T of G, then G is a tree and is identical to T (that is, a tree has a unique spanning tree and it is itself).
Jesse Marunde
Jesse Marunde (September 14, 1979 – July 25, 2007) was an American strongman athlete who placed second in the 2005 World's Strongest Man competition. He is the brother of mixed martial artist Bristol Marunde.

Bristol Marunde
Bristol Marunde (born April 20, 1982) is an American mixed martial artist currently competing in the Welterweight division. He was a contestant on The Ultimate Fighter: Team Carwin vs. Team Nelson, and has competed for the UFC, Strikeforce, Titan FC, M-1 Global, and the Seattle Tiger Sharks of the International Fight League.

In April 2017, Marunde premiered as the cohost of the new HGTV show Flip or Flop Vegas.
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly, 1998–2002
This is a list of members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly, elected at the 1998 state election:

1  Liberal member Frank Madill resigned in early 2000. David Fry was elected as his replacement in February.

2  Liberal member Ray Groom resigned on 9 August 2001. Michael Hodgman was elected as his replacement on 21 August.

3  Liberal member Peter Hodgman resigned in 2001. Martin McManus was elected as his replacement on 19 October.

4  Labor member Fran Bladel resigned in 2002. Neville Oliver was elected as her replacement on 22 April.

1998 Tasmanian state election
The 1998 Tasmanian state election was held on Saturday, 29 August 1998 in the Australian state of Tasmania to elect 25 members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly. The number of members was reduced from 35 to 25. The election used the Hare-Clark proportional representation system—five members were elected from each of five electorates. The quota required for election increased from 12.5% to 16.7%.

This election saw the end of two years of a Liberal minority government headed by Premier Tony Rundle, supported by the Tasmanian Greens. The Labor Party won government in its own right for the first time since 1979, with Jim Bacon as premier.

Labor retained all their seats despite the reduction in numbers. The Liberals lost six seats. The Greens' representation was reduced from four members to one—Peg Putt in Denison.
Prince Hassan bin Talal
Prince Hassan bin Talal (Arabic: الحسن بن طلال, born 20 March 1947) is a member of the Jordanian royal family who was previously Crown Prince from 1965 to 1999, being removed just three weeks before King Hussein's death. He is now 20th in line to succeed his nephew King Abdullah II.

Order of the Star of Jordan
The Order of the Star of Jordan (Wisam al-Kawkab al-Urduni) or The Order of Hussein ibn Ali (Wisam al-Hussein ibn Ali) is an award and order of Jordan and is awarded for military or civil merit.

It was founded in honour of his father, by King Abdullah I on 22 June 1949. It was the first indigenous Jordanian order, as prior to this date King Abdullah had only awarded decorations established by his father Sharif Hussein. It was designed by Garrard & Co and is inspired by decorations awarded during the Ottoman Empire.

The order is made up of 5 Grades: Grand Cordon, Grand Officer, Commander, Officer and Member.
SS Persia (1900)
Persia was a Peninsular & Oriental Steam Navigation Company passenger liner, built in 1900 by Caird & Company, Greenock, Scotland. It was torpedoed and sunk without warning on 30 December 1915, by German U-boat U-38.

Ayahs' Home
The Ayahs' Home in London provided accommodation for Indian ayahs and Chinese amahs (nannies) at the turn of the 20th century who were "ill-treated, dismissed from service or simply abandoned" with no return passage to their home country. The Home also operated like an employment exchange to help ayahs find placements with families returning to British India. It was the only institution of its type in Britain with a named building.
2019 LTP Charleston Pro Tennis – Doubles
Alexa Guarachi and Erin Routliffe were the defending champions, however Guarachi chose to compete at the 2019 Grand Prix SAR La Princesse Lalla Meryem instead. Routliffe played alongside Allie Kiick, but lost in the semifinals to Madison Brengle and Lauren Davis.

Asia Muhammad and Taylor Townsend won the title, defeating Brengle and Davis in the final, 6–2, 6–2.

Erin Routliffe
Erin Hope Routliffe (born 11 April 1995) is a professional tennis player from New Zealand who specializes in doubles and previously represented Canada. She has won two major doubles titles at the 2023 and 2025 US Open, partnering with Gabriela Dabrowski, thus becoming the second Kiwi woman to win a major in the Open Era, after 1979 Australian Open women's doubles champion, Judy Connor.

Routliffe is a former world No. 1 in doubles, first achieving the feat on 15 July 2024. She and Dabrowski won the doubles title at the 2024 WTA Finals. Routliffe has won 12 WTA Tour doubles titles and represented New Zealand in the BJK Cup and at the 2024 Summer Olympics.
Joel Beck
Joel Beck (May 7, 1943 – September 14, 1999) was a San Francisco Bay Area artist and cartoonist. His comic book Lenny of Laredo, one of the earliest underground comic books of the 1960s, was the first underground comic book published on the West Coast.

Underground comix
Underground comix are small press or self-published comic books that are often socially relevant or satirical in nature. They differ from mainstream comics in depicting content forbidden to mainstream publications by the Comics Code Authority, including explicit drug use, sexuality, and violence. They were most popular in the United States and in the United Kingdom in the 1960s and 1970s.

Robert Crumb, Gilbert Shelton, Barbara "Willy" Mendes, Trina Robbins and numerous other cartoonists created underground titles that were popular with readers within the counterculture scene. Punk had its own comic artists like Gary Panter. Long after their heyday, underground comix gained prominence with films and television shows influenced by the movement and with mainstream comic books, but their legacy is most obvious with alternative comics.
HMS Lightning (1876)
HMS Lightning was a torpedo boat, built by John Thornycroft at Church Wharf in Chiswick for the Royal Navy, which entered service in 1876 and was the first seagoing vessel to be armed with self-propelled Whitehead torpedoes. She was later renamed Torpedo Boat No. 1.

As originally built, Lightning had two drop collars to launch torpedoes; these were replaced in 1879 by a single torpedo tube in the bow. She also carried two reload torpedoes amidships.

The boat appeared at the Naval Review at Spithead of August 1878. The Queen recorded in her Journal that she was impressed by the 2 torpedo boats, Vesuvius & Lightning, which rushed about at the rate of 20 Knots an hour.
The Lightning spent her life as a tender to the torpedo school HMS Vernon at Portsmouth and was used for some experiments. She was broken up in 1896.

John I. Thornycroft & Company
50°53′43.44″N 1°22′56.76″W﻿ / ﻿50.8954000°N 1.3824333°W﻿ / 50.8954000; -1.3824333

John I. Thornycroft & Company Limited, usually known simply as Thornycroft, was a British shipbuilding firm founded by John Isaac Thornycroft in Chiswick in 1866. It moved to Woolston, Southampton, in 1908, merging in 1966 with Vosper & Company to form one organisation called Vosper Thornycroft. From 2002 to 2010 the company acquired several international and US-based defence and services companies, and changed name to the VT Group. In 2008 VT's UK shipbuilding and support operations were merged with those of BAE Systems to create BVT Surface Fleet.  In 2010 remaining parts of the company were absorbed by Babcock International who retained the UK and international operations, but sold the US based operations to the American Jordan Company, who took the name VT Group.
SJ F (steam locomotive)
The F class was a type of steam locomotive used by Swedish State Railways (Swedish: Statens Järnvägar, SJ) and based on the Württemberg C. Eleven locos were built by Nydquist & Holm (NOHAB) between 1914 and 1916. It was primarily used on the main lines between Stockholm-Gothenburg and Stockholm-Malmö. It is one of the largest steam locomotives ever used in Sweden.

The superheated compound locomotive could produce 1,140 kilowatts (1,529 hp).

Getå railroad disaster
The Getå railroad disaster (Swedish: Järnvägsolyckan i Getå) was a train disaster caused by a landslide in Getå, a town that is now part of the municipality of Norrköping, on 1 October 1918. To date, it is the worst rail accident in Swedish history.

The derailment occurred when the layers of colloidal clay and gravel in the embankment that had been cut into the hill gave way. Shortly afterwards, a mixed train consisting of a locomotive and ten cars came down the tracks, falling down the embankment and landing on the road below. Of the passengers and crew on board that night, 41 people were injured and at least 42 were killed or died later from injuries sustained in the crash. It is unclear how many died in the derailment compared to those who died in the blaze that followed it. Many of the passengers were burned alive as the unreinforced wooden cars caught fire, killing those who had survived the crash itself but were still trapped in the wreckage.
Fréjus
Fréjus (French: [fʁeʒys] ⓘ; Occitan: Frejús [fɾeˈdʒys]) is a commune and resort town in the Var department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France.

It neighbours Saint-Raphaël, effectively forming one urban agglomeration. The north of the commune forms part of the Massif de l'Esterel. On 2 December 1959, the Malpasset Dam, on the Reyran River above the city of Fréjus, ruptured, killing over 400 people.

Cornelius Gallus
Gaius Cornelius Gallus (c. 70 – 26 BC) was a Roman poet, orator, politician and military commander, at one time appointed by the Emperor Augustus as prefect of Roman Egypt. Only nine lines of his poetry are extant today, but he was much read in antiquity; Ovid considered him one of the major Latin poets of his age.
Richard Badew
Richard Badew (died 1361) was a Vice Chancellor and Chancellor of the University of Cambridge in the 14th century. He was responsible for the foundation of University Hall, Cambridge (now Clare College) in 1326.

Clare College, Cambridge
Clare College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in Cambridge, England. The college was founded in 1326 as University Hall, making it the second-oldest surviving college of the University after Peterhouse. It was refounded in 1338 as Clare Hall by an endowment from Elizabeth de Clare, and took on its current name in 1856. Clare is famous for its chapel choir and for its gardens on the Backs (the rear of the colleges that overlook the River Cam). It is a registered charity.
Chard Canal
The Chard Canal was a 13.5 miles (21.7 km) tub boat canal in Somerset, England, that ran from the Bridgwater and Taunton Canal at Creech St. Michael, over four aqueducts, through three tunnels and four inclined planes to Chard. It was completed in 1842, was never commercially viable, and closed in 1868. The major engineering features are still clearly visible in the landscape.

Creech St Michael
Creech St Michael is a village and civil parish in Somerset, three miles (5 km) east of Taunton. The parish straddles the M5 motorway and includes several scattered settlements.  The village of Creech St Michael and the hamlets of Charlton, Creech Heathfield, and Ham lie east of the motorway. The hamlets of Adsborough, Coombe, Langaller, and Walford lie west of the motorway. The parish has a population of 2,416.
Coptic architecture
Coptic architecture is the architecture of the Coptic Christians, who form the majority of Christians in Egypt.

Coptic churches range from great cathedrals such as Saint Mark's Coptic Orthodox Cathedral to the smallest churches in rural villages. Many ancient monasteries like Monastery of Saint Anthony also exist. Ancient Churches like the Hanging Church in Coptic Cairo carry important historical value to the Coptic Orthodox Church and the Copts in general.

Hermopolis
Hermopolis (or Hermopolis Magna) was a major city in antiquity, located near the boundary between Lower and Upper Egypt. Its Egyptian name Khemenu derives from the eight deities (the Ogdoad) said to reside in the city.

A provincial capital since the Old Kingdom of Egypt, Hermopolis developed into a major city of Roman Egypt, and an early Christian center from the third century. It was abandoned after the Muslim conquest of Egypt but was restored as both a Latin Catholic (meanwhile suppressed) and a Coptic Orthodox titular see.

Its remains are located near the modern town of el-Ashmunein (from the Coptic name) in Mallawi, Minya Governorate, Egypt.
Moorefield, Kentucky
Moorefield is an unincorporated community in Nicholas County, Kentucky, United States.  It lies along Routes 36 and 57 southeast of the city of Carlisle, the county seat of Nicholas County.  Its elevation is 988 feet (301 m).  It has a post office with the ZIP code 40350.

Nicholas County, Kentucky
Nicholas County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,537. Its county seat is Carlisle, which is also the only incorporated community in the county. Founded in 1799, the county is named for Col. George Nicholas, the "Father of the Kentucky Constitution."