hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Titan Lake In-situ Sampling Propelled Explorer
Titan Lake In-situ Sampling Propelled Explorer (TALISE) is a Spanish space probe proposed in 2012 that would splash-down in Ligeia Mare, the second largest lake on Saturn's moon Titan. TALISE would navigate across the lake for six months to one year.

If this mission is approved by the European Space Agency (ESA), it would analyze the liquid hydrocarbons sea and take scientific measurements while it navigates to the coast in the northern region of Titan. It is also proposed in the mission to study the surrounding terrain of Ligeia Mare. This mission proposal was a joined project between the Spanish Astrobiology Center and SENER.

Ligeia Mare
Ligeia Mare /laɪˈdʒiːə ˈmɑːreɪ/ is a lake in the north polar region of Titan, the planet Saturn's largest moon. It is the second largest body of liquid on the surface of Titan, after Kraken Mare. Larger than Lake Superior on Earth, it is mostly composed of liquid methane. It is also the third largest lake in the solar system, with unknown but lesser components of dissolved nitrogen and ethane, as well as other organic compounds. It is located at 78° N, 249° W, and has been fully imaged by the Cassini spacecraft. Measuring roughly 420 km (260 mi) by 350 km (217 mi) across, it has a surface area of about 126,000 km2, and a shoreline over 2,000 km (1,240 mi) in length. The lake may be hydrologically connected to the larger Kraken Mare. Its namesake is Ligeia, one of the sirens in Greek mythology.
Esslingen railway station
Esslingen is a railway station in the Swiss canton of Zurich and the municipality of Egg, servig the village of Esslingen. It is the outer terminus of the Forch Railway (Forchbahn, FB) from the city of Zurich, which is operated as Zurich S-Bahn service S18. The station is operated by the Forchbahn, and has three terminal platforms and a bus interchange located under an overall roof. It lies within fare zone 142 of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV).

Esslingen, Switzerland
Esslingen (German pronunciation: [ˈɛslɪŋən] ⓘ) is a village in the municipality of Egg, Switzerland, in the canton of Zürich. It is located in the Pfannenstiel region, approximately 15 km (9 mi) southeast of Zürich. In the local dialect it is called Esslinge.

The population is 1,752 (as of 2012).
Parque de la Reserva
The Parque de la Reserva (English: Park of the Reserve) is a park located in downtown Lima, in Peru. Built in an irregular shape, it is located between two of the city's principal streets, the Paseo de la República expressway and Arequipa Avenue.

Avenida Arequipa
Arequipa Avenue (Spanish: Avenida Arequipa) is one of the main avenues of Lima, Peru. It extends from north to south through the districts of Lima, Lince, San Isidro and Miraflores along 52 blocks. It has a bike path located along its entire central berm.
National Guards Unit of Bulgaria
The National Guards Unit of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Национална гвардейска част на България, romanized: Nacionalna gvardeiska chast na Bulgariya) is a unique Bulgarian military formation of regimental size, directly subordinated to the Minister of Defence. The unit is purely ceremonial, as the security of the President of Bulgaria, members of the government, of the Parliament and foreign dignitaries on official visits is provided by the National Security Service. While legally part of the Bulgarian Armed Forces, it is outside of the jurisdiction of the Defence Staff.

Hussar
A hussar was a member of a class of light cavalry, originally from the Kingdom of Hungary during the 15th and 16th centuries. The title and distinctive dress of these horsemen were subsequently widely adopted by light cavalry regiments in European armies during the late 17th and 18th centuries. By the 19th century, hussars were wearing jackets decorated with braid plus shako or busby fur hats and had developed a romanticized image of being dashing and adventurous.

Several modern armies retain the designation of hussars for armored (tank) units. In addition, a number of mounted units survive which wear historical hussar uniforms on parade or while providing ceremonial escorts.
1996 Nottingham Open – Doubles
Luke Jensen and Murphy Jensen were the defending champions but lost in the quarterfinals to Ellis Ferreira and Jan Siemerink.

Mark Petchey and Danny Sapsford won in the final 6–7, 7–6, 6–4 against Neil Broad and Piet Norval.

Mark Petchey
Mark Rodney James Petchey (born 1 August 1970) is a former tennis player from England, who turned professional in 1988.

He now works as a tennis commentator and analyst for Amazon Prime, ITV, the BBC, the Tennis Channel, Tennis Australia and others. Since early 2025, he has been coaching Emma Raducanu.
Log Čezsoški
Log Čezsoški (pronounced [ˈloːk tʃɛˈsoːʃki]; Italian: Loga d'Oltresonzia) is a small settlement on left bank of the Soča River in the Municipality of Bovec in the Littoral region of Slovenia.

Log Čezsoški and surroundings

Municipality of Bovec
The Municipality of Bovec (pronounced [ˈbɔːʋəts] or [ˈboːʋəts]; Slovene: Občina Bovec) is a municipality in northwestern Slovenia. Its center is the town of Bovec. As of June 2016, its mayor is Valter Mlekuž.
Kelly Downs
Kelly Robert Downs (born October 25, 1960) is an American former professional baseball pitcher who played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the San Francisco Giants and Oakland Athletics from 1986 to 1993. He wore uniform number 37 for his seven years with the Giants, and number 31 for his two seasons with the A's.

Downs won a career high 13 games in 1988 for the Giants and appeared in the 1989 World Series versus the Athletics. He was featured on the cover of Sports Illustrated on October 30, 1989, carrying his nephew in his arms after the Loma Prieta earthquake (magnitude 7.1) disrupted Game 3, at Candlestick Park.

Downs graduated from Viewmont High School in 1979.

His brother, Dave Downs, pitched briefly for the 1972 Philadelphia Phillies.

Viewmont High School
Viewmont High School is a public high school located in Bountiful, Utah.  The school is a member of the Davis School District.  The principal, as of 2024, is Travis Lund.

In 2011, VHS was identified by Newsweek magazine and the Washington Post as being in the top 5% of all public high schools in the United States.  Viewmont students average 23.44 on the ACT.  In addition, Viewmont graduates 96% of its seniors, with over 40% earning college credit through Advanced Placement and Concurrent Enrollment classes. In 2019 5,300 CE Credits were earned by the junior and senior classes.   In 2020, the senior class generated approximately $10.7 million in scholarship offers.  Viewmont also offers a full range of artistic, athletic, and career and technical programs. Over the years there have been 41 state titles and 219 regional titles.
Tuple space
A tuple space is an implementation of the  associative memory paradigm for parallel/distributed computing. It provides a repository of tuples that can be accessed concurrently. As an illustrative example, consider that there are a group of processors that produce pieces of data and a group of processors that use the data. Producers post their data as tuples in the space, and the consumers then retrieve data from the space that match a certain pattern. This is also known as the blackboard metaphor. Tuple space may be thought as a form of distributed shared memory.

Tuple spaces were the theoretical underpinning of the Linda language developed by David Gelernter and Nicholas Carriero at Yale University in 1986.

Implementations of tuple spaces have also been developed for Java (JavaSpaces), Lisp, Lua, Prolog, Python, Ruby, Smalltalk, Tcl, and the .NET Framework.

Blackboard system
A blackboard system is an artificial intelligence approach based on the blackboard architectural model, where a common knowledge base, the "blackboard", is iteratively updated by a diverse group of specialist knowledge sources, starting with a problem specification and ending with a solution.  Each knowledge source updates the blackboard with a partial solution when its internal constraints match the blackboard state.  In this way, the specialists work together to solve the problem.  The blackboard model was originally designed as a way to handle complex, ill-defined problems, where the solution is the sum of its parts.
Salem Pioneer Cemetery
Salem Pioneer Cemetery (also known as the I.O.O.F. Cemetery or Oddfellows Cemetery) is a cemetery in Salem, Oregon, United States. It has been listed as a National Register of Historic Places since 2013, under the name Odd Fellows Rural Cemetery.

David Leslie (Oregon politician)
David Leslie (1797 – March 1, 1869) was an American missionary and pioneer in what became the state of Oregon. A native of New Hampshire, he joined Jason Lee as a missionary at the Methodist Mission in the Oregon Country in 1836. In that region he participated in the early movement to start a government and his home was used for some of these meetings. With the closing of the mission he became a founder of the city of Salem, Oregon, and board member of the Oregon Institute, which later became Willamette University.
Tecno Spark 4
Tecno Spark 4 Lite, Tecno Spark 4 Air and Tecno Spark 4 are Android-based smartphones manufactured, released and marketed by the Chinese company Tecno Mobile as part of Tecno Spark 4 series. The device were unveiled as successors to Tecno Spark 3 and Tecno Spark 3 Pro. It is the fourth generation of Tecno's Spark series of smartphones.

The Spark 4 Lite, Spark 4 Air and Spark 4 are the upgraded versions of Spark 3 batch, coming with the same OS, RAM and GPU, but with different UI and battery capacity.

The phone has received generally favorable reviews, with critics mostly noting the larger battery, larger display, triple cameras and the faiba support. Reviewers, however, still criticize the lack of full HD display, software update, fast charging and missing USB Type-C port.

Tecno Mobile
TECNO is a Hong Kong–based Chinese smartphone manufacturer. It was established in 2006. It is a subsidiary of Transsion Holdings.

Aimed at emerging markets, Tecno has mainly focused its business on Africa, Asia, Latin America, and Eastern Europe.

Its operating system, branded as HiOS, as of 2026, remains closed source.
MOV (TV channel)
MOV was a Portuguese basic cable and satellite television channel operated by Dreamia SLU, a joint venture between AMC Networks International Iberia and NOS. MOV was launched on December 1, 2007, by NOS, then Zon TV Cabo, and aired mainly TV series and movies. Later, Dreamia started a joint venture with AMC, in order to increase the channel's programming library, with new TV series and films.

On May 21, 2008, MOV did a major rebranding, including simulcasting in HD. Along with corporate sibling SportTV, MOV premiered idents, continuity and imagery produced by Red Bee Media.

The channel ended its broadcasts on March 31, 2017.

NOS (Portuguese company)
NOS, SGPS S.A. is a Portuguese telecommunications and media company which provides mobile and fixed telephony, cable television, satellite television and internet. The company resulted from the merger in 2013 of two of the country's major telecommunications companies: Zon Multimédia (formerly known as PT Multimédia, a spun-off media arm of Portugal Telecom) and Sonae's Optimus Telecommunications,

NOS owns premium movie channels TVCine and has a 25% stake in the Sport TV television network. It also operates 6 thematic channels with Dreamia, a joint venture with AMC Networks International Southern Europe. NOS Audiovisuais (formerly ZON Lusomundo) is a home-video and cinema film distributor and operates Cinemas NOS, the largest cinema chain of Portugal.
Nicolae N. Săulescu
Nicolae N. Săulescu (born April 15, 1939) is a Romanian agronomist and geneticist. In 2009, he was elected a titular member of the Romanian Academy.

He was born in Bucharest, the son of Nicolae A. Săulescu, also an agronomist and an academic. He attended the city's Ion Luca Caragiale High School, graduating in 1957, after which he studied at the University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, obtaining his agricultural engineering diploma in 1961. After further studies in Krasnodar (with P.P. Lukyanenko) and Mexico (with Norman Borlaug), he obtained his Ph.D. in 1971 from his alma mater, with thesis Contributions to specifying the breeding methodology for increasing the production capacity of winter wheat.

Săulescu became a professor at the University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine. He was elected corresponding member of the Romanian Academy in 1990, and titular member in 2009.

Ion Luca Caragiale National College (Bucharest)
Ion Luca Caragiale National College (Romanian: Colegiul Național I. L. Caragiale București) is a high school located at 163 Calea Dorobanți, in the Dorobanți neighborhood of Bucharest, Romania. It bears the name of Ion Luca Caragiale, one of the greatest playwrights and writers in Romanian literature. In 1996, it was granted the title of National College by the Ministry of Education and Research of Romania.

In June 2024, the Caragiale National College was ranked as the most sought after for admission by 8th grade students in Bucharest, ahead of the Gheorghe Lazăr, Iulia Hasdeu, and George Coșbuc colleges; the most sought-after specialization is in mathematics–informatics.
Callistephin
Callistephin is an anthocyanin. It is the 3-O-glucoside of pelargonidin.

It is found in pomegranate juice, in strawberries, and in purple corn. It is also found in the berry skins of Cabernet Sauvignon and Pinot Noir grapes (Vitis vinifera L.).

Purple corn
Purple corn (Spanish: maíz morado) or purple maize is group of flint maize varieties (Zea mays indurata) originating in South America, descended from a common ancestral variety termed "kʼculli" in Quechua. It is most commonly grown in the Andes of Peru, Bolivia and Ecuador.
Champions Series (senior men's tennis tour)
Since 2006, the Champions Series is a series of tennis tournaments designed for former champion members of the ATP Tour. The Champions Series consists of tournaments played in select markets where top players of the sport compete in one-night, four-player events with two one-set semifinal matches and a one-set championship match played in one evening. Eligible players competing on the Champions Series have either held a Top 5 singles ranking; been a Grand-Slam singles finalist, or a singles player on a championship Davis Cup team during their ATP tour playing careers. The Champions Series allows one wild card of their choice at each event. The series is produced by Inside Out Sports & Entertainment. The minimum age to participate in a tournament is 30.

Wayne Ferreira
Wayne Richard Ferreira (born 15 September 1971) is a South African  tennis coach and a former professional player. Ferreira won 15 ATP singles titles and 11 doubles titles. His career-high rankings were world No. 6 in singles (in May 1995) and world No. 9 in doubles (in March 2001).
Njoki Wamai
Njoki Wamai Kenyan academic, feminist activist, and  Pan-africanist whose work has focused on  marginalized people, human rights movements, post-conflict transitional justice, women rights and African politics using Critical, Feminist and Decolonial approaches. She is an assistant professor in the International Relations Department at United States International University Africa (USIU-A) in Nairobi. In 2016, she was awarded the Bill Gates Sr Prize for her leadership and contributions to the Gates Cambridge community.

Black people in Cambridge
The history of black people in Cambridge, UK cannot easily be separated from the history of the University of Cambridge. The university has attracted students from Africa and the African diaspora to the town of Cambridge for more than two centuries. Several notable black people had a Cambridge association in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, and at the end of the eighteenth century Cambridge became a centre of abolitionist sentiment. From the end of the nineteenth century the university started to admit black students in larger numbers. In recent decades, however, the relatively low number of black students admitted to the university has become a topic of media comment and public concern.

The lives of Cambridge-born black people are less fully documented than those of Cambridge students. In the 2011 census 1.7% of people were Black British, and 1.0% of mixed ethnicity with black ancestry.
Ponikwa, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Ponikwa [pɔˈnikfa] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Biały Bór, within Szczecinek County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) east of Biały Bór, 28 km (17 mi) north-east of Szczecinek, and 166 km (103 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The settlement has a population of 20.

Gmina Biały Bór
Gmina Biały Bór is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Szczecinek County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Biały Bór, which lies approximately 23 kilometres (14 mi) north-east of Szczecinek and 159 km (99 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 270.23 square kilometres (104.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,166 (out of which the population of Biały Bór amounts to 2,127, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 3,039).
Caroline County Public Schools (Maryland)
Caroline County Public Schools is a public school system serving the residents of Caroline County, Maryland on Maryland's Eastern Shore.  The main administrative branch is located at 204 Franklin Street in Denton, Maryland.  The system serves approximately 5,500 students and more than 380 professional staff members.

Caroline County, Maryland
Caroline County is a rural county located in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 33,293.  Its county seat is Denton. The county is part of the Mid-Eastern Shore region of the state.

Caroline County is bordered by Queen Anne's County to the north, Talbot County to the west, Dorchester County to the south, Kent County, Delaware, to the east, and Sussex County, Delaware, to the southeast.
Tamsweg
Tamsweg (German pronunciation: [ˈtamsˌveːk] ⓘ) is a market town in the Austrian state of Salzburg near the border with Styria. It is the administrative centre of the eponymous Tamsweg District (Bezirk) and the largest town of the Salzburg Lungau region.

Salzburg (state)
Salzburg (Austrian German: [ˈsaltsbʊrɡ], Northern German: [ˈzaltsbʊʁk] ⓘ; Bavarian: Soizbuag, also known as Salzburgerland; Italian: Salisburghese) is a state (Land) of Austria bordering Germany and Italy. In German, its official name is Land Salzburg, to distinguish it from its eponymous capital Salzburg.

The state of Salzburg is closely tied to the former Prince-Archbishopric of Salzburg, an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire that existed for centuries until its secularization in 1803. After the Napoleonic Wars, the territory changed hands several times, becoming part of Austria, then briefly Bavaria, before being permanently incorporated into the Austrian Empire in 1816. In the 20th century, the region became a federated state of Austria and is today known for its Alpine landscapes, cultural heritage, and the annual Salzburg Festival.
Will Wade (Georgia politician)
William Solomon Wade (born March 25, 1978) is an American banker and politician from the State of Georgia. He is a Republican member of the Georgia House of Representatives for District 9. Wade served as a House floor leader for Governor Brian Kemp during the 2023-2024 session.

As the representative of the 9th state district, Wade serves portions of the counties Dawson, Lumpkin, and White. He also works as a bank executive within Dawson County.

In 2025, Wade announced his candidacy for Georgia State Senate for the 51st district.

Dawson County, Georgia
Dawson County is a county in the Northeast region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 26,798 up from 22,330 in 2010. The county seat is Dawsonville.

Dawson County is included in the Atlanta metropolitan statistical area. Its natural resources include Amicalola Falls, the highest falls in Georgia and one of the Seven Natural Wonders of the state.
Benjamin R. Sheldon
Benjamin Robbins Sheldon (April 15, 1811 – April 13, 1897) was an American jurist.

Born in New Marlborough, Massachusetts, Sheldon received his bachelor's degree from Williams College in 1831 and his law degree from Yale Law School in 1836. Sheldon lived in Galena, Illinois, until 1871, when he moved to Rockford, Illinois, to live with his sister. He served as an Illinois circuit court judge from 1848 to 1870. Sheldon then served on the Illinois Supreme Court from 1870 until his retirement in 1885. He was chief justice. Sheldon died at his home in Rockford, Illinois.

Supreme Court of Illinois
The Supreme Court of Illinois is the state supreme court, the highest court of the judiciary of Illinois. The court's authority is granted in Article VI of the current Illinois Constitution, which provides for seven justices elected from the five appellate judicial districts of the state: three justices from the First District (Cook County) and one from each of the other four districts. Absent mid-term vacancy, each justice is elected for a term of ten years, which may be renewed and the chief justice is elected by the court from its members for a three-year term.
Compromise of Avranches
The Compromise of Avranches in 1172 marked the reconciliation of Henry II of England with the Catholic Church after the Becket controversy from 1163, which culminated with the murder in 1170 of Thomas Becket.

Henry was purged of any guilt in Becket's murder, and swore to go on crusade. He agreed to allow appeals to the papacy in Rome, and to eliminate all customs to which the Church objected. He also agreed that the secular courts had no jurisdiction over the clergy, with the exceptions of high treason, highway robbery and arson: the benefit of clergy provision in English law.

In return, the king managed to secure good relations with the papacy at a time when he faced rebellions from his sons.

Benefit of clergy
In English law, the benefit of clergy (Law Latin: privilegium clericale) was originally a provision by which clergymen accused of a crime could claim that they were outside the jurisdiction of the secular courts and be tried instead in an ecclesiastical court under canon law. The ecclesiastical courts were generally seen as being more lenient in their prosecutions and punishments, and defendants made many efforts to claim clergy status, often on questionable or fraudulent grounds.

Various reforms limited the scope of this legal arrangement to prevent its abuse, including branding of a thumb upon first use, to limit the number of invocations for some. Eventually, the benefit of clergy evolved into a legal fiction in which first-time offenders could receive lesser sentences for some crimes (the so-called "clergyable" ones). The legal mechanism was abolished in the United Kingdom in 1827 with the passage of the Criminal Law Act 1827.
Lord Lieutenant of Kildare
This is a list of people who have served as Lord-Lieutenant of Kildare.

There were lieutenants of counties in Ireland until the reign of James II, when they were renamed governors. The office of Lord Lieutenant was recreated on 23 August 1831. The main function of the office was to raise, train and manage the local militia bodies, in line with the Militia (Ireland) Act 1802. Beyond that, the Lords Lieutenant had a figurehead function representing the monarch at the local level.

Augustus FitzGerald, 3rd Duke of Leinster
Augustus Frederick FitzGerald, 3rd Duke of Leinster, etc. PC PC (Ire) (21 August 1791 – 10 February/October 1874) was an Anglo-Irish peer and freemason, styled Marquess of Kildare from birth until 1804. He was born and died in Carton House. FitzGerald was Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Ireland for most of the 19th century, holding the post for 61 years from 1813 until 1874.