hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of the Jews in the United Arab Emirates
The history of the Jews in the United Arab Emirates started in 1165. As of 2025, there are about 7,000 Jewish people in the UAE: 7,000 in Dubai and 600 in Abu Dhabi.

The Abraham Accords normalized relations between Israel and the UAE in 2020. The first officially-licensed synagogue opened in Abu Dhabi in 2023. There are three synagogues across the UAE.

The Ministry of Tolerance led to the creation of the National Tolerance Programme and official recognition of the Jewish community in the UAE.

Levi Duchman
Levi Duchman (Hebrew: לוי דוכמן, Arabic: ليفي دوخمان; born 1992 or 1993) is an American rabbi based in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). He is the first resident chief rabbi of the country.  He also serves as the head of the Jewish congregation of Abu Dhabi, of the Jewish Community Center of UAE in Dubai, and as a member of the executive board of the Alliance of Rabbis in Islamic States.

Since his arrival in the UAE in 2014, Duchman has established Jewish communities in Abu Dhabi and Dubai, and a number of Jewish institutions and services, including numerous places of worship, the government-approved kashrut certification, a Jewish education system, business networking and relocation services, and rich community life.
Josefov Fortress
Josefov Fortress (Czech: Pevnost Josefov, German: Josefstadt or Josephstadt) is a large historic defence complex of 18th-century military architecture in Jaroměř in the Hradec Králové Region of the Czech Republic. It was built between 1780 and 1787. Together with Terezín fortress, it was built for protection against attacks from Prussia, but its military importance, like other such fortresses built across Europe, was minimal as decisive battles were often fought elsewhere. In 1948 it became part of the town of Jaroměř.

Hradec Králové Region
Hradec Králové Region (Czech: Královéhradecký kraj, pronounced [ˈkraːlovɛːˌɦradɛtskiː ˈkraj]) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic located in the north-eastern part of the historical region of Bohemia. It is named after its capital Hradec Králové. The region neighbours the Pardubice Region in the south, the Central Bohemian Region in the south-west, and the Liberec Region in the west. It also shares a 208 km long international border with Polish Lower Silesian Voivodeship in the north and the east.
Keith Keane
Keith Francis Keane (born 20 November 1986) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for The 61 FC (Luton). He is a former academy player who graduated from the youth ranks at Luton Town. A versatile footballer, Keane played in every position for Luton other than in goal or as a striker, and played for the club across four different divisions.

2008–09 Luton Town F.C. season
The 2008–09 season was the 123rd season in the history of Luton Town Football Club. The team's 23rd-place finish in the 2006–07 Football League Championship and 24th-place finish in 2007–08 Football League One meant the club competed in League Two. The club was docked 30 points at the start of the season; 10 by The Football Association for irregular matters involving player transfers, and 20 by the Football League for breaking the rules on exiting administration. As a result, the club finished at the bottom of the league and was relegated to the Conference Premier. The season was not, however, without success – Luton beat Scunthorpe United 3–2 at Wembley to win the Football League Trophy for the first time.

This article covers the period from 1 July 2008 to 30 June 2009.
Abdullah ibn Khatal
Abdullah ibn Khatal (Arabic: عبدالله بن خطل) (died 629 C.E.) was a Muslim tax collector who committed treason against the State of Medina by defecting to Mecca and becoming an apostate. He was killed shortly after the Conquest of Mecca on the orders of Muhammad being one of the 4 inhabitants of Mecca not granted immunity. It is said that he was hanging to the curtains of the Kaaba in Mecca, where he attempted to take refuge but was executed before being able to enter the Ka'aba .

Conquest of Mecca
The conquest of Mecca (Arabic: فتح مكة Fatḥ Makka) was a military campaign undertaken by Muhammad and his companions during the Muslim–Quraysh War. They led the early Muslims in an advance on the Quraysh-controlled city of Mecca in December 629 or January 630 (10–20 Ramadan, 8 AH). The fall of the city to Muhammad formally marked the end of the conflict between his followers and the Quraysh tribal confederation.
Tashkuh (mountain)
31°16′40.76″N 49°48′30.88″E﻿ / ﻿31.2779889°N 49.8085778°E﻿ / 31.2779889; 49.8085778

Tashkuh (Persian: تشکوه) is a perpetually burning hillside northeast of the city of Ramhormoz, Ramhormoz County, Khuzestan province, in the southwest of Iran. The seeping of hydrocarbon gas through small fissures in the ground fuels the patchwork of perpetual flames clustered along the hillside.

Ramhormoz
Ramhormoz (Persian: رامهرمز) is a city in the Central District of Ramhormoz County, Khuzestan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. In ancient times it had been known as Samangan, having been established by the Sasanian emperor Hormizd I, although an Elamite tomb has been found as well. The historical territory of Ramshir is in this area, only 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) away from the city.
The Magazine of Poetry and Literary Review
The Magazine of Poetry and Literary Review began publication in 1889 in Buffalo, New York under the editorship of, and published by, Charles Wells Moulton. Other editors included Nettie Leila Michel. It is sometimes cited as The Magazine of Poetry, because that is what appeared on its headers. Some volumes have been reprinted in the 21st century.

Nettie Leila Michel
Nettie Leila Michel (née, Champion; after first marriage, Michel; after second marriage, Smith; after third marriage, Jeannette Champion Roake; September 26, 1863 – June 29, 1912) was an American business woman, author, and magazine editor of the long nineteenth century. Michel was the first woman commercial traveler (traveling salesperson) in the U.S. and early in life traveled through Michigan for the N. K. Fairbank Company, of Chicago. She later gave up traveling and became the first editor of a strictly literary magazine, being associated with Charles Wells Moulton in Buffalo, New York, on The Magazine of Poetry, and with Mary Livermore in literary work.
Lower Mesa Falls
Lower Mesa Falls is a 65-foot (20 m) waterfall on the Henrys Fork in Fremont County, Idaho. It is located in the Caribou-Targhee National Forest on the Mesa Falls Scenic Byway.  It is downstream of Upper Mesa Falls.

Henrys Fork (Snake River tributary)
Henrys Fork is a tributary river of the Snake River, approximately 127 miles (204 km) long, in southeastern Idaho in the United States. It is also referred to as the North Fork of the Snake River. Its drainage basin is 3,212 square miles (8,320 km2), including its main tributary, the Teton River. Its mean annual discharge, as measured at river mile 9.2 (Henrys Fork near Rexburg) by the United States Geological Survey (USGS), is 2,096 cubic feet per second (59.4 m3/s), with a maximum daily recorded flow of 79,000 cubic feet per second (2,240 m3/s), and a minimum of 183 cubic feet per second (5.18 m3/s). It is normally transcribed without an apostrophe.

The river is named for Andrew Henry, who first entered the Snake River plateau in 1810. Employed by the Missouri Fur Company, he built Fort Henry on the upper Snake River, near modern St. Anthony, but abandoned this first American fur post west of the continental divide the following spring.
2017–18 East Tennessee State Buccaneers men's basketball team
The 2017–18 East Tennessee Buccaneers basketball team represented East Tennessee State University during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Buccaneers, led by third-year head coach Steve Forbes, played their home games at the Freedom Hall Civic Center in Johnson City, Tennessee as of the Southern Conference. They finished the season 25–9, 14–4 in SoCon play to finish in second place. They defeated Chattanooga and Furman to advance to the championship game of the SoCon tournament where they lost to UNC Greensboro. Despite having 25 wins, they did not participate in a postseason tournament.

2017–18 Furman Paladins men's basketball team
The 2017–18 Furman Paladins men's basketball team represented Furman University during the 2017–18 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Paladins, led by first-year head coach Bob Richey, played their home games at Timmons Arena in Greenville, South Carolina as members of the Southern Conference. They finished the season 23–10, 13–5 in SoCon play to finish in third place. They defeated Western Carolina in the quarterfinals of the SoCon tournament before losing in the semifinals to East Tennessee State. Despite having 23 wins, they did not participate in a postseason tournament.
Made in Chelsea series 4
The fourth series of Made in Chelsea, a British structured-reality television programme, began airing on 15 October 2012 on E4. The series concluded on 17 December 2012 after 10 episodes, however a 60-minute Christmas special episode aired immediately after the series on 24 December 2012, which was then followed by an end of season special presented by Rick Edwards on 31 December 2012 featuring a reunion of the cast to discuss events from the series. The series saw the arrival of several new cast members including Andy Jordan, Ashley James, Carly Rothman, Sam Cussins, Sophia Sassoon, Stevie Johnson and Lucy Watson, as well as the departure of original cast members Fredrik Ferrier and Gabriella Ellis. This series also featured the long triangle between Sophia, Francis and Proudlock, the rivalry between Millie and Victoria increasing, the brief reconnection between Gabriella and Ollie, and the rocky relationship between Spencer and Louise until the revelation that he cheated on her.

Made in Chelsea
Made in Chelsea (MIC) is a British structured-reality television series broadcast by E4. Made in Chelsea chronicles the lives of affluent young people in the West London and South West areas of Belgravia, King's Road, Chelsea, Fulham and Knightsbridge, as well as their travels to other locations around the world.
Leg Work
Leg Work is an American crime drama television series created by Frank Abatemarco that premiered on CBS on October 3, 1987. Ten episodes of the series were produced, of which six were aired prior to the show's cancellation. The final episode aired on November 7, 1987. The cable network TV Land later aired the remaining four episodes.

Margaret Colin
Margaret Colin (born May 26, 1958) is an American actress. She is known for her roles as White House Communications Director Constance Spano in the sci-fi film Independence Day (1996), the originating performer of character Margo Hughes on As the World Turns (1980–1983), and her recurring role as Eleanor Waldorf in the first five seasons of Gossip Girl (2007–2012).
Subtilisin
Subtilisin is a protease (a protein-digesting enzyme) initially obtained from Bacillus subtilis.

Subtilisins belong to subtilases, a group of serine proteases that – like all serine proteases – initiate the nucleophilic attack on the peptide (amide) bond through a serine residue at the active site. Subtilisins typically have molecular weights 27kDa.  They can be obtained from certain types of soil bacteria, for example, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens from which they are secreted in large amounts.

Detergent enzymes
Detergent enzymes are biological enzymes that are used with detergents. They catalyze the reaction between stains and the water solution, thus aiding stain removal and improving efficiency. Laundry detergent enzymes are the largest application of  industrial enzymes.

They can be a part of both liquid and powder detergents.
Caserta railway station
Caserta railway station (IATA: CTJ) (Italian: Stazione di Caserta) serves the city and comune of Caserta, in the region of Campania, southern Italy.  Opened in 1843, it forms the junction between the Rome–Cassino–Naples railway and the Naples–Foggia railway.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI).  However, the commercial area of the passenger building is managed by Centostazioni.  Train services are operated by Trenitalia.  Each of these companies is a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Naples–Foggia railway
The Naples–Foggia railway is an Italian railway line connecting Naples, in Campania, with Foggia, in Apulia, crossing the Apennines at the saddle of Ariano through a series of tunnels.

The railway infrastructure is managed by the Rete Ferroviaria Italiana, which classifies it as one of its primary lines. It is part of a westward extension of Pan-European Corridor VIII.

It is being developed as a line with features of high-speed rail with the doubling of single-track sections and the raising of line speeds to between 180 km/h and 200 km/h. These improvements are intended to allow connections between Naples and Bari in two hours and between Rome and Bari in three hours in 2026.
San Francisco State University
San Francisco State University (San Francisco State, SF State and SFSU) is a public research university in San Francisco, California, United States. It was established in 1899 as the San Francisco State Normal School and is part of the California State University system.

It offers 126 bachelor's degree programs, 104 master's degree programs, and 3 doctoral degree programs, along with 24 teaching credential programs among seven colleges. The 144.1-acre main campus is located in the southwest part of the city, less than two miles from the Pacific coast. The university has 12 varsity athletic teams which compete at the NCAA Division II level.

SF State is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity." It is also a designated Hispanic-Serving Institution (HSI) and Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institution (AANAPISI).

Woo Chia-wei
Chia-Wei Woo GBS CBE (traditional Chinese: 吳家瑋; simplified Chinese: 吴家玮; pinyin: Wú Jiāwěi; 13 November 1937 – 2 March 2025) was a Hong Kong physicist and educator who was the inaugural president of the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology. His work included raising funding and recruiting outstanding faculty for the university. With Chung Sze Yuen, Woo created an institution, including a top-ranked Business School, known as the HKUST Business School. The school's MBA, EMBA and Executive Education programmes have been consistently ranked as Asia's top programmes, and in the World Top 50 MBA programmes by the Financial Times of London. Woo retired in 2001 after 13 years of service and remained President Emeritus as well as University Professor Emeritus.
Hatti Gold Mines
Hutti Gold Mines, also spelled Hatti, is a notified area council in Raichur district in the Indian state of Karnataka. The mines are owned and operated by Hutti Gold Mines Limited.

Hutti is situated in Raichur District, Karnataka State and is 80 km (50 miles) due west of Raichur, which is also the nearest railway station.

Raichur district
Raichur district is an administrative district in the Indian state of Karnataka. It is located in the northeast part of the state and is bounded by Yadgir district in the north, Bijapur and Bagalkot district in the northwest, Koppal district in the west, Bellary district in the south, Jogulamba Gadwal district of Telangana and Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh in the east.
Flying Colours Flagmakers
Flying Colours Flagmakers are a company based in Knaresborough, North Yorkshire, England, who specialise in flags and standards. The company have been operating since 1994, and in 2022, one of their flags ordered by the Royal Household, adorned the coffin of Queen Elizabeth II whilst it was lying in state in St Giles Cathedral in Edinburgh, Scotland.

Knaresborough
Knaresborough (/ˈnɛərzbərə/ NAIRZ-bər-ə) is a market and spa town and civil parish on the River Nidd in North Yorkshire, England. It is three miles (five kilometres) east of Harrogate and was in the Borough of Harrogate until April 2023.
Ledyard, New York
Ledyard is a town in Cayuga County, New York, United States. The population was 1,654 at the 2020 census. The town was named in honor of Revolutionary War General Benjamin Ledyard, an early settler of the town. Ledyard is on the western edge of the county and is southwest of Auburn. Ledyard’s principal population center is the Village of Aurora.

Wells College was founded as a college for women in 1868 in the Village of Aurora. It announced its permanent closure in 2024.

Cayuga County, New York
Cayuga County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 76,248. Its county seat and largest city is Auburn. The county was named for the Cayuga people, one of the Native American tribes in the Iroquois Confederation. The county is part of the Central New York region of the state.

Cayuga County comprises the Auburn, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Syracuse-Auburn, NY Combined Statistical Area.
Dullabcherra railway station
Dullabcherra Railway Station is a railway station in Karimganj district, Assam. Its code is DLCR. It serves Dullabcherra town. The station consists of a single platform. It is the terminal station in Baraigram Jn - Dullabchera spur line of Lumding–Sabroom section and is the last railway line under Northeast Frontier Railway zone to complete gauge conversion.

The station is currently served with three pair of train services which connect it with Silchar and Guwahati via Karimganj and Badarpur Junction

Dullabcherra
Dullabcherra ( also known as Durllavcherra ) a township located in Karimganj district in the Indian state of Assam. It is 375 kilometres south of the state capital Guwahati and 57 kilometres south of the district headquarters Karimganj.

Bengali and Meitei (Manipuri) are the official languages of this place.
South East Area, Ipswich
The South East Area, Ipswich is one of five administrative areas in Ipswich, through which Ipswich Borough Council divides its spending and enables feedback from local residents, businesses and community groups.

The area is composed of three wards, each represented by three councillors. Each ward is also a Middle Layer Super Output Area (MSOA). As of the 2023 Ipswich Borough Council election, the councillors are as follows:

These Councillors form the South East Area Committee of which George Lankester is the chair. Three Suffolk County Council Councillors are co-opted members of the committee. The divisions they represent are either fully or partially in the South East Area.:

The area is also covered by a Neighbourhood Watch network which comprises 35 neighbourhood watch schemes.

Ipswich Borough Council
Ipswich Borough Council is the local authority for Ipswich, a non-metropolitan district with borough status in Suffolk, England. It is the second tier of a two-tier system, fulfilling functions such as refuse collection, housing and planning, with Suffolk County Council providing county council services such as transport, education and social services.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 2011. It meets at Ipswich Town Hall and has its main offices at Grafton House.
Paint sheen
Sheen is a measure of the reflected light (glossiness) from a paint finish. Glossy and flat (or matte) are typical extreme levels of glossiness of a finish. Gloss paint is shiny and reflects most light in the specular (mirror-like) direction, while on flat paints most of the light diffuses in a range of angles. The gloss level of paint can also affect its apparent colour.

Between those extremes, there are a number of intermediate gloss levels. Their common names, from the most dull to the most shiny, include matte, eggshell, satin, silk, semi-gloss and high gloss. These terms are not standardized, and not all manufacturers use all these terms.

Paint
Paint is a material or mixture that, when applied to a solid material and allowed to dry, adds a film-like layer. As art, this is used to create an image or images known as a painting. Paint can be made in many colors and types. Most paints are either oil-based or water-based, and each has distinct characteristics.

Primitive forms of paint were used tens of thousands of years ago in cave paintings.

Clean-up solvents are also different for water-based paint than oil-based paint. Water-based paints and oil-based paints will cure differently based on the outside ambient temperature of the object being painted (such as a house).
Jeu de paume
Jeu de paume (UK: /ˌʒɜː də ˈpoʊm/, French: [ʒø d(ə) pom]; originally spelled jeu de paulme; lit. 'palm game') was a ball-and-court game that originated in France and was the precursor of real tennis (called court tennis in the US or courte paume in France) and ultimately of the modern game of tennis. Jeu de paume was played without racquets, and so was a "game of the hand", though these were eventually introduced. It is a former Olympic sport, and has the oldest ongoing annual world championship in sport, first established over 250 years ago. The term also refers to the court on which the game is played and its building, which in the 17th century was sometimes converted into a theatre.

Olympic sports
Olympic sports are sports that are contested in the Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games. The 2024 Summer Olympics included 32 sports; the 2022 Winter Olympics included seven sports. Each Olympic sport is represented at the International Olympic Committee (IOC) by an international governing body called an International Federation (IF).

The 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo saw the introduction of four new sports, with karate, skateboarding, sport climbing and surfing making their Olympic debuts. Breakdancing made its debut at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, and ski mountaineering made its debut at the 2026 Winter Olympics in Italy. Flag football and squash will make their debuts at the 2028 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, while cricket and lacrosse will return after long absences.
2025 ICF Canoe Marathon World Championships
The 2025 ICF Canoe Marathon World Championships were held from 4 to 7 September 2025 in Győr, Hungary. For the first time in the history of the Canoe Marathon World Championships, paracanoe were contested in marathon distances.

Paracanoe
Paracanoe is canoeing for athletes with a range of physical disabilities. The Paralympic version of the sport is governed by the International Canoe Federation (ICF), and a va'a-specific variant is governed by the International Va'a Federation (IVF).

A meeting of the International Paralympic Committee in Guangzhou, China in 2010 decided to add paracanoe to the Paralympic programme. As a result, paracanoe debuted at the Rio 2016 Summer Paralympics where single kayak races were contested.
Imbunche
In the Chilote folklore and Chilote mythology of Chiloé Island in southern Chile, the imbunche (Mapudungun: ifünche, lit. "short person") is a legendary monster that protects the entrance to a warlock's cave.

Chilote mythology
The Chilote mythology or Chilota mythology is formed by the myths, legends and beliefs of the people who live in the Chiloé Archipelago, in the south of Chile. This mythology reflects the importance of the sea in the life of Chilotes.

Chilote mythology is based on a mixture of indigenous religions and beliefs from the natives (the Chonos and Huilliches) that live in the Archipelago of Chiloé, and the legends and superstitions brought by the Spanish conquistadores, who in 1567 began the process of conquest in Chiloé and with it the fusion of elements that would form a separate mythology.

Chilota mythology flourished, isolated from other beliefs and myths in Chile, due to the separation of the archipelago from the rest of the Spanish occupation in Chile, when the Mapuches occupied or destroyed all the Spanish settlements between the Bío-Bío River and the Chacao channel following the disaster of Curalaba in 1598.