hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Assassination of Ahmet Benler
Ahmet Benler was the son of Özdemir Benler, the Turkish ambassador to the Netherlands. He was assassinated on October 12, 1979, in The Hague. The responsibility for his assassination was claimed separately by ASALA and JCAG.

Twenty-seven-year-old Ahmet Benler, the only son of the Turkish ambassador to the Netherlands, was a post-graduate student at Delft University. According to the police, on the way to the university, he stopped his Volkswagen for a traffic light when a gunman, who had been standing at a trolley stop, walked up and fired between four and six shots through the vehicle's closed window. Benler died on the spot.

Justice Commandos of the Armenian Genocide
Justice Commandos of the Armenian Genocide (JCAG) (Armenian: Հայկական Ցեղասպանութեան Արդարութեան Մարտիկներ, ՀՑԱՄ) was an Armenian militant organization active from 1975 to 1987.

JCAG conducted an international campaign of attacks against Turkish representatives and interests, primarily in Europe and North America, killing numerous attachés of the Turkish government. JCAG's stated reason for these attacks was the establishment of an independent Armenia that included historically Armenian areas and official recognition of the Armenian genocide by Turkey.

By 1983, JCAG is generally thought to have transformed into the Armenian Revolutionary Army (ARA) as either a renaming or continuation, with communiques and military activities claimed under that name until 1985. The organization committed a single attack in 1986 under the name Greek-Bulgarian-Armenian Front, and is believed to have unofficially dissolved the following year.
Potenza (river)
The Potenza (Latin: Flosis) is a river in the province of Macerata in the Marche region of Italy. The source of the river is in the territory of Fiuminata. The source is located at an elevation of 800 metres (2,600 ft) on Monte Pennino. The river flows northeast through the communes of Pioraco, Castelraimondo, San Severino Marche, Macerata, Montelupone, Recanati and Potenza Picena. The river flows into the Adriatic Sea  at Porto Recanati, after a course of some 95 kilometres (59 mi).

Macerata
Macerata (Italian pronunciation: [matʃeˈraːta] ⓘ) is a city and comune in central Italy, the county seat of the province of Macerata in the Marche region. It has a population of about 41,564.

It is home to the University of Macerata (founded in 1290), making it one of Europe's oldest universities, specializing in humanities and social sciences, and located in a historic center with medieval walls.

One of the city's best-known landmarks is the Sferisterio, a large neoclassical open-air arena built in the 19th century, which later became a major venue for summer performances, including opera.
Taqwa Charity Foundation
Taqwa Charity Foundation (formerly known as Taqwa Foundation Bangladesh) is a non-governmental, non-profit, and non-political humanitarian organization based in Bangladesh. It was founded in 2020 by Gazi Yakub during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in Bangladesh. The organization has been highlighted for its efforts during the pandemic as well as in response to the 2024 floods. It also engages in ongoing support for individuals affected by natural disasters, including cyclones, cold spells, and flooding.

2024 floods of Bangladesh
Bangladesh, being situated on the Brahmaputra River Delta (also known as the Ganges Delta) is a land of many rivers, and as a result, is very prone to flooding. Due to being part of such a basin and being less than 5 meters above mean sea level, Bangladesh faces the cumulative effects of floods due to water flashing from nearby hills, the accumulation of the inflow of water from upstream catchments, and locally heavy rainfall enhanced by drainage congestion. Bangladesh faces this problem almost every year.
William Leon Clark
William Leon Clark (March 21, 1911 – March 19, 2005) was Deputy Chief of Chaplains of the United States Air Force.

He was born in Scott County, Mississippi on March 21, 1911 and grew up in Hattiesburg and Petal. He attended Pearl River Community College, Mississippi College, Southwestern Baptist Theological Seminary and New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary and became an ordained Baptist pastor.

New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary
New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary (NOBTS) is a Baptist theological institute in New Orleans, Louisiana. It is affiliated with the Southern Baptist Convention. Missions and evangelism are core focuses of the seminary.

NOBTS offers doctoral, master, bachelor, and associate degrees. The seminary has 13 graduate centers in 5 states, 11 undergraduate centers in 5 states, and 13 on-campus research centers. The main campus is situated on over 70 acres with more than 70 buildings.
Švyturys Arena
Švyturio Arena (English: Lighthouse Arena) is an indoor arena in Klaipėda, Lithuania. The arena is named after the company Švyturys, which bought the rights for the name. The capacity of the catamaran-shaped arena is 6,200 seats for basketball games, 4,416 for ice hockey games, 6,512 for boxing/wrestling matches, and 7,450 seats for concerts.

Švyturys
The Švyturys Brewery (English: Lighthouse) is Lithuania's second oldest brewery located in Klaipėda, Lithuania. It was founded in 1784 by the Reincke family of merchant seamen. The brewery is a part of Švyturys-Utenos alus and currently is owned by the Carlsberg Group, which controls Švyturys-Utenos alus through Baltic Beverages Holding.
Break Stuff
"Break Stuff" is a song by American nu metal band Limp Bizkit. It was released as the fourth and final single from their second studio album, Significant Other (1999). The song was released alongside "N 2 Gether Now", and has remained a staple of Limp Bizkit's live shows.

Significant Other (album)
Significant Other is the second studio album by American nu metal band Limp Bizkit. It was released on June 22, 1999, through  Flip and Interscope Records. It saw the band expand their sound from that of their 1997 debut Three Dollar Bill, Y'all to incorporate further metal and hip-hop influences, but with a more melodic and less hardcore punk-influenced sound.

Significant Other received high commercial sales, peaking at number one on the US Billboard 200. The band's distinctive sound and performance, which was thought to be an improvement over the band's debut, received positive reviews from the critics. At least 16 million copies of the album have been sold worldwide.

The album was nominated for Best Rock Album at the 42nd Annual Grammy Awards, and the lead single "Nookie" was nominated for Best Hard Rock Performance.

In 2025, Rae Lemeshow-Barooshian of Loudwire included the album in her list of "the top 50 nu-metal albums of all time", ranking it number fourteenth on the list.
Trost ligand
The Trost ligand is a diphosphine used in the palladium-catalyzed Trost asymmetric allylic alkylation. Other C2-symmetric ligands derived from trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane (DACH) have been developed, such as the (R,R)-DACH-naphthyl ligand derived from 2-diphenylphosphino-1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid. Related bidentate phosphine-containing ligands derived from other chiral diamines and  2-diphenylphosphinobenzoic acid have also been developed for applications in asymmetric synthesis.

Trans-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane
trans-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane is an organic compound with the formula C6H10(NH2)2. This diamine is a building block for C2-symmetric ligands that are useful in asymmetric catalysis.

A mixture of all three stereoisomers of 1,2-diaminocyclohexane is produced by the hydrogenation of o-phenylenediamine. It is also side product in hydrogenation of adiponitrile.  The racemic trans isomer (1:1 mixture of (1R,2R)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane and (1S,2S)-1,2-diaminocyclohexane) can be separated into the two enantiomers using enantiomerically pure tartaric acid as the resolving agent.
Bad Reputation (Dirty White Boy album)
Bad Reputation is a 1990 album by the rock band Dirty White Boy. It was the only album released by the band and spawned two singles "Let's Spend Momma's Money", which peaked at 93 on the UK Singles Chart and "Lazy Crazy". The album was produced by Beau Hill and released on the Polydor label. It is known that the band were unhappy with the sound of the final product and this could be another reason they decided to split.

Beau Hill
Beau Hill is an American record producer who is best known for his work with Ratt, Alice Cooper, Kix, Winger, Streets, Warrant, Fiona, and Europe. He also played instruments and sang backing vocals for some of the artists that he produced, as well as for his own bands Airborne (which had a record released in 1979 on Columbia), and Shanghai, who both released albums in the early 1980s. Hill was one of the founding partners of Interscope Records.
Royal Netherlands Sea Rescue Institution
The Royal Netherlands Sea Rescue Institution (Dutch: Koninklijke Nederlandse Redding Maatschappij, abbreviated: KNRM) is the voluntary organization in the Netherlands tasked with saving lives at sea. For that purpose, it maintains 45 lifeboat stations along the Dutch coast of the North Sea and Wadden Sea and on the IJsselmeer. It maintains 78 boats ranging from small boat to 21 meter long RHIBs. It also provides lifeguard services at some beaches on the Frisian Islands in the Waddensea, and the beach of Wassenaar. Its headquarters have been in IJmuiden since 1996.

Lifeboat (rescue)
A rescue lifeboat is a boat rescue craft which is used to attend a vessel in distress, or its survivors, to rescue crew and passengers. It can be hand pulled, sail powered or powered by an engine. Lifeboats may be rigid, inflatable or rigid-inflatable combination-hulled vessels.
S. H. Hooke
Samuel Henry Hooke (January 21, 1874 – January 17, 1968) was an English scholar writing on comparative religion. He is known for his Bible in Basic English translation.

He was born in Cirencester, Gloucestershire. He was educated at St. Mark's school, Windsor and Jesus College, Oxford.

From 1913 to 1926 he was Professor of Oriental Languages at the University of Toronto, where he was a founder of and contributor to Canadian Forum. In 1930 he was appointed Samuel Davidson Professor of Old Testament Studies at the University of London. In 1951, Hooke was president of the Society for Old Testament Study.

Samuel Davidson Professor of Old Testament Studies
The Samuel Davidson Professorship of Old Testament Studies is a chair in Old Testament studies at King's College, London (formerly of the University of London). It was established in 1925 and is named after the Irish Biblical scholar Samuel Davidson.
Photocurrent
Photocurrent is the electric current through a photosensitive device, such as a photodiode, as the result of exposure to radiant power.  The photocurrent may occur as a result of the photoelectric, photoemissive, or photovoltaic effect.  The photocurrent may be enhanced by internal gain caused by interaction among ions and photons under the influence of applied fields, such as occurs in an avalanche photodiode (APD).

When a suitable radiation is used, the photoelectric current is directly proportional to intensity of radiation and increases with the increase in accelerating potential till the stage is reached when photo-current becomes maximum and does not increase with further increase in accelerating potential. The highest (maximum) value of the photo-current is called saturation current. The value of retarding potential at which photo-current becomes zero is called cut-off voltage or stopping potential for the given frequency of the incident ray.

Photodiode
A photodiode is a semiconductor diode sensitive to photon radiation, such as visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation, X-rays and gamma rays. It produces an electrical current when it absorbs photons. This can be used for detection and measurement applications, or for the generation of electrical power in solar cells. Photodiodes are used in a wide range of applications throughout the electromagnetic spectrum from visible light photocells to gamma ray spectrometers.
Ol-class tanker (1918)
The Ol-class tankers were Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA) replenishment oilers built from 1917 to 1919, tasked with providing fuel and other supplies to Royal Navy vessels around the world. There were six ships in the class. Until 1936 they were managed by Davies and Newman with RFA crews, after which time they were transferred to the British Admiralty.

The lead ship of the class, RFA Olcades, was originally built as British Beacon and acquired for RFA use in 1918. She was renamed in 1936. The six ships in the Ol class saw wide service during World War II as far afield as India, Singapore and the Far East.

Davies and Newman
Davies and Newman Limited was a privately held British shipping company, formed in 1922, a member of the Baltic Exchange, from which several other companies developed, including Dan-Air, Dan-Air Engineering, Dan-Air Flying Services, Dan-Air Intercontinental, and Davies and Newman Travel. The company also owned Gatwick Handling, jointly with Laker Airways.

In 1971, the company was floated on the London Stock Exchange, when its ownership was transferred into a new public limited company called Davies and Newman Holdings Limited.
Bukit Bendera, Brunei
Bukit Bendera is a populated area in Tutong, the town of Tutong District, Brunei. It is officially a village-level subdivision under the mukim or subdistrict of Pekan Tutong, as well as a designated postcode area with the postcode TA1341. The Tutong Municipal Department spans an area of about 0.024 square kilometres (0.0093 sq mi), encompassing parts of Petani and Bukit Bendera.

Tutong District
Tutong District (Malay: Daerah Tutong; Jawi: دائيره توتوڠ) or simply known as Tutong (tu-tong), is the third largest and populated district in Brunei. It has an area of 1,166 square kilometres (450 sq mi) and the population of 47,210 as of 2021. The district is also home to its administrative centre is Tutong Town (Pekan Tutong), as well as the Tutong River and Tasek Merimbun, the country's second longest river and the only ASEAN Heritage Parks in Brunei respectively.
Lo spirito di contradizione
Lo spirito di contradizione (The Spirit of Contradiction) is an opera buffa in three acts by Pietro Alessandro Guglielmi.

Guglielmi contributed a large part of the music to Pasquale Anfossi's 1763 opera Lo sposo di tre e marito di nessuna, which had a Neapolitan libretto by Antonio Palomba. Much of this work was reused by Guglielmi for Lo spirito di contradizione, with the text revised for the Venetian audience by Gaetano Martinelli.

Antonio Palomba
Antonio Palomba (20 December 1705 – 1769) was an Italian opera librettist, poet, harpsichordist, and music educator. He also worked as a notary. Born in Naples, he became a teacher of the harpsichord at the Teatro della Pace in 1749. Most of his more than 50 opera libretti were comedic works written for composers of the Neapolitan school. He also wrote some works for performance in Florence, Bologna and abroad. He died in Naples in 1769; one of the victims of a fever epidemic in the city. Many of his libretti were set more than once to music, and composers continued to use his libretti up into the 1830s.

There is some confusion about whether these libretti were written by Antonio Palomba or his nephew Giuseppe Palomba, also a librettist, who died in 1825. Articles on both men are available on it.wikipedia.org.
Toutai Kefu
Rodger Siaosi Toutai Kefu (born 8 April 1974) is a Tongan-Australian professional rugby union coach and former player who has been coaching the Tonga national team since 2016.

Kefu acquired 60 test caps while primarily playing the position of number eight for Australia. In 2012, he served as the caretaker coach for Tonga and acted as Iona College's assistant. When there was a gap in the international window, Kefu also served as the head coach of Queensland Country in the National Rugby Championship.

Kubota Spears
Kubota Spears Funabashi Tokyo Bay (commonly known as the Kubota Spears) is a Japanese rugby union team based in Funabashi, Chiba participating in the Japan Rugby League One. The team rebranded as Kubota Spears Funabashi Tokyo Bay ahead of the rebranding of the Top League as the Japan Rugby League One in 2022.
13th Street station (SEPTA)
13th Street station is a SEPTA rapid transit station in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, located under Market Street between 13th and Juniper streets in Center City. The station serves the SEPTA Metro L and is the eastern terminal station for all five routes of the T.

13th Street is located on the east side of City Hall and Penn Square and is connected to the Downtown Link concourse, a collection of underground passageways serving multiple stations on the L, B, PATCO Speedline, and Regional Rail lines. The station is also served by bus routes operated by SEPTA's City Transit Division and Suburban Division, as well as NJ Transit Bus routes.

The T platform was known as Juniper Street until 2011. The station was signed as 13th/Juniper Streets on maps at the time.

Center City, Philadelphia
Center City includes the central business district and central neighborhoods of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. It comprises the area that made up the City of Philadelphia prior to the Act of Consolidation, 1854, which extended the city borders to be coterminous with Philadelphia County.
Escuela Militar metro station
Escuela Militar is an underground metro station on the Line 1 of the Santiago Metro, in Santiago, Chile. It is located beneath the cloverleaf-like interchange of Apoquindo Avenue and Américo Vespucio Avenue. The station was opened on 22 August 1980 as part of the extension of the line from Salvador to Escuela Militar. It remained the eastern terminus of the Line 1 until 7 January 2010, when the line was extended to Los Dominicos, and is named for the nearby Escuela Militar del Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins.

Américo Vespucio Avenue
Américo Vespucio Avenue is a 64.8-kilometre (40.3 mi) ring road in Santiago, 
Chile, named after Renaissance cartographer Amerigo Vespucci. Two adjacent sections of the avenue are occupied by Vespucio Norte Express and Vespucio Sur free-flow tolling highways, which are under concession. Vespucio Avenue meets the two largest roundabouts in Santiago, namely Quilín and Grecia, which have circumferences of 793 m and 535 m respectively.
2018 European Masters
The 2018 European Masters (officially the 2018 D88.com European Masters) was a professional ranking snooker tournament, that took place from 1 to 7 October 2018 in Lommel, Belgium. It was the fifth ranking event of the 2018/2019 season.

Qualifying took place on 17 and 18 August 2018 in Preston, England.

Judd Trump was the defending champion after winning the previous two events, but he lost 2–4 to Tian Pengfei in the second round.

Jimmy Robertson reached his first ever ranking event semi-final, which he converted into his first professional ranking event title, beating Joe Perry 9–6 in the final.

Jack Lisowski
Jack Adam Lisowski (born 25 June 1991) is an English professional snooker player from Churchdown, Gloucestershire. He turned professional in 2010 by finishing first in the 2009/2010 PIOS rankings. A left-handed player, he is known for his attacking style of play.

Lisowski lost his first six ranking finals, three to Judd Trump, two to Neil Robertson and one to Mark Selby. He reached his seventh ranking final at the 2025 Northern Ireland Open and defeated Trump 9–8 to win his maiden ranking title. Lisowski has made over 300 career century breaks, including one maximum break.
Mark Gil
Raphael John Gil Eigenmann (September 25, 1961 – September 1, 2014), known professionally as Mark Gil, was a Filipino actor. Gil was often cast as a main villain in Philippine action films that was popular during the late '80s to the early 2000s.

Gil was also widely known for playing the protagonist of the critically acclaimed 1982 film Batch '81 and the role of Lorna Tolentino's former Filipino-American boss-lover-killer in the drama-suspense thriller The Elsa Santos Castillo Story: The Chop-Chop Lady, the script of which is inspired by true events. He also appeared in several drama series, the last of which was the ABS-CBN drama The Legal Wife, starring Angel Locsin and Jericho Rosales.

Batch '81
Alpha Kappa Omega Batch '81 (also known as Batch '81 or ΑΚΩ 81) is a 1982 Filipino psychological drama film directed by Mike de Leon from a screenplay he co-written with Clodualdo del Mundo Jr. and Raquel Villavicencio. The film depicts the titular fraternity's harsh initiation of new batch members as seen through the eyes of pre-med student Sid Lucero, played by Mark Gil in what is generally recognized as his breakout role.

The film premiered at the 1982 Cannes Film Festival during the Directors' Fortnight, screened alongside de Leon's 1981 film Kisapmata. The Manunuri ng Pelikulang Pilipino (Filipino Film Critics) included it on their list of the Ten Best Films of the Decade. In 2017, the film was digitally restored as part of the Venice Classics section.
Area code 650
Area code 650 is a telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for the San Francisco Bay Area in the U.S. state of California. It was split from area code 415 on August 2, 1997, and  includes most of San Mateo County (except the  northernmost portion), part of San Francisco, and the northwestern portion of Santa Clara County including Palo Alto, Mountain View, and Los Altos.

Prior to October 2021, area code 650 had telephone numbers assigned for the central office code 988. In 2020, 988 was designated nationwide as a dialing code for the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline, which created a conflict for exchanges that permit seven-digit dialing. This area code was therefore scheduled to transition to ten-digit dialing by October 24, 2021.

San Mateo County, California
San Mateo County, officially the County of San Mateo, is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 764,442. Redwood City is the county seat, the third-most populated city in the county after Daly City and San Mateo.

San Mateo County is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–Berkeley, CA MSA (metropolitan statistical area), Silicon Valley, and is part of the San Francisco Bay Area, the nine counties bordering San Francisco Bay. As of 2020, it has a median household income of $128,091, the fourth-highest household income of any county in the nation behind Loudoun County, Virginia, Falls Church, Virginia, and Santa Clara County, California.

The county covers most of the San Francisco Peninsula. The county is predominantly suburban and is home to many corporate campuses.
Alexander Briger
(Andrew) Alexander Briger AO (born 1969) is an Australian classical conductor. He is the nephew of the conductor Sir Charles Mackerras, and is a direct descendant of the composer Isaac Nathan and Count Felix Sumarokov-Elston.

Felix Sumarokov-Elston
Count Felix Nikolayevich Sumarokov-Elston (Russian: Феликс Николаевич Сумароков-Эльстон; 24 January 1820 – 30 October 1877) was a Russian general who served as the ataman of the Kuban Cossacks and the governor of Kuban Oblast in the late 1860s.
Sattel Pass
Sattel Pass (el. 932 m.) is a mountain pass in the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland.

It connects Pfäffikon and Seewen.

The pass was in use as early as the 13th century as an access route to the St. Gotthard Pass. The road was built in 1860, and along with the railway line to Arth it has become one of the most important east–west arteries in central Switzerland.

Canton of Schwyz
The canton of Schwyz (German: Kanton Schwyz [ʃviːts] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Sviz; French: Canton de Schwytz; Italian: Canton Svitto) is a canton in central Switzerland between the Alps in the south, Lake Lucerne to the west and Lake Zürich in the north, centred on and named after the town of Schwyz.

It is one of the founding cantons of Switzerland; Switzerland's name is derived from the name of the canton, and the flag of Switzerland from its coat of arms. For the history of the name, see Schwyz. The Swiss Federal Charter is on display in Schwyz. Northeast of the town of Schwyz is Einsiedeln Abbey.