hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Taft E. Armandroff
Taft E. Armandroff is an American astronomer, currently director of McDonald Observatory, a professor and the Frank and Susan Bash Endowed Chair, at the University of Texas at Austin. He is Chair of the Giant Magellan Telescope Board of Directors.

McDonald Observatory
McDonald Observatory is an astronomical observatory located near the unincorporated community of Fort Davis in Jeff Davis County, Texas, United States. The facility is located on Mount Locke in the Davis Mountains of West Texas, with additional facilities on Mount Fowlkes, approximately 1.3 kilometers (0.81 mi) to the northeast.  The observatory is part of The University of Texas at Austin. It is an organized research unit of the College of Natural Sciences.

The observatory produces StarDate, a daily syndicated radio program consisting of short segments related to astronomy that airs on both National Public Radio and commercial radio stations — about 400 affiliates in all.
Delika canyon
The Delika canyon (Spanish: Cañón de Délica, Basque: Delikako arroila) is a karst canyon of Spain, located in the province of Álava. It is formed by the Nervión river near the village of Delika. The Salto de Nervión, an intermittent  waterfall that is the highest in Spain [222 metres (728 ft)], flows from the canyon.

Nervión
Nervión (Spanish pronunciation: [neɾˈβjon]; Basque: Nerbioi) is a river that runs through the town of Bilbao, Spain into the Cantabrian Sea (Bay of Biscay). Its lowermost course, downstream of its confluence with the Ibaizabal River, is known as the Estuary of Bilbao.
Jessie Murph
Jessie Murph (born September 22, 2004) is an American singer and songwriter. She was discovered after uploading vlogs and covers to TikTok and YouTube. Her music style spans multiple genres, with critics describing Murph's sound as a mix of elements from country, pop, and trap genres, while rooted in hip-hop.

Murph gained popularity with the release of her RIAA certified hits singles "Always Been You" (2021), "Pray" (2022), "Heartbroken" with Thomas Wesley and Polo G (2023), "Wild Ones" with Jelly Roll (2023), and the top 20 single, "Blue Strips" (2025). As well, after working with mainstream artists such as Diplo, Lil Baby, Maren Morris, Gucci Mane, Teddy Swims, and Sexyy Red, among others.

As of July 2025, Murph has released one mixtape Drowning (2023), and two studio albums, That Ain't No Man That's the Devil (2024) and Sex Hysteria (2025).

Wild Ones (Jessie Murph and Jelly Roll song)
"Wild Ones" is a song by American singers Jessie Murph and Jelly Roll, released on October 6, 2023 as the lead single from the former's debut studio album That Ain't No Man That's the Devil (2024). Produced by Jeff "Gitty" Gitelman, the song peaked at number 35 on the Billboard Hot 100.
Salma Shaheen
Salma Shaheen (born 16 April 1954) is a Pakistani poet, fiction writer, and researcher. She is recognized as the first woman novelist in the Pashto language and served as the first female director of the Pashto Academy at the University of Peshawar. Shaheen began her literary career primarily writing poems in Urdu and Pashto. She has written on Pashto language, literature, and culture, particularly focusing on women writers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Pashto Academy
Pashto Academy (Pashto: پښتو اکېډمي) is a language regulatory institution based at the University of Peshawar in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan responsible for the standardisation, advancement, and promotion of the Pashto language in Pakistan. It was established in 1955 with the support of the Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, with Maulana Abdul Qadir serving as its first director. It was created following the precedent the Pashto Tolana in Kabul having been set up in 1937.  It is a research and publication institution with a focus on Pashto linguistic development and research. Areas studied and researched by the academy include Pashtun culture, literature, history, and the arts.
Ryckaert family
The Flemish Ryckaert or Rijckaert family of Antwerp produced several painters during the late sixteenth and the seventeenth centuries.

David Ryckaert I (1560–1607). Little is known of his career. Two of his sons by his wife Catherina Rem were professional painters.

David Ryckaert II (1586–1642); eldest son of David I.  He was one of the pioneers of still life painting in Flanders.

Marten Ryckaert (1587–1631); second son of David I. Anthony van Dyck painted portraits of both brothers, David II and Martin.

David Ryckaert III (1612–1661); son of David II, grandson of David I, nephew of Martin.  He was a prominent genre painter.

Marten Ryckaert
Marten Ryckaert or Maerten Ryckaert (baptised 8 December 1587, Antwerp – 11 October 1631), was a Flemish landscape painter. He was known for his small, usually imaginary landscapes in an Italianate style.
Chidambara Rahasiyam (film)
Chidambara Rahasiyam (transl. The secret of Chidambaram) is a 1985 Indian Tamil-language comedy thriller film written and directed by Visu. It stars Visu, S. Ve. Shekher, Delhi Ganesh, Arun Pandian, Ilavarasi and Manorama. The film revolves around a simpleton (S. Ve. Shekher) who is framed for murder. Visu teams up with the local police and Arun Pandian to find the real culprits. The subject matter of the film is not related to Chidambara Rahasiyam, a Hindu religious belief. The film was released on 14 December 1985.

Visu
Meenakshisundaram Ramasamy Viswanathan (1 July 1945  –  22 March 2020), best known by his stage name Visu, was an Indian screenwriter, film director, stage, film and television actor and talk-show host known for his work in Tamil theatre and film. Visu initially worked as an assistant to director K. Balachander until becoming a director himself. He later began acting, with his first notable film being Kudumbam Oru Kadambam (1981), directed by S. P. Muthuraman.
2010–11 Estonian Cup
The 2010–11 Estonian Cup was the twenty-first season of the Estonian football knockout tournament organized by the Estonian Football Association. On 10 May 2011, FC Flora Tallinn defeated JK Narva Trans in the final to win the cup and qualify for the second qualifying round of the 2011–12 UEFA Europa League. The defending champions were FC Levadia Tallinn.

JK Narva Trans
Jalgpalliklubi Narva Trans, commonly known as Narva Trans or simply Trans, is an Estonian professional football club based in Narva that competes in the Meistriliiga, the top flight of Estonian football. Although the club's traditional home ground is Kreenholm Stadium, they currently play their home matches at Kalev-Fama Stadium.

The club was founded as Avtomobilist in 1979, changed their name to Autobaas in 1989 and Narva Trans in 1992. Narva Trans were one of the founding members of the Meistriliiga and are one of two clubs which have never been relegated from the Estonian top division since its inception in 1992, along with Flora. Narva Trans have won three Estonian Cups and two Estonian Supercups.
Illinois Department of Natural Resources
The Illinois Department of Natural Resources (IDNR) is the code department of the Illinois state government that operates the state parks and state recreation areas, enforces the fishing and game laws of Illinois, regulates Illinois coal mines and other extractive industries, operates the Illinois State Museum system, and oversees scientific research into the soil, water, and mineral resources of the state. In 2017, the Illinois Historic Preservation Division was added to its portfolio. It is headquartered in the state capital of Springfield.

Illinois State Museum
The Illinois State Museum features the life, land, people and art of the State of Illinois. In addition to natural history exhibits, the main museum in Springfield focuses on the state's cultural and artistic heritage. Exhibits include local fossils and mining, household displays from different historic periods, dioramas of Native American life, archaeological and ethnographic artifacts, and a collection of glass paperweights.

The headquarters museum is located on Spring and Edwards Streets, one block southwest of the Illinois State Capitol, in Springfield. There are three satellite locations: Dickson Mounds in Lewistown, the Lockport Gallery in Lockport, and the ISM's Research and Collections Center in Springfield.
As Above, So Below (Forced Entry album)
As Above, So Below is the second and final full-length studio album by American thrash metal band Forced Entry. It was released on June 14, 1991, on Relativity Records, and re-issued in 2009 on Lost and Found Records. Music videos for "Macrocosm, Microcosm" and "Never A Know, But the No" were produced, the latter of which featured a cameo by members of Alice in Chains.

As Above, So Below is considered a classic album of the early 1990s thrash metal scene. The tones and directions of this album are considerably more diverse than the straightforward thrash of Uncertain Future, consisting of elements of progressive, punk and groove metal, with more technical song structures and tempo changes, as well as a power ballad ("Never a Know, But the No").

As of 2020, the album is no longer in print.

Forced Entry (band)
Forced Entry was an American thrash metal band, formed in 1983 in Seattle, Washington under the name Critical Condition. The band released two studio albums, one EP and three demos before breaking up in 1995, and briefly reunited in 2002. Although Forced Entry never achieved mainstream success, they are often regarded as pioneers of the Seattle thrash metal scene, along with Metal Church, Panic, Bitter End, Coven, R.I.P. and Sanctuary (whom guitarist Brad Hull would join when they reunited in 2010, but left in 2015 after recording one album).
Craft Academy for Excellence in Science and Mathematics
The Craft Academy for Excellence in Science and Mathematics (simply Craft Academy) is a two-year residential early college high school serving approximately 146 academically exceptional high school juniors and seniors at Morehead State University (MSU) in Morehead, Kentucky. The students live in Craft Tower and earn dual credits as they complete their last two years of high school at the Academy while at the same time taking at least 60 credit hours of college-level courses, with tuition, room and board, and meal plan all free of charge. The Academy is funded in large part by Joe Craft and Ambassador Kelly Craft, who have donated over $10 million to the Academy, the largest donation in MSU history.

Morehead, Kentucky
Morehead is a home rule-class city located along US 60 (the historic Midland Trail) and Interstate 64 in Rowan County, Kentucky, in the United States. It is the seat of its county. The population was 7,151 at the time of the 2020 U.S. census.

It was the focal point of the Rowan County War and is the home of Morehead State University.
Wang and Landau algorithm
The Wang and Landau algorithm, proposed by  Fugao Wang and David P. Landau, is a Monte Carlo method designed to estimate the density of states of a system. The method performs a non-Markovian random walk to build the density of states by quickly visiting all the available energy spectrum. The Wang and Landau algorithm is an important method to obtain the density of states required to perform a multicanonical simulation.

The Wang–Landau algorithm can be applied to any system which is characterized by a cost (or energy) function. For instance,
it has been applied to the solution of numerical integrals and the folding of proteins.
The Wang–Landau sampling is related to the metadynamics algorithm.

Metadynamics
Metadynamics (MTD; also abbreviated as METAD or MetaD) is a computer simulation method in computational physics, chemistry and biology. It is used to estimate the free energy and other state functions of a system, where ergodicity is hindered by the form of the system's energy landscape. It was first suggested by Alessandro Laio and Michele Parrinello in 2002 and is usually applied within molecular dynamics simulations. MTD closely resembles a number of newer methods such as adaptively biased molecular dynamics, adaptive reaction coordinate forces and local elevation umbrella sampling. More recently, both the original and well-tempered metadynamics were derived in the context of importance sampling and shown to be a special case of the adaptive biasing potential setting. MTD is related to the Wang–Landau sampling.
Susi Newborn
Susi Newborn (1950–2023) was a New Zealand author, documentary film-maker, environmental activist, a founding director of Greenpeace UK and co-founder of Greenpeace International. She was also an executive director of the New Zealand non-for-profit group Women in Film and Television.

Rainbow Warrior (1955)
Rainbow Warrior was a Greenpeace ship involved in campaigns against whaling, seal hunting, nuclear testing and nuclear waste dumping during the late 1970s and early 1980s. The Direction Générale de la Sécurité Extérieure (the French intelligence service) bombed Rainbow Warrior in the Port of Auckland, New Zealand on 10 July 1985, sinking the ship and killing photographer Fernando Pereira.
House Slaves (1923 film)
House Slaves (Swedish: Hemslavinnor) is a 1923 Swedish silent comedy film directed by Ragnar Widestedt and starring Dagmar Ebbesen, Agda Helin and Karin Swanström. It was based on a 1920 Danish play which first appeared in Sweden in 1921. It was shot at studios in Kungsholmen in Stockholm with location shooting at Ränneslätt.

The plot revolves around Grethe, a young woman who heads to Stockholm to find work as a domestic servant. Ebbesen reprised the role of Kristina in the 1933 remake of the same name, in the 1942 film We House Slaves as well as over five hundred times on stage.

We House Slaves
We House Slaves (Swedish: Vi hemslavinnor) is a 1942 Swedish comedy film directed by Schamyl Bauman and starring Dagmar Ebbesen, John Botvid and Ernst Eklund. It was shot at the Centrumateljéerna Studios in Stockholm. The film's sets were designed by the art director Bibi Lindström. It was a remake of the 1933 film House Slaves, with Ebbesen reprising her role from the earlier film. Ebbesen had also played the role in a 1923 silent, eponymous version of the film.
Corn Exchange, Salisbury
The Corn Exchange, formerly the Market Hall, is a commercial building in the Market Place, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England. The structure, which accommodates a small shopping mall, a public library and an art gallery, is a Grade II listed building.

Salisbury
Salisbury (/ˈsɔːlzbəri/ SAWLZ-bər-ee, locally /ˈsɔːzbəri/ SAWZ-bər-ee) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Wiltshire, England with a population of 41,820, at the confluence of the rivers Avon, Nadder and Bourne. The city is approximately 20 miles (30 kilometres) from Southampton and 30 miles (50 kilometres) from Bath.

Salisbury is in the southeast of Wiltshire, near the edge of Salisbury Plain. An ancient cathedral was north of the present city at Old Sarum. A new cathedral was built near the meeting of the rivers and a settlement grew up around it, which received a city charter in 1227 as New Sarum. This continued to be its official name until 2009, when Salisbury City Council was established. Salisbury railway station is an interchange between the West of England Line and the Wessex Main Line.

Stonehenge, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is 8 miles (13 kilometres) northwest of Salisbury.
402nd Tactical Airlift Squadron (JASDF)
The 第402飛行隊 (402nd Tactical Airlift Squadron, dai402hikoutai) is the sole squadron of the 2nd Tactical Airlift Group of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force based at Iruma Air Base in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. It is equipped with Kawasaki C-1 and U-4 aircraft.

Iruma Air Base
Iruma Air Base (入間基地, Iruma-kichi) (ICAO: RJTJ) is a Japan Air Self-Defense Force (JASDF) base located in the city of Sayama, Saitama Prefecture, north of western Tokyo, Japan.

It was the airfield for the Imperial Japanese Army Air Force Academy until 1945, when it became Johnson Air Force base of the United States Air Force during and after the occupation of Japan. Johnson AB was completely returned to the Government of Japan in 1978.

Currently, Iruma Air Base is home to the Air Defense Command Headquarters Flight Group. Aircraft located at the base include the U-4, NAMC YS-11, T-4, and Kawasaki C-1. Its annual air show on the November 3rd Culture Day holiday is a popular public event.
Zot!
Zot! is a comic book created by Scott McCloud in 1984 and published by Eclipse Comics until 1990 as a lighthearted alternative to the darker and more violent comics that dominated the industry during that period. There were a total of 36 issues, with the first ten in color and the remainder in black and white.

Chuck Austen
Chuck Austen (born Chuck Beckum) is an American comic book writer and artist, television writer and producer. In the comics industry, he is known for his work on U.S. War Machine, The Avengers, JLA, Action Comics and the X-Men franchise. In television, he is known for co-creating the animated TV series Tripping the Rift, producing the first season of Steven Universe, and acting as a co-showrunner on She-Ra and the Princesses of Power.
The Young Guard (film)
The Young Guard (Russian: Молодая гвардия, romanized: Molodaya Gvardiya) is a two-part 1948 Soviet film directed by Sergei Gerasimov and based on the 1946 novel of the same title by Alexander Fadeyev. In 1949 a Stalin Prize for this film was awarded to Gerasimov, cinematographer Vladimir Rapoport, and the leading actors.

The film was the highest grossing Soviet film of 1948, with approximately 48,600,000 tickets sold.

Alexander Fadeyev (writer)
Alexander Alexandrovich Fadeyev (Russian: Алекса́ндр Алекса́ндрович Фаде́ев; 24 December [O.S. 11 December] 1901 – 13 May 1956) was a Soviet writer, one of the co-founders of the Union of Soviet Writers and its chairman from 1946 to 1954.
John Carroll Lynch
John Carroll Lynch (born August 1, 1963) is an American character actor and film director. He first gained notice for his role as Norm Gunderson in Fargo (1996). He is also known for his television work on the ABC sitcom The Drew Carey Show (1997–2004) as the title character's cross-dressing brother, Steve Carey, as well as on four seasons of American Horror Story (2014–2019), most notably as breakout character Twisty the Clown. His films include Face/Off (1997), Mercury Rising (1998) Gothika (2003),  Zodiac (2007), Gran Torino (2008), Shutter Island (2010), Crazy, Stupid, Love (2011), Ted 2 (2015), The Invitation (2015), The Founder (2016), and The Trial of the Chicago 7 (2020). He made his directorial debut with the 2017 film Lucky.

The Invitation (2015 film)
The Invitation is a 2015 American psychological horror-thriller film
directed by Karyn Kusama and written by Phil Hay and Matt Manfredi, starring Logan Marshall-Green, Tammy Blanchard, Michiel Huisman, and Emayatzy Corinealdi. It premiered March 13, 2015 at the SXSW film festival and began a limited release on April 8, 2016, and through video on demand, by Drafthouse Films.
Roger Salmon (banker)
Roger Salmon came to prominence as an investment banker and became the first Director of Passenger Rail Franchising, who presided over the creation of the franchising system for the newly privatised British railway system.  He is the father of Felix Salmon.  He became bursar of King's College, Cambridge, was suspended in 2004, but the college was forced to pay compensation after conceding 'that Roger Salmon "acted with propriety and complete integrity" throughout his time at the college'.

Director of Passenger Rail Franchising
The Director of Passenger Rail Franchising was a statutory office holder in the United Kingdom created in 1993 by the Railways Act 1993 and usually called the Franchising Director. The role lasted from 5 November 1993 until 31 January 2001. The Franchising Director was in charge of an executive agency called the Office of Passenger Rail Franchising (OPRAF). It was superseded by the Strategic Rail Authority.
Broome, Shropshire
Broome (/bruːm/) (historically: Broom) is a small village in south Shropshire, England.

It has a railway station on the Heart of Wales Line, and is near to Aston on Clun, Clungunford and the small market town of Craven Arms. There is a pub — the Engine and Tender — currently closed. The River Clun flows nearby.

It is part of the civil parish of Hopesay.

Broome railway station
Broome railway station serves the villages of Broome and Aston on Clun in Shropshire, England. It is on the Heart of Wales Line 22+3⁄4 miles (36.6 km) south west of Shrewsbury. Trains that serve the station are operated by Transport for Wales.
Cordillera Central (Colombia)
The Cordillera Central (English: Central Ranges) is the highest of the three branches of the Colombian Andes. The range extends from south to north dividing from the Colombian Massif in Cauca Department to the Serranía de San Lucas in Bolívar Departments. The highest peak is Nevado del Huila at 5,364 m (17,598 ft).

Significant graphite resources exist in Cordillera Central in the form of graphite-bearing schists.

Cauca Department
Cauca Department (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkawka], Spanish: Departamento del Cauca) is a department of Southwestern Colombia. Located in the southwestern part of the country, facing the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Valle del Cauca Department to the north, Tolima Department to the northeast, Huila Department to the east, and Nariño Department to the south. Putumayo and Caqueta Departments border the southeast portion of Cauca Department as well. It covers a total area of 29,308 km2 (11,316 sq mi), the 13th largest in Colombia. Its capital is the city of Popayán. The offshore island of Malpelo belongs to the department. It is located in the southwest of the country, mainly in the Andean and Pacific regions (between 0°58′54″N and 3°19′04″N latitude, 75°47′36″W and 77°57′05″W longitude) plus a tiny part (Piamonte) in the Amazonian region. The area makes up 2.56% of the country.
Turing Foundation
The Turing Foundation is a Dutch charitable organization, based in Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

The Turing Foundation, named in honour of scientist Alan Turing, was established in 2006 by Pieter Geelen, who donated the €100 million he acquired from the IPO of TomTom, a company he co-founded.

The foundation contributes roughly €3,500,000 a year to projects that:

provide education for children in developing countries,

protect and conserve nature,

fight leprosy, and

allow people to enjoy art.

Pieter Geelen
Pieter Geelen (born 1964) is a Dutch entrepreneur.

Geelen was born in January 1964 in Hilversum as the oldest child of the illustrator Harrie Geelen and the children's author Imme Dros. In 1991, he dropped off his Ph.D. research in Computer Science at the Universiteit van Amsterdam to found a company called Palmtop Software with his former university mate Peter-Frans Pauwels. This company was later renamed TomTom.

With the €100,000,000 he acquired from TomTom's IPO in 2005, he established the Turing Foundation, a charitable organization.

In 2013, he founded the Mapcode Foundation, another charitable organization which offers the Mapcode system he invented in 2001 with Harold Goddijn.
III Corps (Continuation War)
The III Corps (Finnish: III Armeijakunta, III AK) was a corps of the Finnish Army during the Continuation War, where Finland fought alongside Nazi Germany against the Soviet Union. Formed from the peacetime V Corps and subordinated to the German Army High Command Norway, III Corps fought initially in northern Finland on the flank of the German XXXVI Corps, participating in the Finno-German Operation Arctic Fox. In February 1944, it was moved to the Karelian Isthmus just prior to the launch of the Soviet Vyborg–Petrozavodsk offensive. Following the Moscow Armistice, III Corps took overall command of the Finnish forces participating in the Lapland War, the removal of German forces from northern Finland.

Finnish Army
The Finnish Army (Finnish: Maavoimat [ˈmɑːˌʋoi̯mɑt], Swedish: Armén) is the land forces branch of the Finnish Defence Forces. The Finnish Army is divided into six branches: infantry (which includes armoured units), field artillery, anti-aircraft artillery, engineers, signals, and materiel troops. The commander of the Finnish Army as of 1 January 2022 is Lieutenant General Pasi Välimäki.