hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mitsubishi Materials
Mitsubishi Materials Corporation (三菱マテリアル株式会社, Mitsubishi Materiaru Kabushiki-gaisha), or MMC, is a Japanese company that manufactures cement products, copper and aluminum products, cemented carbide tools, and electronic materials. It is one of the core companies of Mitsubishi Group.

The company is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and the Osaka Securities Exchange, and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 stock market index.

In 2018 Mitsubishi Materials admitted that five of its subsidiaries, Mitsubishi Cable Industries Ltd., Mitsubishi Shindoh Co., Mitsubishi Aluminum Co., Tachibana Metal MFG Co. and Diamet Corp., had falsified quality data over the past three years on shipments including aluminium and automotive components. Mitsubishi Materials has started investigations at about 120 factories in its group.

Nikkei 225
The Nikkei 225, or the Nikkei Stock Average (Japanese: 日経平均株価, Hepburn: Nikkei heikin kabuka), more commonly called the Nikkei or the Nikkei index (/ˈnɪkeɪ, ˈniː-, nɪˈkeɪ/), is a stock market index for the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE).  It is a price-weighted index, operating in the Japanese Yen (JP¥), and its components are reviewed twice a year. The Nikkei 225 measures the performance of 225 highly capitalised and liquid publicly owned companies in Japan from a wide array of industry sectors. Since 2017, the index is calculated every five seconds. It was originally launched by the Tokyo Stock Exchange in 1950, and was taken over by the Nihon Keizai Shimbun (The Nikkei) newspaper in 1970, when the Tokyo Exchange switched to the Tokyo Stock Price Index (TOPIX), which is weighed by market capitalisation rather than stock prices.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 554
United Nations Security Council resolution 554, adopted on 17 August 1984, after recalling 473 (1980), the Council condemned the 1984 general election in South Africa and the adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act (110 of 1983).

The Council stated that the constitution was against the United Nations Charter and declared the elections and constitution both null and void as it would further entrench minority rule in the country. The resolution also urged Member States and international organisations not to accord recognition to the elections, stating that the total eradication of apartheid and the establishment of democracy in South Africa would lead to a just and lasting solution to the "explosive situation" in the country.

The resolution, which required the Secretary-General to monitor its implementation, was approved by 13 votes to none against, while the United Kingdom and United States abstained from voting.

1984 South African general election
General elections were held in South Africa in August 1984 to elect coloured and Indian representatives to their respective houses of the Tricameral Parliament. The coloured elections for the House of Representatives took place on 22 August, and resulted in a victory for the Labour Party, headed by the Reverend Allan Hendrickse, which won 76 of the 80 seats. The Indian elections for the House of Delegates were held on 28 August and saw the National People's Party emerge as the largest party, winning 18 of the 40 seats. The Indian elections were opposed by the United Democratic Front and were marked by boycotts and protests. Despite the Prohibition of Political Interference Act of 1968 which banned mixed-race political parties, nine Indian members of Hendrickse's Labour Party stood as independents, one of whom won a seat and subsequently joined the NPP.
Kurdistan Democratic Party
The Kurdistan Democratic Party (Kurdish: پارتی دیموکراتی کوردستان, romanized: Partiya Demokrat a Kurdistanê), usually abbreviated as KDP or PDK, is the ruling party in Iraqi Kurdistan and the senior partner in the Kurdistan Regional Government. It was founded in 1946 in Mahabad in Iranian Kurdistan. The party states that it combines "democratic values and social justice to form a system whereby everyone in Kurdistan can live on an equal basis with great emphasis given to rights of individuals and freedom of expression."

The KDP is dominated by the Barzani tribe and the party's stated ideologies are conservatism, secularism, and Kurdish nationalism.

Kirkuk
Kirkuk (Arabic: كركوك; Kurdish: کەرکووک, romanized: Kerkûk; Syriac: ܟܪܟܘܟ, romanized: Kerkouk; Turkish: Kerkük) is a major city in northern Iraq, serving as the capital of the Kirkuk Governorate. The city is home to a diverse population of Kurds, Iraqi Turkmens and Arabs. Kirkuk sits on the ruins of the original Kirkuk Citadel which sits near the Khasa River.

It is described by the Kurdish leader and former Iraqi president Jalal Talabani as “the Jerusalem of Kurdistan” even though it is not part of Iraqi Kurdistan region, while it is seen by the Turkmen activist Fatih Salah as the cultural and historical capital of Iraqi Turkmens. The government of Iraq states that Kirkuk represents a small version of Iraq due to its diverse population, and that the city is a model for coexistence in the country.
Guy Court
Guy Court is an American comedy court show television series and the third spin-off to Guy Code. The series premiered on November 6, 2013, and aired on MTV2. Guy Court handles a variety of cases where the "guy code" was violated. Donnell Rawlings serves as the "judge" with Melanie Iglesias as the "bailiff". Various cast members from Guy Code serve as lawyers.

Donnell Rawlings
Donnell M. Rawlings (born December 6, 1968) is an American comedian, actor, and radio host. He is best known as a cast member on the Comedy Central sketch comedy TV series Chappelle's Show and the HBO drama The Wire.
Pipi Raho
Pipi Raho (born 4 March 1988) is a Papua New Guinean cricketer. He made his One Day International debut on 8 November 2014 against Hong Kong in Australia. His Twenty20 International debut in February 2016 was against Ireland in Australia.

Hong Kong cricket team against Papua New Guinea in Australia in 2014–15
The Hong Kong cricket team and Papua New Guinea cricket team toured Australia from 8 to 13 November 2014, playing two One Day Internationals (ODI) and a three-day match. These were the first ODI matches to be played by Papua New Guinea since being granted ODI status by the International Cricket Council. Papua New Guinea won the ODI series 2–0, becoming the first country to win their first two ODI matches. The matches were played at the Tony Ireland Stadium in Townsville, which had recently been accredited as an international venue by the ICC.
Bad Liebenzell
Bad Liebenzell (German: [baːt ˌliːbm̩ˈtsɛl] ⓘ; Swabian: Bad Liabazell) is a spa town in the Nagold River valley, the northern part of the Black Forest. It was first mentioned in 1090 and is the heart of the Liebenzeller Mission (a religious movement).

Bad Liebenzell is part of the Calw district; it in turn comprises seven sub-districts besides the town itself: Möttlingen, Unterhaugstett, Monakam, Beinberg, Unterlengenhardt und Maisenbach-Zainen. Bad Liebenzell has also had an alliance with Villaines-la-Juhel in France since 1992.

Black Forest
The Black Forest (German: Schwarzwald [ˈʃvaʁtsvalt] ⓘ) is a large forested mountain range in the state of Baden-Württemberg in southwest Germany, bounded by the Rhine Valley to the west and south and close to the borders with France and Switzerland. It is the source of the Danube and Neckar rivers.

Its highest peak is the Feldberg with an elevation of 1,493 metres (4,898 ft) above sea level. Roughly oblong in shape, with a length of 160 kilometres (100 miles) and breadth of up to 50 km (30 mi), it has an area of about 6,009 km2 (2,320 sq mi).

Historically, the area was known for forestry and the mining of ore deposits, but tourism has now become the primary industry, accounting for around 300,000 jobs. There are several ruined military fortifications dating back to the 17th century.
State microbe
A state microbe is a microorganism used as an official state symbol. Several U.S. states have honored microorganisms by nominating them to become official state symbols.  The first state to declare an Official State Microbe is Oregon which chose Saccharomyces cerevisiae (brewer's or baker's yeast) as the Official Microbe of the State of Oregon in 2013 for its significance to the craft beer industry in Oregon. One of the first proponents of State Microbes was microbiologist Moselio Schaechter, who, in 2010, commented on Official Microbes for the American Society for Microbiology's blog "Small Things Considered" as well as on National Public Radio's "All Things Considered".

Flavobacterium akiainvivens
Flavobacterium akiainvivens, or koʻohonua ʻili akia, (literally "ʻākia bark bacteria") is a species of gram-negative bacteria in the Flavobacteriaceae family.  The specific epithet akiainvivens is Latin (akia in vivens) and literally means "living on or in ʻākia."  It was isolated originally from decaying wood of the endemic Hawai'ian shrub ʻākia (Wikstroemia oahuensis).

Flavobacterium akiainvivens was discovered by Iris Kuo when she was just a high school student at ʻIolani School.  She and her coauthors determined that it shares a clade with Flavobacterium rivuli and Flavobacterium subsaxonicum.
Sultan Ahmad Shah II Bridge
Sultan Ahmad Shah II Bridge or Semantan Bridge is the longest highway bridge in the East Coast Expressway network. It bridges the Pahang River in Pahang, Malaysia. This 700 m (2,300 ft) bridge was opened when the East Coast Expressway was built. It crosses the Pahang River, the longest river in west Malaysia. At the entrance of the bridge there are 2 elephant trunks which symbolize Pahang. There also many colorful lights around this bridge. This bridge was opened by Sultan of Pahang, Sultan Ahmad Shah on 22 April 2004. Near the bridge is the Temerloh Rest and Service Area (both bound).

Ahmad Shah of Pahang
Ahmad Shah Al-Musta’in Billah ibni Almarhum Sultan Abu Bakar Ri’ayatuddin Al-Mu’azzam Shah (Jawi: المرحوم سلطان حاج أحمد شاه المستعين بالله إبن المرحوم سلطان أبو بكر رعاية الدين المعظم شاه; 24 October 1930 – 22 May 2019) was Sultan of Pahang from 1974 until his abdication in 2019, and the seventh Yang di-Pertuan Agong (King of Malaysia), from 1979 to 1984. His abdication as sultan was decided by the Royal Council at an extraordinary meeting on 11 January 2019. A special amendment was made to the state constitution that gave the body more power for this decision, citing the Sultan's incapability to rule due to his failing health. The abdication was announced the next day which was retroactively effective on the day of the Royal Council meeting, paving the way to his son, Abdullah to succeed him as sultan immediately, and subsequently be elected as the next Yang di-Pertuan Agong later the same month.
Zweibrücken Observatory
Zweibrücken Observatory (German: Volkssternwarte Zweibrücken), or the Zweibrück Observatory of the Natural Science Association, is a public observatory in Zweibrücken, Germany. Its dome was painted to resemble the Star Wars character R2-D2 in 2018.

Zweibrücken
Zweibrücken (German: [ˈtsvaɪˌbʁʏkŋ̍] ⓘ; French: Deux-Ponts [dø pɔ̃]; Palatine German: Zweebrigge [ˈtsʋeːbʁɪgə]; literally translated as "Two Bridges") is a town in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, on the Schwarzbach River.
Pabbay, Barra Isles
Pabbay (Scottish Gaelic: Pabaigh) is one of the Barra Isles at the southern end of the Outer Hebrides of Scotland. The name comes from Papey, which is Norse for "island of the papar" (i.e. monks). At only 250 hectares (1 sq mi), it never had a large population, and, after all the able-bodied men were killed in a fierce storm while out on a fishing trip on 1 May 1897, it was abandoned in the early twentieth century.

The National Trust for Scotland has owned the island since 2000. With only two sheep left on the island in July 2007 and few, if any, other permanent mammalian residents, Pabbay is consequently home in summer to many ground-nesting birds due to the absence of predators.

The island was the site of a Celtic hermitage, and a Pictish carved stone dates from that period. Remains of an Iron Age settlement can also been seen on Pabbay.

The name of Pabbay is used for one of the three houses of Castlebay Community School. The other two are Mingulay and Sandray.

Papar
The Papar (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈpʰaːpar̥]; from Latin papa, via Old Irish, meaning "father" or "pope") were Irish monks who took eremitic residence in parts of Iceland before that island's habitation by the Norsemen of Scandinavia. Their existence is attested by the early Icelandic sagas and recent archaeological findings.
Yara Kastelijn
Yara Kastelijn (born 9 August 1997) is a Dutch racing cyclist, who currently competes in cyclo-cross for UCI Cyclo-cross Team Credishop–Fristads, and in road cycling for UCI Women's WorldTeam Fenix–Deceuninck.

In 2019, she won the elite race at the European Cyclo-cross Championships. In 2023, Kastelijn won stage 4 at the Tour de France Femmes, as well as holding the polka dot jersey of the mountains classification for 3 stages.

2023 Tour de France Femmes, Stage 1 to Stage 8
The 2023 Tour de France Femmes (officially Tour de France Femmes avec Zwift) was the second edition of the Tour de France Femmes. The race took place from 23 to 30 July 2023, and was the 21st race in the 2023 UCI Women's World Tour calendar.
2025 National League Division Series
The 2025 National League Division Series (NLDS) were the two best-of-five playoff series in Major League Baseball's (MLB) 2025 postseason to determine the participating teams of the 2025 National League Championship Series (NLCS). These matchups are:

(1) Milwaukee Brewers (NL Central champions) vs. (4) Chicago Cubs (Wild Card Series winner): Brewers won the series, 3–2.

(2) Philadelphia Phillies (NL East champions) vs. (3) Los Angeles Dodgers (Wild Card Series winner): Dodgers won the series, 3–1.

The team with the better regular season record (higher seed) of each series hosted Games 1, 2, and (if necessary) 5, while the lower seeded team hosted Game 3 and (if necessary) 4.

Tommy Edman
Thomas Hyunsu Edman (Korean: 곽현수; Hanja: 郭賢洙; born May 9, 1995), is an American professional baseball utility player for the Los Angeles Dodgers of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the St. Louis Cardinals. Edman also represents the South Korean national team in international competition.

Born in Pontiac, Michigan, and raised in San Diego, Edman played college baseball for the Stanford Cardinal for three seasons before the Cardinals selected him in the sixth round of the 2016 Major League Baseball draft. He played in their minor league system before making his MLB debut in 2019 and quickly becoming a part of their starting lineup, playing various infield and outfield positions. He won a Gold Glove Award as the National League's top defensive second baseman in 2021. The Cardinals traded Edman to the Dodgers at the 2024 trade deadline, where he won NLCS MVP honors and helped the Dodgers win the 2024 World Series.
Gerrie Naughton
Catherine "Gerrie" Naughton (1942–2009) was a Roman Catholic nun of the Sisters of Mercy (RSM). In 1987 she founded ARISE Adelante to serve people, mostly women and children, living in the unincorporated colonias (low-income, informal communities sometimes called slums) of the Rio Grande Valley. Members of ARISE receive assistance for a period of time but then must volunteer back to the community in a distributive leadership model. Naughton's motto was "ARISE does not do for the people what the people can do for themselves."

ARISE Adelante
ARISE Adelante is a nonprofit serving women and children in unincorporated colonias (very low-income, informal communities) in South Texas. ARISE stands for A Resource In Serving Equality. It was founded by Roman Catholic sister Gerrie Naughton in 1987 in conjunction with women from the local community. ARISE assists new members for a while, but then they must agree to volunteer back to the community, working in a distributive leadership model. Its motto, from its founder, is "ARISE does not do for the people what the people can do for themselves." It is cosponsored by the Sisters of Charity and the Sisters of Mercy of the Incarnate Word.
Automatic Electric
Automatic Electric Company (A.E. Co.) was an American telephone equipment supplier primarily for independent telephone companies in North America, but also had a worldwide presence. With its line of automatic telephone exchanges, it was also a long-term supplier of switching equipment to the Bell System, starting in 1919.
The company was the largest manufacturing unit of the Automatic Electric Group. In 1955, the company was acquired by General Telephone and Electronics (GT&E). After numerous reorganization within GTE, the company's assets came under the umbrella of Lucent in the 1990s, and subsequently part of Nokia.

Independent telephone company
An independent telephone company was a telephone company providing local service in the United States or Canada that was not part of the Bell System organized by American Telephone and Telegraph. Independent telephone companies usually operated in many rural or sparsely populated areas.
Mohammad Arif Noorzai
Mohammad Arif Noorzai (born 1959) is the former minister of Border and Tribe Affairs for Afghanistan.  He was elected to represent Kandahar Province in Afghanistan's Wolesi Jirga, the lower house of its National Legislature, in 2005. He is the first deputy speaker of Afghanistan Wolesi Jirga and his current position is the Advisor of President Hamid Karzai for security and tribal affairs
He is a member of the Pashtun ethnic group, and the Noorzai tribe.
A report on Kandahar prepared at the Navy Postgraduate School stated he is first deputy speaker, and that he is related to President Hamid Karzai through marriage, and that he is a high school graduate.

Kandahar Province
Kandahar is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the southern part of the country, sharing a border with Balochistan, Pakistan, to the south. It is surrounded by Helmand in the west, Uruzgan in the north and Zabul Province in the east. Its capital is the city of Kandahar, Afghanistan's second largest city, located on the Arghandab River. The greater region surrounding the province is called Loy Kandahar. The Emir of Afghanistan sends orders to Kabul from Kandahar making it the de facto capital of Afghanistan, although the main government body operates in Kabul. All meetings with the Emir take place in Kandahar, meetings excluding the Emir are in Kabul.

The province contains about 18 districts, over 1,000 villages, and approximately 1,431,876 people (the 6th most populous province), which is mostly tribal and a rural society. The main inhabitants of Kandahar province are the ethnic Baloch people followed by Tajiks, Pashtuns, Uzbeks, Turkmens and Hazaras.
Joe Hill (song)
"Joe Hill", also known as "I Dreamed I Saw Joe Hill Last Night", is a folk song named after the labor activist Joe Hill. It was originally written as a poem by Alfred Hayes  and then composed into music by Earl Robinson in 1936. The song recounts a dream in which Joe Hill appears and claims he never died despite being framed for murder and shot by "the copper bosses." He tells the dreamer, "From San Diego up to Maine / In every mine and mill / Where workers strike and organize / It's there you'll find Joe Hill."

Alfred Hayes (writer)
Alfred Hayes (18 April 1911 – 14 August 1985) was an American screenwriter, television writer, novelist, and poet, who worked in Italy as well as the United States. His well-known poem about "Joe Hill" ("I dreamed I saw Joe Hill last night") was set to music by Earl Robinson, and performed by Pete Seeger, Joan Baez, Paul Robeson, and many other artists.
University of Greifswald
The University of Greifswald (German: [ˈɡʁaɪfsvalt]; German: Universität Greifswald), formerly known as Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University of Greifswald, is a public research university located in Greifswald, Germany, in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Founded in 1456, it is one of the oldest universities in Europe, with generations of notable alumni and staff having studied or worked in Greifswald. As the fourth oldest university in present Germany, it was temporarily also the oldest university of the Kingdoms of Sweden (1648–1815) and Prussia (1815–1945), respectively. Approximately two-thirds of the 10,179 students are from outside the state, including international students from 90 countries all over the world.

Johannes Bugenhagen
Johannes Bugenhagen (24 June 1485 – 20 April 1558), also called Doctor Pomeranus by Martin Luther, was a German theologian and Lutheran priest who introduced the Protestant Reformation in the Duchy of Pomerania and Denmark in the 16th century. Contributions of Karlstadt and Luther to the translation of theology into social legislation were most fully realized by Bugenhagen. Among his major accomplishments was organization of Lutheran churches in Northern Germany and Scandinavia. He has also been called the "Second Apostle of the North".

Johannes Bugenhagen was pastor to Martin Luther at St. Mary's church in Wittenberg. He is also commemorated in the Calendar of Saints of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod as a pastor on 20 April.
Carol Gorman
Carol Gorman (born February 16, 1952) is an American writer of children's fiction. She originally aspired to be an actress, and for a few years taught seventh grade at an Iowan middle school. Inspired by her husband and fellow author, Ed Gorman, she began writing in the mid-1980s. With over 22 books published under several names, Carol Gorman continues to write and teach.

Ed Gorman (writer)
Edward Joseph Gorman Jr. (November 2, 1941 – October 14, 2016) was an American writer and short fiction anthologist. He published in almost every genre, but is best known for his work in the crime, mystery, western, and horror fields. His non-fiction work has been published in such publications as The New York Times and Redbook.

He contributed to many magazines and other publications, including Xero, Black Lizard, Mystery Scene, Cemetery Dance, and the anthology Tales of Zorro.
Annales maximi
The Annales maximi were annals kept by the pontifex maximus during the Roman Republic. The chief priest of the Capitoline would record key public events and the names of each of the magistrates. He would keep a detailed record and publish an abbreviated version on a white board (tabula dealbata) outside the Regia or the Domus Publica.

Cicero refers to the practice explicitly, and Cato condemned the apparent triviality and superstition of it (as well as the fact that it kept track of bad news, such as famines). The earliest records were accounts of mythological events, which gave credence to Cato's rejection.  However, early Roman historians used the Annales maximi extensively, and legitimate records went, according to Cicero, to 400 BC.  By the time of the Gracchi (~130 BC), when the annal ceased, it filled eighty books. The collection was published by pontifex maximus Publius Mucius Scaevola.

Annals
Annals (Latin: annāles, from annus, "year") are a concise historical record in which events are arranged chronologically, year by year, although the term is also used loosely for any historical record.