hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Telecommunications in Iceland
Telecommunications in Iceland is a diversified market. Iceland has a highly developed telecommunications sector with modern infrastructure. Multiple wholesale and retail providers are operated in a competitive market. As of 2024, Iceland's telecom infrastructure is fully digitised and mostly fibre based, with 93% of households having full-fibre availability. Landlines are based on VoIP technology. Mobile telecoms in Iceland adheres to the GSM standard and 2G, 3G, 4G and 5G services are available, as well as a TETRA network for emergency communications. Iceland is connected by four submarine cables to both Europe and North America. Broadcasting is based on DVB-T2 standard for television and FM for radio. There are a few printed newspapers, although most mass media is consumed online. Postal service is provided under universal obligation by the state-owned Iceland Post, but other private postal companies also operate.

Nova (Iceland)
Nova, stylised as NOVA, is an Icelandic telecommunications company that began operations on December 1, 2007. Nova owns and operates its own 3G/4G/5G mobile network and offers FTTH fibre internet services through bit-stream access.

Nova ehf. was established in May 2006. At the end of March 2007, Nova received a 3G operating license and then officially opened on December 1, 2007. On April 4, 2013, Nova launched 4G/LTE service, the first for an Icelandic telephone company. On the 5th of May 2020 (05.05.2020), Nova launched its 5G network, again a first for Iceland. Nova's initial growth is attributed to its offer of free calls and SMS between its own subscribers, popular with younger consumers. Nova is the 2nd largest mobile phone company in Iceland with 32.9% market share in 2020 according to Electronic Communications Office of Iceland.
Fashion Malawi Edition
Fashion Malawi Edition (Fame) was an organization in Malawi that worked to market and develop the local fashion industry.

It was founded in 2010 by Zilanie Gondwe and Inge Knapen to build a fashion in industry in Malawi after identifying voids in a previously underdeveloped industry. In 2010, the first Malawi Fashion Show was held with Lily Alfonso winning. The event was repeated in 2012 and in 2013, with sponsorship from Kia. Fame organized a fashion show as a part of the Africa Movie Academy Awards nomination gala that took place in Malawi in March 2013.

Lily Alfonso
Lilly Alfonso is a Malawian fashion designer. Fashion was one of her interests as a child, leading her to eventually become the CEO and founder of a fashion and design label named after herself. Her designs have been modelled in fashion shows in places such as London and Kuala Lumpur. Her label produces ready-to-wear clothing for both women and men under sub-labels LAwomann and LAmann.

She won the Fashion Malawi Edition (FAME) Fashion Designer of the Year award in 2010. For two consecutive years (2019-2020) she was awarded the International Fashion Designer Award in Cairo, Egypt for her contributions to the industry. She also received a Fashion Living Legend Award at the 2020 UMP awards in Blantyre, Malawi. She has been interviewed by CNN, VOA and the BBC.

She has established the "100-Year Plan", aimed at educating and encouraging young people. She also offers free fashion and design lessons.
So You Think
So You Think (10 November 2006 – 20 October 2025) was a New Zealand-bred Thoroughbred racehorse, majority-owned by Coolmore Stud of Ireland. So You Think came to prominence through winning the 2009 and 2010 Cox Plates, Australia's premier weight for age race. His first Cox Plate win was at only his fifth career start. His second Cox Plate win came at just his tenth career start. He started as favourite for the 2010 Melbourne Cup but finished third, in his first race past 2,040 metres. So You Think was inducted into the Australian Racing Hall of Fame in 2019.

W. S. Cox Plate
The W. S. Cox Plate is a Group 1 Thoroughbred horse race for horses aged three years old and over under Weight for age conditions, over a distance of 2040 metres (approximately 1m 2f), that is held by the Moonee Valley Racing Club at Moonee Valley Racecourse, Melbourne, Australia in late October. The race has a purse of A$6,000,000.
Magnus's green salt
Magnus's green salt is the inorganic compound with the formula [Pt(NH3)4][PtCl4]. This salt is named after Heinrich Gustav Magnus, who, in the early 1830s, first reported the compound. The compound is a linear chain compound, consisting of a chain of platinum atoms. It is dark green, which is unusual for platinum compounds.

Heinrich Gustav Magnus
Heinrich Gustav Magnus (German: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç ˈɡʊstaːf ˈmaːɡnʊs]; 2 May 1802 – 4 April 1870) was a German experimental scientist. His training was mostly in chemistry but his later research was mostly in physics. He spent the great bulk of his career at the University of Berlin, where he is remembered for his laboratory teaching as much as for his original research. He did not use his first given name, and was known throughout his life as Gustav Magnus.
Ben Ulenga
Ben Ulenga (born Benjamin Crispus Ulenga on 22 June 1952) is a Namibian trade unionist, politician, and diplomat. In the 1990s, he served under the SWAPO government as a deputy minister and as an ambassador, but he left SWAPO in 1998 and founded an opposition party, the Congress of Democrats (CoD), in 1999. He was a member of the National Assembly of Namibia from 2000 to 2015 and led the CoD until 2015.

1999 Namibian general election
General elections were held in Namibia on 30 November and 1 December 1999 to elect a president and the National Assembly. Voting took place over two days, after the Commission was persuaded by protests from political parties that a single polling day would be insufficient to accommodate travel to polling stations by voters in remote areas.

Incumbent president Sam Nujoma of SWAPO was re-elected with over 76% of the vote, whilst SWAPO won 55 of the 72 elected seats in the National Assembly.
Alto Tajo Nature Reserve
Alto Tajo Nature Reserve (Spanish: Parque natural del Alto Tajo) is a Natural Reserve in Guadalajara Province of Spain. The park is famous for its canyons and gorges formed by the Tagus river and its tributaries which flow through the park, besides its pine forests and imposing cliffs. The park provides the setting for José Luis Sampedro's novel El río que nos lleva (1961). The park was also one of the filming locations of Game of Thrones (season 6).

Tagus
The Tagus (/ˈteɪɡəs/ TAY-gəs; Spanish: Tajo [ˈtaxo] ⓘ; Portuguese: Tejo [ˈtɛʒu]) is the longest river in the Iberian Peninsula. The river rises in the Montes Universales between Cuenca and Teruel, in mid-eastern Spain, flows 1,007 km (626 mi), generally westward, and empties into the Atlantic Ocean at Lisbon.
7z
7z is a compressed archive file format that supports several different data compression, encryption and pre-processing algorithms.  The 7z format initially appeared as implemented by the 7-Zip archiver.  The 7-Zip program is publicly available under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License.  The LZMA SDK 4.62 was placed in the public domain in December 2008.  The latest stable version of 7-Zip and LZMA SDK is version 25.01.

The 7z file format specification is distributed with 7-Zip's source code since 2015. The specification can be found in plain text format in the "doc" sub-directory of the source code distribution.

Archive file
An archive file stores the content of one or more computer files, possibly compressed and/or encrypted, with associated metadata such as file name, directory structure, error detection and correction information, and commentary. An archive file is often used to facilitate portability, distribution and backup, and to reduce storage use. An archive file is usually generated and modified via a file archiver utility.
Colonial House (TV series)
Colonial House is an American reality series produced by Thirteen/WNET New York and Wall to Wall Television in the United Kingdom, following the success of The 1900 House, an exercise in vicarious "experiential history" that is characteristic of an attempt to provide an educational version of popular reality television. It aired on PBS in the United States and on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom in 2004.

WNET
WNET (channel 13), branded on-air as Thirteen (stylized as THIRTEEN), is a primary PBS member television station licensed to Newark, New Jersey, United States, serving the New York City area. Owned by The WNET Group (formerly known as the Educational Broadcasting Corporation and later as WNET.org), it is a sister station to the area's secondary PBS member, Garden City, New York–licensed WLIW (channel 21), NPR member WLIW-FM (88.3) in Southampton, and two class A stations: WMBQ-CD (channel 46), and WNDT-CD (channel 14, which shares spectrum with WNET). The WNET Group also operates New Jersey's PBS state network NJ PBS, and the website NJ Spotlight through an outsourcing agreement.

WNET and WLIW share studios at One Worldwide Plaza in Midtown Manhattan; WNET's transmitter is located at One World Trade Center.
Karl Deffner
Karl Ludwig Deffner (8 February 1817 in Esslingen am Neckar – 11 June 1877 in Esslingen am Neckar) was a German manufacturer, politician and geologist. He was the son of manufacturer and politician, Carl Christian Ulrich Deffner (1789–1846).

Esslingen am Neckar
Esslingen am Neckar (German pronunciation: [ˈɛslɪŋən ʔam ˈnɛkaʁ], lit. 'Esslingen on the Neckar'; Alemannic German: Esslenga; until 16 October 1964 officially  Eßlingen am Neckar) is a city in the Stuttgart Region of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany, seat of the District of Esslingen. Within Baden-Württemberg it is the 10th largest city.

It is located on the river Neckar, about 14 kilometres (9 miles) southeast of Stuttgart city center. The regions surrounding the city of Esslingen are also mostly developed.

Esslingen is first mentioned in written records in the 8th century. From 1181, it was a Free Imperial City. In 1803, the city lost its independence and was incorporated into the Duchy of Württemberg. Industrialization in the 19th century led to economic growth and significantly shaped the city’s development.

The German Timber-Frame Road passes through the city.
Good faith
In human interactions, good faith (Latin: bona fidēs) is a sincere intention to be fair, open, and honest, regardless of the outcome of the interaction. It is an important concept within law and business. The opposed concepts are bad faith, mala fides (duplicity) and perfidy (pretense).

Perfidy
In the context of war, perfidy is a form of deceptive tactic where one side pretends to act in good faith, such as signaling a truce (e.g., raising a white flag), but does so with the deliberate intention of breaking that promise. The goal is to trick the enemy into lowering its guard, such as stepping out of cover to accept a supposed surrender, only to exploit its vulnerability.

Perfidy constitutes a breach of the laws of war as it degrades the protections and mutual restraints developed in the interest of all parties, combatants and civilians.
Veli Jože
Veli Jože is a novel by the Croatian author Vladimir Nazor, first published in 1908. Taking place on the Istrian peninsula during Venetian Republican rule, the story tells about Jože, a friendly and good-hearted giant. Veli Jože is one of the most famous works of Vladimir Nazor.

Vladimir Nazor
Vladimir Nazor (30 May 1876 – 19 June 1949) was a Croatian poet and politician. During and after World War II in Yugoslavia, he served as the first President of the Presidency of the Croatian Parliament (Croatian head of state), and first Speaker of the Croatian Parliament.

Nazor is a well-known poet, writer, translator, and humanist. He was not an active politician until 1941, but had a significant political influence through ethical aspects of his work during prewar Kingdom of Yugoslavia.
Infrared sauna
An infrared sauna uses infrared heaters to emit infrared light experienced as radiant heat which is absorbed by the surface of the skin. Infrared saunas are popular in alternative therapies, where they are claimed to help with a number of medical issues including autism, cancer, and COVID-19, but these claims are entirely pseudoscientific. Traditional saunas differ from infrared saunas in that they heat the body primarily by conduction and convection from the heated air and by radiation of the heated surfaces in the sauna room whereas infrared saunas primarily use just radiation.

Infrared saunas are also used in Infrared Therapy and Waon Therapy; while there is a small amount of preliminary evidence that these therapies correlate with a number of benefits, including reduced blood pressure, increased heart rate and increased left ventricular function, there are several problems with linking this evidence to alleged health benefits.

Infrared heater
An infrared heater or heat lamp is a heating appliance containing a high-temperature emitter that transfers energy to a cooler object through electromagnetic radiation. Depending on the temperature of the emitter, the wavelength of the peak of the infrared radiation ranges from 750 nm to 1 mm. No contact or medium between the emitter and cool object is needed for the energy transfer. Infrared heaters can be operated in vacuum or atmosphere.

One classification of infrared heaters is by the wavelength bands of infrared emission.

Short wave or near infrared for the range from 750 nm to 1.4 μm; these emitters are also named "bright" because still some visible light is emitted;

Medium infrared for the range between 1.4 μm and 3 μm;

Far infrared or dark emitters for everything above 3 μm.
HM Prison Holloway
HM Prison Holloway was a closed-category prison for adult women and young offenders in Holloway, London, England, operated by His Majesty's Prison Service. Opened in 1852 as a mixed-sex prison and made female-only in 1903, it was the largest women's prison in western Europe until its closure in 2016.

Mary Richardson
Mary Raleigh Richardson (1882/3 – 7 November 1961) was a Canadian suffragette active in the women's suffrage movement in the United Kingdom, an arsonist, a socialist parliamentary candidate and later head of the women's section of the British Union of Fascists (BUF) led by Sir Oswald Mosley.
When I Close My Eyes (Keith Palmer song)
"When I Close My Eyes" is a country music song written by Nettie Musick and Mark Alan Springer. It was originally recorded by Keith Palmer on his 1991 self-titled debut album, and later by Restless Heart singer Larry Stewart on his 1993 debut album Down the Road. Kenny Chesney later recorded it on his 1996 album, Me and You. Released in December 1996 as that album's third and final single, it peaked at #2 on the Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart, giving Chesney his fifth Top 40 country hit. Rhonda Vincent later covered the song on her album Back Home Again in 2000.

Keith Palmer (singer)
Keith Palmer (June 23, 1957 – June 13, 1996) was an American country music artist. He was born Bryon Keith Palmer on June 23, 1957, in Hayti, Missouri, United States, and was raised in Corning, Arkansas. His name was actually supposed to be "Byron", but there was a mistake on the birth certificate.

He began his music career in 1975 as pianist for the Dixie Echoes, where he remained for three years. In 1991, Palmer released an album for Epic Records which produced two singles: "Don't Throw Me in the Briarpatch" and "Forgotten but Not Gone", both of which entered the U.S. Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart (now Hot Country Songs). He also co-wrote Reba McEntire's 1991 single "For My Broken Heart". Palmer died of cancer on June 13, 1996, in White House, Tennessee, at age 38.
Cuyutlán
Cuyutlán is a  town in the Mexican state of Colima, on the Pacific Ocean. Cuyutlán belongs to the municipality of Armería. There is also a Lagoon of Cuyutlán, which belongs to Armería and Manzanillo, the main Mexican harbour on the Pacific Ocean. Sea salt is produced there and has been since pre Columbian times. The process of salt mining can be viewed at the Museum of Salt (el Museo de la Sal).

Cuyutlán's El Paraiso Beach is home to a turtle sanctuary dedicated to protecting and conserving 3 species of turtles. These turtles come to Colima's coastline to lay eggs.

Possible construction of a chemical plant producing ammonium and urea was announced in Cuyutlán. Various local groups including Unidos por Cuyutlán and Sociedad Cooperativa de Salineros del Estado de Colima oppose the construction of the chemical plant.

Fleur de sel
Fleur de sel ("flower of salt" in French; French pronunciation: [flœʁ də sɛl]) or flor de sal (in Portuguese, Spanish and Catalan) is a salt that forms as a thin, delicate crust on the surface of seawater as it evaporates. Fleur de sel has been collected since ancient times (it was mentioned by Pliny the Elder in his book Natural History), and was traditionally used as a purgative and salve. It is now used as a finishing salt to flavor and garnish food. The origin of the name is uncertain, but is perfectly in line with both meanings of fleur: flower, and the surface of something. The salt crust forms flower-like patterns of crystals which may contribute to the name.

Fleur de sel is a highly sought-after salt, used globally in high-end kitchens due to its long-lasting flavor. Properly harvested fleur de sel costs hundreds of times more than table salt due to the difficult-to-master harvesting technique and high demand globally.
Nutaaq Simmonds
Nutaaq Doreen Simmonds is an American Iñupiaq actress, activist, and language teacher from Utqiagvik, Alaska. She is known for her roles in the 2024 American drama True Detective: Night Country and 2025 Canadian comedy series North of North.

North of North
North of North is a Canadian comedy television series that premiered on CBC, APTN, and Netflix in 2025.

Anna Lambe plays Siaja, a young Inuk woman in the small fictional Canadian Arctic community of Ice Cove, on Prince of Wales Island in Nunavut.

On April 29, 2025, the show was renewed for a second season.
Buddy Harden
Oren Hall "Buddy" Harden, Jr. (born November 3, 1940) is an American politician from Cordele, Georgia. He previously served as a member of the Georgia House of Representatives from the 148th District, serving from 2008 until Jan. 14, 2019. He is a member of the Republican Party.

Georgia's 148th House of Representatives district
District 148 elects one member of the Georgia House of Representatives. It contains the entirety of Crisp County, Pulaski County and Wilcox County, as well as parts of Ben Hill County and Houston County.
Manifesto to the Polish Nation
The Manifesto to the Polish Nation, also called the Manifesto of Grand Duke Nicholas or Manifesto of the 14th August 1914; Polish: Odezwa Wielkiego Księcia Mikołaja Mikołajewicza was a proclamation by Grand Duke Nicholas, commander in chief of the Russian armies to Poles on 14 August 1914 after the outbreak of World War I. Nicholas, proclaiming that though 'a hundred and fifty years ago the living body of Poland was torn to pieces, [...] her soul survived and she lived in hope that for the Polish people would come an hour of regeneration and reconciliation with Russia'. Nicholas promised the re-unification of the Polish lands under the aegis of the Russian tsar and an autonomy to the Poles. The manifesto was met with appreciation by Roman Dmowski, one of the leaders of the Polish nationalists.

Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (born 1856)
Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia (Russian: Николай Николаевич Романов (младший – the younger); 18 November 1856 – 5 January 1929) was a Russian grand duke and World War I general, a son of Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia and a grandson of Emperor Nicholas I. He was commander-in-chief of the Imperial Russian Army units on the main front in the first year of the war, during the reign of his first cousin once removed, Emperor Nicholas II. Although held in high regard by Paul von Hindenburg, he struggled with the colossal task of leading Russia's war effort against Germany, including strategy, tactics, logistics and coordination with the government. After the Gorlice–Tarnów offensive in 1915, Tsar Nicholas replaced the Grand Duke as commander-in-chief of the army. He later was a successful commander-in-chief in the Caucasus region. He was briefly recognized as emperor in 1922 in areas controlled by the White movement in the Russian Far East.
Port Costa, California
Port Costa is a small town and census-designated place (CDP) in Contra Costa County, California, located in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area. Situated on the southern shore of the Carquinez Strait, the population was 190 in 2020 according to the United States Census Bureau.

Contra Costa County, California
Contra Costa County (/ˌkɒntrə ˈkɒstə/ ⓘ; Contra Costa, Spanish for 'Opposite Coast') is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 1,165,927. The county seat is Martinez. It occupies the northern portion of the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area and is primarily suburban. The county's name refers to its position on the other side of the bay from San Francisco. Contra Costa County is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–Berkeley, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The Dead Bird (book)
The Dead Bird is a children's book by Margaret Wise Brown. Brown's text copyright was 1938 but it was not published until 1958 (by Addison-Wesley Publishing) with illustrations by Remy Charlip; this was after Brown's 1952 death. The story was reissued in 2016 with new illustrations by Christian Robinson. The book tells the story of a group of children who find a recently dead (still warm) bird, and bury it with ceremony. Always seen as a "gentle", "standout" book about the emotions attached to death, the book benefits in the newer version from Robinson's "cinematic storytelling", set in a "a lush urban park" with "characters [who] are diverse in gender and ethnicity but universal in their emotions, curiosity, and playfulness".

Margaret Wise Brown
Margaret Wise Brown (May 23, 1910 – November 13, 1952) was an American writer of children's books, including Goodnight Moon (1947) and The Runaway Bunny (1942), both illustrated by Clement Hurd. She has been called "the laureate of the nursery" for her achievements. Besides her real name, she also used the noms-de-plume Golden MacDonald for Doubleday and Company, Timothy Hay for Harper & Brothers and Juniper Sage (her collaboration with Edith Thacher Hurd) for William R. Scott, Inc.
Miho Okasaki
Miho Okasaki (岡咲 美保, Okasaki Miho; born November 22, 1998) is a Japanese voice actress and singer from Okayama Prefecture who is affiliated with I'm Enterprise. She debuted as a voice actress in 2017, playing mostly background roles in anime series, as well as playing some roles in a number of video games. In 2018, she played her first main roles as Miku Nishio in the anime series Ongaku Shōjo and Rimuru Tempest in the anime series That Time I Got Reincarnated as a Slime.

The Great Jahy Will Not Be Defeated!
The Great Jahy Will Not Be Defeated! (Japanese: ジャヒー様はくじけない！, Hepburn: Jahī-sama wa Kujikenai!; lit. "Jahy-sama Won't Be Discouraged!") is a Japanese comedy manga series written and illustrated by Wakame Konbu. It has been serialized in Square Enix's shōnen manga magazine Monthly Gangan Joker since August 2017, and its chapters have been collected into twelve tankōbon volumes as of November 2025. In North America, the manga is licensed by Square Enix.

An anime television series adaptation by Silver Link aired from August to December 2021 on ABC and TV Asahi's Animazing!!! programming block.