hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Indian Queen (play)
The Indian Queen is a play by Sir Robert Howard, written in collaboration with John Dryden, his sister's husband. It was first performed in 1664 with incidental music by John Banister the elder (1630–1679). In 1695, the play was expanded with additional music to create a new semi-opera of the same name by the composer Henry Purcell.

The Indian Queen (opera)
The Indian Queen (Z. 630) is a largely unfinished semi-opera with music by Henry Purcell. It was first performed at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, London, in 1695. The exact date is unknown, but Peter Holman estimates it may have been in June.

It was created as a revised version of the 1664 play The Indian Queen, in a prologue and five act form by John Dryden and his brother-in-law Sir Robert Howard. In 1694, Thomas Betterton was given £50 to transform the play into an opera, and he commissioned Purcell to compose the music. Purcell, who died in November 1695, left music only for the Prologue and Acts II and III. His brother Daniel completed a masque for Act V.

The Indian Queen is one of Purcell's less often performed stage works. This is probably more a reflection of the incomplete state of the score than of its quality.
Standard ruler
A standard ruler is an astronomical object for which the actual physical size is known. By measuring its angular size in the sky, one can use simple trigonometry to determine its distance from Earth. In simple terms, this is because objects of a fixed size appear smaller the further away they are.

Measuring distances is of great importance in cosmology, as the relationship between the distance and redshift of an object can be used to measure the expansion rate and geometry of the Universe. Distances can also be measured using standard candles; many different types of standard candles and rulers are needed to construct the cosmic distance ladder.

Baryon acoustic oscillations are considered to be essential standard rulers for measuring large-scale structures in the universe.

Angular diameter distance
In astronomy, angular diameter distance is a distance (in units of length) defined in terms of an object's physical size (also in units of length), , and its angular size (necessarily in radians), , as viewed from Earth:
Snow (1983 film)
Snow is a Canadian short drama film, directed by Tibor Takács and released in 1983. A Christmas-themed family film, it stars Douglas Campbell and Torquil Campbell.

The cast also includes Simon Craig, Cynthia Dale, Lawrence King-Phillips, Ken McDougall, R. H. Thomson and Richard Yearwood.

The film premiered at the 1983 Festival of Festivals. It was later screened at the 34th Berlin International Film Festival in 1984.

The film was a Genie Award nominee for Best Theatrical Short Film at the 5th Genie Awards in 1984.

Tibor Takács (director)
Tibor Takács (born September 11, 1954) is a Hungarian-Canadian director, noted for directing The Gate (1987) and its sequel, The Gate II: Trespassers (1990). His career has largely been associated with horror movies, though he has also directed many Christmas-themed films, often for the Hallmark Channel. He also directed the TV movie Sabrina the Teenage Witch which became the basis for the TV series of the same name.
A Good Opportunity
"A Good Opportunity" is the first episode of the second season of the HBO comedy series Flight of the Conchords. This episode first aired in the United States and Canada on January 18, 2009. It was released online to US residents at Funny or Die on December 17, 2008.

Flight of the Conchords (TV series)
Flight of the Conchords is an American sitcom that was first shown on HBO on June 17, 2007. The show follows the adventures of a struggling two-man band from New Zealand, as its members seek fame and success in New York City. The show stars the duo of Jemaine Clement and Bret McKenzie, who also perform as real-life musical comedy act Flight of the Conchords. In the series, they play fictionalised versions of themselves and their band. A second season was announced on August 17, 2007 and shown from January 18, 2009. On December 11, 2009, the duo announced that the series was not going to be returning for a third season.

Throughout its run, Flight of the Conchords received positive critical reviews, with its second season scoring 80/100 on Metacritic. The show received 10 Emmy Award nominations, including "Outstanding Comedy Series" and "Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series" for Jemaine Clement, both in 2009.
Empain-Schneider
Empain-Schneider was a Franco-Belgian industrial group formed in the 1960s from the merger of Belgium's Empain group and France's Schneider & Cie. In 1980, it was renamed Schneider SA. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, the group was comprehensively restructured and sold most of its historic activities while acquiring operations linked to electrical equipment, leading up to its renaming in 1999 as Schneider Electric.

Creusot-Loire
Creusot-Loire was a French engineering conglomerate, formed from factories in Le Creusot and Châteauneuf, Loire. The Creusot-Loire subsidiary of ArcelorMittal also includes an Innovation, Research and Development centre for the group.
Durkee, Oregon
Durkee is an unincorporated community in Baker County, Oregon, United States.  It has a post office with the ZIP code of 97905.  Durkee lies at the Vandercar Road exit of Interstate 84. Durkee is known as the site of Oregon's only cement plant, the Ash Grove Cement Company plant in nearby Nelson. It is one of Baker County's largest private employers; opened in 1979, it succeeded the plant near Lime.

Durkee was originally a stage stop called Express, and by the 1860s it was the only transfer point between Umatilla, Oregon, and Boise, Idaho. It prospered as a water stop and telegraph station for the railroad, and later as a stop on Highway 30, the only paved road in the area. The community was platted in 1908, even though the population had already peaked.

Baker County, Oregon
Baker County (// ⓘ) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,668. The county seat and largest city is Baker City. The county was organized on September 22, 1862, when a portion of Wasco County was partitioned off. The new county's area was reduced in 1864 when Union County was partitioned off, and again in 1887 when Malheur County was partitioned off. The county's lines were last adjusted in 1901 when a parcel was added to the county.

Baker County was named for Edward Dickinson Baker, a senator from Oregon who was killed at Ball's Bluff, a battle of the Civil War in Virginia in 1861. The county is part of the county definition of Eastern Oregon.
Terry Rossio
Terry P. Rossio (born July 2, 1960) is an American screenwriter and film producer. He co-wrote the films Aladdin, The Mask of Zorro, Shrek, and all five of the Pirates of the Caribbean series. For Shrek, he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, and won the Annie Award for Writing in a Feature Production and BAFTA Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. He often collaborates with fellow screenwriter Ted Elliott.

Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
The Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay is the Academy Award for the best screenplay adapted from previously established material. The most frequently adapted media are novels, but other adapted narrative formats include stage plays, musicals, short stories, TV series, and other films and film characters. All sequels are also considered adaptations by this standard, being based on the story and characters of the original film.

Prior to its current name, the award was known as the Academy Award for Best Screenplay Based On Material From Another Medium. The Best Adapted Screenplay category has been a part of the Academy Awards since their inception.
Raymond Massey (cocktail)
The Raymond Massey is a cocktail made of rye, ginger syrup, and champagne. The drink's namesake is Canadian actor Raymond Massey (1896–1983), and the beverage is predominantly consumed in his hometown of Toronto, Ontario.

Ginger syrup can be prepared in advance much as simple syrup, but with the inclusion of 3/4 cup (~180 mL) of peeled and sliced ginger.

Raymond Massey
Raymond Hart Massey (August 30, 1896 – July 29, 1983) was a Canadian actor known for his commanding stage-trained voice. For his lead role in Abe Lincoln in Illinois (1940), Massey was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor. He reprised his role as Lincoln on television and in How the West Was Won (1962). Among his other well-known roles were Dr. Gillespie in the NBC television series Dr. Kildare (1961–1966), John Brown in Santa Fe Trail (1940) and Seven Angry Men (1955), Abraham Farlan in A Matter of Life and Death (1946), and Jonathan Brewster in Arsenic and Old Lace (1944; filmed in 1941 and 1942).
Caetani
The House of Caetani  (Italian pronunciation: [ka.eˈtaː.ni]), or Gaetani, is the name of an Italian noble family, originally from the city of Gaeta, connected by some to the lineage of the lords of the Duchy of Gaeta, as well as to the patrician Gaetani of the Republic of Pisa. It played an important role in Rome, in the Papal States and in the Kingdom of Naples, and later in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies.

Republic of Pisa
The Republic of Pisa (Italian: Repubblica di Pisa) was an independent state existing from the 11th to the 15th century, centered on the Tuscan city of Pisa. It rose to become an economic powerhouse, a commercial center whose merchants dominated Mediterranean and Italian trade for a century, before being surpassed and superseded by the Republic of Genoa.

The republic's participation in the Crusades secured valuable commercial positions for Pisan traders, leading to increased wealth and power. Pisa was a historical rival to Genoa at sea and to Florence and Lucca on land. It lost its independence to Florence in 1406.

The power of Pisa as a mighty maritime nation began to grow and reached its apex in the 11th century when it acquired traditional fame as one of the main historical maritime republics of Italy.
Low, Quebec
Low is a township municipality in the La Vallée-de-la-Gatineau Regional County Municipality of western Quebec, Canada. It is situated along the Gatineau River north of Wakefield, and it is located within Canada's National Capital Region.

Gatineau River
The Gatineau River (French: Rivière Gatineau, pronounced [gatino]) is a river in western Quebec, Canada, which rises in lakes north of the Baskatong Reservoir and flows south to join the Ottawa River at the city of Gatineau, Quebec. The river is 386 kilometres (240 mi) long and drains an area of 23,700 square kilometres (9,200 sq mi).
Indium antimonide
Indium antimonide (InSb) is a crystalline compound made from the elements indium (In) and antimony (Sb). It is a narrow-gap semiconductor material from the III-V group used in infrared detectors, including thermal imaging cameras, FLIR systems, infrared homing missile guidance systems, and in infrared astronomy. Indium antimonide detectors are sensitive to infrared wavelengths between 1 and 5 μm.

Indium antimonide was a very common detector in the old, single-detector mechanically scanned thermal imaging systems. Another application is as a terahertz radiation source as it is a strong photo-Dember emitter.

Antimony
Antimony is a chemical element with the symbol Sb (from Latin  stibium) and atomic number 51. A lustrous grey metal or metalloid, it occurs in nature mainly in the form of the sulfide mineral stibnite (Sb2S3). Antimony compounds have been known since ancient times and were powdered for use as medicine and cosmetics, often known by the Arabic name kohl.

China is the largest producer of antimony and its compounds, with most production coming from the Xikuangshan Mine in Hunan. The industrial methods for refining antimony from stibnite are roasting followed by reduction with carbon, or direct reduction of stibnite with iron.

The most common applications for metallic antimony are in alloys with lead and tin, which have improved properties for solders, bullets, and plain bearings. It improves the rigidity of lead-alloy plates in lead–acid batteries. Antimony trioxide is a prominent additive for halogen-containing flame retardants. Antimony is used as a dopant in semiconductor devices.
Cornwall City Council
The Cornwall City Council (French: Conseil municipal de Cornwall) is the governing body for the city of Cornwall, Ontario, Canada. The council consists of the mayor and ten councillors. The mayor is elected via a first-past-the-post system while the councillors are elected via a blanket election where each voter can vote for 10 councillors, and the 10 councillors with the most votes are elected to the council.

Bernadette Clement
Bernadette Clement (born May 17, 1965) is a Canadian politician, who was appointed to the Canadian Senate by Liberal prime minister Justin Trudeau on June 22, 2021. She was previously mayor of Cornwall, Ontario, having been elected in the 2018 Ontario municipal elections, after serving three terms as a municipal councillor. A Black Canadian, she is the first woman and first person of colour to serve as mayor of the city, and the first Black Canadian woman to serve as a mayor in Ontario.

Senator Clement joined the Independent Senators Group's Facilitation Team as Chamber Coordinator in December 2022. She was elected as Deputy Facilitator six months later.
Salt River Project
The Salt River Project (SRP) encompasses two separate entities: the Salt River Project Agricultural Improvement and Power District, an agency of the state of Arizona that serves as an electrical utility for the Phoenix metropolitan area, and the Salt River Valley Water Users' Association, a utility cooperative that serves as the primary water provider for much of central Arizona.  It is one of the primary public utility companies in Arizona.

SRP is not related to the Rio Salado Project (Rio Salado is Spanish for Salt River), a series of improvement projects along the Salt River through the Phoenix Metropolitan Area.

Salt River (Arizona)
The Salt River (Spanish: Río Salado, O'odham [Pima]: Onk Akimel, Yavapai: Hakanyacha or Hakathi:, Maricopa language: Va Shly'ay) is a river in Gila and Maricopa counties in Arizona, United States, that is the largest tributary of the Gila River. The river is about 200 miles (320 km) long. Its drainage basin covers about 13,700 square miles (35,000 km2). The longest of the Salt River's many tributaries is the 195-mile (314 km) Verde River. The Salt's headwaters tributaries, the Black River and East Fork, increase the river's total length to about 300 miles (480 km). The name Salt River comes from the river's course over large salt deposits shortly after the merging of the White and Black Rivers.
House of Serroelofs
The House or Lineage of Serroelofs or  t'Serroelofs (French: Lignage Serroelofs) is one of the Seven Noble Houses of Brussels, along with Sleeus, Serhuyghs, Steenweeghs, Sweerts, Coudenberg, and Roodenbeke.

The Serroelofs House was charged with the defence of the Anderlecht Gate, and was assisted as of 1422 by the Nation of St Christopher.

Anderlecht Gate
The Anderlecht Gate (French: Porte d'Anderlecht; Dutch: Anderlechtsepoort) was one of the medieval city gates of the second walls of Brussels, Belgium. Built in the 14th century and popularly known as Ter Cruyskene, it was one of the major entry points on the city's south-western side to Anderlecht. The gatehouse was repurposed as a prison and finally demolished in 1784 during the construction of the Small Ring (Brussels' inner ring road). Two pavilion-like buildings were built on the site to collect the octroi in 1836. Although redundant since 1860, these pavilions survive and one currently houses Brussels' Sewers Museum.

Anderlecht Gate remains a toponym denoting the site of the former gate on the edge of the City of Brussels and the Cureghem/Kuregem district in Anderlecht. This area is served by Brussels-South railway station, as well as the tram stop Porte d'Anderlecht/Anderlechtsepoort, to which it gives its name.
Steven G. Vandenberg
Steven Vandenberg (July 15, 1915 in Den Helder, The Netherlands – August 27, 1992 in Boulder, Colorado, United States) was a behavior geneticist who immigrated to the US after the Second World War, obtaining his Ph.D. from the University of Michigan in 1955.

From 1960 to 1967 he worked at the University of Louisville School of Medicine as director of the Louisville Twin Study. In 1970 he moved to the Institute of Behavior Genetics at the University of Colorado at Boulder, where he remained until his retirement. Vandenberg received many honors and awards during his lifetime, including being the first recipient of the Behavior Genetics Association's Dobzhansky Career Award in 1977. Vandenberg served as President of the Behavior Genetics Association (1984–1985) and was the founding editor-in-chief of their scientific journal Behavior Genetics.

Behavior Genetics Association
The Behavior Genetics Association (BGA) is a learned society established in 1970 that promotes research into the connections between heredity and behavior, both human and animal. Its members support education and training in behavior genetics and publish Behavior Genetics, a journal on the topic.
D.J. Mendel
D.J. Mendel is an American actor, playwright, screenwriter, director and author known for his work with film director Hal Hartley.

Mendel is known for such films and theater productions as Meanwhile, My America, Suppose Beautiful Madeline Harvey, Dick Done Broke, Charlie, Panic! (How to Be Happy!) and Fay Grim.

Charlie (2007 film)
Charlie is a 2007 American film starring D.J. Mendel and is the directorial debut film of writer-director Salvatore Interlandi.

Film critic Aaron Hillis described Interlandi as being under the influence of director John Cassavetes during the filming Charlie.
Gaillard III de Durfort
Gaillard III de Durfort (Occitan: Galhart, Latin: Galhardus de Durefort; fl. 1414–1442) was a Gascon nobleman of the Durfort family. He inherited the lordship of Duras and Blanquefort from his father, Gaillard II, in 1422. In the Hundred Years' War between England and France, Gaillard took the side of the English king, who was the feudal suzerain of Gascony.

In 1423, King Henry VI of England appointed Gaillard prévôt of Bayonne, a charge he handed over to Guillaume Stone at the king's request in 1439. In 1434, he served as seneschal of the Landes for the English. In 1436, he signed a contract to fight as an ally (allié) of John I, Count of Foix, and his son, Gaston IV, themselves major supporters of Henry VI.

Gaillard married Indie de La Lande and had one son, Gaillard IV, who spent his childhood in London.

Gaillard III is last mentioned in a document of 1442 and he was dead by 1444.

Durfort family
The Durfort family is an extant old French noble family, distinguished in French and English history. It originated as feudal lords of Durfort, Tarn, a village of south-western France. Today they still hold the title of Duke of Lorges. The current duke is Guy de Durfort-Civrac (born 1960).
Winstanley (film)
Winstanley is a 1975 British black-and-white film directed by Kevin Brownlow and Andrew Mollo and starring Miles Halliwell and Terry Higgins. It was written by David Caute and Brownlow based on Caute's 1961 novel Comrade Jacob. It was produced by the British Film Institute Production Board, and is about social reformer and writer Gerrard Winstanley.

David Caute
John David Caute (born 16 December 1936) is a British novelist, playwright, journalist, and historian. His fiction and non-fiction have usually focused on leftist politics, often occurring outside England. He wrote a comprehensive history, The Great Fear, about the Second Red Scare in the United States. Several of his novels have been set in Africa, his place of birth and where he served in the military.
Roche MacGeoghegan
Roche MacGeoghegan (1580 – 26 May 1644), also known as Roque de la Cruz, was a seventeenth-century Irish Dominican prelate and Tridentine reformist. A member of an aristocratic family from County Westmeath, he obtained a mostly Roman Catholic childhood education before, in his twenties, moving to Iberia and entering the Dominican Order. After many years promoting the revitalisation of the Order in Ireland, from Ireland and Continental Europe, he was considered unsuccessfully for the archbishopric of Armagh in 1625 and then successfully for the bishopric of Kildare in 1629, gaining himself the title of Ross, al Roche, D.D., Bishop of Kildare. After a dozen years as bishop, his health slowly declined and he died in 1644. His nephew was historian and translator Conall MacGeoghegan.

Geoghegan
Geoghegan (Irish: Mag Eochagáin) is a surname of Irish origin.

Often spelled without the prefix "Mac", the name has many variants, including Gehegan, Geoghan, Geohegan, Gahagan, Gagan, and Gagon which approximate the most common pronunciations of the name. It is usually pronounced /ˈɡeɪɡən/ GAY-gən, /ˈɡɛhəɡən/ GEH-hə-gən or /ˈɡoʊhɪɡən/ GOH-hig-ən. In Irish it is Mag Eochagáin, from "Eochaidh," a popular medieval Irish and Scottish Gaelic name deriving from Old Irish ech, meaning "horse." The initial "G" of Geoghegan comes from the prefix Mag, a variant of Mac and the anglicised form Mageoghegan or McGeoghegan was formerly much used.
Pierre Joris
Pierre Joris (July 14, 1946 – February 26, 2025) was a Luxembourgish-American poet, essayist, translator, and anthologist. He moved between Europe, North Africa, and the United States for fifty-five years, publishing over eighty books.

Nicole Peyrafitte
Nicole Peyrafitte (born June 18, 1960) is a French-born American multidisciplinary artist based as of 2024 in Brooklyn, New York. Her work includes painting, action painting, writing, film, video, music, and cooking, which draws upon her eclectic history and the experiences of shaping identity across two continents (Europe and the United States) and four languages (French, Occitan, Spanish, English). Her performances often include food cooked live and served to the audience.
Theddy Ongoly
Theddy Ongoly (born March 21, 1981, in Sibiti, People's Republic of the Congo) is a Congolese defender who played for Angers SCO in Ligue 2. On loan from Reims in 2006/2007, he had been definitely bought before the 2007/2008 season.

Sibiti
Sibiti is a town and a commune located in the Lékoumou department of the Republic of the Congo 300 km west of Brazzaville. It is also the department's capital and Sibiti District seat.

The town is served by Sibiti Airport. It also houses Stade de Sibiti, a multi-use stadium that holds 7,000 people.
Zak Storm
Zak Storm (also known as Zak Storm: Super Pirate) is an animated television series produced by Zagtoon, Method Animation, De Agostini Editore, SAMG Animation, MNC Animation, Man of Action, SK Broadband, and ON Kids & Family. It debuted on Canal J in France on 2 December 2016. It debuted in the United States on KidsClick from 30 September 2017 to 7 January 2018, followed by Discovery Family on 14 October 2017. A second season was announced to be in the works in 2019, but no news has been heard about it since then.

SAMG Entertainment
SAMG Entertainment (Korean: 에스에이엠지 엔터테인먼트), formerly known as SAMG Animation, is a leading South Korean animation studio and global entertainment company that is responsible for creating and distributing CGI children's animation and media content. Established on July 26, 2000, they co-produce their series either in-house or with international production studios.

In April 2021, SAMG Animation announced their rebranding to SAMG Entertainment.
Before It Had a Name
Before It Had a Name is a 2005 film directed by Giada Colagrande and co-written by her and husband Willem Dafoe.  The film premiered at the Venice Film Festival and was retitled as The Black Widow when it was released on DVD. It marked the first time Dafoe had developed a project to the point of being shot as well as the first time Colagrande had written in English.

Giada Colagrande
Giada Colagrande (born 16 October 1975) is an Italian film director, screenwriter and actress. Under the pseudonym AGADEZ, she makes music as a composer and singer-songwriter. She is married to the American actor Willem Dafoe.