hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jaypee University of Information Technology
Jaypee University of Information Technology (JUIT) is a private university in Solan, Himachal Pradesh.
Established in 2002, Jaypee University of Information Technology is one of the four universities established by the Jaypee Group.

Solan district
Solan district is one of the twelve districts of the Himachal Pradesh state in northern India. The city of Solan is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district occupies an area of 1936 km2. It is culturally part of the historical Mahasu region.
Heroes, Inc. Presents Cannon
Heroes, Inc. Presents Cannon is a two-issue comic book series that represents one of the earliest independent comics. The first issue was self-published by prominent writer-artist Wally Wood in 1969, with a second issue published by CPL Gang Publications in 1976.

This comic-book series is unrelated to the organization HEROES, Inc. ("Honor Every Responsible Officer's Eternal Sacrifice"), a Washington, D.C., aid group for families of police and firefighters killed in the line of duty.

Roger Stern
Roger Stern (born September 17, 1950) is an American comic book author and novelist. He is best known for his work on The Amazing Spider-Man, The Avengers, Captain America, and Doctor Strange for Marvel Comics and for his work on Superman for DC Comics including "The Death of Superman" storyline.

Among the comic characters Stern co-created are Nebula, Monica Rambeau, Doomsday, Hobgoblin and Maxima. He also created the Westcoast Avengers team.
St. James Episcopal Church (Fort Edward, New York)
St. James Bible Fellowship, formerly St. James Episcopal Church, is a historic church at 112 Broadway in Fort Edward in Washington County, New York.  It was built in 1849 and modified in three stages in 1880, 1896, and 1914–1915.  It is a Gothic Revival style ecclesiastical structure and features a side bell tower on the northwest corner of the building.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

Fort Edward, New York
Fort Edward is a town and the county seat of Washington County, New York, United States. The population was 5,991 at the 2020 census. The municipal center complex is on U.S. Route 4 between the villages of Hudson Falls and Fort Edward. When construction of the complex was completed in 1994, most of the administrative offices were moved from the original county seat of Hudson Falls to this location. The town of Fort Edward is part of the Glens Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The town contains a village also named Fort Edward. Both are located on the western border of the county.
Crickhowell
Crickhowell (/krɪkˈhaʊəl/; Welsh: Crucywel pronounced [krɨkːəu̯ɛl], non-standard spelling Crughywel) is a  town and community in southeastern Powys, Wales, near Abergavenny, and was historically in the county of Brecknockshire.

Brecknockshire
Brecknockshire (Welsh: Brycheiniog or Sir Frycheiniog), also known as the County of Brecknock, Breconshire, or the County of Brecon, was one of the thirteen counties of Wales that existed from 1536 until their abolition in 1974. It was created in 1536 under the Laws in Wales Act 1535, and from 1889 it was an administrative county with a county council; the administrative county was abolished in 1974. The county was named after the medieval Welsh territory of Brycheiniog, which was anglicised to Brecknock and also gave its name to the county town of Brecon. The former county's area is mountainous and primarily rural.
Grubbs's test
In statistics, Grubbs's test or the Grubbs test (named after Frank E. Grubbs, who published the test in 1950), also known as the maximum normalized residual test or extreme studentized deviate test, is a test used to detect outliers in a univariate data set assumed to come from a normally distributed population.

Frank E. Grubbs
Frank Ephraim Grubbs (September 2, 1913 – January 19, 2000) was an American statistician. Grubbs's test for outliers, and the Mann-Grubbs method for calculating a binomial series lower confidence bound, are named after him.

He worked at the Ballistic Research Laboratory while he was a Captain in the U.S. Army.

He retired in 1975 and died on January 19, 2000. He is buried at the Five Points Belcher Cemetery in Alabama.
The Ruined House
The Ruined House (Hebrew: הבית אשר נחרב, lit. The House that was Destroyed) is an originally Hebrew language book by Reuven Namdar written and set in New York City. The book was the 2014 winner of the Sapir Prize.

Sapir Prize
The Sapir Prize for Literature of Israel is a prestigious annual literary award presented for a work of literature in the Hebrew language. The prize is awarded by Mifal HaPayis (Israel's state lottery), and is a part of the organization's cultural initiatives. It bears the name of the late Pinhas Sapir, a former Finance Minister of Israel, and was first awarded in 2000.
Jackie - Public, Private, Secret
Jackie - Public, Private, Secret is a 2023 book by J. Randy Taraborrelli about first lady Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis. The book includes a number of details about Kennedy's private life that had not previously been made public. The book debuted at Number Three on the New York Times bestselling list in July 2023, the author’s highest placement.

J. Randy Taraborrelli
John Randall Anthony Taraborrelli is an American journalist and celebrity biographer. Prior to his book-writing career, he was a magazine journalist and editor-in-chief of Soul magazine, the black entertainment title. Taraborrelli is known for biographies of contemporary entertainers and political figures such as Frank Sinatra, Diana Ross, Marilyn Monroe, Michael Jackson, Madonna, the Kennedy family, the Hilton family, and Beyoncé. He also regularly appears on television as an entertainment news reporter on programs such as Entertainment Tonight, Good Morning America, Today and CBS This Morning. Taraborrelli lives in California.
Piperoxan
Piperoxan, also known as benodaine, was the first antihistamine to be discovered. This compound, derived from benzodioxan, was prepared in the early 1930s by Daniel Bovet and Ernest Fourneau at the Pasteur Institute in France. Formerly investigated by Fourneau as an α-adrenergic-blocking agent, they demonstrated that it also antagonized histamine-induced bronchospasm in guinea pigs, and published their findings in 1933. Bovet went on to win the 1957 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his contribution. One of Bovet and Fourneau's students, Anne-Marie Staub, published the first structure–activity relationship (SAR) study of antihistamines in 1939. Piperoxan and analogues themselves were not clinically useful due to the production of toxic effects in humans and were followed by phenbenzamine (Antergan) in the early 1940s, which was the first antihistamine to be marketed for medical use.

Pasteur Institute
The Pasteur Institute (French: Institut Pasteur, pronounced [ɛ̃stity pastœʁ]) is a French non-profit private foundation dedicated to the study of biology, micro-organisms, diseases, and vaccines. It is named after Louis Pasteur, who invented pasteurization and vaccines for anthrax and rabies. The institute was founded on 4 June 1887 and inaugurated on 14 November 1888.

For over a century, the Institut Pasteur has researched infectious diseases. This worldwide biomedical research organization based in Paris was the first to isolate HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, in 1983. It has also been responsible for discoveries that have enabled medical science to control diseases such as diphtheria, tetanus, tuberculosis, poliomyelitis, influenza, yellow fever, and plague.

Since 1908, ten Institut Pasteur scientists have been awarded the Nobel Prize for medicine and physiology—the 2008 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was shared between two Pasteur scientists.
Thabit number
In number theory, a Thabit number, Thâbit ibn Qurra number, or 321 number is an integer of the form  for a non-negative integer n.

The first few Thabit numbers are:

2, 5, 11, 23, 47, 95, 191, 383, 767, 1535, 3071, 6143, 12287, 24575, 49151, 98303, 196607, 393215, 786431, 1572863, ... (sequence A055010 in the OEIS)

The 9th century mathematician, physician, astronomer and translator Thābit ibn Qurra is credited as the first to study these numbers and their relation to amicable numbers.

Thābit ibn Qurra
Thābit ibn Qurra (full name: Abū al-Ḥasan Ṯābit ibn Qurra ibn Zahrūn al-Ḥarrānī al-Ṣābiʾ, Arabic: أبو الحسن ثابت بن قرة بن زهرون الحراني الصابئ, Latin: Thebit/Thebith/Tebit; 826 or 836 – February 19, 901), was a scholar known for his work in mathematics, medicine, astronomy, and translation. He lived in Baghdad in the second half of the ninth century during the time of the Abbasid Caliphate.

Thābit ibn Qurra made important discoveries in algebra, geometry, and astronomy. In astronomy, Thābit is considered one of the first reformers of the Ptolemaic system, and in mechanics he was a founder of statics. Thābit also wrote extensively on medicine and produced philosophical treatises.
Daniël de Blieck
Daniël de Blieck (Middelburg, c. 1610 – Middelburg, 1673), was a Dutch Golden Age painter, draughtsman and architect, who specialised in architectural paintings.  He painted both real and imaginary church interiors.

Architectural painting
Architectural painting (also Architecture painting) is a form of genre painting where the predominant focus lies on architecture, including both outdoor and interior views. While architecture was present in many of the earliest paintings and illuminations, it was mainly used as background or to provide rhythm to a painting. In the Renaissance, architecture was used to emphasize the perspective and create a sense of depth, like in Masaccio's Holy Trinity from the 1420s.

In Western art, architectural painting as an independent genre developed in the 16th century in Flanders and the Netherlands, and reached its peak in 16th and 17th century Dutch painting. Later, it developed in a tool for Romantic paintings, with e.g. views of ruins becoming very popular. Closely related genres are architectural fantasies and trompe-l'oeils, especially illusionistic ceiling painting, and cityscapes.
Theatr Clwyd
Theatr Clwyd (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈθeːatr ˈklʊɨd]) is a regional arts centre and producing theatre 1 mile (1.6 km) from Mold, Flintshire, in North East Wales. It opened as Theatr Clwyd in 1976, but was known between 1998 and 2015 as Clwyd Theatr Cymru, before reverting to its original name.

Toby Robertson
Sholto David Maurice Robertson OBE (29 November 1928 – 4 July 2012), known as Toby Robertson, was the artistic director of the Prospect Theatre Company from 1964 to 1978. He was recognized as having "re-established the good name and reputation of touring theatre in the UK after it had become a byword for second-rate tattiness in the 1950s".
Carbacanthographis salazinica
Carbacanthographis salazinica is a species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Australia, it was described as a new species in 2001 by lichenologist Alan Archer. The type specimen was collected by Archer in Conglomerate State Forest (New South Wales). Here the lichen was found growing on the bark of a palm tree. Its thallus is thin and grayish-green, with conspicuous white lirellae measuring 1–4 mm long. The specific epithet refers to salazinic acid, the presence of which is a distinguishing characteristic of this species. The lichen also has trace amounts of other secondary chemicals, including  consalazinic acid, norstictic acid, and protocetraric acid. In 2005 Archer transferred the taxon to genus Carbacanthographis.

Salazinic acid
Salazinic acid is a depsidone with a lactone ring. It is found in some lichens, and is especially prevalent in Parmotrema and Bulbothrix, where its presence or absence is often used to help classify species in those genera.
Spaghetti racquet
The "spaghetti" racquet was a type of double-strung tennis racquet that had a brief spike in popularity in the fall of 1977, revolutionizing the sport for about a month before being banned at the top levels of play. It applied far more spin to a tennis ball than conventionally strung racquets, leading to disorienting movements through the air, especially after bounces.

Ilie Năstase
Ilie Theodoriu Năstase (Romanian: [iˈli.e nəsˈtase] ⓘ; born 19 July 1946) is a Romanian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the inaugural world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for 40 weeks. Năstase is one of ten players to have won over 100 total ATP-level titles, with 64 in singles and 45 in doubles,  among which seven majors: two in singles, three in men's doubles and two in mixed doubles. He also won four Masters Grand Prix year-end championships. He was the first professional sports figure to sign an endorsement contract with Nike, doing so in 1972. Năstase also wrote several novels in French in the 1980s, and was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1991.
Guangzhou–Foshan circular intercity railway
Guangzhou–Foshan circular intercity railway, also known as the Guangfo ring intercity railway, is a regional rail in the Pearl River Delta Metropolitan Region intercity railway system. The line will form a ring around Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. The first section between Guangzhou South to Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport started construction in 2016. The line will operate with China Railway CRH6 EMUs running every 2.5 minutes.

The section from Huadu to Baiyun Airport North, named Guangzhou East Ring Intercity, was opened on 30 November 2020, and extended to Panyu on 29 September 2025.

Huadu railway station
Huadu Railway Station (Chinese: 花都站; pinyin: Huādū Zhàn) is a railway station located in Huadu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China. The railway station is located on the west side of Guangzhou North railway station and is used by Guangqing ICR, Guangzhou East Ring ICR. It opened on 30 November 2020. Passengers can get off at Guangzhou North Railway Station of Guangzhou Metro Line 9 to reach there.
AGCO
AGCO Corporation is an American agricultural machinery manufacturer headquartered in Duluth, Georgia, United States.  It was founded in 1990. AGCO designs, produces and sells tractors, combines, foragers, hay tools, self-propelled sprayers, smart farming technologies, seeding equipment, and tillage equipment.

Carraro Agritalia
Carraro Agritalia is an Italian agricultural machinery manufacturer that designs and builds standard, vineyard and orchard specialty tractors. Is a division of the Carraro Group, which is separate from Antonio Carraro. Carraro Group was founded in Campodarsego, Italy in 1910 as Giovanni Carraro. The division Carraro Agritalia was founded in Rovigo, Italy, in 1977.
Janakpur
Janakpur or Janakpurdham (Maithili: जनकपुर), is the capital city of Madhesh Province in Nepal. This sub-metropolitan city is a central hub for the Maithili language, as well as for religious and cultural tourism in Nepal.

The city was founded in the early 18th century but was retrospectively designated as the location of the capital of the Videha kingdom and the birthplace of Hindu deity Sita, although there is no archaeological evidence to support this.

Janakpur is located about 225 km (140 mi) southeast of Kathmandu. As of 2021, the city had a population of 195,438, with a density of 2,125/km2. Janakpur is currently the fourth most densely populated city in Nepal. Janakpur is located about 23 km from the Bhitthamore border with India. Nepal Railways operates a service between Janakpur and Jainagar in India.

Ram Baran Yadav
Dr. Ram Baran Yadav (Maithili: डा. राम वरण यादव; Nepali: डा. राम वरण यादव; born 4 February 1948) is a Nepali politician and physician who served as the first president of Nepal from 23 July 2008 to 29 October 2015, following the declaration of republic in 2008. Previously, he served as Minister of Health from 1999 to 2001 and general secretary of the Nepali Congress.
Prairie Dunes Country Club
Prairie Dunes Country Club is a golf course located just outside Hutchinson, Kansas.  Frequently ranked among the best golf courses in the United States, it has hosted several United States Golf Association national championship tournaments.

The club was founded by Emerson Carey and his four sons in the mid-1930s. The course was funded and constructed, at least in part, by the Works Progress Administration under the New Deal.  The course was designed by Perry Maxwell, and the first nine holes opened on September 13, 1937. Twenty years later in 1957, a second 9 holes were opened, designed by Press Maxwell (Perry's son).

Perry Maxwell
Perry Duke Maxwell (June 13, 1879 – November 15, 1952) was an American golf course architect. He was a founding member of the American Society of Golf Course Architects and was an inductee into the Oklahoma Sports Hall of Fame in 2012. He was known as the "father of Oklahoma golf".
Littleton baronets
Three baronetcies have been created in the Baronetage of England for members of the Littleton or Lyttelton family. All three lines are descended from Thomas de Littleton, a noted 15th-century jurist. Despite differences in the spelling of the title, the names of all three lines were spelt in many varied ways in the early modern period, without distinction between the different branches of the family. This can be confusing, as the range of forenames in use was very limited.

Edward Littleton, 1st Baron Hatherton
Edward John Littleton, 1st Baron Hatherton PC, FRS (18 March 1791 – 4 May 1863), was a British politician from the extended Littleton/Lyttelton family, of first the Canningite Tories and later the Whigs. He had a long political career, active in each of the Houses of Parliament in turn over a period of forty years. He was closely involved in a number of major reforms, particularly Catholic Emancipation, the Truck Act 1831, the Parliamentary Boundaries Act 1832 and the Municipal Corporations Act 1835. Throughout his career he was actively concerned with the Irish question and he was Chief Secretary for Ireland between 1833 and 1834.

Hatherton was also a major Staffordshire landowner, farmer and businessman. As heir to two family fortunes, he had large holdings in agricultural and residential property, coal mines, quarries and brick works, mainly concentrated around Penkridge, Cannock and Walsall.
Washington State Cougars football
The Washington State Cougars football program is the intercollegiate American football team for Washington State University, located in Pullman, Washington. The team competes at the NCAA Division I level in the FBS and is a member of the Pac-12 Conference (Pac-12) Known as the Cougars, the first football team was fielded in 1894.

The Cougars play home games on campus at Martin Stadium, which opened in 1972; the site dates back to 1892 as Soldier Field and was renamed Rogers Field ten years later. Its present seating capacity is 35,117. Their main rivals are the Washington Huskies; the teams historically end the regular season with the Apple Cup rivalry game in late November but that is no longer the case with the Washington Huskies joining the Big Ten.

Pullman, Washington
Pullman is the most populous city in Whitman County, located in southeastern Washington within the Palouse region of the Pacific Northwest. The population was 32,901 at the 2020 census, and estimated to be 33,543 in 2024. Originally founded as Three Forks, the city was renamed after industrialist George Pullman in 1881.

Pullman is noted as a fertile agricultural area known for its many miles of rolling hills and the production of wheat and legumes. It is home to Washington State University, a public research land-grant university, and the international headquarters of Schweitzer Engineering Laboratories. Pullman is eight miles (13 km) from Moscow, Idaho, home to the University of Idaho, and is served by the Pullman–Moscow Regional Airport.
Arnold Drake
Arnold Drake (March 1, 1924 – March 12, 2007) was an American comic book writer and screenwriter best known for co-creating the DC Comics characters Deadman and the Doom Patrol, and the Marvel Comics characters the Guardians of the Galaxy, Havok and Polaris, among others.

Drake was posthumously inducted into the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2008.

Ervin Drake
Ervin Drake (born Ervin Maurice Druckman; April 3, 1919 – January 15, 2015) was an American songwriter whose works include such American Songbook standards as "I Believe" and "It Was a Very Good Year". He wrote in a variety of styles and his work has been recorded by musicians around the world. In 1983, he was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame.
Estadio Profesor Alberto Suppici
Estadio Profesor Alberto Suppici is a multi-use stadium in Colonia, Uruguay.  It is currently used mostly for football matches.  The stadium holds 6,500 people. The stadium is named after Alberto Suppici, coach of Uruguay national football team during the 1930 World Cup. It is the home stadium of Plaza Colonia and hosted matches during the 2003 South American Youth Championship. The Estadio Profesor Alberto Suppici is also known as a venue for rugby union.

Colonia del Sacramento
Colonia del Sacramento (Spanish: [koˈlonja ðel sakɾaˈmento] ⓘ; Brazilian Portuguese: Colônia do Sacramento; European Portuguese: Colónia do Sacramento) is a city in southwestern Uruguay, by the Río de la Plata, facing Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is one of the oldest towns in Uruguay and the capital of the Colonia Department. As of the 2023 census, it has a population of around 32,174.

Its historic quarter is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Modern Colonia del Sacramento produces textiles and has a free trade zone, in addition to a polytechnic centre and various government buildings.
Shailungeshwar
Shailungeshwar  is a village development committee in Dolakha District in the Janakpur Zone of north-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,637 people living in 736 individual households.

Dolakha District
Dolakha, often known as Dolkha or Dholkha (Nepal Bhasa:दोलखा जिल्ला)Listenⓘ), a part of Bagmati Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Charikot as its district headquarters, covers an area of 2,191 km2 (846 sq mi) and had a population of 204,229 in 2001 and 186,557 in 2011. Dolkha postal code begins from 45500 and the main headquarters is in Dolkha. The administrative center of this district consists of 11 post offices. It is a district with a strong religious affiliation. It is popularly known amongst most Nepalese for the temple of Dolakha Bhimeshawor.

The name Dolkha arose from Newar Community. In the classical Nepal Bhasa language "Dol" or "Dwāl" means Thousand, and "Khā" means houses which means "The place that has a thousand houses"..
Liu Hongcao
Liu Hongcao (Chinese: 劉弘操, Vietnamese: Lưu Hoằng Tháo, died 938) was an imperial prince of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period state Southern Han.

He was the ninth son of emperor Liu Yan and received the title of Prince of Wan (萬王) in 932.

In 937, Dương Đình Nghệ, the ruler of Tĩnh Hải quân, was killed by his general Kiều Công Tiễn. Ngô Quyền, who was Nghệ's son-in-law, mobilized his army against Tiễn. Tiễn requested help from Southern Han. Liu Yan decided to annex Tĩnh Hải quân, so he granted Liu Hongcao the title Prince of Jiao (交王, Giao vương, "Prince of Giao Chỉ"), and dispatched him to Vietnam. Liu Yan himself commanded a follow-up army. In the next year, the army of Southern Han was defeated by Ngô Quyền in Bạch Đằng River, and Hongcao was killed in the battlefield. Hearing the news, Liu Yan cried bitterly and withdrew his own fleet.

Battle of Bạch Đằng (938)
At the Battle of Bạch Đằng River in 938 near Hạ Long Bay in northern Vietnam, the military force of the Viet-ruled domain of Tĩnh Hải quân, led by Ngô Quyền, a Viet lord, defeated the invading forces of the Chinese state of Southern Han and put an end to the Third Era of Northern Domination (Chinese ruled Vietnam). It was considered the turning point in Vietnamese history.