hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Whirinaki, Northland
Whirinaki is a locality on the Whirinaki River in the south Hokianga, in Northland, New Zealand. The name means "to lean against a support". Highway 12 runs through it. Opononi lies to the south west, and Rawene lies to the north east.

It is part of the Hokianga South statistical area, which covers the southern side of Hokianga Harbour between Rawene and Koutu. For demographics of this area, see Rawene.

Hokianga
The Hokianga is an area surrounding the Hokianga Harbour, also known as the Hokianga River, a long estuarine drowned valley on the west coast in the north of the North Island of New Zealand.

The original name, still used by local Māori, is Te Kohanga o Te Tai Tokerau ("the nest of the northern people") or Te Puna o Te Ao Marama ("the wellspring in the world of light"). The full name of the harbour is Te Hokianga-nui-a-Kupe — "the place of Kupe's great return".
Stanley Spencer (aeronaut)
Stanley Edward Spencer (1868–1906) was an early English aeronaut, famous for ballooning and parachuting in several countries, and later for building and flying an airship over London in 1902.

Stanley's family had a history of flying: all his five siblings were also aeronauts, with Arthur and Percival the more well-known; his father Charles Green Spencer pioneered gliding and founded the balloon factory C.G. Spencer & Sons in London; and his grandfather Edward had flown balloons with Charles Green since 1836. On 15 September 1898, Stanley piloted a hydrogen balloon for the meteorologist Arthur Berson in what was believed to be a record ascent to 27,500 feet. 
On 15 November 1899, Spencer ascended with John Mackenzie Bacon and Gertrude Bacon to observe the Leonid meteor shower from above the clouds.  Ten hours later, their balloon landed near Neath, South Wales, narrowly avoiding drifting out over the Atlantic.

Gertrude Bacon
Gertrude Bacon FRAS (19 April 1874 – 22 December 1949) was a British aeronautical pioneer.  She achieved a considerable number of "firsts" for women in aeronautics, as well as making contributions in the areas of astronomy and botany.  Bacon popularised aeronautics through her writing, and promoted both commercial and popular flying as fields for women.
Research Institute of Molecular Pathology
The Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP) is a biomedical research center, which conducts curiosity-driven basic research in the molecular life sciences.

The IMP is located at the Vienna Biocenter in Vienna, Austria. The institute employs around 280 people from 40 countries, of which over 200 are scientists. The working language at the IMP is English. The IMP was established in 1985 and is funded by the pharmaceutical company Boehringer Ingelheim and research grants.

Adrian Bird
Sir Adrian Peter Bird (born 3 July 1947) is a British geneticist and Buchanan Professor of Genetics at the University of Edinburgh. Bird has spent much of his academic career in Edinburgh, from receiving his PhD in 1970 to working at the MRC Mammalian Genome Unit and later serving as director of the Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Biology. His research focuses on understanding DNA methylation and CpG islands, and their role in diseases such as Rett syndrome.
Haguroyama Masaji
Haguroyama Masaji (Japanese: 羽黒山 政司; November 18, 1914 – October 14, 1969) was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Nakanokuchi, Niigata. He was the sport's 36th yokozuna. He was a yokozuna for a period of twelve years and three months dating from his promotion to that rank in May 1941 until his retirement in September 1953, which was an all-time record until surpassed in 2019 by Hakuhō. During his career Haguroyama won seven top division championships and was runner-up on six other occasions. However, he was always in the shadow of yokozuna Futabayama, who came from the same stable. After his retirement he was the head coach of Tatsunami stable until his death in 1969.

Nakanokuchi, Niigata
Nakanokuchi (中之口村, Nakanokuchi-mura) was a village located in Nishikanbara District, Niigata Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2005, the village had an estimated population of 6,613 and a density of 328.03 persons per km2. The total area was 20.16 km2.

On March 21, 2005, Nakanokuchi, along with the cities of Niitsu, Shirone and Toyosaka, the towns of Kameda, Kosudo and Yokogoshi (all from Nakakanbara District), the town of Nishikawa, and the villages of Ajikata, Iwamuro, Katahigashi and Tsukigata (all from Nishikanbara District), was merged into the expanded city of Niigata. As of April 1, 2007, the area is now part of Nishikan-ku ward (西蒲区, Nishikan-ku).
Italian Bridge
The Italian Bridge (Russian: Итальянский мост) is a 22.5 m (74 ft) long and 3 m (9.8 ft) wide single-span beam pedestrian bridge crossing the Griboyedov Canal in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It connects Kazansky Island and Spassky Island in the city's Tsentralny District. The bridge takes its name from Italyanskaya Street.

Griboyedov Canal
The Griboyedov Canal or Kanal Griboyedova (Russian: кана́л Грибое́дова) is a canal in Saint Petersburg, constructed in 1739 along the existing Krivusha river. In 1764–90, the canal was deepened and the banks were reinforced and covered with granite.

The Griboyedov Canal starts from the Moyka River near the Field of Mars. It flows into the Fontanka River. Its length is 5 kilometres (3 mi), with a width of 32 metres (105 ft).

Before 1923, it was called the Catherine Canal, after the Empress Catherine the Great, during whose rule it was deepened. The Communist authorities renamed it after the Russian playwright and diplomat, Alexandr Griboyedov.

The streets or embankments running along the canal are known as Naberezhnaya Kanala Griboyedova.
Kylie's Non-Stop History 50+1
Kylie's Non-Stop History 50+1 is the first remix album by Australian singer Kylie Minogue. It was initially released on 1 July 1993 in Japan, three months prior to its distribution in United Kingdom through Pete Waterman Entertainment (PWE), whereas Australia made it later in 1994, issued by Mushroom Records. The album contained clips of most of Minogue's songs during her PWL period plus the Techno Rave Remix of "Celebration", which was exclusively released in Japan. All the tracks except "Celebration" (Techno Rave Remix) run into each other, creating a megamix. Peaking at number 59 on Oricon Albums Chart, the album spent 3 weeks charting and has garnered over 13,600 copies in Japan. It also peaked at number 57 the later year in Australia. The cover art was shot by British photographer, Katerina Jebb.

Celebration (Kool & the Gang song)
"Celebration" is a song by American band Kool & the Gang. Released in October 1980 by De-Lite Records as the first single from their twelfth album, Celebrate! (1980), it was the band's first and only single to reach No. 1 on the US Billboard Hot 100. In 2016, the song was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame.

In 2021, the Library of Congress selected "Celebration" for preservation in the National Recording Registry for being "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant".
1900 United States census
The 1900 United States census, conducted by the Census Office on June 1, 1900, determined the resident population of the United States to be 76,212,168, an increase of 21.01% from the 62,979,766 persons enumerated during the 1890 census. It was the last census to be conducted before the founding of the permanent United States Census Bureau.

The census saw the nation's largest city, New York City, more than double in size due to the consolidation with Brooklyn, becoming in the process the first U.S. city to record a population growth of over three million — Brooklyn was previously the 4th largest city in the United States on its own.

Oversight of the statistics was by Frederick Howard Wines and Walter F. Willcox.

Walter Francis Willcox
Walter Francis Willcox (March 22, 1861 – October 30, 1964) was an American statistician. He was professor of economics at Cornell University. He founded the statistical research office in the U.S. Census Bureau.
Republican City Township, Harlan County, Nebraska
Republican City Township is one of sixteen townships in Harlan County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 129 at the 2000 census. A 2006 estimate placed the township's population at 117. The village of Republican City is less than a mile north of the township.

Harlan County, Nebraska
Harlan County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 3,073. Its county seat is Alma. The county is home to the Harlan County Reservoir.

In the Nebraska license plate system, Harlan County is represented by the prefix 51 (it had the 51st-largest number of vehicles registered in the county when the license plate system was established in 1922).
Pinehouse Lake
Pinehouse Lake (Woods Cree: ᑭᓀᐱᑯ ᓵᑲᐦᐃᑲᓂᕽ, romanized: kinêpiko-sâkahikanihk, lit. 'at the Snake Lake') is a lake in northern Saskatchewan, Canada. The northern village of Pinehouse is located on the western shore.

The Churchill River flows in from Sandy Lake into the north-west end of the lake at McDonald Bay and flows out through the north-east end of the lake into Sandfly Lake. The Churchill River is largely a series of interconnected lakes that flows from its source at Churchill Lake east to the Hudson Bay.

Pinehouse
Pinehouse (Woods Cree: ᒥᓇᐦᐃᑯ ᐚᐢᑲᐦᐃᑲᓂᕽ, romanized: minahiko-wâskahikanihk, lit. 'at pine house') is a northern village located in the boreal forest of Saskatchewan on the western shore of Pinehouse Lake within the Canadian Shield.

Travelling by road from Pinehouse, the Key Lake mine is 223 kilometres (139 mi) north, Prince Albert is 346 kilometres (215 mi) south, La Ronge is 214 kilometres (133 mi) east and Beauval, the closest community, is 107 kilometres (66 mi) west. Highway 914 passes through the community and Pinehouse is the only established community along this road.

There were 1,074 residents in 2016. Cree was the mother tongue of 630 of the residents in 2011. The mayor of this predominantly Cree community is Mike Natomagan.
Free response question
A free response question (FRQ) or essay question is a type of open-ended question commonly used in schools to test students' learning, as well as in entrance exams and sometimes as part of job application or screening processes.

Multiple choice
Multiple choice, multiple choice question, or objective response is a form of an objective assessment in which respondents are asked to select only the correct answer from the choices offered as a list. The multiple choice format is most frequently used in educational testing, in market research, and in elections, when a person chooses between multiple candidates, parties, or policies.

Although E. L. Thorndike developed an early scientific approach to testing students, it was his assistant Benjamin D. Wood who developed the multiple-choice test. Multiple-choice testing increased in popularity in the mid-20th century when scanners and data-processing machines were developed to check the result. Christopher P. Sole created the first multiple-choice examinations for computers on a Sharp Mz 80 computer in 1982.
Ron Wilson (drummer)
Ronald Lee Wilson (June 26, 1944 – May 12, 1989) was an American musician and recording artist, best known as an original member and drummer of The Surfaris, an early surf music group of the 1960s. Wilson's energetic drum solo on "Wipe Out" (a #2 US/#5 UK hit) made it one of the best-known instrumental songs of the period.

The Surfaris
The Surfaris are an American surf music band formed in Glendora, California, in 1962. They are best known for two songs that hit the charts in the Los Angeles area, and nationally by May 1963: "Surfer Joe" and "Wipe Out", which were the A-side and B-side of the same 45 rpm single.

The Surfaris were inducted into the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum in 2019 for their hit instrumental song, "Wipe Out".
John Stuart (actor)
John Stuart (John Alfred Louden Croall; 18 July 1898 – 17 October 1979) was a  Scottish actor, and was a very popular leading man in British silent films in the 1920s. He successfully made the transition to talking pictures in the 1930s and his film career went on to span almost six decades. He appeared in 172 films (including shorts), 123 stage plays, and 103 television plays and series.

Estelle Brody
Estelle Brody (15 August 1900 – 3 June 1995) was an American actress who became one of the biggest female stars of British silent film in the latter half of the 1920s. Her career was then derailed by a series of ill-advised decisions and she disappeared from sight for many years before re-emerging between the late 1940s and the 1960s in smaller supporting film and television roles.
Gebre Meskel Lalibela
Lalibela (Ge'ez: ላሊበላ), regnal name Gebre Meskel (Ge'ez: ገብረ መስቀል, romanized: gäbrä mäsqäl, lit. 'Servant of the Cross'), was a king of the Zagwe dynasty, reigning from 1181 to 1221.: 22 : 56n  He was the son of Jan Seyum and the brother of Kedus Harbe. Perhaps the best-known Zagwe monarch, he is credited as the patron of the namesake monolithic rock-hewn churches of Lalibela. He is venerated as a saint by the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church on 19 June.

Lasta
Lasta (Amharic: ላስታ Lāstā) is a historic province in northern Ethiopia located in the Amhara Region. It is the province in which Lalibela is situated, the former capital of Ethiopia during the Zagwe dynasty and home to 11 medieval rock-hewn churches.
Mali Cerovec
Mali Cerovec (pronounced [ˈmaːli tsɛˈɾɔːʋəts]) is a settlement in the foothills of the Gorjanci range in the City Municipality of Novo Mesto in southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Urban Municipality of Novo Mesto
The Urban Municipality of Novo Mesto (pronounced [ˈnɔːʋɔ ˈmeːstɔ]; Slovene: Mestna občina Novo mesto) is a municipality in southeastern Slovenia, close to the border with Croatia. The seat of the municipality is the city of Novo Mesto. The Municipality of Novo Mesto is part of the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region. It borders Croatia on the Gorjanci Hills.
Lindsay Rodden
Lindsay Rodden  is a British playwright and dramaturg.

Rodden was born in Edinburgh and grew up in Liverpool and in Buncrana, County Donegal, Ireland.

She was writer-in-residence at Northumbria University and Live Theatre in 2017.

She has written two plays for Mikron Theatre Company: Red Sky at Night, about weather forecasting, toured in 2022 and Jennie Lee, about the politician Jennie Lee, in 2024.  Her play HERE, about refugees, migrants and asylum-seekers, was written for Curious Monkey and was informed by Rodden working with 80 immigrants to Derby and North East England.

She wrote The Island of the Sun, part 4 of the National Theatre's The Odyssey, performed in Sunderland in April 2023 as part of a multi-venue project.

Mikron Theatre Company
The Mikron Theatre Company is an English touring theatre company, founded in 1972, which is notable for its tours by canal boat during the summer months, and by road in the spring and autumn. The company believes itself to be the only theatre company in the world which tours by narrowboat.
John L. Green Jr.
John Lafayette Green Jr. (April 3, 1929 – January 5, 2021) was an American academic administrator who was executive vice president at the University of Miami from 1976 to 1980, president of Washburn University from 1981 to 1988, and founder of the Accreditation Council for Business Schools and Programs and the International Accreditation Council for Business Education.

International Accreditation Council for Business Education
The International Accreditation Council for Business Education (IACBE), formerly the International Assembly for Collegiate Business Education, is an educational accreditation agency for college and university business programs founded in 1997. It is recognized by the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA) programmatic accrediting organization.
Buster (comics)
Buster was a British comic which began publication in 1960, originally published by IPC Magazines Ltd under the company's comics division Fleetway, then by Egmont UK Ltd under the same imprint until its closure in 2000. Despite missing issues due to industrial action during its run, the comic published 1,902 issues in total. The comic carried a mixture of humour and adventure strips, featuring the title character Buster and a host of other characters.

TI Media
TI Media Ltd. (formerly International Publishing Company, IPC Magazines Ltd, IPC Media and Time Inc. UK) was a consumer magazine and digital publisher in the United Kingdom, with a portfolio selling over 350 million copies each year. Most of its titles now belong to Future plc.
Incwala
Incwala (Swazi: [iᵑǀwala]) is the main ritual of kingship in the Kingdom of Eswatini. This is a national event that takes place during the summer solstice. The main participant in incwala is the King of Eswatini; when there is no king there is no incwala.  Incwala takes place over a period of time of about a month, starting with the small incwala, incwala lencane, and culminating in the big incwala, incwala lenkhulu. A number of activities - such as lusekwane, kuhlamahlama, and umdvutjulwa - mark the key events of this age old tradition. Unlike Ummemo which is convened by local chiefs, Incwala and Umhlanga are national events and are convened under the authority of the King and the Queen Mother.

King of Eswatini
King of Eswatini, officially Ngwenyama (lit. 'Lion', pl. tiNgwenyama, also iNgwenyama or Inkosi), is the title of the male monarch and head of state of Eswatini. The King (Ngwenyama) reigns together with the Queen Mother (Indlovukazi), a spiritual leadership position held by the Ngwenyama's mother or another female royal of high status.

The current king is Mswati III, who has reigned since 1986. The annual budget allocated to the King and the royal household amounts to $61 million. The King is also the Commander-in-Chief of the army
Alrance (power station)
44°07′21″N 2°41′26″E﻿ / ﻿44.1224°N 2.6906°E﻿ / 44.1224; 2.6906

Alrance is a hydroelectric power station in the commune of Alrance, Aveyron, southern France. It lies at the head of the Lac de Villefranche-de-Panat which it feeds: it draws water through 10.8 km long penstocks from the Lac de Pareloup.

Lac de Villefranche-de-Panat
Lac de Villefranche-de-Panat (French pronunciation: [lak də vilfʁɑ̃ʃ də pana]) is a lake in Aveyron, France. At an elevation of 727 m, its surface area is 1.92 km2.

It lies in the communes of Villefranche-de-Panat and Alrance.
Zgornja Javoršica
Zgornja Javoršica (pronounced [ˈzɡoːɾnja ˈjaːʋɔɾʃitsa]; German: Oberjaworschitz) is a village in the Municipality of Moravče in central Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

It is the birthplace of the Slovene poet Dane Zajc.

Dane Zajc
Dane Zajc (pronunciationⓘ) (26 October 1929 – 20 October 2005) was a Slovenian poet and playwright. He served as president of the Slovene Writers' Association (1991–1995), and was awarded the prestigious Prešeren Award for lifetime achievement (1981). Together with Edvard Kocbek and Gregor Strniša, he is considered the most important Slovenian poet of the second half of the 20th century.
Encyclopaedia Mundarica
Encyclopaedia Mundarica is a multi-volume work describing the language and culture of the Munda people of Chota Nagpur. The project was begun by Jesuit priest John Baptist Hoffmann and completed after Hoffmann's death by Arthur van Emelen. Hoffmann's contributions during his lifetime went into sixteen parts (sometimes listed as sixteen volumes but in reality just five). It was completed and published after his death with 13 volumes of text and 1 volume of plates between 1930 and 1950. The 48 plates in the last volume included illustrations of material culture made by Reverend Louis Cardon.

Louis Cardon
Father Louis Cardon (25 December 1857 – 11 February 1946) was a Belgian Jesuit missionary who worked among the Chota Nagpur tribes in current day Jharkhand in India. He studied the local culture, collected plants and insects and contributed illustrations to the Encyclopaedia Mundarica. The beetle species Cicindela cardoni and Adoretus cardoni are among the many named in his honour.
Ram 1500 (DT)
The Ram 1500 (DT) is the fifth generation of the Ram Pickup, manufactured by the Ram Trucks division of Stellantis. The fifth generation Ram was introduced in January 2018 at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit, Michigan as a 2019 model year. Ram 1500 trucks are produced at the Sterling Heights Assembly plant in Sterling Heights, Michigan, United States.

The fourth-generation (DS) continued to be produced through the 2024 model year and was sold alongside the fifth-generation as a lower-priced option (dubbed "Classic").

North American International Auto Show
The Detroit Auto Show, formerly known as the North American International Auto Show (NAIAS), is an annual auto show held in Detroit, Michigan. Hosted at Huntington Place (formerly Cobo Center) since 1965, it is among the largest auto shows in North America, and is widely regarded as one of the automotive industry's most important events.

The show is organized by the Detroit Auto Dealers Association (DADA), and has been held annually in January for much of its recent history. It is usually open to the general public for 1–2 weeks, preceded by previews for industry employees and media, and a black-tie "charity preview" fundraiser for local children's charities.
Adelphoe
Adelphoe (also Adelphoi and Adelphi; from Greek: ἀδελφοί, Brothers) is a play by Roman playwright Terence, adapted mostly from a play of the same name by Menander, with the addition of a scene from Diphilus. It was first performed in 160 BC at the funeral games of Aemilius Paulus. Adelphoe, like all of Terence's works, survives complete. It was Terence's last play and is often considered his masterpiece. Exploring the best form of child-rearing, the play inspired Molière's The School for Husbands.

The School for Husbands
The School for Husbands is a play written by Molière and originally performed in 1661 in Paris. Inspired by the Adelphoe of Terence, it was the first of his full length plays, preceding The School for Wives by a year. The plot centers on the suitors of two sisters, each of whom is a ward of each of the two men. One suitor, Sganarelle, is controlling and overbearing of his intended wife Isabella. The other suitor, Sganarelle's older brother Ariste, treats his intended wife Léonor more as an equal. Ariste eventually finds success in his pursued relationship, while Sganarelle fails miserably, so much so, in fact, that he is unwittingly used by Isabella in seeking her preferred courter, Valère.
Divaricatic acid
Divaricatic acid is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C21H24O7.  It is found in a variety of lichens, including some in the genera Evernia, Lepraria, and Ramalina. It is classified as a depside.

Divaricatic acid forms colorless crystalline needles with a melting point of 129 °C.

Divaricatic acid has antibacterial properties against some Gram positive bacteria, such as Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus mutans, and Enterococcus faecium. Since it also has activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with a potency equivalent to that of vancomycin, it has been suggested as a potential treatment for MRSA. It also has molluscicidal activity against Biomphalaria glabrata (ram's horn snail) and antiparasitic activity against cercariae of Schistosoma mansoni (blood fluke).

Evernia
Evernia is a genus of bushy lichens in the family Parmeliaceae.
Oakmoss Evernia prunastri is used as a fixative agent in Eau de Cologne within the perfume industry. It is green on top and white on bottom, and divides evenly into "forks"; it becomes very soft when wet. It is not to be confused with Ramalina, which is straplike, stiff and bristly, green on top and bottom, and divides unevenly. Evernia is an abundant genus, found growing on trees.