hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shi Yinguang
Shi Yinguang (Chinese: 釋印光; pinyin: Shì Yìnguāng; 11 January 1862 – 2 December 1940), or Yinguang for short, was a Chinese Buddhist monk and considered the Thirteenth Patriarch of the Pure Land tradition.  Yinguang lived during the rapid societal changes of the Republic of China, and is credited as a leader in the modern Buddhist revival movement. Yinguang promoted traditional Pure Land practices, such as reciting the nianfo, in a way that resonated with modern society. In Chinese Buddhist tradition, he is also widely regarded as an emanation of the Bodhisattva Mahāsthāmaprāpta.

Lineage (Buddhism)
A lineage in Buddhism is a line of transmission of the Buddhist teaching that is "theoretically traced back to the Buddha himself." The acknowledgement of the transmission can be oral, or certified in documents. Several branches of Buddhism, including Chan (including Zen and Seon) and Tibetan Buddhism maintain records of their historical teachers. These records serve as a validation for the living exponents of the tradition.

The historical authenticity of various Buddhist lineages has been subject to debate. Stephen Batchelor has claimed, speaking about specifically Japanese Zen lineage, "the historicity of this “lineage” simply does not withstand critical scrutiny." Erik Storlie has noted that transmission "is simply false on historical grounds." Edward Conze said "much of the traditions about the early history of Chan are the inventions of a later age."
Itō Line
The Itō Line (Japanese: 伊東線, Hepburn: Itō-sen) is a railway line owned by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) which connects Atami and Itō Stations, along the east coast of Izu Peninsula in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. From Itō, the line continues south to Shimoda under the privately owned and operated Izu Kyūkō Line.

Izu Peninsula
The Izu peninsula (伊豆半島, Izu Hantō; Japanese pronunciation: [i.(d)zɯ, i.(d)zɯ haꜜn.toː]) is a mountainous peninsula with a deeply indented coastline to the west of Tokyo on the Pacific coast of the island of Honshu, Japan, the largest of the four main islands of Japan. Formerly known as Izu Province, Izu peninsula is now a part of Shizuoka Prefecture.  The peninsula has an area of 1,421.24 km2 (548.74 sq mi) and its estimated population in 2005 was 473,942 people.  The peninsula's populated areas are located primarily on the north and east.
Harry M. Beer
Harry McWaters Beer (15 April 1913 – 23 March 1987) was a Canadian Quaker and Headmaster of Pickering College.

Beer was educated at Pickering College and served as French Master from 1938 to 1953 before becoming the school's longest-serving Headmaster from 1953 to 1978.

Beer championed the abolition of corporal punishment as a means of discipline to the Canadian Association of Independent Schools, which eventually outlawed caning and other physical punishments as a result. The practice was subsequently outlawed across Canada in 2004. Beer brought other pacifist ideals to Pickering College during his term as Headmaster, including human rights, social justice, end environmental concerns in the teaching curriculum.

He was brother-in-law of diplomat and academic John Wendell Holmes and father of politician Charles Beer.

Charles Beer
John Charles McWaters Beer (born November 24, 1941) is a former Canadian politician. He was a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1987 to 1995 and served as a cabinet minister in the government of David Peterson.
Veniamin Smekhov
Veniamin Borisovich Smekhov (Russian: Вениами́н Бори́сович Сме́хов; born 10 August 1940) is a Russian stage and film actor and director. He was the winner of the Petropol Award (2000) as well as the Tsarskoselsky Artistic Prize (2009, 2023).  He refused the title of People's Artist of Russia, which was offered to him on his 70th birthday.

Smekhov has long worked in the Moscow Taganka Theatre, where his roles included Woland in a stage adaptation of Mikhail Bulgakov's The Master and Margarita. In film, he is best known for the role of Athos in a Russian version of D'Artagnan and Three Musketeers (1978) and its sequels (1992, 1993). He also has written poetry, scripts and memoirs.

Athos (character)
Athos, Count de la Fère, is a fictional character in the novels The Three Musketeers (1844), Twenty Years After (1845) and The Vicomte de Bragelonne (1847–1850) by Alexandre Dumas, père. He is a highly fictionalised version of the historical musketeer Armand d'Athos (1615–1643).
I'll Take Manhattan
I'll Take Manhattan is a 1986 novel by American author Judith Krantz, originally published on April 20, 1986, by Crown Publishers. It has been described as Krantz's best novel because it is the one most closely rooted in her own experience as a writer and socialite.

In 1987, the novel was adapted into a CBS television miniseries of the same name.

I'll Take Manhattan (miniseries)
I'll Take Manhattan is a four-part 1987 American television miniseries,  adapted from Judith Krantz's 1986 novel of the same name. Screened by CBS, it tells the story of the wealthy Amberville family, who run their own publishing company in New York. After the death of the patriarch of the family, the company is taken over by his unscrupulous brother Cutter. Zachary's children, especially his energetic and intelligent daughter Maxi, begin a battle to regain control of their father's company.

I'll Take Manhattan was the highest-rated miniseries of the 1986–87 US television season with a 22.9/35 rating/share.
Albert Salomon (surgeon)
Albert Salomon (1883–1976) was a Jewish-German surgeon at the Royal Surgical University Clinic in Berlin. He is best known for his study of early mastectomies that is considered the beginning of mammography. He was the father of the artist Charlotte Salomon.

Charlotte Salomon
Charlotte Salomon (16 April 1917 – 10 October 1943) was a German-Jewish artist born in Berlin. She is primarily remembered as the creator of an autobiographical series of paintings Leben? oder Theater?: Ein Singspiel (Life? or Theater?: A Song-play), the largest known artwork made by a Jewish person who died in the Holocaust, consisting of 769 individual works painted between 1941 and 1943 in the south of France, while Salomon was in hiding from the Nazis. In October 1943 Salomon, 5 months pregnant at that time, was captured and deported to Auschwitz, where she was murdered by the Nazis soon after her arrival. In 2015, a 35-page confession by Salomon to the fatal poisoning of her grandfather, kept secret for decades, was released by a Parisian publisher.
2012 Summer Paralympics opening ceremony
The 2012 Summer Paralympics opening ceremony was held on 29 August 2012, starting at 20:30 BST and marking the official opening of the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London, England. The show, named Enlightenment, had Jenny Sealey and Bradley Hemmings as its artistic directors, leading a team that included Jon Bausor as set designer and Moritz Junge as costume designer. Queen Elizabeth II officially opened the Games. The ceremony was performed in the Olympic Stadium in London in front of a capacity audience of 80,000 people.

Jenny Sealey
Jenny Sealey MBE (born 1963) is an English theatre director from Nottingham.

In 2012 Sealey was one of the artistic directors for the 2012 Summer Paralympics opening ceremony. She has been the artistic director of the Theatre Company Graeae since 1997.

Sealey's work in theatre and the creative arts focusses on empowering deaf and disabled actors through inclusive productions.

She was appointed as a vice-president of the Royal Central School of Speech and Drama in 2022.

In August 2023 Sealey's Edinburgh Festival Fringe play Self-Raising received a Neurodiverse Review Award.
Adoration of the Shepherds (Lotto)
Adoration of the Shepherds is a c. 1534 oil-on-canvas painting by the Italian Renaissance artist Lorenzo Lotto, signed "Lottus" and now in the Pinacoteca Tosio Martinengo in Brescia. Its dating is based on stylistic motifs such as the naturalistic details similar to those of the Recanati Annunciation. It also shows similarities to nativities painted around the same time by Girolamo Savoldo, whom Lotto met in Venice. It seems to have been commissioned by Braccio II and Sforza Baglioni, two noblemen from Perugia, who were the models for the two shepherds. They may have met the artist in the Marche during a pilgrimage to Loreto. A ring on Mary's right hand is probably an allusion to the Holy Ring, a relic in Perugia Cathedral, which supports the idea that the work was produced for that city. This provenance is solely based on an account from 1824 by the art dealer who that year sold it to Paolo Tosio, a count from Brescia.

Pinacoteca Tosio Martinengo
The Pinacoteca Tosio Martinengo is a public art museum in Brescia, Lombardy, Italy.

Established in 1851, the museum exhibits mainly paintings by local artists dated from the Thirteenth through the Eighteenth century. The museum's current collection includes over 800 works of painting and sculpture, displayed in 21 galleries.

The museum reopened on 17 March 2018 after a major nine-year-long renovation project.
You Weren't There
You Weren't There: A History of Chicago Punk, 1977–1984 is a 2007 documentary film about punk subculture in Chicago from 1977 through 1984. The film was written and directed by Joe Losurdo and Christina Tillman, and profiles the punk bars and local bands that gave rise to the city's punk rock scene in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Losurdo was the one-time bass player for the Chicago-based 1980s hardcore band, Life Sentence, although his group is not profiled in the movie.  Reviewer Max Goldberg of the San Francisco Bay Guardian called the film "a thrillingly exhaustive survey of early Chicago punk."

You Weren't There was released on DVD in 2009. A limited edition white vinyl LP of the soundtrack was also issued and came packaged with copies of the DVD. The film was released on Vimeo in 2014.

DA! (band)
DA! was a Chicago-based post-punk band of the early 1980s, known for their songs "Dark Rooms" and "Time Will Be Kind".  Their sound was influenced by artists such as the Cure, Gang of Four, Bauhaus and Siouxsie and the Banshees.
Piano Sonata No. 8 (Prokofiev)
Sergei Prokofiev's Piano Sonata No. 8 in B♭ major, Op. 84 is a sonata for solo piano, the third and longest of the three "war sonatas", with performances typically lasting around 30 minutes. He completed it in 1944 and dedicated it to his partner Mira Mendelson, who later became his second wife. The sonata was first performed on 30 December 1944, in Moscow, by Emil Gilels.

Emil Gilels
Emil Grigoryevich Gilels (19 October [O.S. 6 October] 1916 – 14 October 1985; born Samuil) was a Russian and Soviet pianist. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest pianists of all time. His sister Elizabeth, three years his junior, was a violinist.  His daughter Elena became a pianist.
Andrushivka
Andrushivka (Ukrainian: Андрушівка, IPA: [ɐndrʊˈʃiu̯kɐ] ⓘ) is a city in Berdychiv Raion, Zhytomyr Oblast, Ukraine. Prior to the 2020 administrative reform, it was the administrative center of the former Andrushivka Raion. The population in 2023 is 8669 people.

The city is located in the south-east of the oblast, on the banks of the Huyva River, a distance of 47 km from the regional capital of Zhytomyr. Andrushivka received city status in 1975. The town hosts Andrushivka Astronomical Observatory (A50). It is connected by railway, served by Andrushivka railway station.

Andrushivka Raion
Andrushivka Raion (Ukrainian: Андрушівський район) was a raion (district) of Zhytomyr Oblast, northern Ukraine. Its administrative centre was located at the town of Andrushivka. The raion covered an area of 960.11 square kilometres (370.70 sq mi). The raion was abolished on 19 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Zhytomyr Oblast to four. The area of Andrushivka Raion was merged into Berdychiv Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 32,030 (2020 est.)
Príncipe de Asturias Peak
Príncipe de Asturias Peak (Bulgarian: връх Принсипе де Астуриас, romanized: vrah Prinsipe de Asturias, IPA: [ˈvrɤx ˈprinsipɛ dɛ ɐsˈturiɐs]; Spanish: Pico del Príncipe de Asturias, IPA: [ˈpiko ðel ˈpɾinθipe ðe asˈtuɾjas]) is the peak rising to 4498 m in Vinson Massif, Sentinel Range in Ellsworth Mountains, Antarctica, and surmounting Branscomb Glacier to the west-northwest, Roché Glacier to the north and Tulaczyk Glacier to the southwest.

The peak is named for the Prince of Asturias in connection with the peak's first ascent made by the Spaniards Manuel Álvarez and Alfonso Juez on 23 January 1995.

Tulaczyk Glacier
Tulaczyk Glacier (78°35′S 85°53′W﻿ / ﻿78.583°S 85.883°W﻿ / -78.583; -85.883) is a steep valley glacier draining the west slope of Vinson Massif southwest of Príncipe de Asturias Peak, and descending between Cairns Glacier and Zapol Glacier in the Sentinel Range, Antarctica. The glacier flows southwestward and leaving the range, together with Cairns Glacier joins Nimitz Glacier west of Hodges Knoll and southeast of Klenova Peak. It was named by US-ACAN (2006) after Slawek M. Tulaczyk, Earth Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz; USAP researcher of West Antarctic ice streams from 1998.
For Today I Am a Boy
For Today I Am a Boy is a novel written by Kim Fu, published in 2014 by HarperCollins. It follows the life of Audrey Huang, a young transgender Chinese child, throughout her childhood and adolescence in Fort Michel, Ontario, and adulthood and transformation in Montreal, Quebec. The novel is named after the Anohni and the Johnsons song of the same title.

Kim Fu
Kim Fu (born 1987) is a Canadian-born writer, living in Seattle, Washington. Born in Vancouver, British Columbia to immigrant parents from Hong Kong, Fu studied creative writing at the University of British Columbia.
The Haunting of M
The Haunting of M is an American 1979 independent horror film directed by Anna Thomas and starring Sheelagh Gilbey, Nini Pitt, Evie Garratt, Alan Hay, and Jo Scott Matthews. This is the only film directed by Thomas, with her husband Gregory Nava acting as a cinematographer. Thomas shot the film in a castle in Scotland inviting a little known cast. The film premiered at the Chicago International Film Festival.

Anna Thomas
Anna Thomas (born July 12, 1948) is a German-born American author, screenwriter, and film producer. She is best known as the author of the 1972 cookbook The Vegetarian Epicure, which was highly influential vegetarian cookbook. She is currently discipline head of the Screenwriting department at the American Film Institute.
Sam460ex
Sam460ex is a line of modular motherboards produced by the Italian company ACube Systems Srl. The machine was released in October 2010 and can run AmigaOS 4, MorphOS, AROS or Debian GNU/Linux (CruxPPC at first, and then Debian Squeeze  or Ubuntu ).

The Sam460ex made its debut at the Vintage Computer Festival at Bletchley Park in the UK on 19 June 2010, where it was demonstrated to the public running AmigaOS 4.1 along with the Timberwolf web browser, a port of the Mozilla Firefox for the AmigaOS 4. Its hardware features were also showcased, with its SIM card slot and aerial, its ability to boot AmigaOS from SD card. In September 2011, Acube Systems introduced AmigaOne 500 based on Sam460ex mainboard.

AmigaOS 4
AmigaOS 4 (abbreviated as OS4 or AOS4) is a line of Amiga operating systems which runs on PowerPC microprocessors. It is mainly based on AmigaOS 3.1 source code developed by Commodore, and partially on version 3.9 developed by Haage & Partner. "The Final Update" (for OS version 4.0) was released on 24 December 2006 (originally released in April 2004) after five years of development by the Belgian company Hyperion Entertainment under license from Amiga, Inc. for AmigaOne registered users.
Antonio Bachour
Antonio Bachour (1975 in Rio Grande, Puerto Rico) is a Puerto Rican pastry chef. In 2011, he was named one of the ten best pastry chefs in America, and subsequently won the 2012 Zest Award for Baking & Pastry Innovator after having been nominated for the 2011 award. Zagat has described him as a "confection master".

Río Grande, Puerto Rico
Río Grande (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈri.o ˈɣɾande]) is a town and municipality of Puerto Rico located on the eastern edge of the Northern Coastal Valley, north of Las Piedras, Naguabo and Ceiba; east of Loíza and Canóvanas and west of Luquillo. Río Grande is spread over eight barrios and Río Grande Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city). It is part of the San Juan-Caguas-Guaynabo Metropolitan Statistical Area. A big portion of El Yunque National Forest, including El Yunque's peak, is located within the municipality.
Langley Air Force Base
Langley Air Force Base (IATA: LFI, ICAO: KLFI, FAA LID: LFI) is a United States Air Force base located in Hampton, Virginia, adjacent to Newport News. It was one of thirty-two Air Service training camps established after the entry of the United States into World War I in April 1917.

In October 2010, Langley Air Force Base was joined with Fort Eustis to become Joint Base Langley–Eustis. The base was established in accordance with congressional legislation implementing the recommendations of the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure Commission. The legislation ordered the consolidation of the two facilities which were nearby, but separate military installations, into a single joint base, one of 12 formed in the United States as a result of the law.

On February 4, 2023, an F-22 Raptor took off from the base and shot down a Chinese balloon, marking the jet's first-ever combat air kill.

Joint base
A joint base (JB) is a base of the armed forces of the United States utilized by multiple military services; one service hosts one or more other services as tenants on the base. In most cases, joint bases have interservice support agreements (ISSAs) to govern how the host provides services to the tenants.

The practice originated during Base Realignment and Closure (BRAC), 1993, in which joint reserve bases were established at Willow Grove, Pennsylvania, and Fort Worth, Texas. Base Realignment and Closure, 2005 added to this list when 26 bases were combined into twelve and renamed as joint bases.  In addition, several other uses of the term "joint" are used in names of some United States military bases are described below.
Marina, Old San Juan
Marina is one of 7 subbarrios of the San Juan Antiguo barrio in the municipality of San Juan in Puerto Rico. Marina, named after the oldest portion of the Port of San Juan located there, is one of the six subbarrios which form part of the Old San Juan Historic District.

San Juan Antiguo
San Juan Antiguo is one of the 18 barrios of San Juan, Puerto Rico. San Juan Antiguo is further divided into 7 subbarrios. San Juan Antiguo is located entirely within the Isleta de San Juan, a small island off the coast of Puerto Rico where the original colonial settlement of San Juan was founded. It is connected to the main island of Puerto Rico by two bridges and a causeway.
FKU IK-3, Kharp
FKU IK-3 (Russian: ФКУ ИК-3) of the Federal Penitentiary Service of Russia for the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, also known as Polar Wolf (Russian: Полярный волк, romanized: Polyarnyy volk) or Yamskaya Troika (Ямская тройка), is a men's maximum security corrective colony in the town of Kharp in the Priuralsky District in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. It has an occupancy limit of 1,085 people (1,050 by another source).

Corrective labor colony
A corrective colony (Russian: исправительная колония, romanized: ispravitelnaya koloniya, abbr.  ИК/IK) is the most common type of prison in Russia. Such colonies combine penal detention with compulsory work (penal labor). The system of labor colonies and camps originated in 1929, and after 1953, the corrective penal colonies in the Soviet Union developed as a post-Stalin replacement of the Gulag labor camp system.
Kom (Jessica Andersson song)
Kom (transl. "Come") is a song written by Rob Wåtz and Raz Lindwall and performed by Jessica Andersson. The song was selected as one of the competing songs in Melodifestivalen 2007, a song competition to represent Sweden at the Eurovision Song Contest. The song finished fourth in the second semi-final on 10 February 2007 and processed to the second chance round, where it was eliminated by Sanna Nielsen's "Vågar du, vågar jag" on 3 March 2007.

The single was released on 9 March 2007, peaking at number 16 on the Swedish Singles Chart.

Jessica Andersson
Jessica Elisabeth Andersson (born Jessica Arvidsson on 27 October 1973) is a Swedish singer and songwriter. She was part of the Swedish duo Fame with Magnus Bäcklund between 2002 and 2006 after they met at the reality television show Fame Factory. As Fame, she represented Sweden in Eurovision Song Contest 2003 held in Riga, Latvia with "Give Me Your Love" finishing fifth.

After the breakup of the band, she developed a solo singing career, releasing four studio albums, and has appeared solo six times in Melodifestivalen competitions in 2006, 2007, 2010, 2015, 2018 and in 2021.
Karnare Col
Karnare Col (Bulgarian: седловина Кърнаре, Sedlovina Karnare /se-dlo-vi-'na k&r-'na-re/) is the narrow rocky col of elevation 2,376 m (7,795 ft) between the southeast slopes of Mount Craddock and the northeast ridge of Mount Strybing, linking Craddock Massif to Owen Ridge in southern Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains in Antarctica.  It extends 1.7 km (1.1 mi) from east to west, with a depression in its eastern part. It is part of the glacial divide between Nimitz Glacier and Rutford Ice Stream, overlooking Severinghaus Glacier to the southwest and Saltzman Glacier to the northeast.

The col is named after the settlement of Karnare in Southern Bulgaria.

Saltzman Glacier
Saltzman Glacier (78°39′S 84°51′W﻿ / ﻿78.650°S 84.850°W﻿ / -78.650; -84.850) is a glacier that drains the north slopes of Mount Allen, the east slopes of Mount Strybing and Karnare Col, and the southeast slopes of Mount Craddock, and flows eastwards between Mount Osborne and Moyher Ridge into Thomas Glacier in southern Sentinel Range, Ellsworth Mountains in Antarctica.

Named by US-ACAN (2006) after Eric S. Saltzman, Department of Earth System Science, University of California, Irvine; USAP investigator of Antarctic ice core records of oceanic emissions; chair, 2006, U.S. National Ice Core Working Group for use of Antarctic ice cores for research purposes.
Ghostbusters (franchise)
The Ghostbusters franchise consists of American supernatural comedies, based on an original concept created by Dan Aykroyd and Harold Ramis in 1984. The premise follows a group of eccentric New York City parapsychologists who investigate and eliminate ghosts, paranormal manifestations, demigods, and demons. The franchise has expanded with licensed action figures, books, comics, video games, television series, theme park attractions, and other branded merchandise. Bill Murray, Dan Aykroyd, Ernie Hudson and Annie Potts are the only actors to have appeared in all five films in the Ghostbusters franchise.

Ivan Reitman
Ivan Reitman OC (/ˈraɪtmən/; October 27, 1946 – February 12, 2022) was a Canadian film director and producer. He was known for his comedy films, especially in the 1980s and 1990s. Reitman was the owner of The Montecito Picture Company, founded in 1998.

Films he directed include Meatballs (1979), Stripes (1981), Ghostbusters (1984), Twins (1988), Ghostbusters II (1989), Kindergarten Cop (1990), Dave (1993), Junior (1994) and Draft Day (2014). Reitman also served as producer for such films as National Lampoon's Animal House (1978), Heavy Metal (1981), Space Jam (1996) and Private Parts (1997).