hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bruce McLean
Bruce McLean  (born 1944) is a Scottish sculptor, performance artist and painter.

McLean was born in Glasgow and studied at Glasgow School of Art from 1961 to 1963, and at Saint Martin's School of Art, London, from 1963 to 1966. At Saint Martin's, McLean studied with Anthony Caro and Phillip King.
In reaction to what he regarded as the academicism of his teachers he began making sculpture from rubbish.

McLean has produced paintings, sculptures, ceramics, prints, work with film, theatre and books. McLean was Head of Graduate Painting at The Slade School of Fine Art London 
He has had one-man exhibitions including Tate Gallery in London, Arnolfini, Bristol, The New Art Gallery, Walsall, The Modern Art Gallery in Vienna and Museum of Modern Art, Oxford.

In 1985, he won the John Moores Painting Prize.

Mclean lives and works in London. His son is the architect Will McLean.

John Moores Painting Prize
The John Moores Painting Prize is a biennial award to the best contemporary  painting, submission is open to the public. The prize is named for Sir John Moores, noted philanthropist, who established the award in 1957. The winning work and short-listed pieces are exhibited at the Walker Art Gallery as part of the Liverpool Biennial festival of visual art.
Durga Vahini
Durga Vahini (ISO: Durgā Vāhīnī, lit. 'Battalion of Durga') is the women's wing of the Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP). It was established in 1991 and its founding chairperson is Sadhvi Rithambara. The Vishva Hindu Parishad states the purpose of the Durga Vahini is to empower women, encourage more women to participate in spiritual and cultural activities. Kalpana Vyash, a senior leader of the organisation, said that the Durga Vahini members dedicate themselves "to physical, mental and intellectual development". The aim of the organisation is to establish Hindu solidarity by helping Hindu families during the time of hardship and by providing social services. According to Vyash, the total membership of the group is 8,000 as of 2002, and 1,000 members are from Ahmedabad.

Sadhvi Ritambhara
Sadhvi Ritambhara (born 31 December 1963) is a Hindu activist, public speaker and nationalist ideologue who is the founder-chairperson of Durga Vahini, the women's wing of the Vishva Hindu Parishad (VHP), established in 1991. She gained national prominence with VHP in the late 1980s through the Jan Jagran Abhiyan, and in the 1990s during the run up to the Babri Masjid demolition. Subsequently, she was falsely accused in the Liberhan Commission report, though later acquitted by the CBI court in 2020.

In January 2025, Sadhvi Ritambhara was conferred with India's third-highest civilian award, the Padma Bhushan.
Kreis Berent
The Berent district was a Prussian district that existed from 1818 to 1920. It was in the part of West Prussia that fell to Poland after World War I in 1920. Its capital was Berent. From 1939 to 1945, the district was re-established in German-occupied Poland as part of the newly established Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia. Today the territory of the district is located in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship.

Skarszewy
Skarszewy [skarˈʂɛvɨ] (German: Schöneck in Westpreußen) is a town in Starogard Gdański County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It is located within the ethnocultural region of Kociewie in the historic region of Pomerania, 40 kilometres (25 miles) south of Gdańsk. Population: 6 809 (30 June 2005). It is the seat of the urban-rural administrative district Gmina Skarszewy.

Founded in the medieval period, Skarszewy is a former royal town of Poland, which served as the capital of the Pomeranian Voivodeship from 1613 to 1772. The old town is enclosed by remains of 14th-century stone walls and its landmarks include the Gothic parish Church of St. Michael the Archangel with well-preserved Baroque furnishings, a preserved market square and a medieval castle of Knights Hospitaller, which in the early modern period housed a court in which Józef Wybicki, the author of the lyrics of the Polish national anthem, studied law. In 2005 the town was given the title the Pearl of Pomerania.
Membranous labyrinth
The membranous labyrinth is a collection of fluid filled tubes and chambers in the inner ear which contain the receptors for the senses of equilibrium and hearing. It is lodged within the bony labyrinth  and has the same general form; it is, however, considerably smaller and is partly separated from the bony walls by a quantity of fluid, the perilymph.

In certain places, it is fixed to the walls of the cavity.

The membranous labyrinth contains fluid called endolymph. The walls of the membranous labyrinth are lined with distributions of the cochlear nerve, one of the two branches of the vestibulocochlear nerve. The other branch is the vestibular nerve.

Within the vestibule, the membranous labyrinth does not quite preserve the form of the bony labyrinth, but consists of two membranous sacs, the utricle, and the saccule.

The membranous labyrinth is also the location for the receptor cells found in the inner ear.

Perilymph
Perilymph is an extracellular fluid located within the inner ear. It is found within the scala tympani and scala vestibuli of the cochlea.  The ionic composition of perilymph is comparable to that of plasma and cerebrospinal fluid. The major cation in perilymph is sodium, with the values of sodium and potassium concentration in the perilymph being 138 mM and 6.9 mM, respectively. It is also named Cotunnius' liquid and liquor cotunnii for Domenico Cotugno.
Mariellen MacKay
Mariellen J. MacKay is an American politician. She was a member of the New Hampshire House of Representatives and represented Hillsborough's 30th district.

In April 2017, MacKay switched from Democrat to Republican. She was a candidate in the 2020 New Hampshire Senate election in District 13.

2020 New Hampshire Senate election
The 2020 New Hampshire Senate elections took place as part of the biennial 2020 United States elections. New Hampshire voters elected state senators in all of the state's 24 senate districts. State senators serve two-year terms in the New Hampshire Senate, with all of the seats up for election each cycle. The primary elections on September 8, 2020, determined which candidates will appear on the November 3, 2020, general election ballot.

Following the 2018 election, Democrats had control of the New Hampshire Senate with 14 seats to Republicans' 10 seats. Following the 2020 election, the Republicans flipped four seats and thus control of the chamber alongside flipping the New Hampshire House of Representatives.
Space World
Space World (Japanese: スペースワールド, Hepburn: Supēsu Wārudo) was a theme park in Yahatahigashi-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan, Japan. It had six roller coasters: Black Hole Scramble, Venus GP, Zaturn, Boogie-woogie Space Coaster, Titan Max, and Clipper.

In 2016, the park officially announced that it would close at the end of the following year.  The park permanently closed at 2 am, 1 January 2018.

The Venus GP roller coaster was relocated to Himeji Central Park after Space World's closure. The ride reopened in 2022.

Yahatahigashi-ku, Kitakyūshū
Yahatahigashi-ku (八幡東区) is a ward of Kitakyūshū, Fukuoka, Japan. It is the second smallest ward in Kitakyūshū after Tobata ward at only 36.36 square kilometres. Residents have a very high average age, one of the highest in Japan. The population was 77,077 at the end of September 2003.
Alexander Rose (geologist)
Alexander Rose (1781 – 1860) of Edinburgh was a wood and ivory turner, following in the footsteps of his father, John, who came from Cromarty. He developed an interest in minerals and began a mineral collection, becoming a dealer in minerals. He later became a lecturer in geology and mineralogy at Queen's College, Edinburgh and was eventually nominated as a Fellow of the Royal Scottish Academy.

He was educated at the Royal High School and in 1816, he married Isabella Boyne. They had three sons and six daughters.

In 1834, eleven of his students set up the Edinburgh Geological Society, of which Rose became President for eleven years until 1846. He retired from active work in 1856 and died four years later.

The University of Edinburgh archives contain a number of letters from Scottish geologist Hugh Miller to Rose, commenting on some articles that Rose had written.

In 1956, Rose's grandson's widow Mary Tweedie Stodart Rose published a short biography of Rose.

Edinburgh Geological Society
The Edinburgh Geological Society (EGS) was founded in 1834 in Edinburgh, Scotland, with the aim of stimulating public interest in geology and the advancement of geological knowledge. It was a time of debate and controversy surrounding the emerging science of geology and Edinburgh was one of the centres of this debate, which is why the Society is among the oldest of the Scottish scientific societies.

Throughout its 170-year history, the Society has seen major changes in geological thinking, from Darwin's theories of evolution to the modern ideas on plate tectonics. The Society still seeks to stimulate public interest and offers a range of facilities to members including lectures, excursions, publications and the maintenance of a geological library.
Marisa Kelly
Marisa Kelly is an American political scientist and academic administrator who is the current president of Suffolk University in Boston, Massachusetts.

Kelly received a B.A. in Government from California State University, Sacramento in 1986 and an MA in Political Theory from San Francisco State University. She then earned a PhD in Political Science from the University of Kansas in 1994.

From 1994 to 2006 Kelly was a faculty member and administrator at University of the Pacific in Stockton, California. She then worked as dean and McQuinn Distinguished Chair of the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of St. Thomas (Minnesota) from 2006 to 2011. Kelly was provost and vice president at Ithaca College from 2011 to 2014, and joined Suffolk as provost in 2014. She was interim president of Suffolk University before being appointed president in 2018.

Ithaca College
Ithaca College is a private college in Ithaca, New York, United States. It was founded by William Egbert in 1892 as a conservatory of music. Ithaca College provides media-related programs and entertainment programs within the Roy H. Park School of Communications and the Ithaca College School of Music, Theatre, and Dance. The college has a liberal arts focus, and offers several pre-professional programs, along with several graduate programs, mainly in business, health sciences, and teaching degrees through the School of Humanities and Sciences.
Gibsonia, Pennsylvania
Gibsonia is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Richland Township, Allegheny County, in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania, north of the city of Pittsburgh.

It had a population of 2,785 at the 2020 Census. Its ZIP code is 15044.

Allegheny County, Pennsylvania
Allegheny County (/ˌælɪˈɡeɪni/ AL-ig-AY-nee) is a county in Pennsylvania, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 1,250,578, making it the state's second-most populous county, after Philadelphia County. Its county seat and most populous city is Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania's second most populous city. The county is part of the Greater Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth, and is the center of the Pittsburgh media market.

Allegheny was the first county in Pennsylvania to be given a Native American name. It was named after the Lenape word for the Allegheny River. The meaning of "Allegheny" is uncertain. It is usually said to mean "fine river". Some historians state that the name may come from a Lenape account of an ancient mythical tribe called "Allegewi" who lived along the river before being taken over by the Lenape.
Patricia Summersett
Patricia Summersett (born March 15, 1982) is an American-Canadian actress known for voicing Princess Zelda in The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild, Hyrule Warriors: Age of Calamity,The Legend of Zelda: Tears of the Kingdom, and Hyrule Warriors: Age of Imprisonment .

Alongside her voice work, Summersett has also appeared on television and film, most notably in  Street Legal as Maeve, in The Saver as Rachel, and in Three Pines as recurring character Angela Blake.

Three Pines
Three Pines is a mystery television series starring Alfred Molina based on the novel series by Louise Penny, centered on Chief Inspector Armand Gamache. It premiered on Amazon Prime Video on 2 December 2022 with four murder mysteries, each spanning two episodes. In March 2023, it was announced that the series would not receive a second season, remaining a miniseries.
Kate Boy
Kate Boy are a Swedish synth-pop duo from Stockholm. The group was founded by Kate Akhurst, from Australia, and Markus Dextegen, from Sweden, together with former Swedish members Hampus Nordgren Hemlin and Oskar Sikow. All members have participated in writing, producing and playing instruments. They released their debut studio album, One, in November 2015.

Oskar Sikow
Oskar Sikow (Oskar Engström) is a RIAA Gold-awarded record producer and songwriter from Stockholm, Sweden. Sikow has collaborated with artists such as Kacy Hill, LANY, Skott, Erik Hassle, among others. He was a founding member of the alternative pop band Kate Boy but left the band in 2013, and of late has started the new artist project Snow Culture together with Swedish artist and songwriter Ana Diaz.
Cuyler, New York
Cuyler is a town in Cortland County, New York, United States. The population was 908 at the 2020 census.

The town is in the northeastern corner of Cortland County and is northeast of the city of Cortland.

Cortland County, New York
Cortland County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population of Cortland County was 46,809. The county seat is Cortland. The county is named after Pierre Van Cortlandt, president of the convention at Kingston that wrote the first New York State Constitution in 1777, and first lieutenant governor of the state. The county is part of the Central New York region of the state.

Cortland County comprises the Cortland, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Ithaca–Cortland, NY Combined Statistical Area.

The Cortland apple is named for the county.
2003 Milan–San Remo
The 2003 Milan–San Remo was the 94th edition of the monument classic Milan–San Remo and was won by Italian Paolo Bettini of Quick-Step–Davitamon. The race was run on March 22, 2003, and the 297 kilometres (185 mi) was covered in 6 hours, 44 minutes and 43 seconds.

Paolo Bettini
Paolo Bettini (born 1 April 1974) is an Italian former champion road racing cyclist, and the former coach of the Italian national cycling team. Considered the best classics specialist of his generation, and probably one of the strongest of all times, he won gold medals in the 2004 Athens Olympics road race and in the 2006 and 2007 World Road Race Championships. He is nicknamed Il Grillo ("the cricket") for his repeated sudden attacks and his sprinting style.

He gained prominence by winning Liège–Bastogne–Liège in 2000 and 2002. He set the record for World Cup wins in a season in 2003, winning the Milan–San Remo, HEW Cyclassics and Clásica de San Sebastián. He won the Giro di Lombardia in 2005 and 2006, the Züri-Metzgete in 2001 and 2005 and Tirreno–Adriatico in 2004.
Fishbourne, Isle of Wight
Fishbourne is a village between Wootton and Ryde, on the Isle of Wight. It is positioned on the eastern bank of Wootton Creek, and includes the terminal for the Wightlink car ferry from Portsmouth.

Fishbourne, together with the adjoining Kite Hill area, became a civil parish in 2006 and has a parish council. The parish includes the ruined Norman abbey (founded 1132) and the Benedictine monastery including Quarr Abbey (founded in the early 1900s). Fishbourne is part of the electoral ward called Binstead and Fishbourne. This ward covers much of the Binstead district of Ryde parish and at the 2011 Census had a total population of 3,185.

The Royal Victoria Yacht Club and the Fishbourne Inn are located near the ferry terminal.

Public transport is provided by Southern Vectis bus routes 4 and 9, which stop on the main road, and operate to East Cowes, Newport and Ryde.

Quarr Abbey
Quarr Abbey (French: Abbaye Notre-Dame de Quarr) is a monastery between the villages of Binstead and Fishbourne on the Isle of Wight in southern England. The name is pronounced as "Kwor" (rhyming with "for"). It belongs to the Catholic Order of St Benedict.

The Grade I listed monastic buildings and church, completed in 1912, are considered some of the most important twentieth-century religious structures in the United Kingdom; Sir Nikolaus Pevsner described the Abbey as "among the most daring and successful church buildings of the early 20th century in England". They were constructed from Belgian brick in a style combining French, Byzantine and Moorish architectural elements. In the vicinity are a few remains of the original twelfth-century abbey.

A community of fewer than a dozen monks maintains the monastery's regular life and the attached farm.  As of 2013, the community provides two-month internships for young men.
Pose (computer vision)
In the fields of computing and computer vision, pose (or spatial pose) represents the position and the orientation of an object, each usually in three dimensions. Poses are often stored internally as transformation matrices. The term “pose” is largely synonymous with the term “transform”, but a transform may often include scale, whereas pose does not.

In computer vision, the pose of an object is often estimated from camera input by the process of pose estimation. This information can then be used, for example, to allow a robot to manipulate an object or to avoid moving into the object based on its perceived position and orientation in the environment. Other applications include skeletal action recognition.

Transformation matrix
In linear algebra, linear transformations can be represented by matrices. If  is a linear transformation mapping  to  and  is a column vector with  entries, then there exists an  matrix , called the transformation matrix of , such that:

Note that  has  rows and  columns, whereas the transformation  is from  to .  There are alternative expressions of transformation matrices involving row vectors that are preferred by some authors.
Hulaku
Hulaku is a settlement in Rõuge Parish, Võru County in southeastern Estonia. Between 1991 and 2017 (until the administrative reform of Estonian municipalities) the village was located in Haanja Parish.

Haanja Parish
Haanja Parish (Estonian: Haanja vald; Võro: Haani vald) was a rural municipality in Võru County, southeastern Estonia.

In 2017, it merged with Rõuge Parish, Mõniste Parish, Misso Parish, and Varstu Parish to create a new entity. It retained the Rõuge Parish name.
Doreen Sloane
Doreen Sloane (24 February 1934, in Birkenhead – 8 April 1990, in Liverpool) was an English actress, best known for playing Annabelle Collins, one of the original characters in the soap opera Brookside on Channel 4 between 1982 and 1990.

She trained at the Elliott Clarke Theatre School in Liverpool and appeared in repertory theatres before being cast in the first of four roles in Coronation Street.

Sloane also appeared in the films Yanks and Chariots of Fire. Other television appearances include Last of the Summer Wine, How We Used to Live, Emmerdale Farm and Coronation Street.

She died of cancer at the age of 56. The final scenes she recorded for Brookside went to air after her death.

How We Used to Live
How We Used to Live was a long-running British educational history television series, produced for most of its run by Yorkshire Television. The series, encompassing drama and documentary, remained in sporadic production from 1968 to 2002, airing on ITV and Channel 4.

Written by Freda Kelsall, the series traced the lives and fortunes of various fictional Yorkshire families from the Victorian era until the early 1970s, in and around the fictional town of Bradley, using self-contained short dramas interspersed with archive footage.
Old Colombo Dutch Hospital
The Old Colombo Dutch Hospital (known as The Dutch Hospital) is considered to be the oldest building in the Colombo Fort area dating back to the Dutch colonial era in Sri Lanka.  It is now a heritage building and a shopping and dining precinct.

Fort (Colombo)
Fort (Colombo) (Sinhala: කොටුව; Tamil: கோட்டை) is the central business district of Colombo in Sri Lanka. It is the financial district of Colombo and the location of the Colombo Stock Exchange (CSE) and the World Trade Centre of Colombo from which the CSE operates. It is also the location of the Bank of Ceylon headquarters. Along the foreshore of the Fort area is the Galle Face Green Promenade, built in 1859 under the governance of Sir Henry George Ward, the Governor of Ceylon (Sri Lanka) during British colonial era. Fort is also home to the General Post Office, hotels, government departments and offices.
Hojamyrat Geldimyradov
Hojamyrat Geldimyradov (Turkmen: Hojamyrat Geldimyradow, born 1965) is a Turkmen politician. Born in Ahal Province, he was the Minister of Economy and Finance of Turkmenistan from 2007 to 2008.

In 1989, he graduated from the Faculty of Economics and Construction Management of the Turkmen Polytechnic Institute. In 2004, he graduated from the Yaroslav Mudryi National Law University in Kharkiv. From 2005 to 2007, he was deputy minister of economics and finance of Turkmenistan.

Ministry of Finance (Turkmenistan)
The Ministry of Finance and Economy of Turkmenistan (Türkmenistanyň Maliýe we Ykdysadyýet Ministirligi) is the central government institution charged with leading the financial policy of Turkmenistan. It was established in 1991, and reformed in 2008. In 2017, it was merged again with the ministry of economy. The current Minister of Finance and Economy is Serdar Jorayyev.
R v Askov
R v Askov, [1990] 2 S.C.R. 1199, is a 1990 appeal heard before the Supreme Court of Canada which established the criteria and standards by which Canadian courts judge whether an accused's right to a speedy trial under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, Section 11(b) "to be tried within a reasonable time" has been infringed.

The appellants argued successfully that criminal charges against them should be stayed on the grounds that their trial had been unreasonably delayed, contrary to the Charter’s guarantee under Section 11(b) that "Any person charged with an offence has the right... to be tried within a reasonable time."  Disagreeing with the Court of Appeal for Ontario, the Supreme Court found that the delays were indeed unreasonable and directed a stay of proceedings against the appellants.  Thousands of pending criminal cases were consequently dismissed on similar grounds.

Section 11 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Section 11 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is the section of the Canadian Constitution that protects a person's legal rights in criminal and penal matters. There are nine enumerated rights protected in section 11.
Savage, Maryland
Savage is an unincorporated community and census-designated place located in Howard County, Maryland, United States, approximately 18 miles (29 km) south of Baltimore and 21 miles (34 km) north of Washington, D.C. It is situated close to the city of Laurel and to the planned community of Columbia. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 7,542. The former mill town is a registered historic place, and has several original buildings preserved within and around the Savage Mill Historic District.

Laurel, Maryland
Laurel is a city in  Prince George's County, Maryland United States. It is located between Washington, D.C., and Baltimore on the banks of the Patuxent River. Its population was 30,060 at the 2020 census. Founded as a mill town in the early 19th century, Laurel expanded local industry and was later able to become an early commuter town for Washington and Baltimore workers following the arrival of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in 1835.  Largely residential today, the city maintains a historic district centered on its Main Street.