hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adaptations of A Christmas Carol
A Christmas Carol, the 1843 novella by Charles Dickens (1812–1870), is one of the English author's best-known works. It is the story of Ebenezer Scrooge, a greedy miser who hates Christmas but who is transformed into a caring, kindly person through the visitations of four ghosts (Jacob Marley and the ghosts of Christmas past, present, and future). The classic work has been dramatised and adapted countless times for virtually every medium and performance genre, and new versions appear regularly.

A Christmas Carol (2020 film)
A Christmas Carol is a 2020 British Christmas drama dance film directed by Jacqui Morris and David Morris and based on Charles Dickens' 1843 novella A Christmas Carol.  It features the voices of Simon Russell Beale, Siân Phillips, Carey Mulligan, Daniel Kaluuya, Andy Serkis, Martin Freeman and Leslie Caron. It received mixed reviews from critics.
Alexander Gorban
Alexander Nikolaevich Gorban (Russian: Александр Николаевич Горба́нь; 19 April 1952 – 21 September 2025) was a scientist of Russian origin, working in the United Kingdom. He was a professor at the University of Leicester, and director of its Mathematical Modeling Centre. Gorban contributed to many areas of fundamental and applied science, including statistical physics, non-equilibrium thermodynamics, machine learning and mathematical biology.

Gorban was the author of about 20 books and 300 scientific publications. He founded several scientific schools in the areas of physical and chemical kinetics, dynamical systems theory and artificial neural networks, and is ranked as one of the 1000 most cited researchers of Russian origin. In 2020, Gorban presented a keynote talk at the IEEE World Congress on Computational Intelligence.

He supervised six habilitations and more than 30 PhD theses.

Chemical kinetics
Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding the rates of chemical reactions. It is different from chemical thermodynamics, which deals with the direction in which a reaction occurs but in itself tells nothing about its rate. Chemical kinetics includes investigations of how experimental conditions influence the speed of a chemical reaction and yield information about the reaction's mechanism and transition states, as well as the construction of mathematical models that also can describe the characteristics of a chemical reaction.
Nizam Peerwani
Nizam Peerwani is the former chief medical examiner for Tarrant County, Texas. Locally, he is notable for his role in the David Koresh–Mount Carmel incident in Waco, Texas and in the trial of Chante Jawan Mallard for the murder of Gregory Glenn Biggs.

Peerwani is a graduate of the American University of Beirut (MD '76). He completed his residency in pathology at Baylor University Medical Center in Dallas, and is board-certified in clinical, anatomic and forensic pathology.

He worked with Physicians for Human Rights on mass graves in Rwanda.

He retired from the post of medical examiner in 2021 following accusations that he had overseen "mistakes in autopsies and [given] questionable trial testimony in a death penalty case". There were allegations "that the DA’s office has a history of covering up criminal acts by Peerwani over the course of the ME's 42-year career".

Murder of Gregory Glenn Biggs
On October 26, 2001, 25-year-old nursing assistant Chante Jawan Mallard murdered 37-year-old Gregory Glenn Biggs, a homeless man, with her automobile, in Fort Worth, Texas, United States. The force of the crash lodged Biggs into the windshield. Mallard then drove home and left the man lodged in the windshield of her car, parked in her garage. He died two to three days later, according to police. Mallard was convicted and sentenced to 50 years imprisonment for murder, but will be eligible for parole in 2027.
Geography of Himachal Pradesh
The state of Himachal Pradesh is spread over an area 55,673 km2 (21,495 sq mi) and is bordered by Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh on the north, Punjab on the southwest, Haryana on the south, Uttarakhand on the southeast, a small border with Uttar Pradesh in the south (touching Sirmaur), and Tibet Autonomous Region of China on the east. Entire Himachal Pradesh lies in the mountainous Himalaya region, rich in natural resources

Reo Purgyil
Reo Purgyil (6,816 m), and it's shorter twin known as Leo Pargial or Leo Pargil (6,791 m), are twin mountain peak at the southern end of the Zanskar Range in the Western Himalaya located on the border between Himachal Pradesh, India and Tibet, China.

Reo Purgyil, is the highest mountain peak in the state of Himachal Pradesh. This dome shaped peak, often obscured by clouds, is part of a great massif that rises above the Sutlej river and overlooks the western valleys of Tibet. The Spiti River, a right bank tributary of the Satluj, drains the northern face of the massif.

Leo Pargial, a well-known slightly shorter twin of Reo Purgyil, is located about 2 km north of Reo Purgyil.

NH-505 passes by the nearby Nako village located on the slopes of the Reo Purgyil mountain, close to the India-Tibet border.
Mikołaj Wejher
Mikołaj Wejher (died 1647) was a Polish nobleman from the prominent Wejher family. He was the son of Jan Wejher and Anna Szczawińska.

He held various offices in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. He was Voivode of Malbork since 1641 and Voivode of Chełmno since 1643. Mikołaj was also starost of Radzyń and Kowalewo.

Malbork Voivodeship
The Malbork Voivodeship (Polish: Województwo malborskie), after Partitions of Poland also referred to as the Malbork Land (Polish: Ziemia malborska), was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Kingdom of Poland from 1454/1466 until the Partitions of Poland in 1772–1795. Its capital was at Malbork.

Together with the Pomeranian and Chełmno Voivodeships and the Prince-Bishopric of Warmia it formed the historical province of Royal Prussia, and with several more voivodeships it formed part of the Greater Poland Province.
Osei Kofi Tutu I
Osei Kofi Tutu I (c. 1660 – c. 1717) was one of the founders of the Ashanti Empire, assisted by Okomfo Anokye, his chief priest. He led an alliance of Asante states against Denkyira, the regional hegemon, defeating them at the 1701 Battle of Feyiase. He ruled the Kwaman State between c.1680 and 1701 and the Ashanti Empire from 1701 to 1717. As Asantehene, he incorporated a number of Akan states into the growing empire, and established the institutions of government that underpinned the state for nearly 200 years.

Akwamu Empire
The Akwamu Empire was an Akan state that rose in the 17th century in what is now southeastern Ghana. According to local tradition, the Akwamu trace their origins to the Kingdom of Twifo, but the earliest historical records place them inland, around the Atewa Hills and controlling trade routes between the coast and the inland forest. Akwamu developed into an expansionist state that enforced authority over many territories through military conquest, tributary networks, and control of regional trade. At the height of its power in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, the Akwamu Empire extended approximately 400 kilometres (250 mi) along the Gulf of Guinea, from Ouidah in present-day Benin to Winneba in modern Ghana.
Amkeni
Amkeni is an album by Burundian singer-songwriter Bukuru Celestin and the jazz fusion group Snarky Puppy that was released in 2013. It is the first of two cooperative albums by Snarky Puppy and other performers that were recorded at the Jefferson Center in Roanoke, Virginia in 2013, with the second being Family Dinner – Volume 1.

Snarky Puppy
Snarky Puppy is an American jazz fusion band led by bassist Michael League. Founded in 2004, Snarky Puppy combines a variety of jazz idioms, rock, world music, and funk and has won five Grammy Awards. Although the band has worked with vocalists, League described Snarky Puppy as "a pop band that improvises a lot, without vocals".
Tom Callahan
Thomas Francis Callahan (June 2, 1921 – October 3, 1996) was an American professional basketball player. He played collegiately for Rockhurst University. Callahan played for the Providence Steamrollers in the BAA for 13 games during the 1946–47 season.

Callahan also played baseball, and was selected to the United States national team that participated in the 1939 Amateur World Series in Havana, Cuba.

1939 Amateur World Series
The 1939 Amateur World Series was the second Amateur World Series (AWS), an international men's amateur baseball tournament. The tournament was sanctioned by the International Baseball Federation (which titled it the Baseball World Cup as of the 1988 tournament). Great Britain did not defend the AWS title it had won in the inaugural event the previous year. The tournament took place, for the first time, in Cuba. It was contested by the national teams of Cuba, Nicaragua and the United States, playing six games each from August 12 through August 26. Cuba won its first AWS title – the first of what would be a record 26 titles by the time the series ended in 2011, 22 more titles than the next closest nation.
Fox NFL Kickoff
Fox NFL Kickoff is an American sports television program that originally debuted on FS1 on September 8, 2013, and moved to Fox on September 13, 2015, and serves as the secondary pre-game show for the network's National Football League (NFL) game telecasts under the NFL on Fox brand.

The hour-long program – which airs Sunday mornings at 11:00 a.m. Eastern Time – focuses on news and analysis of the week's upcoming NFL games as well as interviews with NFL coaches and players, and live reports from sites for the network's game telecasts, serving as an extension of Fox's primary NFL pre-game show, Fox NFL Sunday, whose own analysts appear on certain segments seen on the program. An audio simulcast of the program airs on sister radio network Fox Sports Radio, which is distributed by Premiere Radio Networks.

Charissa Thompson
Charissa Jean Thompson (born May 4, 1982) is an American television host and sportscaster working for Fox Sports and Amazon Prime Video. Previously, Thompson worked for ESPN, Versus, GSN and the Big Ten Network. She was the co-host of SportsNation along with Marcellus Wiley until leaving ESPN for Fox Sports in June 2013. She became the host of Fox Sports Live on the new Fox Sports 1 network when it debuted on August 17, 2013. She also was one of the American hosts of Ultimate Beastmaster. From 2014 to 2017, Thompson was a co-host on the syndicated entertainment news show Extra.
SV Ried
SV Ried, commonly known as SV Oberbank Ried for sponsorship reasons, is an Austrian association football club based in Ried im Innkreis, Upper Austria. The team plays its home matches at Josko Arena, a stadium with a capacity of 7,680. The team will play in the Austrian Football Bundesliga, the top tier of the Austrian football league system, following promotion in the 2024–25 Austrian 2. Liga season.

BWT X Upper Austrian Arena
The Josko Arena, formerly Fill Metallbau Stadion, is a football stadium in Ried im Innkreis, Austria.  It is the home ground of SV Ried. The stadium holds 7,680 spectators and was built in 2003. The stadium was renamed in "Josko Arena", after the sponsor "Josko".
Quasipaa yei
Quasipaa yei, or Ye's spiny-vented frog, is a species of frog in the family Dicroglossidae. It is endemic to China where it is known from the Dabie Mountains that straddle the border between Hubei, Henan, and Anhui provinces. Its type locality is in Shengcheng County in Jiyuan City, Henan. Its natural habitats are temperate rivers with surrounding forests. It is potentially threatened by habitat loss. It was named for herpetologist Ye Changyuan.

The taxonomic position of this species has been in flux. Originally described as Paa (Feirana) yei in 2002, it has already been placed in genera Feirana (if raised from subgenus to genus), Yerana, and Nanorana, at least, before arriving at genus Quasipaa.

Ye Changyuan
Ye Changyuan (Chinese: 叶昌媛; born 1936) is an amphibian expert in the People's Republic of China and a researcher at the Amphibian and Reptile Laboratory of the Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
Sisneri
Sisneri is a village development committee in Okhaldhunga District in the Sagarmatha Zone of mid-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3542 living in 636 individual households.

Okhaldhunga District
Okhaldhunga District (Nepali: ओखलढुङ्गा जिल्लाListenⓘ) is one of 14 districts of Koshi Province in eastern Nepal. The district, with the municipality of Okhaldhunga as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,074.5 km2 (414.9 sq mi) and had a population of 156,702 in 2001 and 147,984 in 2011.

Okhaldhunga is the birthplace of Siddhicharan Shrestha. Shrestha, known as the Yug Kawi of Nepal (poet of the era), is a famous Nepali poet and is primarily known for his poem and song Mero Pyāro Okhalḍhungā (My dear Okhaldhunga).
Gustaf Neumann
Gustaf Neumann is an Austrian computer scientist who is specialised in information systems. He is a full professor and the chair of the Institute for Information Systems and New Media at the Vienna University of Economics and Business (WU Wien). Neumann is one of the authors of Wirtschaftsinformatik, which is the bestseller book on Information Systems in German speaking countries with more than 500.000 copies.

Vienna University of Economics and Business
The Vienna University of Economics and Business (German: Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien, lit. 'University of Economy Vienna' [ˈvɪrt.ʃaftsunivɛrsiˌtɛːt ˈviːn], WU) is a public research university in Vienna, Austria. The university received triple accreditation (AACSB, EQUIS and AMBA).
My Heart Belongs to Daddy
"My Heart Belongs to Daddy" is a song written by Cole Porter for the musical Leave It to Me! which premiered on November 9, 1938. It was originally performed by Mary Martin, who played Dolly Winslow, the young "protégée" of a rich newspaper publisher, her sugar daddy. In the musical, Dolly wears a fur coat while stranded at a Siberian railway station and surrounded by eager men. She performs a striptease and sings to them about how since she has her "daddy", she may still flirt with other men but won't "follow through".

Let's Make Love
Let's Make Love is a 1960 American musical comedy film made by 20th Century Fox in DeLuxe Color and CinemaScope. Directed by George Cukor and produced by Jerry Wald from a screenplay by Norman Krasna, Hal Kanter and Arthur Miller, the film stars Marilyn Monroe, Yves Montand and Tony Randall. It would be Monroe's last musical film performance.
Purochana
Purochana (Sanskrit: पुरोचन) is a character who is an architect in the kingdom of Hastinapur, and one of Duryodhana's trusted aides in the Indian epic Mahabharata. He was also a minister under the Kauravas.

He is better known as the individual who created the Lakshagriha (palace of lac) under the orders of Duryodhana and his evil mentor, Shakuni. Purochana himself perished in the fire meant to kill the Pandavas. In his previous life, he had been born as Prahasta, who was a powerful rakshasa warrior, and chief commander of Ravana's army of Lanka. In both his births, he has been the minister of antagonistic monarchs.

Lakshagriha
Lakshagriha (Sanskrit: लाक्षागृहम्, romanized: Lākṣāgṛham), also referred to as Jatugriha, or the House of Lacquer, is a palace made of lacquer featured in the Hindu epic Mahabharata. It is the setting of an assassination plot in the epic, devised by the prince Duryodhana to murder his cousins, the Pandavas, by planning to immolate them while they slept within the palace.
C.D. Tondela
Clube Desportivo de Tondela (Portuguese pronunciation: [tõˈdɛlɐ] ⓘ) is a Portuguese professional football club that plays in Primeira Liga, the top tier of Portuguese football, following their promotion after winning the 2024–25 Liga Portugal 2. They are based in the town of Tondela and play in the Estádio João Cardoso. Founded in 1933, the club predominantly played within Portugal's regional leagues until their gradual climb up the league pyramid since 2004.

Terceira Divisão
For the current Portuguese third-tier league, see Liga 3 (Portugal). For the fourth-tier league, see Campeonato de Portugal (league).

The Terceira Divisão Portuguesa (in English: Portuguese Third Division) was a football league in Portugal, situated at the fourth level of the Portuguese football league system. The Third Division was initially the third level of the Portuguese pyramid but with the creation of the Segunda Liga in 1990–91, it became the fourth level. The competition merged with the Segunda Divisão at the end of the 2012–13 to form a new enlarged third-level league, the Campeonato Nacional de Seniores.
Denk bloß nicht, ich heule
Denk bloß nicht, ich heule (English: Just Don't Think I'll Cry) is a 1965 East German drama film directed by Frank Vogel of DEFA Studio. Until 27 April 1990 the film was banned in East Germany because of its social criticism. The film was said to have "problematized the oppression of critical young people in East German schools."

Film censorship in East Germany
Film censorship in East Germany was common at a politically sensitive time in history. Despite the three consecutive constitutions of the German Democratic Republic proclaiming freedom from censorship, in practice certain films were regulated. The chief reason for censorship in East Germany in cinema was criticism of government policies which the government perceived as a threat to the future of the nation. Censorship of film and other media was strictly de facto; the constitution of the GDR guaranteed freedom of the media and film. However, several forms of soft censorship were used to prevent the public from viewing certain films.
Mount Greylock State Reservation
Mount Greylock State Reservation is public recreation and nature preservation area on and around Mount Greylock, the highest point in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. The park covers some 12,000 acres (4,900 ha) in the towns of Lanesborough, North Adams, Adams, Cheshire, Williamstown and New Ashford, Massachusetts. It was created in 1898 as Massachusetts' first public land for the purpose of forest preservation.

Cheshire, Massachusetts
Cheshire is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 3,258 at the 2020 census. It contains the census-designated place of the same name.
Santa Maria della Consolazione
The Church of Santa Maria della Consolazione is a  Roman Catholic baroque style church at the foot of the Palatine Hill in rione Campitelli, Rome, Italy.

The shrine is dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary under the title of Our Lady of Consolation and is administered  by the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin.

Campitelli
Campitelli is the 10th rione of Rome, Italy, identified by the initials R. X, and is located in the Municipio I.

Its emblem consists of a black dragon's head on a white background. This symbol comes from the legend that Pope Silvester I threw out a dragon staying in the Forum Romanum.
Bi Kidude
Fatuma binti Baraka (c. 1910 – 17 April 2013), popularly known as Bi Kidude, was a Tanzanian taarab singer from Zanzibar. She has been called the "queen of taarab and Unyago music" and was inspired by earlier taarab singer Siti binti Saad.

For her contribution to world music and culture in Zanzibar, she received the 2005 WOMEX award and the Medal for Arts and Sports of Tanzania.

Unyago
In Swahili culture, most notably in Zanzibar and in some areas of western Kenya, the word unyago refers both to a set of rituals and to the music and dance styles that are traditionally associated with such rituals.

The unyago rituals were practiced to celebrate the coming of age of girls before or during weddings. In those rituals, older women would teach the young ones about sex and conjugal life. These rituals would last several days and be accompanied by dances and music.

In modern East Africa, unyago rituals are still occasionally practiced, but unyago dances and music are also performed independent of such rituals, as part of local folk music. Bi Kidude and Bi Ngwali are two well-known Zanzibari singers who occasionally have performed unyago music.
Felsenthal, Arkansas
Felsenthal is a town in Union County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 85 at the 2020 census, down from 150 at the 2010 census. It lays adjacent to the Ouachita River in the southeastern corner of Union County.

Ouachita River
The Ouachita River (/ˈwɑːʃɪtɑː/ WAH-shi-tah) is a 605-mile-long (974 km) river that runs south and east through the U.S. states of Arkansas and Louisiana, joining the Tensas River to form the Black River near Jonesville, Louisiana. It is the 25th-longest river in the United States (by main stem).
Skopska Crna Gora
Skopska Crna Gora or Karadak Mountains (Macedonian and Serbian: Скопска Црна Гора, pronounced [skôpskaː tsr̩̂ːnaː ɡǒra]; Albanian: Malësia e Karadakut), often called simply Crna Gora (Macedonian and Serbian: Црна Гора; Albanian: Mali i Zi), is a mountain range and ethnographic region in North Macedonia, Kosovo and Serbia. The highest peak is Ramno 1,651 m (5,417 ft) in Macedonia. The largest town on the mountain is Kučevište in North Macedonia.

Preševo
Preševo (Serbian Cyrillic: Прешево, pronounced [prêʃeʋə]; Albanian: Preshevë, Albanian pronunciation: [preʃevə]) is a town and municipality located in the Pčinja District of southern Serbia. As of the 2022 census, the municipality has a population of 33,449 inhabitants. It is the southernmost town in Central Serbia and largest in the geographical region of Preševo Valley.

Preševo is the cultural center of Albanians in Serbia. Albanians form the ethnic majority of the municipality, followed by Serbs, Roma and other ethnic groups.
Warp Works & Twentieth Century Masters
Warp Works & Twentieth Century Masters is a 2-CD set consisting of live performances by the London Sinfonietta, released by Warp Records in 2006. It contains a mix of contemporary classical and minimalist music by John Cage, György Ligeti, Conlon Nancarrow, Steve Reich, Karlheinz Stockhausen, and Edgard Varèse, as well as instrumental versions of songs by Warp Records members Aphex Twin and Squarepusher. They were recorded live between 2003 and 2005.

Conlon Nancarrow
Samuel Conlon Nancarrow (/nænˈkæroʊ/; October 27, 1912 – August 10, 1997) was a US-born Mexican composer. Nancarrow is best remembered for his Studies for Player Piano, being one of the first composers to use auto-playing musical instruments, realizing their potential to play far beyond human performance ability. He lived most of his life in relative isolation and did not become widely known until the 1980s.
I Learned It from Father
I Learned It from Father (German: Das hab ich von Papa gelernt) is a 1964 Austrian-West German comedy film directed by Axel von Ambesser and starring Willy Fritsch, Thomas Fritsch and Gertraud Jesserer.

Axel von Ambesser
Axel Eugen Alexander von Oesterreich (22 June 1910 – 16 September 1988), better known as Axel von Ambesser, was a German playwright, actor and film director.

Ambesser's father was Alexander Constantin von Oesterreich. Ambesser was born in Hamburg and attended Wilhelm-Gymnasium. He appeared as a stage actor in the Hamburg Kammerspiele, and went on to play in the Stadttheater Augsburg, the Münchner Kammerspiele, from 1937 the Deutsche Theater Berlin, from 1942 the Staatstheater Berlin, and the Theater in der Josefstadt in Vienna.