hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arvind Kumar (surgeon)
Arvind Kumar is an Indian thoracic surgeon. He is the chairman of the Institute of Thoracic Surgery, Thoracic Oncology Surgery, and Lung Transplantation at Medanta Hospital, in Gurugram, Haryana.

In 2014, Dr. Kumar was awarded the Dr. B. C. Roy Award by the President of India, Pranab Mukherjee.

Dr. B. C. Roy Award
The Bidhan Chandra Roy Award is an award instituted in 1962 in memory of Bidhan Chandra Roy by the National Medical Commission. It is presented by the President of India in New Delhi every year on July 1, the National Doctors' Day. It is also the highest honour that can be achieved by a doctor in India.

The award is given annually in each of the following categories:

Statesmanship of the Highest Order in India.

Medical Statesman,

Eminent Medical Person,

Eminent person in Philosophy,

Eminent person in Science

Eminent person in Arts.

It was first awarded in 1971 to Dr. M.N. Sarkar of Calcutta National Medical Medical College, Calcutta (earlier referred to as the Calcutta National Medical Institute), by V. V. Giri, the then President of India.
Sam Smith Park
Sam Smith Park is a public park operated by Seattle Parks and Recreation, in Seattle, Washington, United States. The park has a bicycle and pedestrian tunnel integrated with the Mount Baker Tunnel. Exercise equipment, tennis courts, a children's play area, and picnic tables are also available. The park hosts the statue Urban Peace Circle, by Seattle sculptor Gerard Tsutakawa. It is dedicated to the city's youth who have been killed by gun violence.

The park was named after Sam Smith in September 1998, based on nominations from the Washington Black Heritage Society, Urban League of Greater Seattle, and private citizens. Smith was a local politician dedicated to civil rights and racial justice. He was the first Black member of Seattle City Council, and the second Black member of the Washington State Legislature, serving five terms in each body.

Gerard Tsutakawa
Gerard "Gerry" Tsutakawa (born 1947), son of artist George Tsutakawa, is an accomplished Pacific Northwest sculptor. A studio apprentice for his artist father for 20 years, Gerry created his own first commissioned work in 1976. In the same studio where his father worked, he continues to design and fabricate anything from small studio bronze pieces to large public art fountains and sculptures.
Rüti GL railway station
Rüti GL railway station (German: Bahnhof Rüti GL) is a railway station serving the village of Rüti in the municipality of Glarus Süd in the Swiss canton of Glarus (abbreviated to GL).The station is situated on the Weesen to Linthal railway line, and served by the hourly Zürich S-Bahn service S25 between Zurich and Linthal.

Glarus Süd
Glarus Süd is a municipality in the Swiss canton of Glarus. It comprises the upper Linth valley, and the entire Sernf valley, and includes the villages of Betschwanden, Braunwald, Diesbach, Elm, Engi, Haslen, Hätzingen, Leuggelbach, Linthal, Luchsingen, Matt, Mitlödi, Nidfurn, Rüti, Schwanden, Schwändi and Sool.

Glarus Süd is one of three municipalities of the canton of Glarus, the others being Glarus and Glarus Nord.
Stare Kaleńsko
Stare Kaleńsko [ˈstarɛ kaˈlɛɲskɔ] (German: Alt Kalenzig) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czaplinek, within Drawsko County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south-west of Czaplinek, 24 km (15 mi) east of Drawsko Pomorskie, and 105 km (65 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 333.

Gmina Czaplinek
Gmina Czaplinek is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Drawsko County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Czaplinek, which lies approximately 29 kilometres (18 mi) east of Drawsko Pomorskie and 111 km (69 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 364.72 square kilometres (140.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 11,795 (out of which the population of Czaplinek amounts to 6,933, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,862).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Drawsko Landscape Park.
Asteromyia euthamiae
Asteromyia euthamiae is a species of gall midge in the family Cecidomyiidae. It was described as a new species in 1968 by the entomologist Raymond Gagné. It is widely distributed in northern North America, where it causes galls on Euthamia plants, including Euthamia caroliniana, Euthamia graminifolia,  and Euthamia leptocephala. The galls are typically 3–10 mm (0.12–0.39 in) in length and vary in shape depending on the leaf width. They can be rounded, elliptical, or elongate-elliptical in appearance. The galls are usually black, but may have a distinctive narrow margin in shades of yellow, white, or purple.

Euthamia leptocephala
Euthamia leptocephala, (commonly known as the narrowhead goldentop, Mississippi Valley goldentop, or bushy goldentop) is a North American species of plants in the family Asteraceae. It is native to the south-central United States, in the lower Mississippi Valley and the Coastal Plain of the Gulf of Mexico, from Texas to west-central Georgia and north as far as southern Illinois.
Prunus cerasifera
Prunus cerasifera is a species of plum known by the common names cherry plum and myrobalan plum. Native to Eurasia and naturalized elsewhere, P. cerasifera is believed to be one of the parents of the cultivated plum.

Plum
A plum is a fruit of some species in Prunus subg. Prunus. Dried plums are usually called prunes.

Plums are likely to have been one of the first fruits domesticated by humans, with origins in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus Mountains and China. They were brought to Britain from Asia, and their cultivation has been documented in Andalusia, southern Spain. Plums are a diverse group of species, with trees reaching a height of 5–6 metres (16–20 ft) when pruned. The fruit is a drupe, with a firm and juicy flesh.  Plums can be eaten fresh, dried to make prunes, used in jams, or fermented into wine and distilled into brandy. Plum seeds (also called kernels) contain the cyanide-like poison, amygdalin, a cyanogenic glycoside.

In 2023, China produced 55% of the world total of plums. Japanese or Chinese plums dominate the fresh fruit market, while European plums are also common in some regions.
Muskogee Indians
The Muskogee Indians was a South Central League (1906) and Oklahoma State League (1912) minor league baseball team based in Muskogee, Oklahoma, United States.

Ben Tincup, who pitched for four seasons in the major leagues, played for the Indians. In 1906, they were managed for part of the season by Nixey Callahan; in 1912, they were skippered for part of the year by Kid Speer.

Muskogee, Oklahoma
Muskogee (/məˈskoʊɡiː/) is the 13th-largest city in Oklahoma and is the county seat of Muskogee County.  It lies approximately 48 miles (77 km) southeast of Tulsa. The population of the city was 36,878 as of the 2020 census, a 6.0% decrease from 39,223 in 2010.
Waimea Bay
Waimea Bay is a crescent-shaped natural bay located in Haleiwa on the North Shore of Oʻahu in the Hawaiian Islands, widely known for its  big wave surfing.  It lies at the mouth of the Waimea River, with Waimea Valley extending east of Waimea Bay. Waimea means "reddish water" in Hawaiian.

Waimea Valley
Waimea Valley is an area of historic cultural significance on the North Shore of Oahu, Hawaii. The valley, being an important place in Hawaiian religion, includes several historical structures including stone terraces and walls constructed during the time of the Hawaiian monarchy. The nutrient-rich volcanic soil combined with a rainy environment provided the resourceful Hawaiians of the area the opportunity to create one of the most prosperous farming communities in all of Polynesia. The area had complex fish ponds, domesticated animal pens, various large farming beds, and was famous for the cultivation of pink taro root stock, a coveted item to the Ali`i (the Hawaiian elite). Much of the garden floor was once cultivated for taro, sweet potato, and bananas, with new crops and orchards introduced by Europeans after their arrival.
See You Yesterday
See You Yesterday is a 2019 American science fiction film directed by Stefon Bristol with a screenplay by Bristol and Fredrica Bailey based on Bristol's 2017 short film of the same name. It stars Eden Duncan-Smith, Danté Crichlow, Marsha Stephanie Blake, and Brian "Stro" Bradley.

The film follows the story of an ambitious science prodigy, who uses her prowess and capabilities to create time machines to save her brother who has been killed by a racist police officer. As she tries to alter the events of the past, she will eventually face the perilous consequences of time travel.

It was released on May 17, 2019, by Netflix. The film received positive reviews and was nominated for two awards at the 35th Independent Spirit Awards, with Bristol and Bailey winning Best First Screenplay.

Marsha Stephanie Blake
Marsha Stephanie Blake (born 3 May 1974) is a Jamaican American actress. She is best known for her role as Linda McCray in the Netflix miniseries When They See Us, for which she was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Limited Series or Movie.
Mike Heidorn
Mike Heidorn (born 1967 in Belleville, Illinois), is a former drummer and founding member of alternative country bands Uncle Tupelo and Son Volt. Heidorn also played with the Uncle Tupelo precursors the Primitives (or Primatives) and the one-off band Coffee Creek with Jay Farrar and Jeff Tweedy of Uncle Tupelo and Brian Henneman of The Bottle Rockets.

Belleville, Illinois
Belleville is a city in St. Clair County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. It is a southeastern suburb of St. Louis. The population was 42,404 at the 2020 census, making it the most populated city in the Metro East region of Greater St. Louis, and in all of Southern Illinois south of Springfield. Due to its proximity to Scott Air Force Base, the city has a significant population of military and federal civilian personnel. It is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Belleville and home to the National Shrine of Our Lady of the Snows.
Richard Gombrich
Richard Francis Gombrich (/ˈɡɒmbrɪtʃ/; born 17 July 1937) is a British Indologist and scholar of Sanskrit, Pāli, and Buddhist studies. He was the Boden Professor of Sanskrit at the University of Oxford from 1976 to 2004. He is currently Founder-President of the Oxford Centre for Buddhist Studies. He is a past president of the Pali Text Society (1994–2002) and general editor emeritus of the Clay Sanskrit Library.

Pali Text Society
The Pali Text Society is a text publication society founded in 1881 by Thomas William Rhys Davids "to foster and promote the study of Pāli texts." Pāli is the language in which the texts of the Theravada school of Buddhism are preserved. The Pāli texts are the oldest collection of Buddhist scriptures preserved in the language in which they were written down. The society first compiled, edited, and published Latin script versions of a large corpus of Pāli literature, including the Pāli Canon, as well as commentarial, exegetical texts, and histories. It publishes translations of many Pāli texts. It also publishes ancillary works including dictionaries, concordances, books for students of Pāli and the Journal of the Pali Text Society.
Good-morning (exercise)
The good-morning is a weight training exercise. It is known as a good-morning because of the movement in the erector spinae which resembles the bow that traditionally begins a schoolday in some East Asian countries. The erector spinae muscles of the lower back work isometrically to keep the spine in an extended position while the hamstrings and gluteus maximus work isotonically to perform hip extension. Other muscles are involved in stabilizing weight on the back and maintaining balance.

The degree of knee bend used will change the focus. The straighter the knees, the more the hamstrings are stretched and stressed by the movement and this stretch involves them more as the hip extensors. Bent knees can shift the weight forward, which allows the pelvis to drift back further as the body hinges in hip flexion.

Erector spinae muscles
The erector spinae (/ɪˈrɛktər ˈspaɪni/ irr-EK-tər SPY-nee) or spinal erectors is a set of muscles that straighten and rotate the back. The spinal erectors work together with the glutes (gluteus maximus, gluteus medius and gluteus minimus) to maintain stable posture standing or sitting.
Loyal opposition
In parliamentary systems of government, the loyal opposition is the opposition parties in the legislature. The word loyal indicates that the non-governing parties may oppose the actions of the sitting cabinet while remaining loyal to the formal source(s) of the government's power, such as the monarch or constitution. This loyalty allows for a peaceful transition of power and ongoing strengthening of democratic institutions. The idea of inquisitorial opposition that held the executive to account emerged in the United Kingdom.

Peaceful transition of power
A peaceful transition or transfer of power is a concept important to democratic governments in which the leadership of a government peacefully hands over control of government to a newly elected leadership. This may be after elections or during the transition from a different kind of political regime, such as the post-communist period after the fall of the Soviet Union.

In scholarship examining democratization and emerging democracies, study of the successful transitions of power is used to understand the transition to constitutional democracy and the relative stability of that government. A 2014 study concluded that 68 countries had never had a peaceful transition of power due to an election since 1788.
Church of Saint-Léon-de-Westmount
The Church of Saint-Léon-de-Westmount (French: Église Saint-Léon de Westmount) is a Roman Catholic church located in Westmount, Quebec at 4311 De Maisonneuve Boulevard West. Built in 1901, the church was designed by well known Montreal architect Georges-Alphonse Monette and decorated by Guido Nincheri from 1901 to 1903, using the wet plaster buon fresco technique. Designed in the Romanesque Revival style, and featuring an Italianate façade with bell tower, the Church of Saint-Léon-de-Westmount was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 1997 and plaqued in 1999.

Romain Pelletier was notably the church's organist from 1909 to 1951. His brother Frédéric Pelletier also briefly served as choirmaster at the church.

Exterior

Interior

Sanctuary

Vault

Stained-glass window

Stained-glass window

Stained-glass window

Stained-glass window

Romain Pelletier
Romain Pelletier (sometimes spelled Peltier) (22 August 1875 – 24 November 1953) was a Canadian organist, choir conductor, composer, and music educator. His compositional output consists entirely of works for solo organ and motets. He was a founding member of the Société des artistes musiciens de Montréal and was a much admired teacher of counterpoint, fugue, and the organ.
Mount Skokomish
Mount Skokomish is a 6,434-foot (1,961 meter) mountain summit located in the Olympic Mountains, in Mason County of Washington state, United States. It is situated on the shared boundary of Olympic National Park with Mount Skokomish Wilderness, and it is the highest point of the wilderness. The nearest higher peak is Mount Stone, 1.66 mi (2.67 km) to the northeast. It is visible on the Olympic skyline from as far away as Seattle. Mt. Skokomish has three summits, the south peak being the highest. Precipitation runoff drains into the Hamma Hamma River and Skokomish River. Like the river, the mountain's toponym honors the Skokomish people.

Skokomish River
The Skokomish River (Twana: squʔquʔ) is a river in Mason County, Washington, United States. It is the largest river flowing into Hood Canal, a western arm of Puget Sound. From its source at the confluence of the North and South Forks the main stem Skokomish River is approximately 9 miles (14 km) long. The longer South Fork Skokomish River is 40 miles (64 km), making the length of the whole river via its longest tributary about 49 miles (79 km). The North Fork Skokomish River is approximately 34 miles (55 km) long. A significant part of the Skokomish River's watershed is within Olympic National Forest and Olympic National Park.
Aardman Animations
Aardman Animations Limited, known simply as Aardman, is a British animation studio based in Bristol, England. It is known for films and television series made using stop-motion and clay animation techniques, particularly those featuring its plasticine characters from Wallace & Gromit,
Chicken Run, Shaun the Sheep, and Morph. After some experimental computer-animated short films during the late 1990s, beginning with Owzat (1997), Aardman entered the computer animation market with Flushed Away (2006). As of February 2020, it had earned $1.1 billion worldwide, with an average $135.6 million per film. Between 2000 and 2006, Aardman collaborated with DreamWorks Animation.

Aardman's films have been consistently well-received. Their stop-motion films are among the highest-grossing produced, with their 2000 debut, Chicken Run, being their top-grossing film, as well as the highest-grossing stop-motion film of all time. A sequel, Chicken Run: Dawn of the Nugget, was released in 2023.

Animation studio
An animation studio is a company producing animated media. The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce, own the physical equipment for production, employ operators for that equipment, and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced. They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created or held by the company, much like authors holding copyrights. In some early cases, they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity. Overall, they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms.
Prasad Oak
Prasad Prabhakar Oak (Marathi pronunciation: [pɾəsaːd̪ oːk]; born 17 February 1975) is an actor. He has received several awards including two Filmfare Awards Marathi, Maharashtra State Film Awards and a National Film Award.

In 2007, he participated in Sa Re Ga Ma Pa Marathi (Celebrity Round) and won, became Ajinkyatara.

Maharashtra State Film Awards
Maharashtra State Film Awards, one of the prestigious awards of Marathi cinema, are awarded by the Government of Maharashtra to Marathi language films and artists. They were first awarded in 1963.

The Maharashtra State Film Awards are adjudicated by an independent jury jointly formed by the Department of Cultural Affairs, Government of Maharashtra. The jury typically comprises eminent personalities from the film industry. A separate jury is constituted for the awards recognizing literature on cinema. Films are invited for consideration annually, and the jury evaluates the submissions to select the winners. The awards aim to promote artistic excellence in cinema and incentivize filmmakers, technicians, and producers. The Minister for Cultural Affairs announces the awardees, who are presented with the prizes by the Chief Minister of Maharashtra.
Urdu Hall
Urdu Hall is an Urdu language promotion institution located in Hyderabad, India. It has a library and archives of old Urdu literature.

Urdu Hall was inaugurated by independent India's first Prime Minister,  Jawaharlal Nehru, in December 1955 at Himayathnagar, Hyderabad. Noted Urdu poet Makhdoom Mohiuddin was associated with the center.

Himayatnagar, Hyderabad
Himayatnagar (Hee-mā-yath-na-gar) is a neighbourhood in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. It is also a mandal in Hyderabad District. It was named after Mir Himayat Ali Khan (Azam Jah), the 1st son of the last Nizam of Hyderabad.
William Fairbrother
William Fairbrother was a Canadian ice hockey player who is credited with inventing the ice hockey net in the 1890s.  During the 1880s, Fairbrother played for Beamsville, Ontario's Men's Hockey team. At first, two poles or two rocks served as goals, and an official would watch to see if a puck passed through the goal.  However, disputes arose over goals and biased officiating. Then, Fairbrother, who played as a goaltender, got a net from a local fisherman and strung it from the poles. Players were immediately more satisfied with the new system.

The Ontario Hockey Association soon thereafter credited Fairbrother with the idea. Hockey Hall of Fame records indicate that Fairbrother's idea happened in 1897 or 1898. The Jordan Historical Museum of the Twenty held an exhibit on Fairbrother. In February 1997, the town Lincoln, Ontario designated Fairbrother's home a historical site.

Beamsville, Ontario
Beamsville (2021 Urban area estimated population 13,323) is a community that is part of the town of Lincoln, Ontario, Canada. It is located along the southern shore of Lake Ontario and lies within the fruit belt of the Niagara Peninsula. It contains century-old brick buildings, an old-fashioned downtown area with barbershops, women's dress shops, a bakery, a print shop, restaurants, banks and other businesses, and many orchards and vineyards.

Queen Elizabeth Way, the main road that connects Toronto and Buffalo, New York, has an interchange at Beamsville. Many tourists stop for something to eat at the many fast-food restaurants nearby.
Local government in Costa Rica
Costa Rica’s municipal system is organized under the Municipal Code, the specific law that regulates the local governments. Municipalities are the second-level administration in Costa Rica after the central government. Each one of the 82 cantons of Costa Rica has a Municipality or Municipal Government constituted by a mayor and a proportional number of members of the Municipal Council. Districts of each of the cantons also have their local authorities and representatives. Some of the services manage by local governments include; solid waste management, building and administration of local roads, parks, libraries and schools, recollection of municipal taxes and in some cases local security. Worth noticing that in Costa Rica city and municipality are not the same thing, as a canton can have several cities within its borders, generally as districts.

Administrative divisions of Costa Rica
According to the Political Constitution of Costa Rica of 1949, in article 168, the territorial division of Costa Rica is organized by law into three types of subnational entity:

For the purposes of the Public Administration, the national territory is divided into provinces, these in cantons and cantons in districts.

Costa Rica is divided into:

7 provinces

84 cantons

492 districts

The most recent decree to this subdivision corresponds to N°41548-MGP from 28 January 2019.

All entities are numbered, the provinces get 1 digit, the cantons 3 digit with the first being the number of the province, the districts get 5 digits with the first 3 being the numbers of the canton.

The district numbers are also used as postal codes.
E.C. and M.I. Record Homestead
The E.C. and M.I. Record Homestead is a historic house at 8 Bean Road in Buckfield, Maine.  Built in 1843–44, it is a well-preserved local example of a late transitional Federal-Greek Revival house.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.

Buckfield, Maine
Buckfield is a town in Oxford County, Maine, United States. Buckfield is included in the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine metropolitan New England City and Town Area. It is a member of  Regional School Unit 10 along with nearby Hartford and Sumner.  The town had a population of 1,983 as of the 2020 census.