hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pushforward (differential)
In differential geometry, pushforward is a linear approximation of smooth maps (formulating manifold) on tangent spaces. Suppose that  is a smooth map between smooth manifolds; then the differential of  at a point , denoted , is, in some sense, the best linear approximation of  near . It can be viewed as a generalization of the total derivative of ordinary calculus. Explicitly, the differential is a linear map from the tangent space of  at  to the tangent space of  at , . Hence it can be used to push tangent vectors on  forward to tangent vectors on . The differential of a map  is also called, by various authors, the derivative or total derivative of .

Local diffeomorphism
In mathematics, more specifically differential topology, a local diffeomorphism is intuitively a map between smooth manifolds that preserves the local differentiable structure. The formal definition of a local diffeomorphism is given below.
Michael Bakan
Michael Bakan is a professor of ethnomusicology at Florida State University and director of the Balinese gamelan ensemble Sekaa Gong Hanuman Agung ("Gamelan Club of the Great Hanuman"). He wrote Music of Death and New Creation: Experiences in the World of Balinese Gamelan Beleganjur, a book said to have "elevated gamelan beleganjur to the level of the much better known gong kebyar".

Michael is the brother of noted Canadian legal theorist Joel Bakan.

Beleganjur
Gamelan beleganjur (also spelled balaganjur, Balinese: ᬩᭂᬍᬕᬜ᭄ᬚᬸᬃ, Balinese pronunciation: [bə.lə.ɡaɲ.d͡ʒur]) is one of the most popular styles of gamelan music in Bali. Its closest Western analogue is probably the Western military band.
Saragossa Terra
Saragossa Terra is the name given to the southern part of the highly reflective half of Saturn's moon Iapetus. It is bordered on the north by Roncevaux Terra, and on both the east and west sides by Cassini Regio.

The largest named crater in Saragossa Terra is the 504-km-diameter Engelier. It partially obscures the slightly smaller crater Gerin. Both craters are named for paladins mentioned in The Song of Roland.

Iapetus (moon)
Iapetus (/aɪˈæpətəs/) is the outermost of Saturn's large moons. With an estimated diameter of 1,469 km (913 mi), it is the third-largest moon of Saturn and the eleventh-largest in the Solar System. Named after the Titan Iapetus from Greek mythology, the moon was discovered in 1671 by Giovanni Domenico Cassini.

A relatively low-density body composed mostly of ice, Iapetus is home to several distinctive and unusual features, such as a striking difference in coloration between its dark leading hemisphere and its bright trailing hemisphere, as well as a massive equatorial ridge that runs three-quarters of the way around the moon.
Gustavo Alfaro
Gustavo Julio Alfaro (born 14 August 1962) is an Argentine football manager and former player who manages the Paraguay national football team.

Although Alfaro had a short career as a footballer, he was captain of the Atlético de Rafaela when they were promoted to the Argentine Primera División in 1989. Alfaro retired as a player from football in 1992 to concentrate on his coaching career. His first league title came with Arsenal de Sarandí in the 2012 Clausura.

At international level, he coached Ecuador at the 2022 FIFA World Cup before a stint in charge of Costa Rica. He was appointed as Paraguay coach in 2024 and led them to qualification for the 2026 World Cup.

Atlético de Rafaela
Asociación Mutual Social y Deportiva Atlético de Rafaela, known simply as Atlético de Rafaela, is an Argentine sports club based in the city of Rafaela, in Santa Fe Province. The club is mostly known for its professional football team, that competes in Primera Nacional, the second division of Argentine football league system. It is popularly known in Argentina and other South American countries for its nickname "La Crema".

The club owns the Autódromo Ciudad de Rafaela. Apart from football, the other sports and activities practised at the institution are basketball, chess, field hockey, artistic gymnastics, paddle tennis, roller skating, skeet shooting, swimming, tennis and volleyball.
WSBY-FM
WSBY-FM (98.9 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Salisbury, Maryland, United States, and serving the Delmarva Peninsula. It broadcasts an urban adult contemporary format known as "Magic 98.9." It is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. Studios are located at Gateway Crossing on Tilghman Road; the transmitter is on Old Eden Road in Fruitland, Maryland, off U.S. Route 13.

Salisbury, Maryland
Salisbury (/ˈsɔːlzbəri/ SAWLZ-bə-ree) is a city in and the county seat of Wicomico County, Maryland, United States. Salisbury is the largest city in the state's Eastern Shore region, with a population of 33,050 at the 2020 census. Salisbury is the principal city of the Salisbury, Maryland Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city is a commercial hub of the Delmarva Peninsula.
Β-Chlornaltrexamine
β-Chlornaltrexamine (β-CNA) is a non-selective irreversible antagonist of the μ-opioid receptor (MOR), the δ-opioid receptor (DOR), and the κ-opioid receptor (KOR), which forms a covalent bond to the binding sites of these receptors and has ultra-long-lasting opioid antagonist effects. Although it is predominantly antagonistic, β-CNA also shows some irreversible mixed agonist–antagonist activity at the MOR and KOR and some associated analgesic effects. Its alkylating group is a bis(chloroalkyl)amino-residue similar to that of the nitrogen mustards.

The drug was first described by 1978. It should not be confused with its epimer and related drug α-chlornaltrexamine (α-CNA), which is likewise predominantly an irreversible antagonist of the opioid receptors but also shows some irreversible mixed agonist–antagonist activity.

Mu-opioid receptor
The μ-opioid receptors (using the Greek letter mu, abbreviated MOR) are a class of opioid receptors with a high affinity for enkephalins and beta-endorphin, but a low affinity for dynorphins. They are also referred to as μ(mu)-opioid peptide (MOP) receptors. The prototypical μ-opioid receptor agonist is morphine, the primary psychoactive alkaloid in opium and for which the receptor was named, with mu being the first letter of Morpheus, the compound's namesake in the original Greek. It is an inhibitory G-protein coupled receptor that activates the Gi alpha subunit, inhibiting adenylate cyclase activity, lowering cAMP levels.
Scary Mask
"Scary Mask" is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Poppy, featuring American rock band Fever 333. It was released through Mad Decent on May 29, 2019, as the second single from her second EP, Choke.

Fever 333
Fever 333 (or the Fever 333) is an American rock band formed in Inglewood, California, in 2017. The band was founded by former Letlive vocalist Jason Aalon Butler, former the Chariot guitarist Stephen Harrison and Night Verses drummer Aric Improta.

The band's debut extended play (EP), Made an America, was released on March 23, 2018. The group is signed to Roadrunner Records and 333 Wreckords. Their first LP Strength in Numb333rs was released a year later and its second EP Wrong Generation was released in 2020. Fever 333 released their second studio album, Darker White, on October 4, 2024.
Anna Foglietta
Anna Foglietta (born 3 April 1979) is an Italian actress. She has appeared in the films Escort in Love and Ex – Amici come prima!. She has also appeared in several television series such as Distretto di Polizia and The Mafia Kills Only in Summer.

Ex 2: Still Friends?
Ex 2: Still Friends? (Italian: Ex - Amici come prima!) is a 2011 Italian romantic comedy film directed by Carlo Vanzina.

It is a sequel to 2009 film Many Kisses Later (Ex) and it was produced by Italian International Film and distributed by 01 Distribution, a subsidiary of Rai Cinema.
Ohio State Route 15
State Route 15 (SR 15) is a north–south and east–west route in northwestern Ohio. Its southern (eastern) terminus is at its interchange with U.S. Route 23/State Route 103 (US 23/SR 103) near Carey, and its northern (western) terminus is at the Michigan state line north of Pioneer, where the route continues in Michigan as M-99. The route is signed east–west from Carey to Bryan, and it is signed north–south from there to the Michigan state line.

SR 15 is an expressway for its southernmost 19 miles (31 km): two miles (3.2 km) where it runs concurrently with Interstate 75 (I-75), three miles (4.8 km) where it runs concurrently with US 68, and the final 14 miles (23 km) as a stand-alone limited-access road until its junction with US 23. The final 17 miles (27 km) are part of a heavily traveled corridor providing the most direct route between Detroit, Toledo, Findlay, Marion and Columbus.

Findlay, Ohio
Findlay (/ˈfɪnli/ FIN-lee) is a city in Hancock County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The second-largest city in Northwest Ohio, Findlay lies about 40 miles (64 km) south of Toledo. The population was 40,313 at the 2020 census. The principal city of the Findlay micropolitan area, it is home to the University of Findlay and the headquarters of Marathon Petroleum.
Finger of Fate (Fisher Towers)
Finger of Fate is a big wall aid climbing route located in Moab, Utah, on the Titan, the tallest of the Fisher Towers. It was first climbed in 1962. The route saw its first clean ascent in 1996 by Stevie Haston and Laurence Gauoult.  The route is recognized in the historic climbing text Fifty Classic Climbs of North America and is considered a classic around the world.

Fisher Towers
Fisher Towers are a series of towers made of Cutler sandstone capped with Moenkopi sandstone and caked with a stucco of red mud located near Moab, Utah (38°43′26″N 109°18′30″W﻿ / ﻿38.7240°N 109.3083°W﻿ / 38.7240; -109.3083). The Towers are named for a miner who lived near them in the 1880s. The Towers are world-renowned as a subject for photography and for its classic rock climbing routes.
St. Theresa's Church, Gibraltar
St. Theresa's Church is a Catholic church in Gibraltar. It is located in northeastern Gibraltar, along Devil's Tower Road.

Former priests at the church include Bernard Devlin who went on to be the Roman Catholic Bishop of Gibraltar. The Gibraltar government proposed to rename the road which the church is on  Bishop Devlin Lane but the name Devil's Tower Road was retained. The foundation stone of the new church was laid in 1992 by Bishop Devlin. St. Theresa's had formally become a parish in 1974 when Devlin became Parish priest. However, Mass has been celebrated for "parishioners" since the end of World War II.

Bernard Patrick Devlin
Bernard Patrick Devlin, KC*HS, CMG, GMH (10 March 1921, Youghal — 15 December 2010, Gibraltar) was an Irish clergyman of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as fifth bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Gibraltar from 1985 to 1998.
Saint Catherine North Eastern
Saint Catherine North East is a parliamentary constituency represented in the Parliament of Jamaica. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election. The constituency covers the north east part of Saint Catherine Parish. It is currently represented by Kerensia Morrison from the Jamaica Labour Party.

Saint Catherine Parish
Saint Catherine (Jamaican Patois: Sint Cyatrine) is a parish in the south east of Jamaica. It is located in the county of Middlesex, and is one of the island's largest and most economically valued parishes because of its many resources. It includes the first capital of Jamaica, Spanish Town, originally known as San Jago de la Vega or Santiago de la Vega (St. James of the Plain).
Tabagne
Tabagne is a town in northeastern Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Bondoukou Department in Gontougo Region, Zanzan District.

Tabagne was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Tabagne was 16,970.

Bondoukou Department
Bondoukou Department is a department of Gontougo Region in Zanzan District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 453,841 and its seat is the settlement of Bondoukou. The sub-prefectures of the department are Appimandoum, Bondo, Bondoukou, Gouméré, Laoudi-Ba, Pinda-Boroko, Sapli-Sépingo, Sorobango, Tabagne, Tagadi, Taoudi, and Yézimala. It is the easternmost department of Ivory Coast.
Liskowate
Liskowate [lʲiskɔˈvatɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ustrzyki Dolne, within Bieszczady County, in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship of south-eastern Poland, near the border with Ukraine.

Gmina Ustrzyki Dolne
Gmina Ustrzyki Dolne is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Bieszczady County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Ustrzyki Dolne, which lies approximately 80 kilometres (50 mi) south-east of the regional capital Rzeszów.

The gmina covers an area of 477.7 square kilometres (184.4 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 17,623 (out of which the population of Ustrzyki Dolne amounts to 9,478, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,145).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Słonne Mountains Landscape Park.
Wrong Side of the Road
Wrong Side of the Road is a 1981 low-budget feature film made in South Australia. It is distinctive for being one of the first attempts to bring modern Australian Aboriginal music to a non-Indigenous audience, featuring all-Aboriginal rock reggae bands No Fixed Address and Us Mob.

Bart Willoughby
Bartholomew Edwin Willoughby OAM (born 1960) is an Aboriginal Australian musician, noted for his pioneering fusion of reggae with Indigenous Australian musical influences, and for his contribution to growth of Indigenous music in Australia. A multi-instrumentalist, songwriter, and singer, he is known as a founder member and leader of the No Fixed Address, which was the first Aboriginal rock band in Australia, and the first Aboriginal band to travel overseas.

In 2024, Willoughby received the Ted Albert Award For Outstanding Services to Australian Music at the APRA Music Awards of 2024.
Milltown, County Cavan
Milltown (Irish: Baile an Mhuilinn) is a population centre and townland in County Cavan, Ireland. The Milltown catchment area, including Milltown Electoral Division, comprises several neighboring townlands within the historical barony of Loughtee Lower and the civil parish of Drumlane. Milltown lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) from the town of Killeshandra on the R201 road.

County Cavan
County Cavan (/ˈkævən/ KAV-ən; Irish: Contae an Chabháin) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Ulster and is part of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the town of Cavan and is based on the historic Gaelic territory of East Breffny (Bréifne). Cavan County Council is the local authority for the county, which had a population of 81,704 at the 2022 census.
The Henry Ford
The Henry Ford (also known as the Henry Ford Museum of American Innovation and Greenfield Village, and as the Edison Institute) is a history museum complex in Dearborn, Michigan, United States, within Metro Detroit. The museum collection contains the presidential limousine of John F. Kennedy, Abraham Lincoln's chair from Ford's Theatre, Thomas Edison's laboratory, the Wright Brothers' bicycle shop, the Rosa Parks bus, and many other historical exhibits.

It is the largest indoor–outdoor museum complex in the United States and is visited by over 1.7 million people each year. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1969 as Greenfield Village and Henry Ford Museum and designated a National Historic Landmark in 1981 as "Edison Institute".

Metro Detroit
Metro Detroit is a major metropolitan area in the U.S. state of Michigan, consisting of the city of Detroit and over 200 municipalities in the surrounding area. There are varied definitions of the area, including the official statistical areas designated by the Office of Management and Budget, a federal agency of the United States.

Metro Detroit is known for its automotive heritage, arts, entertainment, popular music, food, cultural diversity, and sports. The area includes a variety of natural landscapes, parks, and beaches, with a recreational coastline linking the Great Lakes. Metro Detroit also has one of the largest metropolitan economies in the U.S. with 17 Fortune 500 companies.
Charles Deenen
Charles Deenen (born 15 January 1970 in Holthees), is a Dutch video game audio director, composer, sound designer, and mixer. He wrote music created sound effects for many Commodore 64 and Amiga games, in addition to working for Interplay, Electronic Arts, and other video game developers.

Jukka Tapanimäki
Jukka Tapanimäki (11 August 1961 – 1 May 2000) was a Finnish game programmer from Tampere, Pirkanmaa. Tapanimäki wrote his games for the Commodore 64 computer, and many have been ported to other computer systems. Tapanimäki was a reviewer for MikroBitti and "C" computer magazines; and a freelance writer of advanced-level computer programming articles. He also published a book called C-64 Pelintekijän Opas (or "C-64 Game Maker's Guide") in 1990.
Révérien Ndikuriyo
Burundi portal

Politics portal

Association football portal

Révérien Ndikuriyo (born 1970) is a Burundian politician, currently serving as secretary-general of the National Council for the Defense of Democracy – Forces for the Defense of Democracy (CNDD–FDD), a position he has held since 2021. From 2015 to 2020, he served as president of the Senate. He has also served as president of the Football Federation of Burundi since 2013.

Senate (Burundi)
The Senate (Kirundi:  Inama nkenguzamateka) is the upper chamber of Parliament in Burundi. It consists of between 13 members who serve 5-year terms. The current Senate was elected on 23 July 2025 and consists of 13 members.

Under the newly promulgated 2018 constitution and following the new administrative division, the senate similarly to the national assembly saw its number of seats reduced. The senate goes from 39 seats to 13 seats starting from the 2025 legislative elections.

This change was first enacted with the recent election that was held on 23 July 2025.
Atwater, California
Atwater is a city on State Route 99 in Merced County, California, United States. Atwater is 8 miles (13 km) west-northwest of Merced, at an elevation of 151 feet (46 m). The population as of the 2020 census was 31,970, up from 28,168 in 2010.

Merced County, California
Merced County (/mɜːr.ˈsɛd/ ⓘ mur-SED; Merced, Spanish for "Mercy") is a county located in the northern San Joaquin Valley section of the Central Valley, in the U.S. state of California.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 281,202., and for the 2024 census, the population was 296,774. The county seat is Merced. The county is named after the Merced River.

Merced County comprises the Merced, California Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Modesto-Merced, California Combined Statistical Area. It is located north of Fresno County and Fresno, and southeast of Santa Clara County and San Jose.
Gaston Vandermeerssche
Gaston Vandermeerssche (August 18, 1921 – November 1, 2010) was a Belgian leader within the Dutch underground resistance against Nazi Germany during World War II. Vandermeerssche's life in France during World War II became the basis for a 1988 novel by Allan Mayer, which was later adapted into the 1997 Belgian film, Gaston's War.

Using the code name "Raymond", Vandermeerssche established an undercover smuggling line through the Pyrenees Mountains to deliver microfilmed intelligence from occupied Netherlands (Dienst Wim) and France to the Belgian military headquarters in London.

Vandermeerssche emigrated to the United States and resided in 
Bayside, Wisconsin, where he died of natural causes on November 1, 2010, aged 89. He was survived by his wife, Violette, three daughters and one son.

Bayside, Wisconsin
Bayside is a village in Milwaukee and Ozaukee counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 4,482 at the 2020 census. Of this, 4,378 were in Milwaukee County, and only 104 were in Ozaukee County.
Golestan University of Medical Sciences
Golestan University of Medical Sciences (Persian: دانشگاه علوم پزشکی و خدمات بهداشتی درمانی گلستان) is a public university in Gorgan, Iran. The university has six faculties including medicine, dentistry, health care, nursing, paramedicine, and Medical Modern Technologies.

Gorgan
Gorgan (Persian: گرگان; [ɡoɾˈɡɒːn] ⓘ) is a city in the Central District of Gorgan County, Golestan province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. It lies approximately 400 km (250 mi) to the northeast of the national capital Tehran, and some 30 km (19 mi) away from the Caspian Sea.
SPIJØNGET
SPIJØNGET  is the debut studio album by South African rapper, producer and graphic designer ByLwansta. The album consists of a series of three 4-track EPs, ultimately making up the 12-track studio album.

ByLwansta
Lwandile Nkanyuza (born 30 June 1995), known professionally as ByLwansta, is a South African rapper, record producer, art director and graphic designer.

From very early in his career, graphic design has played a very significant role in Lwandile's music career as ByLwansta, and he often sees and treats ByLwansta as a client with a never ending brief. In 2016, Nkanyuza wrote his final Graphic Design research paper on The Significance of Visual Communication on the Consumption of Music in the Digital Age, for which he was awarded a distinction.

He is the first South African artist to appear on COLORS, and the second African artist after Nigerian singer, songwriter and record producer, Davido.
Bermuda Run, North Carolina
Bermuda Run is a town in Davie County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the town was 3,120. The town rests on the western bank of the Yadkin River, linking Davie and Forsyth Counties. It was incorporated in 1999 as a fully gated residential community near country clubs and golf courses like the Bermuda Run Country Club, Oak Valley Golf Club, and Tanglewood Park. In 2000, the town annexed into neighboring Hillsdale, picking up a commercial district. In 2012, Kinderton Village was voluntarily annexed by the town of Bermuda Run. Bermuda Run is considered by the locals to be a mid-high class community and the second-most influential, behind nearby Oak Valley. While not of the entirety of the town limits, the northern core of the town is included in the Urban  Hanes Mall district.

Yadkin River
The Yadkin River is one of the longest rivers in the US state of North Carolina, flowing 215 miles (346 km).  It rises in the northwestern portion of the state near the Blue Ridge Parkway's Thunder Hill Overlook. Several parts of the river are impounded by dams for water, power, and flood control.  The river becomes the Pee Dee River at the confluence of the Uwharrie River south of the community of Badin and east of the town of Albemarle.  The river then flows into South Carolina near Cheraw, which is at the Fall Line. The entirety of the Yadkin River and the Great Pee Dee River is part of the Yadkin-Pee Dee River Basin.
Field hockey at the 2017 SEA Games
The field hockey competitions at the 2017 SEA Games in Kuala Lumpur will take place at National Hockey Stadium in Bukit Jalil.

The 2017 Games feature competitions in two events (one event for each gender).

Malaysia National Hockey Stadium
Malaysia National Hockey Stadium (Malay: Stadium Hoki Nasional Malaysia) is a multi-use stadium in National Sports Complex, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It is currently used mostly for the Malaysia national field hockey team and the Malaysia women's national field hockey team. The main stadium holds up to 12,000 people and was built in 1997. There is a second pitch located adjacent to the stadium, with 2,000 seats and is used to hold smaller capacity as well as practice matches.

The stadium became the first FIH Global Elite Pitch in history, which was awarded for the main stadium and training field in 2017.  The stadium is equipped with polyethylene artificial pitch, which was installed in 2019 making Malaysia the first nation to use the technology.