hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Berlin, Marathon County, Wisconsin
There is another Town of Berlin in Green Lake County, Wisconsin. There is also the city of Berlin, Wisconsin.

Berlin is a town in Marathon County, Wisconsin, United States. It is part of the Wausau, Wisconsin Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 945 at the 2010 census. The unincorporated communities of Emmerich and Naugart are located in the town. The unincorporated community of Teagesville is also located partially in the town. The ghost town of Ziegler was also located in the town.

Little Chicago, Wisconsin
Little Chicago is an unincorporated residential and agricultural community on Marathon County Highway A in located along the border of the towns of Hamburg and Berlin, in Marathon County, Wisconsin, United States.
Tuen Mun Park
Tuen Mun Park (Chinese: 屯門公園), formerly known as Tuen Mun Town Park, is located in Tuen Mun, Hong Kong. It is the largest town park in the New Territories, covering 12.5 hectares (31 acres).

The park sits between the Tuen Mun River and Tuen Mun Town Centre, near Tuen Mun Town Plaza, Tuen Mun Public Library and Tuen Mun Town Hall. It is next to Tuen Mun station and the Light Rail Town Centre stop.

Tuen Mun District
The Tuen Mun District (Chinese: 屯門區) is one of the 18 administrative districts of Hong Kong. As of 2025, the population was 545,000, of which 64,000 were under the age of 18. Part of the district is the Tuen Mun New Town (or simply Tuen Mun), which contains one of the largest residential areas in the New Territories.
The Understanding (Memphis Bleek album)
The Understanding is the second studio album by American rapper Memphis Bleek. It was released on December 5, 2000, by Roc-A-Fella Records and Def Jam Recordings. The album was produced by Just Blaze, Robert 'Shim' Kirkland, A Kid Called Roots, DJ Twinz, Duane "Da Roc" Ramos, Eddie Scoresazy, Ez Elpee, Jose "Lace" Batiz, Lofey, Timbaland, and T.T., with Jay-Z, Damon Dash and Kareem "Biggs" Burke serving as executive producers. It features guest appearances from Jay-Z, Beanie Sigel, Amil, Carl Thomas, H. Money Bags, Missy Elliott, and Twista. In the United States, the album peaked at number 16 on the Billboard 200 and atop the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts. It was certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America on January 8, 2001, for the sales of 500,000 units in the US alone. The album was supported with three singles: "My Mind Right", "Is That Your Chick (The Lost Verses)" and "Do My...".

Def Jam Recordings
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip-hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop.

The label has a London-based, UK arm known as 0207 Def Jam (formerly Def Jam UK in the 1990s until the mid-2000s) and is currently operated through EMI Records. It has a Johannesburg, South Africa and Lagos, Nigeria-based arm known as Def Jam Africa.
ANA Wings
ANA Wings  is a regional airline with its corporate headquarters at Ōta, Tokyo, Japan and a wholly owned subsidiary of All Nippon Airways (ANA). The airline was formed on 1 October 2010 through the merger of Air Next, Air Central and Air Nippon Network.

Regional airline
A regional airline is a general classification of airline which typically operates scheduled passenger air service, using regional aircraft, between communities lacking sufficient demand or infrastructure to attract mainline flights. In North America, most regional airlines are classified as "fee-for-departure" carriers, operating their revenue flights as codeshare services contracted by one or more major airline partners. A number of regional airlines, particularly during the 1960s and 1970s, were classified as commuter airlines in the Official Airline Guide (OAG).
Ramudu Hulu
Ramudu Hulu (also known as Ramudu Ulu, Ramudu or Pa Ramudu) is a settlement in Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 613 kilometres (381 mi) east-north-east of the state capital Kuching.

Neighbouring settlements include:

Long Danau 2.6 kilometres (1.6 mi) northeast

Pa Dali 7.4 kilometres (4.6 mi) east

Batu Paton 7.6 kilometres (4.7 mi) east

Pa Mada 7.9 kilometres (4.9 mi) northeast

Pa Bangar 9.3 kilometres (5.8 mi) northeast

Pa Main 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) north

Pa Umor 20.7 kilometres (12.9 mi) north

Bario 22.6 kilometres (14.0 mi) north

Lepu Wei 24.7 kilometres (15.3 mi) south

Long Aar 27.3 kilometres (17.0 mi) northwest

Pa Bangar
Pa Bangar is a settlement in the Marudi division of Sarawak, Malaysia. It lies approximately 621.9 kilometres (386 mi) east-north-east of the state capital Kuching.

Burial sites near the village include a mass burial (Benatuh Rayeh) consisting of seventeen jars (Balanai), said to be remains of people from Pa Bangar who had died elsewhere, brought back for mass burial; and Benatuh Ra’an Sembariew with thirteen jars and seven stone pillars (Batuh Senuped).

Neighbouring settlements include:

Pa Mada 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) west

Pa Main 5.2 kilometres (3.2 mi) northwest

Pa Dali 5.6 kilometres (3.5 mi) south

Long Danau 6.7 kilometres (4.2 mi) southwest

Batu Paton 7.4 kilometres (4.6 mi) south

Ramudu Hulu 9.3 kilometres (5.8 mi) southwest

Pa Umor 15.3 kilometres (9.5 mi) north

Bareo 20.1 kilometres (12.5 mi) northwest

Pa Lungan 22.3 kilometres (13.9 mi) north

Long Semirang 27.5 kilometres (17.1 mi) northwest
Variable Star
Variable Star is a 2006 science fiction novel by American author Spider Robinson, based on the surviving seven pages of an eight-page 1955 novel outline by Robert A. Heinlein, who died in 1988. The book is set in a divergent offshoot of Heinlein's Future History and contains many  references to works by Heinlein and other authors. It describes the coming of age of a young musician who signs on to the crew of a starship as a way of escaping from a failed romance.  Robinson posted a note on his website in 2009 noting that his agent had sold a trilogy of sequels based on the novel and its characters.

Spider Robinson
Spider Robinson (born November 24, 1948) is an American-Canadian science fiction author. He has won a number of awards for his hard science fiction and humorous stories, including the Hugo Award 1977 and 1983, and another Hugo with his co-author and wife Jeanne Robinson in 1978.
Johan van Stratum
Johan van Stratum (born 15 April 1982) is a Dutch bassist, currently playing live for German power metal band Blind Guardian and Ayreon.

He was the bassist of Stream of Passion, and one of the two founding members to stay in the band until it disbanded in 2016. He also played bass live for Ayreon and The Gentle Storm, VUUR. In July 2021 he was announced as the bass player of German power metal band Blind Guardian.

A War of Our Own
A War of Our Own is the fourth studio album by the Dutch progressive metal band Stream of Passion, and the last before their split from 2016 to 2022. Stream of Passion produced the album after leaving Napalm Records, financing it through crowdfunding website Indiegogo, and was their only album with the same line-up as its predecessor.
Maxime Vachier-Lagrave
Maxime Vachier-Lagrave (French pronunciation: [maksim vaʃje laɡʁav]; born 21 October 1990), often referred to by his initials, MVL,  is a French chess grandmaster who is a former World Blitz Champion. With a peak rating of 2819, he is the seventh-highest rated player in history.

A chess prodigy, Vachier-Lagrave earned the title of grandmaster in 2005 at age 14. In 2007, he won the French Chess Championship, and in 2009, won the World Junior Chess Championship and the Biel Grandmaster Tournament. He repeated as French Chess Champion in 2011 and 2012 and as the winner of the Biel Grandmaster Tournament in 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016. He won the Sinquefield Cup in 2017 and 2021 and competed in the Candidates Tournament 2020–21, placing second.

He has participated in the Chess Olympiad and in the European Team Chess Championship, representing France. He also represents French esports organization Team Vitality.

Grand Chess Tour
The Grand Chess Tour (GCT) is a circuit of chess tournaments in which players compete for multiple prize pools. The tournaments, which vary from year to year, have included Norway Chess, the Sinquefield Cup, and the London Chess Classic.
Yangwang U9
The Yangwang U9 (Chinese: 仰望U9) is a battery electric super-coupe manufactured by BYD Auto under its luxury car brand Yangwang. The U9 is the second vehicle from the Yangwang brand after the U8 off-road SUV, and was formally introduced on Auto Shanghai in April 2023. As of September 2025, its "Xtreme" variant is unofficially the fastest production car in the world with a top speed of 496 kilometres per hour (308 mph).

Auto Shanghai
Auto Shanghai (Chinese: 上海国际汽车展), officially known as the Shanghai International Automobile Industry Exhibition (Chinese: 上海国际汽车工业展览会), is a biennial international automobile show that alternates with the Beijing Auto Show (Auto China) as China's yearly international automotive exhibition. First held in 1985, Auto Shanghai is the nation's oldest auto exhibition, and is considered as an important major international auto show.

Due to the greatly expanding presence of foreign brands in the Chinese markets, Auto Shanghai has become one of the premier international auto shows alongside Detroit, Frankfurt, Paris and Tokyo, and was also the first Chinese auto show to join the Union des Foires Internationales (UFI). Since 2015, the show is hosted at the National Center for Exhibition and Convention, located next to the Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport.
Jervis Public Library
Jervis Public Library is a historic library building located in Rome in Oneida County, New York. It was built in 1858 as the residence of John B. Jervis (1795–1885).  The original house is a rectangular, 2+1⁄2-story brick structure with a slate-covered gable roof and cupola. The facade features a 2-story portico supported by four massive Doric order brick columns.  A 2-story library extension was added in 1926 and in 1967 a modern library facility was added.  Also on the property is a 2-story carriage house built about 1860.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

John B. Jervis
John Bloomfield Jervis (December 14, 1795 – January 12, 1885) was an American civil engineer. America's leading consulting engineer of the antebellum era (1820–60), Jervis designed and supervised the construction of five of America's earliest railroads, was chief engineer of three major canal projects, designed the famous, pioneering, DeWitt Clinton steam locomotive in 1831 while with the Mohawk & Hudson RR, designed the first locomotive with a swiveling 4-wheeled front bogie truck in 1832 for the M&H RR, designed and built the 41-mile Croton Aqueduct – New York City's fresh water supply from 1842 to 1891 – and was a consulting engineer for the Boston water system.
Joseph Fogerty
Joseph Fogerty, CE, FRIBA, (1831–1899) was an Irish civil engineer, architect, and novelist active in mid-to-late-nineteenth-century Limerick, London, and Vienna.

Born in Limerick, he studied under his father, engineer John Fogerty in Limerick before entering the University College London in 1856, later working in London for Sir John Fowler. He was elected Fellow of the Royal Institute of British Architects on 9 February 1880 after being proposed by Henry Currey, Edwin Nash and Charles Barry. Three of his novels, Lauterdale, Caterina and Countess Irene, were published. He died at his house, Enderby, in Sydenham.

He was the brother and uncle of architects William Fogerty and John Frederick Fogerty, respectively. He married Hannah Cochrane (d. 1910), of Limerick and they had a daughter, Elsie Fogerty (born in Sydenham on 16 December 1865), who became a notable teacher of speech.

Elsie Fogerty
Anne Elizabeth "Elsie" Fogerty CBE (16 December 1865 – 4 July 1945) was a British teacher who departed from the customary practice of "voice and diction" also called elocution.  At that time "Voice and Diction" focused entirely on the mouth and nasal cavity to produce speech sounds.  Fogerty's technique ended up focusing on the entire body and voice to produce speech.  At first, she used just the lungs to resonate the sound, but soon included the whole body, because she discovered that posture and movement also affected speech. It ultimately became known as the "Body and Voice" technique.  She was founder and principal of the Central School of Speech and Drama in London from 1906 to 1942.
Ramat HaKovesh
Ramat HaKovesh (Hebrew: רָמַת הַכּוֹבֵשׁ, lit. 'Pioneer Ridge') is a kibbutz in central Israel. Approximately 7 kilometers northeast of Kfar Saba and south-west of Tira. The kibbutz falls under the jurisdiction of Drom HaSharon Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 1,077.

Tira, Israel
Tira (Arabic: الطـّيرة, al-Tira, Hebrew: טִירָה, Ṭīra, lit. "Fort";) is an Arab city in the Central District of Israel. Part of the Triangle, a concentration of Arab towns and villages adjacent to the Green Line, Tira is close to Kfar Saba. It is known for its weekly market and Arab cuisine.

Tira is not documented in 16th-century records, but its origins date back earlier. In the 18th century, it was resettled by Bani Sa'b tribesmen from Hajjah and Baqa. Today, its population has diverse origins.

Located within Israel's fertile bread basket, by 1976 Tira was estimated to have had up to two-thirds of its land expropriated by the state. Today youth employment prospects are low, which has contributed to the city's high crime rate. In 2023, the city had a population of 27,228.
ADNEC Group
ADNEC Group is a company which owns and operates the ADNEC Centre Abu Dhabi, the largest exhibition venue in the Middle East. It is an international venue development and business management company, overseeing the ADNEC Centre Abu Dhabi, ExCeL London, the ADNEC Centre Al Ain, Capital Gate, Aloft Abu Dhabi, Aloft London ExCeL, DoubleTree By Hilton London ExCel, Anantara Sir Bani Yas Island Abu Dhabi Resort, Qasr Al Sarab Desert Resort by Anantara, Tourism 365, Capital Events, Capital Hospitality and ADNEC Services.

ADNEC is part of ADQ, a sovereign wealth fund and one of the MENA region's largest holding companies.

Capital Gate
Capital Gate, also known as the Leaning Tower of Abu Dhabi, is a skyscraper in Abu Dhabi that is over 160 meters (520 ft) tall, 35 stories high, with over 16,000 square meters (170,000 sq ft) of usable office space. Capital Gate is one of the tallest buildings in the city and was designed to incline 18° west, more than four times the lean of the Leaning Tower of Pisa. The building is owned and was developed by the Abu Dhabi National Exhibitions Company. The tower is the focal point of Capital Centre.
Q88 (New York City bus)
The Q88 bus constitutes a public transit line in Queens, New York City, running primarily along the Long Island Expressway's service road (Horace Harding Expressway), 73rd Avenue and Springfield Boulevard between a major transportation hub and commercial center in Elmhurst and Queens Village. The route is operated by MTA Regional Bus Operations under the New York City Transit brand.

Queens College, City University of New York
Queens College (QC) is a public college in the New York City borough of Queens. Part of the City University of New York system, Queens College occupies an 83-acre (34 ha) campus primarily located in Flushing.

Queens College was established in 1937 and offers undergraduate degrees in over 70 majors, graduate studies in over 100 degree programs and certificates, over 40 accelerated master's options, 20 doctoral degrees through the CUNY Graduate Center, and a number of advanced certificate programs. Alumni and faculty of the school, such as Arturo O'Farrill and Jerry Seinfeld, have received over 100 Grammy Award nominations.

The college is organized into seven schools. It competes in Division II of the NCAA and sponsors 15 men's and women's championship-eligible varsity teams.
G and G Veterinary Hospital
G and G Veterinary Hospital is a historic veterinary hospital located at Sedalia, Pettis County, Missouri.  It was built in 1937, and is a small one-story, Art Moderne style concrete block building covered by stucco with a flat roof and raised basement.  It features wrap around windows and a wide projecting center entrance block flanked by two wide fixed windows, with the name of the hospital spelled out in large wrought iron letters above.  three generations of the family have practiced the same building since its construction.: 5, 7

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2011.

Sedalia, Missouri
Sedalia is a city located approximately 30 miles (50 kilometers) south of the Missouri River and, as the county seat of Pettis County, Missouri, United States, it is the principal city of the Sedalia Micropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 21,725. Sedalia is also the location of the Missouri State Fair and the Scott Joplin International Ragtime Festival. U.S. Routes 50 and 65 intersect in the city.
There Is Always One More Time
There Is Always One More Time is an album by the American musician B.B. King, released in 1991. It is dedicated to Doc Pomus, who cowrote the title song. The first single was "Back in L.A."

King wrote in the liner notes that There Is Always One More Time was his best album.

Arthur Adams (singer)
Arthur Adams (born December 25, 1943) is an American blues guitarist from Medon, Tennessee. Inspired by B.B. King and other 1950s artists, he played gospel music before attending college. He moved to Los Angeles, and during the 1960s and 1970s he released solo albums and worked as a session musician. In 1985 he was tapped to tour on bass guitar with Nina Simone, and he staged a comeback in the 1990s when he released Back on Track, and became a respected Chicago blues player and bandleader in B.B. King's clubs.

A prolific songwriter, with a blues style that incorporated a variety of genres, and a vocalist with a funky, soul-driven sound, Adams is known for his collaboration with many of blues' elite and continues to perform to date.
Chaos Now
Chaos Now (stylized as CHAOS NOW*) is the third studio album by experimental pop musician Jean Dawson, released on October 7, 2022, by the artist's label P+. The album was announced August 19 along with the release of single "Three Heads", with a music video directed by Bradley J. Calder, as well as the artist's first US headlining tour. "Porn Acting" was released as a prior single on February 27, third single "Pirate Radio" followed on September 16, fourth single "Sick of It" released September 29, and fifth single "Bad Fruit" featuring Earl Sweatshirt was released October 5.

Jean Dawson
David Sanders (born December 22, 1995), better known by the stage name Jean Dawson, is a Mexican-American experimental pop musician. Since 2018, he has released four albums and over a dozen singles via his own record label P+, and toured across the US and Europe with artists including Brockhampton.
Milford, Michigan
Milford is a village in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, Milford had a population of 6,520. The village is located within Milford Township. The village is known for being the home of the Milford General Motors Proving Ground.

Oakland County, Michigan
Oakland County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. It is a principal county of the Detroit metropolitan area, containing the bulk of Detroit's northern suburbs. Its county seat is Pontiac, and its largest city is Troy. As of the 2020 census, its population 1,274,395, making it the second-most populous county in Michigan (behind neighboring Wayne County), and the most populous county in the United States without a city of 100,000 residents.

Founded in 1819 and organized the following year, Oakland County is composed of 62 cities, villages, and townships. In 2010, Oakland County was among the ten wealthiest counties in the United States to have over one million residents. It is also home to Oakland University, a large public institution that straddles the border between the cities of Auburn Hills and Rochester Hills.
Composite measure
Composite measure in statistics and research design refer to composite measures of variables, i.e. measurements based on multiple data items.

An example of a composite measure is an IQ test, which gives a single score based on a series of responses to various questions.

Three common composite measures include:

indexes - measures that summarize and rank specific observations, usually on the ordinal scale;

scales - advanced indexes whose observations are further transformed (scaled) due to their logical or empirical relationships;

typologies - measures that classify observations in terms of their attributes on multiple variables, usually on a nominal scale.

Typology (social science research method)
Typology is a composite measure that involves the classification of observations in terms of their attributes on multiple variables. Such classification is usually done on a nominal scale. Typologies are used in both qualitative and quantitative research.

An example of a typology would be classification such as by age and health: young-healthy, young-sick, old-healthy, old-sick.

Typological theorizing is the development of theories about configurations of variables that constitute theoretical types. According to Andrew Bennett and Alexander George, typological theories are useful "to address complex phenomena without oversimplifying, clarify similarities and differences among cases to facilitate comparisons, provide a comprehensive inventory of all possible kinds of cases, incorporate interactions effects, and draw attention to... kinds of cases that have not occurred."
Siege of Zaltbommel
The siege of Zaltbommel was a campaign that took place during the Eighty Years' War and the Anglo–Spanish War from 15 May to 22 July 1599. The Spanish led by Francisco López de Mendoza y Mendoza launched an offensive campaign around Bommelerwaard, which was defended by an Anglo-Dutch force under the command of Maurice of Orange. A siege on the town of Zaltbommel by Spanish troops was attempted but they had to lift the siege and were defeated in subsequent attempts to regain the initiative. Mendoza retreated  and the Spanish army then found itself in chaos: mutinies took effect and as a result further operations were suspended for a number of years. As a result, the Dutch and English followed with a counter-offensive in the Spanish Netherlands.

Francisco de Mendoza
Francisco López de Mendoza y Mendoza (Granada, 1547 – Madrid, 1 March 1623), in the literature often simply referred to as Francisco de Mendoza, was a Spanish nobleman, diplomat, general, and eventually bishop, who briefly played an important role in the Eighty Years' War.