hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ismail (mangonel expert)
Ismail (Arabic: إسماعيل; Chinese: 亦思馬因; pinyin: Yisimayin; Wade–Giles: I-ssŭ-ma-yin; died 1330) was a Muslim Iraqi counterweight mangonel expert who served the army of the Yuan dynasty in the conquest of the Southern Song dynasty.

In 1271, Kublai Khan dispatched envoys to obtain persons skilled in the management of mangonels [trebuchets] from his kinsman Abaqa, the Ilkhan in Persia. The latter sent Al al-Din and Ismail, together with their families, by post route to Hangzhou, where they began by building large mangonels which they erected in front of the city gates. In 1273 he served at the Siege of Xiangyang. He surveyed the approaches, and planted a mangonel at the southeast corner. Its weight was 150 catties (over 200 pounds; 91 kg) and when the machinery was discharged, the noise was said to shake heaven and earth. It broke down all before it, and pierced the ground to a depth of seven feet (2.1 m).

Yisimayin died in 1330 and was succeeded by his son Yakoob.

Trebuchet
A trebuchet (French: trébuchet) is a type of catapult that uses a hinged arm with a sling attached to the tip to launch a projectile. It was a common powerful siege engine until the advent of gunpowder. The design of a trebuchet allows it to launch projectiles of greater weights and further distances than a traditional catapult.

There are two main types of trebuchet. The first is the traction trebuchet, or mangonel, which uses manpower to swing the arm. It first appeared in China by the 4th century BC. It spread westward, possibly via the Avars, and was adopted by the Byzantines, Persians, Arabs, and other neighboring peoples by the sixth to seventh centuries AD.

The later, and often larger and more powerful, counterweight trebuchet, also known as the counterpoise trebuchet, uses a counterweight to swing the arm. It appeared in both Christian and Muslim lands around the Mediterranean in the 12th century, and was carried back to China by the Mongols in the 13th century.
Kaisma
Kaisma is a village in Põhja-Pärnumaa Parish, Pärnu County, Estonia. It is located about 11 km (7 mi) north of Tootsi, 12 km (7 mi) south of Järvakandi, 15 km (9 mi) west of Vändra and 19 km (12 mi) east of Pärnu-Jaagupi boroughs. Kaisma has conglutinated with the neighbouring Kergu village. The nearest railway stations are in Kõnnu (6 km (4 mi)) and Viluvere (7 km (4 mi)).

As of the 2011 Census, the settlement's population was 116.

Kaisma was first mentioned as Caysma in 1530. Kaisma Manor had existed already in 1601. The main building and distillery were destroyed during the Revolution of 1905. Geologist and botanist Carl Friedrich Schmidt (1832–1908) was born in the manor.

Between 1991 and 2009, Kaisma was the administrative centre of Kaisma Parish, before it was merged into Vändra Parish. In 2017, Vändra Parish was merged into newly established Põhja-Pärnumaa Parish.

Vändra Parish
Vändra Parish was an Estonian municipality located in Pärnu County. It had a population of 2,861 (as of 1 December 2012) and covered an area of 642 km².

On 27 October 2009 the neighbouring Kaisma Parish was merged with Vändra Parish.
Lee Hyun-jin (actor)
Lee Hyun-jin (born March 5, 1985) is a South Korean actor. He is best known for his roles in the films Boy Meets Boy, Chubby Revolution, and the television series' Heartstrings, Operation Proposal, and Sky Castle.

He made his stage debut in Audacious Romance after being encouraged by Kim Soo-ro.

Heartstrings (South Korean TV series)
Heartstrings (Korean: 넌 내게 반했어; RR: Neon naege banhaesseo; lit. 'You've Fallen for Me') is a 2011 South Korean television series starring Park Shin-hye and Jung Yong-hwa. It aired on MBC from June 29 to August 19, 2011, on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 21:55 (KST) for 15 episodes.

Heartstrings is a youth melodrama about love, friendship and dreams, set against the backdrop of a performing arts college. The drama reunited Jung Yong-hwa and Park Shin-hye, who both starred in the TV series You're Beautiful (2009).
Peach (Prince song)
"Peach" is a song by American musician Prince, released in October 1993 by Paisley Park Records and Warner Bros. Records from his 1993 compilations, The Hits 2 and The Hits/The B-Sides. He both wrote and produced the song, featuring a female gasp performed by American actress Kim Basinger. "Peach" peaked at number seven on the US Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart; however, it did peak at number 14 in the United Kingdom. Its B-side, "Nothing Compares 2 U", charted at number 62 on the Billboard Hot R&B Singles chart. Prince performed the song live during his 1993 tour. It was the main sound theme of the Spanish-language talk show Corazón, Corazón in the mid 1990s. The accompanying music video was filmed inside and outside of Prince's residence, Paisley Park, and was included in The Hits Collection on home video.

The Hits Collection (video)
The Hits Collection is a collection of music videos released in 1993 to accompany the Prince's greatest hits collection, The Hits/The B-Sides. Being a single VHS cassette/Laserdisc/DVD, the collection is only an hour long and excludes many tracks from the audio release. Many of his biggest hits like "When Doves Cry", "Batdance", "U Got the Look", "Let's Go Crazy" and "Purple Rain" were left off the collection, while the karaoke-style video for "Sign o' the Times" was included. The collection included some of Prince's earliest videos, which are rarely seen on television.
L for Love
L for Love (Polish: M jak miłość [ˈɛm jak ˈmiwɔɕt͡ɕ]) is a Polish soap opera, revolving around the multiple generations of the Mostowiak family. The series premiered on 4 November 2000 on TVP2, primarily as a weekly drama, and after one season shifted into a new timeslot and extended to two (and occasionally three) episodes per week. For the last few years the show has been the most watched drama on Polish television. Its popularity led to a Russian adaptation, entitled Love Is Love (Russian: Любовь как любовь, romanized: Lyubov kak Lyubov)

TVP2
TVP2 (TVP Dwa, Telewizja Polska 2, Program Drugi Telewizji Polskiej, "Dwójka") is a Polish public mainstream TV channel operated by TVP. Launched in October 1970, its varied line-up contains a variety of programming (documentary, history, talk-shows, game-shows) although it focuses on entertainment: stand up comedy, comic shows, cabaret, and themed talk shows (for example on travel or foreign cultures).

TVP2 is broadcast as part of the nationwide, unencrypted (free-to-air) third multiplex of digital terrestrial television (MUX 3). It is also available on all cable networks and satellite digital platforms in accordance with the so-called must-carry rule—a provision in the Broadcasting and Television Act requiring every television operator to offer seven specific channels: TVP1, TVP2, and TVP3, as well as four commercial ones – TVN, Polsat, TV4, and TV Puls.

TVP2 can also be watched for free online through services such as TVP VOD and TVP GO.
Children's Park (film)
Children's Park is a 2019 Indian Malayalam comedy film. It was directed by Shafi and written by Rafi. The film stars Vishnu Unnikrishnan, Sharaf U Dheen, Dhruvan, Manasa Radhakrishnan,  Gayathri Suresh and Sowmya Menon. It was produced by Roopesh Omana and Milan Jaleel under Cochin Films.

Shafi (director)
Rasheed M. H. (18 February 1968 – 26 January 2025), known professionally as Shafi, was an Indian film director who worked in Malayalam cinema, best known for directing comedy films. He has also directed a Tamil film. Shafi made his directorial debut with One Man Show in 2001. Rafi of the Rafi Mecartin duo is his elder brother. Director Siddique is their uncle. Shafi started his film career in the mid-1990s by assisting director Rajasenan and the Rafi Mecartin duo.
Yazghulami language
The Yazghulami language (also Yazgulami, Yazgulyami, Iazgulem, Yazgulyam, Yazgulam, Yazgulyamskiy, Jazguljamskij; Tajik: язғуломӣ (Yazghulomi)) is a member of the Southeastern subgroup of the Iranian languages, spoken by around 9,000 people along the Yazghulom River in Gorno-Badakhshan, Tajikistan. Together with Shugni, it is classified in a Shugni-Yazgulami subgroup of the areal group of Pamir languages. Virtually all speakers of Yazghulami are bilingual in Tajik, the variety of the Persian language spoken in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.

The Yazghulami people are an exception among the speakers of Pamir languages in that they do not adhere to Ismailism.

Gorno-Badakhshan
38°0′N 73°0′E﻿ / ﻿38.000°N 73.000°E﻿ / 38.000; 73.000

Gorno-Badakhshan, officially the Badakhshan Mountainous Autonomous Region, is an autonomous region in eastern Tajikistan, in the Pamir Mountains. It makes up nearly forty-five percent of the country's land area but only two percent of its population.
Millennium Records
Millennium Records is a defunct record label run by record producer Jimmy Ienner from 1976 to 1983. During its RCA-distributed years, a significant portion of its output was content licensed from Canadian record labels.

Meco
Domenico Monardo (November 29, 1939 – May 26, 2023), known as Meco, was an American record producer and musician, as well as the name of his band or production team. Meco is best known for his 1977 space disco version of the Star Wars theme from his album Star Wars and Other Galactic Funk; both the single and album were certified platinum in the US.
Japan National Route 291
National Route 291 is a national highway of Japan connecting Maebashi, Gunma and Kashiwazaki, Niigata in Japan, with a total length of 161.6 km (100.41 mi).

The route consists of the Nakayama Tunnel, a vehicular tunnel, replacing the former Nakayama Tunnel.

Nakayama Tunnel (Niigata Prefecture)
Nakayama Tunnel (Japanese: 中山隧道, Hepburn: Nakayama zuidō) is unused tunnel on National Route 291 in Niigata, Japan. It is located at between Naganuma and Uonuma. Its length is 922 m and this is longest hand‐cut tunnel in Japan.

It made in between 1933 and 1949 by residents in Komatsukura settlement (小松倉地区, Komatsukura chiku), old Yamakoshi Village. In 1998, new tunnel for vehicles was opened and old tunnel have been preserved as historic site. It is known that construction of new tunnel was involved with Kakuei Tanaka.

There is a documentary film named "Horumaika Tebori Nakayama-Zuido no Kiroku (掘るまいか 手掘り中山隧道の記録)" directed by Shinichi Hashimoto. It is designated on Civil Engineering Heritage Sites Selection by Japan Society of Civil Engineers in 2006.
Frederiksberg RK
Frederiksberg RK is a Danish rugby union club based in Frederiksberg (Copenhagen area). The senior team competes in the DRU Division One. The club also includes a women's team and a vibrant youth section.

DRU Superliga
The DRU Superliga is the highest tier of the national rugby union competition in Denmark.

The Danish First division has 11 clubs in total divided in 2 pools. The clubs that reach the Top 3 from each Division 1 pool (East and West) go through to the Super League.

The punctuation system in the Superliga: 4 Points for a win, 2P for a tie and bonus points are given if 4 tries or more are scored and/or if the loser team has a -7 margin.
Lake Gogebic State Park
Lake Gogebic State Park is a public recreation area covering 360 acres (150 ha) in the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. The state park sits on the western shore of Lake Gogebic, the largest inland lake in the Upper Peninsula. The land around the park is sparsely populated, and relatively flat.

Lake Gogebic
Lake Gogebic  (/ɡoʊˈɡiːbɪk/ goh-GHEE-bik or /ɡoʊˈɡɪbɪk/ goh-GHIB-ik) is the largest natural inland lake of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan. It is located within the one million acre (4,000 km2) Ottawa National Forest. Lake Gogebic State Park is located along its western shore.

It is in the far western end of the Upper Peninsula, close to the Wisconsin border, and in parts of two counties, Gogebic County and Ontonagon County. The lake is also in two time zones, central and eastern.

Though the lake is a natural body of water, the level is regulated by the Upper Peninsula Power Company through its Bergland Dam located downstream on the West Branch of the Ontonagon River.

In 2005 a state Department of Natural Resources survey found Black bullhead, Black crappie, Brown bullhead, Burbot, Cisco, Common shiner, Creek chub, Golden shiner, Northern pike, Pumpkinseed, Rock bass, Smallmouth bass, Walleye, White sucker, and Yellow perch in the lake.
Thomas Schlafly
Thomas Francis Schlafly (born October 28, 1948) is an American businessman and writer. He co-founded the Saint Louis Brewery, which produces the Schlafly line of beers. Schlafly is a graduate of the Saint Louis Priory School and received his B.A. and J.D. from Georgetown University.

In his capacity with the brewery, he writes a column every month, "Top Fermentation". In 2006, he published A New Religion in Mecca: Memoir of a Renegade Brewery in St. Louis (Virginia Publishing), which recounted the founding of the Saint Louis Brewery. He is also an attorney, working as a partner in the St. Louis office of Thompson Coburn. He is a nephew of St. Louis conservative commentator Phyllis Schlafly.

In 2012, Schlafly was a member of a group of St. Louisans who assumed ownership of the St. Louis Blues professional ice hockey team.

Saint Louis Priory School
Saint Louis Priory School is a Catholic secondary day school for boys on a 150-acre campus in Creve Coeur, Missouri, within the Archdiocese of St. Louis. The school is run by the Benedictine monks of Saint Louis Abbey.
Hervelinghen
Hervelinghen (French pronunciation: [ɛʁvəlɛ̃ɡɑ̃]; West Flemish: Helvetingen) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France about 13 miles (21 km) north of Boulogne. Hervelinghen is a part of the parish of Notre-Dame-des-Flots. Saint-Inglevert Airfield lies to the east of the village.

Saint-Inglevert Airfield
Saint-Inglevert Airfield is a general aviation airfield at Saint-Inglevert, Pas-de-Calais,[Note 1] France. In the First World War an airfield was established near Saint-Inglevert by the Royal Flying Corps, later passing to the Royal Air Force on formation.

In 1920, a civil airfield was established on a different site which was a designated customs airfield. During the Second World War, Saint-Inglevert was occupied by the Royal Air Force and the Armée de l'Air. The airfield was captured by the Germans towards the end of the Battle of France and occupied by the Luftwaffe. It was abandoned in 1941, but in 1943 field artillery units were based around the airfield as part of the Atlantic Wall. Although civil flying returned to Saint-Inglevert post-war, the airfield was abandoned in 1957 and returned to agriculture. It was reopened by l'Aéroclub du Boulonnais (English: Boulogne Aero Club) in 1986.
Brixton tube station
Brixton is a London Underground station, located on Brixton Road in Brixton in the London Borough of Lambeth, South London. The station, which is in London fare zone 2, is the southern terminus of the Victoria line and the next station towards north is Stockwell. It is known to have the largest London Underground roundel on the network.

London Borough of Lambeth
Lambeth (/ˈlæmbəθ/ ⓘ) is a London borough in South London, England, which forms part of Inner London. Its name was recorded in 1062 as Lambehitha ("landing place for lambs") and in 1255 as Lambeth. The geographical centre of London is at Frazier Street near Lambeth North tube station, though nearby Charing Cross on the other side of the Thames in the City of Westminster is traditionally considered the centre of London.
Wanzhou North railway station
Wanzhou North railway station (Chinese: 万州北) is a railway station in Wanzhou District, Chongqing, China. It is served by the Zhengzhou–Wanzhou high-speed railway and the Chongqing–Wanzhou intercity railway. It is one of two passenger railway stations in Wanzhou and the first to offer high-speed service. The other station is Wanzhou railway station which is served by trains on conventional lines.

Wanzhou, Chongqing
Wanzhou District (Chinese: 万州区; pinyin: Wànzhōu Qū) is Chongqing's second most populated urban core area on the upper reaches of the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River in China. It is currently governed as a district of Chongqing Municipality, bordering Sichuan to the northwest and Hubei to the southeast. It was formerly known as Wanxian or Wan County (simplified Chinese: 万县; traditional Chinese: 萬縣; pinyin: Wànxiàn). Prior to Chongqing's formation as a direct-controlled municipality, Wanzhou was part of Sichuan province. The urban core of Wanzhou  is 228 km (142 mi) away from Chongqing's city proper.

The characters for "Wanzhou" mean "myriad-prefecture"; which is derived from the phrase "the place where myriad rivers converge and myriad traders gather" (万川毕汇、万商云集). Due to the construction of the Three Gorges Dam, 47% of Wanzhou's old urban area was submerged and had to be relocated.
Hope Cement Works
Hope Cement Works, is a cement plant located near to the village of Hope in Derbyshire, England. The plant is mostly self-contained with its own shale and limestone quarries adjacent, with only fuel and small amounts of additives needing to be brought in. The site is located inside the Peak District National Park, and so is subject to tighter planning restrictions than other cement plants in the United Kingdom. It is now the largest cement plant in the United Kingdom (in terms of tonnages of cement), and is also one of the largest emitters of CO2 within the national park.

Hope, Derbyshire
Hope is a village and civil parish in the Derbyshire Peak District, in England. The population at the 2011 Census was 864.  It lies in the Hope Valley, at the point where Peakshole Water flows into the River Noe.  To the north, Win Hill and Lose Hill stand either side of the Noe.
Bobrek concentration camp
Bobrek was a subcamp of Monowitz concentration camp located in or near Bobrek, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland, and was part of the Auschwitz concentration camp complex. It was built by Siemens-Schuckert and held approximately 250-300 prisoners who were used as slave labor to produce electrical parts for aircraft and U-boat submarines. The commandant of the camp was SS-Scharführer Hermann Buch.

Bobrek, Lesser Poland Voivodeship
Bobrek [ˈbɔbrɛk] is a village located adjacent to the city of Oświęcim, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland. During the Second World War, Nazi Germany operated a concentration camp at Bobrek.

The concentration camp at Bobrek is mentioned in an episode of the U.S. TV show Law & Order.
What You Got (Abs song)
"What You Got" is the debut solo single of English singer and former Five member Abs, written by Abs, Richard "Biff" Stannard, and Julian Gallagher. Produced by the latter two, the track is based on Althea & Donna's 1977 song "Uptown Top Ranking", so Errol Thompson, Joe Gibbs, and Althea & Donna are given writing credits. The female vocals on the song are provided by Dawn Joseph, Shernette May, and Sharon Murphy.

"What You Got" was released as the lead single from Abs' debut album, Abstract Theory (2003), and was the first single released by a solo Five member following their split in November 2001. Issued on 19 August 2002, the single reached number four on the UK Singles Chart, entered the top 10 in Ireland and New Zealand, and became a top-40 hit in several other European countries and Australia.

Abz Love
Richard Abidin Breen (born 29 June 1979), better known as Abz Love, is an English singer, rapper, and songwriter. Abz is a member of the boy band Five and was also a  member of the supergroup Boyz on Block.

In 2003, he released his debut solo album, Abstract Theory, which earned him a further three top-ten hits. In 2013, he appeared on All Star Mr & Mrs and became the runner-up for Channel 5's Celebrity Big Brother 12. In 2015, Love starred in BBC Two's documentary series Country Strife: Abz on the Farm, followed by a Christmas special titled Country Strife: Abz on the Christmas Farm.
The Deruga Case
Der Fall Deruga (The Deruga Case) is a novel by Ricarda Huch first published in German in 1917 about a physician charged with killing his ex-wife. An early courtroom drama, it depicts a trial by jury in which the defendant is reluctant, if not unwilling, to talk about the crime he has allegedly committed. In 1938 the novel was turned into a film of the same title.

The Deruga Case (film)
The Deruga Case (German: Der Fall Deruga) is a 1938 German crime drama film directed by Fritz Peter Buch and starring Willy Birgel, Geraldine Katt and Dagny Servaes. It is based on the 1917 novel of the same title by Ricarda Huch. It was shot at the Babelsberg Studios in Potsdam. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Wilhelm Depenau and Ludwig Reiber.
Douglas Clements
Douglas H. Clements is an American scholar in the field of early mathematics education. Previously a preschool and kindergarten teacher, his research centers on the learning and teaching of early mathematics, computer applications for mathematics teaching, and scaling up successful educational interventions. Clements has contributed to the writing of educational standards including the Common Core State Standards, the NCTM's Principles and Standards for School Mathematics and the NCTM's 2006 Curriculum Focal Points for Prekindergarten through Grade 8 Mathematics.

As of 2021, he is Distinguished University Professor and the Kennedy Endowed Chair in Early Childhood Learning at the University of Denver and the co-director of the Marsico Institute for Early Learning. He was previously a SUNY Distinguished Professor at the University at Buffalo.

Common Core
The Common Core State Standards Initiative, also known as simply Common Core, is an American, multi-state educational initiative which began in 2010 with the goal of increasing consistency across state standards, or what K–12 students throughout the United States should know in English language arts and mathematics at the conclusion of each school grade. The initiative was sponsored by the National Governors Association and the Council of Chief State School Officers.

The initiative also sought to provide states and schools with articulated expectations around the skills students graduating from high school needed in order to be prepared to enter credit-bearing courses at two- or four-year college programs or to enter the workforce.
2003 Maltese European Union membership referendum
A referendum on European Union membership was held in Malta on 8 March 2003. The result was 54% in favour. The subsequent April 2003 general elections were won by the Nationalist Party, which was in favour of EU membership, the opposition Labour Party having opposed joining. Malta joined the EU on 1 May 2004.

The referendum saw the highest turnout in an EU membership referendum (91%) and the lowest support for joining of any of the nine countries that held referendums on joining the EU in 2003.

Nationalist Party (Malta)
The Nationalist Party (Maltese: Partit Nazzjonalista, PN) is one of the two major contemporary political parties in Malta, along with the Labour Party.

It is a Christian democratic, and conservative political party, and it has been described as centre-right on the political spectrum. It is supportive of Malta's membership in the European Union. It is currently in opposition to the Labour Party. Since independence in 1964, the Nationalist Party has won six out of the thirteen general elections, in 1966, 1987, 1992, 1998, 2003 and 2008. In 2008 it won with a paper-thin majority of around 1500 votes.
Central Plains USD 112
Central Plains USD 112 is a public unified school district (USD) headquartered in Claflin, Kansas, United States.  The district includes the communities of Holyrood, Bushton, Claflin, Dorrance, Frederick, Lorraine, Wilson, Beaver, Dubuque, Odin, Hitschmann, and nearby rural areas.

Beaver, Kansas
Beaver is a census-designated place (CDP) in Beaver Township, Barton County, Kansas, United States.  As of the 2020 census, the population was 52.  It is located northeast of Hoisington at the intersection of NE 190 Rd and NE 60 Ave.