hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Num banhchok
Num banhchok (Khmer: នំបញ្ចុក, num bânhchŏk Khmer pronunciation: [nom ɓaɲcok]) are lightly fermented Cambodian rice noodles and a breakfast noodle dish.

banhchok "បញ្ចុក" translates to "to feed" in Khmer language.

Rice noodles
Rice noodles are noodles made with rice flour and water as the principal ingredients. Sometimes ingredients such as tapioca or corn starch are added in order to improve the transparency or increase the gelatinous and chewy texture of the noodles. Rice noodles are most common in the cuisines of China, India and Southeast Asia. They are available fresh, frozen, or dried, in various shapes, thicknesses and textures. Fresh noodles are also highly perishable; their shelf life may be just several days.
UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning
53°34′07″N 9°58′36″E﻿ / ﻿53.5685666°N 9.9767715°E﻿ / 53.5685666; 9.9767715

The UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning (UIL), formerly UNESCO Institute for Education, is one of six educational institutes of UNESCO. It is a non-profit international research, training, information, documentation and publishing centre on literacy, non-formal education, adult and lifelong learning. It provides services to UNESCO's Member States, NGOs, and grassroots and community organizations, as well as to partners in civil society and the private sector. The Institute works in close collaboration with its Paris headquarters, with UNESCO field offices in different countries, with sister institutes and with national and international partners.

UIL is based in Hamburg, Germany. The Senate (government) of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg provides the Institute with premises close to the University of Hamburg in a historic villa built for the shipping magnate Albert Ballin.

Nonformal learning
Non-formal learning includes various structured learning situations which do not either have the level of curriculum, institutionalization, accreditation or certification associated with 'formal learning', but have more structure than that associated with 'informal learning', which typically take place naturally and spontaneously as part of other activities. These form the three styles of learning recognised and supported by the OECD.

Examples of non-formal learning include swimming sessions for toddlers, community-based sports programs, and programs developed by organisations such as the Boy Scouts, the Girl Guides, community or non-credit adult education courses, sports or fitness programs, professional conference style seminars, and continuing professional development. The learner's objectives may be to increase skills and knowledge, as well as to experience the emotional rewards associated with increased love for a subject or increased passion for learning.
Medicine Lake, Minnesota
Medicine Lake is a city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States. Located on a peninsula that juts into a lake of the same name. The population was 337 at the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 1,343 in 2024.

Medicine Lake (Minnesota)
Medicine Lake (Dakota: Bde Siŋkpe) is an inland lake located approximately 8 miles northwest of downtown Minneapolis, Minnesota. The lake lies within Hennepin County and is surrounded by two municipalities. At 902 acres, it is Hennepin County's second largest lake behind Lake Minnetonka and is popular among boaters, sailors, and fishers. Medicine Lake's most significant tributary is Plymouth Creek, which enters the lake at West Medicine Lake Park.  The lake is also fed by rain and drainage from nearby cities, including Medicine Lake, Plymouth, New Hope, Golden Valley and Minnetonka.
Jim Plumer
Jim Plumer is an American ice hockey coach. He is the current head coach of the Vermont Catamounts women's ice hockey team. He previously served as the women's hockey head coach at Amherst, where he guided them to back-to-back NCAA Division III national championships.

Vermont Catamounts women's ice hockey
The Vermont Catamounts women's ice hockey program represents the University of Vermont. The Catamounts compete in Hockey East. Their first year of varsity women's hockey was in 1998–99. The Catamounts were in the ECAC at the Division III level of competition. In 2001–02, the Catamounts moved up to Division I. For the 2005–06 season, the Catamounts moved to Hockey East.
Constrictive pericarditis
Constrictive pericarditis is a condition characterized by decreased elasticity and an increased thickening of the pericardium. These changes reduce the ability of the heart to fill with blood and can lead to symptoms of heart failure.

This condition may result from various disease processes which can have similar symptoms, and has been historically difficult to diagnose. Understanding the differing etiologies and disease processes is important as it can lead to a timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Kussmaul's sign
Kussmaul's sign is a paradoxical rise in jugular venous pressure (JVP) on inspiration, or a failure in the appropriate fall of the JVP with inspiration. It can be seen in some forms of heart disease and is usually indicative of limited right ventricular filling due to right heart dysfunction.
Ōhashi, Meguro, Tokyo
35°39′07″N 139°41′15″E﻿ / ﻿35.652083°N 139.687417°E﻿ / 35.652083; 139.687417

Ōhashi (大橋) is a neighborhood located in the northern area of Meguro, Tokyo, Japan. Consisting of two chōme. As of October 1, 2020, the neighborhood has a population of 7,181.

Meguro
Meguro (目黒区, Meguro-ku; Japanese pronunciation: [meꜜ.ɡɯ.ɾo, -ŋɯ.ɾo, me.ɡɯ.ɾoꜜ.kɯ, -ŋɯ.ɾoꜜ.kɯ]) is a special ward in the Tokyo Metropolis in Japan. The English translation of its Japanese self-designation is Meguro City. The ward was founded on March 15, 1947.

Meguro is predominantly residential in character, but is also home to light industry, corporate head offices, the Komaba campus of University of Tokyo as well as fifteen foreign embassies and consulates. Residential neighborhoods include Jiyugaoka, Kakinokizaka, and Nakameguro. As of May 1, 2015, the ward has an estimated population of 277,171 and a population density of 18,890 persons per km2. The total area is 14.67 km2.

Meguro is also used to refer to the area around Meguro Station, which is not located in Meguro ward, but in neighboring Shinagawa's Kamiōsaki district, 100 meters from the border with Meguro ward.
Arrigorriaga
Arrigorriaga is a town and municipality located in the province of Bizkaia, in the autonomous community of Basque Country, northern Spain. Arrigorriaga is located 7 km south of Bilbao and is part of Bilbao's metropolitan area. Its official population at the 2019 census was 12,160 inhabitants living on a land area of 16.36 square kilometres (6.32 sq mi).

It is conterminous with Bilbao and Basauri in the north, with Ugao-Miraballes and Zeberio in the south, with Zaratamo in the east and with Arrankudiaga and Alonsotegi in the west.

Bilbao metropolitan area
The Bilbao Metropolitan Area (in Basque: Bilbo Handia, in Spanish: Área metropolitana de Bilbao) is the metropolitan area or continuous urban area based around the city of Bilbao, in the Basque Country, Spain. It comprises the city of Bilbao, the 25 municipalities that make the comarca of Greater Bilbao plus ten other surrounding municipalities, all of them in the province of Biscay.

It is the fifth most populated metropolitan area in Spain Almost 80% of the population of Biscay and 43% of the population of the Basque Country is concentrated in the Greater Bilbao area or the wider metropolitan area. The metropolitan area's municipalities, are defined by the Basque Country's Territorial Directives Other six satellite cities exist within the province of Biscay and the community of Cantabria, where commute between the cities and the metropolitan area in common.
Rose Hill, Lee County, Virginia
Rose Hill is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Lee County, Virginia, United States. The population was 729 in 2020, 799 at the 2010 census, up from 714 at the 2000 census.

Lee County, Virginia
Lee County is the westernmost county in the U.S. Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,173. The 2024 population estimate for Lee County, Virginia, is 21,745. This is a decrease of 1.8% since the 2020 Census. The median age in the county is 45.4. Its county seat is Jonesville.

Lee County's westernmost tip is closer to 9 state capitals than it is to Richmond.
Andronicus ben Meshullam
Andronicus ben Meshullam, a Jewish scholar of the 2nd century BCE. According to Josephus (Ant. xiii. 3, § 4), he was the representative of the Jews in their religious dispute with the Samaritans, which was held before King Ptolemy VI Philometor, about the year 150 BCE. Andronicus was said to have proved from the Scriptures the historic continuity of the Jewish high priests; and from the great respect which was accorded the Temple of Jerusalem even by the non-Jewish kings of Asia, he argued that the claim of the Samaritans that Mount Gerizim was the sacred place of worship for the Israelites was unjustified.

Andronicus is said to have argued his case so successfully that the king ordered the execution of Sabbeus and Theodosius, the two champions of the Samaritans, this being the penalty agreed upon beforehand for the losing party.

Samaritans
Samaritans (/səˈmærɪtənz/; Samaritan Hebrew: ࠔࠠࠌࠝࠓࠩࠉࠌ, romanized: Šā̊merīm; Hebrew: שומרונים, romanized: Šomronim; Arabic: السامريون, romanized: as-Sāmiriyyūn), often preferring to be called Israelite Samaritans, are an ethnoreligious group originating from the Hebrews and Israelites of the ancient Near East. They are indigenous to Samaria, a historical region of ancient Israel and Judah. They are adherents of Samaritanism, an Abrahamic, monotheistic, and ethnic religion that developed alongside Judaism.

According to their tradition, the Samaritans' ancestors, the Israelites, settled in Canaan in the 17th century BCE. The Samaritans claim descent from the Israelites who were not subject to the Assyrian captivity.
Treaty Principles Bill
The Principles of the Treaty of Waitangi Bill, commonly known as the Treaty Principles Bill, was a government Bill that aimed to define the principles of the Treaty of Waitangi and put them to a nationwide referendum for confirmation. The ACT New Zealand Party, who introduced this Bill, campaigned against the co-governance policies of the Sixth Labour Government and advocated a binding referendum on co-governance, claiming that the current principles distorted the original intent of the Treaty of Waitangi and created an inequality in peoples' rights. National-led coalition government partners National and New Zealand First did not support the bill past its first reading and referral to a select committee, and some legal critics argued the Bill sought to undermine Māori rights and disrupt established interpretations of the Treaty. On its second reading, which occurred on 10 April 2025, the Bill was voted down.

Hana-Rawhiti Maipi-Clarke
Hana-Rawhiti Kareariki Maipi-Clarke (born 2002) is a New Zealand politician, representing Te Pāti Māori as a Member of Parliament since the 2023 New Zealand general election. She is the youngest MP since James Stuart-Wortley.
Olifantsvlei Nature Reserve
The Olifantsvlei Nature Reserve is a large section of protected land in Johannesburg South. It was designated in 1957 in an area of 2,043.27 hectares (5,049.0 acres). A wetland, part of the Klip River, runs along its southern border. The reserve lies adjacent to Lenasia, alongside the R554. The Golden Highway (R553) and N1 roads vertically divide it into three parts. On its northern border, it lies beneath the towns of Eldorado Park, Nancefield, Devland and Naturena (from west to east). It contains the Olifantsvlei Cemetery, Johannesburg Water's Olifantsvlei Wastewater Treatment Works and Bushkoppies Wastewater Treatment Works. Nearby is the Klipriviersberg Nature Reserve.

R553 (South Africa)
The R553 is a Regional Route in Gauteng, South Africa that connects Johannesburg with Vanderbijlpark via Eldorado Park, Ennerdale, Evaton and Sebokeng. It is known as the Golden Highway for much of its length.
Touming Mengke Glacier
The Touming Mengke glacier (Chinese: 透明梦柯冰川) is one of China's largest glaciers.

The glacier is 10.1 kilometres (6.3 mi) long. It covers 21.9 square kilometres (8.5 sq mi).  It is located in the Qilian Mountain range, in Subei County.

The New York Times profiled the glacier's retreat as symbolic of the dangers of global warming. A report by the research center said the retreat of the Mengke Glacier and two others in the Qilian range accelerated gradually in the 1990s, then tripled their speed in the 2000s. In the last decade, the glaciers have been disappearing at a faster rate than at any time since 1960.

Qilian Mountains
39°12′N 98°32′E﻿ / ﻿39.200°N 98.533°E﻿ / 39.200; 98.533

The Qilian Mountains, along with the Altyn-Tagh sometimes known as the Nan Shan as it is to the south of the Hexi Corridor, are northern outliers of the Kunlun Mountains, forming the border between the Qinghai and Gansu provinces of China.
Henry Felix Kaiser
Henry Felix Kaiser (June 7, 1927 – January 14, 1992) was an American psychologist and educator who worked in the fields of psychometrics and statistical psychology. He developed the Varimax rotation method and the Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin test for factor analysis in the late 1950s.

Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin test
The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin (KMO) test is a statistical measure to determine how suited data is for factor analysis. The test measures sampling adequacy for each variable in the model and the complete model. The statistic is a measure of the proportion of variance among variables that might be common variance. The higher the proportion, the higher the KMO-value, the more suited the data is to factor analysis.
U.S. Route 26 in Wyoming
U.S. Highway 26 (US 26) is part of the United States Numbered Highway System that runs from Seaside, Oregon, to Ogallala, Nebraska. Within the state of Wyoming, it runs 475 miles (764 km) from the Idaho state line northwest of Alpine, to the Nebraska state line southeast of Torrington.

Alpine, Wyoming
Alpine is a town in the northwest corner of Lincoln County, Wyoming, United States; adjacent to the Idaho border, the northwest end of the Alpine Airport's single runway extends into Idaho.  The population was 1,220 at the 2020 census.
Hear Both Sides
Hear Both Sides is an 1803 comedy play by the British writer Thomas Holcroft.

The original Drury Lane cast included William Dowton as Fairfax, John Bannister as Transit, Charles Kemble as Headlong, Richard Suett as Sir Charles Aspell, Richard Wroughton as Stewart, Alexander Webb as Sir Luke Lostall, Thomas Hollingsworth as Robert, Ralph Wewitzer as Bailiff, Jane Pope as Caroline and Dorothea Jordan as Eliza.

Thomas Holcroft
Thomas Holcroft (10 December 1745 – 23 March 1809) was an English dramatist, miscellanist, poet, novelist and translator. He was sympathetic to the early ideas of the French Revolution and helped Thomas Paine to publish the first part of The Rights of Man.
Marine Aquarium Council
The Marine Aquarium Council (MAC) was a non-profit stewardship organization based in Los Angeles, California. Established to provide education and certification to fisheries of ornamental marine aquarium fish, as well as facilitate the supply of ecologically sustainable imports for wholesalers and dealers of fish, coral, and invertebrates for use and sale in marine aquariums, MAC monitored the trade in order to optimize its relevancy and effectiveness in the live fish trade.

MAC ceased to exist in 2008.

Live fish trade
The live fish trade can refer to the live food fish trade (for human consumption) or to the ornamental fish trade (for aquariums).  The fish can come from many places, but most comes from Southeast Asia.

The live food fish trade is a global system that links fishing communities with markets, primarily in Hong Kong and mainland China.  Many of the fish are captured on coral reefs in Southeast Asia or the Pacific Island nations.
Rajamandala
The Rajamandala (or rāja-maṇḍala lit. 'circle of kings'; raja and maṇḍala mean "king" and "circle" in Sanskrit respectively) theory, also known as the mandala theory of foreign policy or mandala theory, 
postulates that a neighboring state or neighbor of a natural friend is a natural enemy and that a neighbor of a natural enemy is a natural friend, resulting in alternating circles of enemies and allies centered on a given king's (raja) state.

It appears in the ancient Indian work on politics, Arthashastra (written between 4th century BCE and 2nd century CE) by Kautilya, traditionally identified with Chanakya, and the theory has been called one of Kautilya's most important postulations regarding foreign policy.

Chanakya
Chanakya (ISO: Cāṇakya, चाणक्य, pronunciationⓘ), according to legendary narratives preserved in various traditions dating from the 4th to 11th century CE, was a Brahmin who assisted the first Mauryan emperor Chandragupta in his rise to power and the establishment of the Maurya Empire. According to these narratives, Chanakya served as the chief adviser and prime minister to both emperors Chandragupta Maurya and his son Bindusara.

Conventionally, Chanakya was identified with Kauṭilya and synonymously Vishnugupta, the author of the ancient Indian politico-economic treatise Arthashastra. Arthashastra is now thought with high probability to have been composed by multiple authors during the early centuries of the common era—several centuries after the Mauryan period—the backdated identification with Chanakya to have served to add prestige to the work.
Doguzhiyev
Doguzhiyev (Russian: Догужиев; Adyghe: Дэгужъый) is a rural locality (a khutor) in Yelenovskoye Rural Settlement of Krasnogvardeysky District, Adygea, Russia. The population was 10 as of 2018. There are 4 streets.

Krasnogvardeysky District, Adygea
Krasnogvardeysky District (Russian: Красногварде́йский райо́н; Adyghe: Красногвардейскэ къедзыгъо) is an administrative and a municipal district (raion), one of the seven in the Republic of Adygea, Russian Federation. It is located in the northwest of the republic and borders with Ust-Labinsky District of Krasnodar Krai in the north, Shovgenovsky District in the east, Belorechensky District of Krasnodar Krai in the south, and with Krasnodar Reservoir in the west. Its borders with Teuchezhsky District (in the west) and Dinskoy District of Krasnodar Krai (in the northwest) pass through the waters of Krasnodar Reservoir. The area of the district is 725.52 square kilometers (280.12 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Krasnogvardeyskoye. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 30,868, with the population of Krasnogvardeyskoye accounting for 30.6% of that number.
Bougainville Labour Party
The Bougainville Labour Party (BLP) is a political party in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville, Papua New Guinea.

It was established ahead of the inaugural 2005 election by lawyer Thomas Tamusio and philosopher Albert Toro. The party endorsed Bougainville People's Congress candidate Joseph Kabui for the presidency, with party president Peter Nerau opting to contest the Baubake constituency in the Bougainville House of Representatives. It was reported in July 2014 that New Bougainville Party MP John Ken would relaunch and lead the party into the 2015 election, but this did not occur. Nick F. Peniai was the party's unsuccessful candidate for the Bougainville presidency at the 2015 election.

2015 Bougainvillean general election
A presidential and parliamentary election was held in the Autonomous Region of Bougainville between 11 May and 25 May 2015. Incumbent President John Momis won re-election, the first President of the Autonomous Region of Bougainville to do so.
College of Applied Science, Dhanuvachapuram
The College of Applied Science, Dhanuvachapuram under Institute of Human Resources Development, affiliated to the University of Kerala is established in 2008. The college is situated in Dhanuvachapuram, near Neyyattinkara in Thiruvananthapuram district.

Institute of Human Resources Development
The Institute of Human Resources Development (IHRD) is an autonomous technical educational research institute established by the Government of Kerala in 1987, with its headquarters at Thiruvananthapuram in India.

IHRD has grown within a short period into a network of more than 50 institutions. In addition to regular courses of study in academic establishments, IHRD also runs short and long-term employment-oriented and continuous education programmes.

The initial name of IHRD was Institute of Human Resources Development for Electronics (IHRDE). Later it was renamed to the current version.

IHRD manages several applied science colleges, engineering colleges, polytechnics, and technical schools.
Birralee, Tasmania
Birralee is a locality and small rural settlement in the local government areas of Meander Valley and West Tamar, in the Launceston region of Tasmania. It is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of the town of Westbury. Black Sugarloaf Creek, a tributary of the Meander River, forms part of the southern boundary, and part of the eastern boundary runs parallel to Four Springs Creek. The 2016 census determined a population of 182 for the state suburb of Birralee.

Local government areas of Tasmania
The councils of Tasmania are the 29 local administrative units of the Australian state of Tasmania. Local government areas (LGAs), more generally known as councils, are the tier of government responsible for the management of local duties such as road maintenance, town planning and waste management.
Wait (Seven Mary Three song)
"Wait" is a song by Seven Mary Three and the lead single from their fifth studio album, The Economy of Sound, released on June 5, 2001. It also served as the English lead single to the Crazy/Beautiful film soundtrack released three weeks later (La Ley's "Every Time/Siempre" was its Spanish lead single). "Wait" has since become one of the band's most popular songs, having reached #7 on Billboard's Mainstream Rock Tracks. It also entered radio as the #1 Most Added record of the format in its first two weeks.

Crazy/Beautiful
Crazy/Beautiful (stylized as crazy/beautiful) is a 2001 American teen romantic drama film starring Kirsten Dunst and Jay Hernandez (in his film debut). It is largely set at Palisades Charter High School and the surrounding area, including Downtown Los Angeles, Pacific Palisades, Malibu, and East Los Angeles.

Poor Latino Carlos Nuñez and the troubled congressman's daughter Nicole Oakley inadvertantly meet far from their school Pacific Palisades High, and soon form an unlikely relationship despite others' opposition.

The film was released on June 29, 2001, to mostly favorable reviews and modestly recovered its production budget.
European Mixed Team Badminton Championships
The European Mixed Team Badminton Championships is a tournament organized by the Badminton Europe (BE), held once every two years to crown the best badminton mixed national team in Europe.

It was played just before the European Badminton Championships, the individual competition, in the same venue. However, the European team tournament was split from the European individual event for the first time in 2009.

During the tournament, each tie comprises five matches: men and women's singles, men and women's doubles, and mixed doubles.

Badminton Europe
Badminton Europe (BEC) is the governing body of badminton in Europe. It is one of the five continental bodies under the flag of the Badminton World Federation (BWF). It  has 53 member associations and 1 associate member. It was founded on 27 September 1967 in Frankfurt, Germany.

At its annual meeting held on 8 April 2006 the members decided to change the name from European Badminton Union, to Badminton Europe.