hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Idington, Minnesota
Idington is an unincorporated community in Angora Township, Saint Louis County, Minnesota, United States; located within the Sturgeon River State Forest.

The community is located between Cook and Virginia at the intersection of U.S. Highway 53 and Saint Louis County Road 936 (Hannula Road).

County Road 467 (Heino Road) is also in the area.

St. Louis County, Minnesota
St. Louis County is a county  in the Arrowhead Region of  Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 200,231. Its county seat is Duluth. It is the largest county in Minnesota by land area, and the largest in the United States by total area east of the Mississippi River.
St. Louis County is included in the Duluth, MN–Superior, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Major industries include pulpwood production and tourism. Open pit mining of taconite and processing it into high grade iron ore remains an important part of the economy of the Iron Range and is directly tied to shipping in the twin ports of Duluth and Superior. Parts of the federally recognized Bois Forte and Fond du Lac Indian reservations are in the county.
Holden, West Virginia
Holden is a census-designated place (CDP) in Logan County, West Virginia, United States. The population was 876 at the 2010 census, down from 1,105 in 2000. By 2020, the population further dropped to 783. The CDP contains the unincorporated communities of Holden, Beebe, Frogtown, Sycamore, Diamond, and Davis, all in the valley of Copperas Mine Fork.

Logan County, West Virginia
Logan County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 32,567. Its county seat is Logan.  Logan County comprises the Logan, WV Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Charleston–Huntington–Ashland, WV–OH–KY Combined Statistical Area.
2021 SAFF U-19 Women's Championship
The 2021 SAFF U-19 Women's Championship was the second edition of the SAFF U-19 Women's Championship, an international football competition for women's under-19 national teams organized by SAFF. The tournament was held  from 11 to 22 December 2021 at BSSS Mostafa Kamal Stadium, Dhaka in Bangladesh.

Bangladesh is the defending champion having  defeated India 1–0
goals in the final of the tournament.

Bangladesh women's national under-20 football team
Bangladesh women's national under-20 football team represents Bangladesh in international football competitions for players under the age of 20. The team competes in the FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup, AFC U-20 Women's Asian Cup as well as SAFF U-20 Women's Championship.
The Early Years: Rare Demos '91–'94
The Early Years: Rare Demos '91–'94 is the first rarities compilation by American hip hop musician Ill Bill, released on September 16, 2001 by Psycho+Logical-Records.

The compilation contains 12 demos, an intro, two skits and one remix. Featured guests on the compilation include Goretex and Gongo Boy.

"Peep the Zoobaz" was also remixed for this release.

Psycho+Logical-Records
Psycho+Logical-Records is an independent record label based in New York City. Founded in 1999 by rapper and producer Necro, its first release was Necro's debut I Need Drugs. It went on to release notable albums by hip hop artists such as the debut solo albums of Ill Bill, Sabac Red and Goretex of Non Phixion, as well as Mr. Hyde. Releases are distributed on CD & digitally through formats such as iTunes, and several albums and singles have been released on 12" vinyl as well. Among the label's current artists are Necro and Mr Hyde, and the label as of 2014 has released 42 albums.
Štivor
Štivor (Serbian: Штивoр) is a village near Prnjavor in the Republika Srpska entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The settlement is notable for its Italian community, the only still existing in BiH, originating from Trentino in northern Italy.

Prnjavor, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Prnjavor (Serbian Cyrillic: Прњавор, pronounced [prɲǎːʋɔr]) is a city and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the 2013 census, the town has a population of 8,120 inhabitants, with 35,956 inhabitants in the municipality.
Nazarius (rhetorician)
Nazarius, (fl. 4th century CE), was a Roman and a Latin rhetorician and panegyrist. He was, according to Ausonius, a professor of rhetoric at Burdigala (Bordeaux).

The extant speech of which he is undoubtedly the author (in R.A.B. Mynors, XII Panegyrici Latini, Oxford 1964, No. 4; English translation in C.E.V. Nixon / Barbara Rodgers, In Praise of Later Roman Emperors, Berkeley 1994) was delivered in 321 CE to celebrate the fifteenth anniversary of the accession of Constantine the Great, and the fifth of his son Constantine's admission to the rank of Caesar. The preceding speech (No. 12), celebrating the victory of Constantine over Maxentius, delivered in 313 CE at Augusta Treverorum (Trier), has often been attributed to Nazarius, but the difference in style and vocabulary, and the more distinctly Christian coloring of Nazarius's speech, are against this.

Panegyrici Latini
XII Panegyrici Latini or Twelve Latin Panegyrics is the conventional title of a  collection of twelve ancient Roman  and late antique prose panegyric orations written in Latin.
The authors of most of the speeches in the collection are anonymous, but appear to have been Gallic in origin. Aside from the first panegyric, composed by Pliny the Younger in AD 100, the other speeches in the collection date to between AD 289 and 389 and were probably composed in Gaul. 
The original manuscript, discovered in 1433, has perished; only copies remain.
Tensile testing
Tensile testing, also known as tension testing, is a fundamental materials science and engineering test in which a sample is subjected to a controlled tension until failure.  Properties that are directly measured via a tensile test are ultimate tensile strength, breaking strength, maximum elongation and reduction in area. From these measurements the following properties can also be determined: Young's modulus, Poisson's ratio, yield strength, and strain-hardening characteristics. Uniaxial tensile testing is the most commonly used for obtaining the mechanical characteristics of isotropic materials. Some materials use biaxial tensile testing. The main difference between these testing machines being how load is applied on the materials.

Work hardening
Work hardening, also known as strain hardening, is the process by which a material's load-bearing capacity (strength) increases during plastic (permanent) deformation. This characteristic is what sets ductile materials apart from brittle materials. Work hardening may be desirable, undesirable, or inconsequential, depending on the application.

This strengthening occurs because of dislocation movements and dislocation generation within the crystal structure of the material. Many non-brittle metals with a reasonably high melting point as well as several polymers can be strengthened in this fashion. Alloys not amenable to heat treatment, including low-carbon steel, are often work-hardened. Some materials cannot be work-hardened at low temperatures, such as indium, however others can be strengthened only via work hardening, such as pure copper and aluminum.
Kansai University
Kansai University (関西大学, Kansai Daigaku), abbreviated as Kandai (関大) or Kansaidai (関西大), is a private non-sectarian and coeducational university with its main campus in Suita, Osaka, Japan and two sub-campuses in Sakai and Takatsuki, Osaka. Founded as Kansai Law School in 1886, It has been recognized as one of the four leading private universities in western Japan: Kan-Kan-Do-Ritsu (関関同立), along with Kwansei Gakuin University, Doshisha University, and Ritsumeikan University.

The athletic teams at Kansai University are known as the Kaisers and are primarily members of the Kansai Big 6. The Kansai–Kwansei Gakuin rivalry is a college rivalry between two universities located in Kansai, Japan.

Sakai
Sakai (堺市, Sakai-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜ.kai, sa.kaꜜi.ɕi]) is a city located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. It has been one of the largest and most important seaports of Japan since the medieval era. Sakai is known for its kofun, keyhole-shaped burial mounds dating from the fifth century. The kofun in Sakai include the largest grave in the world by area, Daisen Kofun. Once known for swords, Sakai is now famous for the quality of its cutlery. As of 1 January 2022, the city had an estimated population of 819,965, making it the fourteenth most populous city in Japan (excluding Tokyo).
Wynyard Golf Club
Wynyard Golf Club is a golf club situated in the village of Wynyard near Sedgefield, County Durham, England. The course was built in 1996 alongside the building of the Wynyard Estates development and was designed by Hawtree.

The Wellington Course has been acknowledged by the European Tour as a high-quality golf course. As a result, Wynyard Golf Club was chosen to host the 2005 Seve Trophy between Great Britain and Ireland and Continental Europe. The trophy was won 16½–11½ by Great Britain and Ireland.

The course has also hosted one of the qualifying stages for the European Tour (PQ1). The highest finishers moved on to the next stage before earning the tour cards for the next year. Also, it has hosted Challenge Tour events alongside local charity events.

Wynyard, County Durham
Wynyard is a garden village in County Durham, England.

It was designated a Garden Village by the government in 2020. Administratively, it is divided between the Borough of Stockton-on-Tees and the Borough of Hartlepool, with each containing a civil parish called "Wynyard".

Wynyard Estate has some of the most expensive houses in the North East, as well as the most expensive road in Teesside. Wynyard Park is home to several gated communities, the main one being the Manorside development, a collection of 27 self-built executive homes.
Kidnapping of Edward Bremer
The 1934 kidnapping of Edward Bremer was the last major criminal enterprise of the Barker-Karpis gang. Though successful in netting the gang a large ransom, it brought down the full force of the FBI on the gang, resulting in the death or capture of its main members in the months afterwards. The kidnapping was ordered by St. Paul Jewish-American organized crime boss Harry Sawyer, and carried out by Fred Barker, Alvin Karpis, Arthur Barker, Volney Davis and Chicago Outfit mobster George Ziegler.

The successful capture and prosecution of the kidnappers greatly enhanced the reputation of the FBI. The strong evidence that the city's police were working with the criminals helped fuel campaigns against police corruption.

Volney Davis
Volney Everett "Curley" Davis (February 14, 1902 – July 20, 1979) was an American bank robber and Great Depression-era outlaw. A longtime Oklahoma bandit, he was the boyfriend of Edna Murray and an associate of both the John Dillinger and Alvin Karpis-Barker gangs during the 1930s.
Calumbo
Calumbo is a municipality in the province of Icolo e Bengo in Angola. Prior to the creation of Icolo e Bengo in 2024, it had been a commune in the province of Luanda. The municipality had a population of 652,270 in 2024.

Communes of Angola
The Communes of Angola (Portuguese: comunas) are administrative units in Angola after municipalities. The 163 municipalities of Angola are divided into communes. There are a total of 618 communes of Angola:
Formal ball
In topology, a branch of mathematics, a formal ball is an extension of the notion of ball to allow unbounded and negative radius.  The concept of formal ball was introduced by Weihrauch and Schreiber in 1981 and the negative radius case (the generalized formal ball) by Tsuiki and Hattori in 2008.

Specifically, if  is a metric space then an element of  is a formal ball, where  is the set of nonnegative real numbers.  Elements of  are known as generalized formal balls.

Formal balls possess a partial order  defined by  if .

Generalized formal balls are interesting because this partial order works just as well for  as for , even though a generalized formal ball with negative radius does not correspond to a subset of .

Formal balls possess the Lawson topology and the Martin topology.

Lawson topology
In mathematics and theoretical computer science, the Lawson topology, named after Jimmie D. Lawson, is a topology on partially ordered sets (posets) used in the study of domain theory. The lower topology on a poset P is generated by the subbasis consisting of all complements of principal filters on P. The Lawson topology on P is the smallest common refinement of the lower topology and the Scott topology on P.
1971–72 Lion Shield
The 1971–72 season of the Lion Shield was the third season of top flight association football competition in Tonga. Kolofo'ou No.1, Veitongo and Ngeleia shared the championship after they all finished tied with 18 points after eleven games. This was Kolofo'ou's third consecutive title.

Kolofoʻou No.1
Kolofo'ou No.1 is a football club from Tonga, and played in the Tonga Major League, the highest level of association football competition in Tonga. They were the most successful team in Tonga in the 1970s, winning three consecutive national titles. Their last recorded participation in the Tonga Major League was in 2010.
Orior Lower
Orior Lower (from Irish: Airthir, the name of an ancient Gaelic territory) is a barony in County Armagh, Northern Ireland. It lies in the east of the county and borders County Down with its eastern boundary. It is bordered by seven other baronies: Fews Upper to the south-west; Fews Lower to the west; Oneilland West to the north-west; Oneilland East to the north; Iveagh Lower, Lower Half to the north-east; Iveagh Upper, Upper Half to the east; and Orior Upper to the south. A small enclave of Orior Lower resides in the east of Orior Upper.

Iveagh Lower, Lower Half
Iveagh Lower, Lower Half is the name of a barony in County Down, Northern Ireland. It was created by 1851 with the division of the barony of Iveagh Lower into two. It is bordered by six other baronies: Massereene Upper to the north; Castlereagh Upper to the east; Iveagh Lower, Upper Half and Iveagh Upper, Upper Half to the south; Oneilland East and Orior Lower to the west.
Ruswarp Hydro
Ruswarp Hydro or Whitby Esk Energy, is a Hydroelectric generation scheme that operates on the River Esk at Ruswarp, North Yorkshire, England. The project uses an Archimedes Screw in a reverse direction to generate electricity and was funded by people in the community. Around 4 tonnes (4.4 tons) of water pass along the screw per second, which generates enough electricity to power 45–48 homes.

River Esk, North Yorkshire
The River Esk is a river in North Yorkshire, England that empties into the North Sea at Whitby after a course of around 28 miles (45 km) through Eskdale. The name of the river is derived from the Brythonic word ‘isca’ meaning ‘water’. The Esk is the only major river in Yorkshire that flows direct into the North Sea; all other watercourses defined as being major rivers by the Environment Agency flow into the North Sea via the River Tees or the Humber Estuary.
1989–90 Primera División de Fútbol Profesional
The 1989–90 Primera División de El Salvador is the 39th tournament of El Salvador's Primera División since its establishment of the National League system in 1948. The tournament was scheduled to end in April 1990. Alianza FC, the best regular season team, won the championship match against Luis Angel Firpo, the best team in the final group.

Alianza FC (El Salvador)
Alianza Fútbol Club, also known simply as Alianza, is a Salvadoran professional football club based in San Salvador. They compete in the Primera División, the top division of Salvadoran football.

Founded in 1958, Alianza was almost immediately successful, winning its first championships in the 1966 and 1967 Salvadoran seasons. Even more significantly, Alianza was the first Central American and Salvadoran club to win the CONCACAF Champions' Cup in 1967, and is currently one of only three Salvadoran teams to have done so.
Irina Rozova
Irina Rozova (23 January 1958 – 19 July 2023) was a Lithuanian journalist and politician. A member of the Russian Alliance party, she served in the Seimas on the Lithuanian Poles' Electoral Action-Christian Family Association Group election list.

Russian Alliance
The Russian Alliance (Lithuanian: Rusų aljansas, Russian: Русский альянс, romanized: Russkiy al'yans) was a Lithuanian political party founded in 2002 which represented the interests of Russians in Lithuania and was based in the Klaipėda region, in western Lithuania. The party's chairperson during its existence was Tamara Lochankina, but its de facto leader was Member of the Seimas Irina Rozova.

The party was disbanded in 2022 and was de-registered by the Central Election Commission in 2024.
70th Venice International Film Festival
The 70th annual Venice International Film Festival, was held from 28 August to 7 September 2013, at Venice Lido in Italy.

Italian filmmaker Bernardo Bertolucci was the jury president for the main competition. He was previously the president of the jury at the 40th edition in 1983. Italian actress Eva Riccobono hosted the opening and closing nights of the festival.

The Golden Lion was awarded to Sacro GRA by Gianfranco Rosi, marking the first documentary film to ever win it.

American filmmaker William Friedkin received the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement during the festival.

The festival opened with Gravity by Alfonso Cuarón, and closed with Amazonia by Thierry Ragobert.

Amazonia (film)
Amazonia (Portuguese: Amazônia) is a 2013 Brazilian-French adventure drama film co-written and directed by Thierry Ragobert. The main character of the film is Sai (Castanha in the Brazilian version), a young capuchin monkey raised in captivity. After a plane crash strands him in the Amazon rainforest, he must find his way amongst the beauty and danger that exists within the Amazon.

Though the film's narration lends it the feel of documentary, the story of Sai's struggle is fictionalized. The filmmakers used former pet monkeys from a Brazilian sanctuary to shoot the scenes involving capuchins. The English version is narrated by Martin Sheen.

Amazonia was screened out of competition at the 70th Venice International Film Festival and closed the festival.
Erik Lennart Karlsson
Erik Lennart Karlsson (1918 – 2001) was a Swedish banker and economist.

Erik Karlsson studied as an adult at Brunnsvik Folk High School after the Second World War, and got a bachelor's degree at Stockholm University. He began working at Sveriges Riksbank in 1960 and became deputy governor of the Riksbank in 1980. From November 1968, he was an executive director of the World Bank until 1971. After his retirement, he served in a SIDA aid project as Governor of the Central Bank of Lesotho from November 1985 to June 1988. Then he was the advisor of the governor of the Central Bank of Kenya from 1989 to 1990. Then he served as deputy governor of the Bank of Namibia, from July 1990 to August 1991, and then as governor of the Bank of Namibia from September 1991 to 31 December 1993.

Central Bank of Lesotho
The Central Bank of Lesotho (Sotho: Banka e Kholo ea Lesotho) is the central bank of Lesotho, in southern Africa.  The bank is located in Maseru and its current governor is Dr. Emmanuel Letete (effective from June 2022).  The bank was established in 1978 as the Lesotho Monetary Authority.
The Country Mouse and the City Mouse: A Christmas Tale
The Country Mouse and the City Mouse: A Christmas Tale is an animated TV special produced and directed by Michael Sporn and written by Maxine Fisher, adapted by Tish Rabe. Produced by Michael Sporn Animation, Random House and HBO, it aired on December 8, 1993, as part as the HBO Storybook Musicals series. As the title implies, the story is an adaptation of the Aesop fable, where it was set around Christmastime. The special's two main characters, Emily and Alexander, were voiced respectively by Crystal Gayle and John Lithgow.

In 1994, Random House Children's Media published a children's book titled The Country Mouse and the City Mouse: Christmas Is Where the Heart Is, which was based on the animated special. The book was written by Maxine Fisher and illustrated by Jerry Smath.

The main characters would later appear in the second iteration of Cinar's animated series, The Country Mouse and the City Mouse Adventures, which also aired on HBO.

The Country Mouse and the City Mouse Adventures
The Country Mouse and the City Mouse Adventures is an animated television series produced by CINAR Films, France Animation, Ravensburger Film & TV, WIC Entertainment, Reader's Digest, TVOntario, Videal, Motion Pictures, S.A., Canal J, and France 3.

The Country Mouse and the City Mouse Adventures aired in the U.S. on HBO (who also provided development funding for the series) from March 1, 1998 to October 27, 1999. It premiered in France on France 3 on March 27, 1998.
Distort Yourself
Distort Yourself is the only studio album by American rock band Institute, led by then-former Bush frontman Gavin Rossdale. Released on September 13, 2005, through Interscope Records, the album was co-produced by Helmet frontman Page Hamilton. The album also produced the single "Bulletproof Skin."

Bush (British band)
Bush are  an English rock band formed in London in 1992. As of 2025, their lineup consists of lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist Gavin Rossdale, lead guitarist Chris Traynor, bassist Corey Britz, and drummer Nik Hughes.

In 1994, Bush found immediate success outside the UK with the release of their debut album, Sixteen Stone, which is certified six times multi-platinum by the RIAA. Bush have had numerous top ten singles on the Billboard rock charts and one No. 1 album with Razorblade Suitcase in 1996. The band broke up in 2002 but reformed in 2010, and have released six albums since then: The Sea of Memories (2011), Man on the Run (2014), Black and White Rainbows (2017), The Kingdom (2020), The Art of Survival (2022) and I Beat Loneliness (2025).

Writers at 106.3 The Buzz consider Bush one of the "Big Four" of post-grunge.
Pontardawe Tinplate Works
Pontardawe Tinplate Works was a tinplate works in Pontardawe, Wales. The factory was founded in 1843 by William Parsons, as the Primrose Forge and Tinplate Works. In 1861, it was leased from him by William Gilbertson, by which time it comprised nine mills. The workforce was largely recruited from amongst mainly Welsh-speaking former coal miners after local seams had been exhausted.

The site of the works is now occupied by Cwmtawe Community School, Pontardawe Leisure Centre with the associated Ynysderw Playing Fields, and several stores.

Pontardawe
Pontardawe (Welsh pronunciation: [pɔntarˈdawɛ] ⓘ) is a town and a community in the lower Swansea Valley (Welsh: Cwmtawe). It had a population of approximately 7,172 in the 2021 Census for Pontardawe Parish, and forms part of the county borough of Neath Port Talbot.

On the opposite bank of the River Tawe is the village of Alltwen, part of the community of Cilybebyll, and is administered separately from Pontardawe. The town is at the crossroads of the A474 road and the A4067 road.

Pontardawe came into existence as a small settlement on the north-western bank of the River Tawe, where the drovers' road from Neath and Llandeilo crossed the river to go up the valley to Brecon. The National Cycle Route 43 from Swansea to Builth Wells passes through the town and the recreation ground.