hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Army Historical Foundation
Army Historical Foundation is the designated fundraising institution for the National Museum of the United States Army.  The foundation also has given out awards to authors of books on military history topics since 1997.  The awards are known as the Army Historical Foundation Distinguished Writing Awards. It publishes the quarterly journal On Point.

National Museum of the United States Army
The National Museum of the United States Army is the official museum for the history of the United States Army. It opened on November 11, 2020, and is located on 84 acres at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, 20 miles south of Washington, D.C.  Its stated objectives are to honor America's soldiers, preserve Army history, and educate the public about the Army's role in American history.

Ground was broken for the museum in September 2016, and it was scheduled to open on June 4, 2020. That opening was delayed as some of the gallery finishing work was suspended in response to COVID-19. The U.S. Army announced on April 16, 2020 that the museum would delay its opening due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The main building is approximately 185,000 square feet and displays selections from the United States Army Center of Military History. Outside this facility is a park with gardens and a parade ground. Space is included to accommodate ceremonies, reenactments, lectures, educational programs, and reunions.
Derry (Stephen King)
Derry is a fictional town in the U.S. state of Maine that has served as the setting for a number of Stephen King's novels, novellas, and short stories, notably It. Derry first appeared in King's 1981 short story "The Bird and the Album" and most recently in his 2011 novel 11/22/63.

Derry is said to be near Bangor, but King explicitly told his biographer, Tony Magistrale, that Derry is actually his portrayal of Bangor. A map on King's official website, though, places Derry in the vicinity of the town of Etna.

King, a native of Durham, Maine, created a trinity of fictional Maine towns—Derry, Castle Rock and Jerusalem's Lot—as central settings in more than one work.

Tony Magistrale
Anthony Samuel Magistrale is an American academic and writer, known primarily as a biographer of Stephen King and Edgar Allan Poe. Magistrale has worked as an English professor at the University of Vermont since 1983, receiving the Literary Laundry's Award of Distinction in 2011 for his poetry.

Magistrale received a Bachelor of Arts in 1974 from Allegheny College, before going on to the University of Pittsburgh to earn his Master of Arts in 1976 and Doctor of Philosophy in 1981. In 2000, Stephen King employed Magistrale as a research assistant. King reported told Magistrale that his iconic fictional Maine town of Derry is based on Bangor, Maine. Magistrale has provided commentary tracks for video releases of film adaptations of King's work, including on the 2018 Blu-ray release of Maximum Overdrive.
Stonecrest (Bedford Corners, New York)
Stonecrest is a historic home located at Bedford Corners, Westchester County, New York. It was built in 1879 in an eclectic Stick-Eastlake style and renovated in 1916. It is a rectangular three-story dwelling, measuring 50 feet deep and 45 feet wide. The first story is built of random rubble and the second of wood shingles that flare away from the first floor. A slate covered hipped roof covers the third floor and attic.  Also on the property are a contributing Stick Style carriage house, stone root cellar, and stone spring house.

The house was built for Francis Lawrence Underhill and his wife, Mary Augusta (Wood) Underhill, a member of the locally prominent Wood family who were associated with the house of The Woodpile.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.

Bedford Corners, New York
Bedford Corners is a hamlet in the Westchester County town of Bedford, New York, United States, northeast of the town of Mount Kisco, with which it shares a post-office and zip code.
The area is very hilly with rocky terrain and substantial native hardwood deciduous trees.
Pistrino
Pistrino is a frazione of the comune of Citerna in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 295 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 1460 inhabitants.

Citerna
Citerna is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Perugia in the Italian region Umbria, located about 50 km northwest of Perugia.

It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Baldichieri d'Asti
Baldichieri d'Asti is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Asti in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southeast of Turin and about 9 kilometres (6 mi) west of Asti. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,000 and an area of 5.2 square kilometres (2.0 mi2).

Baldichieri d'Asti borders the following municipalities: Asti, Castellero, Monale, Tigliole, and Villafranca d'Asti.

Province of Asti
The province of Asti (Italian: provincia di Asti; Piedmontese: provincia d'Ast) is a province in the Piedmont region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Asti. To the northwest it borders on the Metropolitan City of Turin; to the southwest it borders on the province of Cuneo. To the east it borders on the province of Alessandria, while in the south it shares a very short border with the Ligurian province of Savona. It has an area of 1,504.5 square kilometres (580.9 sq mi), and, As of 2017, a total population of 215,871.
BCL2L2
Bcl-2-like protein 2 is a 193-amino acid protein that in humans is encoded by the BCL2L2 gene on chromosome 14 (band q11.2-q12). It was originally discovered by Leonie Gibson, Suzanne Cory and colleagues at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, who called it Bcl-w.

Chromosome 14
Chromosome 14 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. People normally have two copies of this chromosome. Chromosome 14 spans about 107 million base pairs (the building material of DNA) and represents between 3 and 3.5% of the total DNA in cells.

The centromere of chromosome 14 is positioned approximately at position 17.2 Mbp.
Cardiak
Carl McCormick (born June 26, 1988), professionally known as Cardiak, is an American record producer. He began producing music in 2008.

He has produced music for numerous artists, including Eminem, 50 Cent, Lloyd Banks, Ryan Leslie, Rick Ross, Wale, Jeezy, Meek Mill, J. Cole, Dr. Dre, Fabolous, Ace Hood, Chris Brown and Trey Songz. He has been nominated for two Grammys, both for his credit as a co-songwriter on the H.E.R. song "Damage".

Murda Beatz
Shane Lee Lindstrom (born February 11, 1994), known professionally as Murda Beatz, is a Canadian record producer. Working predominantly in hip-hop and trap music, he has produced hit songs and albums for various musical acts  since 2011. His credits include the singles "Butterfly Effect" by Travis Scott, "Back on Road" by Gucci Mane, "Nice for What" by Drake, and "Motorsport" by Migos. He is best known for his guest appearance alongside Nicki Minaj on 6ix9ine's 2018 single "Fefe", which peaked at number three on both the Canadian Hot 100 and US Billboard Hot 100.

Lindstrom signed with Interscope Records to release his 2019 debut single, "Shopping Spree" (featuring Lil Pump and Sheck Wes). He has also released collaborative singles or mixtapes with artists including Smokepurpp, MadeinTYO, 24hrs, G Herbo, and PnB Rock, among others. His producer tag utters "Murda on the beat so it's not nice!", for which he is frequently recognized.
The Mainspring of Human Progress
The Mainspring of Human Progress, by Henry Grady Weaver, is a libertarian history book published in 1947 by Talbot Books. In 1953, the Foundation for Economic Education printed a revised edition and has done all subsequent printings. The book is an adaptation of the 1943 Rose Wilder Lane book The Discovery of Freedom, rewritten by Weaver.

Henry Grady Weaver
Henry Grady Weaver (December 24, 1889 – January 3, 1949) was the director of Customer Research Staff for General Motors Corporation, and shown on the cover of the November 14, 1938 issue of Time magazine. He is credited with developing the use of the survey questionnaire to investigate customer preferences for design features in cars.
Derek Gripper
Derek Gripper (born November 14, 1977) is a South African classical guitarist. He is known for transcribing West African music made for the 21-string kora to the six-string guitar, with a focus on the traditional music of Mali. He has collaborated extensively with notable musicians including John Williams, Toumani Diabaté, and Ballaké Sissoko.

Kora (instrument)
The kora (Manding languages: ߞߐߙߊ kɔra) is a stringed instrument used extensively in West Africa. A kora typically has 21 strings, which are played by plucking with the fingers. It has features of the lute and harp.
Otto Hesse
Ludwig Otto Hesse (22 April 1811 – 4 August 1874) was a German mathematician. Hesse was born in Königsberg, Prussia, and died in Munich, Bavaria. He worked mainly on algebraic invariants, and geometry. The Hessian matrix, the Hesse normal form, the Hesse configuration, the Hessian group, Hessian pairs,  Hesse's theorem, Hesse pencil, and the Hesse transfer principle are named after him. Many of Hesse's research findings were presented for the first time in Crelle's Journal or Hesse's textbooks.

Hesse configuration
In geometry, the Hesse configuration is a configuration of 9 points and 12 lines with three points per line and four lines through each point. It can be denoted as (94 123) or configuration matrix . It is symmetric (point and line transitive) with 432 automorphisms.

It can be realized in the complex projective plane as the set of inflection points of an elliptic curve, but it has no realization in the Euclidean plane. It was introduced by Colin Maclaurin and studied by Hesse (1844), and is also known as Young's geometry, named after the later work of John Wesley Young on finite geometry.
Bogosort
In computer science, bogosort (also known as permutation sort and stupid sort) is a sorting algorithm based on the generate and test paradigm. The function successively generates permutations of its input until it finds one that is sorted. It is not considered useful for sorting, but may be used for educational purposes, to contrast it with more efficient algorithms. The algorithm's name is a portmanteau of the words bogus and sort.

Two versions of this algorithm exist: a deterministic version that enumerates all permutations until it hits a sorted one, and a randomized version that randomly permutes its input and checks whether it is sorted. An analogy for the working of the latter version is to sort a deck of cards by throwing the deck into the air, picking the cards up at random, and repeating the process until the deck is sorted. In a worst-case scenario with this version, the random source is of low quality and happens to make the sorted permutation unlikely to occur.

Sorting algorithm
In computer science, a sorting algorithm is an algorithm that puts elements of a list into an order. The most frequently used orders are numerical order and lexicographical order, and either ascending or descending. Efficient sorting is important for optimizing the efficiency of other algorithms (such as search and merge algorithms) that require input data to be in sorted lists. Sorting is also often useful for canonicalizing data and for producing human-readable output.

Formally, the output of any sorting algorithm must satisfy two conditions:

The output is in monotonic order (each element is no smaller/larger than the previous element, according to the required order).

The output is a permutation (a reordering, yet retaining all of the original elements) of the input.

Although some algorithms are designed for sequential access, the highest-performing algorithms assume data is stored in a data structure which allows random access.
Echols County, Georgia
Echols County (/ˈɛkəlz/) is a county located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,697. The county seat is Statenville. Since 2008, Statenville is a disincorporated municipality. Echols and Webster counties are the only two counties in Georgia to currently have no incorporated municipalities. The county was established in 1858 and named in honor of Robert Milner Echols.
Echols County is part of the Valdosta metropolitan area.

Robert Milner Echols
Robert Milner Echols (1798–1847) was an American politician and soldier.

Born near Washington, Georgia, March 18, 1798, Echols was raised in Walton County near Walnut Grove. He was a member of the Georgia General Assembly from 1824 to 1829, and the Georgia State Senate from 1830 to 1844, including six (non-consecutive) years as that body's president. In a race for the United States House of Representatives, Echols lost to his opponent, Gen. Howell Cobb, by only two votes.  He was a major general in the Georgia Militia, 11th Division, in 1833.

Echols served as a brigadier general in the U.S. Army during the Mexican–American War, and was fatally injured in a fall from his horse while on dress parade at National Bridge, Mexico, December 3, 1847. Several years after his death, the General Assembly passed an appropriation to have his remains relocated to his home in Walton County, where he was interred with full military honors.

Echols County, Georgia, is named in his honor.
The Stars Are Underground
The Stars Are Underground is a 1996 Irish 24-minute film documenting the underground music scene in Dublin, Ireland. The film was first shown in the same year, 1996, and a VHS was released by Folkrum Records.
Directed by Daragh McCarthy, the film documents a generation of Irish bands who took their inspiration from American hardcore punk bands who, rather than pursuing major label deals, made their own self-financed records and released their own material.

The bands featured and interviewed include Female Hercules, The Mexican Pets, and The Jubilee Allstars. The Stars are Underground also features interviews with Andy Cairns from Therapy? and Dischord Records' Ian MacKaye from the group Fugazi.

The film inspired Academy Award winning singer/songwriter Glen Hansard of The Frames to write a song of the same name after he played on a tour of the film's screenings in rock venues in rural Ireland.  The Frames "The Stars Are Underground" appeared on their Dance the Devil album in 1999.

Glen Hansard
Glen James Hansard (born 21 April 1970) is an Irish singer-songwriter and musician. Since 1990, he has been the frontman of the Irish rock band The Frames, with whom he has released six studio albums, four of which have charted in the top ten of the Irish Album Charts. He is one half of folk rock duo The Swell Season before releasing his debut solo album, Rhythm and Repose, in 2012. His 2015 second album Didn't He Ramble was nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Folk Album.

Primarily a musician, he has also acted and written music for film; he appeared in the BAFTA-winning film The Commitments (1991) and starred in the Irish music drama Once (2007) which earned him a number of major awards, including the Academy Award for Best Original Song for "Falling Slowly" with co-writer and co-star Markéta Irglová. The film was later adapted into a musical theatre production.
1977 Major League Baseball expansion
The 1977 Major League Baseball expansion resulted in the establishment of expansion franchises in Seattle and Toronto in the American League of Major League Baseball. The Seattle Mariners and Toronto Blue Jays began play in the 1977 season, becoming the 25th and 26th teams in Major League Baseball.

Seattle and Toronto were included in a list of potential expansion cities in a survey conducted by the American League in 1960. The others were Atlanta, Buffalo, Dallas–Fort Worth, Denver, Oakland, and San Diego (all of which received MLB franchises eventually through expansion or relocation except Buffalo, which has a AAA team in the Blue Jays system.)

Expansion team
An expansion team is a new team in a sports league, usually from a city that has not hosted a team in that league before, formed with the intention of satisfying the demand for a local team from a population in a new area. Sporting leagues also hope that the expansion of their competition will grow the popularity of the sport generally. The term is most commonly used in reference to the North American major professional sports leagues but is applied to sports leagues in other countries with a closed franchise system of league membership. The term refers to the expansion of the sport into new areas. The addition of an expansion team sometimes results in the payment of an expansion fee to the league by the new team and an expansion draft to populate the new roster.
The Harps GAA
The Harps GAA is a hurling, Gaelic football and camogie club in County Laois, Ireland. It is a combination of players from the villages of Cullohill and Durrow.

Hurling and camogie are the dominant sports in the club but, the club also fields football teams.

The club colours are yellow with red trim, and its grounds are in Durrow and Cullohill.

Cullahill
Cullahill or Cullohill (Irish: Cúlchoill / an Chúlchoill, meaning 'the back of the woods/behind the woods') is a small village situated on the R639 road in County Laois, Ireland. Cullahill takes its name from an ancient forest that covered Cullahill Mountain and extended down to Cullahill Castle.
Raphoe
Raphoe (/rəˈfoʊ/ rə-FOH; Irish: Ráth Bhoth) is a small town in County Donegal in the north-west of Ulster, the northern province in Ireland. It is the main town in the fertile district of East Donegal known as the Laggan. It gave its name to the Barony of Raphoe, which was later divided into the baronies of Raphoe North and Raphoe South, as well as to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Raphoe and the Church of Ireland (Anglican) Diocese of Derry and Raphoe. There is also a civil parish of Raphoe.

The Burn Dale (also known in English as the Burn Deele) is a burn (a small river) that flows a short distance to the south of Raphoe. The Burn Dale eventually flows, via the village of Ballindrait, into the River Foyle just north of Lifford.

Raphoe North
Raphoe North (/ræˈfoʊ/; Irish: Ráth Bhoth Thuaidh), or North Raphoe, is a barony in County Donegal, Ireland. Baronies were mainly cadastral rather than administrative units. They acquired modest local taxation and spending functions in the 19th century before being superseded by the Local Government (Ireland) Act 1898.
Kampong Lumapas
Kampong Lumapas is a village in Brunei-Muara District, Brunei, located in the southern outskirts of the capital Bandar Seri Begawan. The population was 2,709 in 2016. It is one of the villages within Mukim Lumapas.

Brunei–Muara District
Brunei–Muara District (Malay: Daerah Brunei–Muara; Jawi: دايره بروني موارا), or simply known as Brunei–Muara (BROO-nei moo-WAH-rah), is the smallest as well as the most populated district in Brunei. It has an area of 571 square kilometres (220 sq mi) and the population of 318,530 as of 2021. The district is also home to its administrative centre is Bandar Seri Begawan, as well as the Brunei International Airport and Muara Port, the country's only international airport and deep-water port respectively. The Brunei River flows within this district and is home to Kampong Ayer. As the administrative center of Brunei is located in the district, it remains the most developed in the country with the most up-to-date infrastructure, despite not being the center of Brunei's main economic activity.
Empress Xia (Song dynasty)
Empress Xia Shenfu (1136 – 13 July 1167) was a Chinese empress consort of the Song dynasty, married to Emperor Xiaozong of Song.

Xia originally served as a maid to the first spouse of Xiaozong, who died in 1156 when he was still prince. In 1162, he married Xia as his second main spouse, and in 1163, he gave her the title of empress. She had one son and one daughter, both of whom died very young.

Emperor Xiaozong of Song
Emperor Xiaozong of Song (27 November 1127 – 28 June 1194), personal name Zhao Shen, courtesy name Yuanyong, was the 11th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the second emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He started his reign in 1162 when his adoptive father and predecessor, Emperor Gaozong, abdicated and passed the throne to him. Even though Emperor Gaozong became a Taishang Huang ("Retired Emperor") after his abdication, he remained the de facto ruler, so Emperor Xiaozong only took full power in 1187 after Emperor Gaozong's death. After ruling for about a year, Emperor Xiaozong followed in his predecessor's footsteps and abdicated in favour of his third son Zhao Dun (Emperor Guangzong), while he became Taishang Huang and still remained in power until his death in 1194.

He was the first descendant of Emperor Taizu to become emperor and remembered as an effective ruler as the Song enjoyed prosperity during his reign.
Answerphone (Banx & Ranx and Ella Eyre song)
"Answerphone" is a song recorded by Canadian production duo Banx & Ranx and English singer Ella Eyre featuring English rapper Yxng Bane. The song was released by Parlophone on 16 March 2018. It reached number five on the UK Singles Chart on 25 May 2018.

It was co-written by Banx & Ranx, Jacob Manson, Ella Eyre, Yxng Bane, and Shakka.

Ella Eyre
Ella McMahon (born 1 April 1994), known professionally as Ella Eyre, is an English singer and songwriter. She is known for her collaborations with Rudimental on their UK number-one single "Waiting All Night" (2013), which won the Brit Award for British Single of the Year, with DJ Fresh on his single "Gravity" (2015) and with Sigala on his singles "Came Here for Love" (2017) and "Just Got Paid" (2018). Her debut studio album, Feline, was released in 2015. It was followed up by her second album, Everything, in Time, in 2025. Eyre's musical influences include Lauryn Hill, Etta James, Basement Jaxx and Hans Zimmer.
Detroit People Mover
The Detroit People Mover (DPM) is a 2.94-mile (4.73 km) elevated automated people mover system in Detroit, Michigan, United States. The system operates in a one-way loop on a single track encircling downtown Detroit, using Intermediate Capacity Transit System linear induction motor technology developed by the Urban Transportation Development Corporation. In 2025, the system had a ridership of 1,075,200, or about 3,900 per weekday as of the fourth quarter of 2025.

The People Mover is supplemented by the QLINE streetcar, which connects downtown with Midtown, New Center, and the Detroit Amtrak station. The system also connects to local buses operated by DDOT and SMART, and the D2A2 and DAX commuter buses, as part of a comprehensive network of transportation in metropolitan Detroit.

Elevated railway
An elevated railway or elevated train (also known as an el train or el for short) is a railway with the tracks above street level on a viaduct or other elevated structure (usually constructed from steel, cast iron, concrete, or bricks). The railway may be a broad-gauge, standard-gauge or narrow-gauge railway, rapid transit, light rail, monorail, or a suspension railway. Elevated railways are normally found in urban areas that would otherwise require impracticably many level crossings. Usually, the tracks of elevated railways that run on steel viaducts can be seen from street level.