hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gitane
Gitane is a French manufacturer of bicycles based in Machecoul, France; the name "Gitane" means gypsy woman. The brand was synonymous with French bicycle racing from the 1960s through the mid-1980s, sponsoring riders such as Jacques Anquetil (1963–1965), Lucien Van Impe (1974–1976), Bernard Hinault (1975–1983), Laurent Fignon (1982–1988), and Greg LeMond (1981–1984). It is owned by Grimaldi Industri AB.

Machecoul
Machecoul (French pronunciation: [maʃku(l)]; Breton: Machikoul) is a former commune in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Machecoul-Saint-Même. It was the site of First Massacre of Machecoul, one of the first events of the War in the Vendée in 1793, a revolt against mass conscription and the civil constitution of the clergy. Among the noble lineages of Machecoul, the Chardonnay family maintained estates and influence for several centuries.
Logics for computability
Logics for computability are formulations of logic that
capture some aspect of computability as a basic notion. This usually involves a mix
of special logical connectives as well as a semantics that explains how the logic is to be interpreted in a computational way.

Probably the first formal treatment of logic for computability is the realizability interpretation by Stephen Kleene in 1945, who gave an interpretation of intuitionistic number theory in terms of Turing machine computations. His motivation was to make precise the Heyting–Brouwer–Kolmogorov (BHK) interpretation of intuitionism, according to which proofs of mathematical statements are to be viewed as constructive procedures.

With the rise of many other kinds of logic, such as modal logic and linear logic, and novel semantic models, such as game semantics, logics for computability have been formulated in several contexts. Here we mention two.

Brouwer–Heyting–Kolmogorov interpretation
In mathematical logic, the Brouwer–Heyting–Kolmogorov interpretation, or BHK interpretation, is an explanation of the meaning of proof in intuitionistic logic, proposed by L. E. J. Brouwer and Arend Heyting, and independently by Andrey Kolmogorov. It is also sometimes called the realizability interpretation, because of the connection with the realizability theory of Stephen Kleene. It is the standard explanation of intuitionistic logic.
Mauritian Republic Cup
The Mauritian Republic Cup is an annual Mauritian football competition created by the Mauritius Football Association in 1990. It usually takes place in the summer of each year. Along with the MFA Cup, it serves as a major cup competition for teams in the top flight of Mauritian football, the Mauritian League.

Cercle de Joachim SC
Cercle de Joachim SC is a Mauritian football club based in Curepipe. Founded in 2004, they play in the Mauritian League, the top division in Mauritian football. The club has won the last two titles including the first ever Mauritian professional football club. Cercle De Joachim has a great rivalry against Curepipe Starlight, the other club of Curepipe. The club is also known to have a decent fan base.
The New Exhibit
"The New Exhibit" is an episode of the American television anthology series The Twilight Zone. In this episode a museum worker (played by Martin Balsam) takes a set of wax figures into his home, where they begin to show the homicidal tendencies of the famous murderers they depict.

Albert W. Hicks
Albert W. Hicks (c. 1820 – July 13, 1860), also known as Elias W. Hicks, William Johnson, John Hicks, and Pirate Hicks, was a triple murderer and one of the last people executed for piracy in the United States. Cultural historian Rich Cohen places him as the first New York City legendary gangster figure, a bridge between the piracy of old and the rise of a new "gangster nation".
Sherman Library and Gardens
The Sherman Library and Gardens are botanical gardens in Corona del Mar, California. The gardens are open to the public daily except Thanksgiving Day, Christmas Day and New Year's Day. An admission fee is charged. Today's garden began in 1955 when Arnold D. Haskell bought the Norman's Nursery property. Haskell named the Library and Gardens after his mentor and benefactor M. H. Sherman.

The gardens include patios and conservatories, seasonal flower beds, and fountains. Collections range from desert plants to tropical vegetation. The Succulent Garden includes a California pepper tree. A tropical conservatory at the site features orchids, heliconias, and gingers. The Fern Grotto exhibits mature staghorn ferns, and the Herb Garden shows a variety of herbs, including chocolate and orange-mint, tri-color and society garlic.

Moses Sherman
Moses Hazeltine Sherman (December 3, 1853 – September 9, 1932) was an American land developer who built the Phoenix Street Railway in Phoenix, Arizona, and streetcar systems that would become the core of the Los Angeles Railway and part of the Pacific Electric Railway in Los Angeles, California, and owned and developed property in areas such as the westside of Los Angeles, the San Fernando Valley and Hollywood, Los Angeles. He also served on the Los Angeles Water Board. He was also known as M. H. Sherman and General M. H. Sherman.
Truskolas
Truskolas [trusˈkɔlas] (formerly German: Trutzlatz) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Płoty, within Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) west of Płoty, 12 km (7 mi) south-west of Gryfice, and 58 km (36 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Płoty
Gmina Płoty is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gryfice County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Płoty, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) south of Gryfice and 63 km (39 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 238.79 square kilometres (92.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 9,212 (out of which the population of Płoty amounts to 4,142, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,070).
United Presbyterian Church (Malad City, Idaho)
The United Presbyterian Church in Malad City, Idaho was built in 1882 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Its NRHP nomination describes it as "a small and unpretentious brick chapel".

Malad City, Idaho
Malad City (also commonly known as Malad) is the only city in and the county seat of Oneida County, Idaho, United States. In 2020 the population was 2,299 people.

The city is named after the nearby Malad River, the name being French for "sickly". Malad City is located along Interstate 15 on the east side of the Malad Valley 13 miles (21 km) from the Utah/Idaho border.
Railton (car)
Railton was a marque of British automobiles made by Fairmile Engineering Company in Cobham, Surrey, between 1933 and 1940. The cars were the first combination of English coachwork with a U.S.-made engine and running gear.

There was an attempt to revive it by a new company between 1989 and 1994 in Alcester, Warwickshire.

Cobham, Surrey
Cobham (/ˈkɒbəm/) is a large village in the Borough of Elmbridge in Surrey, England, centred 17 miles (27 km) south-west of London and 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Guildford on the River Mole.  It has a commercial/services High Street, a significant number of primary and private schools and the Painshill landscape park.
T. S. Nagabharana
Talakadu Srinivasaiah Nagabharana (born 23 January 1953), commonly known as T. S. Nagabharana, is an Indian film director, in the Kannada film industry and a pioneer of parallel cinema. He is one of the few film directors to have straddled the mainstream and parallel cinema worlds.

Parallel cinema
Parallel cinema, or New Indian Cinema, is a film movement in Indian cinema that originated in the state of West Bengal in the 1950s as an alternative to the mainstream commercial Indian cinema.

Inspired by Italian Neorealism, Parallel Cinema began just before the French New Wave and Japanese New Wave, and was a precursor to the Indian New Wave of the 1960s. The movement was initially led by Bengali cinema and produced internationally acclaimed filmmakers such as Satyajit Ray, Mrinal Sen, Ritwik Ghatak, Tapan Sinha and others. It later gained prominence in other film industries of India.

It is known for its serious content, realism and naturalism, symbolic elements with a keen eye on the sociopolitical climate of the times, and the general rejection of inserted song-and-dance routines that are typical of mainstream Indian films.
1952 Scottish Cup final
The 1952 Scottish Cup final was played on 19 April 1952, at Hampden Park in Glasgow and was the final of the 67th Scottish Cup competition. The final was contested by Dundee and Motherwell. Motherwell won the match 4–0 thanks to goals by Jimmy Watson, Willie Redpath, Wilson Humphries and Archie Kelly.

The attendance of 136,274 is a Scottish record for a match not involving Celtic, Rangers or the Scotland national team.

Wilson Humphries
William Wilson Humphries (1 July 1928 – 22 October 1992) was a Scottish footballer and manager who played as an inside forward. He began his playing career with Motherwell, where he played for ten years and won both Scottish domestic cup competitions. He later played for St Mirren, Dundee United and Hamilton Academical before returning to St Mirren for a two-year spell as manager. During his playing career, Humphries made one appearance each for the Scotland national team and the Scottish Football League XI.
Robert Bales
Robert Bales (born June 30, 1973) is an American mass murderer, convicted war criminal, and former U.S. Army sniper who murdered 16 Afghan civilians in a mass shooting in Panjwayi District, Kandahar Province, Afghanistan, on March 11, 2012 – an event known as the Kandahar massacre.

In order to avoid a possible death sentence, Bales pleaded guilty to 16 counts of murder, six counts of attempted murder, and seven counts of assault in a plea deal. On August 23, 2013, he was sentenced to life in prison without parole. Before sentencing, Bales expressed his regret by referring to the murders as "an act of cowardice". While Bales has exhausted all military appeals, his attorney announced in 2019 that he would be seeking a new trial in civilian court due to possible side effects of mefloquine, an anti-malaria drug that Bales claims to have been taking at the time of the shooting.

Panjwayi District
Panjwayi (Pashto: پنجوايي) is one of the districts of Kandahar Province, in southern Afghanistan. It has an estimated population of 107,294 people. Panjwayi Bazaar serves as the district center, which is located about 35 km (22 mi) west of Kandahar.

Panjwayi borders Helmand Province to the southwest, Maywand District to the west, Zhari District to the north, Arghandab, Kandahar and Daman districts to the east and Reg District to the south. Panjwayi was reduced in size in 2004 when Zhari District was created out of the northern part of it, on the northern side of the Arghandab River, which now forms the northern boundary. The area is irrigated by the Helmand and Arghandab Valley Authority.
Those Who Walk in Darkness
Those Who Walk in Darkness is a novel by John Ridley, published in May 2003.  It details the life of a member of an elite police task force in Los Angeles that hunts down superhumans known as metanormals. It was followed in 2006 by a sequel, What Fire Cannot Burn.

John Ridley
John Ridley IV (born October 1, 1964) is an American screenwriter, television director, novelist, and showrunner, known for 12 Years a Slave, for which he won an Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay. He is also the creator and showrunner of the anthology series American Crime. In 2017 he directed the documentary film Let It Fall: Los Angeles 1982–1992.
River Lerryn
The River Lerryn is a river in east Cornwall, England, UK, a tributary of the River Fowey. The Lerryn is the largest of the tributaries which enter the estuary of the Fowey. The river is tidal up to the village of Lerryn. The landscape of the Lerryn catchment is rural and includes heathland, moorland and rough pasture in the upper reaches and broadleaf, coniferous and mixed plantation woodland in the lower. This catchment includes four SSSIs, including Redlake Meadows & Hoggs Moor. The Lerryn rises at Fairy Cross (Grid ref. SX1262) on the southern slopes of Bodmin Moor and flows south-southwest until it enters the Fowey estuary (Grid ref. SX1255).

The name of the river is Cornish; the earliest record of it is as "Leryan" and "Lerion" in 1289. In modern Cornish its name would be Dowr Leryon, meaning "river of floods". The village of Lerryn is named after the river.

Redlake Meadows & Hoggs Moor
Redlake Meadows & Hoggs Moor is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI), noted for its biological characteristics, in Cornwall, England, UK. Within the SSSI is Redlake Cottage Meadows nature reserve owned by the Cornwall Wildlife Trust.
The Way West (film)
The Way West is a 1967 American Western film directed by Andrew V. McLaglen and starring Kirk Douglas, Robert Mitchum, and Richard Widmark. The supporting cast features Lola Albright, Jack Elam, Sally Field, Katherine Justice, and Stubby Kaye. Ostensibly based on the 1949 Pulitzer Prize-winning novel of the same name by A. B. Guthrie Jr. (1901–1991), the film is a drama about a band of settlers traveling by covered wagon train across the American frontier of the West to the Oregon Country on the Oregon Trail in 1843. It includes on-location cinematography by William H. Clothier. Sam Elliott made his feature film debut as an uncredited Missouri townsman.

Andrew V. McLaglen
Andrew Victor McLaglen (July 28, 1920 – August 30, 2014) was an American film and television director, known for Westerns and adventure films, often starring John Wayne or James Stewart.

According to one obituary "His career in many ways mirrored that of Ted Post, another inexhaustible director of series television and undemanding movies: reliable rather than stylish, both were nimble soldiers of fortune renowned for bringing work in on time and on budget... Like the best journeymen, he took us on some heroic, enjoyable excursions.  "
Charlie & Boots
Charlie & Boots is a 2009 Australian film starring Paul Hogan and Shane Jacobson. It had the best opening weekend for any Australian film in 2009 when it was released on Father's Day (1 September 2009). The film features many small towns in country Australia. It also has a cameo by Reg Evans, who died in the 2009 Victorian bushfires before the film was released, and the film is dedicated to the victims of the fires.

Paul Hogan
Paul Hogan AM (born 8 October 1939) is an Australian actor and comedian. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for his performance as outback adventurer Michael "Crocodile" Dundee in Crocodile Dundee (1986), the first in the Crocodile Dundee film series.
Colorado City, Arizona
Colorado City is a town in Mohave County, Arizona, United States, and is located in a region known as the Arizona Strip. The population was 2,478 at the 2020 census. The Town of Colorado City, Arizona, incorporated in September 1985, was established by residents seeking local self-government and essential services. It is notable as a colony of Mormon polygamists, together with neighboring Hildale, Utah.

Tom Horne
Thomas Charles Horne (born March 28, 1945) is an American politician, attorney, businessman, and activist who has served as the Arizona Superintendent of Public Instruction since 2023 and previously from 2003 to 2011. A member of the Republican Party, he was Attorney General of Arizona from 2011 to 2015. Horne ran for reelection as Attorney General but lost to Mark Brnovich in the 2014 Republican primary.

He returned to the office of Superintendent of Public Instruction in 2023, having been elected to that office in the 2022 election.
Stanley Smith (rugby league, born 1937)
Stanley "Stan" Smith (28 May 1937 – 14 November 2012) was an English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1950s and 1960s. He played at club level for Wakefield Trinity and Bramley, as a wing.

Bramley R.L.F.C.
Bramley RLFC was a rugby league club from the Bramley area of Leeds in West Yorkshire, England, that folded following the 1999 season. The club is a famous name in rugby league, having existed before the formation of the Northern Union in 1895. The traditional nickname for the club was 'the Villagers'.

Following Bramley's demise, a Phoenix club was formed by the fans of the original club with the desire to return to the professional ranks, continuing the Bramley name, traditions and history. However, the RFL denied the new clubs' applications twice. The new club was admitted to National League Three in 2004.
Kinards, South Carolina
Kinards (also Kinard) is an unincorporated community in Laurens and Newberry counties in the U.S. state of South Carolina.  It had a post office that now is closed permanently, with the ZIP Code of 29355.  Kinards was first established as Kinards Turnout when the post office opened February 26, 1856. The population of the ZCTA for ZIP Code 29355 was 801 at the 2000 census.

Newberry County, South Carolina
Newberry County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 37,719. Its county seat is Newberry. The name is of unknown origin, although one theory suggests that it was named by Quaker settlers in honor of their home of Newberry, a suburb of London in the United Kingdom. Newberry County comprises the Newberry, SC micropolitan statistical area.
18th June Road
15°29′47″N 73°49′25″E﻿ / ﻿15.496459°N 73.823586°E﻿ / 15.496459; 73.823586

18th June Road is one of the busiest streets in Panaji, Goa, India.  It is located in the heart of the city, and is a major shopping destination for the tourist folks.  Major businesses and restaurants line the street.  The street is named after the day in 1946 on which Ram Manohar Lohia had called a meeting to put an end to the Portuguese rule in India.

Ram Manohar Lohia
Ram Manohar Lohia (pronunciationⓘ 23 March 1910 – 12 October 1967) was an Indian political activist of the Indian independence movement and a socialist politician. As a nationalist, he worked actively to protest against colonialism, raising awareness of the same. He founded multiple socialist political parties and later won elections to the Lok Sabha.
2002 San Diego City Council election
The 2002 San Diego City Council election occurred on November 5, 2002. The primary election was held on March 5, 2002. Four of the eight seats of the San Diego City Council were contested. Two incumbent council members stood for reelection after having previously been elected to partial terms.

Municipal elections in California are officially non-partisan, although most candidates do identify a party preference. A two-round system was used for the election, starting with a primary in June followed by a runoff in November between the top-two candidates if no candidate received a majority of the votes in the first round.

Three of the council seats filled in this election became vacant prior to the completion of the 2006 term end date. This led to three special elections to choose council members to complete these terms.

Donna Frye
Donna Frye (born January 20, 1952) is an American politician who served as a member of the San Diego City Council from 2001 to 2010, representing District 6. A member of the Democratic Party, she was twice an unsuccessful candidate for mayor of San Diego and was among the first to call on then-San Diego mayor Bob Filner to resign over accusations of sexual harassment and assault.
Gölcük Naval Base
Gölcük Naval Base (Turkish: Gölcük Deniz Ana Üssü) is the main base of the Turkish Navy on the east coast of the Sea of Marmara in Gölcük, Kocaeli. It is the principal base for logistic support with various facilities stretched over 1,800 acres (7.3 km2) of land.

In addition to the workplaces, the base houses apartment-like barracks, social facilities, a military hospital, a military museum and an archive for naval history.

The shipyard at the base is capable of constructing frigates, submarines, fast attack boats and auxiliary vessels with high technology in recognized standards.

Turkish Naval Forces
The Turkish Naval Forces (Turkish: Türk Deniz Kuvvetleri), or Turkish Navy (Turkish: Türk Donanması), is the naval warfare service branch of the Turkish Armed Forces.

The modern naval traditions and customs of the Turkish Navy can be traced back to 10 July 1920, when it was established as the Directorate of Naval Affairs during the Turkish War of Independence led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Since July 1949, the service has been officially known as the Turkish Naval Forces.

In 2008, the Turkish Navy had a reported active personnel strength of 48,600; this figure included an Amphibious Marines Brigade as well as several Special Forces and Commando detachments. As of early 2021, the navy operates a wide variety of ships and 60 maritime aircraft.
Rakrakan Festival
Rakrakan Festival is an annual music and arts festival in the Philippines produced by rock music news website and internet radio station Rakista Radio (formerly Rakista.com). Aiming to be the biggest OPM gathering in the Philippines, the festival consists of more than 120 OPM acts in different genres, particularly from rock, hip hop, and indie among others. Held in every first quarter of the year, Rakrakan Festival entertains its attendees with not only just live music, but also a purely local merchandise bazaar, food stalls, skateboarding exhibitions, live art installations and exhibitions, and more.

Music of the Philippines
The music of the Philippines (Filipino: Musika ng Pilipinas) includes the musical performance arts in the Philippines and the music of Filipinos composed in various local and international genres and styles. Philippine musical compositions are often a mixture of  Indigenous styles, and various Asian styles, as well as Spanish/Latin American and (US) American influences through foreign rule from those countries.
Hoober Observatory
J A Jones Hoober Observatory is a privately owned observatory located in South Yorkshire, England near to the villages of Hoober and Wentworth, 4 miles (6.4 km) North-northwest of Rotherham. It can be found about 300 metres (0.19 mi) east of Hoober Stand. The observatory is owned and operated by Mexborough & Swinton Astronomical Society (NPO).

Wentworth, South Yorkshire
Wentworth is a village and civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham in South Yorkshire, England.

The village is surrounded by the very urbanised areas of Hoyland Nether, Barnsley. In the 2001 Census the parish had a population of 1,223, increasing to 1,478 at the 2011 Census.

Wentworth village lies 6½ miles south of Barnsley town centre, and  9 miles north of Sheffield city centre.

The civil parish includes the village of Harley on the B6090 road to the west of the main settlement.
Cantigas (Lindberg)
Cantigas is an orchestral composition by the Finnish composer Magnus Lindberg.  The work was commissioned by the Cleveland Orchestra and was composed between 1998 and early 1999.  Its world premiere was performed in Cleveland by the Cleveland Orchestra under the direction of Christoph von Dohnányi on April 1, 1999.

Magnus Lindberg
Magnus Gustaf Adolf Lindberg (born 27 June 1958) is a Finnish composer and pianist. He was the New York Philharmonic's composer-in-residence from 2009 to 2012 and the London Philharmonic Orchestra's composer-in-residence from 2014 to 2017.