hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ronin Institute
The Ronin Institute for Independent Scholarship 2.0, commonly called just the RIIS 2.0, is an independent scholarly research institute located in California, United States. The institute conducts dedicated to multidisciplinary study of science and the humanities and supports the work of independent scientists and scholars.

The institute consists of research scholars from a range of fields and disciplines, such as computational economics, high energy physics, earth sciences, medicine, theology, law, history and philosophy. Most of them are independent, while others have hold positions at traditional universities. The institute regularly holds seminars and conferences and manages grants.

Independent scientist
An independent scientist (historically also known as gentleman scientist) is a financially independent scientist who pursues scientific study without direct affiliation to a public institution such as a university or government-run research and development body.

The term "gentleman scientist" arose in post-Renaissance Europe, but became less common in the 20th century as government and private funding increased.

Most independent scientists have at some point in their career been affiliated with some academic institution, such as Charles Darwin, who was affiliated with the Geological Society of London.
Rakowiec, Kwidzyn County
Rakowiec [raˈkɔvjɛt͡s] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kwidzyn, within Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Kwidzyn
Gmina Kwidzyn is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kwidzyn County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Kwidzyn, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 207.25 square kilometres (80.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 10,306.
Pseudoliparis amblystomopsis
Pseudoliparis amblystomopsis, or the hadal snailfish, is a species of snailfish from the hadal zone of the Northwest Pacific Ocean, including the Kuril–Kamchatka and Japan Trenches.

In October 2008, a team from British and Japanese institutes discovered a shoal of Pseudoliparis amblystomopsis at a depth of about 7,700 m (25,300 ft) in the Japan Trench. These were, at the time, the deepest living fish ever recorded on film. The record was surpassed by a type of snailfish filmed at a depth of 8,145 m (26,700 ft) in December 2014, and extended in May 2017 when another snailfish was filmed at a depth of 8,178 m (26,800 ft). This deepest-water so-called ethereal snailfish remains undescribed, but a close relative found only slightly shallower in the Mariana Trench was described as Pseudoliparis swirei in late 2017.

Japan Trench
The Japan Trench is an oceanic trench part of the Pacific Ring of Fire off northeast Japan. It extends from the Kuril Islands to the northern end of the Izu Islands, and is 8,046 metres (26,398 ft) at its deepest. It links the Kuril–Kamchatka Trench to the north and the Izu–Ogasawara Trench to its south with a length of 800 kilometres (497 mi). This trench is created as the oceanic Pacific plate subducts beneath the continental Okhotsk microplate (a microplate formerly a part of the North American plate). The subduction process causes bending of the down going plate, creating a deep trench. Continuing movement on the subduction zone associated with the Japan Trench is one of the main causes of tsunamis and earthquakes in northern Japan, including the megathrust Tōhoku earthquake and resulting tsunami that occurred on 11 March 2011. The rate of subduction associated with the Japan Trench has been recorded at about 7.9–9.2 centimetres (3.1–3.6 in)/yr.
Pierrefitte–Stains station
Pierrefitte–Stains is a station in Pierrefitte-sur-Seine and near to Stains in the northern suburbs of Paris, in Seine-Saint-Denis department. It is situated on the RER D suburban railway line and the T11 Express.

Pierrefitte-sur-Seine
Pierrefitte-sur-Seine (French pronunciation: [pjɛfit syʁ sɛn] ⓘ, lit. 'Pierrefitte on Seine') is a former commune in the Seine-Saint-Denis department and Île-de-France region of France, since 2025 a part of Saint-Denis, following a vote of both municipal councils on 30 May 2024. It forms part of the northern suburbs of Paris, and lies 12.4 km (7.7 mi) from the centre of the French capital.
C/O Sir
C/O Sir ("Care of Sir") is a 2013 Indian Bengali romantic thriller film directed by Kaushik Ganguly and produced by Jaspreet Kaur. The film tells the story of a blind school teacher's life and his struggle to prevent the school from being sold. The lead character is played by Saswata Chatterjee. It went on to Singapore Film Festival 2013.

Raja Narayan Deb
Raja Narayan Deb (Bengali: রাজা নারায়ণ দেব) is an Indian music director, composer working in the Bengali film industry. He is a member of the Shobhabazar Rajbari. He was a member of the Bangla band "Parash Pathar".
1985 AFC U-16 Championship
The 1985 AFC U-16 Championship was the inaugural edition of the AFC U-16 Championship organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), a tournament for Asian under-16 teams that also served as a qualification tournament for the 1985 FIFA U-16 World Championship to be held at China. The tournament was won by Saudi Arabia, who defeated Qatar on penalties. Both teams accompanied the already qualified China to the 1985 FIFA U-16 World Cup.

Saudi Arabia national under-17 football team
Saudi Arabia national under-17 football team (Arabic: المنتخب السعودي لكرة القدم تحت 17 سنة) also known as Saudi Arabia Under-17 or Saudi Arabia junior team, represents Saudi Arabia in international association football competitions in AFC U-17 Championship and FIFA U-17 World Cup, as well as any other under-17 international football tournaments.
Slovakia national under-16 football team
The Slovakia national under-16 football team, controlled by the Slovak Football Association, is Slovakia's national under 16 football team and is considered to be a feeder team for the Slovakia U17 team.

Slovak Football Association
The Slovak Football Association (Slovak: Slovenský futbalový zväz, SFZ) is the governing body of Association football in Slovakia. The association has the responsibility for the control and development of football in Slovakia, and is the body that runs the Slovakia national football, and futsal teams.
Hat Creek, California
Hat Creek is a census designated place (CDP) in Shasta County, California. Hat Creek is situated at an elevation of 3,422 feet (1,043 m). Its population is 266 as of the 2020 census, down from 309 from the 2010 census.

Hat Creek is located 26 miles (42 km) north of Lassen Park, 13 miles (21 km) southeast of Burney (9 miles (14 km) south of the junction of hwy 89 and 299), and 15 miles (24 km) south of Burney Falls. Its zip code is 96040. Wired telephone numbers are from the Burney central office and follow the pattern 530-335-xxxx. Hat Creek is home to the Hat Creek Radio Observatory, run by SETI Institute.

The town's main economies are tourism, fishing, camping, and lodging. It's a travel hot spot in Shasta County, about 70 miles (110 km) east of Redding, California and about the same distance to Susanville, California.

In 2021 the town was threatened by the Dixie Fire.

Hat Creek Radio Observatory
The Hat Creek Radio Observatory (HCRO) is operated by the SETI Institute in the Western United States. The observatory is home to the Allen Telescope Array and one of the three CHIME FRB outriggers, as well a number of other smaller telescopes and instruments.
Benj Manalo
Don Benjamin Manalo (born July 30, 1995), known professionally as Benj Manalo, is a Filipino actor and professional dancer who is best known for his role as Pinggoy in the top-rated prime time series FPJ's Ang Probinsyano. He also appeared in other shows like On the Wings of Love, My Super D and Kadenang Ginto.

He is the second son of comedian and TV host Jose Manalo and estranged wife Anna Lyn Santos, and brother of Sherwin Nicco, an actor  Myki, a medical doctor, Ai, an accounts manager and Colyn, a musician.

In 2018, he celebrated his 3rd anniversary with his girlfriend Bubble Gang comedienne Lovely Abella. He also won the Best Actor trophy at the CentroMedia FilmFest 2018.

In June 2019, he proposed to  Abella. On January 23, 2021, the couple were married at Lemuria Gourmet Restaurant in Quezon City.

My Super D
My Super D is a 2016 Philippine television drama fantasy series broadcast by ABS-CBN. Directed by Frasco Mortiz, Lino S. Cayetano and Claudio Tots Sanchez Mariscal IV, it stars Dominic Ochoa, Marco Masa, Bianca Manalo, Marvin Agustin, Sylvia Sanchez, Nonie Buencamino and Ronaldo Valdez. It aired on the network's Primetime Bida line up and worldwide on TFC from April 18 to July 15, 2016, replacing My Love Donna and Game ng Bayan and was replaced by Minute to Win It: Last Man Standing.

A special weekly marathon of episodes entitled My Super D: Super Marathon was also aired every Saturday nights on Yey! channel from April 23 to July 16, 2016.
The Day of the Locust (film)
The Day of the Locust is a 1975 American satirical historical drama film directed by John Schlesinger. It stars Donald Sutherland, Karen Black, William Atherton, Burgess Meredith, Richard Dysart, John Hillerman, and Geraldine Page.

Set in Hollywood, California, just before World War II, the film conveys the alienation and desperation of a disparate group of people whose dreams of success do not come true. The screenplay by Waldo Salt is based on the 1939 novel of the same title by Nathanael West.

The Day of the Locust garnered scholarly attention for its nightmarish depiction and acerbic commentary of the Hollywood film industry, and critical attention for its visually implicit horror elements.

Nathanael West
Nathanael West (born Nathan Weinstein; October 17, 1903 – December 22, 1940) was an American writer and screenwriter. He is remembered for two darkly satirical novels: Miss Lonelyhearts (1933) and The Day of the Locust (1939), set respectively in the newspaper and Hollywood film industries.
Midnight Sons
The Midnight Sons are a team of supernatural superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Including Blade, Morbius, and the Ghost Riders Danny Ketch and Johnny Blaze, the original team first formed as part of the Rise of the Midnight Sons story arc, culminating in the first full team appearance in Ghost Rider (vol. 3) #31 (cover dated November 1992). Following the success of the crossovers, Marvel branded all stories involving the group with a distinct family imprint and cover treatment; this lasted from December 1993 to August 1994. The team has been revived several times with different characters, but the most frequent members include Morbius, Blade, and at least one Spirit of Vengeance.

Caretaker (comics)
The Caretaker is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. There have been two incarnations of the character.

The Caretaker appeared in the 2007 film Ghost Rider and the Hulu television series Helstrom, portrayed by Sam Elliott and Robert Wisdom respectively.
Toni Mendez
Toni Mendez (November 2, 1908 – March 9, 2003) was an American agent for writers and cartoonists handling negotiations, licensing, and syndication/secondary rights agreements. In addition she became secondary rights representative of all properties for the Field Newspaper Syndicate, the Newspaper Enterprise Association,  and Publishers-Hall Syndicate. Mendez played a key role in the formation of the National Cartoonist Society, and was involved with the now defunct Newspaper Features Council. Among her numerous clients were Milton Caniff, B. Kliban, and Frank Willard. She was involved with negotiating media tie-in deals for television series such as Steve Canyon, Tom Corbett, Space Cadet and All in the Family. Mendez was known for her stylish hats.

Newspaper Enterprise Association
The Newspaper Enterprise Association (NEA) is an editorial column and comic strip newspaper syndication service based in the United States and established in 1902. The oldest syndicate still in operation, the NEA was originally a secondary news service to the Scripps Howard News Service; it later evolved into a general syndicate best known for syndicating the comic strips Alley Oop, Our Boarding House, Freckles and His Friends, The Born Loser, Frank and Ernest, and Captain Easy / Wash Tubbs; in addition to an annual Christmas comic strip. Along with United Feature Syndicate, the NEA was part of United Media from 1978 to 2011, and is now a division of Andrews McMeel Syndication. The NEA once selected college All-America teams, and presented awards in professional football and professional basketball.
Leonard Preyra
Leonard Preyra is a Canadian politician. He represented the riding of Halifax Citadel-Sable Island in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 2006 to 2013. He was a member of the Nova Scotia New Democratic Party.

Halifax Citadel-Sable Island
Halifax Citadel-Sable Island is a provincial electoral district in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, that elects one member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly. Its current Member of the Legislative Assembly is Lisa Lachance of the Nova Scotia New Democratic Party.

The constituency consists of the downtown city centre of Halifax and the residential South End. The regional district's area includes four universities (including Dalhousie University and Saint Mary's University) and four hospitals. The constituency also includes Sable Island. The remaining area of South End, Halifax is 7 km2, and Sable Island is 31 km2.
Palestine Pals
The Palestine Pals were a minor league baseball team that played on-and-off from 1925 to 1940. The team played in the Texas Association (1925–1926), Lone Star League (1927–1929), West Dixie League (1934–1935) and East Texas League (1936–1940). It was affiliated with the St. Louis Browns from 1935 to 1938 and in 1940.

The team won two league championships, in 1926 under the tutelage of Jack Stansbury and Bob Countryman and in 1928 under Walt Alexander. Notable players include major league All-Star Bob Muncrief and veterans Boom-Boom Beck, Jack Knott, Carl Reynolds and Sarge Connally.

It was the last professional team to be based in Palestine.

Bob Countryman
Robert Dee Countryman (October 17, 1895 – November 6, 1964) was an American minor league baseball player and manager and college baseball head coach.

Countryman played in the minor leagues in 1914, from 1916-20 and from 1925-26 for the San Antonio Bronchos (1914), Fort Worth Panthers (1917), Houston Buffaloes (1918), Greenville Spinners (1919–1920), Galveston Pirates (1919), Mount Pleasant Cats (1925) and Palestine Pals (1926). He managed the Cats in 1925 and the Pals in 1926, replacing Jack Stansbury in the latter campaign. He served in World War I.

Countryman was head coach of the Rice Owls baseball team in 1922 and 1923 and the Texas A&M Aggies baseball team in 1928 and 1929. He had a career college coaching record of 28–31–3.

Countryman was born in Navasota, Texas and died in Houston, Texas on November 6, 1964(1964-11-06) (aged 69).
Don't Go 2 Sleep
Don't Go 2 Sleep is a compilation EP by American rappers Makaveli and Daz Dillinger. It has eight tracks. There are two other (bootleg) versions of the EP, but the original has only eight tracks. It was released December 24, 2001, on D.P.G. Recordz. The tracks were recorded at Death Row Records between 1995–96 for Tupac's and Boot Camp Clik's project "One Nation". Later when Daz left Death Row, he stole an unknown amount of Tupac's unreleased masters, some of which can be heard on this EP. The only track left untouched by Daz is "They Don't Give a Fuck About Us", all other tracks were remixed and Daz also added himself onto tracks he originally didn't appear on, despite Dillinger marketing the EP as an original collaboration album.

Daz Dillinger
Delmar Drew Arnaud (born May 25, 1973), known professionally as Daz Dillinger or simply Daz (formerly Dat Nigga Daz), is an American rapper and record producer. As a member of Death Row Records in the early 1990s, he is credited with the label in pioneering West Coast hip hop and gangsta rap for mainstream audiences. Alongside Kurupt, he formed the hip hop duo Tha Dogg Pound in 1992, with whom he has released eight albums.

Arnaud learned production from Dr. Dre; his first major production credit was on Dre's debut solo album, The Chronic (1992). He further produced for his cousin, Snoop Dogg's debut album Doggystyle (1993), as well as Tupac Shakur's All Eyez on Me (1996). His debut studio album, Retaliation, Revenge and Get Back (1998) peaked within the top ten of the Billboard 200 and served as his only project with Death Row before founding his own label, Gangsta Advisory Records in 2000 and co-founding D.P.G. Recordz with Soopafly that same year.
Collingham Bridge railway station
Collingham Bridge railway station was a railway station serving the villages of Collingham and Linton in West Yorkshire, England. The station opened on 1 May 1876, and closed on 6 January 1964. The station's coal yard is now a car park for the River Wharfe with the location for the original station much further to the South West, aligning with the current Linton Road.

Collingham, West Yorkshire
Collingham is a village and civil parish 2 miles (3 km) south-west of Wetherby in West Yorkshire, England. It is in the City of Leeds metropolitan borough. The population of the civil parish as of the 2011 census was 2,991.

It sits in the Harewood ward of Leeds City Council and Wetherby and Easingwold parliamentary constituency.

The River Wharfe runs through the village towards Wetherby, as does the main A58 trans-Pennine road. The A659 passes through the village.  The River Wharfe is dangerous at Collingham due to undercurrents, which are prevalent around Linton Bridge and the former viaduct. Collingham Beck burst its banks in 2007, causing extensive flooding.

The village public house, known as Cromwells, is said to be where Oliver Cromwell spent the night after the Battle of Marston Moor. The clergyman, the Reverend William Mompesson was born there in 1639.
Europe, Europe
Europe, Europe: Forays into a Continent (German: Ach Europa! Wahrnehmungen aus sieben Ländern. Mit Einem Epilog aus dem Jahre 2006) is a 1987 book by the German writer Hans Magnus Enzensberger. It is about the contemporary state of Europe, with chapters about Enzensberger's recent visits to Sweden, Italy, Hungary, Portugal, Poland and Spain. The book ends with a piece of fiction where an American journalist imagines Europe in the 21st century. The book was published in English translation on 19 May 1989.

Hans Magnus Enzensberger
Hans Magnus Enzensberger (11 November 1929 – 24 November 2022) was a German author, poet, translator, and editor. He also wrote under the pseudonyms Andreas Thalmayr, Elisabeth Ambras, Linda Quilt and Giorgio Pellizzi. Enzensberger was regarded as one of the literary founding figures of the Federal Republic of Germany and wrote more than 70 books, with works translated into 40 languages. He was one of the leading authors in Group 47, and influenced the 1968 West German student movement. He was awarded the Georg Büchner Prize and the Pour le Mérite, among many others.
Coup of 1809
The Coup of 1809 (Swedish: Statskuppen 1809), also referred to as the Revolution of 1809 (Swedish: Revolutionen 1809), was a Swedish coup d'état on 13 March of that year by a group of noblemen led by Georg Adlersparre, with support from the Western Army. The coup resulted in the deposition of King Gustav IV Adolf and the introduction of a new Instrument of Government. The coup was provoked by the disastrous Finnish War. The leaders of the coup are known in history collectively as 1809 års män ('Men of 1809').

The coup executors convened a parliament or Riksdag, which met on 1 May, and handed over power to it. The Riksdag declared the king deposed and elected his uncle Charles XIII as the new king. In negotiating the new constitution, Charles XIII and subsequent kings were able to retain some measure of absolute power with the Royal Right of Disposal.

Charles XIII
Charles XIII or Carl XIII (Swedish: Karl XIII; 7 October 1748 – 5 February 1818) was King of Sweden from 1809 and King of Norway from 1814 to his death. He was the second son (and younger brother to King Gustav III) of King Adolf Frederick of Sweden and Louisa Ulrika of Prussia, sister of Frederick the Great.

Though known as King Charles XIII in Sweden, he was actually the seventh Swedish king by that name, as Charles IX (reigned 1604–1611) had adopted his numeral after studying a fictitious history of Sweden. In Norway, he is known as Charles II.
Trams in Sydney
The Sydney tramway network served the inner suburbs of Sydney, Australia, from 1879 until 1961. In its heyday, it was the largest in Australia, the second largest in the Commonwealth of Nations after London, and one of the largest in the world.

The network was heavily used, with about 1,600 cars in service at any one time at its peak during the 1930s. In comparison, there are about 500 trams in Melbourne today.
Patronage peaked in 1945 at 405 million passenger journeys. Its maximum street trackage totalled 291 km (181 miles) in 1923.

A new era of light rail in Sydney began in 1997.

Lane Cove
Lane Cove is a suburb  on the Lower North Shore of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Lane Cove is nine kilometres north-west of the Sydney central business district and is the administrative centre for the local government area of the Lane Cove Council. Lane Cove West and Lane Cove North are separate suburbs.

Lane Cove occupies a peninsula on the northern side of Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour), at the opening of the Lane Cove River. The regional administrative and shopping hub of Chatswood is located three kilometres away, along with Macquarie Park four kilometres away.
Gagetown, Michigan
Gagetown is a village in Tuscola County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, Gagetown had a population of 321. It is located in the northeastern corner of Elmwood Township.

Gagetown is northeast of the Saginaw metropolitan area as well as the city of Caro.

Tuscola County, Michigan
Tuscola County (/ˈtʌs.koʊlə/ TUSS-koh-lə) is a county in the Thumb region of the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the population was 53,323. The county seat is Caro.  The county was created by Michigan Law on April 1, 1840, from land in Sanilac County and attached to Saginaw County for administrative purposes. The Michigan Legislature passed an act on March 2, 1850, that empowered the county residents to organize governmental functions. Tuscola County is one of five counties in the Thumb area. Like the rest of the Thumb, Tuscola County enjoys seasonal tourism from cities like Flint, Detroit and Saginaw.
Thorleif A. Peterson
Thorleif Alfred "Tulley" Peterson (September 9, 1885 – January 9, 1982) was an American farmer and politician.

Peterson was born in the town of Utica, Crawford County, Wisconsin. He was a farmer and was involved with the cheese, creamery, and insurance businesses. Peterson served on the Utica Town Board and was the chairman of the town board. He also served on the Star Valley School Board. Peterson served in the Wisconsin Assembly from 1933 to 1937 and was a Democrat. He was involved in the good roads movement, and in 1935 he introduced an unsuccessful bill to limit road speeds on Wisconsin highways. In 1958, Peterson moved to Viroqua, Wisconsin. He died in Viroqua, Wisconsin.

Utica, Crawford County, Wisconsin
Utica is a town in Crawford County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 674 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated communities of Fairview, Pine Knob, Rising Sun, and Towerville are located within the town.