hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alonzo Sledge
Alonzo Sledge (August 15, 1854 – October 14, 1918) was a preacher and state representative in Texas. He served in the Texas House from 1879 to 1881.

He was a Republican. He lived in Chappell Hill. He was a Baptist. He married and had daughters.

He and other African American legislators who served during or after Reconstruction are listed on a monument that was unveiled in 2010.

Chappell Hill, Texas
Chappell Hill is an unincorporated community in the eastern portion of Washington County, Texas, United States. It is located inside Stephen F. Austin's original colony, and the land is some of the oldest Anglo-settled in the state. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 600 in 2000. It is located within the Greater Houston metropolitan area. It is home to numerous Texas historic sites and is 17 miles Southwest from the Washington on the Brazos State Historic Site.
Semiotics (journal)
Semiotics: Yearbook of the Semiotic Society of America is an annual series that publishes a selection of the peer-reviewed papers presented at the society's annual conference. The content and thematic focus of each volume varies based on the program of the annual meeting.

The Semiotic Society of America is an interdisciplinary professional association that supports the study of signs and sign-systems. In addition to this series the society also publishes The American Journal of Semiotics. All volumes of both publications are available online from the Philosophy Documentation Center.

Semiotic Society of America
The Semiotic Society of America is the major and leading semiotics organization in North America, serving scholars from many disciplines with common interests in semiotics, the study of signs and sign systems. It was founded in 1975. Its official journal is The American Journal of Semiotics. The Society also publishes the proceedings of its annual conferences. Memberships in the society and publication of the journal are managed by the Philosophy Documentation Center.

As its symbol, the Society uses caduceus, the staff of a messenger bearing a message, as a sign of a sign.
Byōdō-ji (Anan, Tokushima)
Byodo-ji (Byodo Temple literally: Equality Temple) (Japanese: 平等寺) is a Koyasan Shingon temple in Anan, Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. Temple # 22 on the Shikoku 88 temple pilgrimage. The main image is of Yakushi Nyorai (Bhaiṣajyaguru: "King of Medicine Master and Lapis Lazuli Light"). It is designated as Anan Muroto Historical Cultural Road.

Anan, Tokushima
Anan (阿南市, Anan-shi) is a city in Tokushima Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 June 2022, the city had an estimated population of 70,285 in 31313 households and a population density of 250 persons per km². The total area of the city is 279.25 square kilometres (107.82 sq mi).
Judith Binney
Dame Judith Mary Caroline Binney DNZM FRSNZ (née Musgrove; 1 July 1940 – 15 February 2011) was a New Zealand historian, writer and emerita professor of history at the University of Auckland. Her work focused on religion in New Zealand, especially the Māori Ringatū religion founded by Te Kooti Arikirangi Te Turuki and continued by Rua Kenana. She also wrote extensively on the history of Ngāi Tūhoe.

Te Kooti
Te Kooti Arikirangi Te Turuki (c. 1832–1893) was a Māori leader and guerrilla fighter who was the founder of the Ringatū religion.

While fighting alongside government forces against the Hauhau in 1865, he was accused of spying. Exiled to the Chatham Islands without trial along with captured Hauhau, he experienced visions and became a religious leader. In 1868 he led the escape of 168 prisoners, seizing the schooner Rifleman and sailing back to the North Island where he began a series of raids. A resultant military reprisal campaign became known as Te Kooti's War. He was pardoned in 1883 but continued to be active in spreading the Ringatū message of peace and reclaiming land from European settlers.
Junge
Junge ("Boy") is a song by German rock band Die Ärzte. It is the sixth track and the first single from their 2007 album Jazz ist anders. It debuted on the radio on 31 August 2007. The song is about teenagers experiencing criticism and rejection and being held responsible for everything.

A Chinese language version of "Junge" was released on the compilation Poptastic Conversation China on 1 August 2008.

Jazz ist anders
Jazz ist anders ("Jazz is different") is the eleventh full-length studio album by German rock band Die Ärzte. It was released on 2 November 2007. The album has a bonus-EP with three songs about the band and a hidden track. This is the first album after Debil that Die Ärzte produced alone. The cover is a reference to the most consumed food during their studio sessions: pizza. The whole packaging looks like a pizza box; the CD itself has a picture of a pizza on it and the bonus EP on their website is accessible using a code printed on paper in the shape of a green pepper. The EP looks like a tomato slice. The album has been criticized for not being as funny as one would expect from Die Ärzte, although it was very warmly received by fans.
Diramore
Diramore (Burmese: ဓီရာမိုရ်; born Maung Maung Zaw Htet; born 4 June 1974) is a Myanmar musician and pro-rector (retired) at the National University of Arts and Culture, Mandalay.

His stage name "Diramore" was given by his father and eldest brother before his debut. The name, meaning "The Wiser One," is a portmanteau of the Pali term for "wise" (dhīra) and the Burmese term for Mount Meru (Mount Myintmo).

Myanmar Motion Picture Academy Awards
The Myanmar Motion Picture Academy Awards are presented annually to honour both artistic and technical excellence of professionals in the Burmese Film Industry of Myanmar. The awards ceremony has been held annually since 1952. Each winner is presented with a golden statue and in recent years also a cash prize.
Deinococcota
Deinococcota (synonym, "Deinococcus-Thermus") is a phylum of bacteria with a single class, Deinococci (from Ancient Greek δεινός (deinós), meaning "terrible", and κόκκος (kókkos), meaning "berry"), that are highly resistant to environmental hazards, also known as extremophiles.

These bacteria have thick cell walls that give them gram-positive stains, but they include a second membrane and so are closer in structure to those of gram-negative bacteria.

Phylum
In biology, a phylum (/ˈfaɪləm/; pl.: phyla) is a level of classification, or taxonomic rank, that is below kingdom and above class. Traditionally, in botany the term division has been used instead of phylum, although the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants accepts the terms as equivalent. Depending on definitions, the animal kingdom Animalia contains about 32 phyla, the plant kingdom Plantae contains about 14 phyla, and the fungus kingdom Fungi contains about eight phyla. Current research in phylogenetics is uncovering the relationships among phyla within larger clades like Ecdysozoa and Embryophyta.
Erik Jacobsen
Erik Jacobsen (born May 19, 1940) is an American record producer, song publisher and artist manager. He is best known for his work in the 1960s with Tim Hardin, the Lovin' Spoonful, the Charlatans, and Sopwith Camel, and later with Norman Greenbaum, Tazmanian Devils and Chris Isaak. Retiring after forty years in the studio, he began working in video production. His first major video project was an auto-biographical webside, All About Erik, launched in 2019. His next, Erik's Travels, features his prize-winning travel documentaries, and was launched in 2024.

Heart Shaped World (Chris Isaak album)
Heart Shaped World is the third album by Chris Isaak. Released in 1989, it became his breakthrough album and featured the Top 10 hit "Wicked Game". It is Isaak's best-selling album, being certified double platinum by the RIAA.
Welsh Italians
Welsh Italians (Italian: italo-gallesi; Welsh: Cymry Eidalaidd) are Welsh who are fully or partially of Italian descent, whose ancestors were Italians who emigrated to Wales during the Italian diaspora, or Italian-born people in Wales. Most Italian immigration to Wales took place in the 19th and early 20th centuries, with the largest number of migrants settling in Glamorgan and Newport.

Bardi, Emilia-Romagna
Bardi (Emilian: Bàrdi) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Parma in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 130 kilometres (81 mi) west of Bologna and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southwest of Parma, in the upper Ceno valley at the confluence of the rivers Ceno and Noveglia. It is dominated by the imposing Landi Castle built over a spur of red jasper.

Bardi borders the following municipalities: Bedonia, Bore, Borgo Val di Taro, Compiano, Farini, Ferriere, Morfasso, Valmozzola, Varsi.
Getty-Dubay Italic
Getty-Dubay Italic is a modern  teaching script for handwriting based on Latin script, developed in 1976 in Portland, Oregon, by Barbara Getty and Inga Dubay with the aim of allowing learners to make an easier transition from print writing to cursive.

Cursive
Cursive (also known as joined-up writing) is any style of penmanship in which characters are written joined in a flowing manner, generally for the purpose of making writing faster, in contrast to block letters. It varies in functionality and modern-day usage across languages and regions, being used both publicly in artistic and formal documents as well as in private communication. Formal cursive is generally joined, but casual cursive is a combination of joins and pen lifts. The writing style can be further divided as "looped", "italic", or "connected".

The cursive method is used with many alphabets due to infrequent pen lifting which allows increased writing speed. However, more elaborate or ornamental calligraphic styles of writing can be slower to reproduce. In some alphabets, many or all letters in a word are connected, sometimes making a word one single complex stroke.
2011 Winton 300
The 2011 Winton 300 was a motor race for the Australian sedan-based V8 Supercars racing cars. It was the fifth event of the 2011 International V8 Supercars Championship. It was held on the weekend of May 20 to 22 at the Winton Motor Raceway near Benalla, Victoria.

The event hosted races 10 and 11 of the 2011 season. A 40 lap, 120-kilometre race was held on Saturday while a 67 lap, 200-kilometre race was held on Sunday. Both races were preceded by a 20-minute qualifying session to decide the grid.

Jamie Whincup continued his strong start to the season with a win and a second place. Jason Bright took his second win in as many events by taking out the second race. Steven Johnson recorded his first podium finish for the year, only narrowly beaten to second place in the Saturday race by Lee Holdsworth. Whincup increased his championship lead to 262 points.

Jason Bright
Jason Paul Bright (born 7 March 1973) is a retired Australian racing driver who competed in the Virgin Australia Supercars Championship. He drove the No. 56 Ford FG X Falcon for Britek Motorsport, a satellite team of Prodrive Racing Australia, before retiring from full-time racing at the end of the 2017 season.
Egremont, Mississippi
Egremont is an unincorporated community in Sharkey County, Mississippi, United States.  A variant name for the community is "Baconia".

Egremont is located on U.S. Route 61, 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Rolling Fork.

Sharkey County, Mississippi
Sharkey County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. Part of the eastern border is formed by the Yazoo River. According to the 2020 census, the population was 3,800, making it the second-least populous county in Mississippi, after Issaquena County. Its county seat is Rolling Fork. The county is named after William L. Sharkey, the provisional Governor of Mississippi in 1865.

Sharkey County is located in the Mississippi Delta region.
Iglesia de la Purísima Concepción (Santa María Xoxoteco)
The Iglesia de la Purísima Concepción ("Church of the Immaculate Conception'") is a church located in Santa María Xoxoteco, some 2.5 km (1.6 mi) east of San Agustín Metzquititlán, Hidalgo, Mexico. The church is noted for its 16th century Xoxoteco murals, which are considered unique in Latin America.

San Agustín Metzquititlán
San Agustín Metzquititlán is a town and one of the 84 municipalities of Hidalgo, in central-eastern Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 313.5 km2 (121.0 sq mi).

The town stands on Federal Highway 105, which connects Pachuca, Hidalgo, to Tempoal de Sánchez, Veracruz.

As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 8,558.
Monomial group
In mathematics, in the area of algebra studying the character theory of finite groups, an M-group or monomial group is a finite group whose complex irreducible characters are all monomial, that is, induced from characters of degree 1.

In this section only finite groups are considered.  A monomial group is solvable. Every supersolvable group and every solvable A-group is a monomial group.  Factor groups of monomial groups are monomial, but subgroups need not be, since every finite solvable group can be embedded in a monomial group.

The symmetric group  is an example of a monomial group that is neither supersolvable nor an A-group. The special linear group  is the smallest finite group that is not monomial: since the abelianization of this group has order three, its irreducible characters of degree two are not monomial.

Induced representation
In group theory, the induced representation is a representation of a group, G, which is constructed using a known representation of a subgroup H. Given a representation of H, the induced representation is, in a sense, the "most general" representation of G that extends the given one. Since it is often easier to find representations of the smaller group H than of G, the operation of forming induced representations is an important tool to construct new representations.

Induced representations were initially defined by Frobenius, for linear representations of finite groups. The idea is by no means limited to the case of finite groups, but the theory in that case is particularly well-behaved.
Execution of Oleksandr Matsievskyi
Oleksandr Ihorovych Matsievskyi (Ukrainian: Олександр Ігорович Мацієвський, pronounced [olekˈsɑndr ˈiɦorowɪtʃ mɐts⁽ʲ⁾iˈjɛu̯sʲkɪj]; 10 May 1980 – 30 December 2022) was a Moldovan-born Ukrainian Ground Forces member and captive executed by Russian soldiers during the Battle of Bakhmut in the Russian invasion of Ukraine in late December 2022. The video of the execution circulated online around 6 March 2023, showing a soldier without weapons, smoking a cigarette, saying "Slava Ukraini" and then being shot with automatic weapons from multiple sides. The 30th Mechanized Brigade initially named Tymofii Shadura as the victim and a video of the shooting was shared on social media. Later reports suggested Matsievskyi as a credible alternative identification, which was subsequently confirmed by the Ukrainian government.

Nizhyn
Nizhyn (Ukrainian: Ніжин, pronounced [ˈn⁽ʲ⁾iʒɪn] ⓘ; Russian: Нежин, romanized: Nezhin) is a city located in Chernihiv Oblast of northern Ukraine along the Oster River. The city is located 116 km (72 mi) north-east of the national capital Kyiv. Nizhyn serves as the administrative center of Nizhyn Raion. It hosts the administration of Nizhyn urban hromada which is one of the hromadas of Ukraine and was once a major city of the Chernigov Governorate. Nizhyn has a population of 65,830 (2022 estimate).
Vitamin D (song)
"Vitamin D" is a song by American rapper Ludacris featuring American singer Ty Dolla $ign. It was released March 31, 2017 as the planned lead single from Ludacris's then-upcoming tenth studio album, set for release in 2018. The track was produced by Da Internz, Miykal Snoddy and GMF.

The song contains a sample of "Thong Song" by Sisqó.

Da Internz
Da Internz are an American music production team originating from Chicago and currently based in Los Angeles. The duo is composed of Marcos "Kosine" Palacios and Ernest Tuo Clark. Da Internz describe their sound as "gourmet ratchet", meaning imperfect but excellent.
Cambrai, South Australia
Cambrai is a small town located on the eastern side of the Mount Lofty Ranges, along the River Marne. Originally named Rhine Villa, it was one of many Australian towns renamed during World War I to remove any connection with German place names and named after the Battle of Cambrai.

It was located on the Sedan railway line. It served as the terminus of the line from 1964 until the 1980s.

The bounded locality of Cambrai includes the former unbounded locality of Rheinthal, which was approximately 3 km north of the town of Cambrai. It had a Lutheran church and school. The school was closed from 1916 (when all German schools were closed) until 1935, and closed permanently from 1955. It also includes the Marne Valley Conservation Park and the locality of Kongolia (previously Rhine Park) to the east of the town.

Mount Lofty Ranges
The Mount Lofty Ranges are a range of mountains in the Australian state of South Australia which for a small part of its length borders the east of Adelaide. The part of the range in the vicinity of Adelaide is called the Adelaide Hills and defines the eastern border of the Adelaide Plains.
Wilhelm Neurath
Wilhelm Neurath (Austrian German: [ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈnɔʏraːt] ⓘ; 31 May 1840 – 9 March 1901) was an Austrian political economist of the late nineteenth century. He was professor of economics at the University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences in Vienna.

He was the father of Otto Neurath.

University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna
The University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, or simply BOKU (German: Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Austrian German: [univɛrsiˈtɛːt fyːɐ̯ ˈboːdn̩kʊlˌtuːɐ̯ ˈviːn] ⓘ), is a public university in Vienna, Austria.

There are currently 10,941 students from over 100 countries enrolled at BOKU.
2014 Aegon Trophy – Women's singles
Petra Martić was the defending champion, having won the event in 2013, but chose not to compete in 2014.

Monica Puig, Christina McHale, Urszula Radwańska and Tadeja Majerič withdrew from the tournament, giving places to all four of the losing players from the final round of qualifying.

Kristýna Plíšková won the title, defeating Zarina Diyas in the final, 6–2, 3–6, 6–4.

Zarina Diyas
Zarina Diyas (Kazakh: Зарина Диас; Russian: Зари́на Ди́яс; born 18 October 1993) is a Kazakh professional tennis player. She has reached a career-high of world No. 31 in the singles rankings by the WTA. Diyas has won one singles title on the WTA Tour, at the Japan Open, along with 12 singles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit.

Diyas mostly played on the ITF Circuit until 2014, her breakthrough season. Having started the year outside the top 150, she progressed into the top 40 by September, allowing her to enter tournaments on the WTA Tour more consistently, although she still plays ITF tournaments. She is one of the most successful female tennis players representing Kazakhstan, along with Elena Rybakina and Yulia Putintseva.

Diyas became a member of the Kazakhstan Fed Cup team in 2011 and has played for 10 years, second only to Yulia Putintseva.
Samuel Cutts
Samuel Cutts (December 8, 1726 – May 29, 1801) was an American merchant and politician.

Cutts was the son of Richard and Eunice (Curtis) Cutts of Portsmouth, New Hampshire, where he was born in 1726.  His entire life was passed in his native town where he became a prosperous merchant, a representative to the New Hampshire General Court and a member of the New Hampshire Provincial Congress.  He was married at Cambridge, Massachusetts, December 8, 1762 to Anne Holyoke (1735-1812).  He died at Portsmouth, May 29, 1801.

In 1774, he met with Paul Revere and helped coordinate with local patriots for the raid on Fort William and Mary.

Capture of Fort William and Mary
The capture of Fort William and Mary took place in Portsmouth, New Hampshire on December 14, 1774, when local Patriots led by John Langdon stormed Fort William and Mary guarding the mouth of the busy seaport. They overcame a six-man caretaker detachment and seized the garrison's powder, which was distributed through several towns in the colony for potential use in the looming conflict with Great Britain. On December 15, 1774, patriots led by John Sullivan again raided the fort, this time seizing numerous cannons, later used in the pivotal Battle of Bunker Hill.

The incident is significant as one of the first overt acts of the American Revolutionary War and the only battle to take place in the state of New Hampshire.
Christina Watches–Dana
Christina Watches–Dana was a Danish professional cycling team based in Herning that competed on the UCI Continental Circuits. The captain of the team was Michael Rasmussen, who won the climbers jersey at the 2005 and 2006 Tour de France, until he ended his career in early 2013.

Christina Watches was owned by the Danish watch designer Christina Hembo, who bought the Danish UCI continental team Stenca–M1 in December 2010.

On 9 October 2014 Cyclingnews.com reported that the team will fold after the 2014 season as the team owners have chosen to sponsor a handball team. 0711 / Cycling now exists.

0711 Cycling
0711 / Cycling was a national team founded in 2013 and based in Germany. It participated in UCI Continental Circuits races. In January 2016, it was announced that the team had agreed a one-year sponsorship deal with Christina Jewelry & Watches, who had previously owned the Christina Watches–Dana squad. In 2017, the team changed names to reflect the area code where the team's headquarters are. 2017 was the final year at UCI Continental level for the team. The team raced one year at Amateur level before disbanding.
Peronospora arborescens
Peronospora arborescens is a plant pathogen. It causes downy mildew on leaves of Papaver spp. It has economic importance on Papaver somniferum grown as an oilseed crop, for example in central and eastern Europe. It is controlled by sanitation, crop rotation, use of clean seed and fungicide sprays of the foliage.

There are other species of Peronospora which occur on Papaver: Peronospora argemones (Gäum.), Peronospora cristata (Tranzschel), and Peronospora papaveris-pilosi (Vienn.-Bourg.).

Papaver somniferum
Papaver somniferum, commonly known as the opium poppy or breadseed poppy, is a species of flowering plant in the family Papaveraceae. It is the species of plant from which both opium and poppy seeds are derived and is also a valuable ornamental plant grown in gardens. Its native range is the western Mediterranean region, but has since been obscured by widespread introduction and cultivation since ancient times to the present day. It is now naturalised across much of the world with temperate climates.
Deborah Dugan
Deborah Dugan is an American executive who was the first female president and CEO of the Recording Academy, which presents the Grammy Awards, in 2019 and 2020. She served as the president of Disney Publishing Worldwide from 2002 to 2006, having been at the company a total eight years, and CEO of Entertainment Rights North America from 2007 to 2009, and CEO of (RED) from 2011 to 2019. In April 2022, she became CEO of diabetes nonprofit Beyond Type 1.

She has contributed to the Huffington Post and Forbes.com and appeared on Mad Money with Jim Cramer, PBS News Hour, and NPR's All Things Considered, among other outlets. Dugan has been the co-chair of the storytelling nonprofit the Moth since 2008.

The Recording Academy
National Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences, Inc. (NARAS), doing business as the Recording Academy, is an American learned academy of musicians, producers, recording engineers, and other musical professionals. It is widely known for its Grammy Awards, which recognize achievements in the music industry of songs and music that are popular worldwide. The Recording Academy is a founding partner of the Grammy Museum, a non-profit organization whose stated mission is preserving and educating about music history and significance. The Recording Academy also founded MusiCares, a charity with the stated goal of impacting the health and welfare of the music community. The Recording Academy's advocacy team lobbies for music creators' rights at the local, state, and federal levels.