hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Henryk Iwański
Henryk Iwański (1902–1978), nom de guerre Bystry, was a member of the Polish resistance during World War II. He is known for leading one of the most daring actions of the Armia Krajowa (Home Army) in support of the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising, however later research cast doubts on the veracity of his claims. For his assistance to the Polish Jews Iwański was bestowed the title of the Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem in Jerusalem in 1964.

Polish resistance movement in World War II
In Poland, the resistance movement during World War II was led by the Home Army. The Polish resistance is notable among others for disrupting German supply lines to the Eastern Front (damaging or destroying 1/8 of all rail transports), and providing intelligence reports to the British intelligence agencies (providing 43% of all reports from occupied Europe). It was a part of the Polish Underground State.
In Search of Sunrise 12: Dubai
In Search of Sunrise 12: Dubai is a compilation album by Dutch trance producer Richard Durand in collaboration with Lange. It was released on June 2, 2014 by SongBird. It is the twelfth installment in the In Search of Sunrise compilation series.

Richard Durand
Richard van Schooneveld (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈritɕɑrt fɑn ˈsxoːnəvɛlt]; born 5 April 1976), better known as Richard Durand (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈritɕɑr dyˈrɑnt]), is a Dutch disc jockey and record producer.
Miki Sumiyoshi
Miki Sumiyoshi (住吉美紀, Sumiyoshi Miki, born 1973) is a freelance Japanese announcer. She worked for the public broadcaster NHK. Miki was born in Kawasaki, and moved with her family to Seattle, Washington in the United States. She returned to Japan while in elementary school, and completed junior high school in Kobe. She then moved to Vancouver in Canada, graduating from high school, and again to Japan, where she attended and graduated from International Christian University.

In 1996, she joined NHK. Her career has taken her to positions in Fukushima, Sendai, and Tokyo, where she now works.

Miki regularly appeared in three regular television programs, and in a fourth, which is broadcast occasionally. She has done music, news, information, nature and other genres.

She hosted the radio broadcast of the 55th NHK Kōhaku Uta Gassen, NHK's annual New Year's Eve spectacular, and was selected to co-host the 58th NHK Kōhaku Uta Gassen.

58th NHK Kōhaku Uta Gassen
The 58th NHK Kōhaku Uta Gassen (第58回NHK紅白歌合戦), referred to from here on as "Kōhaku," aired on December 31, 2007, on NHK Hall in Japan.

The music show on New Year's Eve is broadcast on both television and radio, and divides the most popular music artists of the year into competing teams of red and white.  Air time was from 19:20 to 23:45 (with an interruption from 21:25 to 21:30 for news). All times are JST.
Midfield, Texas
Midfield is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Matagorda County, Texas, United States. Midfield has a post office, with the ZIP code 77458. The population as of 2022 is 408 residents.

It is also part of the Tidehaven Independent School District. The designated community college for Tidehaven ISD is Wharton County Junior College.

Matagorda County, Texas
Matagorda County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 36,255. Its county seat is Bay City, not to be confused with the larger Baytown in Harris and Chambers Counties. Matagorda County is named for the canebrakes that once grew along the coast (matagorda is a Spanish word meaning "thick bush").

Matagorda County comprises the Bay City, TX micropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Houston-The Woodlands, TX combined statistical area.
International Socialist Workers and Trade Union Congress, London 1896
The  International Socialist Workers and Trade Union Congress held in London from July 26 to August 1, 1896 was the fourth congress of the Second International. The congress has been described as "the  most agitated, the most tumultuous, and the most chaotic of all the congresses of the Second International" because of the many factional disputes between and within the national delegations.

The congress was the only one of the Second International to have its proceedings published in English.  The chairman was Henry Hyndman.

Henry Hyndman
Henry Mayers Hyndman (/ˈhaɪndmən/; 7 March 1842 – 22 November 1921) was an English writer, politician and socialist.

Originally a conservative, he was converted to socialism by Karl Marx's Communist Manifesto and launched Britain's first socialist political party, the Democratic Federation, later known as the Social Democratic Federation, in 1881.

Although this body attracted radicals such as William Morris and George Lansbury, Hyndman was generally disliked as an authoritarian who could not unite his party. Nonetheless, Hyndman was the first author to popularise Marx's works in English.
Aden (band)
Aden was an American band which was influenced by 1970s soft rock such as Steely Dan (from whom they borrowed the title of their albums Hey 19 and Black Cow). It comprises Jeff Gramm (the son of former U.S. Senator and presidential candidate Phil Gramm), Fred Kovey and Josh Klein.

Phil Gramm
William Philip Gramm (born July 8, 1942) is an American economist and politician who represented Texas in both chambers of Congress. Though he began his political career as a Democrat, Gramm switched to the Republican Party in 1983. Gramm was an unsuccessful candidate in the 1996 Republican Party presidential primaries against eventual nominee Bob Dole.
Clarksville, Nova Scotia
Clarksville is an unincorporated community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located in East Hants Municipality in Hants County.

Prior to the construction of the Midland Railway between Truro and Windsor, the area presently known as Clarksville was known as "Stanley". When the railway was completed, a station was constructed both at present-day Stanley and this community, and a new name was determined to be necessary. The community was named  "Clarksville" after the Clark family, whose store had been a regular stopping place for railway officials during its construction.

Midland Railway (Canada)
Midland Railway was a Nova Scotian railway company formed in 1896 to build a railway through Hants County, Nova Scotia, connecting Truro to Windsor. Completed in 1901, it operated independently until 1905 when it became part of the Dominion Atlantic Railway and later the Canadian Pacific Railway, until the line closed in 1983.
Pehla Nasha
Pehla Nasha (transl. First intoxication [as in love]) is a 1993 Indian Hindi-language thriller film and the directorial debut film of Ashutosh Gowariker. The film is a remake of Brian de Palma's 1984 thriller Body Double. It stars Deepak Tijori, Pooja Bhatt, Raveena Tandon. The film also has cameo appearances by Aamir Khan, Sudesh Berry, Rahul Roy, Shah Rukh Khan, Juhi Chawla, and Saif Ali Khan as themselves.

It remains the only film to have Aamir Khan, Shah Rukh Khan, and Saif Ali Khan in a scene together along with Rahul Roy and Sudesh Berry. Upon release, the film received negative reviews and failed at the box office.

Ashutosh Gowariker
Ashutosh Gowariker (born 15 February 1964) is an Indian film director, actor, screenwriter and producer who works in Indian Hindi cinema. He is known for directing films "set on a huge canvas while boasting of an opulent treatment".

He is best known for helming the epic musical sports drama Lagaan (2001), the social drama Swades (2004) and the epic historical romantic drama Jodhaa Akbar (2008), winning the Filmfare Award for Best Film and Best Director for Lagaan and Jodhaa Akbar.

Lagaan was nominated for the Academy Award for Best International Feature Film at the 74th Academy Awards, which makes him a voting member of the Academy Awards. He returned to acting by playing the lead role in the critically acclaimed comedy drama Ventilator (2016).
Bedari
Bedari is a Pakistani Urdu-language black-and-white film released in 1956.

The film was premiered at Regent cinema, Lahore. It was the first film of Ratan Kumar in Pakistan, after he moved from India with his family. Bedari was commercially successful primarily due to its songs.

Bedari was a plagiarized version of Ratan Kumar's Indian film Jagriti (1954), with replacement of some words, and music was taken directly from Jagriti as well. Upon its release in 1956, it grossed well in its first few weeks. However, on the discovery of plagiarism by the cinemagoers, there was a mass uproar that caused public demonstrations against the exhibition of the film. The Censor Board of Pakistan immediately put a ban on the film.

Jagriti
Jagriti (transl. The Awakening) is a 1954 Indian Hindi-language film directed by Satyen Bose. A remake of Bose's 1949 Bengali film Paribartan, the film stars Rajkumar Gupta, Abhi Bhattacharya, and Ratan Kumar in the lead roles. The film won the Filmfare Award for Best Film at the 3rd Filmfare Awards in 1956. Bhattacharya received the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actor for his outstanding performance in Jagriti at the same ceremony. Jagriti still considered one of the best children-centric films of India.

The film was screened retrospectively on 14 August 2016 at the Independence Day Film Festival jointly presented by the Indian Directorate of Film Festivals and Ministry of Defense, commemorating the 70th Indian Independence Day.
Rosalía de Castro
María Rosalía Rita de Castro (Galician pronunciation: [rosaˈli.ɐ ðɪ ˈkastɾʊ]; 23 February 1837 – 15 July 1885), was a Galician poet and novelist, considered one of the most important figures of the 19th-century Spanish literature and modern lyricism. Widely regarded as the greatest Galician cultural icon, she was a leading figure in the emergence of the literary Galician language. Through her work, she projected multiple emotions, including the yearning for the celebration of Galician identity and culture, and female empowerment. She is credited with challenging the traditional female writer archetype.

Culture of Galicia
The culture of Galicia encompasses the customs, practices, artistic expressions, and social norms associated with the Galician people of northwestern Spain. It is characterized by a distinct language (Galician), a rich tradition of music featuring the gaita (bagpipe), and a cultural heritage with historical connections to Celtic traditions. Mythology and folklore are significant parts of Galician culture, featuring figures such as Breogán, the legendary founder; the Mouros, associated with ancient sites; and the meigas, or witches. Important traditions include Entroido, the Galician equivalent of Carnival; and the numerous local "festas" or festivals, often centered around religious or agricultural cycles. Galicia also has a distinctive cuisine, architecture (including the characteristic "hórreos" or granaries), and a strong sense of regional identity.
Torrisi (restaurant)
Torrisi is an Italian restaurant located in the Puck Building in New York City in the neighborhood of Nolita opened by Major Food Group nearby their old first restaurant Torrisi Italian Specialties. Established in December 2022, the business was included in The New York Times's 2023 list of the 50 best restaurants in the United States. The restaurant was ranked 10th on the New York Times list of the best NYC restaurants in 2024, going up 23 places from the prior year and received a Michelin Star in 2023.

Major Food Group
Major Food Group (MFG) is a restaurant and hospitality company associated with fine dining. The company was founded by Mario Carbone, Rich Torrisi, and later developed by partner Jeff Zalaznick. The company grew beyond New York City to international locations, partnering with both brands and hotels.
Tantallon, Saskatchewan
Tantallon (2016 population: 91) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Spy Hill No. 152 and Census Division No. 5. It is in the Qu'Appelle Valley along the Qu'Appelle River about 39 km east of Round Lake (Saskatchewan). The community celebrated its centennial in 2004.

The community was founded in 1904 and takes its name from a homestead (which was named "Tantallon" by Scottish Canadian James Moffat Douglas (former Canadian MP and Senator), who said this part of the Qu'Appelle Valley reminded him of Tantallon Castle in Scotland.

The village has an ice rink and a senior's centre. The community's school closed due to a lack of students, who are now bused to Esterhazy.

James Moffat Douglas
James Moffat Douglas (May 26, 1839 – August 19, 1920) was a farmer, missionary and politician from western Canada.  He served as MP for a district in the NWT from 1896 to 1904 and as Canadian Senator from 1906 to 1920.
Kaufman-Straus
Kaufman-Straus was a local department store that operated in Louisville, Kentucky, from 1879 to 1969. In 1879, local retail clerk Henry Kaufman opened the first store on Jefferson between 7th and 8th. Four years later, Benjamin Straus entered into partnership with Kaufman. In 1887, the Kaufman-Straus store moved to South 4th Street in space leased from the Polytechnic Society of Kentucky. The new flagship store opened in 1903, at 533-49 South 4th Street, designed by local architect Mason Maury.  In 1924, Kaufman-Straus was acquired by City Stores Company and the following year the flagship store underwent extensive renovations.  City Stores rebranded the company as Kaufman's in 1960. It operated two stores in suburban Louisville at The Mall and Dixie Manor. In 1969, Kaufman's was acquired by L. S. Ayres, and the downtown Louisville store was subsequently closed in 1971.

The flagship store was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.  It is a six-story building.

Mason Maury
Johnson Mason Maury (May 1, 1847 – January 2, 1919) was an American architect and inventor who designed and built over 700 residential and commercial structures, mostly in Louisville, Kentucky where he pioneered Richardsonian Romanesque and Prairie School architecture in Kentucky. Maury is mostly known for his works on The Kenyon Building and The Kaufman-Strauss building. Maury attended Male High School. After graduation, Maury moved to Boston where he studied architecture for two years under architect H.H. Richardson who had designed the Grace Episcopal Church during the time of Maury's stay. Maury returned to Louisville and worked under Episcopal Church Architect William H. Redin for six years. Maury was also a founding member of The Kentucky Association of Architects, in which he served as Second Vice President, as well as President of the Louisville Chapter of the American Institute of Architecture.
Celebdaq
Celebdaq was an online "celebrity stock exchange" game on the BBC's website. The game had its own television show on BBC Three. The television show was presented by Paddy O'Connell and Libby Potter until comedian Jenny Eclair became the presenter.

Players were given the opportunity to buy and sell shares in celebrities using £10,000 of virtual cash. As in real-life stock markets, the trading of shares caused each celebrity's share price to fluctuate, allowing profits to be realised. Weekly dividends were paid on shares owned based upon how much press coverage the celebrity received in a number of daily newspapers and magazines. There was also a version specifically concentrating on sportspeople, called Sportdaq.

Paddy O'Connell
Guy Patrick O'Connell is an English television and radio presenter. He presents BBC Radio 4's Broadcasting House programme and Newsnight. He is also an occasional presenter of the PM programme. O'Connell is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Arts.
Sergio Martino
Sergio Martino (born 19 July 1938) is an Italian film director and producer, notable for his contributions to the giallo genre.

Martino is the brother of the late producer Luciano Martino (who died in 2013). They collaborated frequently in their respective professions. Their grandfather was director Gennaro Righelli.

Sergio Martino worked for both the big screen as well as for Italian television, where he does most of his current work. He often worked with actress Edwige Fenech, who throughout the 1970s was married to his brother Luciano. He also worked with many genre actors such as George Hilton (who was married to Sergio's cousin), Anita Strindberg, Ivan Rassimov and Claudio Cassinelli, as well as famed Italian screenwriter Ernesto Gastaldi.

Martino's pseudonyms include Julian Barry, Martin Dolman, Serge Martin, Christian Plummer, and George Raminto.

Ivan Rassimov
Ivan Đerasimović (Serbian Cyrillic: Иван Ђерасимовић; 7 May 1938 – 14 March 2003), known professionally as Ivan Rassimov, was an Italian actor of Serb descent who appeared in many horror and exploitation films. he is the brother of Rada Rassimov.
Norman Harris (musician)
Norman Ray Harris (October 14, 1947 – March 20, 1987) was an American guitarist, producer, music arranger and songwriter, closely associated with Philly soul. He was a founding member of MFSB, the Philadelphia studio band, and one of the Baker-Harris-Young record production trio.

The Trammps
The Trammps are an American disco and soul band, who were based in Philadelphia and were one of the first disco bands.

The band's first major success was their 1972 cover version of "Zing! Went the Strings of My Heart", while the first disco track they released was "Love Epidemic" in 1973. However, they are best known for their song "Disco Inferno" which was included on the Grammy-winning Saturday Night Fever soundtrack. When originally released in 1976, "Disco Inferno" became a UK pop hit and US R&B and Dance hit topping the Dance chart for 6 weeks in early 1977. After inclusion on the Saturday Night Fever soundtrack, the song was re-released in 1978 and became a US pop hit peaking at number 11.
Dixmier–Ng theorem
In functional analysis, the Dixmier–Ng theorem is a characterization of when a normed space is in fact a dual Banach space. It was proven by Kung-fu Ng, who called it a variant of a theorem proven earlier by Jacques Dixmier.

Dixmier-Ng theorem. Let  be a normed space. The following are equivalent:

There exists a Hausdorff locally convex topology  on  so that the closed unit ball, , of  is -compact.

There exists a Banach space  so that  is isometrically isomorphic to the dual of .

That 2. implies 1. is an application of the Banach–Alaoglu theorem, setting  to the Weak-* topology. That 1. implies 2. is an application of the Bipolar theorem.

Jacques Dixmier
Jacques Dixmier (born 24 May 1924) is a French mathematician. He worked on operator algebras, especially C*-algebras, and wrote several of the standard reference books on them, and introduced the Dixmier trace and the Dixmier mapping.
People's Dispensary for Sick Animals
The People's Dispensary for Sick Animals (PDSA) is a British veterinary charity that provides free veterinary services, carrying out over one million consultations annually. It was founded in 1917 by Maria Dickin to care for sick and injured animals belonging to people on low incomes. Until 2009, the PDSA was the largest private employer of fully qualified veterinary surgeons and veterinary nurses in the United Kingdom. Access to the charity's services is restricted to those living within its designated catchment areas.

Princess Alexandra (born 1936)
Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy (Alexandra Helen Elizabeth Olga Christabel; born 25 December 1936), is a member of the British royal family. She is the only daughter of Prince George, Duke of Kent, and Princess Marina of Greece and Denmark, the only living granddaughter of George V, a niece of Edward VIII and George VI, and a first cousin of Elizabeth II. Alexandra's mother was also a first cousin of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, consort of Elizabeth II, making her both a second cousin and first cousin once removed of Charles III.

Alexandra was married to the businessman Sir Angus Ogilvy from 1963 until his death in 2004. At the time of her birth, she was sixth in the line of succession to the British throne; as of 2026, she is 58th.
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold'
Ulmus 'Sapporo Autumn Gold' is one of the most commercially successful hybrid elm cultivars ever marketed, widely planted across North America and western Europe, although it has now been largely supplanted by more recent introductions. Arising from a chance crossing of the Japanese elm (female parent) and Siberian elm, seed was sent in 1958 by Prof. Nobuku Takahashi and his colleagues at the Sapporo Botanical Garden of Hokkaido University, Sapporo, to Eugene Smalley at the University of Wisconsin–Madison. The patent issued in 1975 has expired, and there are now no propagation restrictions. However, the tree has proven weak-wooded on maturity, and its popularity has waned in Europe as a consequence of susceptibility to wind damage.

Eugene Byron Smalley
Professor Eugene Byron Smalley (1926–2002) was an American plant pathologist. Smalley joined the University of Wisconsin-Madison in 1957 with the specific aim of finding a way to control Dutch elm disease  Assembling seeds from around the northern hemisphere, Smalley developed resistant strains of elms which were patented and released to commerce, notably 'Sapporo Autumn Gold', and 'New Horizon'.
Arvaikheer Airport
Arvaikheer Airport (IATA: AVK, ICAO: ZMAH) is a public airport located in Arvaikheer, the capital of Övörkhangai Province in Mongolia. The official name in accordance with Mongolian AIP is UVURKHANGAI/Arvaikheer (Aug 2022).

Övörkhangai Province
Övörkhangai (Mongolian: Өвөрхангай; lit. "South Khangai") is one of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia. Its capital is Arvaikheer.

The Shankh Monastery, one of the oldest and most important monasteries, is located in this province, as well as Erdene Zuu monastery and Tövkhön Monastery. Karakorum, the ancient capital of the Mongol Empire, was located adjacent to the Erdene Zuu monastery.
1986 Grand National
The 1986 Grand National (officially known as the Seagram Grand National for sponsorship reasons) was the 140th running of the Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree Racecourse near Liverpool, England, on 5 April 1986.

The race was won by nine-year-old 15/2 second favourite West Tip, ridden by jockey Richard Dunwoody. in a time of 9 minutes, 33 seconds for a prize of £57,254. The winner was owned by Mr Peter Luff and trained in Droitwich, Worcestershire by Michael Oliver.

Richard Dunwoody
Thomas Richard Dunwoody MBE (born 18 January 1964) is a retired British National Hunt jockey. He was a three-time British Champion Jockey. He was the only jockey of his generation to win the Grand National, Cheltenham Gold Cup and Champion Hurdle.
Tomahawk Lake (Wisconsin)
Tomahawk Lake is a lake in Oneida County, Wisconsin, United States. The lake covers an area of 3,392 acres (1,373 ha) and has a maximum depth of 84 feet (26 m). The community of Lake Tomahawk is located on the eastern edge of the lake. Tomahawk Lake was so named from the fact its outline resembles a tomahawk.

Tomahawk Lake is the source of the Tomahawk River.  Historically, Tomahawk Lake was part of a travel route for traders and Indians who portaged to and from the Wisconsin River at the east end of the lake.

Lake Tomahawk (CDP), Wisconsin
Lake Tomahawk is an unincorporated census-designated place located in the town of Lake Tomahawk, Oneida County, Wisconsin, United States. Lake Tomahawk is located on Wisconsin Highway 47, 15 miles (24 km) northwest of Rhinelander. Lake Tomahawk has a post office with ZIP code 54539. As of the 2020 census, its population was 246, up from 228 at the 2010 census.