hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John M. Thome
John Macon Thome (August 22, 1843 – September 27, 1908) was an American-Argentine astronomer.  Some sources say John Macom Thome. He is sometimes known as Juan M. Thome.

He was born in Palmyra, Pennsylvania, and attended Lehigh University.

He came to the Argentine National Observatory (today Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba) in 1870, working as the senior assistant of the director Benjamin A. Gould.  He succeeded Gould as director in 1885.

Under his initiative, the Cordoba Durchmusterung star catalogue began to be compiled in 1892, although he did not live to see its completion.

He won the Lalande Prize for astronomy from the French Academy of Sciences in 1901.  Thome died in Córdoba and was succeeded as director of the observatory by Charles Dillon Perrine.

Star catalogue
A star catalogue is an astronomical catalogue that lists stars. In astronomy, many stars are referred to simply by catalogue numbers. There are a great many different star catalogues which have been produced for different purposes over the years, and this article covers only some of the more frequently quoted ones. Star catalogues were compiled by many different ancient people, including the Babylonians, Greeks, Chinese, Persians, and Arabs. They were sometimes accompanied by a star chart for illustration. Most modern catalogues are available in electronic format and can be freely downloaded from space agencies' data centres. The largest is being compiled from the spacecraft Gaia and thus far has over a billion stars.

Completeness and accuracy are described by the faintest limiting magnitude V (largest number) and the accuracy of the positions.
Johnstone Richardson
Johnstone "Jock" Richardson (2 April 1899 – 28 October 1994) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A loose forward, Richardson represented Otago and Southland at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, from 1921 to 1925.  He played 42 matches for the All Blacks, 16 of them as captain, including seven internationals.

Following the death of Wiremu Heke in 1989, Richardson was the oldest living All Black.

Rugby Southland
Rugby Southland (formerly the Southland Rugby Football Union) is the provincial rugby union who govern the Southland region of New Zealand. Their headquarters are at Rugby Park Stadium in Invercargill, which is also the home ground of the union's professional team, the Southland Stags who compete in the Mitre 10 Cup Championship Division and challenge for the Ranfurly Shield.

Despite their proud history, no Southland team has ever won the top division of the New Zealand National Provincial Championship since organised competition began in 1976. However, they have won the NPC second division title five times and held the Ranfurly Shield eight times, most recently in 2025 when they beat Waikato 25-10. Southland also plays for the Donald Stuart Memorial Shield against rivals Otago in what is the longest tenured provincial rivalry in New Zealand first-class rugby with close to 250 matches.
WOO Forever
WOO Forever is the second mixtape by American drill artist Rah Swish. The mixtape was released on June 26, 2020, by Empire and WOO Entertainment. The mixtape features guest appearances from Curly Savv, Jay Gwuapo and an uncredited appearance from Pop Smoke.

Rah Swish
Rahlique Devawn Wilks (born December 4, 1997), known professionally as Rah Swish, is an American rapper born and raised in Canarsie, Brooklyn. He is known for the hit single "Brush Em" with Pop Smoke which peaked number 1 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Billboard chart 2021.
Glen, Montana
Glen is a census-designated place in Beaverhead County, Montana, United States. Glen has a post office with a ZIP code of 59732.

Glen started out in 1878 as Willis Station, named for Ozias Willis, the first postmaster. The name was shortened to Willis, then became Reichle, and finally became Glen in about 1950.

Glen lies on U.S. Route 91, south of Melrose and north of Dillon. The Big Hole River runs past the east side of the town. Built in 1915, Browne's Bridge near town is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and provides a fishing access area. The river is renowned as a fly fishing destination. Brownes Lake is also nearby and provides a boat ramp and camping.

Beaverhead County, Montana
Beaverhead County is the largest county by area in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 9,371. Its county seat is Dillon. The county was founded in 1865.

Much of the perimeter of the county is the Continental Divide, including its entire border with the state of Idaho. The divide heads east into Montana at the county border with Ravalli County, between Lost Trail Pass and Chief Joseph Pass.
Electric (Lisa Scott-Lee song)
"Electric" is the third single to be released by former Steps member Lisa Scott-Lee. The song was released on 10 October 2005 via Concept Records. It was written by songwriter Guy Chambers with former a1 member Ben Adams, and produced by Richard Flack.

Lisa Scott-Lee
Lisa Scott-Lee (born 5 November 1975) is a Welsh singer from St Asaph, Wales. She is a member of the pop group Steps, formed in 1997.  Scott-Lee signed a record deal with Mercury Records and launched a solo career in 2003, achieving only minor success after the release of debut single "Lately". She was dropped after her second solo single. She released her debut solo album Never or Now in 2007 through Concept Records.
Ooh-Wakka-Doo-Wakka-Day
"Ooh-Wakka-Doo-Wakka-Day" is a 1972 song by Gilbert O'Sullivan. The song became a top ten hit in the UK, peaking at #8 on the UK Singles Chart, spending a total of 11 weeks on the chart.  It was also the first of three (consecutive) #1s on the Irish Singles Chart for O'Sullivan. The song reached #3 on the New Zealand Listener charts

The song was never released on a studio album, but in 2012 it was added to a remastered version of Back to Front.

In 2013, a single-purpose version of the song which featured 300 people singing a reworded version of the song whilst going about their daily lives was used for an advert for the National Lottery.

Gilbert O'Sullivan
Raymond Edward O'Sullivan (born 1 December 1946), known professionally as Gilbert O'Sullivan, is an Irish singer-songwriter who achieved his most significant success during the early 1970s with hits including "Alone Again (Naturally)", "Clair" and "Get Down". His songs are often marked by his distinctive percussive piano playing style and observational lyrics using word play.

Born in Waterford, Ireland, O'Sullivan settled in Swindon, England, as a child. In 1967, he began pursuing a career in music. Worldwide, he has charted 16 top 40 records, including six No. 1 songs, the first of which was 1970's "Nothing Rhymed". Across his career, he has recorded 19 studio albums. The music magazine Record Mirror voted O'Sullivan the top UK male singer of 1972. He has received three Ivor Novello Awards, including "Songwriter of the Year" in 1973, and received praise from fellow musicians Nina Simone, Paul Weller, Gary Barlow, and Tim Burgess.
Belgian Labour Party
The Belgian Labour Party (Dutch: Belgische Werkliedenpartij [ˈbɛlɣisə ˈʋɛrklidə(m)pɑrˌtɛi], BWP; French: Parti ouvrier belge [paʁti uvʁije bɛlʒ], POB) was the first major socialist party in Belgium. Founded in 1885, the party achieved its first electoral breakthrough in the aftermath of World War I. It was officially disbanded after the German invasion of Belgium in 1940 and superseded by the Belgian Socialist Party in 1945.

Edward Anseele
Edward Anseele (26 July 1856 – 18 February 1938) was a Belgian socialist politician. Edward Anseele became active in the early Belgian socialist movement. Anseele attended the Royal Athenaeum in Ghent until the age of 17.
Torbjörn Caspersson
Torbjörn Oskar Caspersson (15 October 1910 – 7 December 1997) was a Swedish cytologist and geneticist.  He was born in Motala and attended the Stockholm University, where he studied medicine and biophysics.

Motala
Motala (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈmûːˌtɑːla] ⓘ) is a locality and the seat of Motala Municipality, Östergötland County, Sweden with a municipal population of 43,717 inhabitants in 2024. It is the third largest city of Östergötland, following Linköping and Norrköping. Motala is situated on the eastern shore of Lake Vättern and is regarded as the main centre of both the Göta Canal and the surrounding lake region.
Linea alba (cheek)
In dentistry, the linea alba (from Latin 'white line') is a horizontal streak on the buccal mucosa (inner surface of the cheek), level with the occlusion (biting plane). It usually extends from the commissure to the posterior teeth, and can extend to the inner lip mucosa and corners of the mouth.

The linea alba is a common finding and most likely associated with pressure, frictional irritation, or sucking trauma from the facial surfaces of the teeth. It may be mistaken for a lesion requiring treatment and may be found in individuals who chew tobacco.

Oral mucosa
The oral mucosa is the mucous membrane lining the inside of the mouth. It comprises stratified squamous epithelium, termed "oral epithelium", and an underlying connective tissue termed lamina propria. The oral cavity has sometimes been described as a mirror that reflects the health of the individual. Changes indicative of disease are seen as alterations in the oral mucosa lining the mouth, which can reveal systemic conditions, such as diabetes or vitamin deficiency, or the local effects of chronic tobacco or alcohol use.
The oral mucosa tends to heal faster and with less scar formation compared to the skin. The underlying mechanism remains unknown, but research suggests that extracellular vesicles might be involved.
Fellowship of Saint Alban and Saint Sergius
The Fellowship of Saint Alban and Saint Sergius is a Christian ecumenical society founded in 1928 to foster contact between Christians, especially those of the Anglican and Orthodox traditions. It is named in honour of Saint Alban, the Christian protomartyr of Britain, and Saint Sergius of Radonezh, a patron saint of Russia. It publishes the periodical Sobornost and arranges an annual conference. Its headquarters are currently at Oxford in Britain, and it has branches elsewhere in Britain and in Bulgaria, Denmark, Greece, Romania, Russia and Sweden. There have also been sporadic activities in Canada and the United States.

In 2025, the society is based in Oxford, England.

Nicholas Zernov and his wife Militza wrote The Fellowship of St Alban and St Sergius: a Historical Memoir in 1979 to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the fellowship.

Militsa Zyornova
Militsa Vladimirovna Zyornova, née Lavrova (17 August 1899, Tbilisi – 3 February 1994, Oxford) was a Doctor of Medicine, dentist, religious figure, icon painter, author, and wife of the philosopher and theologian Nikolay Zyornov. She was in charge of the house of St. Basil in London and St. Gregory of Nyssa at Oxford.
Matan Cohen
Matan Cohen (Hebrew: מתן כהן; born 8 February 1982) is an Israeli guitarist best known for his work with groove metal band Betzefer and the recently reunited melodic death metal band Nail Within. He is also a frequent collaborator of comedy punk rock act Bo La'Bar featuring his Nail Within co-members Evil Haim, and Useless ID members Ishay Berger and Jonathan Harpak.

New Hate
New Hate is the second EP by Israeli groove metal band Betzefer, released in 2003. It was mixed by ex-Eternal Gray guitarist Eyal Glotman and recorded in his studio, with mastering by Maor Appelbaum.

This was the band's last unsigned release, as their next release was already on the Roadrunner Records label.
1928 Chachapoyas earthquake
The 1928 Chachapoyas earthquake occurred on May 14 at 17:14 local time. It had a magnitude of Mw 7.2, Ms 7.3, or ML 7.3. Chachapoyas, Peru was almost completely destroyed. A landslide in Pinpincos caused the death of 25 people. Many houses were damaged in Machala, Ecuador. The maximum intensity was X (Extreme) on the Mercalli intensity scale. The earthquake could be felt in Lima. It could also be felt in Ecuador, Brazil, and Colombia.

Chachapoyas, Peru
Chachapoyas (Spanish pronunciation: [tʃa.tʃaˈpo.ʝas]) is a city in northern Peru at an elevation of 2,335 meters (7,661 ft). The city has a population of 32,026 people (2017). Situated in the mountains far from the Peruvian coast, Chachapoyas remains fairly isolated from other regions of Peru. It is served by buses to Chiclayo and Cajamarca, and flights to domestic locations from Chachapoyas Airport.

The city of Chachapoyas is the capital of the Amazonas Region. It was founded on September 5, 1538, by the Spanish conquistador Alonso de Alvarado "and his twenty". Local agriculture includes sugar cane, orchid and coffee growing. Chachapoyas' transitional location between the arid Cordillera Occidental and Cordillera Central and the rainy, rainforested Cordillera Oriental, allow it to receive generally moderate annual precipitation without experiencing the copiously excessive, tropical-rainforest-like precipitation amounts in towns farther east such as Moyobamba.
Silke Launert
Silke Launert (born 27 December 1976) is a German judge and politician of the Christian Social Union (CSU) who has been serving as a member of the Bundestag from the state of Bavaria since 2013, representing Bayreuth.

In addition to her work in parliament, Launert has been serving as a Parliamentary State Secretary at the Federal Ministry of Research in the government of Chancellor Friedrich Merz since 2025.

Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space
The Federal Ministry of Research, Technology and Space (German: Bundesministerium für Forschung, Technologie und Raumfahrt; abbreviated BMFTR) is a cabinet-level ministry of Germany. It is headquartered in Bonn, with an office in Berlin. The Ministry provides funding for research projects and institutions.

The ministry has been headed by Dorothee Bär since 6 May 2025.
Gobelins Manufactory
The Gobelins Manufactory (French: Manufacture des Gobelins) is a historic tapestry factory in Paris, France. It is located at 42 avenue des Gobelins, near Les Gobelins métro station in the 13th arrondissement of Paris. It was originally  established on the site as a medieval dyeing business by the family Gobelin.

Charles Le Brun
Charles Le Brun (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁl lə bʁœ̃]; baptised 24 February 1619 – 12 February 1690) was a French painter, physiognomist, art theorist, and a director of several art schools of his time. He served as a court painter to Louis XIV, who declared him "the greatest French artist of all time". Le Brun was a dominant figure in 17th-century French art and was influenced by Nicolas Poussin.
Mount Koubru
Mount Koubru also known as Mount Koupalu is one of the highest mountains in Manipur, India and the abode of the god Lainingthou Koubru and the goddess Kounu in Manipuri mythology. Saparmeina town lies below the peak. It is located in the Kangpokpi district of Manipur and is one of the most visited pilgrimage sites in Manipur.

The mountain is noted for mountain hiking as well as mountain climbing.

Kangpokpi district
Kangpokpi district (Meitei pronunciation: /kāng-pōk-pī/) is one of the 16 districts in the Indian state of Manipur. It was created in December 2016 from areas in the Sadar Hills region which were previously part of Senapati District.

The district headquarters is located in Kangpokpi. The district was formed from three sub-divisions of Senapati District: Sadar Hills West, Sadar Hills East and Saitu–Gamphazol.
Cole Hauser
Cole Kenneth Hauser (born March 22, 1975) is an American actor. He is known for film roles in Higher Learning, School Ties, Dazed and Confused, Good Will Hunting, Pitch Black, Tigerland, Hart's War, Tears of the Sun, The Family that Preys, 2 Fast 2 Furious, The Cave, The Break-Up, A Good Day to Die Hard, Olympus Has Fallen, and Transcendence. He was nominated for the Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Male for his performance in Tigerland.

On television, he starred as Officer Randy Willitz on the police crime drama series High Incident, Ethan Kelly on the police drama Rogue and Rip Wheeler on the Paramount Network western drama series Yellowstone.

High Incident
High Incident is a police drama television series produced by DreamWorks Television for the ABC network. The show was created by Steven Spielberg, Michael Pavone, Eric Bogosian, and Dave Alan Johnson. It aired from March 4, 1996, to May 8, 1997, running a total of 32 episodes.
Zionism in the Age of the Dictators
Zionism in the Age of the Dictators is a 1983 work by the American free-lance journalist and author Lenni Brenner arguing that Zionist leaders collaborated with fascism, particularly in Nazi Germany, in order to build up a Jewish presence in Palestine.

Zionism in the Age of the Dictators is one of two works by Brenner on the alleged collaboration between Zionism and Nazism. Brenner returns to this topic in his 2002 work 51 Documents: Zionist Collaboration with the Nazis.

The author is Jewish, a Trotskyist, and an outspoken pro-Palestinian activist.

Lenni Brenner
Lenni Brenner (born 1937), formerly known as Leonard Glaser or Lenny Glaser,  is an American Trotskyist writer. In the 1960s, Brenner was a prominent civil rights movement activist and vocal opponent of the Vietnam War. Since the 1980s, his activism has focused on anti-Zionism. He has published widely on the history of Zionism, in particular asserting that the movement collaborated with the Nazis.
Freeport Area School District
Freeport Area School District (FASD) is a school in Pennsylvania, United States, headquartered in Sarver, Pennsylvania.

FASD lies along the banks of the Allegheny River and is on the mouth of Buffalo Creek.  It is located about 25–30 miles north of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.   The community is a mix of Pittsburgh suburbia and rural areas.

The district's mascot is the Yellowjackets.

Armstrong County, Pennsylvania
Armstrong County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,558. The county seat is Kittanning. The county was organized on March 12, 1800, from parts of Allegheny, Westmoreland and Lycoming Counties. It was named in honor of John Armstrong, who represented Pennsylvania in the Continental Congress and served as a major general during the Revolutionary War. The county is part of the Greater Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth.
Magnet Records
Magnet Records was a British record label, started in 1973 by Michael Levy and Peter Shelley. It was acquired by Warner Bros. Records in 1988 for an estimated £10m.

Artists on the label included Alvin Stardust, Stevenson's Rocket, Matchbox, Adrian Baker, Silver Convention, Guys 'n' Dolls, Darts, Kissing the Pink, Bad Manners, David D'Or, Blue Zoo and Chris Rea, who all achieved success during the 1970s and 1980s. Successful 1990s band D:Ream were signed to a later incarnation of the label.

Music management expert Kim Glover began her music career working for Michael Levy in the radio promotions department, and eventually ended up as Head of TV and Radio for Magnet, creating campaigns for all the artists signed to the label. Pete Waterman also worked for the label during the mid-1970s, as his first break in the recording business.

The unrelated British reggae label Magnet Records was started in 1971 by R. A. Coke, and was based in Stoke Newington, North London.

Darts (band)
Darts is a nine-piece British doo-wop revival band that achieved chart success in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The London-based band had a number of UK top 20 hits including three successive number twos with revivals of early US rock and roll, R&B and original songs. The band had three singles peak at number two on the UK charts in 1978, "Come Back My Love", "The Boy from New York City" and "It's Raining", all but the latter being covers of 1950s doo-wop songs.
Politics of Guatemala
Politics of Guatemala takes place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic, where by the President of Guatemala is both head of state, head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Congress of the Republic. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. Guatemala is a Constitutional Republic.

Guatemala's 1985 Constitution provides for a separation of powers among the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of government.

Historically, Guatemala was characterized by civil war and frequent coups. Modern Guatemalan politics are still strongly affected by the Guatemalan Civil War (1960–1996). From the late 1990s to the mid-2010s, Guatemalan democracy improved, as greater civilian control of the military was achieved and anti-corruption measures were adopted. Since 2017, there has been democratic backsliding in Guatemala.

Constitution of Guatemala
The Constitution of Guatemala is the supreme law of the Republic of Guatemala. It sets the bases for the organization of Guatemalan government and it outlines the three main branches of Guatemalan government: executive branch, legislative branch, and judicial branch.
Heide Hackmann
Heide Hackmann is the  Interim Director of the Future Africa Institute and Strategic Advisor on Transdisciplinary and Global Knowledge Networks at the University of Pretoria in South Africa. Formerly, she served as the CEO of the International Science Council, an international organization of national and international science councils.

International Science Council
The International Science Council (ISC) is an international non-governmental organization that unites scientific bodies at various levels across the social and natural sciences. The ISC was formed with its inaugural general assembly on 4 July 2018 by the merger of the former International Council for Science (ICSU) and the International Social Science Council (ISSC), making it one of the largest organisations of this type.

Daya Reddy, mathematician, served (2018–2021) as the ISC's inaugural President. Sir Peter Gluckman, pediatrician, biomedical scientist, and science-policy expert, was elected President in October 2021. Other ISC's inaugural Officers elected for the term of 2018–2021 were Elisa Reis (Vice President), Jinghai Li (Vice President), Renée van Kessel (Treasurer), and Alik Ismail-Zadeh (Secretary). Until February 2022, Heide Hackmann served as the Council's CEO. In 2023, Salvatore Aricò was elected Chief Executive Officer.
Caesar's Rhine bridges
The first two bridges on record to cross the Rhine river were built by Julius Caesar and his legionaries during the Gallic War in 55 BC and 53 BC. Strategically successful, they are also considered masterpieces of military engineering.

Neuwied
Neuwied (German pronunciation: [nɔʏˈviːt] ⓘ, lit. 'New Wied') is a town in the north of the German state of Rhineland-Palatinate, capital of the District of Neuwied. Neuwied lies on the east bank of the Rhine, 12 km northwest of Koblenz, on the railway from Frankfurt am Main to Cologne. The town has 13 suburban administrative districts: Heimbach-Weis, Gladbach, Engers, Oberbieber, Niederbieber, Torney, Segendorf, Altwied, Block, Irlich, Feldkirchen, Heddesdorf and Rodenbach. The largest is Heimbach-Weis, with approximately 8000 inhabitants.