hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Close vowel
A close vowel, also known as a high vowel (in U.S. terminology), is any in a class of vowel sounds used in many spoken languages. The defining characteristic of a close vowel is that the tongue is positioned approximately as close as possible to the roof of the mouth as it can be without creating a constriction. A constriction would produce a sound that would be classified as a consonant.

The term "close" /ˈkloʊs/ is recommended by the International Phonetic Association. Close vowels are often referred to as "high" vowels, as in the Americanist phonetic tradition, because the tongue is positioned high in the mouth during articulation.

In the context of the phonology of any particular language, a high vowel can be any vowel that is more close than a mid vowel. That is, close-mid vowels, near-close vowels, and close vowels can all be considered high vowels.

Vowel
A vowel (/ˈvaʊ.əl/) is a speech sound pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract. Vowels are one of the two principal classes of speech sounds, the other being the consonant. Vowels vary in quality, loudness, and length. They are usually voiced and are closely involved in prosodic variation such as tone, intonation and stress. The nucleus, or "center", of a syllable typically consists of a vowel sound (though this is not always the case).

The word vowel comes from the Latin word vocalis, meaning "vocal" (i.e. relating to the voice). 
In English, the word vowel is commonly used to refer both to vowel sounds and to the written symbols that represent them: ⟨a⟩, ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, ⟨o⟩, ⟨u⟩, and sometimes ⟨y⟩, and ⟨w⟩.
Casey James
Casey Everett James (born May 31, 1982) is an American singer and guitarist who was the third-place finalist on the ninth season of American Idol and is an independent recording artist. He released his eponymous album in March 2012 from which three singles, "Let's Don't Call It a Night", "Crying on a Suitcase", and "The Good Life" were released. In October 2014, James released "Fall Apart" as the first single from a planned second studio album, but Sony opted not to release the record and they split ways. In 2017, James released his second album, Strip It Down, to critical acclaim.

Crying on a Suitcase
"Crying on a Suitcase" is a song written by Neil Thrasher, Tom Shapiro and Lee Thomas Miller, and recorded by American country music artist Casey James. It was released in June 2012 as the second single from James' self-titled debut album.
Great Bridge South railway station
Great Bridge South railway station was a stop on a link between the South Staffordshire and the Birmingham Snow Hill-Wolverhampton Low Level lines. It served the village of Great Bridge and town of Tipton, in Staffordshire, England.

Great Bridge, West Midlands
Great Bridge is a historic village and district of Tipton in the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell in the metropolitan county of the West Midlands, England. It is situated near the towns of Dudley, West Bromwich and Wednesbury.
Paul Lebeau
Paul Marie Alfred Lebeau (19 December 1868 – 18 November 1959) was a French chemist. He studied at the elite École supérieure de physique et de chimie industrielles de la ville de Paris (ESPCI). Together with his doctoral advisor Henri Moissan he was working on fluorine chemistry discovering several new compounds, like bromine trifluoride, oxygen difluoride, selenium tetrafluoride and sulfur hexafluoride.

In 1899, he was able to obtain pure beryllium by electrolysis  sodium fluoroberyllate (Na2[BeF2]).

In World War I, he improved the gas mask design used by the French army.

Bromine trifluoride
Bromine trifluoride is an interhalogen compound with the formula BrF3. At room temperature, it is a straw-coloured liquid with a pungent odor which decomposes violently on contact with water and organic compounds. It is a powerful fluorinating agent and an ionizing inorganic solvent. It is used to produce uranium hexafluoride (UF6) in the processing and reprocessing of nuclear fuel.
Lake George (New South Wales)
Lake George (or Weereewa or Ngungara in the Ngunnawal language) is an endorheic lake in south-eastern New South Wales, Australia. It is approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) north-east of Canberra located adjacent to the Federal Highway en route to Canberra and Sydney. Lake George is also the name of a locality on the western and southern edges of the lake, within the area of the Queanbeyan–Palerang Regional Council.

Endorheic basin
An endorheic basin (/ˌɛndoʊˈriː.ɪk/ EN-doh-REE-ik; also endoreic basin and endorreic basin) is a drainage basin that normally retains water and allows no outflow to other external bodies of water (such as rivers and oceans). Instead, the water drainage flows into permanent and seasonal lakes and swamps that equilibrate through evaporation. Endorheic basins are also called closed basins, terminal basins, and internal drainage systems.

Endorheic regions contrast with open lakes (exorheic regions), where surface waters eventually drain into the ocean. In general, water basins with subsurface outflows that lead to the ocean are not considered endorheic; but cryptorheic. Endorheic basins constitute local base levels, defining a limit of the erosion and deposition processes of nearby areas. Endorheic water bodies include the Caspian Sea, which is the world's largest inland body of water.
Laura Kelly
Laura Jeanne Kelly (born January 24, 1950) is an American politician serving since 2019 as the 48th governor of Kansas. A member of the Democratic Party, she represented the 18th district in the Kansas Senate from 2005 to 2019. Kelly was elected governor in 2018 and reelected in 2022.

Kansas Democratic Party
The Kansas Democratic Party is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the state of Kansas and one of two major parties in the state, alongside the Republicans. The chair of the party is Jeanna Repass.

The party currently controls the state's governorship and lieutenant governorship, as well as one seat in the state's U.S. House delegation. It is currently in the minority in both houses of the state legislature.
SRT (train)
The SRT is a high-speed rail service in South Korea operated by SR Corporation. The service starts at Suseo station in southeast Seoul and terminates at either Busan station or Mokpo station.

Around 86% of the train service runs 50 meters underground between Suseo and Cheonan-Asan stations. Dongtan station, the first station after departing from Suseo, is the first underground high-speed railway station in Korea. The SRT runs the Seoul–Busan route 8 minutes faster than KTX as it travels exclusively on dedicated Suseo–Pyeongtaek, Gyeongbu and Honam HSR lines. The Suseo-Pyeongtaek HSR line was built exclusively for this service.

SR Corporation
SR Corporation (Korean: 에스알, formerly Suseo High Speed Rail Corporation), also known as Supreme Railways, is a South Korean rail operator that operates high-speed rail services.

The company was established in December 2013 and adopted its current name in June 2014. In December 2016, SR Corporation officially launched its SRT (Super Rapid Train) services on an open-access basis. By January 2021, the company's services called at 17 stations, three of which it managed directly. The merger of SR Corporation and the national passenger operator Korail has been repeatedly mooted and fallen through; presently the company remains an independent competitor to the incumbent's KTX services. Recent initiatives have included the greater use of local component production and the in-housing of rolling stock maintenance.
Left Column (theater troupe)
The Left Column (German: Kolonne Links) was an agitprop theater troupe during the 1920s and 1930s. The troupe worked in support of the Workers International Relief (WIR). During the Nazi era, some of the group went into exile in the Soviet Union, where some of the members were arrested by the Soviet secret police in the Great Purge and in connection with the Hitler Youth Conspiracy.

Hans Klering
Hans Karl Klering (8 November 1906 – 30 October 1988) was a German actor, director, voice actor, graphic designer and author. He joined the Communist Party and went into exile in the Soviet Union in 1931, returning to Germany in 1945. In 1946, he became a co-founder of DEFA, the East German state-owned film studio, as well as one of its directors and board members.
Ghosalegad Fort
Ghosalegad Fort is located 8  km south of the Roha town on Roha-Bhalgaon-Murud road. This fort is in form of a narrow strip 20mt in width. This fort has a small hill with a narrow spur guarded by fortification. This fort served to keep watch on the enemy and the trade route from Maval to the sea ports around

Roha
Roha (English:  /ˈroʊə/) is a town and subdistrict/upazila/tehsil in the Raigad district of Maharashtra state in India, 120 km southeast of Mumbai, between the banks of the Kundalika River and the hills of Kalasgiri. It has a population of over 20,849. Roha is connected to Mumbai by Panvel-Roha railway line. Roha is off of the Mumbai Goa Highway, via the Kolad road.
Chris Abutu Garuba
Chris Abutu Garuba was Governor of Bauchi State, Nigeria from August 1985 to December 1988 during the military regime of Major General Ibrahim Babangida.
He was born in Ipole, Otukpa Ogbadibo Local Government Area of Benue State.

Ogbadibo
Ogbadibo is a Local Government Area of Benue State, North Central, Nigeria. It has three districts namely: Orokam, Owukpa, and Otukpa.  The Local Government's headquarters is located in Otukpa Town.

It has an area of 598 km2 and a population of 128,707 as at the 2006 census.
Exit 67
Exit 67 (French: Sortie 67) is a 2010 French-Canadian (Quebec) film written and directed by Jephté Bastien.

The film was shot in French, English and Creole language and is set around Montreal's street gangs. In an interview with Montreal's La Presse columnist Rima Elkouri, director Jephté Bastien states that the death of his 16 years old nephew inspired him to make the film.

The film had its world premiere at the 2010 edition of Montreal's Fantasia Festival. It was named the winner of the Claude Jutra Award for the best feature film by a first-time film director, at the 31st Genie Awards.

Jephté Bastien
Jephté Bastien is a Canadian film director. His debut film, Sortie 67, won the Claude Jutra Award for best feature film by a first-time film director at the 31st Genie Awards in 2011.

Born in Haiti, Bastien is based in Montreal.
Robert Almgren
Robert F. Almgren is an applied mathematician, academic, and businessman focused on market microstructure and order execution. He is the son of Princeton mathematician Frederick J. Almgren, Jr.  With Neil Chriss, he wrote the seminal paper "Optimal Execution of Portfolio Transactions," which Institutional Investor said "helped lay the groundwork for arrival-price algorithms being developed on Wall Street." In 2008 with Christian Hauff, he cofounded Quantitative Brokers (QB), a financial technology company providing agency algorithmic execution in futures and interest rate markets. He is currently chief scientist at QB and a professor of the Practice in Operations Research and Financial Engineering at Princeton University.

Market microstructure
Market microstructure is a branch of finance concerned with the details of how exchange occurs in markets. While the theory of market microstructure applies to the exchange of real or financial assets, more evidence is available on the microstructure in the financial field due to the availability of transactions data from them. The major thrust of market microstructure research examines the ways in which the working processes of a market affect determinants of transaction costs, prices, quotes, volume, and trading behavior. In the twenty-first century, innovations have allowed an expansion into the study of the impact of market microstructure on the incidence of market abuse, such as insider trading, market manipulation and broker-client conflict.
Wroników
Wroników [vrɔˈnikuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rozprza, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) west of Rozprza, 14 km (9 mi) south-west of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 55 km (34 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Rozprza
Gmina Rozprza is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rozprza, which lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) south of Piotrków Trybunalski and 55 km (34 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 162.5 square kilometres (62.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 12,039.
Annette Kurschus
Annette Kurschus (born 14 February 1963 in Rotenburg an der Fulda) is a German Protestant theologian and pastor. She was Praeses (or in German Präses) of the Protestant Church of Westphalia from 2012 until 2023, in November 2015 she became Vice-President of the Council of the Protestant Church in Germany (EKD – Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland). She was President of the Council of the EKD from 2021 until 2023.

Rotenburg an der Fulda
Rotenburg an der Fulda (German pronunciation: [ˈʁoːtn̩bʊʁk ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈfʊlda], lit. 'Rotenburg on the Fulda'; officially Rotenburg a.d. Fulda) is a town in Hersfeld-Rotenburg district in northeastern Hesse, in central Germany, situated, as the name says, on the river Fulda.
Fountain of Neptune, Naples
The Fountain of Neptune (Italian: Fontana del Nettuno) is a monumental fountain, located in Municipio square, in Naples, Italy.
The fountain until the end of 2014 was located across the street of via Medina across from the church of Santa Maria Incoronata, Naples and a few doors south of the church complex of Pieta di Turchini. Now the fountain is located in front of the Town hill building, its location changed due to the construction of the new underground station (Municipio Station - Line 1).

Pietro Bernini
Pietro Bernini (6 May 1562 – 29 August 1629) was an Italian sculptor. He was the father of one of the most famous artists of Baroque, Gian Lorenzo Bernini, as well as the sculptor-architect Luigi Bernini.
Bill Kreutz
William Henry "Bill" Kreutz SJ (born August 16, 1935) is an American and Filipino Jesuit priest who was the longest serving president of the Ateneo de Zamboanga University. He succeeded the first president, Fr. Ernesto Carretero SJ, in 1989 and served as university president until 2007.

Kreutz served as the second Ateneo president for 18 years. His term was extended due to the pending application for Ateneo to become a university. His term ended in 2007 when Fr. Tony Moreno SJ took over as president.

Ateneo de Zamboanga University
The Ateneo de Zamboanga University (Filipino: Pamantasang Ateneo de Zamboanga), also referred to by its acronym AdZU, is a private, Catholic, co-educational, basic and higher education institution in Zamboanga City, Philippines. Founded in 1912 by Spanish Jesuits as an all-boys parochial school of the Immaculate Conception parish, it is the second oldest Jesuit-administered institution in the Philippines.
Te o Tsunagō / Kindan no Karma
"Te o Tsunagō / Kindan no Karma" (手をつなごう/禁断のカルマ, Te o Tsunagō / Kindan no Karuma; "Let's Hold Hands / Forbidden Karma") is the 4th major single by the Japanese girl idol group Shiritsu Ebisu Chugaku. It was released in Japan on June 5, 2013 by Defstar Records.

Pokémon: Black & White: Adventures in Unova and Beyond
Pokémon: Black & White: Adventures in Unova and Beyond is the sixteenth season of the Pokémon anime series and the third and final season of Pokémon the Series: Black & White. It originally aired in Japan from October 11, 2012 to September 26, 2013, on TV Tokyo, and in the United States from February 2, 2013 to December 7, 2013, on Cartoon Network, and features the series's main protagonist Ash Ketchum and his friends Cilan and Iris  as they traverse the Unova and Decolore Islands (デコロラ諸島, Dekorora Shotō). Ash makes his way back to Kanto with Iris joining so she can become a better Dragon Master and Cilan planning on improving his Connoisseur skills with Kanto-region Pokémon.
N-Joi
N-Joi are an English production duo from Southend-on-Sea, Essex, England, consisting of Nigel Champion and Mark Franklin, (who met at Alleyn Court Prep School) with vocalist/front person Saffron. Champion went to Framlingham College and Franklin to Felsted School but met up again after school in 1987.

Saffron (singer)
Samantha Marie Sprackling (born June 1968), known professionally as Saffron, is an English singer, songwriter and actress. The lead singer of pop-rock band Republica, she also performs solo and appeared in London stage musical Starlight Express for two years.
Edmund Wright (architect)
Edmund William Wright (4 April 1824 – 5 August 1888) was a London-born architect in the colony of South Australia. He was mayor of Adelaide for 10 months in 1859. He designed many civic, commercial, ecclesiastical, and residential buildings in Adelaide city centre and its suburbs, in styles influenced by French and Italian Renaissance, as well as Neoclassical architecture. He collaborated with other notable architects E. J. Woods, Isidor Beaver, and Edward Hamilton in designing some of the most notable buildings.

Adelaide Town Hall
Adelaide Town Hall is a landmark building on King William Street in Adelaide, South Australia, Australia. The City of Adelaide Town Hall complex includes the Town Hall and the office building at 25 Pirie Street.
Royal College (Rabat)
34°0′4.86″N 6°50′30.21″W﻿ / ﻿34.0013500°N 6.8417250°W﻿ / 34.0013500; -6.8417250

The Royal College (Arabic: المدرسة المولوية al-madrasa al-mawlawiya, French: Collège royal) is an educational establishment located inside the royal palace in Rabat. Since its foundation in 1942, during the French Protectorate, it has specialised in educating princes and princesses of the Alaouite dynasty. Its director is Abdeljalil Lahjomri.

Hassan II of Morocco
Hassan II (Arabic: الحسن الثاني, romanized: al-Ḥasan aṯ-ṯhānī; 9 July 1929 – 23 July 1999) was King of Morocco from 1961 until his death in 1999. A member of the Alawi dynasty, he was the eldest son of King Mohammed V, and his second wife Princess Abla bint Tahar.

He was named crown prince in 1957 and was the first commander-in-chief of the Royal Armed Forces. He was enthroned as king in 1961 following his father's death. His reign was marked by the start of the Western Sahara conflict and the Sand War, as well as two failed coup attempts against him in 1971 and in 1972. Hassan's conservative approach reportedly strengthened his rule over Morocco and the Western Sahara. He was accused of authoritarian practices, as well as human rights and civil rights abuses, particularly during the Years of Lead. A truth commission was set up after his death to investigate allegations of human rights violations during his reign.
Eldon Epp
Eldon Jay Epp (born 1930) is an American New Testament scholar and textual critic.

Epp studied at Wheaton College (Bachelor of Arts, 1952), Fuller Theological Seminary (Bachelor of Divinity, 1955), Harvard University (Master of Sacred Theology; 1956; Doctor of Philosophy, 1961). He taught at the University of Southern California from 1962 to 1968, and at Case Western Reserve University from 1968 to 1998.

According to Jennifer Wright Knust and Tommy Wasserman, Epp has "tirelessly devoted himself to the careful reconstruction of ancient texts and their histories as well as to the transmission of knowledge about how to undertake this crucial task."

Epp is also well known for arguing in his Junia: The First Woman Apostle (Fortress Press, 2005) that Junia in Romans 16:7 was a female apostle. Epp's monograph has been influential in shifting the consensus of New Testament scholarship on this point.

Epp served as President of the Society of Biblical Literature in 2003.

Textual criticism of the New Testament
Textual criticism of the New Testament is the identification of textual variants, or different versions of the New Testament, whose goals include identification of transcription errors, analysis of versions, and attempts to reconstruct the original text. Its main focus is studying the textual variants in the New Testament.

The New Testament has been preserved in more than 5,800 Greek manuscripts, 10,000 Latin manuscripts and 9,300 manuscripts in various other ancient languages including Syriac, Slavic, Ethiopic and Armenian. There are approximately 300,000 textual variants among the manuscripts, most of them being the changes of word order and other comparative trivialities.
Yauatcha
51°30′50″N 0°8′7″W﻿ / ﻿51.51389°N 0.13528°W﻿ / 51.51389; -0.13528

Yauatcha is a Chinese restaurant in Broadwick Street, Soho, London, England, specialising in dim sum.

The restaurant was created in 2004 by Alan Yau, who previously created the Japanese Wagamama and  Thai Busaba Eathai restaurant chains as well as the more expensive Hakkasan restaurant, also in London. Like Hakkasan, Yauatcha gained a Michelin star rating in 2005, which it lost in 2019.

In January 2008, Yau sold a majority interest in Yauatcha and Hakkasan to Tasameem, part of the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority.

Yauatcha opened a branch in Mumbai in December 2011, and another branch in Bangalore in September 2013, Delhi in November 2013 Kolkata in September 2014, with Honolulu and Houston locations both opening later in 2017. The Honolulu and Houston locations have since closed.

Alan Yau
Alan Yau (Chinese: 丘德威) OBE (born 11 November 1962) is a Hong Kong-born British restaurateur who founded the Wagamama chain in the United Kingdom. Of Hakka ethnicity, he was born in Sha Tau Kok, Hong Kong and moved to King's Lynn, Norfolk in 1975 with his family.

Alan Yau started his career in 1992 founding Wagamama and was appointed an OBE in the 2006 New Year Honour's List for services to the restaurant industry. Following that, Alan founded numerous ventures in gastronomy such as Hakkasan (awarded a Michelin Star in 2003), Yauatcha (awarded Michelin star in 2005) and Park Chinois. In 2016 Alan pivoted into the software world and founded Softchow, a taste aggregation platform.

In April 2019, The Asian Awards honoured Alan for his culinary work with the "Outstanding Achievement in the Arts" award.
Big Scary Monsters Recording Company
Big Scary Monsters Recording Company (often known simply as Big Scary Monsters or BSM Records) is an independent record label based in Oxford, England.

Its releases include American Football, Lambrini Girls, La Dispute, Modern Baseball, Laura Jane Grace, We Were Promised Jetpacks, Martha, Minus The Bear, mewithoutYou, Kevin Devine, The Get Up Kids, Hell Is For Heroes, Pedro The Lion, The Fall of Troy, Andrew W.K., Tall Ships, Cursive, Joyce Manor, Bear vs. Shark and Delta Sleep amongst others.

Martha (band)
Martha are a rock band from Pity Me, a village in County Durham in the North East of England. After singles on their own Discount Horse label and Odd Box Records, their debut album Courting Strong, was released on Fortuna Pop! and Salinas Records in 2014. As of 2022 they have released four full-length albums on cult UK and US based independent record labels.

They have described themselves as queer, vegan and anarchist. They have no designated frontperson and all contribute vocals. Two members of Martha previously founded (and still play in) the band ONSIND, and another led the band No Ditching. Multiple members of Martha have also played in the group Fortitude Valley.

They have variously cited The Housemartins, Motown, Billy Bragg, The Thermals, Ted Leo, power pop, The Replacements, Heart, The Marked Men, Big Star, Masshysteri, and The Exploding Hearts as influences.