hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Corey–Winter olefin synthesis
The Corey–Winter olefin synthesis (also known as Corey–Winter–Eastwood olefination) is a series of chemical reactions for converting 1,2-diols into olefins. It is named for the American chemist and Nobelist Elias James Corey and the American-Estonian chemist Roland Arthur Edwin Winter.

Often, thiocarbonyldiimidazole is used instead of thiophosgene as shown above, since thiophosgene has a similar toxicity profile as phosgene, whereas thiocarbonyldiimidazole is a much safer alternative.

Elias James Corey
Elias James Corey (born July 12, 1928) is an American organic chemist. In 1990, he won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "for his development of the theory and methodology of organic synthesis", specifically retrosynthetic analysis.
Marcus Fulvius Flaccus (consul 264 BC)
Marcus Fulvius Flaccus was a consul in 264 BC. In the tradition of Livy, his praenomen is "Quintus".

In his consulship, Fulvius Flaccus concluded the siege of Volsinii (Etruscan: Velzna), which his predecessor Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges had started, and been killed while conducting; after plundering the city, he ordered it razed and the survivors relocated. The Fasti Triumphales record he celebrated a triumph on 1 November 264 BC. In the 1960s, his donarium was recovered from Sant'Omobono in Rome, and the number of scars on the top of the monument confirm the quantity of statues he brought from Volsinii to Rome. It was the last Etruscan city to be taken by the Romans.

Volsinii
Volsinii or Vulsinii (Etruscan: Velzna or Velusna; Greek: Ouolsinioi, Ὀυολσίνιοι; Ὀυολσίνιον), is the name of two ancient cities of Etruria, one situated on the shore of Lacus Volsiniensis (modern Lago di Bolsena), and the other on the Via Clodia, between Clusium (Chiusi) and Forum Cassii (Vetralla). The latter was Etruscan and was destroyed by the Romans in 264 BC following an attempted revolt by its slaves, while the former was founded by the Romans using the remainder of the Etruscan population rescued from the razed city.

Modern Bolsena, Italy, in the region of  Lazio, descends from the Roman city. The location of the Etruscan city is debated. Umbrian Orvieto, about 14 km (8.7 mi) from Bolsena, is a strong candidate.
100,000 Cobbers
100,000 Cobbers is a 1942 dramatised documentary made by director Ken G. Hall for the Australian Department of Information during World War II to boost recruitment into the armed forces. Grant Taylor, Joe Valli and Shirley Ann Richards play fictitious characters.

Ken G. Hall
Kenneth George Hall AO OBE (22 February 1901 – 8 February 1994) was an Australian film producer and director, considered one of the most important figures in the history of the Australian film industry. He was the first Australian to win an Academy Award.
Cedar Valley Arboretum & Botanic Gardens
42°25′50″N 92°19′30″W﻿ / ﻿42.430663°N 92.325025°W﻿ / 42.430663; -92.325025

The Cedar Valley Arboretum and Botanic Gardens was founded in 1996 and is located directly East of Hawkeye Community College in Waterloo, Iowa. The mission of the Arboretum is to enhance the quality of life for all individuals through horticulture. The vision of the Arboretum is to serve as a compelling public resource for the study of plants, a leader in environmental stewardship, a cultural center for the community, and a showcase of Iowa's rich heritage with the land. The Arboretum is a 501(c)(3) non-profit, independent organization and supported by its volunteer base and community support.

Waterloo, Iowa
Waterloo is a city in and the county seat of Black Hawk County, Iowa, United States. It is the eighth-most populous city in Iowa, with a population of 67,314 at the 2020 census. Waterloo comprises a twin conurbation with neighboring municipality Cedar Falls, and is the larger of the two cities. The Waterloo – Cedar Falls metropolitan area has an estimated 170,000 residents.

Waterloo is a major manufacturing, commercial, and cultural center in Northeast Iowa. John Deere, a brand renowned for its tractors, engines, and other agricultural machinery, has been manufacturing its products in the city for over a century. Locally known as the “Factory City,” Waterloo has played a significant role in the production of these important agricultural tools. Waterloo is bisected by the Cedar River flowing southeastward.
Alienoid: Return to the Future
Alienoid: Return to the Future (Korean: 외계+인 2부) is a 2024 South Korean science fiction action film written and directed by Choi Dong-hoon, starring Ryu Jun-yeol, Kim Tae-ri, and Kim Woo-bin. It is the second part of 2022 film Alienoid and tells the story of humans and monks trying to save everyone by returning to the present while hidden secrets are revealed in the fierce battle for the new sword. It was released on January 10, 2024, in IMAX, 4DX, and ScreenX formats.

Choi Dong-hoon
Choi Dong-hoon (Korean: 최동훈; born February 24, 1971) is a South Korean film director and screenwriter. He ranks as one of the most consistently successful directors working in contemporary Korean cinema, with all first five of his films becoming commercial hits -- The Big Swindle attracted 2.12 million viewers, Tazza: The High Rollers at 6.84 million, Jeon Woo-chi: The Taoist Wizard at 6.13 million, The Thieves at 12.9 million, and Assassination at 12.7 million.
Jamie Bender
Jamie Bender (born February 26, 1990) is an American former football defensive back. He played college football at University of Alabama at Birmingham and attended Raleigh High School in Raleigh, Mississippi. He was a member of the Green Bay Blizzard, Nebraska Danger, Cleveland Gladiators, Iowa Barnstormers and Richmond Roughriders.

Raleigh, Mississippi
Raleigh is a town in and the county seat of Smith County, Mississippi, United States. The population was 1,094 at the 2020 census. Named for English explorer Sir Walter Raleigh, Raleigh has been home to such Mississippians as Governor Robert Lowry, Governor/U.S. Senator Anselm McLaurin and pioneer William H. Hardy.
Goin' Back
"Goin' Back" (also recorded and released as "Going Back") is a song written by Gerry Goffin and Carole King in 1966.  It describes the loss of innocence that comes with adulthood, along with an attempt, on the part of the singer, to recapture that youthful innocence.

The song, as recorded that year by Dusty Springfield, was a top ten hit on the UK Singles Chart. It was recorded and released as a single the following year by the Byrds; it was included on their album The Notorious Byrd Brothers and subsequently on many Byrds compilation albums as well. A critically lauded interpretation was recorded by Nils Lofgren at the start of his solo career in 1975 and has been a mainstay of his concert performances since. The song has also been recorded by many other artists, including Marianne Faithfull,  the New Seekers, the Pretenders, Diana Ross, Richard Thompson, Phil Collins and Black Oak Arkansas, as well as by Carole King herself.

Gerry Goffin
Gerald Goffin (February 11, 1939 – June 19, 2014) was an American lyricist. Collaborating initially with his first wife, Carole King, he co-wrote many international pop hits of the early and mid-1960s, including the US No. 1 hits "Will You Love Me Tomorrow", "Take Good Care of My Baby", "The Loco-Motion", and "Go Away Little Girl".  It was later said of Goffin that his gift was "to find words that expressed what many young people were feeling but were unable to articulate."

After he and King divorced, Goffin wrote with other composers, including Barry Goldberg and Michael Masser, with whom he wrote "Theme from Mahogany (Do You Know Where You're Going To)" and "Saving All My Love for You", also No. 1 hits. During his career, Goffin wrote more than 114 Billboard Hot 100 hits, including eight chart-toppers, and 72 UK hits. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1990, with Carole King.
The Kreutzer Sonata (1987 film)
The Kreutzer Sonata (Russian: Крейцерова соната, romanized: Kreytserova sonata) is a 1987 Soviet romantic drama film directed by Mikhail Shveytser, based on Leo Tolstoy's 1889 novella The Kreutzer Sonata. Tolstoy's novella was itself named after Beethoven's Kreutzer Sonata.

The Kreutzer Sonata
The Kreutzer Sonata (Russian: Крейцерова соната, Kreitzerova Sonata) is a novella by Leo Tolstoy, named after Beethoven's Kreutzer Sonata. The novella was published in 1889, and was promptly censored by the Russian authorities. The work is an argument for the ideal of sexual abstinence and an in-depth first-person description of jealous rage. The main character, Pozdnyshev, relates the events leading up to his killing of his wife: in his analysis, the root causes for the deed were the "animal excesses" and "swinish connection" governing the relation between the sexes.
Estadio Juan Demóstenes Arosemena
Estadio Juan Demóstenes Arosemena  is a 7,000 seats baseball field in Panama City, Panama.  It hosts mainly baseball games and is the home stadium of Panamá Metro of the Panamanian Professional Baseball League.  It also served as host for the 1938 Central American and Caribbean Games.  The stadium was opened in 1938 and has a seating capacity of 25,000 spectators.

Panamanian Professional Baseball League
The Panamanian Professional Baseball League (Spanish: Liga Profesional de Béisbol de Panamá, or LPBP), commonly known as Probeis, is a professional baseball winter league consisting of four teams based in Panama. Originally founded in 1946, the league has run in its current form since 2011. Along with the summertime Fedebeis championship, it is one of the two major senior baseball competitions in the country.

The league was one of the founding members of the Caribbean Series, which it participated in from 1949 to 1960 and again from 2019 to 2024. Starting in 2025, the league's champion takes part in the Serie de las Américas.
Rocks and Shoals (Star Trek: Deep Space Nine)
"Rocks and Shoals" is the 126th episode of the syndicated American science fiction television series Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, the second episode of the sixth season's opening six-episode story arc, beginning shortly after the events of the previous episode.

Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the crew of the Starfleet-managed Bajoran space station Deep Space Nine. During the opening story arc of the sixth season, the hostile Dominion is in control of the station, and its usual Starfleet crew are fighting the Dominion War in other venues.

The episode's storyline was inspired by Frank Sinatra's 1965 anti-war film None but the Brave.

Starfleet
Starfleet is a fictional organization in the Star Trek media franchise. Within this fictional universe, Starfleet is a uniformed space force maintained by the United Federation of Planets (often called "the Federation" in the franchise) as the principal means for conducting deep space exploration, research, defense, peacekeeping, and diplomacy (although Starfleet predates the Federation, having originally been an Earth organization, as shown by the television series Star Trek: Enterprise). While most of Starfleet's members are human and it has been headquartered on Earth, hundreds of other species are also represented. Most of the franchise's protagonists are Starfleet commissioned officers.
Rosemont (horse)
Rosemont (foaled 1932 in Virginia; died on March 23, 1961 in Virginia) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse best known for his win in the 1937 Santa Anita Handicap, when he defeated the popular horse Seabiscuit.  This race was featured in a scene in the motion picture Seabiscuit (2003).

Rosemont was bred by William du Pont, Jr.  Du Pont purchased his dam while in foal in a dispersal sale, and got Rosemont when she gave birth.  He was trained by Richard E. Handlen and raced under du Pont's Foxcatcher Farm stables.  Among his other wins, Rosemont defeated the Triple Crown winner Omaha in winning the 1935 Withers Stakes at Belmont Park before a crowd of 25,000.

Following his retirement from racing, Rosemont stood at stud at William duPont's Walnut Hall Farm near Boyce, Virginia, where he had been foaled in 1932. Of his progeny, the most notable are Bed O' Roses, a U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee, and Berlo, the 1960 American Champion Three-Year-Old Filly.

William du Pont Jr.
William du Pont Jr. (February 11, 1896 – December 31, 1965) was an English-born American businessman and banker, and a prominent figure in the sport of Thoroughbred horse racing. He developed and designed more than 20 racing venues, including Fair Hill at his 5,000-acre estate in Maryland. A member of the Delaware Du Pont family, he was the son of William du Pont and Annie Rogers Zinn, and brother to Marion duPont Scott, a noted horsewoman and breeder.
Avvakum
Avvakum Petrov (Russian: Аввакум Петров; 20 November 1620/1621 – 14 April 1682; also spelled Awakum) was a Russian Old Believer and protopope of the Kazan Cathedral on Red Square who led the opposition to Patriarch Nikon's reforms of the Russian Orthodox Church. His autobiography and letters to the tsar and other Old Believers such as Feodosia Morozova are considered masterpieces of 17th-century Russian literature.

Kazan Cathedral, Moscow
Kazan Cathedral (Russian: Казанский собор, romanized: Kazanskiy sobor), formally known as the "Cathedral of Our Lady of Kazan", is a Russian Orthodox church located on the northwest corner of Red Square in Moscow, Russia. The current building is a reconstruction of the original church, which was destroyed on the orders of Joseph Stalin in 1936.
Tiny Tina's Wonderlands
Tiny Tina's Wonderlands is a 2022 action role-playing first-person shooter video game developed by Gearbox Software and published by 2K. As a spin-off in the Borderlands series and a sequel to Tiny Tina's Assault on Dragon Keep DLC for Borderlands 2, the game is set within the world of a fantasy-themed tabletop role-playing game. The game was released for PlayStation 4, PlayStation 5, Windows, Xbox One and Xbox Series X/S in March 2022.

Ashly Burch
Ashly Burch (born June 19, 1990) is an American actress, writer, director, and singer. She is known for her roles as Aloy in the Horizon series, Chloe Price in the Life Is Strange series, Tiny Tina in the Borderlands series, Mel in The Last of Us Part II, Miss Pauling in Team Fortress 2, the web series Hey Ash, Whatcha Playin'?, Enid Mettle in OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes, Molly McGee in The Ghost and Molly McGee, Ash Graven in Final Space, Cassie Rose in Minecraft: Story Mode, the Rutile Twins in Steven Universe, Rachel Meyee in Mythic Quest, Cassie Cage in Mortal Kombat X and Ray in Fortnite.
Jõelähtme Parish
Jõelähtme Parish (Estonian: Jõelähtme vald) is a municipality in Estonia. It was established in 1992 and is administratively part of the Harju County, in northwestern Estonia. The parish has a population of 6,969 and an area of 210.86 km2 (81.41 sq mi), the population density is 25.3770/km2 (65.726/sq mi)

The administrative centre of Jõelähtme Parish is the village of Jõelähtme. It is located 20 km east from the centre of Estonia's capital, Tallinn.

Harju County
Harju County (Estonian: Harju maakond or Harjumaa) is one of the fifteen counties of Estonia. It is located in northern Estonia, on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, and it borders Lääne-Viru County to the east, Järva County to the southeast, Rapla County to the south, and Lääne County to the southwest. The capital and largest city of Estonia, Tallinn, is located in Harju County. Harju is the largest county in Estonia in terms of population, as almost half (45%) of Estonia's population lives in Harju County.
Hemphillia
Hemphillia is a genus of air-breathing land slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Binneyidae.

The generic name Hemphillia is in honor of an American malacologist Henry Hemphill (1830–1914).

At least some species of this genus are known as jumping slugs due to their behavior when threatened. At such times, they "jump" by coiling up and straightening out repeatedly in rapid succession.

Henry Hemphill
Henry Hemphill (1830–1914) was an American malacologist, a biologist who studies mollusks. In particular he studied land and freshwater mollusca.

His collection of land, freshwater, and marine mollusks became holdings of the California Academy of Sciences and Stanford University.

He was born in Delaware in 1830. He worked as a bricklayer in San Diego 1865, after making gold prospecting trips in the western states. He collected mollusks as early as 1861. He published catalogues of shells for sale from the 1870s to 1890. He moved to Oakland around 1909. He died in 1914 on July 24 as a result of contact with arsenic.

He sold and sent out material labeled with unpublished names, and introduced varieties and formal names. He often used vague terms to describe the locality of specimens.
Transitions (film)
Transitions is the first full-colour IMAX 3D film, created for the Canada Pavilion at Expo 86, co-directed by Colin Low and Tony Ianzelo and produced by the National Film Board of Canada. It was built upon We Are Born of Stars created for Expo '85 in Tskuba, Japan, which used anaglyph 3D. The film is also notable for the first use of stereoscopic computer animation.

Colin Low (filmmaker)
Colin Archibald Low CM RCA (July 24, 1926 – February 24, 2016) was a Canadian animation and documentary filmmaker with the National Film Board of Canada (NFB). He was known as a pioneer, one of Canada's most important filmmakers, and was regularly referred to as "the gentleman genius". His numerous honors include five BAFTA awards, eight Cannes Film Festival awards, and six Academy Award nominations.
Krakatoa (film)
Krakatoa is a 1933 American Pre-Code short documentary film produced by Joe Rock. It won the Academy Award in 1934 for Best Short Subject (Novelty). Educational Pictures (or Educational Film Exchanges, Inc.) was the film distributor of the film.

This film was notable for overwhelming the sound systems of the cinemas of the time. In Australia, the distributors insisted on a power output of 10 watts RMS as a minimum for cinemas wishing to show the film. This was then considered a large system, and forced many cinemas to upgrade. A revised version was made in 1966 for the Library of Congress.

Joe Rock
Joe Rock (born Joseph Simberg, December 25, 1893 – December 5, 1984) was an American film producer, director, actor, and screenwriter. He produced a series of 12 two reel short subject comedies starring Stan Laurel in the 1920s.
El Jorobado de París
El Jorobado de París is an Argentinian musical based on the Victor Hugo novel Notre-Dame de Paris, created by Pepe Cibrián Campoy (book and lyrics) and Ángel Mahler (original music). It premiered at Estadio Luna Park in 1993. A new version ran in 1995, also at Estadio Luna Park. It went on tour in Argentina in 1999, and was revived in 2006 at Opera Theater of Buenos Aires, at Teatro Cervantes in 2007, and in 2013, in commemoration of its 20th anniversary, at Teatro Presidente Alvear.

Ángel Mahler
Ángel Jorge Pititto (23 May 1960 – 25 May 2025), known by the pseudonym Ángel Mahler, was an Argentine composer and conductor. He was the Minister of Culture of the city of Buenos Aires between July 2016 and December 2017.
Eduard Stiefel
Eduard L. Stiefel (21 April 1909 – 25 November 1978) was a Swiss mathematician. Together with Cornelius Lanczos and Magnus Hestenes, he invented the conjugate gradient method, and gave what is now understood to be a partial construction of the Stiefel–Whitney classes of a real vector bundle, thus co-founding the study of characteristic classes.

Magnus Hestenes
Magnus Rudolph Hestenes (February 13, 1906 – May 31, 1991) was an American mathematician best known for his contributions to calculus of variations and optimal control. As a pioneer in computer science, he devised the conjugate gradient method, published jointly with Eduard Stiefel.
The Masque of Augurs
The Masque of Augurs was a Jacobean era masque, written by Ben Jonson and designed by Inigo Jones. It was performed, most likely, on Twelfth Night, 6 January 1622.

A second performance of the masque, with textual revisions by Jonson, occurred on 5 or 6 May 1622. The music for the masque was composed by Alfonso Ferrabosco and Nicholas Lanier; however, only one song by Lanier has survived.

Masque
The masque was a form of festive courtly entertainment that flourished in 16th- and early 17th-century Europe, though it was developed earlier in Italy, in forms including the intermedio (a public version of the masque was the pageant). A masque involved music, dancing, singing and acting, within an elaborate stage design, in which the architectural framing and costumes might be designed by a renowned architect, to present a deferential allegory flattering to the patron. Professional actors and musicians were hired for the speaking and singing parts. Masquers who did not speak or sing were often courtiers: the English queen Anne of Denmark frequently danced with her ladies in masques between 1603 and 1611, and Henry VIII and Charles I of England performed in the masques at their courts. In the tradition of masque, Louis XIV of France danced in ballets at Versailles with music by Jean-Baptiste Lully.
Legends of Sambo
Legends of Sambo, also known as  The Legend of Sambo (Russian: Легенда о самбо, romanized: Legenda o sambo) is a 2023 Russian biographical sports-drama by Andrey Bogatyrev which tells the story of the origins of the Soviet martial art Sambo.

Andrey Bogatyrev
Andrey Andreyevich Bogatyrev (Russian: Андрей Андреевич Богатырёв) is a Russian film director, screenwriter, producer, actor, composer, and film editor. He is also the founder and leader of the rock band tOt.
Gibraltar Public School
The Gibraltar Public School, also known as Committee of the Public School was a government-owned school located on Flat Bastion Road in Gibraltar. The school was established in 1832 and closed in 1897.

Flat Bastion Road
Flat Bastion Road is a road in Gibraltar, the British Overseas Territory at the southern end of the Iberian Peninsula. The road runs north–south, providing views of the city and Bay of Gibraltar. Previously known in Spanish as Senda del Moro (English: Path of the Moor), the traditional Llanito name for the road is Cuesta de Mr. Bourne.

The road angles along the west side of the Rock of Gibraltar to the Flat Bastion, a fortification.  Married quarters were built along the road. In the nineteenth century there were outbreaks of yellow fever in the 1820s and of diphtheria in the 1880s among the residents, apparently due to faulty sewers. Developments included, in the 1830s a school for poor children which remained in use as a school into the early twentieth century and a club where masked balls were held.  In modern times the bastion's magazine has been refurbished for civilian use, the barracks have been converted into affordable housing, and parking has become an issue.
Tocumwal Football Club
The Tocumwal Football Netball Club, nicknamed the Bloods, is an Australian rules football and netball club that competes in the Picola & District Football Netball League. The club is based in the town of Tocumwal located in the Riverina district of New South Wales.

Federal District Football Association
The Federal District Football Association (FDFA) was first established in 1897 at a meeting at Gedye's Victoria Hotel, Cobram, Victoria for the purpose of controlling the "Cobram Courier Cup" Australian rules football competition.