hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The World of Late Antiquity
The World of Late Antiquity is a 1971 book by historian Peter Brown. The book was one of the first in the anglophone world to consider late antiquity as a distinct historical era. In 2014, the Folio Society republished an illustrated edition, with an introduction by historian Christopher Kelly. It was reissued by Thames and Hudson as part of their World of Art series in 2024.

Peter Brown (historian)
Peter Robert Lamont Brown FBA (born 26 July 1935) is an Irish historian. He is the Rollins Professor of History Emeritus at Princeton University. Brown is credited with having brought coherence to the field of Late Antiquity, and is often regarded as the inventor of said field. His work has concerned, in particular, the religious culture of the later Roman Empire and early medieval Europe, and the relation between religion and society.
Digraphs and trigraphs (programming)
In computer programming, digraphs and trigraphs are sequences of two and three characters, respectively, that appear in source code and, according to a programming language's specification, should be treated as if they were single characters.

Various reasons exist for using digraphs and trigraphs: keyboards may not have keys to cover the entire character set of the language, input of special characters may be difficult, text editors may reserve some characters for special use and so on. Trigraphs might also be used for some EBCDIC code pages that lack characters such as { and }.

EBCDIC
Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code (EBCDIC; /ˈɛbsɪdɪk/) is an eight-bit character encoding used mainly on IBM mainframe and IBM midrange computer operating systems. It descended from the code used with punched cards and the corresponding six-bit binary-coded decimal code used with most of IBM's computer peripherals of the late 1950s and early 1960s. It is supported by various non-IBM platforms, such as Fujitsu-Siemens' BS2000/OSD, OS-IV, MSP, and MSP-EX, the SDS Sigma series, Unisys VS/9, Unisys MCP and ICL VME.
The Book of Khalid
The Book of Khalid (1911) is a novel by Arab-American writer Ameen Rihani. Composed during a sojourn in the mountains of Lebanon, it is considered to be the first novel by an Arab-American writer in English. His contemporary, Khalil Gibran, illustrated the work, and the story is often seen as an influence on Gibran's own well-known book The Prophet.

Ameen Rihani
Ameen Rihani (Amīn Fāris Anṭūn ar-Rīḥānī; Arabic: أمين الريحاني / ALA-LC: Amīn ar-Rīḥānī; November 24, 1876 – September 13, 1940) was a Lebanese-American writer, intellectual and political activist. He was also a major figure in the mahjar literary movement developed by Arab emigrants in North America, and an early theorist of Arab nationalism. He became an American citizen in 1901.
1924 Open Championship
The 1924 Open Championship was the 59th Open Championship, held 26–27 June at Royal Liverpool Golf Club in Hoylake, England. Walter Hagen won the second of his four Open Championships, one stroke ahead of runner-up Ernest Whitcombe. It was the fifth of Hagen's eleven major championships. Two years earlier in 1922, he became the Open's first winner born in the United States.

Walter Hagen
Walter Charles Hagen (December 21, 1892 – October 6, 1969) was an American professional golfer and a major figure in golf in the first half of the 20th century. His tally of 11 professional majors is third behind Jack Nicklaus (18) and Tiger Woods (15). Known as the "father of professional golf," he brought publicity, prestige, big prize money, and lucrative endorsements to the sport. Hagen is rated one of the greatest golfers ever.

Hagen won the U.S. Open twice, and in 1922 he became the first native-born American to win The Open Championship, and won the Claret Jug three more times. He also won the PGA Championship a record-tying five times (all in match play), and the Western Open five times when it had near-major championship status. Hagen totaled 44 PGA wins in his career, and was a six-time Ryder Cup captain.
Ben Murdoch-Masila
Ben Murdoch-Masila (born 7 February 1991) is a retired Tonga international rugby league footballer who last played as a prop, second-row and lock for the St George Illawarra Dragons in the National Rugby League (NRL).

He played for the Wests Tigers and the Penrith Panthers in the NRL, and the Salford Red Devils and the Warrington Wolves in the Super League.

2017 Rugby League World Cup
The 2017 Rugby League World Cup was the fifteenth staging of the Rugby League World Cup tournament and took place in Australia, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea between 27 October and 2 December 2017. The tournament featured the national teams of 14 Rugby League International Federation member countries who qualified through either standing in the previous tournament or a series of qualification play-off matches. In the final, defending champions Australia, playing in their 14th consecutive World Cup final, faced England at Brisbane's Lang Park, the home side keeping the British scoreless with the Kangaroos winning 6 - 0.
Revenant Records
Revenant Records is an American independent record label based in Austin, Texas, which concentrates on folk and blues. Revenant was formed in 1996 by John Fahey and Dean Blackwood. Revenant's 2001 box set, Screamin' and Hollerin' the Blues: The Worlds of Charley Patton, won three Grammy Awards in 2003.

Revenant gained fame among free jazz fans in 2004 when it released Holy Ghost: Rare & Unissued Recordings (1962-70), a 9-CD box set of rare and unissued recordings and interviews by saxophonist Albert Ayler.

Other notable releases from Revenant are Harry Smith's Anthology of American Folk Music, Vol. 4 (2000) and John Fahey's posthumous album Red Cross (2003).

Red Cross (album)
Red Cross is the 33rd and final studio album by American fingerstyle guitarist and composer John Fahey, released posthumously in 2003. The Revenant Records catalog refers to the album's title as Red Cross Disciple of Christ Today.
Penny Rain
Penny Rain is the second part of the fifth studio album Sun Dance & Penny Rain released by Aimer. It was released on April 10, 2019, in a regular CD only edition and with Sun Dance in three versions: a limited 2 CD + 2 BD + Special Storage Box + Sun Dance Jigsaw Puzzle, a limited 2 CD + BD edition (Type-A), and a limited 2CD + DVD edition (Type-B). Sun Dance and Penny Rain were Aimer's first new studio albums since daydream in 2016.

Penny Rain peaked at #2 ahead of Sun Dance on Oricon's Weekly Album Chart on April 22, 2019, and charted for 26 weeks.

Aimer
Aimer (エメ, Eme; [eme]) is a Japanese pop singer and lyricist signed to Sacra Music and managed by Agehasprings. Her stage name comes from the French verb aimer 'to love'. Aimer uses the name aimerrhythm for lyrics credits.

Debuting in 2011, she has released seven studio albums, all of which made it into the top 20 of the Oricon Albums Chart, with fourth album Daydream being certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of Japan. Her 2021 song "Zankyōsanka" became her first song to reach the top of the Japan Hot 100 chart, selling 87,649 downloads in its first week. It also charted at number 37 on the Billboard Global 200, marking her first appearance on the chart.
Karate World Championships
The Karate World Championships, also known as the WKF World Karate Championships, are the highest level of competition for karate organized by the World Karate Federation (WKF).  The competition is held in a different city every two years. Championships in the 2000s included Madrid in 2002, Monterrey in 2004, Tampere in 2006, Tokyo in 2008, and Belgrade in 2010. The competition was initially riddled with controversy regarding karate styles and the ruleset.

In 1980, women were first allowed to compete in the championships.

Kumite
Kumite (Japanese: 組手, literally "grappling hands") is one of the three main sections of karate training, along with kata and kihon. Kumite is the part of karate in which a person trains against an adversary.

Kumite can be used to develop a particular technique or a skill (e.g. effectively judging and adjusting one's distance from one's opponent) or it can be done in competition.
Diana Schutz
Diana Schutz (born February 1, 1955) is a Canadian-born comic book editor, serving as editor in chief of Comico during its peak years, followed by a 25-year tenure at Dark Horse Comics. Some of the best-known works she has edited are Frank Miller's Sin City and 300, Matt Wagner's Grendel, Stan Sakai's Usagi Yojimbo, and Paul Chadwick's Concrete. She was known to her letter-column readers as "Auntie Dydie". She was an adjunct instructor of comics history and criticism at Portland Community College.

Inkpot Award
The Inkpot Award is an honor bestowed annually since 1974 by Comic-Con International. It is given to professionals in the fields of comic books, comic strips, animation, science fiction, and related areas of popular culture, at Comic-Con International's annual convention, San Diego Comic-Con. Also eligible are members of Comic-Con's board of directors and convention committee.

The recipients, listed below, are known primarily as comics creators, including writers, artists, letterers, colorists, editors, or publishers, unless otherwise noted.
1983 1000 km of Nürburgring
The 1983 1000 km of Nürburgring was an endurance race held at the Nürburgring Nordschleife. It was Round 3 of the 1983 FIA World Endurance Championship. The race was the last international race to be held at the Nordschleife until the 2015 FIA WTCC Race of Germany, and the following year, the new GP-Strecke track was completed and all international racing was held on that section of the track.  It was also the race where West German driver Stefan Bellof recorded a then-record 6:11.13 around the track in his factory backed Rothmans Porsche 956, which was unofficially beaten in 2018.

Stefan Bellof
Stefan Bellof (20 November 1957 – 1 September 1985) was a German racing driver. Bellof was the winner of the Drivers' Championship in the 1984 FIA World Endurance Championship, driving for the factory Rothmans Porsche team. His lap record on the Nordschleife configuration at the Nürburgring, set while qualifying for the 1000 km race in 1983, stood for 35 years, when it was beaten by Timo Bernhard in 2018. He also competed in Formula One with Tyrrell Racing during 1984 and 1985. Bellof was killed in an accident during the 1985 1000 km of Spa, a round of the 1985 World Sportscar Championship.
Ted Willis, Baron Willis
Edward Henry Willis, Baron Willis (13 January 1914 – 22 December 1992) was an English playwright, novelist and screenwriter who was also politically active in support of the Labour Party. He created several television series, including the long-running police drama Dixon of Dock Green.

Chislehurst
Chislehurst (/ˈtʃɪzəlˌhɜːrst/) is an affluent suburban district of south-east London, England, in the London Borough of Bromley. It lies east of Bromley, south-west of Sidcup and north-west of Orpington, 10 miles (16 km) south-east of Charing Cross. Before the creation of Greater London in 1965, it was in Kent. According to the 2021 census, Chislehurst has a population of 15,600 (rounded to the nearest 100).
1994–95 Southern Football League
The 1994–95 Southern Football League season was the 92nd in the history of the league, an English football competition.

Hednesford Town won the Premier Division and earned promotion to the Football Conference. Solihull Borough, Sittingbourne, Trowbridge Town and Corby Town were relegated to the Midland and Southern Divisions, whilst Newport, Salisbury City, Ilkeston Town and Baldock Town were promoted to the Premier Division, the former two as champions.

The clubs finishing bottom of the Midland and Southern Divisions, Armitage and Burnham, were relegated to level eight leagues.

Baldock Town F.C.
Baldock Town Football Club is a football club based in Baldock, Hertfordshire, England. Having originally been established in 1905, the current version of the club was established in 2003. They are currently members of Spartan South Midlands League Premier Division and groundshare with Arlesey Town at their Hitchin Road ground.
Ivan Gel
Ivan Andriiovych Gel (Ukrainian: Іван Андрійович Гель, July 17, 1937 – March 16, 2011) was a Ukrainian politician and dissident. He was a member of the Ukrainian Helsinki Group and the Ukrainian Christian Democratic Party.

Ukrainian Christian Democratic Party
Ukrainian Christian Democratic Party (Ukrainian: Українська християнсько-демократична партія, Ukrayinska Khrystyianska Demokratychna Partiya; UKhDP) is a small political party of Ukrainian SSR and Ukraine. It became a progenitor of the two other parties of Christian democracy such Christian Democratic Party of Ukraine and Christian Democratic Union. The party became a powerful force in Ukraine during the 1989 revolutionary wave in Europe and contributed greatly to the revival of such Ukrainian cultural organizations as Prosvita, Association of the Ukrainian Language, Plast as well as the Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church.

In 1992 most of the party was transformed into the Christian Democratic Party of Ukraine of Vitaliy Zhuravsky, while the remnants existed until 2002 and according to some sources were merged with the Ukrainian Republican Party Sobor.
2020 Rolex Paris Masters – Singles
Daniil Medvedev defeated Alexander Zverev in the final, 5–7, 6–4, 6–1 to win the singles tennis title at the 2020 Paris Masters.

Novak Djokovic was the defending champion, but did not participate this year.

Rafael Nadal's victory over Feliciano López in the second round made him only the fourth man in the Open Era to have won 1,000 matches on the ATP Tour. His loss to Zverev in the semifinals meant that Djokovic secured the year-end ATP No. 1 singles ranking for the sixth time, equaling the all-time record held by Pete Sampras. Additionally, following the tournament Nadal surpassed Jimmy Connors's record for the most consecutive days ranked in the world's top 10.

Márton Fucsovics
Márton Fucsovics (Hungarian: Fucsovics Márton, pronounced [ˈfut͡ʃovit͡ʃ ˈmaːrton]; born 8 February 1992) is a Hungarian professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 31, achieved on 4 March 2019. He is currently the No. 2 singles player from Hungary.
Potsdam, Minnesota
Potsdam is an unincorporated community in Farmington Township, Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States, near Elgin and Rochester.  The community is located along State Highway 247 (MN 247) near Olmsted County Road 11.  The boundary line between Olmsted and Wabasha counties is nearby.

Minnesota State Highway 247
Minnesota State Highway 247 (MN 247) is a 12.604-mile-long (20.284 km) highway in southeast Minnesota, which runs from its intersection with U.S. Highway 63 in Farmington Township, north of Rochester; and continues east to its eastern terminus at its intersection with State Highway 42 in the city of Plainview.
William Haliday
William Haliday (1788–1812) was an Irish language enthusiast. He sometimes used a Gallicized version of his name William O'Hara, in some documents his surname is misspelt Halliday.
The son of a Dublin tradesman, he was born around 1788, studied the Irish language, and produced a grammar of it aged 19 under another the assumed name, Edmund O'Connell (signing E.O'C). He trained as a solicitor. 
In 1808 he assisted Edward O'Reilly, Dr. John Lanigan, and Father Paul'O'Brien (Professor of Irish at Maynooth College) in founding the Gaelic Society of Dublin, an effort to save the Irish language.

He died aged 24, on 26 October 1812 and is buried in Taney Parish, graveyard, Dundrum, with an inscription on his tomb by Dr. Lanigan. His younger brother was the historian Charles Haliday.

Charles Haliday
Charles Haliday (1789–1866) was an Irish public health reformer, historian and antiquary who made significant contributions to the study of the history of Dublin, being particularly interested in the Scandinavian antiquities of the city.
Iron Triangle, Richmond, California
The Iron Triangle, sometimes known as Central Richmond, is a neighborhood in Richmond, California. It is a largely residential area but includes the downtown Richmond business district along Macdonald Avenue. Commercial areas on Cutting Boulevard and near Interstate 580 are also in the neighborhood if the more extensive of two possible definitions of its area is used.

Richmond, California
Richmond is a city in western Contra Costa County, California, United States. The city was incorporated on August 3, 1905, and has a city council. Located in the San Francisco Bay Area's East Bay region, Richmond borders San Pablo, Albany, El Cerrito and Pinole in addition to the unincorporated communities of North Richmond, Hasford Heights, Kensington, El Sobrante, Bayview-Montalvin Manor, Tara Hills, and East Richmond Heights, and for a short distance San Francisco on Red Rock Island in the San Francisco Bay.

Richmond is one of two cities, the other being San Rafael, that sits on the shores of both San Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay. Its population was 116,448 as of the 2020 United States census making it the second largest city in the United States named Richmond after Richmond, Virginia.
Pearly penile papules
Pearly penile papules (PPP; also known as hirsutoid papillomas or as papillae coronae glandis, Latin for 'papillae of the corona of the glans') are benign, small bumps or spots on the human penis. They vary in size from 0.5-1 mm, are pearly or flesh-colored, smooth and dome-topped or filiform, and appear in one or, several rows around the corona, the ridge of the head of the penis and sometimes on the penile shaft. They are painless, non-cancerous and not harmful. The medical condition of having such papules is called hirsutoid papillomatosis or hirsuties papillaris coronae glandis (Latin for 'papillary hirsutism of the corona of the glans').

Papule
A papule is a small, well-defined bump in the skin. It may have a rounded, pointed or flat top, and may have a dip. It can appear with a stalk, be thread-like or look warty. It can be soft or firm and its surface may be rough or smooth. Some have crusts or scales. A papule can be flesh colored, yellow, white, brown, red, blue or purplish. There may be just one or many, and they may occur irregularly in different parts of the body or appear in clusters. It does not contain fluid but may progress to a pustule or vesicle. A papule is smaller than a nodule; it can be as tiny as a pinhead and is typically less than 1 cm in width, according to some sources, and 0.5 cm according to others. When merged together, it appears as a plaque.

A papule's colour might indicate its cause, such as white in milia, red in eczema, yellowish in xanthoma and black in melanoma. They may open when scratched and become infected and crusty.
Moulton College
Moulton College is a further education college based in Moulton, Northamptonshire, England. Although initially established as the Northamptonshire Institute of Agriculture in 1921, it now has expanded its teaching curriculum to cover a wide range of land-based subjects, sports, and construction. Moulton College operates a number of satellite campuses in Northamptonshire, including ones in Daventry, Silverstone, and Higham Ferrers.

Moulton College teaches at all levels on the QCF framework from entry level through to doctorate level, with all BSc and MSc higher education degrees accredited with Northampton University.  Academic staff at the college conduct applied research in their field of study. The college funds a number of associate lecturer posts who conduct PhD studies concurrently with teaching on undergraduate courses. The college is also a lead academic sponsor of Daventry University Technical College which opened in September 2013.

Higham Ferrers
Higham Ferrers is a market town and civil parish in the Nene Valley in North Northamptonshire, England, close to the Cambridgeshire and Bedfordshire borders. It forms a single built-up area with Rushden to the south and had a population of 8,827 at the 2021 census. The town centre contains many historic buildings around the Market Square and College Street.
2008 Grand Slam of Darts
The 2008 PartyPoker.com Grand Slam of Darts was the second staging of the darts tournament, the Grand Slam of Darts organised by the Professional Darts Corporation. The event took place from 15 to 23 November 2008 at the Wolverhampton Civic Hall, Wolverhampton, England. As with 2007, the tournament included players from both the PDC and BDO organisations.

Phil Taylor successfully defended the title after defeating Terry Jenkins 18–9 in the final.

James Wade also hit the first nine-dart finish in the history of this tournament, during his second round defeat by Gary Anderson.

Terry Jenkins
Terry Jenkins (born 26 September 1963) is an English former professional darts player who was nicknamed the Bull, having previously used the name "Tucker" for his matches. He reached a peak ranking of world number four in the darts world rankings and was a runner-up in nine major PDC televised finals.
Te Horo railway station
Te Horo railway station was a flag station at Te Horo, in the Kāpiti Coast District on the North Island Main Trunk in New Zealand. It was served by diesel shuttles between Te Horo and Wellington. Only equipment sheds and a passing loop now remain at the station site.

Te Horo
Te Horo and Te Horo Beach are two localities on the Kāpiti Coast of New Zealand's North Island. Te Horo Beach is the larger of the two settlements and, as its name implies, is located on the Tasman Sea coast. Te Horo is located to the east, a short distance inland. They are situated between Peka Peka and Waikanae to the south and Ōtaki to the north. "Te Horo" in the Māori language means "the landslide".
Trivulzio Madonna
The Trivulzio Madonna is a painting by the Italian Renaissance painter Andrea Mantegna, executed in 1497. It is housed in the Pinacoteca of the Castello Sforzesco, Milan.

The work shows the Madonna and Child enthroned and surrounded by four saints; from left to right they are Saints John the Baptist, Gregory the Great, Benedict and Jerome. The cherubim surrounding the Madonna are a reference to the Annunciation. The branches of two citrus trees frame the upper register of the composition. The two figures in the foreground are portrayed in order to be observed from a lower position. In the lower centre are three busts of chanting angels around an organ, an allusion the Olivetan church of Santa Maria in Organo at Verona, for which the panel was executed.

The painting's current name comes from the Trivulzio Collection of Milan, to which it belonged from 1791 to 1935. A painting by Filippo Lippi is also known by this name.

Sforza Castle
The Sforza Castle (Italian: Castello Sforzesco [kasˈtɛllo sforˈtsesko]; Milanese: Castell Sforzesch [kasˈtɛl sfurˈsɛsk]) is a medieval fortification located in Milan, northern Italy. It was built in the 15th century by Francesco Sforza, Duke of Milan, on the remnants of a 14th-century fortification. Later renovated and enlarged, in the 16th and 17th centuries it was one of the largest citadels in Europe. Extensively rebuilt by Luca Beltrami in 1891–1905, it now houses several of the city's museums and art collections.