hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Profanity
Profanity, also known as swearing, cursing, or cussing, is the usage of notionally offensive words for a variety of purposes, including to demonstrate disrespect or negativity, to relieve pain, to express a strong emotion (such as anger, excitement, or surprise), as a grammatical intensifier or emphasis, or to express informality or conversational intimacy. In many formal or polite social situations, it is considered impolite (a violation of social norms), and in some religious groups it is considered a sin. Profanity includes slurs, but most profanities are not slurs, and there are many insults that do not use swear words.

Swear words can be discussed or even sometimes used for the same purpose without causing offense or being considered impolite if they are obscured (e.g. "fuck" becomes "f***" or "the f-word") or substituted with a minced oath like "flip".

Word taboo
Word taboo, also called taboo language, offensive word, language taboo or linguistic taboo is a kind of taboo that involves restricting the use of words or other parts of language due to social constraints. This may be due to a taboo on specific parts of the language itself (such as certain words, or sounds), or due to the need to avoid a taboo topic. The taboo against naming the dead in parts of the world is an example. Taboo words are commonly avoided with euphemisms, such as the English understatement pass away, meaning "die" and the English minced-oath for goodness' sake, meaning "for God's sake". It is a common source of neologisms and lexical replacement.
Gordona
Gordona is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sondrio in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) north of Milan and about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Sondrio, on the border with Switzerland. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,770 and an area of 49.0 square kilometres (18.9 sq mi).

Gordona borders the following municipalities: Cama (Switzerland), Livo, Lostallo (Switzerland), Menarola, Mese, Prata Camportaccio, Samolaco, Verdabbio (Switzerland).

Province of Sondrio
The province of Sondrio (Italian: provincia di Sondrio), also known as Valtellina (the major valley of the province) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its provincial capital is the city of Sondrio.

As of 2024, it has a population of 179,165.
St. Peter Stiftskulinarium
St. Peter Stiftskulinarium (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtɪftskuliˌnaːʁiʊm], until 2017 Stiftskeller St. Peter) is a restaurant within the St Peter's Abbey in Salzburg, Austria. It is speculated to have been operating since before AD 803, making it the oldest inn in Central Europe, and the oldest currently operating restaurant in the world, and the longest running company to founded outside Japan.

Saint Peter's Abbey, Salzburg
St Peter's Abbey (German: Stift Sankt Peter), or St Peter's Archabbey (German: Erzabtei Stift Sankt Peter, Latin: Archiabbatia sancti Petri Salisburgensis), is a Benedictine monastery and former cathedral in the Austrian city of Salzburg. It is considered one of the oldest monasteries in the German-speaking area, and in fact the oldest with a continuous history since its foundation in 696.
Caprock Canyons State Park and Trailway
Caprock Canyons State Park and Trailway is a 15,314 acres (6,197 ha) state park located along the eastern edge of the Llano Estacado in Briscoe County, Texas, United States. The park opened in 1982 and is managed by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department.

Plains bison
The plains bison (Bison bison bison) is one of two subspecies/ecotypes of the American bison, the other being the wood bison (B. b. athabascae). A natural population of plains bison survives in Yellowstone National Park (the Yellowstone Park bison herd consisting of an estimated 4,800 bison).  Multiple smaller reintroduced herds of bison in many ranges within the midwestern and western United States (including Alaska, but not Hawaii) as well as southern portions of the Canadian Prairies.
Fausto Acke
Fausto Alesio Acke (born Padovini, 23 May 1897 – 14 May 1967) was an Italian-born Swedish gymnast and discus thrower. Born in Rome he was adopted in 1903 by family friends, after his parents died during an epidemic. His adoptive parents were the Swedish Impressionist painter J. A. G. Acke and Eva Acke (née Topelius), the daughter of the Finnish-Swedish author Zacharias Topelius. Acke was raised in Vaxholm. At the 1920 Summer Olympics, he was part of the Swedish team that won the gold medal in the Swedish system event. He later moved to the Hollywood, where he worked in the movie industry, married sculptor Gerdis Sung, and died aged 69.

J. A. G. Acke
Johan Axel Gustaf Acke (born Andersson; 7 April 1859 – 5 September 1924), was a Swedish painter, illustrator and sculptor. He was also an amateur architect and designed two villas for himself. One of the first members of the Önningeby artists' colony in Finland.
Carrowdore
Carrowdore (from Irish Ceathrú Dobhair, meaning 'water quarter') is a village on the Ards Peninsula in County Down, Northern Ireland. It is situated in the townland of Ballyrawer, the civil parish of Donaghadee and the historic barony of Ards Lower. It lies within the Ards and North Down Borough, 6 miles (10 km) east of Newtownards. It had a population of 1,052 people in the 2021 census.

Ards Lower
Ards Lower (named after the former barony of Ards), alternatively known as North Ards, is a barony in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies on the northern half of the Ards Peninsula in the north-east of the county, with the Irish Sea to its east and Strangford Lough to its south-west. It is bordered by two other baronies: Ards Upper to the south; and Castlereagh Lower to the west.

The barony of Ards Lower was created in 1851 when the barony of Ards was split into two, the other part being Ards Upper.
Pembrokeshire Coalfield
The Pembrokeshire Coalfield in West Wales is one of the smallest British coalfields, but continuously worked from the 14th to 20th centuries. The main coalfield extends across south Pembrokeshire from Saundersfoot on Carmarthen Bay westwards to Broad Haven on St Brides Bay. A small detached portion of the field is centred on Newgale on St Brides Bay.

The coalfield is the westernmost extension of the South Wales Coalfield though Carmarthen Bay geographically separates the two areas.

St Brides Bay
St Brides Bay (Welsh: Bae Sain Ffraid) is a bay in western Pembrokeshire, West Wales.

Either Skomer Island or the mainland extremity of Wooltack Point at the western end of the Marloes Peninsula marks the southern limit of the bay whilst its northern limit is marked by Ramsey Island off St David's Head. The mouth of the bay is about 7 miles (11 km) wide and extends some 10 miles (16 km) eastwards from this line.
Waimanutaha
Waimanutaha (meaning "beside Waimanu") is a genus of extinct penguins known from the Paleocene (Danian or Selandian ages) Waipara Greensand of New Zealand. The genus contains a single species, Waimanutaha kenlovei, known from a partial skeleton including the mandible and possibly two additional partial skeletons. The holotype specimen, CM 2018.124.4, was discovered in 2017 and initially described by Mayr et al. (2020), who assigned it to cf. Muriwaimanu, but phylogenetic separation and proportional differences ruled out this classification.

Waimanutaha is one of many early-diverging sphenisciforms from the Waipara Greensand, all of which represent some of the oldest known penguins in the fossil record. The other named genera include Archaeodyptes, Daniadyptes, Muriwaimanu, Sequiwaimanu, Waimanu, and Waiparadyptes.

Waipara Greensand
The Waipara Greensand is a geological rock unit found in Canterbury, New Zealand. It dates from just after the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, the Selandian and Thanetian, around 62–58 million years ago in the Palaeocene. It is well known for its fossils, particularly for containing the oldest penguins (Sphenisciformes) and also containing shark and fish fossils.
Dave Baksh
Dave Baksh (born July 26, 1980)  also known by his stage name Dave Brownsound, is a Canadian musician best known as the lead guitarist of rock band Sum 41. Baksh quit Sum 41 in 2006 (not counting a guest appearance on stage in 2008) to pursue his own career in his heavy metal/reggae project Brown Brigade. He rejoined Sum 41 in 2015 and has released three subsequent studio albums with the band. He also played guitar for Organ Thieves, with two of his fellow Brown Brigade members and currently plays with the Canadian deathpunk four-piece Black Cat Attack. In 2019, Baksh co-founded the merchandise company Loud & Immortal.

He incorporates a shred guitar style into his guitar solos. Loudwire stated that he "takes the flare of heavy metal and applies it to Sum 41’s more streamlined sound."

God's Favorite Sons
God's Favorite Sons is the debut EP by Canadian hard rock band Organ Thieves (then known as The Organ Thieves), self-produced and released in March 2009.

The EP includes 5 first demo songs recorded by the band in Jesse Smith and Jason Bone's studio "The Boom Cave" in Oshawa, Ontario, in January 2009. The EP was co-produced by the band and former Cauterize bassist Jason Bone.

The music on the EP ranges from simple hard rock to more bass-driven reggae tracks, as well as more country and blues influenced southern rock songs.

The songs "Fix the Hearts of the Hollow" and "Question Your Crown" were later re-recorded for the band's first full-length album Somewhere Between Free Men and Slaves, which was released in 2012.
Beautiful Creatures (album)
Beautiful Creatures is the debut studio album by American hard rock band Beautiful Creatures. It was produced by Sean Beavan at Bay 7 Studios in Valley Village, Los Angeles, and was released on August 16, 2001, through Warner Bros. Records. The album peaked at number 29 on the Billboard Top Heatseekers, while the single "Wasted" peaked at number 37 on the Mainstream Rock Tracks.

Following the release of the album, Beautiful Creatures went on to promote the album, performing at Ozzfest 2001, from June 8 – August 12, 2001, the Rolling Rock Tour as well performing in Japan. The album received mixed reviews.

DJ Ashba
Daren Jay Ashba (born November 10, 1972) is an American musician, guitarist, songwriter, record producer, and graphic designer. He was the lead guitarist of Sixx:A.M. He is also known for his work with hard rock bands BulletBoys, Beautiful Creatures, and Guns N' Roses. He has worked with various artists including Mötley Crüe, Drowning Pool, Marion Raven, Aimee Allen, and Neil Diamond.
GPER
G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER), also known as G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPER gene. GPER binds to and is activated by the female sex hormone estradiol and is responsible for some of the rapid effects that estradiol has on cells.

Estriol
Estriol (E3), also spelled oestriol, is a steroid, a weak estrogen, and a minor female sex hormone. It is one of three major endogenous estrogens, the others being estradiol and estrone. Levels of estriol in women who are not pregnant are almost undetectable. However, during pregnancy, estriol is synthesized in very high quantities by the placenta and is the most produced estrogen in the body by far, although circulating levels of estriol are similar to those of other estrogens due to a relatively high rate of metabolism and excretion. Relative to estradiol, both estriol and estrone have far weaker activity as estrogens.

In addition to its role as a natural hormone, estriol is used as a medication, for instance in menopausal hormone therapy; for information on estriol as a medication, see the estriol (medication) article.
Dan Le Batard
Dan Le Batard  is an American newspaper sportswriter, ex-radio host, podcast host and television reporter based in Miami, Florida. He has also worked at ESPN, and for his hometown paper, the Miami Herald, for which he wrote from 1990 to 2016.

Le Batard hosted a daily radio show with Jon Weiner that originated on WAXY in Miami and was carried nationally on ESPN Radio until early 2021. At ESPN, he also co-hosted the televised sports commentary show Highly Questionable with his father and revolving co-hosts. Additionally, he was a frequent contributor to several ESPN programs, serving as a regular replacement host for Pardon the Interruption. Following his departure from ESPN, Le Batard founded the podcast network Meadowlark Media with former ESPN president John Skipper.

WAXY (AM)
WAXY (790 kHz) is an AM radio station licensed to South Miami, Florida, with a Spanish adult contemporary and conservative talk radio format. The station is owned by Audacy, Inc. Its studios are located in Audacy's Miami office on Northwest Second Avenue, and its transmitter is in Everglades National Park.

The callsign was formerly used on FM at 105.9, until Jefferson-Pilot acquired the callsign. That station, now WBGG-FM and owned by iHeartMedia with a classic rock format, is not affiliated with the current WAXY.
Providence Island Company
The Providence Company or Providence Island Company was an English chartered company founded in 1629 by a group of Puritan investors including Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick in order to establish the Providence Island colony on Providence Island, nowadays part of San Andrés y Providencia Department of Colombia.

English settlers were sent to the colonies to run plantations. The colonies also functioned as a base for privateers operating against Spanish ships and settlements in the region. Colonists had to pay one fifth of the plunder to the Company. The colonies were destroyed by the Spanish and Portuguese in 1641.

Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick
Robert Rich, 2nd Earl of Warwick (May/June 1587 – 19 April 1658) was an English naval officer, politician, and peer who commanded the Parliamentarian navy during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. A Puritan, he was also lord of the Manor of Hunningham.
Flight Stop
Flight Stop, also titled Flightstop, is a 1979 site-specific art work by Canadian artist Michael Snow. Located in the Toronto Eaton Centre in the downtown core of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, the work hangs from the ceiling and appears to depict sixty Canada geese in flight. Each individual goose is made of styrofoam covered in fibreglass and covered in a sheath made from photographs taken from a single goose. The flock is frozen in mid-flight, "flight stop" being a pun on the nature of still photography. When conceived in 1977, the work was titled Flight Stop but has frequently also been titled Flightstop. The work remains an iconic public art piece in Toronto and in many ways stands as a visual identity for the mall.

Michael Snow
Michael James Aleck Snow CC RCA (December 10, 1928 – January 5, 2023) was a Canadian artist who worked in a range of media including film, installation, sculpture, photography, and music. His best-known films are Wavelength (1967) and La Région Centrale (1971), with the former regarded as a milestone in avant-garde cinema.
Erica O'Keith
Erica Lynn O' Keith (born December 19, 1984, in Los Angeles, California) is an actress best known for her role in the Nickelodeon sitcom Romeo!. She has also guest starred in Close to Home and Scrubs. She was also one of the girls on the bleachers in Corbin Bleu's music video for "Push It to the Limit".

During her free time she takes jazz, hip hop, and break dance lessons.

Romeo!
Romeo! is a teen sitcom that aired on Nickelodeon from September 13, 2003, to July 23, 2006, totaling 53 episodes in three seasons. The filming was done in Vancouver, British Columbia, while the show takes place in Seattle, Washington. The show stars Louisiana-based rapper Romeo as a fictionalized version of himself, known as "Ro".

Reruns aired on Nickelodeon until October 4, 2007, and on BET, MTV2 and The N until December 26, 2008.
Mufulira District
Mufulira District is a district of Zambia, located in Copperbelt Province. The capital lies at Mufulira. As of the 2022 Zambian Census, the district had a population of 200,182 people. It is divided into three constituencies, namely Mufulira, Kantanshi and Kankoyo.

Mufulira (constituency)
Mufulira is a constituency of the National Assembly of Zambia. It covers the southern part of Mufulira and a rural area to the south and east of the town in Mufulira District of Copperbelt Province.

The constituency was created in 1954 when Mufulira–Chingola was split into two constituencies.
Film studies
Film studies is an academic discipline that deals with various theoretical, historical, and critical approaches to cinema as an art form and a medium. It is sometimes subsumed within media studies and is often compared to television studies.

Film studies is less concerned with advancing proficiency in film production than it is with exploring the narrative, artistic, cultural, economic, and political implications of the cinema. In searching for these social-ideological values, film studies takes a series of critical approaches for the analysis of production, theoretical framework, context, and creation. Also, in studying film, possible careers include critic or production. Overall the study of film continues to grow, as does the industry on which it focuses.

Academic journals publishing film studies work include Sight and Sound, Film Comment, Film International, CineAction, Screen, Journal of Cinema and Media Studies, Film Quarterly, and Journal of Film and Video.

Television studies
Television studies is an academic discipline that deals with critical approaches to television. Usually, it is distinguished from mass communication research, which tends to approach the topic from a social sciences perspective. Defining the field is problematic; some institutions and syllabuses do not distinguish it from media studies or classify it as a subfield of popular culture studies.

One form of television studies is roughly equivalent to the longer-standing discipline of film studies in that it is often concerned with textual analysis yet other approaches center more on the social functions of television. For example, analyses of quality television, such as Cathy Come Home and Twin Peaks, have attracted the interests of researchers for their cinematic qualities. However, television studies can also incorporate the study of television viewing and how audiences make meaning from texts, which is commonly known as audience theory or reception theory.
TV 5 Dimensi
TV5d was a local television station serving Tomohon, North Sulawesi, Indonesia and surrounding areas. The station was founded in 2006 by Netherlands-born entrepreneur, Dr Willie Smits, also chairman of the Masarang Foundation. The station is owned by Smits' wife Linneke Syennie Watoelangkow, also deputy to Tomohon City Mayor, in the period 2005-2010. TV5D celebrated its 2nd anniversary on January 14, 2008. TV5D rates as North Sulawesi's number one television news source. It primarily broadcasts from its headquarters at the Graha TV5 Dimensi in Tomohon, North Sulawesi, Indonesia, with services that are available to more than 4 million people in more than 8 regencies in North Sulawesi and North Maluku.

Willie Smits
Willie Smits (born February 22, 1957, in Weurt, Gelderland, the Netherlands) is a trained forester, microbiologist, conservationist, animal welfare activist, wilderness engineer and social entrepreneur. He has lived in Indonesia since 1985 and is an Indonesian citizen. He is married to Adrienne C. Watson since March 2016.

Smits founded the Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation and has worked for the survival of this threatened species of ape, during which time his work has also broadened out into the related areas of sustainable farming, reforestation and remote monitoring of forests. He travels widely, raising awareness of the issues surrounding deforestation in Borneo and the plight of the orangutan. He became a senior advisor to the Ministry of Forests in Indonesia and has been knighted in the Netherlands.
Following Sean
Following Sean is a 2005 documentary film directed by Ralph Arlyck, and a follow-up to his 1969 student short Sean, which features four-year-old Sean's thoughts on marijuana (including his own use), police presence, and freewheeling lifestyles. The film's notoriety landed a screening in the White House and a variety of predictions regarding the outcome of Sean's life - whether he could grow up to embody the hippy philosophy, or whether he would turn out a drug dealer or stock broker.

Following Sean picks up in the mid-1990s and turns Sean's story into a meditation on generational changes and legacies that are handed down as a result of choices made in heated political climates. The film was met with high critical praise, receiving an 86% "Fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes and a 64 on Metacritic.

Ralph Arlyck
Ralph Arlyck (born December 17, 1940) is an American documentary filmmaker. He has won many awards, including  Guggenheim and Rockefeller Foundation fellowships for his films and has shown at film festivals such as Sundance, New York, London, and Cannes.
Sycharth
Sycharth was a motte and bailey castle near Llansilin, Powys, Wales.  Until 1996 Sycharth was in the historic county of Denbighshire, but was then  transferred to the Shire area of Montgomeryshire within Powys. Sycharth was the birthplace of Owain Glyndŵr.

Llansilin
Llansilin (Welsh pronunciationⓘ) is a village and community in Montgomeryshire, Powys, Wales, 5 miles (8 km) west of Oswestry. The community, which includes Llansilin village, a large rural area and the hamlets of Moelfre and Rhiwlas as well as the remote parish of Llangadwaladr, had a population of 648 at the 2001 census, increasing to 698 at the 2011 Census. There is also an electoral ward including the nearby village of Llanrhaeadr-ym-Mochnant with a population of 2,295.
Last of the Mohicans (1977 film)
Last of the Mohicans is a 1977 American adventure drama television film based on the novel The Last of the Mohicans by James Fenimore Cooper. The film was directed by James L. Conway, written by Stephen Lord, and stars Steve Forrest, Ned Romero, Andrew Prine, Don Shanks, Michele Marsh, Jane Actman, and Robert Tessier. It was produced by Schick Sunn Classic Pictures as part of their Classics Illustrated series, and aired on NBC on November 23, 1977.

Sunn Classic Pictures
Sunn Classic Pictures, also known as Sunn International Pictures, Schick Sunn Classic Pictures, and Taft International Pictures was an independent U.S.-based film distributor, founded in 1971.  The company was notable for family films and documentaries, and was purchased by Taft Broadcasting in 1980.
2009 Republican National Committee chairmanship election
The 2009 Republican National Committee chairmanship election started out as a six-way race, and ended on the sixth ballot with Michael Steele becoming the first African-American chairman of the Republican National Committee. The Washington Times called it the "'Dirtiest ever' race for RNC chairman."

Katon Dawson
Katon Edwards Dawson (born February 29, 1956) is an American politician from the state of South Carolina, former chairman of the South Carolina Republican Party and was a 2009 candidate for chairman of the Republican National Committee.
Princess Ozma
Princess Ozma of Oz, formerly known as Tippetarius, is a fictional character from the Land of Oz, created by American author L. Frank Baum. She appears for the first time in the second Oz book, The Marvelous Land of Oz (1904), and in every Oz book thereafter.

Glinda of Oz
Glinda of Oz is the fourteenth book in the Oz series written by children's author L. Frank Baum, published on July 10, 1920. It is the last book of the original Oz series, which, following Baum's death, was continued by other authors.