hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Willie Buchanon
Willie James Buchanon (born November 4, 1950) is an American former professional football player who was a cornerback for the Green Bay Packers and San Diego Chargers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the San Diego State Aztecs and was selected in the first round of the 1972 NFL draft with the seventh overall pick. He was Defensive Rookie of the Year in 1972 and a two-time Pro Bowl player. He finished his career with his hometown Chargers, retiring with 28 career interceptions and 15 fumble recoveries.

San Diego State Aztecs football
The San Diego State Aztecs football team is the college football program that represents San Diego State University (SDSU). The Aztecs compete in NCAA Division I (FBS) as a member of the Mountain West Conference (MW). The team plays its home games at Snapdragon Stadium.

Beginning play in 1921, the Aztecs first went to a bowl game in 1948 and first won a major college bowl game in 1969. The Aztecs have won 21 conference championships and are 10–10 all time in post-season bowl games.

Notable alumni include Pro Football Hall of Fame inductees Marshall Faulk, John Madden, and Joe Gibbs.
Yahtzee (game show)
Yahtzee is an American game show that premiered on January 11, 1988. Based on the dice game Yahtzee, the show was hosted by Peter Marshall, with Larry Hovis serving as both the show's announcer and a regular panelist. Each week featured a different hostess serving as "dice girl", including Kelly Grant, Denise DiRenzo, and Teresa Ganzel.

Yahtzee was originally taped at Trump's Castle in Atlantic City, New Jersey, though later it moved to Showboat Hotel & Casino.

Peter Marshall (entertainer)
Ralph Pierre LaCock (March 30, 1926 – August 15, 2024), better known by his stage name Peter Marshall, was an American game show host, television and radio personality, singer, and actor. He was the original host of The Hollywood Squares from 1966 to 1981 and had almost fifty television, movie, and Broadway credits.

Marshall was given his stage name by John Robert Powers. Powers had chosen the last name Marshall for Peter's sister (who later chose to use Joanne Dru instead), and Peter adopted it early in his career and paired it with an anglicized version of his middle name.
Nurhan Atasoy
Nurhan Atasoy (born 12 February 1934) is a Turkish art historian. She specializes in history of Ottoman and Islamic art. She served as a chair in the Department of Fine Arts, Archeology and Art History at Istanbul University until 1999 when she retired. She is a resident scholar of the Turkish Cultural Foundation.

Since 2012 she sits as a permanent guest on Tarihin Arka Odası, a TV program dedicated to history, with journalist Murat Bardakçı and historian Erhan Afyoncu.

Turkish Cultural Foundation
The Turkish Cultural Foundation promotes and preserves Turkish culture and heritage worldwide, and places special emphasis on education for disadvantaged students in Turkey and abroad. Created in 2000, the Foundation seeks to help build cultural bridges between Turkey and other countries in order to support a better understanding and appreciation of Turkish cultural heritage.  To do this, the Foundation coordinates a series of people-to-people cultural exchanges, educational programs, and websites promoting Turkish music, art, and cuisine.  As a US tax-exempt public charitable organization, the Foundation is supported entirely by private donations and has offices in Boston, Istanbul, Sonoma and Washington, DC.
Keikyū Daishi Line
The Keikyu Daishi Line (Japanese: 京急大師線, Hepburn: Keikyū Daishi-sen) is a 4.5-kilometre (2.8 mi) private railway line in Japan, operated by Keikyū. It connects Keikyu Kawasaki Station and Kojimashinden Station, both located in Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki.

Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki
Kawasaki-ku (川崎区) is one of the seven wards of the city of Kawasaki in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 2010, the ward had an estimated population of 216,826 and a density of 5,530 persons per km2. The total area was 39.21 square kilometres (15.14 sq mi).  Kawasaki-ku has the home to the second largest Koreatown in Japan.
The Interpretation of Conflicting Narrations
The Interpretation of Conflicting Narrations or Treatise on Hadith Differences (Arabic: Ta’wīl Mukhtalif al-Hadīth) is a book written by Ibn Qutaybah  (828 – 885 CE / 213 – 276 AH), a renowned Islamic scholar of the Golden Age of Islam, in which he defends and reconciles hadiths that Mu'tazilites and so much later Quranists had dismissed as contradictory or irrational.

The Interpretation was cited by the Christian author Bulus ibn Raja' in his Kitab al-wadih bi-l-haqq around 1010 to highlight the contradictions of the hadiths. It was translated and edited by Gerard Lecomte as Le traité des divergences du hadit d'Ibn Qutayba (Damascus: Institut Français du Damas, 1962, xlviii, 460 p. 25 cm.).

Kitab al-wadih bi-l-haqq
The Kitāb al-wāḍiḥ bi-l-ḥaqq (Arabic: كتاب الواضح بالحق), known in Latin as the Liber denudationis (lit. 'Book of Denuding'), is a Copto-Arabic apologetic treatise against Islam. It was written by a Muslim convert to Christianity, Būluṣ ibn Rajāʾ, around 1010 in Fāṭimid Egypt. Its purpose is to provide a refutation of Islam on the basis of the Qurʾān and the ḥadīth (tradition). It was translated into Latin in the 13th century, probably in Toledo. It had much greater influence in translation than in its original language.
Čedem
Čedem (pronounced [ˈtʃeːdəm], in older sources also Čedno) is a small settlement in the eastern Gorjanci Mountains in the Municipality of Brežice in eastern Slovenia, right on the border with Croatia.  The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola. During the Second World War it was one of five Slovene settlements annexed by the Independent State of Croatia. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.

The village is protected as a national heritage monument by the Slovenian Ministry of Culture. Single-storey rectangular wooden houses with a variety of outbuildings such as sties, hayracks, and granaries all date to the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The exteriors of the houses are painted blue, ochre, or brown.

Municipality of Brežice
The Municipality of Brežice (pronounced [ˈbɾèːʒitsɛ] ⓘ; Slovene: Občina Brežice) is a municipality in eastern Slovenia in the Lower Sava Valley along the border with Croatia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Brežice. The area was traditionally divided between Lower Styria (territory on the left bank of the Sava River) and Lower Carniola (territory on the right bank of the Sava River). The entire municipality is now included in the Lower Sava Statistical Region.
Philip R. McDevitt
Philip Richard McDevitt (July 12, 1858 – November 11, 1935) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of the Diocese of Harrisburg in Pennsylvania from 1916 until his death.

Roman Catholic Diocese of Harrisburg
The Diocese of Harrisburg (Latin: Diœcesis Harrisburgensis) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in south central Pennsylvania in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Philadelphia. The mother church is St. Patrick's Cathedral in Harrisburg. The bishop is Timothy C. Senior.
Marie-Laure Brunet
Marie-Laure Brunet (born 20 November 1988 in Lannemezan, Hautes-Pyrénées) is a retired French biathlete and Olympic athlete who won a bronze medal in the women's pursuit at the 2010 Winter Olympic Games of Vancouver.

Brunet made her Biathlon World Cup debut in March 2007 at Kontiolahti, shortly after winning a gold medal in the pursuit event at the Youth World Championships. During her career she developed a reputation as one of the most accurate shooters on the biathlon circuit. Brunet announced her retirement in June 2014 after suffering health problems, including collapsing during the relay at the 2014 Olympics.

Lannemezan
Lannemezan (French pronunciation: [lanməzɑ̃]; Gascon Occitan Lanamesa, "heath of the middle") is a commune in the Hautes-Pyrénées department and the Occitanie region in south-western France. The inhabitants are called Lannemezanais.

Lannemezan is the largest city in the Communauté de communes du Plateau de Lannemezan.
Naomi Awards
Naomi Awards was an award ceremony dedicated to the year's worst music acts. It was a parody of the BRIT Awards, and was run by the music channel Music Choice. They were named after supermodel Naomi Campbell, whose own 1994 single "Love and Tears" was seen by Music Choice as a supremely awful example of the genre. They were voted for by selected music industry figures.

Naomi Campbell
Naomi Elaine Campbell (born 22 May 1970) is a British model. Beginning her career at the age of eight, Campbell was one of six models of her generation declared supermodels by the fashion industry and the international press. She was the first black woman to appear as a model on the covers of Time and Vogue France.

In addition to her modelling career, Campbell has embarked on other ventures, including an R&B studio album and several acting appearances in film and television. She hosted the modelling-competition reality show The Face and its international offshoots. Campbell is also involved in charity work for various causes, although she was banned from being a trustee of any charity in the United Kingdom for five years in September 2024 following a financial misconduct investigation.
2021 Winston-Salem Open
The 2021 Winston-Salem Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 52nd edition of the Winston-Salem Open (as successor to previous tournaments in New Haven and Long Island), and part of the ATP Tour 250 Series of the 2021 ATP Tour. It took place at Wake Forest University in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States, from August 21 through August 28, 2021. It was the last event on the 2021 US Open Series before the 2021 US Open.

Austin Krajicek
Austin Krajicek (/ˈkraɪtʃɛk/ KRYE-chek; born June 16, 1990) is an American professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has been ranked as high as world No. 1 in doubles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) in June 2023. He also reached a best singles ranking of No. 94 in October 2015.

Krajicek has won 15 doubles titles on the ATP Tour. Since partnering with Ivan Dodig in 2021, Krajicek has won one ATP 1000 title at 2023 Monte Carlo Masters, and his first major title at the 2023 French Open, a victory that crowned him the ATP world No. 1 in June 2023.

A former player for Texas A&M University, Krajicek won the national doubles title at the 2011 NCAA Division I Tennis Championships, the first in the program's history. He turned professional in 2012 and made his top 100 singles debut in 2015, a year in which he made the quarterfinals of the ATP 500 in Tokyo and broke through on the major level by reaching the second round of the US Open.
Without Her (2006 film)
Without Her (French: Sans elle) is a Canadian thriller film, directed by Jean Beaudin and released in 2006. The film stars Karine Vanasse as Camille, a woman returning home to Quebec for the first time since leaving for Italy after the disappearance of her mother.

The film's cast also includes Marie-Thérèse Fortin, Maxim Gaudette, Linda Sorgini, Isabel Richer, Patrick Goyette, Emmanuel Schwartz and Johanne-Marie Tremblay.

Composer Jean Robitaille won the Genie Award for Best Original Score at the 27th Genie Awards for his work on the film.

Linda Sorgini
Linda Sorgini (born 1955) is a Canadian actress who works primarily in Quebec. She is most noted for her performance in the 1983 film The Tin Flute (Bonheur d'occasion), for which she was a Genie Award nominee for Best Supporting Actress at the 5th Genie Awards in 1984.

A native of Sudbury, Ontario, she studied theatre at the University of Ottawa and the National Theatre School of Canada.

Her other performances have included the films Summer Rain (Pluie d'été), Brother André (Le Frère André), Cruising Bar, Ding et Dong, The Ideal Man (L'Homme idéal), Streetheart (Le cœur au poing) and Without Her (Sans elle), the television series Watatatow, L'Auberge du chien noir, Plan B and Au secours de Béatrice, and roles on stage.
Yi Chongmu
Yi Chongmu (1360–1425) was a Korean general who led the Ōei Invasion of Tsushima Island in 1419.

He was noted for leading a fleet of 227 ships and 17,285 soldiers which landed at the Tsushima Island in Aso Bay on June 19, 1419, which was met with little resistance. General Sō Sadamori, the Daimyo of Tsushima, proposed a treaty to the Joseon court in September 1419.

His conquest not only rescued victims taken by Japanese pirates including 146 Chinese and 8 Koreans, but also put an end to Japanese pirate raids in Korea and China, as well as paving the way for special trade relationships in between Joseon Korea and the Sō clan of Tsushima Island.

Ōei Invasion
The Ōei Invasion (応永の外寇, Ōei no gaikō), also known as the Kihae Expedition (Korean: 기해동정; Hanja: 己亥東征; MR: Kihae tongjŏng), was a 1419 Joseon invasion of Tsushima Island, which is located in the middle of the Tsushima Strait between the Korean Peninsula and Kyushu.

The third and largest suppression of Tsushima (對馬島 征伐) took place in 1419 (first year of the reign of Sejong), named after the zodiac of that year. It was preceded by the first suppression that took place in February 1389 and the second from December 1396. Both ended with the goal of eradicating pirate activity in the area. It is named after the hexagenerian zodiac of that year.

The Japanese identifying phrase derives from the Ōei era (1394–1428), which is the Japanese era name of the calendar system in use in Japan.
Church of the Holy Trinity (Vicksburg, Mississippi)
The Church of the Holy Trinity is a historic church building of the Episcopal Church, built in c. 1870 and located at South and Monroe Streets in Vicksburg, Mississippi.

It was designed by architect Edward Culliatt Jones, and was constructed in 1870 in a Romanesque style. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978; and it is part of the Uptown Vicksburg Historic District.

Uptown Vicksburg Historic District
Uptown Vicksburg Historic District is a historic district in Vicksburg, Mississippi, U.S.. The district is bounded by Locust Street, South Street, Washington Street, and Clay Street; also on Washington Streets between Grove and Veto Street; and also roughly bounded by Washington Street, Grove Street, China Street, Clay Street, Locust Street, Veto Street and South Street (north boundary of the South Cherry Street Historic District).

It is a National Register of Historic Places listed place since 1993, with boundary increases in 2004 and 2020.
A Girl Named Disaster
A Girl Named Disaster is a 1996 novel written by Nancy Farmer. The book explores the qualities needed to survive in a hostile environment (particularly by a woman), coming-of-age, and the availability of spiritual guidance.

The book has been well-received. In 1997, it won the Newbery Honor for the novel, landed on the American Library Association's list of Top Ten Books for Young Adults, and was a finalist for the National Book Award for Young People's Literature.

Nancy Farmer
Nancy Farmer (born 1941) is an American writer of children's and young adult books and science fiction. She has written three Newbery Honor books and won the U.S. National Book Award for Young People's Literature for The House of the Scorpion, published by Atheneum Books for Young Readers in 2002.
Pendulum-and-hydrostat control
Pendulum pivot

Elevator and fixed pivot

Pendulum weight

Hydrostat pressure valve

Pendulum-and-hydrostat control is a control mechanism developed originally for depth control of the Whitehead torpedo. It is an early example of what is now known as proportional and derivative control.

The hydrostat is a mechanism that senses pressure; the torpedo's depth is proportional to pressure. However, with only a hydrostat controlling the depth fins in a negative feedback loop, the torpedo tends to oscillate around the desired depth rather than settling to the desired depth. The addition of a pendulum allows the torpedo to sense the pitch of the torpedo. The pitch information is combined with the depth information to set the torpedo's depth control fins. The pitch information provides a damping term to the depth control response and suppresses the depth oscillations.

Whitehead torpedo
The Whitehead torpedo was the first self-propelled or "locomotive" torpedo ever developed.  It was perfected in 1866 by British engineer Robert Whitehead from a rough design conceived by Giovanni Luppis of the Austro-Hungarian Navy in Fiume. It was driven by a three-cylinder compressed-air engine invented, designed, and made by Peter Brotherhood. Many naval services procured the Whitehead torpedo during the 1870s, including the US Navy. This early torpedo proved itself in combat during the Russo-Turkish War when, on 16 January 1878, the Ottoman ship Intibah was sunk by Russian torpedo boats carrying Whiteheads, though this story has been disputed in one book.

The term "torpedo" comes from the torpedo fish, which is a type of ray that delivers an electric shock to stun its prey.
The House of Mirth (1918 film)
The House of Mirth is a 1918 American silent melodrama film directed by French film director Albert Capellani, starring Katherine Harris Barrymore as Lily Bart. It is a cinema adaptation of Edith Wharton's 1905 novel The House of Mirth and the first-ever cinema adaptation of any of her work. Metro Pictures put many efforts into the film in order to turn the original novel into an "all-star cast" film to earn popularity, as Metro Pictures itself announced that the film was "one of the most important productions" during 1918, and that the film contained "the strongest and the most distinguished cast ever selected for the screen". Initially, Emmy Wehlen starred in the role of Lily Bart in the film. Later, she was replaced by Katherine Harris Barrymore. The film contributed to the huge success of Metro Pictures that year. It is not known whether the film currently survives.

Edith Wharton
Edith Newbold Wharton (/ˈhwɔːrtən/; née Jones; January 24, 1862 – August 11, 1937) was an American writer and designer. Wharton drew upon her insider's knowledge of upper-class New York society to portray, realistically, the lives and morals of the Gilded Age. In 1921, she became the first woman to win the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction for her novel The Age of Innocence. She was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame in 1996. Her other well-known works are The House of Mirth, the novella Ethan Frome, and several notable ghost stories.
Streamy Awards
The YouTube Streamy Awards, also known as the Streamy Awards or Streamys, are an awards show presented annually by Dick Clark Productions and Tubefilter to recognize excellence in online video, including directing, acting, producing, and writing. The formal ceremony at which the awards are presented takes place in Los Angeles, California. It was the first awards show dedicated entirely to web series.

Grace Helbig
Grace Anne Helbig (born September 27, 1985) is an American comedian, actress, and internet personality. She is the co-creator and co-host of the podcast This Might Get Weird (2018–present) alongside frequent collaborator Mamrie Hart and is the voice of Cindy Bear in the Max animated series Jellystone! (2021–2025).

Helbig created and hosted the My Damn Channel web series DailyGrace (2008–2013). She was a correspondent on the G4 network tech series Attack of the Show! (2011–2012), played Idol on the Fine Brothers' web series MyMusic (2012–2013), and co-produced and starred in the feature films Camp Takota (2014), Electra Woman and Dyna Girl (2016) and Dirty 30 (2016). She created and hosted the comedy/talk show on the E! television network The Grace Helbig Show (2015).

She has authored two comedic handbooks for Millennials: Grace's Guide: The Art of Pretending to Be a Grown-up (2014) and Grace & Style: The Art of Pretending You Have It (2016).
Tülin Altıntaş
Tülin Altıntaş (born 1982, in Balıkesir) is a Turkish volleyball player. Tülin is 187 cm and plays as middle player. She plays for DYO Karşıyaka and wears number 11. She also played for Güneş Sigorta, Vakıfbank, 75.Yıl, Yeşilyurt and Fenerbahçe Acıbadem.

Yeşilyurt women's volleyball team
Yeşilyurt Women’s Volleyball, now renamed to Bakırköy Belediyesi Yeşilyurt Women’s Volleyball, is the women's volleyball section of Turkish sports club Yeşilyurt S.K. in Istanbul, Turkey. Founded in 1956 in Yeşilyurt neighborhood of Bakırköy district, the club's colors are      . The team is playing its home matches at the Yeşilyurt Arena.
Midnight Lady Called the Blues
Midnight Lady Called the Blues is an album by the American musician Jimmy Witherspoon, released in 1986. It was recorded shortly after Witherspoon recovered from throat cancer. Midnight Lady Called the Blues was dedicated to Big Joe Turner. The album was nominated for a Grammy Award for "Best Jazz Vocal Performance, Male".

Dr. John
Malcolm John Rebennack Jr. (November 20, 1941 – June 6, 2019), better known by his stage name Dr. John, was an American singer, songwriter and pianist. His music combined New Orleans blues, jazz, R&B, soul and funk.

Active as a session musician from the late 1950s until his death, he gained a following in the late 1960s after the release of his album Gris-Gris (1968) and his appearance at the Bath Festival of Blues and Progressive Music (1970). He typically performed a lively, theatrical stage show inspired by medicine shows, Mardi Gras costumes, and voodoo ceremonies. Rebennack recorded thirty studio albums and nine live albums, as well as contributing to thousands of other musicians' recordings. In 1973, he achieved a top-10 hit single with "Right Place, Wrong Time".
Villa de Pozos
Villa de Pozos is a municipality in the Mexican state of San Luis Potosí. It is located about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southeast of the state capital of San Luis Potosí. After being absorbed by the municipality of San Luis Potosí in 1946, it was reestablished as an independent municipality in 2024.

San Luis Potosí
San Luis Potosí, officially the Free and Sovereign State of San Luis Potosí, is one of the 32 states which compose the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 59 municipalities and is named after its capital city, San Luis Potosí.

It is located in eastern and central Mexico and is bordered by seven other Mexican states: Nuevo León to the north; Tamaulipas to the north-east; Veracruz to the east; Hidalgo, Querétaro and Guanajuato to the south; and Zacatecas to the north-west. In addition to the capital city, other major cities in the state include Ciudad Valles, Matehuala, Rioverde, and Tamazunchale.
The Rise of Germany
The Rise of Germany, 1939–1941 is a 2015 nonfiction military history book by James Holland. It was published by Atlantic Monthly Press. It is the first book in his The War in the West series, preceding The Allies Strike Back, 1941-1943 (2017). The book was published by Penguin Classics as The War in the West - A New History: Volume 1: Germany Ascendant 1939-1941.

James Holland (author)
James Holland (born 27 June 1970) is an English popular historian, author and broadcaster, who specialises in the history of the Second World War.

Holland has written novels and non-fiction history books focusing on the Second World War, and presented documentaries for television and radio. He is the co-founder and co-chair of the annual Chalke Valley History Festival, and co-hosts the We Have Ways Of Making You Talk podcast with Al Murray.

On 20 August 2025, Holland was sanctioned by the Russian government as a response to UK sanctions on Russian companies and individuals in connection to the war in Ukraine.