hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mike Morris (physicist)
Michael S. Morris is a professor of physics at Butler University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States. He earned a PhD in physics from the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena under the supervision of Kip Thorne. Among his nine published peer-reviewed papers, his most notable theoretical contribution is his pioneering analysis of time travel through traversable wormholes, coauthored in 1987 with Kip Thorne, and Ulvi Yurtsever. Kip Thorne tells the story of this discovery in his 1995 book Black Holes and Time Warps: Einstein's Outrageous Legacy.

Wormhole
A wormhole is a hypothetical structure that connects disparate points in spacetime. It can be visualized as a tunnel with two ends at separate points in spacetime (i.e., different locations, different points in time, or both). Wormholes are based on a special solution of the Einstein field equations.
Wormholes are consistent with the general theory of relativity, but whether they actually exist is unknown. Many physicists postulate that wormholes are merely projections of a fourth spatial dimension, analogous to how a two-dimensional (2D) being could experience only part of a three-dimensional (3D) object.

In 1995, Matt Visser suggested there may be many wormholes in the universe if cosmic strings with negative mass were generated in the early universe. Some physicists, such as Kip Thorne, have suggested how to create wormholes artificially.
Kentucky Down Under
Kentucky Down Under is an Australia-themed animal park located in Horse Cave, Kentucky, United States.

In 1990, the park was opened by Bill and Judy Austin to the public.

Bill Austin was manager of Mammoth Onyx Cave (which was later renamed Kentucky Caverns), which his grandfather had purchased in the 1920s. Peacocks and other small animals had been added to the park for visitors to enjoy on the surface in-between cave tours. A herd of American bison was added in the 1970s, followed by the Australian animals in 1990, and the park renamed to "Kentucky Down Under".

Horse Cave, Kentucky
Horse Cave is a home rule-class city in Hart County, Kentucky, United States. Randall Curry currently serves as mayor of the city and is assisted by a city council that is composed of six members. As of the 2020 census, Horse Cave had a population of 2,212.
Archbishop Mitty High School
Archbishop Mitty High School affectionately known as Mitty by its staff, students and alumni is a private Catholic high school located in San Jose, California, United States. The school is named for John Joseph Mitty, the fourth Archbishop of San Francisco. It is one of many Catholic high schools in the Santa Clara Valley. It is the only Diocesan high school in Santa Clara. Construction of the school began in 1963, and when completed, the campus occupied its present 24 acres (9.7 ha).

John Joseph Mitty
John Joseph Mitty (January 20, 1884 – October 15, 1961) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as the third bishop of Salt Lake in Utah (1926–1932) and the fourth archbishop of San Francisco in California (1935–1961).
Hara Arena
Hara Arena was a 5,500-seat multi-purpose arena located largely in the Trotwood, Ohio suburb of Dayton and partly in the Harrison Township suburb. The facility began as a ballroom in 1957, added an arena in 1964 and grew to a six-building complex which closed in August 2016.

At various times, it hosted the Dayton Jets basketball team and Dayton Gems (1964–1977, 1979–1980 and 2009–2012), Dayton Blue Hawks, Dayton Owls, Dayton Bombers, Dayton Ice Bandits, Dayton Demonz, Megacity Hockey Club, Dayton Dynamo, Dayton Demolition ice hockey teams and the Marshals indoor football team.

Dayton Owls
The Dayton Owls was a minor league ice hockey team in the International Hockey League (IHL) during the 1977–78 season. The team was based in Dayton, Ohio, and played home games at the Hara Arena. The Columbus Owls had relocated to Dayton for the 1977–78 season, filling the void left by the Dayton Gems. Midway during their first season, on December 15, 1977 the Dayton Owls relocated to Grand Rapids, Michigan and became the Grand Rapids Owls.
Tuvalu Sports Ground
Tuvalu Sports Ground is a multi-use stadium in Funafuti, Tuvalu.    It is currently used mostly for football and rugby matches.  The stadium holds 1,500 people. It is the only stadium in Tuvalu, and therefore all football tournaments are played at the stadium: A-Division; Independence Cup; NBT Cup; Tuvalu Games and also the Christmas Cup. The Tuvalu national football team draws from players in the Tuvalu A-Division, with the national team training at the Tuvalu Sports Ground. Some football games at the Tuvalu Sports Ground took place in front of at least 200 people.

The first large scale system for renewable energy in Tuvalu is a 40 kW solar panel installation on the roof of the Tuvalu Sports Ground stands. This grid-connected 40 kW solar system was established in 2008 by the E8 and Japan Government through Kansai Electric Company (Japan) and contributes 1% of electricity production on Funafuti. Future plans include expanding this plant to 60 kW.

Football in Tuvalu
Association football is the most popular sport in Tuvalu. Football in Tuvalu is governed by the Tuvalu National Football Association (TNFA). The TNFA became an associate member association of the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) on 15 November 2006 with a further reinstatement on 16 March 2020. The TNFA has been wanting to become a full member of the OFC and a member of FIFA since 1987.
BM-21 Grad
The BM-21 "Grad" (Russian: БМ-21 "Град", lit. 'hailstorm') is a self-propelled 122 mm multiple rocket launcher designed in the Soviet Union. The system and the M-21OF rocket were first developed in the early 1960s, and saw their first combat use in March 1969 during the Sino-Soviet border conflict. BM stands for boyevaya mashina (Russian: боевая машина – combat vehicle), and the nickname grad means "hail". The complete system with the BM-21 launch vehicle and the M-21OF rocket is designated as the M-21 field-rocket system and is more commonly known as a Grad multiple rocket launcher system.

In NATO countries the system, either the complete system or the launch vehicle only, was initially known as the M1964. Several other countries have copied the Grad or developed similar systems. In Russian service its intended replacement is the 9A52-4 Tornado. Many similar 122 mm MLRS systems are made by different countries based on the BM-21 Grad.

Tatra 815-7
The Tatra 815-7 (also known as Tatra 817, T817 or Tatra Force) is a heavy army logistics vehicle made by the Czech company Tatra produced since 2007. T817 is primarily intended for military operators and for specialist roles in civilian sector (with Tatra 158 Phoenix being the company's primary general-purpose truck for civilian sector). The truck is made primarily with axle variations of 4×4, 6×6, 8×8 and 10×10. Other chassis variants up to 16x16 are also available.
Manchester University (Indiana)
Manchester University (formerly Manchester College) is a private liberal arts university associated with the Church of the Brethren and two locations, a residential campus in North Manchester, Indiana, and a second location in Fort Wayne, Indiana, which hosts the university's doctorate programs in pharmacy; master's programs in pharmacogenomics, athletic training, and nutrition and nutrigenomics; and an accelerated second degree program in nursing. Total enrollment is approximately 1,200 students.

John Ikenberry
Gilford John Ikenberry (October 5, 1954) is an American political scientist. He is the Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University. Known for his work on international relations theories, such as books After Victory (2001) and Liberal Leviathan (2011), he has been described as "the world's leading scholar of the liberal international order."
Felstead (horse)
Felstead (1925–1946) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. After failing to show any worthwhile form as a two-year-old he made exceptional improvement as a three-year-old  to win the 1928 Epsom Derby at odds of 33/1 in record time. Soon after his win at Epsom, Felstead was injured in training and never ran again. He later had some success as a stallion.

Carbine (horse)
Carbine (1885–1914) was a champion New Zealand-bred Thoroughbred racehorse who won 30 principal races in New Zealand and Australia. He was very popular with racing fans, and sporting commentators of the day praised him for his gameness, versatility, stamina and weight-carrying ability, as well as for his speed. He was one of five inaugural inductees into both the New Zealand Racing Hall of Fame and the Australian Racing Hall of Fame.
Siege of Lleida (1644)
Siege of Lleida took place between May – 30 July 1644 during the Reapers' War when a Spanish force under Felipe da Silva besieged and attacked the Franco-Catalan garrison of Lleida—after intense fighting the city finally surrendered on 30 July. Located between Aragon and Catalonia, once captured, the city's citadel served to support the Spanish troops' offensive eastwards towards Barcelona.

Philippe de La Mothe-Houdancourt, who failed to lift the Spanish siege was replaced by Henri de Lorraine, count of Harcourt. The Spanish took Balaguer in September and Agramunt in October. After the conquest of Roses, the frontline stabilized for a few years, until the Spanish Siege of Barcelona (1651).

Once the terms of surrender had been signed, King Philip IV, who had been on the scene since the early days of the siege, having the reviewed the troops stationed there on May 2, marched through the city on August 8.

Philippe de La Mothe-Houdancourt
Philippe, Comte de la Mothe-Houdancourt (1605 – 24 March 1657) was a Marshal of France, who served as Viceroy of Catalonia when it was occupied by France during the Franco-Spanish War.

In November 1644, he was accused of treason, and imprisoned for four years. On his release, he joined the 1648 uprising against the Crown known as the Fronde, but switched sides in 1651, and was re-appointed Viceroy of Catalonia. After failing to prevent the loss of Barcelona in 1652, he retired from active service, and died in 1657.
India's Raw Star
India's Raw Star is an Indian singing competition series created by Gajendra Singh of Saibaba Telefilms which began airing on Star Plus from 24 August 2014. It was hosted by model-actress and Bigg Boss 7 winner Gauahar Khan and mentored by singer-rapper Yo Yo Honey Singh. Rituraj Mohanty  won the first season on 30 November 2014 with Darshan Raval and Mohit Gaur finishing second and third respectively. The other contestants were Sagar Bhatia, Akasa Singh, pardeep singh sran etc. Mohan Rathore, winner of a Bhojpuri singing competition 'Sur Sangram' was also one of the contestants. Arjun Kapoor and Deepika Padukone made guest appearances in the show. India's Raw Star witnessed singers like Kailash Kher, Mohit Chauhan and Shaan perform in the final episode with finalists Rituraj, Mohit and Darshan. The finalists sang the final face off song composed by Sachin and Jigar on the occasion, while Arjun Kapoor, promoted his film Tevar.

Sagar Bhatia
Sagar Bhatia is an Indian Qawwali singer and composer based in Delhi, India. He is known for his renditions of popular tracks such as Kiven Mukhre Ton, Tere Jeya Hor Disda, and Je Tu Akhiyaan, as well as his original single Mera Ishq. His qawwali track Khudaya has been featured in the Akshay Kumar film Sarfira.
François Bouffier
François Bouffier (c. 1844–1881) was a French non-commissioned officer of the 19th century, a sergeant of the 8th Battalion of infantrymen. He was a member of the first French Military Mission to Japan in 1867, in which he accompanied Jules Brunet. He worked as an instructor for infantry in the army of the shōgun.

With the advent of the Boshin War, and the declaration of neutrality of foreign powers, Bouffier chose to resign from the French Army and continue the fight on the side of the Bakufu.

He participated to the Battle of Hakodate, in which he was head of one of the four Japanese regiments.

Bouffier chose to remain in Japan, and was buried at the Yokohama International cemetery in 1881. In the same cemetery were buried his two sons, Léon Célestin (1876–1877), and Auguste Louis (1873–1923).

French military mission to Japan (1867–1868)
The French military mission of 1867 to 1868 was one of the first foreign military training missions to Japan, and the first sent by France. The mission was formed by emperor Napoléon III following a request from the Tokugawa shogunate through its emissary to Europe, Shibata Takenaka, with the goal of modernizing the Japanese military.

Shibata was already negotiating the final details of the French support for the construction of the Yokosuka Shipyard, and had additionally requested both the United Kingdom and France to send a military mission for training in Western warfare. The United Kingdom provided support to the Bakufu naval forces through the Tracey Mission.  The French foreign minister Drouyn de Lhuys transmitted the agreement of the French government to provide training to the Shōgun's land-based armed forces.
Roy Babbington
Roy William Babbington (born 8 July 1940 in Kempston, Bedfordshire, England) is an English rock and jazz bassist. He became well known for being a member of the Canterbury scene progressive rock band Soft Machine.

Barbara Thompson (musician)
Barbara Gracey Thompson MBE (27 July 1944 – 9 July 2022) was an English jazz saxophonist, flautist and composer. She studied clarinet, flute, piano  and classical composition at the Royal College of Music, but the music of Duke Ellington and John Coltrane made her shift her interests to jazz and saxophone. She was married to drummer Jon Hiseman of Colosseum from 1967 until his death in 2018.
Caistor Rural District
Caistor was a rural district in Lincolnshire, Parts of Lindsey from 1894 to 1974.

It was formed by the Local Government Act 1894 from Caistor rural sanitary district.  It entirely surrounded, but did not include, the town of Market Rasen.

It was abolished in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, becoming part of the West Lindsey district.

Parts of Lindsey
The Parts of Lindsey are a traditional division of Lincolnshire, England, covering the northern part of the county.  The Isle of Axholme, which is on the west side of the River Trent, has normally formed part of it.  The district's name originated from the Kingdom of Lindsey of Anglo-Saxon times, whose territories were merged with that of Stamford to form Lincolnshire.

As with the other historic divisions of Lincolnshire, Lindsey is no longer a local government unit, although its name survives in that of two districts of the county council area Lincolnshire (East and West Lindsey), and it is still recognised as a geographical area.
Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Korea
The Central Military Commission of the Workers' Party of Korea (CMC) (Korean: 조선로동당 중앙군사위원회) is an organ of the Central Committee of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) which heads the Korean People's Army (KPA).

One of the CMC's primary functions is to authorize defense and munitions spending and product orders, and to determine how natural resources and products from military-controlled production units are earmarked and distributed domestically and for sale abroad. According to the WPK rules, the CMC directs WPK activities in the KPA and is chaired by the WPK General Secretary and the officeholder is also the Commander-in-Chief of North Korea. The CMC relies on a number of organizations to carry out its mandate, including the KPA General Political Bureau, the WPK Military Government Guidance Department, and the WPK Munitions Industry Department (aka Defense Industry Department).

Defense industry of North Korea
North Korea's defence industry predates the Korean War, but has emerged as a major supplier to the North Korean armed forces beginning in the 1970s, but increasingly so after the fall of the Soviet Union and to supplement those purchased from China. Most equipment produced are copies of Soviet and Chinese built military hardware.
Sage Karam
Sage Rennie Karam (born March 5, 1995) is an American professional auto racing driver. He competes part-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, driving the No. 55 Toyota GR Supra for Joey Gase Motorsports with Scott Osteen. He previously competed full-time and part-time in the IndyCar Series. He is the 2013 champion in what is now the Indy NXT Series.

Joey Gase Motorsports
Joey Gase Motorsports with Scott Osteen is an American stock car racing team that competes in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series. The team fields the No. 35 full-time and the No. 55 full-time for multiple drivers.

The team, originally Joey Gase Racing, was founded by NASCAR owner-driver Joey Gase in November 2021. Before the team attempted its first race under that name, NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour driver Patrick Emerling joined the team as a co-owner in December 2021 and the team was renamed Emerling-Gase Motorsports ahead of their first season in 2022.

On February 1, 2024, it was announced that Emerling would be splitting from Gase in 2024 and would go to SS-Green Light Racing to drive their No. 07 car for the majority of the 2024 NASCAR Xfinity Series season. On November 27, Floridian Motorsports owner Scott Osteen was announced as co-owner of the team.
MOATA
MOATA was a 100 kW thermal Argonaut class reactor built at the Australian Atomic Energy Commission (later ANSTO) Research Establishment at Lucas Heights, Sydney. MOATA went critical at 5:50am on 10 April 1961 and ended operations on 31 May 1995. MOATA was the first reactor to be decommissioned in Australia in 2009.

Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation
The Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO) is a statutory body of the Australian Government that is responsible for nuclear research and the production of radioisotopes for nuclear medicine. It operates a number of advanced research instruments, including the OPAL reactor and ANTARES particle accelerator. ANSTO’s headquarters and main research facilities are on the southern outskirts of Sydney in Lucas Heights, Sutherland Shire.
Rossel (Saar)
Rossel (French: Rosselle; German: Rossel) is a river flowing on the border of the department of Moselle (France) and Saarland (Germany). It rises in Longeville-les-Saint-Avold near the border of France and Germany and flows northwards into the Saar near Völklingen. Its course within France and on the French-German border is 32.8 km (20.4 mi) long.

Towns along the Rossel are:

in France: Longeville-lès-Saint-Avold, Boucheporn, Saint-Avold, Macheren, Betting, Hombourg-Haut, Freyming-Merlebach, Béning-lès-Saint-Avold, Cocheren, Rosbruck, Morsbach, Forbach, Petite-Rosselle

in Germany: Großrosseln, Völklingen and Saarbrücken

Hombourg-Haut
Hombourg-Haut (French pronunciation: [ɔ̃buʁ o]; German: Oberhomburg) is a commune located in the department of Moselle, region of Grand Est, in the cultural and historical region Lorraine, north-eastern France.

Hombourg-Haut is an old medieval fortress town, built in the thirteenth century by the bishops of Metz. The old village lies at the foot of the imposing collegiate church in a green and wooded landscape.

Nowadays, the city has several neighbourhoods: the old Hombourg, the old village of Hellering, urban areas with HLMs built in the 1950s-1960s and residential district. The inhabitants of the commune are known as Hombourgeois and Hombourgeoises.
Steyr Arms
Steyr Arms (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtaɪɐ] ⓘ) is a firearms manufacturer based in Austria. Originally part of Steyr-Daimler-Puch, it became independent when the conglomerate was broken up in 1989. Prior to 1 January 2019, the company was named Steyr Mannlicher GmbH Co. KG (German pronunciation: [ˈʃtaɪɐ ˈmanlɪçɐ ʔaːˈɡeː]). In April 2024, the company was acquired by Czech RSBC Holding a.s., which owns also Slovenian gun maker Arex Arms.

Ferdinand Mannlicher
Ferdinand Ritter von Mannlicher (January 30, 1848 – January 20, 1904) was an Austrian engineer and small arms designer. Along with James Paris Lee, Mannlicher was particularly noted for inventing the en-bloc clip charger-loading box magazine system. Later, while making improvements to other inventors' prototype designs for rotary-feed magazines, Mannlicher, together with his protégé Otto Schönauer, patented a perfected rotary magazine design, the Mannlicher–Schönauer rifle, which was a commercial and military success.
Biagi–DenBeste Racing
Biagi–DenBeste Racing, originally Biagi Brothers Racing, was an American professional stock car racing team that last competed in the NASCAR Xfinity Series in partnership with Stewart–Haas Racing. The team was based in Mooresville, North Carolina.

Kevin Swindell
Kevin Swindell (born February 21, 1989) is an American former racing driver and entrepreneur, who has competed in USAC and NASCAR competition. He has won 77 races in various dirt racing series including the Chili Bowl Nationals. Swindell is the son of three time World of Outlaws Sprint Car champion Sammy Swindell. Swindell owns and operates Swindell Speedlab, a clothing brand as well as Victory Fuel, a brand of flavored water.
Today on Earth
Today on Earth is an album by American jazz guitarist Joe Morris, which was recorded in 2009 and released on the AUM Fidelity label. It was the second recording after Beautiful Existence by his quartet with alto saxophonist Jim Hobbs, bassist Timo Shanko and drummer Luther Gray.

AUM Fidelity
AUM Fidelity is an independent record label in New York City primarily devoted to avant-garde jazz artists such as William Parker, Matthew Shipp, and David S. Ware. It has also released recordings by improvisational rock band Shrimp Boat and exclusively distributes the CaseQuarter and Riti labels. It was founded in 1997 by former Homestead Records label manager Steven Joerg.
KUPB
KUPB (channel 18) is a television station licensed to Midland, Texas, United States, serving the Permian Basin area as an affiliate of the Spanish-language network Univision. The station is owned by Entravision Communications, and has studios on Younger Road in Midland; its transmitter is located on University Boulevard in West Odessa.

Midland, Texas
Midland is a city in the U.S. state of Texas. It is the county seat of Midland County in West Texas, with small portions extending into Martin County. The population was 132,524 at the 2020 census. Located in the Permian Basin, Midland is a major center for American oil and natural gas production.

The Midland metropolitan area includes all of Midland County and had 169,983 residents at the 2020 census. The metropolitan area is part of the larger Midland–Odessa combined statistical area, which had a population of 340,391 in the 2020 census. Residents of Midland are referred to as "Midlanders".

Midland was founded as the midway point between Fort Worth and El Paso on the Texas and Pacific Railway in 1881. The city has many connections to the Bush family; it was the one-time home of former U.S. presidents George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush, and the hometown of former First Lady Laura Bush. The Bush Family Home State Historic Site is located in Midland.