hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Afrique 50
Afrique 50 [a.fʁik sɛ̃.kɑ̃t] is a 1950 French documentary film directed by René Vautier. The first French anti-colonialist film, the film derived from an assignment in which the director was to cover educational activities by the French League of Schooling in West Africa (in modern Mali and Ivory Coast). Vautier later filmed what he saw, a "lack of teachers and doctors, the crimes committed by the French Army in the name of France, the instrumentalization of the colonized peoples". For his role in the film Vautier was imprisoned over several months. The film was not permitted to be shown for more than 40 years.

René Vautier
René Vautier (French: [ʁəne votje]; 15 January 1928 – 4 January 2015) was a French film director. His films, which were often controversial with French authorities, addressed many issues, such as the Algerian War, French colonialism in Africa, pollution, racism, women's rights, and apartheid in South Africa. Many were banned or condemned, and one caused him to go to prison for a year.
Henno Sepmann
Henno Sepmann (12 February 1925 Tartu – 24 September 1985 Moscow) was an Estonian architect.

In 1952, he graduated from Tallinn Polytechnical Institute. Since 1952, he worked at the architectural bureau "Eesti Projekt". He was married to landscape architect Valve Pormeister.

Awards:

1973: Estonian SSR merited architect

Valve Pormeister
Valve Pormeister née Ulm (13 April 1922 – 27 October 2002) was an Estonian landscape architect who became an architect. She was one of the first women to influence the development of Estonian architecture, becoming one of the country's most inventive modernisers of rural architecture in the 1960s and 1970s. She is often known as the "Grand Old Lady" of Estonian architecture.
Stalin's shooting lists
Stalin's shooting lists (Russian: Ста́линские расстре́льные спи́ски) were the lists of extrajudicially accused persons submitted to the Military Collegium of the Supreme Court of the USSR, after the endorsement by Joseph Stalin and other members of the Politburo, for issuing a verdict, typically execution by shooting, either by an individual or a firing squad.

Official records put the total number of documented executions between 1937 and 1938 during the Soviet Great Purge at 681,692. Of these, around 44,000 had their sentences personally approved by Stalin or his closest aides, with Stalin's initials appearing on 357 of the lists.

The lists are currently held at the Archive of the President of the Russian Federation. They were published in March 2013.

Archive of the President of the Russian Federation
The Archive of the President of the Russian Federation (Russian: Архив Президента Российской Федерации) is a Russian state archive established in 1991 and managed by the Presidential Administration of Russia. It remains classified almost entirely and preserves records of the President of Russia and Presidential Administration of Russia, as well as documents of the highest organs of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Since 1994, Politburo files and files from the Additional Central Committee have been transferred to the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History.
Taronga Zoo
Taronga Zoo Sydney is a government-run public zoo located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, in the Lower North Shore suburb of Mosman, on the shores of Sydney Harbour. It offers great views of Sydney Harbour and the city. The opening hours are between 9:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. (May to August) and 9:30 am to 5:00 pm (September to April). Taronga is an Aboriginal word meaning "beautiful view".

It was officially opened on 7 October 1916. Taronga Zoo Sydney is managed by the Zoological Parks Board of New South Wales, under the trading name Taronga Conservation Society, along with its sister zoo, the Taronga Western Plains Zoo in Dubbo.

Divided into various zoogeographic regions, the 28-hectare (69-acre) Taronga Zoo Sydney is home to more than 5,000 animals of approximately 350 different species. It has a zoo shop, a cafe, and an information centre.

Regent honeyeater
The regent honeyeater (Anthochaera phrygia) is a critically endangered bird endemic to southeastern Australia. It is commonly considered a flagship species within its range, with the efforts going into its conservation having positive effects on many other species that share its habitat. Recent genetic research suggests it is closely related to the wattlebirds.
Marcus Aemilius Scaurus (praetor 56 BC)
Marcus Aemilius Scaurus (born c. 92 BC; fl. until 52 BC) was a Roman politician of the 1st century BC and son of Marcus Aemilius Scaurus and Caecilia Metella.

Initially a supporter of Pompey, Scaurus fought under his command during the Third Mithridatic War, and later governed Syria. Ascending the cursus honorum, he threw magnificent games while curule aedile and later served as praetor. Receiving as his province Sardinia, he was charged with extortion on his return to Rome but was successfully defended by many eminent senators. His bid for the consulship of 53 BC was unsuccessful; in 52 BC he was convicted of bribery during those elections and went into exile. His fall was perhaps due to his marriage with Mucia, a former wife of Pompey, with whom he fell out of favour as a result.

Aretas III
Aretas III (/ˈærɪtəs/; Nabataean Aramaic: 𐢊𐢛𐢞𐢞‎, romanized: Ḥārītaṯ; Ancient Greek: Αρέτας, romanized: Arétās) was king of the Nabataean kingdom from 87 to 62 BCE. Aretas ascended to the throne upon the death of his brother, Obodas I, in 87 BCE. During his reign, he extended his kingdom to cover what now forms the northern area of Jordan, the south of Syria, and part of Saudi Arabia. Probably the greatest of Aretas' conquests was that of Damascus, which secured his country's place as a serious political power of its time. Nabataea reached its greatest territorial extent under Aretas' leadership. Like his predecessors, the king's name as transcribed in Arabic is الحارث‎, Al-Ḥāriṯ, or الحارثة‎, Al-Ḥāriṯa, stemming from Harith which means "the collector, provider; plowman; cultivator".
Besnate railway station
Besnate railway station (Italian: Stazione di Besnate) is a railway station in the comune of Besnate, in the Italian region of Lombardy. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Luino–Milan line of Rete Ferroviaria Italiana.

Luino–Milan railway
Luino–Milan railway is a railway line in Lombardy, Italy. It uses the tracks of the Milan–Arona railway until Gallarate.

The railway line was opened on 17 March 1884, to provide, together with the Luino–Oleggio railway, a second access to the Gotthard railway.
Unbreakable (Fireflight album)
Unbreakable is the third full-length studio album released by Christian rock band Fireflight, but second full-length to be released on Flicker Records. The album was released on March 4, 2008, on Flicker Records.

Fireflight
Fireflight is an American Christian rock band formed in Eustis, Florida, in 1999. The band was signed by Flicker Records.

The band currently consists of vocalist Dawn Michele, Glenn and Wendy Drennen, guitarist and bassist respectively, and guitarist Justin Cox (who left in 2013 but rejoined in 2019). They have released seven studio albums and have played in tours, including ShoutFest, Revelation Generation and Winter Jam. The band has also been featured on the Scars Remain tour with Disciple, Family Force 5, and Decyfer Down. Their fourth full-length album For Those Who Wait (2010) was nominated in the 2011 Grammy Awards.

Their most recent album, Who We Are: The Head and the Heart, was released in October 2020.
North Brisbane Rugby Club
North Brisbane Rugby Club or Norths is an Australian rugby union club. The club plays in the Queensland Premier Rugby competition, and fields teams for males and females in several other grades and age-group competitions.

North Brisbane has undergone several mergers and name changes since being founded in 1933 as the Teachers Rugby Club. The club has won two Premierships; in 1963 (as Teachers), and in 1976 (as Teachers-Norths).

Michael O'Connor (rugby)
Michael David O'Connor (born 30 November 1960) is an Australian former rugby league and rugby union footballer who represented Australia in both codes. He played for the Wallabies in 13 Tests from 1979 to 1982 and then the Kangaroos in 17 Tests from 1985 to 1990. O'Connor played club football in the NSWRL Premiership for the St. George Dragons from 1983 until 1986, and later the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles from 1987 until his retirement at the end of 1992, becoming captain of Manly in 1990, as well as winning the 1987 Winfield Cup with the Sea Eagles.
Rancho de la Parita, Texas
Rancho de la Parita is a small unincorporated community in northwestern Jim Wells County, Texas, United States, west of Owl Ranch-Amargosa.  It lies at 28°1′10″N 98°13′9″W﻿ / ﻿28.01944°N 98.21917°W﻿ / 28.01944; -98.21917 (28.0194596, -98.2191730), at an elevation of 351 feet (107 m). Rancho de la Parita appears on the Anna Rose U.S. Geological Survey Map.

Jim Wells County, Texas
Jim Wells County is a county  in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 38,891. Its county seat is Alice. The county was founded in 1911 and is named for James B. Wells Jr. (1850–1923), for three decades a judge and Democratic Party political boss in South Texas.

Jim Wells County comprises the Alice, Texas micropolitan statistical area, which is included in the Corpus Christi-Kingsville-Alice combined statistical area.
Egypt Exploration Society
The Egypt Exploration Society (EES) is a British non-profit organisation founded in 1882 for the purpose of supporting and promoting Egyptian cultural heritage. It was founded by novelist and travel writer Amelia Edwards with support from Curator of Coins and Medal, Reginald Stuart Poole. It has offices in London and Cairo, and is a registered charity.

The Society has worked at many archaeological sites across the northern Nile valley and delta including Deir el-Bahri, Tanis, Abydos, and Amarna. The results of its work have been shared in more than 350 scientific publications and artefacts from their excavations can be seen in museums around the world.

Dirk Obbink
Dirk D. Obbink (born 13 January 1957 in Lincoln, Nebraska) is an American papyrologist and classicist. He was Lecturer in Papyrology and Greek Literature in the Faculty of Classics at Oxford University until 6 February 2021, and was the head of the Oxyrhynchus Papyri Project until August 2016. Obbink was also a fellow and tutor in Greek at Christ Church Oxford, from which role he was suspended in October 2019, as a result of allegations that he had stolen some of the Oxyrhynchus papyri and sold them to the Museum of the Bible.
Karim Hussain
Karim Hussain (born July 16, 1975) is a Canadian filmmaker and cinematographer.  As a director he is best known for his 2000 film Subconscious Cruelty, and as co-writer of Nacho Cerdà's The Abandoned. In 2006, he adapted French-Canadian writer Marie-Claire Blais' work, La Belle Bête. For it, he won the Director's Award at the Boston Underground Film Festival.

A native of Ottawa, Ontario, he is the son of writer Nancy Vickers.

Nancy Vickers (writer)
Nancy Vickers (born 1946) is a Canadian writer based in Ottawa, Ontario. She is most noted as winner of the 1997 Trillium Book Award, French for her novel Le Pied de Sappho.

Born and raised in Arvida, Quebec, she has lived in Ottawa since 1967. She published her first poetry collection, Au parfum du sommeil, in 1989.

She was also a Trillium nominee in 2009 for Aeterna: Le jardin des immortelles and in 2023 for Capharnaum, and has been a two-time Ottawa Book Award winner for La Petite Vieille aux poupées in 2003 and Capharnaum in 2023.

She is the mother of filmmaker Karim Hussain.
Devlet I Giray
Devlet I Giray (1512–1577, r. 1551–1577, Crimean Tatar: I Devlet Geray, دولت كراى; Taht Alğan Devlet Geray, تخت آلغان دولت كراى) was Khan of Crimea from 1551 to 1577. Events during his reign included the fall of Kazan to Russia in 1552, the fall of the Astrakhan Khanate to Russia in 1556, and the burning of Moscow by the Crimean Tatars in 1571. Another notable event was the defeat of the Crimeans near Moscow in 1572. Cossack raids into the Crimea were also common during his reign.

Fire of Moscow (1571)
The Fire of Moscow occurred on 24 May 1571, when the Crimean  and Ottoman army (approx. 40,000 Tatar horsemen, 13,000 irregular Turks and 7,000 janissaries) led by the khan of Crimea Devlet I Giray, together with its allied tribal contingents bypassed the Serpukhov defensive fortifications on the Oka River, crossed the Ugra River into the Moscow suburbs, and rounded the flank of the 36,000–40,000 men of the Russian army.
Chunk of Change
Chunk of Change is the debut extended play (EP) by American electropop band Passion Pit, released on September 16, 2008, by Frenchkiss Records and Columbia Records. A video for the single "Sleepyhead" was released in October 2008, directed by The Wilderness. The track was featured in the debut trailer for the 2011 video game LittleBigPlanet 2. "Better Things" was sampled by the alternative hip hop duo Chiddy Bang for their 2009 song "Truth".

Truth (Chiddy Bang song)
"Truth" is the second single released from American band Chiddy Bang. It was released in the United Kingdom on 17 May 2010 as a Digital Download and the CD Single was released the next day. The single samples Passion Pit's "Better Things" from the Chunk of Change EP that was released in 2008.
Forsskaolea tenacissima
Forsskaolea tenacissima is a member of the non-stinging nettles genus Forsskaolea  and is in the same family as the stinging kind, Urticaceae.  Described as "looking like a tough character that does not want or need a caress", F. tenacissima makes its home where not many plant species survive, in stony soils, road edges, in the gravel wadi
and "in the rock crevices and water-receiving depressions" above the stone pavements of the Hamadas.

Forsskaolea tenacissima was named in mourning of a student of Carl Linnaeus, a Swede named Peter Forsskål, who died while gathering botanical and zoological specimens from the Arabia Felix. Linnaeus named this plant Forsskaolea tenacissima because the plant was as stubborn and persistent as the student had been.

Peter Forsskål
Peter Forsskål, sometimes spelled Pehr Forsskål, Peter Forskaol, Petrus Forskål or Pehr Forsskåhl (11 January 1732 – 11 July 1763) was a Swedish explorer, orientalist, naturalist, and an apostle of Carl Linnaeus.
Siddharth Ray
Siddharth Ray (born Sushant Ray; 19 July 1963 — 8 March 2004) was an actor in Hindi and Marathi films. He also appeared in a few south Indian films. He was the grandson of filmmaker V. Shantaram and maternal cousin of Durga Jasraj.

Pehchaan (1993 film)
Pehchaan (transl. Recognition) is a 1993 Indian Hindi-language action drama film directed by Deepak Shivdasani and co-produced by A.K. Abdul and Jeevat A.T. The film stars Sunil Shetty, Saif Ali Khan, Shilpa Shirodkar, Madhoo in pivotal roles.
Sanctuary of Leopold Mandic
45°23′34.58″N 11°52′12.23″E﻿ / ﻿45.3929389°N 11.8700639°E﻿ / 45.3929389; 11.8700639

The Sanctuary of Leopold Mandić is a Roman Catholic church located on Piazzale Santa Croce of Padua, region of Veneto, Italy; the church is now dedicated to the saint, who served as a Capuchin friar and priest in this church, and was canonized in 1983.

A church at the site had been built by the Capuchin order in the early 19th-century but was destroyed by bombardment during the Second World War. It was rebuilt using designs of the architect Giovanni Morassuti. Putatively the only structure surviving the bombing was the original confessional booth of Leopold Mandić, who had died in the midst of the war in 1942.

Leopold Mandić
Leopold Bogdan Mandić [Mandich], OFMCap (also known as Leopold of Castelnuovo, Italian: Leopoldo da Castelnuovo; 12 May 1866 – 30 July 1942) was a Croatian Capuchin friar and Catholic priest, who suffered from disabilities that would plague his speech and stature. He developed tremendous spiritual strength in spite of his disabilities and became extremely popular in his ministry as a confessor, often spending 12–15 hours in the confessional.

Although Mandić wanted to be a missionary in Eastern Europe, he spent almost all his adult life in Italy, living in Padua from 1906 until his death. He also spent one year in an Italian prison during World War I, since he would not renounce his Croatian nationality. He dreamed unceasingly about reuniting the Catholic and Orthodox churches and going to the Orient. He became known as an Apostle of Confession and an Apostle of Unity.
Women's rights
Women's rights are the rights and entitlements claimed for women and girls worldwide. They formed the basis for the women's rights movement in the 19th century and the feminist movements during the 20th and 21st centuries. In some countries, these rights are institutionalized or supported by law, local custom, and behavior, whereas in others, they are ignored and suppressed. They differ from broader notions of human rights through claims of an inherent historical and traditional bias against the exercise of rights by women and girls, in favor of men and boys.

Issues commonly associated with notions of women's rights include the right to bodily integrity and autonomy, to be free from sexual violence, to vote, to hold public office, to enter into legal contracts, to have equal rights in family law, to work, to fair wages or equal pay, to have reproductive rights, to own property, and to education.

International Council of Women
The International Council of Women (ICW) is a women's organization working across national boundaries for the common cause of advocating human rights for women. In March and April 1888, women leaders came together in Washington D.C., with 80 speakers and 49 delegates representing 53 women's organizations from 9 countries: Canada, the United States, Ireland, India, United Kingdom, Finland, Denmark, France and Norway.  Women from professional organizations, trade unions, arts groups and benevolent societies participate. National councils are affiliated to the ICW and thus make themselves heard at the international level.  The ICW enjoys consultative status with the United Nations and its Permanent Representatives to ECOSOC, ILO, FAO, WHO, UNDP, UNEP, UNESCO, UNICEF, UNCTAD, and UNIDO.
Bernard O'Shea
Bernard O'Shea is an Irish comedian from Durrow, County Laois, Ireland. He co-hosted RTÉ 2FM's Breakfast Republic with Jennifer Zamparelli and Keith Walsh. He made his name on the satirical sketch TV show Republic of Telly.

O'Shea started in entertainment at an early age, playing traditional Irish music and touring Europe with several groups. At college he studied theatre and starred in several theatrical productions. He worked in the National Theatre of Ireland, the Abbey Theatre. He won the Harp Newcomer Comedy Award in 2000 and performed in the BBC Newcomer Awards the same year. He was chosen to perform in the Montreal Just for Laughs comedy festival in 2005 and also The Kilkenny Cat Laughs festival in 2005 and 2006. He wrote TJ and TJ sketches on Today FM.

Breakfast Republic
Breakfast Republic was the Irish national broadcaster RTÉ 2fm's breakfast radio show. It was presented by Keith Walsh and comedians Jennifer Zamparelli and Bernard O'Shea, from 6–10am weekdays. It first aired on 17 February 2014. Regular features include Jen's Bits, where Zamparelli offers dry or caustic views on members of the celebrity world, and Smarty Pants, where Bernard regularly pretends to be less intelligent than he actually is.

O'Shea and Zamparelli have wide experience in television, notably as part of the similarly toned "Republic of Telly". 2015 polls indicate the show's popularity with a rise in listenership of 10,000, bringing the average to 109,000.
Blank Slate (manga)
Blank Slate (Japanese: 悪性 －アクサガ－, Hepburn: Akusaga) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Aya Kanno. It was serialized in Hakusensha's shōjo manga magazine Bessatsu Hana to Yume, ending in the March 2006 issue on January 26, 2006. The individual chapters were collected into two bound volumes, which were published by Hakusensha on September 16, 2005, and June 19, 2006. Blank Slate was licensed in English by Viz Media, who released the manga's two volumes on October 7, 2008, and December 2, 2008, with the e-book versions released on January 29, 2013, and February 12, 2013, respectively. The manga has also been localized in France by Delcourt and in Taiwan by Ever Glory Publishing.

Viz Media
Viz Media, LLC is an American entertainment company, focused on publishing manga, and distributing and licensing Japanese anime, films, and television series.

The company was founded in 1986 as Viz, LLC. In 2005, Viz and ShoPro Entertainment merged to form the current Viz Media, which is owned by Japanese publishing conglomerates Shueisha and Shogakukan, as well as Japanese production company Shogakukan-Shueisha Productions (ShoPro). In 2017, Viz Media was the largest publisher of graphic novels in the United States in the bookstore market, with a 23% share of the market.
Baby the Rain Must Fall (song)
"Baby the Rain Must Fall" is a song written by Elmer Bernstein and Ernie Sheldon and performed by Glenn Yarbrough after he left the Limeliters for a solo career. In early 1965, the track reached No.2 on the adult contemporary chart and No.12 on the Billboard chart. It also reached No.3 in South Africa.

It is the title song of the movie, Baby the Rain Must Fall and is heard during the opening credits.

Yarbrough put it up front on his 1965 album, Baby the Rain Must Fall, which was recorded at RCA Victor's Music Center of the World in Hollywood, California.

The arrangement was by Bread lead singer David Gates. Earl Palmer played drums.

David Gates
David Ashworth Gates (born December 11, 1940) is a retired American singer-songwriter, musician and producer, who is best known for being the frontman and co-lead singer (with Jimmy Griffin) of the group Bread, which reached the top of the musical charts in Europe and North America on several occasions in the 1970s. The band was inducted into the Vocal Group Hall of Fame.
Back When
"Back When" is a song written by Stan Lynch, Stephony Smith, and Jeff Stevens and recorded by American country music singer Tim McGraw.  It was released in August 2004 as the second single from McGraw's 2004 album Live Like You Were Dying.  The song reached number one on U.S. the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart in December 2004 and peaked at number 30 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Live Like You Were Dying
Live Like You Were Dying is the eighth studio album by American country music artist Tim McGraw. It was released on August 24, 2004, by Curb Records. It was recorded in a mountaintop studio in upstate New York. It entered the Billboard 200 chart at number one, with sales of 766,000 copies in its first week. The album was certified 4× Platinum by the RIAA for shipping four million copies, and was nominated for Best Country Album at the 47th Annual Grammy Awards. That same year at the Grammys, the title track from Live Like You Were Dying was nominated for Song of the Year and won in the categories Best Country Song and Best Male Country Vocal Performance. Five singles were released from the album, all were top 15 hits on the Hot Country Songs chart, two of which hit #1.
Siegmund Klein
Siegmund Klein (April 10, 1902 – May 24, 1987) was a German-American strongman, bodybuilder, magazine publisher, and gymnasium owner prominent in physical culture. He was inducted into the IFBB Hall of Fame in 2006.

Strongman
Strongman is a competitive strength sport that tests athletes' physical strength and endurance through a variety of heavy lifts and events. Strongman competitions are known for their intensity, pushing athletes to their physical and mental limits. In modern strongman, athletes compete to score points based on their relative position in an event. An athlete who engages in the sport of strongman is also called a 'strongman'. They are often regarded as some of the strongest men of the world.