hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mugulü
Mugulü (Chinese: 木骨閭; pinyin: Mùgǔlǘ) was a legendary warrior and chieftain in the Mongolian Plateau during the period when it was under the rule of tribes and peoples originating from the fragmentation of the failed and crumbling Xianbei confederation. The term "Mongol" is a likely derivation from his name.

Dai (Sixteen Kingdoms)
Dai, also rendered as Tai and sometimes known in historiography as the Tuoba Dai (Chinese: 拓跋代), was a dynastic state of China ruled by the Tuoba clan of Xianbei descent, during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms (although it is not listed as one of the 16). It existed from AD 310 to 376, with its capital at Shengle (near modern Horinger County of Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China).

The name "Dai" originated when Tuoba Yilu was appointed the Duke of Dai (代公) by the Western Jin dynasty in 310, as a reward for helping Liu Kun, the Governor of Bingzhou (并州), fight against the Han-Zhao dynasty. The fief was later promoted from a duchy to a principality in 315. Dai was conquered in 376 by the Former Qin dynasty, and its descendants later established the Northern Wei dynasty in 386.
Black Cat Mansion
Black Cat Mansion (Japanese: 亡霊怪猫屋敷, Hepburn: Bōrei kaibyō yashiki; lit. Mansion of the Ghost Cat) is a 1958 Japanese supernatural horror film directed by Nobuo Nakagawa for Shintoho. The film is presented in a nonlinear narrative, taking place in the characters' present and past (which are filmed in blue-tinted black-and-white), and in the distant past (filmed in color). It is one of several Japanese "ghost cat" films (kaibyō eiga), featuring a cat-like supernatural entity.

Black Cat Mansion was released in Japan in 1958. It was not dubbed in English, nor was it shown theatrically in the United States.

Kaibyō
Kaibyō (怪猫, "strange cat") are supernatural cats in Japanese folklore. Examples include bakeneko, a yōkai (or supernatural entity) commonly characterized as having the ability to shapeshift into human form; maneki-neko, usually depicted as a figurine often believed to bring good luck to the owner; and nekomata, referring either to a type of yōkai that lives in mountain areas or domestic cats that have grown old and transformed into yōkai.

The reason that cats are often depicted as yōkai in Japanese mythology can be attributed to many of their characteristics: for example, the irises of their eyes change shape depending on the time of day; their fur can seem to cause sparks when they are petted (due to static electricity); they sometimes lick blood; they can walk without making audible sounds; their sharp claws and teeth; their nocturnal habits; and their speed and agility.
Alabama Crimson Tide golf
The Alabama Crimson Tide golf teams represent the University of Alabama located in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, and compete in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I and the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The Crimson Tide currently has two of the best teams in the country with the men and women consistently ranked inside the top 5 by Golfweek.

Justin Thomas
Justin Louis Thomas (born April 29, 1993) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour and is a former world number one. In 2017, Thomas experienced a breakout year, winning five PGA Tour events and the FedEx Cup championship.  He has won two major golf championships, winning the PGA Championship in 2017 and 2022.

In May 2018, Thomas became the 21st player to top the Official World Golf Ranking. After winning his second major, Thomas struggled in 2023 and 2024, falling outside the top 30 in the world for the first time in over seven years. In 2025, Thomas returned to the winner's circle for the first time in nearly three years, winning the RBC Heritage and returning to the top 10 in the OWGR.
Our Neighbor, Miss Yae
Our Neighbor, Miss Yae (隣の八重ちゃん, Tonari no Yae-chan) is a 1934 Japanese comedy-drama film written and directed by Yasujirō Shimazu. It is regarded as one of Shimazu's major films, and a representative work of the shōshimin-eiga ("lower middle class film") genre.

Shoshimin-eiga
Shōshimin-eiga (小市民 映画), literally "petty bourgeois film" or "lower middle class film", is a genre of Japanese realist films which focus on the everyday lives of ordinary or middle class people. An alternate term for the shōshimin-eiga is the pseudo-Japanese word shomin-geki, literally "common people drama", which had been invented by Western film scholars. The term shōshimin-eiga as a definition of a specifically Japanese film genre presumably first appeared in 1932 in articles by critics Yoshio Ikeda and Ichiro Ueno.
Mount Kongō
Mount Kongō (金剛山, Kongō-san) is a 1,125-metre-high (3,691 ft) mountain in the Kongō Range in the Kawachi region of Osaka Prefecture, Kansai, Japan.  It is near Mount Yamato Katsuragi.

The mountain has lent its name to a series of naval ships and ship classes: the Imperial Japanese Navy's 1877 ironclad Kongō; the 1912 battleship Kongō, the name ship of her class; and the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force's current destroyer Kongō (DDG-173), also the name ship of her class.

Kongō-class destroyer
The Kongō class (こんごう型護衛艦, Kongō-gata Goeikan) of guided-missile destroyers in the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force are equipped with the Aegis Combat System, and is the first of few ship classes outside the United States to have that capability. Following a decision made in December 2003, Japan is upgrading their Kongo-class destroyers with Aegis Ballistic Missile Defense System. The upgrade involves a series of installations and flight tests to take place from 2007 to 2010. JS Kongo was the first ship to have the BMD upgrade installed.
Anna Nagar railway station
Anna Nagar railway station (station code: ANNG) is one of the two, now defunct, railway stations of the extended southern arm of the Chennai Central–Arakkonam section of the Chennai Suburban Railway Network, the other being Padi railway station. It served the neighbourhood of Anna Nagar, a suburb of Chennai. The station is located on Thirumangalam road, a road that connects Anna Nagar West with Villivakkam, near New Avadi Road, away from the commercial centre of the neighbourhood. An NSG–6 category Indian railway station in Chennai railway division of Southern Railway zone, it is being maintained by the Integral Coach Factory (ICF), the premier production unit of the Indian railways. now this railway station is completely demolished in 2019 and converted into a Railway Yard for long distance trains.

Chennai railway division
Chennai railway division is one of the six railway divisions under the jurisdiction of Southern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. Chennai Division was formed on 31 August 1956 . Currently, it has a route length of over 697.93 km and  track length of 1934.68 km. Its administrative headquarters is in Chennai, which also happens to be the headquarters of the Southern Railway.
Dąbrówki, Podlaskie Voivodeship
Dąbrówki (Polish pronunciation: [dɔmˈbrufkʲi]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wasilków, within Białystok County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

Alleyway in Dąbrówki

Gmina Wasilków
Wasilków commune is an urban-rural commune (administrative district) in Białystok County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the Wasilków town, which lies approximately 3 km (1.9 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.Wasilków commune is located on the Supraśl River, surrounded by the forests of the Knyszyn Forest.

The commune covers an area of 127.17 square kilometres (49.1 sq mi), and as of 2024 its total population is 21 299 (out of which the population of Wasilków amounts to 12 831, and the population of the rural part of the commune is 8 468).
Earl A. Thompson
Earl Avery Thompson (July 1, 1891 – April 20, 1967) was an American engineer and inventor who had a goal to make driving the automobile safer by reducing the effort required to shift the manual transmission of the day. Thompson even wanted to automate the process of shifting the transmission.

Hydramatic
Hydramatic (also known as Hydra-Matic) is an automatic transmission developed by General Motors Corporation's Oldsmobile Division. The Hydramatic was the first mass-produced fully automatic transmission developed for passenger automobile use. The Hydra-Matic transmission was introduced by Oldsmobile in 1939 for the 1940 model year, one year before Cadillac.
Aleson Shipping Lines
Aleson Shipping Lines, Inc. is a shipping company based in Zamboanga City, Philippines. Their services include routes to Sandakan, Malaysia and over Dapitan to Dumaguete. They also ship cargo from Zamboanga City to Manila with 12 of their container carriers.

Sinking of MV Trisha Kerstin 3
On January 26, 2026, the roll-on/roll-off passenger ferry MV Trisha Kerstin 3 sank near Basilan province in the Bangsamoro region of the southern Philippines, leaving at least 65 people dead and between 14 to 20 others missing after it was revealed that multiple passengers were not listed in the ship's manifest. Another 293 were rescued.
1936–37 Allsvenskan (men's handball)
The 1936–37 Allsvenskan was the third season of the top division of Swedish handball. Seven teams competed in the league. Stockholms-Flottans IF won the league, but the title of Swedish Champions was awarded to the winner of Svenska mästerskapet. IFK Kristianstad were relegated.

1936–37 Svenska mästerskapet (men's handball)
The 1936–37 Svenska mästerskapet was the sixth season of Svenska mästerskapet, a tournament held to determine the Swedish Champions of men's handball. Teams qualified by winning their respective District Championships. 17 teams competed in the tournament. SoIK Hellas were the defending champions, and won their second title, defeating Redbergslids IK in the final. The final was played on 4 April in Alvikshallen in Stockholm, and was watched by 2,101 spectators.
Edward Wilmot Blyden III
Edward Wilmot Blyden III (19 May 1918 – 10 October 2010) was a diplomat, political scientist and educator born in Freetown Sierra Leone Protectorate. He distinguished himself as an educator and contributor to post-colonial discourse on African self-government, and Third World non-alignment. He was the grandson of Edward Wilmot Blyden.

Fourah Bay College
Fourah Bay College is a public university in the neighbourhood of Mount Aureol in Freetown, Sierra Leone. Founded on 18 February 1827,  it is the first western-style university built in Sub-Saharan Africa and, furthermore, the first university-level institution in Africa. It is a constituent college of the University of Sierra Leone (USL) and was formerly affiliated with Durham University (1876–1967).
Long-billed crombec
The long-billed crombec or Cape crombec (Sylvietta rufescens) is an African warbler.

The long-billed crombec breeds in southern Africa from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Zambia and Tanzania southwards to South Africa.

This is a common species in fynbos, open woodland, savannah and dry Acacia scrub.

Macrosphenidae
The African warblers are a newly erected family Macrosphenidae, of African songbirds. Most of the species were formerly placed in the Old World warbler family Sylviidae, although one species, the rockrunner, was placed in the babbler family, Timaliidae. A series of molecular studies of the Old World warblers and other bird families in the superfamily  Sylvioidea (which includes the larks, swallows and tits) found that the African warblers were not part of Sylviidae but were instead an early (basal) offshoot of the entire clade Sylvioidea. Some taxonomic authorities place the entire family Hyliidae here.
Infinite compositions of analytic functions
In mathematics, infinite compositions of analytic functions (ICAF) offer alternative formulations of analytic continued fractions, series, products and other infinite expansions, and the theory evolving from such compositions may shed light on the convergence/divergence of these expansions. Some functions can actually be expanded directly as infinite compositions. In addition, it is possible to use ICAF to evaluate solutions of fixed point equations involving infinite expansions. Complex dynamics offers another venue for iteration of systems of functions rather than a single function. For infinite compositions of a single function see Iterated function. For compositions of a finite number of functions, useful in fractal theory, see Iterated function system.

Although the title of this article specifies analytic functions, there are results for more general functions of a complex variable as well.

Function composition
In mathematics, the composition operator  takes two functions,  and , and returns a new function .  When the composite function  (pronounced " of ") is evaluated at an input , the result is . That is, the function  is applied after applying  to .

The composition of functions is a special case of the composition of relations, sometimes also denoted by . As a result, all properties of composition of relations are true of composition of functions, such as associativity.
2001 Castel by-election
The 2001 Castel by-election was held in the States of Guernsey district of Castel on 21 March 2001, following the resignation of deputy David John Nussbaumer due to other time commitments and frustrations with the current government. Medical doctor Hunter Adam was elected with 27.51% of the vote, defeating Pat Wisher and five other candidates.

There were two polling stations at Castel Douzaine Room and Beaucamp Road.

Castel, Guernsey
Castel /kætel/ (Guernésiais: Lé Casté; French: Sainte-Marie-du-Câtel) is the largest parish in Guernsey in terms of area.

The parish has clear evidence of changes in ancient sea-levels, with trunks of an oak forest visible on Vazon beach at very low tide and at 8 m (26 ft) above sea level an ancient beach.: 139

The old Guernésiais nickname for people from Castel was ânes pur sàng.

The parish plays host to both Le Viaër Marchi and the North Show which includes the Battle of Flowers annually. It also produces a regular magazine called Castel Matters.

The postal code for street addresses in this parish begins with GY5.
Geoffrey Smith (radio presenter)
Geoffrey Smith (born 1943, Michigan) is a British-based American radio presenter, author and former jazz percussionist. Smith was the regular presenter of BBC Radio 3's Jazz Record Requests for over twenty years and has also presented other programmes on the network.

Stéphane Grappelli
Stéphane Grappelli (French pronunciation: [stefan ɡʁapɛli]; 26 January 1908 – 1 December 1997) was a French jazz violinist. He is best known as a founder of the Quintette du Hot Club de France with guitarist Django Reinhardt in 1934. It was one of the first all-string jazz bands. He has been called "the grandfather of jazz violinists" and continued playing concerts around the world well into his eighties.

For the first three decades of his career, he was billed using a gallicised spelling of his last name, Grappelly, reverting to the Italian spelling Grappelli in 1969. The latter is used when referring to the violinist, including reissues of his early work.
Pahia
Pahia is a small rural locality in coastal Southland, New Zealand, not to be confused with the North Island tourist resort of Paihia. Surrounding areas include Ruahine, Wakapatu, Round Hill, Colac Bay and Orepuki. The main road, Orepuki-Riverton Hwy (section of State Highway 99), runs through it. Pahia is 15 minutes from Riverton, 20 minutes from Tuatapere and 45 minutes from Invercargill.

State Highway 99 (New Zealand)
State Highway 99 (SH 99) is a New Zealand state highway which runs along the southern coastline of the South Island connecting the settlements of Clifden and Lorneville, near Invercargill, via the major town of Riverton in the Southland region. The road is important both as a freight route, especially for logging and agricultural purposes, and as a tourist route; the entire length of the highway is part of the Southern Scenic Route as it provides access to southern parts of Fiordland National Park.
Westwind 24
The Westwind 24, also called the Paceship P 24, is a keelboat designed as a heavy displacement coastal cruiser.

First built in 1966 by Paceship Yachts in Mahone Bay, Canada, it is now out of production.

Paceship Yachts
Paceship Yachts Limited was a Canadian, and later American, boat builder originally based in Mahone Bay, Nova Scotia. The company was founded in 1962 and specialized in the design and manufacture of fiberglass sailboats.
Luangpho Uttama
Luangpho Ajahn Tala Uttama ( Thai: หลวงพ่ออุตตมะ, Burmese: ဦးဥတ္တမ [ú oʊʔtəma̰]; Chinese: 龙婆乌达玛, alternatively spelt Luongphaw Ajar Tala Uttama, March 1910 in Mawkanin, Myanmar – 18 October 2006 in Bangkok, Thailand), was a Mon Buddhist monk. He was originally a Burmese citizen and later fled to Thailand and became one of Thailand's most admired and revered persons.

Mawkanin
Mawkanin (Burmese: မော့ကနင်; Mon: ကွာန်တၟံကၞေၚ်; also known as Ta Maw Kanin) is a large village in Ye Township in Mawlamyine District in the Mon State of southern Myanmar. Mawkanin is on the coastal plain, about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) east of the town of Lamaing and about 18 miles (29 km) north of Ye.
Lime Village, Alaska
Lime (Tanaina: Hek'dichen Hdakaq') is a census-designated place (CDP) in Bethel Census Area, Alaska, United States. The 2020 census found a population of 13, down from 29 in 2010. It has also been known as Hungry Village.

In July 2008, Lime Village gained notoriety  when it was reported that their gasoline prices were more than double of the already-high national average of over $4/gallon with Lime Village selling regular unleaded gasoline at $8.55/gallon. The high prices were considered ironic considering that Alaska is one of the main suppliers of oil in the United States, but have the highest state average due to scattered villages throughout Alaska such as Lime Village making it difficult to transport oil and other goods.

Bethel Census Area, Alaska
Bethel Census Area is a census area in the U.S. state of Alaska. As of the 2020 census, the population is 18,666, up from 17,013 in 2010. It is part of the unorganized borough and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest community is the city of Bethel, which is also the largest city in the unorganized borough.
Ladies Whose Bright Eyes
Ladies Whose Bright Eyes is a novel by Ford Madox Ford.  It was written in 1911 and extensively revised in 1935. The first edition was published as by "Ford Madox Hueffer", the form of his name he used at that time. The revised edition was published as by "Ford Madox Ford", the name he adopted after World War I.

Although it has a time travel theme of a sort, is usually classed as mainstream literature rather than science fiction. As its author explicitly stated, " (...)The idea of this book was suggested to me by Mark Twain's A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court. It occurred to me to wonder what would really happen to a modern man thrown back to the Middle Ages...". It has also been suggested that Ford's attempt to divorce his wife, Elsie Martindale Hueffer and marry Violet Hunt lies behind the novel's time-travelling theme.

Elsie M. Hueffer
Elsie Martindale Hueffer (28 September 1876 – 29 January 1949) was an early translator of Guy de Maupassant's short stories into English. She was married to the novelist and poet Ford Madox Ford (1873–1939).
Sano, Tochigi
Sano (佐野市, Sano-shi) is a city located in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 August 2020,  the city had an estimated population of 117,669, in 52,066 households  and a population density of 330 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 356.04 square kilometres (137.47 sq mi). The city is known for its outlet mall, Sano Yakuyoke Daishi Temple, and its local variety of ramen, Sano ramen. More recently, Sano has gained international recognition for being the home of cricket in Japan.

Shōzō Tanaka
Shōzō Tanaka (田中 正造, Tanaka Shōzō; 15 December 1841 – 4 September 1913) was a Japanese politician and social activist, and is considered to be Japan's first conservationist. Tanaka was politically active in the Meiji Restoration and leader in the Freedom and Popular Rights Movement. In Japan's first general election of 1890, he was elected to the House of Representatives as a member of the Rikken Kaishintō, a liberal political party. He is most well known for his advocacy of rural residents around the Watarase River whose health and livelihoods were negatively affected by pollution from the Ashio Copper Mine in the 1880s. Tanaka also contributed to philosophical thought on nature in the early Meiji era.
William B. Henderson
William B. Henderson was an African American farmer, and Republican state legislator in North Carolina. He lived in Middleburg, North Carolina.

In 1892, he was elected to the North Carolina House of Representatives, but John P. Leach and the Democrats unseated him and several other Republicans. He represented Vance County in the North Carolina Senate in 1897.

In 1898, North Carolina Governor D. L. Russell appointed him as fertilizer inspector.

Middleburg, North Carolina
Middleburg is a town in Vance County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, Middleburg had a population of 101. It was in Warren County and known as Middleburgh prior to the establishment of Vance County in 1881.
Saint Petersburg Bede
The Saint Petersburg Bede (Saint Petersburg, National Library of Russia, lat. Q. v. I. 18), formerly known as the Leningrad Bede, is an Anglo-Saxon illuminated manuscript, a near-contemporary version of Bede's 8th century history, the Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum (Ecclesiastical History of the English People).  Although not heavily illuminated, it is famous for containing the earliest historiated initial (one containing a picture) in European illumination.  It is so named because it was taken to the Russian National Library of Saint Petersburg in Russia at the time of the French Revolution, by Peter P. Dubrovsky.

Initial
In a written or published work, an initial is a letter at the beginning of a word, a chapter, or a paragraph that is larger than the rest of the text. The word is  derived from Latin: initiālis, which means of the beginning.  An initial is often several lines in height, and, in older books or manuscripts, may take the form of an inhabited or historiated initial.  There are certain important initials, such as the Beatus initial, or B, of Beatus vir... at the opening of Psalm 1 at the start of a Vulgate (Bible). These specific initials in an illuminated manuscript were also called initia (sg.: initium).
The Separation (Bury novel)
The Separation is an 1830 novel by the British writer Lady Charlotte Bury, published in three volumes. It falls into the tradition of silver fork novels, popular at the time. It was published in New York City by Harper the same year in two rather than three volumes. It was published anonymously, although Bury's authorship was widely known. A reviewer attacked it for recycling the plot entirely from Bury's 1812 novel Self-indulgence, although the resulting publicity seemed to help the novel's sales.

Lady Charlotte Bury
Lady Charlotte Susan Maria Bury (née Campbell; 28 January 1775 – 1 April 1861) was an English novelist, who is chiefly remembered in connection with a Diary illustrative of the Times of George IV (1838).