hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Preschool
A preschool (sometimes spelled as pre school or pre-school), also known as pre-primary school, play school, or nursery school, is an educational establishment or learning space offering early childhood education to children before they begin compulsory education at primary school. It may be publicly or privately operated and may be subsidized from public funds. The typical age range for preschool in most countries is from 4 to 6 years (preschool to kindergarten).

Reggio Emilia approach
The Reggio Emilia approach is an educational philosophy and pedagogy focused on preschool and primary education.  This approach is a student-centered and constructivist self-guided curriculum that uses self-directed, experiential learning in relationship-driven environments. The programme is based on the principles of respect, responsibility and community through exploration, discovery and play.

At the core of this philosophy is an assumption that children form their own personality during the early years of development and that they are endowed with "a hundred languages", through which they can express their ideas. The aim of the Reggio approach is to teach children how to use these symbolic languages (e.g. painting, sculpting, drama) in everyday life. This approach was developed after World War II by pedagogist Loris Malaguzzi and parents in the villages around Reggio Emilia, Italy; the approach derives its name from the city.
Katanga Province
Katanga was one of the four large provinces created in the Belgian Congo in 1914.
It was one of the eleven provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo between 1966 and 2015, when it was split into the Tanganyika, Haut-Lomami, Lualaba, and Haut-Katanga provinces. Between 1971 and 1997 (during the rule of Mobutu Sese Seko when Congo was known as Zaire), its official name was Shaba Province.

Katanga's area encompassed 497,000 square kilometres (192,000 sq mi). Farming and ranching are carried out on the Katanga Plateau. The eastern part of the province is a rich mining region which supplies cobalt, copper, tin, radium, uranium, and diamonds. The region's former capital, Lubumbashi, is the second-largest city in the Congo.

Provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
Article 2 of the Constitution of the Democratic Republic of the Congo divides the country into the capital city of Kinshasa and 25 named provinces. It also gives the capital the status of a province.  Therefore, in many contexts Kinshasa is regarded as the 26th province.
Monsieur Robinson Crusoe
Monsieur Robinson Crusoe (French: Robinson et le triporteur) is a 1960 French-Spanish comedy film directed by Jacques Pinoteau and starring Darry Cowl, Blanca de Silos and Alfredo Mayo. It is the sequel to the 1957 film The Tricyclist.

Jack Pinoteau
Jack Pinoteau (20 September 1923 – 6 April 2017) or Jacques Pinoteau was a French film director born at Clairefontaine-en-Yvelines. A brother of Claude Pinoteau and Arlette Merry, he is mostly known for his direction of the film Le Triporteur, after a novel by René Fallet which made Darry Cowl famous.

Pinoteau died on 6 April 2017, aged 93.
Wiveliscombe
Wiveliscombe (/ˈwɪvəlɪskəm, ˌwɪvəˈlɪskəm/, locally /ˈwɪlskəm/) is a town and civil parish in Somerset, England, situated 9 miles (14 km) west of Taunton. The town has a population of 2,893. The Square, fronted by several listed structures, held the former market. The parish includes the nearby hamlet of Maundown.

Taunton Deane
Taunton Deane was a local government district with borough status in Somerset, England.  Its council was based in Taunton.

The district was formed on 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, by a merger of the Municipal Borough of Taunton, Wellington Urban District, Taunton Rural District, and Wellington Rural District.

Taunton Deane was granted borough status in 1975, perpetuating the mayoralty of Taunton.

The district was given the name of an alternative form of the Taunton Deane Hundred.

In September 2016, West Somerset and Taunton Deane councils agreed in principle to merge the districts into one (with one council) subject to consultation. The new district would not be a unitary authority, with Somerset County Council still performing its functions. In March 2018 both councils voted in favour of the merger and it came into effect on 1 April 2019, with the first elections to the new council in May 2019. The new district was known as Somerset West and Taunton.
Ballajá, Old San Juan
Ballajá is one of 7 subbarrios of San Juan Antiguo barrio in the municipality of San Juan in Puerto Rico. Ballajá is one of the six subbarrios which form part of the Old San Juan Historic District. This subdistrict is named after the historic Ballajá Barracks (Spanish: Cuartel de Ballajá), which now house the Museum of the Americas.

San Juan Antiguo
San Juan Antiguo is one of the 18 barrios of San Juan, Puerto Rico. San Juan Antiguo is further divided into 7 subbarrios. San Juan Antiguo is located entirely within the Isleta de San Juan, a small island off the coast of Puerto Rico where the original colonial settlement of San Juan was founded. It is connected to the main island of Puerto Rico by two bridges and a causeway.
Patamona people
The Patamona are an Amerindian people native to the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana and northern Brazil. They speak a Cariban language, Kapóng, and have often been referred to interchangeably as Akawaio or Ingariko. Patamona are considered a sub-group of Kapon people.

There are about 5,000 living members of this and closely related ethnic groups in Guyana. A 1990 population estimate for Guyana was 5500. According to FUNASA, Brazil had 120 Patamona in 2010. They were recognized as a distinct ethnic group in Brazil since 2005.: 19

Pacaraima Mountains
The Pacaraima or Pakaraima Mountains (Portuguese: Serra de Pacaraima, Spanish: Sierra de Pacaraima) are a mountain range primarily in southwestern Guyana, and into northern Brazil and eastern Venezuela.
Charleston Rockets
The Charleston Rockets were a professional American football team based in Charleston, West Virginia. They began play in 1964 as a member of the United Football League, and became a charter franchise in the Continental Football League in 1965. In their first season in the COFL, the Rockets finished with a perfect 14–0 record and won the league championship over the Toronto Rifles, 24–7. After an ownership change in 1968, the team announced that it was suspending operations in January 1969. Its place in the league's lineup was replaced by the Jersey Jays, returning the CFL to North Jersey after the departure of the Newark Bears to Orlando three seasons prior.

United Football League (1961–1964)
The United Football League was a professional American football minor league that operated between 1961 and 1964. It had eight teams, primarily based in the Midwestern United States.

The league was founded in 1961 as a minor league alternative to the National Football League (NFL) and American Football League (AFL). Based in the Midwest, it drew many of its players from the Big Ten college conference.

Among its more notable feats, it became the first football league to operate teams in both the United States and Canada when it launched the Quebec Rifles in 1964, and it revived the names of the Cleveland/Canton Bulldogs and Akron Pros, two early-era NFL teams.

After the league folded following the 1964 season, the more ambitious owners formed the new Continental Football League (COFL). The more conservative owners, who wanted to continue as a regional Midwestern bus league, broke away to form the Professional Football League of America (PFLA) in February 1965.
Topographia Galliae
Topographia Galliae (1655–1661) is a German-language series of illustrated books created by engraver Matthäus Merian and writer Martin Zeiler, and published in Frankfurt. It describes cities and towns in 17th-century France. Wenceslaus Hollar also contributed to its engravings.

Martin Zeiler
Martin Zeiler (also Zeiller, born 17 April 1589 in Ranten, died 6 October 1661 in Ulm) was a Baroque era German author.

Zeiler's father was an exile from Upper Styria, forced to emigrate due to his protestant confession. 
Zeiler was schooled in Ulm, moving to Wittenberg in 1608 to study jurisprudence and history. He worked several jobs as private teacher and notary.
He lived in Ulm from 1629, working as teacher and inspector at local schools.

Zeiler was very productive as an author, meeting the template of the Baroque polyhistor. The Ulm city library lists 90 works authored by Zeiler. 
His productivity was recognized by his contemporaries; Georg Philipp Harsdörffer mentions Herrn Zeillers proverbial industriousness in one of his poems.
Zeiler is best known for his contribution to Matthäus Merian's Topographia Germaniae (16 vol., 1642–1654).
Lifewire
Lifewire is a technology information and advice website. The website's owner is Dotdash Meredith, originally About.com, which launched Lifewire in 2016 as one of its spin-off vertical sites.

As of April 2022, it had a global website ranking of 1432 by Alexa Internet.

People Inc.
People Inc. (formerly The Mining Company, About.com, Dotdash and Dotdash Meredith) is an American digital media company based in New York City. It publishes online articles and videos about various subjects across categories including health, home, food, finance, tech, beauty, lifestyle, travel, and education.
Peter Hobbs (rugby union)
Peter Graham Hobbs (19 March 1911 – 27 May 1942) was an English international rugby union player.

Hobbs was the middle-born son of Army officer Reginald Hobbs. The eldest of his two brothers, Reginald Jr, also played rugby and was capped for England. He attended Wellington College, where he was a member of the first XV.

An Army major, Hobbs played his rugby in inter-services matches and for Richmond. He was unable to replicate his brother in playing for England, but earned Kent representative honours, and in 1936 toured Argentina as a member of British Lions, with the international against the Pumas amongst his five tour appearances in the back of the scrum.

Hobbs served as a Brigade Major in the Royal Horse Artillery, 7th Armoured Division, and was killed in action near Bir Hakeim, Libya, in 1942. His younger brother, William, died the following year while serving in Tunisia.

1936 British Lions tour to Argentina
The 1936 British Lions tour of Argentina was a series of rugby union matches arranged between the British Lions and various Argentine teams. The tourists played ten matches, nine of which were against club and combined teams while one match took in a full Argentina national team. Despite being sanctioned by the International Rugby Board, no caps were awarded to players from either side.

This was the third and final international tour to South America by a combined British team, and although classed as the British Lions, it was predominantly English, with a handful of Scottish and Irish players.

The Lions won all the games played, scoring 399 points and conceding only 12.
Warrior (band)
Warrior is an American heavy metal band from Los Angeles, formed in 1982. Best known for their 1985 debut album, Fighting for the Earth, the band has released a total of four studio albums. Guitarist and co-founder Joe Floyd is the only Warrior member to appear on every album.

Floyd is also a notable engineer and producer and has worked with Bruce Dickinson, Halford, Earl Slick, Tribe of Gypsies, Rob Rock, downset, Godhead, Jake E. Lee, Ratt, Riot, Malice, Odin, World War III, Helstar, and Steel Prophet, among others. In addition, Floyd is the CEO of ElectroPhonic Innovations, a guitar company.

Roy Z
Roy Z Ramirez (born February 1968) is an American guitarist, songwriter and record producer, best known for his work with Bruce Dickinson (from Iron Maiden), Halford, and Judas Priest. He also is the founder of Tribe of Gypsies, a Latin-influenced hard rock band. Roy also helped write and produce the band Life After Death in 1996.
Grantley Sobers
Grantley Sobers (born 16 May 1937) is a Barbadian weightlifter. Sobers represented the British West Indies at the 1959 Pan American Games, where he won the bronze medal in the Bantamweight competition. He competed in the men's bantamweight event at the 1960 Summer Olympics, finishing in 10th position with a lift of 307.5 kg.

British West Indies at the 1959 Pan American Games
The West Indies Federation took part in the 3rd Pan American Games, held in Chicago, USA from 28 August 28 to 7 September 1959, under the name British West Indies. These were the only Pan American Games attended by the British West Indies, as the nation dissolved in 1962. British West Indies ended up 7th on the overall medal table, and 2nd on the medal table for Athletics.
Maison Gabrielle-Roy
The Maison Gabrielle Roy (or Maison Roy)—translated in English as the House of Gabrielle Roy (or Roy House)—is a museum in the former home of writer Gabrielle Roy. The house is located in the Saint Boniface area of Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. The objective of the museum is to disseminate the works of Roy and to preserve a piece of heritage for Canadian history.

From 1909 to 1937, Roy lived in the heart of Saint Boniface. The house was restored and opened to the public in 2003.  The site was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 2008.

The Museum is open year round and offers services in English or French. It is affiliated with: CMA,  CHIN, and Virtual Museum of Canada.

Gabrielle Roy
Gabrielle Roy CC FRSC (French pronunciation: [ɡabʁijɛl ʁwa]; March 22, 1909 – July 13, 1983) was a Canadian author from St. Boniface, Manitoba. She became one of the major voices in French-language literature in Canada, known for her portrayals of working-class life in Manitoba and Quebec and for her clear, straightforward prose. Her first novel, Bonheur d’occasion (The Tin Flute), brought her national and international recognition, including major literary awards in both Canada and France. She went on to publish fiction, memoir, and children’s literature, and her work remains central to the development of modern Canadian writing in French. She was designated a National Historic Person by the Government of Canada in 2009.
Amphitheatre
An amphitheatre  (American English: amphitheater) is an open-air venue used for entertainment, performances, and sports. The term derives from the ancient Greek ἀμφιθέατρον (amphitheatron), from ἀμφί (amphi), meaning "on both sides" or "around" and θέατρον (théātron), meaning "place for viewing".

Ancient Greek theatres were typically built on hillsides and semi-circular in design. The first amphitheatre may have been built at Pompeii around 70 BC. Ancient Roman amphitheatres were oval or circular in plan, with seating tiers that surrounded the central performance area, like a modern open-air stadium. In contrast, both ancient Greek and ancient Roman theatres were built in a semicircle, with tiered seating rising on one side of the performance area.

Modern English parlance uses "amphitheatre" for any structure with sloping seating, including theatre-style stages with spectator seating on only one side, theatres in the round, and stadia. They can be indoor or outdoor.

Semicircle
In mathematics (and more specifically geometry), a semicircle is a one-dimensional locus of points that forms half of a circle. It is a circular arc that measures 180° (equivalently, π radians, or a half-turn). It only has one line of symmetry (reflection symmetry).

In non-technical usage, the term "semicircle" is sometimes used to refer to either a closed curve that also includes the diameter segment from one end of the arc to the other or to the half-disk, which is a two-dimensional geometric region that further includes all the interior points.

By Thales' theorem, any triangle inscribed in a semicircle with a vertex at each of the endpoints of the semicircle and the third vertex elsewhere on the semicircle is a right triangle, with a right angle at the third vertex.

All lines intersecting the semicircle perpendicularly are concurrent at the center of the circle containing the given semicircle.
MSU Faculty of Psychology
MSU Faculty of Psychology (Russian: Факультет психологии МГУ) is a faculty of the Moscow State University, which was established in 1966 and headed by Aleksei Leontiev until his death in 1979. At various times, a number of researchers have worked at the Faculty, such as Sergei Rubinstein, Alexander Luria, Eugene Sokolov, Chingis Izmailov, Galperin, Bluma Zeigarnik, and Daniil Yelkonin.

Aleksei Leontiev
Aleksei Nikolayevich Leontiev (Russian: Алексе́й Никола́евич Лео́нтьев, IPA: [lʲɪˈonʲtʲjɪf]; February 18, 1903 – January 21, 1979), was a Soviet Russian developmental psychologist and philosopher and a founder of activity theory.

He was born and died in Moscow.
Sergei Zimin
Sergei Ivanovich Zimin (Сергей Ива́нович Зими́н) (June 20 (June 8, Old Style), 1875 – July 26, 1942) was an entrepreneur and opera manager from the Russian Empire. In 1903 he founded Zimin Opera company.

He was born in Zuevo, to an Old Believer family, the son of textile mill owner Ivan Nikitich Zimin.

Under his leadership Zimin Opera staged more than 120 operas.

Ivan Zimin
Ivan Nikitich Zimin (Russian: Иван Никитич Зимин; 1818-1887) was a Russian industrialist who developed Drezna as a mill town.

His sons, Sergei and Grigory Zimin inherited his business, but his wife, Evdokia Savvateevna, remained an active participant in the management of company business.

He was buried in the Preobrazhenskoye Cemetery.
Dan O'Connor (prospector)
Daniel O'Connor (January 31, 1864 - March 30, 1933) was a Canadian politician, entrepreneur and prospector from Pembroke, Canada West. In the late 1880s, O'Connor moved to Sudbury, where he became a sawmill operator and was elected the town's second mayor in 1894. Recognizing the potential for tourism in the area of Temagami, he founded the Temagami Hotel and Steamboat Company in 1903, which operated the Temagami Inn, the Lady Evelyn Hotel, the Ronnoco Hotel and a number of steamboats, including the Belle of Temagami.

When O'Connor moved to Temagami, he was hoping to find some mineral prospects. In 1899, O'Connor created test pits in east-central Strathy Township that later became Big Dan Mine, which is named after him. Other mines in Temagami that bear his name are Little Dan at Arsenic Lake and O'Connor near Lake Temagami. O'Connor continued to move northwards where he discovered deposits of gold. He moved to Connaught, Ontario and ran a general store.

Belle of Temagami
Belle of Temagami, generally referred to as Belle, was a wooden steamboat built and used in Temagami, Ontario, Canada during the first half of the 20th century. She operated as a passenger steamer on Lake Temagami where she brought travellers to cottages, hotels, lodges and camps from the lakeside landing near the Temagami railway station. She was also used to deliver supplies on the lake. Three companies owned Belle throughout her years of service.
David Reidy (Limerick hurler)
David Reidy (born 1993) is an Irish hurler who plays for Limerick Intermediate Championship club Dromin-Athlacca and at inter-county level with the Limerick senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a right wing-forward.

2023 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 2023 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) was the 136th staging of the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Gaelic Athletic Association's premier inter-county hurling tournament, since its establishment in 1887. The competition began in April 2023 and ended on 23 July 2023.

Limerick entered the competition as defending champion, having won its previous three editions.

The final was played on 23 July 2023 at Croke Park in Dublin, between Limerick and Kilkenny. Defending champion Limerick won the game by 0–30 to 2–15 to claim a four-in-a-row, as well as a fifth title in six years.
Holy Trinity Church, Miejsce Odrzańskie
Holy Trinity Church in Miejsce Odrzańskie, Poland, is a wooden chapel of ease belonging to St. George's Parish in Sławików, part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Opole.

The church was built in 1770 by carpenter Henryk Henschl.

Miejsce Odrzańskie
Miejsce Odrzańskie ([ˈmjɛi̯st͡sɛ ɔˈdʐaɲskʲɛ], additional name in German: Mistitz) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Cisek, within Kędzierzyn-Koźle County, Opole Voivodeship, in southern Poland.
Earl Hurd
Earl Hurd (September 14, 1880 – September 28, 1940) was a pioneering American animator and film director. He is noted for creating and producing the silent Bobby Bumps animated short subject series for early animation producer J.R. Bray's Bray Productions. Hurd and Bray are jointly responsible for developing the processes involved in cel animation, and were granted patents for their processes in 1914.

Animator Andy Luckey is a maternal cousin, twice removed, of Hurd's.

Bray Productions
Bray Productions was a pioneering American animation studio that produced several popular cartoons before and during the years of World War I and the early interwar era, becoming a springboard for several key animators of the 20th century, including the Fleischer brothers, Walter Lantz, Paul Terry, Shamus Culhane and Grim Natwick among others.
Usha Sinha (JD(U) politician)
Usha Sinha is a leader of Janata Dal (United) who served as the member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly for Hilsa from 2010 to 2015. She is an accused in Bihar topper scam. In June 2016 a Patna court issued arrest warrant against her and her husband in connection with the scam.

2016 Bihar school examination scandal
The 2016 Bihar school examination scandal or topper scam was a corruption scandal in the Indian state of Bihar which came to public light on 31 May 2016, when the Bihar School Examination Board (BSEB) Arts and Humanities topper (the top scholarly position in the examination) Ruby Rai, Science topper Saurabh Shrestha and third topper in Science stream Rahul Kumar were interviewed by television channels and they were unable to answer to basic questions. Ruby Rai, a student of Vishun Roy College, Kiratpur Raja Ram village in Vaishali district pronounced Political Science as ‘Prodigal Science’ and described it as a subject related to cooking. Science topper Saurabh Shrestha was unaware of electrons and protons and wrongly said that aluminium is the most reactive element.
Livenza
The Livenza (Latin: Liquentia; Friulian: Livence; Venetian: Łivensa) is a river in the Italian provinces of Pordenone, Treviso and Venice. Its source is near Polcenigo and Caneva in Pordenone. It flows in a southeasterly direction past Sacile and forms the border between the provinces of Pordenone and Treviso roughly between Brugnera and Motta di Livenza. It continues to flow in a southeasterly direction, forming the border between the provinces of Treviso and Venice before flowing into the province of Venice near Santo Stino di Livenza. It flows near La Salute di Livenza and finally enters the Adriatic Sea near Caorle.

Province of Treviso
The province of Treviso (Italian: provincia di Treviso) is a province in the Veneto region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Treviso. The province is surrounded by Belluno in the north, Vicenza in the west, Padua in southwest, Venice in the south-east and Friuli-Venezia Giulia in the east. The current President of Treviso province is Stefano Marcon, elected in December 2021 for second term. He is also the current mayor of Castelfranco Veneto.