hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ada Katz
Ada Katz (born May 30, 1928, in the Bronx, New York) is the wife and model of Alex Katz. Perhaps best known for appearing in over 1000 of her husband's paintings including Black Dress (1960), Katz was also a biologist at Sloan Kettering, as well as one of the founders of the Eye and Ear Theater.

Black Dress (painting)
Black Dress is a 1960 oil on canvas painting by Alex Katz (b. 1927) of his wife and frequent subject Ada Katz shown six times with the work employing cinematic effects. 
It also prominently features a repainting of a Katz portrait of the New York School poet James Schuyler in the work's backdrop.

Today the work is held in the permanent collection of the Museum Brandhorst in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. The work was loaned to the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York City and exhibited there in Katz's 2022–2023 retrospective exhibition "Gathering" at the art venue.
Orren R. Whiddon
Orren Ray Whiddon  (March 10, 1935 – March 20, 2016) was a lieutenant general in the United States Army. He served as commanding general of the 8th Infantry Division from 1985 to 1987, and as commanding general of the Second United States Army from 1987 until being succeeded by James W. Crysel in 1990. He attended Stephen F. Austin State University (1955), where he is a member of their alumni hall of fame. His awards include the Bronze Star, Meritorious Service, Defense Superior Service and Army Commendation medals. He died in 2016.

8th Infantry Division (United States)
The 8th Infantry Division, ("Pathfinder") was an infantry division of the United States Army during the 20th century. The division served in World War I, World War II, and Operation Desert Storm. Initially activated in January 1918, the unit did not see combat during World War I and returned to the United States. Some units served in the American Expeditionary Force to Siberia. It was activated again on 1 July 1940 as part of the build-up of military forces before the US entered World War II. It then took part in the Normandy landings and fought in France and Germany. Following World War II, the division was moved to West Germany, where it remained stationed at the Rose Barracks in Bad Kreuznach until it was deactivated on 17 January 1992.
Château Léoville-Poyferré
45°09′51″N 0°44′26″W﻿ / ﻿45.16409°N 0.74048°W﻿ / 45.16409; -0.74048

Château Léoville-Poyferré is a winery in the Saint-Julien appellation of the Bordeaux region of France.   Château Léoville-Poyferré is also the name of the red wine produced by this property.  The wine produced here was classified as one of  fifteen Deuxièmes Crus (Second Growths) in the original Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855.

Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855
The Bordeaux Wine Official Classification of 1855 resulted from the 1855 Exposition Universelle de Paris, when Emperor Napoleon III requested a classification system for France's best Bordeaux wines that were to be on display for visitors from around the world. Brokers from the wine industry ranked the wines according to a château's reputation and trading price, which at that time was directly related to quality.

The wines were ranked in importance from first to fifth growths (crus). All of the red wines that made it on the list came from the Médoc region except for one: Château Haut-Brion from Graves. The white wines, then of much less importance than red wine, were limited to the sweet varieties of Sauternes and Barsac and were ranked only from superior first growth to second growth.
Château d'Autet
Château d'Autet is a château located in the Luberon hills of the commune of Viens in the Vaucluse department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, France. The château lies approximately 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to the northeast of the village of Gignac, and roughly 85 kilometres (53 mi) north of Marseille.

Viens, Vaucluse
Viens (Occitan: Viènç) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.

Viens is an ancient village that has retained its appearance as a medieval stronghold. It is famous for its ramparts, Saracen gate and Clock Tower.
William Tell (1825 play)
William Tell is an 1825 historical play by the Irish writer James Sheridan Knowles. It portrays the legendary 14th-century Swiss folk hero William Tell in his battle against the Habsburg authorities.

It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in London. The original cast starred William Macready as Tell and included Thomas Archer, Henry Gattie, Edward Knight, Elizabeth Yates, Clara Fisher, Charles Mayne Young and Margaret Agnes Bunn. Knowles dedicated the play to the Spanish opposition leader General Francisco Mina, then living in exile in England.

The play was a success and established Knowles as the leading dramatist of the period. Revived frequently, it became a standard in both Britain and North America.

Elizabeth Yates (actress)
Elizabeth Yates (née Brunton; 21 January 1799 – 30 August 1860) was an English actress. She appeared on the stage under the names Miss Brunton, Elizabeth Brunton, Elizabeth Yates, Mrs. Yates, and Mrs. Yates late Miss Brunton.
Wrightoporia
Wrightoporia is a genus of fungi in the family Bondarzewiaceae. According to a 2008 estimate, the widely distributed genus contains 23 species. The genus was circumscribed by Zdeněk Pouzar in Ceská Mykol. vol.20 on page 173 in 1966.

The genus name of Wrightoporia is in honour of Jorge Eduardo Wright (1922–2005), who was an Argentine mycologist.

Jorge Eduardo Wright
Jorge Eduardo Wright (20 April 1922 – 2005) was an Argentine mycologist. Born in Buenos Aires, he graduated from the University of Buenos Aires in 1949. He was awarded a Latin American Guggenheim Fellowship and studied under Alexander H. Smith at the University of Michigan, under whom he received his Master of Science degree in botany in 1955. A year later he was awarded his doctorate from the University of Buenos Aires based on his research on the gasteromycetes and other basidiomycetes. Wright became a full professor in systematic botany at this university in 1960, a position he held until his retirement in 1988. During his career, he published over 120 scientific articles and several books.

In 1966, botanist Zdeněk Pouzar published a genus of fungi in the family Bondarzewiaceae, as Wrightoporia in Wright's honour.
Liza Andriyani
Liza Andriyani (born 12 February 1979) is an Indonesian former tennis player. She made her debut as a professional in May 1993, aged 14, at the Indonesia Open, a then-Tier IV WTA Tour event.

In 1995 and 1996, she appeared in several Grand Slam Junior Championships. Her best result at that level was reaching the 1995 US Open Junior Championships, where she and Tamarine Tanasugarn reached the semifinals.

She was part of the Indonesia Fed Cup team in 1996, 1997, 1999, and 2004. She has a win–loss record of 0–8.

At the 2002 Asian Games, Andriyani also was part of Indonesia's successful women's tennis team.

In 2008, she returned to professional tennis after an absence of four years. With partner Ayu-Fani Damayanti, she won the women's doubles title at the inaugural Garuda Indonesia Tennis Masters.

2008 Garuda Indonesia Tennis Masters
The 2008 Garuda Indonesia Tennis Masters was a tennis tournament held at the Hotel Sultan in Jakarta from 10 December to 14 December 2008. It was the inaugural Garuda Indonesia Tennis Masters.

The tournament was restricted to Indonesian entrants. The total prize purse was 500 million rupiah (roughly $40,000US), with 100 million rupiah for the winners of the singles competition.

The singles competitions each had eight entrants. The men's doubles competition had eight teams, and the women's doubles competition had four teams.

The Indonesian Tennis Association (PELTI) used the Masters to rank Indonesian players, for Fed Cup and Davis Cup selection.
Destination (band)
Destination was a disco group from New York City whose song "Move On Up" / "Up Up Up" / "Destination's Theme," spent in 1979 four weeks at number one on the Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart, and reached #68 on the Hot Soul Singles chart. A trio, Destination consisted of Danny Lugo, Kathleen Bradley (who would later become one of "Barker's Beauties" on The Price Is Right) and Love Chyle Theus.

Move On Up
"Move On Up" is a song by Curtis Mayfield from his 1970 debut album, Curtis. Nearly nine minutes long on the album version, including a false ending, it was released as a single in the United States, but failed to chart. An edited version of the song spent 10 weeks in the top 50 of the UK Singles Chart in 1971, peaking at number 12, and it has become a soul classic over the years. In 2021, it was listed at No. 474 on Rolling Stone's "The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time". The song was influential on the emerging genre of progressive soul and is notable for its prominent, fast-paced percussion, featuring Henry Gibson on congas.
Play Games (Dog Eat Dog album)
Play Games is the second studio album by American rock band Dog Eat Dog. It was released on June 2, 1996, by Roadrunner Records. The album shows a change of sound in the band, shifting from the hardcore punk sound they performed on their previous album, All Boro Kings, to a more pop-punk sound. The album was successful in Europe and the music videos for the songs "Isms" and "Rocky" received heavy rotation on TV. The album peaked at number 40 in the UK Albums Chart. The album also peaked at number 5 in the UK Rock & Metal chart. The album was certified gold in Belgium two months after the release of the album. Ronnie James Dio of Dio and RZA of Wu-Tang Clan make vocal appearances on the album. Play Games is the first of the band's albums to feature Brandon Finley on drums, as well as the only album to feature Marc DeBacker on guitar and Scott Mueller on saxophone.

Dog Eat Dog (band)
Dog Eat Dog is an American band that fuses a variety of genres, such as hardcore punk, rock, metal, hip-hop, and funk. Formed in Bergen County, New Jersey in 1990, the band was one of the earliest to combine metal and rap together. The group has released five full-length albums and two EPs. As of 2009, the lineup consists of Dave Neabore (bass), John Connor (vocals), Brandon Finley (drums), and Roger Haemmerli (guitar).
Mont Donon
Mont Donon is the highest peak in the northern Vosges. It is a Category 2 climb in the Tour de France.

On Donon, there is an 80-metre-tall (260 ft) lattice tower for TV transmission. Its TV transmission antennas are covered by a polymeric cylinder, which gives its structure a characteristic shape.

An engraved block of sandstone near the summit commemorates the conception of Victor Hugo.

Many archaeological remains of a Gallo-Roman sanctuary have been found on and around the top of the mountain. They are now displayed in the Musée archéologique de Strasbourg.

Vosges
The Vosges (/voʊʒ/ VOHZH, French: [voʒ] ⓘ; German: Vogesen [voˈɡeːzn̩] ⓘ; Franconian and Alemannic German: Vogese) is a range of medium mountains in Eastern France, near its border with Germany. Together with the Palatine Forest to the north on the German side of the border, they form a single geomorphological unit and low mountain range of around 8,000 km2 (3,100 sq mi) in area. It runs in a north-northeast direction from the Burgundian Gate (the Belfort–Ronchamp–Lure line) to the Börrstadt Basin (the Winnweiler–Börrstadt–Göllheim line), and forms the western boundary of the Upper Rhine Plain.

The Grand Ballon is the highest peak at 1,424 m (4,672 ft), followed by the Storkenkopf (1,366 m, 4,482 ft), and the Hohneck (1,364 m, 4,475 ft).
Global Disinformation Index
Global Disinformation Index (GDI) is a not-for-profit organisation based in the United Kingdom which aims to mitigate the spread of disinformation on the internet. The group utilises a system of ratings of news sources and websites to determine risk of disinformation. The group's efforts also include investigations into internet advertising, and the alleged use of disinformation in relation to COVID-19 featured on various websites. The group has faced criticism and scrutiny over allegations of political bias.

UnHerd
UnHerd is a British news and opinion website founded in 2017 by conservative commentator Tim Montgomerie and hedge fund manager Paul Marshall. It describes itself as a platform for slow journalism which draws from both left-wing and right-wing perspectives, while others characterize it as conservative and right-wing.
Alfred Reid (Australian politician)
Alfred Albert Edward Ernest Theodore Muswellbrooke Orlando Vassa Reid (1867 – 5 August 1945), nicknamed Alphabet Reid, was an Australian politician.

He was born in Penrith to Michael and Ann Clara Reid. He became a baker, and in 1898 married Mary Ann Robertson. He served on Penrith Municipal Council from 1895 to 1898 and was mayor in 1898, and after moving to Manly around 1907 served on Manly Council from 1915 and 1928 (mayor from 1919 to 1921). In 1920 he was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly as one of the members for North Shore; he was initially an independent, but subsequently joined the Nationalist Party. He did not stand for election  in 1922 and was re-elected in 1925. In 1927, when single-member electorates were re-introduced, he became the member for Manly. He lost Democratic preselection for the 1944 state election and ran successfully as an independent Democrat. He joined the Liberal Party in 1945 but died later that year at Manly.

Manly Council
Manly Council was a local government area on the northern beaches region of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, first incorporated in 1877.
On 12 May 2016, the Minister for Local Government announced that Manly Council would be subsumed into the newly formed Northern Beaches Council. The last mayor of Manly Council was Cr. Jean Hay AM, a member of the Liberal Party.
Benjamin L. Liebman
Benjamin L. Liebman (born 1969) is the Robert L. Lieff Professor of Law and the director of the Hong Yen Chang Center for Chinese Legal Studies at Columbia Law School. He is widely regarded as one of the world's pre-eminent scholars of contemporary Chinese law.

He is the son of Lance Liebman, who is a professor at Columbia Law School and the former director of the American Law Institute, and of Carol B. Liebman, also a professor at Columbia Law School. He is the brother of Jeffrey B. Liebman, who was the executive associate director of the Office of Management and Budget within the administration of President Barack Obama.

On February 9, 2012, Liebman met with Vice President of the United States Joe Biden at the White House to discuss human rights in China.

Liebman is affiliated with the Weatherhead East Asian Institute.

Jeffrey Liebman
Jeffrey B. Liebman (born c. 1967) is an American economist and academic. Since 2014, Liebman has served as director of the Rappaport Institute for Greater Boston at Harvard Kennedy School.

During the Obama administration, Liebman served within the Office of Management and Budget (OMB). Prior to this, Liebman was a top economic advisor for Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign.
Action 14f13
Action 14f13, also called Sonderbehandlung (special treatment) 14f13 and Aktion 14f13, was a campaign by Nazi Germany to murder Nazi concentration camp prisoners. As part of the campaign, also called invalid or prisoner euthanasia, the sick, the elderly and those prisoners who were no longer deemed fit for work were separated from the rest of the prisoners during a selection process, after which they were murdered. The Nazi campaign was in operation from 1941 to 1944 and later covered other groups of concentration camp prisoners.

Horst Schumann
Horst Schumann (1 May 1906 – 5 May 1983) was an SS-Sturmbannführer (major) and medical doctor who conducted sterilization and castration experiments at Auschwitz and was particularly interested in the mass sterilization of Jews by means of X-rays. Hors d'atteinte, a book by Frédéric Couderc, published in France by Les Escales and Pocket, reveals the extent of Schumann's crimes and his life as a fugitive in Africa.
Queen Mary's Shallop
Queen Mary's Shallop is a 41.60-foot-long (12.68 m) British royal barge commissioned by William III for Queen Mary II in 1689. She was one of several state barges used during state occasions between 1689 and 1849. However, when Prince Frederick's Barge was taken out of service in 1849, she was the only state barge of the English Crown still in use. She was finally retired in the early twentieth century.

She was present at various occasions, such as the Royal Regatta at Henley in 1912, and the Peace Pageant in 1919. In 1930 she was given to the National Maritime Museum by King George V, and is in storage as of 2021.

Peace Day 1919
Peace Day was a comemoration held on 19 July 1919 throughout the United Kingdom and the British Empire, to mark the signing of the Treaty of Versailles that finally ended the First World War. The main event was a military parade of British, Imperial and Allied soldiers, sailors and airmen through the streets of London to Buckingham Palace, where the salute was taken by King George V amd Queen Mary. The day was also marked by locally organised processions, pageants and feasts. Some demobilised servicemen were unhappy at the extravagence of these events when they were experiencing hardship, resulting in civil disorder in some places.
Jenny Wheeler
Jennifer Sylvia "Jenny" Wheeler is an Auckland newspaper journalist, magazine editor, author and company director, born in Thames 21 December 1946. She was founding editor of the Sunday Star newspaper (1987–1993) and NZ House & Garden magazine, (1993–94) and the first woman editor of the New Zealand Listener (1994–1997). From 1997 with partner the late Tim Bickerstaff she was a director of direct marketing companies Happy Families Ltd and Intenza NZ. She sold the company in 2015 and is now working as a novelist and podcaster. She published the first four books in a Californian historical mystery series, Of Gold & Blood, in 2018. In October 2018, she was given a Lifetime Achievement Award by the Magazine Publisher's Association for Services to magazines. Her Joys of Binge Reading podcast profiles popular authors in mystery, thriller, historical and romance genres.

Sunday Star-Times
The Sunday Star-Times is a New Zealand newspaper published each weekend in Auckland. It covers both national and international news, and is a member of the New Zealand Press Association and Newspaper Publishers Association of New Zealand. It is owned by media business Stuff Ltd, formerly the New Zealand branch of Australian media company Fairfax Media.

In 2019, the newspaper won the title of New Zealand Newspaper of the Year.
Giggleswick
Giggleswick, a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England, lies on the B6480 road, less than 1 mile (1.6 km) north-west of the town of Settle and divided from it by the River Ribble. It is the site of Giggleswick School.

Until 1974 it was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Craven, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

Craven District
Craven was a non-metropolitan district in the west of North Yorkshire, England, centred on the market town of Skipton. The name Craven is much older than the modern district and encompassed a larger area. This history is also reflected in the way the term is still commonly used, such as by the Church of England.

From 1974 until 2023, the name Craven was used for a separate local government district, formed originally as the merger of Skipton urban district, Settle Rural District and most of Skipton Rural District; all were historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire. Since 1 April 2023, the area has formed part of the new North Yorkshire Council unitary authority. The population of the Local Authority area at the 2011 Census was 55,409; it comprised the upper reaches of Airedale, Wharfedale, Ribblesdale, and includes most of the Aire Gap and Craven Basin.
Transister
Transister was a British-American alternative rock band formed in late 1995 in Los Angeles. Despite only having released one album to moderate sales, their work has been featured on a number of film soundtracks.  The band was fronted by Keely Hawkes, the sister of English musician Chesney Hawkes and daughter of Len 'Chip' Hawkes, a member of the English beat group the Tremeloes.

Chesney Hawkes
Chesney Lee Hawkes (born 22 September 1971) is an English singer and occasional actor. He started his career at the age of 19 when he appeared in the film Buddy's Song, which featured his best-known single "The One and Only", which topped the UK Singles Chart for five weeks and reached the top 10 in the United States. It also was featured in the 1991 film Doc Hollywood and the 2009 movie Moon. Follow-up single "I'm a Man Not a Boy" peaked at 27 in the UK, with subsequent singles including "What's Wrong with This Picture?", "Stay Away Baby Jane" (a collaboration with Adam Schlesinger of Fountains of Wayne) and "Another Fine Mess" also charting in the top 100.

Aside from music, Hawkes appeared on Channel 4's The Games in 2005, winning a Bronze Medal. Hawkes appeared on the shows Hit Me Baby One More Time, Let's Dance for Comic Relief, and Sing If You Can. Hawkes also appeared in the musical Can't Smile Without You in the role of Tony Lowiman.
Norwood Russell Hanson
Norwood Russell Hanson (August 17, 1924 – April 18, 1967) was an American philosopher of science. Hanson was a pioneer in advancing the argument that observation is theory-laden — that observation language and theory language are deeply interwoven — and that historical and contemporary comprehension are similarly deeply interwoven. His single most central intellectual concern was the comprehension and development of a logic of discovery.

Stephen Toulmin
Stephen Edelston Toulmin (/ˈtuːlmɪn/; 25 March 1922 – 4 December 2009) was a British philosopher, author, and educator. Influenced by Ludwig Wittgenstein, Toulmin devoted his works to the analysis of moral reasoning. Throughout his writings, he sought to develop practical arguments which can be used effectively in evaluating the ethics behind moral issues. His works were later found useful in the field of rhetoric for analyzing rhetorical arguments. The Toulmin model of argumentation, a diagram containing six interrelated components used for analyzing arguments, and published in his 1958 book The Uses of Argument, was considered his most influential work, particularly in the field of rhetoric and communication, and in computer science.
2025 Hamburg Open
The 2025 Hamburg Open was a combined men's and women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 119th edition of the event for the men and the 23rd edition for the women. The event is classified as an ATP Tour 500 tournament on the 2025 ATP Tour and as a WTA 250 tournament on the 2025 WTA Tour (a WTA 125 tournament the previous year). It took place at Am Rothenbaum in Hamburg, Germany between 18 and 24 May 2025 for the men, and between 14 and 20 July 2025 for the women.

Justin Engel
Justin Engel (born 1 October 2007) is a German professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 180 achieved on 5 January 2026 and a best doubles ranking of No. 280, reached on 23 June 2025.
Castelnau-Pégayrols
Castelnau-Pégayrols (Castèlnòu de Leveson in Occitan) is a commune in the Aveyron department in southern France. In addition to its castle and three churches it has a unique mediaeval irrigation system recognised in 1996 as of global importance.

Aveyron
Aveyron (French: [avɛʁɔ̃] ⓘ; Occitan: Avairon [aβajˈɾu]) is a department in the region of Occitania, Southern France. It was named after the river Aveyron. Its inhabitants are known as Aveyronnais (masculine) or Aveyronnaises (feminine) in French. The inhabitants of Aveyron's prefecture, Rodez, are called Ruthénois, based upon the first settlers in the area, the Ruteni. With an area of 8,735 square kilometres (3,373 sq mi) and a population of 279,595, Aveyron is a largely rural department with a population density of 32 people/km2 (83 people/mi2).