hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marsha Thornton
Marsha Thornton (born October 22, 1964, in Killen, Alabama) is an American country music singer. Between 1990 and 2003, she released three studio albums, with her first two released on MCA Records; she has also issued four singles on the Hot Country Songs charts. Her highest peaking single was "A Bottle of Wine and Patsy Cline", written by Lindy Gravelle, which reached No. 59 in 1990.

In 1991, Thornton was shortlisted for the Academy of Country Music Award for New Female Artist of the Year.

Killen, Alabama
Killen is a town in Lauderdale County, Alabama, United States. It is part of the Florence - Muscle Shoals Metropolitan Statistical Area known as "The Shoals". It was incorporated in 1957. As of the 2020 census, the population of the town is 1,034, down from its record high of 1,119 in 2000.
San Germano Chisone
San Germano Chisone (French: Saint-Germain; Occitan: Sant Germà) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Turin in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) southwest of Turin.  
San Germano Chisone borders the following municipalities: Inverso Pinasca, Villar Perosa, Pramollo, Porte, Angrogna, San Secondo di Pinerolo, and Prarostino.

Metropolitan City of Turin
The Metropolitan City of Turin (Italian: città metropolitana di Torino; Piedmontese: sità metropolitan-a 'd Turin) is a metropolitan city in the Piedmont region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Turin. It replaced the province of Turin and comprises 312 comuni (sg.: comune). It was created by the reform of local authorities (Law 142/1990) and established by the Law 56/2014. It has been officially operating since 1 January 2015. With a population of 2,204,276, it is the 4th most populous metropolitan city in Italy.

The Metropolitan City of Turin is headed by the Metropolitan Mayor (sindaco metropolitano) and by the Metropolitan Council (consiglio metropolitano). Since 27 October 2021, Stefano Lo Russo has served as the mayor of the capital city, succeeding Chiara Appendino. The largest metropolitan city of Italy, it is the only one to border a foreign state, France.
Tununa Mercado
Tununa Mercado (born Nilda Mercado) is an Argentine writer. She was born on 25 December 1939 in Cordoba, Argentina. She retained her childhood nickname "Tununa" as her literary pen name. She has written novels, short stories and essays. She has won several literary prizes, including the Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz Prize.

Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz Prize
The Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz Prize (Premio Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz) is a literary prize awarded to a book written in Spanish by a female author. It is organized by the Guadalajara International Book Fair, based in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. As of 2026, winners of the prize receive USD$10,000.
Jayson Potroz
Jayson Potroz (born 26 November 1991) is a New Zealand rugby union player. He plays at fullback in the National Provincial Championship for Taranaki. He also plays for the New England Free Jacks in Major League Rugby (MLR).

New England Free Jacks
The New England Free Jacks are an American professional rugby union team based in the Greater Boston area that competes in Major League Rugby (MLR). They were announced in September 2018 and began to compete professionally in October 2018. They competed in their first season in MLR in the 2020 season. The team has won three consecutive MLR shields, defeating the San Diego Legion in 2023, the Seattle Seawolves in 2024, and the Houston Sabercats in 2025.
Alvand Mirza (Qara Qoyunlu)
Alvand Mirza was a member of the Qara Qoyunlu dynasty, the son of Qara Iskander, the ruler of Mosul, Diyarbakir, and Asadabad.

He was the paternal great-grandfather of Quli Qutb Shah, founder of the Sultanate of Golconda.

Mirza Yusuf
Mirza Yusuf (Persian: میرزا یوسف; Azerbaijani: Mirzə Yusif) died 22 October 1469, r. 1468–1469) was the last sultan of the Qara Qoyunlu, also known as the Black Sheep Turkomans, to have significant authority.
Niv Art Centre
Niv Art Centre is an Indian Art and Cultural Organisation in New Delhi, established in 2008.
It is running an independent film festival in Kerala called Kazhcha-Niv Indie film Fest (KNIFF) along with Kazhcha Chalachithra Vedi called (KNIFF).

Kazhcha-Niv Independent Film Festival
The Kazhcha-Niv Independent Film Festival (KNIFF) is a film festival for independent cinema in India held annually in Thiruvananthapuram. The festival debuted in 2017, and is hosted by Kazhcha Chalachithra Vedi, a local film society, in collaboration with Niv Art Centre, an Art and Cultural society in New Delhi. The festival is held in December parallel to the International Film Festival of Kerala  (IFFK).
Edward Wasserman
Edward A. ('Ed') Wasserman is a professor of psychology at the University of Iowa.  His research focusses on comparing cognitive processes in human and non-human animals.  Wasserman has over 250 publications in peer-reviewed academic journals. In 2015 Wasserman was honoured by the Comparative Cognition Society for his contributions to the study of animal cognition.

Comparative Cognition Society
The Comparative Cognition Society (CCS) is one of the primary scientific societies for the study of animal cognition and comparative psychology.  The CCS is a non-profit, international society dedicated to gaining a greater understanding of the nature and evolution of cognition in human and non-human animals.
Neil Garguilo
Neil William Garguilo (born April 14, 1982) is an American writer, producer, director, actor and improv comedian. He is also a lyricist, writing musical comedy for television and film.

Garguilo was co-creator, showrunner and star of the Syfy original animated series Hell Den. He also appeared on all five seasons of the MTV hit comedy series Awkward, and regularly works with Funny or Die and members of the comedy group Broken Lizard.

He is the founding member of the celebrated improv comedy group Dr. God, the group responsible for the 2015 horror-comedy Bloodsucking Bastards,  starring Pedro Pascal and Fran Kranz.

In 2020, Garguilo won a Daytime Emmy Award for his Funny or Die series Brainwashed By Toons. He was nominated twice for the series and shares an Emmy Award with Seinfeld star Jason Alexander.

Bloodsucking Bastards
Bloodsucking Bastards is a 2015 American comedy horror film directed by Brian James O'Connell, written by Ryan Mitts and Dr. God, O'Connell's comedy group. The film stars Fran Kranz, Pedro Pascal, Emma Fitzpatrick, and Joey Kern. The film was limited released on September 4, 2015, and through video on demand by Scream Factory.
Batman (1966 film)
Batman (also known as Batman: The Movie) is a 1966 American superhero film directed by Leslie H. Martinson. Based on the television series, and the first full-length theatrical adaptation of the DC Comics character of the same name, the film stars Adam West as Batman and Burt Ward as Robin. The film hit theaters two months after the last episode of the first season of the television series. The film includes most members of the original TV cast, with the exception of Julie Newmar as Catwoman; in the film, Newmar was replaced by Lee Meriwether.

Superhero film
The superhero film is a film genre categorized by the presence of superhero characters, individuals with extraordinary abilities who are dedicated to fighting crime, saving the world, or helping the innocent. It is sometimes considered a sub-genre of the action film genre and has evolved into one of the most financially successful film genres worldwide. These films focus on superhuman abilities, advanced technology, mystical phenomena, or exceptional physical and mental skills that enable these heroes to fight for the common good or defeat a supervillain antagonist.

Superhero films typically include genre elements of romance, comedy, fantasy, and science fiction, with large instances of the superhero genre predominantly occupied and produced by American media franchises DC and Marvel, originally adaptations of their existing works of superhero comic books. Individual superhero films frequently contain a character's origin story.
Michael Duane
William Michael Duane (26 January 1915 – 21 January 1997) was an Irish born, British teacher known for his progressive educational views, his belief in inclusivity and a multi-racial approach, his encouragement of informal relationships between staff and pupils and his opposition to corporal punishment. He was also the head of the controversial short-lived Risinghill School in Islington.

UCL Institute of Education
The UCL Institute of Education (IOE) is the faculty of education and society of University College London (UCL). It specialises in postgraduate study and research in the field of education and is one of UCL's 11 constituent faculties. Prior to merging with UCL in 2014, it was a constituent college of the University of London. The IOE is ranked first in the world for education in the QS World University Rankings, and has been so every year since 2014.

The IOE is the largest education research body in the United Kingdom, with over 700 research students in the doctoral school. It also has the largest portfolio of postgraduate programmes in education in the UK, with approximately 4,000 students taking Master's programmes, and a further 1,200 students on PGCE teacher-training courses. At any one time the IOE hosts over 100 research projects funded by Research Councils, government departments and other agencies.
Cheiridium
Cheiridium is a genus of pseudoscorpions belonging to the family Cheiridiidae.

The genus was first described by Menge in 1855.

The species of this genus are found in Europe and North America.

Species:

Cheiridium museorum (Leach, 1817)

Cheiridium piracanjubae Bedoya-Roqueme, Silva dos Reis, de Freitas Barroso & Tizo-Pedroso, 2023

Cheiridiidae
Cheiridiidae is a family of pseudoscorpions belonging to the order Pseudoscorpiones. It was described in 1894 by Danish zoologist Hans Jacob Hansen.

Genera:

Apocheiridium Chamberlin, 1924

Cheiridium Menge, 1855

Cryptocheiridium Chamberlin, 1931

Electrobisium Cockerell, 1917

Leptocheiridium Mahnert & Schmidl, 2011

Neocheiridium Beier, 1932

Nesocheiridium Beier, 1957

Pycnocheiridium Beier, 1964
44th Mississippi Infantry Regiment
The 44th Mississippi Infantry Regiment was an infantry unit of the Confederate States Army. Initially known as the 1st Battalion, Mississippi Infantry, then Blythe's Regiment, the name was changed to the 44th Regiment in June, 1863. Consisting of volunteer companies assembled in the summer of 1861, the 44th Infantry fought in many of the major battles of the Western theater of the American Civil War, suffering heavy losses before surrendering in April 1865.

Jacob H. Sharp
Jacob Hunter Sharp (February 6, 1833 – September 15, 1907) was a Mississippi lawyer, newspaperman and politician, as well as a general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He played a prominent role of several major engagements of the Army of Tennessee in the Western Theater, including the Atlanta campaign in 1864 where he was several times recognized by his commanders and peers for bravery in combat. After the war, he also served in the Mississippi House of Representatives and was its Speaker from 1886 to 1888.
Richard R. Murray
Richard R. Murray (born February 3, 1956, in Bay City, Michigan) is the founder of Equity Schools Inc. and has extensive experience in education and real estate.  He is most recognized for creating Nonlinear Project Funding to support education and other social causes, often including school formation, operations, and capital finance. He also founded the Next Generation Benefit Company which will provide young U.S. families with the first new college savings method since 1997.

Equity Schools
Equity Schools is a Chicago-based benefit corporation focused on solving capital and operational funding problems for schools, businesses, and other organizations. They primarily work with public, private, charter, and independent schools, and are known for using various non-conventional funding methods, or nonlinear project funding.

The firm was founded in 2001 by its current president Richard R. Murray, who is most known for his invention of the corporate work study program used by the Cristo Rey Network.
Cetate, Dolj
Cetate is a commune in Dolj County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Cetate and Moreni. As of 2021, its population was 4,572, of which 4,118 lived in Cetate proper and 454 in Moreni.

In January 1854, during the Crimean War, Cetate was the scene of a battle between a Russian garrison there and a Turkish army based in Calafat. The battle was inconclusive, though the Turks were unable to capture the town.

Battle of Cetate
The Battle of Cetate was fought during the Crimean War. In this battle a large Ottoman force under Ahmed Pasha unsuccessfully attempted to capture the village of Cetate which was controlled by Russian Colonel Alexander Baumgarten.
Adam Hughes
Adam Hughes  (born May 5, 1967) is an American comics artist and illustrator best known to American comic book readers for his renderings of pinup-style female characters, and his cover work on titles such as Wonder Woman and Catwoman. He is known as one of comics' foremost cheesecake artists, and one of the best known and most distinctive comic book cover artists. Throughout his career Hughes has provided illustration work for companies such as DC Comics, Marvel Comics, Dark Horse Comics, Lucasfilm, Warner Bros. Pictures, Playboy magazine, Joss Whedon's Mutant Enemy Productions, and Sideshow Collectibles. He is also a fixture at comics conventions where his commissioned sketches command long lines.

Justice League International
Justice League International (JLI) is a superhero team appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics that succeeded the original Justice League from the late 1980s to the early 2000s. The team enjoyed several comic books runs, the first being written by Keith Giffen and J. M. DeMatteis, with art by Kevin Maguire, created in 1987. Due to editorial conflicts, the team's new makeup was based largely on newer characters, such as Booster Gold, and recent acquisitions from other comic book companies, such as Blue Beetle.

In 2010 and 2011, the team experienced a resurgence as part of the Blackest Night and New 52 comic runs.
Scott Pask
Scott Pask is an American scenic and costume designer. He has worked primarily on stage productions in the United States, on Broadway and Off-Broadway, and in regional theatre, as well as in the United Kingdom. He has won Tony Awards for his work on The Pillowman, The Coast of Utopia and The Book of Mormon.

Take Me Out (play)
Take Me Out is a play by American playwright Richard Greenberg. After a staging at the Donmar Warehouse in London, it premiered Off-Broadway on September 5, 2002, at the Joseph Papp Public Theater. It made its Broadway debut on February 27, 2003, at the Walter Kerr Theatre, where it ran for 355 performances and won the 2003 Tony Award for Best Play. A Broadway revival opened at the Hayes Theater on April 4, 2022.
Revengers Tragedy
Revengers Tragedy is a 2002 film adaptation of the 1606 play The Revenger's Tragedy (attributed to Thomas Middleton in the credits, following the scholarly consensus). It was directed by Alex Cox and adapted for the screen by Cox's fellow Liverpudlian, Frank Cottrell-Boyce. The film stars Christopher Eccleston as the revenge-obsessed Vindici, with Derek Jacobi as the evil Duke, Eddie Izzard as his lecherous son Lussurioso, Diana Quick as the Duchess, Andrew Schofield as Vindice's brother Carlo (a version of the play's Hippolito), Carla Henry as his virtuous sister Castiza, and Marc Warren and Justin Salinger as the Duchess's sons Supervacuo and Ambitioso.

Andrew Schofield (actor)
Andrew Schofield (born 12 October 1958) is an English actor best known for starring as the Narrator in Willy Russell's original production of the musical Blood Brothers in 1983, and playing Johnny Rotten in Alex Cox's 1986 film Sid and Nancy.
Regional District of Central Kootenay
The Regional District of Central Kootenay  (RDCK) is a regional district in the province of British Columbia, Canada. As of the 2016 census, the population was 59,517. The area is 22,130.72 square kilometres.  The administrative centre is located in the city of Nelson. Other municipalities include the City of Castlegar, the Town of Creston, the Village of Salmo, the Village of Nakusp, the Village of Kaslo, the Village of New Denver, the Village of Silverton, the Village of Ymir and the Village of Slocan (known locally as Slocan City to distinguish it from the appellation "the Slocan" for the entire Slocan Valley).

New Denver
New Denver is a village in the Central Kootenay region of British Columbia, Canada at the mouth of Carpenter Creek, on the east shore of Slocan Lake, in the West Kootenay region of southeastern British Columbia. The village is 47 kilometres (29 mi) west of Kaslo on Highway 31A, and 47 kilometres (29 mi) southeast of Nakusp and 32 kilometres (20 mi) northeast of Slocan on Highway 6.
Câmpuri
Câmpuri is a commune located in Vrancea County, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Câmpuri, Fetești, Gura Văii, Rotileștii Mari, and Rotileștii Mici.

The commune is located in the northern part of the county, on the border with Bacău County. It lies on the banks of the river Șușița and its tributaries, Cremeneț and Dracea Mică. Câmpuri is crossed by the national road DN2L which connects it to the west to Soveja and Tulnici and to the southeast to Răcoasa, Străoane, Panciu, and Mărășești (where it ends in DN2). The county capital, Focșani, is 56 km (35 mi) to the southeast via route DN2D.

In July 1917, part of the Battle of Mărăști was fought in this area.

Battle of Mărăști
The Battle of Mărăști (Romanian: Bătălia de la Mărăști) was one of the main battles to take place on Romanian soil in World War I. It was fought between 22 July and 1 August 1917, and was an offensive operation of the Romanian and Russian armies intended to encircle and destroy the German 9th Army. The operation was planned to occur in tandem with the Nămoloasa offensive; however, this operation was abandoned before it began.

According to General Alexandru Averescu, the commander of the Romanian Second Army at this major engagement, the Battle of Mărăști was the "first true victory in the history of the modern Romanian Army".
Dubai (2001 film)
Dubai is a 2001 Indian Malayalam-language action thriller film directed by Joshiy starring Mammootty, Biju Menon, Vijayakumar, N. F. Varghese, Anjala Zaveri and Nirmal Pandey. Cochin Haneefa, Janardhanan, Nedumudi Venu and Preetha Vijayakumar play supporting roles. The script for the film was written by Renji Panicker. It is one of the Malayalam movies with a long duration. It received negative reviews from the critics and was a failure at the box office.

Barring a few scenes in the beginning, the film was completely shot in the United Arab Emirates. It was one of the most-expensive films made in Malayalam cinema at that time. The film ended up being the biggest loss-maker in Malayalam cinema at the time. The film's failure is attributed to insufficient marketing and the several delays in its release.

Joshiy
Joshiy (born 18 July 1952) is an Indian film director who works predominantly in Malayalam cinema and also directed Tamil, Hindi, Telugu and Kannada-language films.

Joshiy made his directorial debut in the 1978 film Tiger Salim, but it was the 1980 film Moorkhan that was his breakthrough in Malayalam cinema. He is regarded as the pioneer of film noir and action thrillers in Malayalam.
Rectal stricture
A rectal stricture (rectal stenosis) is a chronic and abnormal narrowing or constriction of the lumen of the rectum which presents a partial or complete obstruction to the movement of bowel contents. A rectal stricture is located deeper inside the body compared to an anal stricture. Sometimes other terms with wider meaning are used, such as anorectal stricture, colorectal stricture or rectosigmoid stricture.

Suppository
A suppository is a dosage form used to deliver medications by insertion into a body orifice (any opening in the body), where it dissolves or melts to exert local or systemic effects. There are three types of suppositories, each to insert into a different sections: rectal suppositories into the rectum, vaginal suppositories into the vagina, and urethral suppositories into the urethra of a male.

Suppositories are ideal for infants, elderly individuals and post-operative patients, who are unable to swallow oral medications, and for individuals experiencing severe nausea and/or vomiting. Suppositories are administered through rectal route to reduce onset time of reaction.
The Players Club (soundtrack)
The Players Club: Music From and Inspired by the New Line Cinema Motion Picture is the soundtrack to Ice Cube's 1998 film The Players Club. It was released on March 17, 1998 through Heavyweight Records/A&M Records and consists of hip hop and contemporary R&B music. The album features songs from the film's star, Ice Cube, as well as Mr. Short Khop, Brownstone, Changing Faces, Dalvin DeGrate, DJ Spinderella, DMX, Jay-Z, Kurupt, Lil' Mo, Mack 10, Master P, Memphis Bleek, Mia X, Pressha, Public Announcement, Sauce Money, Scarface and more.

The soundtrack made it to number 10 on the Billboard 200 and number 2 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the United States.

Brownstone (group)
Brownstone is an American female contemporary R&B group that was popular during the mid-1990s. They are best known for their 1994 hit single "If You Love Me", which was nominated for a Best R&B Performance Grammy Award. "Grapevyne", "5 Miles to Empty" and "Pass the Lovin'" also brought them some success, as well as their rendition of "I Can't Tell You Why", a song originally recorded by The Eagles.

In 2019, it was announced that Brownstone were to reunite with founding members Nicci Gilbert and Mimi Doby, alongside returning member Teisha Brown for the 25th anniversary of the Essence Festival in July, as well the 25th anniversary of the group.
Khuddaka Nikāya
The Khuddaka Nikāya (lit. 'Minor Collection') is the last of the five Nikāyas, or collections, in the Sutta Piṭaka, which is one of the "three baskets" that compose the Pāli Tipiṭaka, the sacred scriptures of Therevāda Buddhism. This nikāya consists of a various number of books, depending on the recension: fifteen in Thailand, fifteen in Sri Lanka (following Buddhaghosa's list), or eighteen in Burma, covering a wide variety of topics. It is attributed to the Buddha and his chief disciples.

The word khuddaka in the title means ‘small’ in Pāli and Nikāya is ‘collection’. The equivalent collection in the Chinese and Tibetan canons is the Kṣudraka Āgama, but there is substantial variation among the collections.

Āgama (Buddhism)
In Buddhism, an āgama (आगम Sanskrit and Pāli, Tibetan: ལུང་ (Wylie: lung) for "sacred work" or "scripture") is a collection of early Buddhist texts.

The five āgama together comprise the Suttapiṭaka of the early Buddhist schools, which had different recensions of each āgama. In the Pali Canon of the Theravada, the term nikāya is used. The word āgama does not occur in this collection.