hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Goudarz
Goudarz (Persian: گودرز) is a hero from Iranian national history and one of the main figures in the Shahnameh, the national epic of Greater Iran, and progenitor of one of its most prominent families. He is  son of Kashvad, father of Giv and Roham and the grandfather of Bizhan. His first appearance is in the time of Kay Kavus and thereafter he appears almost in every story of the heroic age, sometimes he is the spahbed of Iranian Army. His personality is described very positively with traits such as loyalty, patience and altruism.

Iranian national history
The Iranian national history or national tradition is the collective historical memory of the pre-Islamic Iranians. It combines legendary accounts about the Pishdadians and Kayanians with historical elements about the Arsacids and Sasanians into a coherent national myth of Greater Iran.

Based on the references found in the Avesta, the core of the national history had already formed during the Young Avestan period (c. 900 – c. 400 BCE). It continued to develop during the Achaemenid (550–330 BC) and Parthian period (247 BC–224 AD) and reached its full expression during the Sasanian period (224 - 651 CE). After the Islamization of Iran, it survived by forming the basis of the Shahnameh, Iran's national epic.
Connecticut Naval Militia
The Connecticut Naval Militia was a class of militia of the Armed Forces of the State of Connecticut along with the Connecticut National Guard, the Connecticut State Guard, and the Connecticut State Guard Reserve. The governor of Connecticut is authorized to organize a naval militia as a special force for coastal protection or other appropriate naval services per Connecticut General Statutes. The Connecticut Naval Militia has been inactive for several decades with no current membership.

At some point HMS Rose was requisitioned by the Connecticut General Assembly for use by the Naval Militia as a training ship, and maintained in Bridgeport by a private foundation, rather than with public funds. But after World War II and the consolidation of state naval militias into the US Naval Reserve, the Connecticut Naval Militia fell into obsolescence.

HMS Surprise (replica ship)
HMS Surprise is a modern tall ship built at Lunenburg, Nova Scotia, Canada. The vessel was built in 1970 as HMS Rose to a Phil Bolger design based on the original 18th-century British Admiralty drawings of HMS Rose, a 20-gun sixth-rate post ship from 1757.
Medal of Honor: Underground
Medal of Honor: Underground is a 2000 first-person shooter video game developed by DreamWorks Interactive and published by Electronic Arts. It is the second installment in the Medal of Honor series and was released for the PlayStation with an adapted port later for the Game Boy Advance, developed by Rebellion Developments.

In 2002, the game was re-released in Europe as part of the compilation Medal of Honor / Medal of Honor: Underground. It later was re-released a second time on the North American PlayStation Network for the PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable. It was the last game developed by DreamWorks Interactive when the studio was still jointly owned by Microsoft Games and DreamWorks SKG. During the game's release, the studio was renamed EA Los Angeles.

Danger Close Games
Danger Close Games (formerly DreamWorks Interactive LLC and EA Los Angeles) was an American video game developer based in Los Angeles. The company was founded on March 22, 1995, as joint venture between DreamWorks SKG and Microsoft (later moved to Microsoft Games) under the name DreamWorks Interactive, with studios in Redmond, Washington, and Los Angeles.

In February 2000, the Los Angeles studio of DreamWorks Interactive was acquired by Electronic Arts and renamed EA Los Angeles, and to Danger Close Games in 2010. The studio's sole responsibility after 2010 was to develop games in the Medal of Honor franchise. When the series was put on hold in January 2013, Danger Close was shut down, with some staff moving on to DICE LA (now Ripple Effect Studios), a Los Angeles studio of DICE, another subsidiary of Electronic Arts.
Michael Sledge
Michael Sledge (n. Houston, March 15, 1972) is an American writer. His 2010 debut novel The More I Owe You, about the relationship between Elizabeth Bishop and Lota de Macedo Soares, won the Ferro-Grumley Award in 2011 and was a shortlisted nominee for the Lambda Literary Award in the Lesbian Debut Fiction category at the 23rd Lambda Literary Awards.

Originally from Texas, Sledge previously published the memoir Mother and Son, about his relationship with his mother, who did not fully accept that he had come out as gay, in 1995. At the time, he worked primarily as a technical and science editor.

Lota de Macedo Soares
Maria Carlota "Lota" Costallat de Macedo Soares (16 March 1910 – 25 September 1967) was a Brazilian landscape designer and architect. Despite not having a degree in either area, she was invited by governor Carlos Lacerda to design and oversee the construction of Flamengo Park in Rio de Janeiro. She was born in Paris, France into a prominent political family from Rio de Janeiro.
Rheda-Wiedenbrück station
Rheda-Wiedenbrück station is a passenger station in the Westphalian town of Rheda-Wiedenbrück in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It lies on the Hamm–Minden railway, one of the most heavily trafficked lines in Germany. The Warendorf Railway branches off to the west to Münster. The section of the Warendorf Railway running east to Lippstadt is now closed. The station is located north of central Rheda.

Warendorf Railway
The Warendorf Railway (German: Warendorfer Bahn) is a single-track branch line from Münster via Warendorf to Rheda-Wiedenbrück in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is now served by a train that continues from Rheda-Wiedenbrück to Bielefeld. The line is a section of the former Münster–Rheda–Lippstadt railway and is now operated as part of Deutsche Bahn’s Münster-Ostwestfalen regional network, based in Münster. According to Deutsche Bahn it was the most accident-prone railway line in Germany before 2013.
Minam, Oregon
Minam is an unincorporated community in northwestern Wallowa County, Oregon, United States. It is located at the confluence of the Minam and Wallowa rivers, north of the Wallowa Mountains on Oregon Route 82. Minam is approximately 20 miles (32 km) Northeast of La Grande.

Minam was named after the Minam River, which in turn was named for the Native American name for the locality E-mi-ne-mah, which described a valley or canyon where a plant used for food that resembled a small sunflower was abundant. The form "Minam River" was used as early as 1864. Minam post office was established in 1890, closed in 1891, and was reestablished in 1910. Minam was platted in 1907; a railroad branch through the community to Joseph, completed in 1908, probably prompted the reopening of the post office.

Wallowa River
The Wallowa River is a tributary of the Grande Ronde River, approximately 55 miles (89 km) long, in northeastern Oregon in the United States. It drains a valley on the Columbia Plateau in the northeast corner of the state north of Wallowa Mountains.

The Wallowa Valley was home to Chief Joseph's band of the Nez Perce Tribe. Chief Joseph asked the first white settlers to leave when they arrived in 1871. The U.S. government expelled the tribe and seized their property and livestock in 1877, when non-Indian farmers and ranchers wanted to settle the fertile Wallowa valley.  The tribe was barred from returning to their homeland by the government after repeated petitions.  The tribal members were shipped in unheated box cars to Indian Territory (now Oklahoma) to be placed in a prisoner-of-war camp never to see their home again.
Lucius Attius Macro
Lucius Attius Macro was a Roman senator and general, who was active during the early second century. He was suffect consul in the later part of AD 134 as the colleague of Publius Licinius Pansa. He is known entirely from inscriptions.

After serving as praetor, Macro was legatus legionis or commander of two Roman legions: Legio I Adiutrix, which was stationed at Brigetio in Pannonia Superior; and Legio VII Gemina, which was stationed in Hispania Tarraconensis. Senators rarely commanded more than one legion in their career; in compiling a list of all men known to have commanded two or more, Anthony Birley identified only thirty-three men. Attius Macro is also attested as governor of Pannonia Inferior immediately before he acceded to the consulate; Werner Eck dates his tenure in that province from the year 130 to 134.

After he stepped down from the consulate, the life of Attius Macro is a blank.

Pannonia Inferior
Pannonia Inferior, lit. Lower Pannonia, was a province of the Roman Empire. Its capital was Sirmium. It was one of the border provinces on the Danube. It was formed in the year 103 AD by Emperor Trajan who divided the former province of Pannonia into two parts: Pannonia Superior and Pannonia Inferior. The province included parts of present-day states of Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The province was bordered to the east (across the Danube) by a Sarmatian tribe—the Iazyges. Later, the Vandals appeared to the north-east.
Loxogrammoideae
Loxogrammoideae is a small subfamily of the fern family Polypodiaceae in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), with two genera, Dictymia and Loxogramme. The subfamily was previously considered to be a separate family, Loxogrammaceae Ching ex Pic.Serm., and is also treated as the tribe Loxogrammeae within a very broadly defined family Polypodiaceae sensu lato. Molecular phylogenetic studies place the group within Polypodiaceae.

Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group
The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (PPG) is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish on the classification of pteridophytes (lycophytes and ferns) that reflects knowledge about plant relationships discovered through phylogenetic studies. In 2016, the group published a classification for extant pteridophytes, termed "PPG I". The paper had 94 authors (26 principal and 68 additional).
The classification was presented as a consensus classification supported by the community of fern taxonomists. Alternative classifications of ferns exist and are preferred by some.
Reva, Virginia
Reva is an unincorporated community in Culpeper County, Virginia, United States.  Reva was named for Reva Burgess, the daughter of Walter Burgess.  The first Reva post office opened on March 24, 1893.  A second Reva post office and store opened in 1907 at the intersection of Reva Road and Shanktown Road, eventually becoming the center of Reva.  In 1977, the Reva post office relocated to the intersection of US-29 and Reva Road (Route 633), adjoining the Reva Market. The Reva Market, a convenience store specializing in fresh prepared breakfasts and ice cream, is Reva's only store.  The Reva Market is located near the original Brown's Store polling location.

Reva has a volunteer fire department located at the intersection of Birmingham Road and US-29.

Reva is in the Brown's Store precinct of the Salem Magisterial District, Virginia.

Culpeper County, Virginia
Culpeper County is a United States county located in the north-central part of the Piedmont region of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The county is included in the Washington–Baltimore–Arlington, DC–MD–VA–WV–PA Combined Statistical Area, and its population was 52,552 as of the 2020 census. Its county seat is the town of Culpeper.

Culpeper County was created in 1749, and its first county surveyor was a young George Washington.  The county and its residents played notable roles in America's early wars, including raising the Culpeper Minutemen, a militia that fought in both the Revolutionary War and the Civil War.
Trzebiatów, Stargard County
Trzebiatów [tʂɛˈbjatuf] (German: Treptow) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stargard, within Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) east of Stargard and 42 km (26 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 341.

Gmina Stargard
Gmina Stargard is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Stargard, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 318.47 square kilometres (123.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 11,322.

Until December 31, 2015, gmina was known as Gmina Stargard Szczeciński.
Christian IV's expeditions to Greenland
Christian IV's expeditions  were sent by King Christian IV of Denmark-Norway to Greenland and Arctic waterways during the years 1605–1607. The expeditions were commissioned in order to locate the lost Eastern Norse Settlement and reassert sovereignty over Greenland.

Christian IV of Denmark
Christian IV (12 April 1577 – 28 February 1648) was King of Denmark and Norway and Duke of Holstein and Schleswig from 1588 until his death in 1648. His reign of 59 years and 330 days is the longest of any Scandinavian monarch.

A member of the House of Oldenburg, Christian began his personal rule of Denmark-Norway in 1596 at the age of 19. He is remembered as one of the most popular, ambitious, and proactive Danish-Norwegian kings, having initiated many reforms and projects. Christian IV obtained for his kingdoms a level of stability and wealth that was virtually unmatched elsewhere in Europe. He engaged Denmark-Norway in numerous wars, most notably the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), which devastated much of Germany, undermined the Danish economy, and cost Denmark-Norway some of its conquered territories.
He rebuilt and renamed the Norwegian capital Oslo as Christiania after himself, a name used until 1925.
South, Luton
South is the name for a ward in the southern part of Luton, in the Luton district, in the ceremonial county of Bedfordshire, England. The ward includes New Town, Park Town, Chapel Langley, Capability Green and most of Luton town centre. Junction 10 of the M1 is just outside the ward. Both Luton Airport Parkway and Luton railway station are located within the ward. London Luton Airport is close by.

New Town, Luton
New Town is a district of Luton, just south east of the town centre, in Bedfordshire, England. It is roughly bounded by Castle Street and London Road to the west, Seymour Road to the east, New Town Street to the north, and Cutenhoe Road to the south.
Dąbrówka-Marianka
Dąbrówka-Marianka [dɔmˈbrufka maˈrjanka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zgierz, within Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-east of Zgierz and 12 km (7 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Zgierz
Gmina Zgierz is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Zgierz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Zgierz, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 199.05 square kilometres (76.9 sq mi), and as of 31.12.2007 its total population is 11,766.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Łódź Hills Landscape Park.
4th Central Bureau of the Chinese Communist Party
The 4th Central Bureau of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), formally the Central Bureau of the 4th Central Executive Committee of the Communist Party of China, was elected at the 1st plenary session of the 4th Central Executive Committee of the CCP on 22 January 1925 in the aftermath of the 4th National Congress. This electoral term was preceded by the 3rd Central Bureau and succeeded by the 5th Politburo.

4th Central Executive Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The 4th Central Executive Committee of the Chinese Communist Party (Chinese: 中国共产党第四届中央执行委员会) was in session from 1925 to 1927, and was the last central committee to have the term 'executive' in its title.  It was set into motion by the 4th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.  This would be followed by the 5th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

Its first plenary session elected the 4th Central Bureau of the Chinese Communist Party in 1925.  After this point, the Central Bureau was known as the Politburo.  It was most certainly preceded by the 3rd Central Executive Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.
Ralph Cloninger
Ralph Cloninger (1888–1962) was an American actor.

He was born April 20, 1888, in Texas. He died June 17, 1962, in Los Angeles, California.

He was known for his film performances in Monte Cristo (1922), Hearts Aflame (1923), and as a leading star in Winds of the Pampas (1927).

Venues where he performed in person included the Beaver Opera House in Beaver, Utah.

He was the leading man in the Wilkes players' performance of Common Clay, in Salt Lake City in 1917.

Monte Cristo (1922 film)
Monte Cristo is a 1922 American silent drama film produced and distributed by Fox Film Corporation and directed by Emmett J. Flynn. It is based on the 1844 novel The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexandre Dumas, which was adapted by 19th century thespian Charles Fechter and written for this screen version by Bernard McConville. John Gilbert plays the hero with Estelle Taylor as the leading lady. This film was long thought lost until a print surfaced in the Czech Republic. The film has been released on DVD, packaged with Gilbert's 1926 MGM film Bardelys the Magnificent.
Sean Lumpkin
Sean Franklin Lumpkin (born January 4, 1970) is an American former professional football player who was a safety for the New Orleans Saints of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for four years with the Minnesota Gophers, accruing numerous awards:

1990: All Big Ten Second team

1991: All Big-Ten First-team, Bronko Nagurski Award (Team MVP), Carl Eller Award (Outstanding Defensive Player), Captain

Lumpkin was selected by New Orleans in the fourth round of the 1992 NFL draft with the 106th overall pick, and he played 67 games for the Saints between 1992 and 1996. He was released by the Saints in June 1997.

Lumpkin grew up in Golden Valley, Minnesota, and graduated from Benilde-St. Margaret's School where he is one of a handful of notable alumni.

Benilde-St. Margaret's
Benilde-St. Margaret's is a Catholic, co-educational private prep school for grades 6–12 located in St. Louis Park, Minnesota, that draws its over one thousand students from throughout the Twin Cities Metro Area.  It is located in the Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis.
Shaun Bailey (cricketer)
Shaun Peter Bailey (born 19 February 1990) is an English cricketer. He is a right-handed batsman and a right-arm medium-fast bowler who played for Northamptonshire.

Bailey was born at Norwich and made his cricketing debut in the East Anglian Premier Cricket League for Swardeston at the age of thirteen. He was educated at Hockham School and Wayland Community High School, first played for Northamptonshire's Second XI in the 2005 Second XI Championship. Following an appearance in the 2007 MCCA Trophy, Bailey made his only first-class appearance in 2008. After failing to break into the first team, he left Northamptonshire at the end of the 2009 season.

Wayland Academy, Watton
Wayland Academy (formerly Wayland Community High School) is a small mixed secondary school located in Watton in the English county of Norfolk. It is part of the Inspiration Trust, having been part of the Transforming Education in Norfolk Trust group of schools until January 2020.
Leo Wollman
Dr. Leo Wollman (1914–1998), was a New York City medical doctor who assisted transgender individuals with their transitions. In 1979 he served on the founding committee of the Harry Benjamin International Gender Dysphoria Association, now the World Professional Association for Transgender Health, which wrote its first Standards of Care.

He had an uncredited appearance in the film Let Me Die a Woman directed by Doris Wishman. He was also a science and medicine advisor.

Doris Wishman
Doris Wishman (June 1, 1912 – August 10, 2002) was an American filmmaker. She is credited with having directed and produced at least 30 feature films during a career spanning over four decades, most notably in the sexploitation film genre.

A native of New York City, Wishman began her film career as a hobby after the death of her husband in 1958. She made her feature debut with Hideout in the Sun (1960), and went on to direct numerous nudist and sexploitation films, such as Gentlemen Prefer Nature Girls (1963), Behind the Nudist Curtain (1963), and Bad Girls Go to Hell (1965). In the 1970s, she made her first foray into directing pornographic films.

In 1979, Wishman filmed her first and only feature horror film, A Night to Dismember, which she spent several years editing after multiple reels were destroyed during post-production. She made a further three films in the early 2000s before dying in 2002, aged 90.
Scugog River
The Scugog River is a river in the city of Kawartha Lakes in Central Ontario, Canada. It is in the Kawartha Lakes region, is part of the Great Lakes Basin, and is a branch of the Trent-Severn Waterway.

The river flows north from the northeast end of Lake Scugog, goes under Ontario Highway 7, heads through the community of Lindsay where it passes through Trent-Severn Waterway Lock 33 and associated control dams, and reaches its mouth at Sturgeon Lake. Sturgeon Lake flows via the Otonabee River and the Trent River to Lake Ontario.

Sturgeon Lake (Ontario)
Sturgeon Lake is a lake in the Kawartha Lakes region of Ontario, Canada. It is part of the Trent-Severn Waterway. The lake is Y-shaped and has the communities of Fenelon Falls, Lindsay, Sturgeon Point and Bobcaygeon at the north-west, south, central and north-east points of the Y respectively. The lake is approximately 25 km (16 mi) from the southern to the north-eastern extremes, the longer axis.
Malonic ester synthesis
The malonic ester synthesis is a chemical reaction where diethyl malonate or another ester of malonic acid is alkylated at the carbon alpha (directly adjacent) to both carbonyl groups, and then converted to a substituted acetic acid.

A major drawback of malonic ester synthesis is that the alkylation stage can also produce dialkylated structures. This makes separation of products difficult and yields lower.

Malonic acid
Malonic acid  is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH2(COOH)2. The ionized form of malonic acid, as well as its esters and salts, are known as malonates. For example, diethyl malonate is malonic acid's diethyl ester. The name originates from the Greek word μᾶλον (malon) meaning 'apple'.
Columbus Stars (baseball)
The Columbus Stars were a minor league baseball team from Columbus, Georgia, that played in the Southern League in 1885. The team left the league two weeks before the scheduled end of the season with a 49–47 (.510) record.

Southern League (1885–1899)
The Southern League was a Class B and Class C minor league baseball league which operated intermittently in the Southern United States from 1885 to 1899. Financial problems plagued the league and its member teams throughout their existence. It was not unusual for teams to depart the league during the season or for the league to cease operations without completing the season. It was this lack of financial support which ultimately caused the league to permanently disband in 1889. In 1901, a new league, called the Southern Association, was created from its remnants.