hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Austin Rawlinson
Austin Rawlinson, MBE RM (7 November 1902 – 25 November 2000) was one of the first Englishmen to swim the back crawl in competitions, which he has done in ca. 1915.  He won the first British backstroke title (150 yards in 1921), and defended it from 1922 to 1926.  Rawlinson finished fifth in the 100-metre backstroke at the 1924 Summer Olympics.  He also competitively played water polo.

A police officer by profession, he spent most of his free time as a swimming coach, referee and administrator.  He was the head coach of the British swimming team at the 1958 European Championships, and the team manager at the 1960 Summer Olympics.  In the 1961 New Year Honours he was made a Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) for his services to swimming; in 1968 he was appointed as president of Amateur Swimming Association, and in 1994 he was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame.

1961 New Year Honours
The New Year Honours 1961 were appointments by many of the Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. They were announced on 31 December 1960 in the United Kingdom, Australia, New Zealand, Nigeria, and Rhodesia and Nyasaland to celebrate the year passed and mark the beginning of 1961.

At this time honours for Australians were awarded both in the United Kingdom honours, on the advice of the premiers of Australian states, and also in a separate Australia honours list.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.
Aegidienkirche, Braunschweig
The Aegidienkirche or Liebfrauenmünster St. Aegidien is the main Roman Catholic church in the German city of Braunschweig, located in the city centre. It is a hall church in the Gothic style, built to replace a Romanesque building of 1115 which burned down in 1278. It acted as the abbey church to the Benedictine abbey of saints Maria and Aegidius, endowed by Gertrude of Brunswick, and after the monastery's abolition in the Reformation it was used as a Protestant church and for secular use as the Ägidienhalle. Since 1902 part of its former monastic buildings has been used by the Braunschweigisches Landesmuseum. In 1945 it was made a Roman Catholic parish church.

Braunschweigisches Landesmuseum
Braunschweigisches Landesmuseum (BLM) is a history museum in Braunschweig, Germany, operated by the state of Lower Saxony. The museum is scattered on four locations: Vieweghaus, Hinter Ägidien (both in Braunschweig), Kanzlei (Wolfenbüttel) and Bauernhausmuseum (Bortfeld).

The collection covers 500,000 years and includes objects from the history of the Braunschweig area, including culture, economy, technology, folk arts, and social history. Today, the BLM hosts a collection of 600,000 to 800,000 objects.
Distance (SS501 song)
"Distance～君とのキョリ" is South Korean boy band SS501's second Japanese maxi single. It was released barely a month after their successful first single, Kokoro.

The album consists of three songs, "Distance～君とのキョリ", "Gleaming Star", "Wonderful World", and an instrumental version of each track. For the limited edition, they included the Japanese version of "Coward" from their first Korean studio album, S.T 01 Now.

SS501
SS501 (currently promoting as Five O One) is a South Korean boy band consisting of five members: Kim Hyun-joong, Heo Young-saeng, Kim Kyu-jong, Park Jung-min and Kim Hyung-jun. They debuted in 2005 with the EP Warning, which included their first number one song, "Never Again". In 2007, SS501 entered the Japanese market with the maxi single Kokoro, which debuted at number five on the Oricon chart. The following year, in 2008, they became the first South Korean artists to win the award for Best New Artist at the Japan Gold Disc Awards. SS501 has released one studio album and seven EPs in Korean, and two studio albums and three EPs in Japanese. In 2025, after 14 years of inactivity, Kim Hyun-joong, Heo Young-saeng and Kim Kyu-jong reunited for their 20th anniversary as Five O One.
Antifragile (album)
Antifragile is the tenth studio album by the American heavy metal band All That Remains. It was released on January 31, 2025, independently. It is their first album to not feature founding guitarist Oli Herbert, who died on October 17, 2018, and longtime drummer Jason Costa, who had been with the band since their 2008 album Overcome until his departure in 2023. It also is the first album to feature drummer Anthony Barone, the first with bassist Matt Deis since This Darkened Heart, and the only album to feature lead guitarist Jason Richardson.

All That Remains (band)
All That Remains is an American heavy metal band from Springfield, Massachusetts, formed in 1998. They have released ten studio albums, a live CD and DVD, and have sold over a million records worldwide.

The group currently consists of vocalist Philip Labonte, lead guitarist Ken Susi, rhythm guitarist Mike Martin, bassist Matt Deis and drummer Anthony Barone, with Labonte being the last remaining original member. In spite of this, the band's line-up had remained consistent from the release of 2008's Overcome until 2015's The Order of Things, spanning four albums. This line-up changed, however, in September 2015, when long-time bassist Jeanne Sagan left the band, with Aaron Patrick taking her place, and then again in February 2019, when the band confirmed that Jason Richardson would be joining the band to replace the deceased lead guitarist and original member, Oli Herbert. Patrick would be replaced in 2022 by Matt Deis.
Paul Kei Matsuda
Paul Kei Matsuda (born 1970) is a Japanese-born American applied linguist. He is currently a professor of English and the director of second language writing at Arizona State University He has published several articles and edited books on the areas of second language writing, composition studies, and cognitive and linguistic theories of composition.

Cognitive and linguistic theories of composition
Cognitive science and linguistic theory have played an important role in providing empirical research into the writing process and serving the teaching of composition. As for composition theories, there is some dispute concerning the appropriateness of tying these two schools of thought together into one theory of composition. However, their empirical basis for research and ties to the process theory of composition and cognitive science can be thought to warrant some connection.
A Lady of Quality (novel)
A Lady of Quality is a novel published in 1896 by Frances Hodgson Burnett that was the second highest best-selling book in the United States in 1896.  It was the first of series of successful historical novels by Burnett.

In addition to a play version of the novel, which debuted in 1897 featuring Julia Arthur, silent-film adaptations were released in 1913 and 1924.

A Lady of Quality (1924 film)
A Lady of Quality is a 1924 American silent historical drama film directed by Hobart Henley and starring Virginia Valli. Produced and distributed by Universal Pictures, it was based on the 1896 novel A Lady of Quality by Frances Hodgson Burnett. Previous adaptations include the film A Lady of Quality (1913).
Francis Cadell (artist)
Francis Campbell Boileau Cadell RSA (12 April 1883 – 6 December 1937) was a Scottish Colourist painter, renowned for his depictions of the elegant New Town interiors of his native Edinburgh, and for his work on Iona.

From October 2011 to March 2012 the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art held a major solo retrospective of Cadell's work, the first since that held at the National Gallery of Scotland in 1942.

Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art
National Galleries Scotland: Modern (the Scottish National Gallery of Modern Art) is part of National Galleries Scotland, which is based in Edinburgh, Scotland. The Modern houses the collection of modern and contemporary art dating from about 1900 to the present in two buildings, Modern One and Modern Two, that face each other on Belford Road to the west of the city centre.

The Modern has a collection of more than 6000 paintings, sculptures, installations, video work, prints and drawings and also stages major exhibitions.
Bushmaster XM-15
The Bushmaster XM-15 series (or XM15) is a line of AR-15 style semi-automatic rifles and carbines manufactured by Bushmaster Firearms International, LLC. Variants include the Bushmaster M4-type Carbine, Patrolman series, QRC series, Bushmaster XM15-E2S, and the Carbon 15 line.

Bushmaster Firearms International
Bushmaster Firearms International, LLC, is an American firearm manufacturer and distributor. The company's product line revolves around semi-automatic pistol and rifle variants of the M4/AR-15 design. It is currently in full operation and is based in Carson City, Nevada. Bushmaster Firearms is unrelated to the M242 Bushmaster autocannon, which was produced by Northrop Grumman.
North Warren, Pennsylvania
North Warren is a census-designated place located along the Conewango Creek in Conewango Township, Warren County in the state of Pennsylvania, United States.  The community is located to the north of the city of Warren.  As of the 2010 census the population was 1,934 residents. A notable institution located in North Warren is the Warren State Hospital.

Warren County, Pennsylvania
Warren County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,587. Its county seat is Warren. The county was established in 1800 from parts of Allegheny and Lycoming counties; attached to Crawford County until 1805 and then to Venango County until Warren was formally established in 1819.

Warren County makes up the Warren, Pennsylvania micropolitan statistical area. The county is part of the North Central Pennsylvania region of the state.
Nara Narayan
Naranarayan (r.  1554–1587) was the last ruler of the undivided Koch dynasty of the Kamata Kingdom. He succeeded his father, Biswa Singha. Under him the Koch kingdom reached its cultural and political zenith.  Under his rule, and under the military command of his brother Chilarai, he was able to subjugate the entire Brahmaputra Valley, including the Ahom kingdom; besides the Kachari, Tripura kingdoms, as well as the Khyrem, Jaintia and others. This influence was halted when he faced Suleman Karranni, the Sultan of Bengal.

He introduced a silver coin, called the Narayani, that greatly influenced the numismatics of Assam.

Koch dynasty
The Koch dynasty (/kɒtʃ/; 1515–1949) ruled parts of eastern Indian subcontinent in present-day Assam and Bengal. Biswa Singha established power in the erstwhile Kamata Kingdom which had emerged from the decaying Kamarupa Kingdom.  The dynasty came to power by overthrowing the Baro-Bhuyans of the region, who had previously ended the brief rule established by Alauddin Hussain Shah.

The dynasty split into three among the descendants of Biswa Singha's three sons: two antagonistic branches Koch Bihar and Koch Hajo and a third branch at Khaspur. Koch Bihar aligned with the Mughals and the Koch Hajo branch broke up into various sub-branches under the Ahom kingdom.  Koch Bihar became a princely state during British rule and was absorbed after Indian independence. The third branch at Khaspur (Khaspur kingdom) was absorbed completely into the Kachari kingdom. Raikat is a collateral branch of the Koch dynasty that claim descent from the Sisya Singha, the brother of Biswa Singha.
Truemors
Truemors, is a user-created rumor reporting site founded by noted author and venture capitalist Guy Kawasaki.  The service launched in the middle of May 2007 to mixed reviews.

While its home page resembles many list-style sites such as Digg and Reddit, Truemors focuses on "true rumors" in a time-sensitive setting.

Truemors was sold to NowPublic in 2008.

Guy Kawasaki
Guy Takeo Kawasaki (born August 30, 1954) is an American marketing specialist, author, and Silicon Valley venture capitalist. He was one of the Apple employees originally responsible for marketing their Macintosh computer line in 1984. He popularized the word evangelist in marketing the Macintosh as an "Apple evangelist" and the concepts of evangelism marketing and technology evangelism/platform evangelism in general.

From March 2015 until December 2016, Kawasaki sat on the board of trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation, the non-profit operating entity of Wikipedia.

Kawasaki has also written fifteen books, including The Macintosh Way (1990), The Art of the Start (2004), and Wise Guy: Lessons from a Life (2019).
Siege of Chester
53°11′N 2°53′W﻿ / ﻿53.19°N 2.89°W﻿ / 53.19; -2.89

The siege of Chester occurred over a 16-month period between September 1644 and February 1646 during the First English Civil War. In the engagement, Sir William Brereton and the Parliamentarians were ultimately successful in taking possession of the city and Royalist garrison commanded by Lord Byron.

Although the siege spanned nearly one and a half years, the degree to which the city was confined varied in intensity. Throughout the 16-month time period, conflicts continued to occur between the Royalists and the Parliamentarians in Cheshire and during the spring and summer of 1645, the Royalists were successful in causing the Parliamentarians to temporarily lift the siege. Ultimately, however, the Parliamentarians enforced a total blockade and captured the city.

Phoenix Tower, Chester
Phoenix Tower stands at the northeast corner of the city walls in Chester, England.  The tower is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade I listed building.  It has also been known as Newton Tower and King Charles' Tower.
John Giffard (1602–1665)
Colonel John Giffard (1602–1665), (pron. "Jiffard") of Brightley in the parish of Chittlehampton, Devon, England, was a Royalist leader during the Civil War. Giffard commanded the Devon Pikemen at the Battle of Lansdowne in 1643, in which his 3rd cousin the Royalist commander of the Cornish forces Sir Bevil Grenville (1596-1643) was killed in heroic circumstances. Giffard's loyalty to the Royalist cause led to him being proposed in 1660 as a knight of the intended Order of the Royal Oak. He was personally known to the biographer John Prince (1643–1723) who included him as one of his Worthies of Devon. He was buried in Chittlehampton Church, where his small kneeling effigy survives on the base of the monument he erected in 1625 to his grandfather.

Halsbury
Halsbury (pron. "Haulsbury") is a historic manor in the parish of Parkham in North Devon, England. It is situated 2 miles north-east of the village of Parkham and 4 miles south-west of the town of Bideford. Halsbury was long a seat of the ancient Giffard family, a distant descendant of which was the celebrated lawyer Hardinge Stanley Giffard, 1st Earl of Halsbury (1823–1921), who adopted the name Halsbury for his earldom and was the author of the essential legal reference books Halsbury's Statutes. Halsbury Barton, now a farmhouse, retains 16th- and 17th-century elements of the former manor house of the Giffard family. It was described in a record of 1560 as a "new dwelling house".
Hamara Youth Access Point
The Hamara Youth Access Point (Hyap) was a drop-in centre for teens in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, operated by the Hamara Healthy Living Centre, an Islamic charity partly funded by the UK government. The drop-in centre was frequented by several of the suspects in the 7 July 2005 London bombings.

In 2005, police searched the premises and confiscated items such as computer hard drives for forensic investigation  Both Shehzad Tanweer, 22, and Hasib Hussain, 19, who have since been proven to be suicide bombers, frequented Hyap, according to police. The Leeds teacher Mohammed Sadique Khan, 30, also identified by police as a suicide bomber, acted as a mentor to youths at the centre.

The Hyap's status permitted it to apply for grants from the UK government.

Shehzad Tanweer
Shehzad Tanweer (15 December 1982 – 7 July 2005) was a British terrorist. He was one of four men that detonated explosives in three trains on the London Underground and one bus in central London during the 7 July 2005 London bombings. 52 people were killed, plus the bombers themselves, and over 700 were wounded in the attacks.

Tanweer was named by Scotland Yard as the man who detonated the first bomb while travelling eastbound on the Circle Line between Liverpool Street and Aldgate, killing himself and seven of the 52 victims. The other three men were identified as Mohammad Sidique Khan, Germaine Lindsay and Hasib Hussain, all homegrown terrorists killed in the explosions.
Saturnia
Saturnia (Italian: [saˈturnja]) is a spa town in Tuscany in central Italy that has been inhabited since ancient times. It is a frazione of the comune of Manciano, in the province of Grosseto. Famous for the spa which gives it its name, its population is 280.

Manciano
Manciano is a town and comune in the southern part of the province of Grosseto, Tuscany, central Italy. It has a population of about 7,200.

Manciano is 18 kilometres (11 mi) southwest of Pitigliano and 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Orbetello.
Tom Hendry
Tom Hendry (1929 – 2 December 2012) was the co-founder of the Manitoba Theatre Centre in 1958 and, in 2008, the MTC Warehouse Theatre was officially dedicated to Hendry.

Hendry was born in Manitoba. He attended the University of Manitoba in 1947 but was later expelled. Hendry served as head manager for MTC until 1963. He became a manager at Stratford Festival, co-founder of PGOC and Toronto Free Theatre in 1972 and founded the Banff Playwrights Colony in 1974.

Hendry was also a playwright and television writer, including for the CBC Television series King of Kensington. His plays included How Are Things With the Walking Wounded? (1970), The Missionary Position (1971), Fifteen Miles of Broken Glass, Gravediggers of 1942 and Satyricon.

He was named an Officer of the Order of Canada in 1995.

Playwrights Guild of Canada
Playwrights Guild of Canada (PGC) is a Canadian charity that works to advance the creative rights and interests of professional Canadian playwrights; promote Canadian plays, and foster community of writers. It was founded in 1972.
Chemung Township, Illinois
Chemung Township is the northwesternmost township of McHenry County, Illinois, United States.

It includes the bulk and northern part of the city of Harvard, as well as unincorporated communities: Big Foot Prairie (partly in Wisconsin), Lawrence, and Chemung.

As of the 2020 census, its population was 9,035 and it contained 3,294 housing units.

Lawrence, Illinois
Lawrence is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Chemung Township, McHenry County, Illinois, United States. Lawrence is 2 miles (3.2 km) northwest of Harvard. It was named a CDP before the 2020 census, at which time it had a population of 220.
Wang Chih-kang
Wang Chih-kang (Chinese: 王志剛; born 7 September 1942) is a Taiwanese politician.

Wang was the first chairman of the Fair Trade Commission between 1992 and 1996. He then served as Ministry of Economic Affairs until 2000. From July 2008 to September 2014, Wang led the Taiwan External Trade Development Council. In January 2019, Wang was appointed chairman of the Taiwan Institute of Economic Research. Wang has also served on the Central Standing Committee of the Kuomintang.

Fair Trade Commission (Taiwan)
The Fair Trade Commission (FTC; Chinese: 公平交易委員會; pinyin: Gōngpíngjiāoyì Wěiyuánhuì; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kong-pêng Kau-e̍k Úi-oân-hōe) is an independent government agency subordinate to the Executive Yuan which is responsible for competition policy, trade practices, formulating fair trade policy, laws, regulations, investigating activities restricting competition, such as monopolies, mergers, collusions, cartels, and other unfair trade practices on the part of enterprises in the Republic of China (Taiwan).

The FTC is different from other foreign government regulators in that the Consumer Protection functions is administered by the Consumer Protection Committee.
Shyriaieve settlement hromada
Shyriaieve settlement hromada (Ukrainian: Ширяївська селищна громада) is a hromada in Berezivka Raion of Odesa Oblast in southwestern Ukraine. Population: 17,409 (2020 est.)

The hromada consists of a rural settlement of Shyriaieve and 11 villages:

Berezivka Raion
Berezivka Raion (Ukrainian: Березівський район) is a raion (district) in Odesa Oblast of Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Berezivka. Population: 104,969 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Odesa Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Berezivka Raion was significantly expanded. Three abolished raions, Ivanivka, Mykolaivka, and Shyriaieve Raions, as well as part of Lyman Raion, were merged into Berezivka Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 32,760 (2020 est.).
Hickleton Main Colliery
Hickleton Main Colliery was a coal mine in Thurnscoe, South Yorkshire, England from 1892 to 1988.  In 1933 it employed 2,560 people underground and 500 on the surface. The coal mine's union lodge was the 400th recipient of the Order of Industrial Heroism.

On 9 February 1944, King George VI and Queen Elizabeth visited the colliery and thanked the miners for their war effort during World War II.

In 2006 a black granite memorial was erected in Thurnscoe cemetery bearing the names of the 161 miners who died at the pit over the years.

The site of the colliery now forms Phoenix Park in Thurnscoe.

Thurnscoe
Thurnscoe is a village in the Metropolitan Borough of Barnsley in South Yorkshire, England. The village falls within the Dearne North ward of the Barnsley Metropolitan Borough Council, and along with Goldthorpe and Bolton upon Dearne is part of the Dearne Towns. Historically within the West Riding of Yorkshire, the village is approximately 8.5 miles (14 km) from Barnsley and 8.5 miles (14 km) from Doncaster. It is served by Thurnscoe railway station with bus links provided by Stagecoach. In 2011, it had a population of 8,687.
Baden (wine region)
Baden is a region (Anbaugebiet) for quality wine in Germany, and is located in the historical region of Baden in southwestern Germany, which today forms part of the federal state of Baden-Württemberg. Under German wine legislation, Baden and Württemberg are separate wine regions.

With 15,906 hectares (39,300 acres) under vine in 2008, Baden is Germany's third largest wine region, but seems to be much less known on export markets in comparison to many smaller German regions, and in comparison to the neighbouring French region of Alsace, which is of similar size. Winemaking cooperatives are very common in Baden, number around 100, and are responsible for 85% of the region's production.

Pinot blanc
Pinot blanc (French pronunciation: [pino blɑ̃] ⓘ) or Pinot bianco is a white wine grape. It is a point genetic mutation of Pinot noir. Pinot noir is genetically unstable and will occasionally experience a point mutation in which a vine bears all black fruit except for one cane which produces white fruit.