hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Smodingium
Smodingium argutum, the African poison ivy or pain bush, is a southern African shrub or medium-sized tree in the Anacardiaceae, which has properties comparable to the American poison ivy, as its sap contains heptadecyl catechols that are toxic to the skin.

An immuno-chemical reaction is suspected as in other toxic anacardiaceous species. It is monotypic in the genus Smodingium, and was discovered in Pondoland by J. F. Drège during an 1832 expedition with the zoologist Andrew Smith.

Toxicodendron radicans
Toxicodendron radicans, commonly known as eastern poison ivy or poison ivy, is a species of allergenic flowering plant. It has numerous subtaxons and forms both vines and shrubs. Despite its common name, it is not a true ivy, but rather a member of the cashew and sumac family, Anacardiaceae. It is different from western poison ivy, Toxicodendron rydbergii, and resembles a number of species.

The species is found in North America. Although commonly eaten by animals, with birds consuming the seeds, T. radicans is considered a noxious weed. As a poison ivy, it causes urushiol-induced contact dermatitis in most people who touch it, producing an itchy, irritating, and sometimes painful rash.
Lenny Bruce
Leonard Alfred Schneider (October 13, 1925 – August 3, 1966), better known by his stage name Lenny Bruce, was an American stand-up comedian, social critic, and satirist. He was renowned for his open, free-wheeling, and critical style of comedy that combined satire, politics, religion, sex, and vulgarity. His 1964 conviction in an obscenity trial was followed by a posthumous pardon in 2003.

Bruce forged new paths in comedy and counterculture. His trial for obscenity was a landmark of freedom of speech in the United States. In 2017, Rolling Stone magazine ranked Bruce third, behind Richard Pryor and George Carlin, on its list of the 50 best stand-up comics of all time.

Obscenity
An obscenity is any utterance or act that strongly offends the prevalent morality of the time. It is derived from the Latin obscēnus, obscaenus, "boding ill; disgusting; indecent", of uncertain etymology. Generally, the term can be used to indicate strong moral repugnance and outrage in expressions such as "obscene profits" and "the obscenity of war". As a legal term, it usually refers to descriptions and depictions of people engaged in sexual and excretory activity.
San Francisco City Hall
San Francisco City Hall is the seat of government for the City and County of San Francisco, California. Re-opened in 1915 in its open space area in the city's Civic Center, it is a Beaux-Arts monument to the City Beautiful movement that epitomized the high-minded American Renaissance of the 1880s to 1917. The structure's dome is taller than that of the United States Capitol by 42 feet (13 m). The present building replaced an earlier City Hall that was destroyed during the 1906 earthquake, which was two blocks from the present one.

The principal architect was Arthur Brown, Jr., of Bakewell & Brown, whose attention to the finishing details extended to the doorknobs and the typeface to be used in signage. Brown also designed the San Francisco War Memorial Opera House, Veterans Building, Temple Emanuel, Coit Tower and the Federal office building at 50 United Nations Plaza.

American Renaissance
The American Renaissance was a period of American architecture and the arts from 1876 to 1917, characterized by renewed national self-confidence and a feeling that the United States was the heir to Greek democracy, Roman law, and Renaissance humanism. Local conditions and requirements of America, including the aforementioned nationalism, spurred this change of style, allowing it to slowly develop over time in various places around the United States. The era spans the period between the Centennial Exposition (celebrating the 100th anniversary of the signing of the Declaration of Independence) and the United States' entry into World War I.
Patrol torpedo boat PT-109
PT-109 was an 80-foot (24 m) Elco PT boat (patrol torpedo boat) last commanded by Lieutenant (junior grade) John F. Kennedy, future United States president, in the Solomon Islands campaign of the Pacific theater during World War II. Kennedy's actions in saving his surviving crew after PT-109 was rammed and sunk by a Japanese destroyer earned him several commendations and made him a war hero. Back problems stemming from the incident required months of hospitalization at Chelsea Naval Hospital and plagued him the rest of his life.  Kennedy's postwar campaigns for elected office often referred to his service on PT-109.

Kolombangara
Kolombangara (sometimes spelled Kulambangara) is an island in the New Georgia Islands group of the nation state of Solomon Islands in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. The name is from a local language, a rough translation of its meaning is "Water Lord" with approximately 80 rivers and streams running down its flanks.
Shoki Shoki
Shoki Shoki is an album by the Nigerian musician Femi Kuti, released in 1998. The album was released in the United States by MCA Records in 2000. A remix album, Shoki Remixed, was released the same year.

Nigeria's military government banned the album's second track, "Beng beng beng", due to its objections to the sexual subject matter.

Femi Kuti
Olufela Olufemi Anikulapo Kuti (born 16 June 1962), popularly known as Femi Kuti, is a Nigerian musician born in London and raised in Lagos. He is the eldest son of Afrobeat pioneer Fela Kuti and a grandchild of political campaigner, women's rights activist and traditional aristocrat Funmilayo Ransome-Kuti.

Femi Kuti began his musical career playing in his father's band, Egypt 80. In 1986, Femi started his own band, Positive Force, establishing himself as an artist independent of his father's legacy.
Shane Bauer
Shane Bauer is an American journalist, best known for his undercover reporting for Mother Jones magazine. He has won several awards including the Harvard's Goldsmith Prize for Investigative Reporting and the National Magazine Award for Best Reporting.

Goldsmith Prize for Investigative Reporting
The Goldsmith Prize for Investigative Reporting is an award for journalists administered by the Shorenstein Center on Media, Politics and Public Policy at Harvard University. The program was launched in 1991, with the goal of exposing examples of poor government, and encouraging good government in the United States. There is a $25,000 award for the winner.

The Goldsmith Awards Program is financially supported by an annual grant from the Greenfield Foundation.
Meyne Wyatt
Meyne Wyatt (born 1989) is an Aboriginal Australian actor, known for his stage, film, and television roles. In 2012, he played a supporting role in the musical comedy film The Sapphires and also made his debut with the Bell Shakespeare company. His appearance in the second season of Redfern Now earned him nominations at the 2014 Logie Awards and at the 3rd AACTA Awards. From 2014 to 2016, Wyatt played the ongoing role of Nate Kinski in Neighbours.

Archibald Prize
The Archibald Prize is an Australian portraiture art prize for painting, generally seen as the most prestigious portrait prize in Australia. It was first awarded in 1921 after the receipt of a bequest from J. F. Archibald, the editor of The Bulletin who died in 1919. It is administered by the trustees of the Art Gallery of New South Wales and awarded for "the best portrait, preferentially of some man or woman distinguished in Art, Letters, Science or Politics, painted by an artist resident in Australia during the twelve months preceding the date fixed by the trustees for sending in the pictures". The Archibald Prize has been awarded annually since 1921 (with two exceptions) and since July 2015 the prize has been AU$100,000.
Rectus abdominis muscle
The rectus abdominis,  (Latin: straight abdominal) also known as the "abdominal muscle" or simply better known as the "abs", and sometimes informally referred to as the "six-pack", is a pair of segmented skeletal muscle on the ventral aspect of a person's abdomen. The paired muscle is separated at the midline by a band of dense connective tissue called the linea alba, and the connective tissue defining each lateral margin of the rectus abdominus is the linea semilunaris. The muscle extends from the pubic symphysis, pubic crest and pubic tubercle inferiorly, to the xiphoid process and costal cartilages of the 5th–7th ribs superiorly.

The rectus abdominis muscle is contained in the rectus sheath, which consists of the aponeuroses of the lateral abdominal muscles. Each rectus abdominus is traversed by bands of connective tissue called the tendinous intersections, which interrupt it into distinct muscle bellies.

Aponeurosis
An aponeurosis (/ˌæpənjʊəˈroʊsɪs/; pl.: aponeuroses) is a flattened tendon by which muscle attaches to bone or fascia. Aponeuroses exhibit an ordered arrangement of collagen fibres, thus attaining high tensile strength in a particular direction while being vulnerable to tensional or shear forces in other directions. They have a shiny, whitish-silvery color, are histologically similar to tendons, and are very sparingly supplied with blood vessels and nerves. When dissected, aponeuroses are papery and peel off by sections. The primary regions with thick aponeuroses are in the ventral abdominal region, the dorsal lumbar region, the ventriculus in birds, and the palmar (palms) and plantar (soles) regions.
Baltimore, Ontario
Baltimore is a village located in the southeast portion of Hamilton Township in Northumberland County in central Ontario. It is just north of the town of Cobourg, located at the intersection of County Road 45 (formerly Highway 45) and County Road 74 (Dale Road).

Baltimore was first occupied by the Irish immigrant John McCarty around 1805, and was named after his family's ancestral home in Baltimore, County Cork, Ireland. It is best known today for the presence of historic Ball's Mill, built in 1842, and as the birthplace of Letitia Youmans (1827).

Letitia Youmans
Letitia Youmans (3 January 1827 – 16 July 1896) was a Canadian school teacher who became an activist for the temperance movement. Youmans founded and served as the first president of the Ontario chapter of the Women's Christian Temperance Union. She also served as editorial writer for the IOGT's Temperance Union.
Haggerston railway station
Haggerston is a station on the Windrush line of the London Overground, located in Haggerston, East London. It lies between Hoxton and Dalston Junction stations, is in London fare zone 2, and is open 24 hours on a Friday and Saturday as part of the London Overground Night Service. The station was rebuilt as part of the East London line extension in the late 2000s.

The station is located on the Kingsland Viaduct at the junction of Arbutus Street and Frederick Terrace, near Kingsland Road. The main entrance is in Lee Street.

North London Railway
The North London Railway (NLR) company had lines connecting the northern suburbs of London with the Port of London further east. The main east to west route is now part of London Overground's North London Line. Other NLR lines fell into disuse but were later revived as part of the Docklands Light Railway, and London Overground's East London Line. The company was originally called the East and West India Docks and Birmingham Junction Railway (E&WID&BJR) from its start in 1850, until 1853. In 1909, it entered into an agreement with the London and North Western Railway (LNWR) which introduced common management, and the NLR was taken over completely by the LNWR in 1922. The LNWR itself became part of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) from the start of 1923. The railways were nationalised in 1948 and most LMS lines, including the North London route, then came under the control of the London Midland Region of British Railways.
Nyeri Town Constituency
Nyeri Town Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of six constituencies in Nyeri County. The constituency in its current form was established for the 1988 elections, after splitting of former Nyeri Constituency into two; Tetu Constituency and Nyeri Town constituency.

Nyeri County
Nyeri County is a county located in the Mount Kenya region of Kenya. Its capital and largest town is Nyeri. It had a population of 759,164 according to the 2019 census and an area of 2361 km2.

Mutahi Kahiga was governor as of 2022. Previous governors include Nderitu Gachagua, who died while receiving treatment in London, Wamathai Samuel Githaiga, and Wahome Gakuru, who died in a road accident at Kabati near Kenol heading towards Thika Super Highway. It is also the home county of the third president of Kenya, the late President Mwai Kibaki.
Epic of evolution
In social, cultural, and religious studies in the United States, the "epic of evolution" is a narrative that blends religious and scientific views of cosmic, biological, and sociocultural evolution in a mythological manner. According to The Encyclopedia of Religion and Nature, an "epic of evolution" encompasses

the 14 billion year narrative of cosmic, planetary, life, and cultural evolution—told in sacred ways. Not only does it bridge mainstream science and a diversity of religious traditions; if skillfully told, it makes the science story memorable and deeply meaningful, while enriching one's religious faith or secular outlook.

Michael Dowd
Michael Dowd (/daʊd/; November 19, 1958 – October 7, 2023) was an American author, Christian minister (United Church of Christ and Universal Life Church), lecturer, and advocate of ecotheology and post-doom.
R101 (South Africa)
The R101 is a Regional Route in South Africa that is the designation for some of the old sections of roads that were previously the N1, prior to upgrading. It only has 2 sections, from Bellville to Worcester and from Sandton to Polokwane.

Ben Schoeman Freeway
The Ben Schoeman Freeway or Ben Schoeman Highway is the main freeway between Johannesburg and Pretoria, and consists of portions of the M1, N1, and N14. Opened in 1968, it is named after former Minister of Transport Ben Schoeman, and is undoubtedly the busiest road in South Africa.
Queen of Outer Space
Queen of Outer Space is a 1958 American science fiction film shot in DeLuxe Color and CinemaScope. Produced by Ben Schwalb and directed by Edward Bernds, it stars Zsa Zsa Gabor, with Eric Fleming, Laurie Mitchell and Lisa Davis in featured roles. The screenplay by Charles Beaumont, about a revolt against a cruel Venusian queen, is based on an idea supplied by Ben Hecht and originally titled Queen of the Universe. Upon its release, the film was promoted by Allied Artists and distributed to some locations as a double feature with Frankenstein 1970 starring Boris Karloff.

Zsa Zsa Gabor
Zsa Zsa Gabor (born Sári Gábor; February 6, 1917 – December 18, 2016) was a Hungarian-American socialite and actress. Her sisters were socialite Magda Gabor and actress and businesswoman Eva Gabor.

Gabor competed in the 1933 Miss Hungary pageant, where she placed as second runner-up. She began her stage career in Vienna the following year. Gabor emigrated from Hungary to the United States in 1941 and became a sought-after actress with "European flair and style". Her first film role was a supporting role in Lovely to Look At, released in 1952. The same year, she appeared in We're Not Married! and in her most famous film, Moulin Rouge. Gabor appeared in more than 70 movies, and her acting career continued into the 1990s.

Outside of her career, Gabor was famous for her glamour, her extravagant Hollywood lifestyle, and her series of marriages. Gabor had nine husbands, including hotel magnate Conrad Hilton and actor George Sanders.
Japanese Style Originator
Wafū Sōhonke (和風総本家) was a TV program produced by TV Osaka and aired on the TV Tokyo network. An edited version was shown on the Netflix streaming service, using the title "Japanese Style Originator". The show also aired with English subtitles on Nippon Golden Network.

The first iteration of the program had the format of a quiz show with one presenter or MC and five panelists. Panelists had to answer questions about Japanese etiquette, food, tradition, culture, and conventions to score points. The program often included meibutsu or tokusanhin in its final segment. In Japanese Style Originator - 2nd Generation, the format was updated to have the panelists simply giving commentary on the aired segments.

TV Osaka
JOBH-DTV (channel 7), branded as TV Osaka (テレビ大阪; TVO), is a Japanese television station serving as the affiliate of the TX Network for the Osaka prefecture. Owned-and-operated by Television Osaka, Inc. (テレビ大阪株式会社, Terebi Ōsaka Kabushiki Gaisha), the station's headquarters and studios are in the Chūō-ku ward of Osaka. Nikkei, Inc. is the biggest shareholder of TVO. The mascot character is "Takoru-kun" (たこるくん).

Television Osaka, Inc. was founded in 1981 as part of the reorganization of Tokyo Channel 12 Ltd (now TV Tokyo). On March 1 the following year, TV Osaka started broadcasting as the first affiliate of the "Mega TON Network" (メガTONネットワーク, now TX Network) outside of Tokyo.
Move It Like This (song)
"Move It Like This" is a song recorded by the Bahamian pop group Baha Men. It was released on 17 February 2002 as the second and title single from the seventh album of the same name. The song reached number 13 on the New Zealand RIANZ list, number 13 on the Canadian Singles Chart and number 65 on the Swiss Music Charts.

Move It Like This
Move It Like This is the seventh studio album released by Bahamas-based group Baha Men. It was released in 2002 under the S-Curve label. The album includes a cover of Harry Nilsson's "Coconut". None of the songs rose to success, including the album's title single "Move It Like This," but the album did chart  at number 57 on the Billboard 200. Two of the songs were used in feature films including "Move It Like This" (Big Fat Liar) and "Best Years of Our Lives" (Shrek). One of the VEE's Shows used this song in "Barney Live in Concert".
The Son of the Red Corsair (1943 film)
The Son of the Red Corsair (Italian: Il figlio del corsaro rosso) is a 1943 Italian historical adventure film directed by Marco Elter and starring Vittorio Sanipoli, Luisa Ferida and Memo Benassi. It is an adaptation of the 1908 novel The Son of the Red Corsair by Emilio Salgari. It was shot at Cinecittà Studios in Rome. The film's sets were designed by the art director Gino Morici.

The Son of the Red Corsair (novel)
The Son of the Red Corsair (original title: Il figlio del corsaro rosso) is an exotic adventure novel written by Italian author Emilio Salgari, published in 1908. Amidst many film versions, the novel was adapted for the silver screen in Italy in 1959.
Nether Providence Township, Pennsylvania
Nether Providence Township is a township in Delaware County, Pennsylvania, United States. Many residents refer to the township by the name of its largest community, Wallingford, because the Wallingford postal code is used for most of the township. The population of the township was 13,706 at the 2010 census.

Delaware County, Pennsylvania
Delaware County, colloquially referred to as Delco, is in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. With a population of 576,830 as of the 2020 census, it is the fifth-most populous county in Pennsylvania and the third-smallest in area. The county was created on September 26, 1789, from part of Chester County and named for the Delaware River. The county is part of the Philadelphia metropolitan area, or Delaware Valley, region of the commonwealth.

Delaware County borders Philadelphia, the nation's sixth-most populous city, to its northeast. It also is adjacent to the city-county of Philadelphia County and is included in the Philadelphia–Camden–Wilmington, PA–NJ–DE–MD metropolitan statistical area. Its county seat is Media, which is located near the center of the county.
Umm al-Tabul Mosque
The Umm al-Tabul Mosque (Arabic: جامع أم الطبول, romanized: Jami' Umm al-Tabul) is a large mosque located in the Yarmouk neighborhood of Baghdad, in the Baghdad Governorate of Iraq. Built in commemoration of the officers participating in the 1959 Mosul uprising, the mosque is notable for its unique architecture which takes inspiration from Egyptian Islamic architecture, specifically the Citadel of Saladin in Cairo. It is one of the closest mosques to the Baghdad International Airport.

Yarmouk, Baghdad
Yarmouk (Arabic, اليرموك) is an upmarket neighborhood (67th) located within Mansour district in Baghdad, Iraq. It is adjacent to Baghdad Airport Road. Built in the 1950s, it was once home to numbers of high-ranking officials from Abdul-Karim Qasim's government. Yarmouk is now inhabited by people from both the Shia and Sunni sects, while it used to be the home of many Sunni officials during Saddam Hussein's rule. Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital is located in Yarmouk, along with Al Yarmouk University College. The Zip code is 10015.

Yarmouk is bordered by three important urban square—Jordan Intersection, Yarmouk Square and Qahtan Square. The Yarmouk Square is home to a statue of the former president of Iraq Ahmed Hassan al-Bakr.
Ishq Murshid
Ishq Murshid (transl. Love Guide) is a romantic, light-hearted Pakistani television series directed by Farooq Rind and produced by Moomal Entertainment and MD Productions. It aired from October 8th, 2023, to May 5th, 2024, on Hum TV and starred Bilal Abbas Khan and Durefishan Saleem in the lead roles. The final episode of the series released theatrically on 3 May 2024, and broadcast on 5 May 2024.

The series received mixed reviews from critics for its plot and characters, but despite this, it achieved a high TRP rating of 22.3, the highest for the network.

Farooq Rind
Farooq Rind is a Pakistani television director. He is best known for his drama serials Sanjha, Rishtay Kuch Adhooray Se, Mere Meherbaan and telefilm Nao Main Darya, which earned him several awards and nominations. He won Hum Award for Best Director Drama Serial for the serial Sanjha.
Kujang Estate
Kujang Estate was a small zamindari or estate located on the northern coast of the present-day state of Odisha in India. It was founded by Mallik Sandha, a teacher who established the Sandha dynasty. According to several sources, the Kujang kings enthusiastically patronized and spread education in their lands and played an important role in the Indian Independence Movement in Odisha.

Kujang, Odisha
Kujang is a large village in Odisha, India. It is known as the gateway to the Paradip industrial area and most preferable residential hub. The literacy rate of Kujang is around 90.48%, which is above the national average of 74.04%. Correspondingly, the "Bana Bihari High School", a prominent local school which was founded in 1901, is located in Kujang.
Theodore Beza
Theodore Beza (Latin: Theodorus Beza; French: Théodore de Bèze or de Besze; 24 June 1519 – 13 October 1605) was a French Calvinist Protestant theologian, reformer and scholar who played an important role in the Protestant Reformation. He was a disciple of John Calvin and lived most of his life in Geneva. Beza succeeded Calvin as the spiritual leader of the Republic of Geneva.

Protestant Reformers
Protestant Reformers were theologians whose careers, works and actions brought about the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century.

In the context of the Reformation, Martin Luther was the first reformer, sharing his views publicly in 1517, followed by Andreas Karlstadt and Philip Melanchthon at Wittenberg, who promptly joined the new movement. In 1519, Huldrych Zwingli became the first reformer to express a form of the Reformed tradition.

Listed are the most influential reformers only. They are listed by movement, although some reformers influenced multiple movements and are included in each respective section.