hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nonnegative matrix
In mathematics, a nonnegative matrix, written

is a matrix in which all the elements are equal to or greater than zero, that is,

A positive matrix is a matrix in which all the elements are strictly greater than zero. The set of positive matrices is the interior of the set of all non-negative matrices. While such matrices are commonly found, the term "positive matrix" is only occasionally used due to the possible confusion with positive-definite matrices, which are different. A matrix which is both non-negative and is positive semidefinite is called a doubly non-negative matrix.

A rectangular non-negative matrix can be approximated by a decomposition with two other non-negative matrices via non-negative matrix factorization.

Eigenvalues and eigenvectors of square positive matrices are described by the Perron–Frobenius theorem.

Non-negative matrix factorization
Non-negative matrix factorization (NMF or NNMF), also non-negative matrix approximation is a group of algorithms in multivariate analysis and linear algebra where a matrix V is factorized into (usually) two matrices W and H, with the property that all three matrices have no negative elements. This non-negativity makes the resulting matrices easier to inspect. Also, in applications such as processing of audio spectrograms or muscular activity, non-negativity is inherent to the data being considered. Since the problem is not exactly solvable in general, it is commonly approximated numerically.

NMF finds applications in such fields as astronomy, computer vision, document clustering, missing data imputation, chemometrics, audio signal processing, recommender systems, and bioinformatics.
Rock Express Top 100 Yugoslav Rock Songs of All Times
100 najboljih pesama svih vremena YU rocka (Top 100 Yugoslav Rock Songs of All Times) was a list compiled by the Serbian music magazine Rock Express. In 1999, Rock Express started the poll for the selection of top 100 Yugoslav rock songs. The whole list was published in the 25th issue of Rock Express, in 2000. The list contains rock music songs from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the songs from successor states.

Ekatarina Velika
Ekatarina Velika (Serbian Cyrillic: Екатарина Велика, lit. 'Catherine the Great'), sometimes referred to as EKV (Serbian Cyrillic: ЕКВ) for short, was a Serbian and Yugoslav rock band from Belgrade, and was one of the most successful and influential Yugoslav music acts.

Initially called Katarina II (Serbian Cyrillic: Катарина II, lit. 'Catherine II'), the band had built up a devoted following that greatly intensified and expanded after the death of its frontman Milan Mladenović in 1994, which caused the band to dissolve. The group's core consisted of singer and guitarist Milan Mladenović, keyboardist Margita Stefanović and bassist Bojan Pečar, with other members mostly remaining for comparatively shorter periods.
110 block
A 110 block is a type of punch-down block used to terminate runs of on-premises wiring in a structured cabling system. The designation 110 is also used to describe a type of insulation displacement contact (IDC) connector used to terminate twisted pair cables, which uses a punch-down tool similar to the type used for the older 66 block.

Punch-down block
A punch-down block (also punchdown block, punch block, punchblock, quick-connect block and other variations) is a type of electrical connection often used in telephony. It is named because the solid copper wires are "punched down" into short open-ended slots which are a type of insulation-displacement connector. These slots, usually cut crosswise (not lengthwise) across an insulating plastic bar, contain two sharp metal blades which cut through the wire's insulation as it is punched down. These blades hold the wire in position and make the electrical contact with the wire as well.
Fiddleworms
Fiddleworms is an American rock music group from Muscle Shoals, Alabama. The band was originally formed in 1994 by Russell Mefford, Chris Quillen, Scott Kennedy, and Matt Ross. Later, Rob Malone (formerly of the Drive-By Truckers), David MacKay (husband of Donna Jean Godchaux-MacKay formerly of the Grateful Dead and who appeared in the first Grammy-winning video, Elephant Parts), Mitch Mann, Clint Bailey and Daniel Ledford, would join the band.

The band's latest release is See The Light 2012.

Donna Jean Godchaux
Donna Jean Thatcher Godchaux-MacKay (August 22, 1947 – November 2, 2025) was an American singer best known as a member of the rock band the Grateful Dead from 1972 to 1979. In addition to the Dead, she performed with the Jerry Garcia Band and the short-lived Heart of Gold Band, all alongside her first husband, Keith Godchaux. She formed the Donna Jean Godchaux Band in 2006.
Anthony Dod Mantle
Anthony Dod Mantle (born 14 April 1955) is an English cinematographer, known as a pioneer of digital filmmaking through his collaborations with directors Lars von Trier, Thomas Vinterberg, Danny Boyle, and Kevin Macdonald.

During the 1990s, he was a figure in the Dogme 95 movement.

He won the Academy Award and BAFTA Award for Best Cinematography for Danny Boyle's Slumdog Millionaire (2008), the first digitally-shot film to win an Oscar.

The Celebration
The Celebration (Danish: Festen) is a 1998 Danish black comedy-drama film directed by Thomas Vinterberg and produced by Nimbus Film. It tells the story of a family gathering to celebrate their patriarch's 60th birthday, during which a family secret is revealed.

Festen was the first film of the Dogme 95 movement, which was created by Vinterberg and his fellow Danish director Lars von Trier. The movement preferred simple and analog production values to allow for the highlighting of plot and performance. The film won the Jury Prize at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival and was selected as the Danish entry for Best Foreign Language Film at the 71st Academy Awards, but it was not chosen as one of the final five nominees for the award.
Crailsheim–Heilbronn railway
The Crailsheim–Heilbronn railway (also called the Hohenlohebahn—"Hohenlohe Railway"—and called the Kocher Railway in the time of the Royal Württemberg State Railways) is a double-tracked, main line railway in southwest Germany that runs from Heilbronn, crossing the Hohenlohe region.

Royal Württemberg State Railways
The Royal Württemberg State Railways (Königlich Württembergische Staats-Eisenbahnen or K.W.St.E.) were the state railways of the Kingdom of Württemberg (from 1918 the People's State of Württemberg) between 1843 and 1920.
2004 Speedway Grand Prix of Sweden
The 2004 Speedway Grand Prix of Sweden was the first round of the 2004 Speedway Grand Prix season (the world championship). It took place on 1 May 2004 at the Stockholm Olympic Stadium in Stockholm, Sweden.

It was the 10th time that the Speedway Grand Prix of Sweden had been held.

The Grand Prix was by the Australian rider Leigh Adams (his 3rd career Grand Prix win).

Leigh Adams
Leigh Scott Adams (born 28 April 1971 in Mildura, Victoria) is an Australian former motorcycle speedway rider. He is a multiple Speedway Grand Prix winner and World Team Champion. He also won a record ten Australian individual championships, four Australian Under-21 Championships and the 1992 Individual Speedway Junior World Championship.
Grumeti River
The Grumeti River is a river in Mara Region, Tanzania, situated almost entirely within the western corridor of Serengeti National Park. It flows westward and mouths into the Speke Gulf of Lake Victoria.

Serengeti National Park
The Serengeti National Park is a large national park in northern Tanzania that stretches over 14,763 km2 (5,700 sq mi). It is located in eastern Mara Region and northeastern Simiyu Region and contains over 15,000 km2 (5,800 sq mi) of virgin savanna. The park was established in 1940.

The Serengeti is well known for the largest annual animal migration in the world of over 1.5 million western white-bearded wildebeest and 250,000 Grant's zebra, along with between 400-500,000 Thomson's gazelle and smaller herds of common eland. The national park is also home to the largest lion population in Africa. It is under threat from deforestation, population growth, poaching, and ranching.
Rockin' in the Free World
"Rockin' in the Free World" is a song by Canadian-American singer-songwriter Neil Young, released on Young's seventeenth studio album Freedom (1989). Two versions of the song bookend the album, similarly to "Hey Hey, My My (Into the Black)" from Young's Rust Never Sleeps album, one of which is performed with a predominantly acoustic arrangement, and the other predominantly electric. Rolling Stone magazine ranked "Rockin' In the Free World" number 214 on its "500 Greatest Songs of All Time".

Freedom (Neil Young album)
Freedom is the 19th studio album by Canadian-American musician Neil Young, released on October 2, 1989. Freedom relaunched Young's career after a largely unsuccessful decade. After many arguments and a lawsuit, Young left Geffen Records in 1988 and returned to his original label, Reprise, with This Note's for You. Freedom brought about a new, critical and commercially successful album. It was released as an LP record, cassette tape, and CD.
Nicholas Rowe (writer)
Nicholas Rowe (/roʊ/; 20 June 1674 – 6 December 1718) was an English dramatist, poet and miscellaneous writer who was appointed Poet Laureate in 1715. His plays and poems were well-received during his lifetime, with one of his translations described as one of the greatest productions in English poetry. He was also considered the first editor of the works of William Shakespeare.

The Fatal Dowry
The Fatal Dowry is a late Jacobean era stage play, a tragedy written by Philip Massinger and Nathan Field, and first published in 1632. It represents a significant aspect of Field's very limited dramatic output.

Though hard evidence is lacking, the play is thought to have been composed c. 1619; it may have been the last writing for the theatre done by Field before his death in 1620. The play was acted by the King's Men at the Blackfriars Theatre. The 1632 quarto was printed by John Norton for the bookseller Francis Constable. The quarto's text is corrupt and badly printed.
Paul Clayton (Coronation Street)
Paul Clayton is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Coronation Street. Portrayed by Lee Booth, the character first appeared on-screen during an episode that aired on 29 November 2000. When the character returned in 2007, Paul was played by Tom Hudson.

Tom Hudson (English actor)
Thomas “Tom” Hudson (born 2 October 1986 in Salford) is an English actor.

Hudson played the roles of Baz Wainwright in Grange Hill between 2003 and 2007 and of Paul Clayton, son of Terry Duckworth, in Coronation Street between 2007 and 2008. Hudson left Coronation Street in May 2008.

Other roles have included a part in the film Love + Hate and a small part as Jamie Coldwell in television series Casualty. He also had parts in Knight School, Heartbeat and The Royal.

In January 2008, Hudson announced his engagement to marry his girlfriend of two years, Victoria.

In 2019 he was named Managing Director of Marvin's Magic.
Tommy Bryce
Tommy Bryce (born 27 January 1960) is a Scottish former footballer. Bryce had a playing career spanning 21 seasons from 1980 to 1981 with Scottish Football League clubs Kilmarnock, Stranraer, Queen of the South, Clydebank, Ayr United and Arbroath.

Bryce also served as player-manager of Partick Thistle during the 1998-99 season. Since retiring as a player Bryce has been a manager in Scottish Junior football.

Queen of the South F.C.
Queen of the South Football Club is a Scottish professional football club formed in 1919 in Dumfries. The club plays in Scottish League One, the third tier of Scottish football. Like residents of Dumfries, they are traditionally nicknamed the Doonhamers; but are more usually referred to as Queens and abbreviated to QOS or QOTS. Their home ground is Palmerston Park.

The club won the Division B Championship in 1950–51, the Second Division Championship in 2001–02 and 2012–13, and the Scottish Challenge Cup in 2002–03 and 2012–13. Queens led Scotland's top division until New Year in the 1953–54 season: their highest finish in Scotland's top division was fourth in 1933–34. The club reached their first major cup final in 2008 when they reached the final of the Scottish Cup, where they were runners-up to Rangers. The club's current manager is Peter Murphy.
Oscar Wilde Centre
The Oscar Wilde Centre is an academic research and teaching unit in Trinity College Dublin. It was founded in 1998, and is located at 21 Westland Row, the house in which Oscar Wilde was born. This building, which is on the perimeter of Trinity, was purchased in the 20th century as part of an expansion programme. The centre offers two post-graduate programmes: the MPhil in Irish writing, and another in creative writing – the first programme of its kind in Ireland. The centre was founded by the poets Brendan Kennelly and Gerald Dawe, who serves as the director. Richard Ford, a Pulitzer Prize-winning American writer, joined the staff in 2008 as an adjunct professor.

Since 2007 the centre also administers the Rooney Prize for Irish Literature, an annual prize for an Irish writer under 40.

Richard Ford
Richard Ford (born February 16, 1944) is an American novelist and short story author and writer of a series of novels featuring the character Frank Bascombe.

Ford's first collection of short stories, Rock Springs, was published in 1987.

In the United States, Ford received the 1996 Pulitzer Prize for his novel Independence Day. In Spain, he won the Princess of Asturias Award for 2016. In 2018, Ford received the Park Kyong-ni Prize, an international literary award from South Korea.

His novel Wildlife was adapted into a 2018 film of the same name, and in 2023 Ford published Be Mine, his fifth work of fiction chronicling the life of Frank Bascombe.
Lasseter's Last Ride
Lasseter's Last Ride is an Australian book by Ion Idriess.

It was his first best seller, selling more than 90,000 copies in Australia.

There were five different editions of it. It tells the story of Harold Bell Lasseter and Lasseter's Reef.

Ion Idriess
Ion Llewellyn Idriess OBE (20 September 1889 – 6 June 1979) was a prolific and influential Australian author. He wrote more than 50 books over 43 years between 1927 and 1969 – an average of one book every 10 months, and twice published three books in one year (1932 and 1940).  His first book was Madman's Island, published in 1927 at the age of 38, and his last was written at the age of 79.  Called Challenge of the North, it told of Idriess's ideas for developing the north of Australia.

Two of his works, The Cattle King (1936) and Flynn of the Inland (1932) had more than forty reprintings.
Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades
The al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades (Arabic: كتائب شهداء الأقصى, romanized: Katāʾib Shuhadāʾ al-Aqṣā) are a Fatah-aligned coalition of Palestinian armed groups in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.

Created in 2000 amidst the Second Intifada, the Brigades previously operated as the official armed wing of the Fatah political party before separating from them in 2007. Presently, the organization continues to be politically aligned with Fatah and nonetheless sometimes still presents itself as the party's armed wing, an association rejected by Fatah leadership.

The al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades have conducted various armed attacks on Israeli military and civilian targets since 2000. Notably, they have participated in the ongoing Gaza war (2023–present) alongside Hamas and other allied Palestinian factions.

The Brigades have been designated as a terrorist organization by Israel, the European Union, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, and the United States.

Jenin
32°27′40″N 35°18′00″E﻿ / ﻿32.46111°N 35.30000°E﻿ / 32.46111; 35.30000

Jenin (/ʒɪˈniːn/ zhin-EEN; Arabic: جنين, romanized: Jinīn, locally pronounced [ʒɪˈniːn] ⓘ) is a city in the West Bank, Palestine, and is the capital of the Jenin Governorate. It is a hub for the surrounding towns. Jenin came under Israeli occupation in 1967, and was put under the administration of the Palestinian National Authority as Area A of the West Bank, a Palestinian enclave, in 1995.

The city had a population of approximately 50,000 people in 2017, whilst the Jenin refugee camp had a population of about 10,000, housing families of Palestinians who fled or were expelled from their homes during the 1948 Palestine War. The camp has since become a stronghold of Palestinian militants, being the location of several incidents relating to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.
Johann Georg Reinhardt
Johann Georg Reinhardt (c. 1676 – 6 January 1742) was an Austrian composer. (His name is sometimes spelt Rheinhardt, Reinhard, or Reinharth.)

Appointed imperial court organist on 1 January 1708, he later became later Kapellmeister of St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna. One of his students was Giuseppe Bonno. He composed ballets, serenatas, one opera and some church music.

St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna
St. Stephen's Cathedral (German: Stephansdom [ˈʃ͡tɛfansˌdoːm]) is a Roman Catholic church in Vienna, Austria, and the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Josef Grünwidl.

The current Romanesque and Gothic form of the cathedral, seen today in the Stephansplatz, was largely initiated by Duke Rudolf IV (1339–1365) and stands on the ruins of two earlier churches, the first a parish church consecrated in 1147. The most important religious building in Vienna, St. Stephen's Cathedral has borne witness to many important events in Habsburg and Austrian history and has, with its multi-coloured tile roof, become one of the city's most recognizable symbols. It has 256 stairs from the top to the bottom
The Bookworm (Spitzweg)
The Bookworm (German: Der Bücherwurm) is an oil-on-canvas painting by the German painter and poet Carl Spitzweg. The picture was made c. 1850 and is typical of Spitzweg's humorous, anecdotal style and it is characteristic of Biedermeier art in general. The painting is representative of the introspective and conservative mood in Europe during the period between the end of the Napoleonic Wars and the revolutions of 1848, but at the same time pokes fun at those attitudes by embodying them in the fusty old scholar unconcerned with the affairs of the mundane world.

Biedermeier
The Biedermeier period was an era in the art and culture of the German Confederation between 1815 and 1848 during which the middle classes grew in number and artists began producing works appealing to their sensibilities. The period began with the end of the Napoleonic Wars in 1815 and ended with the onset of the Revolutions of 1848. The term originated in popular literature, before spreading to architecture, interior design, and visual arts.

"Biedermeier" derives from the fictional mediocre poet Gottlieb Biedermaier [sic], who featured in the Munich magazine Fliegende Blätter (Flying Leaves). It is used mostly to denote the unchallenging artistic styles that flourished in the fields of literature, music, the visual arts and interior design. As is natural in cultural creative movements, Biedermeier has influenced later styles.
Accept (Chicken Shack album)
Accept is the fourth studio album by the blues band, Chicken Shack, released in 1970. Accept was Chicken Shack's last album on the Blue Horizon label.  This album was also the last for Andy Sylvester, Dave Bidwell and Paul Raymond as members of Chicken Shack. It also marks a departure from pure blues to a more progressive and psychedelic sound.

The entire album and the rest of the Chicken Shack sessions on Blue Horizon were made available on the CD compilation Chicken Shack - The Complete Blue Horizon Sessions (2007).

The German heavy metal band Accept took its name from this album.

Chicken Shack
Chicken Shack are a British blues and rock band, founded in the mid-1960s by Stan Webb (guitar and vocals), Andy Silvester (bass guitar), and Alan Morley (drums), who were later joined by Christine Perfect (later McVie) (vocals and keyboards) in 1967. Chicken Shack has performed with various line-ups, Stan Webb being the only constant member.
James P. Gray (New Hampshire politician)
James P. Gray (born June 1949) is an American politician from the state of New Hampshire. A Republican, Gray has represented the 6th district in the New Hampshire Senate since 2016.

Prior to his election to the Senate, he served two terms in the New Hampshire House of Representatives for Strafford's 8th district. Gray also serves on the Rochester City Council for the 6th ward and previously worked as the town moderator.

In the senate, Gray has served as chair as the election law and municipal affairs committee and vice chair of the health and human services committee since December 2020. He is also chair of the special committee on redistricting from 2021 to 2022. Gray previously chaired the now-decommissioned public and municipal affairs committee from December 2016  to December 2018.

Rochester, New Hampshire
Rochester is a city in Strafford County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 32,492 at the 2020 census, making it the 6th most populous city in New Hampshire. In addition to the downtown area, the city contains the villages of East Rochester, Gonic, and North Rochester. Rochester is home to Skyhaven Airport and part of Baxter Lake.

Rochester was one of New Hampshire's fastest growing cities between 2010 and 2020.
Tirill Mohn
Tirill Mohn (pronounced [ˈtɪrɪl ˈmuːn]; born 22 February 1975), also known mononymously as Tirill, is a Norwegian composer, singer and violinist. She was a member of the art rock band White Willow, and has released several solo albums.

Mohn is a descendant of the artists Christian Krohg and Oda Krohg. In 2019 she married the composer Marcus Paus; she and her husband are distantly related as both are descendants of Norway's first attorney-general Bredo Henrik von Munthe af Morgenstierne Sr.

White Willow (band)
White Willow is a Norwegian art rock band, mixing elements of orchestral pop, 1970s progressive rock, jazz-rock and even electronic elements.

White Willow's influences range from 10cc, The Beach Boys, Big Star and Steely Dan to King Crimson, Magma, Weather Report and even Nick Drake and Joni Mitchell. Typical of their sound is the prominence of female vocals, flute and mellotrons and analog synthesizers.

Many guest artists have appeared on White Willow's albums. They include Norwegian singer/songwriter Finn Coren, British art-pop vocalist Tim Bowness, and US avant-rock guitarist Michael S. Judge.
Beautiful Days (festival)
Beautiful Days is a music festival that takes place in August at Escot Park, near Ottery St Mary, Devon. The festival was founded by, and is managed by, the band the Levellers and was first held in 2003.  The festival has no corporate sponsorship or branding, leading to Virtual Festivals proclaiming it "the festival that sells out ... by not selling out".  In 2011 Beautiful Days was pronounced "Best Family Festival" by the UK Festival Awards, later winning the "Grass Roots Festival Award" in 2015, as well as the "Best Medium Festival" award from FestivalKidz the same year.  Every festival has sold out in advance;  although the 2020 festival was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The current capacity is 17,500.

Escot, Talaton
Escot in the parish of Talaton, near Ottery St Mary in Devon, is an historic estate. The present mansion house known as Escot House is a grade II listed building built in 1837 by Sir John Kennaway, 3rd Baronet to the design of Henry Roberts, to replace an earlier house built in about 1680 by Sir Walter Yonge, 3rd Baronet (1653–1731) of Great House in the parish of Colyton, Devon, to the design of Robert Hooke, which burned down in 1808. Today it remains the home of the Kennaway baronets.

Escot House is currently used as a wedding and conference venue, with Wildwood Escot (a family attraction) being situated next door within the grounds of Escot estate).