hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nail (anatomy)
A nail is a protective plate characteristically found at the tip of the digits (fingers and toes) of almost all primates (except for marmosets), corresponding to the claws in other tetrapod animals. Fingernails and toenails are made of a tough rigid protein called alpha-keratin, a polymer also found in the claws, hooves, and horns of vertebrates.

Alpha-keratin
Alpha-keratin, or α-keratin, is a type of keratin found in mammalian vertebrates. This protein is the primary component in hairs, horns, claws, nails and the epidermis layer of the skin. α-keratin is a fibrous structural protein, meaning it is made up of amino acids that form a repeating secondary structure. The secondary structure of α-keratin is very similar to that of a traditional protein α-helix and forms a coiled coil. Due to its tightly wound structure, it can function as one of the strongest biological materials and has various functions in mammals, from predatory claws to hair for warmth. α-keratin is synthesized through protein biosynthesis, utilizing transcription and translation, but as the cell matures and is full of α-keratin, it dies, creating a strong non-vascular unit of keratinized tissue.
Humber Gas Tunnel
The Humber Gas Tunnel is a natural gas-carrying pipeline that runs underneath the Humber Estuary between Paull in the East Riding of Yorkshire, and Goxhill in Lincolnshire, England. The project was started in April 2018, and the pipeline was used to transport gas for the first time in December 2020. It is designed to carry 20% of the gas used in the United Kingdom, and is a crucial feeder pipeline to carry gas to the south of England. It is the longest pipe in a tunnel in Europe, and due to being inserted into the tunnel that was deliberately flooded with water, it is the longest hydraulically inserted gas pipeline in the world.

Goxhill
Goxhill is a village and civil parish in North Lincolnshire, England. The population of the civil parish taken at the 2011 census was 2,290. It is situated 5 miles (8 km) east from Barton-upon-Humber and 10 miles (16 km) north-west from Immingham.

Goxhill was part of the former Glanford district, part of the county of Humberside, between 1974 and 1996.

The village is served by Goxhill railway station, which runs from the town of Barton to the seaside resort of Cleethorpes. The area has been an important centre for clay pantile production since the 18th century and the industry is still represented in the village.

RAF Goxhill was used in the Second World War by RAF and the USAAF.  The 78th Fighter Group arrived at the station, known officially as 8th Air Force Station No. F-345 on 1 December 1942.  The American Units referred to it unofficially as "RAF Goat Hill". In 1943 Robert S. Johnson, a US ace pilot of the Second World War, was stationed here.
Cristallo (mountain)
Cristallo (Italian pronunciation: [kriˈstallo]) (German: Kristallspitze) is a mountain massif in the Italian Dolomites, northeast of Cortina d'Ampezzo, in the province of Belluno, Veneto, northern Italy. It is a long, indented ridge with four summits higher than 3,000 metres. The mountain range is part of the Ampezzo Dolomites Natural Park.

In the north of the Cristallo group is the 1,530 m high mountain pass "Cimabanche" (in German: "Im Gemärk" also "Gemärk Pass", in Ladin: "Sorabances"), in the south the mountain pass Tre Croci (1,809 m, in Ladin: "Son Zuógo").

Via ferrata
A via ferrata (Italian for "iron path", plural vie ferrate or in English via ferratas) is a protected climbing route found in the Alps and certain other alpine locations.  The protection includes steel fixtures such as cables and railings to arrest the effect of any fall, which the climber can either hold onto or clip into using climbing protection.  Some via ferratas can also include steel fixtures that provide aid in overcoming the obstacles encountered, including steel ladders and steel steps.
Trams in Kyiv
The Kyiv Tram (Ukrainian: Київський трамвай, romanized: Kyivskyi tramvai, pronounced [ˈkɪjiu̯sʲkɪj trɐmˈwɑj]) is a tram network that serves the Ukrainian capital Kyiv. The system was the first electric tramway in the former Russian Empire and the fourth one in Europe after the Berlin, Budapest, and Prague tramways. The Kyiv Tram system currently consists of 139.9 km (86.9 mi) of the track, including 14 km (8.7 mi) of two Rapid Tram lines, served by 21 routes with the use of 523 tram cars. However, the system is being neglected, the serviced track length is decreasing at a fast rate and is replaced by buses and trolleybuses.

The Kyiv Tram system is operated by the "Kyivpastrans" municipal company which also maintains bus, Kyiv trolleybus, and Kyiv Funicular transport in Kyiv.

Podil
Podil (Ukrainian: Поділ [poˈd⁽ʲ⁾il] ⓘ) or Podol (Russian: Подол [pɐˈdol] ⓘ), also known in English as the Lower City, is a historic neighborhood in Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. It is located on a floodplain terrace over the Dnieper between the Kyiv Hills and the lower stream of Pochaina River. Podil is one of the oldest neighborhoods of Kyiv, and the birthplace of the city's trade, commerce and industry. After the Mongol invasion of Rus' and destruction of Kyiv, it served as a city center until the 19th century. Here the city administration (magistrate) and the main university were located, and later the city's port and shipyard were established here.

Podil contains many architectural and historical landmarks, and new archaeological sites are still being revealed. It is a part of the city's larger administrative Podilskyi District.
Thala Rock
Thala Rock is an isolated, submerged rock lying off the Vestfold Hills, about 0.3 nautical miles (0.6 km) from the western point of Turner Island, bearing 250. The depth of water over the rock probably does not exceed 1 fathom. The rock was struck by the Thala Dan on January 16, 1959, when approaching Davis Anchorage with the ANARE (Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions) relief expedition. Named after the Thala Dan.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Thala Rock". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

68°33′S 77°52′E﻿ / ﻿68.550°S 77.867°E﻿ / -68.550; 77.867

Thala Dan
MS Thala Dan, built in Aalborg in 1957, was an ice-strengthened refrigerated cargo-passenger ship. Operated by Danish J. Lauritzen A/S from 1957 to 1982, she was jointly chartered by the Australian National Antarctic Research Expeditions and the French Polar Expeditions to re-supply their respective Antarctic stations. Afterwards acquired by the Brazilian Navy and renamed Barão de Teffé, she was engaged in the emergent Brazilian Antarctic Programme from 1982 to 1994.
Thomas N. Farris
Thomas Neal Farris is an American aerospace engineering professor and university administrator. He is known for his research on mechanics of fretting fatigue. Tom Farris was the Dean of Rutgers School of Engineering from 2009-2022. He served as the Head of Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics from 1998 to 2009.

Farris received a BS degree in mechanical engineering in 1982 from Rice University and a Ph.D. in Applied Mechanics at Northwestern University in 1986.

Farris is a Fellow of American Society of Mechanical Engineers since 2001 and a Fellow of American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics since 2009.

Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics
40°25′52″N 86°54′52″W﻿ / ﻿40.431057°N 86.914451°W﻿ / 40.431057; -86.914451

The Purdue University School of Aeronautics and Astronautics is a department-level school within the College of Engineering at Purdue University.

The school offers B.S., M.S., and Ph.D. degrees in aeronautical and astronautical engineering. It also provides distance graduate education, including an online M.S. in Engineering with concentration in Aeronautics and Astronautics, and a distance Ph.D.  Its main office and some of its labs are located in the Neil Armstrong Hall of Engineering. As of 2010, the School has awarded an estimated 6% of BS degrees and 7% of PhDs in aerospace engineering in the United States.
Govindas Konthoujam
Govindas Konthoujam Singh (born 1 February 1963) is an Indian politician from Manipur and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was elected for the seventh time in a row as a member of the Manipur Legislative Assembly from Bishnupur constituency in Bishnupur District from the Bharatiya Janata Party in the 2022 Manipur Legislative Assembly election. Singh is the current Home Minister of Manipur in Yumnam Khemchand Singh's cabinet. Singh was the Minister for PWD, Department of Youth Affairs & Sports in the Second N. Biren Singh ministry.

He joined Bharatiya Janata Party in the presence of Sambit Patra and Chief Minister of Manipur N. Biren Singh after resigning from Indian National Congress. He was the chief whip of the Congress Legislature Party. Konthoujam was also the Manipur Pradesh Congress Committee President from December 2020 to July 2021.

2022 Manipur Legislative Assembly election
Legislative Assembly elections were held in Manipur from 28 February to 5 March 2022 in two phases, to elect 60 members of the Manipur Legislative Assembly. The results declared on 10 March 2022. The newly constituted assembly was named 12th Manipur Legislative Assembly. The ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won 32 out of 60 seats and secured a comfortable majority. N. Biren Singh was re-elected as the chief minister and continued in his office, forming a new ministry. In September 2022, 5 legislators of JD(U) "merged" with BJP taking its total strength to 37 in the Assembly.

After the eruption of the Kuki–Meitei ethnic conflict on 3 May 2023, causing the displacement of over 60,000 people, chief minister Biren Singh was unable to control the violence and resigned on 9 February 2025. President's rule was declared on 13 February, and the legislature was put in suspended animation. Later on 4 February 2026, BJP leader Yumnam Khemchand Singh was sworn in as the new chief minister.
Piotr Morawski
Piotr Morawski (27 December 1976 – 8 April 2009) was a Polish mountaineer. He achieved the first successful winter ascent together with Simone Moro of Shishapangma on 14 January 2005. Morawski died aged 32 during an international Dhaulagiri/Manaslu expedition in Nepal. He fell into a crevasse at an elevation of 5500 m while acclimatizing.

Shishapangma
Shishapangma, or Shishasbangma or Xixiabangma (Chinese: 希夏邦马; pinyin: Xī xià bāng mǎ), is the 14th-highest mountain in the world, at 8,027 metres (26,335 ft) above sea level. The lowest 8,000 metre peak, it is located entirely within Tibet.
Green Line (TRAX)
The Green Line is a light rail line on the Utah Transit Authority's (UTA) TRAX system in Salt Lake City, Utah, in the United States, operated by the Utah Transit Authority (UTA). It opened on August 7, 2011, and runs between Airport Station at the Salt Lake City International Airport and West Valley Central Station in West Valley City (via Downtown Salt Lake City) serving a total of eighteen stations: thirteen in Salt Lake City, one in South Salt Lake, and four in West Valley City.

West Valley Central station
West Valley Central station (also called the West Valley Intermodal Hub) is a light rail station in West Valley City, Utah served by the Green Line of the Utah Transit Authority's (UTA) TRAX light rail system. The Green Line provides service from the Salt Lake City International Airport to this station (via Downtown Salt Lake City).
2018 California Proposition 6
California Proposition 6 was a measure that was submitted to California voters as part of the November 2018 election. The ballot measure proposed a repeal of the Road Repair and Accountability Act (a fuel tax), which is also known as Senate Bill 1 (SB 1). The measure failed with about 57% of the voters against and 43% in favor.

2018 California elections
Elections were held in California on November 6, 2018, with primary elections being held on June 5, 2018. Voters elected one member to the United States Senate, 53 members to the United States House of Representatives, all eight state constitutional offices, all four members to the Board of Equalization, 20 members to the California State Senate, and all 80 members to the California State Assembly, among other elected offices.

Pursuant to Proposition 14 passed in 2010, California uses a nonpartisan blanket primary. All the candidates for the same elected office, regardless of respective political party, run against each other at once during the primary. The candidates receiving the most and second-most votes in the primary election then become the contestants in the general election.
Snowsnaps
Snowsnaps (French: Les Mini-Tuques, "The Mini Toques") is a Canadian animated television series. It is a preschool-aimed spinoff of the 2015 film Snowtime! (La Guerre des Tuques 3D), itself an animated remake of the 1984 live-action The Dog Who Stopped the War (La Guerre des Tuques) movie. Produced by Carpediem Film & TV in collaboration with the animation studio Singing Frog and broadcaster Corus Entertainment, the series premiered September 1, 2018 in Canada on Télétoon, La Chaîne Disney and Treehouse TV.

The Dog Who Stopped the War
The Dog Who Stopped the War (French: La guerre des tuques, lit. "The Tuque War") is a 1984 Canadian comedy-drama film directed by André Melançon. It is the first film in the Tales for All (Contes pour tous) series of children's movies created by Les Productions la Fête. The film follows two rival groups of children who take part in a large scale snowball fight during winter break.

The film was released on October 3rd, 1984 by Cinéma Plus Distribution. A CGI remake, named Snowtime!, was released in 2015, itself getting a sequel named Racetime in 2018.
Chaotianmen Bridge
The Chaotianmen Bridge (simplified Chinese: 朝天门长江大桥; traditional Chinese: 朝天門長江大橋; pinyin: Cháotiān mén chángjiāng dàqiáo), is a road-rail bridge over the Yangtze River in the city of Chongqing, China. The bridge, which opened on 29 April 2009, is the world's longest through arch bridge.

The continuous steel truss arch bridge with tie girders has a height of 142 m (466 ft) from middle supports to arch top, main span of 552 m (1,811 ft) and a total length of 1,741 m (5,712 ft). It carries six lanes of traffic with a pedestrian walkway on each side on the upper deck. The lower deck has 2 traffic lanes on each side with the Chongqing Metro Loop Line running down the middle.

Side view diagram of the bridge with lengths in meters

A comparison of Chaotianmen Bridge with some of the most notable bridges on the same scale

Through arch bridge
A through arch bridge, also known as a through-type arch bridge, is a bridge that is made from materials such as steel or reinforced concrete, in which the base of an arch structure is below the deck but the top rises above it. It can either be lower bearing or mid-bearing. Thus, the deck is within the arch, and cables or beams that are in tension suspend the central part of the deck from the arch.
The Prayer (Bloc Party song)
"The Prayer" is a song by English rock band Bloc Party. It was released as the lead single from their second studio album, A Weekend in the City, except in the U.S. where it is the second single. "I Still Remember" was the first song from the album to be released in North America. It was released by Wichita Recordings on 29 January 2007 and is the band's highest charting single worldwide. The lyrics deal with drug use in nightclubs and party environments. Band frontman Kele Okereke says he was inspired to write the song after hearing Busta Rhymes' song "Touch It". He also described the song as having a "crunk-like" effect. A cover version of "The Prayer" by KT Tunstall is included in Radio 1's Live Lounge – Volume 2, and on her single "If Only".

Kele Okereke
Rowland Kelechukwu Okereke ⓘ (born 13 October 1981), also known mononymously as Kele, is an English singer, songwriter, and musician. He is best known as the lead singer and rhythm guitarist of the indie rock band Bloc Party. Additionally, he has released six studio albums as a solo artist.
Hitrino
Hitrino (Bulgarian: Хитрино, pronounced [ˈxitrino]) is a village in northeastern Bulgaria, part of Shumen Province. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Hitrino Municipality, which lies in the northwestern part of the province.

Hitrino is located in the northeastern Ludogorie region, equally outlying from the Black Sea and the Danube, 20 kilometres from the provincial capital of Shumen. The village has a railway station on the Varna-Rousse line and lies on the main road between Silistra and Shumen.

Hitrino Municipality
Hitrino Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Хитрино) is a municipality (obshtina) in Shumen Province, Northeastern Bulgaria, located in the Ludogorie geographical region, part of the Danubian Plain. It is named after its administrative centre - the village of Hitrino.

The municipality embraces a territory of 288 km2 (111 sq mi) with a population of 6,423 inhabitants, as of December 2009.
Charles W. Nash
Charles Williams Nash (28 January 1864 – 6 June 1948) was an American automobile entrepreneur who served as an executive in the automotive industry. He played a significant role in building up General Motors as its fifth president. In 1916, he bought the Thomas B. Jeffery Company, makers of the popular Rambler automobile, and renamed it Nash Motors. The resulting firm played an independent role in an automobile industry increasingly dominated by the Big Three: General Motors, Ford, and Chrysler.

Nash's profits came from focusing on one well-designed car in the upper-medium price range. He bought several distressed companies in Wisconsin, merging them and installing advanced managerial accounting procedures while cutting costs and focusing on long-term growth. He retired as president in 1932, but remained chairman of the board. He facilitated the merger in 1937 with Kelvinator, a refrigerator, home appliance, and commercial refrigeration manufacturer.

Durant-Dort Carriage Company
Durant-Dort Carriage Company was a manufacturer of horse-drawn vehicles in Flint, Michigan. Founded in 1886, by 1900 it was the largest carriage manufacturer in the country.

This very successful business made the partners rich men and it became the core on which William C. Durant and J. Dallas Dort began to build General Motors.

Durant sold out of this business in 1914 and it stopped manufacturing carriages in 1917. Durant-Dort Carriage Company was dissolved in 1924.

The premises were taken over by J Dallas Dort's Dort Motor Car Company, which he closed in 1924.
Victor Cristaldo
Victor Cristaldo (born 10 May 1967) is an former professional soccer player who played as a midfielder and works as a coach.

In 1985 and 1986, Cristaldo played for Melbourne Knights in the National Soccer League. He then passed five seasons in the Primera División Paraguaya from 1993 to 1997. In this task, he featured for Club Presidente Hayes and Club Sport Colombia, becoming the first Australian to play in Paraguay and the second player to play in South America after John Crawley (1990 in Chile). Born in Argentina, he represented the Australia under-20 national team internationally.

Following his retirement, Cristaldo became a coach.

He is the father of Australian footballer Christopher Cristaldo.

Western Suburbs SC
Western Suburbs Soccer Club is an association football club based in the suburb of Sunshine, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.  The club was formed in 1965 and currently competes in the Victorian State League Division 1 North-West. Western Suburbs have participated in the Victorian Premier League on two occasions.
Hootsuite
Hootsuite is a social media management platform, created by Ryan Holmes in 2008. The system's user interface takes the form of a dashboard, and supports social network integrations for Twitter, Facebook, Instagram, LinkedIn, Pinterest, YouTube and TikTok.

Based in Vancouver, Hootsuite has over 1,000 staff members in 13 locations, including Toronto, London, Paris, Sydney, Bucharest, Milan, Luxembourg and Mexico City. The company has more than 16 million users in over 175 countries.

Ryan Holmes
Ryan Holmes (born December 30, 1974) is a Canadian computer programmer and internet entrepreneur. He is best known as the founder and CEO of Hootsuite, a social media management tool for businesses with more than 18 million users and Holmes' fifth startup. Holmes began developing Hootsuite in 2008 through his agency, Invoke Media. He is also the founder of League of Innovators, a charity with a goal of building entrepreneurial acumen for youth, from discovery to acceleration.

Holmes is a contributor to the LinkedIn Influencers Program, where he writes about entrepreneurship and technology. Holmes also contributes regularly to news publications including Forbes, Fast Company and Inc.com.
Star! Daily
Star! Daily is a Canadian half-hour daily entertainment television series that aired on the CHUM Limited networks Star!, A-Channel and Citytv. The show was hosted by Dina Pugliese and Husein Madhavji along with entertainment reporters Larysa Harapyn, Liz West, Danielle McGimsie and Sean Gehon.

Following the acquisition of Star! and A-Channel by CTVglobemedia, Star! Daily was discontinued on October 11, 2007, and 22 members of its production staff were laid off. It was replaced on both networks by CTV's own entertainment news program, etalk, which CTVglobemedia staff considered to be a more successful program.

Danielle Graham
Danielle McGimsie Graham (born 1980) is a Canadian entertainment reporter, best known for her work on CTV's etalk. She co-anchored the show along with Tyrone Edwards with Elaine Lui and Traci Melchor as correspondents until being laid off by Bell Media in March 2022.
Dubai Parks and Resorts
24°55′2.8416″N 55°00′26.8488″E﻿ / ﻿24.917456000°N 55.007458000°E﻿ / 24.917456000; 55.007458000

Dubai Parks and Resorts is an integrated leisure and theme park destination in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. Covering approximately 25 million square feet, it includes three theme parks—Motiongate Dubai, Real Madrid World (formerly Bollywood Parks Dubai), and Legoland Dubai—along with Legoland Water Park, Riverland Dubai, and the Lapita Hotel.

The destination opened in phases between October and December 2016, with an official inauguration on 18 December 2016.

Real Madrid World
Real Madrid World (formerly Bollywood Park Dubai) is a theme park located in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, part of Dubai Parks and Resorts. It originally opened in November 2016 as Bollywood Parks Dubai, before closing on 22 March 2022. Over the next three years the park was rethemed to the football club Real Madrid, reopening on 8 April 2024.

The park now contains 2 restaurants, 15 rides and 2 rollercoasters. It also contains shops selling official club merchandise along with other attractions such as wax statues of current and former players.
Alley-oop (American football)
The alley-oop is an American football play in which the quarterback throws the ball high into the air, and another player jumps up and catches it. Named after V. T. Hamlin's comic strip character Alley Oop, the play was developed in 1957 by San Francisco 49ers players R. C. Owens and Y. A. Tittle. The play was highly successful due to Owens' 6'3" frame and ability to out-leap defenders.

Tittle said of the play: "With the Alley-Oop now considered to be a legitimate weapon, the only defense against it was a defensive back who could outleap R.C. – and at that time, no such animal existed in the NFL."

According to the Oxford English Dictionary, the usage of the term in football predates its usage in basketball by two years, with the football counterpart also inspiring the play in basketball.

R. C. Owens
Raleigh Climon Owens (November 12, 1934 – June 17, 2012), universally known by his initials "R.C.", was an American professional football player who was a wide receiver and halfback from 1957 through 1964 in the National Football League (NFL).

Owens, a skilled basketball player with excellent jumping ability, is credited as the innovator behind the "jump ball in the end zone" pass play, popularly known at the time as the "Alley Oop."