hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Daohuigu
The Battle of Daohuigu (Chinese: 倒回谷之戰) took place between the Mongol Empire and the Jin Dynasty during the Mongol conquest of the Jin dynasty. The battle was fought twice, in November 1230 and January 1231.

Second Battle of Daohuigu was one of the few instances where Subutai was defeated in battle, although some sources claim the fault lay mainly on Ögedei Khan's judgement and Subutai was merely a scapegoat.

Subutai
Subutai (c. 1175–1248) was a Mongol general and the primary military strategist of Genghis Khan and Ögedei Khan. He ultimately directed more than 20 campaigns, during which he conquered more territory than any other commander in history as part of the expansion of the Mongol Empire, the largest contiguous empire in human history. He often gained victory by means of sophisticated strategies and routinely coordinated movements of armies that operated hundreds of kilometers apart from each other. Subutai is regarded as one of the greatest military commanders in history, and the single greatest in Mongolian history. He was instrumental in the conquests of Genghis Khan and Ögedei Khan.
Celos (film)
Celos is a 1946 Argentine melodrama film of the classical era of Argentine cinema, directed by Mario Soffici and starring Pedro López Lagar and Zully Moreno.  It won four Silver Condor awards, including Best Film, Best Director (Mario Soffici),  Best Actor  (Pedro López Lagar) and  Best Original Screenplay   (Tulio Demicheli), given by the Argentine Film Critics Association in 1947 for the best films and performances of the previous year.

Tulio Demicheli
Tulio Demicheli (born August 15, 1914, Buenos Aires, Argentina - d. May 25, 1992, Madrid, Spain) was an Argentine born Spanish film director, screenwriter and film producer notable for his work during the classical era of Argentine cinema.

Born as Armando Bartolomé Demichelli in 1914, Demicheli initially began as a screenwriter in 1944 but by 1950 with his directorial debut in Arrabalera in 1950 he began to simultaneously direct and write for his films. He directed and wrote for some 60 films between 1944 and 1987. Overall he is best known for his work in tango film production and worked with popular actors of the period such as Tita Merello, Santiago Gómez Cou and Tito Alonso.

He died on May 25, 1992, from cancer, aged 77.
Kerry Rossall
Kerry Darrell Rossall (born June 23, 1947) is an American stunt coordinator, stuntman, actor and film producer known for three Taurus World Stunt nominations for Apocalypse Now Redux (2001). He appeared in the films Apocalypse Now (1979), They Live (1988), The Crow: City of Angels (1996), Tomorrow You're Gone (2012) and produced the films Friend of the World (2020) and Movin' Too Fast (2006).

The Crow: City of Angels
The Crow: City of Angels is a 1996 American superhero film directed by Tim Pope and written by David S. Goyer. It serves as a standalone sequel to the 1994 film The Crow in addition to being the second installment in The Crow film series. The film stars Vincent Pérez, Mia Kirshner, Richard Brooks, Iggy Pop, Thomas Jane and Thuy Trang. The film follows mechanic Ashe Corven (Pérez) who is murdered along with his son by a drug cartel, and is brought back to life by a crow to get his revenge. It received negative critic reviews. It was followed by the 2000 film sequel, The Crow: Salvation.
Laird
Laird (/ˈlɛərd/) is a Scottish word for minor lord (or landlord) and is a designation that applies to an owner of a large, long-established Scottish estate. In the traditional Scottish order of precedence, a laird ranked below a baron and above a gentleman. This rank was held only by those holding official recognition in a territorial designation by the Lord Lyon King of Arms. They are usually styled [name] [surname] of [lairdship]. However, since "laird" is a courtesy title, it has no formal status in law.

Historically, the term bonnet laird was applied to rural, petty landowners, as they wore a bonnet like the non-landowning classes. Bonnet lairds filled a position in society below lairds and above husbandmen (farmers), similar to the yeomen of England.

An Internet fad is the selling of tiny souvenir plots of Scottish land and a claim of a "laird" title to go along with it, but the Lord Lyon has decreed these meaningless for several reasons.

False titles of nobility
False titles of nobility or royal title scams are claimed titles of social rank that have been fabricated or assumed by an individual or family without recognition by the authorities of a country in which titles of nobility exist or once existed. They have received an increasing amount of press attention, as more schemes that purport to confer or sell such honorifics are promoted on the internet. Concern about the use of titles which lack legal standing or a basis in tradition has prompted increased vigilance and denunciation, although under English common law a person may choose to be known by any name they see fit as long as it is not done to "commit fraud or evade an obligation".
Wyocolo, Wyoming
Wyocolo is an unincorporated community near the southwestern edge of Albany County, Wyoming, United States. It is located along Wyoming Highway 230, just north of the Colorado-Wyoming border and immediately south of the unincorporated community of Mountain Home.

Albany County, Wyoming
Albany County (/ˈɔːlbəni/ ⓘ AWL-bə-nee) is a county in the U.S. state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 37,066. Its county seat is Laramie, the site of the University of Wyoming. Its southern border lies on the northern Colorado state line. Albany County comprises the Laramie, WY Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is the fifth-most populous county in Wyoming.
Indican Pictures
Indican Pictures is an American entertainment company and film distributor.

The company was founded by Randolph Kret and Shaun Hill.

Indican Pictures has distributed such films as The Boondock Saints, A Green Story, The Girl Next Door, Hybrid, Kill Me, Deadly, Unsullied, The Man Who Shook the Hand of Vicente Fernandez Man Underground, This Last Lonely Place, A Beginner's Guide to Snuff, Emoticon ;), The Grace of Jake, W.M.D. and Never.

W.M.D.
W.M.D. is an American war drama/comedy film directed by Richard Halpern and starring Tom Kiesche, John Posey, Weetus Cren, Leila Birch, John Brickner and Kate Mines. It was produced by Jeffrey S. Magnussen, Ian Truitner and Richard Halpern, and written by Mike Le and Ian Truitner.
Shifty Disco
Shifty Disco was a British independent record label based in Oxford, England.

The record label was started by local enthusiasts in January 1997 and their early releases were often featured by John Peel on his BBC Radio 1 show. Shifty Disco has released recordings by artists such as Beulah, Mark Gardener, Unbelievable Truth, and Young Knives.

One of Shifty Disco's early, defining initiatives was the Shifty Disco singles club which released a new single every month to subscribers. A compilation of all the Singles Club releases was released as a 5-CD set in 2002: 0-60 in Five Years – The Complete Shifty Disco Singles Club Collection.

Unbelievable Truth
Unbelievable Truth are a British rock band, led by Andy Yorke, with Nigel Powell, Jason Moulster, and Jim Crosskey. Their sound has been described as "slow, melancholy, country-tinged ballads, wrapped in a soft blanket of acoustic guitars and minor chords".
The Perfect Dictatorship: China in the 21st Century
The Perfect Dictatorship: China in the 21st Century is a 2016 book of Political Philosophy by the Norwegian sociologist Stein Ringen concerning the rule and nature of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). In the book, he argues that the Chinese Communist Party created “a system that is unlike any other, a dictatorship that works to perfection.” The book also covers the ideological transformation and social control policies that have intensified under CCP general secretary Xi Jinping.

Stein Ringen
Stein Ringen (born July 5, 1945) is a Norwegian sociologist and political scientist. He is Professor of Sociology and Social Policy at the Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford, and a Fellow of Green Templeton College, Oxford (formerly Green College, Oxford). He is married to the novelist and historian Mary Chamberlain
James McCann (Wisconsin politician)
James A. McCann (March 7, 1924 – February 20, 2009) was an American politician.

Born in Freedom, Wisconsin, McCann graduated from Freedom High School and served in the United States Army during World War II and the Korea War. McCann graduated from University of Wisconsin–Madison. In 1965 and 1967, he served in the Wisconsin State Assembly. In 1968, he was elected to the Milwaukee Common Council. McCann then served as the City Comptroller of Milwaukee from 1972 to 1992.

Freedom, Outagamie County, Wisconsin
Freedom is a town in Outagamie County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 6,200 at the 2020 census. The unincorporated communities of Freedom and Murphy Corner are located in the town and the unincorporated community of Five Corners is located partially within the town.
My Family and Other Animals (film)
My Family and Other Animals is a 2005 television film written by Simon Nye and directed by Sheree Folkson. The film is based on the 1956 autobiographical book of the same title written by Gerald Durrell, in which he describes a series of anecdotes relating to his family's stay on Corfu from 1935–1939, when he was aged 10–14.

Simon Nye
Simon Nye (born 29 July 1958) is an English screenwriter, best known for television comedy. He wrote the hit sitcom Men Behaving Badly, and all of the four ITV Pantos. He co-wrote the 2006 film Flushed Away, created an adaptation of Richmal Crompton's Just William books in 2010, and wrote the drama series The Durrells.
Carl Sturken and Evan Rogers
Carl Sturken and Evan Rogers are New York–based songwriters and record producers. They have produced hits for Ruben Studdard, Wild Orchid, Christina Aguilera and Evelyn Champagne King and helped build the career of Rihanna. In addition to being principals of Rihanna's production company SRP Music Group, they have achieved more than twenty top 40 hits, twelve top 5 hits and six BMI Awards. Their songs have sold more than 60 million albums around the world.

Brandon Hodge
Brandon Hodge is an American R&B producer and songwriter known for his production/songwriting work with TGT members Tyrese Gibson and Tank, as well as writing and/or producing R&B hits "No Limit", "Love 'Em All", "U + Me (Love Lesson)", and "Lean Into It".
Ships That Don't Come In
"Ships That Don't Come In" is a song recorded by American country music singer Joe Diffie that reached the Top 5 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks (now Hot Country Songs) chart in 1992.  It was released in April 1992 as the second single from his album Regular Joe.  The song was written by Paul Nelson and Dave Gibson the latter of whom was also recording for Epic as a member of the Gibson/Miller Band at the time.

Gibson/Miller Band
Gibson/Miller Band was an American country music band founded in 1990 by Dave Gibson and Bill "Blue" Miller, the latter of whom was a former guest musician in rock musician Bob Seger's Silver Bullet Band. Both Gibson and Miller served as vocalists and guitarists in the Gibson/Miller Band, which also included Mike Daly (steel guitar), Bryan Grassmeyer (bass guitar), and Steve Grossman (drums). Grassmeyer was replaced in 1993 by Doug Kahan. Between 1992 and 1994, the Gibson/Miller Band recorded two albums for Epic Records, in addition to charting seven singles on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks charts. After disbanding in 1994, both Gibson and Miller assumed solo careers.
Ron Greenberg
Ron Greenberg (born 1940?) is an American television game show producer who worked on numerous network and syndicated programs of that genre from the 1960s through the 1990s.

His credits include Camouflage, Word for Word, Let's Play Post Office, Reach for the Stars, Dream House, Sale of the Century, The Money Maze, The Joker's Wild, Tic-Tac-Dough, Hollywood Connection, Play the Percentages, and Bullseye.

He packaged five games: The Who, What or Where Game (1969-1974); The Big Showdown (1974-1975); The Pop 'N Rocker Game (1983-1984); a remake of The Who, What, or Where Game titled The Challengers (1990-1991); and a remake of Let's Make a Deal (1990-1991).

Greenberg created and hosted a weekly quiz radio show on Shokus Internet Radio titled Anyone Can Play ... But Don't Call Us, We'll Call You. However, Greenberg has since relinquished hosting duties to game show veteran Larry Anderson.

The Money Maze
The Money Maze is an American television game show seen on ABC from December 23, 1974, to June 27, 1975. The show was hosted by Nick Clooney and was announced by Alan Kalter. It was produced by Daphne-Don Lipp Productions, of which Dick Cavett was a principal.

The object of the game was to negotiate a large maze built on the studio floor that housed several towers. A contestant would direct their spouse from a perch above the maze; the spouse would need to find their way to a specified tower inside the maze and press a button there in order to win prizes.

Clooney hosted Money Maze concurrently with his local daily talk show, The Nick Clooney Show, on then-ABC affiliate WKRC-TV in Cincinnati (now a CBS station). In fact, WKRC scheduled Money Maze on a delay at 10:30 a.m., immediately before Nick Clooney at 11:00, to provide a 90-minute block for the popular local personality.
Francis Popham (1646–1674)
Sir Francis Popham KB (1646–1674), of Littlecote House, Wiltshire and Houndstreet, Somerset, was an English politician.

He was the eldest surviving son of Alexander Popham of Littlecote.

He was a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Bath from 1669 to 1674. He succeeded his father in 1669 and was made a Knight of the Bath the same year.

He married Helena, the daughter and heiress of Hugh Rogers of Cannington, Somerset and had a son, Alexander and a daughter.

Littlecote House
Littlecote House is a large Elizabethan country house and estate in the civil parishes of Ramsbury and Chilton Foliat, in the English county of Wiltshire, about 2+1⁄2 miles (4 km) northeast of the Berkshire town of Hungerford. The estate includes 34 hectares of historic parklands and gardens, including a walled garden dating from the 17th and 18th centuries. In its grounds is Littlecote Roman Villa.

A Grade I listed building, Littlecote House is now a hotel and leisure centre.
1997 Dunhill Cup
The 1997 Dunhill Cup was the 13th Dunhill Cup. It was a team tournament featuring 16 countries, each represented by three players. The Cup was played 16–19 October at the Old Course at St Andrews in Scotland. The sponsor was the Alfred Dunhill company. The South African team of Ernie Els, David Frost, and Retief Goosen beat the Swedish team of Joakim Haeggman, Per-Ulrik Johansson, and Jesper Parnevik in the final.

Retief Goosen
Retief Goosen (born 3 February 1969) is a South African professional golfer. He plays on the PGA Tour Champions. He has won two U.S. Opens, in 2001 and 2004, headed the European Tour Order of Merit in 2001 and 2002, and was in the top ten of the world rankings for over 250 weeks between 2001 and 2007. He was elected to the World Golf Hall of Fame, class of 2019.
Recognition of same-sex unions in Asia
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Debate has occurred throughout Asia over proposals to legalize same-sex marriage as well as civil unions.

Following a Constitutional Court ruling and a subsequent legislative act, Taiwan became the first country in Asia to legalize same-sex marriage nationwide on 24 May 2019, followed by Thailand on 23 January 2025.

In addition, Israel recognises same-sex marriages performed abroad, though not as full marriage, and same-sex marriages are legal in the UK sovereign base areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia and the British Indian Ocean Territory.

Israel also recognises unregistered cohabitation for same-sex couples. Some cities in Cambodia provide same-sex couples with some limited rights and benefits, including hospital visitation rights. Several prefectures in Japan issue partnership certificates for same-sex couples. In Hong Kong, the same-sex partners of residents can receive spousal visas and spousal benefits.

Same-sex marriage in the British Indian Ocean Territory
Same-sex marriage has been legal in the British Indian Ocean Territory since 3 June 2014. An Order in Council to legalise same-sex marriages was enacted by the Privy Council of the United Kingdom on 28 April 2014, and took effect on 3 June. The British Indian Ocean Territory, despite having no permanent population, was among the first British Overseas Territories to legalise same-sex marriage.
Vavuniya railway station
Vavuniya railway station (Tamil: வவுனியா தொடருந்து நிலையம் Vavuṉiyā toṭaruntu nilaiyam) is a railway station in the city of Vavuniya in northern Sri Lanka. Owned by Sri Lanka Railways, the state-owned railway operator, the station is part of the Northern Line which links the north with the capital Colombo. The popular Yarl Devi service calls at the station and the also popular service Rajarata Rejini terminates at the station, which starts at Matara in down south. No services operated north of Vavuniya after 1990 due to the civil war. Reconstruction of this section of the line commenced following the end of the civil war in 2009. Currently services operate up to KKS.

Vavuniya
Vavuniya (Tamil: வவுனியா, romanized: Vavuniyā, Sinhala: වවුනියාව, romanized: Vavuniyāva) is a city in Vavuniya District in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka. The municipality is administered by a Municipal Council. The town has been known since ancient times, but being a heavily forested area, less than 100,000 people lived in the entire district before the Sri Lankan Civil War. The city is situated as a border town that divides the Tamil and Sinhalese population. To the south of the city are the Sinhala cities, and to the north are the Tamil cities. The city has a large population of Tamils, Muslims, and a significant number of Sinhalese. In the early days, Vavuniya was known as Vanni due to the abundance of Vanni Trees. The Security Forces Headquarters - Wanni is located in Vavuniya.
What I Can't Put Down
"What I Can't Put Down" is a song by American country music artist Jon Pardi. It was released on January 14, 2014 as the third single from Pardi's debut studio album Write You a Song (2014). The song was written by Pardi, Bart Butler, and Brice Long. It garnered positive reviews from music critics. "What I Can't Put Down" peaked at numbers 31 and 33 on both the Billboard Country Airplay and Hot Country Songs charts respectively. The song was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), denoting sales of over 500,000 units in the United States. An accompanying music video for the single, directed by the Edde Brothers, was released in June 2014.

Brice Long
Brice Long  is an American country music singer-songwriter. Signed to Columbia Records in 2005, Long charted one single on the Billboard country chart that year: "Anywhere but Here", which was also released by Chris Cagle a year later. In addition, Long co-wrote Gary Allan's 2004 Number One single "Nothing On but the Radio", Jon Pardi's Number One single "Heartache on the Dance Floor" and Randy Houser's singles "Anything Goes" and "Like a Cowboy".
Figure skating at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's singles
The men's singles was one of four events in figure skating at the 1908 Summer Olympics. Each nation could enter up to 3 skaters. Sweden's Ulrich Salchow, who had won several World Figure Skating Championships, easily won the gold medal after his main rival, Russia's Nikolai Panin, withdrew either in protest over what he considered unfair judging or due to illness.

Nikolai Panin
Nikolai Aleksandrovich Panin-Kolomenkin (Russian: Николай Александрович Панин-Коломенкин; 8 January 1872 [O.S. 27 December 1871] – 19 January 1956) was a Russian figure skater and coach. He won the gold medal in special figures in the 1908 Summer Olympics, became one of the oldest figure skating Olympic champions. Panin was Russia's first Olympic champion.
Musty Rusty
Musty Rusty is an album by jazz saxophonist Lou Donaldson recorded for the Cadet label in 1965 and performed by Donaldson with trumpeter  Bill Hardman, organist Billy Gardner, guitarist Grant Green, and drummer Ben Dixon.

Ben Dixon (musician)
Ben Dixon (December 25, 1934 – November 8, 2018) was an American jazz drummer.

Dixon is best known for his contributions to many soul jazz albums on the Blue Note label led by Grant Green, Lou Donaldson and Big John Patton. He died on November 8, 2018, at the age of 83.
Predecessor culture
Predecessor culture is a sociological phrase originating in Alasdair MacIntyre's book, After Virtue, in which he considers society before the Enlightenment's project of rationalizing all things as having an internal consistency and meaning which has been lost to us. It can be considered as having to do with the set of heroes and stories that were re-iterated in former cultures; these are called commonplaces in English literature.

Another use of the phrase is to refer to society before the 1960s. Not only is this considered in opposition to the sexual revolution, and various political movements and the manner in which power is expressed, such as the ways in which society is intended to accommodate feminism, but with the philosophical changes such as structuralism and post-structuralism.

After Virtue
After Virtue: A Study in Moral Theory is a book on moral philosophy by the Scottish philosopher Alasdair MacIntyre.  MacIntyre provides a bleak view of the state of modern moral discourse, regarding it as failing to be rational, and failing to admit to being irrational.  He claims that older forms of moral discourse were in better shape, particularly singling out Aristotle's moral philosophy as an exemplar.  After Virtue is among the most important texts in the 20th-century revival of virtue ethics.

The book was first published in 1981 and has since gone through two subsequent editions, which have added to, but not changed, the original text. The second edition, published in 1984, adds a postscript replying to critics of the first edition; the third edition, published in 2007, contains a new prologue entitled "After Virtue After a Quarter of a Century".
Anastasia Msosa
Anastasia Msosa (born 1950) was the Chief Justice of Malawi.

Msosa started her career as a State Advocate in 1975 and later worked in the Department of Legal Aid as a Legal Aid Advocate. In 1990, she became Registrar General. In 1992, she was appointed the first Malawian female judge of the High Court and, later in 1997 she went to the Supreme Court of Appeals. She was appointed Chief Justice in 2013, becoming the first female Chief Justice in the country, succeeding Chief Justice Lovemore Munlo after his resignation from the position.

Msosa retired in 2015 at the age of 65.
She also served as Chairperson of the Malawi Electoral Commission for the first Parliamentary and Presidential Elections in Malawi from 1993 to 1998. She was reappointed Chairperson of Malawi Electoral Commission in 2004 until 2012. 
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Msosa is married to accountant Anderson Msosa and has 7 children.

Judiciary of Malawi
The Judiciary of Malawi is the branch of the Government of Malawi which interprets and applies the laws of Malawi to ensure equal justice under law and to provide a mechanism for dispute resolution. The legal system of Malawi is based on English law, modified since 1969. The Constitution defines the judiciary as a hierarchical system of courts, with the highest court being a Supreme Court of Appeal, together with a High Court and a number of magistrates' courts. Malawian judiciary has frequently demonstrated its independence in recent years. The Constitutional Court of Malawi nullified the 2019 election results, citing widespread irregularities. The Supreme Court upheld the verdict of the Constitutional Court. Five Constitutional Court judges who overturned the results of the 2019 election won the 2020 Chatham House Prize.