hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mamelon (volcanology)
A mamelon (from French mamelon, "nipple") is a rock formation created by eruption of relatively thick or stiff lava through a narrow vent in the bedrock. Because the lava is not fluid, it does not flow away, but congeals around the vent, forming a small hill or mound on the surface. The outflow from successive eruptions forms additional layers on top, and the resulting pile of layers may stand over 100 metres (330 ft) above the surrounding surface.

The term was coined by the French explorer and naturalist Jean Baptiste Bory de Saint-Vincent, to describe the central peak of the Dolomieu Crater in the Piton de la Fournaise volcano on Réunion.

Hanging Rock, in Victoria, Australia, is another example of a mamelon.

Piton de la Fournaise
Piton de la Fournaise (French: [pitɔ̃ də la fuʁnɛz]; 'Peak of the Furnace') is a shield volcano on the eastern side of Réunion island, a French overseas department and region, in the Indian Ocean. It is currently one of the most active volcanoes in the world, along with Kīlauea in the Hawaiian Islands, Stromboli and Etna in Italy and Mount Erebus in Antarctica. A previous eruption began in August 2006 and ended in January 2007. The volcano erupted again in February 2007, on 21 September 2008, on 9 December 2010, which lasted for two days, and on 1 August 2015. The volcano is located within Réunion National Park, a World Heritage Site.

Residents of Réunion sometimes refer to Piton de la Fournaise simply as le Volcan ("the Volcano"). It is a major tourist attraction.
Karnaugh map
A Karnaugh map (KM or K-map) is a diagram that can be used to simplify a Boolean algebra expression. Maurice Karnaugh introduced the technique in 1953 as a refinement of Edward W. Veitch's 1952 Veitch chart, which itself was a rediscovery of Allan Marquand's 1881 logical diagram or Marquand diagram. They are also known as Marquand–Veitch diagrams, Karnaugh–Veitch (KV) maps, and (rarely) Svoboda charts. An early advance in the history of formal logic methodology, Karnaugh maps remain relevant in the digital age, especially in the fields of logical circuit design and digital engineering.

Gray code
The reflected binary code (RBC), also known as reflected binary (RB) or Gray code after Frank Gray, is an ordering of the binary numeral system such that two successive values differ in only one bit (binary digit).

For example, the representation of the decimal value "1" in binary would normally be "001", and "2" would be "010". In Gray code, these values are represented as "001" and "011". That way, incrementing a value from 1 to 2 requires only one bit to change, instead of two.

Gray codes are widely used to prevent spurious output from electromechanical switches and to facilitate error correction in digital communications such as digital terrestrial television and some cable TV systems. The use of Gray code in these devices helps simplify logic operations and reduce errors in practice.
Sali River (West Bengal)
Sali River (In Bengali 'শালি') is an important tributary of Damodar River that drains the northern part of Bankura district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It originates a few miles west of Kora hill, halfway between Mejia and Bankura, and joins the Damodar at Somsar village in Indas police station. It is a rain-fed river.

Geography of Bankura district
Geography of Bankura district refers to the geography of the present Bankura district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Bankura is one of the districts of Burdwan division. It is situated between 22° 38’ and 23° 38’ north latitude and between 86° 36’ and 87° 46’ east longitude. It has an area of 6,788 square kilometres (2,621 sq mi) On the north and north-east the district is bounded by Bardhaman district, from which it is separated by the Damodar River. On the south-east it is bounded by Hooghly district, on the south by Paschim Medinipur district and on the west by Purulia district.
USS Somers (TB-22)
The third USS Somers (Torpedo Boat No. 22/TB-22/Coast Torpedo Boat No. 9), a steel torpedo boat built as a private speculation by Friedrich Schichau, Elbing, Germany, was launched in 1897 as yard No. 450; purchased for the United States Navy on 25 March 1898; commissioned on 28 March 1898 and named Somers the next day.

Schichau-Werke
The Schichau-Werke (F. Schichau, Maschinen- und Lokomotivfabrik, Schiffswerft und Eisengießerei GmbH) was a German engineering works and shipyard based in Elbing, Germany (now Elbląg, Poland) on the Vistula Lagoon of then-East Prussia. It also had a subsidiary shipyard in nearby Danzig (now: Gdańsk, Poland). Due to the Soviet conquest of eastern Germany, Schichau moved to Bremerhaven in March 1945, and its successors continued in business until 2009.
Casas Bahia
Casas Bahia (English: Bahia Houses) is a Brazilian retail chain specializing in furniture and home appliances. Currently, it is one of the largest retail chain in Brazil, the other being Magazine Luiza and Americanas. It was founded in 1952 in São Caetano do Sul, São Paulo, by Polish immigrant Samuel Klein, who began his career as a peddler selling products to migrant workers from the Brazilian Northeast. Since June 2019, the Klein family own a controlling stake in Via Varejo, which owns the store.

The company's mascot is "Baianinho" (Little Bahian), a toothy little boy wearing a cangaceiro hat, which has been present since 1979. In 2020, the character was redesigned as a modern dark-skinned teenager wearing a baseball cap inscribed with the initial letters "CB," but this redesign received a mixed to negative reception from the public.

Samuel Klein (businessman)
Samuel Klein (15 November 1923 – 20 November 2014) was a Polish-Brazilian business magnate and philanthropist who founded the Casas Bahia chain of department stores in Brazil, building them into the top retailer in the country, and making him known in the 1990s as the "Sam Walton of Brazil". In 2013, Forbes ranked him 78th richest person in Brazil with a personal net worth of $835 million, while his son, Michael, was ranked 87th with $723 million.

Following his death in 2014 Klein has faced numerous accusations of sex trafficking, rape and exploitation of minors.
Healthcare in Greater Manchester
The "Greater Manchester Model" of NHS health care was a system uniquely devolved within England, by way of close integration with the Greater Manchester Combined Authority and local authorities, led by the Mayor of Greater Manchester. In July 2022 the Greater Manchester integrated care system took over responsibility for health and social care in the conurbation. The financial plan for 2022–23 had an initial shortage of £187 million.

Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust operated Salford Royal Hospital in Greater Manchester until 2017. Its chief executive is Dr Owen Williams.

In December 2017 it was announced that the Trust was to form a new healthcare organisation by combining with Pennine Acute Hospitals NHS Trust. The new organisation, to be called the Northern Care Alliance NHS Group, would have 17,000 staff, and a combined operating budget of £1.3bn covering Oldham, Bury, Rochdale, Salford and North Manchester.
Moloha rural hromada
Moloha rural hromada (Ukrainian: Мологівська сільська громада) is a hromada in Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion of Odesa Oblast in southwestern Ukraine. Population: 15,792 (2020 est.)

The hromada consists of 8 villages:

Andriivka

Bykoza

Vypasne

Moloha (seat of administration)

Nove

Sadove

Sukholuzhzhia

Rozkishne

Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion
Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion (Ukrainian: Білгород-Дністровський район; Romanian: Raionul Cetatea Albă) is a raion (district) in Odesa Oblast of Ukraine. It is part of the historical region of Bessarabia. Its administrative center is the town of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi. Population: 196,618 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Odesa Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion was significantly expanded. Two abolished raions, Sarata and Tatarbunary Raions, as well as Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Municipality and part of Ovidiopol Raion, were merged into Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 59,349 (2020 est.).
B-Boy Blues
B-Boy Blues is a 2021 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Jussie Smollett (in his feature directorial debut) and based on James Earl Hardy's (who also co-wrote the script) 1994 book about the black LGBTQ+ community in New York. The film stars Timothy Richardson and Thomas Mackie, with Landon G. Woodson, Brandee Evans, Michael Jackson Jr., Marquise Vilson, Jabari Redd, Brian Lucas, Heather B., Broderick Hunter and Ledisi. It follows the relationship between Mitchell Crawford (Richardson), a 27-year old journalist, and Raheim Rivers (Mackie), a 21-year old bicycle messenger and Banjee.

The film was premiered at the 2021 American Black Film Festival on November 3, 2021, receiving nominations for Best Narrative Feature and Best Director, as well won Fan Favorite Narrative Feature Award. B-Boy Blues was released by BET+ on June 9, 2022. At the 34th GLAAD Media Awards it received nomination for Outstanding Film – Streaming or TV.

Jussie Smollett
Jussie Smollett (/ˈdʒʌsi sməlˈɛt/, born June 21, 1982) is an American actor, filmmaker and singer. He began his career as a child actor in 1991 debuting in The Mighty Ducks (1992). From 2015 to 2019, Smollett portrayed musician Jamal Lyon in the Fox drama series Empire.

In January 2019, Smollett claimed to have been a victim of a hate crime, but police later determined that he had staged the attack with two acquaintances. He was initially charged with filing a false police report, but charges were dropped after he completed community service and forfeited $10,000. In 2020, a special prosecutor re-indicted him, and he was convicted on five counts in December 2021. He was sentenced to jail in March 2022, although his release was ordered after six days. The sentence was upheld on appeal in 2023, but the Illinois Supreme Court later reversed the conviction in 2024 on the basis that he had fulfilled the plea agreement made in 2019.
Westminster Royals
The Westminster Royals (also Westminster United or New Westminster Royals FC) were a Canadian soccer club based in New Westminster, British Columbia. It has the distinction of winning Canada Soccer's The Challenge Trophy nine times, setting the existing record for most domestic cup championships by a team in Canada. Originally known as Westminster United in 1912, they were Canada's dominant team for close to a decade from when they were known as the Westminster Royals in the 1920s and 1930s. They were later known as New Westminster Royals FC when they rejoined the Pacific Coast League in 1948–49.

From their first of two dynasties, they became the first Canadian team to win the Challenge Trophy four times (1928, 1930, 1931, 1936).

Wrote Winnipeg sports journalist Vince Leah in 1943, "you can name the famous Canadian soccer teams on one hand... Westminster Royals, Toronto Ulster, Montréal Carsteel and United Weston.

Montréal Carsteel FC
Montréal Carsteel FC (later known as Cancar FC) was a Canadian soccer club based in Montréal, Québec. They were one-time Dominion of Canada Football Championships winners, lifting the Challenge Trophy in 1948. They were recognized by the Canada Soccer Hall of Fame as an Organisation of Distinction.

Over the course of their soccer history, Carsteel FC played in several leagues and competitions and were at times either a professional or amateur club. They were renamed Cancar FC in 1949 and they played their last major season in 1953. The soccer team was owned (and named after) the Canadian Car and Foundry.

Wrote Winnipeg sports journalist Vince Leah in 1943, "you can name the famous Canadian soccer teams on one hand... Westminster Royals, Toronto Ulster, Montréal Carsteel and United Weston."
Eri Yoshida
Eri Yoshida (吉田 えり, Yoshida Eri; born January 17, 1992) is a Japanese professional baseball player for the Japan Islanders of the Empire Professional Baseball League. She plays as a sidearm knuckleball pitcher. In 2008, at the age of 16, she became the first woman drafted by a Japanese men's professional baseball team.

Arizona Winter League
The Arizona Winter League (AWL) was an independent professional winter baseball league. Arizona Winter League games were all played at Desert Sun Stadium in Yuma, Arizona. The league was founded in 2007. It disbanded in 2013 due to parent league, the Golden Baseball League/North American League, folding, but was restarted in 2016, only to fold again following the 2018 season.
Carr Lane, Missouri
Carr Lane is an unincorporated community in Stone County, Missouri, United States. Located at the intersection of State Routes 39 and 86, it lies approximately one mile north of the Arkansas state line and one mile east of the Stone - Barry county line. The community is part of the Branson, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Missouri Route 39
Route 39 is a two-lane highway in southwestern Missouri.  Its northern terminus is at U.S. Route 54 between Collins and El Dorado Springs at the community of Cedar Springs; its southern terminus is at the Arkansas state line (north of Berryville, Arkansas) where it continues as Highway 221.

Route 39 is one of the original 1922 state highways.  At that time, its southern terminus was at the Dade/Lawrence County line south of Pennsboro.

There is a short Business Route 39 in Mount Vernon.
TMLHE
Trimethyllysine dioxygenase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the TMLHE gene in chromosome X. Mutations in the TMLHE gene resulting in carnitine biosynthesis disruption have been associated with autism symptoms.

X chromosome
The X chromosome is one of the two sex chromosomes in many organisms, including mammals, and is found in both males and females. It is a part of the XY sex-determination system and XO sex-determination system. The X chromosome was named for its unique properties by early researchers, which resulted in the naming of its counterpart Y chromosome, for the next letter in the alphabet, following its subsequent discovery.
Amor (Gabriel Ruiz song)
"Amor", also known as "Amor Amor" and "Amor Amor Amor" is a popular song published in 1943.

The music was written by Gabriel Ruiz, with original Spanish lyrics by Ricardo López Méndez and English lyrics by Sunny Skylar.

Ricardo López Méndez
Ricardo López Méndez (7 February 1903 – 28 December 1989)
was a Mexican poet and song lyricist. He was born in Izamal, Yucatán. He became director of the Public Library and an advisor to Felipe Carrillo Puerto,  governor of Yucatán from 1922 to 1924. In 1927 he moved to Mexico City as a representative of the government of Yucatán. He was a founder of the radio station XEW (and others across Mexico) and a pioneer of the use of radio to access rural populations. He also became vice president of the Society of Authors and Composers (SACM).

In 2004 his collected poetry and journalism were published as Poesía y Pensamiento. His poem El Credo Mexicano ("Mexican Creed") is a popular patriotic declaration of faith in the country. He also penned the lyrics to the popular song "Amor, Amor, Amor".

López Méndez died in Cuernavaca, Morelos, in 1989.
One of his radio stations still bears his initials as its callsign, XHRLM-FM in Ciudad Mante, Tamaulipas.
Mkonze
Mkonze is an administrative ward in the Dodoma Urban district of the Dodoma Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 13,602 people in the ward, from 12,515 in 2012.: 22 : 15

Dodoma Municipal Council
Dodoma City District, officially the Dodoma Municipal Council (Halimashauri ya  Manispaaa ya Dodoma, in Swahili) is one of seven districts of the Dodoma Region of Tanzania. It is bordered to the west by Bahi District, and to the east by Chamwino District. It covers an area of 2,607 km2 (1,007 sq mi).  The district is comparable in size to the land area of Luxembourg. Its administrative seat is the city of Dodoma, also the legislative capital of Tanzania. The 2012 National Tanzania Census states the population for the district as 410,956.
Stare Skoszewy
Stare Skoszewy [ˈstarɛ skɔˈʂɛvɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowosolna, within Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 14 km (9 mi) north-east of the regional capital Łódź. It is located in Łęczyca Land.

Skoszewy was a private town, administratively located in the Brzeziny County in the Łęczyca Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland.

Gmina Nowosolna
Gmina Nowosolna is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Łódź East County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It has its seat in the former village of Nowosolna, although this is now part of the Widzew district of Łódź, and is therefore not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 53.98 square kilometres (20.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,788.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Łódź Hills Landscape Park.
Kim Ji-an
Kim Ji-an (Korean: 김지안; born 5 February 1992) is a South Korean actress. She is known for her roles in drama such as My Lawyer, Mr. Jo, Moonshine, One More Happy Ending and Three Bold Siblings. She also appeared in movies The Co Artists, The Artist: Reborn, Luck Key and Will This Love Be Reached?.

Moonshine (South Korean TV series)
Moonshine (Korean: 꽃 피면 달 생각하고) is a South Korean television series starring Yoo Seung-ho, Lee Hye-ri, Byeon Woo-seok, and Kang Mi-na. It tells the story of four young people as they grow up, form friendships and fall in love during the era of strict alcohol prohibition. It aired on KBS2 from December 20, 2021 to February 22, 2022, every Monday and Tuesday at 21:30 (KST) for 16 episodes.
Villa Contarini (Este)
Villa Contarini, also known as Vigna Contarena, is a villa in Este, Province of Padua, in the Veneto region of northern Italy. The name Vigna Contarena (vigna meaning « vineyard ») seems to come from the fruit trees and vines originally cultivated in the park of the villa, situated at the foot of the Euganean Hills.
The villa was built in the first years of the 17th century and served both residential and agricultural purposes, with the ground floor destined for storage and labor uses, while the first floor, or piano nobile, contained the living quarters and formal rooms.

Este, Veneto
Este (Italian: [ˈɛste]) is a town and comune of the Province of Padua, in the Veneto region of northern Italy. It is situated at the foot of the Euganean Hills. The town is a centre for farming, crafts and industry worthy of note.
Yoshino Ōishi
Yoshino Ōishi (大石 芳野, Ōishi Yoshino; born May 28, 1944) is a Japanese photojournalist.

Ōishi was born in Suginami-ku, Tokyo on 28 May 1944. Seeing Melanesian art while at Nihon University had a big effect on her, as did a visit to Vietnam and Cambodia in 1966. After graduating in photography, she became a freelance photojournalist, working in west Africa, southeast Asia, and Europe. In 1971 she held an exhibition in the Nikon Salon of photographs of a Ghanaian child growing up in Nagano; she then spent three years photographing New Guinea. She worked on portraiture, and documented the effects of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia, the effects of wartime dioxin in Vietnam, perestroika in the Soviet Union, and more.

Ōishi's work on Vietnam won her the Domon Ken Award. In both 1982 and 1989 she won the Annual Award from the Photographic Society of Japan. She has taught at Tokyo Polytechnic University. Her work is in the permanent collection of the Tokyo Metropolitan Museum of Photography.

Nihon University
Nihon University (日本大学, Nihon Daigaku; lit. 'Japan University'), abbreviated as Nichidai (日大), is a private research university in Japan. Its predecessor, Nihon Law School (currently the Department of Law), was founded by Yamada Akiyoshi, the Minister of Justice, in 1889. The university's name is derived from the Japanese word "Nihon" meaning Japan. Nihon University now has 16 colleges and 87 departments, 20 postgraduate schools, one junior college which is composed of five departments, one correspondence division, 32 research institutes and three hospitals. The number of students exceeds 70,000 and is the largest in Japan.
Bell tent
A bell tent is a human shelter for inhabiting, traveling or leisure that has been used since 600AD. The design is a simple structure, supported by a single central pole, covered with cotton canvas. The stability of the tent is reinforced with tension by guy ropes connected around the top of the walls and being held down by pegs around the circumference to the ground. It has a circular floor plan of some 10 ft and larger.
The multiple sizes of bell tents can be suited to their use or preference and most have a spacious interior, with room to sleep a number of people.

Glamping
Glamping is a portmanteau of "glamorous" and "camping", and describes a style of camping with amenities and, in some cases, resort-style services not usually associated with "traditional" camping. Glamping has become particularly popular with 21st-century tourists seeking modern amenities, such as Wi-Fi, alongside "the escapism and adventure recreation of camping", in a variety of accommodations such as cabins, treehouses, and tents.
Thomas Stafford, 3rd Earl of Stafford
Thomas Stafford, 3rd Earl of Stafford (c. 1368 – 4 July 1392) was the second son—but the senior surviving heir—of Hugh Stafford, 2nd Earl of Stafford and Philippa de Beauchamp, daughter of Thomas de Beauchamp, 11th Earl of Warwick. His elder brother, his father's heir, Sir Ralph Stafford, was murdered by Richard II's half-brother, the earl of Huntingdon whilst they were campaigning in Scotland in July 1385. As a result, Thomas became heir to the earldom of Stafford, and in 1390 he was knighted. He gained livery of his estates in 1391 and paid homage to the king for them on 20 October that year. He spent his short career campaigning in France alongside the duke of Gloucester.

Thomas Stafford married Anne, daughter of Thomas, Duke of Gloucester around 1390. He died on 4 July 1392 in Westminster, and was interred in Stone, with his father; his widow, Anne, with whom he had had no children, married his youngest brother Edmund Stafford, 5th Earl of Stafford.

Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester
Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester (7 January 1355 – 8 or 9 September 1397) was the fifth surviving son and youngest child of King Edward III of England and Philippa of Hainault. He led the rebellion of the Lords Appellant against his nephew, King Richard II, in 1388. In 1397, he was accused of treason and imprisoned; while awaiting trial, he was assassinated, presumably on Richard's orders.
Quentin Plair
Quentin Plair (born 1988) is an American actor.  He has appeared in such shows as Tiny Beautiful Things, Welcome to Chippendales and Roswell, New Mexico.  He also played Emperor in the 2020 miniseries The Good Lord Bird.

In film, he played Marquis Cooper in the upcoming film Not Without Hope (2025).

Welcome to Chippendales
Welcome to Chippendales is an American biographical drama television miniseries created by Robert Siegel inspired by the book Deadly Dance: The Chippendales Murders by K. Scot Macdonald and Patrick MontesDeOca. It stars Kumail Nanjiani as Somen "Steve" Banerjee, the founder of Chippendales.

Welcome to Chippendales premiered on November 22, 2022, on Hulu. It  received generally positive reviews from critics and earned five Primetime Emmy Awards nominations, including for all four leads.