hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Walks plus hits per inning pitched
In baseball statistics, walks plus hits per inning pitched (WHIP) is a sabermetric measurement of the number of baserunners a pitcher has allowed per inning pitched. WHIP is calculated by adding the number of walks and hits allowed and dividing this sum by the number of innings pitched.

WHIP reflects a pitcher's propensity for allowing batters to reach base, therefore a lower WHIP indicates better performance.

While earned run average (ERA) measures the earned runs a pitcher gives up, WHIP more directly measures a pitcher's effectiveness against batters. Like ERA, WHIP accounts for pitcher performance disregarding errors and unearned runs.

Sabermetrics
Sabermetrics (originally SABRmetrics)  is the original or blanket term for sports analytics for the empirical analysis of baseball, especially the development of advanced metrics based on baseball statistics that measure in-game activity. The term is derived from the movement's progenitors, members of the Society for American Baseball Research (SABR), founded in 1971, and was coined by Bill James, 
(in 1980, according to SABR.org), who is one of its pioneers and considered its most prominent advocate and public face.

The term moneyball refers to the use of metrics to identify "undervalued players" and sign them to what ideally will become "below market value" contracts; it began as an effort by small-market teams to compete with the much greater resources of big-market ones.
Spoiler (security vulnerability)
Spoiler is a security vulnerability on modern computer central processing units that use speculative execution. It exploits side-effects of speculative execution to improve the efficiency of Rowhammer and other related memory and cache attacks. According to reports, all modern Intel Core CPUs are vulnerable to the attack as of 2019. AMD has stated that its processors are not vulnerable.

Spoiler was issued a Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures ID of CVE-2019-0162.

Speculative execution
Speculative execution is an optimization technique where a computer system performs some task that may not be needed. Work is done before it is known whether it is actually needed, so as to prevent a delay that would have to be incurred by doing the work after it is known that it is needed. If it turns out the work was not needed after all, most changes made by the work are reverted and the results are ignored.

The objective is to provide more concurrency if extra resources are available. This approach is employed in a variety of areas, including branch prediction in pipelined processors, value prediction for exploiting value locality, prefetching memory and files, and optimistic concurrency control in database systems.

Speculative multithreading is a special case of speculative execution.
Meilen District
47°16′N 8°40′E﻿ / ﻿47.267°N 8.667°E﻿ / 47.267; 8.667
Meilen District is one of the twelve districts of the German-speaking canton of Zurich, Switzerland. It lies to the south of the canton in the Pfannenstiel region, forming much of the northern shore of Lake Zurich. The district capital is the town of Meilen.

Canton of Zurich
The canton of Zurich is an administrative unit (canton) of Switzerland, situated in the northeastern part of the country. With a population of 1,553,423 (as of 31 December 2020), it is the most populous canton of Switzerland. Zurich is the de facto capital of the canton, but is not specifically mentioned in the constitution. The official language is German. The local Swiss German dialect, called Züritüütsch, is commonly spoken.

The canton has the highest Human Development Index score (0.993) out of 1,790 subnational regions as of 2022. It is also a global financial center and has the fourth-highest GRP in Switzerland behind Basel-Stadt, Zug and Geneva by GDP per capita.
Svenska Dagbladet Gold Medal
The Svenska Dagbladet Gold Medal (Swedish: Svenska Dagbladets guldmedalj, but usually simply called Bragdguldet, "The Feat Gold") is an annual award "for the most significant Swedish sports achievement of the year". It has been awarded by a jury led by the Swedish morning paper Svenska Dagbladet since 1925. According to its statutes the Medal may be awarded in November or December to either an individual sportsperson or a team. An individual can be awarded the Medal no more than twice, and to receive a second medal, that athlete must be "regarded a class of his own".

Anja Pärson
Anja Sofia Tess Pärson (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈânːja ˈpæ̌ːʂɔn]; born 25 April 1981) is a Swedish former alpine skier. She is an Olympic gold medalist, seven-time gold medalist at the World Championships, and two-time overall Alpine Skiing World Cup champion. This included winning three gold medals in the 2007 World Championship in her native Sweden. She has won a total of 42 World Cup races.
Bubble (2022 film)
Bubble (Japanese: バブル, Hepburn: Baburu) is a 2022 Japanese animated post-apocalyptic film produced by Wit Studio. It is directed by Tetsurō Araki and written by Gen Urobuchi with character designs by Takeshi Obata and music composed by Hiroyuki Sawano. The film had early screenings at the Berlin International Film Festival on February 10, 2022. It was followed by its worldwide release on Netflix on April 28, 2022, before it was released theatrically in Japan in May. A manga adaptation of the film by Erubo Hijihara was serialized in Shōnen Jump+ from April 22 to May 23, 2022.

Tetsurō Araki
Tetsurō Araki (荒木 哲郎, Araki Tetsurō; born November 5, 1976) is a Japanese animator, storyboard artist, and director. He goes by the alias Mochizuki Saburō (望月 三郎) when working as an episode director and key animator. He is best known as the director of the widely acclaimed anime adaptations of Death Note and the first three seasons of Attack on Titan.
US Siracusa
US Siracusa S.r.l., commonly referred to as simply Siracusa, was an Italian association football club located in Syracuse, Sicily.

The club withdrew from professional football in 2012. An illegitimate phoenix club, was promoted to Lega Pro in 2016 as Siracusa Calcio (known as A.S.D. Città di Siracusa from 2014 to 2016 and Sport Club Siracusa from 2013 to 2014). Another illegitimate phoenix club, also known as A.S.D. Città di Siracusa, lasted for only one season from 2012 to 2013.

U.S. Siracusa itself was an illegitimate phoenix club of A.S. Siracusa, which was an illegitimate phoenix club of C.S. Tommaso Gargallo.

Eccellenza Sicily
Eccellenza Sicily (Italian: Eccellenza Sicilia) is the regional Italian Eccellenza football division for clubs in Sicily. It is competed among 32 teams in two groups (A and B). The winners of the Groups are promoted to Serie D. The clubs that finish second also have the chance to gain promotion. They are entered into a national play-off that consists of two rounds.
Karszanek
Karszanek [karˈʂanɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Osiek, within Starogard County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located within the ethnocultural region of Kociewie in the historic region of Pomerania.

Gmina Osiek, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Gmina Osiek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Starogard County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Osiek, which lies approximately 28 kilometres (17 mi) south of Starogard Gdański and 73 km (45 mi) south of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 155.63 square kilometres (60.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 2,416.
Macuspana
Macuspana is a city in Macuspana Municipality in the south-central part of  the state of Tabasco in southeastern Mexico. The city of Macuspana had a 2005 census population of 30,661 and is the fifth-largest city in the state. It is the municipal seat of the municipality of Macuspana, which has an area of 2,551.7 km2 (985.22 sq mi) and a population of 142,954, which includes numerous smaller communities. The largest of these communities is Benito Juárez (San Carlos).

It is the birthplace of Andrés Manuel López Obrador.

Tabasco
Tabasco, officially the Free and Sovereign State of Tabasco, is one of the 32 federal entities of Mexico. It is divided into 17 municipalities and its capital city is Villahermosa.

It is located in southeast Mexico and is bordered by the states of Campeche to the northeast, Veracruz to the west, and Chiapas to the south and the Petén department of Guatemala to the southeast. It has a coastline to the north with the Gulf of Mexico. Most of the state is covered in rainforest as, unlike most other areas of Mexico, it has plentiful rainfall year-round. The state is also home to La Venta, the major site of the Olmec civilization, considered to be the origin of later Mesoamerican cultures. It produces significant quantities of petroleum and natural gas.
Damyanov
Damyanov (Bulgarian: Дамянов) (feminine: Damyanova) is a patronymic surname of Bulgarian origin, meaning "child of Damyan". Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandar Damyanov (born 1943), Bulgarian sprint canoer

Andrey Damyanov (1813–1878), Bulgarian architect

Borislav Damyanov (born 1998), Bulgarian footballer

Damyan Damyanov (born 2000), Bulgarian footballer

Georgi Damyanov (1892–1958), Bulgarian politician

Ignat Damyanov (born 1987), Bulgarian footballer

Svobodka Damyanova (born 1955), Bulgarian sprinter

Velin Damyanov (born 1988), Bulgarian footballer

Damyan
Damyan (Bulgarian: Дамян) is a Bulgarian masculine given name, a form of Damian. Notable people with the given name include:

Damyan Damyanov (born 2000), Bulgarian footballer

Damyan Georgiev (1950–2020), Bulgarian footballer

Dame Gruev (1871–1906), Bulgarian teacher, revolutionary and insurgent leader

Damyan Hristov (born 2002), Bulgarian footballer

Dame Stoykov (born 1966), Bulgarian judoka

Damyan Velchev (1883–1954), Bulgarian politician and general
Halorespiration
Organohalide respiration (OHR) (previously named halorespiration or dehalorespiration) is the use of halogenated compounds as terminal electron acceptors in anaerobic respiration.
Organohalide respiration can play a part in microbial biodegradation. The most common substrates are chlorinated aliphatics (PCE, TCE, chloroform) and chlorinated phenols. Organohalide-respiring bacteria are highly diverse. This trait is found in some Campylobacterota, Thermodesulfobacteriota, Chloroflexota (green nonsulfur bacteria), low G+C gram positive Clostridia, and ultramicrobacteria.

Dehalococcoides
Dehalococcoides is a genus of bacteria within class Dehalococcoidia that obtain energy via the oxidation of hydrogen and subsequent reductive dehalogenation of halogenated organic compounds in a mode of anaerobic respiration called organohalide respiration. They are well known for their great potential to remediate halogenated ethenes and aromatics. They are the only bacteria known to transform highly chlorinated dioxins, PCBs. In addition, they are the only known bacteria to transform tetrachloroethene (perchloroethene, PCE) to ethene.
Rebecca Caudill
Rebecca Caudill Ayars (February 2, 1899 – October 2, 1985) was an American writer of children's literature. More than twenty of her books were published. Tree of Freedom (Viking, 1949) was a Newbery Honor Book in 1950. A Pocketful of Cricket (Holt, 1964), illustrated by Evaline Ness, was a Caldecott Honor Book.

Tree of Freedom
Tree of Freedom is a 1949 children's historical fiction novel written by Rebecca Caudill and illustrated by Dorothy Morse. It is a pioneer story set in Kentucky at the time of the American Revolutionary War. The novel was a Newbery Honor recipient in 1950.
I Think I'm Okay
"I Think I'm Okay" (stylized as "I Think I'm OKAY") is a song by American musician Machine Gun Kelly, English musician Yungblud, and American musician Travis Barker. It was released as a single on June 7, 2019, from the former's fourth studio album Hotel Diablo.

Yungblud
Dominic Richard Harrison (born 5 August 1997), known professionally as Yungblud, is an English musician and actor. In 2018, he released his debut EP Yungblud, followed by his first full-length album 21st Century Liability. In 2019, he released his second EP, The Underrated Youth, and the following year, he released his second studio album, Weird!, which peaked at the top of the UK Albums Chart and reached number 75 on the US Billboard 200. His third album, titled Yungblud like his first EP, was released in 2022 and reached number 1 on the UK Album Charts, as well as number 45 on the Billboard 200 and number 7 on the U.S. Top Rock Albums chart.
Tarbaj Constituency
Tarbaj is a constituency in Kenya. It is one of the six constituencies in wajir  it is also one of developed constituency in Kenya . The constituency IEBC data shows 11450 sq km hence one of the largest constituency in wajir . It has a population of 420,650 people . Those who live are Fai the sub clan of Degodia  [Omar fai , Rer aba Hussein, Rerow Gedi, Rer  ismail] the sub clan of Fai . The constituency has five wards   Elben ward , sarman ward , kutulo ward , wargadud ward , and tarbaj ward . Leaders from Tarbaj Constituency  led by Hussein abdi bare the current member of parliament in Tarbaj Constituency .Wajir County.

Constituencies of Kenya
The constituencies of Kenya are used to elect members of the National Assembly, the lower chamber of the Kenyan Parliament. In accordance with Article 89 of the 2010 Constitution of Kenya, there are 290 constituencies, based on a formula where these constituencies were to be delineated based on population numbers. Each constituency returns one Member of National Assembly. The constituencies are further divided into electoral wards.
Battle of Deres
The Battle of Deres was a fight between the Spartans and the Messenians which occurred c. 684 BC. It was the first major military engagement of the Second Messenian War. The Spartans and Messenians didn't have any allies at the time of the conflict and the outcome of the battle was highly disputed. Neither side won a clear victory, but Aristomenes is said to have achieved more than it seemed that one man could, so that, as he was of the race of the Aepytidae, the Messenians offered to make him king after the battle. However, he declined the offer, preferring instead to become general with absolute powers.

This battle did not take place at the Lakonian Dereion, but one would expect Derai to mean a "small hill". the place-name Dera occurs in a fragmentary late second century Messenian inscription, which appears to have been a definition of the Messenian borders with Arcadia, otherwise, nothing else is known about this place.

Aristomenes
Aristomenes (Ancient Greek: Ἀριστομένης) was a king of Messenia, celebrated for his struggle with the Spartans in the Second Messenian War (685–668 BC), and his resistance to them on Mount Eira for 11 years. At length the mountain fell to the enemy, while he escaped and, according to legend, was snatched up by the gods; in fact he died at Rhodes.
Maqun station
Maqun station (simplified Chinese: 马群站; traditional Chinese: 馬群站; pinyin: Mǎqún Zhàn) is a station of Line 2 and Line S6 of the Nanjing Metro. It started operations on 28 May 2010 along with the rest of Line 2. The theme of this station's decorations is the New Year.

Nanjing Metro
The Nanjing Metro is a rapid transit system serving the urban and suburban districts of Nanjing, the capital city of Jiangsu Province in the People's Republic of China.

Proposals for a metro system serving Nanjing first began in 1984, with approval by the State Planning Commission granted in 1994. Construction began on the initial 16-station Line 1 in 1999, and opened in 2005. The system has 14 lines and 243 stations running on 571.49 km (355.11 mi) of track. It is operated and maintained by the Nanjing Metro Group Company. Future expansion plans include 30 lines set to open within the next few years, with several more awaiting approval to begin construction.
Domain-specific modeling
Domain-specific modeling (DSM) is a software engineering methodology for designing and developing systems, such as computer software. It involves systematic use of a domain-specific language to represent the various facets of a system.

Domain-specific modeling languages tend to support higher-level abstractions than general-purpose modeling languages, so they require less effort and fewer low-level details to specify a given system.

Software factory
A software factory is a structured collection of related software assets that aids in producing computer software applications or software components according to specific, externally defined end-user requirements through an assembly process. A software factory applies manufacturing techniques and principles to software development to mimic the benefits of traditional manufacturing.  Software factories are generally involved with outsourced software creation.
Dr. Holl
Dr. Holl is a 1951 West German drama film directed by Rolf Hansen and starring Maria Schell, Dieter Borsche and Carl Wery. At the 1st Berlin International Film Festival it won the Certificate of Honour award. It was shot at the Bavaria Studios in Munich and on location in Rome  and around Sorrento and the Gulf of Naples. The film's sets were designed by the art director Robert Herlth.

1st Berlin International Film Festival
The 1st annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 6 to 17 June 1951 at the Titiana-Palast cinema. The opening film was Alfred Hitchcock's Rebecca.

At this first Berlin Festival, the Golden Bear award was introduced, and it was awarded to the best film in each of five categories: drama, comedy, crime or adventure, music film, and documentary. This system disappeared already the following year because FIAPF (Federation Internationale des Associations des Producteurs de Films) stated that the awarding of prizes by an expert jury was reserved for "A-festivals" only. Instead, the next year's festival awards were voted on by the audience.
Alnavar
Alnavar is a town and taluk in the Dharwad district in Karnataka, India [Alnavar is the smallest taluk in Karnataka with 13 villages .Alnavar is known for its "wood factory", "wood" and "furniture". It has a railway junction which comes under south western railway lines of India. Some of the places to visit are Dandeli which is famous for its flora and fauna.

Dharwad district
Dharwad district or Dharawada is an administrative district of the state of Karnataka in southern India. The administrative headquarters of the district is the city of Dharwad, also known as Dharwar. Dharwad is located 425 km northwest of Bangalore and 421 km southeast of Pune, on the main highway between Chennai and Pune, the National Highway 4 (NH4).

Before 1997 the district had an area of 13738 km2. In 1997, the new districts of Gadag and Haveri were carved out of Dharwad's former territory, and a portion of Dharwad district was combined with lands formerly part of three other districts to create the new district of Davanagere.
Haruki Iwata
Haruki Iwata (Japanese: 岩田 陽葵, Hepburn: Iwata Haruki; born 3 April 1995) is a Japanese actress and singer affiliated with Fennec. She is known for portraying Mahiru Tsuyuzaki in Revue Starlight, Mai Thi Yoshimura in Assault Lily, and Towa Hanamaki in D4DJ.

I Shall Survive Using Potions!
I Shall Survive Using Potions! (Japanese: ポーション頼みで生き延びます！, Hepburn: Pōshon-danomi de Ikinobimasu!) is a Japanese light novel series written by FUNA. The series originated on the Shōsetsuka ni Narō website, before being published in print with illustrations by Sukima by Kodansha beginning in June 2017. As of December 2023, ten volumes have been released. A manga adaptation, illustrated by Hibiki Kokonoe, was serialized on the Niconico-based Suiyōbi no Sirius platform in June 2017 to November 2021, with its individual chapters collected into nine volumes. A sequel manga, illustrated by Futsū Onshin, began serialization on the same platform in August 2022. As of November 2023, the manga's individual chapters have been collected into two volumes. An anime television series produced by Jumondou, aired from October to December 2023.
Tierra Linda Middle School
Tierra Linda Middle School is a middle school in San Carlos, California, United States, founded in 1953. It is one of two middle schools within the San Carlos Elementary School District, and since 2018, has served students in grades 6–8. Due to changing enrollment, the school was closed in 1982, but reopened in 2000. It shares a campus with Mariposa Upper Elementary School and San Carlos Charter Learning Center.

Carlmont High School
Carlmont High School is a public high school in Belmont, California, United States serving grades 9–12 as part of the Sequoia Union High School District. Carlmont is a California Distinguished School.

Carlmont was founded in 1952 as "a school within a school" at Sequoia High School, with four hundred fifty freshman and sophomore students.
Itô's lemma
In mathematics, Itô's lemma or Itô's formula (also called the Itô–Doeblin formula) is an identity used in Itô calculus to find the differential of a time-dependent function of a stochastic process. It serves as the stochastic calculus counterpart of the chain rule. It can be heuristically derived by forming the Taylor series expansion of the function up to its second derivatives and retaining terms up to first order in the time increment and second order in the Wiener process increment. The lemma is widely employed in mathematical finance, and its best known application is in the derivation of the Black–Scholes equation for option values.

This result was discovered by Japanese mathematician Kiyoshi Itô in 1951.

Chain rule
In calculus, the chain rule is a formula that expresses the derivative of the composition of two differentiable functions z and y in terms of the derivatives of z and y. More precisely, if  is the composition such that  for every x, then the chain rule is, in Lagrange's notation,

or, equivalently,

The chain rule may also be expressed in Leibniz's notation. If a variable z depends on the variable y, which itself depends on the variable x (that is, y and z are dependent variables), then z depends on x as well, via the intermediate variable y. In this case, the chain rule is expressed as
 
and

for indicating at which points the derivatives have to be evaluated.

In integration, the counterpart to the chain rule is the substitution rule.
Embers of War
Embers of War: The Fall of an Empire and the Making of America's Vietnam is a 2012 book by historian Fredrik Logevall, then a professor at Cornell University. The book won the 2013 Pulitzer Prize for History, the inaugural American Library in Paris Book Award, and the 2013 Arthur Ross Book Award and was a runner-up for the Cundill Prize. The book covers the Vietnam conflict right from the 1919 Versailles Peace Conference till 1959, when the first American soldiers are killed in an ambush near Saigon in Vietnam, focusing on the Indochina War between France and the Viet Minh.

American Library in Paris Book Award
American Library in Paris Book Award was created in 2013 with a donation from the Florence Gould Foundation. It is awarded each November with a remunerative prize of $5,000 to "a work written originally in English that deepens and stimulates our understanding of France or the French.."

The American Library in Paris "was founded and originally run by American expatriates in Paris in 1920, with books that had been sent by American libraries to soldiers fighting in World War I."