hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
José Ramón Rodil, 1st Marquis of Rodil
Don José Ramón Rodil y Campillo, 1st Marquis of Rodil and 3rd Viscount of Trobo (February 5, 1789 in Santa María de Trobo, – February 20, 1853 in Madrid) was a Spanish Liberal general and statesman. Originally a law student at the University of Santiago de Compostela, he enlisted in the Spanish army and went to Peru in 1817 as one of the commissioned officers in the fight against the pro-independence nationalist forces. He also served as Prime Minister of Spain from 17 June 1842 to 9 May 1843.

He led the Carabineros Corps, established by a royal decree issued by King Fernando VII in 1829 at the time that Luis López Ballesteros was Minister of Finance.

Carabineros
The Carabineros was an armed carabiniers force of Spain under both the monarchy and the Second Republic. The formal mission of this paramilitary gendarmerie was to patrol the coasts and borders of the country, operating against fraud and smuggling. As such the Carabineros performed the dual roles of frontier guards and customs officials.

The force was established in 1829 and lasted until 1940 when it was summarily disbanded and merged with the Guardia Civil.
Shellshock: Nam '67
Shellshock: Nam '67 is a 2004 third-person shooter video game developed by Guerrilla Games and published by Eidos Interactive for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 2, and Xbox. The game leans atmospherically into a gritty, war-torn aesthetic with a grainy visual filter simulates the look of ’60s war photography and films, reinforcing the harshness and grim reality of combat.

Guerrilla Games
Guerrilla B.V. (trade name: Guerrilla Games) is a Dutch first-party video game developer based in Amsterdam and part of PlayStation Studios. The company was founded as Lost Boys Games in January 2000 through the merger of three smaller development studios as a subsidiary of multimedia conglomerate company Lost Boys. Lost Boys Games became independent the following year and was acquired by Media Republic in 2003, renaming the studio to Guerrilla Games before being purchased by Sony Computer Entertainment in 2005. As of 2025, the company employs 385 people under the leadership of joint studio directors Jan-Bart van Beek, Joel Eschler and Hella Schmidt. It is best known for the Killzone and Horizon game series.
Recalcitrant seed
Recalcitrant seeds are seeds that do not survive drying and freezing during ex situ conservation. By and large, these seeds cannot resist the effects of drying or temperatures less than 10 °C (50 °F); thus, they cannot be stored for long periods like orthodox seeds because they can lose their viability. Plants that produce recalcitrant seeds include avocado, mango, mangosteen, lychee, cocoa, rubber tree, some horticultural trees, aquatic plants such as Nymphaea caerulea, and several plants used in traditional medicine, such as species of Virola and Pentaclethra. Generally speaking, most tropical pioneer species have orthodox seeds but many climax species have recalcitrant or intermediate seeds.

Mango
A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree Mangifera indica. It originated in the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent, in what is now Bangladesh, northeastern India and Myanmar. M. indica has been cultivated in South and Southeast Asia since ancient times, resulting in two modern mango cultivar lineages: the "Indian" and the "Southeast Asian" types. Other species in the genus Mangifera also produce edible fruits called "mangoes," most of which are found in the Malesian ecoregion.

There are several hundred cultivars of mango worldwide. Depending on the cultivar, mango fruit varies in size, shape, sweetness, skin color, and flesh color, which may be pale yellow, gold, green, or orange. Mango is the national fruit of India, Pakistan, and the Philippines, while the mango tree is the national tree of Bangladesh.
Kamov
JSC Kamov (Russian: Камов) is a rotorcraft manufacturing company based in Lyubertsy, Russia.

The Kamov Design Bureau (design office prefix Ka) has more recently specialised in compact helicopters with coaxial rotors, suitable for naval service and high-speed operations.

Coaxial-rotor aircraft
A coaxial-rotor aircraft is an aircraft whose rotors are mounted on concentric shafts with the same axis of rotation but turn in opposite directions (contra-rotating). This is done to offset the yawing movement that one rotor imparts on the aircraft. Benefits of this system also include avoiding the dissymmetry of lift problem, reduced noise, and a reduced size of aircraft due to not needing a tail rotor. These advantages come at the cost of increased mechanical complexity for the rotor assembly.

This rotor configuration is a feature of helicopters produced by the Russian Kamov helicopter design bureau.
1993 Nova Scotia general election
The 1993 Nova Scotia general election was held on May 25, 1993, to elect members of the 56th House of Assembly of the province of Nova Scotia, Canada. The Liberals under John Savage won a landslide victory over the unpopular Progressive Conservatives under Premier Donald Cameron, while Alexa McDonough's NDP remained a distant third, winning three seats.

Donald Cameron (Nova Scotia premier)
Donald William Cameron (May 20, 1946 – May 3, 2021) was a Canadian politician who served as the 22nd premier of Nova Scotia from February 1991 to June 1993. He represented the electoral district of Pictou East in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1974 to 1993, as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia. Following his political career, he was appointed the Canadian Consul General to New England.
Peggy Sue Got Married (musical)
Peggy Sue Got Married is a 2001 musical adapted from the 1986 Francis Ford Coppola film of the same name. The musical shares the same storyline as the movie, following a 42-year-old woman as she travels back in time to relive certain high school experiences.

The book was written by Arlene Sarner and Jerry Leichtling, with music composed by Bob Gaudio, and lyrics by Jerry Leichtling. The musical opened in the West End theatres of London in August 2001, with Ruthie Henshall starring as Peggy Sue; other actors included Tim Howar, Gavin Lee, and Andrew Kennedy. Ruthie Henshall received an Olivier Award nomination for Best Actress in a Musical in the role of Peggy Sue. The production runs for two hours and thirty minutes, with one intermission.

Bob Gaudio
Robert John Gaudio (born November 17, 1942) is an American songwriter, singer, musician, and record producer, and the keyboardist and backing vocalist of the pop/rock band the Four Seasons. Gaudio wrote or co-wrote the vast majority of the band's music, including hits like "Sherry" and "December, 1963 (Oh, What a Night)", as well as "Can't Take My Eyes Off You" for Frankie Valli. Though he no longer performs with the group, Gaudio and lead singer Valli remain co-owners of the Four Seasons brand.
Pinabacdao
Pinabacdao, officially the Municipality of Pinabacdao (Waray: Bungto han Pinabacdao; Tagalog: Bayan ng Pinabacdao), is a municipality in the province of Samar, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 18,136 people.

It is considered as the center of rice production in the province of Samar. The home of Mayaw-Mayaw Festival, an ethnic and dance festival celebrated every May 10 of each year. Mayaw-Mayaw Festival won second runner-up in the festival dance competition and first prize winner in the float design competition during the 2015 Aliwan Fiesta which was held on April 23–25 in the cities of Manila and Pasay.

Samar (province)
Samar, officially the Province of Samar (Waray: Probinsya han Samar; Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Samar), or also known as Western Samar, is a province in the Philippines located in the Eastern Visayas region. Its capital is the city of Catbalogan while Calbayog is the most populous city in the province. It is bordered by Northern Samar, Eastern Samar, Leyte and Leyte Gulf, and includes several islands in the Samar Sea. Samar is connected to the island of Leyte via the San Juanico Bridge.

In 1768, Leyte and modern Samar were created out of the historical province of Samar.  In 1965, Northern and Eastern Samar were created.

Fishing and agriculture are the major economic activities in the province.

On 8 November 2013, the province was significantly damaged by Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan), particularly the towns of Basey, Marabut and Santa Rita.
Rosenwald (film)
Rosenwald: A Remarkable Story of a Jewish Partnership with African American Communities is a 2015 documentary film written and directed by Aviva Kempner about the career of American businessman and philanthropist Julius Rosenwald. It debuted on February 25, 2015 at the Washington Jewish Film Festival.

Aviva Kempner
Aviva Kempner (born December 23, 1946) is a German-born American filmmaker. Her documentaries investigate non-stereotypical images of Jews in history and focus on the untold stories of Jewish people. She is most well known for The Life and Times of Hank Greenberg.
Vudhijaya Chalermlabha
Admiral Prince Vudhijaya Chalermlabh, Prince of Singha (5 December 1883 – 18 October, 1947) was a member of Chakri Dynasty. He served as Minister of Defence and commander of Royal Thai Army between 1931 and 1932. Before then he served as the Minister of the Navy of Royal Thai Navy between 1924 and 1932.

He had trained in the British Royal Navy and was serving as a midshipman in the Mediterranean when in April 1904 he was rescued from drowning off the coast of Sardinia by the efforts of Captain Christopher Cradock of HMS Bacchante.

Christopher Cradock
Rear-Admiral Sir Christopher George Francis Maurice Cradock KCVO CB SGM (2 July 1862 – 1 November 1914) was an English senior officer of the Royal Navy. He earned a reputation for great gallantry.

Appointed to the royal yacht, he was close to the British royal family. Prior to the First World War, his combat service during the Mahdist War and the Boxer Rebellion was all ashore. Appointed Commander-in-Chief of the North America and West Indies Station before the war, his mission was to protect Allied merchant shipping by hunting down German commerce raiders.

Late in 1914 he was tasked to search for and destroy the East Asia Squadron of the Imperial German Navy as it headed home around the tip of South America. Believing that he had no choice but to engage the squadron in accordance with his orders, despite his numerical and tactical inferiority, he was killed during the Battle of Coronel off the coast of Chile in November when the German ships sank his flagship.
Andreev reflection
Andreev reflection, named after the Russian physicist Alexander F. Andreev, is a type of particle scattering which occurs at interfaces between a superconductor (S) and a normal state material (N).  It is a charge-transfer process by which normal current in N is converted to supercurrent in S. Each Andreev reflection transfers a charge 2e across the interface, avoiding the forbidden single-particle transmission within the superconducting energy gap.

This effect is generally called Andreev reflection but it is also be referred to as Andreev–Saint-James reflection, as it was predicted independently by Saint-James and de Gennes and by Andreev in the early sixties.

Alexander Andreev
Alexander Fyodorovich Andreev (Russian: Александр Фёдорович Андреев, 10 December 1939 – 14 March 2023) was a Russian theoretical physicist best known for explaining the eponymous Andreev reflection. Andreev was educated at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, starting in 1959 and graduating ahead of schedule in 1961, having been mentored by Landau.

From 1979, Andreev was a professor at the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology. He focused on the physics of superconductivity, quantum liquids and solids, surface phenomena, and magnetism.

Andreev was a vice-president of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1991–2013).
John Ebling
Francis John Govier Ebling (21 June 1918 – 29 May 1992), generally known as John Ebling, was Professor of Zoology at the University of Sheffield from 1968 to 1983, and subsequently Emeritus Professor of Dermatology 1983-1992. He is best known as a researcher in marine biology who helped to establish Lough Hyne as a field station, and is one of the lead characters in Reflections on a Summer Sea, a history of this facility.  He had a second research interest on sebaceous gland function and skin.  This dominated in later life, and he was editor of the 3rd to 5th editions of the Textbook of Dermatology. He also authored and edited a number of other books on biology and endocrinology including The Glands Inside Us and Population Control by Social Behaviour.

Lough Hyne
Lough Hyne (/lɒx ˈhaɪn/; Irish: Loch Oighinn, meaning 'lake of the cauldron') is a fully  marine sea lough in West Cork, Ireland, about 5 km southwest of Skibbereen. It was designated as Ireland's first Marine Nature Reserve in 1981.
Steinar Sivertsen
Steinar Sivertsen  (born 1941) is a Norwegian schoolteacher and literary critic. He graduated from the University of Oslo in 1971 as cand.philol. with a thesis on the poetry of Harald Sverdrup, and was appointed teacher at the Stavanger Cathedral School from 1973 to 2005.

He was a literary critic for the newspaper Rogalands Avis from 1975 to 1992, and for Stavanger Aftenblad since 1992, and has written more than 2000 critics since he started in 1975. He was awarded the Dalgards kritikarpris in 1984, and again in 1997.

He received the Norwegian Literature Critics Award for 2009.

Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature
The Norwegian Critics Prize for Literature (Den norske Kritikerprisen for litteratur or Kritikerprisen) is awarded by the Norwegian Literature Critics' Association (Norsk Litteraturkritikerlag) and has been awarded every year since 1950. The prize is presented to a Norwegian author for a literary work as agreed to among the members of the Norwegian Literature Critics' Association. Since 1978 the Norwegian Literature Critics' Association has also awarded a prize for the best work of children's literature. In 2003 the Critics Prize for the year's best work of translation was established, and in 2012 the Critics Prize for the year's best work of nonfiction for adults was established. For other Norwegian Critics Awards, see Norwegian Theatre Critics Award, which has been awarded every year since 1939 (except 1940–45), the Norwegian Music Critics Award, which has been awarded every year since 1947, and the Norwegian Dance Critics Award, which has been awarded every year since 1977.
Franciszek Dobrowolski
Franciszek Dobrowolski (Polish pronunciation: [fraɲˈt͡ɕiʂɛɡ dɔbrɔˈvɔlskʲi]; 1830–1896) was a Polish theatre director, editor of Dziennik Poznański (Poznań Daily) and a social and political activist who participated in the Polish National Government during the January Uprising.

Briefly interned in 1864, Dobrowolski left Poland for Germany eventually settling in Poznań where he worked as an editor for Dziennik Poznański and as director of the Polish Theatre in Poznań.

Dziennik Poznański
Dziennik Poznański (transl. Poznań Daily) was an information and current affairs newspaper that was originally founded as a magazine. It was published in 1859–1939 in Poznań. It was briefly reestablished in independent Poland from 1991 to 1999.

Founded by Hipolit Cegielski, it initially represented liberal landlord ideologies, and later expanded to include conservative ones. During the interwar period, it supported the Sanation political movement.

It was headed by Władysław Bentkowski, Hipolit Cegielski, Józef Jagielski and Franciszek Dobrowolski.
Northwestern Regional High School
Northwestern Regional High School is a public regional high school located in Winsted, Connecticut, serving the towns of Barkhamsted, Colebrook, New Hartford and Norfolk. Northwestern Regional High School, a part of Regional School District No. 7, is located in the same building as Northwestern Regional Middle School, which serves grades 7 and 8.

Barkhamsted, Connecticut
Barkhamsted (/bɑːrkˈhæmstɛd/ bark-HAM-sted) is a town in Litchfield County, Connecticut, United States. It contains seven villages: West Hill, Mallory, Barkhamsted Center, Center Hill, Washington Hill, Pleasant Valley, and Riverton. The population was 3,647 at the 2020 census, down from 3,799 at the 2010 census. The town is part of the Northwest Hills Planning Region. Barkhamsted was first incorporated in 1779, and named after Berkhamsted, Hertfordshire, England.
Nordenskjöld Glacier
Nordenskjöld Glacier is a large glacier in South Georgia.

The glacier flows north and has its terminus at the head of Cumberland East Bay, on the north coast of the island. It was charted by the Swedish Antarctic Expedition and named after Otto Nordenskjöld, leader of the expedition. Sheridan Peak sits near the glacier's head.

Sheridan Peak
Sheridan Peak is a peak rising to 955 m near the head of Nordenskjold Glacier, South Georgia. During the British South Georgia Expedition, 1954–55, the feature was called "Thin Ridge." It was named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1988 after Maj. James G. Sheridan, Royal Marines, who accepted the surrender of the Argentine garrison at King Edward Point, April 25, 1982.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Sheridan Peak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
Lozen Nunatak
Lozen Nunatak (Bulgarian: Лозенски нунатак, romanized: Lozenski nunatak, IPA: [ˈɫɔzɛnski ˈnunɐtɐk]) is a 440m hill in upper Huron Glacier, Livingston Island.  It is part of a minor ridge in the north foothills of Tangra Mountains including also Erma Knoll and Aheloy Nunatak, and linked to Zograf Peak by Lozen Saddle.  The hill was first visited on 17 December 2004 by the Bulgarian Lyubomir Ivanov from Camp Academia.  It is named after the Lozen Monastery of St. Spas (Holy Saviour) in western Bulgaria.

Zograf Peak
Zograf Peak (Greek: κορυφή Ζωγράφου, romanized: koryfi Zografou, Bulgarian: връх Зограф, romanized: vrah Zograf, IPA: [ˈvrɤɣ zoˈɡraf]) rises to 1,010 m (3,310 ft) at the northeast extremity of Friesland Ridge in Tangra Mountains, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  The peak is heavily glaciated and crevassed, with precipitous and partly ice-free northern slopes. The peak surmounts Huron Glacier to the north and Shipka Valley to the east, and is accessible via the saddle of elevation 975 m linking it to the north rib of Lyaskovets Peak.  The peak is linked to the northeast by Lozen Saddle to Lozen Nunatak, Erma Knoll and Aheloy Nunatak.

The peak is named after the Bulgarian Zograf Monastery on Mount Athos.

First ascent by Lyubomir Ivanov from Camp Academia on 31 December 2004.
Jack Coombs Field
Jack Coombs Field is a baseball stadium in Durham, North Carolina, USA. It is the home field of the Duke Blue Devils baseball team.

The stadium holds 2,000 people. Built in 1931, it was named in 1951 for former Duke baseball coach Jack Coombs. The field itself was first used in 1931. The stonework on the grandstand exterior suggests the Neo-Gothic architectural design used with most of the West Campus buildings.

The ballpark stands in the western portion of the athletic complex on Duke's West Campus. It is bounded by Science Drive (northwest, left and center fields); Whitford Drive (southwest - left field, third base, and home plate); Krzyzewski Center (east, first base); and a service road (northeast, center and right fields).

Jack Coombs
John Wesley Coombs (November 18, 1882 – April 15, 1957), nicknamed "Colby Jack" after his alma mater, was an American professional baseball player. He played in Major League Baseball as a pitcher for the Philadelphia Athletics (1906–14), Brooklyn Robins (1915–18), and Detroit Tigers (1920). In 1910, Coombs won 31 games during the regular season and three games in the World Series to lead the Athletics to the championship. A two-way player, he also occasionally played as an outfielder.
Mark Montgomery (baseball)
Mark Montgomery (born August 30, 1990) is an American minor league baseball pitcher who is a free agent.

A native of Williamsburg, Virginia, Montgomery attended Bruton High School, and was drafted by the Yankees out of Longwood University in the 11th round of the 2011 MLB draft. He won the Yankees' Kevin Lawn Award for 2012.

Bruton High School
Bruton High School is a high school located north of Williamsburg in the unincorporated community of Lightfoot in York County, Virginia.

The school opened in 1976. It is part of the York County School Division, serving upper county citizens in Williamsburg. Athletic teams compete in the Virginia High School League's AA Bay Rivers District in Region I. Bruton houses the York County School of the Arts, the county's fine arts magnet program.
Diocese of Ratzeburg
The Diocese of Ratzeburg (German: Bistum Ratzeburg, Latin: Dioecesis Ratzeburgensis) is a former diocese of the Catholic Church. It was erected from the Diocese of Oldenburg c. 1050 and was suppressed in 1554. The diocese was originally a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Hamburg; in 1072 it became a suffragan of the merged entity — the "Archdiocese of Hamburg and the Diocese of Bremen". The territory of the diocese was located in what is today the states of Schleswig-Holstein (the district of Herzogtum Lauenburg) and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (the district of Nordwestmecklenburg) in Germany. The cathedral church of the diocese — dedicated to Ss. Mary and John — is still extant in the city of Ratzeburg. Following its suppression as part of the Protestant Reformation, the remaining Catholic adherents were only represented by the Apostolic Vicariate of Northern Germany. The whole territory of the diocese is today included in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hamburg.

Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen
The Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen (German: Fürsterzbistum Bremen) was an ecclesiastical principality (787–1566/1648) of the Holy Roman Empire and the Catholic Church that after its definitive secularization in 1648 became the hereditary Duchy of Bremen (German: Herzogtum Bremen). The prince-archbishopric, which was under the secular rule of the archbishop, consisted of about a third of the diocesan territory. The city of Bremen was de facto (since 1186) and de jure (since 1646) not part of the prince-archbishopric. Most of the prince-archbishopric lay rather in the area to the north of the city of Bremen, between the Weser and Elbe rivers. Even more confusingly, parts of the prince-archbishopric belonged in religious respect to the neighbouring Diocese of Verden, making up 10% of its diocesan territory.
2012 Super GT Series
The 2012 Autobacs Super GT Series was the twentieth season of the Japan Automobile Federation Super GT Championship including the All Japan Grand Touring Car Championship (JGTC) era and the eighth season as the Super GT series. It also marked the thirtieth season of a JAF-sanctioned sports car racing championship dating back to the All Japan Sports Prototype Championship. The season began on April 1 and ended on November 18, 2012, after eight championship races and a non-championship race.

Masataka Yanagida and Ronnie Quintarelli of Nissan works team MOLA won their second consecutive GT500 Drivers' and Teams' Championships, and became only the second team and driver combination to win the GT500 championship before the final round of the season. Team Taisan Endless and drivers Kyosuke Mineo and Naoki Yokomizo won the GT300 championships in their new Porsche 911 GT3-R, giving Team Taisan their final Super GT championship.

Ronnie Quintarelli
Ronnie Quintarelli (born 9 August 1979) is an Italian racecar driver competing in Super GT from 2005 through 2024. A four-time champion, he jointly holds the all-time record for the most drivers' championship titles won in the GT500 class of Super GT (shared with Sho Tsuboi).