hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Le pont des soupirs
Le pont des soupirs  ("The Bridge of Sighs") is an opéra bouffe (or operetta) set in Venice, by Jacques Offenbach, first performed in Paris in 1861.  The French libretto was written by Hector Crémieux and Ludovic Halévy. Plays, including melodramas, set in Venice were quite common in Paris in the early 19th century; the libretto, by the successful team from Orphée aux enfers, also nods towards the operas La reine de Chypre (1841) and Haydée (1847). Gänzl describes the piece as being in Offenbach's "best bouffe manner", noting a "long list of sparkling and funny musical pieces": the multiple serenade beneath Catarina's balcony, the tale of the loss of the Venetian fleet, the parody of an operatic mad scene for Catarina, and a farcical "quatuor des poignards". Offenbach would return to Venice in the Giulietta act of his final work Les Contes d'Hoffmann.

Hector-Jonathan Crémieux
Hector-Jonathan Crémieux (10 November 1828 – 30 September 1893) was a French librettist and playwright. His best-known work is his collaboration with Ludovic Halévy for Jacques Offenbach's Orphée aux Enfers, known in English as Orpheus in the Underworld.

In 1887, Crémieux became the secretary-general of the bank Société des Dépôts et Comptes Courants, and ceased writing.  In April 1891, the bank collapsed and it was subsequently absorbed in 1892 by the Comptoir national d'escompte de Paris. In 1893, 
Crémieux committed suicide by gunshot.: 7
Société mathématique de France
The Société Mathématique de France (SMF) is the main professional society of French mathematicians.

The society was founded in 1872 by Émile Lemoine and is one of the oldest mathematical societies in existence. It publishes several academic journals: Annales Scientifiques de l'École Normale Supérieure, Astérisque, Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France, Gazette de la Société mathématique de France, Mémoires de la Société Mathématique de France, Panoramas et Synthèses, and Revue d'histoire des mathématiques.

Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France
Bulletin de la Société Mathématique de France is a mathematics journal published quarterly by Société Mathématique de France.
Founded in 1873, the journal publishes articles on mathematics.
It publishes articles in French and English. The journal is indexed by Mathematical Reviews and Zentralblatt MATH.
Its 2009 MCQ was 0.58, and its 2009 impact factor was 0.400.
2002 Cameroonian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Cameroon on 30 June 2002. The result was a victory for the ruling Cameroon People's Democratic Movement, which won 149 of the 180 seats. In 17 constituencies the result was cancelled by the Supreme Court due to irregularities and the election re-run on 15 September.

Cameroon People's Democratic Movement
The Cameroon People's Democratic Movement (CPDM; French: Rassemblement démocratique du Peuple Camerounais, RDPC) is the ruling  political party in Cameroon. Previously known as the Cameroonian National Union, which had dominated Cameroon politics since independence in the 1960s, it was renamed in 1985. The national president of the CPDM is Paul Biya, the president of Cameroon, while the secretary-general of the party's Central Committee is Jean Nkuete.
Ottawa City Hall
The current Ottawa City Hall (French: Hôtel de ville d'Ottawa) is the city hall of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The downtown complex consists of two connected buildings: a modern wing located on Laurier Avenue and a 19th-century heritage wing located on Elgin Street. Although City Hall has frontage on two major streets, the main entrance is on Laurier Avenue, and the municipal address is 110 Laurier Avenue West.

Laurier Avenue
Laurier Avenue (French: Avenue Laurier; Ottawa Road #48) is a central east west street running through Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.  Originally known as "Maria Street" (west of Waller) and "Theodore Street" (east of Waller), it was renamed in honour of Canadian Prime Minister Sir Wilfrid Laurier.  Laurier House, the residence of Prime Ministers Laurier and William Lyon Mackenzie King, is located at the corner of Laurier Avenue East and Chapel Street.
Fillies' Revue
The Fillies' Revue (Japanese フィリーズレビュー) is a Grade 2 flat horse race in Japan for three-year-old Thoroughbred fillies run over a distance of 1,400 metres at Hanshin Racecourse, Takarazuka, Hyogo. The race is run in March and serves as a major trial race for the Oka Sho. The top three horses in the race earn the right to race at Oka Sho

It was first run in 1967. The race was run at Tokyo Racecourse in 1972. Among the winners of the race have been Meisho Mambo and the Oka Sho winners Hide Kotobuki, Tesco Gaby, Brocade, Mejiro Ramona, Kyoei March, Rhein Kraft.

Meisho Mambo
Meisho Mambo (Japanese: メイショウマンボ, 25 February 2010 – 25 April 2025) was a Japanese Thoroughbred racehorse who won the second and third legs of the Japanese Fillies' Triple Crown in 2013. She showed some promise as a juvenile in 2012 when winning on her debut. In the following spring she won the Grade II Fillies' Revue and rebounded from a poor run in the Oka Sho to win the Grade I Yushun Himba. She returned in the autumn to win the Shuka Sho before defeating older fillies and mares in the Queen Elizabeth II Commemorative Cup. She won the JRA Award for Best Three-Year-Old Filly of 2013. She stayed in training for three more seasons but failed to win again.
Raffaello Gestro
Raffaello Gestro (21 March 1845, Genoa – 6 June 1936, Genoa) was an Italian entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. Gestro was the Director of the Natural History Museum of Giacomo Doria Genoa where his collection is conserved. He was a Member and President of the Italian Entomological Society.

Società Entomologica Italiana
La Società Entomologica Italiana, the Italian Entomological Society, is Italy's foremost society devoted to the study of insects. The society promotes applied entomology. Its past members have saved millions from deadly diseases such as malaria.

The society has two academic publications: Bollettino della Società Entomologica Italiana (1869-) and Memorie della Società Entomologica Italiana (1922-).
Lower Mill (Honeoye Falls, New York)
Lower Mill is a historic grist mill located at Honeoye Falls in Monroe County, New York, USA. The 3- to 4+1⁄2-story stone structure was built about 1829.  The mill operated into the 1930s, and the structure was subsequently used by a creamery, oil company, and for community use. A restaurant and gallery now operates in the structure.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Honeoye Falls, New York
Honeoye Falls (/ˈhʌniɔɪ/ HUN-ee-oy) is a village within the town of Mendon in Monroe County, New York, United States. The population was 2,706 at the 2020 census. The village is sited next to a small waterfall on Honeoye Creek, which gives the village its name. The name "Honeoye" comes from the Seneca word ha-ne-a-yah, which means "lying finger", or "where the finger lies". The name comes from the local story of a Native American whose finger was bitten by a rattlesnake and who therefore cut off his finger with a tomahawk.
Battle of Mimasetoge
The battle of Mimasetōge (三増峠の戦い) was the Hōjō's attack on the Takeda army, which took place at Mimase Pass in 1569, as the forces of Takeda Shingen withdrew after repeated failed sieges of the Hōjō clan's Odawara Castle in Kanagawa Prefecture of Japan.

The Hōjō forces, led by the brothers Ujiteru and Ujikuni, lay in wait for Takeda Shingen in the pass of Mimase. The Takeda vanguard, which included Baba Nobuharu, was hard-pressed. Shingen himself led the Takeda main body.

The battle turned in favor of the Takeda when Yamagata Masakage launched a furious counterattack, inflicting heavy casualties on the Hōjō and forced the Hōjō army to retreat north, allowing the Takeda return to Kai — leaving behind some 900 dead.

Hōjō Ujikuni
Hōjō Ujikuni (北条 氏邦; 1541 – September 19, 1597) was a samurai of the Sengoku period, and the third son of Hōjō Ujiyasu. Ujikuni was a high-ranking commander in the invasion of Kozuke Province, Kōzuke was contested between the later Hōjō clan, the Takeda and the Uesugi clans.

He was also the castellan (castle lord) in command of Hachigata Castle in Musashi province, which came under siege twice in 1568 by Takeda Shingen and 1590 by Toyotomi Hideyoshi.

In 1569, along with Hojo Ujiteru, failed to stop Takeda Shingen's retreat in the Battle of Mimasetoge.

Following the sudden death of Oda Nobunaga in 1582, He and Hojo Ujinao took the advantage of the situation to launch a certain attack at Kanagawa.

When Siege of Odawara began, he was defending Hachigata Castle but surrounded by Toyotomi's large army、then he decided to surrender. Later he became a vassal of Maeda Toshiie.
Sealdah–Ranaghat–Gede line
The Sealdah–Ranaghat–Gede line connects the Sealdah Main and North terminus of Kolkata and Gede of Nadia district of West Bengal, India, with Naihati and Ranaghat serving as major junction points. Once a part of the old Calcutta–Siliguri main line, today it is a busy suburban section of the Kolkata Suburban Railway's Sealdah North section connecting the North 24 Parganas and Nadia districts with Kolkata. It is under the jurisdiction of the Sealdah railway division of the Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways.

The Naihati Jn –Bandel Jn branch line connects this line with the Howrah–Bardhaman main line and Bandel–Katwa line through the Sampreeti Bridge, and previously the Jubilee Bridge, over the Hooghly river. The Kalyani–Kalyani Simanta branch line caters to the Kalyani town and industrial area of the Nadia district.

Kalyani, West Bengal
Kalyani is a city and a municipality & BDO in the Nadia district of the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the headquarters of Kalyani subdivision and part of the Presidency division. Kalyani is a part of the area covered by the Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA).
Louis dressing
Louis dressing is a salad dressing based on mayonnaise, to which red chili sauce, minced green onions, and minced green chili peppers have been added.  It is commonly used as a dressing for salads featuring seafood, such as a crab (Crab Louis) or shrimp (Shrimp Louis).

Crab Louie
Crab Louie salad, also known as Crab Louis salad or the King of Salads, is a type of salad featuring crab meat. The recipe dates back to the early 1900s and originates on the West Coast of the United States.
Treaties of Buffalo Creek
The Treaties of Buffalo Creek are a series of treaties, named for the Buffalo River in New York, between the United States and Native American peoples:

These include the following:

First Treaty of Buffalo Creek (1788)

Second Treaty of Buffalo Creek (1838)

Third Treaty of Buffalo Creek (1842)

Fourth Treaty of Buffalo Creek (1857)

Buffalo River (New York)
The Buffalo River drains a 447-square-mile (1,160 km2) watershed in Western New York state, emptying into the eastern end of Lake Erie at the City of Buffalo. The river has three tributaries: Cayuga Creek, Buffalo Creek, and Cazenovia Creek.

The Buffalo River has been important to the development of western New York, including as the terminus for the Erie Canal beginning in 1825, and later as an industrial area with uses including grain elevators, steel mills and chemical production. When shipping began to bypass the Erie Canal in the 1950s, and later heavy industry declined, the transportation and industrial uses of the river were greatly reduced. Many adjacent factories and grain mills were abandoned. The river and adjacent sites have been the focus of efforts over several decades to improve water quality and restore habitat, most recently in 2011 with the commencement of the Buffalo River Restoration Project.
Indigenous land rights in Australia
In Australia, Indigenous land rights or Aboriginal land rights are the rights and interests in land of Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islander people; the term may also include the struggle for those rights. Connection to the land and waters is vital in Australian Aboriginal culture and to that of Torres Strait Islander people, and there has been a long battle to gain legal and moral recognition of ownership of the lands and waters occupied by the many peoples prior to colonisation of Australia starting in 1788, and the annexation of the Torres Strait Islands by the colony of Queensland in the 1870s.

As of 2020, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ rights and interests in land are formally recognised over around 40 per cent of Australia’s land mass, and sea rights have also been asserted in various native title cases.

Aboriginal land trust
In Australia, an Aboriginal land trust (ALT) is a type of non-profit organisation that holds the freehold title to an area of land on behalf of a community of Aboriginal Australians. The land has been legally granted to a community by the government under a perpetual lease, usually after the community makes a formal claim of traditional ownership. Land granted under Aboriginal title is inalienable; it can not be bought, sold, traded or given away. The land trust is the organisation appointed by the community to legally hold the title deeds. The land trusts are administered by Aboriginal land councils.
James Deetz
James Deetz (February 8, 1930 – November 25, 2000) was an American anthropologist, often known as one of the fathers of historical archaeology. His work focused on culture change and the cultural aspects inherent in the historic and archaeological record, and was concerned primarily with the Massachusetts and Virginia colonies. James Deetz was interested in obtaining valuable information that could be used to better understand the lives of early North American colonists, natives, and African Americans. He investigated a variety of material culture related to these groups to better comprehend their social behavior.

In 1997 Deetz received the J. C. Harrington Award, presented by the Society for Historical Archaeology for his life-time contributions to archaeology centered on scholarship.

J. C. Harrington Award
The J. C. Harrington Award was established in 1981 (1981) by the Society for Historical Archaeology and is named in honor of J. C. Harrington (1901–1998), a pioneer founder of historical archaeology in North America. The award is presented for a "life-time of contributions to the discipline centered on scholarship". The award is an inscribed medal.  No more than one Harrington Award is presented each year.
First Athenian School
The term First Athenian School (Greek: Α΄ Αθηναϊκή Σχολή) denotes the literary production in Athens between 1830 and 1880. After Greek Independence, the basic intellectual centres of the Greek world were the Ionian Islands (with the Heptanese School) and Athens, the capital of the new Greek Kingdom. Many of the leading members of the First Athenian School were of Phanariote origin, whence it is sometimes referred to as the Phanariotic School (Φαναριωτική Σχολή).

The main element of the school was Romanticism. The New Athenian School developed as a reaction against the First Athenian School from the 1880s on.

New Athenian School
The term New Athenian School (Greek: Νέα Αθηναϊκή Σχολή), also known as the 1880s Generation (Γενιά του 1880) or the Palamian School (Παλαμική Σχολή) after its leading member Kostis Palamas, denotes the literary production in Athens after 1880. It was a reaction against the First Athenian School and its main aim was the use of Demotic Greek instead of Katharevousa.

The influence of Palamas led many Greek writers who were using the Katharevousa, like Aristomenis Provelengios and Jean Moréas, to abandon it and adopt the Demotic.
Ion Nistor
Ion I. Nistor (August 16, 1876 – November 11, 1962) was a Romanian historian and politician. He was a titular member of the Romanian Academy from 1915 and a professor at the universities of Cernăuți and Bucharest, while also serving as Minister of State for Bukovina, Minister of Public Works, Minister of Labor, and Minister of Religious Affairs and the Arts with a number of governments from 1918 to 1940.

Vicovu de Sus
Vicovu de Sus (Romanian pronunciation: [ˌvikovu de ˈsus]; German: Ober-Wikow or Oberwikow) is a town in northern Suceava County, on the border with Ukraine. It is situated in the historical region of Bukovina.
El Presidente (TV series)
El Presidente (stylized as EL PRE$IDENTE) is a Chilean drama television series created by Armando Bó. It is based on the 2015 FIFA corruption case and is focused in the former president of ANFP Sergio Jadue, played by Colombian actor Andrés Parra. The first 8-episode season was released on June 5, 2020, on the streaming service Amazon Prime Video. An English dub of the series was released on November 6, 2020.

The second 8-episode season, marketed with the subtitle Jogo da Corrupção (The Corruption Game in English), was released on November 4, 2022.

Armando Bó (screenwriter)
Armando Bó II (born 9 December 1978) is an Argentine screenwriter and film director. He won the Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay for the 2014 film Birdman at the 87th Academy Awards in 2015, together with director Alejandro G. Iñárritu, Alexander Dinelaris Jr., and Bo's cousin Nicolás Giacobone. He also directed the Qualcomm-distributed short film Lifeline in 2016, which was also a Best of Branded Entertainment winner at the 2017 One Show Awards.

His father is the actor Víctor Bó and his mother is Chia Sly. His paternal grandfather was film director Armando Bó.
Ptaeroxylaceae
Ptaeroxylaceae Juss. are a small family of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes, most of them from Madagascar, comprising only two genera. Such a family was not recognized by the APG II system of classification (2003), which noted that it was a synonym of Rutaceae. The APG III system of 2009, an updated version of the last system, did not mention the family. All species within this family are included within Rutaceae.

The family Ptaeroxylaceae was recognized by the Thorne system (1992), Dahlgren system, and Reveal system and placed in the Rutales.

Genus: Cedrelopsis  Baill.

Species:

Genus: Ptaeroxylon Ecklon & Zeyher, 1834

Ptaeroxylon obliquum (Thunb.) Radlk. (Ptaeroxylon utile)

Dahlgren system
One of the modern systems of plant taxonomy, the Dahlgren system was published by monocot specialist Rolf Dahlgren in 1975 and revised in 1977, and  1980. However, he is best known for his two treatises on monocotyledons in 1982  and revised in 1985. His wife Gertrud Dahlgren continued the work after his death.

Dahlgren ranked the dicotyledons and monocotyledons as subclasses of the class of flowering plants (angiosperms) and further divided them into superorders. Originally (1975) he used the suffix -anae, as did Cronquist, to designate these, but in 1980 changed this to -florae in accordance with Thorne. In the 1989 revision, published by his wife, the alternate names Magnoliidae and Liliidae were dropped in favour of Dicotyledon and Monocotyledon, and  the suffix -florae reverted to -anae (e.g. Alismatanae for Alismatiflorae).

Reveal provides an extensive listing of Dahlgren's classification. (Note the synonyms, both nomenclatural and taxonomic, for each name in the system.)
Black Widow (1954 film)
Black Widow is a 1954 American DeLuxe Color mystery film in CinemaScope, with elements of film noir, written, produced, and directed by Nunnally Johnson, based on the 1952 novel of the same name by Patrick Quentin. The film stars Ginger Rogers, Van Heflin, Gene Tierney, and George Raft.

Van Heflin
Emmett Evan "Van" Heflin Jr. (December 13, 1908 – July 23, 1971) was an American theatre, radio, and film actor. He played mostly character parts over the course of his film career, but during the 1940s had a string of roles as a leading man. Heflin won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in Johnny Eager (1942). He also had starring roles in the westerns Shane (1953), 3:10 to Yuma (1957), and Gunman's Walk (1958). He portrayed a mentally disturbed airline passenger in the classic disaster film Airport (1970).
Thoracentesis
Thoracentesis /ˌθɔːrəsɪnˈtiːsɪs/, also known as thoracocentesis (from Greek  θώραξ (thōrax, GEN thōrakos) 'chest, thorax' and  κέντησις (kentēsis) 'pricking, puncture'), pleural tap, needle thoracostomy, or needle decompression (often used term), is an invasive medical procedure to remove fluid or air from the pleural space for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes. A cannula, or hollow needle, is carefully introduced into the thorax, generally after administration of local anesthesia. The procedure was first performed by Morrill Wyman in 1850 and then described by Henry Ingersoll Bowditch in 1852.

The recommended location varies depending upon the source. Some sources recommend the midaxillary line, in the eighth, ninth, or tenth intercostal space. Whenever possible, the procedure should be performed under ultrasound guidance, which has shown to reduce complications.

Morrill Wyman
Morrill Wyman (July 25, 1812 in Chelmsford, Massachusetts – January 30, 1903 in Cambridge, Massachusetts) was an American physician and social reformer. Best known today for his work on hay fever, he was one of the most respected doctors of his time, a social reformer, Harvard overseer, hospital president, and author in his long lifetime.
Pomology
Pomology (from Latin pomum, "fruit", + -logy, "study") is a branch of botany that studies fruits and their cultivation. Someone who researches and practices the science of pomology is called a pomologist.

Pomological research is mainly focused on the development, enhancement, cultivation, and physiological studies of fruit trees. The goals of fruit tree improvement include enhancement of fruit quality, regulation of production periods, and reduction of production costs.

The term fruticulture (from Latin fructus, "fruit", + cultura, "care") is also used to describe the agricultural practice of growing fruits in orchards. It is applied horticulture of growing, managing, and producing fruit crops.

It focuses on:

Orchard establishment and layout

Pruning, training, and canopy management

Irrigation and fertilization

Pest and disease control

Harvesting and orchard management practices

Pear
Pears are fruits produced and consumed around the world, growing on a tree and are harvested in late summer into mid-autumn. The pear tree and shrub are a species of genus Pyrus /ˈpaɪrəs/, in the family Rosaceae, bearing the pomaceous fruit of the same name. Several species of pears are valued for their edible fruit and juices, while others are cultivated as trees.

The tree is medium-sized and native to coastal and mildly temperate regions of Europe, North Africa, and Asia. Pear wood is one of the preferred materials in the manufacture of high-quality woodwind instruments and furniture.

About 3,000 known varieties of pears are grown worldwide, which vary in both shape and taste. The fruit is consumed fresh, canned, as juice, dried, or fermented as perry.