hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shipka Pass
Shipka Pass (Bulgarian: Шипченски проход, Shipchenski prohod) (el. 1150 m./3820 ft.) is a scenic mountain pass through the Balkan Mountains in Bulgaria. It marks the border between Stara Zagora province and Gabrovo province.  The pass connects the towns of Gabrovo and Kazanlak. The pass is part of the Bulgarka Nature Park.

The pass is 13 km by road north of the small town of Shipka.  It is crossed by a national road I-5, which runs between the Danube on the Ruse border crossing with Romania in north and the Makaza border crossing with Greece.

A road also leads from the pass to the summit of Buzludzha, 12 km to the east.

Kazanlak
Kazanlak (Bulgarian: Казанлък [kɐzɐnˈɫɤk] is a town in Stara Zagora Province, Bulgaria. It is located in the middle of the Kazanlak Valley, at the foot of the Balkan Mountains, which forms the eastern part of the Rose Valley. It is the administrative centre of the homonymous Kazanlak Municipality. The ancient Thracian city of Seuthopolis was situated near the town.

The town is among the 15 biggest industrial centres in Bulgaria, with a population of 44,760 people as of Dec 2017.

It is the center of rose oil extraction in Bulgaria and the oil-producing rose of Kazanlak is one of the most widely recognizable national symbols.
Entity realism
Entity realism (also known as experimental realism and sometimes equated with referential realism) is a philosophical position within the debate about scientific realism. It is a variation of realism (originally proposed by Stanford School philosophers Nancy Cartwright and Ian Hacking in 1983) that restricts warranted belief to only certain entities.

Stanford School
The Stanford School (humorously also called the Stanford Disunity Mafia) is a group of philosophers of science, the members of which taught at various times at Stanford University, who share an intellectual tradition of arguing against the unity of science.

These criticisms draw heavily from research on science as a social and cultural process as well as arguments regarding ontological and methodological plurality found in different scientific fields. This group includes Nancy Cartwright, John Dupré, Peter Galison, Ian Hacking and Patrick Suppes. A notable position put forward by members of the Stanford School is entity realism.

A major conference with all the original members (except Hacking) plus original scientific collaborators, parallel philosophers, and the next generation of philosophers in this vein took place on Stanford's Campus on October 25–26, 2013. An anthology of this conference is being prepared, and will also include contributors not present at the conference.
National Library of India
The National Library of India is a library located in the Belvedere Estate, Alipore, Kolkata, India. It is India's largest library by volume and public record. The National Library is under Ministry of Culture, Government of India. The library is designated to collect, disseminate and preserve printed material produced within India. With a collection in excess of 2.5 million books and records, it is the largest in the country.

Ministry of Culture (India)
The Ministry of Culture is the Indian government ministry charged with preservation and promotion of art and culture of India.

Gajendra Singh Shekhawat is the current Minister of Culture. Recently the government has established the National Mission on Libraries India under this ministry.
Kasador
Kasador is a Canadian indie rock band originating from Kingston, Ontario. The four-piece band was formed in 2012, and was known as the Will Hunter Band until changing the group's name in early 2015.  Members as of January 2024 are Cam Wyatt, Thomas Draper, Boris Baker, and Stephen Adubofuor.

Rob Baker (guitarist)
Rob Baker CM (born April 12, 1962) is a Canadian guitarist, best known as the lead guitarist for the Canadian rock band The Tragically Hip. He has also released an album with the side project Stripper's Union in 2005.
Schönebeck (Verwaltungsgemeinschaft)
Schönebeck (Elbe) is a former Verwaltungsgemeinschaft ("collective municipality") in the Salzlandkreis district, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft was in Schönebeck. It was disbanded in January 2009.

The Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Schönebeck (Elbe) consisted of the following municipalities:

Plötzky

Pretzien

Ranies

Schönebeck

52°01′01″N 11°45′00″E﻿ / ﻿52.017°N 11.750°E﻿ / 52.017; 11.750

Schönebeck
Schönebeck (German: [ˈʃøːnəbɛk] ⓘ), officially Schönebeck (Elbe), is a town in the district of Salzlandkreis, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated on the left bank of the Elbe, approx. 14 kilometres (9 miles) southeast of Magdeburg.

For much of the twentieth century it was noted for its large salt mine.

The manor house of Schönebeck was owned by Count Heinrich von Blumenthal, Mayor of Magdeburg, until 1810.

The firm of Sellier & Bellot opened a munitions factory there in the 1829.
Berkley (fishing)
Berkley is a fishing tackle brand that was founded in Spirit Lake, Iowa, in 1937 by Berkley Bedell as the Berkley Fly Co. when he was only 16 years old. Today, it is part of Pure Fishing, a subsidiary of Sycamore Partners, which owns and manages the Berkley brand.

Spirit Lake, Iowa
Spirit Lake is a city in Dickinson County, Iowa, United States. The population was 5,439 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Dickinson County.

The town is located along the western shore of East Okoboji Lake, in the Iowa Great Lakes region.
Cewice
Cewice [t͡sɛˈvit͡sɛ] (German: Zewitz) is a village in Lębork County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Cewice. It is located within the ethnocultural region of Kashubia in the historic region of Pomerania.

During the German occupation of Poland (World War II), in 1939, the Germans murdered Polish priest, activist and founder of the Polska Żyje Polish resistance organisation, Edmund Roszczynialski, in the village.

Lębork County
Lębork County (Kashubian: Lãbòrsczi kréz, Polish: powiat lęborski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Lębork, which lies 61 kilometres (38 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk. The only other town in the county is Łeba, lying 29 km (18 mi) north-west of Lębork.

The county covers an area of 706.99 square kilometres (273.0 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 66,196, out of which the population of Lębork is 35,333, that of Łeba is 3,644, and the rural population is 27,219.

Lębork County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Lębork County is bordered by Wejherowo County to the east, Kartuzy County to the south-east, Bytów County to the south and Słupsk County to the west. It also borders the Baltic Sea to the north.
Man'ha Garreau-Dombasle
Man'ha Garreau-Dombasle, born Germaine Massenet (June 11, 1898 – August 4, 1999) was a writer, poet, and translator. Among others, she translated her friend Ray Bradbury's 1953 novel Fahrenheit 451 into French. He later dedicated his 1972 novel, The Halloween Tree, to her: "With love for Madame Man'ha Garreau-Dombasle met twenty-seven years ago in the graveyard at midnight on the Island of Janitzio at Lake Pátzcuaro, Mexico, and remembered on each anniversary of the Day of the Dead."

Born in Calais, June 11, 1898, Garreau-Dombasle was the grandmother of French-American singer, actress and director Arielle Dombasle. Garreau-Dombasle died in Deauville, August 4, 1999.

The Halloween Tree
The Halloween Tree is a 1972 fantasy novel by American author Ray Bradbury, which traces the history of Samhain and Halloween. The novel was adapted as a 1993 film, and an annual Halloween Tree has been exhibited at Disneyland in California since 2007.
Afon Tarell
The Afon Tarell is a river in Powys, Wales, which rises to the west of the Brecon Beacons in Brecon Beacons National Park and flows north, then north-east, for 12 miles (20 km) into the River Usk.

The river is followed for its entire length through Glyn Tarell (the Tarell valley) by the A470 road, passing by the hamlets of Libanus and Tai'r Bull and entering the Usk at Llanfaes on the southern edge of Brecon.

The most significant tributary of the river is Nant Cwm Llwch, which enters the Tarell on its right bank between Tai'r Bull and Llanfaes. This secondary river emerges from the glacial lake of Llyn Cwm Llwch beneath Pen y Fan.

The name may have its origins in the old Welsh language words tarddu, "to bubble out", and tarddell, "a spring or source".

The Afon Tarell, in common with the Usk and its other tributaries, is designated as a special area of conservation for its three species of lamprey, twaite shad, European bullhead, Atlantic salmon and otter.

Glyn Tarell
Glyn Tarell is a valley and a community in the county of Powys, Wales, and the historic county of Brecknockshire. It is in the Brecon Beacons National Park and at the northern edge of the Brecon Beacons mountains.
Klondike, Dawson County, Texas
Klondike (formerly Klondyke) is an unincorporated inhabited place in Dawson County, Texas, United States. It is located about 15 mi south of Lamesa, the county seat, at an elevation of 2884 ft (879 m) above sea level.

Dawson County, Texas
Dawson County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 12,456. The county seat is Lamesa. The county was created in 1876 and later organized in 1905. It is named for Nicholas Mosby Dawson, a soldier of the Texas Revolution. Dawson County comprises the Lamesa, Texas micropolitan statistical area (μSA), and by population is the smallest μSA in the United States.
Lake Casitas
Lake Casitas is a reservoir in Ventura County, California, built by the United States Bureau of Reclamation and completed in 1959. The project provides drinking water and water for irrigation. A secondary benefit is flood control. It was the venue for canoeing and rowing at the 1984 Summer Olympics.

Casitas Dam was constructed on Coyote Creek, two miles (3 km) before it joins the Ventura River. Santa Ana Creek and North Fork Coyote Creek also flow into the lake. The system was designed for water from the Ventura River to be diverted into a canal under specific conditions since the impounded watershed is not sufficient to fill the lake. The dam is 279 ft (85 m) creating a lake capacity of 254,000 acre⋅ft (313,000,000 m3). The dam was built as part of the Ventura River Project.

Coyote Creek (Ventura County)
Coyote Creek is a stream in Ventura County, California, United States, which feeds Lake Casitas. It is a major tributary of the Ventura River.

34°21′15″N 119°18′38″W﻿ / ﻿34.354165°N 119.310669°W﻿ / 34.354165; -119.310669
We Fall
We Fall is the debut studio album by American music producer Emile Haynie, released on February 24, 2015, by Interscope Records. The album features guest appearances from Andrew Wyatt, Brian Wilson, Rufus Wainwright, Lana Del Rey, Charlotte Gainsbourg, Sampha, Dev Hynes, Nate Ruess, Colin Blunstone, Lykke Li, Romy Madley Croft, Randy Newman, Father John Misty, Thomas Bartlett a.k.a. Doveman and Julia Holter.

Emile Haynie
Emile Haynie (born July 13, 1980), often credited simply as Emile, is an American record producer. Born and raised in Buffalo, New York, his range of production includes alternative rock, hip hop, indie and pop music. Haynie has worked with several prominent artists in the music industry including Kanye West, Kid Cudi, Eminem, Lana Del Rey, Bruno Mars, Linkin Park, FKA Twigs, Florence Welch and Camila Cabello, The Neighbourhood among others. Additionally, Haynie received two Grammy Awards for his work with English singer Adele, namely Album of the Year for the diamond certified 25 as well as Record of the Year for "Hello".
PriPara
PriPara (プリパラ, PuriPara; short for Prism Paradise) is a Japanese arcade video game by Takara Tomy and the successor of the Pretty Rhythm series of arcade video games, as well as the second entry in the Pretty Series. An anime television series adaptation by Tatsunoko Production and DongWoo A&E, comprising three seasons, aired from July 5, 2014, to March 28, 2017. A second animation adaption, Idol Time PriPara, premiered on April 4, 2017. A mobile game, Idol Land PriPara, was released on August 17, 2023, along with a web series. There were also four animated films produced.

Dong Woo Animation
DongWoo Animation Co. Ltd, also known as DongWoo A&E Co. Ltd (Korean: 동우에이엔이), is an animation studio located in Seoul, South Korea. It has produced many animated series and films created and produced in the United States, Canada, South Korea and Japan. The current CEO of the studio is Kim Young-doo.
Djibrosso
Djibrosso (also spelled Djiboroso) is a town in north-western Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture and commune of Kani Department in Worodougou Region, Woroba District.
In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Djibrosso was 11,859.

Kani Department
Kani Department is a department of Worodougou Region in Woroba District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 131,428, and its seat was the settlement of Kani. The department’s sub-prefectures are Djibrosso, Fadiadougou, Kani, and Morondo.
Whistle (novel)
Whistle (1978), a novel by James Jones, tells the story of four wounded South Pacific veterans brought back by hospital ship to the United States during World War II. Much of the story takes place in a veterans hospital in the fictional city of Luxor, Tennessee (based on the city of Memphis).

Whistle forms the third part of a war trilogy, after From Here to Eternity (1951) and The Thin Red Line (1962). Jones presented the characters of Mart Winch, Bobby Prell, Marion Landers, and Johnny Strange as Welsh, Witt, Fife, and Storm in The Thin Red Line.

James Jones died in 1977 before finishing the novel. The final three chapters were completed by Willie Morris based on taped conversations with the author and extensive notes he had already written. Jones expected that his novel would say, "Just about everything I have ever had to say, or will ever have to say, on the human condition of war."

James Jones (author)
James Ramon Jones (November 6, 1921 – May 9, 1977) was an American novelist renowned for his explorations of World War II and its aftermath. He won the 1952 National Book Award for his debut novel, From Here to Eternity, which was adapted for film a year later (and went on to win the Academy Award for Best Picture) and made into a television series a generation later.
Guan Yi
Guan Yi  (simplified Chinese: 管轶; traditional Chinese: 管軼; born 1962) is a Chinese virologist. In 2014, he was ranked as 11th in the world by Thomson Reuters (now known as Clarivate Analytics) among global researchers in the field of microbiology. He obtained his PhD in microbiology at the University of Hong Kong and is now a professor of microbiology at his alma mater. His research on the viral respiratory disease SARS helped the Chinese government avert the 2004 outbreak of this disease. He is the current director (China affairs) of the State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases University of Hong Kong. In early 2017, Guan warned that the H7N9 influenza virus "poses the greatest threat to humanity than any other in the past 100 years".

SARS
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a viral respiratory disease of zoonotic origin caused by the virus SARS-CoV-1, the first identified strain of the SARS-related coronavirus. The first known cases occurred in November 2002, and the syndrome caused the 2002–2004 SARS outbreak. In the 2010s, Chinese scientists traced the virus through the intermediary of Asian palm civets to cave-dwelling horseshoe bats in Xiyang Yi Ethnic Township, Yunnan.

SARS was a relatively rare disease; at the end of the epidemic in June 2003, the incidence was 8,422 cases with a case fatality rate (CFR) of 11%. No cases of SARS-CoV-1 have been reported worldwide since 2004.

In December 2019, a second strain of SARS-CoV was identified: SARS-CoV-2. This strain causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the disease behind the COVID-19 pandemic.
Greenfinch
The greenfinches are small passerine birds in the genus Chloris in the subfamily Carduelinae within the Fringillidae. The species have a Eurasian distribution except for the European greenfinch, which also occurs in North Africa.

These finches all have large conical bills and yellow patches on the wing feathers.

The greenfinches were formerly placed in the genus Carduelis. Molecular phylogenetic studies showed that the greenfinches form a monophyletic group that is not closely related to the species in Carduelis and instead is sister to a clade containing the desert finch (Rhodospiza obsoleta) and the Socotra golden-winged grosbeak (Rhynchostruthus socotranus). The greenfinches were therefore moved to the resurrected genus Chloris which had originally been introduced by the French naturalist Georges Cuvier in 1800 with the European greenfinch as the type species. The name is from Ancient Greek khloris, the European greenfinch, from khloros, "green".

Desert finch
The desert finch (Rhodospiza obsoleta), sometimes called Lichtenstein's desert finch, is a large brown true finch found in southern Eurasia. Its taxonomy is confused, and it has formerly been placed in Fringilla, Bucanetes, Carduelis and Rhodopechys.
William Irving (American politician)
William Irving (August 15, 1766 – November 9, 1821) was an American politician who served three terms as a United States representative from New York from 1814 to 1819.

He was the eldest brother of author Washington Irving.

James Kirke Paulding
James Kirke Paulding (August 22, 1778 – April 6, 1860) was an American writer and, for a time, the United States Secretary of the Navy. Paulding's early writings were satirical and violently anti-British, as shown in The Diverting History of John Bull and Brother Jonathan (1812). He wrote numerous long poems and serious histories. Among his novels are Konigsmarke, the Long Finne (1823) and The Dutchman's Fireside (1831). He is best known for creating the inimitable Nimrod Wildfire, the "half horse, half alligator" in The Lion of the West (1831), and as collaborator with William Irving and Washington Irving in Salmagundi. (1807–08). Paulding was also, by the mid-1830s, an ardent and outspoken defender of slavery who later endorsed southern secession from the United States.
Page boy (wedding attendant)
A page boy is a young male attendant at a wedding or a cotillion (a social dance). They are, in effect, the young male equivalents of bridesmaids, taking part in the bridal party and assisting with tasks during the ceremony. Traditionally, page boys carry the bride's train, especially if she is wearing a dress with a long train. Because of the difficulty of managing a train, page boys are generally no younger than seven, with older boys preferred for more complicated duties.

Page boys often include young relatives or friends' children in the wedding party. In a formal wedding, the ring bearer is a page boy who carries the wedding rings, often symbolically on a wedding ring cushion. The real rings are typically kept by the best man for safekeeping. If the real rings are used, they are usually tacked on with thread to prevent loss.

Pages are often seen at British royal weddings, such as the wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton in 2011.

Wedding
A wedding is a ceremony in which two people are united in marriage. Wedding traditions and customs vary greatly between cultures, ethnicities, races, religions, denominations, countries, social classes, and sexual orientations. Most wedding ceremonies involve an exchange of marriage vows by a couple; a presentation of a gift (e.g., an offering, rings, a symbolic item, flowers, money, or a dress); and a public proclamation of marriage by an authority figure or celebrant. Special wedding garments are often worn, and the ceremony is sometimes followed by a wedding reception. Music, poetry, prayers, or readings from religious texts or literature are also commonly incorporated into the ceremony, as well as superstitious customs.
Zak Gibson
Zakary Neil Gibson (born 19 March 1997) is a New Zealand cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Northern Districts on 15 March 2016 in the 2015–16 Plunket Shield. He made his Twenty20 debut for Northern Districts on 4 December 2016 in the 2016–17 Super Smash. He made his List A debut for Northern Districts on 15 January 2017 in the 2016–17 Ford Trophy. In June 2018, he was awarded a contract with Northern Districts for the 2018–19 season.

2016–17 Super Smash
The 2016–17 McDonald's Super Smash (named after the competition's sponsor McDonald's) was the twelfth season of the Men's Super Smash Twenty20 cricket tournament in New Zealand. The competition was run from 4 December 2016 to 7 January 2017. The previous edition was known as the Georgie Pie Super Smash. The Auckland Aces were the defending champions.

The match between Otago Volts and Central Stags on 21 December 2016 set a new record for the highest aggregate total in a T20 fixture, with a total of 497 runs scored.

The Wellington Firebirds beat Canterbury Kings by three wickets in the elimination final, and faced Central Stags in the final on 7 January 2017. The Wellington Firebirds won the final by 14 runs.
Economic impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Ireland
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a deep impact on the Irish economy, leading it into a recession. Essential public health measures announced by the Irish Government to contain the spread of COVID-19 resulted in the largest monthly increase in unemployment in the history of the Republic of Ireland during March 2020. By 24 April, there were more than one million people in receipt of support interventions to the labour market, including those in receipt of the COVID-19 Pandemic Unemployment Payment and the COVID-19 Temporary Wage Subsidy Scheme. While there were job losses in all sectors, individuals working in tourism, hospitality, food and retail have seen the largest job losses.

Bus Éireann
Bus Éireann (Irish pronunciation: [ˌbˠɔsˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ]; "Irish Bus") is a state-owned bus and coach operator providing services throughout Ireland, with the exception of Dublin, where bus services are provided by sister company Dublin Bus. It is a subsidiary of Córas Iompair Éireann (CIÉ). The company's primary hub is Busáras, located in Store Street, Dublin. In 2022 it operated 229 Public Service Obligation Routes, 14 expressway routes and 8940 school transport routes.
Fiesta Broadway
Fiesta Broadway is an annual event held in downtown Los Angeles to celebrate Cinco de Mayo, Mexican culture and Latin American culture in general. Modeled on Miami's Calle Ocho Festival and harking back to the early 20th-century Fiesta de Los Angeles, it features vendors and musical acts. At its peak, Fiesta Broadway stretched for  36 blocks centered on a long stretch of Broadway and attracted hundreds of thousands of visitors.  More recently it has been confined to a few blocks around 1st Street and Broadway and has seen attendance shrink to as little as 7,000.  Although the holiday of Cinco de Mayo falls on May 5, which is the meaning of its Spanish name, Fiesta Broadway is always held on the last Sunday in April, since 1995.

All Access Talent & Uno Productions produces the extravaganza.

Fiesta de Los Angeles
Fiesta de los Angeles was a parade and festival in Downtown Los Angeles that appeared yearly between 1894 and 1916. It originally featured a parade from the Old Plaza to Fiesta Park, and a multi-day festival that included events at Fiesta Park. The event was founded by local boosters, chief among them Max Meyberg, as an attempt to rival the Tournament of Roses in Pasadena, and the first parade was April 10, 1894. The 1901 festival was held in May to coincide with a visit by President William McKinley. There have been numerous attempts to revive the festival, most recently the Fiesta Broadway in the 1990s and 2000s.