hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
File Retrieval and Editing System
The File Retrieval and Editing SyStem, or FRESS, was a hypertext system developed at Brown University starting in 1968 by Andries van Dam and his students, including Bob Wallace.  It was the first hypertext system to run on readily available commercial hardware and OS.  It is also possibly the first computer-based system to have had an "undo" feature for quickly correcting small editing or navigational mistakes.

Bob Wallace (computer scientist)
Bob Wallace (May 29, 1949 – September 20, 2002) was an American software developer, programmer and the ninth Microsoft employee. He was the first popular user of the term shareware, creator of the word processing program PC-Write, founder of the software company Quicksoft and an "online drug guru" who devoted much time and money to the research of psychedelic drugs.
Déjà Vu (2006 film)
Déjà Vu is a 2006 American science fiction action thriller film directed by Tony Scott, written by Bill Marsilii and Terry Rossio, and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer. The film stars Denzel Washington, Paula Patton, Jim Caviezel, Val Kilmer, Adam Goldberg and Bruce Greenwood. It involves an ATF agent who travels back in time in an attempt to prevent a domestic terrorist attack that takes place in New Orleans and to save a woman with whom he falls in love.

Filming took place in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina. The film premiered in New York City on November 20, 2006, and was released in the United States and Canada on November 22, 2006. It received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $180.6 million worldwide against its $75 million production budget. It was the 23rd most successful film worldwide for 2006.

Adam Goldberg
Adam Goldberg (born October 25, 1970) is an American actor. Known for his supporting roles in film and television, Goldberg has appeared in films such as Dazed and Confused, Saving Private Ryan, A Beautiful Mind and Zodiac. He has also played leading roles in independent films such as The Hebrew Hammer and 2 Days in Paris. His TV appearances include the shows  Law & Order: Criminal Intent,  My Name Is Earl, Friends, Joey, Entourage, The Jim Gaffigan Show, The Unusuals and his role as hitman Grady Numbers in the first season of Fargo. From 2021 until 2025 he has starred opposite Queen Latifah on CBS' The Equalizer.
Clay Priest
Clay Priest (born 5 February 1989) is an Australian rugby league footballer who last played for the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs in the National Rugby League. He plays as a lock and prop. He has previously played for the Canberra Raiders. He currently plays for the Mudgee Dragons in the Western Premiership

Western Premiership (rugby league)
The Western Premiership (also known as the Peter McDonald Premiership due to the name of its First Grade competition) is a New South Wales, Australia rugby league competition. The competition commenced in 2022 and incorporates the former Group 10 and Group 11 competitions.

The competition is named in honour of the late Peter 'Ace' McDonald, a long-time Cowra Magpies, Group 10, Western Division and Country Rugby League administrator, and is played in four grades, these being First-Grade, Reserve-Grade, Under 18s and Ladies League Tag.
Dieburg station
Dieburg station is located in the town of Dieburg in the German state of Hesse on the Rhine-Main Railway (German: Rhine-Main-Bahn), which runs from Mainz via Darmstadt to Aschaffenburg. The Rodgau Railway from Offenbach am Main now ends here. The station is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 4 station. It is served only by local trains.

Darmstadt Hauptbahnhof
Darmstadt Hauptbahnhof is the main railway station in the German city Darmstadt. After Frankfurt Hbf and Wiesbaden Hbf, it is the third largest station in the state of Hesse with 35,000 passengers and 220 trains per day.

Built in a late Art Nouveau style, the station was finished 1912 as one of the major works of architect Friedrich Pützer. The station replaced two separate and increasingly inadequate stations located at the Steubenplatz, around a km closer to the city centre in the east.
José Haring
José Haring (born Josef Haring; 20 December 1940 – 24 December 2023) was a German Roman Catholic prelate. He was bishop of Limoeiro do Norte from 2000 to 2017. He died on 24 December 2023, at the age of 83.

Diocese of Limoeiro do Norte
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Limoeiro do Norte (Latin: Dioecesis Limoëirensis) is a Latin Rite suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of Fortaleza, both in Ceará state, northeast Brazil.

Its cathedral episcopal see is Catedral Nossa Senhora da Conceiçao, dedicated to Immaculate Conception, in the city of Limoeiro do Norte.
Russkaya Station
The Russkaya Station (Russian: Русская) is a former Soviet and Russian Antarctic research station located on the Ruppert Coast, in Marie Byrd Land in Western Antarctica. The station was proposed in 1973 and approved in 1978.  Construction began the next year and it was opened on March 9, 1980 and officially abandoned in 1990.

The station was mothballed in the beginning of 1990.  In February 2006, Valeriy Lukin, the head of the Russian Antarctic Expedition (RAE), stated that "There are plans to open the mothballed stations Molodyozhnaya, Leningradskaya and Russkaya in the 2007–2008 season". However, by 2012 it was reported that reactivation plans, although delayed, had not commenced.

Marie Byrd Land
Marie Byrd Land (MBL) is an unclaimed region of Antarctica. With an area of 1,610,000 km2 (620,000 sq mi), it is the largest unclaimed territory on Earth. It was named after the wife of American naval officer Richard E. Byrd, who explored the region in the early 20th century.

The territory lies in West Antarctica, east of the Ross Ice Shelf and the Ross Sea and south of the Pacific Ocean portion of the Antarctic or Southern Ocean, extending eastward approximately to a line between the head of the Ross Ice Shelf and Eights Coast. It stretches between 158°W and 103°24'W. The inclusion of the area between the Rockefeller Plateau and Eights Coast is based upon Byrd's exploration.
Jim Leverton
Jim Leverton (born 6 June 1946, Dover, Kent, England) is an English professional musician, with a career spanning nearly fifty years, including as a sidesman to the Jimi Hendrix Experience's Noel Redding, Steve Marriott, Blodwyn Pig and the Canterbury scene band Caravan.

Savoy Brown
Savoy Brown (originally Savoy Brown Blues Band) were an English blues rock band formed in Battersea, southwest London, in 1965. Part of the late 1960s blues rock movement, Savoy Brown primarily achieved success in the United States, where they promoted their albums with non-stop touring. Founder, guitarist and primary songwriter Kim Simmonds was the sole constant member of the band from its formation in 1965 until his death in 2022. They were one of the bands that UK Decca (US London/Parrot) stuck with through the lean times until they started selling records; it took four or five albums until they started to sell in the US. In the late 1960s and 1970s, the band managed to break into the Billboard Hot 100.
Ru (novel)
Ru is a novel by Vietnamese-born Canadian novelist Kim Thúy, first published in French in 2009 by Montreal publisher Libre Expression. It was translated into English in 2012 by Sheila Fischman and published by Vintage Canada.

Ru, a film adaptation of the novel, was directed by Charles-Olivier Michaud and released in 2023.

Kim Thúy
Kim Thúy Ly Thanh, CM CQ (born 1968 in Saigon, South Vietnam) is a Vietnamese-born Canadian writer. Kim Thúy was born in Vietnam in 1968. At the age of 10 she left Vietnam along with a wave of refugees commonly referred to in the media as “the boat people” and settled with her family in Quebec, Canada. A graduate in translation and law, she has worked as a seamstress, interpreter, lawyer, and restaurant owner. The author has received many awards, including the Governor General’s Literary Award in 2010, and was one of the top 4 finalists of the Alternative Nobel Prize in 2018. Her books have sold more than 850,000 copies around the world and have been translated into 31 languages and distributed across 43 countries and territories. Kim Thúy lives in Montreal where she devotes her time to writing.
Charles Le Goux de La Berchère
Charles Le Goux de La Berchère (23 October 1647 – 2 June 1719) was a French prelate.
He served successively as Bishop of Lavaur (1677–1685), Archbishop of Aix (1685–1687), Archbishop of Albi (1687–1703) and Archbishop of Narbonne (1703–1719).

Ancient Diocese of Narbonne
The former Catholic diocese of Narbonne existed from early Christian times until the French Revolution. It was an archdiocese, with its see at Narbonne, from the year 445, and its influence ran over much of south-western France and into Catalonia.

At the beginning of the 18th century, the ecclesiastical province of Narbonne included the dioceses of: Agde, Alais, Béziers, Carcassonne, Alet, Lodève, Montpellier, Nimes, Elne, Saint-Pons, and Uzès.
Mactan
Mactan is a densely populated island located a few kilometers (~1 mile) east of Cebu Island in the Philippines. The island is part of Cebu province and it is divided into the city of Lapu-Lapu and the municipality of Cordova.

The island is separated from Cebu by the Mactan Channel which is presently crossed by three bridges: the Cebu–Cordova Link Expressway (CCLEX), the Mactan–Mandaue Bridge, and the Marcelo Fernan Bridge. The island covers some 65 square kilometres (25 sq mi) and has a population of 526,620 as of 2024, making it the nation's most densely populated island. Along with Olango Island Group, the isles are administered by a city and a municipality covering 75.25 square kilometres (29.05 sq mi).

Mactan–Cebu International Airport is located on the island.

Cordova, Cebu
Cordova, officially the Municipality of Cordova (Cebuano: Lungsod sa Cordova; Filipino: Bayan ng Cordova),  is a municipality in the province of Cebu, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 72,915 people.

Also spelled Cordoba, most of the municipality lies on separate islands off the southern coast of Mactan Island. It is connected by two bridges to the main island of Mactan, which itself is connected to mainland Cebu by the two bridges between Mandaue and Lapu-Lapu City. The Cebu–Cordova Link Expressway, opened in 2022, connects it directly to mainland Cebu in Cebu City.

Cordova is bordered to the north by Lapu-Lapu City, to the west by the Mactan Channel, to the east by the Hilutangan Channel and Olango Island, and to the south by the Cebu Strait.

Cordova is a part of Metro Cebu.
Positively Beadhead
Positively Beadhead is an album by the American musician Terrance Simien, released in 1999. Simien supported the album with a North American tour. The album title refers to Simien's practice of throwing beads to his fans during concerts.

Terrance Simien
Terrance Simien (born September 3, 1965) is an American zydeco musician, vocalist and songwriter. He and his group The Zydeco Experience won the Grammy Award for Best Zydeco or Cajun Music Album in 2008 and for Best Regional Roots Music Album in 2014.
West Ambae language
West Ambae (also known as Duidui, the principal dialect, and Opa, the Mota name for the island) is an Oceanic language spoken on Ambae, Vanuatu. Dialects of West Ambae include Walaha and Nduindui (Duidui). The New Testament was published in West Ambae in 1984.

Ambae
Ambae, also known as Aoba, Omba, Oba, or Opa and formerly Lepers’ Island, is an island in the South Pacific island nation of Vanuatu, approximately 310 kilometres (165 nautical miles) north-northwest of Vanuatu's capital city, Port Vila.  It is also Vanuatu's largest active volcano.
Wietske de Ruiter
Wietske Annechien de Ruiter (born 20 March 1970 in Ridderkerk) is a former female field hockey striker from the Netherlands, who represented her native country at two consecutive Summer Olympics: 1992 and 1996. At the last tournament in Atlanta, Georgia the former player of Hockey Vereniging Victoria in Rotterdam (where she started her career) and HGC won the bronze medal with the Dutch women's team.

Ridderkerk
Ridderkerk (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌrɪdərˈkɛr(ə)k] ⓘ) is a town and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality had a population of 46,671 in 2021 and covers an area of 25.26 km2 (9.75 sq mi) of which 1.54 km2 (0.59 sq mi) is covered by water.

The municipality of Ridderkerk also includes the following towns, villages and townships: Bolnes, Oostendam, Rijsoord and Slikkerveer.

Ridderkerk has a museum called De Oudheidkamer, covering the history of the town. The centre of Ridderkerk has a central square for events and there is a theater.
The Voice – Norges beste stemme
The Voice – Norges beste stemme (Norwegian for The Voice – Norway's best Voice) is a Norwegian reality singing competition and local version of The Voice first broadcast as The Voice of Holland.  It started on 27 January 2012 and the final aired on 25 May 2012 on TV2.

One of the important premises of the show is the quality of the singing talent. Four coaches, themselves popular performing artists, train the talents in their group and occasionally perform with them. Talents are selected in blind auditions, where the coaches cannot see, but only hear the auditioner.

Gabrielle Leithaug
Gabrielle Leithaug (Bergen, 10 January 1985), better known by her mononym artist name Gabrielle, is a Norwegian singer and songwriter. She is best known internationally for her breakout single "5 Fine Frøkner", which appears in the Norwegian TV series Skam.
The Gold Dust Orphans
The Gold Dust Orphans is a fringe theater company based in Boston and Provincetown, Massachusetts.  It was founded in 1995 by writer/performer Ryan Landry, Scott Martino, Afrodite (aka Andre Shoals), and Billy Hough.  It is a group of actors, musicians, dancers, writers and visual artists dedicated to the production of shows that are often based on works of film, theater, and popular culture.  Many of the roles are played in the classical tradition by men in drag.

Provincetown, Massachusetts
Provincetown (/ˈprɒvɪnsˌtaʊn/) is a town located at the tip of Cape Cod in Massachusetts. A small coastal resort town with a year-round population of 3,664 as of the 2020 United States census, Provincetown has a summer population as high as 60,000. It contains the census-designated place of the same name. Often called "P-town" or "Ptown", the locale is known as a vacation destination for its beaches, harbor, artists, and tourist industry, particularly for LGBTQ people.
Aegialeus (King of Sicyon)
Aegialeus (Ancient Greek: Αἰγιαλεύς, romanized: Aigialeus, lit. 'derived from αἰγιαλός aigialos 'beach, sea-shore') also Aegealeus,  or Egialeus, in classical Greek semi-mythical historiography was considered the original settler of the Peloponnese and the founder and first ruler of the city-state of Aegialea, later known to history as Sicyon.

Sicyon
Sicyon (/ˈsɪʃiˌɒn, ˈsɪs-/; Greek: Σικυών; gen.: Σικυῶνος) or Sikyōn was an ancient Greek city state situated in the northern Peloponnesus between Corinth and Achaea on the territory of the present-day regional unit of Corinthia. The ruins lie just west of the modern village of Sikyona (previously Vasiliko). An ancient monarchy at the times of the Trojan War, the city was ruled by a number of tyrants during the Archaic and Classical period and became a democracy in the 3rd century BC. Sicyon was celebrated for its contributions to ancient Greek art, producing many famous painters and sculptors. In Hellenistic times it was also the home of Aratus of Sicyon, the leader of the Achaean League.
Barossa Valley railway line
The Barossa Valley railway line is a closed railway line in South Australia. It was first opened in 1911, extending from the Gawler line to Angaston with later branches being built to Penrice and Truro. Much of the line from Gawler to Penrice remained open up until June 2014 (passenger services had ceased much earlier in December 1968). The section of line from Nuriootpa to Truro was removed in the 1990s. The section of line from Nuriootpa to Angaston was taken up in 2010 and replaced with a rail trail.

Truro, South Australia
Truro (postcode 5356, altitude 311m) is a town in South Australia, 80 km northeast of Adelaide. It is situated in an agricultural and pastoral district on the Sturt Highway, east of the Barossa Valley, where the highway crosses somewhat lofty and rugged parts of the Mount Lofty Ranges.  At the 2021 census, Truro had a population of 523.

Truro is in the Mid Murray Council local government area, the South Australian House of Assembly electoral district of Schubert and the Australian House of Representatives Division of Barker.
Suzanne Bianchetti
Suzanne Bianchetti (24 February 1889 – 17 October 1936) was a film actress.

Suzanne Bianchetti appeared in her first film in the early 1900s and quickly became one of France's most loved and respected actresses. She appeared as Marie Antoinette in Abel Gance's 1927 epic, Napoléon and worked with many of the early notables of the silent film era such as Antonin Artaud and the singer, Damia.

She was married to writer and actor René Jeanne (1887–1969) who served as the director of L'Etablissement Cinématographique des Armées.

René Jeanne
René Jeanne was a French actor, writer, and cinema historian.  He was born in 1887 and died in 1969. Jeanne was married to actress Suzanne Bianchetti.
Jeanne was also notable for serving on the jury of the Mostra de Venise in 1937 and 1938.
Siege of Kahun
The siege of Kahun was a siege of the isolated fort-town of Kahun, Balochistan, that lasted from 16 May until 28 September 1840, during the First Anglo-Afghan War. The outpost was defended by a battalion of 140 men in extremely hot, inhospitable conditions against an overwhelming native force until they were forced to capitulate.

Kahan, Pakistan
Kahan is a village in Kohlu District in Pakistan's Balochistan province.

It is bounded by Kohlu to the north, Barkhan to the North East, Dera Bugti to the East and South East, Sibbi to the west and South West, and Loralai in the west and North West.
Tracks exist leading to Kohlu, Dera Bugti, and Sibi. Electricity to the village is provided by a generator and a telephone connection is available. The mainstay of population is farming, but there are also a few shops providing daily necessities.

Kahan is the traditional centre of the Marri tribe, and the former residence of the tribe's sardar. The village had largely been depopulated in the 1950s after a series of droughts and political shifts involving the move of the sardar to Quetta and the establishment of Kohlu as an administrative centre. Kahan is the native village of politician Khair Bakhsh Marri.

Kahan tehsil had a total population of 73,981 in 2017.
Sōtetsu Shin-Yokohama Line
The Sōtetsu Shin-Yokohama Line is a commuter line operated by Sotetsu between Nishiya Station on the Sōtetsu Main Line to Shin-Yokohama Station. Sōtetsu has put its company names as a formal part of the line names, which is a first for the company.

It is a part of the Eastern Kanagawa Rail Link strategic plan for improving the rail network connectivity of Kanagawa Prefecture. The rail infrastructures of this line are maintained by the Japan Railway Construction, Transport and Technology Agency (JRTT). Sōtetsu collects the operation revenue and pays JRTT for using the rail infrastructures, then JRTT use this payment to maintain the infrastructures and reimburse the loan for the construction of this line.

The Sōtetsu Shin-Yokohama Line opened on 30 November 2019 and the extension to Shin-Yokohama opened on 18 March 2023.

Sagami Railway
The Sagami Railway Company, Ltd. (相模鉄道株式会社, Sagami tetsudō Kabushikigaisha), or Sōtetsu (相鉄), is a private railway company operating three lines in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of holding company Sōtetsu Holdings, Inc. Sōtetsu Holdings is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange; 6.58% of it is owned by the Odakyu Electric Railway Company.
Eastampton Township, New Jersey
Eastampton Township is a township in Burlington County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 6,191, an increase of 122 (+2.0%) from the 2010 census count of 6,069, which in turn reflected a decline of 133 (−2.1%) from the 6,202 counted in the 2000 census. The township, and all of Burlington County, is a part of the Philadelphia-Reading-Camden combined statistical area and the Delaware Valley.

Hezekiah B. Smith
Hezekiah Bradley Smith (July 24, 1816 – November 3, 1887) was an American inventor and a Democratic Party politician who represented New Jersey's 2nd congressional district in the United States House of Representatives for one term from 1879 to 1881.
John de Havering
John de Havering (died 1309), Lord of Grafton was an English military and civil servant. He was considered one of the most experienced administrators of King Edward I, serving as Seneschal of Gascony and as Justiciar of North Wales.

Justiciar of North Wales
The Justiciar of North Wales was a legal office concerned with the government of the three counties in north-west Wales during the medieval period. Justiciar was a title which had been given to one of the monarch's chief ministers in both England and Scotland. Following Edward I of England's conquest of North Wales (1277–1283), the counties of Anglesey, Caernarfonshire and Merioneth were created out of the Kingdom of Gwynedd by the Statute of Rhuddlan in 1284 and placed under direct royal control.  The Justiciar of North Wales was responsible for the royal administration in these counties as well as the administration of justice.  English law was applied to criminal law, but in other matters Welsh law was allowed to continue.
Bete Grise
Bete Grise (from the French Bête grise, "gray beast") is the name given to an unincorporated place, a bay on Lake Superior, a county-owned public beach on that bay, a nearby lighthouse, and two neighboring nature preserves in Michigan. Located in Grant Township in Keweenaw County in Michigan's Upper Peninsula, local legend holds that the sand of the beach "sings."

Grant Township, Keweenaw County, Michigan
Grant Township is a civil township of Keweenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 275 at the 2020 census. Grant Township is one of the most isolated municipalities in Michigan, as it forms the tip of the Keweenaw Peninsula, which projects into Lake Superior.
Independent candidates in the 1999 Ontario provincial election
There were a number of independent candidates in the 1999 Ontario provincial election, none of whom were elected.  Some of these candidates have their own biography pages; information on others may be found here.

This page also covers independent candidates who campaigned in by-elections between 1999 and 2003.

1999 Ontario general election
General elections were held on June 3, 1999, to elect members of the 37th Legislative Assembly of the Canadian province Ontario.

The governing Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario, led by Premier Mike Harris, was re-elected to a second majority government.

The last time the Legislative Assembly of Ontario had experienced a reduced number of seats heading into an election was in 1934. Previously, the province's riding boundaries were different from those used in federal elections. In the 1999 election, as a consequence of an Act passed in 1996, provincial riding boundaries were redrawn to precisely match federal ridings, resulting in 27 fewer seats in the legislature. Notably, in a number of ridings this resulted in incumbent MPPs directly facing each other in the new seats; in a few ridings, incumbent MPPs from the same party even had to compete against each other for their own party's nomination.