hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dottie Lamm
Dorothy Louise Vennard Lamm (born May 23, 1937) is an American feminist, women's rights activist, educator, author, and speaker. She was First Lady of Colorado during her husband Richard Lamm's three terms as Governor of Colorado (1975–1987). In 1998, was the unsuccessful Democratic nominee in the election for United States Senate in Colorado. She wrote a weekly column for The Denver Post from 1979 to 1996 and later published three books. She was inducted into the Colorado Women's Hall of Fame in 1985.

1998 United States Senate election in Colorado
The 1998 United States Senate election in Colorado was held November 3, 1998, alongside other elections to the United States Senate in other states as well as elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. Incumbent Senator Ben Nighthorse Campbell won re-election to a second term by a landslide. This was Campbell's first election as a Republican as he left the Democratic Party in 1995.

As of 2026, this is the only time since 1968 that a Republican won the Class 3 Senate seat in Colorado, and the last time that a Native American was elected to the United States Senate until 2022.
Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris
Pustulosis palmaris et plantaris  is a chronic recurrent pustular dermatosis (that is, a pustulosis or pustular psoriasis) localized on the palms and soles only, characterized histologically by intraepidermal pustules filled with neutrophils.: 411, 628 : 204  It can occur as part of the SAPHO syndrome.

Pustulosis
Pustulosis is highly inflammatory skin condition resulting in large fluid-filled blister-like areas - pustules. Pustulosis typically occurs on the palms of the hands and/or the soles of the feet. The skin of these areas peels and flakes (exfoliates).
This condition—also referred to as "palmo-plantar pustulosis"—is a feature of pustular psoriasis.
Seddonville Branch
The Seddonville Branch, later truncated as the Ngākawau Branch, is a branch line railway in the West Coast region of New Zealand's South Island.  Construction began in 1874 and it reached its terminus at the Mokihinui Mine just beyond Seddonville in February 1895. In May 1981 it was closed past Ngākawau and effectively became an extension of the Stillwater–Westport Line, since formalised as the Stillwater–Ngākawau Line.

NZR WB class
The NZR WB class was a class of steam tank locomotives that operated in New Zealand. Built in 1898 by the Baldwin Locomotive Works, the twelve members of the class entered service during the first five months of 1899. Eight were withdrawn by the end of 1935, while four others survived with new boilers until the mid-1950s.
Gita Sarabhai
Geeta Sarabhai Mayor (née Sarabhai; 1922 – 11 March 2011) was an Indian musician, well known for her patronage in music. She was among the first women to play the pakhavaj, a traditional barrel-shaped, two-headed drum. She promoted exchanges between Indian and Western music, particularly for bringing  Ahmedabad to New York City. During a study stay in New York, she taught Indian music and philosophy to the experimental composer John Cage, in exchange for a course on the theory of Western music. The course included the twelve-tone technique of Arnold Schoenberg. In 1949, Geeta Sarabhai founded the Sangeet Kendra in Ahmedabad, whose mission is to document and promote classical and popular Indian musical traditions. Gita was a part-time faculty of music at National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad.

National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad
The National Institute of Design (NID) is a public design university in Paldi, Ahmedabad, with extension campuses in Gandhinagar and Bengaluru. Regarded as one of the foremost design schools in Asia as surveyed by Bloomberg Businessweek in 2009 and on Ranker, it is ranked 51-100 among the top art and design institutes in the world as of 2022 by QS. The university, along with the other NIDs across India, functions as an autonomous institute under the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade, Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India. NID has been accorded an Institute of National Importance under the National Institute of Design Act, 2014.

23°0′40″N 72°34′10″E﻿ / ﻿23.01111°N 72.56944°E﻿ / 23.01111; 72.56944
Dithiin
Dithiins /daɪ.ˈθaɪ.ɪnz/ are a class of heterocyclic compounds, with the parent members having the formula (C2H2)2S2.  Two isomers of this parent are recognized, 1,2- and 1,4-dithiins.  Planar dithiins are 8π e− systems, which would lead to antiaromaticity if the structure was planar. Akin to the behavior of cyclooctatetraene, they instead adopt nonplanar structures. Vinyldithiin, a common component of garlic, is a misnomer for 3-vinyl-4H-1,2-dithiin. 1,3-dithiins are unknown.

Heterocyclic compound
A heterocyclic compound or ring structure is a hydrocarbon-based cyclic compound that contains at least one heteroatom as member(s) of its ring(s). Heterocyclic organic chemistry is the branch of organic chemistry dealing with the synthesis, properties, and applications of organic heterocycles.

Examples of heterocyclic compounds include all of the nucleic acids, the majority of drugs, most biomass (cellulose and related materials), and many natural and synthetic dyes.  More than half of known compounds are heterocycles.  59% of US FDA-approved drugs contain nitrogen heterocycles.
Deposed Princess Yeondeok
Deposed Princess Yeondeok of the Gyeongwon Yi clan (Korean: 폐비 연덕궁주 이씨; Hanja: 廢妃 延德宮主 李氏; d. 4 August 1139) was a Korean queen consort as the 1st wife of her nephew, King Injong of Goryeo. It was said that she was possessed of beauty and gentleness, and an unblemished character. She was the second, alongside Queen Sundeok (initially older sister and later mother-in-law) and Princess Bokchang.

Injong of Goryeo
Injong (29 October 1109 – 10 April 1146), personal name Wang Hae, was the 17th monarch of the Korean Goryeo dynasty. He was the eldest son of King Yejong and Queen Sundeok, the daughter of Yi Cha-gyŏm. His reign saw two major internal crises that nearly ended the Goryeo dynasty, the collapse of the Northern Song dynasty, and the establishment of the Jin dynasty as the dominant power in East Asia.
Yash Dasgupta
Yash Dasgupta (born as Debashish Dasgupta; 10 October 1985) is an Indian actor, producer and TV personality active in Bengali and Hindi entertainment. He began with television dramas and debuted in the Bengali film Gangster (2016). He later debuted in Hindi with Yaariyan 2 (2023). His first appearance in Bengali cinema was in a antagonist role in Pagal Premi (2007) He was listed as the most desirable man in the Calcutta Times list of Most Desirable Men in 2014, 2015 and 2020.

Dasgupta appeared in the TV soap operas Bojhena Se Bojhena and Na Aana Is Des Laado. In 2006 he won the Glam King title in the Unish Kuri Streax Glam Hunt held in Kolkata. Dasgupta is also a politician and belongs to the Bharatiya Janata Party since 17 February 2021.

Yaariyan 2
Yaariyan 2 is a 2023 Indian Hindi-language coming-of-age romantic drama film written and directed by Radhika Rao and Vinay Sapru and produced by Bhushan Kumar, Divya Khosla Kumar, Krishan Kumar and Aayush Maheshwari under T-Series Films, Rao and Sapru Films and BLM Motion Pictures. A spiritual successor to Khosla Kumar's 2014 directorial debut film Yaariyan and a remake of the 2014 Malayalam film Bangalore Days originally written and directed by Anjali Menon, it stars Khosla Kumar alongside Yash Dasgupta, Pearl V Puri,  Meezaan Jafri, Anaswara Rajan, Priya Prakash Varrier and Hira Warina. The film was a box-office bomb.
Steel Mill
Steel Mill was an early Bruce Springsteen band. Other members of the band included three future members of the E Street Band,  Vini Lopez, Danny Federici, and Steve Van Zandt. As well as playing on the Jersey Shore, Steel Mill also played regularly in Richmond, Virginia and played gigs in California and a festival in Nashville, Tennessee. They opened for acts such as Chicago, Boz Scaggs, Grand Funk Railroad, Roy Orbison, Ike & Tina Turner, and Black Sabbath. Since 2004 Vini Lopez has led Steel Mill Retro which has performed and recorded original Springsteen songs from the Steel Mill era.

Bill Chinnock
William Chinnock (November 12, 1947 – March 7, 2007), also referred to as Bill Chinnock or Billy Chinnock, was an American singer-songwriter and guitarist. Born in Newark, New Jersey, Chinnock grew up in the nearby Essex County communities of East Orange and Millburn. He was a prominent member of the Jersey Shore music scene during the late 1960s, leading bands that included future members of the E Street Band.

He subsequently moved away from the Shore and spent time in New York City and Nashville, Tennessee, before eventually settling in Yarmouth, Maine. In 1987 he won an Emmy Award after his song "Somewhere in the Night" was used as the theme on Search for Tomorrow. "Hold On To Love", a duet he recorded with Roberta Flack, was also featured as a theme song on Guiding Light.
Auchinleck railway station
Auchinleck railway station is a railway station in the village of Auchinleck, East Ayrshire, Scotland. The station is managed by ScotRail and is on the Glasgow South Western Line. It is also the nearest station to the larger town of Cumnock.

Glasgow South Western Line
The Glasgow South Western Line is a mainline railway almost entirely in Scotland (the only exception being the final section into Carlisle in North West England) that runs from Glasgow to Kilmarnock, and then either Carlisle via Dumfries, or Stranraer via Ayr, with a branch to East Kilbride.
The Grey Zone (1997 film)
The Grey Zone (Italian: Le mani forti) is a 1997 Italian drama film written and directed by Franco Bernini.  It entered into the competition at the International Critics' Week of the 50th Cannes Film Festival. The film won the Grolla d'oro for best screenplay.

Franco Bernini
Franco Bernini  (born in 1954) is an Italian director and screenwriter.

Born in Viterbo, Bernini entered the cinema industry in 1987 as a sound screenwriter, and was a close collaborator of Carlo Mazzacurati and Daniele Luchetti. After directing two television films, in 1997 he directed The Grey Zone, for which he won the Grolla d'oro for best screenplay.
Cinema Europe: The Other Hollywood
Cinema Europe: The Other Hollywood (1995) is a documentary film series produced by David Gill and silent film historian Kevin Brownlow.  It is a follow-up to their 1980 documentary film series, Hollywood.

Kevin Brownlow
Kevin Brownlow (born Robert Kevin Brownlow; 2 June 1938) is a British film historian, television documentary-maker, filmmaker, author, and film editor. He is best known for his work documenting the history of the silent era, having become interested in silent film at the age of eleven. This interest grew into a career spent documenting and restoring film. Brownlow has rescued many silent films and their history. His initiative in interviewing many largely forgotten, elderly film pioneers in the 1960s and 1970s preserved a legacy of early mass-entertainment cinema. He received an Academy Honorary Award at the 2nd Annual Governors Awards given by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences on 13 November 2010. This was the first occasion on which an Academy Honorary Award was given to a film preservationist.
Hell Gorge
Hell Gorge (Slovene: soteska Pekel) is a 1.5-kilometre (0.93 mi) gorge in central Slovenia, located near the settlement of Ohonica, 4 km (2.5 mi) southwest of the village of Borovnica and 23 km (14 mi) from Ljubljana. Borovniščica Creek has created many erosion features such as pools, rapids, and waterfalls, of which five are extremely beautiful and well known because they plunge from 20 to 5 m (66 to 16 ft). It has been proclaimed a natural value of national significance.

Borovniščica
The Borovniščica (pronounced [bɔɾɔu̯ˈniːʃtʃitsa]) is a stream that originates in the hills west of Gorenje Otave and flows to the north through Hell Gorge (Slovene: Soteska Pekel), creating a series of waterfalls, and then through the village of Borovnica. It then flows across the Ljubljana Marsh, where it joins the Ljubljanica River as a right tributary. The upper course of the creek separates the Rakitna Plateau (Slovene: Rakitniška planota, to the east) from the Logatec Plateau (Slovene: Logaška planota, to the west). Although mean annual discharge has dropped by over 50% since 1961 and peak flows by about 18%, a near-doubling of discharge variability means the Borovniščica remains prone to sudden flash floods within Hell Gorge.
Clement Howell High School
Clement Howell High School  is a senior high school in Providenciales, Turks and Caicos. Named after Clement Howell, it serves forms three through five and is operated by the Ministry of Education (Turks and Caicos).

Clement Howell
Clement Howell (December 10, 1935 – August 2, 1987) was a politician from the Turks and Caicos Islands. He served on a four-member interim advisory council beginning in July 1986, after two previous chief ministers were forced to resign and the ministerial government in the territory was suspended.

The Ministerial government resumed after elections were held in early 1988.
Wapnik
Wapnik [ˈvapnik] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lubomino, within Lidzbark County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 28 km (17 mi) west of Lidzbark Warmiński and 39 km (24 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn, and a short distance east of the Pasłęka River.

Gmina Lubomino
Gmina Lubomino is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Lidzbark County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Lubomino, which lies approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) west of Lidzbark Warmiński and 36 km (22 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The gmina covers an area of 149.56 square kilometres (57.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,717.
2007 GP Ouest-France
The 2007 edition of the GP Ouest-France was held on September 2 in and around the French village of Plouay in Brittany. Several laps of a circuit were completed for a total of 226 kilometres of racing.  Although no significant breakaway was able to last, a late break by Thomas Voeckler proved decisive.  Voekler's remarkable drive kept him just ahead of the onrushing pack of sprinters two seconds later.  A native son of France and French hero of the 2004 Tour de France, Voeckler's win was very popular with the crowd.

Thomas Voeckler
Thomas Voeckler (French pronunciation: [tɔmɑ vœklɛʁ]; born 22 June 1979) is a French former road racing cyclist, who competed professionally between 2001 and 2017, for the Direct Énergie team and its previous iterations.

One of the most prominent French riders of his generation, Voeckler has been described as a "national hero", due to strong performances over several years in the Tour de France.
Ompa til du dør
Ompa til du dør (Dance 'till you die) is the debut album by Norwegian alternative rock band Kaizers Orchestra. It was released on 1 September 2001. In early 2002, Ompa til du dør won the "Best Album Award" at Spellemannprisen. In 2003, the album had sold around 100,000 copies worldwide.

Kaizers Orchestra
Kaizers Orchestra is a Norwegian alternative rock band formed in Bergen on 1 January 2000. They are notable for being among the first non-black-metal Norwegian artists singing in their native language to become popular beyond Scandinavia.

In 2012, the group announced that following a 2013 "Farewell Tour", they would take a long break. Their final concert was held on 14 September 2013 at DNB Arena in Stavanger, and was also streamed live online. In November 2022, following weeks of teasers and speculation, the band confirmed a reunion and comeback tour scheduled for 2023.
Erdmann II, Count of Promnitz
Erdmann II, Count von Promnitz (born 22 August 1683 in Sorau, Electorate of Saxony (now Żary, Poland); died: 7 September 1745 at the forest castle near Żary) was Lord of Żary (German: Sorau) and Trzebiel (German: Triebel) in Lower Lusatia, and Pszczyna (German: Pless) in Upper Silesia.

He served Augustus II the Strong, elector of Saxony and king of Poland, and later his son and successor Augustus III as Privy Councillor and as cabinet minister.

In 1703, Erdmann II inherited his father's vast estates.  He administered this estate himself.

Erdmann von Promnitz brought Wolfgang Caspar Printz and Georg Philipp Telemann as Kapellmeister to his  court in Sorau.

Kapellmeister
Kapellmeister (/kəˈpɛlmaɪstər/ kə-PEL-my-stər, US also /kɑːˈ-/ kah-, German: [kaˈpɛlˌmaɪstɐ] ⓘ), from Kapelle ('chapel') and Meister ('master'), literally 'master of the chapel choir', is a word of German origin that designates the leader of an ensemble of musicians. Originally used to refer to somebody in charge of music in a chapel, the term has evolved considerably in its meaning and is today used for denoting the leader of a musical ensemble, often smaller ones used for TV, radio, and theatre.
VisualRank
VisualRank is a system for finding and ranking images by analysing and comparing their content, rather than searching image names, Web links or other text.  Google scientists made their VisualRank work public in a paper describing applying PageRank to Google image search at the International World Wide Web Conference in Beijing in 2008.

Content-based image retrieval
Content-based image retrieval, also known as query by image content (QBIC) and content-based visual information retrieval (CBVIR), is the application of computer vision techniques to the image retrieval problem, that is, the problem of searching for digital images in large databases (see this survey for a scientific overview of the CBIR field). Content-based image retrieval is opposed to traditional concept-based approaches (see Concept-based image indexing).

"Content-based" means that the search analyzes the contents of the image rather than the metadata such as keywords, tags, or descriptions associated with the image. The term "content" in this context might refer to colors, shapes, textures, or any other information that can be derived from the image itself.  CBIR is desirable because searches that rely purely on metadata are dependent on annotation quality and completeness.
S. Shanmuganathan (Sri Lankan politician)
Sarawanabavanandan Shanmuganathan (16 May 1960 – 15 July 1998; known as Vasanthan) was a Sri Lankan Tamil militant, politician and Member of Parliament.

Shanmuganathan was born on 16 May 1960. He was a Hindu. He was a senior member of the militant People's Liberation Organisation of Tamil Eelam, serving as its commander in Vavuniya.

Shanmuganathan was member of Vavuniya Urban Council. He contested the 1994 parliamentary election as one of the Democratic People's Liberation Front's candidates in Vanni District and was elected to Parliament.

Shanmuganathan was killed by a claymore mine in Irambaikkulam, Vavuniya District on 15 July 1998. The assassination was blamed on the rival rebel Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. However, the pro-LTTE TamilNet claimed that Shanmuganathan had been the victim of an internal conflict within the PLOTE.

Vanni Electoral District
Vanni Electoral District (Tamil: வன்னி தேர்தல் மாவட்டம்) is one of the 22 multi-member electoral districts of Sri Lanka created by the 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka. The district covers the administrative districts of Mannar, Mullaitivu and Vavuniya in the Northern province. The district currently elects 6 of the 225 members of the Sri Lankan Parliament and had 253,058 registered electors in 2014. The district is Sri Lanka's Electorate Number 11.
1982 Garuda Fokker F28 crash
The 1982 Garuda Fokker F28 crash occurred on March 20, 1982, when a Fokker F28, operated by Garuda Indonesian Airways, operating a passenger flight to on the Jakarta-Lampung route overran the runway at Tanjung Karang-Branti Airport (Lampung) in the province of Lampung, Indonesia, during very heavy rain. The aircraft stopped on 700m (2300ft/770yd) away from the runway in a field with the aircraft setting on fire.

Radin Inten II International Airport
Radin Inten II International Airport (IATA: TKG, ICAO: WILL), formerly known as Branti Airport, is an international airport which serves the city of Bandar Lampung, the capital of Lampung Province, Indonesia. The airport is named after Radin Inten II (1834–1858), a nobleman from Lampung and a National Hero of Indonesia. Although it primarily serves Bandar Lampung, the airport is actually located in Natar, South Lampung Regency, approximately 23 km (14.3 miles) northwest of the city center. It serves as one of the main gateways to Bandar Lampung and the broader Lampung Province, offering domestic flights to Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, and Batam. Due to the absence of sustained international services, the airport's international status was officially revoked in 2024 and reinstated in 2025.
Dammika Rajapakse
Dammika Rajapakse (born 15 May 1971) is a Sri Lankan former cricketer who is now an umpire. He played in 146 first-class and 83 List A matches between 1988 and 2012. He made his Twenty20 debut on 17 August 2004, for Sri Lanka Police Sports Club in the 2004 SLC Twenty20 Tournament.

2004 SLC Twenty20 Tournament
The 2004 SLC Twenty20 Tournament is the 1st season of the official Twenty20 domestic cricket competition in Sri Lanka. 15 teams in total, five representing four provinces of Sri Lanka and a Sri Lanka Schools XI team participating in the competition. The competition began on 17 August 2004, when Bloomfield Cricket and Athletic Club played the Police Sports Club at Colts Cricket Club Ground, Colombo.

This season comprised eight regular matches, four quarter finals, two semi finals and a final.
Expedition 48
Expedition 48 was the 48th expedition to the International Space Station.

Jeffrey Williams, Aleksey Ovchinin and Oleg Skripochka transferred from Expedition 47. Expedition 48 began upon the departure of Soyuz TMA-19M in 18 June 2016 and concluded upon the departure of Soyuz TMA-20M on September 6, 2016. The crew of Soyuz MS-01 were transferred to Expedition 49.

Aleksey Ovchinin
Aleksey Nikolayevich Ovchinin (Russian: Алексей Николаевич Овчинин; born 28 September 1971) is a Russian cosmonaut and holds the rank of Podpolkovnik (lieutenant colonel) in the Russian Air Force Reserve. He was selected as a cosmonaut in 2006 and made his first spaceflight in 2016 on Soyuz TMA-20M, where he also served as commander.
Alpine skiing at the 1956 Winter Olympics
At the 1956 Winter Olympics in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, the six alpine skiing events were held from Friday, 27 January to Friday, 3 February.

Toni Sailer of Austria won all three men's events to become the first alpine ski racer to win three gold medals in a single Olympics.  The feat has been repeated once, by Jean-Claude Killy in 1968.

The races were held at the adjacent Tofana, except for the men's giant slalom, which was held at Monte Faloria. The men's downhill was the final event.

Alpine skiing at the 1956 Winter Olympics – Men's downhill
The men's alpine skiing downhill event of the 1956 Winter Olympics at Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, was held on Friday, 3 February, at 11:00 a.m. The starting elevation on the Olimpia - Tofana run was 2,282 m (7,487 ft) above sea level and the course length was 3.461 km (2.15 mi), with a vertical drop of 902 m (2,959 ft) and just fifteen control gates.

It was the final alpine event of the games and the third straight victory for Toni Sailer of Austria. His average speed was 72.355 km/h (45.0 mph), with an average vertical descent rate of 5.238 m/s (17.2 ft/s).

It was the third appearance of the downhill event at the Winter Games, which debuted in 1948. Seventy-five alpine skiers from 27 nations competed.