hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grand Hogback
The Grand Hogback is a 70-mile-long (110 km), curving, spine-like ridge in Western Colorado that extends from near McClure Pass in Pitkin County through Garfield County and then to near Meeker in Rio Blanco County. The hogback is significant because it marks part of the boundary between the Colorado Plateau to the west and the Southern Rocky Mountains to the east.

The elevation of the ridge ranges from 7,710 to 9,194 feet (2,350 to 2,802 m). The hogback appears as a series of serrated ridges and is easily discernable from Google Maps and other aerial views. It is visible from Interstate 70.

Garfield County, Colorado
Garfield County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 61,685. The county seat is Glenwood Springs, and the largest community is Rifle. The county is named in honor of United States President James A. Garfield.

Garfield County is included in the Rifle-Glenwood Springs Micropolitan Statistical Area, which also includes neighboring Pitkin County and is home to nearly 80,000 residents. The county is also included in the Glenwood Springs-Edwards combined statistical area.
Mirta González Suárez
Mirta González Suárez (born September 29, 1948) is a Costa Rican social psychologist and novelist. She is an emeritus professor of psychology at the University of Costa Rica, where she has conducted research in women's studies and political psychology. Her first novel, Crimen con sonrisa (Crime with a Smile), won a national literary award, the Aquileo J. Echeverría National Prize, in 2013. In 2016 she won the award "UNA palabra" by the National University of Costa Rica for her novel "La gobernadora" and in 2021 the "Juegos Florales Hispanoamericanos de Quetzaltenango 2021" for the novel "La Independencia".

University of Costa Rica
The University of Costa Rica (Spanish: Universidad de Costa Rica, abbreviated UCR) is a public university in the Republic of Costa Rica, in Central America.  Its main campus, Ciudad Universitaria Rodrigo Facio,  is located in San Pedro Montes de Oca, in the province of San José.  It is the oldest and largest institution of higher learning in Costa Rica, originally established as the Universidad de Santo Tomás in 1843. Approximately 45,000 students attend UCR throughout the year.
Brauer's theorem on forms
There also is Brauer's theorem on induced characters.

In mathematics, Brauer's theorem, named for Richard Brauer, is a result on the representability of 0 by forms over certain fields in sufficiently many variables.

Richard Brauer
Richard Dagobert Brauer (February 10, 1901 – April 17, 1977) was a German and American mathematician. He worked mainly in abstract algebra, but made important contributions to number theory. He was the founder of modular representation theory.
Orphir
Orphir (pronounced /ɔːrfɪr/, Old Norse: Jorfjara or Orfjara) is a parish and settlement on Mainland, Orkney, Scotland.

It is approximately 9 miles (14 kilometres) southwest of Kirkwall, and comprises a seaboard tract of about 7 by 3+1⁄2 mi (11.5 by 5.5 km), and includes Cava and the Holm of Houton. The coast includes Houton Head, about 300 feet (90 metres) tall, but all elsewhere is nearly level; and the interior is an assemblage of vales and hills, the latter culminating at about 700 ft (210 m) above sea level.

A chief residence was the Hall of Clestrain; and chief antiquities include the ruins of Earl Paul's Palace, remains of pre-Reformation chapels, the Round Kirk and several tumuli.

The ferry terminal of Houton is located in Orphir. The ferries to Flotta and Hoy (Lyness) depart from this point. Ramsdale Shooting Range is also located in Orphir.

Mainland, Orkney
The Mainland, also known as Pomona, is the main island of Orkney, Scotland. Both of Orkney's burghs, Kirkwall and Stromness, lie on the island, which is also the heart of Orkney's ferry and air connections.

Seventy-five per cent of Orkney's population live on the island, which is more densely populated than the other islands of the archipelago. The lengthy history of the island's occupation has provided numerous important archaeological sites and the sandstone bedrock provides a platform for fertile farmland. There is an abundance of wildlife, especially seabirds.
The Unsuspected (novel)
The Unsuspected is a mystery thriller novel by the American writer Charlotte Armstrong. It was originally serialized in the Saturday Evening Post in 1945 before being published in book form by Coward-McCann the following year. Armstrong's previous three books had been a trilogy featuring the amateur detective MacDougal Duff, but she abandoned the character on the advice of her agent and produced a stand-alone suspense novel.

Charlotte Armstrong
Charlotte Armstrong Lewi (May 2, 1905 – July 18, 1969) was an American writer. Under the names Charlotte Armstrong and Jo Valentine she wrote 29 novels, as well as short stories, plays, and screenplays. She also worked for The New York Times' advertising department, as a fashion reporter for Breath of the Avenue (a buyer's guide), and in an accounting firm. Additionally, she worked for the New Yorker magazine, publishing only three poems for them.
Mariański Choir
The Mariański Choir (Polish: Chór Mariański), also known as the Maryan Choir, is a mixed choir based at the Lazarite Church of the Holy Virgin Mary of Lourdes in Kraków, Poland. The choir's repertoire includes works of great masters, religious compositions of Polish and foreign composers, international songs and folk songs, and fragments of operas and musicals.

Mariański Choir was founded in 1932. Since 1968, the group has been led by conductor Jan Rybarski. Members of the choir have varying levels of experience ranging from several months to over 40 years. Recently the choir toured in Lyon, Nice, Rome, and Vienna.

Church of the Holy Virgin Mary of Lourdes
The Church of the Holy Virgin Mary of Lourdes (Polish: Kościół Najświętszej Maryi Panny z Lourdes) is a historic Roman Catholic parish and conventual church of the Lazarists located at 37 Misjonarska Street in Łobzów, the former district of Kraków, Poland.
Young April
Young April is a 1926 American silent romantic comedy film directed by Donald Crisp, and starring Bessie Love, Joseph Schildkraut, and Rudolph Schildkraut. The film was produced by Cecil B. DeMille's production company and distributed by Producers Distributing Corporation. The film was adapted from Egerton Castle's 1899 novel of the same name by Jeanie MacPherson and Douglas Z. Doty. Art direction for the film was done by Anton Grot and its costumes were designed by Adrian.

Egerton Castle
Egerton Smith Castle F.S.A. (12 March 1858 – 16 September 1920) was an author, antiquarian, and swordsman, and an early practitioner of reconstructed historical fencing, frequently in collaboration with his colleague Captain Alfred Hutton. Castle was the captain of the British épée and sabre teams at the 1908 Summer Olympics.

He was born in London into a wealthy family; his maternal grandfather was the publishing magnate and philanthropist Egerton Smith. He was a lieutenant of the Second West India Regiment and afterwards a captain of the Royal Engineers Militia. He was also an expert on bookplates and a keen collector.

Egerton Castle co-authored several novels with his wife, Agnes Sweetman Castle.
Illuminata (film)
Illuminata is a 1998 American independent romantic comedy film directed by John Turturro and written by Brandon Cole and Turturro, based on Cole's play Imperfect Love. The cinematographer was Harris Savides. The puppet sequences were done by Roman Paska. Music for the 'Tuccio Operatic Dream Sequence' was composed by Richard Termini.

Richard Termini
Richard Joseph Vincent Termini (born June 20, 1956) is an American educator, musician, composer, film director, writer and photographer. As a musician Termini played synthesizers and keyboards on several recordings including Type O Negative: World Coming Down, Cyndi Lauper: platinum award winning album, She's So Unusual, Patty Smyth: Never Enough, The Fixx: Ink, Ellison Chase: Welcome to Tomorrow, Jing: Jing Machine and others. Termini also produced the Fallout single featuring future Type O Negative members Peter Steele and Josh Silver.
Apple II graphics
Apple II graphics debuted on the original Apple II in 1977 and were used throughout the computer series of the same name. There is a 16 color 40 × 48 mode (low res) and a 280 × 192 mode (high res) where visuals are dependent on artifact color. Both modes can optionally have four lines of text at the bottom, reducing the vertical resolution. The Apple IIe adds "double" versions of each of these, most prominently "double high-resolution" with twice the horizontal resolution in 16 colors. Internally, Apple II graphics modes are idiosyncratic and do not use a linear frame buffer.

The graphics modes introduced with the 1986 Apple IIGS split from those of previous Apple II models and have more in common with the Atari ST and Amiga.

Apple IIe
The Apple IIe (styled as Apple //e) is the third model in the Apple II series of personal computers produced by Apple Computer. It was released in January 1983 as the successor to the Apple II Plus. The e in the name stands for enhanced. It is the first Apple II with built-in lowercase, 80-column text support and 64K RAM standard, while reducing the total chip count from previous models by approximately 75%.

Improved expandability combined with the new features made for an attractive general-purpose machine to first-time computer shoppers. As the last surviving model of the Apple II computer line before discontinuation, and having been manufactured and sold for nearly 11 years with relatively few changes, the IIe was the longest-lived computer in Apple's history.
Bad Iburg
Bad Iburg  (German: [baːt ˈʔiːbʊʁk] ⓘ; Westphalian: Bad Ibig) is a spa town in the district of Osnabrück, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated in the Teutoburg Forest, 16 km south of Osnabrück, and the Hermannsweg long-distance hiking trail passes through it.

Bad Iburg is also the name of a municipality which includes the town and four outlying centres: Glane, Ostenfelde, Sentrup and Visbeck.

The most important building is Schloss Iburg above the town. It is a complex of a castle which was the residence of the bishops of Osnabrück for six hundred years and a former monastery of the Order of Saint Benedict.

Teutoburg Forest
The Teutoburg Forest (/ˈtjuːtəbɜːrɡ/ TEW-tə-burg; German: Teutoburger Wald [ˈtɔʏtoˌbʊʁɡɐ ˈvalt] ⓘ) is a range of low, forested hills in the German states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia. Until the 17th century, the official name of the hill ridge was Osning. It was first renamed the Teutoburg Forest in 1616 in commemoration of the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest in 9 AD, which most likely took place at Kalkriese instead.
Korkeakoski railway station
The Korkeakoski railway station (Finnish: Korkeakosken rautatieasema, Swedish: Korkeakoski järnvägsstation) is a railway station located in the municipality of Juupajoki, Finland, in the municipal seat and urban area of Korkeakoski. It is located along the Tampere–Haapamäki railway. Korkeakoski has only served freight transport since 1990; in 1998, the Juupajoki halt, located approximately 1.35 kilometres (0.84 mi) to the south from Korkeakoski, was opened to serve passenger transport in the area.

The Finnish Heritage Agency has proclaimed the Korkeakoski industrial community, of which the railway station is part of, as a built cultural environment of national significance.

Korkeakoski
Korkeakoski (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈkorkeɑˌkoski]) is a village and administrative center of the Juupajoki municipality in Pirkanmaa, Finland. It has a population of 822. It is located along Highway 58 between Orivesi and Kärsämäki, and the Tampere–Haapamäki railway runs through its center.

In Korkeakoski there is  a municipal hall, a health center, a school for grades 3-9 and a Sale grocery store. Finland's first mechanized shoe factory called Wallenius Wapriikki, founded by Edward Wallenius  in 1898, is also located in Korkeakoski.
Ahmed al-Salawi
For Al-Salawi, the author of al-Istiqsa see Ahmad ibn Khalid al-Nasiri

Ahmad ibn Mohammed ibn Nasir al-Salawi (Arabic: أحمد بن محمد بن ناصر السلاوي; 1791 in Sale – 1840 in Sudan) was a Moroccan Maliki scholar, Sufi teacher and writer, who played an important role in Sudan during the reign of the colonial Turkish-Egyptian administration. Al-Salawi was closely connected with Sudanese scholars like Ahmad ibn Isa al-Ansari, Ahmad al-Tayyib w. al-Bashir (whose daughter he married) and Ismail ibn Abd Allah al-Wali.

Salé
Salé (Arabic: سلا, romanized: salā, [salaː]) is a city in northwestern Morocco, on the right bank of the Bou Regreg river, opposite the national capital Rabat, for which it serves as a commuter town. Along with some smaller nearby towns, Rabat and Salé together form a single metropolitan area.

Founded in the 11th century, Salé became a haven for pirates in the 17th century as an independent republic before being incorporated into Alawi Morocco. It recorded a population of 1,089,554 in the 2024 Moroccan census. The city still preserves its historic medina (old town), with many major monuments dating from the Marinid period (13th–15th centuries). Salé is connected to Rabat by a tramway and also contains the Rabat–Salé Airport, the main international airport serving both cities.
Richard Booth
Richard George William Pitt Booth MBE (12 September 1938 – 20 August 2019) was an English bookseller, bibliophile and literary publicist.

Seated at Hay Castle, and a scion of the ancient Cheshire family, Booth established Hay-on-Wye as a literary centre becoming the self-proclaimed King of Hay.

Appointed MBE in 2004 for "services to tourism", Booth paved the way for the Hay Literary Festival.

2004 New Year Honours
The New Year Honours 2004 were appointments by some of the Commonwealth realms to various orders and honours to recognise and reward good works by citizens of those countries. The New Year Honours are awarded as part of the New Year celebrations at the start of January.

The New Year Honours were announced on 31 December 2003 in the United Kingdom, New Zealand, Barbados, Bahamas, Grenada, 
Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Tuvalu, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Belize, and Saint Christopher and Nevis,

The recipients of honours are displayed as they were styled before their new honours and arranged by the country (in order of precedence) whose ministers advised The Queen on the appointments, then by honour with grades i.e. Knight/Dame Grand Cross, Knight/Dame Commander etc. and then divisions i.e. Military and Civil, as appropriate.
2017 Pro A Leaders Cup
The 2017 LNB Pro A Leaders Cup season was the 21st edition of this tournament, the fifth since it was renamed as Leaders Cup. The event included the eight top teams from the first half of the 2016–17 Pro A regular season and was played in Disneyland Paris. AS Monaco Basket won their second consecutive title after beating ASVEL in the Final.

ASVEL Basket
ASVEL Basket, currently known as LDLC ASVEL for sponsorship reasons,  is a French professional basketball team located in the commune of Villeurbanne, a suburb of Lyon, France. The club, which is the basketball section of the ASVEL multi-sports club, competes at the highest level of French basketball, the LNB Élite. The club's home games are played in both the OL Arena and the Astroballe which have a seated capacities of 12,523 and 5,560 respectively.

Founded in 1948, the team is the most successful in French basketball with 21 LNB Élite championships and 10 French Cup titles.

In 2014, Tony Parker became the president of the club. In 2017, Nicolas Batum became the club's director of basketball operations. In June 2019, football club Olympique Lyonnais's holding company OL Groupe purchased a 25% stake in the ASVEL men's team, plus a 10% stake in the ASVEL women's team, in a deal worth around €3.7 million. The deal also included a plan for a new EuroLeague-standard arena.
Wheelbarrow (robot)
The Wheelbarrow is a remotely controlled robot designed in 1972 for use by British Army bomb disposal teams operating in Northern Ireland (321 EOD), mainland Britain (11 EOD Regiment) and Iraq. Over 400 have been destroyed in operation, possibly saving the lives of their human counterparts.

The Wheelbarrow was withdrawn from British Army service in 2019, and replaced by the L3Harris T7 UGV.

321 EOD & Search Squadron RLC
321 EOD & Search Squadron, 11 EOD Regiment RLC is a unit of the British Army responsible for Explosive Ordnance Disposal and Search duties in Northern Ireland.

The unit was previously titled 321 EOD Unit, then 321 EOD Company Royal Army Ordnance Corps (RAOC). It was re-badged as a unit of the Royal Logistic Corps in April 1993, now part of 11 Explosive Ordnance Disposal and Search Regiment RLC. With its headquarters at Alexander Barracks, Aldergrove near Antrim,  the unit covers the entire province of Northern Ireland.

The unit is honoured at the Palace Barracks memorial garden. It remains the most decorated unit in the British Army. 321 is a well equipped unit and has been at the forefront of developing new equipment.
Thomas Nagel
Thomas Nagel (/ˈneɪɡəl/; born July 4, 1937) is an American philosopher. He is the University Professor of Philosophy and Law Emeritus at New York University, where he taught from 1980 until his retirement in 2016. His main areas of philosophical interest are political philosophy, ethics and philosophy of mind.

Nagel is known for his critique of material reductionist accounts of the mind, particularly in his essay "What Is It Like to Be a Bat?" (1974), and for his contributions to liberal moral and political theory in The Possibility of Altruism (1970) and subsequent writings. He continued the critique of reductionism in Mind and Cosmos (2012), in which he argues against the neo-Darwinian view of the emergence of consciousness.

Reductionism
Reductionism is any of several related philosophical ideas regarding the associations between phenomena which can be described in terms of simpler or more fundamental phenomena. It is also described as an intellectual and philosophical position that interprets a complex system as the sum of its parts, contrary to holism. Reductionism tends to focus on the small, predictable details of a system and is often associated with various philosophies like emergence, materialism, and determinism.
Haradok district
Haradok district (Belarusian: Гарадоцкі раён; Russian: Городокский район) is a district (raion) of Vitebsk region in Belarus. Its administrative centre is Haradok.

The largest lakes of the district are Yezyaryscha Lake (the thirteenth largest in Belarus) and Losvida Lake (the eighteenth largest in Belarus).

Vitebsk region
Vitebsk region, also known as Vitebsk oblast or Vitsyebsk voblasts, is one of the regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Vitebsk. It is located in the north of the country, and borders Russia.

As of 2019, it had a population of 1,135,731, the lowest population density in Belarus at 30.6 p/km².

Key cities in the region include Vitebsk, Orsha, Polotsk, and Novopolotsk.
2023 Japan Women's Open – Singles
Ashlyn Krueger defeated Zhu Lin in the final, 6–3, 7–6(8–6) to win the singles title at the 2023 Japan Women's Open. It was her first WTA Tour title.

Nao Hibino was the defending champion from when the tournament was last held in 2019, but lost in the first round to Rebecca Marino.

Himeno Sakatsume
Himeno Sakatsume (坂詰 姫野, Sakatsume Himeno; born 3 August 2001) is a Japanese tennis player.

Sakatsume has a career-high singles ranking by the WTA of 164, achieved on 12 June 2023, and a career-high WTA doubles ranking of 344, set on 27 April 2025.
Atrane
Atranes are a class of tricyclic molecules that are fused to a common central bond. Unlike the propellanes, the central bond is a transannular dative bond from a Lewis base—typically nitrogen—at one bridgehead to a Lewis acidic atom such as silicon or boron at the other bridgehead. Each of the three rings is therefore heterocyclic. Each of the rings is typically five atoms, or sometimes six atoms. The name "atrane" was first proposed by Mikhail Grigorievich Voronkov.

Annulation
In organic chemistry, annulation (from Latin  anellus 'little ring'; occasionally annelation) is a chemical reaction in which a new ring is constructed on a molecule.

Examples are the Robinson annulation, Danheiser annulation and certain cycloadditions.  Annular molecules are constructed from side-on condensed cyclic segments, for example helicenes and acenes.  In transannulation a bicyclic molecule is created by intramolecular carbon-carbon bond formation in a large monocyclic ring. An example is the samarium(II) iodide induced ketone - alkene cyclization of 5-methylenecyclooctanone which proceeds through a ketyl intermediate:
Yokel Hero
"Yokel Hero" is the fourteenth episode of the thirty-second season of the American animated television series The Simpsons, and the 698th episode overall. It aired in the United States on Fox on March 7, 2021. The episode was directed by Rob Oliver and written by Jeff Martin & Samantha Martin.

In this episode, Homer manages Cletus as he becomes a country singing star until he gets fired when Cletus becomes successful. Albert Brooks guest-stars as Slick manager. The episode received generally positive reviews and was watched live in the United States by 1.38 million viewers.

Rob Oliver
Rob Oliver (born 1977) is a director for The Simpsons.  He has also been a character layout artist, storyboard artist, assistant director, second unit director, and technical director over the course of his long career on the show. He graduated from Owosso (MI) High School in 1995, and the next year he was hired to draw characters on The Simpsons.  He has worked on hundreds of episodes.  Rob has also worked on Simpsons commercials, DVD menus, DVD boxes, and consumer products for the brand.  His Renault Kangoo commercial was a mix of live-action and animation.  
Received an Emmy nomination for directing "Holidays of Future Passed", an episode of The Simpsons.  He conceptualized many of the visuals for the episode himself, while storyboarding it.
Two of his artists—Charles Ragins and Dima Malanitchev—won individual Emmy awards for their work on his "Treehouse of Horror XXIV", for The Simpsons.
Correctional Reception Center
The Correctional Reception Center is a state prison for men located in Orient, Pickaway County, Ohio, opened in 1987, owned and operated by the Ohio Department of Rehabilitation and Correction.

The facility holds a maximum of 1500 inmates at various security levels.  The prison is immediately adjacent to the state's Pickaway Correctional Institution.

Ariel Castro committed suicide while incarcerated at the facility in September 2013.

Ariel Castro kidnappings
Between 2002 and 2004, Ariel Castro abducted Michelle Knight, Amanda Berry, and Gina DeJesus from the roads of Cleveland, Ohio, United States, and later held them captive in his home at 2207 Seymour Avenue in the city's Tremont neighborhood. All three young women were imprisoned at Castro's home until 2013, when Berry successfully escaped with her six-year-old daughter, to whom she had given birth while captive, and contacted the police. Police rescued Knight and DeJesus, and arrested Castro a few hours later.

Castro was charged with four counts of kidnapping and three counts of rape. He pleaded guilty to 937 criminal counts of rape, kidnapping, and aggravated murder as part of a plea bargain. He was sentenced to life imprisonment plus 1,000 years in prison without any possibility of parole. One month into his life sentence, Castro died by suicide by hanging himself with bedsheets in his prison cell.