hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Antigua and Barbuda Democratic Movement
The Antigua and Barbuda Democratic Movement (ABDM) was a political alliance in Antigua and Barbuda. It included the Antigua Democratic Labour Party and the Barbuda Democratic Movement and was led by Robert Hall.

The only general elections it contested were those of 1965. Despite receiving 20% of the vote, the alliance failed to win a seat. The alliance went on to contribute to the formation of the Progressive Labour Movement.

Robert Hall (Antiguan politician)
Sir Robert Hall (1909–1994) was a politician of Antigua and Barbuda. Hall was an opponent of the dominant Antigua Labour Party throughout his career. He was politically active mainly during Antigua and Barbuda's time as a West Indies Associated State.
Shahla Riahi
Shahla Riahi (Persian: شهلا ریاحی Šahlâ Riyâhi, 10 September 1926 – 31 December 2019) was an Iranian actress and film director.

Born in Tehran, she started stage acting in 1944 and first appeared in cinema in Golden Dreams. In 1956 she became the first Iranian woman to direct a feature, with Marjan. Her career as a film actress includes more than 72 features.

Riahi died on 31 December 2019 at the age of 93.

Marjan (film)
Marjan is a 1956 Persian language film. It was the first Persian feature film in the history of Iranian cinema to be produced and directed by a Persian woman, Shahla Riahi, a well-known actress and singer. The 110-minute 35mm, black-and-white film was produced by Arya Film. The story, written for the screen by Mohammad Asemi, concerns a tribe of gypsies that settle near a village.
Dīghajāṇu Sutta
The Dighajanu Sutta (Pali Dīghajāṇu sutta), also known as the Byagghapajja Sutta or Vyagghapajja Sutta ව්‍යග්ඝපජ්ජ සූත්‍රය, is part of the Anguttara Nikaya (AN 8.54).  For Theravadin scholars, this discourse of the Pāli Canon is one of several considered key to understanding Buddhist lay ethics. In this discourse, the Buddha instructs a householder  named Dīghajāṇu Vyagghapajja, a Koliyan householder, on eight personality traits or conditions that lead to happiness and well-being in this and future lives.

Sigālovāda Sutta
Sigālovāda Sutta is the 31st Sutta described in the Digha Nikaya ("Long Discourses of Buddha").  It is also known as the Sīgāla Sutta, the Sīgālaka Sutta, the Siṅgālovāda Sutta, the Siṅgāla Sutta, and the Sigālovāda Suttanta ("The Sigāla Homily").

Buddhaghosa has referred to this sutta as "the Vinaya [Buddhist code of discipline] of the householder."
In modern times, Bhikkhu Bodhi has identified this sutta as the "most comprehensive Nikāya text" which pertains "to the happiness directly visible in this present life."
David McVean House
David McVean House, also known as the McVean-Jones-Reeves House, is a historic home located at Scottsville in Monroe County, New York. It is a brick vernacular Federal-style house on a pargeted cut-stone foundation.  The five-by-three-bay main block is two stories in height, while the rear wing is one and one-half stories.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

Scottsville, New York
Scottsville is a village within the town of Wheatland in Monroe County, New York, United States. The population was 2,009 at the 2020 census. The village is named after an early settler, Isaac Scott, and is within the Rochester metropolitan area.
Cornelius Bongey
Cornelius Bongey (or Bungey) (died 19 September 1555) was an English Protestant martyr who was burnt at  Coventry in September 1555.

Little is known of his life, except that he was a capper (or hatmaker), and that he was accused, and did not deny, that he “did hold, maintain, argue and teach” a range of Protestant beliefs, suggesting he was a lay preacher. 
He was tried before the Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry and sentenced to death.

Bongey was burnt to death at Coventry for heresy on 20 September 1555, together with Robert Glover. They, and ten other such martyrs from the reigns of Henry VIII and Mary I, are commemorated on a memorial in the city, and are known collectively as the Coventry Martyrs.

Coventry Martyrs
The Coventry Martyrs were a disparate group of Lollard Christians executed for their beliefs in Coventry between 1512 and 1522 (seven men and two women) and in 1555 (three men). Eleven of them are commemorated by a six-metre-high (20-foot) monument, erected in 1910 in a public garden in the city, between Little Park Street and Mile Lane; and by a mosaic constructed in 1953 inside the entrance to Broadgate House in the city centre. Some of the streets in the city's Cheylesmore suburb are named after them.
John Lacey (rugby union)
John Lacey is a former Ireland A and Ireland Sevens rugby union international and current rugby union referee. As a player, Lacey spent most of career with Shannon in the All-Ireland League. He also represented Munster. As an international referee he has taken charge of matches in the Six Nations Championship, the Rugby Championship and the Rugby World Cup. He also refereed the 2013 Pro12 Grand Final and the 2015–16 and 2016–17 European Rugby Challenge Cup finals.

IRFU Interprovincial Championship
The IRFU Interprovincial Championship was a rugby union competition between the four provinces of Ireland – Ulster, Leinster, Munster and Connacht – and, for a brief period the Irish Exiles, run by the Irish Rugby Football Union.
Frank A. Hooker
Frank A. Hooker (January 16, 1844 – July 10, 1911) was an American jurist.

Born in Hartford, Connecticut, Hooker was trained to be a stonemason. He then studied at University of Michigan Law School and graduated in 1865. He practiced law in Bryan, Ohio and eventually settled in Charlotte, Michigan where he continued to practice law. Hooker served as superintendent of schools and as county attorney for Eaton County, Michigan. In 1878, Hooker was appointed a Michigan district court judge. Hooker served on the Michigan Supreme Court from 1893 until his death in 1911. Hooker was chief justice in 1893, 1902, and 1903. Hooker died suddenly of heart failure while at the New York Central Station in Auburn, New York. Hooker was on an automobile tour at the time of his death.

Charlotte, Michigan
Charlotte (/ʃɑːrˈlɒt/ shar-LOT) is a city in and the county seat of Eaton County, Michigan. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 9,299.

Charlotte is in the central portion of the county on the boundary between Eaton Township and Carmel Township but is politically independent of both. Interstate 69 serves the city and connects it to the state capital of Lansing. It is located 21 miles (34 km) from downtown Lansing.
2021 Hillcrest Primary School accident
The Hillcrest Primary School Incident was a fatal accident at the Hillcrest Primary School in Devonport, Tasmania, in which six children died and three were injured during end-of-year celebrations on the morning of 16 December 2021. The accident occurred after a jumping castle and several zorb balls lifted into the air due to a gust of wind, resulting in the children falling from approximately 10 metres (33 feet).

Inflatable castle
Inflatable castles (also called bouncy houses, bouncy castles, jumping castles, moon bounces, moonwalks, or closed inflatable trampolines) are temporary inflatable structures and buildings and similar items. They are rented for backyard and block party functions, school and church festivals and village fetes and used for recreational purposes. The growth in the use of such devices has led to a rental industry that includes inflatable slides, inflatable water slides, obstacle courses, and giant games, carnival games, and more.

Inflatable castles have been suggested as having some therapeutic value for children with certain sensory impairments, similar to ball pits.
Dayna Stephens
Dayna Stephens (born August 1, 1978) is an American jazz saxophonist and composer. In addition to leading his own group, Stephens has performed extensively with Kenny Barron, Ambrose Akinmusire, Taylor Eigsti, Julian Lage, Eric Harland, and Gerald Clayton. Stephens grew up in the San Francisco Bay Area and attended Berkeley High School. He went on to study at the Berklee School of Music and later at the Thelonious Monk Institute of Jazz.

Stephens's albums include The Timeless Now (2007), Today Is Tomorrow (2012), That Nepenthetic Place (2013), I'll Take My Chances (2013), and Peace (2014). Peace features guitarist Julian Lage, pianist Brad Mehldau, bassist Larry Grenadier, and drummer Eric Harland. Gratitude was released in 2017.

Herbie Hancock Institute of Jazz
The Herbie Hancock Institute of Jazz is a non-profit music education organization founded in 1986. Before 2019, it was known as the Thelonious Monk Institute of Jazz, but was then renamed after its longtime board chairman, Herbie Hancock.

The institute has held its International Jazz Competition annually since 1987 and offered a full scholarship graduate-level college program since 1995. It organizes free jazz education programs in public schools throughout the United States and the world “to encourage imaginative thinking, creativity, a positive self-image and respect for one’s own and others’ cultural heritage.” It is also the lead non-profit responsible for coordinating the annual celebration of International Jazz Day, a United Nations initiative.
Beaver dam
A beaver dam or beaver impoundment is a dam built by beavers; it creates a pond which protects against predators and holds food during winter. These structures modify the natural environment in such a way that the overall ecosystem builds upon the change, making beavers a keystone species and ecosystem engineers. They build prolifically at night, carrying mud with their forepaws and timber between their teeth.

Ecosystem engineer
An ecosystem engineer is any species that creates, significantly modifies, maintains or destroys a habitat. These organisms can have a large impact on species richness and landscape-level heterogeneity of an area. As a result, ecosystem engineers are important for maintaining the health and stability of the environment they are living in. Since all organisms impact the environment they live in one way or another, it has been proposed that the term "ecosystem engineers" be used only for keystone species whose behavior very strongly affects other organisms.
Rinchen Barsbold
Rinchen Barsbold (Mongolian: Ринченгийн Барсболд, Rinchyengiin Barsbold; 21 December 1935 – 28 August 2025) was a Mongolian paleontologist, geologist and an expert in vertebrate paleontology and Mesozoic stratigraphy. Most of his work was performed at the Institute of Geology in Ulaanbaatar. Barsbold was instrumental in the discovery and recovery of the Mongolian dinosaur fossil record. His work has helped to form a more complete understanding of the later stages of dinosaur evolution in Eurasia.

Therizinosauria
Therizinosaurs (ⓘ; once called segnosaurs) are an extinct group of large herbivorous theropod dinosaurs whose fossils have been mainly discovered from Cretaceous deposits in Asia and North America. Potential fragmentary remains have also been found in Jurassic deposits of Asia and Europe. Various features of the forelimbs, skull and pelvis unite these finds as both theropods and maniraptorans, making them relatives of birds. The name of the representative genus, Therizinosaurus, is derived from the Greek θερίζω (therízō, 'to reap' or 'scythe') and σαῦρος (saûros, 'lizard'). The older representative, Segnosaurus, is derived from the Latin sēgnis ('slow') and the Greek σαῦρος.
Ed Sardella
Ed Sardella is a retired news reporter who currently resides in Denver, Colorado. He graduated from Occidental College in Los Angeles, California in 1962. During his four years of undergraduate studies, he spent some time at San Diego State University working in the Broadcasting Department. He received a BA in Speech Arts from Occidental College. After graduating, Sardella served as a communications officer in the US Marine Corps for four years.

KUSA (TV)
KUSA (channel 9) is a television station in Denver, Colorado, United States, affiliated with NBC. It is owned by Tegna Inc. alongside MyNetworkTV affiliate KTVD (channel 20). The two stations share studios on East Speer Boulevard in Denver's Speer neighborhood; KUSA's transmitter is located atop Lookout Mountain, near Golden. In addition to its main studios, the station also operates a secondary studio and news bureau on Canyon Avenue in Fort Collins.
London Lakes, Tasmania
London Lakes is a rural locality in the local government area (LGA) of Central Highlands in the Central LGA region of Tasmania. The locality is about 76 kilometres (47 mi) north-west of the town of Hamilton. The 2016 census recorded a population of nil for the state suburb of London Lakes.

Central Highlands Council
Central Highlands Council is a local government body in Tasmania, encompassing the Central Highlands region of the state. Central Highlands is classified as a rural local government area and has a population of 2,144, the two largest towns are Bothwell and Hamilton.
Shirley School District
Shirley School District is a school district based in Shirley, Arkansas. The school district supports all of Shirley and portions of Fairfield Bay in northeastern Van Buren County and a minor portion of southwestern Stone County along Arkansas Highway 110.

Shirley, Arkansas
Shirley is a town in northeast Van Buren County, Arkansas, United States, along the Middle Fork of the Little Red River.  It is located on Arkansas State Highway 9 about 11 miles northeast of Clinton, Arkansas.  A one-time railroad outpost, the community today is oriented toward agriculture and recreational activities due to the river and Greers Ferry Lake.  The population was 248 as of the 2020 Census.
Luboszyce, Lubusz Voivodeship
Luboszyce [lubɔˈʂɨt͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gubin, within Krosno Odrzańskie County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland, close to the German border.

In the village there is a neo-gothic castle from 1846–1850 with an interesting landscape park, while in adjacency – an important archaeological site of Liebesitz culture from 2nd-4th centuries (remains of a village and a cemetery).

Gmina Gubin
Gmina Gubin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krosno Odrzańskie County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland, on the German border. Its seat is the town of Gubin, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 379.73 square kilometres (146.6 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 7,156.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Krzesin Landscape Park.
HMS St Lawrence (1814)
HMS St Lawrence was a 112-gun first-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy that served on Lake Ontario during the War of 1812. Built on the lake at the Royal Navy dockyard in Kingston, Upper Canada, she was the only Royal Navy ship of the line ever to be launched and operated entirely in fresh water. Constructed in 1814, the ship's arrival on the lake ended all naval action and St Lawrence finished the war having never gone into battle. Following the war, the vessel was laid up, eventually being sold in 1832 to private interests. The ship later sank and is now a recreational dive spot.

First-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, first-rate was the designation for the largest ships of the line. Originating in the Jacobean era with the designation of Ships Royal capable of carrying at least 400 men, the size and establishment of first-rates evolved over the following 250 years to eventually denote ships of the line carrying at least 80 guns across three gundecks. By the end of the eighteenth century, a first-rate carried no fewer than 100 guns and more than 850 crew, and had a measurement (burthen) tonnage of some 2,000 tons.
Dust Bowl
The Dust Bowl was a period of severe dust storms that greatly damaged the ecology and agriculture of the American and Canadian prairies during the 1930s. The phenomenon was caused by a combination of natural factors (severe drought) and human-made factors: a failure to apply dryland farming methods to prevent wind erosion, most notably the destruction of the natural topsoil by settlers in the region. The drought came in three waves: 1934, 1936, and 1939–1940, but some regions of the High Plains experienced drought conditions for as long as eight years. It exacerbated an already existing agricultural recession.

The Dust Bowl has been the subject of many cultural works, including John Steinbeck's 1939 novel The Grapes of Wrath; the Dust Bowl Ballads of Woody Guthrie; and Dorothea Lange's photographs depicting the conditions of migrants, particularly Migrant Mother, taken in 1936.

Dryland farming
Dryland farming and dry farming encompass specific agricultural techniques for the non-irrigated cultivation of crops. Dryland farming is associated with drylands, areas characterized by a cool wet season (which charges the soil with virtually all the moisture that the crops will receive prior to harvest) followed by a warm dry season. They are also associated with arid conditions, areas prone to drought and those having scarce water resources.
Ripley, New York
Ripley is a town on Lake Erie in the westernmost part of Chautauqua County, New York, United States. The population was 2,310 at the time of the 2020 census. The town was named after Eleazer Wheelock Ripley, a general in the War of 1812. There are no incorporated villages in the town, but there is one census-designated place: the hamlet of Ripley. The town is perhaps best known as being the western terminus of the New York State Thruway.

Eleazer W. Ripley
Eleazer Wheelock Ripley (April 15, 1782 – March 2, 1839) was an American soldier and politician. He fought in the War of 1812, eventually rising to the rank of brigadier general, and later served as a U.S. representative from Louisiana, from 1835 until 1839. He was also a slave owner.
Paredes, Portugal
Paredes (European Portuguese pronunciation: [pɐˈɾeðɨʃ] ⓘ) is a city and a municipality in Porto District, in northern Portugal. The population in 2021 was 84,354, in an area of 156.76 square kilometres (60.53 sq mi).

Currently, Paredes Municipality contains four cities: Paredes, Rebordosa, São Salvador de Lordelo and Gandra, being the Portuguese municipality with the most cities.

Paredes has a total of 18 parishes. The municipality is bordered on the north by the municipality of Paços de Ferreira, to the east by Lousada and Penafiel, to the southwest by Gondomar and to the west by Valongo. The municipality was created in 1836.

Porto District
Porto ([ˈpoɾtu] ⓘ) is a district located on the north-west coast of Portugal. The district capital is the city of Porto, the second largest city in the country. It is bordered by the Aveiro and Viseu districts to the south, Braga district to the north and Vila Real district to the east.

Its area is 2,395 km2 (925 sq mi) and its population is 1,817,172. In 2017, the main legal foreign populations were from Brazil (9,442), China (2,475), Ukraine (2,160), Italy (1,273), Spain (1,189), Angola (1,118), and Cape Verde (1,040). These numbers exclude those who obtained Portuguese citizenship, which is regular among recent Portuguese Brazilians or Portuguese-Africans.
Sheepwash, North Yorkshire
Sheepwash is a popular tourist spot in the North York Moors, North Yorkshire, England.  It is located on Cod Beck which flows into Cod Beck Reservoir near Osmotherley.

The name possibly derives from the fact that shepherds bring their sheep down from the surrounding moorland and wash them in the beck at the ford. The ford across the Cod Beck at Sheepwash was on an old drovers road between Scotland and the south of England known as The Hambleton Drove Road.  Most of the lower lying parts of the road have been converted into modern roads but the section across the North York Moors is still a rough upland track.

The area is bounded to the west by Scarth Wood Moor, which also lends its name to the National Trust car park at Sheepwash. In 2004 75% of parking tickets issued in Hambleton district were handed out near Sheepwash, to drivers parked incorrectly or on grassed verges.

Osmotherley, North Yorkshire
Osmotherley is a village and civil parish in the Hambleton Hills in North Yorkshire, six miles north-east of Northallerton. The village is at the western edge of the North York Moors National Park. Osmotherley is on the route of the 110-mile Cleveland Way, one of the National Trails established by Natural England.
Lung nodule
A lung nodule or pulmonary nodule is a relatively small focal density in the lung. A solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) or coin lesion, is a mass in the lung smaller than three centimeters in diameter. A pulmonary micronodule has a diameter of less than three millimetres. There may also be multiple nodules.

One or more lung nodules can be an incidental finding found in up to 0.2% of chest X-rays and around 1% of CT scans.

The nodule most commonly represents a benign tumor such as a granuloma or hamartoma, but in around 20% of cases it represents a malignant cancer, especially in older adults and smokers. Conversely, 10 to 20% of patients with lung cancer are diagnosed in this way. If the patient has a history of smoking or the nodule is growing, the possibility of cancer may need to be excluded through further radiological studies and interventions, possibly including surgical resection. The prognosis depends on the underlying condition.

Incidental imaging finding
In medical or research imaging, an incidental imaging finding (also called an incidentaloma or an incidental finding) is an unanticipated finding which is not related to the original diagnostic inquiry. As with other types of incidental medical findings, they may represent a diagnostic, ethical, and philosophical dilemma because their significance is unclear. While some coincidental findings may lead to beneficial diagnoses, others may lead to overdiagnosis that results in unnecessary testing and treatment, sometimes called the "cascade effect".

Incidental findings are common in imaging. For instance, around 1 in every 3 cardiac MRIs result in an incidental finding. The incidence is similar for chest CT scans (~30%).

As the use of medical imaging increases, the number of incidental findings also increases.
Echidna (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Echidna (/ɪˈkɪdnə/; Ancient Greek: Ἔχιδνα, romanized: Ékhidna, lit. 'she-viper', pronounced [ékʰidna]) was a monster, half-woman and half-snake, who lived alone in a cave. She was the mate of the fearsome monster Typhon and was the mother of many of the most famous monsters of Greek myth.

Theogony
The Theogony (Ancient Greek: Θεογονία, romanized: Theogonía, lit. 'the genealogy or birth of the gods') is a poem by Hesiod (8th–7th century BC) describing the origins and genealogies of the Greek gods, composed c. 730–700 BC. It is written in the epic dialect of Ancient Greek and contains 1,022 lines. It is one of the most important sources for the understanding of early Greek cosmology.
Casimir I of Kuyavia
Casimir I of Kuyavia (Polish: Kazimierz I kujawski; c. 1211 – 14 December 1267) was a Polish prince and a member of the House of Piast. He was Duke of Kujawy after 1233, ruler over Ląd from 1239-1261, ruler over Wyszogród after 1242, Duke of Sieradz from 1247-1261, Duke of Łęczyca after 1247, and Duke of Dobrzyń after 1248.

He was the second son of Konrad I of Masovia and his wife Agafia of Rus. He was probably named after his grandfather, Casimir II the Just.

Konrad I of Masovia
Konrad I of Masovia (ca. 1187/88 – 31 August 1247), from the Polish Piast dynasty, was the sixth Duke of Masovia and Kuyavia from 1194 until his death as well as High Duke of Poland from 1229 to 1232 and from 1241 to 1243.