hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Daniel Greenstein
Daniel Greenstein has played a number of roles in US and UK higher education. He was director of the "postsecondary success strategy" program at the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. In 2018, he was named the fifth chancellor of Pennsylvania's State System of Higher Education. He is also a board member of Ridge-Lane Limited Partners, a venture capital firm.

Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education
The Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE) is an American state agency of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania that oversees 10 state-owned universities. Collectively, it is the largest provider of higher education in the commonwealth. All of the schools are primarily NCAA Division II members and affiliated with the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference (PSAC).

PASSHE should not be confused with Pennsylvania's other state-funded university system, the Commonwealth System of Higher Education, which includes one land grant university (Pennsylvania State University), three historically private universities (Temple University, Lincoln University, and University of Pittsburgh), and the related campuses of the four institutions.
Botrytis elliptica
Botrytis elliptica is a necrotrophic fungal pathogen which infects species of plants in the Lilium genus, causing the disease commonly known as Lily Gray Mold.  The symptoms of Lily Gray Mold include the appearance of water-soaked spots on leaves which appear white and increase in darkness with age, ranging from gray to brown.  These spots may cover the entire leaf, complemented with a gray webbing, containing the fungal spores.  The leaves will appear wilted and branches may die back. In addition to leaves, petals, stems, and buds may be infected, and this gray webbing will eventually cover the plant, feigning the appearance of gray flowers.  Infected buds often rot.  Lily Gray Mold disease, if not properly treated, will appear each year with increasing vigor.

Lilium
Lilium (/ˈlɪliəm/ LIL-ee-əm) is a genus of herbaceous flowering plants growing from bulbs, all with large and often prominent flowers. Lilies are a group of flowering plants which are important in culture and literature in much of the world. Most species are native to the Northern Hemisphere and their range is temperate climates and extends into the subtropics. Many other plants have "lily" in their common names, but do not belong to the same genus and are therefore not true lilies. True lilies are known to be highly toxic to cats.
Treaty of Villeneuve
The Treaty of Villeneuve (1372) was the definitive agreement that ended the dispute between the House of Anjou and the House of Barcelona over the Kingdom of Sicily that began ninety years earlier in 1282. Its final form was approved by Pope Gregory XI in a bull issued  at Villeneuve-lès-Avignon on 20 August 1372, and it was ratified by Queen Joan I of Naples and King Frederick IV of Sicily on 31 March 1373 at Aversa, in Joan's kingdom, in front of the papal legate, Jean de Réveillon, Bishop of Sarlat.

Pope Gregory XI
Pope Gregory XI (Latin: Gregorius XI; born Pierre Roger de Beaufort; c. 1329 – 27 March 1378) was head of the Catholic Church from 30 December 1370 to his death, in March 1378. He was the seventh and last Avignon pope and the most recent French pope. In 1377, Gregory XI returned the papal court to Rome, ending nearly 70 years of papal residency in Avignon, in modern-day France. His death was swiftly followed by the Western Schism involving two Avignon-based antipopes.
Andrew Duggan
Andrew Duggan (December 28, 1923 – May 15, 1988) was an American character actor. His work includes 185 screen credits between 1949 and 1987 for roles in both film and television, as well a number more on stage.

The Chapman Report
The Chapman Report is a 1962 American drama film starring Shelley Winters, Jane Fonda, Claire Bloom and Glynis Johns. Directed by George Cukor, the film was produced by Darryl F. Zanuck (who previously worked at Warner Bros. Pictures until 1933) and Richard D. Zanuck. Adapted from Irving Wallace's 1960 novel of the same title, the screenplay was written by Wyatt Cooper and Don Mankiewicz.
BCD (character encoding)
BCD (binary-coded decimal), also called alphanumeric BCD, alphameric BCD, BCD Interchange Code, or BCDIC, is a family of representations of numerals, uppercase Latin letters, and some special and control characters as six-bit character codes.

Unlike later encodings such as ASCII, BCD codes were not standardized. Different computer manufacturers, and even different product lines from the same manufacturer, often had their own variants, and sometimes included unique characters. Other six-bit encodings with completely different mappings, such as some FIELDATA variants or Transcode, are sometimes incorrectly termed BCD.

Many variants of BCD encode the characters '0' through '9' as the corresponding binary values.

IBM 700/7000 series
The IBM 700/7000 series is a series of large-scale (mainframe) computer systems that were made by IBM through the 1950s and early 1960s. The series includes several different, incompatible processor architectures. The 700s use vacuum-tube logic and were made obsolete by the introduction of the transistorized 7000s. The 7000s, in turn, were eventually replaced with System/360, which was announced in 1964. However the 360/65, the first 360 powerful enough to replace 7000s, did not become available until November 1965. Early problems with OS/360 and the high cost of converting software kept many 7000s in service for years afterward.
Chemicals React
"Chemicals React" is a song written and recorded by American pop rock duo Aly & AJ, for the deluxe edition reissue of their debut album Into the Rush (2005). The Michalka sisters co-wrote the song with Antonina Armato and Tim James of production duo Rock Mafia, who also produced the track. It was the second mainstream single from Into the Rush and seventh overall single, released to radio by Hollywood Records on June 27, 2006. "Chemicals React" served as the group's debut international release. A re-recorded version of the song was released on July 22, 2022.

Into the Rush
Into the Rush is the debut studio album by American pop rock duo Aly & AJ, released by Disney-owned label Hollywood Records on August 16, 2005. The album features 14 tracks, including the singles "Rush" and "Do You Believe in Magic". A deluxe edition of the album was released in 2006 three all new songs, two new mixes of previous songs, and a bonus DVD. A vinyl reissue of the album was released in 2021.

The album generally received positive reviews from critics and became a commercial success. Into the Rush had sold over 839,000 copies and as of March 2025, it has been certified Platinum. The album sold 1,000,000 copies worldwide. The album, combined with the sales of the Deluxe Edition, became one of the top best-selling albums in the United States in 2006; Into the Rush ranked at number 112 on the Billboard 200 Albums end-of-year charts of 2006.
Line S1 (Beijing Subway)
Line S1 (Chinese: 北京地铁S1线; pinyin: běijīng dìtiě S-yī xiàn) of the Beijing Subway is a medium-low speed maglev line. It is operated by the Beijing Mass Transit Railway Operation Corporation Limited. The line was opened on 30 December 2017. It starts from Pingguoyuan in Shijingshan District and goes west towards Shichang in Mentougou District.

Shijingshan, Beijing
Shijingshan District (Chinese: 石景山区; pinyin: Shíjǐngshān Qū) is an urban district of the city of Beijing. It lies to the west of the urban core of Beijing, and is part of the Western Hills area, bordering the districts of Haidian to the northeast and east, Fengtai to the south, and Mentougou to the west. The district consists of 9 subdistricts of Beijing's city proper.

Although the hills around Yunju Temple may also be called Shijingshan, they have Chinese characters different from those of the district and hence are unrelated to Shijingshan District.

It is 86 square kilometres (33 sq mi) in area, making it one of the smaller districts in the greater urban part of Beijing (the immense Mentougou District to the west of it dwarfs Shijingshan District), and is home to 489,439 inhabitants (2000 Census). Its postal code is 100043.
Chepzi
Chepzi, also spelt Chabji and Dripuche, (Tibetan: གྲི་ཕུ་ཆེ, Wylie: gri phu che, THL: dri pu ché)
is a village and military post in  Tsamda County (Zanda County) of Tibet in China, close to the border with India's Ladakh. Chepzi is close to Chumar in Ladakh's Rupshu region. There is evidence that the people of Chumar have traditionally used the farmlands in Chepzi, and the village was included in Ladakh during the  British Raj. However, independent India excluded it from its border definition. The border has been witness to a large number of incursions by the Chinese People's Liberation Army since 2011.

Zanda County
Zanda County or Tsamda County (Tibetan: རྩ་མདའ་རྫོང, Chinese: 札达县) is a county in the Ngari Prefecture to the extreme west of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. Its seat of power is at Tholing, the former capital of the Guge kingdom. Zanda (Tsamda) was established in 1956 through a merger of Tsaparang and Daba counties.

Zanda County is bounded by India's Himachal Pradesh state to the west, Uttarakhand State to the south, Ladakh to the northwest, Gar County to the northeast and Burang County to the southeast. Ancient Zanda horse (Hipparion zandaense) skeletons have been found in Zanda County's Sutlej basin.
Custos Rotulorum of the East Riding of Yorkshire
This is a list of people who have served as Custos Rotulorum of the East Riding of Yorkshire.

Sir William Babthorpe bef. 1544–1555

Christopher Estoft bef. 1558–1566

John Vaughan bef. 1573–1577

Ralph Rokeby 1577 – aft. 1584

Thomas Knyvet, 1st Baron Knyvet bef. 1594 – aft. 1608

Sir William Constable, 1st Baronet bef. 1621–1626

Sir William Alford 1626 – aft. 1636

Sir William Strickland, 1st Baronet 1642–1646

Interregnum

Sir John Hotham, 2nd Baronet 1660–1680

John Sheffield, 3rd Earl of Mulgrave 1680–1682

Charles Seymour, 6th Duke of Somerset 1682–1687

John Sheffield, 3rd Earl of Mulgrave 1687–1689

Thomas Osborne, 1st Duke of Leeds 1689–1699

John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle 1699–1711

Peregrine Osborne, 2nd Duke of Leeds 1711–1715

Rich Ingram, 5th Viscount of Irvine 1715

Richard Boyle, 3rd Earl of Burlington 1715–1721

William Pulteney 1721–1728

For later custodes rotulorum, see Lord Lieutenant of the East Riding of Yorkshire.

William Babthorpe
Sir William Babthorpe (1489/1490–1555) was an English politician of Osgodby and Flotmanby, Yorkshire.

His family were noted Roman Catholics when this was disadvantageous. His descendants included William Banbthorpe (died 1581), Ralph Babthorpe, Grace Babthorpe (died 1635), and William Babthorpe (died 1635).
Dosunmu
Dosunmulistenⓘ (c. 1823 – 1885), referred to in British documents as Docemo, reigned as Oba of Lagos from 1853, when he succeeded his father Oba Akitoye, until his own death in  1885. He was forced to run away to Britain under the threat of force in August 1861.

Taiwo Olowo
Chief Daniel Conrad Taiwo Listenⓘ(1781 – February 20, 1901), alias Taiwo Olowo (translated as "Taiwo the Rich man"), was a trader, arms dealer, slave owner, political power broker, philanthropist and community leader in Colonial Lagos.
Geneseo
Geneseo is the name of several places in the United States:

Genesee, California, formerly Geneseo

Geneseo, New York
Geneseo (village), New York
State University of New York at Geneseo

Geneseo, Illinois

Geneseo, Kansas

Geneseo, North Dakota, in Sargent County, North Dakota

Genesee, California
Genesee (formerly Geneseo) is an unincorporated community in Plumas County, California. It lies at an elevation of 3701 feet (1128 m). Genesee is located 5 miles (8.0 km) east-southeast of Taylorsville. It is named after one of several places in New York named Genesee or Geneseo.

The Geneseo post office operated from 1865 to 1868, and again from 1880 to 1940.

Local legends sometimes use Genesee as a location for ghost stories.
1984–85 Western Football League
The 1984–85 season was the 83rd in the history of the Western Football League.

The league champions for the first time in their history were Saltash United. The champions of Division One were Portway Bristol.

Portway Bristol F.C.
Portway Bristol Football Club was a non-League association football team that played in the Western League until 1987. The team played at Shirehampton Recreation Ground in Penpole Lane.

Based in the city of Bristol, England, Portway joined the First Division of the Western League in 1976. After two mid-table finishes, they were league runners-up at the end of the 1978–79 season and won promotion to the Premier Division, where they remained for four years.

After finishing bottom of the Western League Premier Division in 1983 they had another mid-table finish in Division One, followed by two successive League titles, but as they failed to meet the minimum ground requirements for promotion they remained in the first division. They were runners-up again in 1987, but after again failing to be promoted they withdrew from the league that summer.
Marion Colored High School
The Marion Colored High School, also known as the Phelix School, is a former segregated public school, and a historic school building located at the northwest corner of Arkansas Highway 77 and Gannt Street in Sunset, Arkansas, United States.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1995.

Arkansas Highway 77
Highway 77 (AR 77, Ark. 77, and Hwy. 77) is a north–south state highway in Northeast Arkansas. The route of 66.70 miles (107.34 km) runs from US Highway 70 (US 70) in West Memphis north through small towns and agricultural areas of the Arkansas Delta to Missouri Route 108 at the Missouri state line. It is generally a low-traffic road except in West Memphis. Created during the 1926 Arkansas state highway numbering, the route was extended in the 1950s and 1960s, including along a former alignment of US 61. AR 77 does not have any spur or business routes.

Between West Memphis and Turrell, the highway is part of the Great River Road National Scenic Byway. The route is maintained by the Arkansas Department of Transportation (ArDOT).
Rancho Las Positas
Rancho Las Positas was a  8,880-acre (35.9 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day Alameda County, California given in 1839 by governor Juan Alvarado to Robert Livermore and José Noriega. Las Positas means "little watering holes" in Spanish. The rancho included the present-day city of Livermore.

José Noriega
Don José Noriega (March 19, 1796 – May 30, 1869) was a Spanish-born Californio ranchero and politician. He served as Alcalde of San José (mayor) and was a prominent landowner in the San Francisco Bay Area.
Ollie Newton
Ollie Newton (born 22 August 1988) is a New Zealand cricketer. He made his Twenty20 debut for Wellington on 6 December 2015 in the 2015–16 Georgie Pie Super Smash. He made his first-class debut for Wellington in the 2017–18 Plunket Shield season on 23 October 2017. He made his List A debut for Wellington in the 2017–18 Ford Trophy on 27 January 2018. In June 2018, he was awarded a contract with Wellington for the 2018–19 season. He was the joint-leading wicket-taker for Wellington in the 2018–19 Super Smash, with eleven dismissals in nine matches.

In June 2020, he was offered a contract by Wellington ahead of the 2020–21 domestic cricket season.

2017–18 Ford Trophy
The 2017–18 Ford Trophy was the 47th season of the official List A cricket tournament in New Zealand, and the seventh in a sponsorship deal between New Zealand Cricket and Ford Motor Company. The competition ran from 3 December 2017 to 24 February 2018. Canterbury were the defending champions.

The final round of fixtures were all abandoned due to rain. As a result, Central Districts topped the table and were joined in the final stage with Auckland, Northern Districts and Canterbury. After the preliminary final matches, Central Districts and Auckland had progressed to the tournament final.

Auckland won the tournament, beating Central Districts by six wickets in the final.
Avitus II of Clermont
Avitus II of Clermont was Bishop of Clermont from 676 to 689. He is venerated as a saint in the Eastern Orthodox Church, with a feast day on 21 February. He is described as "one of the great bishops of [his] age."

February 21 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
February 20 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - February 22

All fixed commemorations below are observed on March 6 (March 5 on leap years) by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For February 21st, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on February 8.
Marsland, Nebraska
Marsland is an unincorporated community in southwestern Dawes County, Nebraska, United States.  It lies on the Niobrara River along Nebraska Highways 2 and 71, 18 miles south of Crawford, and southwest of the city of Chadron, the county seat of Dawes County.  Its elevation is 4,160 feet (1,298 m),  and its ZIP code is 69354.

Nebraska Highway 2
Nebraska Highway 2 (N-2) is a state highway in Nebraska consisting of two discontinuous segments. The western segment begins at the South Dakota border northwest of Crawford and ends southeast of Grand Island at an intersection with Interstate 80 (I-80).  The eastern segment begins in Lincoln and ends at the Iowa border at Nebraska City.  Previously, the two segments were connected via a route shared with U.S. Highway 34 (US 34) between Grand Island and Lincoln.
Oakland Six
The Oakland Six was a six-cylinder automobile offered by the Oakland Motor Company in 1913, which had become a division of General Motors in 1909. The company's first six-cylinder auto, Oakland Six was offered in many different model names that changed every year, along with several body styles and engine displacements, until 1929, when a V8 engine was reintroduced.  In 1931 Oakland was renamed Pontiac.

When Oakland became a division of GM and introduced the Oakland Four, Oldsmobile and Buick shared bodywork and chassis of their six-cylinder models with Oakland. When Chevrolet became part of GM in 1917, Oakland chassis and bodywork were shared with Chevrolet. Manufacture of the Oakland was completed in Pontiac, Michigan.

Straight-six engine
A straight-six engine (also referred to as an inline-six engine; abbreviated I6 or L6) is a piston engine with six cylinders arranged in a straight line along the crankshaft. A straight-six engine has perfect primary and secondary engine balance, resulting in fewer vibrations than other designs of six or fewer cylinders.

Until the mid-20th century, the straight-six layout was the most common design for engines with six cylinders. However, V6 engines gradually became more common in the 1970s and by the 2000s, V6 engines had replaced straight-six engines in most light automotive applications.

Due to their high and smooth torque, simplicity and reliability, weight and space, and balanced power delivery, straight-six engines are a common power source for trucks and buses.
Newton, Brecknockshire
Newton (Welsh name Trenewydd) is a hamlet located between the market town of Brecon and the village of Llansantffraed, mid Wales, on the A40 road. It was the birthplace of the poet Henry Vaughan and his clergyman brother Thomas Vaughan (philosopher).

Thomas Vaughan (philosopher)
Thomas Vaughan (17 April 1621 − 27 February 1666) was a Welsh clergyman, philosopher, and alchemist, who wrote in English. He is now remembered for his work in the field of natural magic. He also published under the pseudonym Eugenius Philalethes.

His influences included Johannes Trithemius (1462–1516), Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa (1486–1535), Michael Sendivogius (1566–1636), and Rosicrucianism (early 17th century).
Closer to Love
"Closer to Love" is the first single from Mat Kearney's third album City of Black & White. It was released as a digital download on March 10, 2009. The song was featured in USA Today and chosen as the "Pick of the week." The music video was released on March 27, 2009.

Kearney explained to Relevant Magazine that this song is, "about dealing with the difficulties of a tough world, or maybe about the tough world we see our friends living in, or maybe it's something about the growing we are all a part of—longing for something whole and perfect—like we are just passing through this place."

Mat Kearney
Mathew William Kearney (/ˈkɑːrni/; born December 1, 1978) is an American musician born in Eugene, Oregon, and based in Nashville, Tennessee. So far, he has a total of five top 20 hits on the Adult Top 40 Chart.

Just Kids was released on February 24, 2015. The album's first single, "Heartbeat", was released on November 4, 2014. Crazytalk was released on May 4, 2018, and January Flower was released on Jan 29, 2021.
Alfonso Calalang
Alfonso Tolentino Calalang was the 3rd Governor of the Central Bank of the Philippines, serving from January 1, 1968, to January 9, 1970. He also served as President of the Chamber of Commerce of the Philippine Islands from 1961 to 1962. Calalang was a member of the Upsilon Sigma Phi fraternity.

Upsilon Sigma Phi
The Upsilon Sigma Phi (ΥΣΦ) is the oldest Greek-letter organization and fraternity in Asia. Founded in 1918, it is also the oldest student organization in continuous existence in the University of the Philippines. It has two chapters—an integrated chapter for the UP Diliman and the UP Manila campuses, and a separate one for the UP Los Baños campus.
Design rule for Camera File system
Design rule for Camera File system (DCF) is a JEITA specification (number CP-3461) which defines a file system for digital cameras, including the directory structure, file naming method, character set, file format, and metadata format. It is currently the de facto industry standard for digital still cameras. The file format of DCF conforms to the Exif specification, but the DCF specification also allows use of any other file formats.
As of 2021, the latest version of the standard was 2.0, issued in 2010.

File Allocation Table
File Allocation Table (FAT) is a file system developed for personal computers and was the default file system for the DOS and Windows 9x operating systems. Originally developed in 1977 for use on floppy disks, it was adapted for use on hard disks and other devices. The increase in disk drive capacity over time drove modifications to the design that resulted in versions: FAT12, FAT16, FAT32, and exFAT.

FAT was replaced with NTFS as the default file system on Microsoft operating systems starting with Windows XP. Nevertheless, FAT continues to be commonly used on relatively small capacity solid-state storage technologies such as USB flash drives, SD cards, MultiMediaCards (MMC) and eMMC because of its compatibility across operating systems and embedded systems, and ease of implementation.
Listed buildings in Burneston
Burneston is a civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England.  It contains eleven listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, one is at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the village of Burneston and the surrounding countryside.  Most of the listed buildings are in the village, and consist of a church, a war memorial and a tombstone in the churchyard, the walls and gateways of the churchyard, houses, former almshouses, and a telephone kiosk.  Outside the village are a farmhouse with outbuildings, and a bridge.

Burneston
Burneston is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England.  According to the 2001 Census it had a population of 244, increasing to 311 at the 2011 Census. The village is close to the A1(M) road and is about 4 miles (6 km) south-east of Bedale.