hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Julia gens
The gens Julia was one of the most prominent patrician families of ancient Rome. From the early decades of the Republic, members of this gens served in the highest offices of the Roman state, beginning with Gaius Julius Iulus, consul in 489 BC. However, the Julii are perhaps best known for Gaius Julius Caesar, the dictator and adoptive father of the emperor Augustus, through whom the name was passed to the Julio-Claudian dynasty of the first century AD. The nomen Julius became very common in imperial times, as the descendants of persons enrolled as citizens under the early emperors began to make their mark in history.

Nomen gentilicium
The nomen gentilicium (Latin pronunciation: [ɡɛntiːˈlikiũ]; or simply nomen) was a hereditary name borne by the peoples of Roman Italy and later by the citizens of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire. It was originally the name of one's gens (family or clan) by patrilineal descent. However, as Rome expanded its frontiers and non-Roman peoples were progressively granted citizenship and concomitant nomen, the latter lost its value in indicating patrilineal ancestry.

For men, the nomen was the middle of the tria nomina ("three names"), after the praenomen and before the cognomen. For women, the nomen was often the only name used until the late Republic. For example, three members of gens Julia were Gaius Julius Caesar and his sisters Julia Major and Julia Minor ("Julia the elder" and "Julia the younger").
Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar Government Medical College, Kannauj
Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar Government Medical College, Kannauj, formerly Government Medical College Kannauj , is a government medical college located in Tirwa of Kannauj district, Uttar Pradesh, India.

The college has guidance and mentorship of Ganesh Shankar Vidyarthi Memorial Medical College.

Kannauj district
Kannauj district is an administrative district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India, along the river Ganges. The historic town of Kannauj, northwest of Kanpur, is the administrative center. The district was carved out of Farrukhabad district on 18 September 1997. The native dialect of this district is Kannauji.
Aleksandra Ziółkowska-Boehm
Aleksandra Ziółkowska-Boehm (born 15 April 1949) is a Polish-born United States–based writer and academic. She obtained her Ph.D. in humanistic studies at the Warsaw University. Her works include historical biographies, the current outlook of Native Americans, autobiographical stories of her travels, Ingrid Bergman (a relative of 
Ziółkowska-Boehm's husband, Norman Boehm), and cats.

University of Łódź
The University of Łódź (Polish: Uniwersytet Łódzki, Latin: Universitas Lodziensis) is a public research university founded in 1945 in Łódź, Poland, as a continuation of three higher education institutions functioning in Łódź in the interwar period — the Teacher Training Institute (1921–1928), the Higher School of Social and Economic Sciences (1924–1928) and the local division of the Free Polish University of Warsaw (1928–1939).

The University of Łódź is a fully accredited, state-owned, traditional university. It is one of 18 institutions of its type in Poland.

It has more than 25,000 students and 2,600 teachers. Its international cooperation includes 385 partner institutions from all over the world. A range of BA, MA, and postgraduate courses held in English as a language of instruction are offered to Polish and overseas students.
Sick Puppies
Sick Puppies are an Australian rock band formed in Sydney in 1997 by bassist Emma Anzai and singer/guitarist Shimon Moore. After releasing their debut album in 2001, the band rose to prominence in 2006 when their song "All the Same", supporting the Free Hugs Campaign, received tens of millions of views. Moore left the band acrimoniously in 2014 and was replaced by Bryan Scott. Their most recent album Wave the Bull was released in March 2025.

Rock Prophecies
Rock Prophecies is a 2009 documentary film concerning rock photographer Robert M. Knight.  It was directed by John Chester (Lost In Woonsocket, A&E's Random 1) and produced by Tim Kaiser (Seinfeld, Will and Grace).
Northamptonshire Battery, Royal Field Artillery
The Northamptonshire Battery, Royal Field Artillery was a unit of Britain's Territorial Force from 1908 to 1919. It served in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign during World War I. In World War II the battery fought in the Malayan Campaign and was captured at the Fall of Singapore.

William Cecil, 5th Marquess of Exeter
William Thomas Brownlow Cecil, 5th Marquess of Exeter (27 October 1876 – 6 August 1956), known as Lord Burghley from 1895 to 1898, was a British peer.

Exeter was the son of Brownlow Cecil, 4th Marquess of Exeter, and his wife, the former Isabella Whichcote. He was educated at Eton and Magdalene College, Cambridge. He succeeded as 5th Marquess on the death of his father on 9 April 1898.
The French Libertine
The French Libertine is an 1826 historical play by the British-based American writer John Howard Payne. Written under the title Richelieu the play originally focused on the life of the eighteenth century French aristocrat and libertine the Duke of Richelieu, a relation of the seventeenth century statesman Cardinal Richelieu. It was partly inspired by the 1796 work La Jeunesse de Richelieu by Alexandre Duval. Issues with the censor George Colman led to many changes, done by Charles Kemble who played the lead, and Richelieu was altered into the fictional Duke de Rougemont.

It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden in London on 11 February 1826. The cast included Charles Kemble as the Duke de Rougemont, James Prescott Warde as Dubois, Tyrone Power as Lamotte, John Cooper as Dorival, Louisa Chatterley as Countess de Fleury and Julia Glover as Jeanette.

John Cooper (actor)
John Cooper (1793–1870), was a British actor active between 1811 and 1859, who played in "a singularly large number of parts, some of them of leading importance" in many locations in England, Wales and Scotland.
Richard Hawkins (publisher)
Richard Hawkins (died 1633) was a London publisher of the Jacobean and Caroline eras. He was a member of the syndicate that published the Second Folio collection of Shakespeare's plays in 1632. His bookshop was in Chancery Lane, near Sergeant's Inn.

Early texts of Shakespeare's works
The earliest texts of William Shakespeare's works were published during the 16th and 17th centuries in quarto or folio format. Folios are large, tall volumes; quartos are smaller, roughly half the size. The publications of the latter are usually abbreviated to Q1, Q2, etc., where the letter stands for "quarto" and the number for the first, second, or third edition published.
Stewart Myers
Stewart Clay Myers (born 1940) is the Robert C. Merton Professor of Financial Economics at the MIT Sloan School of Management.
He is notable for his work on capital structure and innovations in capital budgeting and valuation, and has had a "remarkable influence" on both the theory and practice of corporate finance. Myers, in fact, coined the term "real option". He is the co-author with Richard A. Brealey and Franklin Allen of Principles of Corporate Finance, a widely used and cited business school textbook, now in its 11th edition. He is also the author of dozens of research articles.

Principles of Corporate Finance
Principles of Corporate Finance is a reference work on the corporate finance theory edited by Richard Brealey, Stewart Myers, Franklin Allen, and Alex Edmans. The book is one of the leading texts that describes the theory and practice of corporate finance. It was initially published in October 1980 and now is available in its 14th edition. Principles of Corporate Finance has earned loyalty both as a classroom tool and as a professional reference book.
Spyros Kyprianou
Spyros Achilleos Kyprianou (Greek: Σπύρος Αχιλλέως Κυπριανού; 28 October 1932 – 12 March 2002) was a Cypriot barrister and politician, who served as President of Cyprus from 1977 to 1988. He also served as President of the Cypriot House of Representatives from 1976 to 1977 and then again from 1996 to 2001, as well as being President of the Democratic Party, which he founded, from 1976 to 2000.

As President, he considerably expanded Cyprus' presence on the international stage. He entered office in acting capacity following the death of President Makarios III in 1977, before being elected unopposed for the rest of Makarios' term in the resulting by-election the following month. He was elected for the next full term in 1978, again unopposed, and re-elected for a second full term 1983, but lost his bid to secure a third full term in 1988.

House of Representatives (Cyprus)
The House of Representatives (Greek: Βουλή των Αντιπροσώπων Voulī́ tōn Antiprosṓpōn; Turkish: Temsilciler Meclisi) is the national unicameral legislature of the Republic of Cyprus. Members and three observers representing Armenian, Latin, and Maronite Cypriots are elected by proportional representation every five years. 30% of seats are allocated to Turkish Cypriots, but these have been vacant since 1964. The House of Representatives of Cyprus is the only legislature in the European Union within a fully presidential system.
Trinity College, Kandy
Trinity College, Kandy is a private Anglican boys' school located in Kandy, Sri Lanka. It offers both day and boarding facilities. It was founded in 1872 by British Anglican missionaries of the Church Missionary Society, modelled on British public school tradition. Trinity offers primary and secondary education and is managed by the Anglican Church of Ceylon.

Lakshman Kadirgamar
Sri Lankabhimanya Lakshman Kadirgamar, PC (Tamil: லக்ஷமன் கதிர்காமர்; Sinhala: ලක්ෂ්මන් කදිර්ගාමර්, 12 April 1932 – 12 August 2005) was a Sri Lankan lawyer. He served as Minister of Foreign Affairs of Sri Lanka from 1994 to 2001 and again from April 2004 until his assassination in August 2005. Lakshman Kadirgamar served as the President of Oxford Union in 1958–59.

He achieved international prominence in this position due to his wide-ranging condemnation of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam and his efforts to have them banned internationally. He was assassinated by an LTTE sniper in August 2005. Accounts of his views on politics and international relations, with much information about his life and career, can be found in the 2012 book Democracy, Sovereignty and Terror: Lakshman Kadirgamar on the Foundations of International Order, edited by Professor Adam Roberts.
Gnutella2
Gnutella2, often referred to as G2, is a peer-to-peer protocol developed mainly by Michael Stokes and released in 2002.

While inspired by the gnutella protocol, G2 shares little of its design with the exception of its connection handshake and download mechanics.

G2 adopts an extensible binary packet format and an entirely new search algorithm.

Furthermore, G2 has a related (but significantly different) network topology and an improved metadata system, which helps effectively to reduce fake files, such as viruses, on the network.

Gtk-gnutella
gtk-gnutella is a peer-to-peer file sharing application which runs on the gnutella network. gtk-gnutella uses the GTK+ toolkit for its graphical user interface. Released under the GNU General Public License, gtk-gnutella is free software.
Narayanganj–Demra road
Narayanganj–Demra Road is a 19 km (12 mi) regional highway located in the division of Dhaka, Bangladesh. It is one of three entryways from Dhaka to Narayanganj. It is also called Narayanganj–Adamjee–Demra Road.

Narayanganj
Narayanganj (Bengali: নারায়ণগঞ্জ, romanized: Narayongônj) is a city in central Bangladesh in the Greater Dhaka area. Narayanganj District, about 16 km (10 mi) southeast of the capital city of Dhaka. With a population of almost 1 million, it is the 5th largest city in Bangladesh. It is also a center of business and industry, especially the jute trade and processing plants, and the textile sector of the country. It is nicknamed the Dundee of Bangladesh, due to the presence of its many jute mills. (Dundee was the first industrialised 'Juteopolis' in the world.)
Jack Morelli
John Morelli (born October 26, 1962) is an American comic book letterer and author. He has designed many comic book logos. His lettering is notable for being the basis for the computer font used by John Byrne when he letters his own work.

Morelli was a staff letterer at Marvel during the 1980s, where he was known by the affectionate nickname "Squid" because he had once worked on a fishing boat.

During this time, Morelli also worked in editorial and wrote some comics, most notably the 1998 Peter Parker Annual featuring Elektra, where he created the enigmatic supervillain Silencer.

Morelli has also worked for DC Comics and Archie Comics.

In 2007, Morelli and Mark Chiarello authored Heroes of the Negro Leagues, published by Abrams, Inc., a book about the history of Negro league baseball. It was named the second best sports book of 2007 by Amazon.com.

Morelli won the 2015 Harvey Award for Best Letterer for his work on Afterlife with Archie.

Letterer
A letterer is a member of a team of comic book creators responsible for drawing the comic book's text. The letterer's use of typefaces, calligraphy, letter size, and layout all contribute to the impact of the comic-book-reading experience. The letterer crafts the comic's "display lettering": the story's title lettering, creator credits, and any specialized captions that appear on the story's first page. They also craft the lettering that appears in the word balloons, also designing the various sound effects that appear within the comic book story. Many letterers also design logos for the comic book company's various titles.
WTGL
WTGL (channel 45) is a religious independent television station licensed to Leesburg, Florida, United States, serving the Orlando area. The station is locally owned by Good Life Broadcasting, and maintains studios on Skyline Drive in Lake Mary, Florida. Through a channel sharing agreement with PBS member station WUCF-TV (channel 24), the two stations transmit using WUCF-TV's spectrum from an antenna near Bithlo.

WTGL airs programming from Total Living Network, World Harvest Television and The Worship Network. Prior to mid-2010, it was affiliated with Faith TV until that network became My Family TV. That network has since moved to low-power station WSCF-LD (channel 31).

Lake Mary, Florida
Lake Mary is a suburban city that is located in the Greater Orlando metropolitan area in Seminole County, Florida, United States, and is located in Central Florida. The population was 16,798 at the 2020 census. It is the home of the 2024 Little League World Series Champions.
Siege of Marabastad
The siege of Marabastad was a siege of Fort Marabastad, in present day Limpopo, South Africa, carried out by the Boer Republic of Transvaal, starting on 11 January 1881, and ending with British surrender on 2 April 1881. It took place during the First Boer War, during which Boer forces besieged several British garrisons across the country.

First Boer War
The First Boer War (Afrikaans: Eerste Vryheidsoorlog, lit. 'First Freedom War'),  was fought from 16 December 1880 until 23 March 1881 between the United Kingdom  and Boers of the Transvaal (as the South African Republic was known while under British administration). The war resulted in a Boer victory and eventual independence of the South African Republic. The war is also known as the First Anglo–Boer War, the Transvaal War or the Transvaal Rebellion.
Tenchu Z
Tenchu Z (published in Japan as "Tenchu Senran") is an action-adventure stealth video game developed by Kei-Two and published by FromSoftware in Japan and Microsoft Game Studios worldwide for the Xbox 360 in 2006.

It is different from previous games in the series in that the player creates their own ninja characters, then builds up their skills as they play through the game rather than choosing from a small selection of pre-made characters, as they take orders from the series' previous main male character, Rikimaru. It also features four-player cooperative play through Xbox Live.

Tenchu
Tenchu is a stealth action-adventure video game series owned by Japanese game publisher FromSoftware, where the player assumes the role of a ninja in 16th-century feudal Japan. The first game in the series titled Tenchu: Stealth Assassins was developed by Japanese developer Acquire and published in 1998. Later games have also been developed by K2 and FromSoftware. The current rightsholder to the series is FromSoftware who bought the rights from Activision in 2004.

The title in Japanese literally translates in English as "Divine Retribution", with 天 (ten) meaning heaven and 誅 (chū) meaning death penalty (another translation of this phrase, Wrath of Heaven, is the title of the first PlayStation 2 entry in the series).
Unsent
"Unsent" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Alanis Morissette from her fourth studio album, Supposed Former Infatuation Junkie (1998). The lyrics were written by Morissette, who also composed the music with Glen Ballard. It was released as the album's third single on March 18, 1999. It was one of the few Junkie tracks on which she played her harmonica. Morissette directed the music video for the song. Without a chorus or hook, "Unsent" has an unconventional song structure. The lyrics consist of letters addressed to Morissette's former boyfriends and friends. The single became a moderate hit, reaching number nine in Canada, number 28 in New Zealand, and number 58 in the United States.

Josh Hopkins
William Joshua Hopkins (born September 12, 1970) is an American actor. His best known roles include Raymond Millbury on Ally McBeal (2001–2002), Grayson Ellis on Cougar Town (2009–2015), and Liam O'Connor on Quantico (2015–2016).
Pyramidal eminence
The pyramidal eminence is a hollow conical projection upon the posterior wall of the tympanic cavity of the middle ear. The stapedius muscle arises in the hollow of the eminence and its tendon exits through its apex.

The pyramidal eminence is situated inferior to the aditus to mastoid antrum, immediately inferior to the oval window (fenestra vestibuli), and anterior to the vertical portion of the facial canal. The apex of the eminence is directed anteriorly toward the oval window.

The cavity in the pyramidal eminence is prolonged inferoposteriorly anterior to the facial canal, with which it communicates by a minute aperture which transmits the nerve to the stapedius from the facial nerve (CN VII).

The space lateral to the pyramidal eminence is the facial recess, which is accessed during surgery for cochlear implant. The space medial to the pyramidal eminence is the sinus tympani.

Facial nerve
The facial nerve, also known as the seventh cranial nerve, cranial nerve VII, or simply CN VII, is a cranial nerve that emerges from the pons of the brainstem, controls the muscles of facial expression, and functions in the conveyance of taste sensations from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. The nerve typically travels from the pons through the facial canal in the temporal bone and exits the skull at the stylomastoid foramen. It arises from the brainstem from an area posterior to the cranial nerve VI (abducens nerve) and anterior to cranial nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve).

The facial nerve also supplies preganglionic parasympathetic fibers to several head and neck ganglia.

The facial and intermediate nerves can be collectively referred to as the nervus intermediofacialis.
Clarke Reed
Clarke Thomas Reed Sr. (August 4, 1928 – December 8, 2024) was an American businessman and politician. He served as Chairman of the Mississippi Republican Party from 1966 to 1976. Prior to his political career, Reed was an agricultural businessman and a graduate in economics.

Reed was widely credited for strengthening the Republican Party's influence and eventual dominance in the Southern United States. He was also noted for his support of President Gerald Ford during the 1976 Republican National Convention, which played a role in the defeat of then-Governor Ronald Reagan's candidacy for the Republican nomination.

1976 Republican Party presidential primaries
From January 6 to July 14, 1976, voters of the Republican Party chose its nominee for president in the 1976 United States presidential election. The major candidates were incumbent President Gerald Ford and former governor of California Ronald Reagan. After a series of primary elections and caucuses, neither secured a majority of the delegates before the convention.

This was the last election in which the Republican nominee was undetermined at the start of the party's national convention.
Toronto Jr. Aeros
The Toronto Jr. Aeros are a women's junior ice hockey team based in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.  They are members of the Ontario Women's Hockey League (OWHL). The Aeros are six-time OWHL regular season champions, seven-time OWHL playoff champions, and five-time Ontario Intermediate AA champions. On three occasions (2005, 2006, 2018) they won all three titles in one season.

Courtney Birchard-Kessel
Courtney Birchard-Kessel (née Birchard; born July 14, 1989) is a Canadian ice hockey coach and former player, currently serving as the head coach of the Princeton Tigers women's ice hockey team.

During her playing career, she was a member of the Canadian national ice hockey team and was a three-time IIHF Women's World Championship medallist. Her debut with Team Canada was made at the 2010 Four Nations Cup.

Birchard-Kessel was drafted 6th overall by the Brampton Thunder in the 2011 CWHL Draft.
Hanna Chang (tennis)
Hanna Chang (born February 25, 1998) is an American professional tennis player.

Chang has a career-high singles ranking of 169 by the WTA, achieved on 25 November 2024. She also has a career-high WTA doubles ranking of 265, reached on 6 June 2022.

Chang won her first W100 title at the 2021 Landisville Tennis Challenge, partnering Alexa Glatch in the doubles draw.

She reached her first WTA 125 final at the 2024 Fifth Third Charleston, losing to top seed Renata Zarazúa in straight sets.

2021 Koser Jewelers Tennis Challenge
The 2021 Koser Jewelers Tennis Challenge was a professional women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the fourteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2021 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Landisville, Pennsylvania, United States between 9 and 15 August 2021.
Benefit (album)
Benefit is the third studio album by the British rock band Jethro Tull, released in April 1970. It was the first Tull album to include pianist and organist John Evan and the last to include bass guitarist Glenn Cornick, who was fired from the band upon completion of touring for the album. It was recorded at Morgan Studios, the same studio where the band recorded its previous album Stand Up; however, they experimented with more advanced recording techniques.

Frontman Ian Anderson said that he considers Benefit to be a much darker album than Stand Up, owing to the pressures of an extensive U.S. tour and frustration with the music business.

Martin Barre
Martin Lancelot Barre (/bɑːr/; born 17 November 1946) is an English guitarist.  He was lead guitarist of British rock band Jethro Tull, with whom he recorded and toured from 1968 until the band's initial dissolution in 2011. Barre played on all of Jethro Tull's studio albums from their 1969 album Stand Up (replacing Mick Abrahams, who played on their first album) to their 2003 album The Jethro Tull Christmas Album. In the early 1990s he began a solo career, and he has recorded several albums as well as touring with his own live band.

He has also played the flute and other instruments such as the mandolin, both on stage for Jethro Tull and in his own solo work.