hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Uapaca bojeri
Uapaca bojeri, or tapia (Malagasy pronunciation: ta-pee), is a tree species endemic to Madagascar. A characteristic element of the Madagascan flora, it occurs in the central highlands, where it dominates a type of sclerophyllous forest or woodland. Tapia forest has a high ecological value due to the fauna, flora, and funga it harbours, and is of economic interest to the local population, e.g. for collection of tapia fruits, firewood, mushrooms or wild silkworms, and hunting. Local impact through fire and cutting is seen as a form of sustainable use however tapia woodlands are now found only in scattered, isolated stands totaling at most 132,255 ha. Native woody vegetation of the central highlands is increasingly replaced by grasslands, primarily due to increased fire frequency as areas are burned annually.

Borocera madagascariensis
Borocera madagascariensis is a species of lasiocampid moth endemic to coastal Madagascar. It is one of three species of silk producing moths found on the island of Madagascar. B. madagascariensis is often confused with the similar Borocera cajani, which is distributed throughout the island and whose silk is more widely used for silk production. Many publications erroneously refer to B. cajani as B. madagascariensis. It shares the common name of landibe with B. cajani. The pupae of B. madagascariensis is consumed by the people of Madagascar, and is known in Malagasy as soherina.

B. madagascariensis feeds on Cajanus cajan, Eugenia, Manihot esculenta, Prunus persica, Psidium guajava, and Uapaca bojeri.
13th Filmfare Awards
The 13th Filmfare Awards were held in 1966, honoring the best in Hindi cinema in 1965.

Himalay Ki God Mein and Waqt led the ceremony with 7 nominations each, followed by Kaajal with 6 nominations, Arzoo with 5 nominations and Khandan with 4 nominations.

The ceremony was notable as Meena Kumari set a record for the most wins for Best Actress at Filmfare, winning her 4th award for Kaajal. The record has been matched by a few actresses including Nutan, Madhuri Dixit, Kajol, Vidya Balan and Alia Bhatt. Nutan and her niece Kajol, and Bhatt are the only actresses who broke the record held by Kumari.

Waqt won 5 awards, including Best Director (for Yash Chopra) and Best Supporting Actor (for Raaj Kumar), thus becoming the most-awarded film at the ceremony.

Raaj Kumar received dual nominations for Best Supporting Actor for his performances in Kaajal and Waqt, winning for the former.

Waqt (1965 film)
Waqt (translation: Time) is a  1965 Indian Hindi-language masala film directed by Yash Chopra, produced by B. R. Chopra and written by Akhtar Mirza and Akhtar-Ul-Iman.

Released in India on 28 July 1965, the film had an ensemble cast of Sunil Dutt, Raaj Kumar, Shashi Kapoor, Sadhana Shivdasani, Sharmila Tagore, Balraj Sahni, Achala Sachdev, Rehman and Madan Puri. It pioneered the concept of Hindi films with ensemble casts.

The plot of the film re-introduced the "lost and found" formula to Hindi cinema, originally featured in the Ashok Kumar & Mumtaz Shanti starrer Kismet (1943). A happy family separated by waqt (time) goes through a series of trials trying to reunite. The film was later remade in Telugu as Bhale Abbayilu (1969) and in Malayalam as Kolilakkam (1981).
GRGDN
GRGDN is a Turkish music production and artist management company and record label based in Istanbul. The name of the company originates from the Turkish word gergedan which means rhinoceros.

It was founded in 2003 by OIART-graduated producer Haluk Kurosman and Hadi Elazzi, who had formerly worked for such companies like Sire Records (Warner Music) or Sony Music Turkey. The company has its own recording studio in Ulus, Istanbul and does the management of several renowned Turkish artists.

In 2011 Haluk Kurosman parted ways with GRGDN to become a freelance producer.

Gripin
Gripin is a Turkish rock band based in Istanbul. The members are Birol Namoğlu (vocals), Murat Başdoğan (guitar), Arda İnceoğlu (bass guitar), and İlker Baliç (drums). The band's name is derived from a flu medicine brand in Turkey.
How Old Are You (film)
How Old Are You is a 2014 Indian Malayalam-language comedy drama film directed by Rosshan Andrrews, written by Bobby Sanjay and produced by Listin Stephen. It stars Manju Warrier, Kunchacko Boban,  Kaniha, Lalu Alex and Amritha Anil. This film marks the return of Manju Warrier after a 15-year sabbatical break from the industry. The film was released on 17 May 2014. It received positive reviews from critics and was a major commercial success of the year at the box office. The movie  was remade in Tamil as 36 Vayadhinile with Jyothika.

Siddhartha Basu
Siddhartha "Babu" Basu (born 1954), widely regarded as a pioneer and "father of Indian television quizzing"  is an Indian television producer-director and quiz show host.

Over his career he has been a theatre and film actor, a documentary filmmaker, and a quiz show host (notably Quiz Time, Mastermind India, University Challenge India and Quizzer of the Year), but he is best known for creating and producing popular knowledge-based formats on Indian TV. As one profile observes, Basu is "a man of many parts", a legend of the quizzing world whose work spans education, entertainment and media.

He has produced and directed a number of Indian television shows including Kaun Banega Crorepati, Dus Ka Dum, Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa, and India's Got Talent.

Basu hosts The Quizzitok Podcast on YouTube and Spotify.
Kōfuku Station
Kōfuku Station (幸福駅, Kōfuku-eki) is a closed railway station on the defunct Hiroo Line in Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan. Now owned by the Kofuku town residents' association, even after its closure in 1987, it remains a popular sightseeing spot because of its name, which means "happiness" in Japanese.

Obihiro
Obihiro (帯広市, Obihiro-shi) is a city  located in Tokachi Subprefecture, Hokkaidō, Japan.  As of 31 December 2025, the city had an estimated population of 159,294 in 90105 households, and a population density of 257 people per km2. The total area of the city is 619.34 km2 (239.13 sq mi). The next most populous municipality in Tokachi is the adjacent town of Otofuke, with less than a third of Obihiro's population.  In 2008, Obihiro was designated a "model environmental city" in Japan.
Porte Dorée station
Porte Dorée (French pronunciation: [pɔʁt dɔʁe]; lit. 'Golden Gate') is a station on Line 8 of the Paris Métro in the 12th arrondissement.

The station opened on 5 May 1931 with the extension of the line from Richelieu–Drouot to Porte de Charenton. It is named after the Porte Dorée, one of the former city gates of Paris.

Along with Porte de Bagnolet on Line 3, Porte de Pantin on Line 5, and Porte d'Italie on Line 7, it is one of the four stations on the network built at the former gates of Paris without having originally served as a terminus.

Porte de Pantin station
Porte de Pantin (Parc de la Villette) (French pronunciation: [pɔʁt də pɑ̃tɛ̃ paʁk də la vilɛt]) is a station of the Paris Métro, serving line 5. It is named after the nearby avenue de la Porte de Pantin, on the edge of Paris leading to the town of Pantin. It was in turn named after the nearby Porte de Pantin, one of the former gates of Paris. The station's name has been subtitled Parc de la Villette since the creation of the eponymous park in 1987 on the site of the former slaughterhouses of La Villette to the north of the station which closed in 1974.
Erdogan–Chatwin equation
In fluid dynamics, Erdogan–Chatwin equation is a nonlinear diffusion equation for the scalar field, that accounts for shear-induced dispersion due to horizontal buoyancy forces. The equation was named after M. Emin Erdogan and Phillip C. Chatwin, who derived the equation in 1967. The equation for the scalar field  reads

where

Suppose  is the characteristic length scale for , then the characteristic time scale is given by . And suppose  is a characteristic value for . Then, we introudce the non-dimensional variables

then the Erdogan–Chatwin equation becomes

where  is a Rayleigh number. For , the equation reduces to the linear heat equation,  and for , the equation reduces to .

Taylor dispersion
Taylor dispersion or Taylor diffusion is an apparent or effective diffusion of some scalar field arising on the large scale due to the presence of a strong, confined, zero-mean shear flow on the small scale. Essentially, the shear acts to smear out the concentration distribution in the direction of the flow, enhancing the rate at which it spreads in that direction. The effect is named after the British fluid dynamicist G. I. Taylor, who described the shear-induced dispersion for large Peclet numbers. The analysis was later generalized by Rutherford Aris for arbitrary values of the Peclet number, and hence the process is sometimes also referred to as Taylor-Aris dispersion.

The canonical example is that of a simple diffusing species in uniform Poiseuille flow through a uniform circular pipe with no-flux boundary conditions, but is relevant in many other contexts, including the spread of pollutants in rivers and of drugs in blood flow and rivulet flow.
R... Rajkumar
R... Rajkumar is a 2013 Indian Hindi-language romantic action film written and directed by Prabhu Deva and produced by Viki Rajani and Sunil Lulla under Next Gen Films.  The film stars Shahid Kapoor, Sonakshi Sinha and Sonu Sood in the lead roles, alongside Ashish Vidyarthi, Asrani, Mukul Dev and Srihari.

R... Rajkumar was released on 6 December 2013 to mixed reviews from critics, but became a commercial success with a worldwide gross of over ₹100 crore (US$12 million) at the box office.

Mukul Dev
Mukul Dev Kaushal (/ˈmʊkʊl dɛv ˈkaʊʃəl/; 17 September 1970 – 23 May 2025) was an Indian television and film actor. He was renowned for his roles in Hindi and Punjabi films, TV series, and music albums, and also appeared in Bengali, Malayalam, Kannada, and Telugu films.
Oleksiy Mustafin
Oleksiy Mustafin (Ukrainian: Олексій Мустафін; born 23 May 1971) is a Ukrainian media-manager, journalist, and politician.

Born in Kyiv, in the Ukrainian SSR of the Soviet Union (in present-day Ukraine), Mustafin graduated from the Kyiv Pedagogical University, which he attended from 1988 to 1993.

Since 1993, Mustafin has been working as journalist of the UNIAN-weekly, Post-Postup and Den newspapers. From 1994 to 1997 he was a reporter on the weekly television show “Pislyamova” where he was also editor-in-chief and anchor from 2003 to 2004. Other media activities include head of the world news department for 1+1 TV channel in 1997, and deputy-chief and chief-editor positions for  Inter TV channel from 1998 to 2001. Since January 2006 Mustafin has been chief–editor for STB TV channel.

Inter (TV channel)
Inter (Ukrainian: Інтер) is a Ukrainian television channel. It covers 99.7 percent of Ukraine's territory. According to the Kyiv Post, it is among the most-watched television channels in Ukraine.

Since February 26, 2022, Inter became part of a state-coordinated United News telethon that broadcasts around the clock to provide information to the public regarding the Russo-Ukrainian War.  Since then, the broadcasting grid, program, and editorial policies have been radically changed. Inter also agreed to decode the satellite signals so that people from all over the world could see what is really happening in Ukraine.

Inter is part of Inter Media Group. At the beginning of 2025, Inter Media Group reported an increase in the performance of its channels. Inter has the largest correspondent network among Ukrainian TV channel; the channel's bureaus operate in the USA (Dmitry Anopchenko), Germany (Tetiana Logunova), Belgium and Israel.
Rhinoplasty (EP)
Rhinoplasty is an extended play record by Primus. It was released August 11, 1998, by Interscope Records and features covers of songs by artists such as Stanley Clarke,  Metallica, and Jerry Reed. The CD also features an interactive CD-ROM which includes the claymation video for "The Devil Went Down to Georgia". The 2018 digital remaster and vinyl reissue includes "The Devil Went Down to Georgia" as the eighth track.

The live version of "Tommy the Cat" is performed with "The Awakening" in the middle. The original song was by The Reddings from their 1980 album The Awakening; the song had previously been covered by Les Claypool and the Holy Mackerel on their album Highball with the Devil.

Jerry Reed
Jerry Reed Hubbard (March 20, 1937 – September 1, 2008), known professionally as Jerry Reed, was an American country singer, guitarist, composer, songwriter, and actor who appeared in more than a dozen films. His signature songs included "Guitar Man", "U.S. Male", "A Thing Called Love", "Alabama Wild Man", "Amos Moses", "When You're Hot, You're Hot" (which garnered a Grammy Award for Best Country Vocal Performance, Male), "Ko-Ko Joe", "Lord, Mr. Ford", "East Bound and Down" (the theme song for the 1977 film Smokey and the Bandit, in which Reed co-starred), "The Bird", and "She Got the Goldmine (I Got the Shaft)".

Reed was inducted into the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum. He was announced as an inductee into the Country Music Hall of Fame in April 2017, and he was officially inducted by Bobby Bare on October 24.
Batman (TV series)
Batman is an American comedy television series based on the DC Comics character of the same name. It stars Adam West as Bruce Wayne/Batman and Burt Ward as Dick Grayson/Robin—two crime-fighting heroes who defend Gotham City from a variety of archvillains. It is known for its camp style and upbeat theme music, as well as its intentionally humorous, simplistic morality aimed at its preteen audience. The 120 episodes aired on the ABC network for three seasons from January 12, 1966, to March 14, 1968, twice weekly during the first two seasons, and weekly for the third. A companion feature film was released in 1966 between the first and second seasons of the TV show.

Batman held the record for the longest-running live-action superhero television series (in terms of episodes) until it was surpassed by Smallville in 2007.

John Astin
John Allen Astin (born March 30, 1930) is an American actor and director who has appeared in numerous stage, television and film roles, primarily in character roles. He is widely known for his role as patriarch Gomez Addams in The Addams Family (1964–1966), reprising the role in the television film Halloween with the New Addams Family (1977) and the animated series The Addams Family (1992–1993).

Astin starred in the TV film Evil Roy Slade (1972). Other notable film roles include West Side Story (1961), That Touch of Mink (1962), Move Over, Darling (1963), Freaky Friday (1976), National Lampoon's European Vacation (1985), Teen Wolf Too (1987) and The Frighteners (1996). Astin was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film for his directorial debut, the comedic short Prelude (1968).

Astin has been married three times. His second wife was actress Patty Duke, and Astin is the adoptive father of Duke's son, actor Sean Astin.
The Cat That Hated People
The Cat That Hated People is a 1948 American animated short film directed by Tex Avery and produced by Fred Quimby, featuring Blackie the Cat. Blackie's voice was supplied by Patrick McGeehan in the style of Jimmy Durante; incidental music was directed by Scott Bradley. The film borrows elements from the Warner Bros.-produced Looney Tunes cartoons Porky in Wackyland and Tin Pan Alley Cats, both directed by Bob Clampett.

Porky in Wackyland
Porky in Wackyland is a 1938 Warner Bros. Looney Tunes animated short film, directed by Bob Clampett. The short was released on September 24, 1938, and stars Porky Pig venturing out to find the last do-do bird, which he finds in Wackyland, a land that makes no sense.

In 1994, Porky in Wackyland was voted No. 8 of The 50 Greatest Cartoons of all time by members of the animation field. In 2000, it was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the United States Library of Congress, which selected the short for preservation in the National Film Registry. The short's copyright was renewed in 1966.
Marble Hill, County Donegal
Marble Hill (Irish: Cnoc an Mharmair) is a townland on the north coast of County Donegal, Ireland. It is very near Dunfanaghy, being located on the shores of Sheephaven Bay, and is known for the popular Marble Hill Beach. It is sometimes spelled in English as Marblehill instead of Marble Hill.

On 16 June 1942, during the Second World War, an RAF Lockheed Hudson landed on Marble Hill Beach.  It took off from the beach again the next day following refuelling.

Dunfanaghy
Dunfanaghy (Irish: Dún Fionnachaidh, meaning 'fort of the fair field') is a small town, former fishing port, and commercial centre on the north coast of County Donegal, Ireland. It lies on Donegal's North West coast, specifically the west side of Sheephaven Bay, on the N56 road (the West Donegal Coastal Route), 30 km north-west of Letterkenny.
Sarah Hewlett
Sarah Elizabeth Hewlett OBE is an emeritus Professor of Rheumatology Nursing at the University of the West of England and expert on rheumatoid arthritis (RA). She was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in the 2019 Birthday Honours.

2019 Birthday Honours
The 2019 Queen's Birthday Honours are appointments by some of the 16 Commonwealth realms of Queen Elizabeth II to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by citizens of those countries. The Birthday Honours are awarded as part of the Queen's Official Birthday celebrations during the month of June. The Queen's Birthday Honours for the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth realms were announced on 8 June, except the honours for New Zealand that were announced on 3 June and for Australia on 10 June.
Optical coating
An optical coating is one or more thin layers of material deposited on an optical component such as a lens, prism or mirror, which alters the way in which the optic reflects and transmits light. These coatings have become a key technology in the field of optics. One type of optical coating is an anti-reflection coating, which reduces unwanted reflections from surfaces, and is commonly used on spectacle and camera lenses. Another type is the high-reflective (HR) coating, which can be used to produce mirrors that reflect greater than 99.99% of the light that falls on them. More complex optical coatings exhibit high reflection over some range of wavelengths, and anti-reflection over another range, allowing the production of dichroic thin-film filters.

Dichroism
In optics, a dichroic material refers to:

a material which causes visible light to be split up into two distinct beams of different wavelengths (colours), one of which is reflected and one of which is transmitted (not to be confused with dispersion), or

a material in which light rays having different polarization directions are absorbed differently.
Oerliker Park
47°24′53″N 8°32′17″E﻿ / ﻿47.41472°N 8.53806°E﻿ / 47.41472; 8.53806
The Oerliker Park is a public multi-purpose district park covering 188,000 square feet (17,500 m2) in Oerlikon, just to the north of Zürich. The Oerliker Park was created by the Grün Stadt Zürich in 2001 as part of the regional development project "Zentrum Zürich Nord" and was the first of four parks. The MFO-Park (2002), the Louis-Häfliger-Park (2003) and the Wahlenpark (2005) were built close-by, each of which are matched to local needs as district- and neighbourhood-parks, as well as playgrounds. Taken together, these parks embody contemporary trends of open space planning and landscape architecture. Over the course of the regional development "Zentrum Zürich Nord", the formerly urban and industrial district was given a new face.

Grün Stadt Zürich
Grün Stadt Zürich (lit. "Green City Zurich"), commonly shortened to GSZ, the Office of Parks and Open Spaces, is a division of the Civil Engineering and Waste Management Department of Swiss city of Zurich. The GSZ is responsible for creating, preserving and maintaining the city's park system, sports facilities, urban forests, cemeteries, public swimming pools and playgrounds. Ten farms, nine of which are leased out, several nature schools, the local plant nursery, the Succulent Plant Collection and the Chinagarten are also operated, as well as the Quaianlagen promenades along the shore of Lake Zurich.
Gasherbrum II
Gasherbrum II, originally surveyed as K4, is the 13th highest mountain in the world at 8,035 metres (26,362 ft) above sea level. It is the third-highest peak of the Gasherbrum massif, and is located in the Karakoram, on the border between Gilgit–Baltistan, Pakistan and Xinjiang, China. The mountain was first climbed on July 7, 1956, by an Austrian expedition which included Fritz Moravec, Josef Larch, and Hans Willenpart.

Baltoro Glacier
The Baltoro Glacier (Balti: བལྟོརོ་གངས།, romanized: Baltoro gangs, lit. 'Bone breaker';Urdu:  بالتورو گلیشیر) is a glacier located in the Shigar District of the Gilgit-Baltistan, a region in Pakistan-administered Kashmir.

The glacier lies in the Karakoram range, and is surrounded by some of the world's highest peaks, including K2 (8,611 metres (28,251 ft)), the second highest mountain on Earth, as well as three other summits above 8,000 meters within a 20-kilometre radius.

Scientific observations between 2001 and 2011 recorded visible changes in the Baltoro, especially near Concordia, where it meets the Godwin-Austen Glacier at 4,600 metres (15,100 ft). Although reductions in snow and ice cover were noted, research indicates that the glacier is not retreating but experiencing surges, shifting and flowing into neighbouring glaciers.
Izapa
Izapa is a very large pre-Columbian archaeological site located in the Mexican state of Chiapas; it is best known for its occupation during the Late Formative period.  The site is situated on the Izapa River, a tributary of the Suchiate River, near the base of the volcano Tacaná, the sixth tallest mountain in Mexico.

Mesoamerican chronology
Mesoamerican chronology divides the history of prehispanic Mesoamerica into several periods: the Paleo-Indian (first human habitation until 3500 BCE); the Archaic (before 2600 BCE), the Pre-classic or Formative (2500 BCE – 250 CE), the Classic (250–900 CE), and the Postclassic (900–1521 CE); as well as the post European contact Colonial Period (1521–1821), and Postcolonial, or the period after independence from Spain (1821–present).

The periodisation of Mesoamerica by researchers is based on archaeological, ethnohistorical, and modern cultural anthropology research dating to the early twentieth century. Archaeologists, ethnohistorians, historians, and cultural anthropologists continue to work to develop cultural histories of the region.
Zinat-un-Nissa Begum
Zinat-un-Nissa Begum (Persian: زینت النساء بیگم; 5 October 1643 – 7 May 1721) was a Mughal princess and the second daughter of Emperor Aurangzeb and his Chief consort Dilras Banu Begum. Her father had conferred upon her the honorable title of Padshah Begum.: 14, 318

Padshah Begum
Padshah Begum (Persian: پادشاه بیگم) was a superlative imperial title conferred upon the empress consort of the Mughal Empire and was considered to be the most important title in the Mughal harem or zenana. This title can be equivalent with "empress" in English, but in only approximate terms in the Mughal context.