hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Juravinski Memorial Cup
The Charles Juravinski Memorial Cup is a Grade 2 harness race for Standardbred pacers run annually at Flamboro Downs in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Set at a distance of one mile, it was first run in 1977 as the Confederation Cup Pace and through 2012 it was a race for three-year-olds. Placed on hiatus for 2013 and 2014, upon reinstatement in 2015, the Confederation Cup Pace was changed to an event for four-year-olds. The race was not contested in 2020 or 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2022, it was renamed the Charles Juravinski Memorial Cup in honour of Flamboro Downs' co-founder, Charles Juravinski, who died that year.

The Charles Juravinski Memorial Cup is the signature race of Flamboro Downs. Over the years it has attracted some of the very best horses in North America including U. S. and Canadian Hall of Fame horses Abercrombie, Cam Fella, Jate Lobell, On The Road Again, and Somebeachsomewhere.

Cam Fella
Cam Fella (May 14, 1979 – May 9, 2001) was a bay pacing horse by Most Happy Fella out of Nan Cam by Bret Hanover. He was trained and driven originally by Doug Arthur and later by Pat Crowe. His best time for the mile was 1:53.1. Cam Fella was purchased as a 2-year-old by the two Norms, Norm Clements and Norm Faulkner. He earned the nickname "The Pacing Machine" in a career wherein he became the richest standardbred of all time.
Iowa Park Consolidated Independent School District
Iowa Park Consolidated Independent School District is a public school district based in Iowa Park, Texas (USA).

Located in central Wichita County, the district extends into a small portion of northwestern Archer County. In Wichita County the district includes Iowa Park, most of Pleasant Valley, and a small portion of Wichita Falls. In addition, the district also serves the communities of Kamay and Valley View.

In 2009, the school district was rated "recognized" by the Texas Education Agency.

Valley View, Wichita County, Texas
Valley View is an unincorporated community in Wichita County, Texas, United States. It has an estimated population of 200.

Valley View is part of the Wichita Falls, Texas Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Keilor East
Keilor East or East Keilor is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 13 km (8.1 mi) north-west of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Cities of Brimbank and Moonee Valley local government areas. Keilor East recorded a population of 15,073 at the 2021 census.

Keilor East is bounded in the west by the Maribyrnong River in the City of Brimbank, in the north by the Calder Freeway, in the east by Hoffmans Road, and in the south by Buckley Street, Steele Creek and Rosehill Road.

City of Keilor
The City of Keilor was a local government area about 13 kilometres (8 mi) northwest of Melbourne, the state capital of Victoria, Australia. The city covered an area of 99.70 square kilometres (38.49 sq mi), and existed from 1863 until 1994.
Henry Dewar, 3rd Baron Forteviot
Henry Evelyn Alexander Dewar, 3rd Baron Forteviot, MBE (23 February 1906 – 25 March 1993), was a Scottish businessman. He was the son of John Dewar, 1st Baron Forteviot and Margaret Elizabeth Holland and succeeded in 1947 as Baron Forteviot from his half-brother John who died childless.

He was invested as a Member of the Order of the British Empire (M.B.E.) in 1943.

Norman Butler (polo)
Norman Butler (December 2, 1918 – October 8, 2011) was an international polo player raised and educated in England and Europe, a U.S. Navy Lieutenant as well as a thoroughbred race horse owner and breeder in Europe, where he won several classic races including the Irish 1,000 Guineas, Pretty Polly Stakes and Irish St. Leger.
Ruaridh Mollica
Ruaridh Silvio James MacGillivray-Mollica (born 14 October 1999; pronounced Rur-ee Mall-ika) is a Scottish actor, writer, and director. For his performance in the film Sebastian (2024), he was nominated for a British Independent Film Award. On television, he appeared in the Channel 5 series Witness Number 3 and the BBC Three series Red Rose (both 2022).

Mollica was named one of Screen International's 2024 Rising Stars Scotland.

Witness Number 3
Witness Number 3 is a 2022 British mystery thriller television series. Directed by Diarmuid Goggins, it was written by Thomas Eccleshare. The cast is led by Nina Toussaint-White and Sion Daniel Young. It was broadcast on Channel 5 in July 2022.
Freddie Threepwood
The Honourable Frederick Threepwood is a fictional character in the Blandings stories by P. G. Wodehouse. A member of the Drones Club affectionately known as "Freddie", he is the second son of Lord Emsworth, and a somewhat simple-minded youth who brings his father nothing but trouble.

Freddie has one brother, George, and a sister, Mildred.

Company for Gertrude
"Company for Gertrude" is a short story by P. G. Wodehouse, which first appeared in the United Kingdom in September 1928 in Strand, and in the United States in October 1928 in Cosmopolitan. Part of the Blandings Castle canon, it features the absent-minded peer Lord Emsworth, and was included in the collection Blandings Castle and Elsewhere (1935), though the story takes place sometime between the events of Leave it to Psmith (1923) and Summer Lightning (1929).
Chynhale
Chynhale is a hamlet 2 miles (3.2 km) north west of Helston, Cornwall, England, in the civil parish of Sithney.

Chynale Methodist Church was built of granite in 1879 to the design of Redruth-based architect, James Hicks. It is Grade II listed. The entrance gates, pillars and flanking walls are separately listed. The gates were cast at the Tuckingmill Foundry. The church building is closed for worship. The final church service was announced for Easter Sunday 2015. In 2022, a proposal was made to remove the church's Sweetland organ and relocate it in St Mark’s Anglican Church, Florence, Italy.

In 1911 at a public meeting presided over by the chairman of Sithney parish council it was stated that 82 children were on the roll for Chynhale School and it had capacity for 132, but the County Education Committee had decided it was to be closed.

Sithney
Sithney (Cornish: Merthersydhni) is a village and civil parish in the West of Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. Sithney is north of Porthleven. The population including Boscadjack and Crowntown at the 2011 census was 841.

It is named after Saint Sithney, the patron saint of the parish church. Saint Sithney was one of the band of Irish missionaries who came to west Cornwall. William Worcester recorded in 1478 that the body of the saint lay within the church.
Emiliano Aguirre
Emiliano Aguirre Enríquez (5 October 1925 – 11 October 2021) was a Spanish paleontologist, known for his works at archaeological site of Atapuerca, whose excavations he directed from 1978 until his retirement in 1990. He received the Prince of Asturias Award in 1997.

Archaeological site of Atapuerca
The archaeological site of Atapuerca is located in the province of Burgos in the north of Spain and is notable for its evidence of early human occupation. Bone fragments from around 800,000 years ago, found in its Gran Dolina cavern, provide the oldest known evidence of hominid settlement in Western Europe and of hominid cannibalism anywhere in the world.

It was designated a World Heritage Site in 2000.
Louise Borgia
Louise Borgia (17 May 1500 – 1553) was a French noblewoman. She was the daughter of Cesare Borgia, Duke of Valentinois, who died when she was almost seven years old. She was also Dame de Châlus suo jure, a title she inherited from her mother Charlotte of Albret and Duchess of Valentinois, suo jure. She was a member of the Third Order of Saint Dominic.

Duke of Valentinois
Duke of Valentinois (French: Duc de Valentinois; Italian: Duca Valentino) is a title of nobility, originally in the French peerage. It is currently one of the many hereditary titles claimed by the Prince of Monaco despite its extinction in French law in 1949. Though it originally indicated administrative control of the Duchy of Valentinois, based around the city of Valence, the duchy has since become part of France, making the title simply one of courtesy.

It has been created at least four times: on August 17, 1498, for Cesare Borgia, in 1548 for Diane of Poitiers, in 1642 for Prince Honoré II of Monaco, and most recently in 1715 for Prince Jacques I of Monaco.
Gucci (Bree Runway and Maliibu Miitch song)
"Gucci" is a song by British rapper and singer-songwriter Bree Runway and American rapper Maliibu Miitch, released on 23 July 2020 as the third single from Runway's debut mixtape, 2000AND4EVA, which was released on November 6, 2020 via EMI Records.

Bree Runway
Brenda Wireko Mensah (born 18 November 1992), known professionally as Bree Runway, is a British singer and rapper. She signed to EMI Records (former) in 2018 and subsequently released her first commercial EP Be Runway (2019), followed by her debut mixtape, 2000and4Eva (2020), which spawned the single "ATM" featuring Missy Elliott. Runway won the award for Best New International Act at the 2021 BET Awards, and was nominated for the 2022 Brit Award for Rising Star.
Domenici Institute
The Domenici Institute is a public policy institute at New Mexico State University named after retired Sen. Pete Domenici, New Mexico's longest-serving senator. Each year, the institute holds its Domenici Public Policy Conference, which brings together some of the best minds in the country to focus on significant national issues. The institute also holds a series of forums throughout the year focusing on public policy issues.

Pete Domenici
Pietro Vichi "Pete" Domenici (/doʊˈmɛnɪtʃi/ doh-MEN-ih-chee; May 7, 1932 – September 13, 2017) was an American attorney and politician who served as a United States senator from New Mexico from 1973 to 2009. A member of the Republican Party, he served six terms in the Senate, making him the longest-tenured U.S. Senator in the state's history. To date, Domenici is the last Republican to be elected to the Senate from New Mexico. He was succeeded by Democratic U.S. Representative Tom Udall.

During Domenici's tenure in the Senate, he advocated waterway usage fees, nuclear power and related causes. He received criticism for his environmental record and extramarital affair. Domenici chaired several key committees including the Senate Budget Committee and Senate Energy Committee.
Świątniki, Pabianice County
Świątniki (Polish pronunciation: [ɕfjɔntˈɲikʲi]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Pabianice, within Pabianice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) north-west of Pabianice and 15 km (9 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Pabianice
Gmina Pabianice is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pabianice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Pabianice, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 88.57 square kilometres (34.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,701.
Virapandianpatnam
Virapandianpattanam or Virapandianpatnam is a village on the southeastern coast of the Indian peninsula, near Thiruchendur, Thoothukudi District, Tamil Nadu. Many people were converted to Roman Catholicism there by St. Francis Xavier by 1544.

Tiruchendur
Tiruchendur (Tamil: Tiruccentūr [ˈt̪iɾɯtːʃen̪d̪uːr], also jayantipuram) is a municipality in Thoothukudi district, Tamil Nadu, India. It is home to the Arulmigu Subramaniya Swamy Temple, one of the Six Abodes of Murugan.
Church of St. Athanasius of Mouzaki
St. Athanasius of Mouzaki (Greek: Άγιος Αθανάσιος του Μουζάκη) is a Greek Orthodox church located in Kastoria, Greece. It was built in 1383–1384 by the brothers Teodor II Muzaka and Stoya Muzaka of the house of Muzaka, a noble Albanian family that controlled the city at the time, and it is dedicated to St. Athanasius. It is considered one of the most important monuments of 14th century Kastoria and is the last church built in Kastoria before its annexation by the Ottoman Empire.

Stoya Muzaka
Stoya Muzaka (Albanian: Stojë Muzaka), also known as Stoja, was an Albanian nobleman, the Lord of Kastoria,  and a member of the influential Albanian Muzaka family, which played a significant role in ruling parts of Southern Albania and Epirus.
Padovan polynomials
In mathematics, Padovan polynomials are a generalization of Padovan sequence numbers.  These polynomials are defined by:

The first few Padovan polynomials are:

The Padovan numbers are recovered by evaluating the polynomials Pn−3(x) at x = 1.

Evaluating Pn−3(x) at x = 2 gives the nth Fibonacci number plus (−1)n.  (sequence A008346 in the OEIS)

The ordinary generating function for the sequence is

Padovan sequence
In number theory, the Padovan sequence is the sequence of integers P(n) defined by the initial values:

and the recurrence relation

The first few values of P(n) are

1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 12, 16, 21, 28, 37, 49, 65, 86, 114, 151, 200, 265, ... (sequence A000931 in the OEIS)

The Padovan sequence is named after Richard Padovan who attributed its discovery to Dutch architect Hans van der Laan in his 1994 essay Dom. Hans van der Laan: Modern Primitive. The sequence was described by Ian Stewart in his Scientific American column Mathematical Recreations in June 1996. He also writes about it in one of his books, "Math Hysteria: Fun Games With Mathematics".

The above definition is the one given by Ian Stewart and by MathWorld. Other sources may start the sequence at a different place, in which case some of the identities in this article must be adjusted with appropriate offsets.
Elands River (Wilge)
The Elands River (Afrikaans: Elandsrivier) is a northward-flowing tributary of the Wilge River, part of the Vaal River basin, South Africa. Its sources are in the Mont-Aux-Sources.

This river is named the Namahadi River in its uppermost section in the area of the Fika-Patso Dam. It flows roughly northwards, through Phuthaditjhaba (Witsieshoek) and joins the left bank of the Wilge River about 27 km northwest of Harrismith.

Formerly this river had been known as Donkin River, after Rufane Shaw Donkin, who administered the Cape Colony from 1820 to 1821.

Phuthaditjhaba
Phuthaditjhaba (previously Witsieshoek), is a town in the Free State province of South Africa. It is located in a section of the Drakensberg mountains (Maloti in the Sesotho language). It borders the province of KwaZulu-Natal to the south east and the independent country of Lesotho to the south west. The town was capital of the bantustan, or homeland, of QwaQwa. When apartheid ended, the town became part of the Free State province.
Ganoderic acid
Ganoderic acids are a class of closely related triterpenoids (derivatives from lanosterol) found in Ganoderma mushrooms.  For thousands of years, the fruiting bodies of Ganoderma fungi have been used in traditional medicines in East Asia. Consequently, there have been efforts to identify the chemical constituents that may be responsible for the putative pharmacological effects.  The two most well described ganoderic acids out of the many that have been identified and characterized are ganoderic acids A and B. Some ganoderic acids have been found to possess biological activities including hepatoprotection, anti-tumor effects, and 5-alpha reductase inhibition.

5α-Reductase
5α-Reductases, also known as 3-oxo-5α-steroid 4-dehydrogenases, are enzymes involved in steroid metabolism. They participate in three metabolic pathways: bile acid biosynthesis, androgen and estrogen metabolism.  There are three isozymes of 5α-reductase encoded by the genes SRD5A1, SRD5A2, and SRD5A3.

5α-Reductases catalyze the following generalized chemical reaction:

a 3-oxo-5α-steroid + acceptor ⇌ a 3-oxo-Δ4-steroid + reduced acceptor

Where a 3-oxo-5α-steroid and acceptor are substrates, and a corresponding 3-oxo-Δ4-steroid and the reduced acceptor are products. An instance of this generalized reaction that 5α-reductase type 2 catalyzes is:

where dihydrotestosterone is the 3-oxo-5α-steroid, NADP+ is the acceptor and testosterone is the 3-oxo-Δ4-steroid and NADPH the reduced acceptor.
Judo at the 2023 East Asian Youth Games
Judo competitions were held at the 2023 East Asian Youth Games from 17 to 18 August 2023 at the Steppe Arena in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. Only athletes born between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2008 were allowed to participate.

AIC Steppe Arena
The AIC Steppe Arena (Mongolian: AIC Степпе Арена and originally Steppe Arena), is an indoor ice hockey arena in Khan Uul District, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.

The ice rink is built per proposed standards from the International Olympic Committee which provides the opportunity to host both international and continental games.
Immigration and Nationality Act Section 212(f)
Section 212(f) of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 allows the U.S. President to disallow entry of aliens deemed "detrimental to the interests of the United States". It was invoked by President Ronald Reagan in 1981 as authorization for Executive Order 12324, by Donald Trump in 2018 as authorization for Migrant Protection Protocols, and by Joe Biden in 2024 as authorization for the measures listed in A Proclamation on Securing the Border.

A Proclamation on Securing the Border
A Proclamation on Securing the Border is a directive signed by U.S. president Joe Biden. Signed on June 4, 2024, the presidential proclamation allows the president to restrict the Mexico–United States border. The proclamation implements a limit on illegal immigration, effective June 5.

By June 2024, illegal crossings reached a three-year low following four consecutive monthly drops, which senior U.S. officials attributed to increased enforcement between the United States and Mexico and the weather. They also attributed Biden's executive action as having a marked impact of reducing daily apprehensions to 2,000 from May's 3,800.
Million Dollar: Business (album)
Million Dollar: Business is the fifth studio album by Russian rap singer and musician Morgenshtern, released on May 28, 2021, on the Atlantic Records Russia label. A week earlier, the artist released the album Million Dollar: Happiness.

Morgenshtern
Alisher Tagirovich Morgenshtern (né Valeyev;; 17 February 1998), known mononymously as Morgenshtern (stylized in all caps), is a Russian rapper, hip-hop, pop and rock singer, songwriter, record producer and showman.

He first gained fame in 2017 thanks to parodies of popular music artists of the time, which he published on YouTube. In 2018, he abandoned this format and began releasing only his own music releases, building his future career exclusively on them. The artist's work is preceded by various PR campaigns, and his image, performances and various actions have repeatedly become the object of attention of the media, government officials and others.

In addition to his musical activities, Morgenstern is a co-founder of the restaurants "Kaif Provenance" and "Kaif Burger" (also a co-owner of this establishment), as well as the founder of the Internet media in Telegram "Not Morgenstern".
Coconut shy
A coconut shy (or coconut shie) is a traditional British game frequently found as a sidestall at funfairs and fêtes. The game consists of throwing wooden balls at a row of coconuts balanced on posts. Typically a player buys three balls and wins when each coconut is successfully dislodged. In some cases other prizes may be won instead of the coconuts.

The word "shy" in this context means to toss or throw.

Fête
In the United Kingdom and some of its former colonies, a fête or fete is a public festival organised to raise money for a charity, typically held outdoors. It generally includes entertainment and the sale of goods and refreshments. Fêtes are typically held annually, in the summer months.
Fahri Hamzah
Fahri Hamzah (born 10 November 1971) is an Indonesian politician and former deputy speaker of the Indonesia House of Representatives. He first became a member of the legislative body in 2004 and has been re-elected twice in the same election district.

Prosperous Justice Party
The Prosperous Justice Party (Indonesian: Partai Keadilan Sejahtera, sometimes called the Justice and Prosperity Party, Indonesian name literally translated "Party of Secure/Peaceful Justice"), frequently abbreviated to PKS, and formerly the Justice Party (Indonesian: Partai Keadilan, PK), is an Islamist political party in Indonesia.

PKS is a metamorphosis from the Justice Party (Indonesian: Partai Keadilan, PK) established in 1998. The party was originally influenced by the Muslim Brotherhood movement of Egypt, and considered an Islamist party for its calls for Islam to play a central role in public life, as well as providing political support to Indonesian and international Islamist movements such as the Islamic Defenders Front 212 Movement. Today, it is considered a nationalist Islamist party that conforms with Pancasila doctrine and no longer upholds sharia as a main goal.
Kozia Góra, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kozia Góra [ˈkɔʑa ˈɡura] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Przywidz, within Gdańsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Przywidz
Gmina Przywidz is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Gdańsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Przywidz, which lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) west of Pruszcz Gdański and 28 km (17 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 129.62 square kilometres (50.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,151.
Moral skepticism
Moral skepticism (or moral scepticism in British English) is a class of  meta-ethical theories all members of which entail that no one has any moral knowledge. Many moral skeptics also make the modal claim that moral knowledge is impossible. Moral skepticism is particularly opposed to moral realism, the view that there are knowable and objective moral truths.

Some defenders of moral skepticism include Pyrrho, Aenesidemus, Sextus Empiricus, David Hume, J. L. Mackie (1977), Friedrich Nietzsche, Richard Joyce (2001), Joshua Greene, Richard Garner, Walter Sinnott-Armstrong (2006), and James Flynn. Strictly speaking, Gilbert Harman (1975) argues in favor of a kind of moral relativism, not moral skepticism. However, he has influenced some contemporary moral skeptics.

Gilbert Harman
Gilbert Harman (May 26, 1938 – November 13, 2021) was an American philosopher, who taught at Princeton University from 1963 until his retirement in 2017.  He published widely in philosophy of language, cognitive science, philosophy of mind, ethics, moral psychology, epistemology, statistical learning theory, and metaphysics.  He and George Miller co-directed the Princeton University Cognitive Science Laboratory.  Harman taught or co-taught courses in Electrical Engineering, Computer Science, Psychology, Philosophy, and Linguistics.
Elmhurst 1925
Elmhurst 1925 (officially Elmhurst Milked, LLC) is a plant-based food and beverage company located in Elma, New York.  The company manufactures and sells non-dairy, plant-based milks made from nuts, grains, and seeds. The first four nutmilks – almond, cashew, hazelnut, and walnut – debuted at Natural Products Expo West in March 2017. A number of additional products have launched since, including their line of unsweetened plant milks made with only two or three ingredients, award winning barista editions, dairy-free creamers, and single serve ready-to-drink options.

Elma, New York
For other places with this name, see Elma.

Elma is a town in Erie County, New York, United States. The population was 11,721 at the 2020 census. The town is named after the  American elm tree.

Elma is in the county's central area, southeast of Buffalo. It is part of the Buffalo-Niagara Falls metropolitan area.