hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Humanitarian League
The Humanitarian League was a British humanitarian organisation based in London that operated from 1891 to 1919. Founded by Henry S. Salt with Edward Maitland, Ernest Bell, Howard Williams, Kenneth Romanes and Alice Lewis, it promoted a general principle of humaneness, opposing avoidable suffering to any sentient being, and pursued reforms across both human and animal concerns.

The League campaigned against capital and corporal punishment, hunting for sport and vivisection, compulsory vaccination, and for changes in criminal law and prison practices. It disseminated its views through its journals Humanity (1895–1902), The Humanitarian (1902–1919) and The Humane Review (1900–1910), as well as books, pamphlets and public meetings. Membership and activity declined during the First World War, and the organisation dissolved in 1919. Former members subsequently helped to found the League for the Prohibition of Cruel Sports (now the League Against Cruel Sports).

Edith Carrington
Edith Carrington (1853 – 23 January 1929) was an English activist and writer. She was an advocate for animal welfare and vegetarianism. Carrington was for sometime an artist and later wrote several animal stories for children. She was a vocal opponent of Eleanor Anne Ormerod's campaign seeking the extermination of the house sparrow and was an anti-vivisectionist.
Forester (schooner)
The Forester was a schooner vessel constructed in Alameda in November 1900. The construction was overseen by Captain Otto Daeweritz who served as the only captain of the vessel during the Forester's 75-year history. Although starting off as a cargo ship delivering lumber and other cargo throughout the Pacific Coast, the Forester was also famous for making trips to China, India, and Australia. By 1935 the Forester was retired from its trips on the Pacific and was settled into the mud flats of Martinez, California, in the Carquinez Strait, where it sat to rot until burning down in 1975. All that remains today is the ship's charred hull, which can be seen from the Radke Martinez Regional Shoreline.

The Forester is most famous for sailing from San Francisco to Australia in a mere seventy-five days setting a record. Before it burnt to the ground, the Forester was the last intact Schooner still in use on the Pacific Coast.

Radke Martinez Regional Shoreline
Radke Martinez Regional Shoreline (RMRS) is a regional park on the shoreline of Carquinez Strait in Martinez, located in northern Contra Costa County, California. Formerly known as the Martinez Regional Shoreline, it was renamed on December 6, 2016, in honor of Ted Radke and his wife Kathy Radke.
Regions of Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan is divided into 17 regions and 4 cities. The regions are further subdivided into districts. The four cities, Almaty, Baikonur, Shymkent, and the capital city Astana, do not belong to their surrounding regions.

The regions are also referred to as oblasts, which were one of the second-level subdivisions of the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic, a constituent republic of the Soviet Union. After gaining independence in 1991, there were 17 regions as of 1989.

On 16 March 2022, Kazakh President Kassym-Jomart Tokayev announced that three new regions would be created. Abai Region was created from East Kazakhstan Region with its capital in Semey. Ulytau Region was created from Karaganda Region with its capital in Jezkazgan. Jetisu Region was created from Almaty Region with its capital in Taldykorgan; Almaty Region's capital was moved from Taldykorgan to Qonayev.

Jezkazgan
Jezkazgan (also spelled Zhezkazgan) is a city and the administrative centre of Ulytau Region, Kazakhstan. Its urban area includes the neighbouring mining town of Satpayev, for a total city population of 148,700. Jezkazgan's population was 86,227 (2009 census results); 90,001 (1999 census results).

55% of Zhezqazghan's population are Kazakhs and 30% Russians, with smaller minorities of Ukrainians, Germans, Chechens and Koreans.
Co-orbital configuration
In astronomy, a co-orbital configuration is a configuration of two or more astronomical objects (such as asteroids, moons, or planets) orbiting at the same, or very similar, distance from their primary; i.e., they are in a 1:1 mean-motion resonance. (or 1:-1 if orbiting in opposite directions).

There are several classes of co-orbital objects, depending on their point of libration. The most common and best-known class is the trojan, which librates around one of the two stable Lagrangian points (Trojan points), L4 and L5, 60° ahead of and behind the larger body respectively. Another class is the horseshoe orbit, in which objects librate around 180° from the larger body. Objects librating around 0° are called quasi-satellites.

An exchange orbit occurs when two co-orbital objects are of similar masses and thus exert a non-negligible influence on each other. The objects can exchange semi-major axes or eccentricities when they approach each other.

(614689) 2020 XL5
(614689) 2020 XL5 (provisional designation 2020 XL5) is a near-Earth asteroid and Earth trojan discovered by the Pan-STARRS 1 survey at Haleakala Observatory, Hawaii on 12 December 2020. It oscillates around the Sun–Earth L4 Lagrangian point (leading 60°), one of the dynamically stable locations where the combined gravitational force acts through the Sun's and Earth's barycenter. Analysis of 2020 XL5's trojan orbit stability suggests it will remain around Earth's L4 point for at least four thousand years until gravitational perturbations from repeated close encounters with Venus destabilize its trojan configuration. With a diameter of about 1.2 km (0.75 mi), 2020 XL5 is the second Earth trojan discovered, after (706765) 2010 TK7 (about 300 m (980 ft) in diameter), and is the largest of its kind known.
Marlboro County, South Carolina
Marlboro County is a county located in the Pee Dee region on the northern border of the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 26,667. Its county seat is Bennettsville. The Great Pee Dee River runs through it.

Marlboro County is home to the Pee Dee Indian Tribe, a relatively small American Indian tribe that has occupied the Pee Dee region for several centuries. The tribe was officially recognized by the government of South Carolina around the beginning of the 21st century, and they have been seeking federal acknowledgment since 1976. While today the tribe consists of just over 200 enrolled members, they were once a significant cultural and political power in the region. Their influence and continual presence gave the region its Pee Dee name. Since 1976, the tribe's official seat of government has operated on land awarded to the tribe in Marlboro County.

Pee Dee
The Pee Dee is a region in the northeast corner of the U.S. state of South Carolina. It lies along the lower watershed of the Pee Dee River, which was named after the Pee Dee, an Indigenous tribe historically inhabiting the region.
Aga, Niigata
Aga (阿賀町, Aga-machi) is a town in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 November 2020, the town had an estimated population of 10,386 in 4490 households, and a population density of 11 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 952.89 square kilometres (367.91 sq mi).

Gosen, Niigata
Gosen (五泉市, Gosen-shi) is a city located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. As of 11 September 2024, the city had an estimated population of 45,916 in 19,086 households, and a population density of 138 persons per km². The total area of the city is 351.91 square kilometres (135.87 sq mi).
MS Isle of Inishmore (1996)
MS Isle of Inishmore is a ro-ro ferry owned by Irish Ferries and operated on their  Dover-Calais service. At the time of her introduction, she was the largest car ferry operating in Northern Europe. She is named after Inishmore, the largest of the Aran Islands. The name of the ferry is tautologous, since "Inishmore" derives from the Irish for "big island". Despite not being sister ships, the ship's design is copied from the Stena Line vessel Stena Jutlandica up until the superstructure.

MS Stena Jutlandica
Stena Jutlandica is a Swedish registered Passenger / Vehicle / Train ferry owned and operated by Stena Line.  The vessel operates between Gothenburg and Frederikshavn.

Stena Jutlandica is the first of two similar ships built by Van der Giessen de Noord. The second vessel operates on the Dover Straits as the Isle of Inishmore.
Alfred P. Boller
Alfred Pancoast Boller (February 23, 1840 – December 9, 1912) was a civil engineer and bridge designer. He was the chief engineer on several bridge building projects during the late 1800 and early 1900s. Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the United States, Boller graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia and from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in Troy, New York. He co-founded an engineering company, Boller & Hodge, along with Henry Wilson Hodge that was based in New York City. Boller designed the third Market Street Bridge in Williamsport, Pennsylvania, several swing bridges over the Harlem River in New York City and the East Haddam Swing Bridge in Connecticut. He was also the chief engineer of Manhattan's elevated railroads.

East Haddam Swing Bridge
The East Haddam Swing Bridge is a steel, movable (swing) truss bridge. The bridge is composed of three spans crossing the Connecticut River between Haddam, Connecticut and East Haddam, Connecticut. The bridge carries Route 82, with an average daily traffic of 11,600. At the time of its construction, it was reputed to be the longest swing bridge of its kind in the world.
Luis Roberto Guzmán
Luis Roberto Guzmán (born April 9, 1973) is a Puerto Rican actor known for his performances in Mexican telenovelas including Alborada, and for his title role in Mexican series El Pantera. Guzmán also worked on the film Ladies' Night in 2003.

Alborada (TV series)
Alborada (English: The Dawning) is a Mexican telenovela produced by Carla Estrada for Televisa in 2005. It is a historical drama set in colonial Panama and Mexico a few years before the Mexican Independence from Spain.

On Monday, October 24, 2005, Canal de las Estrellas started broadcasting Alborada weekdays at 9:00pm, replacing La esposa virgen. The last episode was broadcast on Friday, February 24, 2006 with La verdad oculta replacing it on Monday, February 27, 2006.

The series stars Lucero, Fernando Colunga, Daniela Romo, Arturo Peniche and Ernesto Laguardia.
Sfeir
Sfeir (Arabic: صفير) is a Maronite surname from Lebanon. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfredo Sfeir (born 1947), Chilean economist, spiritual leader and healer

Andree Sfeir-Semler (born 1953), art historian and gallery owner

Antoine Sfeir (1948–2018), Franco-Lebanese journalist and professor

Dahd Sfeir (1932–2015), Uruguayan actress

Jacqueline Sfeir (1956–2013), Palestinian educator and academic

Mauricio González Sfeir (born 1956), Bolivian petroleum company executive and soccer promoter

Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir (1920–2019), cardinal and patriarch of the Maronite Church

Salim Sfeir (born 1944), Lebanese – Swiss banker and financier

Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir
Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir (Moran Mor Naṣrallah Buṭrus Ṣufayr; Arabic: الكاردينال مار نصر الله بطرس صفير; Latin: Victor Petrus Sfeir; 15 May 1920 – 12 May 2019) was the 76th Maronite Catholic Patriarch of Antioch and the Whole Levant and head of the Maronite Church from 1986 to 2011. He was made a cardinal by Pope John Paul II in 1994.
Leatrice Eiseman
Leatrice Eiseman is an American color specialist, who assists companies in their color choice in a range of areas, including packaging, logos, and interior design. She is the executive director of the Pantone Color Institute, a division of Pantone, Inc., and the author of six books on color, one of which won an award from the Independent Publisher's Association.

Pantone
Pantone LLC (stylized as PANTONE) is an American limited liability company headquartered in Carlstadt, New Jersey, and best known for its Pantone Matching System (PMS), a proprietary color naming system used in a variety of industries, notably graphic design, fashion design, product design, textile industry, printing, as well as manufacturing and supporting the management of color from design to production, in physical and digital formats, across coated paper and uncoated paper stocks, as well as cotton, polyester, nylon and plastics.

The company is a subsidiary of X-Rite, which is a subsidiary of Veralto.
Girls Marked Danger
La tratta delle bianche ("The Trade in White Women") is a 1952 Italian-language crime-melodrama film directed by Luigi Comencini. It stars Eleonora Rossi Drago, Marc Lawrence, Ettore Manni, Tamara Lees, Barbara Florian, Silvana Pampanini, and Vittorio Gassman.

In 1954, the film was released in the United States as Girls Marked Danger. For its American release, the film was dubbed in English.

Vittorio Gassman
Vittorio Gassman Knight Grand Cross OMRI (Italian pronunciation: [vitˈtɔːrjo ˈɡazman]; born Gassmann; 1 September 1922 – 29 June 2000), popularly known as Il Mattatore, was an Italian actor, director, and screenwriter.

He is considered one of the greatest Italian actors, whose career includes both important productions as well as dozens of divertissements.
Negaigoto no Mochigusare
Negaigoto no Mochigusare (願いごとの持ち腐れ; "Useless Wish") is the 48th single by AKB48, released on May 31, 2017. The title song was first performed live on NCON, a traditional school choir contest promoted by NHK, and later on other shows Minna no Uta and AKB48 Show where this song made their its TV appearances.

The single was number-one on the Oricon weekly Singles Chart, with 1,305,747 copies sold, and was also number-one the Billboard Japan Hot 100.

Tomu Muto
Tomu Mutō (Japanese: 武藤十夢, Hepburn: Mutō Tomu; born November 25, 1994 in Katsushika, Tokyo) is a Japanese tarento, actress, and former idol. She was a member of the idol group AKB48 under Team K. She is an alumna of Seijo University, where she studied economics and also earned her postgraduate degree, as well as a certified weather presenter, financial planner, disaster prevention specialist and a career counselor.
Submarine X-1
Submarine X-1 is a 1968 British war film directed by William Graham and starring James Caan and David Sumner. It was written by Donald S. Sanford and Guy Elmes based on a story by John C. Champion and Edmund H. North. It is loosely based on the Operation Source attack on the German battleship Tirpitz in 1943. Lt. Commander Richard Bolton must lead a group of midget submarines in an attack on a German battleship.

Guy Elmes
Guy Elmes (22 July 1920 – December 1998) was a British screenwriter. He served in the navy during World War Two with Louis Mountbatten and broke into films through his script The Planter's Wife which was filmed by Ken Annakin, who used Elmes on several more occasions.
Prize Fighter (play)
Prize Fighter is a play by Congolese-Australian writer Future D. Fidel.

The play concerns a talented young boxer, Isa, an orphaned Congolese refugee and former child soldier who has settled in Brisbane, confronting his past as he prepares for a national boxing title.

Prize Fighter premiered at the Roundhouse Theatre in Brisbane in September 2015, produced by La Boite Theatre Company and the Brisbane Festival. The production also played at the Belvoir St Theatre in Sydney from 6-22 January 2017, as part of the Sydney Festival.

It was nominated for Best New Australian Work, and the production Best Play, at the 2016 Helpmann Awards.

The play is published by Playlab Press.

Belvoir (theatre company)
Belvoir is an Australian theatre company based at the Belvoir St Theatre in Sydney, Australia, originally known as Company B. Its artistic director is Eamon Flack. The theatre comprises two performing spaces: the Upstairs Theatre and the smaller Downstairs Theatre.
Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina
Roanoke Rapids (/ˈroʊəˌnoʊk/) is a city in Halifax County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 15,229 at the 2020 census and is the largest community in Halifax County. It is the principal city of the Roanoke Rapids Micropolitan Statistical Area, and is also an anchor city of the Rocky Mount-Wilson-Roanoke Rapids CSA, with a total population of 297,726 as of 2018.

Rocky Mount-Wilson-Roanoke Rapids combined statistical area
The Rocky Mount-Wilson-Roanoke Rapids Combined Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of five counties in northeastern North Carolina. As of the 2010 census, the CSA had a population of 310,416, with an estimated population of 297,726 in 2018. The statistical area includes the Rocky Mount Metropolitan Statistical Area, Wilson Micropolitan Statistical Area, and Roanoke Rapids Micropolitan Statistical Area, and the counties of Nash, Wilson, Edgecombe, Halifax, Northampton.
Pirahã language
Pirahã (also spelled Pirahá, Pirahán), or Múra-Pirahã, is the indigenous language of the Pirahã people of Amazonas, Brazil. The Pirahã live along the Maici River, a tributary of the Amazon River.

Pirahã is the only surviving dialect of the Mura language; all others having died out in the last few centuries as most groups of the Mura people have shifted to Portuguese. Due to this, Pirahã can be considered its own language now, as no other Mura dialects have survived. Suspected relatives, such as Matanawi, are also extinct. Pirahã is estimated to have between 250 and 380 speakers. It is not in immediate danger of extinction, as its use is vigorous and the Pirahã community is mostly monolingual.

The Pirahã language is the subject of various controversial claims; for example, that it provides evidence against linguistic relativity. The controversy is compounded by the difficulty of learning the language; the number of linguists with field experience in Pirahã is very small.

Pirahã people
The Pirahã (Portuguese pronunciation: [piɾaˈhɐ̃]) are an indigenous people of the Amazon rainforest in Brazil. They are the sole surviving subgroup of the Mura people and are hunter-gatherers. They live mainly on the banks of the Maici River in Humaitá and Manicoré in the state of Amazonas. As of 2024, they numbered 900 individuals. The name Pirahã is an exonym; the Pirahã call themselves the Híaitíihi or Hiáitihí, roughly translated as "the straight ones".

The Pirahã speak the Pirahã language. They call any other language "crooked head". Members of the Pirahã can whistle their language, which is how Pirahã men communicate when hunting in the jungle.
NWA 75th Anniversary Show
The NWA 75th Anniversary Show (also simply called NWA 75) was a two-day professional wrestling pay-per-view event produced by the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA). It was held on August 26 and 27, 2023, at the Chase's Khorassan Ballroom in St. Louis, Missouri. It was the 13th event under the NWA Anniversary Show chronology.

The card comprised a total of 27 matches, with 14 on the first night and 13 on the second, including four matches on Night 1's pre-show and three on Night 2. In the main event for Night 1, Kamille defeated Natalia Markova in a No Limits match to retain the NWA World Women's Championship. In the main event for Night 2, EC3 defeated Tyrus in a Bullrope match to win the NWA Worlds Heavyweight Championship, resulting in Tyrus retiring from in-ring competition.

Kamille (wrestler)
Kailey Dawn Latimer (born October 24, 1992), better known by her ring name Kamille, is an American professional wrestler and former softball player, arena football player, and bodybuilder. As of February 2024, she is signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW). She is best known for her time with the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) from 2018 to 2024, where she is a former one-time NWA World Women's Champion. She also performed in Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide from 2022 to 2023.
Lloyd Moore
Lloyd David Moore (June 8, 1912 – May 18, 2008) was a NASCAR Grand National Series driver from 1949 to 1955, recording one win, 13 top-five and 23 top-ten finishes. He was born in Frewsburg, New York, USA. At the time of his death, he was the oldest living former NASCAR driver.

In 1950, Moore was a teammate of NASCAR champion Bill Rexford under car owner Julian Buesink. He was the winner of one Grand National Series race that season, at the dirt half mile Winchester Speedway in Winchester, Indiana. He finished fourth in points for the season.

Moore was honored by his hometown of Frewsburg in March 2009 with a street named in his honor.

Frewsburg, New York
Frewsburg is a hamlet and census-designated place in the town of Carroll in Chautauqua County, New York, United States. The population was 1,906 at the 2010 census. The ZIP code is 14738 and the telephone exchange (which extends past Carroll and well into South Valley and Kennedy) is 569 (in area code 716).

Frewsburg is located on U.S. Route 62, which forms the main street in the village. While not an incorporated village, Frewsburg does have a population that is larger than many villages in the region and is a significant community in the area, dwarfed only by the city of Jamestown 5 miles (8 km) to the northwest.
Photo-oxidation of polymers
In polymer chemistry, photo-oxidation (sometimes: oxidative photodegradation) is the degradation of a polymer surface due to the combined action of light and oxygen. It is the most significant factor in the weathering of plastics. Photo-oxidation causes the polymer chains to break (chain scission), resulting in the material becoming increasingly brittle. This leads to mechanical failure and, at an advanced stage, the formation of microplastics. In textiles, the process is called phototendering.

Technologies have been developed to both accelerate and inhibit this process. For example, plastic building components like doors, window frames and gutters are expected to last for decades, requiring the use of advanced UV-polymer stabilizers. Conversely, single-use plastics can be treated with biodegradable additives to accelerate their fragmentation.
Many pigments and dyes can similarly have effects due to their ability to absorb UV-energy.

Polyvinyl chloride
Polyvinyl chloride (alternatively: poly(vinyl chloride), colloquial: vinyl or polyvinyl; abbreviated: PVC) is the world's third-most widely produced synthetic polymer of plastic (after polyethylene and polypropylene). About 40 million tons of PVC are produced each year.

PVC comes in rigid (sometimes abbreviated as RPVC) and flexible forms. Rigid PVC is used in construction for pipes, doors and windows. It is also used in making plastic bottles, packaging, and bank or membership cards. Adding plasticizers makes PVC softer and more flexible. It is used in plumbing, electrical cable insulation, flooring, signage, phonograph records, inflatable products, and in rubber substitutes. With cotton or linen, it is used in the production of canvas.

Polyvinyl chloride is a white, brittle solid. It is soluble in ketones, chlorinated solvents, dimethylformamide, THF and DMAc.
National Software Testing Laboratories
National Software Testing Laboratories (NSTL) was established by serial entrepreneur Joseph Segel in 1983 to test computer software.  The company provides certification (such as WHQL and Microsoft Windows Mobile certification), quality assurance, and benchmarking services. NSTL was acquired by Intertek in 2007.

Joseph Segel
Joseph Myron Segel (January 9, 1931 – December 21, 2019) was an American entrepreneur. He was the founder of over 20 American companies, most notably QVC, an American television network, and the Franklin Mint, a producer of mail-order collectibles. Segel was named to the Direct Marketing Association's Hall of Fame in 1993. He was honored with a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Electronic Retailing Association and an honorary doctorate from Drexel University.

He was awarded the Philip H. Ward, Jr. Medal from The Franklin Institute in 1977.  In 2005, the Harvard Business School published their selection of The Greatest Business Leaders of the Twentieth Century.  Then, in 2007, the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania published their selection of The Most Influential Wharton Alumni and Faculty in the Wharton School's 125-year history. Segel was one of only 10 people who was on both of these lists.