hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Logical volume management
In computer storage, logical volume management (LVM) provides a method of allocating space on mass-storage devices that is more flexible than conventional partitioning schemes to store volumes.  In particular, a volume manager can concatenate, stripe together or otherwise combine partitions (or block devices in general) into larger virtual partitions that administrators can re-size or move, potentially without interrupting system use.

Volume management represents just one of many forms of storage virtualization; its implementation takes place in a layer in the device-driver stack of an operating system (OS) (as opposed to within storage devices or in a network).

Data striping
In computer data storage, data striping is the technique of segmenting logically sequential data, such as a file, so that consecutive segments are stored on different physical storage devices.

Striping is useful when a processing device requests data more quickly than a single storage device can provide it. By spreading segments across multiple devices which can be accessed concurrently, total data throughput is increased. It is also a useful method for balancing I/O load across an array of disks. Striping is used across disk drives in redundant array of independent disks (RAID) storage, network interface controllers, disk arrays, different computers in clustered file systems and grid-oriented storage, and RAM in some systems.
Gary Pearce (rugby)
Peter Gareth Pearce (born 11 November 1960) is a Welsh director of rugby at Hull RUFC (2000–2005), and dual-code international rugby union and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s. He played representative level rugby union (RU) for Wales, and at club level for Laugharne RFC, Bridgend RFC and Llanelli RFC, as a fly-half. i.e. number 10, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Wales, and at club level for Hull FC, Scarborough Pirates and Ryedale-York, as a stand-off, or hooker.

York Wasps
The York Wasps (known simply as York from 1868 to 1989, Ryedale-York from 1989 to 1996 and York Wasps from 1996 to 2002) was an English professional rugby league club based in York. At the start of the 2002 season, the club was dissolved. A new club, York City Knights was established to take the Wasps' place for the 2003 season.
Afjan (Qatar)
Afjan (Arabic: عفجان) is a village in western Qatar located in the municipality of Al-Shahaniya. The city of Dukhan is to the north.

Two main sections define this village: Western Afja and Eastern Afja, the former village being the larger of the two.

Al-Shahaniya
Al Shahaniya (Arabic: الشحانية, romanized: Ash Shīḩānīyah) is a municipality (3299 km2) in Qatar, with its municipal seat being a city of the same name (39 km2). Formerly in the municipality of Al Rayyan, but now an independent municipality, the municipal seat was delimited in 1988 by Law No. 22. In 2014, the cabinet ratified a draft amending provisions to the 1988 law that formalized Al Shahaniya as Qatar's eighth municipality.
Nick Zano
Nick Zano (born March 8, 1978) is an American actor. He played Vince in The WB's sitcom What I Like About You. He hosted MTV's infotainment program about the film industry Movie House as part of his work as an MTV News correspondent before he began an acting career. His recurring roles on television include Drew Pragin on Melrose Place, Pete on Happy Endings, P.J. Hillingsbrook on 90210, and Johnny on 2 Broke Girls. He also starred as a lead on the NBC sitcom One Big Happy and as Arthur Watson in the TV series Minority Report. He is best known as Dr. Nathaniel "Nate" Heywood / Steel in The CW Arrowverse, starring on Legends of Tomorrow.

Kat Dennings
Katherine Victoria Litwack (born June 13, 1986), known professionally as Kat Dennings, is an American actress. She is known for her starring roles as Max Black in the CBS sitcom 2 Broke Girls (2011–2017) and as Darcy Lewis in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) superhero films and television franchise beginning with Thor (2011).

Since making her acting debut in 2000, Dennings has appeared in films including The 40-Year-Old Virgin (2005), Big Momma's House 2 (2006), Charlie Bartlett (2007), The House Bunny (2008), Nick and Norah's Infinite Playlist (2008), Shorts (2009), Defendor (2009), and Suburban Gothic (2014).
Restraint (book)
Restraint: A New Foundation for U.S. Grand Strategy is a book that was written by Barry Posen and published in 2014 by Cornell University Press. Posen is the Ford International Professor of Political Science and director of the Security Studies Program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT).

Cornell University Press
The Cornell University Press is the university press of Cornell University, an Ivy League university in Ithaca, New York. It is currently housed in Sage House, the former residence of Henry William Sage.
Hexachloroethane
Hexachloroethane (perchloroethane) is an organochlorine compound with the chemical formula C2Cl6. Its structure is Cl3C−CCl3. It is a white or colorless solid at room temperature with a camphor-like odor. It has been used by the military in smoke compositions, such as base-eject smoke munitions (smoke grenades).

Smoke grenade
A smoke grenade is a canister-type grenade used as a signaling device, target or landing zone marking device, or as a screening device for unit movements.

Smoke grenades are generally more complex and emit a far larger amount of smoke than smoke bombs, which are a type of firework typically started with an external fuse rather than a pin. Smoke grenades often cost around US$40 compared to smoke bombs, which can often cost just a few cents. The phrase "to smoke", meaning to fake, bluff, or beat around the bush, comes from the military usage of smoke grenades to obscure and conceal movement; similarly, "pop smoke", derived from a common way of ordering the use of smoke grenades, is used as a slang term for quickly leaving a place.
Terwilliger Boulevard
Terwilliger Boulevard is a street in Portland, Oregon, U.S.  It begins at SW 6th Avenue and SW Sheridan Street south of Portland State University. It passes through the neighborhoods of Marquam Hill, Southwest Hills, and Burlingame and by Lewis and Clark College before ending at Oregon Route 43 in Lake Oswego.  For portions of its route, it is a traditional parkway through Duniway and Marquam Parks.  The land surrounding Terwilliger Boulevard is heavily wooded in nature.

The road was first planned for use as a pleasure parkway in the 1903 park plan prepared by the Olmsted Brothers. The parkway was completed in 1915.  It is named for James Terwilliger, who owned the land on which the parkway was built.  The roadway, or portions of it, were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2021.

It is the namesake of the Terwilliger curves, one of the most dangerous stretches of I-5 in Oregon, and possibly also The Simpsons character Robert Terwilliger / Sideshow Bob.

South Burlingame, Portland, Oregon
South Burlingame is a neighborhood in the Southwest section of Portland, Oregon. It is bordered by Multnomah to the west, Hillsdale and South Portland to the north, the River View Cemetery to the east, and Markham, Marshall Park, and Collins View to the south.

Interstate 5 cuts through the northern part of the neighborhood, separating the Fulton Park area from the rest of South Burlingame.
Piroctone olamine
Piroctone olamine (INN; also known as piroctone ethanolamine) is a compound sometimes used in the treatment of fungal infections. Piroctone olamine is the ethanolamine salt of the hydroxamic acid derivative piroctone. It was first synthesized in 1979 by Schwarzkopf-Henkel (Germany).

It is often used in anti-dandruff shampoo as a replacement for the commonly used compound zinc pyrithione which was banned in the EU in 2021 because of concerns for environmental toxicity.

It is structurally similar to ciclopirox and pyrithione, containing a substituted pyridine (pyridinone) group which inhibits ergosterol synthesis.

Dandruff
Dandruff is a skin condition of the scalp. Symptoms include heavy flaking and sometimes mild itchiness. It can result in social or self-esteem problems. A more severe form of the condition, which includes inflammation of the skin, is known as seborrhoeic dermatitis.

The cause is unclear, but believed to involve a number of genetic and environmental factors; the condition may worsen in the winter. It is not due to poor hygiene, and the underlying mechanism involves the excessive growth of skin cells. Diagnosis is based on symptoms.

There is no known cure for dandruff. Antifungal cream, such as ketoconazole, or the keratolytic agent salicylic acid may be used to try to improve the condition. Dandruff affects about half of adults, with males more often affected than females. In addition, people in all areas of the world are affected. Onset is usually at puberty, and it becomes less common after the age of 50.
Massachusetts's 9th congressional district
Massachusetts's 9th congressional district is located in eastern Massachusetts. It is represented by Democrat Bill Keating. With a Cook Partisan Voting Index rating of D+6, it is the least Democratic district in Massachusetts, a state with an all-Democratic congressional delegation.

Redistricting after the 2010 census eliminated Massachusetts's 10th congressional district; the 9th covers much of the old 10th's eastern portion. The district also added some Plymouth County communities from the old 4th district, and some Bristol County communities from the old 3rd and 4th districts. It eliminated a few easternmost Norfolk County communities and northernmost Plymouth County communities.

From 1963 to 2013, the 9th covered most of southern Boston, and in its latter years, it included many of Boston's southern suburbs. Most of that territory is now the 8th district.

Hanson, Massachusetts
Hanson is a town in Plymouth County, Massachusetts, United States. Part of Greater Boston, Hanson is located 20 miles (32 km) south of Boston and is one of the inland towns of the South Shore. The population was 10,639 at the 2020 census. It contains the census-designated place of the same name.
French Cancan
French Cancan (also known as Only the French Can) is a 1955 musical comedy-drama film written and directed by Jean Renoir and starring Jean Gabin, Francoise Arnoul and María Félix. It marked Renoir's return to France and to French cinema after an exile that began in 1940.

Where Renoir's previous film, The Golden Coach (1952), had celebrated the 18th-century Italian commedia dell'arte, this work is a homage to the Parisian café-concert of the 19th century, with its popular singers and dancers. Visually, the film evokes the paintings of Edgar Degas and the Impressionists, including Renoir's own father, Pierre-Auguste Renoir.

María Félix
María de los Ángeles Félix Güereña (Spanish: [maˈɾi.a ˈfeliɣs]; 8 April 1914 – 8 April 2002) was a Mexican actress and singer. Along with Pedro Armendáriz and Dolores del Río, she was one of the most successful figures of Latin American cinema in the 1940s and 1950s. Considered one of the most beautiful actresses of the Golden Age of Mexican cinema, her strong personality and taste for finesse garnered her the title of diva early in her career. She was known as La Doña, a name derived from her character in Doña Bárbara (1943), and María Bonita, thanks to the anthem composed exclusively for her as a wedding gift by her second husband, Agustín Lara. Her acting career consists of 47 films made in Mexico, Spain, France, Italy, and Argentina.
Chappaqua Central School District
The Chappaqua Central School District is a K-12 public school district in Westchester County, New York.

It includes the village of Chappaqua, New York and the census-designated place of Millwood. The district has much of New Castle Town and portions of Mount Pleasant Town.

The current superintendent of schools is Dr.  Christine Ackerman. Chappaqua Central School District is ranked 53rd Best School District in the United States by Niche.

Chappaqua, New York
Chappaqua (/ˈtʃæpəkwɑː/ CHAP-ə-kwah) is a hamlet and census-designated place in the town of New Castle, in northern Westchester County, New York, United States. It is approximately 30 miles (50 km) north of New York City. The hamlet is served by the Chappaqua station of the Metro-North Railroad's Harlem Line.

Chappaqua was founded by a group of Quakers in the 1730s and was the home of Horace Greeley, New-York Tribune editor and U.S. congressman. Chappaqua's high school is named after him.

Since the late 1990s, the 42nd president of the United States, Bill Clinton, and the 67th secretary of State, Hillary Clinton, have lived there.
Cape Town (TV series)
Cape Town (also known as Mat Joubert) is a South African-German produced TV-series based on the novel Dead Before Dying by author Deon Meyer.
The series is produced by German company all-in-production, whose head Annette Reeker bought rights 5 years before starting the production. Produced without any television channel backing it, Reeker funded the series with private earnings of about 6 million Euro and wrote the episodes on her own, with English writer Mark Needham translating them from German into English. The world premiere of the series was scheduled for June 23, 2016, on Polish channel TVN.

Dead Before Dying
Dead Before Dying is a novel written by South African novelist Deon Meyer. It was first published as Feniks in Afrikaans in 1996 before being translated by Madeleine van Biljon in 1999. The novel has been adapted into a series known as  Cape Town.
The Gnomes of Dulwich
The Gnomes of Dulwich is a lost British television sitcom originally broadcast from 12 May 1969 to 16 June 1969. Written by Jimmy Perry, the show starred Terry Scott, Hugh Lloyd, John Clive, Leon Thau, Anne de Vigier and Lynn Dalby as garden gnomes living at 25 Telegraph Road, Dulwich, London, England. The title is a reference to the term "Gnomes of Zurich".

John Clive
John Clive (6 January 1933 – 14 October 2012) was an English actor and author, known internationally for his historical and social fiction, such as KG200 and Barossa.

Clive was also an established British television and film actor. Beginning his career at the age of fourteen touring in rep, he went on to star on the West End stage, in plays such as Absurd Person Singular, The Wizard of Oz, Under Milk Wood, The Bandwagon at the Mermaid Theatre, The Winslow Boy, Young Woodley and Life with Father.

As a character actor he appeared in comic and straight acting roles in films, such as The Italian Job, Yellow Submarine, The Pink Panther Strikes Again, A Clockwork Orange and The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles. He was a member of the Carry On Team appearing in two of the Carry on series of comedy films; Carry On Abroad, and Carry On Dick  Clive was initiated into the Grand Order of Water Rats in 1988.
Peter Landrock
Peter Landrock (born August 20, 1948 in Horsens) is a Danish cryptographer and mathematician. He is known for his contributions to data encryption methods and codes. Landrock has been active since the 1970s as research scientist and faculty member for Cambridge University and the University of Aarhus and others, and was active for Microsoft and Cryptomathic. He has been visiting professor at Oxford University, Leuven University and Princeton University.

Horsens
Horsens (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhɒːsn̩s]) is a city on the east coast of the Jutland region of Denmark. It is the seat of the Horsens municipality. The city's population is 64,418 (1 January 2025) and the municipality's population is 97,921 (as of 1 January 2025), making it the 7th largest city in Denmark.

Horsens is best known for its culture and entertainment events. Horsens New Theatre is a cultural centre which holds over 200 events annually. It has managed to draw major names such as Madonna, One Direction, Paul McCartney and The Rolling Stones.
Switch-reference
In linguistics, switch-reference (SR) describes any clause-level morpheme that signals whether certain prominent arguments in 'adjacent' clauses are coreferential.  In most cases, it marks whether the subject of the verb in one clause is coreferent with that of the previous clause, or of a subordinate clause to the matrix (main) clause that is dominating it.

Kiowa language
Kiowa (English: /ˈkaɪ.oʊ.wə/ KY-oh-wə), in the language itself Ǥáuiđòᵰ:gyà (also rendered [Gáui[dòñ:gyà, 'language of the Kiowa'), is a Tanoan language spoken by the Kiowa people, primarily in Caddo, Kiowa, and Comanche counties, Oklahoma. The Kiowa tribal center is located in Carnegie. Like most North American indigenous languages, Kiowa is an endangered language.
MoneyPass
MoneyPass is an American interbank network owned by Brookfield, Wisconsin-based Fiserv, the third largest North American financial services company by revenue.

Previously, MoneyPass had been owned by Elan Financial Services, a business unit of U.S. Bank. MoneyPass provides surcharge-free ATM services to North American MoneyPass consumer/cardholders whose transactions utilize a MoneyPass supported ATM and has become the second largest surcharge free ATM network in the United States.

There are 61,000 surcharge-free MoneyPass ATMs in the United States, located at financial institutions and retail locations.

More than 95 million consumers have access to MoneyPass ATMs.

Fiserv
Fiserv, Inc. (/faɪˈsɜːrv/ fy-SURV) is an American multinational financial technology company headquartered in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The company processes debit and credit card transactions, loyalty programs, loans, electronic bill pay, wires and ACH transfers, check deposits, and ATM transactions on behalf of banking institutions. The company also produces debit and credit cards and point of sale terminals.

Customers primarily include companies in the financial services sector, including banks, savings and loan associations, credit unions, securities broker dealers, mortgage, insurance, leasing and finance companies, and retailers. In 2024, 85% of the company's revenues were from the U.S. and Canada, while 15% of revenues were from other countries. Processing represented 81% of revenues and products, including software, hardware, and physical cards, represented 19% of revenue. The company is ranked 208th on the Fortune 500 and 269th on the Forbes Global 2000.
Brown's Requiem (film)
Brown's Requiem is a 1998 American crime film written and directed by Jason Freeland. Brown's Requiem was the 1981 debut novel by noted crime author James Ellroy, and his third to be adapted to film following L.A. Confidential in 1997, and Blood on the Moon (filmed under the title Cop) in 1987.

The film premiered at the Fort Lauderdale International Film Fest in November 1998, and was not released in the United States until over a year later on February 25, 2000.

James Ellroy
Lee Earle "James" Ellroy (born March 4, 1948) is an American crime fiction writer and essayist. Ellroy has become known for a telegrammatic prose style in his most recent work, wherein he frequently omits connecting words and uses only short, staccato sentences, and in particular for the novels The Black Dahlia (1987) and L.A. Confidential (1990).
Kliniska Wielkie
Kliniska Wielkie [kliˈniska ˈvjɛlkʲɛ] (German: Groß Christinenberg) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Goleniów, within Goleniów County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 11 km (7 mi) south of Goleniów and 14 km (9 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Goleniów
Gmina Goleniów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Goleniów County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Goleniów, which lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 443.06 square kilometres (171.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 33,137 (out of which the population of Goleniów amounts to 22,448, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,689).
Monster (2018 film)
Monster is a 2018 American legal drama film directed by Anthony Mandler, from a screenplay by Radha Blank, Cole Wiley, and Janece Shaffer, based on the novel of the same name by Walter Dean Myers. It stars Kelvin Harrison Jr., Jennifer Ehle, Tim Blake Nelson, Nas, ASAP Rocky, Paul Ben-Victor, John David Washington, Jennifer Hudson, and Jeffrey Wright. Wright, Nas, and John Legend also serve as executive producers on the film.

Three years after its world premiere at the Sundance Film Festival on January 22, 2018, the film was acquired by Netflix and released on May 7, 2021. It received generally positive reviews from critics.

Anthony Mandler
Anthony Mandler is an American film, television, and music video director and photographer.

As a music video director, his most notable and frequent collaborator is Rihanna. The two have worked on sixteen music videos together throughout her career, beginning with "Unfaithful" in 2006 and most recently "Diamonds" in 2012.

He has also written and directed music videos for the Spice Girls, Jay Z, Beyoncé, Eminem, Usher, Shakira, Taylor Swift, The Killers, Selena Gomez, Justin Bieber, Christina Aguilera, Nelly Furtado, 50 Cent, Ne-Yo, Nicki Minaj, Drake, Snoop Dogg, Lenny Kravitz, Cheryl Cole, M.I.A., Mary J. Blige, fun. and Lana Del Rey.
Celje First Grammar School
The Celje First Grammar School (Slovene: I. gimnazija v Celju) is a coeducational nondenominational state secondary general education school for students aged between 15 and 19 in Celje, Slovenia. It was the first high school built in the region, established in 1808 by the Austrian Empire. Initially, the language of instruction was only German, although the great majority of the pupils came from the Slovene Lands. In 1895, the first classes with Slovene as the language of instruction were established. German nationalists in Austria-Hungary fiercely opposed this move, which resulted in a government crisis and fall of the cabinet of prince Alfred III. zu Windisch-Grätz. After the end of World War I and the formation of the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs (later Kingdom of Yugoslavia), the high school switched to Slovene as the language of instruction. During its 200-year history, many of its pupils have become prominent individuals.

Alfred III, Prince of Windisch-Grätz
Alfred III, Prince of Windisch-Grätz (German: Alfred August Karl Maria Wolfgang Erwin Fürst zu Windisch-Grätz; 31 October 1851, Prague – 23 November 1927, Tachov) was a Bohemian and Austrian nobleman, an Austro-Hungarian statesman who served as 11th Minister-President of Austria between 1893 and 1895, replacing the Count of Taaffe, who previously held this position for 14 straight years.
Broomhall House
56°02′14″N 3°29′00″W﻿ / ﻿56.03715°N 3.48325°W﻿ / 56.03715; -3.48325

Broomhall House is the family seat of the Earls of Elgin, three miles (4.8 kilometres) south-west of Dunfermline, sitting above the village of Limekilns and near the village of Charlestown, in Fife, Scotland. The building was designated as a Category A listed building in 1971.

Earl of Elgin
Earl of Elgin (/ˈɛlɡɪn/ ELG-in) is a title in the Peerage of Scotland, created in 1633 for Thomas Bruce, 3rd Lord Kinloss. He was later created Baron Bruce, of Whorlton in the County of York, in the Peerage of England on 30 July 1641. The Earl of Elgin is the hereditary Clan Chief of Clan Bruce.
RBK TV
RBC TV (Russian: РБК) is the first and only 24-hour business news television channel in Russia. It is owned and operated by the RBC Group. The channel was launched in September 2003 in partnership with the CNBC and CNN television channels.

RBK Group
The RBC Group, or RosBiznesConsulting, is a Russian media group headquartered in Moscow. It was established in 1993.

The company holds an informational agency RosBusinessConsulting, including a news web-portal, business newspaper RBK Daily, monthly business magazine RBC, and RBC TV.
Capitalization on MOEX is $44.13 million (as of 10 March 2018).