hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
United States Assistant Secretary of War
The United States assistant secretary of war was the second–ranking official within the American Department of War from 1861 to 1867, from 1882 to 1883, and from 1890 to 1940. According to the military laws of the United States, "The act of August 5, 1882 authorizing the appointment of an assistant secretary of war was repealed by the act of July 7, 1884 (23 Stat L., 331) the power conferred by the act of August 5, 1882 never having been exercised," indicating that the post was not filled between 1882 and 1883 (p. 45, footnote 2).

In 1940, the new position of United States under secretary of war replaced this position as the number-two office in the department. Assistant Secretary Robert P. Patterson became the first under secretary.

The office continued to exercise administrative duties until the department's end in 1947, when the United States Department of Defense was established.

United States Under Secretary of War
The Under Secretary of War was a position created by an act of 16 December 1940 (54 Stat. 1224). At the same time, section 5a of the National Defense Act (1920) was amended to allow the United States secretary of war to assign his responsibilities for procurement to any of his subordinates. The statute formerly assigned these responsibilities to the United States assistant secretary of war. The assistant secretary of war, Robert P. Patterson was nominated and confirmed in the post. The secretary of war delegated his responsibilities for procurement to the under secretary on 28 April 1941. By November 1941 the Office of the Under Secretary of War (OUSW) employed 1,136 people, of whom 257 were military officers and the remainder civilians.
Nehal Chudasama
Nehal Chudasama is an Indian model, actress and beauty pageant titleholder. She was crowned Miss Diva Universe 2018 and represented India at Miss Universe 2018. In 2025, she participated in Bigg Boss season 19 aired on Colors TV.

Bigg Boss (Hindi TV series) season 19
Bigg Boss 19, also known as Bigg Boss: Iss Baar Chalegi Gharwalon Ki Sarkaar, was the nineteenth season of the Indian Hindi-language reality television series Bigg Boss. It premiered on 24 August 2025 on Colors TV and streamed digitally on JioHotstar. Salman Khan hosted the show for the sixteenth consecutive season. The grand finale aired on 7 December 2025 where Gaurav Khanna  emerged as the winner and Farhana Bhatt finished as the runner-up. The season had the most successful debut in the show's history & the season went on to become one of the most successful seasons in the show's history.
Auburndale, Queens
Auburndale is an upper-middle-class neighborhood in the northern part of the New York City borough of Queens, between Bayside and Murray Hill.

The name comes from Auburndale, Massachusetts, the home of L. H. Green who developed the community starting in 1901, when the Long Island Rail Road (LIRR) started offering train service to the area. Today, the Auburndale station on the LIRR's Port Washington Branch continues to provide regular service to and from Manhattan.

Auburndale is located in Queens Community District 11 and its ZIP Code is 11358. It is patrolled by the New York City Police Department's 111th Precinct.

Queens Community Board 11
The Queens Community Board 11 is a local government in the New York City borough of Queens, encompassing the neighborhoods of Bayside, Douglaston–Little Neck, Auburndale, East Flushing, Oakland Gardens and Hollis Hills. It is delimited by Utopia Parkway to the west, 26th Avenue and Little Neck Bay to the north, the Nassau County border to the east and Horace Harding Expressway, Clearview Expressway and Grand Central Parkway to the south.
Maryland Route 458
Maryland Route 458 (MD 458) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland.  Known as Silver Hill Road, the highway runs 3.12 miles (5.02 km) from MD 5 in Silver Hill north to Walker Mill Road in District Heights. MD 458 is a four- to six-lane divided highway that connects the inner suburbs of Hillcrest Heights, Silver Hill, Suitland, and District Heights in western Prince George's County. The highway also connects those communities with the Suitland station of the Washington Metro. MD 458 was originally constructed in the early 1930s between the original alignments of MD 5 and MD 4. The route was relocated in District Heights in 1960 and widened to a divided highway in the mid-1960s. MD 458 was extended to its present southern and northern termini in the late 1960s and mid-1980s, respectively.

Suitland station
Suitland station is an island platformed Washington Metro station in Suitland, Maryland, United States. The station was opened on January 13, 2001, and is operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA). The station is located at Silver Hill Road and Suitland Parkway, providing service for only the Green Line.

Groundbreaking for the final segment of the Green Line occurred on September 23, 1995, and the station opened on January 13, 2001. Its opening coincided with the completion of approximately 6.5 miles (10.5 km) of rail southeast of the Anacostia station and the opening of the Branch Avenue, Congress Heights, Naylor Road and Southern Avenue stations.
Army Reserve Aviation Command
The Army Reserve Aviation Command (ARAC) is the headquarters command for all aviation assets in the United States Army Reserve.  It is located at Fort Knox, Kentucky and is commanded by a brigadier general.

The command consists of approximately 4,400 soldiers and 600 civilians, with 230 aircraft at facilities in 12 states. The command's assets provide air assault, air movement, air traffic services airfield management, aeromedical evacuation, combat aviation brigade reinforcement, theater aviation support, and coordination of aviation staging and onward movement to theater. It supports all Federal Emergency Management Agency regions within the United States to respond to emergencies. The command was activated in its current formation on 16 September 2016 with the following subordinate units:

Joint Base McGuire–Dix–Lakehurst
Joint Base McGuire–Dix–Lakehurst (JB MDL) is a United States military facility located 18 miles (29 km) southeast of Trenton, New Jersey. The base is the only tri-service base in the United States Department of Defense and includes units from all six armed forces branches.

The facility is an amalgamation of the United States Air Force's McGuire Air Force Base, the United States Army's Fort Dix and the United States Navy's Naval Air Engineering Station Lakehurst, which were merged on 1 October 2009.

It was established in accordance with congressional legislation implementing the recommendations of the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure Commission. The legislation ordered the consolidation of the three facilities which were adjoining, but separate military installations, into a single joint base, one of 12 formed in the United States as a result of the law.

The installation commander is Air Force Colonel Anthony L. Smith.
Battle of the Washita River
The Battle of the Washita River (also called Battle of the Washita or the Washita Massacre) occurred on November 27, 1868, when Lt. Col. George Armstrong Custer's 7th U.S. Cavalry attacked Black Kettle's Southern Cheyenne camp on the Washita River (the present-day Washita Battlefield National Historic Site near Cheyenne, Oklahoma).

The Cheyenne camp was the most isolated band of a major winter encampment along the river of numerous Native American tribal bands, totaling thousands of people. Custer's forces attacked the village because scouts had found it by tracking the trail of an Indian party that had raided white settlers. Black Kettle and his people had been at peace and were seeking peace. Custer's soldiers killed women and children in addition to warriors, although they also took many captives to serve as hostages and human shields. The number of Cheyenne killed in the attack has been disputed since the first reports.

Edward W. Wynkoop
Edward Wanshear Wynkoop (June 19, 1836 – September 11, 1891) was a US Army officer during the American Civil War and later an Indian agent. He was a founder of the city of Denver, Colorado. Wynkoop Street in Denver is named after him.
2017 French F4 Championship
The 2017 French F4 Championship season was the 25th season of the series for 1600cc Formula Renault machinery, and the seventh season to run under the guise of the French F4 Championship. The series began on 16 April at Nogaro and ended on 15 October at Le Castellet, after seven rounds and twenty one races.

Arthur Rougier clinched the titles in the general classification of the championship and in the International Series, winning races at Pau and Spa Victor Martins won races at Nogaro, Monza and Le Castellet but lost to Rougier in general classification just by four points, while in the Junior Championship he took the title. Florian Venturi wasn't able to win a race but he scored seven podiums and completed the season in the top-three of the drivers' standings. Pierre-Alexandre Jean, Jean-Baptiste Mela, Charles Milesi, Stuart White, Hugo Chevalier, Marvin Klein, Javier González, Thomas Drouet and Pierre-Louis Chovet were the other race winners.

Victor Martins
Victor Martins (French pronunciation: [vik.tɔʁ maʁ.tɛ̃s]; born 16 June 2001) is a French racing driver who is set to compete in the FIA World Endurance Championship for the Alpine Endurance Team. He also serves as the test and development driver for Williams in Formula One.

A former member of the Alpine Academy, Martins won the 2020 Formula Renault Eurocup and the 2022 FIA Formula 3 Championship. He spent three years in Formula 2 from 2023 to 2025 with ART Grand Prix, where he was the 2023 recipient of the Anthoine Hubert Award by virtue of finishing as top rookie.
I've Got to Have It
"I've Got to Have It" is a song by American producer Jermaine Dupri and rapper Nas, featuring singer Monica, released by So So Def Recordings and Columbia Records on May 2, 1998 as the lead single for the soundtrack to the comedy film Big Momma's House (2000). Its production, helmed by Dupri, samples English singer Peter Gabriel's 1986 song "Sledgehammer".

Big Momma's House
Big Momma's House is a 2000 crime comedy film, directed by Raja Gosnell, and written by Darryl Quarles and Don Rhymer. The film stars Martin Lawrence as an FBI agent who is tasked with tracking down an escaped convict and his loot, by going undercover as the estranged grandmother of the convict's former girlfriend, unaware of the bond he will form with her. The film also stars Nia Long, Paul Giamatti, and Terrence Howard.

Big Momma's House received mostly negative reviews from critics, but grossed over $174 million worldwide. Its success led to two sequels: Big Momma's House 2 (2006) and Big Mommas: Like Father, Like Son (2011).
Washington Township, Carroll County, Missouri
Washington Township is a township in Carroll County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. Washington Township has a population of 177 according to the 2020 census.

Washington Township has the name of President George Washington.

Carroll County, Missouri
Carroll County is a county located in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the county had a population of 8,495. Its county seat is Carrollton. The county was organized on January 2, 1833, from part of Ray County and named for Charles Carroll of Carrollton, a signer of the Declaration of Independence.
Bolno
Bolno (Macedonian: Болно) is a village in the Resen Municipality of North Macedonia, near the mountain of Galičica. Located under 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) east of the municipal centre of Resen, the village has 237 residents. It is also home to a football club, FK Ilinden.

Resen Municipality
Resen (Macedonian: Ресен [ˈrɛːsɛn] ⓘ) is a municipality in southwestern Republic of North Macedonia. Resen is also the name of the town where the municipal seat is found. Resen Municipality is located in the Pelagonia Statistical Region.
Barberyn Lighthouse
Barberyn Lighthouse (also known as Beruwala Lighthouse) is a lighthouse located on Barberyn Island. Barberyn Island a 3.25 ha (8.0 acres) island situated 0.8 km (0.50 mi)  offshore from the town of Beruwala on the south-west coast of Sri Lanka, 56 km (35 mi) south of Colombo.The lighthouse is a 34 m (112 ft) high round white conical granite tower.

The lighthouse was completed in November 1889, and operated by the Imperial Lighthouse Service. In 1969 it was upgraded with the replacement of the old dioptric apparatus (produced by Chance Brothers) and with a pedestal rotating beacon (Pharos Marine PRB-21 sealed beam optic and drive pedestal). It was further modernised in 2000, with the introduction of a Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) and is computer linked to the other major lighthouses around the country. The Barberyn Lighthouse is one of the four international lighthouses in Sri Lanka.

Beruwala
Beruwala (Sinhala:බේරුවල Tamil: பேருவளை) is a large town in Kalutara District, Western Province, Sri Lanka, governed by an Urban Council. The town covers a total area of approximately 15 km2 (5.8 sq mi) and is located on the south-west coast of Sri Lanka, 60 km (37 mi) south of Colombo.
Hyperbolic geometric graph
A hyperbolic geometric graph (HGG) or hyperbolic geometric network (HGN) is a special type of spatial network where (1) latent coordinates of nodes are sprinkled according to a probability density function into a
hyperbolic space of constant negative curvature and (2)  an edge between two nodes is present if they are close according to a function of the metric (typically either a Heaviside step function resulting in deterministic connections between vertices closer than a certain threshold distance, or a decaying function of hyperbolic distance yielding the connection probability). A HGG generalizes a random geometric graph (RGG) whose embedding space is Euclidean.

Spatial network
A spatial network (sometimes also geometric graph) is a graph in which the vertices or edges are spatial elements associated with geometric objects, i.e., the nodes are located in a space equipped with a certain metric. The simplest mathematical realization of spatial network is a lattice or a random geometric graph (see figure in the right), where nodes are distributed uniformly at random over a two-dimensional plane; a pair of nodes are connected if the Euclidean distance is smaller than a given neighborhood radius. Transportation and mobility networks, Internet, mobile phone networks, power grids, social and contact networks and biological neural networks are all examples where the underlying space is relevant and where the graph's topology alone does not contain all the information. Characterizing and understanding the structure, resilience and the evolution of spatial networks is crucial for many different fields ranging from urbanism to epidemiology.
Peterborough—Kawartha (provincial electoral district)
Peterborough—Kawartha (formerly Peterborough) is a provincial electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario since 1934.

It now consists of the City of Peterborough and the municipalities of Douro-Dummer, Trent Lakes, Havelock-Belmont-Methuen, North Kawartha and Selwyn plus the Curve Lake First Nation. Before 2018, it consisted of the County of Peterborough, excluding the townships of North Kawartha, Galway-Cavendish and Harvey and Cavan-Millbrook-North Monaghan.

The riding is considered a bellwether riding as it has voted for the party that has won the most seats in every election since 1977.

As part of the 2015 electoral redistribution, the district was renamed Peterborough—Kawartha. It lost the Townships of Otonabee-South Monaghan, Asphodel-Norwood, and the Hiawatha First Nation, while subsequently gaining the townships of Trent Lakes and North Kawartha. The 2018 election is the first with the new boundaries.

Bellwether (politics)
A bellwether is a leader or an indicator of trends. In politics, the term often applies in a metaphorical sense to characterize a geographic region where political tendencies match in microcosm those of a wider area, such that the result of an election in the smaller region might predict the eventual result in the larger region.
2024 Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council election
The 2024 Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council elections was held on 2 May 2024 alongside other local elections in the United Kingdom and the 2024 West Midlands mayoral election. One third of seats on Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council were up for election. The council remained under Labour majority control.

Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council
Sandwell Metropolitan Borough Council, or Sandwell Council, is the local authority of the Metropolitan Borough of Sandwell in the West Midlands, England. It is a metropolitan borough council and provides the majority of local government services in the borough. The council has been a member of the West Midlands Combined Authority since 2016.

The council has been under Labour majority control since 1979. It is based at the Council House in Oldbury.
Strangers of the Night
Strangers of the Night is a 1923 American silent comedy film directed by Fred Niblo. It was produced by Louis B. Mayer and released through Metro Pictures.

The film was adapted by C. Gardner Sullivan from the 1921 stage play, Captain Applejack, by Walter Hackett, which on Broadway had starred Wallace Eddinger. It was remade as a talkie by Warner Brothers in 1931 under the Captain Applejack title. The 1923 film is now lost.

Ambrose Applejohn's Adventure
Ambrose Applejohn's Adventure is a 1921 play written by Walter Hackett. It was a hit on the West End, where it ran for 18 months, and also on Broadway, where it was performed under the title Captain Applejack. It has been adapted multiple times as a movie and also as a stage musical.
Yang Ruifu
Yang Ruifu (traditional Chinese: 楊瑞符; simplified Chinese: 杨瑞符; pinyin: Yáng Ruìfú; Wade–Giles: Yang Jui-fu;, courtesy name Jieqing (節卿); 1902 - 3 February 1940), was a Chinese military officer of the 524th Regiment, 88th Division who, along with Xie Jinyuan commanded the Defense of Sihang Warehouse during the 1937 Battle of Shanghai.

Xie Jinyuan
Xie Jinyuan (Hsieh Chin-yuan; 26 April 1905 – 24 April 1941) was a Chinese National Revolutionary Army military officer famous for commanding the Defense of Sihang Warehouse during the Battle of Shanghai in the early phases of the Second Sino-Japanese War.
Binanda Chandra Barua
Binanda Chandra Barua (1901–1994) was a noted Indian writer and poet of Assamese literature from Teok, Assam. He is popularly known as Dhwoni Kobi. His pen-name is Kerpai Sarma. He was President of the Asam Sahitya Sabha in 1966. Some of the popular books of the writer are Gargaon, Sankhadhwani, Jaidhwani and Pratidhwani etc. 'Garhgaon' is an eminent poem of him where he describes the royalty of the capital Garhgaon in Ahom kingdom. He was honored with the title of Sahityacharya by the Assam Sahitya Sabha in 1989. He contributed to the development of Assamese drama during the pre-independence period. His son is eminent Indian painter and artist Neel Pawan Baruah who was married to noted Assamese singer Dipali Barthakur.

Neel Pawan Baruah
Neel Pawan Baruah (also spelt Nilpawan Baruah; 1 June 1936 – 28 October 2022) was an Indian painter from Assam. In 2021, he was awarded the Assam Sourav Award, the second-highest civilian honor of Assam by the Government of Assam. Some of his notable paintings include Green Bird, Kaliya Daman, Shankhachakra Gadapadma, Sleeping Man, Victory of Vietnam, Scream, Three Powers, Patchitra and The Three Faces of the Godde.
Luis Ocaña
Jesús Luis Ocaña Pernía (pronounced [xeˈsus ˈlwis oˈkaɲa peɾˈnia]; 9 June 1945 – 19 May 1994) was a Spanish road bicycle racer who won the 1973 Tour de France and the 1970 Vuelta a España. During the 1971 Tour de France he launched an amazing solo breakaway that put him into the Yellow Jersey and stunned the rest of the main field, including Tour champion Eddy Merckx, but he abandoned in the fourteenth stage after a crash on the descent of the Col de Menté. Ocaña would abandon many Tours, but he finished every Vuelta a España he entered except for his first, and finished in the top 5 seven times in a row.

1973 Tour de France
The 1973 Tour de France was the 60th edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. It took place between 30 June and 22 July, with 20 stages covering a distance of 4,090 km (2,541 mi). Eddy Merckx, winner of the previous four editions, did not start the 1973 Tour, partly to avoid angry French fans and partly to please his sponsor; instead he rode and won the 1973 Vuelta a España and the 1973 Giro d'Italia. In his absence, Luis Ocaña dominated the race by winning four mountain stages and two time trials. The result being a margin of victory exceeding 15 minutes.

In 1973, a new team classification was added: the team points classification, calculated by adding the three best stage rankings per team; it would be calculated until 1988.
Kim Jin-woo (actor)
Kim Jin-woo (born July 17, 1983) is a South Korean actor and singer. He began his acting career in musical theatre, and has since starred in television series such as Queen and I (2012), The Birth of a Family (2012), Can't Stand Anymore (2013) and The Return of Hwang Geum-bok (2015).

Queen and I (South Korean TV series)
Queen and I (Korean: 인현왕후의 남자; lit. Queen Inhyeon's Man) is a 2012 South Korean television series starring Ji Hyun-woo and Yoo In-na. The story centers around obscure actress Choi Hee-jin (played by Yoo In-na, in her first leading role) who falls in love with Kim Bung-do (played by Ji Hyun-woo), a time-traveling scholar from the Joseon period (1392–1910) who jumps 300 years into the future to the 21st century.

It was broadcast on cable channel tvN from April 18 to June 7, 2012 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 23:00 for 16 episodes.
Shalmaneser III
Shalmaneser III (Šulmānu-ašarēdu, "the god Shulmanu is pre-eminent") was king of the Neo-Assyrian Empire from 859 BC to 824 BC.

His long reign was a constant series of campaigns against the eastern tribes, the Babylonians, the nations of Mesopotamia, Syria, as well as Kizzuwadna and Urartu. His armies penetrated to Lake Van and the Taurus Mountains; the Neo-Hittites of Carchemish were compelled to pay tribute, and the kingdoms of Hamath and Aram Damascus were subdued. It is in the annals of Shalmaneser III from the 850s BC that the Arabs and Chaldeans first appear in recorded history.

Jehu
Jehu (/ˈdʒiːhuː/; Hebrew: יֵהוּא, romanized: Yēhūʾ, meaning "Yah is He"; Neo-Assyrian Akkadian: 𒅀𒌑𒀀, romanized: Yaua; Latin: Iehu) was the tenth king of the northern Kingdom of Israel since Jeroboam I, noted for exterminating the house of Ahab. He was the son of Jehoshaphat, grandson of Nimshi, and possibly great-grandson of Omri, although the latter notion is not supported by the biblical text. His reign lasted 28 years.

William F. Albright has dated Jehu's reign to 842–815 BCE, while E. R. Thiele offers the dates 841–814 BCE. The principal source for the events of his reign comes from 2 Kings.
Marine Tactical Air Command Squadron 28
Marine Tactical Air Command Squadron 28 (MTACS-28) was a United States Marine Corps aviation command and control unit based at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point. They provided the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wings tactical headquarters and commanded other units within Marine Air Control Group 28. The unit was deactivated on 18 November 2022 as part of reshaping the United States Marine Corps.

Marine Air Control Group 28
Marine Air Control Group 28 (MACG-28) is a United States Marine Corps aviation command and control unit based at Marine Corps Air Station Cherry Point that is currently composed of four command and control squadrons and a low altitude air defense battalion that provide the 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing with airspace coordination, air control, immediate air support, fires integration, air traffic control (ATC), radar surveillance, aviation combat element (ACE) communications support, and an integrated ACE command post in support of the II Marine Expeditionary Force.