hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Green Duke House
Green Duke House is a historic plantation house located at Soul City, near Manson, Warren County, North Carolina.  It was built about 1800 as a Georgian style dwelling, and remodeled in the post-Victorian style about 1900.  It is a two-story, five-bay, frame dwelling with a hipped roof.  The front and rear facades feature one-story porches with elaborate Ionic order columns.  At the time of its listing, the house was being used as a day care center.

Duke was the surname of an early landowner, and Green the maiden name of his wife. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

Soul City, North Carolina
Soul City is a community in Warren County, North Carolina, United States. It was a planned community first proposed in 1969 by Floyd McKissick, a civil rights leader and director of the Congress of Racial Equality. Funded by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, Soul City was one of thirteen model city projects under the Urban Growth and New Community Development Act. It was located on 5,000 acres (20 km2) in Warren County near Manson-Axtell Road and Soul City Boulevard in Norlina.
Lysochrome
A lysochrome is a soluble dye used for histochemical staining of lipids, which include triglycerides, fatty acids, and lipoproteins.  Lysochromes such as Sudan IV dissolve in the lipid and show up as colored regions. The dye does not stick to any other substrates, so a quantification or qualification of lipid presence can be obtained.

The name was coined by John Baker (biologist) in his book "Principles of Biological Microtechnique", published in 1958, from the Greek words lysis (solution) and chroma (colour).

Triglyceride
A triglyceride (from tri- and glyceride; also TG, triacylglycerol, TAG, or triacylglyceride) is an ester derived from glycerol and three fatty acids.
Triglycerides are the main constituents of body fat in humans and other vertebrates as well as vegetable fat.
They are also present in the blood to enable the bidirectional transference of adipose fat and blood glucose from the liver and are a major component of human skin oils.

Many types of triglycerides exist.  One specific classification focuses on saturated and unsaturated types. Saturated fats have no C=C groups; unsaturated fats feature one or more C=C groups. Unsaturated fats tend to have a lower melting point than saturated analogues; as a result, they are often liquid at room temperature.
Ferdinando Manlio
Ferdinando Manlio (died in 1570) was an Italian sculptor, architect and urban planner of the Renaissance, active in Naples. He trained under the sculptor Giovanni da Nola.

From 1540,  he led the rebuilding of the Basilica of the Santissima Annunziata Maggiore, along with Giovanni Benincasa. The present church however was rebuilt after a fire destroyed Manlio's building in the 18th century.  As a result of this, the viceroy of Naples, Pedro Álvarez de Toledo asked Manlio and Benincasa to design a long road connecting the Royal Palace of Naples to one of the city gates. This is now the via Toledo. The pair also redesigned the Castel Capuano, transforming it from a military building into the new Palace of Justice.

Via Toledo
Via Toledo is an ancient street and one of the most important shopping thoroughfares in the city of Naples, Italy. The street is almost 1.2 kilometres (0.75 mi) long and starts at Piazza Dante and ends in Piazza Trieste e Trento, near Piazza del Plebiscito.
Listed buildings in Horbury and South Ossett
Horbury and South Ossett is a former ward in the metropolitan borough of the City of Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England.  The area covered by the ward contains 26 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, two are listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The area contains the town of Horbury, the south part of the town of Ossett, and the surrounding region.  Most of the listed buildings are houses.  The other listed buildings include three churches, grave covers in a churchyard, a public house, a former lock-up, a former school, buildings in a convent, a gas decontamination centre, and two items on the Calder and Hebble Navigation, a lock, and a lock marker stone.

Horbury
Horbury is a town in the City of Wakefield in West Yorkshire, England. Historically in the West Riding of Yorkshire, it is situated north of the River Calder about three miles (5 km) south west of Wakefield and two miles (3 km) to the south of Ossett. It includes the outlying areas of Horbury Bridge and Horbury Junction. At the 2001 census the Horbury and South Ossett ward of Wakefield Metropolitan District Council had a population of 10,002. At the 2011 census the population was 15,032.  Old industries include woollens, engineering and building wagons for the railways. Horbury forms part of the Heavy Woollen District.
Ron Waldron
Ronald Gwyn Waldron (born 14 December 1933) is a Welsh former rugby union international player. He later took up coaching and is best known as the former head coach of Neath RFC during the late 1980s when Neath dominated British rugby for a number of seasons. Waldron built a team of senior international players including Jonathan Davies and Allan Bateman. In 1990 he was appointed coach to the Wales national rugby union team but after certain players from the Cardiff club found his training methods too physically demanding he resigned in 1991.

Neath RFC
Neath Rugby Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Rygbi Castell-Nedd) is a Welsh rugby union club which plays in the Indigo Premiership for Season 2024/25. The club's home ground is The Gnoll, Neath. The team is known as the  All Blacks because of the team colours: black with only a white cross pattée as an emblem. They were formed in 1871. They are feeder club to the Ospreys regional team.
Triangle of reference
The triangle of reference (also known as the triangle of meaning and the semiotic triangle) is a model of how linguistic symbols relate to the objects they represent. The triangle was published in The Meaning of Meaning (1923) by Charles Kay Ogden and I. A. Richards.  While often referred to as the "Ogden/Richards triangle", the idea was also expressed in 1810 by Bernard Bolzano, in his Beiträge zu einer begründeteren Darstellung der Mathematik. The triangle can be traced back to 4th century BC, in Aristotle's Peri Hermeneias. The Triangle relates to the problem of universals, a philosophical debate which split ancient and medieval philosophers, especially realists and nominalists.

The triangle describes a simplified form of relationship between the speaker as the subject, a concept as an object or referent, and its designation (sign, signans).

Charles Kay Ogden
Charles Kay Ogden (/ˈɒɡdən/; 1 June 1889 – 20 March 1957) was a British linguist, philosopher, and writer. Described as a polymath but also an eccentric and outsider, he took part in many ventures related to literature, politics, the arts, and philosophy, having a broad effect particularly as an editor, translator, and activist on behalf of a reformed version of the English language. He is typically defined as a linguistic psychologist, and is now mostly remembered as the inventor and propagator of Basic English.
National University of the Northeast
The National University of the Northeast (Spanish: Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, UNNE) is an Argentine national university. It is located in the cities of Corrientes and Resistencia, capital cities of the Provinces of Corrientes and Chaco respectively, and was established on December 4, 1956. Known as the University of the Sun, it was the seventh-largest university in Argentina by student enrollment numbers as of 2017.

National university
A national university is mainly a university created or managed by a government, but which may also at the same time operate autonomously without direct control by the state. In the United States, the term "national university" connotes the highest institutional level in education, differing in meaning from a "federally-chartered university." Globally, some national universities are associated with national cultural or political aspirations.
For example, the National University of Ireland during the early days of Irish independence collected a large amount of information about the Irish language and Irish culture. In Argentina, the national universities are the result of the 1918 Argentine university reform and subsequent reforms, which were intended to provide a secular university system without direct clerical or government influence by bestowing self-government on the institutions.
George Nemchik
George Nemchik (March 14, 1915 – July 11, 1988) was a U.S. soccer player.  He spent twelve season in the American Soccer League and later won the National Challenge Cup with the amateur Chicago Viking. Nemchik earned three caps, scoring one goal, with the U.S. national team in 1937.  He was also a member of the 1936 U.S. Olympic Soccer team.

Raised in Trenton, New Jersey, Nemchik competed in multiple sports at Trenton Central High School, from which he graduated in 1932.

Trenton Central High School
Trenton Central High School is a three-year comprehensive public high school that serves students in tenth through twelfth grades from Trenton, in Mercer County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as part of the Trenton Public Schools.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 2,138 students and 154.9 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.8:1. There were 809 students (37.8% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 20 (0.9% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.
Breede Valley Local Municipality
Breede Valley Municipality (Afrikaans: Breedevallei Munisipaliteit; Xhosa: uMasipala weNtlambo yeBreede) is a local municipality located within the Cape Winelands District Municipality, in the Western Cape province of South Africa. As of 2022, it had a population of 212,682. Its municipality code is WC025.

Touws River (town)
Touws River (Afrikaans: Touwsrivier) is a small railway town of 8,126 people in the Western Cape province of South Africa. It is located on the river of the same name, about 160 kilometres (100 mi) north-east of Cape Town.  The Touwsrivier CPV Solar Project is located just outside of the town and supplies 50 MW to the national electrical grid.
Homeland (Salvatore novel)
Homeland is a fantasy novel by American writer R. A. Salvatore, the first book in The Dark Elf Trilogy, a prequel to The Icewind Dale Trilogy. It follows the story of Drizzt Do'Urden from the time and circumstances of his birth and his upbringing amongst the drow (dark elves).

The book takes the reader into Menzoberranzan, the city of drow that is Drizzt's homeland. From here, the reader follows Drizzt on his quest to follow his principles  in the cruel and competitive society of his underground homeland where such feelings are threatened.

Drow
In the Dungeons & Dragons fantasy roleplaying game, drow (/draʊ/ or /droʊ/) or dark elves are a dark-skinned and white-haired subrace of elves connected to the subterranean Underdark. The drow have traditionally been portrayed as generally evil and connected to the evil spider goddess Lolth. However, subsequent editions of Dungeons & Dragons have moved away from this portrayal and preassigned alignment, while later publications have explored drow societies unconnected to Lolth.
Spy Booth
Spy Booth was a 2014 artwork by Banksy in Cheltenham, England. The piece has been seen as a critique of the global surveillance disclosures of 2013.

In 2014, Robin Barton and Bankrobber London helped with the preservation of the artwork, and attempted to broker the removal and sale of the piece. However the artwork was painted onto a Grade II listed building (153–159 Fairview Road) and the council prevented it from being removed, giving it retrospective listed building consent in 2015 and affording it some protection from removal. Despite this, the artwork was removed, destroying it in August 2016. Spy Booth was auctioned as nine stucco-faced brick fragments sawed from the wall and as an NFT.

The GCHQ has used the picture, as a symbolic image for "How does an analyst catch a terrorist?", on its "what we do" page, on its website.

153–159 Fairview Road
153–159 Fairview Road is a terrace of four houses in Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, on the south side of Fairview Road beside the roundabout at its junction with Hewlett Road. The terrace became a Grade II listed building in 1972. The street artist Banksy produced an artwork, Spy Booth, on either side of a public telephone booth adjacent to the gable end of number 159 in April 2014. The work was destroyed in August 2016.
Tomasz Stankiewicz
Tomasz Stankiewicz (28 December 1902 – 21 June 1940) was a Polish track cyclist who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. He was born in Warsaw and died in Palmiry, executed by Nazis.

In 1924 he won the silver as member of the Polish team in the team pursuit.

Palmiry massacre
52°20′N 20°44′E﻿ / ﻿52.33°N 20.74°E﻿ / 52.33; 20.74The Palmiry massacre was a series of mass executions carried out by Nazi German forces, during World War II, near the village of Palmiry in the Kampinos Forest northwest of Warsaw.
Fort of Greta (Horta)
The Fort of Greta (also referred to as the Castelo da Greta, Forte da Guia or Forte da Nossa Senhora da Guia da Horta, respectively: Castle of Greta, Fort of Greta or Fort of Our Lady of the Guide) is a fortification, whose remnants are located on the cinder cone of Monte da Guia, along the southern coast of the civil parish of Angústias, in Horta, island of Faial, in the Portuguese Azores.

Angústias
Angústias (pronounced [ɐ̃.ˈguʃ.ti.ɐʃ]) is one of the three freguesias ("civil parishes") that comprise the urban area of the city of Horta, on the island of Faial in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. This is an economically active, densely populated area. The population in 2011 was 2,418, in an area of 3.79 km2. Due to its commercial nature, the parish is one of the island's primary destinations for tourism, due to the concentration of historical sights and shopping. It contains the localities Caminho do Meio, Courelas, Pasteleiro, Port Pim, Termo da Igreja and Vigia.
Alma Deutscher
Alma Elizabeth Deutscher (/ˈdɔɪtʃər/ DOY-chər; born 19 February 2005) is a British composer, pianist, violinist and conductor. A child prodigy, Deutscher composed her first piano sonata at the age of five; at seven, she completed the short opera, The Sweeper of Dreams, and later wrote a violin concerto at age nine. At the age of ten, she wrote her first full-length opera, Cinderella, which had its European premiere in Vienna in 2016 under the patronage of conductor Zubin Mehta, and its U.S. premiere a year later. Deutscher's piano concerto was premiered when she was 12. She has lived in Vienna, Austria, since 2018. She made her debut at Carnegie Hall in 2019 in a concert dedicated to her own compositions.

Orchestra of St. Luke's
The Orchestra of St. Luke's (OSL) is an American chamber orchestra based in New York City, formed in 1974.  The orchestra performs at several venues in New York City, including Carnegie Hall, Caramoor Center for Music and the Arts, Saint Thomas Church (Manhattan), Congregation Emanu-El of New York, and Merkin Concert Hall.

OSL owns and operates the DiMenna Center for Classical Music, and is administratively located at 450 West 37th Street in Manhattan's Hell's Kitchen neighborhood.  OSL is the orchestra for Paul Taylor Dance Company.
Vendue Range
The Vendue Range in Charleston, South Carolina, United States was a historic commercial street that hosted open-air sales of livestock, produce, and other goods. Vendue is a historic word of French origin that means auction or public sale. The street was among those bombarded by the U.S. Army during the last phase of the American Civil War. The street is now one of the boundaries of a successful downtown revitalization project known as Waterfront Park.

Waterfront Park (Charleston)
Waterfront Park is an eight-acre (5 ha) park along approximately one-half mile of the Cooper River in Charleston, South Carolina. The park received the 2007 Landmark Award from the American Society of Landscape Architects and the National Trust for Historic Preservation. This award "recognizes a distinguished landscape architecture project completed between 15 and 50 years ago that retains its original design integrity and contributes significantly to the public realm of the community in which it is located."
Nelson Mandela Bridge
Nelson Mandela Bridge is a bridge in Johannesburg, South Africa. It is the fourth of five bridges which cross the railway lines and sidings located just west of Johannesburg Park Station, the first being the Johan Rissik Bridge adjacent to the station. It was completed in 2003, and cost R38 million to build. The proposal for the bridge was to link up two main business areas of Braamfontein and Newtown as well as to rejuvenate and to a certain level modernise the inner city. The bridge forms part of the M27 Route of Johannesburg. Nelson Mandela Bridge was the longest suspension bridge in Southern Africa, for 21 years, until it was overtaken by the Msikaba Bridge.

M27 (Johannesburg)
M27 is a major road in the City of Johannesburg, South Africa. A large part of the route is named Jan Smuts Avenue which is roughly 12 km long. It begins in the southern suburb of Booysens and heads northwards through the Johannesburg CBD and the northern suburbs of Randburg.
Vijayabahu Infantry Regiment
The Vijayabahu Infantry Regiment is an infantry regiment of the Sri Lankan Army. Formed on 22 March 1988, it is named after Vijayabahu I of Polonnaruwa (King Vijayabahu, 1055 to 1110 AD). The regiment consists of 17 regular battalions, 9 volunteer battalions and a headquarters battalion. Since 1993, its Regimental Centre is located at the Boyagane Camp, Kurunegala.

Vijayabahu I
Vijayabahu the Great (born Prince Keerthi) (Sinhala: මහා විජයබාහු) (ruled 1055–1110), also known as Vijayabahu I, was a medieval king of Sri Lanka. Born to a royal bloodline, Vijayabahu grew up under Chola occupation. He assumed rulership of the Ruhuna principality in the southern parts of the country in 1055. Following a seventeen-year-long campaign, he successfully drove the Cholas out of the island in 1070, reuniting the country for the first time in over 77 years. During his reign, he re-established Buddhism in Sri Lanka and repaired much of the damage caused to infrastructure during the wars. He offered the Thihoshin Pagoda (Lord of Sri Lanka Buddha image) to Burmese king Alaungsithu which still stands in Pakokku.
Alex Cross (film)
Alex Cross is a 2012 American action thriller film directed by Rob Cohen, and starring Tyler Perry as the title character, and Matthew Fox as the villain Picasso. The adapted screenplay was written by Marc Moss and Kerry Williamson. It is based on the 2006 novel Cross by James Patterson. It is the third installment of the Alex Cross film series, and was considered a reboot of the series.

Unlike the previous films, which were distributed by Paramount Pictures, the film was released by Summit Entertainment on October 19, 2012. It was panned by critics and became a box office bomb, and a planned sequel was cancelled.

Alex Cross (film series)
The Alex Cross film series is an American film series of three thriller films, based on the fictional character Alex Cross, who originally appeared in a series of novels of the same name by James Patterson. In the film series, Morgan Freeman and Tyler Perry have portrayed Alex Cross.
The Little Mermaid (2018 film)
The Little Mermaid is a 2018 American live-action fantasy-adventure film inspired by the 1837 Hans Christian Andersen story of the same name. It is directed and written by Blake Harris, co-directed by Chris Bouchard, and produced by Armando Gutierrez and Robert Molloy.

The film was released on August 17, 2018, by AMC Theatres. It received negative reviews from critics and was a box office bomb, grossing only $4.5 million on a budget of $5 million.

Chris Bouchard
Chris Bouchard is a British film producer and director of The Hunt for Gollum, an independent Lord of the Rings fan film. The budget was kept to £3,000 using crowd-sourced visual effects. The film was released on streaming platforms in May 2009. In its first week it was the fourth most watched film in the US, after X-Men Origins: Wolverine, Star Trek, and "a romantic comedy starring Matthew McConaughey." As of May 2024, it had been watched by 13 million people.

Bouchard went on to direct feature-length crime drama Hackney’s Finest in 2014, which was produced by London film studio Framestore. In 2018 he co-directed The Little Mermaid, which was released on Netflix. The film starred Shirley MacLaine, Poppy Drayton, William Moseley and Loreto Peralta.
Rangeworthy
Rangeworthy is a semi-rural farming village in South Gloucestershire, England, nearby communities include Falfield  and Charfield. The village population taken at the 2011 census was 675.

The village lies between Iron Acton and Bagstone, along the B4058 road. It is a long village divided by a road with a well used village hall, pub, hotel, Indian restaurant, recreation ground, primary school and church. A village committee organises village events including the children's Christmas party, Summer Fete and Beer Festival. There are other organisations such as the Court Players, Women's Institute, a Youth Club, Toddlers group and Parish magazine.

Several good public footpaths give access to the countryside & there are bridle paths for horse riders & cyclists.

Rangeworthy was historically a chapelry in the ancient parish of Thornbury, a detached part of that parish.  It became a separate civil parish in 1866. The organist Charles Harford Lloyd served there in his youth.

South Gloucestershire
South Gloucestershire is a unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of Gloucestershire, South West England. Towns in the area include Yate, Chipping Sodbury, Kingswood, Thornbury, Filton, Patchway and Bradley Stoke. The southern part of its area falls within the Greater Bristol urban area surrounding the city of Bristol.

South Gloucestershire was created in 1996 to replace the Northavon district and Borough of Kingswood of the abolished county of Avon. It is separate from Gloucestershire County Council, but is part of the ceremonial county and shares Gloucestershire's Lord Lieutenant (the Sovereign's representative to the county). Because of its history as part of the county of Avon, South Gloucestershire works closely with the other unitary authorities that took over when that county was abolished, including shared services such as Avon Fire and Rescue Service and Avon and Somerset Police, together with co-operation in planning strategy for transport, roads and housing.