hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Castleberry–Harrington Historic District
The Castleberry–Harrington Historic District encompasses a collection of three mixed masonry buildings erected between 1946 and 1950 by regionally known master mason Silas Owens Sr. on Castleberry Road in rural northwestern Faulkner County, Arkansas.  All are single story stone structures, built of various shades of sandstone and other materials, and were built for various members of the extended Castleberry and Harrington families.  One of them has an applied herringbone pattern of stonework for which Owens was particularly well known.  The three houses are located on Castleberry Road, south of the hamlet of Republican.

The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

Silas Owens Sr.
Silas Owens Sr. (1907 – April 4, 1960) was an African-American mason and builder in Arkansas who was noted for his distinctive style of construction.  Many of the homes and buildings that Owens built are listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places primarily found in the Faulkner County, Arkansas area.
Chautauqua Hall of Brotherhood
The Chautauqua Hall of Brotherhood (also known as the Chautauqua Auditorium and Lakeyard) is a historic site in DeFuniak Springs, Walton County, Florida. Built as part of the Chautauqua education movement, it is located at 95 Circle Drive and currently houses a branch of the Walton County Chamber of Commerce. On August 7, 1972, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

In 1989, the building was listed in A Guide to Florida's Historic Architecture, published by the University of Florida Press.

DeFuniak Springs, Florida
DeFuniak Springs (/dəˈfjuːniːæk/ də-FEW-nee-ak) is a city in and the county seat of Walton County, Florida, United States. The population was 5,919 as of the 2020 Census, up from 5,177 at the 2010 census. Crestview–Fort Walton Beach–Destin metropolitan area.

DeFuniak Springs is home to Lake DeFuniak, one of two spring-fed lakes in the world that is nearly perfectly round.

DeFuniak Springs serves as a hub for residents in surrounding rural and unincorporated communities. Areas such as Paxton, Mossy Head, Ponce de Leon, and others in between utilize the services of DeFuniak Springs.
Provinces of Iran
Iran is subdivided into thirty-one provinces (Persian: استان, romanized: Ostân), which are the first-level administrative divisions of the country. Each province is governed from a local centre, usually the largest local city, which is called the capital (Persian: مرکز, romanized: Markaz) of the province. The provincial authority is headed by a governor-general (Persian: استاندار, romanized: Ostândâr), who is appointed by the Minister of the Interior subject to approval of the cabinet. The provinces are subdivided into counties, districts (Persian: بخش, romanized: bakhsh) and villages.

Markaz (administrative division)
Markaz (Arabic: مركز, Turkish: merkez), or the equivalent term in Persian, is a second-level administrative division found in Asia and Africa. Examples include:

Markazes of Egypt, below Governorates of Egypt

Markaz in Saudi Arabia, below Governorates of Saudi Arabia

The capital city of a province of Iran

A merkez is a district of Turkey (ilçe) that serves as the capital of a province.

The word markaz (Arabic: مركز), as a term, in Arabic means "center."
Walter Audisio
Walter Audisio (Italian pronunciation: [ˈvalter auˈdiːzjo]; 28 June 1909 – 11 October 1973) was an Italian partisan and communist politician, also known by his nom-de-guerre Colonel Valerio. A member of the Italian resistance movement during World War II, Audisio was involved in the death of Benito Mussolini, and personally executed the dictator and his mistress Clara Petacci according to the generally accepted account of the event.

Alessandria
Alessandria (Italian: [alesˈsandrja] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Lissandria [liˈsɑŋdrja]) is a city and commune in Piedmont, Italy, and the capital of the Province of Alessandria. With a population of 92,518, it is the 3rd-largest city in Piedmont and the 53rd-largest in Italy.

Known for the famous hat manufacturing company Borsalino and for its proximity to the historical site of the battle of Marengo, led by Napoleon, the town is an important agricultural, industrial and logistic hub within its region and Italy's North-West. With a surface extension that makes it Piedmont's largest municipality and a population of 92 839 inhabitants  (the third most popolous city in the region), Alessandria is located in the centre of the so-called "industrial triangle", whose vertices are Turin, Milan and Genoa. Alessandria is also home to one of the headquarters of the University of Eastern Piedmont, which is an academic institution that has a tripolar structure shared with Vercelli and Novara.
Downey Unified School District
Downey Unified School District ("DUSD") is a public school system in Downey, California, United States. It serves most of Downey and portions of Bellflower, Bell Gardens, and South Gate. The enrollment for 2009 is 22,500, divided among thirteen elementary, four middle, and three high schools.

South Gate, California
South Gate is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States, with 7.4 square miles (19 km2). It is located 7 miles (11 km) southeast of Downtown Los Angeles. South Gate is part of the Gateway Cities region of southeastern Los Angeles County.

The city was incorporated on January 20, 1923, and it became known as the "Azalea City" when it adopted the flower as its symbol in 1965. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 92,726, making it the 19th largest in the county.

In 1990, South Gate was one of ten U.S. communities to receive the All-America City Award from the National Civic League.
Terry Knight
Terry Knight (born Richard Terrance Knapp; April 9, 1943 – November 1, 2004) was an American rock and roll music producer, promoter, singer, songwriter and radio personality, who enjoyed some success in radio, modest success as a singer, but considerable success as the original manager-producer for Grand Funk Railroad and the producer for Bloodrock.

Lapeer, Michigan
Lapeer (/ləˈpɪər/ lə-PEER) is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan and is the county seat of Lapeer County. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 9,023. Most of the city was incorporated from land that was formerly in Lapeer Township, though portions were also annexed from Mayfield Township and Elba Township. Lapeer is in central Michigan, east of Flint, on the Flint River.
Preparation and attempt
Preparation and attempt are related, but different standards in criminal law.: 681–4

An attempt to commit an unconsummated crime is viewed as having the same gravity as if the crime had occurred. But preparation that falls short of an actual attempt is not, although it may be punishable in some other way.

Courts have not been able to draw a clear, bright line as to when acts committed in preparation for a crime are actually an attempt to commit the crime.

Some approaches, summarized in the case of United States v. Mandujano, include the physical proximity doctrine, the dangerous proximity doctrine, the indispensable element test, the probable desistance test, the abnormal step approach, and the uneqivocality test.

The Model Penal Code approach requires a substantial step, in addition to having a criminal purpose.

Abnormal step
The abnormal step approach is a standard for distinguishing between preparation and attempt in a criminal case.: 683  If a person takes a series of steps in preparation for a crime, then takes a step that a normal noncriminal person would have come to their good senses and held back from taking (an abnormal step), then that is evidence of an attempt.: 683
Marina Radu
Marina Radu (born September 5, 1984 in Montreal, Quebec) is a water polo player from Canada. She was a member of the Canada women's national water polo team which claimed the silver medal at the 2007 Pan American Games in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Canada women's national water polo team
The Canada women's national water polo team (French: Équipe féminine de water-polo du Canada) represents Canada in women's international water polo competitions and friendly matches. The team is overseen by Water Polo Canada, a member of the Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA). In 1981 the team claimed its first international prize, winning the FINA Water Polo World Cup.
Savanna, Oklahoma
Savanna is a town in Pittsburg County, Oklahoma, United States. As of the 2020 census, Savanna had a population of 623. It is the hometown of former Harlem Globetrotter and 2014 NAIA Dunk Champion Tyler Inman.

Pittsburg County, Oklahoma
Pittsburg County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 43,773. Its county seat is McAlester. The county was formed from part of the Choctaw Nation in Indian Territory in 1907. County leaders believed that its coal production compared favorably with Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania at the time of statehood.

Pittsburg County comprises the McAlester, OK micropolitan statistical area.
Les femmes artistes d'Europe
Les femmes artistes d'Europe (Women Artists of Europe) was an exhibition held at the Jeu de Paume gallery (then the Museum of Contemporary Foreign Schools) in the Tuileries Gardens in Paris, France from 11 to 28 February 1937. This was the first exhibition in France devoted solely to women artists, concentrating on contemporary works. It featured 550 works by artists from 20 countries.

Laure Albin Guillot
Laure Albin Guillot (née Maffredi; 15 February 1879 – 22 February 1962) was a French photographer. In addition to portraits of Paris celebrities, she covered a wide variety of genres and had a number of high-ranking positions.
Bedminster Township, Pennsylvania
Bedminster Township is a township in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 7,541 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Delaware Valley metropolitan region. Bedminster is part of Pennridge School District.

Bucks County, Pennsylvania
Bucks County is in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 646,538, making it the fourth-most populous county in Pennsylvania. Its county seat is Doylestown. The county is named after the English county of Buckinghamshire. The county is part of the Southeast region of the commonwealth.

The county represents the northern boundary of the Philadelphia–Camden–Wilmington, PA–NJ–DE–MD metropolitan statistical area.

To its southwest, Bucks County borders Montgomery County and Philadelphia, the nation's sixth-largest city. To its east, the county borders the Delaware River and U.S. state of New Jersey. To its north, the county borders Lehigh and Northampton counties in the state's Lehigh Valley region. The county is approximately 30 miles (48 km) southeast of Allentown, the state's third-largest city, and 40 miles (64 km) north of Philadelphia, the state's largest city.
The Right in Latin America: Elite Power, Hegemony and the Struggle for the State
The Right in Latin America: Elite Power, Hegemony and the Struggle for the State, a book written by Irish academic Barry Cannon, details the history of right-wing politics in Latin America. Utilizing elite theory and an interdisciplinary approach, the work examines how Latin American right-wing elites maintained power, despite threats from the pink tide of left-wing movements. Published at a time when the pink tide was waning,  Cannon predicted the subsequent rise of the right during the conservative wave.

Barry Cannon
Barry Cannon is an Irish academic specialising development and democratisation who is from County Donegal, Ireland. Focusing on politics in Latin America, democracy and far-right politics, he currently serves as a senior lecturer and associate professor at Maynooth University. He has been featured in multiple media outlets, including BBC World Service, The Irish Times and RTÉ.
The Italian Stallion (wrestler)
Gary Sabaugh (born October 24, 1957) is an American former professional wrestler, better known by his ring name, The Italian Stallion, who has competed in North American independent promotions throughout the 1980s and 1990s including stints in both the World Wrestling Federation and the National Wrestling Alliance, specifically Jim Crockett Promotions and World Championship Wrestling.

He is also the co-owner of the Charlotte-based Professional Wrestling Federation and its wrestling school with longtime rival George South. Among the wrestlers he and South have trained over the years include Henry Godwin, Ron Killings and the Hardy Boyz. He was instrumental in bringing the latter to the WWF in 1994.

Cole Twins
The Cole Twins were a professional wrestling tag team consisting of twin brothers Kent and Keith Cole. They competed in North American regional and independent promotions, however the twins were best known for their stint in World Championship Wrestling during the early 1990s. During their time in WCW, they feuded with several tag teams including Tex Slazenger and Shanghai Pierce, The Wrecking Crew (Rage and Fury), Harlem Heat (Booker T and Stevie Ray) and The Hollywood Blonds (Brian Pillman and Steve Austin).
Luck & Logic
Luck & Logic (ラクエンロジック, Raku en Rojikku) is a media franchise created by Bushiroad with five other companies: Bandai Visual, Doga Kobo, Nitroplus, Lantis, and Yuhodo. It consists of a trading card game, with the first products released on February 28, 2016, and an anime television series by Doga Kobo.

Kensho Ono
Kensho Ono (小野 賢章, Ono Kenshō; born October 5, 1989) is a Japanese actor and singer. His most well-known characters are Tetsuya Kuroko, the titular protagonist in the anime series Kuroko's Basketball, Riku Nanase in Idolish7, Ryuunosuke Akutagawa in Bungo Stray Dogs,   Giorno Giovanna in JoJo's Bizarre Adventure, Slaine Troyard in Aldnoah.Zero, Yuya Sakaki in Yu-Gi-Oh! Arc-V, Hakuryu Ren in Magi: The Labyrinth of Magic and Mikaela Hyakuya in Seraph of the End. He is also known as the Japanese dub voice of Harry Potter in the Harry Potter film series, and Miles Morales in Spider-Man: Into the Spider-Verse and Spider-Man: Across the Spider-Verse. He also plays Muromachi Tōji in the Prince of Tennis musical.
Nanhua University
Nanhua University (NHU; Chinese: 南華大學) is a university located in Dalin Township, Chiayi County, Taiwan. Founded in 1996 as the Nanhua College of Management, it was elevated to university status in 1999. The university was founded by the Buddhist monk Hsing Yun of Fo Guang Shan. In 2022, Times Higher Education's World University Rankings ranks NHU as 95th of the "Impact Rankings: Reducing inequalities" in the world.

NHU offers undergraduate and graduate programs in a variety of fields, including humanities, social sciences, management, and science and technology.

The university has partnerships with over 100 universities in more than 30 countries, and students can participate in exchange programs, study tours, and other international activities.

Chiayi County
Chiayi is a county in Taiwan. Located in southwestern Taiwan surrounding but not including Chiayi City, it is the sixth largest county in the island of Taiwan. Its major tourist destination is Alishan National Scenic Area.
2008–09 Israeli Women's Cup
The 2008–09 Israeli Women's Cup (Hebrew: גביע המדינה נשים, Gvia HaMedina Nashim) was the 11th season of Israel's women's nationwide football cup competition.

The competition was won, for the 7th consecutive time, by Maccabi Holon who had beaten ASA Tel Aviv University 4–2 in the final.

ASA Tel Aviv University
ASA Tel Aviv WFC is a women's football club from Tel Aviv. The club is affiliated with Tel Aviv University and is part of the ASA Tel Aviv Sports Club. The club has won eight Ligat Nashim titles and five Israeli Women's Cup finals, and has participated in the UEFA Women's Champions League.
Wheelton
Wheelton is a village and civil parish of the Borough of Chorley, in Lancashire, England. According to the 2001 United Kingdom census it has a population of 1,001, reducing to 956 at the 2011 Census. The village is located on the A674 Chorley–Blackburn road.

There are two communities: Wheelton, which is close to the Leeds-Liverpool Canal and borders Whittle-le-Woods; and Higher Wheelton which is located on the road from Chorley to Blackburn. It is one of the more affluent parts of Lancashire owing to easy motorway access and a semi rural setting.

Wheelton Clock Tower is set in a garden at the centre of the village commemorating the men of Heapey and Wheelton who fell in the Great War in 1914–1918. The Grade II Listed memorial is made from local stone and was unveiled in 1922.

Leeds and Liverpool Canal
The Leeds and Liverpool Canal is a canal in Northern England, linking the cities of Leeds and Liverpool.

Over a distance of 127 miles (204 km), crossing the Pennines, and including 91 locks on the main line. The Leeds and Liverpool Canal has several small branches, and in the early 21st century a new link was constructed into the Liverpool docks system.
Product detector
A product detector is a type of demodulator used for AM and SSB signals.  Rather than converting the envelope of the signal into the decoded waveform like an envelope detector, the product detector takes the product of the modulated signal and a local oscillator, hence the name. A product detector is a frequency mixer.

Product detectors can be designed to accept either IF or RF frequency inputs.  A product detector which accepts an IF signal would be used as a demodulator block in a superheterodyne receiver, and a detector designed for RF can be combined with an RF amplifier and a low-pass filter into a direct-conversion receiver.

Single-sideband modulation
In radio communications, single-sideband modulation (SSB) or single-sideband suppressed-carrier modulation (SSB-SC) is a type of signal modulation used to transmit information, such as an audio signal, by radio waves. A refinement of amplitude modulation, it uses transmitter power and bandwidth more efficiently. Amplitude modulation produces an output signal the bandwidth of which is twice the maximum frequency of the original baseband signal. Single-sideband modulation avoids this bandwidth increase, and the power wasted on a carrier, at the cost of increased device complexity and more difficult tuning at the receiver.
Emily of New Moon (TV series)
Emily of New Moon is a Canadian television series based on the Emily of New Moon series of novels by Lucy Maud Montgomery. The series first aired on CBC Television in Canada from April 1, 1998 to June 6, 2000; it also aired on the Viva, Bravo! and Vision TV cable channels. In the United States, it aired on the Cookie Jar Toons block on This TV. The series was produced by Salter Street Films; the executive producers were Micheline Charest, Michael Donovan, and Ronald Weinberg as well as Marlene Matthews, Dale A. Andrews, and Matthew Nodella. The series consisted of three seasons of thirteen episodes and one season of seven episodes, for a total of forty-six episodes produced.

Michael Moriarty
Michael Moriarty (born April 5, 1941) is an American-Canadian actor. He received an Emmy Award and Golden Globe Award for his role as a Nazi SS officer in the 1978 miniseries Holocaust and a Tony Award in 1974 for his performance in the play Find Your Way Home. He starred as Executive Assistant District Attorney Benjamin Stone for the first four seasons (1990–1994) of the television show Law & Order. Moriarty is also known for his roles in films such as Bang the Drum Slowly, Who'll Stop the Rain, Q: The Winged Serpent, The Stuff, Pale Rider, Troll, Courage Under Fire, and Shiloh.
Tiberio Fiorilli
Tiberio Fiorilli, also spelled Fiorillo and Fiurelli (November 9, 1608 – December 7, 1694)
was an  Italian actor of  commedia dell'arte known for developing the role of Scaramouche. He was especially popular in France, where he was the director of the troupe of the Comédie-Italienne, which shared with the troupe of his friend Molière at the theatre of the Petit-Bourbon, and the theatre of the Palais-Royal.

Scaramouche
Scaramouche (French: [skaʁamuʃ]) or Scaramouch (English: /ˈskærəmuː(t)ʃ, -maʊtʃ/; Italian: Scaramuccia [skaraˈmuttʃa]; lit. 'little skirmisher') is a stock clown character of the 16th-century commedia dell'arte (comic theatrical arts of Italian literature). The role combined characteristics of the Zanni (servant) and il Capitano (masked henchman), with some assortment of villainous traits. Usually attired in black Spanish dress and burlesquing a don, he was often beaten by Harlequin for his boasting and cowardice.
Kevin Closs
Kevin Closs (born 1963) is a Canadian singer-songwriter and author, who has recorded and toured both as a solo performer and with his rock band The Nobs.

Closs was born in Sault Ste. Marie and raised on Manitoulin Island, and currently lives in the Onaping Falls neighbourhood of Sudbury. An independent recording artist since 1989, he is best known for his song "Erica", a Canadian Top 40 hit in 1994. He has also toured as a supporting musician in Charlie Major's band.

He won Northern Lights Festival Boréal's Jackie Washington Award in 2002, and the Mayor's Celebration of the Arts Award for Lifetime Achievement in the Arts in 2016.

Closs teaches songwriting workshops in schools across Northern Ontario through Learning Through the Arts and through invitations from arts organizations. He has performed in theatre and film productions as both actor and musician, including as Jesus Christ in Theatre Cambrian's 1992 production of Jesus Christ Superstar.

Onaping Falls
Onaping Falls (1996 census population 5,277) was a town in the Canadian province of Ontario, which existed from 1973 to 2000. It was created as part of the Regional Municipality of Sudbury, and took its name from the waterfalls (High Falls) on the Onaping River.

On January 1, 2001, the town and the Regional Municipality were dissolved and amalgamated into the city of Greater Sudbury. The town is now part of Ward 3 on Greater Sudbury City Council.

In the Canada 2011 Census, the main communities in Onaping Falls were listed for the first time as two of six distinct population centres (or urban areas) in Greater Sudbury: Dowling (population 1,690, density 475.0 km2) and Onaping-Levack (population 2,042, density 251.3 km2).
Curtis Reed (politician)
Curtis Reed (March 24, 1815 – March 18, 1895) was an American businessman, Democratic politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He is considered the founder of Menasha, Wisconsin, and was the first village president after its incorporation in 1853, he subsequently served as the 8th mayor of Menasha after it became a city.  He also served two terms in the Wisconsin State Assembly, in 1853 and 1861.

Most of Reed's siblings were also notable politicians or married to notable politicians.  His brothers were George B. Reed, Orson Reed, and Harrison Reed.  His youngest sister was Martha Reed Mitchell.

Wisconsin Central Railroad (1871–1899)
The original Wisconsin Central Railroad Company was a major early railroad that operated throughout northern Wisconsin. It built lines up through the forested wilderness, and opened large tracts to logging and settlement. It established stations which would grow into a string of cities and towns between Stevens Point and Ashland, including Marshfield and Medford, and it connected these places to Chicago and St. Paul. It also played a major role in building Chicago's Grand Central Station.

Despite these successes, it struggled financially from the start and was bankrupt by 1879. It was leased to the Northern Pacific Railway from 1889 to 1893, and was finally reorganized from bankruptcy in 1897 as the Wisconsin Central Railway.