hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kanyabayonga
Kanyabayonga (also Kanya Bayonga, Kanyabayungu) is a town straddling the Lubero and Rutshuru territories of North Kivu province in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). Administratively, the part which is in Lubero is the commune of Kanyabayonga and, the part in Rutshuru belongs to the Kanyabayonga groupement (grouping) which extends well south of the town and is within the Bwito chiefdom.  The region as a whole has seen much armed conflict since 1993.

Rutshuru Territory
Rutshuru Territory is a territory in the North Kivu province of the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, with headquarters in the town of Rutshuru.

The territory is mountainous, including a large portion of the Virunga National Park, famous for its mountain gorillas.

Rutshuru Territory has long faced persistent security challenges, primarily due to the presence of armed groups and disputes over natural resources. In June 2025, the Congolese human rights organization Badilika (meaning "change" in Swahili) published a report documenting 9,163 serious human rights violations resulting in 6,060 deaths within the territory between 1996 and 2023, with the majority of these abuses attributed to three armed groups with ties to Rwanda: the Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo (AFDL), responsible for 4,380 violations; the March 23 Movement (M23), with 1,524 violations; and the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR), implicated in at least 650 cases.
Workers' Revolutionary Party (Peru)
The Workers' Revolutionary Party (Spanish: Partido Revolucionario de los Trabajadores) is a Trotskyist political party in Peru founded in 1978 by a fraction of PST, FIR(IV) and FIR(Combate).  Its founding leaders included Hugo Blanco, Hipólito Enríquez, Raúl Castro Vera and Nicolás Lucar.  It participated in the general elections 1980 and the municipal elections 1980 and 1983.

PRT is currently led by Raúl Castro Vera.

The PRT became the Pervuvian section of reunified Fourth International but, in the 1980s, the Fourth Internationals in Peru joined the Partido Unificado Mariateguista.

Hugo Blanco (politician)
Hugo Blanco Galdós (15 November 1934 – 25 June 2023) was a Peruvian political figure, leader of the Confederación Campesina del Perú (CCP, Campesino Confederation of Peru), leader of Trotsky's Fourth International and a writer.
Strzelki
Strzelki [ˈstʂɛlki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stara Kiszewa, within Kościerzyna County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Stara Kiszewa
Gmina Stara Kiszewa is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościerzyna County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Stara Kiszewa, which lies approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) south-east of Kościerzyna and 52 km (32 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 213.1 square kilometres (82.3 sq mi); as of 2022, its total population is 6,776.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Wdydze Landscape Park.
Sir Howard Elphinstone, 1st Baronet
Major General Sir Howard Elphinstone, 1st Baronet CB (4 March 1773 – 28 April 1846) was a commander of the Royal Engineers in the Peninsular War.

Elphinstone was the youngest son of John Elphinstone, a captain in the Royal Navy and for a period a vice-admiral in the Russian Navy. His mother was Amelia, daughter of John Warburton.

John Elphinstone
John Elphinstone (1722 – 28 February 1785) was a British naval officer who served in the Royal Navy before joining the Imperial Russian Navy in 1770 with approval from the Admiralty. Together with fellow Britons Samuel Greig and Charles Knowles, Elphinstone was part of a group of Russian naval officers under Alexei Grigoryevich Orlov which defeated the Ottoman Navy at the Battle of Chesma, off Chios.
Dragnet Patrol
Dragnet Patrol is a 1931 American Pre-Code melodrama film directed by Frank R. Strayer from a script by W. Scott Darling. The film stars Glenn Tryon, Vera Reynolds, and Marjorie Beebe, and was released by Action Pictures on December 15, 1931.

Scott Darling (screenwriter)
William Scott Darling (May 28, 1898 – October 29, 1951) was a Canadian-born writer and a pioneer screenwriter and film director in the Hollywood motion picture industry. He is often known in Hollywood histories as Scott Darling, though he was almost invariably credited in films as W. Scott Darling.
His Majesty, Bunker Bean (1918 film)
His Majesty, Bunker Bean is a 1918 American silent comedy film directed by William Desmond Taylor. The film's screenplay was written by Julia Crawford Ivers who adapted her story from both Harry Leon Wilson's 1912 novel Bunker Bean and the novel's subsequent stage adaption, His Majesty Bunker Bean by Lee Wilson Dodd. The film stars Jack Pickford, Louise Huff, Jack McDonald, Frances Clanton, Peggy O'Connell, and Edythe Chapman. The film was released by Paramount Pictures on April 8, 1918.

Bunker Bean
Bunker Bean is a novel by Harry Leon Wilson. It was originally published as a serial under the title His Majesty Bunker Bean in The Saturday Evening Post beginning in the October 12, 1912 publication and ending in the December 14, 1912 edition. The nine issues were illustrated by Frederic Rodrigo Gruger. Well received, it was published in book form in January 1913 by Doubleday under the title Bunker Bean. The novel included one of the earliest representations of the "flapper" in literature; although many of the later stylized associations with that term such as bobbed hair and hip flasks did not emerge until later in the 1920s.
Ecce Homo, Alcamo
Ecce Homo was a Catholic Church in Alcamo, in the province of Trapani, Sicily. It was built in 1753 and used by the Congregation of the Most Holy Ecce Homo until 1968, when it was damaged by an earthquake. Extensively restored in 1992, it is now a multi-use venue space. Ecco Homo refers to the suffering of Jesus Christ, as depicted in many religious artworks. A church of the same name stands in Old Jerusalem, commemorating the spot where Pontius Pilate is supposed to have uttered the words.

Alcamo
Alcamo (Italian: [ˈalkamo]; Sicilian: Àrcamu [ˈaɾkamʊ]) is the fourth-largest town and municipality of the Province of Trapani, Sicily, with a population of 44,925 inhabitants. It is in the north-west of the island, on the border of the Metropolitan City of Palermo, about 50 kilometres (31 mi) from Palermo and Trapani.

The current municipality covers an area of 130.79 km2 (50.50 sq mi) and it is the second most densely populated in the province of Trapani, after Erice.

Alcamo is bounded by the Tyrrhenian Sea on the north, Balestrate and Partinico on the east, Camporeale on the south and Calatafimi-Segesta and Castellammare del Golfo on the west. Its main hamlet is Alcamo Marina, about 6 km (4 mi) from the town centre.
Together with other municipalities is a participant in the Associazione Città del Vino, the Patto dei Sindaci movement, the Progetto Città dei Bambini project, Rete dei Comuni Solidali and Patto Territoriale Golfo di Castellammare.
Altura (film)
Altura is a 1949 Italian crime melodrama film directed by Mario Sequi and starring Massimo Girotti, Roldano Lupi and Eleonora Rossi Drago. It is set in Sardinia and portrays a struggle between large landowners and a co-operative of shepherds.

Mario Sequi
Mario Sequi (30 June 1913 – 1992) was an Italian film director and screenwriter. A Sardinian by birth, he was married to the actress Lia Franca. He began his career in the 1930s as a production manager in the 1930s before becoming a director after the Second World War.
Shawnee Slopes, Calgary
Shawnee Slopes is a residential neighbourhood in the southwest quadrant of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. It is bounded to the south by James McKevitt Road, to the east by Macleod Trail, to the north by Fish Creek Provincial Park and to the west by Evergreen Street SW.

It was named for the Shawnee native people. Shawnee Slopes is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 13 councillors.

Macleod Trail
Macleod Trail is a major road in Calgary, Alberta. It is a six- to eight-lane principal arterial road extending from downtown Calgary to the south of the city, where it merges into Highway 2. South of Anderson Road, Macleod Trail is an expressway and is slated to be upgraded to a freeway in the future. It is named for its destination to the south, Fort Macleod, itself named for James Macleod, of the North-West Mounted Police.
Islamabad Expressway
The Islamabad Expressway (Urdu:   اسلام آباد گزرگاه), sometimes also referred to as Islamabad Highway, is a major north–south expressway in Islamabad, Capital Territory, Pakistan. The expressway provides quick access between the Islamabad and Rawalpindi, Punjab, connecting the national capital with the N-5 National Highway. It stretches from Zero Point Interchange with the Srinagar Highway in Islamabad to Rawat, Islamabad Capital Territory on the N-5 National Highway. The total length of the expressway is 28 kilometres (17 mi), with lanes varying from six to ten.

In 2007, the Capital Development Authority proposed to build three new interchanges on the highway at Koral Chowk, Lehtrar Road and Dhok Kala Khan Road to make it signal free. However, expansion work was delayed until 2014. The expansion later included a dedicated bike lane on the highway as well.

Capital Development Authority (Pakistan)
Capital Development Authority (Urdu: وفاقی ترقیاتی ادارہ, abbreviated as CDA) is a public benefit corporation responsible for providing municipal services in Islamabad Capital Territory. The CDA was established on 14 June 1960 by an executive order entitled Pakistan Capital Regulation. As of 2016, most of CDA's municipal services and departments have been transferred to the newly created Islamabad Metropolitan Corporation. However, the CDA is still in charge of estate management, project execution and sector developments.
CapitaGreen
CapitaGreen, also known as Market Street Tower, is an office tower located in Raffles Place, Singapore. The building was designed by Toyo Ito and completed in 2014. With a height of 245 m (804 ft), it is one of the tallest skyscrapers in Singapore.

Toyo Ito
Toyo Ito (伊東 豊雄, Itō Toyō; born 1 June 1941) is a Japanese architect known for creating conceptual architecture, in which he seeks to simultaneously express the physical and virtual worlds. He is a leading exponent of architecture that addresses the contemporary notion of a "simulated" city, and has been called "one of the world's most innovative and influential architects."

In 2013, Ito was awarded the Pritzker Prize, one of architecture's most prestigious prizes. He was a likely front-runner for the Pritzker Prize for the previous 10 years. A recent trend has seen less experienced and well-known winners, for example Chinese architect Wang Shu in 2012, and the award to Toyo Ito is seen as recognition of a lifetime's achievement in architecture.
Tora Bora Military Front
The Tora Bora Military Front (Pashto:  Tora Bora Nizami Mahaz) is an insurgent group in Nangarhar Province, Afghanistan. It is led by Anwarul Haq Mujahid. The faction broke away from Hezb-e Islami Khalis (HiK) following the death of HiK's leader Mohammad Yunus Khalis and an ensuing power struggle between Mujahid and Haji Din Mohammad.

In 2016, Anwar ul Haq pledged allegiance to the leadership of the Taliban.

The organization has published a magazine and website.

Mohammad Yunus Khalis
Mohammad Yunus Khalis (alternate spellings Yunis and Younas) (Pashto: محمد يونس خالص; c. 1919 – 19 July 2006) was a mujahideen commander in Afghanistan during the Soviet–Afghan War. His party was called Hezb-i-Islami ("Islamic Party"), the same as Gulbuddin Hekmatyar's party. The two are commonly differentiated as Hezb-e Islami Khalis and Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin.
Sululta
Sululta (Oromo: Sulultaa) is a town and woreda in Oromia Region, Ethiopia. It was part of former Mulona Sululta woreda which was separated for Mulo and Sululta woredas. Part of the Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne, Sululta is bordered to the south by the city of Addis Ababa, to the west by the Mulo and West Shewa Zone, to the north by North Shewa Zone, and to the east by Bereh. Towns in Sululta include Chancho, Durba, Muger Sheleko, Rob Gebeya, Sululta and Segno Gebeya.

Durba
Dubra (Oromo: "virgin") is a town in central Ethiopia. Located in the Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne, about 70 km north of Addis Ababa, this town has a latitude and longitude of 9°26′N 38°39′E﻿ / ﻿9.433°N 38.650°E﻿ / 9.433; 38.650 with an elevation of 2450 meters above sea level. The town sits above the canyon of the Muger River, near the largest falls of the Muger.

Dubra is important for being one of the major sites for the production of cement in Ethiopia. In 2006, the Muger Cement Factory plant announced it would expand its facilities. In 2008, Mohammed Al-Amoudi's Derba Midroc Cement company announced it would establish its own cement factory 8 km from Durba.

Based on figures from the Central Statistical Agency in 2005, Dubra has an estimated total population of 2,188 of whom 1,053 were men and 1,135 were women. The 1994 census reported this town had a total population of 1,225 of whom 571 were men and 654 were women. It is one of six towns in Mulona Sululta woreda.
Achimota Forest
Achimota Forest Reserve is a forest in Achimota in the Okaikwei North Municipality in the Greater Accra Region. It is located approximately 7.6 km (4.7 mi) from Accra. It is under protection against unauthorized usage such as poaching, construction of homes, hunting and shopping malls by individuals and groups. It is one of the green facilities in Accra assisting with control of carbon emissions.

Achimota
Achimota (/ɑːtʃimoʊtɑː/ ah-ch-ee-m-oh-t-ah), is a town in the Accra Metropolitan District, a district of the Greater Accra Region of Ghana.  Achimota means "speak no name" in the Ga language. In pre-colonial Ghana, its forbidden forest was a "silent" refuge for runaway slaves.
Zwiefalten Abbey
The Abbey of Our Lady of Zwiefalten, more commonly known as Zwiefalten Abbey (German: Kloster Zwiefalten, Abtei Zwiefalten or, after 1750, Reichsabtei Zwiefalten) is a former Benedictine monastery situated at Zwiefalten, near Reutlingen, in the German State of Baden-Württemberg. Zwiefalten lies on the touristic Upper Swabian Baroque Route.  The abbey church is a major example of baroque architecture.

The complex is now the home of a psychiatric clinic.

William of Hirsau
William of Hirsau (German: Wilhelm von Hirschau; c. 1030 – 5 July 1091) was a Benedictine abbot and monastic reformer. He was abbot of Hirsau Abbey, for whom he created the Constitutiones Hirsaugienses, based on the uses of Cluny, and was the father of the Hirsau Reforms, which influenced many Benedictine monasteries in Germany.  He supported the papacy in the Investiture Controversy. In the Roman Catholic Church, he is a Blessed, the second of three steps toward recognition as a saint.
An Inquiry Concerning the Source of the Heat Which Is Excited by Friction
"An Inquiry Concerning the Source of the Heat Which Is Excited by Friction" is a scientific paper by Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford, which was published in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society in 1798. The paper provided a substantial challenge to established theories of heat, and began the 19th century revolution in thermodynamics.

Benjamin Thompson
Colonel Sir Benjamin Thompson, Count Rumford, FRS (26 March 1753 – 21 August 1814), was an American-born British military officer, scientist and inventor. Born in Woburn, Massachusetts, he supported the Loyalist cause during the American War of Independence, commanding the King's American Dragoons during the conflict. After the war ended in 1783, Thompson moved to London, where he was recognised for his administrative talents and received a knighthood from George III in 1784.

A prolific scientist and inventor, Thompson also created several new warship designs. He subsequently moved to the Electorate of Bavaria and entered into the employ of the Bavarian government, heavily reorganising the Bavarian Army. Thompson was rewarded for his efforts by being made an Imperial Count in 1792 before dying in Paris in 1814.
Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand
Objectivism: The Philosophy of Ayn Rand is a 1991 book by the philosopher Leonard Peikoff, in which the author discusses the ideas of his mentor, Ayn Rand. Peikoff describes it as "the first comprehensive statement" of Rand's philosophy, Objectivism. The book is based on a series of lecture courses that Peikoff first gave in 1976 and that Rand publicly endorsed. Peikoff states that only Rand was qualified to write the definitive statement of her philosophic system, and that the book should be seen as an interpretation "by her best student and chosen heir." The book is volume six of the "Ayn Rand Library" series edited by Peikoff.

Leonard Peikoff
Leonard Sylvan Peikoff (/ˈpiːkɒf/; born October 15, 1933) is a Canadian American philosopher. He is an Objectivist and was a close associate of Ayn Rand, who designated him heir to her estate. Peikoff is a former professor of philosophy and host of a nationally syndicated radio talk show. He co-founded the Ayn Rand Institute (ARI) in 1985 and is the author of several books on philosophy.
Michigan City High School
Michigan City High School is located in Michigan City, Indiana. It is a part of the Michigan City Area Schools school district.

In addition to Michigan City, the district (of which, this is the sole comprehensive high school), covers Long Beach, Michiana Shores, Pottawattamie Park, and Trail Creek in LaPorte County, as well as Beverly Shores and the Town of Pines in Porter County.

Long Beach, Indiana
Long Beach is a town in Michigan Township, LaPorte County, Indiana,  United States. As of the 2020 census, Long Beach had a population of 1,189. It is included in the Michigan City, Indiana-La Porte, Indiana Metropolitan statistical area.
1935 Newcastle by-election
A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Newcastle on 1 June 1935. This was triggered by the death of long-serving Labor MP David Watkins. Following Watkins' death, only Billy Hughes and Senator George Pearce remained of those elected at the first federal election in 1901.

The by-election was won by Watkins' son, David Oliver Watkins. As Newcastle was the only remaining New South Wales seat held by the federal Labor Party, the by-election was closely fought with the breakaway New South Wales Labor Party, supporters of the controversial former premier Jack Lang.

David Watkins (Australian politician)
David Watkins (5 May 1865 – 8 April 1935) was an Australian politician. He was an Australian Labor Party member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Wallsend from 1894 until 1901. At Federation, he was elected to the new Australian House of Representatives as the Labor member for Newcastle and served until his death in 1935. Watkins' death left former Prime Minister Billy Hughes as the only remaining member of the First Parliament still in the House.
Jimmy Hogan
James Hogan (16 October 1882 – 30 January 1974) was an English football player and coach. He enjoyed some success as a footballer, reaching an FA Cup semi-final with Fulham in 1907–08, but his primary legacy is as a pioneer of the game and as an innovative coach across multiple European club and national sides. Named "the most influential coach there has ever been" by Jonathan Wilson, Hogan is regarded by some as the architect of Total Football.

Combination Game
The Combination Game was a style of association football based around teamwork and cooperation. It would gradually favour the passing of the ball between players over individual dribbling skills which had been a notable feature of early Association games. It developed from "scientific" football and is considered to be the predecessor of the modern passing game of football. It originated in Britain and its origins are associated with early clubs: Sheffield FC (founded 1857), The Royal Engineers AFC (founded 1863), Queen's Park FC (founded 1867) and Cambridge University AFC (founded 1856). Each of these claimants is supported by retrospective accounts from men who were notable in the early history of football. They are considered below in the order of earliest contemporary evidence of "scientific" football playing styles.
Tisbury, Massachusetts
Tisbury is a town on Martha's Vineyard in Massachusetts. The population was 4,815 at the 2020 census.

Vineyard Haven is the main village/town center of Tisbury. The two names are used interchangeably. As can be seen in the history section below, the town of Tisbury was incorporated within the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in 1671, and remains the legal name of the town to this day. However, the port and harbor have had varying names. "Holmes Hole" was one of the first names of the port within the town of Tisbury. This name was later changed to "Vineyard Haven", which is the official post office name for the community. To residents of Martha's Vineyard, "Vineyard Haven" is by far the more common usage, although residents recognize Tisbury as the town's legal name.

Vineyard Haven in Tisbury is the main port of entrance to Martha's Vineyard, and is the only operational port on the island during most of the year.

Tisbury, Wiltshire
Tisbury is a large village and civil parish approximately 13 miles (21 km) west of Salisbury in the English county of Wiltshire. With a population at the 2011 census of 2,253 it is a centre for communities around the upper River Nadder and Vale of Wardour. The parish includes the hamlets of Upper Chicksgrove and Wardour.

Tisbury is the largest settlement within the Cranborne Chase and West Wiltshire Downs Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (larger nearby settlements such as Salisbury and Shaftesbury are just outside it).
Meteor Garden (2001 TV series)
Meteor Garden (Chinese: 流星花園; pinyin: Liúxīng Huāyuán) is a 2001 Taiwanese television drama series broadcast by CTS. The series is based on the Japanese manga series Boys Over Flowers (花より男子, Hana Yori Dango) by Yoko Kamio, inspiring multiple adaptations thereafter. Directed by Tsai Yueh-hsun, it stars Barbie Hsu, Jerry Yan, Vic Chou, Ken Chu and Vanness Wu. It aired from 12 April to 16 August 2001, followed by an original sequel with the same cast in 2002.

A phenomenal success across Asia, the series launched the careers of its four male stars who formed the boy band F4, named after their fictional group in the story, and established Hsu as a lead actress. It is also credited with ushering in the idol drama genre and the golden era of Taiwanese TV shows.

Yoko Kamio
Yōko Kamio (神尾 葉子, Kamio Yōko; born June 29, 1966) is a Japanese manga artist. Her best known series Boys Over Flowers (花より男子, Hana Yori Dango), for which she received the Shogakukan Manga Award in 1996, is one of the best-selling manga series of all time and the best-selling shōjo manga of all time. Her work has been translated and distributed in Asia, Europe, and North America.