hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Norman Feather
Norman Feather FRS FRSE PRSE (16 November 1904 – 14 August 1978), was an English nuclear physicist.  Feather and Egon Bretscher were working at the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge in 1940, when they proposed that the 239 isotope of element 94 (plutonium) would be better able to sustain a nuclear chain reaction.  This research, a breakthrough, was part of the Tube Alloys project, the secret British project during World War II to develop nuclear weapons.

Feather was the author of a series of noted introductory texts on the history, fundamental concepts, and meaning of physics.

Cavendish Laboratory
The Cavendish Laboratory is the Department of Physics at the University of Cambridge, and is part of the School of Physical Sciences. The laboratory was opened in 1874 on the New Museums Site as a laboratory for experimental physics and is named after the British chemist and physicist Henry Cavendish. The laboratory has had a huge influence on research in the disciplines of physics and biology.

The laboratory moved to a new site in West Cambridge in 1974.  In 2025 it moved again to the Ray Dolby Centre, still in West Cambridge.

As of 2019, 30 Cavendish researchers have won Nobel Prizes. Notable discoveries to have occurred at the Cavendish Laboratory include the discovery of the electron, neutron, and structure of DNA.
San Millán/Donemiliaga
San Millán in Spanish or Donemiliaga in Basque is a scattered municipality made up of several villages located in the province of Araba (Álava), in the Basque Country, northern Spain. Its biggest nucleus is the village San Roman, lying at the south of the important road axis E-5 E-80 N-1 cutting its way east to west through the Alavese Plains. Other localities include Galarreta and Munain.

Munain
Munain is a hamlet and concejo in the municipality of San Millán/Donemiliaga, in Álava province, Basque Country, Spain. The Basque language was probably spoken in Munain until the late 18th century, but the main language now is Spanish.
Coco River
The Coco river (Spanish: Río Coco, Miskito: Wangki, formerly known as the Río Segovia, Cape River, or Yara River) is a river located on the border of northern Nicaragua and southern Honduras. It is the longest river that runs entirely within the Central American Isthmus with a total length of 841 km (523 mi).

The river originates in the Somoto Canyon National Monument, near where the Pan American Highway crosses into Nicaragua, and flows through low mountainous terrain 841 kilometres (523 mi) into the Caribbean Sea at Cabo Gracias a Dios; the middle and lower reaches form the Honduras-Nicaragua border.

On September 7, 2007, major international news wires reported that the Río Coco was over 11 metres (36 ft) above normal stage, two days after Category 5 Hurricane Felix made landfall.

Somoto Canyon National Monument
Somoto Canyon National Monument (Spanish: Monumento Nacional Cañón de Somoto) is a canyon located in the Madriz Department of Nicaragua. The Somoto Canyon National Monument protected area covers an area of approximately 170 hectares (420 acres), of which 125 hectares (310 acres) are in the actual zone of the canyon.

The confluence of the Tapacalí and Comali Rivers at the head of the canyon form the Coco River, which flows through the canyon and onward 750 kilometres (470 mi) to the Caribbean Sea.

The Somoto Canyon was declared a national monument on November 29, 2006. The Somoto Canyon National Monument comprises one of 78 protected areas of Nicaragua and is managed by Ministry of the Environment and Natural Resources (MARENA).
Mount Mawson
Mount Mawson  is a mountain and club skifield situated within the Mount Field National Park in southern Tasmania, Australia.

The mountain has an elevation of 1,318 metres (4,324 ft) above sea level, slightly lower than the 1,460 metres (4,790 ft) at Ben Lomond ski-field in northern Tasmania.  The summit of Mount Mawson is an isolated peak at the southeastern end of the Rodway Range, and is separated from the other higher peaks of the range to the northwest by the Mawson Plateau, which lies above 1,260 metres (4,130 ft).

By road, the mountain is located 89 kilometres (55 mi) north west of Hobart and 232 kilometres (144 mi) from Launceston.

Mount Field National Park
Mount Field National Park is a national park in Tasmania, Australia, 64 km northwest of Hobart. The landscape ranges from eucalyptus temperate rainforest to alpine moorland, rising to 1,434 metres (4,705 ft) at the summit of Mount Field West.
Aunuʻu, American Samoa
Aunuʻu is a small volcanic island off the southeastern shore of Tutuila in Saʻole County, American Samoa. It has a land area of 374.83 acres (0.59 sq mi; 1.52 km2), and a 2010 census population of 436 persons. Politically, it is a part of the Eastern District, one of the two primary political divisions of American Samoa.: 424

The island of Aunu’u is home to three villages: Le’auuliuli, Saluavatia, and Alofasau. Politically, the island is divided into two sections, Saole and Saleaaumua. The entirety of Saluavatia and half of Le’auuliuli are part of Saole, while the remaining half of Le’auuliuli, along with Alofasau, constitute Saleaaumua. The names of the villages are derived from the Samoan language. Le’auuliuli translates to "the black stalk," whereas Saluavatia means "a second Vatia."

Since the 1960s, the Aunuʻu people's main economic activity has been growing taro and producing faausi.

Kaimiloa
HHMS Kaimiloa was a warship of the Hawaiian Royal Navy. The ship was formerly the Explorer, a 170-ton schooner, built in England in 1871. Kaimiloa sailed from Hawaii to Samoa and other Pacific islands in 1887 in an effort by King Kalākaua to form a confederation of Polynesian states to counteract European imperialism. The instance nearly resulted in military conflict between the Kingdom of Hawaii and the German Empire, who viewed Samoa as their possession in the Pacific. It was also used as a training ship.

In the Hawaiian language, kaimiloa (from ka ʻimi loa) means "one who seeks afar" which roughly translates 'explorer'.
Slavena Vatova
Slavena Vatova (Bulgarian: Славена Вътова, born 1989) is a Bulgarian model and beauty pageant titleholder who won the title of Miss Bulgaria 2006.

In 2005, Slavena won the Miss Black Sea contest and a year later in 2006 she was selected as Miss Bulgaria. She represented her country at Miss World 2006. In 2019, she became part of the jury in the program Balgariya tarsi talant.

Balgariya tarsi talant
Balgariya tarsi talant  (English: Bulgaria Searches for a Talent) is the Bulgarian version of the Got Talent series. It launched on bTV on 1 March 2010. Singers, dancers, comedians, variety acts, and other performers compete against each other for audience support. The winner of the show will receive 60,000 leva (about €30,000).

The first season of the show was produced by Global Films. It competed with Nova Television's Big Brother Family.
United States House Agriculture Subcommittee on Conservation, Research, and Biotechnology
The House Subcommittee on Conservation, Research, and Biotechnology is a subcommittee within the House Agriculture Committee. It was first created during the 110th Congress as the Subcommittee on Horticulture and Organic Agriculture, though horticulture is no longer under its jurisdiction.

It is currently chaired by Republican Jim Baird of Indiana. Its Ranking Member is Democrat Jill Tokuda of Hawaii.

Jill Tokuda
Jill Naomi Tokuda (born March 3, 1976) is an American politician and business owner serving as the U.S. representative for Hawaii's 2nd congressional district since 2023.

Tokuda is one of three Japanese Americans who currently serve in the House of Representatives. A member of the Democratic Party, she previously represented the 24th district in the Hawaiʻi Senate from 2006 to 2018.
Mount Kyminas
Mount Kyminas (Greek: Όρος Κύμινας) is the historical Byzantine name of a mountain in Bithynia, in present-day Bursa Province, Turkey. Its exact location is uncertain, although it was likely located somewhere slightly north of the city of Bursa. Christian ascetics and monks lived on the mountain during the Byzantine period. By the Ottoman period, Christian monks were no longer living at Mount Kyminas.

Christian monks who lived on the mountain included Athanasius the Athonite, Michael Maleinos (who was the abbot of the lavra at Mount Kyminas), and Thomas Dephourkinos.

Athanasius the Athonite
Athanasius the Athonite (Greek: Ἀθανάσιος ὁ Ἀθωνίτης; c. 920 – c. 1003), was a Byzantine monk who is considered the founder of the monastic community on the peninsula of Mount Athos, which has since evolved into the greatest centre of Eastern Orthodox monasticism.
Dag Øistein Endsjø
Dag Øistein Endsjø (born 11 November 1968) is a Norwegian professor in the study of religion and expert in human rights at the University of Oslo, Norway. He is the most translated Norwegian scholar in religion, published in thirteen languages.

Fjord Municipality
Fjord is a municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Sunnmøre. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Stordal. Other villages in the municipality include Valldal, Eidsdal, Norddal, Tafjord, Fjørå/Selboskarbygda, Sylte. The name Fjord is a common word and name part in Norway and was chosen for the new municipality established in 2020 for reasons of search engine optimization, despite not having any historical tradition in the municipality.

The 1,191-square-kilometre (460 sq mi) municipality is the 92nd largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Fjord Municipality is the 255th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,492. The municipality's population density is 2.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (5.4/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 8.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Viktor Gjika
Viktor Gjika (23 June 1937 – 3 March 2009) was an Albanian director, filmmaker and screenwriter. For his distinguished and remarkable contribution to the cinema, he was awarded the highest title as People's Artist in 1985. He graduated from VKIG Cinematographic Institute of Moscow in Russia. Together with a classmate, presenting their academic degree when graduated, they shot the short film Nobody Ever Dies, based on Ernest Hemingway's story of the same name, which was awarded the First Prize at the Worldwide Cinematographic Institutes Film Festival in the Netherlands in 1961. He created more than 15 movies and over 25 documentary films.

He was the general director of Shqipëria e Re National Film Studio in Tirana for almost 10 years in the 1980s, until 1991.

He was a member of several international film festival juries such as Giffoni Film Festival, Annecy Film Festival, and others.

The General Gramophone
The Gramophone General (Albanian: Gjeneral Gramafoni) is a 1979 Albanian drama film directed and written by Vath Koreshi. The soundtrack by Aleksandër Peçi was recorded by Remzi Lela and Mentor Xhemali. A 4K resolution restoration was released in 2023.
Caniba (film)
Caniba is a 2017 French documentary film produced, filmed, edited and directed by Véréna Paravel and Lucien Castaing-Taylor, capturing the notorious Japanese cannibal Issei Sagawa's late life as a free man.

The film had its world premiere in the Orizzonti section of the 74th Venice International Film Festival on 4 September 2017, where it was awarded the Special Jury Prize.

74th Venice International Film Festival
The 74th annual Venice International Film Festival was held from 30 August to 9 September 2017, at Venice Lido in Italy.

American actress Annette Bening was the jury president for the main competition. Italian actor Alessandro Borghi hosted the opening and closing nights of the festival. The Golden Lion was awarded to The Shape of Water by Guillermo del Toro.

A new section for virtual-reality (VR) films was introduced in this edition of the festival, as part of the Official Selection. 22 films were selected for the first-ever competition for films made in VR, while several more were presented in out-of-competition subsections.

The festival opened with Downsizing by Alexander Payne, and closed with Outrage Coda by Takeshi Kitano.
Opéra national du Rhin
The Opéra national du Rhin is an opera company which performs in Alsace, eastern France. It includes the Opéras in Strasbourg, in Mulhouse, where the Ballet de l'Opéra national du Rhin, also known as the Ballet Du Rhin, is based, and in Colmar, with its Opéra Studio, a training centre for young singers. Thee organisation has held the status of "national opera" since 1997.

The Orchestre philharmonique de Strasbourg and the Orchestre symphonique de Mulhouse are the usual orchestras of this institution.

Nicholas Snowman
Michael Nicholas Snowman OBE (18 March 1944 – 2 March 2023) was a British arts administrator and the chairman of the jewellers Wartski. In 2000, The Telegraph called him "one of the most influential figures in British classical music for the past 30 years".
The Chess Player (1938 film)
The Chess Player (French: Le joueur d'échecs) is a 1938 French historical drama film directed by Jean Dréville and starring Françoise Rosay, Conrad Veidt and Bernard Lancret. It is a remake of the 1927 silent film The Chess Player, itself based on the 1926 novel of the same title by Henry Dupuy-Mazuel. The film takes place in Vilnius  during the reign of Catherine the Great.

It was shot at the Cité Elgé studios in Paris. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Lucien Aguettand and Marcel Magniez. It was released by Compagnie Française Cinématographique in France and Columbia Pictures in the United States

Henry Dupuy-Mazuel
Henry Dupuy-Mazuel (May 17, 1885 – April 23, 1962) was a French author. He wrote plays and novels, employing the pseudonym Henry Catalan for his Soeur Angèle detective novels. Some of his work was adapted to films.

Sociéte des Films Historiques contracted for him to write an account of The Turk, an automaton chess player, and funded theatrical and cinematic adaptations.

He was co-director of Monde Illustré.
Al Petteway
Al Petteway was an American guitarist known primarily for his acoustic fingerstyle work both as a soloist and with well-known folk artists such as Amy White, Tom Paxton, Jethro Burns, Jonathan Edwards, Cheryl Wheeler, Debi Smith, Bonnie Rideout, Maggie Sansone and many others.  His own compositions rely heavily on Celtic and Appalachian influences and he is known for his use of DADGAD tuning.

DADGAD
D A D G A D, or Celtic tuning, is an alternative guitar tuning most associated with Celtic music, though it has also found use in rock, folk, metal and several other genres. Instead of the standard tuning (E2 A2 D3 G3 B3 E4) the six guitar strings are tuned, from low to high,  D2 A2 D3 G3 A3 D4 .

Tuning to D A D G A D from standard is accomplished by tuning the first, second, and sixth strings down a whole tone (two frets). The result is an open D, suspended fourth chord. Being suspended, the open tuning is neither intrinsically major nor minor.
King's Wood, Heath and Reach
King's Wood is an area of ancient woodland in the parish of Heath and Reach in Bedfordshire, England.  The wood lies north of the village of Heath and Reach and east of Great Brickhill and with neighboring Bakers Wood forms the largest area of ancient woodland in Bedfordshire. Much of the wood lies within Kings Wood and Rushmere National Nature Reserve, jointly owned and managed by the Greensand Trust, Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Northamptonshire, Central Bedfordshire Council and Tarmac Aggregates. Kings Wood and many parts of the National Nature Reserve are part of a Site of Special Scientific Interest named Kings and Bakers Woods and Heaths, which also includes Rammamere Heath in Buckinghamshire and Shire Oak Heath in Bedfordshire.

Heath and Reach
Heath and Reach is a village and civil parish near the Chiltern Hills in Bedfordshire, England. It is 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Leighton Buzzard and 3 miles (4.8 km) south of Woburn and adjoins the county boundary with Buckinghamshire. Nearby places are Leighton-Linslade, Great Brickhill and the Duke of Bedford's Woburn Abbey, Woburn Safari Park and Woburn Golf Club.

St Leonard's Church dates from the 1580s.

Located 40 miles (64 km) from central London, the village is 6 miles (9.7 km) from the M1 and benefits from a non-stop fast train from nearby Leighton Buzzard to Euston in just 30 minutes.
Carpathian Military District
The Red Banner Carpathian Military District (Russian: Краснознамённый Прикарпатский военный округ, romanized: Krasnoznamyonniy voyénnyy ókrug, Ukrainian: Червонопрапорний Прикарпатський військовий округ, romanized: Chervonoprapornyi Prykarpatskyi viyskovyi okruh) was a military district of the Soviet Armed Forces during the Cold War and subsequently of the Armed Forces of Ukraine during the early Post-Soviet period.

It was established on 3 May 1946 on the base of the 1st Ukrainian Front, 4th Ukrainian Front, and Lviv Military District. It became part of the Armed Forces of Ukraine in 1991 and was disbanded by being redesignated the Western Operational Command in January 1998.

1st Ukrainian Front
The 1st Ukrainian Front (Russian: Пéрвый Украи́нский фронт), previously the Voronezh Front (Воронежский Фронт), was a major formation of the Red Army during World War II, being equivalent to a Western army group. They took part in the capture of Berlin, the capital of Nazi Germany.
For a While (album)
For A While is the sixth studio album by Chicago based alt-country band Dolly Varden and their first album since the 2007 The Panic Bell release. The official release date for the album was January 21, 2013 but pre-release copies were made available as early as October 2012.

Steve Dawson took over all the song writing duties for this album and the songs have been described as some of his most accessible, autobiographical and cohesive.  Dawson himself described the album as the "most contented thematically", citing agitation and frustration in some of the previous Dolly Varden albums, and as having themes of "mortality, retrospection and gratitude."

Dolly Varden (band)
Dolly Varden is a Chicago band built around the singing and songwriting of husband and wife duo Steve Dawson and Diane Christiansen. Their music combines elements of folk, rock and pop and country. The band has released 5 albums, along with several collections and side projects.
The Seven Raymonds
The Seven Raymonds were a comic revue troupe founded in 1987 by University of Oxford undergraduates.

The Seven Raymonds were Stewart Lee, Richard Herring, Emma Kennedy, Michael Cosgrave, Richard Canning, and Jo Renshaw. They supported the Oxford Revue at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe in 1987.

They appeared at the Edinburgh Fringe in 1987 in the show The Seven Raymonds: KMnO4 – The Potassium Permanganate Extravaganza.

The troupe fell out over the continuing involvement of Jo Renshaw. After Renshaw was told she could not take part further, arguments ensued and Richard Canning subsequently left the group. He was replaced by comic writer Tim Richardson.

Lee and Herring became a successful double act on radio and television. Cosgrave became a jazz musician with Celtic band Sin É and the bluegrass/jam band Daily Planet. Kennedy became a television presenter, actress and writer. Canning is an academic. Richardson works as a journalist and writer.

Stewart Lee
Stewart Graham Lee (born 5 April 1968) is an English comedian. His stand-up routine is characterised by repetition, internal reference, and deadpan delivery.

Lee began his career in 1989 and formed the comedy duo Lee and Herring with Richard Herring. In 2001, he co-wrote and co-directed the West End hit musical Jerry Springer: The Opera, a critical success that sparked a backlash from Christian right groups who staged a series of protests outside its early performances. In 2011, he won British Comedy Awards for Best Male Television Comic and Best Comedy Entertainment Programme for his series Stewart Lee's Comedy Vehicle. He has written music reviews for publications including The Sunday Times.

In 2009, The Times referred to Lee as "the comedian's comedian, and for good reason" and named him "face of the decade". In 2012, he was placed at No. 9 on a poll of the 100 most influential people in UK comedy. In 2018, The Times named him as the best current English-language comedian.
The Land of Hope (2012 film)
The Land of Hope (Japanese: 希望の国, Hepburn: Kibō no Kuni) is a 2012 Japanese film directed by Sion Sono. Following a nuclear accident, nearby residents are forced to evacuate. A pregnant evacuee fears that she is still at risk from radiation even in her new location, while her in-laws refuse to leave their home.

Sion Sono
Sion Sono (園 子温, Sono Shion; born December 18, 1961) is a Japanese filmmaker, author, and poet. Best known on the festival circuit for the film Love Exposure (2008), he has been called "the most subversive filmmaker working in Japanese cinema today", a "stakhanovist filmmaker" with an "idiosyncratic" career.
Gordia
Gordia is an ichnofossil known from Precambrian to modern sediments and is the most common trace fossil in the Kaili biota displaying "smooth, cylindrical or subcylindrical, non-branching, winding and irregularly curving burrows, commonly self-overcrossing". Probably made by a worm-like creature displaying fodinichnial (sediment scavenging) behaviour.  It takes the form of unlined, curving parallel-walled burrows that often end with a nub, probably created as the creature probed the over- or under-lying sediment. It resembles Helminthopsis and Haplotichnus.

Kaili Formation
The Kaili Formation (simplified Chinese: 凯里组; traditional Chinese: 凱里組; pinyin: Kǎilǐ zǔ) is a stratigraphic formation which was deposited during the Lower and Middle Cambrian (~513 to 506 million years ago). The formation is approximately 200 metres (660 ft) thick and was named after the city Kaili in the Guizhou province of southwest China.

The depositional environment of the Kaili Formation is not entirely known, and there are two hypotheses for its formation. It may have been a nearshore marine environment with 'normal' levels of oxygenation; or it may have been a deeper water environment further from the shore, on the open continental shelf; in this setting oxygen would not be available below the surface layers of the deposited sediment. The trace fossil assemblages in the formation suggest that it was below the wave base and was reasonably well-oxygenated.
Nansei, Mie
Nansei (南勢町, Nansei-chō) was a town located in Watarai District, Mie Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 9,907 and a density of 90.15 persons per km2. The total area was 109.89 km2.

On October 1, 2005, Nansei, along with the town of Nantō (also from Watarai District), was merged to create the town of Minamiise and thus no longer exists as an independent municipality.

It is known, medically, for having a high incidence of Motor Neuron Disease amongst its population; it is one of 3 global "hot spots". Reasons for this are yet unknown.

Minamiise, Mie
Minamiise (南伊勢町, Minamiise-chō) is a town located in Watarai District, Mie Prefecture, Japan.  As of 1 August 2021, the town had an estimated population of 11,745 in 5752 households and a population density of 48 persons per km2. The total area of the town was 241.89 square kilometres (93.39 sq mi).