hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Geopotential
Geopotential (symbol W) is the potential of the Earth's gravity field. It has SI units of square metre per square seconds (m2/s2). For convenience it is often defined as the negative of the potential energy per unit mass, so that the gravity vector is obtained as the gradient of the geopotential, without the negation. In addition to the actual potential (the geopotential), a theoretical normal potential (symbol U) and their difference, the disturbing potential (T = W − U), can also be defined.

Gravitational potential
In classical mechanics, the gravitational potential is a scalar potential associating with each point in space the work (energy transferred) per unit mass that would be needed to move an object to that point from a fixed reference point in the conservative gravitational field. It is analogous to the electric potential with mass playing the role of charge. The reference point, where the potential is zero, is by convention infinitely far away from any mass, resulting in a negative potential at any finite distance. Their similarity is correlated with both associated fields having conservative forces.

Mathematically, the gravitational potential is also known as the Newtonian potential and is fundamental in the study of potential theory. It may also be used for solving the electrostatic and magnetostatic fields generated by uniformly charged or polarized ellipsoidal bodies.
Thomas Sheridan (actor)
Thomas Sheridan (1719 – 14 August 1788) was an Irish stage actor, an educator, and a major proponent of the elocution movement. He received his M.A. in 1743 from Trinity College in Dublin, and was the godson of Jonathan Swift. He also published a "respelled" dictionary of the English language (1780). He was married (1747) to Frances Chamberlaine. His sons were the better known Richard Brinsley Sheridan and Charles Francis Sheridan, while his daughters were also writers - Alicia, a playwright, and Betsy Sheridan a diarist. His work is very noticeable in the writings of Hugh Blair.

Alicia Sheridan Le Fanu
Alicia "Lissy" Sheridan Le Fanu (1753–1817) was an Anglo-Irish writer. She was the daughter of actor Thomas Sheridan and his wife, writer Frances Chamberlaine Sheridan. She was the sister of Richard Brinsley Sheridan and Betsy Sheridan and the aunt of writer Alicia LeFanu (with whom she is sometimes confused).
German Township, Fayette County, Pennsylvania
German Township is a township in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 4,672 at the 2020 census, a decline from the figure of 5,097 tabulated in 2010. McClellandtown is the township's largest village. The Albert Gallatin Area School District serves the region.

McClellandtown, Edenborn, Leckrone, Ronco, Footedale, Adah, Palmer, Hibbs, and Lambert are located within the township.

Fayette County, Pennsylvania
Fayette County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. It is located in southwestern Pennsylvania, adjacent to Maryland and West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 128,804. Its county seat is Uniontown. The county was created on September 26, 1783, from part of Westmoreland County and named after the Marquis de Lafayette. The county is part of the Southwest region of the commonwealth.

Fayette County is part of the Pittsburgh, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area. The southern border of Fayette County is the southern border of Pennsylvania at both the Pennsylvania–Maryland state line (the Mason–Dixon line) and the Pennsylvania–West Virginia state line.
Lambert, Count of Hesbaye
Lambert was the father of a Frankish noble named Robert, who was described in 741 AD as a "count or duke" in the neighbouring regions of Hesbaye, in what is now northeastern Belgium, and Maasau, which stretches into what is now the Netherlands. No other record about this Lambert exists.

Lambert's own life details and family remains unknown, although it has been proposed based on the use of the names Robert and Lambert that he was the son or paternal grandson of Robert II (Chrodobert II), Lord Chancellor of Francia, and a close relative of his contemporary and namesake, Saint Lambert of Maastricht.

Lambert had at least one son. Other children have been proposed:

Robert I, Count of Hesbaye, count or duke in Hesbaye and Maasau

Rotrude of Hesbaye, wife of Charles Martel and mother of Carloman (mayor of the palace) and Pepin the Short.

Possibly Landrade de Hesbaye, who was possibly the mother of Chrodegang

Chrodegang
Chrodegang (Latin: Chrodogangus; German: Chrodegang, Hruotgang; died 6 March 766) was the Frankish Bishop of Metz from 742 or 748 until his death. He served as chancellor for his kinsman, Charles Martel. Chrodegang is claimed to be a progenitor of the Frankish dynasty of the Robertians. He is recognized as a saint in the Catholic Church.
1896 Milwaukee mayoral election
An election for Mayor of Milwaukee was held on April 8, 1896. Milwaukee Common Council president William C. Rauschenberger was elected with 42% of the vote.

Candidates included Milwaukee Common Council president William C. Rauschenberger, attorney Glenway Maxon, former congressman Henry Smith, and Socialist John Pfluger.

Henry Smith (Wisconsin politician)
Henry Smith (July 22, 1838 – September 16, 1916) was an American millwright, architect, builder, and politician from Milwaukee, Wisconsin.  He served one term in the U.S. House of Representatives, representing Wisconsin's 4th congressional district as a member of the Union Labor Party during the 50th United States Congress (1887–1889).  He previously served in the Wisconsin State Assembly as a socialist, during the 1878 term.  In addition to his runs for office on the Union Labor and Socialist tickets, at various other times in his career he ran for office on the Greenback, Populist, or Democratic Party tickets.
Tahoka Independent School District
The Tahoka Independent School District is a public school district based in Tahoka, Texas (United States). Located in Lynn County, the district extends into a small portion of Terry County.

The history of Tahoka ISD dates back to the early 1900s. In 1903, Tahoka School District No. 2 was created to serve the southern part of Lynn County. The district expanded through a series of consolidations with smaller schools. On September 26, 1940, high school students from Edith, Midway, New Lynn, Dixie, Three Lakes, and Grassland were sent to Tahoka. In 1947, the Edith School District consolidated with Tahoka, along with Three Lakes and Westpoint. The final two consolidations were Midway in 1949 and Grassland in 1957.

In 2009, the school district was rated "recognized" by the Texas Education Agency.

Lynn County, Texas
Lynn County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 5,596. Its county seat is Tahoka. The county was created in 1876 and organized in 1903.

Lynn County, along with Crosby and Lubbock Counties, is part of the Lubbock Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA). The Lubbock MSA and Levelland Micropolitan Statistical Area (μSA), encompassing only Hockley County, form the larger Lubbock–Levelland Combined Statistical Area (CSA).

Lynn County was one of 30 prohibition, or entirely dry, counties in Texas, but is now a moist county.

The county has two historical museums, the O'Donnell Heritage Museum, with a Dan Blocker room in O'Donnell, and the Tahoka Pioneer Museum in Tahoka.

The county is also home to the Lynn County Hospital District that provides medical care to the county and surrounding area.
Bluegrass Album Band
Bluegrass Album Band was a bluegrass supergroup, founded by Tony Rice and J. D. Crowe in 1980. Originally, there was no intention to build a permanent group and the main reason for the collaboration was to record a solo album for Tony Rice. They found that this cooperation could work and the result was an album called The Bluegrass Album, released in 1981, with 5 more volumes of music to follow.  On September 5, 2012, they announced a reunion show that was held at Bluegrass First Class in Asheville, NC on February 16, 2013.  This event reunited the Bluegrass Album Band with their former manager and promoter, Milton Harkey.

J. D. Crowe
James Dee Crowe (August 27, 1937 – December 24, 2021) was an American banjo player and bluegrass band leader. He first became known during his four-year stint with Jimmy Martin in the 1950s. Crowe led the bluegrass group New South from 1971 until his death in 2021.
Lina Nikolakopoulou
Evangelia (Lina) Nikolakopoulou (Λίνα Νικολακοπούλου) is widely recognised as one of the foremost lyricists in Greece. She was born in Methana on 30 June 1957 and studied social and political sciences at the Panteion University in Athens. This is where she met the composer Stamatis Kraounakis, with whom she has made several records. Kukloforo kai Oploforo by Alkistis Protopsalti, Mama Gernao by Tania Tsanaklidou, Meno Ektos by Eleftheria Arvanitaki, Kratai chronia afti i kolognia (1990) composed by Thanos Mikroutsikos and sung by Haris Alexiou, Di Efchon (1992) composed by Nikos Antypas and sung by Haris Alexiou and many others are only some of the records that she has participated in.

In 2007, she made the record Dama Coupe with Dimitra Galani. In 2008, she took a quite new band Trifono (three voices) and made a record with them.

Methana
Methana (Greek: Μέθανα, Méthana) is a town and a former municipality on the Peloponnese peninsula, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Troizinia-Methana, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 50.161 km2.

Methana is situated on a volcanic (the Methana Volcano) peninsula, attached to the Peloponnese. Administratively, it belongs to the Attica region. The town (pop. 892 in 2011) is located north of the road connecting to the rest of the Peloponnese and Galatas. The highest point is 740 metres (2,428 feet) (Helona Mountain). The municipal unit has a land area of 50.161 square kilometres (19.367 square miles) and a population of 1,352 inhabitants at the 2021 census.
American Beauty (Ferber novel)
American Beauty is a 1931 novel by American author Edna Ferber first published by Doubleday Doran. Set in the Housatonic region of Connecticut, the story, spanning from the year 1700 to 1930, relates the steady decline of the Oakes family and their property, as well as their tense relations with Polish immigrants.

The title comes from a line within the book. According to the story, Christopher Wren, who helped design the Oakes family mansion, said Connecticut has "a kind of American beauty," resembling Kent but possessing larger and higher landscapes.

Edna Ferber
Edna Ferber (August 15, 1885 – April 16, 1968) was an American novelist, short story writer and playwright. Her novels include the Pulitzer Prize-winning So Big (1924), Show Boat (1926; made into the celebrated 1927 musical), Cimarron (1930; adapted into the 1931 film which won the Academy Award for Best Picture), Giant (1952; made into the 1956 film of the same name) and Ice Palace (1958), which also received a film adaptation in 1960. She helped adapt her short story "Old Man Minick", published in 1922, into a play (Minick) and it was thrice adapted to film, in 1925 as the silent film Welcome Home, in 1932 as The Expert, and in 1939 as No Place to Go.
2024 Lamar Cardinals baseball team
The 2024 Lamar Cardinals baseball team represented Lamar University during the 2024 NCAA Division I baseball season as members of the Southland Conference. The Cardinals played their home games at Vincent–Beck Stadium and were led by eighth–year head coach Will Davis.  On May 16, the team clinched at least a share of the conference regular season championship.  The Cardinals moved to sole regular season champions due to a 6–10 Nicholls loss to McNeese in both teams' final regular season game on May 18.  The team compiled a 44–15 overall record and were 17–7 in conference play winning the regular season championship.  They qualified for the SLC tournament as the number 1 seed.  The Cardinals advanced to the tournament semi–finals with a 3–2 tournament record losing their first game 3–6 to 8th seeded Incarnate Word and winning three elimination games defeating 4th seeded Northwestern State 12–5, Incarnate Word 18–6 7, and McNeese 18–9.  Their season ended with a loss to McNeese 4–14 7.

2024 Northwestern State Demons baseball team
The 2024 Northwestern State Demons baseball team represented Northwestern State University during the 2024 NCAA Division I baseball season. The Demons played their home games at H. Alvin Brown–C. C. Stroud Field and were led by first–year head coach Chris Bertrand. They are members of the Southland Conference. They compiled a 22–33 overall record and finished with an 11–13 record tied for 4th place in conference play.  Qualifying as the #4 seeded team in the SLC tournament, the Demons' season ended with a 0–2 in tournament play losing 5–10 to #5 seeded McNeese and 5–12 to #1 seeded Lamar.
Velikooktyabrsky
Velikooktyabrsky (Russian: Великооктя́брьский) is an urban-type settlement in Firovsky District of Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located on the left bank of the Tsna River. Population:  2,273 (2010 census); 2,659 (2002 census); 3,019 (1989 Soviet census).

Firovsky District
Firovsky District  (Russian: Фи́ровский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast and borders with the urban-type settlement of Ozyorny in the north, Bologovsky District in the northeast, Vyshnevolotsky District in the east, Kuvshinovsky District in the south, Ostashkovsky District in the southwest, Demyansky District of Novgorod Oblast in the west, and with Valdaysky District, also of Novgorod Oblast, in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,836 square kilometers (709 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Firovo. Population: 9,396 (2010 Census);  11,919 (2002 Census); 14,282 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Firovo accounts for 25.9% of the district's total population.
IK Oskarshamn
Ishockeyklubben Oskarshamn, commonly known as IK Oskarshamn, is an ice hockey club from Oskarshamn in Sweden. The team plays in the second-highest league, the HockeyAllsvenskan. The 2019–20 season was the team's first season in the top-tier league, the Swedish Hockey League.

HockeyAllsvenskan
HockeyAllsvenskan (previously Allsvenskan and SuperAllsvenskan) is a professional ice hockey league, and the second-highest league in the Swedish ice hockey system, after the SHL. Since the 2009–10 season, the league has consisted of fourteen teams.
Saint Catherine South Western
Saint Catherine South Western is a parliamentary constituency represented in the Parliament of Jamaica. It elects one Member of Parliament by the first past the post system of election. The constituency covers the south western part of Saint Catherine Parish. It has been represented by Everald Warmington of the Jamaica Labour Party since 2002.

Saint Catherine Parish
Saint Catherine (Jamaican Patois: Sint Cyatrine) is a parish in the south east of Jamaica. It is located in the county of Middlesex, and is one of the island's largest and most economically valued parishes because of its many resources. It includes the first capital of Jamaica, Spanish Town, originally known as San Jago de la Vega or Santiago de la Vega (St. James of the Plain).
Fort of São João do Arade
The Fort of São João do Arade (Portuguese: Forte de São João do Arade), sometimes referred to as the Castle of Arade, is a medieval fortification situated in the civil parish of Ferragudo in the Portuguese Algarve municipality of Lagoa.

Ferragudo
Ferragudo is a Portuguese civil parish at the western border of the municipality of Lagoa. The population in 2011 was 1,973, in an area of 5.41 km2. Ferragudo serves mainly as a bedroom community for its much larger neighbour, the city of Portimão; its residents routinely travel across the Arade River to work in the neighboring municipality.
Bankside Gallery
51°30′29″N 0°6′7″W﻿ / ﻿51.50806°N 0.10194°W﻿ / 51.50806; -0.10194Bankside Gallery is a public art gallery in Bankside, London, England. Opened by Queen Elizabeth II in 1980, Bankside is an educational charity, situated on the Thames Path just along from Tate Modern.

The gallery is home to the Royal Watercolour Society and the Royal Society of Painter-Printmakers. The members of these societies follow a 200-year-old tradition of being elected by their peers. The gallery houses changing exhibitions of contemporary watercolours and prints, which are accompanied by special events including artists' talks and tours. A full education programme covering the theory and practice of art is organised every year.

Bankside Gallery is open daily during exhibitions, from 11am to 6pm.

Royal Society of Painter-Printmakers
The Royal Society of Painter-Printmakers (RE), known until 1991 as the Royal Society of Painter-Etchers and Engravers, is a leading art institution based in London, England.  The Royal Society of Painter-Etchers, as it was originally styled, was a society of etchers established in London in 1880 and given a Royal Charter in 1888. Engraving was included within the scope of the Society from 1897, wood-engraving from 1920, coloured original prints from 1957, lithography from 1987 and all forms of creative forward-thinking original printmaking from 1990. The Society is in the process of refining its name to the Royal Society of Printmakers to both mirror and reflect the universality of original forms of creative expression within all forms, approaches and techniques across both traditional and contemporary printmaking.
William M. Greathouse
William Marvin Greathouse (April 29, 1919 – March 24, 2011) was a minister and emeritus general superintendent in the Church of the Nazarene. He was born in Van Buren, Arkansas.

Greathouse served as a pastor in the Church of the Nazarene from 1938 until 1963 when he was elected president of Trevecca Nazarene College in Nashville, Tennessee; he served until 1968.  At that time he was elected president of Nazarene Theological Seminary in Kansas City, Missouri.  He served there until 1976, when he was elected General Superintendent of the Church of the Nazarene. He retired from this position in 1989.

He is the namesake of the William M. Greathouse Chair of Wesleyan-Holiness Theology at Nazarene Theological Seminary.

He attended Lambuth College, Trevecca Nazarene College, and Vanderbilt University for doctoral studies.

Lambuth University
Lambuth University was a private Methodist university in Jackson, Tennessee. It was active from 1843 to 2011 and was supported by the Memphis Annual Conference of the United Methodist Church. The university began as the Memphis Conference Female Institute in 1843 and was later renamed in honor of Walter Russell Lambuth (1854–1921), a Methodist missionary who traveled globally.

After several years of financial struggles, the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools opted not to renew Lambuth's accreditation in 2011. Due to both the financial and accreditation problems, the Board of Trustees voted in April 2011 to cease operations two months later.  Final commencement exercises were held April 30, 2011. The University of Memphis acquired the campus which is now the Lambuth branch campus of the University of Memphis.
Lascassas, Tennessee
Lascassas (also Las Casas or Las Cassas) is an unincorporated community in Rutherford County, Tennessee, near the city of Murfreesboro. Its geographic coordinates are 35°55'49"N, 86°17'28"W.  The ZIP Code for Lascassas is 37085.

The community's namesake is Bartolomé de las Casas (1484–1566), a Spanish missionary on Christopher Columbus's third expedition who was known as the "Apostle of the Indians" in recognition of his efforts to protect the native population from slavery and abuse.

Lascassas is the site of a public elementary school operated by the Rutherford County school district and enrolling students from pre-kindergarten through grade 5. As of 2024, current enrollment is about 611 students.

The American actor John M. Pickard was born in Lascassas and died in Rutherford County.

Rutherford County, Tennessee
Rutherford County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. It is located in Middle Tennessee. As of a 2023 estimate, the population was 367,101, making it the fifth-most populous county in Tennessee. A study conducted by the University of Tennessee projects Rutherford County to become the third largest county in Tennessee by population by 2050. Its county seat is Murfreesboro, which is also the geographic center of Tennessee. As of 2010, it is the center of population of Tennessee. Rutherford County is included in the Nashville-Davidson–Murfreesboro–Franklin, TN Metropolitan Statistical Area.
PL/I
PL/I (Programming Language One, pronounced /piː ɛl wʌn/ and sometimes written PL/1) is a procedural, imperative computer programming language initially developed by IBM. It is designed for scientific, engineering, business and system programming. It has been in continuous use by  academic, commercial and industrial organizations since it was introduced in the 1960s.

A PL/I American National Standards Institute (ANSI) technical standard, X3.53-1976, was published in 1976.

PL/I's main domains are data processing, numerical computation, scientific computing, and system programming. It supports recursion, structured programming, linked data structure handling, fixed-point, floating-point, complex, character string handling, and bit string handling. The language syntax is English-like and suited for describing complex data formats with a wide set of functions available to verify and manipulate them.

OS/360 and successors
OS/360, officially known as IBM System/360 Operating System, is a discontinued batch processing operating system developed by IBM for their then-new System/360 mainframe computer, announced in 1964; it was influenced by the earlier IBSYS/IBJOB and Input/Output Control System (IOCS) packages for the IBM 7090/7094 and even more so by the PR155 Operating System for the IBM 1410/7010 processors. It was one of the earliest operating systems to require the computer hardware to include at least one direct access storage device.

Although OS/360 itself was discontinued, successor operating systems, including the virtual storage MVS and the 64-bit z/OS, are still run as of 2023 and maintain application-level compatibility with OS/360.
University of Ez-Zitouna
Ez-Zitouna University (Arabic: جامعة الزيتونة, romanized: Jāmi‘a al-Zaytūna, French: Université Ez-Zitouna) is a medieval public university in Tunis, Tunisia. The university originated in the Al-Zaytuna Mosque, founded at the end of the 7th or in the early 8th century, which developed into a major Islamic centre of learning in North Africa. It consists of the Oldest and Higher Institute of Theology and the Higher Institute of Islamic Civilisation in Tunis and a research institution, the Centre of Islamic Studies, in Kairouan.

Al-Zaytuna Mosque
Al-Zaytuna Mosque (Arabic: جامع الزيتونة, romanized: Jāmiʿ al-Zaytūnah, lit. 'Mosque of the olive') is a major mosque at the center of the historic medina of Tunis, Tunisia. The mosque is the oldest in the city. It was founded at the end of the 7th century or in the early 8th century, but its current architectural form dates from a reconstruction in the 9th century, including many antique columns reused from Carthage, and from later additions and restorations over the centuries.

The mosque developed into a place of higher education, today the University of Ez-Zitouna, which became the most important educational institution in Tunisia from around the 13th century onward. Ibn 'Arafa, a major Maliki scholar, al-Maziri, the great traditionalist and jurist, and Aboul-Qacem Echebbi, a famous Tunisian poet, all taught there, among others.