hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ari Laptev
Ari Laptev (born August 10, 1950) is a mathematician working on the spectral theory of partial differential equations.

His PhD was obtained in 1978 at Leningrad State University under the supervision of Michael Solomyak.

He is currently Professor at both the KTH in Stockholm and Imperial College London.
From 2001 to 2003 Laptev served as the President of the Swedish Mathematical Society.

In the years 2007–2010 he served as the President of the European Mathematical Society.

In April 2007 he was awarded the Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Award.

He was from 2011 to 2018 the Director of Institut Mittag-Leffler.

He is Editor-in-Chief of Acta Mathematica, Editor-in-Chief of Arkiv för Matematik, Deputy Chief Editor of the "Journal of Spectral Theory", Editor of the "Bulletin of Mathematical Sciences", Editor of "Problems in Mathematical Analysis", and Editor of "Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii. Matematika".

European Mathematical Society
The European Mathematical Society (EMS) is a European organization dedicated to the development of mathematics in Europe. Its members are different mathematical societies in Europe, academic institutions and individual mathematicians. The current president is Jan Philip Solovej, professor at the Department of Mathematics at the University of Copenhagen.
Whoopi (TV series)
Whoopi is an American television sitcom created by Bonnie and Terry Turner and starring Whoopi Goldberg that aired for one season on NBC. The series premiered on September 9, 2003, and ran until April 20, 2004. It was canceled by NBC in May 2004. The series revolved around the events and people at her hotel, the fictional Lamont Hotel, in New York City.

Omid Djalili
Omid Djalili (born 30 September 1965) is an English comedian, actor, and writer of Iranian descent. He began his career at the 1995 Edinburgh Festival Fringe and has gone on to become a touring comedian with a substantial list of film and television appearances.
McCarthy Building (Chicago)
McCarthy Building was a five-story Chicago Landmark building in the Loop community area of Chicago, Illinois.  Located in the southwest corner of the block on the northeast corner of North Dearborn Street and West Washington Street, the John M. Van Osdel designed building had been erected in 1872, but was demolished in 1989 during the clearing of what is known as Chicago's Block 37.  In order to make way for Chicago Mayor Richard M. Daley's redevelopment, the Chicago City Council had to revoke the privately owned building's landmark status in 1987.

John M. Van Osdel
John Mills Van Osdel (July 31, 1811 – December 21, 1891) was an American architect who is considered the first Chicago architect. He is considered a peer of the most prominent architects in the history of Chicago. He has also done significant work throughout Illinois and the Midwest, although much of it no longer exists.
1973 Hardie-Ferodo 1000
The 1973 Hardie-Ferodo 1000 was the 14th running of the Bathurst 1000 touring car race. This was the first race to be held under the new metric

Allan Moffat claimed his third win in the event and Ian Geoghegan his first. They shared a Ford Falcon GT. It was the seventh and final win for the factory Ford Australia racing team. Peter Brock and Doug Chivas dropped from contention after their Holden Torana ran out of fuel, forcing Chivas to push the car uphill along the pit lane to make it to the Holden Dealer Team pit bay. Brock and Chivas finished on the same lap as Moffat and Ian Geoghegan, ahead of their teammates Colin Bond and Leo Geoghegan, also on the same lap, in third position.

Leo Geoghegan
Leo Francis Geoghegan (16 May 1936 – 2 March 2015) was an Australian racing driver. He was the elder of two sons of former New South Wales car dealer Tom Geoghegan, both of whom become dominant names in Australian motor racing in the 1960s. While his younger brother Ian "Pete" Geoghegan had much of his success in touring car racing, winning five Australian Touring Car Championships, Leo spent most of his racing career in open wheel racing cars.
Illawarra Sports High School
Illawarra Sports High School is a government-funded co-educational comprehensive and specialist secondary day school, with speciality in sports, located in Berkeley, a southern suburb of Wollongong, in the Illawarra region of New South Wales, Australia.

Established in 1956 as the Berkeley High School, the school changed its name in 1998 in line with becoming a sports-oriented school. The Illawarra Sports High School caters for approximately 740 students in 2018, from Year 7 to Year 12, of whom 13 percent identified as Indigenous Australians and 27 percent were from a language background other than English. The school draws the majority of its students from the southern Wollongong area; with an increasing number of students from the larger Illawarra area who access its specialist sports programs. The school is operated by the New South Wales Department of Education; the principal is Kerrie Powell.

Illawarra Sports High School is a member of the NSW Sports High Schools Association.

Berkeley, New South Wales
Berkeley is a suburb of Wollongong, New South Wales. The suburb is located in Wollongong's southern suburbs, on the northern shore of Lake Illawarra, and is one of the city's most populous suburbs. At the 2021 census, it had a population of 7,798.
Akbari Asghari
Akbari Asghari is a 2011 Pakistani comedy-drama television series loosely based on Nazir Ahmad Dehlvi's Mirat-ul-Uroos. A modern-day comical adaptation of the novella, the series was written by Faiza Iftikhar and directed by Haissam Hussain. Sanam Baloch and Humaima Malik played the titular Akbari and Asghari respectively with Imran Abbas and Fawad Khan as the male leads.

Faiza Iftikhar
Faiza Iftikhar is a Pakistani writer, author, novelist and screenwriter. She is active in the Pakistani television industry and known for her romantic and social plays. Her popular plays include Dil Lagi, Aunn Zara, and Ranjha Ranjha Kardi. Her screenplay for Ranjha Ranjha Kardi earned her the Lux Style Award of Best TV Writer. Her recent projects are Bandhay Aik Dor Say, Pehli Si Muhabbat and Prem Gali. She has also written the screenplay for Lollywood movie Tich Button.
Amadeo Giannini
Amadeo Pietro Giannini (Italian: [amaˈdɛːo ˈpjɛːtro dʒanˈniːni]; May 6, 1870 – June 3, 1949), also known as Amadeo Peter Giannini, was an American banker who founded the Bank of Italy, which eventually became Bank of America. Giannini is credited as the inventor of many modern banking practices. Most notably, Giannini was one of the first bankers to offer banking services to middle-class Americans, mainly Italian immigrants, rather than only the upper class. He also pioneered the holding company structure and established one of the first modern trans-national institutions.

Transamerica Corporation
Transamerica Corporation is an American holding company for various life insurance companies and investment firms operating primarily in the United States, offering life and supplemental health insurance, investments, and retirement services. The company is located in Baltimore, Maryland, with its subsidiary Transamerica Life Company headquartered in Cedar Rapids, Iowa; It has back offices Denver, Colorado; Harrison, New York; Toronto, Ontario; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Knoxville, Tennessee. Additional affiliated offices are located throughout the United States. In 1999, it became an independent subsidiary of multinational company Aegon.

Contributions from the Transamerica Life Insurance Company and its affiliates fund the Transamerica Institute, a nonprofit, private foundation. The Transamerica Center for Retirement Studies is an operating division of Transamerica Institute.
Victoria Works, Birmingham
The Victoria Works is a former factory and a Grade II listed building in the Jewellery Quarter of Birmingham, England. It was built in 1839–40 for the Joseph Gillott pen company, who manufactured dip pens, and was one of the first purpose-built factories in the Jewellery Quarter.

It is situated opposite the Argent Centre, another building constructed for industrial use around the same period. The factory was one of the largest of its kind, with nearly 600 workers. Steam engines of 60 horsepower powered the mass production of the nibs.

Gillott's
Joseph Gillott's was a British manufacturing company based in Birmingham and founded by Joseph Gillott in 1827 that produced high-quality dip pens. In 1969, Joseph Gillott's was taken over by British Pens Ltd., becoming a brand of it.

Pen lines with the Gillott's name were manufactured in the British Pens factory of West Midlands, and currently commercialised by William Mitchell Ltd, (the new name adopted by British Pens in 1982).
Silvester Jourdain
Silvester Jourdain (fl. 1600 - d. 1650), was an English traveler who became a colonist at the Jamestown, Virginia settlement. During the journey in 1609, a tropical storm caused the ship, the Sea Venture to be run aground on the uninhabited St. George's Island, Bermuda, with Jourdain, George Somers, Thomas Gates, William Strachey, and other settlers marooned for nine months.

Silvester Jourdain was old enough in 1603 to ship goods from Lyme Regis, Dorset.

Silvester authored a pamphlet in 1610, A Discovery of the Barmvdas, otherwise called the Ile of Divels [sic] (later part of the 1613 publication, A Plaine Description of the Barmvdas, now called Sommer Ilands, etc.), which scholars have attributed as inspiration for William Shakespeare's The Tempest.

Silvester died unmarried in the parish of St Sepulchre, in the spring of 1650. He was the son of William Jourdain of Lyme Regis, a brother to merchant Ignatius Jourdain of Exeter, and a cousin of John Jourdain.

Sea Venture
Sea Venture was a seventeenth-century English sailing ship, part of the Third Supply mission flotilla to the Jamestown Colony in 1609. She was the 300 ton flagship of the London Company. During the voyage to Virginia, Sea Venture encountered a tropical storm and was wrecked, with her crew and passengers landing on the uninhabited Bermuda. Sea Venture's wreck is widely thought to have been the inspiration for William Shakespeare's 1611 play The Tempest.
Vigo (comarca)
Vigo is a comarca in the Galician province of Pontevedra, Spain. It covers an area of 613.4 km2, centred on the city of Vigo, and the overall population of this comarca was 423,825 at the 2011 Census; the latest official estimate (for the start of 2019) was 424,765.

The comarca is formed from the following 11 municipalities:

Province of Pontevedra
The province of Pontevedra (Spanish: Provincia de Pontevedra, Galician: Provincia de Pontevedra) is a province of Spain, located in the southwestern part of the autonomous community of Galicia. It is bordered by the provinces of A Coruña, Lugo, and Ourense, the country of Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean. There is a public institution named the Provincial Deputation of Pontevedra (provincial council), whose head office is in Pontevedra city, that provides direct services to citizens such as technical, financial and technological support to the councils of the 61 municipalities of the province of Pontevedra.

As of 2024, the population of the province is 947,869, of which 8% live in the capital, the city of Pontevedra, and 31% in Vigo.
Operation Hot Rock
Operation Hot Rock (April–May 1992) was a joint U.S.–Italian humanitarian mission in which heavy-lift helicopters airlifted large concrete blocks to help divert advancing lava from Mount Etna and protect the town of Zafferana Etnea in Sicily.

Zafferana Etnea
Zafferana Etnea (Italian pronunciation: [dzaffeˈraːna etˈnɛːa]; Sicilian: Zafarana [tsafaˈɾaːna]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Catania in the Italian region Sicily, located about 160 kilometres (99 mi) southeast of Palermo and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Catania.

The municipality of Zafferana Etnea contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Fleri, Pisano, Petrulli; Sarro-Civita, Passopomo, Airone-Emmaus, Poggiofelice, and Caselle.

Zafferana Etnea borders the following municipalities: Aci Sant'Antonio, Acireale, Adrano, Belpasso, Biancavilla, Bronte, Castiglione di Sicilia, Giarre, Maletto, Milo, Nicolosi, Pedara, Randazzo, Sant'Alfio, Santa Venerina, Trecastagni, Viagrande.
Jack Sheldon
Beryl Cyril "Jack" Sheldon Jr. (November 30, 1931 – December 27, 2019) was an American jazz trumpeter, singer, and actor. He performed on The Merv Griffin Show and participated in episodes of the educational music television series Schoolhouse Rock!

The Cara Williams Show
The Cara Williams Show is an American sitcom starring Cara Williams which centers on a married couple who try to conceal their marriage from their employer. Original episodes aired from September 23, 1964, until April 21, 1965 on CBS.
Alavivus
Alavivus (flourished in 4th century AD) was a Gothic co-king of a group of Thervingi together with Fritigern. Along with the latter he led the migration of the Thervingi from Dacia across the Danube into the Roman Empire in the late 4th century AD. Upon arrival in the Roman Empire, the Goths suffered from widespread famine, with some Gothic parents reportedly being forced to sell their children into slavery in return for rotten dog meat in order to avoid starvation. In 376, Valens' lieutenant Lupicinus invited Alavivus and Fritigern to a banquet to discuss provisions for their people, where Alavivus was assassinated. Fritigern on the other hand managed to escape, inciting a revolt which culminated with a decisive Gothic victory at the Battle of Adrianople.

Battle of Adrianople
The Battle of Adrianople, also known as Battle of Hadrianopolis, was fought between the Eastern Roman army led by the Roman emperor Valens and Gothic rebels (largely Thervings as well as Greutungs, non-Gothic Alans, and various local rebels), led by Fritigern. The battle took place on 9 August 378 in the vicinity of Adrianople, in the Roman province of Thracia (modern Edirne in European Turkey). It ended with an overwhelming victory for the Goths and the death of Emperor Valens.

As part of the Gothic War of 376–382, the battle is often considered the start of the events which led to the fall of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century.

A detailed contemporary account of the lead-up to the battle from the Roman perspective was written by Ammianus Marcellinus and forms the culminating point at the end of his history.
Trente Oiseaux
Trente Oiseaux is a record label founded by experimental musician Bernhard Günter in 1995.

Early releases featured musicians such as Francisco López, Roel Meelkop, John Duncan, Jim O'Rourke, Daniel Menche and Günter himself.

A bout of ill health forced Günter to slow down operations in the late 1990s, however the label made a comeback in 1999 and has continued to be a prolific label in the field of minimalist music.

Bernhard Günter
Bernhard Günter (born 1957 in Neuwied, West Germany) is a German post-Cageian composer associated with microsound and lowercase movements or styles of minimalist composition. He is influenced by Morton Feldman.

A former rock and jazz drummer, Günter studied at IRCAM and began working with electronically generated sound. However, he now works primarily with samples. He founded his own label, Trente Oiseaux.

His first album Un Peu de Neige Salie (1993), a collection of pieces, was listed by The Wire as one of the 100 albums that "set the world on fire". He experimented with minimalist music in his album, "Details Agrandis".
Hainan yellow lantern chili
The Hainan yellow lantern chili (Chinese: 海南黃燈籠椒; pinyin: hǎi nán huáng dēng lóng jiāo), also known as the yellow emperor chili (Chinese: 黃帝椒; pinyin: huáng dì jiāo), is a member of the Capsicum chinense species of chili peppers that grows mainly in the southwest and southeast of Hainan Island off the coast of Southern China.

Capsicum chinense
Capsicum chinense, commonly known as a "habanero-type pepper", is a species of chili pepper native to the Americas. C. chinense varieties are well known for their unique flavors and, in many cases, exceptional heat. The hottest peppers in the world are members of this species, with a Scoville heat unit score of 2.69 million measured in the C. chinense cultivar Pepper X in 2023.

Some taxonomists consider C. chinense to be within the species C. annuum, and they are a member of the C. annuum complex; however, C. chinense and C. annuum pepper plants can sometimes be distinguished by the number of flowers or fruit per node – two to five for C. chinense and one for C. annuum – though this method is not always accurate. The two species can also hybridize and generate inter-specific hybrids. C. frutescens may be the ancestor to the C. chinense species.
Georgia State Route 125
State Route 125 (SR 125) is a 73-mile-long (117 km) state highway that runs south-to-north in an S-shape through the southern part of the U.S. state of Georgia. It travels through Lowndes, Lanier, Berrien, Tift, Irwin, and Ben Hill counties connecting the Valdosta and Fitzgerald metropolitan areas.

Tift County, Georgia
Tift County is a county located in the south central portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 41,344. The county seat is Tifton.

Tift County comprises the Tifton, Georgia micropolitan statistical area.
Arab al-Mawasi massacre
On November 2, 1948, two squads of Israel Defense Forces soldiers captured a Palestinian Bedouin village in Khirbat al-Wa'ra al-Sawda in Tiberias Subdistrict, Mandatory Palestine. While some soldiers guarded over the residents, others went to a nearby hilltop, where the headless bodies of two Israeli soldiers were found. In retaliation, the Bedouin homes were destroyed and 15 to 16 adult males were shot, 14 of whom died.

Most of the victims were members of the 'Arab Al-Mawasi clan. Their bodies were buried in a cave adjacent to the place where they were killed. In the 1950s, the Israeli National Water Project was dug through the cave, and the Mawasi people took the bones to another cave. During the 1980s, the bones were moved to a common grave in the Muslim cemetery in Eilabun.

Khirbat al-Wa'ra al-Sawda'
Khirbat al-Wa'ra al-Sawda' (Arabic: خربة الوعرة السوداء) was a Palestinian Arab village in the Tiberias Subdistrict. In 1945, the village had a population of 1,870 Arabs. It was depopulated during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on April 18, 1948. It was located 7.5 km northeast of Tiberias. Some of the villagers fled to Syria while others migrated to the central Galilee.
Dust Devil (song)
"Dust Devil" is a single by the ska/pop band Madness, released 11 May 2009, precisely one week before their album The Liberty of Norton Folgate.

The B-side, "The Roadette Song" was originally recorded by Ian Dury with his band, Kilburn and the High Roads. The Madness cover version was originally intended to be on their 2005 album The Dangermen Sessions Vol. 1.

Madness (band)
Madness are an English ska and pop band from Camden Town, north west London, who formed in 1976. One of the most prominent bands of the late-1970s/early-1980s two-tone ska revival, they continue to perform with six of the seven members of their original line-up. Madness's most successful period was from 1980 to 1986, when the band's songs spent a total of 214 weeks on the UK Singles Chart, jointly holding the record with English reggae group UB40 for most weeks spent by a group in the UK singles chart during the 1980s.

Madness have had 16 singles reach the UK top ten, including "One Step Beyond", "Baggy Trousers" and "It Must Be Love"; one UK number-one single, "House of Fun"; and two number ones in Ireland, "House of Fun" and "Wings of a Dove". "Our House" was their biggest US hit, reaching number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100. In 2000, the band received the Ivor Novello Award from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors for Outstanding Song Collection.
Ellwood Patterson Cubberley
Ellwood Patterson Cubberley (June 6, 1868 – September 14, 1941) was an American educator, a eugenicist, and a pioneer in the field of education management. He spent most of his career as a professor and later served as the first dean of the Stanford University Graduate School of Education in California.

Stanford University Graduate School of Education
The Stanford University Graduate School of Education (Stanford GSE or GSE) is one of the top education schools in the United States. It offers master's and doctoral programs in more than 25 areas of specialization, along with joint degrees with other programs at Stanford University including business, law, and public policy. The current dean of Stanford GSE (since 2015) is Daniel L. Schwartz.
Sisters Under the Skin
Sisters Under the Skin, later renamed The Romantic Age, is a 1934 American drama film directed by David Burton and starring Elissa Landi, Frank Morgan, and Joseph Schildkraut. It was the first film Landi made for Columbia Pictures.

David Burton (director)
David Burton (1877–1963) was a Russian-born American film director of the 1930s and early 1940s. He had previously worked as a theater director. His films include Let's Fall in Love (1933) and The Melody Lingers On (1935).
Blu Wav
Blu Wav is the sixth studio album by American indie rock band Grandaddy. Released on February 16, 2024, through Dangerbird Records, it marks their first album in nearly seven years since Last Place, as well as their first since the death of bassist Kevin Garcia. The album's title is a portmanteau of the genres bluegrass and new wave. It has been preceded by the singles "Watercooler" and "Cabin in My Mind".

Jason Lytle
Jason Lytle (/ˈlaɪtəl/ LY-təl; born March 26, 1969) is an American musician best known for his work in the indie rock group Grandaddy. The group split in 2005, and Lytle continued to release music as a solo artist and in collaboration with other musicians. Grandaddy reformed in 2012. They ceased recording and touring again in 2017 following the sudden death of co-founder and bassist, Kevin Garcia. Grandaddy reformed again for a tour that began in the summer of 2025.
Jason Perry (safety)
Jason Perry (born August 1, 1976) is an American former professional football player who was a safety in the National Football League (NFL). He played in the NFL from 1999 to 2002. He was selected in the fourth round of the 1999 NFL draft with the 104th overall pick.

Perry was born in Passaic, New Jersey and attended Paterson Catholic High School.

Perry was also an accomplished hurdler for the NC State Wolfpack track and field team, placing 8th in the 110 m hurdles at the 1997 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships.

Paterson Catholic High School
Paterson Catholic Regional High School was a private four year Catholic high school located in Paterson, in Passaic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The school served students from ninth through twelfth grade and operated under the jurisdiction of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Paterson. Due to dwindling enrollment and monetary problems, the Paterson Diocese closed Paterson Catholic at the end of the 2009–10 school year.

As of the 2009-10 school year, the school had an enrollment of 303 students and 22.6 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 13.4.
Bradie James
Bradie Gene James (born January 17, 1981) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL) for the Dallas Cowboys and Houston Texans. He played college football for the LSU Tigers.

West Monroe High School
West Monroe High School is a high school in West Monroe, Louisiana, United States. It is administered by the Ouachita Parish School Board. WMHS is fully accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. The school's mascot is The Rebel Man.