hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sidney Mintz
Sidney Wilfred Mintz (November 16, 1922 – December 27, 2015) was an American anthropologist best known for his studies of the Caribbean, creolization, and the anthropology of food. Mintz received his PhD at Columbia University in 1951 and conducted his primary fieldwork among sugar-cane workers in Puerto Rico. Later expanding his ethnographic research to Haiti and Jamaica, he produced historical and ethnographic studies of slavery and global capitalism, cultural hybridity, Caribbean peasants, and the political economy of food commodities. He taught for two decades at Yale University before helping to found the Anthropology Department at Johns Hopkins University, where he remained for the duration of his career. Mintz's history of sugar, Sweetness and Power, is considered one of the most influential publications in cultural anthropology and food studies.

Food studies
Food studies is the critical examination of food and its contexts within science, art, history, society, and other fields. It is distinctive from other food-related areas of study such as nutrition, agriculture, gastronomy, and culinary arts in that it tends to look beyond the  consumption, production, and aesthetic appreciation of food and tries to illuminate food as it relates to multiple academic fields.
Glossary of nautical terms (A–L)
This glossary of nautical terms is an alphabetical listing of terms and expressions connected with ships, shipping, seamanship and navigation on water (mostly though not necessarily on the sea). Some remain current, while many date from the 17th to 19th centuries. The word nautical derives from the Latin nauticus, from Greek nautikos, from nautēs: "sailor", from naus: "ship".

Further information on nautical terminology may also be found at Nautical metaphors in English, and additional military terms are listed in the Multiservice tactical brevity code article. Terms used in other fields associated with bodies of water can be found at Glossary of fishery terms, Glossary of underwater diving terminology, Glossary of rowing terms, and Glossary of meteorology.

Ship
A ship  is a large watercraft designed for travel across the surface of a body of water, carrying cargo or passengers, or in support of specialized tasks such as warfare, oceanography and fishing. Ships are generally distinguished from boats, based on size, shape, load capacity and purpose. Ships have supported exploration, trade, warfare, migration, colonization, and science. Ship transport is responsible for the largest portion of world commerce.

The word ship has meant, depending on era and context, either simply a large vessel or specifically a full-rigged ship with three or more masts, each of which is square rigged.

The earliest historical evidence of boats is found in Egypt during the 4th millennium BC. In 2024, ships had a global cargo capacity of 2.4 billion tons, with the three largest classes being ships carrying dry bulk (43%), oil tankers (28%) and container ships (14%).
Peter Boylan
Peter Boylan is a retired Irish consultant obstetrician, and former master of the National Maternity Hospital, Dublin (Holles Street Hospital).

He was born in Dublin to Henry Boylan and his wife Patricia Boylan (née Clancy). He was educated at St. Mary's College, Rathmines and University College, Dublin. On qualifying as an obstetrician in 1974 he practised in the United States and in Britain before returning to Ireland. He became master of Holles Street in 1991, holding the post for seven years.

Boylan was opposed to the plans to transfer ownership of the National Maternity Hospital to the Religious Sisters of Charity, eventually resigning from the board of the hospital over the issue. He campaigned for a Yes vote in the 2018 Irish abortion referendum, and participated in several TV debates.

St Mary's College, Dublin
St Mary's College C.S.Sp. (Congregatio Sancti Spiritus) is a voluntary boys' primary and secondary school run by the Congregation of the Holy Spirit and located in Rathmines, Dublin, Ireland. The school was founded in 1890, closed in 1916, and then reopened in 1926 (from 1917 until 1926 the St. Mary's operated as a House of Philosophy for the Spiritans, before it moved to Blackrock.). The school colours are blue and white.
Paul Lamford
Paul Adrian Lamford (born 30 August 1953 in Carmarthen) is a Welsh gaming and gambling expert, author, publisher and company director. He is a three-time Welsh chess champion, 1993 and 2001 British backgammon champion, and a Grandmaster at bridge and a poker player. During the 1990s he was editor of Games & Puzzles magazine and has been editor of Chess magazine and Bridge magazine. He appeared several times on Radio 4's Puzzle Panel.

Puzzle Panel
Puzzle Panel was a light-hearted, though cerebral BBC Radio 4 panel game that was broadcast between 1998 and 2005. An additional series was broadcast over the winter-spring of 2011, and a further series was broadcast during the same period in 2012. It has been written and presented by puzzle columnist for The Guardian, Chris Maslanka.

In each half-hour programme, the panellists brought along one puzzle with which to test the mental mettle of the other two panellists and their host. Essentially, it was just for fun and no points were scored. Another puzzle, the Panel Beater, was contributed by a listener. A prize was available for solving a competition puzzle.
Flora Cheney
Flora Sylvester Cheney (March 11, 1872 – April 8, 1929) was an American activist and politician.

Cheney was born in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin. She went to the Fond du Lac public schools and taught school in Wisconsin. She married Dr. Henry W. Cheney, a physician from Chicago, Illinois.

Cheney was involved with the Illinois League of Women Voters. Cheney lived with her husband and family in Chicago. Cheney campaigned for her husband who won an alderman seat. She also campaigned for her longtime friend Katherine Hancock Goode, who won a seat in the state legislature. After Goode's death, Cheney served in the Illinois House of Representatives in 1929. While still in office, she died in a hospital in Chicago, Illinois, following a short illness. She was a Republican. A park bench commemorates Goode and Cheney.

Fond du Lac, Wisconsin
Fond du Lac (/ˈfɒndəlæk/ ⓘ) is a city in Fond du Lac County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. It is at the southern end of Lake Winnebago and had a population of 44,678 at the 2020 census. The city forms the core of the Fond du Lac metropolitan statistical area, which includes all of Fond du Lac County and had 104,154 residents in 2020.
Robert W. Fuller
Robert Works Fuller (October 26, 1936 – July 15, 2025) was an American physicist, educator and social reformer. He was president of Oberlin College 1970–1974, where he championed diversity and curricular reform. He then worked for citizen diplomacy during the Cold War, helped found the Hunger Project, which worked to end world hunger, travelled and wrote widely advocating societies free from "Rankism," rank-based discrimination.

Fuller was a Fellow of the World Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Jack Scott (sports activist)
Jack Scott (March 3, 1942 – February 6, 2000) was an American political activist known for his concern with exploitation of athletes and race relations in sport, the sociology of sport, his association with the Radical Sports Movement of the 1970s, and for involvement with Patty Hearst and fugitives of the Symbionese Liberation Army (SLA).
Trivia (poem)
Trivia (1716) is a poem by John Gay. The full title of the poem is Trivia, or The Art of Walking the Streets of London, and it takes its name from the Latin word for "crossroads" and from the "goddess of crossroads," Diana, whom the poet invokes in the opening stanza.

The poem, written in heroic couplets, is loosely based on Virgil's Georgics, yet attains a Horatian satirical manner.

The length of the entire poem is 1288 lines, and it is in three books.

Georgics
The Georgics (/ˈdʒɔːrdʒɪks/ JOR-jiks; Latin: Georgica [ɡeˈoːrɡɪka]) is a poem by Latin poet Virgil, likely published in 29 BCE. As the name suggests (from the Greek word γεωργικά, geōrgiká, i.e. "agricultural [things]"), the subject of the poem is agriculture; but far from being an example of peaceful rural poetry, it is a work characterized by tensions in both theme and purpose.

The Georgics is considered Virgil's second major work, following his Eclogues and preceding the Aeneid. The poem draws on a variety of prior sources and has influenced many later authors from antiquity to the present.
CFTX-FM
CFTX-FM (96.5 MHz) is a commercial Francophone radio station based in Gatineau, Quebec, Canada. The station broadcasts a French sports format branded as BPM Sports. It is owned by RNC Media with radio studios and offices on Jean-Proulx Avenue in Gatineau.

CFTX-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 1,750 watts. The transmitter is on Boulevard St.-Joseph at Rue Bourque, near Quebec Autoroute 5.

RNC Media
RNC Media (formerly Radio-Nord Communications) is a Canadian broadcasting group based in Westmount, Quebec, with offices in Gatineau and Rouyn-Noranda. The company operates five television stations and several radio stations, mostly in Quebec.

The company was founded in 1948 when brothers Jean-Joffre and David Armand Gourd, along with business partner Roger Charbonneau, acquired radio stations CKRN Rouyn (now CHOA-FM), CHAD Amos (defunct) and CKVD Val-d'Or (now CHGO-FM) from Canadian media mogul Roy Thomson.
Oberndorf bei Salzburg
Oberndorf bei Salzburg (Austrian German pronunciation: [ˈoːbɐndɔrf baɪ ˈsaltsbʊrɡ], lit. 'Oberndorf near Salzburg'; Central Bavarian: Owerndorf ba Såizburg) is a small city in the Austrian state of Salzburg, about 17 km (11 mi) north of the City of Salzburg. It is situated on the river Salzach in the Flachgau district. Town privileges were granted on 30 April 2001.

Salzburg-Umgebung District
The Bezirk Salzburg-Umgebung (German, "surrounding area of Salzburg") is an administrative district (Bezirk) in the federal state of Salzburg, Austria, and congruent with the Flachgau region (German pronunciation: [ˈflaxˌɡaʊ̯] ⓘ), except for the Statutarstadt of Salzburg, which forms a district of its own.

Area of the district is 1,004.47 km2, with a population of 157,440 (January 1, 2023), and population density 157 persons per km2. Administrative center of the district is Seekirchen am Wallersee.
Le marchand de Venise
Le Marchand de Venise (The Merchant of Venice) is a French opera in three acts by Reynaldo Hahn. The libretto was by Miguel Zamacoïs, after Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice. Hahn first started working on the opera during the First World War, imagining it as a 'Mozartian' work, with the role of Portia written specifically with the soprano Mary Garden in mind.

The opera was first performed at the Paris Opéra,  on 25 March 1935. It was revived at the Opéra on 18 November 1949 and again on 19 February 1950, and in 1979 at the Opéra-Comique under Manuel Rosenthal. The United States premiere was by the Portland Opera on 4 November 1996 under French conductor Marc Trautmann. In May 2017 the opera received its German premiere at the Theater Bielefeld in a production by Klaus Hemmerle conducted by Pawel Poplawski.

The Merchant of Venice
The Merchant of Venice is a play by William Shakespeare, believed to have been written between 1596 and 1598. A merchant in Venice named Antonio defaults on a large loan taken out on behalf of his dear friend, Bassanio, and provided by a Jewish moneylender, Shylock, with seemingly inevitable fatal consequences.

Although classified as a comedy in the First Folio and sharing certain aspects with Shakespeare's other romantic comedies, the play is most remembered for its dramatic scenes, and it is best known for the character Shylock and his famous demand for a "pound of flesh".

The play contains two famous speeches, that of Shylock, "Hath not a Jew eyes?" on the subject of humanity, and that of Portia on "the quality of mercy". Debate exists on whether the play is antisemitic, with Shylock's insistence on his legal right to the pound of flesh being in opposition to his seemingly universal plea for the rights of all people suffering discrimination.
Hallo (film)
Hallo is a 2007 Indian Malayalam-language black comedy thriller film written and directed by the Rafi Mecartin duo. It stars Mohanlal and Parvathy Melton (in her Malayalam debut), with  Siddique,Jagathy Sreekumar,K. B. Ganesh Kumar, Madhu, and Saiju Kurup in important roles. The music was composed by Alex Paul. The film received positive reviews from critics, with critics particularly praising Mohanlal"s performance. The film was a blockbuster at the box office.

It was remade in Telugu as Naa Style Veru (2009) and in Kannada as Manjunatha BA LLB (2012). The plot of the movie was reported to have been partially borrowed from the 2004 movie Cellular.

Rafi–Mecartin
Rafi and Mecartin are a  screenwriter and director duo best known for comedy films in Malayalam cinema. Rafi's late younger brother Shafi was also a well-known film director. Rafi is also the nephew of director Siddique from the Siddique–Lal duo. He has scripted and directed successful films such as Puthukkottayile Puthumanavalan (1995), Superman (1997), Punjabi House (1998), Thenkasipattanam (2000), Chathikkatha Chanthu (2004), Pandippada (2005), and Hallo (2007). The duo has also written the scripts for Aniyan Bava Chetan Bava (1995), Aadyathe Kanmani (1995), Dilliwala Rajakumaran (1996), Kusruthi Kuruppu (1998), One Man Show (2001), Thilakkam (2003), and Mayavi (2007) among others, for other directors.
Mister E
Mister E is a fictional character appearing in magazines published by DC Comics. Created by Bob Rozakis and Jack C. Harris, the character first appeared in Secrets of Haunted House #31 (December 1980) and was a recurring character for ten issues. He was then radically redesigned by Neil Gaiman for use in The Books of Magic, after which he appeared in his own mini-series and was a recurring character in Vertigo Comics titles owned by DC.

Bob Rozakis
Robert "Bob" Rozakis (/rəˈzækɪs/; born April 4, 1951) is an American comic book writer and editor known mainly for his work in the 1970s and 1980s at DC Comics, as the writer of 'Mazing Man and in his capacity as DC's "Answer Man".
Henry Standing Bear
Henry Standing Bear (c. 1874 – 1953) ("Matȟó Nážiŋ") was an Oglala Lakota Chief. A founding member of the Society of American Indians (1911–1923), he recruited and commissioned Polish-American sculptor Korczak Ziolkowski to build the Crazy Horse Memorial in the Black Hills of South Dakota. He was a resident of Chicago's Hull House.

His brother was writer and actor Luther Standing Bear.

Oglala
The Oglala (Lakota pronunciation: [oɡəˈlala] – lit. 'to scatter one's own') are one of the seven subtribes of the Lakota people who, along with the Dakota, make up the Očhéthi Šakówiŋ (Seven Council Fires). A majority of the Oglala live on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota, the eighth-largest Native American reservation in the United States.

The Oglala are a federally recognized tribe whose official title is the  Oglala Sioux Tribe of the Pine Ridge Reservation, South Dakota.
Sajid Ali (Lahore cricketer)
Sajid Ali (born 23 January 1979) is a Pakistani cricketer. He played in 34 first-class and 18 List A matches between 1997 and 2006. He made his Twenty20 debut on 25 April 2005, for Lahore Lions in the 2004–05 National Twenty20 Cup.

2004–05 National Twenty20 Cup
The 2004–05 ABN-AMRO Twenty-20 Cup was the first edition of the ABN-AMRO Twenty-20 Cup, a domestic Twenty20 tournament in Pakistan sponsored by ABN AMRO bank. It was held from 25 to 30 April 2005 in Lahore. The Faisalabad Wolves won the tournament by defeating the Karachi Dolphins in the final. As the winners, the Faisalabad Wolves were invited to compete in the International 20:20 Club Championship, hosted by Leicestershire County Cricket Club in England, in September 2005, which they also won.

This was the first Twenty20 tournament in the country, after the introduction of the Twenty20 format in 2003. It was huge success with the final having an attendance of 30,000. It helped increase the popularity of cricket in Pakistan and became an annual tournament.

The tournament also involved a match-throwing incident with Sialkot Stallions captain Shoaib Malik.
Drydock Number One, Norfolk Naval Shipyard
Drydock Number One is the oldest operational drydock facility in the United States.  Located in Norfolk Naval Shipyard in Portsmouth, Virginia, it was put into service in 1834, and has been in service since then.  Its history includes the refitting of USS Merrimack, which was modified to be the Confederate Navy ironclad CSS Virginia. It was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1971.

Portsmouth, Virginia
Portsmouth is an independent city in southeastern Virginia, United States. It lies across the Elizabeth River from Norfolk. As of the 2020 census, the population was 97,915. It is the ninth-most populous city in Virginia and is part of the Hampton Roads metropolitan area. Due to its strategic location, the city has long been associated with the United States Armed Forces, particularly the Navy. The Norfolk Naval Shipyard is a historic and active Navy facility located in Portsmouth.
KBNM-LP
KBNM-LP (98.7 FM, "Eagle 98") is a low-powered FM radio station based in Belen, New Mexico broadcasting at 100 watts. KBNM airs an oldies music format. It is owned by Tix For Kids, a non-profit group that raises money to buy tickets to concerts and other events for sick children.

KBNM streams its signal over the internet from its website.

It had also broadcast to Albuquerque on 10 watt translator K251AU 98.1 FM from January 2007 until May 2013. However, in April 2013 the translator was sold to Clear Channel and upgraded to 165 watts and now re-broadcasts an HD subchannel of KBQI.

Belen, New Mexico
Belén (/bəˈlɪn/; Spanish: Belén) is the second most populated city in Valencia County, New Mexico, the United States, after its county seat, Los Lunas. The population was 7,360 as of the 2020 Census.

Belén is Spanish for Bethlehem. It gained the nickname "Hub City" after the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway completed a line through it in 1907. The city is geographically near the center of New Mexico, and is a significant transportation hub that includes access to rails, Interstate Highway 25, and air at Valencia County's only public airport.

Belén is at the southern end of the Albuquerque Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city is located 35 miles south of Albuquerque.
University of Rostock
The University of Rostock (German: Universität Rostock) is a public university located in Rostock, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. Founded in 1419, it is the third-oldest university in Germany. It is the oldest university in continental northern Europe and the Baltic Sea area, and 8th oldest in Central Europe. It was the 5th university established in the Holy Roman Empire.

The university has been associated with three Nobel laureates: Albrecht Kossel, Karl von Frisch and Otto Stern. It is a member of the European University Association. According to a ranking published by Times Higher Education in 2018, it is the most beautiful university in Germany and the fourth most beautiful university in all of Europe. The language of instruction is usually German, and English for some postgraduate studies.

Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link
Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link (2 February 1767 – 1 January 1851) was a German naturalist and botanist. The standard author abbreviation Link is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Skip Away Stakes
The Skip Away Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Gulfstream Park in Hallandale Beach, Florida. A Listed event open to horses age four and older, it is contested on dirt over a distance of 1+3⁄16 miles (9-1/2 furlongs).  The race is a Listed event with a current purse of $100,000.

Inaugurated as the Broward Handicap, in 2001 Gulfstream Park changed the name to the Skip Away Handicap to honor 1998 American Horse of the Year, Skip Away.

In 2000, the South African-bred Horse Chestnut, 1999 Horse of the Year in his native country, made his American debut in this race, winning going away by five and one-half lengths. Other past winners of note include U.S. Racing Hall of Fame inductee Swaps who won in 1956 and set a new world record for 1 mile, 70 yards with time of 1:39 3/5.

Since its inception, the race has been run at various distances:

1+1⁄16 miles : 1987, 1990, 1993–2004

1+1⁄8 miles : 1991-1992, 2005–2008, 2016-2017

1+3⁄16 miles : 2009-2015, 2019

Skip Away
Skip Away (April 4, 1993 – May 14, 2010), was a champion American Thoroughbred racehorse who was the 1998 Horse of the Year, 1996 Champion Three-Year-Old, and 1997 and 1998 Champion Handicap Horse. He won 10 Grade One races for $9,616,360 in prize money.
The Understanding Heart
The Understanding Heart is a 1927 American silent adventure drama film directed by Jack Conway and stars Joan Crawford in an early leading role. The film was adapted for the screen by Edward T. Lowe Jr. from the novel of the same name by Peter B. Kyne.

Jack Conway (filmmaker)
Hugh Ryan "Jack" Conway (July 17, 1886 – October 11, 1952) was an American film director and film producer, as well as an actor of many films in the first half of the 20th century.

Conway and director Edmund Goulding share the distinction of directing the most Best Picture-nominated films without ever being nominated for Best Director, with three apiece. Conway's nominated films were Viva Villa!, A Tale of Two Cities, and Libeled Lady.

Conway was one of a team of MGM contract directors, who forsook any pretense to a specific individual style in favor of working within the strictures set forth by studio management. A thoroughly competent craftsman, he delivered commercially successful entertainment, on time, and within budget.
CSF tap test
The CSF tap test, sometimes lumbar tap test or Miller Fisher Test, is a medical test that is used to decide whether shunting of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) would be helpful in a patient with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). The test involves removing 30–50 ml of CSF through a lumbar puncture, after which motor and cognitive function is clinically reassessed. The name "Fisher test" is after C. Miller Fisher, a Canadian neurologist working in Boston, Massachusetts, who described the test.

Clinical improvement showed a high predictive value for subsequent success with shunting. A "negative" test has a very low predictive accuracy, as many patients may improve after a shunt in spite of lack of improvement after CSF removal.

C. Miller Fisher
Charles Miller Fisher (December 5, 1913, Waterloo, Ontario – April 14, 2012, Albany, New York) was a Canadian neurologist whose notable contributions include the first detailed descriptions of lacunar strokes, the identification of transient ischemic attacks as stroke precursors, the identification of the link between carotid atherosclerosis and stroke, and the description of a variant form of Guillain–Barré syndrome which bears his name.