hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Luke Saville
Luke Saville (born 1 February 1994) is an Australian former professional tennis player. He has had success as a doubles player where he reached his highest ranking of World No. 23 on 8 November 2021. Saville reached the final at the 2020 Australian Open, partnering with fellow Australian Max Purcell.

As a junior, Saville enjoyed a successful career in which he won two junior grand slam singles titles at the 2011 Wimbledon Championships and 2012 Australian Open. Saville is also a former junior World No. 1 and an Australian Institute of Sport scholarship holder. In January 2013, he competed in his first ATP main draw event at the 2013 Australian Open, but has struggled in transitioning from Juniors onto the professional circuit, reaching his highest singles ranking of World No. 152.

Jarmere Jenkins
Jarmere Jenkins is a retired American professional tennis player who became the hitting partner for Serena Williams. He was the 2013 Intercollegiate Tennis Association (ITA) National Player of the Year and male ACC Athlete of the Year after earning the national championships in indoor singles, outdoor doubles and team competition while also finishing runner up in outdoor singles. He was the first Atlantic Coast Conference athlete to win ACC athlete of the year solely for tennis accomplishments. In his first full year as a pro, he cracked the top 200 in the 2014 year end rankings at 193, but the costs of travel became prohibitive for him and he retired in 2017.
Charters Towers Central State School
Charters Towers Central State School is a heritage-listed state school at 39–47 High Street, Charters Towers City, Charters Towers, Charters Towers Region, Queensland, Australia. It was designed by Queensland Department of Public Works and built in 1900 by Benjamin Toll. It is also known as Charters Towers Girls' and Infants' Central State School, Charters Towers Boys' Central State School, Charters Towers Girls' Central State School, Charters Towers Girls' School, and Charters Towers State High School. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 November 2014.

Charters Towers
Charters Towers is a rural town in the Charters Towers Region, Queensland, Australia. It is 136 km (85 mi) by road south-west from Townsville on the Flinders Highway. During the last quarter of the 19th century, the town boomed as the rich gold deposits under the city were developed. After becoming uneconomical in the 20th century, profitable mining operations have commenced once again. In the 2021 census, the town of Charters Towers had a population of 8,040 people.
Samford, Queensland
Samford is a town in the City of Moreton Bay, South East Queensland, Australia. It consists of two localities, Samford Village and Samford Valley. In 2006 census, the town of Samford had a population of 656 people.

Samford Valley, Queensland
Samford Valley is a rural locality in the City of Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. It is one of two localities in the town of Samford, the other being Samford Village. In the 2021 census, Samford Valley had a population of 3,208 people.
Gaston Reinig
General Gaston Reinig (born 17 November 1956 in Diekirch) is a Luxembourgish soldier and a former Chief of Defence of the Luxembourg Army. He replaced Nico Ries in 2008, having previously been Commander of the Military Training Centre in his hometown of Diekirch.  He was promoted to general in March 2008, and was the first Chief of Defence to hold the rank.

Nico Ries
Colonel Nico Ries (born 30 July 1953 in Luxembourg City) is a Luxembourgish soldier and former Chief of Defence of the Luxembourg Army.  He served as Chief of Defence from 2002 to 2008, having previously been Assistant Chief of Defence.

In 2008, he was transferred by the Minister for Defence, Jean-Louis Schiltz, to the Ministry of the Interior, and was replaced as Chief of Defence by Gaston Reinig.  He has challenged the constitutionality of this act, and sought the return of his job as Chief of Defence.  In October 2010, the Administrative Court ruled that moving Ries amounted to a breach of Article 10 of the Constitution, which guarantees equality before the law.  In January 2011, both Ries and Reinig were placed on leave, with Alain Duschene taking over the title of Chief of Defence in the interim.
Heartland Bank
Heartland Bank is a New Zealand owned bank that was created in 2011 through the merging of four financial organisations. Heartland was granted its bank registration by the Reserve Bank of New Zealand in 2012. It specialises in motor vehicle loans, reverse mortgages, small business finance, livestock finance, savings, investments and deposits.

PGG Wrightson
PGG Wrightson Limited is an agricultural supply business based in New Zealand.  It was created in 2005 through the merger of Pyne Gould Guinness Ltd and Wrightson Limited and has its roots in a number of stock and station agencies dating back to 1861. It is one of the major suppliers to the agricultural sector in New Zealand providing products such as seeds, grains, livestock, irrigation, farm equipment, insurance and financing.
Roger Butlin
Roger Kenneth Butlin is a British evolutionary biologist and professor at the University of Sheffield. He is known for his work on speciation. He served as Editor of Heredity from 2009 to 2012, and President of the European Society for Evolutionary Biology from 2013 to 2015. In 2015 he received the Darwin Wallace Medal.

Darwin–Wallace Medal
The Darwin–Wallace Medal is a medal awarded by the Linnean Society of London for "major advances in evolutionary biology". Historically, the medals have been awarded every 50 years, beginning in 1908.  That year marked 50 years after the joint presentation by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace of two scientific papers—On the Tendency of Species to form Varieties; and on the Perpetuation of Varieties and Species by Natural Means of Selection—to the Linnean Society of London on 1 July 1858. Fittingly, Wallace was one of the first recipients of the medal, in his case it was, exceptionally, in gold, rather than the silver version presented in the six other initial awards. However, in 2008 the Linnean Society announced that due to the continuing importance of evolutionary research, the medal will be awarded on an annual basis beginning in 2010.
Liberty Grove, Wisconsin
Liberty Grove is a town in Door County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,096 at the 2020 census. The unincorporated communities of Ellison Bay, Gills Rock, North Bay, Northport, and Rowleys Bay are in the town.

Northport, Door County, Wisconsin
Northport is an unincorporated community in the town of Liberty Grove in Door County, Wisconsin, United States. It is the northern terminus of WIS 42 and location of the peninsula-side ferry dock of the Washington Island Ferry. The ferry takes freight, vehicles, and passengers across the Porte des Morts strait to Washington Island.
NA-204 Khairpur-III
NA-204 Khairpur-III (این اے-204، خيرپُور-3) is a parliamentary constituency for the National Assembly of Pakistan located in the Khairpur District of Sindh. The constituency includes the areas of Gambat, Kingri Tehsil, and a portion of Sobho Dero Tehsil.

Historically, NA-204 Khairpur-III has witnessed competitive elections with varying results. The constituency has been represented by different political parties over the years, with the Pakistan People's Party (PPP) holding the seat in recent elections. In the 2024 general elections, Syed Javed Ali Shah Jillani of PPP won the seat with 113,022 votes, securing 54.49% of the vote share, demonstrating a notable increase in support for his party.

In the past, the constituency has also been represented by Syed Fazal Ali Shah Jillani, who won in 2002 and 2008. The seat has been a battleground for several key political parties.

Fazal Ali Shah
Pir Syed Fazal Ali Shah Jillani is a Pakistani politician, and parliamentarian. He has been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan since February 2024 and previously served in this position from 1997 to 1999, from November 2002 to November 2007, from March 2008 to March 2013, and from August 2018 till August 2023. He was a member of the Provincial Assembly of Sindh from 2013 to 2018. He was also Federal Minister for Land Commission.
Queenborough (UK Parliament constituency)
The constituency of Queenborough was a rotten borough situated on the Isle of Sheppey in Kent.

From 1572 until it was abolished by the Reform Act 1832, it returned two Members of Parliament. The franchise was vested in the freemen of the town, of whom there were more than 300.  Its electorate was therefore one of largest of the 56 boroughs that were abolished.  Most freemen, however, were non resident.

A small town in Kent, England, which grew as a port near the Thames Estuary.
It was formerly a municipal borough in the Faversham parliamentary division of Kent, and is two miles south of Sheerness on the Isle of Sheppey, nearby the westward entrance to the Swale, where it joins the River Medway. It is now in the Sittingbourne and Sheppey parliamentary constituency and governed by Swale Borough Council and Queenborough Town Council.

Queenborough
Queenborough is a town on the Isle of Sheppey in the Swale borough of Kent in South East England.

Queenborough is two miles (3 km) south of Sheerness. It grew as a port near the Thames Estuary at the westward entrance to the Swale where it joins the River Medway. It is in the Sittingbourne and Sheppey parliamentary constituency.

Queenborough Harbour offers moorings between the Thames and Medway. It is possible to land at Queenborough on any tide and there are boat builders and chandlers in the marina. Admiral Lord Nelson is reputed to have learned many of his seafaring skills in these waters, and also shared a house near the small harbour with his mistress, Lady Hamilton.

Queenborough today still reflects something of its original 18th-century seafaring history, from which period most of its more prominent buildings survive. The church is the sole surviving feature from the medieval period. The town was first represented by two members of parliament in 1572.
W Carinae
The designations W Carinae and w Carinae are distinct and refer to two different stars:

W Carinae, a classical Cepheid variable in the constellation Vela that is now called V Velorum

w Carinae (V520 Carinae), a red giant in the constellation of Carina

Vela (constellation)
Vela is a constellation in the southern sky, which contains the Vela Supercluster. Its name is Latin for the sails of a ship, and it was originally part of a larger constellation, the ship Argo Navis, which was later divided into three parts, the others being Carina and Puppis. With an apparent magnitude of 1.8, its brightest star is the hot blue multiple star Gamma Velorum, one component of which is the closest and brightest Wolf-Rayet star in the sky. Delta and Kappa Velorum, together with Epsilon and Iota Carinae, form the asterism known as the False Cross. 1.95-magnitude Delta is actually a triple or quintuple star system.
Siege of Mons (1691)
The siege of Mons, 15 March – 10 April 1691, was a major operation fought during the Nine Years' War, and was the main French objective for the 1691 campaign in the Spanish Netherlands. The city was besieged and captured before the normal commencement of the campaigning season with minimal losses. The outcome was not in doubt, but in a conflict dominated by siege warfare, neither the French army of King Louis XIV, nor the forces of the Grand Alliance under King William III, could bring about a decisive battle. After the siege the duc de Boufflers bombarded the neutral city of Liège, whilst the duc de Luxembourg captured Halle, and scored a minor victory against the Prince of Waldeck at the Battle of Leuze in September. Strategically, however, little had changed in the war, and both combatants returned to winter quarters at the end of the campaigning season.

Louis-François de Boufflers
Louis François de Boufflers, Duke of Boufflers (10 January 1644 – 22 August 1711), known in his lifetime as Chevalier Boufflers, was a prominent French soldier during the reign of Louis XIV of France. He was famed for his excellent defensive leadership during the sieges of Namur and Lille, next to his conduct during the Battle of Malplaquet. He received many honours for his military service, including being created count of Cagny (modern Crillon) and duke of Boufflers and being named a marshal of France.
DFS 193
The DFS 193 was a planned experimental German aircraft of the 1930s planned by Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Segelflug (DFS). Designed by Professor Alexander Lippisch and a DFS employee named Roth, it resembled Lippisch's Storch IX and the Gotha Go 147.

Alexander Lippisch
Alexander Martin Lippisch (2 November 1894 – 11 February 1976) was a German aeronautical engineer, a pioneer of aerodynamics who made important contributions to the understanding of tailless aircraft, delta wings and the ground effect, and also worked in the U.S. Within the Opel-RAK program, he was the designer of the world's first rocket-powered glider.

He developed and conceptualized delta wing designs which functioned practically in supersonic delta wing fighter aircraft as well as in hang gliders. People he worked with continued the development of the delta wing and supersonic flight concepts over the 20th century. His most famous designs are the Messerschmitt Me 163 rocket-powered interceptor: 174  and the Dornier Aerodyne.
Borovo, Blagoevgrad Province
Borovo is a village in Gotse Delchev Municipality, in Blagoevgrad Province, Bulgaria. The village is 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) north of Gotse Delchev. There are no industries in it, but the land is arable and fertile. The village has a post office. The medical care is provided by a general practitioner. The primary school "Kliment Ohridski" is responsible for the education of the children from the village. An amateur football club "Pirin-Barsa" is playing in the provincial league.

Gotse Delchev Municipality
Gotse Delchev Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Гоце Делчев, Obshtina Gotse Delchev)  is a municipality in Blagoevgrad Province in Bulgaria. It is situated in the southwestern part of Bulgaria in the valley of Mesta river and the surrounding parts of Pirin and Rhodope mountains, bordering with Sandanski Municipality to the west, Bansko Municipality to the north, Garmen Municipality to the east and Hadzhidimovo Municipality to the south.
Milt Machlin
Milt Machlin (June 26, 1924 – April 3, 2004) was an American journalist, author and adventurer. He helped popularize the phrases "Bermuda Triangle" and "Abominable Snowman" and led an expedition to attempt to find Michael Rockefeller, who disappeared in New Guinea in 1961.

Michael Rockefeller
Michael Clark Rockefeller (May 18, 1938; disappeared November 19, 1961) was an explorer and member of the Rockefeller family. He was a son of New York Governor and later U.S. Vice President Nelson Rockefeller, a grandson of American financier John D. Rockefeller Jr., and a great-grandson of Standard Oil co-founder John D. Rockefeller Sr.

In 1961, Rockefeller disappeared during an expedition in the Asmat region of southwestern Dutch New Guinea, which is now a part of the Indonesian province of South Papua, with conflicting views of his fate; Rockefeller's twin sister wrote in a 2012 memoir that she believes her brother drowned. In 2014, Carl Hoffman published a book that included details from the official inquest into the disappearance, in which villagers and tribal elders stated that Rockefeller had been killed and eaten, after swimming to shore in 1961. No remains of Rockefeller or physical proof of his death have been discovered.
Otrick Island
Otrick Island is a member of the Arctic Archipelago in the territory of Nunavut. The uninhabited island lies in Peel Sound, south of Somerset Island's Four Rivers Bay. The equally small Barth Island is to the south.

Peel Sound
Peel Sound is an Arctic waterway in the Qikiqtaaluk, Nunavut, Canada. It separates Somerset Island on the east from Prince of Wales Island on the west. To the north it opens onto Parry Channel while its southern end merges with Franklin Strait.

There are several named islands within the sound, including: Lock, Vivian, Prescott, Pandora, Otrick, Barth, De la Roquette, and Gibson.

Sir John Franklin passed through the strait in 1846 during an unseasonably warm summer, since typically Peel Sound is frozen. Its east side was traced by James Clark Ross in 1849. In 1858 Francis Leopold McClintock tried to penetrate it and was blocked by ice.
Alpine skiing at the 1988 Winter Paralympics – Men's downhill B1
The men's downhill B1 was one of the events held in Alpine skiing at the 1988 Winter Paralympics in Innsbruck.

There were 10 competitors in the final.

Austria's Franz Griessbacher set a time of 1:10.43, taking the gold medal, the first of two for him.

Willi Hohm won his only Paralympic medal at this event, having previously competed in several events at the 1976 Winter Paralympics and 1984 Winter Paralympics.

Franz Griessbacher
Franz Griessbacher is an Austrian para-alpine skier. He represented Austria in alpine skiing at the 1988 Winter Paralympics.

He won the gold medal at the Men's Downhill B1 event and also at the Men's Giant Slalom B1 event.
Fano's inequality
In information theory, Fano's inequality (also known as the Fano converse and the Fano lemma) relates the average information lost in a noisy channel to the probability of the categorization error.  It was derived by Robert Fano in the early 1950s while teaching a Ph.D. seminar in information theory at MIT, and later recorded in his 1961 textbook.

It is used to find a lower bound on the error probability of any decoder as well as the lower bounds for minimax risks in density estimation.

Let the discrete random variables  and  represent input and output messages with a joint probability . Let  represent an occurrence of error; i.e., that , with  being an approximate version of . Fano's inequality is

where  denotes the support of ,  denotes the cardinality of (number of elements in) ,

is the conditional entropy,

is the probability of the communication error, and

is the corresponding binary entropy.

Robert Fano
Roberto Mario "Robert" Fano (11 November 1917 – 13 July 2016) was an Italian-American computer scientist and professor of electrical engineering and computer science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He became a student and working lab partner to Claude Shannon, whom he admired zealously and assisted in the early years of information theory.
Cannonball (short story)
"Cannonball" (Chinese: 地球大炮; pinyin: dìqiú dàpào) is a science-fiction short story by Chinese writer Liu Cixin, first published in Science Fiction World (Chinese: 科幻世界; pinyin: kēhuàn shìjiè) in Chengdu in Sichuan Province in September 2003. The short story was included in the collection The Wandering Earth published by Head of Zeus in October 2017.

Liu Cixin
Liu Cixin (Chinese: 刘慈欣; pinyin: Liú Cíxīn, pronounced [ljǒʊ tsʰɹ̩̌.ɕín]; born 23 June 1963) is a Chinese computer engineer and science fiction writer. In English translations of his works, his name is given as Cixin Liu. He is sometimes called "Da Liu" ("Big Liu") by his fellow science fiction writers in China.

He is a nine-time winner of China's Galaxy Award, and has also received the 2015 Hugo Award for his novel The Three-Body Problem, as well as the 2017 Locus Award for Death's End. He is also a winner of the Chinese Nebula Award. He is a member of the China Science Writers Association and the vice president of the Shanxi Writers Association.
Max et les ferrailleurs
Max et les ferrailleurs (English: Max and the Junkmen) is a 1971 crime drama film directed by Claude Sautet, based on the novel of the same name by Claude Néron. The film stars Michel Piccoli and Romy Schneider, with François Périer and Georges Wilson in supporting roles.

Claude Sautet
Claude Sautet (23 February 1924 – 22 July 2000) was a French film director and screenwriter.

He was a chronicler of post-war French society. He made a total of five films with his favorite actress Romy Schneider.
UIB metro station
UIB is a station on the Palma Metro. It is situated on the south side of the main campus of University of the Balearic Islands (Catalan: Universitat de les Illes Balears, UIB), which is located in northern part of Palma on the island of Majorca, Spain.

The station, which was opened 25 April 2007 by Catalina Cirer, mayor of Palma de Mallorca, was the northerly terminus of the line until 2 July 2025. On that day, a one-station extension to Parc Bit, the new northern terminus of the line, was opened.

Palma Metro
The Palma Metro (Catalan: Metro de Palma, Spanish: Metro de Palma [de Mallorca]) is a light metro system in Palma de Mallorca, Spain. The system is operated by the Consorci de Transports de Mallorca (CTM).

As of 2025, the system consists of a single 9.9-kilometre-long (6.2 mi) line, the M1, with ten stations, linking Palma's city centre with the University of the Balearic Islands on the edge of the city. Between 2013 and 2022 there existed a second line, the M2, which ran between Palma and the town of Marratxí.

In 2016, the Palma Metro carried 1.2 million passengers, an average of 3,288 per day.
The Redcastle Sessions
The Redcastle Sessions is a DVD featuring live performances by folk artist Cara Dillon of songs from her first three solo albums, as well as previously unreleased songs and songs for inclusion on her fourth solo studio album. The DVD was filmed on location in a converted hospital at Redcastle, County Donegal in the Republic of Ireland and in McReynolds Bar, Dungiven, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. Also included on the DVD is an interview with Dillon and footage of her returning to her parents' home house.

The DVD features 5.1 audio. Also included is a photo gallery of the filming of the DVD.

The original release date for the DVD was June 9, 2008, however due to manufacturing problems, the release was delayed. During Dillon's The Redcastle Sessions Tour in June, she had a special promotion whereby anyone who pre-ordered the DVD received a free copy of her single "If I Prove False" to compensate for the delay.

Cara Dillon
Cara Elizabeth Dillon (born 21 July 1975, in Dungiven, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland) is a Northern Irish folk singer.

In 1995, she joined the folk group Equation and signed a record deal with Warners Music Group. After leaving the group, she collaborated with Sam Lakeman under the name Polar Star. In 2001, she released her first solo album, Cara Dillon, which featured traditional songs and two original Dillon/Lakeman compositions. The album was an unexpected hit in the folk world, with Dillon receiving four nominations at the 2002 BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards. She has since released a further eight albums.
Double wedge
In geometry, a double wedge is the  (closure of) the symmetric difference of two half-spaces whose boundaries are not parallel to each other. For instance, in the Cartesian plane, the union of the positive and negative quadrants forms a double wedge, and more generally in two dimensions a double wedge consists of the set of points within two vertical angles defined by a pair of lines. In projective geometry double wedges are the projective duals of line segments.

Duality (projective geometry)
In projective geometry, duality or plane duality is a formalization of the striking symmetry of the roles played by points and lines in the definitions and theorems of projective planes. There are two approaches to the subject of duality, one through language (§ Principle of duality) and the other a more functional approach through special mappings. These are completely equivalent and either treatment has as its starting point the axiomatic version of the geometries under consideration. In the functional approach there is a map between related geometries that is called a duality. Such a map can be constructed in many ways. The concept of plane duality readily extends to space duality and beyond that to duality in any finite-dimensional projective geometry.