hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jimmy Butler (actor)
Jimmy Butler (February 20, 1921 – February 18, 1945) was an American, juvenile, motion-pictures actor, active in the 1930s and early 1940s.

Butler was the son of Mr. and Mrs. Merrill W. Butler. He gained early acting experience at the Pasadena Community Playhouse.

Butler earned acclaim for his role in the 1933 film Only Yesterday, his screen debut, and in 1934 his career got another significant boost when the actor earned lavish critical plaudits for his portrayal of Jim Wade in Manhattan Melodrama. Later he played one of the young protagonists, Boka, in No Greater Glory.

On February 15, 1941, Butler married singer Jean Fahrney. They initially kept the marriage secret, but it became known in March 1941. They remained wed until his death.

In 1945, Butler died in World War II combat in the town of Theding, France.

Manhattan Melodrama
Manhattan Melodrama is a 1934 American pre-Code crime drama film, produced by MGM, directed by W. S. Van Dyke, that stars Clark Gable, William Powell, and Myrna Loy. The movie also provided one of Mickey Rooney's earliest film roles. (Rooney played Gable's character as a child.) The film is based on a story by Arthur Caesar, who won the Academy Award for Best Original Story. It was also the first of Myrna Loy and William Powell's fourteen screen pairings.

Notorious criminal John Dillinger attended a showing of the film at Chicago's Biograph Theater on July 22, 1934. After leaving the theater, he was shot to death by federal agents. Myrna Loy was among those who expressed distaste at the studio's willingness to exploit this event for the financial benefit of the film. Scenes from Manhattan Melodrama, in addition to Dillinger's death, are depicted in the 2009 film Public Enemies starring Johnny Depp as Dillinger.
Lockhart Independent School District
The Lockhart Independent School District is a public school district based in Lockhart, Texas. In addition to Lockhart, the district also serves the portions of Mustang Ridge, Niederwald, and Pettytown in Caldwell County, as well as the unincorporated communities of Dale, Lytton Springs, Maxwell, Brownsboro, Delhi, Elm Grove, McMahan, Mendoza, Saint Johns Colony, Seawillow, Taylorsville, and Tilmon.

In 2008–09, 2009–10, and 2010–11, the school district was rated "Recognized" by the Texas Education Agency.

Taylorsville, Texas
Taylorsville is an unincorporated community in Caldwell County, in the U.S. state of Texas. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 20 in 2000. It is located within the Greater Austin metropolitan area.
Las golondrinas (zarzuela)
Las golondrinas is a zarzuela by José María Usandizaga. The libretto was written by Gregorio Martínez Sierra and María Lejárraga.

Las golondrinas premiered on February 5, 1914, at the Teatro Circo Price in Madrid.

María de la O Lejárraga
María de la O Lejárraga García (28 December 1874 – 28 June 1974) was a Spanish feminist writer, dramatist, translator and politician. She is also known by her married name  María Martínez Sierra.  Some of her work was published under the name of her husband Gregorio Martínez Sierra.
Cola Cao song
The "Cola Cao song" (Spanish: Canción del Cola Cao) was a popular radiophonic advertisement in Spain used to promote the product Cola Cao in 1952. It is a nostalgia item identified with the metallic container. The song was aired in 1955 and composed by Aurelio Jordi Dotras, and its first verses are still remembered: "Yo soy aquel negrito del África Tropical / que cultivando cantaba la canción del Cola Cao /..." ("I am that little black guy from Tropical Africa / who sang the Cola Cao song while cultivating").

It was one of the first advertisement in Spain which was repeated in the radio. In 1956, due to the song success, the company had from seventeen employees to a hundred of them. The company released a new version of the song in 2020, modifying the lyrics perceived as racist.

Cola Cao
Cola Cao is a sugary chocolate drink with vitamins and minerals that originated in Spain and is now produced and marketed in several countries. The brand is owned by the Barcelona-based company Idilia Foods (formerly Nutrexpa).
1972 Boston Red Sox season
The 1972 Boston Red Sox season was the 72nd season in the franchise's Major League Baseball history. The Red Sox finished second in the American League East with a record of 85 wins and 70 losses, one-half game behind the Detroit Tigers. Due to the cancellation of games missed during the 1972 Major League Baseball strike, Detroit played (and won) one more game than Boston, allowing them to finish with a record of 86–70, winning the division by a half-game.

1972 Detroit Tigers season
The 1972 Detroit Tigers season was the team's 72nd season and the 61st season at Tiger Stadium. The Tigers won the American League East championship with a record of 86–70 (.551), finishing one-half game ahead of the Boston Red Sox. They played one more game than the Red Sox due to a scheduling quirk caused by the 1972 Major League Baseball strike—a game which turned out to allow them to win the division. They lost the 1972 American League Championship Series to the Oakland A's three games to two.

Mickey Lolich recorded 376 innings pitched (IP), surpassing Bob Feller's 1946 live-ball era record of 371+1⁄3. The following season, Wilbur Wood of the Chicago White Sox set a new record with 376+2⁄3 IP.
Deep Springs Plantation
Deep Springs Plantation is a plantation house in Stoneville, North Carolina, United States. The farmland was later sold off to create the Deep Springs Country Club, a golf club and residential neighborhood, but the original house still exists as a private residence.

Stoneville, North Carolina
Stoneville is a town in Rockingham County, North Carolina, United States. Stoneville is part of the Greensboro–High Point metropolitan area of the Piedmont Triad. At the 2020 United States census, the town had a population of 1,308.
Money doctor
In 20th-century history, a money doctor refers to economic and financial experts that helped countries improve their financial and monetary policies, often through the creation or reform of the national central bank. Both the expression and practice of money doctors were most common in the first half of the century, after which their individual contributions were increasingly replaced by the more institutionalized role of the International Monetary Fund. Most money doctors were themselves working on behalf of a government or central bank, or of the Economic and Financial Organization of the League of Nations during the interwar period; some influential private bankers advising governments were also viewed as money doctors. Prominent money doctors included Americans Charles Arthur Conant and Edwin W. Kemmerer, Argentine Raúl Prebisch, Belgian Robert Triffin, Britons Otto Niemeyer and Walter J. F. Williamson, Frenchman Jean Monnet and Charles Rist, and Japanese Megata Tanetarō.

Charles Rist
Charles Rist (1 January 1874 – 11 January 1955) was a French economist. He established Institute Research Économiques Et Sociales (IRES) in 1933.

He was elected an International Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1932 and an International Member of the American Philosophical Society in 1938. His son was Léonard Rist.

Charles Rist died in Paris on 11 January 1955.
Japan Democratic Party
The Japan Democratic Party (日本民主党, Nihon Minshutō) was a conservative political party in Japan. Existing from 1954 to 1955, the party was founded by Ichirō Hatoyama, former foreign minister Mamoru Shigemitsu and future Prime Minister Nobusuke Kishi. The party was formed on 24 November 1954, by merging Ichiro Hatoyama's group which left the Liberal Party in 1953, and the Shigemitsu-led Kaishintō party. On 15 November 1955, the Japan Democrats merged with the Liberals to form the modern Liberal Democratic Party.

Mamoru Shigemitsu
Mamoru Shigemitsu (重光 葵, Shigemitsu Mamoru; July 29, 1887 – January 26, 1957) was a Japanese diplomat and politician who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs three times during and after World War II and as Deputy Prime Minister. As a civilian plenipotentiary representing the Japanese government, Shigemitsu cosigned the Japanese Instrument of Surrender on board the battleship USS Missouri on September 2, 1945.
Puvel's illadopsis
Puvel's illadopsis (Illadopsis puveli) is a species of bird in the family Pellorneidae. Its horizontal interrupted range of presence extends across the African tropical rainforest (mainly West Africa, on either side of the Dahomey Gap). Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forest, subtropical or tropical moist lowland forest, and subtropical or tropical moist shrubland.

Pellorneidae
The ground babblers are a family, Pellorneidae, of mostly Old World passerine birds belonging to the superfamily Sylvioidea. They are quite diverse in size and coloration, and usually characterised by soft, fluffy plumage and a tail on average the length of their body, or longer. These birds are found in tropical zones, with the greatest biodiversity in Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent.

Morphological diversity is rather high; most species resemble warblers, jays or thrushes, making field identification difficult.

The family Pellorneidae was first introduced by the French-American ornithologist Jean Théodore Delacour in 1946. Pellorneidae used to be one of four subfamilies of Timaliidae (tree- and scimitar-babblers), but was then elevated to its own family rank in 2011 based on molecular markers.
International Refugee Assistance Project
The International Refugee Assistance Project (IRAP)  works to organize law students and lawyers to develop and enforce legal and human rights for refugees and displaced persons. It was originally a project of the Urban Justice Center in New York City, founded and directed by Becca Heller. On December 23, 2018, IRAP became an independent 501(c)(3) organization.

IRAP has offices in New York City, Jordan, and Lebanon. IRAP is a plaintiff in International Refugee Assistance Project v. Trump and co-counsel in Darweesh v. Trump.

IRAP's board includes Robert J. Abernethy, Ahilan Arulanantham, Mazen Darwish, Zainab Salbi.

Robert J. Abernethy
Robert J. Abernethy (born February 28, 1940) is an American entrepreneur and philanthropist based in Manhattan Beach, California. He is the founder and president of both American Standard Development Company and Self Storage Management Company.
Nautilus Pompilius (band)
Nautilus Pompilius (Russian: Наутилус Помпилиус), sometimes nicknamed Nau (Russian: Нау), was an influential Soviet, and later Russian, rock band founded in Sverdlovsk in 1982 by Vyacheslav Butusov and Dmitry Umetsky. Butusov disbanded the group in 1997, after multiple albums and several different line-ups of the band.

Dmitry Umetsky
Dmitry Konstantinovich Umetsky (Russian: Дми́трий Константи́нович Уме́цкий, born on 31 August 1961 in Sverdlovsk) is a Soviet and Russian rock musician and songwriter.

Together with Vyacheslav Butusov, he founded the band Nautilus Pompilius, in which Umetsky mainly participated as a bassist. He was also an occasional co-author of the music or lyrics, backing vocalist, producer, and administrator of the band.
East Dorset, Vermont
East Dorset is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Dorset, Bennington County, Vermont, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

It is in northern Bennington County, in the eastern part of the town of Dorset, in a valley between Mount Aeolus of the Taconic Mountains to the west and the Green Mountains to the east. The Batten Kill rises at East Dorset and flows south and west to the Hudson River in New York.

U.S. Route 7 passes through East Dorset, leading north 26 miles (42 km) to Rutland and south 28 miles (45 km) to Bennington.

East Dorset is home to the first marble quarries in the United States. It is also the birthplace of Bill Wilson, co-founder of Alcoholics Anonymous.

Bill W.
William Griffith Wilson (November 26, 1895 – January 24, 1971), also known as Bill Wilson or Bill W., was an American businessman who co-conceived and co-founded Alcoholics Anonymous (AA), with fellow co-founder Bob Smith.

AA is an international mutual aid fellowship with about two million members worldwide belonging to AA groups, associations, organizations, cooperatives, and fellowships of alcoholics helping other alcoholics achieve and maintain sobriety. Following AA's Twelfth Tradition of anonymity, within the organization Wilson is commonly known as "Bill W." or "Bill". After his death, with his prior written permission, his full name was included in obituaries.

Wilson's sobriety from alcohol, which he maintained until his death, began December 11, 1934. In 1955, he turned over control of AA to a board of trustees. He died in 1971, and in 1999 Time listed him as "Bill W.: The Healer" in the Time 100: The Most Important People of the Century.
Opportunistic reasoning
Opportunistic reasoning is a method of selecting a suitable logical inference strategy within artificial intelligence applications.

Specific reasoning methods may be used to draw conclusions from a set of given facts in a knowledge base, e.g. forward chaining versus backward chaining. However, in opportunistic reasoning, pieces of knowledge may be applied either forward or backward, at the "most opportune time".

An opportunistic reasoning system may combine elements of both forward and backward reasoning. It is useful when the number of possible inferences is very large and the reasoning system must be responsive to new data that may become known.

Opportunistic reasoning has been used in applications such as blackboard systems and medical applications.

Blackboard system
A blackboard system is an artificial intelligence approach based on the blackboard architectural model, where a common knowledge base, the "blackboard", is iteratively updated by a diverse group of specialist knowledge sources, starting with a problem specification and ending with a solution.  Each knowledge source updates the blackboard with a partial solution when its internal constraints match the blackboard state.  In this way, the specialists work together to solve the problem.  The blackboard model was originally designed as a way to handle complex, ill-defined problems, where the solution is the sum of its parts.
GNU Circuit Analysis Package
GNU Circuit Analysis Package (Gnucap) is a general purpose circuit simulator started by Albert Davis in 1993. It is part of the GNU Project. The latest stable version is 0.35 from 2006. The latest development snapshot (as of July 2023) is from June 2023 and is usable.

It performs nonlinear DC and transient analysis, Fourier analysis, and AC analysis linearized at an operating point. It is fully interactive and command driven. It can also be run in batch mode or as a server. The output is produced as it simulates.

With grant funding from Nlnet, the Gnucap project started to implement a first free/libre simulator with Verilog-AMS capabilities. As of July 2023 the model generator covers most of the analog subset and effectively replaces ADMS.

Verilog-AMS
Verilog-AMS is a derivative of the Verilog hardware description language that includes Analog and Mixed-Signal extensions (AMS) in order to define the behavior of analog and mixed-signal systems. It extends the event-based simulator loops of Verilog/SystemVerilog/VHDL, by a continuous-time simulator, which can be used to solve differential equations in the analog-domain, as well as other problems. Both domains are coupled: analog events can trigger digital actions and vice versa.
Mohave Valley Elementary School District
Mohave Valley School District 16 is a school district in Mohave County, Arizona.  The district draws students from Fort Mojave and Mohave Valley as well as the Fort Mojave Indian Reservation.

The district includes the following census-designated places: Arizona Village, Fort Mohave, Mesquite Creek, Mojave Ranch Estate, Mohave Valley, and Willow Valley. It feeds into the Colorado River Union High School District.

Arizona Village, Arizona
Arizona Village is a census-designated place (CDP) on the Fort Mojave Indian Reservation in Mohave County, Arizona, United States. The population was 1,057 at the 2020 census, up from 946 in 2010 and 351 in 2000.
Flashpoint (album)
Flashpoint is a live album by the English rock band the Rolling Stones, their first since 1982's Still Life. Compiled from performances on the Steel Wheels/Urban Jungle Tour by Chris Kimsey with the assistance of Chris Potter, it was released in 1991. Steel Wheels Live (2020) includes a complete 1989 concert along with a selection of live rarities.

The tour and the two studio tracks recorded for Flashpoint were the last for bassist and long-time member Bill Wyman as a Rolling Stone.

Steel Wheels/Urban Jungle Tour
The Rolling Stones' Steel Wheels Tour was a concert tour which was launched in North America in August 1989 to promote the band's album Steel Wheels; it continued to Japan in February 1990, with ten shows at the Tokyo Dome. The European leg of the tour, which featured a different stage and logo, was called the Urban Jungle Tour; it ran from May to August 1990. These would be the last live concerts for the band with original member Bill Wyman on bass guitar. This tour would also be the longest the band had ever done up to that point, playing over twice as many shows as their standard tour length from the 1960s and 1970s.

The tour was a financial success, cementing the Rolling Stones' return to full commercial power after a seven-year hiatus in touring marked by well publicized acrimony among band members.
Banwarilal Bhalotia College
Banwarilal Bhalotia College, known by the abbreviation B. B. College, established in 1944, is a college in Asansol, Paschim Bardhaman district, West Bengal, India. It offers undergraduate courses in arts, commerce and sciences. It is affiliated with Kazi Nazrul University, Asansol.

Asansol
Asansol is a city in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the second largest city in West Bengal. It is the 33rd largest urban agglomeration in India by population. Asansol is the district headquarters of Paschim Bardhaman district. According to a 2010 report released by the International Institute for Environment and Development, a UK-based policy research non-governmental body, Asansol was ranked 11th among Indian cities and 42nd in the world in its list of 100 fastest-growing cities. Asansol is classed as a Y-category city for calculation of HRA (House Rent Allowance) for public servants (rate 16%) making it a "Tier-II" city.
Gottfried E. Noether Awards
The Gottfried Noether awards of the American Statistical Association are conferred annually. They honor the memory of Gottfried E. Noether, an early researcher in Nonparametric statistics. They originate from an endowment donated by Noether's wife and daughter, Emiliana and Monica Noether, with the mission to recognize eminent scholars in the field of nonparametric statistics.

There are two Noether awards each year. The Noether Distinguished Scholar Award goes to a senior researcher, whereas the Noether Early Career Scholar award is for an accomplished young researcher who obtained their PhD at most 8 years before. Both awards are handed out at the Joint Statistical Meetings each year, and come with a cash award of $5,000 for the senior version and $2,500 for the junior one. The awardees then present an invited lecture about their work.

Gottfried E. Noether
Gottfried Emanuel Noether (German: [ˈnøːtɐ]; 7 January 1915 – 22 August 1991) was a German-born American statistician and educator; one of the third generation of a famous family of mathematicians: he was the son of Fritz Noether and nephew of Emmy Noether, the grandson of Max Noether, and brother of chemist Herman Noether. He died in Willimantic, Connecticut.
Snježana Kordić
Snježana Kordić (pronounced [sɲěʒana kôːrditɕ] ⓘ; born October 29, 1964) is a Croatian linguist. In addition to her work in syntax, she has written on sociolinguistics. Kordić is known among non-specialists for her numerous articles against the puristic and prescriptive language policy in Croatia. Her 2010 book on language and nationalism popularised the theory of pluricentric languages in the Balkans.

Croatian linguistic purism
One of the defining features of modern Croatian is according to some a preference for word coinage from native Slavic morphemes, as opposed to adopting loanwords or replacing them altogether. This particularly relates to other Serbo-Croatian standards of Bosnian, Montenegrin and Serbian which liberally draw on Turkish, Latin, Greek, Russian and English loanwords.
Deborah Wolfe
Deborah Cannon Partridge Wolfe (December 22, 1916 — September 3, 2004) was an African American educator, minister, and Education Chief of the United States House of Representatives Committee on Education and Labor. Humbly self-described as a "teacher and preacher", Wolfe was a woman of many accomplishments in her field, an education reformer, and a pioneer who challenged racial and gender barriers.

Cranford High School
Cranford High School is a four-year public high school serving students in ninth through twelfth grades, located in Cranford, in Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, and operating as the lone secondary school of the Cranford Township Public Schools. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1929.

As of the 2024–25 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,116 students and 101.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.1:1. There were 15 students (1.3% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 6 (0.5% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.
Rukai Lake
The Rukai is a lake in Krakės Eldership, Kėdainiai District Municipality, central Lithuania. It is located 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) to the north from Krakės town, at Rukai village. It belongs to the Dotnuvėlė basin (part of the Nevėžis basin).

Coasts of the lake are flat, swampy, covered by reed beds.

The name Rukai comes from the village name Rukai.

Rukai, Kėdainiai
Rukai (formerly Russian: Руки, Polish: Ruki) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 45 people. It is located 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Gudžiūnai, on the shore of the Rukai Lake.
Greg Freeman (playwright)
Greg Freeman is an English playwright and television writer.

He is known for his critically acclaimed absurd and satirical plays, prompting Time Out London to dub him "batshit mental king of the dark fringe".

Freeman's notable works include Doig the Musical: With No Singing, No Dancing and Very Little Music, Beak Street, No Picnic and Dogstar.

In 2013, he and Lila Whelan were commissioned by Tacit Theatre to adapt Arthur Conan Doyle's A Study in Scarlet for the stage. It premiered at Southwark Playhouse in 2014.

Freeman also successfully adapted the US sitcom Who's the Boss? for British television; it was renamed The Upper Hand and ran for seven seasons.

He is the son of Dave Freeman.

Dave Freeman (British writer)
David Freeman (22 August 1922 – 28 March 2005) was a British film and television writer, working chiefly in comedy.

He was one of the first generation of writers who established television, taking over from radio, as the most popular medium for comedy. His works were known for their usage of puns and double entendre.

During the small screen's Golden Age, he wrote scripts for comedians including Benny Hill, Tony Hancock, Ted Ray, Terry Scott, Spike Milligan, Eric Sykes, Peter Sellers, Charlie Drake, Arthur Askey, Sid James, Leslie Crowther, Roy Hudd, Jimmy Edwards, Tommy Cooper, Harry Worth and Frankie Howerd.