hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Categorial grammar
Categorial grammar is a family of formalisms in natural language syntax that share the central assumption that syntactic constituents combine as functions and arguments. Categorial grammar posits a close relationship between the syntax and semantic composition, since it typically treats syntactic categories as corresponding to semantic types. Categorial grammars were developed in the 1930s by Kazimierz Ajdukiewicz and in the 1950s by Yehoshua Bar-Hillel and Joachim Lambek. It saw a surge of interest in the 1970s following the work of Richard Montague, whose Montague grammar assumed a similar view of syntax. It continues to be a major paradigm, particularly within formal semantics.

Syntax
In linguistics, syntax (/ˈsɪntæks/ SIN-taks) is the study of how words and morphemes well-formed combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Central concerns with syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning (semantics). Diverse approaches, such as generative grammar and functional grammar, offer unique perspectives on syntax, reflecting its complexity and centrality to understanding human language.
Lawrie Glacier
Lawrie Glacier (66°4′S 64°36′W﻿ / ﻿66.067°S 64.600°W﻿ / -66.067; -64.600) is a glacier flowing between Mount Genecand and Mezzo Buttress, and entering the head of Barilari Bay between Cherkovna Point and Prestoy Point on the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It was charted by the British Graham Land Expedition under Rymill, 1934–37, and was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1959 for Robert Lawrie, an English alpine and polar equipment specialist.

Mezzo Buttress
Mezzo Buttress (66°3′S 64°31′W﻿ / ﻿66.050°S 64.517°W﻿ / -66.050; -64.517) is a rocky buttress (in geographic terms, a rock feature that is slightly removed from a main feature) at the head of Barilari Bay just east of Lawrie Glacier, on the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. It was charted by the British Graham Land Expedition under John Rymill, 1934–37, and was so named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1959 because the face of this buttress is conspicuously divided diagonally, half being composed of black rock and the other half of red rock, "mezzo" being an Italian word meaning "half".
Lallio
Lallio (Bergamasque: Lài) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of Milan and about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) southwest of Bergamo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 4,050 and an area of 2.1 square kilometres (0.81 sq mi).

Lallio borders the following municipalities: Bergamo, Dalmine, Stezzano, Treviolo.

Treviolo
Treviolo (Bergamasque: Treviöl) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Milan and about 7 kilometres (4 mi) southwest of Bergamo. As of 1 January 2011, it had a population of 10,363 and an area of 8.7 square kilometres (3.4 sq mi).

The municipality of Treviolo contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Curnasco, Albegno, and Roncola: Curnasco is the most populated.

Treviolo borders the following municipalities: Bergamo, Bonate Sopra, Bonate Sotto, Curno, Dalmine, Lallio.
British swimming champions – 50 metres freestyle winners
The British swimming champions over 50 metres freestyle winners are listed below.

The event first appeared at the 1984 Championships. Mark Foster, with 14 wins, and Francesca Halsall with eleven are the most successful male and female swimmers in the event, with Hansell's nne-in-a-row a record for consecutive titles. The reigning men's and women's champions (2025) are Ben Proud (his seventh) and Eva Okaro (her first) respectively.

Mark Foster (swimmer)
Mark Andrew Foster (born 12 May 1970) is an English former competitive swimmer who represented Great Britain in the Olympics and world championships, and swam for England in the Commonwealth Games.  Foster is a former world champion and won multiple medals in international competition during his long career.  He competed primarily in butterfly and freestyle at 50 metres.

Foster is a specialist short-course (25 metre pool) swimmer. In terms of medals and longevity (1986–2008), he is amongst the most successful British swimmers of all time. He was the fastest swimmer in the country by age 15. He made a comeback at the national championships in July 2007 winning both events he competed in after barely training. He achieved the fifth best time in 2007 in the world at 50 metres freestyle and retired for the second time after the 2008 Olympics. He has six World Championship titles, two Commonwealth titles and eleven European titles to his name.
Marc Lacroix (biochemist)
Marc Guy Albert Marie Lacroix (pronounced [maʁk lakʁwa]; born 28 April 1963 in Verviers, Wallonia) is a Belgian biochemist (educated at University of Liège) and a researcher who specializes in breast cancer biology, metastasis and therapy.

He works at Institut Jules Bordet (Brussels, Belgium). He lives in Baelen.

Baelen
Baelen (French pronunciation: [balɛn]; Walloon: Bailou) is a municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Liège, Belgium.

On January 1, 2006, Baelen had a total population of 4,060. The total area is 85.73 km2 which gives a population density of 47.36 inhabitants per km2.

The municipality consists of the following districts: Baelen and Membach.
Pistol River
The Pistol River is a coastal stream that meanders for 21 miles (34 km) through the Southern Oregon Coast Range to the Pacific Ocean near the unincorporated community of Pistol River in the U.S. state of Oregon. Flowing generally southwest from its origin near Sugarloaf Mountain in the Siskiyou National Forest, the river enters the sea at Pistol River State Scenic Viewpoint, 10 miles (16 km) south of Gold Beach. The river received its name after pioneer James Mace lost his pistol in it in 1853.

The Pistol River supports populations of chinook salmon, threatened coho salmon, steelhead, and coastal cutthroat trout. The river flows generally through forests where logging has damaged the fish habitat. Work to restore the habitat is ongoing.

Rogue River–Siskiyou National Forest
The Rogue River–Siskiyou National Forest is a United States national forest in the U.S. states of Oregon and California.  The formerly separate Rogue River and Siskiyou National Forests were administratively combined in 2004.  Now, the Rogue River–Siskiyou National Forest ranges from the crest of the Cascade Range west into the Siskiyou Mountains, covering almost 1.8 million acres (7,300 km2). Forest headquarters are located in Medford, Oregon.
Law & Order: Special Victims Unit season 15
The fifteenth season of Law & Order: Special Victims Unit made its debut with a two-hour premiere episode on September 25, 2013, at 9pm/8c - 11pm/10c (Eastern), on NBC. The season ended on May 21, 2014, after 24 episodes.

Connie Rubirosa
Consuela "Connie" Rubirosa is a fictional character, portrayed by Alana de la Garza, who joined the cast of long-running NBC drama series Law & Order during the 17th-season premiere episode "Fame". She is the only second-chair assistant district attorney (ADA) of Law & Order to have appeared in four complete seasons and the last ADA on the show before its eventual cancellation in 2010. She later appeared on Law & Order: LA as a series regular until the show's cancellation in May 2011. In January 2014, she appeared on Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, in which she has become an assistant U.S. attorney in the Southern District of New York.
3rd (Lahore) Division
The 3rd (Lahore) Division was an infantry division of the Indian Army and before 1895, the Bengal Army, first organised in 1852. It saw service during World War I as part of the Indian Corps in France before being moved to the Middle East where it fought against troops of the Ottoman Empire.

Manchester Regiment
The Manchester Regiment was a line infantry regiment of the British Army in existence from 1881 until 1958. The regiment was created during the 1881 Childers Reforms by the amalgamation of the 63rd (West Suffolk) Regiment of Foot and the 96th Regiment of Foot as the 1st and 2nd battalions; the 6th Royal Lancashire Militia became the 3rd (Reserve) and 4th (Extra Reserve) battalions and the Volunteer battalions became the 5th, 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th and 10th battalions.

After distinguished service in both the First and the Second World Wars, the Manchester Regiment was amalgamated with the King's Regiment (Liverpool) in 1958, to form the King's Regiment (Manchester and Liverpool), which was, in 2006, amalgamated with the King's Own Royal Border Regiment and the Queen's Lancashire Regiment to form the present Duke of Lancaster's Regiment (King's, Lancashire and Border).
Light Years from Love
"Light Years from Love" is a solo single by Canadian singer/keyboard player Martha Ladly, released under the name of "Martha" in  1983.

Ladly left Canadian new wave band Martha & the Muffins in December 1980 to form the Scenery Club, this was her second and final solo single. co-written with Brett Wickens, it boasted a string arrangement by Simon Jeffes of The Penguin Cafe Orchestra, and New Order's Peter Hook provided one of his signature bass lines.
It was produced by Steve Nye.

The single attracted some attention, but not enough to warrant a full album.

Martha and the Muffins
Martha and the Muffins are a Canadian rock band, active from 1977 to the present. Although they only had one major international hit single "Echo Beach" under their original band name, they had a number of hits in their native Canada, and the core members of the band also charted in Canada and internationally as M + M.
Gardens Shul
The Gardens Shul, formally the Cape Town Hebrew Congregation (CTHC), also called the Great Synagogue, is a Modern Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located in the Company's Garden, in the Gardens neighborhood of Cape Town, South Africa. The congregation was established in 1841, making it the oldest Jewish congregation in South Africa.

The congregation, known as "The Mother Synagogue of South Africa," possesses two historic structures, the 1863 synagogue known as the Old Shul and the 1905 synagogue. The South African Jewish Museum, located in its grounds, also occupies the Old Shul and is responsible for its upkeep. The 1905 building is an example of Edwardian architecture and has been called "one of the most magnificent synagogues in the world."

Company's Garden
The Company's Garden is a large public park situated in Cape Town CBD - the main commercial district of Cape Town. It is the oldest garden in South Africa, and a national heritage site.

The garden was originally created in the 1650s by the region's first European settlers and provided fertile ground to grow fresh produce to replenish ships rounding the Cape. It is watered from the Molteno Dam, which uses water from the springs on the lower slopes of Table Mountain.
Time Travel Is Lonely
Time Travel Is  Lonely is the second album by John Vanderslice, released in 2001. Time Travel Is Lonely is a concept album about Vanderslice's fictional brother Jesse Vanderslice as he slowly succumbs to polar madness while living in Antarctica.

In the track "Do You Remember," Vanderslice imagines different possible outcomes for the famous Chinese rebel who held back tanks while protesting for Democracy at Tiananmen Square.

The song "Interlude 2" is based on the 1st Prelude in C from Bach's Well Tempered Clavier.

John Vanderslice
John Warren Vanderslice (born May 22, 1967) is an American musician, songwriter, record producer, and recording engineer. He is the owner and founder of Tiny Telephone, an analog recording studio in San Francisco and Oakland, California.

Vanderslice has released nineteen full-length studio albums and five remix records and EPs on Dead Oceans and Barsuk Records. He has collaborated with musicians such as the Mountain Goats, St. Vincent, and Spoon.
Bodman PLC
Bodman PLC is a business law firm headquartered in Ford Field, located in downtown Detroit, Michigan. Founded in 1929 by two former Ford Motor Company lawyers, Wallace R. Middleton and Clifford B. Longley, the firm is one of the state’s largest, with more than 160 lawyers in four offices: Ann Arbor, Detroit, Grand Rapids, and Troy.

Bodman has long been known for its close associations with the automotive and financial services industries and for its long-term relationships with significant clients. For example, the firm has maintained a continuous client relationship with members of the Ford family since 1929 and with Comerica Incorporated since it assisted in the formation of Manufacturer's National Bank, which later merged with Comerica, in 1933. The firm represents more than 80 financial institutions in Michigan and across the U.S. as well as Tier-1, -2 and -3 automotive suppliers and OEMs on a national and international basis.

Ford Field
Ford Field is a domed American football stadium located in Detroit, Michigan, U.S. It primarily serves as the home of the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL), the Mid-American Conference championship game, the annual state championship football games for the MHSAA, the MHSAA State Wrestling Championships, and the MCBA Marching Band State Finals, among other events. It was also the home of the Michigan Panthers of the United Football League (UFL) from 2023 to 2025. The regular seating capacity is approximately 65,000, though it is expandable up to 70,000 for football and 80,000 for basketball.

The naming rights were purchased by the Ford Motor Company for $40 million over 20 years; the Ford family holds a controlling interest in the company, and they have controlled ownership of the Lions franchise since 1964.
SLC2A9
Solute carrier family 2, facilitated glucose transporter member 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC2A9 gene.

This gene encodes a member of the SLC2A facilitative glucose transporter family. Members of this family play a significant role in maintaining glucose homeostasis.  The encoded protein may play a role in the development and survival of chondrocytes in cartilage matrices. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.

SLC2A9 has also recently been found to transport uric acid, and genetic variants of the transporter have been linked to increased risk of development of both hyperuricemia, gout and Alzheimer's disease.

Uric acid
Uric acid is a heterocyclic compound of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen with the formula C5H4N4O3. It forms ions and salts known as urates and acid urates, such as ammonium acid urate. Uric acid is a product of the metabolic breakdown of purine nucleotides, and it is a normal component of urine. High blood concentrations of uric acid can lead to gout and are associated with other medical conditions, including diabetes and the formation of ammonium acid urate kidney stones.
Tracy Mann
Tracy Mann is an Australian actress and voice artist. She became known for playing deaf biker's moll Georgie Baxter in Prisoner. After appearing in a number of television series, she won an Australian Film Institute award in 1980 for the film Hard Knocks. She has also won awards for her work in the miniseries Sword of Honour and 2005 comedy film Hating Alison Ashley.

Top End Wedding
Top End Wedding is a 2019 Australian romantic comedy film directed by Wayne Blair, starring Miranda Tapsell and Gwilym Lee. Tapsell also co-wrote the film and served as the executive producer.

The film tells the story of Lauren, a lawyer planning to wed her fiancé in her hometown, only to discover that her mother has abruptly left the family.

A follow-up television series Top End Bub released in 2025, with Tapsell and Lee reprising their roles.
Rugby league nines
Rugby league nines (or simply nines) is a version of rugby league football played with nine players on each side. The game is substantially the same as full rugby league, with some differences in rules and shorter games. Nines is usually played in festivals, as its shorter game play allows for a tournament to be completed in a day or over a single weekend.

In July 2021, International Rugby League (IRL) chair Troy Grant stated that the organisation was considering a bid for rugby league nines to be played at the 2032 Summer Olympics in Brisbane. Rugby sevens, a similarly-condensed version of rugby union, has been a core Olympic event since 2016.

International Rugby League
The International Rugby League (IRL) is the global governing body for the sport of rugby league football. The IRL organises the Rugby League World Cup, the oldest international rugby World Cup, as well as the Women's and Wheelchair equivalent.

International Rugby Leagues headquarters are in London, England and is currently made of 32 members.

Founded as the Rugby League Imperial Board in 1927 by the Rugby Football League, French Rugby League Federation, Australian Rugby League Board of Control and the New Zealand Rugby League. In 1948 it became the  International Rugby League Board when its membership expanded and then the Rugby League International Federation between 1998-2020.

There are two regional associations affiliated to the IRL; the European Rugby League (ERL) and the Asia-Pacific Rugby League (APRL).
The Library of the Dead
The Library of the Dead is a novel written by T. L. Huchu. It is his third novel and the first volume in the Edinburgh Nights series. It was first published by Tor Books in 2021. The novel is set in a dystopian Edinburgh.

Tendai Huchu
Tendai Huchu (born 28 September 1982) who also writes as T. L. Huchu is a Zimbabwean author, known for his novels The Hairdresser of Harare (2010), The Maestro, The Magistrate & The Mathematician (2014), and The Edinburgh Nights series.
Santa Maria Madalena, Rio de Janeiro
Santa Maria Madalena (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈsɐ̃tɐ mɐˈɾi.ɐ madɐˈlẽnɐ]) is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. Its population was 10,392 (2020) and its area is 816 km2.

The municipality contains part of the 21,444-hectare (52,990-acre) Desengano State Park, created in 1970.

Desengano State Park
The Desengano State Park (Portuguese: Parque Estadual do Desengano) is a state park in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
It protects an area of rugged mountains with a large remnant of Atlantic Forest that is home to various endangered species.
Lafayette, Virginia
Lafayette is a census-designated place (CDP) between the cities of Roanoke and Christiansburg in eastern Montgomery County, southwest Virginia, United States. The population as of the 2010 Census was 449.  It is located adjacent to Elliston, at the confluence of the North and South Forks of the Roanoke River.

The Lafayette Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.

Montgomery County, Virginia
Montgomery County is a county located in the Valley and Ridge area of the U.S. state of Virginia. As population in the area increased, Montgomery County was formed in 1777 from Fincastle County, which in turn had been taken from Botetourt County. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 99,721. Its county seat is Christiansburg, and Blacksburg is the largest town. Montgomery County is part of the Blacksburg-Christiansburg metropolitan area. It is dominated economically by the presence of Virginia Tech, Virginia's third largest public university, which is the county's largest employer.
Parijatha
Parijatha is a 2012 Indian Kannada-language romantic comedy film directed by Prabhu Srinivas starring Diganth, Aindrita Ray and Sharan.

The film is a remake of the Tamil film Boss Engira Bhaskaran starring Arya and Nayantara.  The film was a musical hit with the soundtrack and score composed by Mano Murthy. The film also received appreciation for its neat screenplay.

Aindrita Ray
Aindrita Ray (born 19 April) is an Indian actress who primarily works in Kannada film's alongside Bengali and Hindi films. Ray is a recipient of two South Indian International Movie Awards, and was considered as one of famous and leading actress of her time in kannada industry. Ray also has five nominations for  Filmfare Awards South.

Ray made her acting debut in 2007, with Meravanige. She had her breakthrough with Manasaare (2010), for which she received the Filmfare Award for Best Actress – Kannada nomination. Ray received two more Filmfare Best Actress nomination for her performance in Veera Parampare (2010) and Bhajarangi (2013). For the last of these, she won the SIIMA Award for Best Actress – Kannada. Her other successful films are Paramathma (2011), Mungaru Male 2 (2016), Chowka (2017), Premam Poojyam (2021), Kshamisi Nimma Khaatheyalli Hanavilla (2022) and Thimayya & Thimayya (2022).
Ukridge's Dog College
"Ukridge's Dog College" is a short story by P. G. Wodehouse, which first appeared in the United States in the April 1923 issue of Cosmopolitan, and in the United Kingdom in the May 1923 Strand. It features the irrepressible Stanley Featherstonehaugh Ukridge and was included in the collection Ukridge, published in 1924.

Ukridge (short story collection)
Ukridge is a collection of short stories by P. G. Wodehouse, first published in the United Kingdom on 3 June 1924 by Herbert Jenkins, London, and in the United States on 30 July 1925 by George H. Doran, New York, under the title He Rather Enjoyed It.

The stories had previously appeared in Cosmopolitan Magazine in the US and in the Strand Magazine in the UK.

The book contains ten short stories relating the adventures of Stanley Featherstonehaugh Ukridge, narrated by Ukridge's long-suffering friend, the writer "Corky" Corcoran.
Vice President of the United Arab Emirates
The vice president of the United Arab Emirates is the deputy head of state of the United Arab Emirates. The office holder will perform all the responsibilities of the President of the United Arab Emirates in the latter's absence for any reason.

While not required by the constitution, the practice is that the ruler of Dubai simultaneously serves as the vice president of the UAE. The vice president is elected by the Federal Supreme Council for renewable five-year-terms.

The first vice president, Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum, took office on 2 December 1971. Every prime minister since 1979 also held the title of vice president.

Ruler of Dubai
The ruler of Dubai (Arabic: حاكم دبي) is the position of the hereditary monarch and head of government of the Emirate of Dubai. The Ruler is also considered the head of the House of Maktoum, the royal family of Dubai and one of the six ruling families of the UAE. After the unification of the Emirate of Dubai within the United Arab Emirates, the Ruler of Dubai nominally assumes the position of Vice President and Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates and sits at the seat reserved for Dubai at the Federal Supreme Council.