hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Low-emission zone
A low-emission zone (LEZ) is a defined area where access by some polluting vehicles is restricted or deterred with the aim of improving air quality. This may favour vehicles such as bicycles, micromobility vehicles, (certain) alternative fuel vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, plug-in hybrids, and zero-emission vehicles such as all-electric vehicles.

An ultra-low-emission zone (ULEZ) is a zone with a stricter emissions requirement than LEZ.

A zero-emission zone (ZEZ) is a LEZ where only zero-emissions vehicles (ZEVs) are allowed. In such areas, all internal combustion engine vehicles are banned; this includes any plug-in hybrid vehicles which cannot run zero-emission. Only battery electric vehicles and hydrogen vehicles are allowed in a ZEZ, along with walking and cycling and fully electric public transport vehicles, e.g. trams, electric buses etc.

Zero-emissions vehicle
A zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) is a vehicle that does not emit exhaust gas or other pollutants from the onboard source of power. The California definition also adds that this includes under any and all possible operational modes and conditions. This is because under cold-start conditions for example, internal combustion engines tend to produce the maximum amount of pollutants. In a number of countries and states, transport is cited as the main source of greenhouse gases (GHG) and other pollutants. The desire to reduce this is thus politically strong.
Olyshivka
Olyshivka (Ukrainian: Олишівка; Russian: Олишевка) is a rural settlement in Chernihiv Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, northern Ukraine. It is located about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of the city of Chernihiv. It hosts the administration of Olyshivka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 1,794 (2022 estimate).

Until 26 January 2024, Olyshivka was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Olyshivka became a rural settlement.

Chernihiv Raion
Chernihiv Raion  (Ukrainian: Чернігівський район) is a raion (district) of Chernihiv Oblast, northern Ukraine. Its administrative centre is the city of Chernihiv. Population: 445,430 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Chernihiv Oblast was reduced to five, and the area of Chernihiv Raion was significantly expanded. Four abolished raions, Horodnia, Kozelets, Kulykivka, and Ripky Raions, as well as part of Mena Raion and the city of Chernihiv, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Chernihiv Raion. Before the expansion, the raion covered an area of 2,547 square kilometres (983 mi2). The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 51,152 (2020 est.).
Somerdale, New Jersey
Somerdale is a borough in Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 5,566, an increase of 415 (+8.1%) from the 2010 census count of 5,151, which in turn reflected a decline of 41 (−0.8%) from the 5,192 counted in the 2000 census.

Somerdale was created on April 23, 1929, from portions of Clementon Township, one of seven municipalities created from the now-defunct township, and one of five new municipalities created on the same date: Hi-Nella, Lindenwold, Pine Hill and Pine Valley.

Cherry Hill, New Jersey
Cherry Hill is a township within Camden County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As a suburb of Philadelphia, the township is part of the South Jersey and Delaware Valley regions. Cherry Hill Township grew during the mid-20th century suburbanization, becoming one of the Delaware Valley's main commercial centers, including the Cherry Hill Mall. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 74,553.
Joy, Ohio
Joy is an unincorporated community in Morgan County, Ohio, United States. Sharps Fork Creek flows west of Joy.

The community is named for the Joy family, who were early settlers.  Joy had a post office, and was described in 1886 as "a hamlet of half a dozen houses".: 500   Joy is also known as "Winfred". The post office was discontinued in 1924.

Joy Cemetery is located north of the community.

Morgan County, Ohio
Morgan County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of 2023, the population was 13,646, making it the third-least populous county in Ohio. Its county seat is McConnelsville. The county was created in 1817 and later organized in 1819. It is named for Daniel Morgan, an officer in the American Revolutionary War.
Sabium
Sabium (sà-bu-um also Sabum; died c. 1831 BC) was an Amorite King in the First Dynasty of Babylon, the Amorite Dynasty. He ruled what was at the time a small recently created Amorite kingdom which included the town of Babylon. Sabium makes no claim of kingship of Babylon itself, suggesting that it had not yet grown into the major metropolis it would become under his descendant Hammurabi. His is known to have maintained control over the city of Sippar, conquered by Sumu-la-El. 14 year names of Sabium are
known including "Year the city wall of Kazallu was destroyed" and "Year the army of Larsa was smitten by weapons".

Ibal-pi-El I of Eshnunna is known to have concluded a treaty with Sin-Iddinam of Larsa and Sîn-kāšid of Uruk against Sabium and his ally Nerebtum.

A Neo-Babylonian text contains a literary chronicle of Sabium and Apil-Sin.

Sippar
Sippar (Sumerian: 𒌓𒄒𒉣𒆠, Zimbir) (also Sippir or Sippara) was an ancient Near Eastern Sumerian and later Babylonian city on the east bank of the Euphrates river. Its tell is located at the site of modern Tell Abu Habbah near Yusufiyah in Iraq's Baghdad Governorate, some 69 km (43 mi) north of Babylon and 30 km (19 mi) southwest of Baghdad. The city's ancient name, Sippar, could also refer to its sister city, Sippar-Amnanum (located at the modern site of Tell ed-Der); a more specific designation for the city here referred to as Sippar was Sippar-Yaḫrurum (Sippar-Jaḫrurum). The name comes from the Amorite Yaḫrurum tribe that lived in the area along with the Amorite Amnanum tribe. In Sippar was the site where the Babylonian Map of the World was found.
Krępina
Krępina [krɛmˈpina] (German: Krempine, 1936-1945: Neuacker) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Sława, within Wschowa County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland.

Before World War II, the village was part of Germany. The village was renamed Neuacker in 1936.

Gmina Sława
Gmina Sława is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Wschowa County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. Its seat is the town of Sława, which lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) north-west of Wschowa and 41 km (25 mi) east of Zielona Góra.

The gmina covers an area of 326.78 square kilometres (126.2 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 12,745.
Cincinnati Browns
The Cincinnati Browns were a professional baseball team in the National Colored Base Ball League, the first attempt at a professional Negro league in 1887. Although the league folded after just one week, the Browns continued to play for a time.

National Colored Base Ball League
The National Colored Base Ball League (NCBL), the National Colored League, or the League of Colored Baseball Clubs was the subsequent attempt, after the Southern League of Colored Base Ballists, to have a league consisting of all-black teams. It predated Rube Foster's Negro National League by over three decades.
Shifting Whispering Sands
"Shifting Whispering Sands" is a Western song and poem written by Vivian Clark Gilbert and his wife Mary Margaret Hadler. It has been widely recorded, and was one of the top songs in the U.S. in 1955 and again in 1962. Members of the Western Writers of America chose it as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time.

V. C. Gilbert
V. C. Gilbert (May 28, 1901 – May 3, 1984), also known as Jack Gilbert,  was an American songwriter best known for writing the popular songs "Shifting Whispering Sands" and "Chapel by the Sea", in collaboration with his wife, Mary Hadler. Both songs were written in the 1950s, and were recorded and played around the world.

He was born Vivian Clark Gilbert in Spearfish, South Dakota, moving to Portland, Oregon in 1924. He worked as a carpet layer and as a commercial fisherman on the Columbia River. He and his wife began writing songs in the late 1940s. "Sands" was based on one of his personal experiences, and "Chapel" was reminiscent of a time when the Gilberts lived on Sauvie Island, near Portland.
For You (Ricky Nelson song)
"For You" is a song written by Joe Burke and Al Dubin in 1930. It was introduced in the Mack Sennett short Billboard Girl (1932) when it was sung by Bing Crosby. The best known version was from musician Rick Nelson in 1964, when it peaked at #6 on the Billboard Hot 100 and at #66 on the year end.

Billboard Girl
Billboard Girl is a 1932 Educational-Mack Sennett Featurette (No. S2709) starring Bing Crosby and directed by Leslie Pearce. This was the fourth of the six short films Crosby made for Mack Sennett and which helped launch his career as a solo performer.
Eker
Eker (Arabic: العكر), sometimes spelled Ekar, is an area in Bahrain, located near the villages of Nuwaidrat, Ma'ameer and the island of Sitra.

It is divided into 2 regions: East Eker and West Eker, with Shias making up the majority of the former's population.

In 2012 a bombing targeted riot police in the area, injuring 7 policemen, 3 of them seriously.

2012 Eker bombing
The 2012 Eker bombing (Arabic: تفجير العكر) occurred on  10 April 2012 in the village of Eker, in the south of the Kingdom of Bahrain. According to Ministry of Interior, the explosion injured seven policemen, three of them severely. The Ministry blamed protesters for the attack saying policemen were "lured" to the village by petrol-bomb-throwing protesters before they detonated the bomb targeting the riot police. Public security chief, General Tariq al-Hassan said the exploding device was a "pipe bomb attached to a container full of gasoline"

On the other hand, Al Wefaq, Bahrain's main opposition party said the village was "entirely surrounded by security forces who are imposing collective punishment". They also stated that police had been firing "pellet guns" on residents who sent "calls for help".
Jabłońskie, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Jabłońskie [jaˈbwɔɲskʲɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gołdap, within Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Gmina Gołdap
Gmina Gołdap is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, on the border with Russia. Its seat is the town of Gołdap, which lies approximately 133 kilometres (83 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The gmina covers an area of 361.73 square kilometres (139.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 19,918 (out of which the population of Gołdap amounts to 13,641, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 6,277).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Puszcza Romincka Landscape Park.
Rhapsody in White
Rhapsody in White is the debut studio album by American soul group the Love Unlimited Orchestra, released in 1974. It was a huge success for the group, which backed and was led by Barry White for many singles such as "I'm Gonna Love You Just a Little More Baby". Also on the album is the 1973 single "Love's Theme", their signature song, which reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100.

The Love Unlimited Orchestra
The Love Unlimited Orchestra was a 40-piece string-laden orchestra formed by American singer Barry White, and serving as a backing unit for White and for female vocal trio Love Unlimited. From the early 1970s on, they also recorded several singles and albums under their own name.
Gwisil Boksin
Gwisil Boksin (鬼室福信, ? – 663) was a military general of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. He is remembered primarily as a leader of the Baekje Revival Movement to restore the kingdom after the capital fell in 660 to the Silla–Tang alliance.

Uija of Baekje
Uija (595?–660, r. 641–660) was the 31st and final ruler of Baekje, one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea.  His reign ended when Baekje was conquered by an alliance of the rival Korean kingdom Silla and China's Tang dynasty.
Geiger Counter (album)
Geiger Counter is the debut album of Liar, Flower, a musical project formed by English singer-songwriter KatieJane Garside and American guitarist Chris Whittingham, who have also released material as the duo Ruby Throat. Its title refers to a Geiger counter, an instrument used to detect ionizing radiation. The album was released in April 2020 by One Little Independent Records.

Recorded after Garside and Whittingham returned from an extensive sailing excursion, Geiger Counter was met with largely favorable critical reviews, and was named the "album of the week" by LA Weekly in May 2020. It was made available digitally as well as in vinyl LP and CD editions.

Ruby Throat
Ruby Throat is a British neofolk musical duo formed in 2007 by English vocalist KatieJane Garside and American guitarist Chris Whittingham. The duo were formed during the dissolution of Garside's former band, Queenadreena, and have recorded four studio albums. In 2020, Garside and Whittingham released music together under the name "Liar, Flower".
Moran people
The Moran are an ethnic group found in the northeast Indian states of Assam and Arunachal Pradesh. They are of Tibeto-Burman origin and belong to the Kachari family. They speak Assamese language, though they used to speak Moran language which was alive until the early 20th century and was closely related to the Dimasa language. They once shared the same allied customs with other Kachari groups, but after their conversion to Vaishnavism, the customs began to diminish, but still, those customs can be seen intermixed with Vaishnavism.

The Morans were initiated under the fold of Ekasarana Dharma in the tenure of Mayamara abbot Chaturbhujdeva.

Moran language
Moran (Morān) is an extinct Boro-Garo language which was spoken in Assam in Northeast India (mostly Tinsukia district) and related to Dimasa language. The census returned 78 speakers in 1901, 24 in 1911 and none in 1931, and the only source of this language exists in a 1904 article by P R Gurdon. The speakers of this language have shifted to the Assamese language. The name "Moran" reportedly  means 'forest dweller'.
Hubie McDonough
Hubert Boniface McDonough (born July 8, 1963) is an American professional ice hockey executive and former player. He played in the National Hockey League between 1988 and 1993 with the Los Angeles Kings, New York Islanders, and San Jose Sharks. He is a member of the New Hampshire Hockey Hall of Fame, joining his father  and brother.

Orlando Solar Bears (IHL)
The Orlando Solar Bears were a professional minor league ice hockey team based in Orlando, Florida. The Solar Bears played in the International Hockey League's Eastern Conference. They played their home games at the Orlando Arena.
Down in the Valley (album)
Down in the Valley is an Ireland-only compilation of songs by the Handsome Family. It was released 1999 by Independent Records. The subtitle of the compilation runs: "A treasury of their most willowy and haunted songs." The compilation contains tracks from Odessa (1994) (tracks 10 & 13), Milk and Scissors (1996) (tracks 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 14), and Through the Trees (1998) (tracks 2, 4, 6, 11, 12).

The Handsome Family
The Handsome Family is an American music duo consisting of husband and wife Brett and Rennie Sparks formed in Chicago, Illinois, and as of 2001 based in Albuquerque, New Mexico. They are perhaps best known for their song "Far from Any Road" from the album Singing Bones, which was used as the main title theme for the first season of the 2014 crime drama True Detective. The band's tenth album, Unseen, was released in 2016. The band's 11th studio album Hollow, was released on September 8, 2023.
Don Thompson Awards
The Compuserve Comics and Animation Forum's Don Thompson Awards (also known as the Thompsons) were given for achievement in comic books, comic strips, and animation. Initiated in 1992, they were originally known as the Compuserve Comics and Animation Forum Awards for the CompuServe forum that created and gave out the award. In 1994, after the death of long-time comics enthusiast and publisher Don Thompson, the awards were renamed in Thompson's honor. The final awards were presented in 1998.

Nominees were selected by Compuserve Comics Forum members, with write-in votes allowed; voting was open to Compuserve Comics Forum members. The awards were administered and presented annually at the Detroit-based multigenre convention Motor City Comic Con.

The Tale of One Bad Rat
The Tale of One Bad Rat is a 4-issue comic book limited series by Bryan Talbot. It was first published by Dark Horse Comics in 1994 and later brought out in a collected edition.

The story is about a victim of child abuse. It makes heavy reference to the works of Beatrix Potter.

One Bad Rat is the most mainstream of Talbot's works and is drawn in a simple, naturalistic style with painted colours. Unusually for Talbot (and the comics industry in general), all of the characters were drawn from life, and the locations from photographs of real places.
Agnes Scott College
Agnes Scott College is a private women's liberal arts college in Decatur, Georgia. The college enrolls approximately 1,000 undergraduate and graduate students. The college is affiliated with the Presbyterian Church and is considered one of the Seven Sisters of the South. It also offers co-educational graduate programs.

Colleges That Change Lives
Colleges That Change Lives began as a college educational guide first published by Loren Pope in 1996, that went through three editions prior to his death in 2008. The fourth and final edition, revised by Hilary Masell Oswald, was released in 2012.

The current non-profit, 501(c)(3), Colleges That Change Lives (CTCL) which was founded in 1998, is  based on Pope's books.
Marie-Élisabeth Joly
Marie-Élisabeth Joly (1761 – 1798), was a French stage actress.

She was engaged at the Comédie-Française in 1781. She became a Sociétaires of the Comédie-Française in 1783.

She had a successful career and was particularly noted for her roles as a soubrette. She was popular among the audience and her premature death from a chest infection aroused much public sympathy.

Sociétaires of the Comédie-Française
The sociétaires of the Comédie-Française are chosen from among the pensionnaires who have been in the company a year or more.

They are decided upon in the course of a general assembly of the company's administrative committee, made up of six existing sociétaires, the senior sociétaire, and the general administrator.  A pensionnaire is thus named a societaire by a decree of the Ministry of Culture, from names put forward by the general administrator of the Comédie-Française.  On becoming a sociétaire, an actor automatically becomes a member of the Société des Comédiens-Français and receives a share of the profits as well as receiving a number of shares in the société to which he or she is contractually linked.

After his or her retirement, a sociétaire can continue to act, becoming an honorary sociétaire.  The senior member of the Comédie-Française is not the oldest sociétaire, but the sociétaire who has been with the company longest (since their entering it as a pensionnaire).
Jaunpur Junction railway station
Jaunpur Junction (station code JNU), also known as Bhandariya railway station is a railway station in Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh, India.

The station is part of the Northern Railway zone's Lucknow NR Division and the Varanasi–Lucknow line via Jaunpur-Ayodhya.

It is also part of the Prayagraj-Jaunpur line and Aunrihar–Kerakat–Jaunpur line

Jaunpur – Shahganj – Ayodhya

Jaunpur – Sultanpur – Lucknow

Jaunpur – Janghai – Pratapgarh

Jaunpur – Varanasi

Jaunpur – Aunrihar – Ghazipur

Jaunpur – Shahganj – Azamgarh

Jaunpur – Janghai – Prayagraj

This station is an Adarsh category (NSG 3) in Northern Railway. This station is situated in northeast Jaunpur.

Nearby stations include Jaunpur City (JOP) and Zafarabad Junction (ZBD).

Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh
Jaunpur (Hindustani pronunciation: [dʒɔːnpʊr] ⓘ) is a city and a municipal board in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is located 228 km southeast of state capital Lucknow. Demographically, Jaunpur resembles the rest of the Purvanchal area in which it is located.
Through-the-lens metering
In photography, through-the-lens metering (TTL metering) refers to a feature of cameras whereby the intensity of light reflected from the scene is measured through the lens; as opposed to using a separate metering window or external hand-held light meter. In some cameras various TTL metering modes can be selected. This information can then be used to set the optimal film or image sensor exposure (average luminance), it can also be used to control the amount of light emitted by a flash unit connected to the camera.

Exposure (photography)
In photography, exposure is the amount of light per unit area reaching a frame of photographic film or the surface of an electronic image sensor. It is determined by exposure time, lens f-number, and scene luminance. Exposure is measured in units of lux-seconds (symbol lx⋅s), and can be computed from exposure value (EV) and scene luminance in a specified region.

An "exposure" is a single shutter cycle. For example, a long exposure refers to a single, long shutter cycle to gather enough dim light, whereas a multiple exposure involves a series of shutter cycles, effectively layering a series of photographs in one image. The accumulated photometric exposure (Hv) is the same so long as the total exposure time is the same.
Methodical culturalism
Methodical culturalism is a philosophical approach developed by Peter Janich and his pupils. Its core statement is that science is not developed from purely theoretical considerations, but as a development of everyday, proto-scientific human behavior—in other words, that science is a stylized form of everyday knowledge-forming practice.

Thus, from the viewpoint of methodical culturalism, science is understood as a continuation of the practical processes of the everyday world and must be analyzed from this aspect systematically and methodically.

Methodical culturalism is a development of the methodical constructivism of the Erlangen School of constructivism.

Protoscience
In the philosophy of science, protoscience (adj. protoscientific) is a research field that has the characteristics of an undeveloped science that may ultimately develop into an established science.  Philosophers use protoscience to understand the history of science and distinguish protoscience from science and pseudoscience.

The word "protoscience" is a hybrid Greek-Latin compound of the roots proto- + scientia, meaning a first or primeval rational knowledge.

Examples of protoscience include alchemy, Wegener's original theory of continental drift and political economy (the predecessor to the modern economic sciences).