hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Melkweg
Melkweg (Dutch for "Milky Way") is a music venue and cultural center on Lijnbaansgracht, near Leidseplein in Amsterdam, Netherlands. It is housed in a former dairy and includes four music halls as well as a cinema, a restaurant and an exhibition space. It is operated by a nonprofit organisation founded in 1970.

Lijnbaansgracht
Lijnbaansgracht (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈlɛimbaːnsˌxrɑxt]) is a partly filled-in canal in Amsterdam which bends beyond the boundary of the center, Amsterdam-Centrum. The canal runs parallel to the Singelgracht, between the Brouwersgracht and the Reguliersgracht.
Joel Sherman (sportswriter)
Joel Sherman is a sportswriter for the New York Post. He is also a baseball insider with MLB Network and co-hosts with Jon Heyman the baseball podcast The Show.

He was born and raised in Canarsie in Brooklyn, New York. He graduated from NYU in 1985.

Sherman worked for both the in-house Washington Square News and the UPI while at NYU.

Sherman joined the New York Post in 1989, and served as a beat writer writing about the New York Yankees from 1989 to 1995. In 2013, Sherman joined MLB Network as an insider. Sherman has been a voter for the National Baseball Hall of Fame since 1998.

Sherman is Jewish.

Washington Square News
Washington Square News (WSN) is the weekly student newspaper of New York University (NYU). It has a circulation of 10,000 and an estimated 55,000 online readers. It is published in print on Monday, in addition to online publication Tuesday through Friday during the fall and spring semesters, with additional issues published in the summer. It serves the NYU, Greenwich Village, and East Village communities in Manhattan, New York City.
The Provincials
The Provincials: A Personal History of Jews in the South is a 1973 non-fiction book by Eli N. Evans, published by Atheneum Books. It describes Jewish culture in the Southern United States. It was later re-published by University of North Carolina Press.

Steven Hertzberg of the University of Chicago stated that the book was aimed at the general public and not specifically for academics.

There was an updated edition in 2005 that has photographs of the author's family.

Eli N. Evans
Eli Nachamson Evans (July 28, 1936 – July 26, 2022) was an American author from North Carolina whose work encompassed explorations of the Jewish experience in the Southern United States. He "left his biggest mark as the author of three books exploring the culture and history of Jews in the American South", according to his August 2, 2022, New York Times obituary.
Phoenix Garden
51°30′53″N 0°7′43″W﻿ / ﻿51.51472°N 0.12861°W﻿ / 51.51472; -0.12861

The Phoenix Garden is a local community garden located behind the Phoenix Theatre, London in St Giles, London, England, in the London Borough of Camden. Established in 1984 by local volunteers, it is the last remaining Covent Garden Community Gardens. Built on a former car park and World War II bombsite, it is home to an urban wildlife population including the West End's only frog population. Phoenix Garden is open daily and is run by volunteers as a registered charity, funded through donations as well as grants.

London Borough of Camden
The London Borough of Camden (/ˈkæmdən/ ⓘ) is a borough in Inner London, England. Camden Town Hall, on Euston Road, lies 1.4 mi (2.3 km) north of Charing Cross. The borough was established on 1 April 1965 from the former metropolitan boroughs of Holborn,  St Pancras and Hampstead.

To the south it shares with the City of Westminster parts of the West End, where it also borders the City of London. The cultural and commercial land uses in the south contrast with the bustling mixed-use districts such as Camden Town and Kentish Town in the centre and leafy residential areas around Hampstead Heath in the north. Well known attractions include The British Museum, The British Library, the famous views from Parliament Hill, the London Zoo, the BT Tower, the converted Roundhouse entertainment venue, and Camden Market. As of 2021 it has a population of 210,136. Politically, its local authority is Camden London Borough Council.
Glasgow Caledonian University
Glasgow Caledonian University (abbreviated GCU; Scottish Gaelic: Oilthigh Chailleannach Ghlaschu), is a public university in Glasgow, Scotland. It was formed in 1993 by the merger of The Queen's College, Glasgow (founded in 1875) and Glasgow Polytechnic (originally Glasgow College of Technology (GCT), founded in 1971).

It is located in the Cowcaddens district, just to the immediate north of the city centre, and is Glasgow's third university, after the University of Glasgow and the University of Strathclyde.

Glasgow city centre
Glasgow city centre is the central business district of Glasgow, Scotland. It is bordered by the Saltmarket, High Street and Castle Street to the east, the River Clyde to the south, and the M8 motorway to the west and north.  It is made up of the areas of Cowcaddens, Blythswood Hill, and Merchant City, though parts of Garnethill, Townhead, and Anderston also fall within its boundaries.
Pärnu Beach
Pärnu Beach (Estonian: Pärnu rand) is a beach of Pärnu Bay, administratively in Pärnu, Estonia. In a sunny summer day, tens of thousand sunbathers and swimmers visit the beach.

The beach area includes swings, surfing equipment rental and a mini golf area. A number of hotels are located by the beach, such as Pärnu Rannahotell, Pärnu Mud Baths and Tervise Paradiis. The beach promenade was renovated in 2021.

Set in 2010, the record water temperature at Pärnu Beach is 33 °C.

Sunset in Pärnu beach

Beach football arena at the Pärnu beach

Pärnu beach promenade

Rannahotell Pärnu
Rannahotell Pärnu (Estonian: Pärnu rannahotell) is a hotel in Pärnu, Estonia. The hotel is next to Pärnu Beach and Pärnu Bay.

The hotel was built in 1937. The hotel was designed by Olev Siinmaa. Architecturally, the building is characterized by Scandinavian style.
STS-3
STS-3  was NASA's third Space Shuttle mission and the third mission for the Space Shuttle Columbia. It launched on March 22, 1982 and landed eight days later on March 30, 1982. The mission, crewed by Jack R. Lousma and C. Gordon Fullerton, involved extensive orbital endurance testing of Columbia itself, as well as numerous scientific experiments. STS-3 was the first shuttle launch with an unpainted external tank and the only mission to land at the White Sands Space Harbor near Alamogordo, New Mexico. The orbiter was forced to land at White Sands due to flooding at its originally planned landing site, Edwards Air Force Base.

C. Gordon Fullerton
Charles Gordon Fullerton (October 11, 1936 – August 21, 2013) was a United States Air Force colonel, a USAF and NASA astronaut, and a research pilot at NASA's Dryden Flight Research Facility, Edwards, California. His assignments included a variety of flight research and support activities piloting NASA's B-52 launch aircraft, the Boeing 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (SCA), and other multi-engine and high performance aircraft.

Fullerton logged more than 380 hours in space flight, and was a NASA astronaut from September 1969 until November 1986 when he joined the research pilot office at Dryden. In July 1988, he completed a 30-year career with the U.S. Air Force and retired as a colonel. He continued in his position of NASA research pilot as a civilian. Fullerton, his wife, and their two children lived in Lancaster, California.
Striped leaf-nosed bat
The striped leaf-nosed bat (Macronycteris vittata) is a species of bat native to eastern and southern Africa. It was formerly considered part of M. commersoni, which is now viewed as being restricted to Madagascar. Both commersoni and it were formerly placed in the genus Hipposideros, but moved to the resurrected Macronycteris in 2017 on the basis of molecular evidence.

Commerson's roundleaf bat
Commerson's roundleaf bat (Macronycteris commersoni), also known as Commerson's leaf-nosed bat, is a species of bat endemic to Madagascar. It is named after French naturalist Philibert Commerson (1727-1773). Bat populations of Africa or São Tomé and Príncipe formerly considered part of this species are now classified separately as M. gigas, M. thomensis or M. vittata,  while one from Madagascar was split off to become M. cryptovalorona. It was formerly placed in the genus Hipposideros, but moved to the resurrected Macronycteris in 2017 on the basis of molecular evidence.
Time Gate: Knight's Chase
Time Gate: Knight's Chase (French: Time Gate: Le Secret du Templier), or simply Knight's Chase, is a puzzle-solving video game by Infogrames Multimedia released in 1995 for MS-DOS and Windows, the latter being a SVGA version released exclusively in North America. It was also released for Classic Mac OS in 1997.

The gameplay is similar to the Alone in the Dark series of games. The game uses a modified engine of the first three Alone in the Dark games, with Gouraud-shaded, rather than flat shaded, polygons.

Knight's Chase was the first game in a planned trilogy of Time Gate video games.

Alone in the Dark
Alone in the Dark is a survival horror video game series originally developed by Infogrames. In most of the games, the player controls private investigator Edward Carnby, who goes to investigate a haunted house or town that is full of undead creatures.

The series, particularly for its debut game, is widely acknowledged as an early instance of survival horror video games and (along with Sweet Home) is often credited with the creation of the genre. The original story was based on the writings of H. P. Lovecraft; later games in the series drew inspiration from other sources including voodoo, the Wild West, and the works of H. R. Giger. Seven installments of the series have been created, with various themes and locations. Two comic books and two films were created based upon the games.

In September 2018, Atari SA sold the Alone in the Dark franchise to THQ Nordic.

As of 2007, over 6 million units have been sold.
Perceiving God
Perceiving God: The Epistemology of Religious Experience is a 1991 book about the philosophy of religion by the philosopher William Alston, in which the author discusses experiential awareness of God. The book was first published in the United States by Cornell University Press. The book received positive reviews and has been described as an important, well-argued, and seminal work. However, Alston was criticized for his treatment of the conflict between the competing claims made by different religions.

William Alston
William Payne Alston (November 29, 1921 – September 13, 2009) was an American philosopher. He is widely considered to be one of the most important epistemologists and philosophers of religion of the twentieth century, and is also known for his work in metaphysics and the philosophy of language. His views on foundationalism, internalism and externalism, speech acts, and the epistemic value of mystical experience, among many other topics, have been very influential. He earned his PhD from the University of Chicago and taught at the University of Michigan, Rutgers University, University of Illinois, and Syracuse University.
Victoria Boys' School (Kurseong)
Victoria Boys' School is a Heritage Government run English medium boys boarding school offering I.C.S.E. (Delhi Council) in the hill town of Kurseong, Darjeeling, India founded in 1879.

It is among the oldest schools in India.

Kurseong
Kurseong (Nepali pronunciation: [ˈkʰʌrsaŋ], Bengali pronunciation: [ˈkaɾʃi̯aŋ]) is a town and a municipality in Darjeeling district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the headquarters of the Kurseong subdivision.

Located at an altitude of 1,482.55 metres (4,864.0 ft), Kurseong is 32 kilometres (20 mi) from Darjeeling and has a pleasant climate throughout the year.

Kurseong is 34 kilometres (21 mi) from Siliguri and is connected to the city by road and the Darjeeling Himalayan Railway. The nearest airport is at Bagdogra and the nearest major railway station is New Jalpaiguri, which is about 45 kilometres (28 mi) from the town. The economy is based primarily on education and tourism.
John Danesh
John Danesh is a Professor of Epidemiology and Medicine and the head of the Department of Public Health and Primary Care at the University of Cambridge. He also holds several other leadership roles in scientific organizations, including director of the department's affiliate Strangeways Research Laboratory and founder and director of the Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit. He is also an associate faculty member at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute and an honorary consultant at the Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust. He became a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians in 2007 and of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 2015.

Professor Danesh has been the British Heart Foundation Professor of Medicine and Epidemiology since 2012. In 2013 he won the Senior Investigator award from the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR).

Strangeways Research Laboratory
Strangeways Research Laboratory is a research institution in Cambridge, United Kingdom. It was founded by Thomas Strangeways in 1905 as the Cambridge Research Hospital and acquired its current name in 1928. Organised as an independent charity, it was historically funded primarily by the Medical Research Council and is currently managed by the University of Cambridge, also its sole trustee. Formerly a site of research on rheumatic arthritis and connective tissue disorders, it has since 1997 focused on the study of genetic epidemiology.
Southern Vectis
Southern Vectis is a bus operator on the Isle of Wight, founded in 1921 as Dodson and Campbell. It became the Vectis Bus Company in 1923. The company was purchased by Southern Railway before being nationalised in 1969. In 1987, the company was re-privatised, and in July 2005, it became a subsidiary of Go-Ahead Group.

Shanklin
Shanklin (/ˈʃæŋklɪn/) is a seaside resort town and civil parish on the Isle of Wight, England, located on Sandown Bay. Shanklin is the southernmost of three settlements which occupy the bay, and is close to Lake and Sandown. The sandy beach, its Old Village and a wooded ravine, Shanklin Chine, are its main attractions. The esplanade along the beach is occupied by hotels and restaurants for the most part, and is one of the most tourist-oriented parts of the town. The other is the Old Village, at the top of Shanklin Chine.
Together with Lake and Sandown to the north, Shanklin forms a built up area of around 25,000 inhabitants, Shanklin alone contributing around 9,123 of this.
Ronan Maher (hurler)
Ronan Maher (born 9 October 1995)  is an Irish hurler who plays for Tipperary Senior Championship club Thurles Sarsfields and at inter-county level with the Tipperary senior hurling team. He usually lines out as a centre-back.

Tipperary county hurling team
The Tipperary county hurling team represents Tipperary in hurling and is governed by Tipperary GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Munster Senior Hurling Championship and the National Hurling League.

Tipperary's home ground is Semple Stadium, Thurles. The team's manager is Liam Cahill.

The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 2016, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 2025 and the National League in 2008.
No Bail for the Judge
No Bail for the Judge is 1952 comedy crime novel by the British writer Henry Cecil. It was published in America by Harper Publications. It was the second novel of Cecil, himself a judge, and along with Brothers in Law is one of his best known.

Alfred Hitchcock planned to make a film out of the novel, starring Audrey Hepburn, in 1959. Filming was cancelled when Hepburn became pregnant. It has been described as "one of the most fascinating of Hitchcock's unrealized projects".

Henry Cecil Leon
Henry Cecil Leon, MC (19 September 1902 – 23 May 1976), who wrote under the pen-names Henry Cecil and  Clifford Maxwell, was British barrister, judge, and a writer of fiction about the British legal system.
ID.me
ID.me, Inc. is an American online identity network company that allows people to provide proof of their legal identity online. ID.me digital credentials can be used to access government services, healthcare portals, or discounts from retailers. The company is based in McLean, Virginia, with offices in Mountain View, California and New York City.

In the wake of the economic downturn caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, ID.me was contracted by several state unemployment agencies in the United States to verify the identities of claimants. The Internal Revenue Service in the United States also uses ID.me as its only online option in accessing its online taxpayer tools.

National Strategy for Trusted Identities in Cyberspace
The National Strategy for Trusted Identities in Cyberspace (NSTIC) is a US government initiative announced in April 2011 to improve the privacy, security and convenience of sensitive online transactions through collaborative efforts with the private sector, advocacy groups, government agencies, and other organizations.

The strategy imagined an online environment where individuals and organizations can trust each other because they identify and authenticate their digital identities and the digital identities of organizations and devices. It was promoted to offer, but not mandate, stronger identification and authentication while protecting privacy by limiting the amount of information that individuals must disclose.
2007 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon
The 2007 Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts. It was the 21st edition of the Grand Prix de Tennis de Lyon, and was part of the International Series of the 2007 ATP Tour. It took place at the Palais des Sports de Gerland in Lyon, France, from 22 October through 28 October 2007.

The singles field featured ATP No. 5, Australian Open semifinalist, Queen's Club and Washington champion, 2005 Lyon winner Andy Roddick, Sopot and Metz titlist Tommy Robredo, and Australian Open semifinalist and Memphis winner Tommy Haas. Other seeded players were Wimbledon semifinalist, Mumbai titlist Richard Gasquet, Doha and 's-Hertogenbosch Ivan Ljubičić, Juan Mónaco, Nicolás Almagro and Gilles Simon.

Tommy Robredo
Tomás Robredo Garcés (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtomi roˈβɾeðo ɣaɾˈθes], Catalan: [ɡəɾˈses]; born 1 May 1982) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. His career-high singles ranking was world No. 5, which he reached in August 2006 as a result of winning the Hamburg Masters earlier in the year. Robredo reached the quarterfinals at seven singles major tournaments. He was also a three-time semifinalist at the US Open men's doubles tournament, and a semifinalist at the Australian Open in mixed doubles.

Robredo turned professional in 1998 and was coached by José Manuel "Pepo" Clavet and then by Karim Perona. Robredo considered his forehand to be his best shot, and red clay his favorite surface. He remains the only player in Open Era history to mount three consecutive comebacks from two sets down, a feat achieved en route to the quarterfinals of the 2013 French Open. He has one of the highest percentages of five-set matches won with 77.3 per cent (17–5 win–loss record).
Scotland Food & Drink
Scotland Food & Drink is the industry leadership trade association established in 2007. It aims to collaboratively grow the value of the industry to £30 billion by 2030 and to reinforce the reputation of Scotland as a Land of Food and Drink.

In addition to its private sources of income it receives financial support from the Scottish Government.

Every year Scotland Food & Drink helps organise the Scottish Food and Drink Fortnight.

Scottish Food and Drink Fortnight
The Scottish Food and Drink Fortnight is a nationwide festival in Scotland, designed to celebrate all aspects of Scottish food and drink, including its variety, producers and history. The event takes place at the start of September and is organised by Scotland Food & Drink and VisitScotland.
Sắc Tứ Tam Bảo Temple
Sắc Tứ Tam Bảo Temple is an historic Buddhist temple in Rạch Giá, a town in Kiên Giang Province in the Mekong Delta region of southern Vietnam. It is one of two famous temples of the same name in Kiên Giang, the other being in Hà Tiên.

Rạch Giá
Rạch Giá (listenⓘ) is a provincial city and the former capital of Kiên Giang province, Vietnam. It is located on the Eastern coast of the Gulf of Thailand, 250 kilometres (160 mi) southwest of Ho Chi Minh City. East of city, it borders Tân Hiệp and Châu Thành town, the Gulf of Thailand is to the West and surrounds some parts of the city, south of the city is Châu Thành and An Biên town, and to the North it borders Hòn Đất and Tân Hiệp.

On 1 July 2025, Rạch Giá ceased to exist as a municipal city following the elimination of district level units in Vietnam.
Gwernyfed
Gwernyfed is a community in Powys, Wales, centred on the village of Three Cocks (Welsh: Aberllynfi). It takes its name from Gwernyfed Park, a medieval deer park within the community.

The community of Gwernyfed was established in 1985 through the merger of the former Aberllynfi community, the greater part of the former Tre-goed & Felindre community, and small parts of the Bronllys and former Llanelieu communities. It includes the villages of Three Cocks and Felindre, the Brecknockshire half of the village of Glasbury, and the rural settlements of Tre-goed (Tregoyd) and Pont Ithel. The population in 2011 was 1049, represented by 10 councillors in a single ward.

Llanelieu
Llanelieu (English Llaneleu) is a small settlement and former civil parish (community) in Powys, Wales on the northern edge of the Black Mountains within the Brecon Beacons National Park. It lies within the historic bounds of Brecknockshire. The settlement is now part of the community of Talgarth. The nearest town is Talgarth some 2.5 miles (4.0 km) to the west.
Flanking tower
A flanking tower is a fortified tower that is sited on the outside of a defensive wall or other fortified structure and thus forms a flank. From the defensive platform and embrasures the section of wall between them (the curtain wall) could be swept from the side by ranged weapons. In High and Late Medieval castles and town walls, flanking towers often had a semi-circular floor plan or a combination of a rectangular inner and semi-circular outer plans. There were also circular and rectangular towers. Corner flanking towers are found, for example, in the fortifications of the Alhambra and at the manor house of Hugenpoet Palace; Wellheim Castle has a square flanking tower. Semi-circular flanking towers were common in Sasanian architecture.

In church architecture, a flanking tower is a semi-circular or polygonal (for example, octagonal) tower on the outer wall of the church. The church of Great St. Martin Church in Cologne has several flanking towers.

Wellheim Castle
Wellheim Castle (German: Burg Wellheim) is a former fortification in Upper Bavaria (county of Eichstätt). The ruins of the old rock castle stand dominantly on Jurassic rocks above the market town of Wellheim in the ancient Danube valley (the Wellheim dry valley). It was abandoned in the 18th century and partially demolished.
Paris Springs Junction, Missouri
Paris Springs Junction is a small unincorporated community in Lawrence County, Missouri, United States. It lies along former U.S. Route 66 (now a county road west of the junction of Route 266 and Route 96), four miles (6 km) west of Halltown. Paris Springs Junction started as a few businesses on Route 66 and, with the decommissioning of that highway, has now become only homes. It was so named because of a former town named Paris Springs to the north. That town was founded in 1855 and survived until the time of Route 66's decommissioning.

Missouri Route 266
Route 266 is a section of former U.S. Route 66 (US 66) with termini between Interstate 44 (I-44) at Springfield and Route 96 west of Halltown.  The road runs as a two-lane highway its entire length of 16 miles (26 km) and is marked as Historic Route 66.