hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cloud drop effective radius
The cloud drop effective radius (alternatively cloud effective radius or simply effective radius when in context) is a weighted mean of the size distribution of cloud droplets. The term was defined in 1974 by James E. Hansen and Larry Travis as the ratio of the third to the second moment of a droplet size distribution to aid in the inversion of remotely sensed data. Physically, it is an area weighted radius of the cloud drop particles.
Mathematically, this can be expressed as

The global effective particle radius has different values for water and ice clouds: the former is around 14 μm, whereas for ice it is around 25 μm. Studies also indicate that the effective cloud droplet radius is larger over oceans than over land by 15%–20%. By contrast, the difference in the ice particle size over land and oceans is much smaller (only 5%).

James Hansen
James Edward Hansen (born March 29, 1941) is an American climatologist. He is an adjunct professor directing the Program on Climate Science, Awareness and Solutions of the Earth Institute at Columbia University. He is best known for his research in climatology, his 1988 Congressional testimony on climate change that helped raise broad awareness of global warming, and his advocacy of action to avoid dangerous climate change. In recent years, he has become a climate activist to mitigate the effects of global warming, on a few occasions leading to his arrest.

In 2000, Hansen had proposed an alternative scenario for combating the threat of global warming by focusing on reducing non-CO2 greenhouse gases (GHGs). His estimates of global climate had found that non-CO2 GHGs (such as methane) caused more observed global warming than carbon dioxide. However, he pointed out that CO2 would become the dominant climate forcing, if global emissions continued to rise.
Betty Bryant
Elizabeth Bryant Silverstein (née Bryant; 27 June 1920 – 3 October 2005), better known as Betty Bryant, was a British-born Australian actress known for playing the lead character in Forty Thousand Horsemen.

Counterpart International
Counterpart International is a non-profit organization based in Washington, D.C. Counterpart partners with local organizations to build inclusive, sustainable communities in which people thrive. Since its founding in 1965, Counterpart has established programs and activities in more than 65 countries on six continents.
Katharina Sellheim
Katharina Sellheim is a German classical pianist, with a focus on chamber music and lied accompaniment. She has appeared in recitals internationally, collaborating with members of the Münchner Philharmoniker, and has been a lecturer at the Musikhochschule Hannover.

Konstantin Sellheim
Konstantin Sellheim (born 1978) is a German classical violist, who has appeared internationally with a focus on chamber music. He is a violist of the Münchner Philharmoniker, and lecturer of viola at the Universität der Künste Berlin.
Pat Smith (wrestler)
Pat Smith (born September 21, 1970) is a former folkstyle and freestyle wrestler. He competed collegiately at Oklahoma State University (OSU) and later served as an assistant coach at OSU. During his collegiate wrestling career, Smith became the first four-time NCAA Division I champion in the sport's history. Smith was inducted into the National Wrestling Hall of Fame as a Distinguished Member in 2006.

Oklahoma State Cowboys wrestling
The Oklahoma State Cowboys wrestling team is the most successful NCAA Division I athletic program of all time in any sport. As of 2024–25, Oklahoma State wrestling has won 34 team NCAA national championships, 145 individual NCAA national championships, and 494 All-American honors. The Cowboys have also won 56 conference titles, coming in the Southwest, Missouri Valley, Big Eight and Big 12 conferences. The all-time dual record for the program is 1185–140–23.
Cermenate
Cermenate (Brianzöö: Cermenaa [tʃermeˈnaː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Milan and about 13 kilometres (8 mi) south of Como.

Cermenate borders the following municipalities: Bregnano, Cantù, Carimate, Lazzate, Lentate sul Seveso, Vertemate con Minoprio.

Cermenate is served by Cantù-Cermenate railway station.

Among the churches are San Vito e Modesto.

Lentate sul Seveso
Lentate sul Seveso is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Monza and Brianza in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Milan.

Lentate sul Seveso borders the following municipalities: Mariano Comense, Carimate, Cermenate, Novedrate, Cabiate, Meda, Lazzate, Misinto, Barlassina, Cogliate. Sights include the Oratories of Mocchirolo and Santo Stefano, as well as the Villa Valdettaro. The Oratory of Santo Stefano contains a cycle of 14th century frescoes.

Lentate is served by the Camnago-Lentate railway station.
Movin' Up (song)
"Movin' Up" is the debut single from Swedish Eurodance band Dreamworld. It was released in 1995 in Europe and Australia, where it peaked  at number 12 on the ARIA Singles Chart. It charted on the Billboard Dance/Club Play chart for seven weeks, peaking at number 30 in March 1996. It is the best known single from the band and their only international hit. It was re-released in 1997 shortly before the band split up.

In 1996, the song was adapted in Spanish by Mexican singer Paulina Rubio as "Despiértate" and included on her fourth studio album, Planeta Paulina.

The song was covered by Dannii Minogue and released on her 1997 album, Girl.

Dreamworld (band)
Dreamworld were a Swedish Eurodance group consisting of Bella Morel, Fredrik Lenander and Lars Erlandsson. The band were based in Malmö. The voice of Dreamworld was the female vocalist Bella Morel. She was also involved in writing lyrics.  All their CDs were released under the label RAIR (Air Chrysalis).
Fine of lands
A fine of lands, also called a final concord, or simply a fine, was a species of property conveyance which existed in England (and later in Wales) from at least the 12th century until its abolition by the Fines and Recoveries Act 1833.

Fines and Recoveries Act 1833
The Fines and Recoveries Act 1833 (3 & 4 Will. 4. c. 74) was an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. It abolished the two species of property conveyance known as fines of lands (or final concords) and common recoveries.
Shrooms (film)
Shrooms is a 2007 psychological horror film written by Pearse Elliot and directed by Paddy Breathnach. The film stars Lindsey Haun, Jack Huston, and Max Kasch. Its plot follows a group of American students and their English guide who are stalked by a serial killer while out in the woods looking for psilocybin mushrooms.

Jack Huston
Jack Alexander Huston (born 7 December 1982) is an English actor and director. He is best known for his role as Richard Harrow in the HBO television drama series Boardwalk Empire. He also had a supporting role in the 2013 film American Hustle, portrayed the eponymous Ben-Hur in the 2016 historical drama, and appeared as one of the main characters in the fourth season of the FX anthology series Fargo (2020). In 2023, he starred in the supernatural television series Mayfair Witches.
Bridget Armstrong
Bridget Armstrong (born 1937, Dunedin) is a New Zealand actress. She was educated at St Patrick's Dominican College, Teschemakers, Oamaru. She appeared on stage, film and TV several times, including The Lost Tribe (The Goodies); as Nurse Rosemary Layton, in the Edgar Wallace Mysteries ' episode, We Shall See; and, as Anna Bosworth, and Janet Davis, respectively, in The Scales of Justice episodes, 'The Undesirable Neighbour' and 'Infamous Conduct'. She also played Dian De Momerie in the BBC adaptation of Murder Must Advertise, by Dorothy L. Sayers.

She was married to New Zealand writer Maurice Shadbolt from 1978 until his death in 2004.
Supporting role in 1976 film The Incredible Sarah, a biography of stage actress Sarah Bernhardt directed by Richard Fleischer, shot by Christopher Challis, and starring Glenda Jackson and Daniel Massey.

The Incredible Sarah
The Incredible Sarah is a 1976 British historical biographical drama film directed by Richard Fleischer and starring Glenda Jackson and Daniel Massey. It was written by Ruth Wolff and presents a dramatization of the acting career of Sarah Bernhardt.
Gunnin'
"Gunnin'" is song by Canadian pop punk band Hedley. It was released on September 19, 2006, as the fifth single from their self-titled debut studio album. The song was also included on the American version of Never Too Late, released via Capitol Records. The song was written by the members of the band and by Dave Genn. The single also topped Canada's MuchMusic Countdown in 2006.

Hedley (band)
Hedley was a Canadian pop rock formed in Abbotsford, British Columbia in 2003. They were named after the unincorporated community of Hedley, British Columbia, a name chosen after members heard that it was for sale for $346,000. After lead singer Jacob Hoggard placed third on the second season of Canadian Idol in 2004, the group signed with Universal Music Canada and released their self-titled debut studio album the following year. Hedley had commercial success with their subsequent studio albums, including Famous Last Words (2007), The Show Must Go (2009), Storms (2011), Wild Life (2013),  Hello (2015), and Cageless (2017).

Following the release of Cageless and its accompanying tour, members of Hedley faced accusations of sexual misconduct with young women over the course of their career. After Hoggard faced additional accusations of sexual assault by two women, the group confirmed they would enter an indefinite hiatus.
The Railway Children Return
The Railway Children Return, known as Railway Children in the US, is a 2022 family drama film directed by Morgan Matthews and written by Danny Brocklehurst. It is a sequel to the 1970 film The Railway Children, itself based on the E. Nesbit novel of the same name. The film stars Jenny Agutter, Sheridan Smith, Tom Courtenay and John Bradley. It was released in the United Kingdom on 15 July 2022 by StudioCanal.

Danny Brocklehurst
Danny Brocklehurst (born June 1971) is an English screenwriter, playwright, and former journalist. He has won both BAFTA and Royal Television Society writing awards. He was featured in the writers' section of Broadcast magazine's Hot 100 in 2007. His 2024 Netflix drama Fool Me Once is the sixth most successful Netflix show of all time.
In November 2024, The Hollywood Reporter named him as one of their "'top 50 most powerful producers".

In 2024, Brocklehurst was included in the Radio Times 100 list of the most powerful people in British television.
Swedish royal family
The Swedish royal family  since 1818 has consisted of members of the Swedish Royal House of Bernadotte (Swedish: Kungahuset), closely related to the King of Sweden. Today those members who are recognized by the king are entitled to royal titles and styles (manner of address), and perform official engagements and ceremonial duties of state. The extended family of the King (Swedish: Kungafamiljen) consists of other close relatives who are not royal and thus do not represent the country officially.

House of Bernadotte
The House of Bernadotte is the royal family of Sweden, founded there in 1818 by King Charles XIV John. It was also the royal family of Norway between 1818 and 1905. Its founder was born in Pau in southern France as Jean Bernadotte. Bernadotte, who had been made a General of Division and Minister of War for his service in the French Army during the French Revolution, and Marshal of the French Empire and Prince of Pontecorvo under Napoleon, was adopted by the elderly king of Sweden Charles XIII, who had no other heir and whose Holstein-Gottorp branch of the House of Oldenburg thus was soon to be extinct on the Swedish throne. The current king of Sweden, Carl XVI Gustaf, is a direct descendant of Charles XIV John.
Glasgow Rowing Club
Glasgow Rowing Club is a rowing club, based in the Gorbals area of Glasgow, Scotland. It is a private club, with no direct public funding. Application for membership is open to all. The club is affiliated to Scottish Rowing.

Scottish Rowing
Scottish Rowing  (SR), formerly the Scottish Amateur Rowing Association, is the governing body for the sport of rowing in Scotland.  It is responsible for promoting the sport in Scotland and also for selecting crews to send to the Home International Regatta and the Commonwealth Rowing Championships. In addition, Scottish Rowing also runs three of the major regattas of the year, Strathclyde Park Regatta, the Scottish Rowing Championships and the Scottish Indoor Rowing Championships.
Henrique Vieira
Henrique dos Santos Vieira Lima (born 15 April 1987) is a Brazilian pastor and politician serving as a member of the Chamber of Deputies since 2023. From 2013 to 2016, he was a municipal councillor of Niterói. In 2019, he appeared in Marighella. He was a candidate for president of the Chamber of Deputies in the 2025 election.

Marighella (film)
Marighella is a 2019 Brazilian biographical political thriller film directed by Wagner Moura, based on the life of Carlos Marighella, a Brazilian politician, writer, and Marxist–Leninist guerrilla fighter accused of engaging in terrorist acts against the Brazilian military dictatorship. The film was adapted from the biography Marighella - O Guerrilheiro que Incendiou o Mundo (Marighella - The Guerrilla Who Lit the World on Fire), by Mário Magalhães. It is Moura's directorial debut.

Seu Jorge plays Carlos Marighella. The film also features Adriana Esteves, Bruno Gagliasso and Humberto Carrão.
Moczydlnica Klasztorna
Moczydlnica Klasztorna [mɔt͡ʂɨdlˈnit͡sa klaʂˈtɔrna] (de:Mönchmotschelnitz) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wińsko, within Wołów County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

Gmina Wińsko
Gmina Wińsko is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Wołów County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Wińsko, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) north of Wołów, and 48 kilometres (30 mi) north-west of the regional capital Wrocław.

The gmina covers an area of 249.54 square kilometres (96.3 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population was 8,316.
Hande Baladın
Hande Baladın (born 1 September 1997) is a Turkish professional volleyball player of Fenerbahçe. She started playing volleyball as middle blocker in the youth and junior teams of Eczacıbaşı Dynavit in Istanbul. Since 2014, she plays as opposite spiker. Baladın is a member of the women's national volleyball team, and wears number 7.

Turkey women's national volleyball team
The Turkey women's national volleyball team (Turkish: Türkiye Kadın Voleybol Milli Takımı) is formed by the Turkish Volleyball Federation (TVF) and represents Turkey in international CEV and FIVB organizations.

The team is the most successful national sports team in the country and has been nicknamed "Filenin Sultanları" (English: Sultans of the Net) since the 2003 Women's European Volleyball Championship hosted in Ankara, Turkey. As of 8 September 2025, the team is ranked third in the FIVB World Rankings. Daniele Santarelli is the head coach of the team.
Pioneer Days (1930 film)
Pioneer Days is a Mickey Mouse short animated film first released on November 20, 1930, as part of the Mickey Mouse film series. It was the twenty-fourth Mickey Mouse short to be produced, the ninth of that year.

The short features Mickey Mouse and Minnie Mouse; Horace Horsecollar and Clarabelle Cow can also be seen in background scenes.

Due to being published in 1930, the cartoon entered the public domain on January 1, 2026.

Clarabelle Cow
Clarabelle Cow is a cartoon character created by The Walt Disney Company. As a domestic anthropomorphic cow, Clarabelle is one of Minnie Mouse's best friends. She was once depicted as the girlfriend of Horace Horsecollar, although now she is often paired with Goofy.
Khanty-Mansiysk Airport
Khanty-Mansiysk Airport (IATA: HMA, ICAO: USHH), also listed as Khantymansiysk Airport, is an airport in Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Russia located 5 km northeast of Khanty-Mansiysk. It services medium-size airliners.

Utair's head office is located at the airport.

Khanty-Mansiysk
Khanty-Mansiysk (Russian: Ха́нты-Манси́йск; Khanty: Ёмвоҷ, Jomvoćś; Mansi: Абга, Abga) is a city in west-central Siberia in Russia. Technically, it is situated on the eastern bank of the Irtysh River, 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) from its confluence with the Ob, in the oil-rich region of Western Siberia. Though it is an independent city, Khanty-Mansiysk also functions as the administrative centre of Khanty-Mansiysky District, and the administrative center of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra.

With 101,466 estimated inhabitants, Khanty-Mansiysk is among Russia's few regional capitals that are not the largest cities in their surrounding area, as it is surpassed in population by Surgut, Nizhnevartovsk and Nefteyugansk.
COVID-19 pandemic in Afghanistan
The COVID-19 pandemic in Afghanistan was part of the worldwide pandemic of COVID-19, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus was confirmed to have spread to Afghanistan when its index case, in Herat, was confirmed on 24 February 2020.

As of 24 January 2026, there have been 235,214 confirmed positive cases and 7,998 deaths. As of 13 September 2021, there have been 118,180 recoveries. Kabul Province has had the highest number of COVID-19 cases in Afghanistan, at 18,896, followed by Herat with 9,343 cases, and Balkh with 3,431. However, on 5 August 2020, an official survey from the Ministry of Public Health reported that approximately a third of the country's population, or roughly 10 million people had contracted COVID-19.

Darul Aman Palace
Darul Aman Palace (Pashto: د دارالامان ماڼۍ; Dari: قصر دارالامان; 'Abode of Peace' or, in a double meaning, 'Abode of Aman[ullah]') is a three-story palace located in Darulaman locality, about 16 km (9.9 miles) south-west of the center of Kabul, Afghanistan. Surrounding the palace are the following buildings: the National Assembly, the National Museum of Afghanistan and the Afghan International University.

The 150-room Darul Aman Palace was originally built in the 1920s, during the reign of Amanullah Khan. He reigned as Emir of Afghanistan between February 1919 and June 1926, and as King of Afghanistan between June 1926 and January 1929. The palace was severely damaged during the 1990s civil war. However, between 2016 and 2020, the palace was renovated and restored to its former glory. Most work was completed for the 100th anniversary of Afghan independence, which was on 19 August 2019. The site is open to the public and tourists.
Daan Kagchelland
Danièl "Daan" Marinus Johannes Kagchelland (25 March 1914 Rotterdam – 24 December 1998, The Hague) was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his country at the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, Germany. There Kagchelland won the gold medal in the O-Jolle.

O-Jolle
The O-Jolle – (Olympiajolle) – was created as the Monotype class for the 1936 Olympic Games by designer Hellmut Wilhelm E. Stauch (GER, later RSA). The boat is a Bermuda rig and the hull was originally carvel - later GRP and cold moulded plywood construction were allowed. The O-Jolle has very good sailing capabilities and can cater for a wide spectrum of sailors from young to old and from light to heavyweight.

In 1936 Daan Kagchelland took the Gold medal in the Olympic regatta in Kiel.

The O-Jolle is still one of the largest dinghy classes in Germany and the Netherlands - the International Olympiajollen Union has over 500 members. The O-Jolle is still raced in Germany, the Netherlands, Austria, Italy and Switzerland. There are also minor fleets in Poland, Brazil, Serbia and other countries.

Since 2008 the O-Jolle has been one of the Vintage Yachting Classes during the Vintage Yachting Games.
The Trouble with Girls (film)
The Trouble with Girls (and How to Get into It), also known as The Trouble with Girls, is a 1969 American film directed by  Peter Tewksbury and starring Elvis Presley. It was one of Presley's final acting roles, along with the same year's Change of Habit. It was written by Arnold Peyser and Lois Peyser based on the 1960 novel Chautauqua by Day Keene and Dwight Vincent Babcock.

Frank Welker
Franklin Wendell Welker (born March 12, 1946) is an American actor who specializes in voice acting. He began his career in the 1960s, and held around 850 film, television, and video game credits as of 2020, making him one of the most prolific voice actors in history. With his films earning a total worldwide box-office gross of $17.4 billion, he is also the fourth-highest-grossing actor as of 2024.

Welker is best known for voicing Fred Jones from the Scooby-Doo franchise since its inception in 1969 and later the titular character himself since 2002. In 2020, Welker reprised the latter role in the animated film Scoob!, the only original voice actor from the series in the film's cast.
He is also known for voicing Garfield from the "Garfield" franchise since 2007.
In 2016, he received a Lifetime Achievement Emmy Award.  He was nominated for the Children's and Family Emmy Award for Outstanding Voice Performance in an Animated Program in 2022.
Illinois Route 43
Illinois Route 43 (IL 43) is a 60.30-mile-long (97.04 km) major north–south state highway in the U.S. state of Illinois. It runs from U.S. Route 30 (US 30) in Frankfort north to the large intersection of IL 120 (Belvidere Road) and US 41 (Skokie Highway) in Waukegan.

Waukegan, Illinois
Waukegan (/wəˈkiːɡən/ wə-KEE-ghən) is a city in Lake County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. Located 36 miles (58 km) north of Chicago, Waukegan is a satellite city within the greater Chicago metropolitan area.

As of the 2020 census, its population was 89,321, making it the most populous city in Lake County, the seventh-most populous city within the Chicago metropolitan area and the 10th-most populous city in Illinois. However, unlike nearby wealthy North Shore suburbs, Waukegan has long been classified by the Illinois state government as overall "socioeconomically distressed" despite having some middle class inhabitants.
Anton Docher
Anton Docher (1852–1928), born Antonin Jean Baptiste Docher (pronounced ɑ̃tɔnɛ̃ ʒɑ̃ batist dɔʃe), was a French Franciscan Roman Catholic priest, who served as a missionary to Native Americans in New Mexico, in the Southwest of the United States. He served 34 years with the Pueblo of Isleta and was known for defending the Indians.

After academic studies and years of military service, Docher traveled to the United States in 1887, where he was first assigned to the Cathedral of Santa Fe for a few years and was ordained. He worked briefly at Taos before he was assigned to the Pueblo of Isleta in New Mexico, where he served for 34 years until his death. In the United States, his first name became Americanized as Anton, but he is also referred to as Antonin, Antonio, Anthony, Antoine, Antonine or Antonino.

Juan de Padilla
Juan de Padilla, OFM (1490–1542) was a Spanish Catholic priest and missionary who spent much of his life exploring North America with Francisco Vásquez de Coronado. He was killed in what would become Kansas by Native Americans in 1542. He is seen as the first Christian martyr in the USA.
Colón, Costa Rica
Colón, more commonly referred to as Ciudad Colón is a district and the head city of the Mora canton, in the San José province of Costa Rica. It is famous for its warm climate, proximity to nature and its surrounding mountains, folkloric traditions, horse riding, and multiculturalism.

San José Province
San José (Spanish pronunciation: [saŋ xoˈse]) is a province of Costa Rica. It is located in the central part of the country, and borders (clockwise beginning in the north) the provinces of Alajuela, Heredia, Limón, Cartago and Puntarenas. The provincial and national capital is San José. The province covers an area of 4,965.9 km². and has a population of 1,404,242.