hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Menard Correctional Center
Menard Correctional Center, known prior to 1970 as Southern Illinois Penitentiary, is an Illinois state prison located in the town of Chester in Randolph County, Illinois. It houses maximum-security and high-medium-security adult males. The average daily population as of 2007 was 3,410.

Menard Correctional Center opened in March 1878; it is the second oldest operating prison in Illinois, and, by a large margin, the state's largest prison. Menard once housed death row; however, on January 10, 2003, the Condemned Unit closed when then Governor George Ryan granted clemency to all Illinois death row inmates. It is a part of the Illinois Department of Corrections.

Menard Correctional Center's average prisoner age is 34 years old. Each inmate's average annual cost totals, as of fiscal year 2018, $27,364.

Randolph County, Illinois
Randolph County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 30,163. Its county seat is Chester.

Owing to its role in the state's history, the county motto is "Where Illinois Began."  It contains the historically important village of Kaskaskia, Illinois's first capital.

The county is part of Southern Illinois in the southern portion of the state known locally as "Little Egypt", and includes fertile river flats, part of the American Bottom; it is near the Greater St. Louis area.
Timothy J. Heaphy
Timothy J. Heaphy (born 1964) is a white-collar criminal defense attorney, law professor and a former United States attorney for the Western District of Virginia. He served as the lead investigator for the House Select Committee on the January 6 Attack.

United States District Court for the Western District of Virginia
The United States District Court for the Western District of Virginia (in case citations, W.D. Va.) is a United States district court.

Appeals from the Western District of Virginia are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The court is seated at multiple locations in Virginia: Abingdon, Charlottesville, Danville, Harrisonburg, Lynchburg and Roanoke.
Aparajita Varman
Aparajita Varman (reigned 880–897), commonly referred to as Aparajita, was a king of the Pallava dynasty. He was the son of Kampavarman and the Ganga princess Vijaya. Considered the last known Pallava ruler, he was defeated and killed in c. 897 CE in a battle against Aditya I. Pallava rule over Tondaimandalam came to an end thereafter, as the Pallava territories were annexed into the Chola Empire. In 880 CE, Aparajita fought a battle against the Pandya ruler Varagunavarman II and defeated him.

Tondaimandalam
Toṇḍaimaṇḍalam, also known as Toṇḍai Nāḍu, is a historical region located in the northernmost part of Tamil Nadu and southernmost part of Andhra Pradesh. Toṇḍaimaṇḍalam was divided into 24 kottams — smaller districts by kurumbar king and also build a royal fort (pulhal). The kottams are subdivided into smaller agricultural districts called nadus, which were groupings of several agricultural villages. At the beginning of the historical period, the kottams were mostly pastoral. The region comprises the districts which formed a part of the legendary kingdom of Athondai Chakravarti. The boundaries of Tondaimandalam are ambiguous – between the river basins of Penna River and Ponnaiyar River. During the reign of Rajaraja I, this region was called as Jayankonda Cholamandalam.
Cobalt(II) oxalate
Cobalt(II) oxalate is the inorganic compound with the formula of CoC2O4.  Like other simple inorganic oxalates, it is a coordination polymer.  The oxalate ligands bridge of Co(OH2)2 centres. Each cobalt adopts octahedral coordination geometry.

It is used in the preparation of cobalt catalysts, and cobalt metal powder for powder-metallurgical applications. It is made in process of recycling lithium-ion batteries, where the cobalt is obtained from cathode material (LiCoO2) by leaching with sulfuric acid and then precipitated with ammonium oxalate.

Lithium cobalt oxide
Lithium cobalt oxide, sometimes called lithium cobaltate or lithium cobaltite, is a chemical compound with formula LiCoO2. The cobalt atoms are formally in the +3 oxidation state, hence the IUPAC name lithium cobalt(III) oxide.

Lithium cobalt oxide is a dark blue or bluish-gray crystalline solid, and is commonly used in the positive electrodes of lithium-ion batteries especially in handheld electronics.
Anderson Island (Washington)
Anderson Island is the southernmost island in Puget Sound and a census-designated place of Pierce County, Washington, United States. It is accessible by boat or a 20-minute ferry ride from Steilacoom. Anderson Island is just south of McNeil Island. To the northwest, Key Peninsula is across Drayton Passage. The south basin of Puget Sound separates the island from the mainland to the southeast, while to the southwest the Nisqually Reach of Puget Sound separates the island from the mainland.

Steilacoom, Washington
Steilacoom (/ˈstɪləkəm/ STIL-ə-kəm) is a town in Pierce County, Washington, United States. The population was 6,727 at the 2020 census. Steilacoom incorporated in 1854 and became the first incorporated town in what later became the state of Washington. It has also become a bedroom community for service members stationed at Joint Base Lewis–McChord, aka McChord AFB and Fort Lewis.

Based on per capita income, Steilacoom ranks 61st of 522 areas ranked in the state of Washington.
Airlink
Airlink (previously known as South African Airlink) is a regional airline based in Johannesburg, South Africa. Its main business is to provide services between smaller, under-served towns and larger hub airports. It has since expanded to offer flights on larger, mainline routes.

The airline has a network of more than 60 routes to over 45 destinations in Southern Africa. In January 2021, it became the second-largest carrier within Africa by number of flights, and third-largest by number of seats.

Turkish Airlines
Turkish Airlines (Turkish: Türk Hava Yolları), or legally Türk Hava Yolları Anonim Ortaklığı, is the flag carrier of Turkey. As of June 2024, it operates scheduled services to 352 destinations (including cargo) in Europe, Asia, Oceania, Africa, and the Americas. The airline serves more destinations non-stop from a single airport than any other airline in the world and flies to 131 countries, more than any other airline. With an operational fleet of 24 cargo aircraft, the airline's cargo division Turkish Cargo serves 82 destinations. The airline also owns a low-cost subsidiary, AJet.

The airline's corporate headquarters are on the grounds of Atatürk Airport in Yeşilköy, Bakırköy, Istanbul. The airline's main base is Istanbul Airport in Arnavutköy. It has been a member of the Star Alliance network since 1 April 2008.
Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, Beijing
The Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception (Chinese: 圣母无染原罪堂), colloquially known as the Xuanwumen church (Chinese: 宣武门天主堂; pinyin: Xuānwǔmén Tiānzhǔtáng) or Nantang (Chinese: 南堂; lit. 'the South Church') to the locals, is a historic Catholic church located in the Beijing, China, Xicheng District, near the Beijing Financial Street. While the original foundation of the cathedral was in 1605, making it the oldest Catholic church in Beijing, the current building in Baroque style dates from 1904. The present Archbishop Joseph Li Shan, installed in September 2007, is one of the few Catholic bishops also recognised by the Catholic Patriotic Association.

The church has been closed for repairs since 10 December 2018.

Joseph Li Shan
Joseph Li Shan (Chinese: 李山; pinyin: Lǐ Shān; born March 1965 in Daxing District, Beijing) is a Chinese Catholic prelate who serves as Archbishop of Beijing. He was consecrated a bishop on 21 September 2007, at age 42 at a ceremony at Nan Tang (South Cathedral) in Xuanwumen. His main consecrator to become bishop was John Fang Xingyao. Before becoming archbishop he served as parish priest of Saint Joseph's Church in Wangfujing.

Shan also serves as the President of the Chinese Catholic Patriotic Association.
Sinopah Mountain
Sinopah Mountain (8,276 feet (2,523 m)) is located in the Lewis Range, Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana. Sinopah Mountain rises prominently to the west of Two Medicine Lake. Sinopah means, ""kit fox" in Blackfeet, (who) was the Indian wife of Hugh Monroe (Rising Wolf) and daughter of Lone Walker, a powerful Blackfeet chief."

Sinopah
Sinopah (Ap'-ah-ki) (c. 1796-c. 1880) was a Blackfeet Confederacy woman married to interpreter Hugh Monroe. She was the daughter of Blackfeet Confederacy Chief Lone Walker. Sinopah Mountain, located in Glacier National Park in the U.S. state of Montana, is named after her. Sinopah means "kit fox" in Blackfeet.
Such a Beautiful Sunny Day
Such a Beautiful Sunny Day: Jews Seeking Refuge in the Polish Countryside, 1942–1945 is a 2016 book by Polish historian Barbara Engelking. It was first published in Polish in 2012 as Jest taki piękny, słoneczny dzień: Losy Żydów szukających ratunku na wsi polskiej 1942–1945. It focuses on the subject matter of The Holocaust in Poland.

Barbara Engelking
Barbara Engelking (born 22 April 1962) is a Polish psychologist and sociologist specializing in Holocaust studies. The founder and director of the Polish Center for Holocaust Research in Warsaw, she is the author or editor of several works on the Holocaust in Poland.
On Children
On Children (Chinese: 你的孩子不是你的孩子; pinyin: Nǐ de háizǐ bùshì nǐ de háizǐ; lit. ''Your Child is not Your Child'') is a 2018 ten-part Mandarin-language TV series, directed by Chen Wei-ling and starring Troy Liu, Wang Yu-xuan, and Hsin-Yu Ling, based on the novel by Wu Xiaole. The plots are in anthology form with five different stories told in a world where individuals face the tragic consequences of social pressure, parental oppression and family dysfunction.

Chen Wei-ling (director)
Chen Wei-ling (Chinese: 陳慧翎; pinyin: Chén Huìlíng; 4 March 1975 – 1 November 2023) was a Taiwanese director.

Chen won five Golden Bell Awards over the course of her career. She died from cervical cancer at the Taipei Municipal Wanfeng Hospital, on 1 November 2023, at the age of 48.
String Quartet No. 4 (Babbitt)
String Quartet No. 4 is the fourth of six chamber music works in the string quartet medium by the American composer Milton Babbitt.

Babbitt's Fourth Quartet was written in 1970, almost immediately after the Third Quartet. It is in a single movement, divided into twelve sections marked by (amongst other things) five different metronomic tempos, distributed 1–2–3–1–4–5–1–2–5–3–4–1. In contrast to its predecessor, the Fourth Quartet makes extensive use of coloristic instrumental effects, such as col legno, sul ponticello, and pizzicato glissando. Octave relations are especially important in this work. Contrasts of register, instrumental setting, timbre, duration and dynamics serve to articulate modes of set partitioning.

The basic pitch structure of the Fourth Quartet is an array containing 77 statements of the aggregate. It is the first of Babbitt's works to employ weighted aggregates.

Milton Babbitt
Milton Byron Babbitt (May 10, 1916 – January 29, 2011) was an American composer, music theorist, mathematician, and teacher. He was a Pulitzer Prize and MacArthur Fellowship recipient, recognized for his serial and electronic music.
Guben
Guben (German pronunciation: [ˈɡuːbn̩] ⓘ; Polish and Sorbian: Gubin) is a town on the Lusatian Neisse river in Lower Lusatia, in the state of Brandenburg, in eastern Germany. Located in the Spree-Neiße district, Guben has a population of 20,049. It is a divided city on the border between Germany and Poland, having been separated into Guben and Gubin by the Oder–Neisse line in 1945.

Lower Lusatia
Lower Lusatia (German: Niederlausitz [ˈniːdɐˌlaʊzɪts]; Lower Sorbian: Dolna Łužyca [ˈdɔlna ˈwuʒɨtsa]; Upper Sorbian: Delnja Łužica [ˈdɛlnʲa ˈwuʒitsa]; Polish: Łużyce Dolne; Czech: Dolní Lužice) is a historical region in Central Europe, stretching from the southeast of the German state of Brandenburg to the southwest of Lubusz Voivodeship in Poland. Like adjacent Upper Lusatia in the south, Lower Lusatia is a settlement area of the West Slavic Sorbs whose endangered Lower Sorbian language is related to Upper Sorbian and Polish.
Taye Diggs
Scott Leo "Taye" Diggs (né Berry; born January 2, 1971) is an American actor and singer. He is known for his roles in the Broadway musicals Rent and Hedwig and the Angry Inch, the TV series Private Practice (2007–2013), Murder in the First (2014–2016), and All American (2018–2023), and the films How Stella Got Her Groove Back (1998), Brown Sugar, Chicago (both 2002), Malibu's Most Wanted (2003), Dylan Dog: Dead of Night (2011), and The Best Man (1999) and its sequel, The Best Man Holiday (2013).

The Wild Party (Lippa musical)
The Wild Party is a musical with book, lyrics, and music by Andrew Lippa.

Based on Joseph Moncure March's 1928 narrative poem of the same name, it coincidentally made its debut off-Broadway during the same theatre season (1999–2000) as a Broadway production with the same name and source material.
2018 Paf Masters Tour
The 2018 Paf Masters Tour was held October 18 to 21, 2018 at the Vianor Curling Center in Eckerö, Åland, Finland as a part of the 2018–19 curling season. The event was held in a round robin format with six teams advancing to the playoffs. The purse for the event was € 18,000.

In the final, Team Isabella Wranå of Sweden capped off a perfect 6–0 tournament by defeating the previously undefeated Sayaka Yoshimura rink from Japan 5–3 in the final. In the third place game, Tova Sundberg, also of Sweden, doubled up on Aline Fellmann of Switzerland 6–3. To reach the final, Wranå defeated Fellmann 6–4 in one semifinal and Yoshimura beat Sundberg 7–3 in the other.

Sayaka Yoshimura
Sayaka Yoshimura (吉村 紗也香, Yoshimura Sayaka; born January 30, 1992 in Kitami) is a Japanese curler from Sapporo, Hokkaido. She is the skip of the FORTIUS curling team, which won the Japan Curling Championships in 2015, 2021 and 2025. At the international level, she has represented Japan three times at the World Women's Curling Championship (2015, 2021, 2025) and two Pacific-Asia Curling Championships in 2014 and 2021, winning the gold medal in 2021.
2019–20 Division 1 Féminine
The 2019–20 Division 1 Féminine season, also known as D1 Arkema for sponsorship reasons, was the 46th edition of Division 1 Féminine since its establishment in 1974. The season began on 24 August 2019 and was scheduled to end on 30 May 2020. Lyon were the defending champions, having won the title for last thirteen consecutive seasons. This was the first ever season with a title sponsor for the league, after FFF announced a three-year deal with French chemicals firm Arkema.

After 16 match days, the season was abandoned due to the COVID-19 pandemic in France. Lyon were declared champions, and Paris joined them in qualification for the 2020–21 UEFA Women's Champions League.

OL Lyonnes
OL Lyonnes, formerly known as Olympique Lyonnais Féminin (French pronunciation: [ɔlɛ̃pik ljɔnɛ]) and still commonly known as Lyon or simply OL, is a French women's professional football club based in Lyon. The club has been the female section of Olympique Lyonnais since 2004. It is the most successful club in the history of the Première Ligue, with eighteen league titles as Olympique Lyonnais and four league titles as FC Lyon before the acquisition.

Since the 2010s, Lyon has frequently been named the strongest women's team in the world, and has been cited as a model for the development of women's football in both economic and cultural terms. The team has won eight UEFA Women's Champions League titles, including a record five successive titles from 2016 to 2020, as well as fourteen consecutive domestic league titles from 2007 to 2020. They have also won five trebles when the top-level continental competition is considered, the most for any team.
Plum Valley, Illinois
Plum Valley is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Will County, Illinois, United States. It is in the northeast corner of the county, bordered to the north by Cook County and to the east by Lake County, Indiana. To the south is unincorporated Willow Brook Estates. Plum Creek flows from southwest to northeast through the center of the CDP.

Plum Valley was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

Will County, Illinois
Will County is located in the northeastern part of the state of Illinois. According to the 2020 census, it had a population of 696,355, an increase of 2.8% from 677,560 in 2010, making it Illinois's fourth-most populous county. The county seat is Joliet. Will County is one of the five collar counties of the Chicago metropolitan area. The portion of Will County around Joliet uses area codes 815 and 779, while 630 and 331 are for far northern Will County and 708 is for central and eastern Will County.
Anna Gasser
Anna Gasser (born 16 August 1991) is an Austrian snowboarder, competing in slopestyle and big air. She lives in Millstatt. She is the 2018 and 2022 Olympic Champion in Big air.

Gasser qualified for the 2014 Winter Olympics and showed the best result in the qualification round, directly qualifying for the final. In 2017 Gasser won Gold in the Big air event at the Snowboard World Championships in Spain. Gasser also had a successful 2017 X Games performance winning gold in Slopestyle  and bronze in Big air in Hafjell, and silver for Big air in Aspen.

Millstatt am See
Millstatt am See is a market town of the Spittal an der Drau District in Carinthia, Austria. The traditional health resort and spa town on Lake Millstatt is known for former Benedictine Millstatt Abbey, founded about 1070.
Lycksele Municipality
Lycksele Municipality (Swedish: Lycksele kommun; Southern Sami: Liksjoe tjïelte; Ume Sami: Liksjuon kommuvdna) is a municipality in Västerbotten County in northern Sweden. Its seat is located in Lycksele and the municipality is located in the southern parts of Swedish Lapland.

The municipality traces its history to Lycksele parish, which was in effect during the 19th century with very similar borders and size (5,000-5,500 km2). The whole rural municipality Lycksele became a market town (köping) in 1929 and city in 1946. In 1971 it was amalgamated with Örträsk Municipality.

Generally the northern municipalities, already sparsely populated, have population decreases, but various supporting projects also exist. For instance, a campus of Umeå University is situated here.

Lapland (Sweden)
Lapland, also known by its Swedish name Lappland, is the northernmost province of Sweden. It borders the Swedish provinces of Jämtland, Ångermanland, Västerbotten, and Norrbotten, as well as Norway and Finland. Nearly a quarter of Sweden's land area is in Lapland.

The historical province of Lapland originally extended further eastward. However, in 1809 the Russian Empire annexed the eastern part of Sweden and formed the Grand Duchy of Finland in that territory. This effectively split Lapland into a Swedish part and a Finnish part, both of which still exist today. Swedish Lapland primarily consists of the inland parts of Västerbotten County in the south and Norrbotten County in the north. It has the coldest climates of Sweden, with vast seasonal differences caused by the high latitudes and the inland location.
Battle of Cárdenas
The Battle of Cárdenas was a minor naval engagement of the Spanish–American War fought on 11 May 1898 in the port of Cárdenas, Cuba, between an American squadron of 5 ships under Captain Chapman C. Todd and 3 small Spanish vessels under Mariano Mateu. The battle resulted in an unusually costly American reverse that dissuaded the U.S. Navy from undertaking further attacks on the port.

USS Wilmington (PG-8)
USS Wilmington (PG-8) was the lead ship in a class of two United States Navy gunboats. She was laid down on 8 October 1894 at Newport News, Virginia, by the Newport News Shipbuilding Company; launched on 19 October 1895; sponsored by Mrs. Anne B. Gray; and commissioned on 13 May 1897.
Todd Beamer
Todd Morgan Beamer (November 24, 1968 – September 11, 2001) was an American passenger aboard United Airlines Flight 93, which was hijacked and crashed as part of the September 11 attacks in 2001. He was one of the passengers who attempted to regain control of the aircraft from the hijackers. During the struggle, the Boeing 757 lost control and crashed into a field in Stonycreek Township near Shanksville, Pennsylvania, killing everyone on board, but saving the hijackers' intended target and potential additional victims.

Cranbury, New Jersey
Cranbury is a township in southern Middlesex County, within the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 3,842, a decrease of 15 (−0.4%) from the 2010 census count of 3,857, which in turn reflected an increase of 630 (+19.5%) from the 3,227 counted in the 2000 census.

Located within the Raritan Valley region, Cranbury is roughly equidistant between New York City and Philadelphia, contributing to it being a regional historical, cultural, and commercial hub of Central New Jersey (the township is known for its logistics industry) and as an outer-ring commuter suburb of New York City within the New York metropolitan area. The municipal taxes generated by warehouse and industrial properties have helped to keep residential property taxes steady over time.
70 Years of Hits
70 Years of Hits is a compilation album by Frankie Yankovic, released through Our Heritage Records in 1985. The title refers to Yankovic having turned 70 years old that year. In 1986, the album won Yankovic the Grammy Award for Best Polka Recording.

Frankie Yankovic
Frank John Yankovic (July 28, 1915 – October 14, 1998) was an American accordion player and polka musician. Known as "America's Polka King", Yankovic was considered the premier artist to play in the Slovenian style during his long career. He was not related to fellow accordionist "Weird Al" Yankovic, although the two collaborated.
Politics of Papua New Guinea
The politics of Papua New Guinea takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic multi-party system, whereby the prime minister is the head of government. Papua New Guinea is an independent Commonwealth realm, with the monarch serving as head of state and a governor-general, nominated by the National Parliament, serving as their representative. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament.

Constitutional safeguards include freedom of speech, press, worship, movement, and association. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.

Westminster system
The Westminster system, or Westminster model, is a type of parliamentary government modelled on that of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Key aspects of the system include an executive branch made up of members of the legislature which is responsible to the legislature, the presence of parliamentary opposition parties, and a ceremonial head of state who is separate from the head of government. The term derives from the Palace of Westminster, the seat of the British parliament. The Westminster system can be contrasted with the presidential system, which originated in the United States, and with the semi-presidential system based on the government of France.

The Westminster system is used, or was once used, in the national and subnational legislatures of most former colonies of the British Empire upon gaining self-government, beginning with the Province of Canada in 1848. However, many former colonies have since adopted other forms of government.