hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
German submarine U-109 (1940)
The German submarine U-109 was a Type IXB U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine that operated during World War II. She conducted nine war-patrols, sinking 12 ships and damaging one. All but one of these were during the six patrols she carried out under the command of Heinrich Bleichrodt.

On 4 May 1943, she was sunk with all hands by a B-24 Liberator, operated by 86 Squadron RAF.

Heinrich Bleichrodt
Heinrich Bleichrodt (21 October 1909 – 9 January 1977) was a German U-boat commander during the Second World War. From October 1939 until retiring from front line service in December 1943, he was credited with sinking 25 ships for a total of 152,320 gross register tons (GRT). He was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves of Nazi Germany. Bleichrodt was tried and acquitted for war crimes in connection with the sinking of the SS City of Benares, which was carrying evacuated children. He earned the nickname "Ajax" during his time with the U-boats.
Vukašinović
Vukašinović (Cyrillic script: Вукашиновић) is a Bosnian, Croat, Montenegrin and Serb surname derived from a masculine given name Vukašin. Notable people with the surname include:

Darko Vukašinović (born 1985), Montenegrin footballer

Marko Vukašinović (born 1993), Montenegrin volleyball player

Milan Vukašinović (born 1982), Serbian footballer

Milić Vukašinović (born 1950), Bosnian and Yugoslavian musician from Sarajevo

Miloš Vukašinović, Serbian diplomat from Bosnia and Herzegovina

Miroslav Vukašinović (born 1948), Serbian footballer and manager

Sanja Vukašinović (born 1997), Serbian sports shooter

Srdjan Vukašinović (born 1983), accordionist of Serbian-Swiss origin

Theo Vukašinović (born 1996), English rugby union lock

Vukašin
Vukašin (Cyrillic: Вукашин) is an old Slavic name of Serbian origin.  It is composed from two words: Vuk (wolf) and sin (son), so it means sin vuka (son of wolf). In some places in Croatia and Bosnia it can be found as a surname.

The name Vukašin can be found in Serbia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Republika Srpska and Croatia (used by Serbs of Croatia). During sound change phoneme S became š.
Soni, Nara
Soni (曽爾村, Soni-mura) is a village located in Uda District, Nara Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2024, the village had an estimated population of 1,272 in 639 households, and a population density of 27 persons per km2. The total area of the village is 47.76 km2 (18.44 sq mi). The village has been designated one of The Most Beautiful Villages in Japan by The Most Beautiful Villages in the World association.

The Most Beautiful Villages in Japan
The Association of the Most Beautiful Villages in Japan (「日本で最も美しい村」連合, Nihon de mottomo utsukushii mura rengō) is a Japanese nonprofit organization of listing some of the most beautiful villages and towns in Japan. The association is active on enhancement and protection of Japanese rural heritage, cultural fairs, and branding and promotion of regional, national, and international cooperation of its member villages and towns. It is affiliated to the international association The Most Beautiful Villages in the World. Despite the title which may suggest that it is a systematic ranking, affiliation is not mandatory and many villages which could claim to meet the admission criteria are not candidates.
Scaly yellowfish
The scaly yellowfish, or KwaZulu-Natal yellowfish, (Labeobarbus natalensis) is a species of freshwater fish in the family Cyprinidae.

This fish is found in the Tugela River System in South Africa, as well as in the Umzimkulu, Umfolozi and the Mgeni. It is one of the most common fishes in KwaZulu-Natal Province and it lives in different habitats between the Drakensberg foothills and the coastal lowlands.
The species has been categorized as least concern (LC) on the IUCN Red List.

Umgeni River
The Umgeni River or Mgeni River (Zulu: uMngeni) is a river in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. It rises in the "Dargle" in the KZN Midlands, and its mouth is at Durban, some distance north of Durban's natural harbour. It is generally agreed its name means "the river of entrance" in Zulu, though other meanings have been suggested.

The river is approximately 232 kilometres (144 mi) long with a catchment area of 4,432 square kilometres (1,711 sq mi). The Howick Falls are some famous waterfalls on the Mngeni.
The Miracle Worker (play)
The Miracle Worker is a three-act play by William Gibson adapted from his 1957 Playhouse 90 teleplay of the same name. It was based on Helen Keller's 1903 autobiography The Story of My Life.

The play's title was inspired by a Mark Twain quote: "Helen is a miracle, and Miss Sullivan is the miracle worker".

Anne Sullivan
Anne Sullivan Macy               (born as Johanna Mansfield Sullivan; April 14, 1866 – October 20, 1936) was an American teacher best known  for being the instructor and lifelong companion of Helen Keller. At age five, Sullivan contracted trachoma which left her partially blind and without reading or writing skills. Sullivan received her education as a student of the Perkins School for the Blind. Soon after graduation at age 20, she became a teacher to Keller.
Moreton Jeffries Church
Moreton Jeffries Church is a redundant Anglican church in the hamlet of Moreton Jeffries, some 9 miles (14 km) northeast of Hereford, Herefordshire, England.  It is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust.

Moreton Jeffries
Moreton Jeffries (or Moreton Jefferies) is a village and civil parish in the county of Herefordshire, England. It is situated off the A465 between Stoke Lacy and Burley Gate, approximately 8.5 miles (13.7 km) north-east of Hereford. In 2001 the parish had a population of 14. It has a medieval church, which has been designated by English Heritage as a Grade II* listed building, and is under the care of the Churches Conservation Trust. In the Domesday Book, it was listed as being in the Radlow Hundred. Henry 'Harry' Morgan, founder of the Morgan Motor Company, was born in Moreton Jeffries Rectory in 1881. There are timber merchants in the hamlet. Some time between 1961 and 1965 the parish was renamed from "Moreton Jeffreys" to "Moreton Jeffries".
Buena Vista Independent School District
Buena Vista Independent School District is a public school district based in the community of Imperial, Texas (USA).

The district has one school, Buena Vista School that serves students in grades pre-kindergarten through twelve.

In 2009, the school district was rated "academically acceptable" by the Texas Education Agency.

Buena Vista High School (Texas)
Buena Vista High School or Buena Vista School is a public high school located in Imperial, Texas (USA) and classified as a 1A school by the UIL.   It is part of the Buena Vista Independent School District located in extreme north central Pecos County.  In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.
California Solo
California Solo is an American independent feature film written and directed by Marshall Lewy and starring Robert Carlyle. It made its world premiere at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival, and its international premiere at the 2012 Edinburgh Film Festival.  The film was acquired by Strand Releasing for the U.S., and was given a limited theatrical release on November 30, 2012.

Marshall Lewy
Marshall Lewy was the chief content officer of Wondery, before Amazon broke up the podcast studio in August 2025. As such, he served as a non-writing executive producer on a number of Wondery's podcasts.

Previously, he was a partner at Adaptive Studios, a Hollywood company that acquired scripts that were tabled by larger studios and then attempted to produce them, with some success.

Lewy was also the director of the 2012 film California Solo, which premiered at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival, and the 2007 film Blue State.

Lewy graduated from Harvard College and received his MFA from Columbia University.
Luigi Cremona
Antonio Luigi Gaudenzio Giuseppe Cremona (7 December 1830 – 10 June 1903) was an Italian mathematician. His life was devoted to the study of geometry and reforming advanced mathematical teaching in Italy. He worked on algebraic curves and algebraic surfaces, particularly through his paper Introduzione ad una teoria geometrica delle curve piane ("Introduction to a geometrical theory of the plane curves"), and was a founder of the Italian school of algebraic geometry.

Thomas Hudson Beare
Sir Thomas Hudson Beare FRSE RSSA (30 June 1859 – 10 June 1940) was a British engineer. He was successively Professor of Engineering at Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, at University College, London (where he was a colleague of Karl Pearson), and Regius Professor of Engineering at the University of Edinburgh.
Þórshöfn
Þórshöfn (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈθour̥sˌhœpn̥]) or Thorshofn is a small fishing village in northeast Iceland, located on the northern coast of the Langanes peninsula on the Þistilfjörður bay.

The village has a population of 380 people. It is the administrative centre of Langanesbyggð municipality and formerly of the neighbouring Svalbarðshreppur municipality until the two merged. In Þórshöfn there is a year-round service to tourists, and Icelandair connects the village to Akureyri and Reykjavík with seasonal flights from Þórshöfn Airport.

Þórshöfn is also the Icelandic name of Tórshavn (capital of the Faroe Islands).

Þórshöfn Airport
Þórshöfn Airport (Icelandic: Þórshafnarflugvöllur Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈθour̥sˌhapnarˌflʏɣˌvœtlʏr̥]) (IATA: THO, ICAO: BITN) is an airport located in Þórshöfn, a village in northeast Iceland. It is also referred to as Thorshofn Airport in many English-language sources.
Lake Wilderness
Lake Wilderness is the largest lake in Maple Valley, Washington, United States. The Lake Wilderness Lodge, a former resort hotel, is now a King County landmark, and its grounds are a park. Lake Wilderness is surrounded by houses, forest, and a park. The park is open and free of charge, containing a playground, baseball field, and tennis court. Every year on Maple Valley Days in June, celebrations are held in the park and the parking lot is occupied by temporary carnival rides. The lake has a beach open to year-round swimming.

Gaffney's Lake Wilderness Lodge
Gaffney's Lake Wilderness Lodge is a building on Lake Wilderness in Maple Valley, Washington. The lodge was built in 1950 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003. Originally built for a destination resort on the lake, the lodge is currently operated by the City of Maple Valley.
Staci-Lyn Honda
Staci-Lyn Honda is former general assignment reporter for WSYR-TV, ABC affiliate, in Syracuse, New York.  Honda also previously served in the same capacity at WETM-TV in Elmira, New York where she started her career as an anchor and reporter. At WETM Honda also served as the weekend  news anchor.

WETM-TV
WETM-TV (channel 18) is a television station in Elmira, New York, United States, affiliated with NBC and owned by Nexstar Media Group. Its second subchannel serves as an owned-and-operated station of The CW (via The CW Plus), as Nexstar owns a majority stake in the network. WETM-TV's studios are located on East Water Street in downtown Elmira, and its transmitter is located on Hawley Hill in Big Flats, New York.
Zręcin
Zręcin [ˈzrɛnt͡ɕin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Chorkówka, within Krosno County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

Polish inventor Ignacy Łukasiewicz is buried at the local cemetery.

Gmina Chorkówka
Gmina Chorkówka is a rural gmina in Krosno County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Chorkówka, which lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-west of Krosno and 49 km (30 mi) south-west of the regional capital Rzeszów.

The gmina covers an area of 77.75 square kilometres (30.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 13,158.
Theodorus of Athamania
Theodorus of Athamania (Greek: Θεοδώρος Αθαμανίας) was king of the Athamanians in south-eastern Epirus. He is known otherwise only from the Delian temple inventories: his daughter Phila made dedications there before 225 BC. In 250 BC, King Theodorus founded the city of Theodoria, now known as the municipal unit of Theodoriana, part of the municipality of Central Tzoumerka. He died before 220 BC and was succeeded by Amynander of Athamania.

Athamanians
Athamanians or Athamanes (Greek: Ἀθαμάνες, Athamanes) were an ancient Greek tribe that inhabited south-eastern Epirus and west Thessaly. Today, the municipal unit of Athamania in Central Tzoumerka and the community of Athamania in Pyli are named after them.
Kyrksten
Kyrksten is a locality situated in Storfors Municipality, Värmland County, Sweden with 263 inhabitants in 2020. The settlement is located south of Alkvettern Manor, southeast of the municipal seat Storfors and 13 km (8 mi) northwest of Karlskoga.

Alkvettern Manor
Alkvettern Manor (Swedish: Alkvetterns herrgård, Swedish pronunciation: [alkvɛʈɛɳ]) is a manor house at lake Alkvettern in Bjurtjärn, Storfors Municipality, Värmland County. It is located near Kyrksten, southeast of Storfors and 13 km (8 mi) northwest of Karlskoga. The manor has served as residence for members of several notable Swedish families, for instance the af Geijerstam, Mitander and Linroth families.
Khurto Hajji Ismail
Khurto Hajji Ismail (1933 – 1 October 2020, Kurdish: Xurto Hecî Îsmaîl) was the Baba Sheikh of the Yazidis until his death in 2020. He held this position since 2007. He lived in Ain Sifni, Iraq.

He played an important role in reintegrating Yazidi society by helping the community avoid feuds and reintegrating thousands of Yazidi women and girls rescued from ISIS slavery and by declaring that all those who had been forced to convert to Islam should be accepted back into the Yazidi community.

He died on 1 October 2020 in a hospital in Erbil, aged 87. He had entered hospital two days before with heart and kidney problems. His funeral was attended by thousands of Yazidis, governmental and partisan officials, and Islamic as well as Christian religious figures and was buried in Bozan village of Sheikhan district of Iraq's Nineveh Governorate.

Yazidi social organization
There is a social organizational structure in the Ezidi community. There are three main castes, namely the Mirids, the Sheikhs, and the Pirs. Furthermore, there are positions for dignitaries in the Ezidi hierarchy.
Jacopo Zucchi
Jacopo Zucchi (c. 1541– c. 1590) was a Florentine painter of the Mannerist style, active in Florence and Rome.

His training began in the studio of Giorgio Vasari, and he participated in the decoration of the Studiolo and the Salone dei Cinquecento in the Palazzo Vecchio. Moving to Rome in the early 1570s, he worked for Cardinal Ferdinando de' Medici in his Palazzo Firenze (1574), for whom he also probably produced the oil on panel paintings The Golden Age and The Silver Age (both c.1576–1581, both now in the Uffizi). He also helped decorate, along with his brother Francesco, the apse and dome of Santo Spirito in Sassia with a fresco of the Pentecost. He painted the grand salon of the former Rucellai (now Ruspoli) palace in Rome with mythologic genealogies. Two canvases, representing the Ascension and Resurrection, are housed in the church of San Lorenzo Martire in San Lorenzo Nuovo (Italy). His brother Francesco Zucchi became a noted mosaicist and died in 1621.

The Golden Age (painting)
The Golden Age is a c. 1576–1581 oil on panel painting of the Golden Age by Jacopo Zucchi, a favoured artist of Ferdinando I de' Medici at the end of the latter's cardinalate in Rome, now in the Uffizi, in Florence.

An early preparatory drawing for the work survives in the Princeton University Art Museum. It and The Silver Age were probably painted for Ferdinando, as they were recorded in his 'Guardaroba medicea' and then in 1635 at the Uffizi - at the latter date they were still together but misattributed to Federico Zuccari. Their correct attribution was later restored.

The two works' dimensions and status as panel not canvas paintings may mean they were originally intended as two elaborate covers for portraits. They have previously been linked with another Uffizi work on copper, previously entitled The Age of Iron but now known as The Rule of Jupiter or Hercules Musagetes on Olympus and thought to be a pair for a Death of Adonis on copper now in the Casa Vasari, Arezzo.
Radioplane OQ-17
The Radioplane OQ-17 was a target drone produced by the Radioplane Company for the United States Army Air Forces and, as the TD4D/KDR Quail, the United States Navy. Suffering from an unreliable engine, the OQ-17 production run was cut short in favor of the OQ-19.

Righter O-45
The Righter/Kiekhaefer O-45 was an air-cooled, two-stroke aircraft engine of flat-twin configuration, used extensively for powering target drones in the late 1940s.

Designed by the Righter Manufacturing Company, the O-45 was also built by the Kiekhaefer Corporation and the Menasco Motors Company.
Them Changes (Thundercat song)
"Them Changes" is a song by American musician Thundercat. It was first released on June 18, 2015, as a single from his EP The Beyond / Where the Giants Roam. The track, which Thundercat co-wrote with producer Flying Lotus, was later included on Thundercat's full-length album Drunk, released on February 24, 2017.

A funk and psychedelic jazz song with elements of pop and R&B, "Them Changes" features a sampled beat from the 1977 song "Footsteps in the Dark" by the Isley Brothers. "Them Changes" was accompanied by a music video directed by Carlos López Estrada. In October 2022, after a sped-up remix of the song went viral on TikTok, an official "Sped Up" version of the song was released on digital platforms.

Carlos López Estrada
Carlos López Estrada (born September 12, 1988) is a Mexican-American filmmaker, music video director, commercial director, theatre director, and actor. Born in Mexico, he moved to the United States when he was 12 and later enrolled at Chapman University.

He made his feature film directorial debut in 2018 with Blindspotting, which premiered opening night at Sundance 2018 and was subsequently released by Lionsgate Entertainment. His second film, Summertime, premiered opening night of Sundance 2020 and was released in July 2021. Carlos' third film, Raya and the Last Dragon, was released by Disney in March 2021 and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Animated Feature at the 94th Academy Awards. In November 2022, Carlos López Estrada founded Antigravity Academy: a production company and artist development platform dedicated to supporting emerging filmmakers and reimagining pathways into the film industry.
Allan Kolski Horwitz
Allan Kolski Horwitz (born 1952) is a South African poet who was born in Vryburg, and grew up in Cape Town. Matriculating from Herzlia, he later moved to Johannesburg after studying philosophy and literature at the University of Cape Town.

In 1974 he left South Africa, living in North America, Europe and the Middle East, before returning in 1986.

He has published numerous poetry collections and a book of short fiction.

In the 1990s he was one of the founding members of the "Botsotso jesters", a poetry collective, as well as part of the founding editorial collective behind Botsotso magazine. Members of the Botsotso jesters aimed to collaborate and produce innovative new work, and included Ike Mboneni Muila and Isabella Motadinyane, two writers who experimented with language by utilising isicamtho dialects in their poems.

United Herzlia Schools
The United Herzlia Schools   is an organisation that manages the delivery of separate Jewish education in Cape Town in South Africa. The most prominent school is Herzlia High School, which has over 2, 000 students. The school caters to Jewish students across the religious spectrum, from Orthodox to Reform and unaffiliated. The school also enrols non-Jewish pupils from other faith backgrounds.
Sayakbay Karalaev
Sayakbay Karalaev (Kyrgyz: Саякбай Каралаев; 1894 – 7 May 1971) was a Soviet and Kyrgyz storyteller and manaschi - a reciter of the epic Kyrgyz poem Manas.

His famed variant of the Manas trilogy - Manas, his son Semetey, grandson Seitek - is said to total over 500,000 lines.

He was the first official manaschi of the Frunze Philarmonia, and received a monthly salary. His version of the Manas trilogy was collected 1936-1952.

A critical edition of his version was attempted, under the editorship of Chingiz Aitmatov in the late 1980s; later, arguably complete editions of Manas, Semetey, and Seitek appeared in the early 2010s. A CD of recorded performances appeared in 2007.

A French translation of his recitation of the epic Er Töshtük was published in 1965.

He was the subject of a biographical feature film: Sayakbay - Homer of the 20th Century (dir. Ernest Abdyjaparov).

Er Töshtük
Er Töstik is a Central Asian oral epic best known in the Kyrgyz version recorded by Vasily Radlov in 1885. In its occurrences in Kyrgyz it is often incorporated into the Epic of Manas. It exists in other languages and cultures as well, including the Kazakhs and the Tatars in the Siberian ares of Tyumen. Recorded versions appear since the middle of the 19th century. Besides the version by Radlov, a French translation by Pertev Naili Boratav was published in 1965; this version was based on a performance of the epic by the manaschi Sayakbay Karalaev.

The poem offers a conversion narrative similar to that found in Tarikh-i Dost Sultan, in which Ötemish Hajji is operative in the conversion of the Sufi saint Baba Tükles.
Military history of South Africa
The military history of South Africa chronicles a vast time period and complex events from the dawn of history until the present time. It covers civil wars and wars of aggression and of self-defense both within South Africa and against it. It includes the history of battles fought in the territories of modern South Africa in neighbouring territories, in both world wars and in modern international conflicts.

Ndwandwe
The Ndwandwe are a Bantu Nguni-speaking people who populate sections of southern Africa. They owe their name to one of their early chiefs and are also known as the Nxumalo. Today, they can be found in South Africa, Eswatini, and Zimbabwe.
Philip Noel-Baker
Philip John Noel-Baker, Baron Noel-Baker (born Philip John Baker; 1 November 1889 – 8 October 1982) was a British politician, diplomat, academic, athlete, and renowned campaigner for disarmament.  He carried the British team flag and won a silver medal for the 1500m run at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, and received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1959.

Noel-Baker is the only person to have won an Olympic medal and received a Nobel Prize. He was a Labour Member of Parliament (UK) for 36 years, serving from 1929 to 1931 and again from 1936 to 1970, serving in several ministerial offices and the cabinet. He was created a life peer in 1977.

Derby (UK Parliament constituency)
Derby is a former United Kingdom Parliamentary constituency. It was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England, then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1950. It was represented by two members of parliament. It was divided into the single-member constituencies of Derby North and Derby South in 1950.
The Dacca News
The Dacca News was the first English periodical in eastern Bengal. It was a weekly English newspaper and was first published on 18 April 1856. The newspaper was published from Dhaka Press, whose owners were English, Armenian and Kashmiri. The editor of the newspaper was Alexander Forbes, a Scottish citizen.

Dhaka Press
Dhaka Press Dhaka's first printing press established at Chhota Katra in Dhaka. It was called the old press of Bengal, which later came to be known as 'Dhaka Press'. The Dacca News newspaper was published from here.