hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Universal grammar
Universal grammar (UG), in modern linguistics, is the theory of the innate biological component of the language faculty, usually credited to Noam Chomsky. The basic postulate of UG is that there are innate constraints on what the grammar of a possible human language could be. When linguistic stimuli are received in the course of language acquisition, children then adopt specific syntactic rules that conform to UG. The advocates of this theory emphasize and partially rely on the poverty of the stimulus (POS) argument and the existence of some universal properties of natural human languages. However, the latter has not been firmly established.

Other linguists have opposed that notion, arguing that languages are so diverse that the postulated universality is rare. The theory of universal grammar remains a subject of debate among linguists.

Innatism
In the philosophy of mind, innatism is the view that the mind is born with already-formed ideas, knowledge, and beliefs. The opposing doctrine, that the mind is a tabula rasa (blank slate) at birth and all knowledge is gained from experience and the senses, is called empiricism.
Trend, Denmark
Trend is a town in North Jutland (Nordjylland), it is situated next to Bjørnsholm Bay, to which the closest town is Overlade. Trend has a caravan park and a minigolf course. The town is also defined as a summer house city since most of the houses are primarily used as summer houses. It also has an innTrendd Trend inn. The name Trend comes from Trende mill that was built by Vitskøl monastery. The town is located 22 km west of Aars and around 60 km south-west of Aalborg.

Bjørnsholm Bay
Bjørnsholm Bay (Danish: Bjørnsholm Bugt) is a bay in the Limfjord, along Himmerland's west coast, 10–20 kilometres (6–12 mi) southwest of Løgstør, Denmark. The bay is named after the estate of Bjørnsholm and extends approximately 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) from the hamlet of Rønbjerg in the north to the cliffs at Ertebølle in the south. Near Bjørnsholm and the Vitskøl monastery, Bjørnsholm Å (Bjørnsholm Stream) runs into the bay, and almost four kilometers to the south Trend Å (Trend Stream) has its mouth at Trend, where there is a cottage area. Nearby in the Limfjord is the island of Livø, whose southeastern tip, Livø Tab, almost reaches the bay.

Denmark portal
Cindy Williams
Cynthia Jane Williams (August 22, 1947 – January 25, 2023) was an American actress. She is best known for her role as Shirley Feeney on the television sitcoms Happy Days (1975–1979), and Laverne & Shirley (1976–1982). She also appeared in American Graffiti (1973), The Conversation (1974), Mr. Ricco (1975), and More American Graffiti (1979).

Miller-Boyett
Miller-Boyett Productions (or simply Miller-Boyett) is an American television production company that mainly developed television sitcoms from the 1970s through the 1990s. It was responsible for family-oriented hit series such as Happy Days, Laverne & Shirley, Mork & Mindy, The Hogan Family, Bosom Buddies, Full House, Perfect Strangers, Family Matters and Step by Step.

The company traces its roots back to Miller-Milkis Productions, which was formed in 1972. Its original run as a production company remained uninterrupted until its initial shutdown in 1999, having changed from the longtime Miller-Boyett name to Miller-Boyett-Warren two years prior. In 2015, the company was resurrected under the former Miller-Boyett name.
Giovanni Dalmata
Giovanni Dalmata (Croatian: Ivan Duknović; c. 1440 – c. 1514), born Ioannes Stephani Duknovich de Tragurio, also known as Giovanni Duknovich di Traù in Italy and Ivan Stjepanov Duknović in Croatia, was a sculptor from Trogir, Dalmatia, who was mainly active in Rome, Hungary and his native country during the European Renaissance. Dalmata was, with Mino da Fiesole and Andrea Bregno, one of the leading sculptors in Rome in the second half of the 15th century.

Trogir
Trogir (Croatian pronunciation: [ˈtrɔ.ɡiːr]) is a historic town and harbour on the Adriatic coast in Split-Dalmatia County, Croatia, with a population of 10,107 (2021) and a total municipal population of 12,393 (2021). The historic part of the city is situated on a small island between the Croatian mainland and the island of Čiovo. It lies 27 kilometres (17 miles) west of the city of Split.

Since 1997, the historic centre of Trogir has been included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites for its Venetian architecture.
Summerville (Augusta, Georgia)
Summerville, (commonly referred to locally as "The Hill"), is a large, affluent residential area and historic district located northwest of downtown Augusta, Georgia. The district is site of the historic homes of John Milledge, George Walton, and Thomas Cumming.

Augusta University
Augusta University (AU) is a public research university and academic medical center in Augusta, Georgia, United States. It is part of the University System of Georgia and has satellite medical campuses in Savannah, Albany, Rome, and Athens, Georgia. It employs over 15,000 people, has more than 56,000 alumni, and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.
Consent (play)
Consent is a 2017 play by Nina Raine. Its premiere production was at the National Theatre from 4 April to 17 May 2017. This run received positive reviews. In his 5-star review for The Independent, Paul Taylor stated "One of Nina Raine's most enjoyable and intelligent plays yet. Unreservedly recommended." In his 4-star review for The Telegraph, Dominic Cavendish described the play as a "tense, entertaining modern-day tragi-comedy... Is it worth seeing this ambitious would-be play for today? My much mulled verdict: yes, absolutely."

The 2017 production was revived for a West End transfer in May 2018 with the same director (Roger Michell) but a largely new cast and ran at the Harold Pinter Theatre until 11 August.

Nina Raine
Nina Raine is an English theatre director and playwright, the only daughter of Craig Raine and Ann Pasternak Slater, and a grand niece of the Russian novelist Boris Pasternak.

She graduated from Christ Church, Oxford in 1998 with a First in English Literature.
Lake Peekskill, New York
Lake Peekskill is a hamlet in the town of Putnam Valley in Putnam County, New York, United States, centered on Lake Peekskill. The community is 3.7 miles (6.0 km) northeast of Peekskill. Lake Peekskill has a post office with ZIP code 10537.

Putnam Valley, New York
Putnam Valley is a town in Putnam County, New York, United States.  The population was 11,762 at the 2020 census. Its location is northeast of New York City, in the southwestern part of Putnam County. Putnam Valley calls itself the "Town of Lakes".
Bimalleolar fracture
A bimalleolar fracture is a fracture of the ankle that involves the lateral malleolus and the medial malleolus. Studies have shown that bimalleolar fractures are more common in women, people over 60 years of age, and patients with existing comorbidities.

Ankle
The ankle, the talocrural region or the jumping bone (informal) is the area where the foot and the leg meet. The ankle includes three joints: the ankle joint proper or talocrural joint, the subtalar joint, and the inferior tibiofibular joint. The movements produced at this joint are dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the foot. In common usage, the term ankle refers exclusively to the ankle region. In medical terminology, "ankle" (without qualifiers) can refer broadly to the region or specifically to the talocrural joint.

The main bones of the ankle region are the talus (in the foot), the tibia, and fibula (both in the leg). The talocrural joint is a synovial hinge joint that connects the distal ends of the tibia and fibula in the lower limb with the proximal end of the talus. The articulation between the tibia and the talus bears more weight than that between the smaller fibula and the talus.
2016 V de V Challenge Monoplace
The 2016 V de V Challenge Monoplace was a multi-event motor racing championship for open wheel, formula racing cars held across Europe. The championship features drivers competing in 2 litre Formula Renault single seat race cars that conform to the technical regulations for the championship. The 2016 season was the seventh V de V Challenge Monoplace season organized by the V de V Sports. The season began at Circuit de Barcelona-Catalunya on 19 March and finishes on 6 November at Estoril.

The season was dominated by TS Corse driver Alex Peroni who won 14 from 21 races. Gilles Hireau and Aleksey Chuklin won one races on their way to top three in the season standings. Grégoire Saucy, Erwin Creed, Antoine Robert, Nicolas Melin, Thomas Neubauer, David Droux, Gilles Magnus, Rinus van Kalmthout and Richard Verschoor were the other drivers who was able to finish on podium during the races.

Grégoire Saucy
Grégoire Matthieu Saucy (French pronunciation: [ɡʁe.ɡwaʁ so.si]; born 26 December 1999) is a Swiss racing driver who competes in the FIA World Endurance Championship for United Autosports.

Saucy won the 2021 Formula Regional European Championship with ART.
Always Right Behind You
"Always Right Behind You" is the first single from the album You Can Do Anything, the album from English rock band The Zutons. This is the band's 13th single. The track peaked as the band's ninth UK Top 40 single, peaking at #26 in the UK Singles Chart despite entering the chart at #28 via download sales alone the day before its physical release.

You Can Do Anything
You Can Do Anything is the third studio album by English rock band the Zutons. It was produced by Sunset Sound Studios in Los Angeles with producer George Drakoulias (the Black Crowes/Primal Scream/Tom Petty) and was released on Monday 2 June 2008 in the United Kingdom. You Can Do Anything was released after the departure of original lead guitarist Boyan Chowdhury, and is the first album to feature the band's new lead guitarist Paul Molloy.
Chak Bankola
Chak Bankola is a census town located partly in the Pandabeswar CD block and partly in the Andal CD block of the Durgapur subdivision in the Paschim Bardhaman district in the state of West Bengal, India.

Paschim Bardhaman district
Paschim Bardhaman district is a predominantly urban mining-industrial district in West Bengal. The headquarter of the district is Asansol. It was formed on 7 April 2017 after bifurcation of the erstwhile Bardhaman district as the 23rd district of West Bengal.
The Hundredth Chance (novel)
The Hundredth Chance is a 1917 novel by the British writer Ethel M. Dell. It was one of four of Dell's novels to make the Publishers Weekly list of top ten bestselling books during the 1910s in America. In 1927 Dell adapted the novel as a play.

Publishers Weekly list of bestselling novels in the United States in the 1910s
This is a list of bestselling novels in the United States in the 1910s, as determined by The Bookman, a New York–based literary journal (1910–1912) and Publishers Weekly (1913 and beyond). The list features the most popular novels of each year from 1910 through 1919.

The standards set for inclusion in the lists – which, for example, led to the exclusion of the novels in the Harry Potter series from the lists for the 1990s and 2000s – are currently unknown.
Gennaro Contaldo
Gennaro Contaldo OSI (Italian pronunciation: [dʒenˈnaːro konˈtaldo]; born 20 January 1949) is an Italian chef known for his association with his British protégé, Jamie Oliver, and his partnership with fellow Italian chef Antonio Carluccio and their BBC Two television series Two Greedy Italians.

Jamie Oliver
Jamie Trevor Oliver MBE OSI (born 27 May 1975) is an English celebrity chef, restaurateur and cookbook author. He is known for his casual approach to cuisine, and he has fronted many television shows and opened numerous restaurants.

Oliver reached the public eye when his BBC Two series The Naked Chef premiered in 1999. In 2005, he started a campaign, Feed Me Better, to introduce schoolchildren to healthier foods, which was later backed by the government. He was the owner of a restaurant chain, Jamie Oliver Restaurant Group, which opened its first restaurant, Jamie's Italian, The chain went into administration in May 2019.

Oliver is a best-selling British non-fiction author. As of February 2019, Oliver had sold more than 14.55 million books. His TED Talk won him the 2010 TED Prize. In June 2003, Oliver was made a Member of the Order of the British Empire for "services to the hospitality industry".
Alla Rakha
Alla Rakha Qureshi (29 April 1919 – 3 February 2000) was an Indian tabla player who specialised in Hindustani classical music. Widely revered as one of history's most iconic players of the tabla, he was a frequent accompanist of sitar player Pandit Ravi Shankar and was largely responsible for introducing tabla to the Western audience.

Sitar
The sitar (English:  /ˈsɪtɑːr/ or /sɪˈtɑːr/; IAST: sitāra) is a plucked stringed instrument, originating from the Indian subcontinent, used in Hindustani classical music. The instrument was invented in the 18th century, and arrived at its present form in 19th-century India. Khusrau Khan, an 18th-century figure of the Mughal Empire, has been identified by modern scholarship as the inventor of the sitar. According to most historians, he developed the sitar from the setar, an Iranian instrument of Abbasid or Safavid origin.

Used widely throughout the Indian subcontinent, the sitar became popularly known in the wider world through the works of Ravi Shankar, beginning in the late 1950s and early 1960s. The advent of psychedelic culture during the mid-to-late 1960s set a trend for the use of the sitar in Western popular music, with the instrument appearing on tracks by bands such as the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, Metallica and many others.
Bremerhaven University of Applied Sciences
Bremerhaven University of Applied Sciences (Hochschule Bremerhaven) is a state university founded in 1975 in Bremerhaven. Around 3,200 students from 66 nations are currently enrolled in the 25 technical, natural, social, and economic science Bachelor's and Master's programs at the "University by the Sea".

The university has two faculties: one focused on energy and marine engineering; the other on life sciences, and further areas like logistics, ICT, automation, and services. The programs range from biotechnology, social work, maritime technologies, and ship operation engineering to cruise management, process engineering, energy technology, and medical technology, as well as digital media production and business informatics. Around 150 staff members in teaching and administration support the students.

Bremerhaven
Bremerhaven (German pronunciation: [ˌbʁeːmɐˈhaːfn̩] ⓘ; Low German: Bremerhoben) is a city on the east bank of the Weser estuary in northern Germany. It forms an exclave of the city-state of Bremen. The River Geeste flows through the city before emptying into the Weser.

Bremerhaven was founded in 1827 as a seaport for Bremen, and it remains one of the busiest ports in the country. It was historically rivalled by Geestemünde [de] on the opposite side of the Geeste, which belonged to Hanover (and later Prussia). Geestemünde united with neighbouring Lehe [de] to form the city of Wesermünde [de] in 1924, and Bremerhaven was itself annexed to Wesermünde in 1939, but the entire conurbation was restored to Bremen in 1947.
Hendrick de Clerck
Hendrick de Clerck (c. 1560 – 27 August 1630) was a Flemish painter active in Brussels during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. Stylistically he belongs to the late Mannerist generation of artists preceding Peter Paul Rubens and the Flemish Baroque, and his paintings are very similar to his contemporary Marten de Vos. His exact date of birth is unknown, but in 1594 he is employed as court painter to Archduke Ernest, a position he continued to hold in the service of the Archdukes Albert and Isabella following Ernest's death in 1596.

Albert VII, Archduke of Austria
Albert VII (German: Albrecht VII; 13 November 1559 – 13 July 1621) was the ruling Archduke of Austria for a few months in 1619 and, jointly with his wife, Isabella Clara Eugenia, sovereign of the Habsburg Netherlands between 1598 and 1621. Prior to this, he had been a cardinal, Archbishop of Toledo, viceroy of Portugal and  Governor General of the Habsburg Netherlands. He succeeded his brother Matthias as reigning archduke of Lower and Upper Austria, but abdicated in favor of Ferdinand II the same year, making it the shortest (and often ignored) reign in Austrian history.
Listed buildings in Bradford (Bolton and Undercliffe Ward)
Bolton and Undercliffe is a ward in the metropolitan borough of the City of Bradford, West Yorkshire, England.  It contains 20 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  The ward is a suburb of Bradford to the northeast of the city centre and is almost completely residential.  It includes Peel Park which contains listed buildings, including the entrance lodges, statues, drinking fountains, and a relocated doorway and wall.  The other listed buildings include houses and cottages, farmhouses and farm buildings, a church, and a school.

Peel Park, Bradford
Peel Park is a 22.6-hectare (56-acre) urban public park in the Bolton and Undercliffe area of Bradford, England, located about 0.75 miles (1.2 km) north-east of the city centre, and named after Sir Robert Peel (1788–1850).
Peel Park was Bradford's first public park and is on the English Heritage and National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens online databases.
The park is a Green Flag Award winner and has been for a number of years.
Alaska Newspapers, Inc.
Alaska Newspapers, Inc. (ANI) was, until August 2011, the publisher of six weekly Alaska newspapers, a quarterly magazine, and several special publications including a shopper, visitor's guides, and programs.

ANI was founded by Edgar Blatchford in 1983 with the purchase of the Seward Phoenix Log. In 1990, The Tundra Drums was added to the company's portfolio in a partnership with Calista Corporation, an Alaska Native Regional Corporation created under the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act of 1971. ANI has its headquarters in Anchorage, Alaska and is currently a majority-owned subsidiary of Calista.

Edgar Blatchford
Edgar Omegitjoak Blatchford (born November 24, 1950) is an American politician, academic, and attorney who served as the mayor of Seward, Alaska.

Blatchford sought the 2016 Democratic Party nomination for United States Senate, losing the nomination in the Alaskan primary to Ray Metcalfe. Blatchford ran two more unsuccessful campaigns for U.S. Senate in 2020 and 2022.

Blatchford also filed to run for lieutenant governor in the 2018 Democratic primary. He dropped out of the race on June 8.

Blatchford has been a professor at the University of Alaska Anchorage since 1995, teaching in the Department of Journalism and Public Communications. Blatchford also served as Commissioner of the Department of Community and Regional Affairs (1990–1994) under Wally Hickel and Commissioner of Community and Economic Development (2003–2005) under Frank Murkowski.
Gusau
GusauListenⓘ  is a city in northwestern Nigeria. It is the capital of Zamfara State and also the name of the state's Local Government Area of Gusau, which has an area of 3,364 km (2,090 mi)² and a population of 383,162 as of the 2006 census.

The area's postal code is 880.

The current local government chairman is Yahaya Garba.

Local government areas of Nigeria
Nigeria has 768 local government areas (LGAs) and 6 Area Councils, making 774 LGA each administered by a local government council consisting of a chairman, who is the chief executive, and other elected members, who are referred to as councillors. Each LGA is further subdivided into a minimum of ten and a maximum of twenty wards. A ward is administered by a councillor, who reports directly to the LGA chairman. The councillors fall under the legislative arm of the Local Government, the third tier of government in Nigeria, below the state governments and the federal government.
Delta Machine
Delta Machine is the thirteenth studio album by the English electronic music band Depeche Mode, released on 22 March 2013 by Columbia and Mute Records. It is the band's first album released under Columbia. Recorded in 2012 in Santa Barbara, California, and New York City, the album was produced by Ben Hillier and mixed by Flood, who had previously worked with the band on their albums Violator (1990) and Songs of Faith and Devotion (1993). A deluxe edition was also released, containing a bonus disc with four bonus tracks, as well as a 28-page hardcover book including photos by Anton Corbijn.

"Heaven" was released as the album's lead single on 31 January 2013. The second single from the album, "Soothe My Soul", was released on 10 May 2013, followed by "Should Be Higher" on 11 October 2013. Following the album's release, Depeche Mode embarked on the Delta Machine Tour, which commenced in Nice, France, on 4 May 2013, and concluded in Moscow on 7 March 2014.

Soothe My Soul
"Soothe My Soul" is a song by English electronic music band Depeche Mode from their thirteenth studio album, Delta Machine (2013). The song was written by Martin L. Gore and produced by Ben Hillier. It was released as the album's second single by Columbia Records on 10 May 2013 in Germany, 13 May internationally, 14 May in North America, and 10 June in the United Kingdom. The music video was directed by Warren Fu and premiered on 28 March 2013.
Aysegul Timur
Aysegul Timur is a Turkish American academic administrator who serves as the 5th president of Florida Gulf Coast University. She is the first woman and first immigrant to become president in the university's history. She lives in Naples, Florida.

Turkish Americans
Turkish Americans (Turkish: Türk Amerikalılar) or American Turks (Turkish: Amerikalı Türkler)  are Americans of ethnic Turkish origin. The term "Turkish Americans" can therefore refer to ethnic Turkish immigrants to the United States, as well as their American-born descendants, who originate either from the Ottoman Empire or from post-Ottoman modern nation-states. The majority trace their roots to the Republic of Turkey, however, there are also significant ethnic Turkish communities in the US which descend from the island of Cyprus, the Balkans, North Africa, the Levant and other areas of the former Ottoman Empire. Furthermore, in recent years there has been a significant number of ethnic Turkish people coming to the US from the modern Turkish diaspora (i.e. outside the former Ottoman territories), especially from the Turkish Meskhetian diaspora in Eastern Europe (e.g. from Krasnodar Krai in Russia) and "Euro-Turks" from Central and Western Europe (e.g. Turkish Germans etc.).
Pedro Tenorio (bishop)
Pedro Tenorio (c. 1328 – 18/28 May 1399), sometimes called Pedro Díaz de Tenorio, was the bishop of Coimbra from 1371 to 1377 and archbishop of Toledo from 1377 until his death. Pedro was educated in exile in France and Italy. He fought in the Castilian Civil War in 1367 and obtained a doctorate in canon law in 1368. In the Western Schism, he argued the conciliarist position. He played a leading role in the regency of Henry III in 1391–1393. He is remembered primarily as an administrator and builder whose legacy is bridges, towns, churches, hospitals and castles. According to the Diccionario biográfico español, he was "one of the great archbishops of Toledo".

Diocese of Coimbra
The Diocese of Coimbra (Latin: Dioecesis Conimbricensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in Coimbra, Portugal. It is a suffragan of the Archdiocese of Braga.

From 1472, the bishop of Coimbra held the comital title of Count of Arganil, being thus called Bishop-Count (Portuguese: Bispo-Conde).