hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Baldwin de Redvers, 7th Earl of Devon
Baldwin de Redvers, 7th Earl of Devon (1 January 1236 – 1262), feudal baron of Plympton in Devon and Lord of the Isle of Wight, was the son of Baldwin de Redvers, 6th Earl of Devon and Amice de Clare, daughter of Gilbert de Clare, 5th Earl of Hertford. He succeeded his father at the age of ten.

He died in the expedition of Henry III of England to France in 1262; the record of his death by the royal clerks was made on 13 September. He was succeeded by his sister, Isabella de Fortibus, widow of William de Forz, 4th Earl of Albemarle.

Feudal barony of Plympton
The feudal barony of Plympton (or Honour of Plympton) was a large feudal barony in the county of Devon, England, whose caput was Plympton Castle and manor, Plympton. It was one of eight feudal baronies in Devonshire which existed during the medieval era. It included the so-called Honour of Christchurch in Hampshire (now in Dorset), which was not however technically a barony. The de Redvers family, first holders of the barony, were also Lords of the Isle of Wight, which lordship was not inherited by the Courtenays, as was the barony of Plympton, as it had been sold to the king by the last in the line Isabel de Redvers, 8th Countess of Devon (1237–1293).
Margaret Busby
Margaret Yvonne Busby, CBE, Hon. FRSL (born 1944), also known as Nana Akua Ackon, is a Ghanaian-born publisher, editor, writer and broadcaster, resident in the UK. She was Britain's youngest publisher as well as the first black female book publisher in the UK when she and Clive Allison (1944–2011) co-founded the London-based publishing house Allison and Busby (A & B) in the 1960s. She edited the anthology Daughters of Africa (1992), and its 2019 follow-up New Daughters of Africa. She is a recipient of the Benson Medal from the Royal Society of Literature. In 2020, she was voted one of the "100 Great Black Britons". In 2021, she was honoured with the London Book Fair Lifetime Achievement Award. In 2023, Busby was named as president of English PEN.

Geraldine Connor
Geraldine Connor, PhD, MMus, LRSM, DipEd (22 March 1952 – 21 October 2011), was a British ethnomusicologist, theatre director, composer and performer, who spent significant periods of her life in Trinidad and Tobago, from where her parents had migrated to Britain in the 1940s. Her father was actor, singer and folklorist Edric Connor and her mother was theatrical agent and cultural activist Pearl Connor. Geraldine Connor is best known for having written, composed and directed Carnival Messiah, a spectacular work that "married the European classical tradition of oratorio with masquerade and musical inspiration from the African diaspora". For more than 20 years, she lived in Skelmanthorpe in Yorkshire, England, where she went in 1990 as a lecturer at the University of Leeds.
Nama people
Nama (in older sources also called Namaqua) are an African ethnic group who reside in South Africa, Namibia, and Botswana. They traditionally speak the Nama language of the Khoe-Kwadi language family, although many Nama also speak Afrikaans. The Nama people (or Nama-Khoe people) are the largest group of the Khoekhoe people, much of which has disappeared as a group. Many of the Nama clans live in central Namibia and other smaller groups live in Namaqualand, which straddles the Namibian border with South Africa.

Heinrich Ernst Göring
Heinrich Ernst Göring (31 October 1838 – 7 December 1913) was a German judge and diplomat who served as the colonial governor of German Namibia and the German Ambassador to Haiti. He was the father of five children including Hermann Göring, the Nazi leader and commander of the Luftwaffe (German Air Force).
Reinhard Marx
Reinhard Marx (born 21 September 1953) is a German Catholic prelate who has served as Archbishop of Munich and Freising since 2008. Pope Benedict XVI made him a cardinal in 2010. He is a former member of the Council of Cardinals established by Pope Francis, serving from 2013 to 2023 and is a former president of the Commission of the Bishops' Conferences of the European Union (2012 – 2018). Marx is the Grand Prior of the German Lieutenancy of the Equestrian Order of the Holy Sepulchre of Jerusalem.

German Bishops' Conference
The German Bishops' Conference (German: Deutsche Bischofskonferenz) is the episcopal conference of the bishops of the Catholic dioceses in Germany. Members include diocesan bishops, coadjutors, auxiliary bishops, and diocesan administrators.
Gianni and the Ogre
Gianni and the Ogre is a 1971 anthology of 18 fairy tales that have been collected and retold by Ruth Manning-Sanders. It is one in a long series of such anthologies by Manning-Sanders. This book was first published in the United Kingdom in 1970, by Methuen & Co. Ltd.

According to the dust jacket, all of the tales originated in the Mediterranean and the author's tales create "a lively fantasy world of kings and princesses, witches and dwarfs, fairies and fools."

Ruth Manning-Sanders
Ruth Manning-Sanders (21 August 1886 – 12 October 1988) was an English poet and author born in Wales, known for a series of children's books for which she collected and related fairy tales worldwide. She published over 90 books in her lifetime.
Valla Sadhya
Valla Sadya is a celebration in the Hindu temple at Aranmula, Kerala, India. During the festival, the village conducts a snake boat race in the Pampa River, and there is a feast at the temple. The Valla Sadhya is conducted on Ashtamirohoni day. During Valla Sadhya, Krishna, the main deity worshipped in the temple, will come to take the offerings from people. The legend is that in a Valla Sadya all dishes asked for must be given to the people in order to please the lord.

Vallam kali
Vallam kali (vaḷḷaṃ kaḷi, literally: boat game), also known as snake boat race, is a traditional boat race held in the Punnamada Lake of Kerala, India. It is a form of canoe racing and uses paddled war canoes. These races typically take place during the monsoon season, from July to September, and are closely associated with the Onam festival.
British Guinea
British Guinea, or the Colony of Bolama and Bolama River, was a colony of the United Kingdom in West Africa. Its capital was in the city of Bolama.

The colony was founded in 1792, but was incorporated, after arbitration, into Portuguese Guinea in 1870. It comprised the islands adjacent to the island of Bolama, in the Bijagós Archipelago, and the strips of land on the banks of the Buba River.

Its territories are currently components of the independent nation Guinea-Bissau.

Philip Beaver
Philip Beaver (28 February 1766 – 5 April 1813) was an officer of the Royal Navy, serving during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.  He played a varied and active role in several notable engagements, and served under a number of the most notable figures of the Navy of the age.
Siege of Mons (1709)
The siege of Mons took place between 19 September and 23 October 1709 during the War of the Spanish Succession. It saw a Franco-Spanish garrison in the fortified town of Mons, then in the Spanish Netherlands, besieged by a force of the Duke of Marlborough's Grand Alliance army under the command of the Prince of Orange.

The attempt of the French Duke of Villars to relieve the siege resulted in the costly Allied victory at the Battle of Malplaquet on 11 September 1709. Following the battle, greater numbers of Allied soldiers under Eugene of Savoy joined the besieging army from late September. The Franco-Spanish garrison capitulated the following month. Owing to high Allied and French losses at Malplaquet, the capture of Mons was the final significant engagement of the campaign of 1709.

Claude Louis Hector de Villars, 1st Duke of Villars
Claude Louis Hector de Villars, Prince of Martigues, Marquis then (1st) Duke of Villars, Viscount of Melun (French pronunciation: [klod lwi ɛktɔʁ də vilaʁ], 8 May 1653 – 17 June 1734) was a French military commander and an illustrious general of Louis XIV. He was one of only six Marshals to have been promoted Marshal General of France. Villars is considered one of the great military commanders produced by his time.
Ricardo Martínez de Hoyos
Ricardo Martínez de Hoyos (October 28, 1918 – January 11, 2009) was a Mexican painter noted for his figurative work on unreal atmospheres. He was one of several children from a very large family to make a mark in his field, along with Oliverio in sculpture and Jorge in acting. His work was exhibited in various parts of the world, featured in collective tours of Mexican art. Individually, he exhibited mostly in Mexico including important venues such as the Museo de Arte Moderno and the Palacio de Bellas Artes, which held a tribute to the artist in 1994. Since his death, a cultural center named after him has been established in the historic center of Mexico City.

Museo de Arte Moderno
The Museo de Arte Moderno (MAM) is a museum dedicated to modern Mexican art located in Chapultepec Park in Mexico City.

The museum is part of the Instituto Nacional de Bellas Artes y Literatura and provides exhibitions of national and international contemporary artists.  The museum also hosts a permanent collection of art from Remedios Varo, Gelsen Gas, Frida Kahlo, Olga Costa, Diego Rivera, David Alfaro Siqueiros, José Clemente Orozco, Manuel Álvarez Bravo, Leonora Carrington, Rufino Tamayo, Juan Soriano, and Vicente Rojo Almazán.
Memphis Mad Dogs
The Memphis Mad Dogs were a Canadian football team that played the 1995 season in the Canadian Football League. The Mad Dogs were part of a failed attempt to expand the CFL into the United States. They played at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium.

The team's principal owner was Fred Smith, founder of FedEx.

Frederick W. Smith
Frederick Wallace Smith (August 11, 1944 – June 21, 2025) was an American business magnate and investor. He was the founder and chairman of FedEx Corporation, the world's largest express transportation company. Smith stepped down as CEO in June 2022 and was succeeded by Raj Subramaniam. Considered one of the most successful transportation entrepreneurs in the world, Smith had an estimated net worth of $5.3 billion at the time of his death according to Forbes.
NY's Finest
NY's Finest is the fourth studio album by hip hop producer and emcee Pete Rock. The album was Rock's first studio album since 2004's Soul Survivor II, and was released on February 26, 2008 through the Nature Sounds record label. The album's cover art was created by Fuse Green and inspired by the cover of James Brown's Hell. The instrumental version of the album was released on May 13, 2008 and includes two additional songs not available on the ordinary release; "It's So G" (which appeared with lyrics by Roc Marciano on the deluxe edition) and "When I Need It" (which later was released with lyrics by Pete Rock on the NBA Live 10 soundtrack).

Slum Village
Slum Village is an American hip hop group from Detroit, Michigan. The group was formerly composed of the rappers Baatin (1974–2009), T3, and rapper / producer J Dilla (1974–2006). J Dilla left in 2001 to pursue a solo career with MCA Records. Elzhi joined in his absence, after which Baatin also left due to health complications.

Following J Dilla's death in 2006 and Baatin's death in 2009, T3 remains the sole surviving member of the original lineup. Over its history the group has been through several line-up changes, which once included J Dilla's younger brother Illa J, but now the group exists as a duo of T3 and producer Young RJ.
Night in Tunisia (short story collection)
Night in Tunisia (1976) is the first book by Irish writer Neil Jordan. This collection of ten short stories was published by The Irish Writers Co-operative (Co-op Books) in Dublin, Ireland. The story's title is a jazz standard composed by Dizzy Gillespie. In 1979, the book won the Guardian Fiction Prize. It was then published by Writers and Readers in the UK and by George Braziller in the US.

Guardian Fiction Prize
The Guardian Fiction Prize was a literary award sponsored by The Guardian newspaper. Founded in 1965 by the Guardian's Literary Editor, W. L. Webb, and chaired by him until 1987, it recognized one fiction book per year written by a British or Commonwealth writer and published in the United Kingdom. The award ran for 33 years before being terminated.

In 1999, The Guardian replaced the Fiction Prize with the Guardian First Book Award, for début works of both fiction and non-fiction, which was discontinued in 2016, with the 2015 awards being the last.
Heel Stone
51°10′45″N 1°49′31″W﻿ / ﻿51.179305°N 1.825302°W﻿ / 51.179305; -1.825302

The Heel Stone is a single large block of sarsen stone standing within the Avenue outside the entrance of the Stonehenge earthwork in Wiltshire, England. In section it is sub-rectangular, with a minimum thickness of 2.4 metres (7 ft 10 in), rising to a tapered top about 4.7 metres (15 ft) high. Excavation has shown that a further 1.2 metres (3 ft 11 in) is buried in the ground.
It is 77.4 metres (254 ft) from the centre of Stonehenge circle. It leans towards the southwest nearly 27 degrees from the vertical. The stone has an overall girth of 7.6 metres (25 ft) and weighs about 35 tons. It is surrounded by the Heelstone Ditch.

Sarsen
Sarsen stones are silicified sandstone blocks found extensively across southern England on the Salisbury Plain and the Marlborough Downs in Wiltshire; in Kent; and in smaller quantities in Berkshire, Essex, Oxfordshire, Dorset, and Hampshire.
Great Pianists of the 20th Century – Alfred Brendel III
Great Pianists of the 20th Century - Alfred Brendel III is volume 14 of the Great Pianists of the 20th Century box set and is the third of three volumes dedicated to him. It features music by the composers Felix Mendelssohn, Carl Maria von Weber, Johannes Brahms, Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, and Ferruccio Busoni. It was issued in CD format in 1999.

Alfred Brendel
Alfred Brendel (5 January 1931 – 17 June 2025) was a Czech-born Austrian classical pianist, poet, author, composer and lecturer, based in London. He is noted for his performances of music by Ludwig van Beethoven, Franz Schubert, and Franz Liszt. He made three recordings of Beethoven's 32 piano sonatas and was the first pianist to record Beethoven's complete works for solo piano.
Quanah, Acme and Pacific Railway
Quanah, Acme and Pacific Railway (QA&P) was a 117-mile (188 km) freight railroad that operated between the Red River and Floydada, Texas, from 1902 until it was merged into the Burlington Northern Railroad in 1981.

Floydada, Texas
Floydada (/flɔɪˈdeɪdə/ floy-DAY-də) is a city in and the county seat of Floyd County, Texas, United States. This rural community lies on the High Plains of the Llano Estacado in West Texas and is sometimes referred to as the Pumpkin Capital of Texas. Its population was 2,675 at the 2020 census, down from 3,038 at the 2010 census and 3,676 at the 2000 census.
Welcome to My Heart
Welcome to My Heart is the second studio album by Australian singer-songwriter Angus Gill. It was released on 20 September 2020 on ABC/Universal. The album peaked at #2 on the ARIA Australian Country Albums Chart and was nominated for Traditional Country Album of the Year at the 2020 Country Music Awards of Australia.

Angus Gill
Angus Christopher Gill (born 5 February 1998) is an Australian singer-songwriter, comedian, producer and author from Wauchope in New South Wales. Gill is a Golden Guitar winner and an Australian Independent Country Music Award winner. He has had nineteen #1 songs on the Australian country music radio charts. In November 2019, Gill became one of the youngest Australian artists to perform on the Grand Ole Opry in Nashville, Tennessee.
Bowness railway station
Bowness was a station which served Bowness-on-Solway, a village in Cumbria on the English side of the Solway Firth. The station was opened on 8 August 1870 by the Caledonian Railway on a line constructed from the Caledonian Railway Main Line at Kirtlebridge across the Glasgow South Western Line, then forming the Solway Junction Railway over the Solway Viaduct to Brayton. The line had opened for freight from 13 September 1869.

Bowness-on-Solway
Bowness-on-Solway is a village in Cumbria, England, and in the historic county of Cumberland. It is situated to the west of Carlisle on the southern side of the Solway Firth estuary separating England and Scotland. The civil parish had a population of 1,126 at the 2011 census.  The western end of Hadrian's Wall is a notable tourist destination, though the Wall itself is no longer to be seen here above ground.  The west end start/ finish point of the Hadrian's Wall Path - an 84 mile (135 Km) long National Trail stretching coast to coast across northern England - is marked by a pavilion on the small coastal cliff at Bowness. The village is part of the Solway Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
Nymburk
Nymburk (Czech pronunciation: [ˈnɪmburk]; German: Nimburg, Neuenburg an der Elbe) is a town in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 16,000 inhabitants. It is situated on the Elbe River. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

Central Bohemian Region
The Central Bohemian Region (Czech: Středočeský kraj [ˈstr̝̊ɛdotʃɛskiː ˈkraj]; German: Mittelböhmische Region) is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the central part of its historical region of Bohemia. Its administrative centre is in the Czech capital Prague, which lies in the centre of the region. However, the city is not part of it but is a region of its own.

The Central Bohemian Region is in the centre of Bohemia. In terms of area, it is the largest region in the Czech Republic, with 11,014 km2, almost 14% of the total area of the country. It surrounds the country's capital, Prague, and borders Liberec Region (in the north), Hradec Králové Region (northeast), Pardubice Region (east), Vysočina Region (southeast), South Bohemian Region (south), Plzeň Region (west) and Ústí nad Labem Region (northwest).
Gabriel Pelletier
Gabriel Pelletier (born 1958 in Montreal, Quebec) is a Canadian film and television director. He is best known for his 1996 film Karmina, for which he was a Genie Award nominee for Best Screenplay and Best Director at the 18th Genie Awards in 1997.

His other credits have included the films L'Automne sauvage, Life After Love (La Vie après l'amour), My Aunt Aline, Shadows of the Past, Karmina 2 and Fear of Water (La Peur de l'eau), and episodes of the television series War of the Worlds, Sirens, Emily of New Moon and The Secret Adventures of Jules Verne. He has also directed music videos for Luc de Larochellière, Richard Séguin, Pierre Flynn, Marie-Denise Pelletier, René Simard and Daniel Lavoie.

In 2014, he signed to direct a film adaptation of Robert Girardi's 1997 novel Vaporetto 13.

Emily of New Moon (TV series)
Emily of New Moon is a Canadian television series based on the Emily of New Moon series of novels by Lucy Maud Montgomery. The series first aired on CBC Television in Canada from April 1, 1998 to June 6, 2000; it also aired on the Viva, Bravo! and Vision TV cable channels. In the United States, it aired on the Cookie Jar Toons block on This TV. The series was produced by Salter Street Films; the executive producers were Micheline Charest, Michael Donovan, and Ronald Weinberg as well as Marlene Matthews, Dale A. Andrews, and Matthew Nodella. The series consisted of three seasons of thirteen episodes and one season of seven episodes, for a total of forty-six episodes produced.
Excuse My Glove
Excuse My Glove is a 1936 British comedy sports film directed by Redd Davis and starring Len Harvey, Archie Pitt and Betty Ann Davies. It was produced by Alexander Film Productions. It was shot at Elstree Studios with sets designed by the art director Andrew Mazzei.

Len Harvey
Leonard Austen Harvey (11 July 1907 – 28 November 1976) was a British boxer. A great defensive boxer, he boxed at every weight division available at the time, from flyweight to heavyweight.  He became the light-heavyweight and heavyweight champion of the British Empire, and was recognised as world light-heavyweight champion in Britain from 1939 to 1942. Harvey was inducted into the International Boxing Hall of Fame in the class of 2008.
Mission (LDS Church)
A mission of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) is a geographical administrative area to which church missionaries are assigned. Almost all areas of the world are within the boundaries of an LDS Church mission, whether or not any of the church's missionaries live or proselytize in the area. As of July 2024, there were 450 missions of the church.

Orson Hyde
Orson Hyde (January 8, 1805 – November 28, 1878) was a leader in the early Latter Day Saint movement and a member of the first Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. He was the president of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 to 1875 and was a missionary of the LDS Church in the United States, Europe, and the Ottoman Empire.
Robert Hadfield
Sir Robert Abbott Hadfield, 1st Baronet FRS (28 November 1858 in Sheffield – 30 September 1940 in Surrey) was an English metallurgist, noted for his 1882 discovery of manganese steel, one of the first steel alloys.  He also invented silicon steel, initially for mechanical properties (patents in 1886) which have made the alloy a material of choice for springs and some fine blades, though it has also become important in electrical applications for its magnetic behaviour.

Mangalloy
Mangalloy, also called manganese steel or Hadfield steel, is an alloy steel containing an average of around 13% manganese. Mangalloy is known for its high impact strength and resistance to abrasion once in its work-hardened state.
2023 Chengdu Open
The 2023 Chengdu Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 5th edition of the Chengdu Open (the first since 2019 after intervening editions were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China) and part of the ATP Tour 250 series of the 2023 ATP Tour. It took place at the Sichuan International Tennis Center in Chengdu, China, from 20 to 26 September 2023.

Li Tu
Li Tu (born 27 May 1996) is an Australian professional tennis player. He has a career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 160, achieved on 14 July 2025 and a best doubles ranking of No. 189, achieved on 27 January 2025.
Universal wavefunction
The universal wavefunction or the wavefunction of the universe is the wavefunction or quantum state of the entire universe. It is regarded as the basic physical entity in the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics, and finds applications in quantum cosmology. It evolves deterministically according to a wave equation.

The concept of universal wavefunction was introduced by Hugh Everett in his 1956 PhD thesis draft The Theory of the Universal Wave Function. It later received investigation from James Hartle and Stephen Hawking who derived the Hartle–Hawking solution to the Wheeler–DeWitt equation to explain the initial conditions of the Big Bang cosmology.

Wheeler–DeWitt equation
The Wheeler–DeWitt equation for theoretical physics and applied mathematics, is a field equation attributed to John Archibald Wheeler and Bryce DeWitt. The equation attempts to mathematically combine the ideas of quantum mechanics and general relativity, a step towards a theory of quantum gravity.

In this approach, time plays a role different from what it does in non-relativistic quantum mechanics, leading to the so-called "problem of time". More specifically, the equation describes the quantum version of the Hamiltonian constraint using metric variables. Its commutation relations with the diffeomorphism constraints generate the Bergman–Komar "group" (which is the diffeomorphism group on-shell).