hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life
The Ankylosing Spondylitis Quality of Life (ASQoL) questionnaire is a patient-reported outcome (PRO) measure which assesses the quality of life of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. The ASQoL is based on the needs-based quality of life model. It is a self-administered questionnaire which contains 18 items and takes up to four minutes to complete.

Developed by Galen Research and published in 2003, the ASQoL has been used in clinical studies worldwide.  The content for the measure was drawn from qualitative interviews that were conducted with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients.  The draft version of the ASQoL was created and then went through several stages of testing to ensure it had good face validity, content validity, reproducibility and construct validity.

Patient-reported outcome
A patient-reported outcome (PRO) is a health outcome directly reported by the patient who experienced it. It stands in contrast to an outcome reported by someone else, such as a physician-reported outcome, a nurse-reported outcome, and so on. PRO methods, such as questionnaires, are used in clinical trials or other clinical settings, to help better understand a treatment's efficacy or effectiveness. The use of digitized PROs, or electronic patient-reported outcomes (ePROs), is on the rise in today's health research setting.
John Espey
John Jenkins Espey (15 January 1913 – 26 September 2000) was a novelist, memoirist and literary scholar, born in Shanghai where his parents were Presbyterian missionaries. Espey returned to the United States to study at Occidental College in 1930, then went to Merton College, Oxford, as a Rhodes Scholar in 1935. In 1938, he became a member of the faculty at his alma mater, then taught in the English Department at UCLA from 1948 until his death.

Decorative Designers
Decorative Designers AKA "DD" (1895–1931) was an American firm of artists, each of whom designed various aspects of books and other publications, "an early example of division of labor in creative work."  The "DD" monogram appears on more than 25,000 book covers, dust jackets, and text decorations of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  In 1906, they had offices at 38 Union Square, New York City.
Sengaon
Sengaon is a town  and a nagarpanchayat in Hingoli subdivision of the Hingoli district, in the Indian state of Maharashtra.
It is the holy place of Saint Appaswami Maharaj.Pusegaon is very important and economically main region of taluka.
It is located on the bank of Kayadhu River which continues in Purna and then Godavari River.  Sengaon is surrounded by range of Hingoli hills.  'Amli Bars' and 'Bhulabai' are festivals celebrated in this region.

Hingoli district
Hingoli district (Marathi pronunciation: [ɦiŋɡoliː]) is an administrative district in the state of Maharashtra in India. The district is headquartered at Hingoli. The district occupies an area of 4,526 km2 and has a population of 11,77,345 of which 15.60% were urban (as of 2011). Hingoli was actually known as the Nizams military base as it was bordered with Vidharbha. In that era military troops, hospitals, veterinary hospital were in operation from Hingoli. Being a military base the city was one of the important and famous places of the Hyderabad state. One of the twelve Jyotirlinga shrines, the Aundha Nagnath is located in Hingoli district about 25 km south-west from district headquarter.

As of 2011 it is the third least populous district of Maharashtra (out of 36), after Sindhudurg and Gadchiroli.
Hoel Mountains
The Hoel Mountains are a group of mountains including the Weyprecht Mountains and the Payer Mountains in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. They were first photographed from the air and plotted by the Third German Antarctic Expedition (1938–39), mapped by Norwegian cartographers from surveys and air photos by the Sixth Norwegian Antarctic Expedition (1956–60) and named for Adolf Hoel, a Norwegian geologist and Arctic explorer, leader and member of many expeditions to Greenland and Spitsbergen since 1907.

Adolf Hoel
Adolf Hoel (15 May 1879 – 19 February 1964) was a Norwegian geologist, environmentalist and Polar region researcher. He led several scientific expeditions to Svalbard and Greenland. Hoel has been described as one of the most iconic and influential figures in Norwegian polar exploration in the first half of the 20th century, alongside Fridtjof Nansen and Roald Amundsen. His focus on and research of the polar areas has been largely credited as the reason Norway has sovereignty over Svalbard and Queen Maud Land in the Antarctica.

Hoel was the founding director of the Norwegian Polar Institute and served as rector of the University of Oslo and as President of the Norwegian Society for the Conservation of Nature.
Kylling Bridge
The Kylling Bridge (Norwegian: Kylling bru) is a railway bridge in Rauma Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway.  The bridge crosses the Rauma River near the village of Verma in the upper part of the Romsdalen valley. The bridge is part of a double horseshoe curve that allows the railway to pass a narrow and steep section of the valley. It is one of the most photographed railway bridges in Norway. The Kylling Bridge is 76 metres (249 ft) long. The main span is 42 metres (138 ft), and side spans are 10 metres (33 ft) and 8 metres (26 ft). The clearance to the river below is 59.3 metres (195 ft).

The construction of the Kylling Bridge started in September 1913. After almost 9 years, the bridge was finally finished in the winter of 1921. The Rauma Line railway opened on 29 November 1924.  The Kylling Bridge cost 676,000 kr.

Horseshoe curve
A horseshoe curve is a class of climbing curve in a roadbed that reverses turn direction (inflection) twice on either side of a single tight curve that varies through an angle of about 180 degrees or more.

Such curves are more commonly found in a railway line but are also used in roads.  The characteristic U shape, or even slight balloon shape, of such a curve resembles a horseshoe. On roadways, particularly tight versions of such curves are typically called hairpin turns.
March of Friuli
The March of Friuli was a Carolingian frontier march, centered in the historical region of Friuli (corresponding mainly to the modern province of Friuli-Venezia Giulia in north-eastern Italy). Since the Frankish conquest and pacification of the Lombard Kingdom in 774-776, the Duchy of Friuli was placed under the administration of Frankish dukes and gradually expanded towards eastern territories, serving as the main frontier march against the Slavs and Avars. It was reorganized in 828, and its central region (Friuli) was placed under administration of local counts, later margraves. In 843, the region was attached to the Middle Francia, and governed by margraves (sometimes also referred as dukes) from the house of Unruochings. The region remained linked to the Carolingian and post-Carolingian Italy until 952, when it was ceded to the Duchy of Bavaria as the March of Verona. Its core territory comprised parts of modern-day Italy and Slovenia.

March (territory)
In medieval Europe, a march or mark was, in broad terms, any kind of borderland, as opposed to a state's "heartland". More specifically, a march was a border between realms or a neutral buffer zone under joint control of two states in which different laws might apply. In both of these senses, marches served a political purpose, such as providing warning of military incursions or regulating cross-border trade.

Marches gave rise to the titles marquess (masculine) or marchioness (feminine).
New Looney Tunes
New Looney Tunes (originally titled Wabbit: A Looney Tunes Production in the United States, and Bugs! in some markets for its first season) is an American animated television series from Warner Bros. Animation based on the characters from Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies. The series debuted on September 21, 2015, on Cartoon Network, and continued with new episodes beginning on October 5, 2015, on Boomerang. Partway through the first season, new episodes would premiere on Boomerang's video on demand service before airing on television.

On May 23, 2018, the Boomerang streaming service announced that New Looney Tunes would continue into 2019, with the third season being the show's last. The final episodes were released on January 30, 2020. The series was followed by the more traditionally formatted Looney Tunes Cartoons on May 27, 2020, which is streaming on HBO Max.

Foghorn Leghorn
Foghorn Leghorn is a cartoon character, an anthropomorphic rooster who appears in Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies cartoons and films from Warner Bros. Animation. He was created by Robert McKimson, and starred in 29 cartoons from 1946 to 1964 in the golden age of American animation. All 29 of these cartoons were directed by McKimson.

Foghorn Leghorn's first appearance was in the 1946 Henery Hawk short Walky Talky Hawky. Foghorn's voice was created and originally performed by Mel Blanc and was later voiced by Jeff Bergman, Joe Alaskey, Greg Burson, Frank Gorshin, Jeff Bennett, Bill Farmer, and Eric Bauza.
Medolago
Medolago (Bergamasque: Medulàch) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of Milan and about 14 kilometres (9 mi) southwest of Bergamo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,231 and an area of 3.8 square kilometres (1.5 sq mi).

Medolago borders the following municipalities: Calusco d'Adda, Chignolo d'Isola, Cornate d'Adda, Paderno d'Adda, Solza, Suisio, Terno d'Isola.

Province of Bergamo
The province of Bergamo (Italian: provincia di Bergamo; Bergamasque: proìnsa de Bèrghem) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Bergamo. The province has a population of 1,103,768 (2023), an area of 2,754.91 square kilometers (1,063.68 sq mi), and contains 242 comuni (municipalities).
Viva la Vega
Viva La Vega is a Live DVD featuring the Norwegian alternative rock band Kaizers Orchestra produced by the Norwegian company Amazon Film. It features their concert at Vega in Copenhagen, Denmark on 6 October 2005, as well as documentaries, music videos, a biography, and stills. The DVD features all the songs Kaizers recorded in 2005, whether as part of the concert itself or as background music for the extras.

Kaizers Orchestra
Kaizers Orchestra is a Norwegian alternative rock band formed in Bergen on 1 January 2000. They are notable for being among the first non-black-metal Norwegian artists singing in their native language to become popular beyond Scandinavia.

In 2012, the group announced that following a 2013 "Farewell Tour", they would take a long break. Their final concert was held on 14 September 2013 at DNB Arena in Stavanger, and was also streamed live online. In November 2022, following weeks of teasers and speculation, the band confirmed a reunion and comeback tour scheduled for 2023.
PhoneShop
PhoneShop is a British sitcom that was first broadcast on Channel 4 as a television pilot on 13 November 2009, as part of the channel's Comedy Showcase season of comedy pilots. It was then followed by a six-episode series that was commissioned on E4 and broadcasting began on 7 October 2010.

Juliet Cowan
Juliet Cowan is a television, film and stage actress from Northern Ireland. Cowan has had various TV guest star roles in long-running shows such as EastEnders, Silent Witness, and Casualty. Cowan has also had a recurring role in the CBBC show The Sarah Jane Adventures, This Life, and BBC comedy Back to Life.
Lee Keun-shik
Lee Keun-shik (Korean: 이근식, born 10 February 1946) is a South Korean politician.

Born in Goseong, South Gyeongsang, Lee studied law at Seoul National University. After passing the Civil Service Examination in 1971, he started his career at the Economic Planning Board (now as the Ministry of Economy and Finance). He served as the mayor of Geoje, Deputy Governor of South Gyeongsang, Secretary to the President for Civil Affairs, Deputy Minister of Home Affairs and Minister of Interior. He was also the one-term Member of the National Assembly from 2004 to 2008.

Lee had received an honorary degree from Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages in Uzbekistan. On 8 March 2020, he was elected as the President of the Open Democratic Party. He resigned on 19 April following the party's poor performance in 2020 election.

Open Democratic Party
The Open Democratic Party (Korean: 열린민주당, romanized: Yeollin minju-dang) is a liberal political party in South Korea formed on 8 March 2020. The party was absorbed back into the Democratic Party of Korea on 14 January 2022. The party was later revived in 2023 and ran in the 2024 South Korean legislative election as part of the New Progressive Alliance.
Meera (1992 film)
Meera is a 1992 Indian Tamil-language film directed by P. C. Sreeram in his directorial debut and written by M. R. Bharathi. The film stars Aishwarya as the titlular character along with Vikram,  while Tarun, Poornam Viswanathan, Gandhimathi, Janagaraj, and Chinni Jayanth play supporting roles. Nassar and Sarathkumar make friendly appearances, and the latter has a cameo appearance. The music was composed by Ilaiyaraaja with cinematography by P. C. Sreeram and editing by B. Lenin and V. T. Vijayan. The film was released on 18 December 1992,  and failed at the box office.

Tarun (Telugu actor)
Tarun Kumar (born 8 January 1981) is an Indian actor known for his works predominantly in Telugu cinema, with appearances in a few Tamil and Malayalam films.

Tarun began his career as a child actor and received the National Film Award for Best Child Artist for his performance in Anjali (1990), directed by Mani Ratnam. He has also won the Nandi Award for Best Child Actor three times.

He made his debut as a lead actor with Nuvve Kavali (2000) and starred in successful films like Priyamaina Neeku (2001), Nuvvu Leka Nenu Lenu (2002), Punnagai Desam (2002), Nuvve Nuvve (2002), Ninne Ishtapaddanu (2003), and Nava Vasantham (2007).
Masters of Sex
Masters of Sex is an American period drama television series that premiered on September 29, 2013, on Showtime. It was developed by Michelle Ashford and loosely based on Thomas Maier's biography Masters of Sex. Set in the 1950s through the late 1960s, the series tells the story of Masters and Johnson (Dr. William Masters and Virginia Johnson) who are portrayed by Michael Sheen and Lizzy Caplan, respectively. The series has received critical acclaim. It was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Drama Series in 2013. The series was canceled by Showtime on November 30, 2016, after four seasons.

Beau Bridges
Lloyd Vernet "Beau" Bridges III (born December 9, 1941) is an American actor. He is a three-time Emmy, two-time Golden Globe and one-time Grammy Award winner, as well as a two-time Screen Actors Guild Award nominee. Bridges also has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to television. He is the son of actor Lloyd Bridges and the elder brother of fellow actor Jeff Bridges.
Anning Smith Prall
Anning Smith Prall (September 17, 1870 – July 23, 1937) was an American businessman and politician who served 6-terms as a U.S. Representative from New York from 1923 to 1935.

He was born in Port Richmond, Staten Island and the first chief commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Prall served as a member and chairman of the FCC from January 15, 1935, until his death in 1937 at his summer home in Boothbay Harbor, Maine.

Boothbay Harbor, Maine
Boothbay Harbor is a town in Lincoln County, Maine, United States. The population was 2,027 at the 2020 census. It includes the neighborhoods of Mount Pisgah, and Sprucewold, the Bayville and West Boothbay Harbor villages, the Isle of Springs summer colony, and the Boothbay Harbor census-designated place. Boothbay Harbor is surrounded by the larger town of Boothbay. During summer months, it is a popular yachting and tourist destination.
UH 25
UH 25 is a fuel mixture for rockets. It was developed for the European Ariane 2–4 launch vehicles.

UH 25 was developed after a disaster during flight 2 of the Ariane 1 rocket. During launch, one of the four Viking engines on the first stage developed a combustion instability which led to an engine fire, subsequent explosion and destruction of the vehicle. Following this event and starting with Ariane 2, the fuel was changed from pure UDMH to the mixture UH 25.

UH 25 was used in Ariane rocket versions 2 through 4, and in the Indian GSLV Mk III.

UH 25 is a mixture of 75% UDMH and 25% hydrazine hydrate. It is hypergolic with dinitrogen tetroxide as oxidizer, and both can be stored as liquids at room temperature.

Hypergolic propellant
A hypergolic propellant is a rocket engine propellant, the components of which spontaneously ignite upon contact with each other.

The two components usually consist of a fuel and an oxidizer. The advantages of hypergolic propellants are that they can be stored at room temperature, and that rocket engines can be ignited reliably and repeatedly. Common hypergolic propellants are difficult to handle due to high toxicity or corrosiveness.

In contemporary usage, the terms "hypergol" and "hypergolic propellant" usually refer to the most common combination: dinitrogen tetroxide plus hydrazine.
Day 21
Day 21 were a short-lived English punk rock group, led by Jimmy Pursey.

On 21 January 2008, Pursey announced that, due to ongoing confusion to fans, he would no longer be associated with the name Sham 69, and that his new band would perform under the name Day 21.

The new band played their debut gig at Clockwork Marmalade, and frontman Pursey was backed by Mat Sargent (also from Sham 69) on bass, The Rev (The Prodigy and Towers of London) on guitar, and Snell (Towers of London) on drums.

In 2011, Pursey disbanded Day 21 and reformed the original line-up of Sham 69.

Jimmy Pursey
James Timothy Pursey (born 9 February 1955) is an English rock musician. He is the founder and frontman of the punk rock band Sham 69, which he has performed with since 1976, along with releasing material as a solo artist.
Dukagjin, Kukës
Dukagjin (Albanian pronunciation: [duka'ɟin]; Albanian definite form: Dukagjini) is a village in the former municipality of Malzi in Kukës County, Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Kukës.

Malzi
Malzi (Albanian pronunciation: [malzi]; Albanian definite form: Malziu) is a former municipality in Kukës County, Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became a subdivision of the municipality Kukës. The population at the 2023 census was 1,616.

The region is mentioned by Albanologist Robert Elsie in a 2015 book by him as one of the 69 different tribes in northern Albania.
Ashland Elementary School (Kansas)
Ashland Elementary School, also known as Ashland Grade School (according to its National Register of Historic Places listing), is a public elementary school in Ashland, Kansas. It is a part of USD 220 Ashland Public Schools.

Located at 210 W. 7th St. in Ashland, Kansas, was built in 1937 with Public Works Administration funding.  It was listed on the NRHP in 2005.

It is a two-story red brick building designed with elements of Classical Revival style.  It has a flat roof with a parapet with stone detailing.

It was deemed significant "as the public grade school in Ashland, an important component in the development and survival of the small rural community in southwest Kansas....and also significant ... as a representative of a New Deal Era school and the
work of regional school architect Glen H. Thomas."

Glen H. Thomas
Glen H. Thomas FAIA (July 9, 1889 – November 19, 1962) was an American architect in practice in Wichita, Kansas from 1919 until his death in 1962. The firm Thomas founded in 1919 celebrated its hundreth anniversary in 2019 and now (2024) is known as TESSERE.
Aminata Mbengue Ndiaye
Aminata Mbengue Ndiaye is a Senegalese politician. In 2012, she was appointed Minister of Livestock and Animal Production in the government of Prime Minister Abdou Mbaye and from 2014 under the government of Prime Minister Mahammad Boun Abdallah Dionne until 5 April 2019, when she was named Minister of Fishery and Maritime Economy Ministre des Pêches et de l’Economie maritime. She also serves as mayor of Louga, and is currently chair of the women's movement of the Socialist Party of Senegal. Previously, Ndiaye served as Minister of Women, Children and the Family, as well as Minister of Social Development and National Solidarity under the presidency of Abdou Diouf.

Ndiaye is a member of the Pan-African Parliament.

Louga
Louga (Arabic: لوجا; Wolof: Luga) is a city in northwestern Senegal.  Louga is a cattle market centre, and has road and rail links with the port city of Saint-Louis to the northwest and Dakar to the southwest.  The area surrounding Louga is at the northern limits of Senegal's peanut- (groundnut-) growing area and is inhabited by the Fulani, who are generally pastoral nomads, and the Wolof, who are sedentary farmers. Louga is located in what is called the Ndiambour, which used to be part of the Cayor province.

In 2013, according to official figures from the National Agency for Statistics and Demography (ANSD), Louga had a population of 104,000 inhabitants.
Clear Lake (Galveston Bay)
Clear Lake is a brackish harbor located near Houston, Texas, U.S., in Harris County. The lake feeds Galveston Bay. It is bordered by Houston (Clear Lake City), Pasadena, League City, Clear Lake Shores, Taylor Lake Village, Seabrook and El Lago, Texas. NASA's Johnson Space Center lies near its shores.

The lake is a major recreation center and home to one of the largest concentrations of recreational boats and marinas in the nation. The communities surrounding the lake, known collectively as the Clear Lake Area, contain a large base of tourism and high-tech businesses.

Pasadena, Texas
Pasadena (/ˌpæsəˈdiːnə/) is a city in the U.S. state of Texas, located in Harris County. It is part of the Houston–The Woodlands–Sugar Land metropolitan area. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the city's population was 151,950, making it the 23rd most populous city in Texas and the second most populous in Harris County, after Houston. The area was founded in 1893 by John H. Burnett of Galveston, who named the area after Pasadena, California, because of the perceived lush vegetation.
Seven for a Secret
Seven for a Secret is a 1922 romance novel by the British writer Mary Webb. She wrote to Thomas Hardy asking if she might dedicate the novel to him, to which he agreed. As with her other novels it takes place in her native Shropshire. The title is taken from the traditional nursery rhyme One for Sorrow.

Mary Webb
Mary Gladys Webb (25 March 1881 – 8 October 1927) was an English romance novelist and poet of the early 20th century, whose work is set chiefly in the Shropshire countryside and among Shropshire characters and people whom she knew. Her novels have been successfully dramatized, most notably the film Gone to Earth in 1950 by Michael Powell and Emeric Pressburger based on the novel of the same title.
Go Away (Omar Apollo song)
"Go Away" is a song by American singer Omar Apollo from his debut studio album Ivory (2022). It was released in the United States on July 8, 2021. "Go Away" details the narrator pleading with his lover not to leave him and dreading to say goodbye. The song was written by Apollo and co-produced with Carter Lang and Chromeo.

Omar Apollo
Omar Apolonio Velasco (born May 20, 1997), known professionally as Omar Apollo, is an American singer, songwriter, and actor. After signing a record deal with Warner Records, his debut album, Ivory, was released in 2022 to positive reviews and earned him a Grammy Award nomination for Best New Artist at the 65th Annual Grammy Awards. Apollo sings in both English and Spanish.