hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph Pichler (painter)
Joseph Pichler (May 9, 1730 – December 15, 1808) was an Austrian painter, best known for his frescoes.

Pichler was born in the Carinthian village of Kötschach, which he left in 1752 to study at the Academy of Fine Arts in Vienna. Pichler remained primarily known for the frescoes commissioned by his long-time client Wenzel Anton, Prince of Kaunitz-Rietberg. Pichler applied frescoes in Kaunitz's Slavkov Castle (located in Slavkov u Brna), the castle's chapel, and the Palais Kaunitz-Wittgenstein, where he painted the frescoes in the stairwell and the banquet hall. Pichler also worked for the Habsburg royal family, for whom he created the frescoes in the so-called Blauer Hof and probably also in adjunct buildings in their summer residence in Laxenburg. As a reward for his work, Pichler was ennobled.

In 1808, Pichler died in Lerchenfeld, which used to be an independent municipality but is nowadays in the territory of Vienna.

Palais Kaunitz-Wittgenstein
The Palais Kaunitz-Wittgenstein (at Münchendorferstraße 2) is a Baroque palace built in 1703 in Laxenburg, Lower Austria. Initially used as a summer residence, the palace also served as a museum, an educational institute, and a community center. Since 2010 the palace is the headquarters of the International Anti-Corruption Academy (IACA).
Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development (Colombia)
The Ministry of Environment and Sustainable Development (Spanish: Ministerio de Ambiente y Desarrollo Sostenible) is the national executive ministry of the Government of Colombia in charge of formulating, implementing, and orienting environmental policy to ensure the sustainable development of the country.

Council of Ministers of Colombia
The Council of Ministers of the Republic of Colombia is composed of the most senior appointed politicians of the executive branch of the Government of Colombia. Members of the Cabinet are generally the heads of a Ministry Department. The existence of the Cabinet dates back to the first president, Simón Bolívar. These members were appointed in order to advise the president, and are therefore required to assist him in his duties as stated by the Colombian Constitution.
Busman's Honeymoon (film)
Busman's Honeymoon (US: Haunted Honeymoon) is a 1940 British detective film directed by Arthur B. Woods. An adaptation of the 1937 Lord Peter Wimsey novel Busman's Honeymoon by Dorothy L. Sayers, Busman's Honeymoon stars Robert Montgomery, Constance Cummings, Leslie Banks, Googie Withers, Robert Newton and Seymour Hicks as Mervyn Bunter.

Googie Withers
Georgette Lizette "Googie" Withers (12 March 1917 – 15 July 2011) was an English entertainer. She was a dancer and actress, with a lengthy career spanning some 73 years in theatre, film, and television. She was a well-known actress and star of British films during and after the Second World War.

She often featured in British productions, primarily in films with actor and producer John McCallum, whom she married and, in the late 1950s, emigrated together to her husband's native Australia, where they became best known in theatre. During the 1970s, she played prison governor Faye Boswell in the TV series Within These Walls, and continued to feature in films. She won the inaugural British Academy Television Award for Best Actress in 1955.
The Medicine Man (Dallin)
The Medicine Man is an 1899 bronze equestrian statue by Cyrus Edwin Dallin located on Dauphin Street, west of 33rd Street, in Fairmount Park in Philadelphia. The statue portrays an indigenous American medicine man.

The Medicine Man is the second of four prominent sculptures of indigenous people on horseback known as The Epic of the Indian, which also includes A Signal of Peace (1890), Protest of the Sioux (1904), and Appeal to the Great Spirit (1908).

Cyrus Edwin Dallin
Cyrus Edwin Dallin (November 22, 1861 – November 14, 1944) was an American sculptor best known for his depictions of Native Americans. He created more than 260 works, including the Equestrian Statue of Paul Revere in Boston; the Angel Moroni atop Salt Lake Temple in Salt Lake City; and Appeal to the Great Spirit (1908), at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston. He was also an accomplished painter and an Olympic archer.
Karl Gutzkow
Karl Ferdinand Gutzkow ((1811-03-17)17 March 1811 in Berlin – (1878-12-16)16 December 1878 in Sachsenhausen) was a German writer and dramatist who promoted political and social reformism. He studied philosophy and theology with Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and Friedrich Schleiermacher, and his early works, like the novel Maha-Guru, Geschichte eines Gottes (1833), were satirical. His 1835 novel Wally, die Zweiflerin led to his imprisonment and suppression, marking the start of the Young Germany movement. His plays, especially Uriel Acosta (1847, based on Uriel da Costa), influenced German and Yiddish theater.

Uriel da Costa
Uriel da Costa (Portuguese: [uɾiˈɛl dɐ ˈkɔʃtɐ]; also Acosta or d'Acosta; c. 1585 – April 1640) was a Portuguese Sephardi philosopher who was born a New Christian but returned to Judaism, whereupon he questioned the Catholic and rabbinic orthodoxies of his time. This led him into conflict with both Christian and Jewish institutions: his books were placed on the Index Librorum Prohibitorum and several Jewish authorities excommunicated him. His iconoclastic life culminated in suicide in c. 1640.
The Zulu Principle
The Zulu Principle: Making Extraordinary Profits from Ordinary Shares (Zulu: Umgomo WesiZulu: Ukwenza Inzuzo Engavamile Ngamasheya Avamile) is an investment guide written by English accountant and investor Jim Slater, first published by Orion in 1992. Slater named his approach to investment when he observed that after reading a short article on the Zulu people in the Reader's Digest his wife was better informed on the subject than he himself was. He went on to consider that if his wife read all the books she could find on the subject of Zulus, coupled with a visit to South Africa to meet them for herself, then in a relatively short period of time she could become one of the leading authorities on that "clearly defined and narrow area of knowledge".

The Zulu Principle was republished in 2008 by Harriman House, with a new preface from the author.

Jim Slater (accountant)
James Derrick Slater (13 March 1929 – 18 November 2015) was a British accountant, investor and business writer. Slater rose to prominence in the 1970s as a businessman and financier, who was the founding Chairman of  Slater Walker, an investment bank and conglomerate which collapsed in the secondary banking crisis of 1973–75.
East African Professional Hunter's Association
The East African Professional Hunter's Association (EAPHA) was an organization of East African white hunters founded in Nairobi, Kenya in 1934.  Well known members included Philip Percival, Harry Selby, Sydney Downey and Donald Ker. Their motto was nec timor nec temeritas, or "neither fear nor foolhardiness".  The Association formed out of a desire to regulate hunting in the wake of technological developments like the safari vehicle, which had made accessing remote hunting areas much easier.  During its existence it was able to accomplish much to conserve East African wildlife and become perhaps one of the most respected societies in the world of its kind.  The Association was disbanded in 1977 when Kenya outlawed all big game hunting. The association's official records are held at the University of Florida, with selected photos and typescript documents available online.

Philip Percival
Philip Hope Percival (1886–1966) was an English-born renowned white hunter and early safari guide in colonial Kenya. During his career, he guided Theodore Roosevelt, Baron Rothschild, and Ernest Hemingway on African hunts. Hemingway modelled the fictional hunter Robert Wilson in his story "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber" after Percival. Percival also worked with well-known white hunters like Bror von Blixen-Finecke and mentored Sydney Downey and Harry Selby, and was known in African hunting circles as the "Dean of Hunters".
Lőrinc Wathay
Lőrinc Wathay (? - 1573) was a Hungarian nobleman and castellan of Csesznek.

He served as a military officer in Kassa and Transylvania and after Bálint Török was captured by the Ottomans, King Ferdinand I appointed him castellan of Csesznek. Wathay fortified the castle and strengthened the guard, thus he was able to repel the Turkish siege in 1561.

He died in an accident in 1573, when an old cannon exploded in the castle.

His wife was Klára Csabi, and their son Ferenc Wathay was also a famous commander and author of the Songbook of Ferenc Wathay.

Csesznek
Csesznek (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈt͡ʃɛsnɛk]; German: Zeßnegg, Croatian: Česneg, Slovak: Česnek) is a village in Zirc District, Veszprém county, Hungary. The village is known for its medieval castle.
Athina Anastasaki
Athina Anastasaki (Greek: Αθηνά Αναστασάκη; born 1988) is a Greek chemist who is a professor at ETH Zurich. Her research considers chemical synthesis and radical polymerisation. She was awarded the 2022 Ruzicka Prize in recognition of her research in chemistry.

David Haddleton
David Mark Haddleton (born 1962) is a professor in the department of chemistry at The University of Warwick. Haddleton’s work focuses on controlled polymer synthesis and the industrial applications of polymer materials. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry.
Christofides algorithm
The Christofides algorithm or Christofides–Serdyukov algorithm is an algorithm for finding approximate solutions to the travelling salesman problem, on instances where the distances form a metric space (they are symmetric and obey the triangle inequality).
It is an approximation algorithm that guarantees that its solutions will be within a factor of 3/2 of the optimal solution length, and is named after Nicos Christofides and Anatoliy Serdyukov (Russian: Анатолий Иванович Сердюков). Christofides published the algorithm in 1976; Serdyukov discovered it independently in 1976 but published it in 1978.

Nicos Christofides
Nicos Christofides (born 1942 in Cyprus; died 2019) was a Cypriot mathematician and professor of financial mathematics at Imperial College London.

Christofides studied electrical engineering at Imperial College London, where he also received his PhD in 1966 (dissertation: The origin of load losses in induction motors with cast aluminium rotors). He was briefly with Associated Electrical Industries and then again at Imperial College.

In 1976, he devised the Christofides algorithm, an algorithm for finding approximate solutions to the travelling salesman problem. The Christofides algorithm is considered "groundbreaking" and has collected over 2200 citations.

In 1982, he rejoined Imperial College London as a professor of operations research. In 1990, he was the co-founder and director of the Centre for Quantitative Finance (now the Institute for Financial Engineering). Christofides became Professor Emeritus of Quantitative Finance at Imperial College London in 2009. He died in 2019.
Washington Terminal Company
The Washington Terminal Company (reporting mark WATC) is a corporation created in Washington, D.C., United States, to provide support to railroads using Washington's Union Station. It is now a nearly wholly owned subsidiary of Amtrak.

It was established in 1901 by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and the Pennsylvania Railroad-controlled Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington Railroad.

The Washington Terminal Company owned and operated Union Station (opened in 1907) and about 5 miles (8.0 km) of track in the Washington area, providing switching services for passenger trains using the station or passing through the area:

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O)

Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR)

Chesapeake and Ohio Railway (C&O)

Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad (RF&P)

Southern Railway (SOU)

Atlantic Coast Line Railroad (ACL)

Seaboard Air Line Railroad (SAL)

Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington Railroad
The Philadelphia, Baltimore and Washington Railroad (PB&W) was a railroad that operated in Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland, and the District of Columbia from 1902 until 1976. A key component of the Pennsylvania Railroad (PRR) system, its 131-mile (211 km) main line ran between Philadelphia and Washington.: 228  The PB&W main line is now part of the Northeast Corridor, owned by Amtrak.
Smile (Mai Kuraki album)
Smile is the eleventh studio album by Japanese singer and songwriter Mai Kuraki. The album was released on February 15, 2017, by Northern Music. It is the follow-up to her 2014 compilation album, Mai Kuraki Best 151A: Love & Hope. The album was released on three editions: standard edition, fan club edition, and limited edition, which is accompanied with a bonus disc. Smile

The album was preceded by three singles, "Serendipity", "Sawage Life", and "Yesterday Love", which was released as the video single and peaked at number six in Japan. To promote the album, Kuraki embarked on the national tour, "Mai Kuraki Live Project 2017 "Sawage Life"" from March 18, 2017.

Yesterday Love
"Yesterday Love" (stylized as "YESTERDAY LOVE") is a song by Japanese singer songwriter Mai Kuraki, taken from her eleventh studio album Smile (2017). It was released on January 11, 2017 digitally and as a video single by Northern Music. The song was used as the ending fifty-third theme to the animation TV program Case Closed.
Something Money Can't Buy
Something Money Can't Buy is a 1952 British comedy drama film directed by Pat Jackson and starring Patricia Roc, Anthony Steel and Moira Lister. It was written by Jackson and J.L. Hodson, and distributed by Rank's General Film Distributors. In America it was released by Universal Pictures in 1953.

Anthony Steel (actor)
Anthony Maitland Steel (21 May 1920 – 21 March 2001) was an English actor and singer who appeared in British war films of the 1950s such as The Wooden Horse (1950) and Where No Vultures Fly (1951). He was also known for his tumultuous marriage to Anita Ekberg.

He was described as "a glorious throwback to the Golden Age of Empire... the perfect imperial actor, born out of his time, blue-eyed, square-jawed, clean-cut." As another writer put it, "whenever a chunky dependable hero was required to portray grace under pressure in wartime or the concerns of a game warden in a remote corner of the empire, Steel was sure to be called upon." Another said "Never as popular as Stewart Granger or as versatile as Kenneth More, he enjoyed a brief period of fashionability embodying the kind of idealised, true-blue Englishman who probably rowed for his university, played cricket on the village green and exuded calm under pressure as he bravely fought for king and country."
15th Helpmann Awards
The 15th Annual Helpmann Awards for live performance in Australia were held on 27 July 2015 at the Capitol Theatre in Sydney. Best Musical and Best Play were both awarded to revival productions, of Les Misérables and The Glass Menagarie respectively. Opera for young audiences The Rabbits was named Best New Australian Work and Best Original Score. Singer-songwriter Paul Kelly received the JC Williamson Award for lifetime achievement.

The Rabbits
The Rabbits is a music theatre work with music by Kate Miller-Heidke and libretto by Lally Katz (with additional music by Iain Grandage), based on the book by John Marsden illustrated by Shaun Tan. As per the original book, it is an allegory for the colonisation of Australia, depicting an invasion of rabbits (in lieu of the English settlers) described as alien, harsh and greedy, as they destroy the land and lives of the native marsupials (in lieu of the original Indigenous population).
Metromile
Metromile, Inc. is a technology start-up based in San Francisco that provides pay-per-mile car insurance. The company also licenses its digital insurance platform to insurance companies worldwide and offers a digitally native product that includes smart driving features, automated claims, and vehicle information. In July 2022, Metromile was acquired by Lemonade, Inc.

Lemonade, Inc.
Lemonade, Inc. is an American insurance company. The company offers renters' insurance, homeowners' insurance, car insurance, pet insurance, and term life insurance in the United States, as well as contents and liability policies in Germany and the Netherlands and renters' insurance in France. The company is based in New York City and has approximately 2.9 million customers. Lemonade does not hire human employees to process claims for customers, instead using artificial intelligence and chatbots to process claims.
Friends of Seagate Inc.
Friends of Seagate Inc. was founded in the late 1980s by Kafi Benz as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization in Sarasota, Florida. The historic preservation group lead local efforts protect historic property in the Sarasota-Bradenton area from commercial development. The group later expanded its scope to include environmental conservation. Its most notable project was the preservation of Seagate, the former home of Cincinnati, Ohio, industrialist Powel Crosley Jr. and his wife, Gwendolyn, and its later owners, Mabel and Freeman Horton. (Horton was a civil engineer who proposed the construction of the original Sunshine Skyway Bridge across Tampa Bay.) In 2002 the organization tried to secure Rus-in- Ur'be, an undeveloped parcel of land in the center of the Indian Beach Sapphire Shores neighborhood, as a local park; however, as of 2014, real estate developers intend to build condominium units at the site.

University of South Florida Sarasota–Manatee
The University of South Florida Sarasota–Manatee (also known as USF Sarasota-Manatee) is a branch campus of the University of South Florida in Sarasota, Florida, near the Sarasota-Manatee county line. USF Sarasota-Manatee was established in 1975 as a regional campus of the University of South Florida, based in Tampa, and gained separate accreditation by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges to award baccalaureate and master's degrees in June 2011. It was consolidated with the other two USF campuses (Tampa and St. Petersburg) as of July 1, 2020. Day, evening, weekend and online classes serve more than 14,000 students annually.
Empress Dowager Bian
Lady Bian (30 December 159 or 29 January 161 – 9 July 230), also known as Empress Dowager Bian or Grand Empress Dowager Bian, formally known as Empress Wuxuan, was an empress dowager and later grand empress dowager of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China. She was the wife of Cao Cao, a warlord who rose to power in the late Eastern Han dynasty and laid the foundation of Wei. She bore Cao Cao's successor, Cao Pi, who ended the Han dynasty and founded Wei in 220 after his father's death.

Grand empress dowager
Grand empress dowager (also grand dowager empress or grand empress mother) (Chinese and Japanese: 太皇太后; pinyin: tàihuángtàihòu; rōmaji: taikōtaigō; Korean: 태황태후 (太皇太后); romaja: Tae Hwang Tae Hu; Vietnamese: Thái Hoàng thái hậu (太皇太后) was a title given to the grandmother, or a woman from the same generation, of a Chinese, Japanese, Korean, or Vietnamese emperor in the Chinese cultural sphere.

Some grand empresses dowager held regency during the emperor's childhood. Some of the most prominent empress dowagers extended their regencies beyond the time when the emperor was old enough to govern alone. This was seen as a source of political turmoil, according to the traditional views of Chinese historians.
Le Havre station
Le Havre station (French: Gare du Havre) is the main railway station located in Le Havre, Seine-Maritime, France. The station was opened on 22 March 1847 and is located on the Paris–Le Havre railway. The train services are operated by SNCF.

The station building was built in 1932 by Henri Pacon for the CF de l'Etat replacing the older building along with a new clock tower. It is a terminus and the passenger hall is parallel to the street. Of the old building, only the rooftop by Juste Lisch remains.

Juste Lisch
Jean Juste Gustave Lisch (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ ʒyst ɡystav liʃ]; 10 June 1828 – 24 August 1910) was a French architect.

A native of Alençon, Lisch studied at the Ecole des Beaux-Arts and was pupil of Léon Vaudoyer and Henri Labrouste.  His architectural career was geared towards civic work:  stations, public buildings, churches, and restoration of monuments. Notably, he built the Gare des Carbonnets, an architectural masterpiece located next to Paris.

Juste Lisch retired in 1901 and died in Paris in 1910. He is buried in the Rouen monumental cemetery.
Mason & Dixon
Mason & Dixon is a postmodernist novel by the American author Thomas Pynchon, published in 1997. It presents a fictionalized account of the collaboration between Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon in their astronomical and surveying exploits in the Dutch Cape Colony, Saint Helena, Great Britain and along the Mason-Dixon line in British North America on the eve of the Revolutionary War in the United States.

The novel, written in a style based on late-18th-century English, is a frame narrative told from the focal point of Rev. Wicks Cherrycoke, a clergyman of dubious orthodoxy who, on a cold December evening in 1786, attempts to entertain and divert his extended family (partly for amusement, and partly to keep his coveted status as a guest in the house) by telling a tall tale version of Mason and Dixon's biographies (claiming to have accompanied Mason and Dixon throughout their journeys).

Charles Mason
Charles Mason (25 April 1728 – 25 October 1786) was an English surveyor and astronomer who is best known for surveying the Mason–Dixon line with Jeremiah Dixon from 1763 to 1767. The line came to mark the borders between Maryland, Pennsylvania and Delaware.
Frank T. Tucker
Frank Tyler Tucker (June 11, 1864  – September 1, 1910) was an American politician and lawyer.

Frank Tyler Tucker was born June 11, 1864, in Macon Township, Lenawee County, Michigan. His parents were Dr. E. L. Tucker and Mary Frances Tyler Tucker.

Tucker moved to Omro, Winnebago County, Wisconsin. In 1886, Tucker graduated from the Northern Indiana Normal School and was principal of the schools in Omro and Winneconne, Winnebago County, Wisconsin. Tucker went to the University of Wisconsin Law School and was admitted to the Wisconsin bar. Tucker practiced law in Neillsville, Wisconsin, In 1893 and 1897, Tucker served in the Wisconsin State Assembly from Winnebago County, Wisconsin and was a Republican. Tucker was appointed law examiner in the office of the Wisconsin Attorney General and later was appointed assistant attorney general. Tucker drowned in the Wolf River in Oshkosh, Wisconsin while campaigning in the Republican primary for the office of Wisconsin Attorney General.

Mary Frances Tucker
Mary Frances Tucker (née, Tyler; May 16, 1837 – 1902) was an American poet. Not a prolific writer, her best work was inspired by a moral sentiment. About the year 1854, two of Tucker's poems appeared in The National Era which soon became popular, and which afterwards, periodically, went the rounds of the press. The one more often printed, perhaps, was "Cometh A Blessing Down". Other notable poems include "Goin Up And Coming Down" (1856) and "Sonnet" (1856).