hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frederick York
Frederick Arlington Viler York (1823–1903) was an early 19th-century photographer, active first in Somerset, England, and from 1855 to 1861 in Cape Town, Cape Colony, modern-day South Africa. In February 1861, he received the first carte-de-visite camera in South Africa as a present from H.R.H. Prince Alfred.  Upon return to the United Kingdom in 1865, he established the business York & Son in Notting Hill, London, specialising in the manufacture of lantern slides.

Carte de visite
The carte de visite (French: [kaʁt də vizit], English: 'visiting card', abbr. 'CdV', pl. cartes de visite) was a format of small photograph which was patented in Paris by photographer André Adolphe Eugène Disdéri in 1854, although first used by Louis Dodero in 1851.

Each photograph was the size of a formal visiting card about 4½ x 2½ inches (11.4 x 6.3 cm) and such photograph cards, in what has been called an early form of social media, were commonly traded among friends and visitors in the 1860s. Albums for the collection and display of cards became a common fixture in Victorian parlors. The popularity of the format and its rapid uptake worldwide were due to their relative thrift, which made portrait photographs accessible to a broader demographic, and prior to the advent of mechanical reproduction of photographs, led to the publication and collection of portraits of prominent persons. It was the success of the carte de visite that led to photography's institutionalisation.
Dillianne van den Boogaard
Dillianne van den Boogaard (born 9 August 1974) was a Dutch field hockey defender, who played 174 international matches, representing the Netherlands, in which she has scored 68 goals. She was born in Veghel, the Netherlands.

Veghel
Veghel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈvɛxəl] ⓘ) is a town and former municipality in the Southern Netherlands. On 1 January 2017 Veghel, together with Schijndel and Sint-Oedenrode, merged into a new municipality called Meierijstad. This created the largest municipality of the province of North Brabant in terms of land area.
Aleksey Lobanov-Rostovsky
Prince Aleksey Borisovich Lobanov-Rostovsky (Russian: Алексе́й Бори́сович Лоба́нов-Росто́вский; 30 December [O.S. 18 December] 1824 in Voronezh Governorate – 30 August [O.S. 18 August] 1896) was a Russian statesman, probably best remembered for having concluded the Li-Lobanov Treaty with China, the Peace of Constantinople with the Ottoman Empire, and for his publication of the Russian Genealogical Book (in two volumes).

Peace of Constantinople (1879)
The 1879 Peace of Constantinople (Turkish: İstanbul Antlaşması or İstanbul Barışı, Russian: Константинопольский мир) reached between the Russian and Ottoman empires was a treaty signed on February 8, 1879 in Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, Turkey). Aleksey Lobanov-Rostovsky, Russian ambassador to Sultan Abdul Hamid II, and the Ottoman Minister of Foreign Affairs, Alexander Karatheodori Pasha, and Ali Pasha, the Minister presiding over the Council of State of the Ottoman Empire, were those present to sign the agreement. It is a direct continuation of the Treaty of San Stefano.
Méricourt-sur-Somme
Méricourt-sur-Somme (French pronunciation: [meʁikuʁ syʁ sɔm], literally Méricourt on Somme; Picard: Méricourt-su-Sonme) is a former commune in the Somme department in Hauts-de-France in northern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Étinehem-Méricourt.

Étinehem-Méricourt
Étinehem-Méricourt (French pronunciation: [etinɑ̃ meʁikuʁ]) is a commune in the department of Somme, northern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2017 by a merger of the former communes of Étinehem (the seat) and Méricourt-sur-Somme.
Fairmead, California
Fairmead is a census-designated place in Madera County, California, United States. It is located 11 miles (18 km) northwest of Madera, at an elevation of 253 feet (77 m), and bordered to the northwest by Chowchilla. The population was 1,235 at the 2020 census.

A post office operated at Fairmead from 1913 to 1940. The community is impacted by the California High-Speed Rail, as the planned route will dislocate residents.

Madera County, California
Madera County (/məˈdɛərə/ ⓘ; Madera, Spanish for "Wood"), officially the County of Madera, is a county located at the geographic center of the U.S. state of California. It features a varied landscape, encompassing the eastern San Joaquin Valley and the central Sierra Nevada, with Madera serving as the county seat. Established in 1893 from part of Fresno County, Madera County reported a population of 156,255 in the 2020 census.

The name Madera is Spanish for "wood," a reference to the county’s early lumber industry. Portions of Yosemite National Park lie within the county, and tourism, along with agriculture—particularly almonds, grapes, and pistachios—form major parts of the local economy. According to the United States Census Bureau, the county’s median household income is below the state average, and its poverty rate is higher than the California average.
Gowalkot
Gowalkot is a small fort located on the southern bank of Vashishti River, about 10.0 km (6.2 miles) from Chiplun in Maharashtra, India. This fort is guarded by the river on three sides and a trench on the fourth side. Its population which includes Hindus, Muslims, and Buddhists. According to old natives of Gowalkot, the history of Gowalkot goes back to a King, who was Hindu and finally was converted in Muslim, his surname was "Chougle", and most of the land in Gowalkot is owned by the Chougle family. All other owner of land in Gowalkot must have either received the land as gift [or bought] from Chougle family must have lost in "kul kaida" a rule by the government.

Chiplun
Chiplun (pronunciationⓘ [t͡ʃipɭuːɳ]) is a city in Ratnagiri district in the state of Maharashtra, India. It is one of the financial and commercial hubs of Ratnagiri district, and the headquarters of Chiplun taluka. It is about 250 km south of Mumbai and 90 km North of Ratnagiri in the Konkan region of Maharashtra, on the Mumbai–Goa highway (NH-66). It has a long history and a strong cultural background. Recent decades have seen much industrial development in it and its and surrounding areas.
Abdominoplasty
Abdominoplasty or "tummy tuck" is a cosmetic surgery procedure used to make the abdomen thinner and more firm. The surgery involves the removal of excess skin and fat from the middle and lower abdomen in order to tighten the muscle and fascia of the abdominal wall. This type of surgery is usually sought by patients with loose or sagging tissues, that develop after pregnancy or major weight loss.

Excess skin
Excess skin is an effect of surplus skin and fat after expansion during pregnancy or adipositas and following a massive and considerable weight loss. Further reasons can be aging effects, genetic disorders or an intentional expansion for skin reconstruction. Due to the elastic nature of the skin, there is generally some improvement over time. Excessive loose skin can be permanent to a degree but surgical treatment is an option.

Methods to remove excess skin by surgery include abdominoplasty, breast reduction and brachioplasty.
An Experiment with Time
An Experiment with Time is a book by the British soldier, aeronautical engineer and philosopher J. W. Dunne (1875–1949) about his precognitive dreams and a theory of time which he later called "Serialism". First published in March 1927, the book was widely read. Although never accepted by mainstream scientists or philosophers, it has influenced imaginative literature ever since. Dunne published four sequels: The Serial Universe (1934), The New Immortality (1938), Nothing Dies (1940) and Intrusions? (1955).

Precognition
Precognition (from the Latin prae- 'before', and cognitio 'acquiring knowledge') is the purported psychic phenomenon of seeing, or otherwise becoming directly aware of, events in the future.

There is no accepted scientific evidence that precognition is a real effect, and it is widely considered to be pseudoscience. Precognition violates the principle of causality, that an effect cannot occur before its cause.

Precognition has been widely believed in throughout history. Despite the lack of scientific evidence, many people believe it to be real; it is still widely reported and remains a topic of research and discussion within the parapsychology community.
Urengoy gas field
The Urengoy gas field in the northern West Siberia Basin is the world's second largest natural gas field after South Pars / North Dome Gas-Condensate field. It lies in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Tyumen Oblast, Russia, just south of the Arctic Circle in North Asia. It is named after the settlement of Urengoy. The gas field is operated by Gazprom Dobycha Urengoy and serviced by the town of Novy Urengoy, founded in 1973.

Petroleum reservoir
A petroleum reservoir or oil and gas reservoir is a subsurface accumulation of hydrocarbons contained in porous or fractured rock formations. Such reservoirs form when kerogen (ancient plant matter) is created in surrounding rock by the presence of high heat and pressure in the Earth's crust.

Reservoirs are broadly classified as conventional and unconventional reservoirs. In conventional reservoirs, the naturally occurring hydrocarbons, such as crude oil (petroleum) or natural gas, are trapped by overlying rock formations with lower permeability, while in unconventional reservoirs the rocks have high porosity and low permeability, which keeps the hydrocarbons trapped in place, therefore not requiring a cap rock. Reservoirs are found using hydrocarbon exploration methods.
Maungaharuru Range
The Maungaharuru Range is located 34 km from Napier in the New Zealand region of Hawke's Bay. The name means in the mountain that resounded in Te Reo Māori due to the bird population.

Maungaharuru is the spiritual mountain of the hapū Ngati Kurumōkihi. They are the kaitiaki of Boundary Stream and the area. In 2017 the hapū were given four conservation reserves in the Hawke's Bay by the Crown as part of Treaty of Waitangi settlements. The Ngati Kurumōkihi hapū gave the reserves to the people of New Zealand (Aotearoa), three of these conservation areas are located in the Maungaharuru Range.

Harapaki Wind Farm
The Harapaki Wind Farm is a wind farm project in the Hawke's Bay region of New Zealand. Construction began in June 2021 and was completed in 2024. As of 2024 it is the second-biggest wind farm in New Zealand.
Tân Trụ district
Tân Trụ is a rural district of Long An province in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. As of 2003 the district had a population of 62,633. The district covers an area of 175 km2 (68 sq mi). The district capital lies at Tân Trụ.

Long An province
Long An was a province in the Mekong Delta region of southern Vietnam. The provincial capital is Tân An city, and other major districts and town include Kiến Tường, Bến Lức, Cần Giuộc and Đức Hòa. There are 15 districts within the province (included 1 provincial capital city and 1 district-level town).

The region is between Ho Chi Minh City and Southeast region in the north and the Mekong Delta. Because of its low lying geography, it is susceptible to sea level rise caused by climate change.

On 12 June 2025, Long An was incorporated into Tây Ninh province.
Kue putu mayang
Kue putu mayang is an Indonesian Betawi string hopper dish made of starch or rice flour and coconut milk, then shaped like noodles. This noodle-like dish served with kinca (liquid palm sugar) in Betawi and Javanese cuisine, or with chutney or curry in Indian Indonesian cuisine.

Indian Indonesian cuisine
Indian Indonesian cuisine (Indonesian: Masakan India-Indonesia) is characterized by the mixture of Indian cuisine with local Indonesian-style. This cuisine consists of adaptations of authentic dishes from India, as well as original creations inspired by the diverse food culture of Indonesia. Indian influence can be observed in Indonesia as early as the 4th century. Following the spread of Islam to Indonesia and trading, Muslim Indian as well as Arab influences made their way into Indonesian cuisine. Examples include Indian biryani, murtabak, curry and paratha that influenced Acehnese, Minangkabau, Malay, Palembangese, Betawi and Javanese cuisine.
Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me
Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me is a 2022 American documentary film that follows singer and actress Selena Gomez during a six year period of her career. The film documents her struggles with physical and mental well-being in the wake of her diagnosis with lupus and bipolar disorder. It was directed by Alek Keshishian, produced by Lighthouse Management + Media and Interscope Films, and released to Apple TV+ and select theaters on November 4, 2022.

Premiering at the opening night of the AFI Fest on November 2, 2022, Selena Gomez: My Mind & Me was met with a positive critical reception; the documentary was praised for mental health transparency. Accompanying the film's release, "My Mind & Me", a song by Gomez featured in the end credits, was released as a single.

Alek Keshishian
Alek Keshishian (Armenian: Ալեք Գևորգի Քեշիշեան, born 30 July 1964) is an Armenian-American film and commercial director, writer, producer and music video director. His 1991 documentary, Madonna: Truth or Dare was the highest-grossing documentary of all time until 2002; it "changed the way filmmakers explored the world of celebrity" and had a "profound impact on LGBTQ representation in film".
Cruel Youth
Cruel Youth is a band fronted by Teddy Sinclair, who previously recorded two solo albums under the name Natalia Kills. In 2016, Sinclair started the band with her husband, Willy Moon. The band's first extended play (EP), +30mg, was released on September 16, 2016.

Willy Moon
William George Sinclair (born 2 June 1989), better known by his stage name Willy Moon, is a New Zealand singer, songwriter and producer. He is known for his 2012 single "Yeah Yeah", which appeared on the 2012 Apple iPod advert and peaked at number 26 on the UK Singles Chart. In March 2015, Moon and his wife, Natalia Kills, were fired as judges from The X Factor New Zealand for their harsh and offensive comments towards one of the contestants.
Ischigualastia
Ischigualastia is an extinct genus of large dicynodont therapsids from the Late Triassic of Argentina. It is named after its place of discovery, the Ischigualasto Formation in the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin of northwestern Argentina. Like other Late Triassic dicynodonts, Ischigualastia is a member of the family Stahleckeriidae.

Dicynodontia
Dicynodontia is an extinct clade of anomodonts, an extinct type of non-mammalian therapsid. Dicynodonts were herbivores that typically bore a pair of tusks, hence their name, which means 'two dog tooth'. Members of the group possessed a horny, typically toothless beak, unique amongst all synapsids. Dicynodonts first appeared in Southern Pangaea during the mid-Permian, ca. 270–260 million years ago, and became globally distributed and the dominant herbivorous animals in the Late Permian, ca. 260–252 Mya. They were devastated by the end-Permian mass extinction that wiped out most other therapsids ca. 252 Mya. They rebounded at beginning of the following Triassic, but subsequently declined and died out towards the end of that period. They were the most successful and diverse of the non-mammalian therapsids, with over 80-90 genera known, varying from rat-sized burrowers to elephant-sized browsers.
Kunsthalle Nürnberg
The Kunsthalle Nürnberg is an art centre founded in 1967, near the city centre.  It organizes exhibitions by contemporary international artists in its galleries in Nuremberg. The Kunsthalle commissions new work by a majority of the artists it works with.

Solo exhibitions (selection):

2017: Fearless Alicia Framis

2016: Scroll Down And Keep Scrolling Fiona Banner

2015: Warten auf Gegenwart II Alicja Kwade

2014: I tempi doppi Tatiana Trouve

2012: From Here to Eternity Susan Hiller

2011: Silvia Bächli and Eric Hattan

2010/2011: Mircea Cantor

2010: Corinne Wasmuht, Karla Black, Mathilde ter Heijne

2009/2010: Jürgen Teller

Group exhibitions (selection):

2012: Goldrausch featuring works by Pawel Althamer, Felix Gonzalez-Torres, Filip Gilissen, Jonathan Monk, Claus Richter and others.

2012: 30 Künstler / 30 Räume featuring works by Marc Camille Chaimowicz, Michael Beutler, Nairy Baghramian, Rosemarie Trockel, Tobias Rehberger and others.

Karla Black
Karla Black (born 1972) is a Scottish sculptor. She creates abstract, three-dimensional artworks that explore the physicality of materials as a way of understanding and communicating the world around us.

In 2011, Black was nominated for the Turner Prize and also represented Scotland at the Venice Biennale. Her work has been the subject of solo exhibitions at the Kestnergesellschaft in Hanover, Germany; the Institute of Contemporary Art in Philadelphia; the Gemeentemuseum, The Hague; the Dallas Museum of Art; and the Gallery of Modern Art, Glasgow, Modern Art Oxford and Kunsthalle Nurnberg, Germany. Black represented Scotland at the 54th Venice Biennale in 2011.
Bromans
Bromans is a British reality television series on ITV2. The contestants compete against each other in Ancient Rome-themed physical challenges. Their girlfriends join them to provide support and also compete in their own contests. The winning "gladiator" receives £10,000.

The gladiators are overseen by the emperor's right hand man, Dominus, played by Tom Bell, and mentored by Doctore, played by David McIntosh. They meet with the unseen Emperor each week and select two gladiators for banishment. The other contestants choose who they want to remain in competition, and the gladiator with the least support is eliminated. It all concludes with the final four gladiators competing in the Emperor's Games, where a series of challenges determine the overall winner.

The series was cancelled in April 2018.

David McIntosh (television personality)
David McIntosh (born 10 December 1985) is a British television personality. A former Royal Marines commando, he was a Gladiator on the Sky 1 TV series Gladiators, under the name Tornado. In 2014, he participated in Celebrity Big Brother 14.
Public transport in Istanbul
Public transport in Istanbul comprises a bus network, various rail systems, funiculars, and maritime services to serve more than 15 million inhabitants of the city spread over an area of 5,712 km2 (2,205 sq mi).

Tünel
The Tünel (English: Tunnel, designated as the F2 line on the Istanbul transport map) is a historic underground rubber-tyred funicular line in Istanbul, Turkey. It has two stations, connecting Karaköy and Beyoğlu. The tunnel runs uphill from near the confluence of the Golden Horn with the Bosphorus and is about 573 metres (1,880 feet) long. It was inaugurated on 17 January 1875, making it the second oldest underground urban railway in the world, after the London Underground (1863).
Hristina Vuković
Hristina Vuković (Serbian Cyrillic: Христина Вуковић), known mononymously  as Hristina, is a Serbian singer, songwriter and psychologist.

Hristina was born in Belgrade where she lives and works. Her parents are originally from Montenegro. She graduated with a degree in psychology. She participated in the music competition X Factor Adria, and released her first single "Deep Waters" in 2014 shortly after. She is a backing vocalist in Željko Joksimović's band. According to the assessment of the Milan Mladenović Foundation in 2019, Vuković's song "Kazaljka" was among the 12 best original compositions in the territory of the former Yugoslavia.

In 2023, she released her debut album Bedem, published by PGP-RTS and promoted at the Studio 6 of Radio Belgrade. With the song of the same name, she was announced among the participants of Pesma za Evroviziju '24, the Serbian national final for the Eurovision Song Contest 2024. The song qualified for the final.

Pesma za Evroviziju '24
Pesma za Evroviziju '24 (Serbian Cyrillic: Песма за Евровизију '24; PzE '24) was the third edition of Pesma za Evroviziju, the national final organised by Radio Television of Serbia (RTS) to select the Serbian entry for the Eurovision Song Contest 2024. The selection consisted of two semi-finals held on 27 and 29 February 2024, respectively, and a final on 2 March 2024, all presented by Dragana Kosjerina and Slaven Došlo.
The Master Plan (Dream Warriors album)
The Master Plan is the third studio album by Canadian hip hop group Dream Warriors, released on October 25, 1996, on EMI Records in the United Kingdom and Canada. It spawned the singles "Float On", "What Do You Want "Ladies"", and "Sound Clash".

Compared to their previous albums, The Master Plan is more Caribbean-influenced, featuring collaborations with artists such as Beenie Man and General Degree. It was nominated for Best Rap Recording at the 1997 Juno Awards. Later that year, Spek and DJ Luv left the group.

Juno Awards of 1997
The Juno Awards of 1997, representing Canadian music industry achievements of the previous year, were awarded on 9 March 1997 in Hamilton, Ontario at a ceremony in the Copps Coliseum. Jann Arden was host for the major ceremonies which were broadcast on CBC Television.

Nominations were announced on 29 January 1997. Major winners were Celine Dion and The Tragically Hip.
Glen Rose, Arkansas
Glen Rose is a community in northeastern Hot Spring County, Arkansas.

The community is located seven miles northeast of Malvern and ten miles southwest of Benton on U.S. Route 67. Interstate 30 passes one mile northwest of the community. Ninemile Creek and Tenmile Creek pass to the west and east sides of the community.

The community acquired its name from a school in the area. The name was given either as Glen for the location in a valley and Rose for the roses found on the school grounds or it was named for University of Arkansas coach Glen Rose.

Malvern, Arkansas
Malvern is a city in and the county seat of Hot Spring County, Arkansas, United States. Founded as a railroad stop at the eastern edge of the Ouachita Mountains, the community's history and economy have been tied to available agricultural and mineral resources. The production of bricks from locally available clay has earned the city the nickname, "The Brick Capital of the World". As of the 2020 census, Malvern had a population of 10,867.
Faiza Gillani
Faiza Gillani is a Pakistani television, theatre and film actress known for her character roles. She made her on-screen debut in 1996, and her notable supporting roles were in the dramas Ullu Baraye Farokht Nahi, Sannata, Deewangi and Prem Gali. She made her cinematic debut with 2019 crime thriller Laal Kabootar.

Prem Gali
Prem Gali (Urdu: پریم گلی, lit. 'Love Street') is a 2020 Pakistani romantic comedy television series that premiered on ARY Digital. It is written by Faiza Iftikhar, directed by Qasim Ali Mureed and produced by Humayun Saeed under Six Sigma Plus. It features Farhan Saeed and Sohai Ali Abro in leading roles.
Chalhuacocha (Junín)
Chalhuacocha (possibly from Quechua challwa fish, qucha lake, "fish lake") is a lake in  Peru located in the Junín Region, Jauja Province, Canchayllo District. It lies northeast of the lakes Llacsacocha and Mancacocha, east of the mountain Chalhuacocha  and north of the mountain Huiracocha.

Wiraqucha (Junín)
Cerro Huiracocha or Wiraqucha (see Viracocha#Etymology for etymology), is a mountain in the Andes of Peru, about 4,600 metres (15,092 ft) high. It is located in the Junín Region, Jauja Province, Canchayllo District. Wiraqucha lies east of the lakes named Llaksaqucha, Mankhaqucha and Chakip'aki (Chaquipaque), south of  Challwaqucha and north of the mountain named Chakip'aki. It is situated on the eastern border of the Nor Yauyos-Cochas Landscape Reserve.