hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Texas Review of Law and Politics
The Texas Review of Law & Politics is a legal publication whose mission is to publish "thoughtful and intellectually rigorous conservative articles—articles that traditional law reviews often fail to publish—that can serve as blueprints for constructive legal reform."
Its primary focus is on contemporary social issues such as abortion, affirmative action, crime, gun rights, and  free exercise of religion.

The journal, often referred to as "TROLP," publishes work written by scholars, sitting judges, practicing attorneys, and law students. It is published at least twice annually and is managed and operated by students at the University of Texas School of Law.

Past authors include Greg Abbott,  Ryan Anderson, Gerard Bradley, Paul Clement, John Cornyn, Ted Cruz, Richard Epstein, Lino Graglia, C. Boyden Gray, Orrin Hatch, Nathan Hecht, James Ho, Edith Jones,  Gary Lawson, Ed Meese,  William Pryor, Phyllis Schlafly, Eugene Volokh,  Ed Whelan, Don Willett, and John Yoo.

James Ho
James Chiun-Yue Ho (Chinese: 何俊宇; pinyin: Hé Jùnyǔ; born February 27, 1973) is an American lawyer and jurist serving as a United States circuit judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. He was appointed in 2018 by President Donald Trump, becoming the Fifth Circuit's only Asian-American judge and the only judge to be an immigrant.

Born to Taiwanese American immigrants, Ho emigrated from Taiwan as a child and graduated from Stanford University and the University of Chicago Law School. He served as the Solicitor General of Texas from 2008 to 2010, becoming the first Asian-American to hold the position. He has been identified as a potential Supreme Court nominee for Donald Trump's second term.
Charlemagne Palestine
Chaim Moshe Tzadik Palestine (born August 15, 1947), known professionally as Charlemagne Palestine, is an American visual artist and musician. He has been described as being one of the founders of New York school of minimalist music, first initiated by La Monte Young, Terry Riley, Philip Glass, Steve Reich, and Phil Niblock, although he prefers to call himself a maximalist.

Maximalism
In the arts, maximalism is an aesthetic characterized by excess and abundance, serving as a reaction against minimalism. The philosophy can be summarized as "more is more", contrasting with the minimalist principle of "less is more".
Mihail Pavel
Catholicism portal

Mihail Pavel (6 September 1827 – 1 June 1902) was a Romanian Greek Catholic hierarch. He was bishop of the Romanian Catholic Eparchy of Gherla, Armenopoli, Szamos-Ujvár from 1872 to 1879 and the Romanian Catholic Eparchy of Oradea Mare from 1879 to 1902.

Born in Recea, Maramureș, Austrian Empire (present day – Romania) in 1827, he was ordained a priest on 21 March 1852. He was confirmed the Bishop by the Holy See on 23 December 1872. He was consecrated to the Episcopate on 26 January 1873. The principal consecrator was Archbishop Ioan Vancea.

He died in Solotvyno (present day – Ukraine) on 1 June 1902.

Romanian Catholic Eparchy of Oradea Mare
The Romanian Catholic Eparchy of Oradea Mare is an eparchy (equivalent to a diocese in the Latin Church) of the Romanian Greek Catholic Church which is an Eastern Catholic particular church of the Catholic Church that is in full communion with the Holy See. Its uses the Byzantine Rite in the Romanian language in its liturgical services. It was founded in 1777. It is a suffragan diocese of the Major Archeparchy of Făgăraș and Alba Iulia. The eparchy's cathedral church is the Cathedral of Saint Nicholas which is situated in the city of Oradea, Romania. The incumbent eparch is Virgil Bercea.
Edward Toussaint
Edward Toussaint, Jr. (born October 7, 1941) is an American lawyer and judge from Minnesota.  For 16 years, from 1995 until July 2011, he served as a judge on the Minnesota Court of Appeals.

Toussaint was appointed Chief Judge of the Minnesota Court of Appeals in 1995 by Minnesota Governor Arne Carlson. He held the position until October 2010, when he stepped down as Chief Judge to take a seat on the court as an associate judge. He remained on the court until July 15, 2011, when he retired due to the state's mandatory retirement age.

Toussaint now serves as a professor of law at William Mitchell College of Law in Saint Paul. Before serving on the Court of Appeals, Toussaint served as a district judge in Hennepin County.

William Mitchell College of Law
The William Mitchell College of Law was a private law school from 1956 to 2015 in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States. On December 9, 2015, the Hamline University School of Law and the William Mitchell College of Law were merged to form the Mitchell Hamline School of Law.

Before the 2015 merger, the law school was accredited by the American Bar Association, and offered full-time and part-time legal education in pursuit of the Juris Doctor degree.
George Vande Woude
George F. Vande Woude Jr. (December 25, 1935 – April 13, 2021) was an American cancer researcher, who, from 1999 to 2009, served as the founding director of research at the Van Andel Institute (VAI). He is credited with the 1984 discovery of MET, an oncogene.

Van Andel Institute
Van Andel Institute (VAI) is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit biomedical research and science education organization in Grand Rapids, Michigan. VAI was founded by Jay and Betty Van Andel in 1996.

The institute's research focuses on cancer epigenetics and Parkinson's disease. Its educational efforts support teacher development and science education from early elementary through the doctoral level.

David Van Andel, son of Jay and Betty, has been CEO and chairman since 1996.
Don Getty Wildland Provincial Park
Don Getty Wildland Provincial Park is a wildland provincial park in Kananaskis Country, Alberta, Canada. It was created on 24 July 2001 and has an area of 62,775 hectares (628 km2; 242 sq mi). The park was named for the 11th premier of Alberta, Don Getty. The park was designated as part  of the Special Places 2000: Alberta’s Natural Heritage initiative.

Kananaskis Country
Kananaskis Country (also known as K-Country) is a multi-use area located west of Calgary in the foothills and front ranges of the Canadian Rockies, Alberta, Canada. Kananaskis Country has also been referred to as a recreation area and a park system.

The area's western edge borders Banff National Park and the Alberta-British Columbia border. The region owes its name to the Kananaskis River, which was named by John Palliser in 1858 after a legendary Cree Native. Covering an area of approximately 4,000 km2 (1,500 sq mi), Kananaskis Country was established by the Alberta Government in 1978 to provide a variety of land uses and designations. Land uses include resource extraction activities (such as forestry, cattle grazing, water, oil and gas), recreation, power generation, and residential communities. Land designations include public land and protected areas.
Kanina Khas
Kanina is a town and a subdivision in Mahendragarh district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is one of three administrative blocks of Mahendragarh district. It is in the Ahirwal region. It is a municipal committee of Kanina Subdivision in Mahendragarh district.

Mahendragarh
Mahendragarh is a city and a municipal committee in Mahendragarh district in the Indian state of Haryana. It is nearly 100 kilometres (62 mi) from Gurgaon and comes under National Capital Region (India).
1916 Portsmouth by-election
The 1916 Portsmouth by-election was a parliamentary by-election held for the British House of Commons constituency of Portsmouth on 15 January 1916.  The seat had become vacant when Lord Charles Beresford (one of the constituency's two Conservative Members of Parliament) was elevated to peerage as Baron Beresford.

The Conservative candidate, Hon. Sir Hedworth Meux, was returned unopposed. He held the seat until the constituency was divided at the 1918 general election, and did not stand for Parliament again.

Baron Beresford
Baron Beresford is a title that was created three times for the Beresford family, one in the Peerage of Ireland and later also two in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. In all instances it was created for men who were eminent politicians or soldiers. The first creation still exists as a subsidiary title, but the latter two became extinct at the death of their original holder.
Rail transport in Namibia
The rail service in Namibia is provided by TransNamib. The Namibian rail network consists of 2,687 km of tracks (2017).

Namibia has a history of more than 100 years of railway service. During the colonialisation by the German Empire between 1894 and 1915, a number of railways were built, of which some are still in service today.

TransNamib
TransNamib Holdings Limited (TransNamib) is a state-owned railway company in Namibia. Organised as a holding company, it provides both rail and road freight services, as well as passenger rail services. Its headquarters are in the country’s capital Windhoek.
Alcock Scout
The Alcock Scout, a.k.a. A.1 and Sopwith Mouse, was a curious "one-off" experimental fighter biplane flown briefly during World War I.  It was assembled by Flight Lieutenant John Alcock at Moudros, a Royal Naval Air Service base in the Aegean Sea. Alcock took the forward fuselage and lower wings of a Sopwith Triplane, the upper wings of a Sopwith Pup and the tailplane and elevators of a Sopwith Camel, and married them to a rear fuselage and vertical tail surface of original design (presumably by Alcock himself). It was powered by a 110 hp Clerget 9Z engine, and carried a .303 Vickers machine gun.

Affectionally referred to as the 'Sopwith Mouse' by Alcock and his fellow designers, Alcock never flew it himself, but squadron-mate FSL Norman Starbuck made a few flights in it, the first on 15 October 1917. However, it crashed in early 1918, was written off and never flew again.

John Alcock (RAF officer)
Captain Sir John William Alcock KBE DSC (5 November 1892 – 19 December 1919) was a British Royal Navy and later Royal Air Force officer who, with navigator Lieutenant Arthur Whitten Brown, piloted the first non-stop transatlantic flight from St. John's, Newfoundland to Clifden, Ireland in June 1919. He died in a flying accident in France in December later that same year.
Sakhejung
Sakhejung is a town and Village Development Committee( now ilam municipality word no. 01)  in Ilam District in the Province No. 1 of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,225 persons living in 571 individual households.

Ilam District
Ilam district (Nepali: इलाम जिल्लाListenⓘ) is one of 14 districts of Koshi Province of eastern Nepal. It is a Hill district and covers 1,703 km2 (658 sq mi). The 2011 census counted 290,254 inhabitants.  The municipality of Ilam is the district headquarters and is about 600 km (370 mi) from Kathmandu.

Ilam attracts many researchers and scientists for the study of medicinal and aromatic plants, orchids, rare birds and the red panda. Ilam stretches from the Terai belt to the upper hilly belt of this Himalayan nation.
Atherton Laburnum Rovers F.C.
Atherton Laburnum Rovers Football Club is a football club based in Atherton, Greater Manchester, England. Full members of the Lancashire County FA, they are currently members of the North West Counties League Premier Division and play at Crilly Park.

Lancashire County Football Association
The Lancashire County Football Association, also known simply as the Lancashire FA, is the governing body of football within the historical county boundaries of Lancashire, England. They are responsible for the governance and development of football at all levels in the county.
1934 London, Scottish & Provincial Airways Airspeed Courier crash
On 29 September 1934, an Airspeed Courier of London, Scottish & Provincial Airways Ltd crashed just north of Shoreham, Kent. The aircraft was on a scheduled international passenger flight from Heston Aerodrome west of London to Le Bourget Airport, Paris. All four people on board were killed. Two people were injured by flying debris.

Shoreham, Kent
Shoreham is a village and civil parish in the Sevenoaks District of Kent, England. It is located 5.2 miles north of Sevenoaks.

The probable derivation of the name is estate at the foot of a steep slope. Steep slope was from the Saxon word scor. pronounced shor, but written sore by Norman scribes.

The village of Shoreham contains three traditional independent pubs: The Samuel Palmer (formally Ye Olde George Inn), The King's Arms and the Crown; with The Rising Sun in nearby Twitton.
Nickel Queen
Nickel Queen is a 1971 Australian comedy film starring Googie Withers and directed by her husband John McCallum. The story was loosely based on the Poseidon bubble, a nickel boom in Western Australia in the late 1960s, and tells of an outback pub owner who stakes a claim and finds herself an overnight millionaire.

John Laws
Richard John Sinclair Laws (8 August 1935 – 9 November 2025) was an Australian radio announcer who had a broadcasting career spanning 71 years. His distinctive voice earned him the nickname Golden Tonsils.
Cinnemousun Narrows Provincial Park
Cinnemousun Narrows Provincial Park is a provincial park in British Columbia, Canada, located on Shuswap Lake at the convergence of the lake's four arms.

The terrain around Cinnemousun Narrows Park is mountainous to the east, but hilly to the west.  The highest point nearby is 666 meters above sea level, 1.2 km south of Cinnemousun Narrows Park.  Around Cinnemousun Narrows Park, it is very sparsely populated, with 2 inhabitants per square kilometer. The nearest major community is Sicamous, 11.3 miles (18.3 km) south of Cinnemousun Narrows Park.

Shuswap Lake
Shuswap Lake (pronounced  /ˈʃuːʃwɑːp/ SHOOSH-wahp) is a lake located in the southern interior of British Columbia, Canada that drains via the Little River into Little Shuswap Lake.  Little Shuswap Lake is the source of the South Thompson River, a branch of the Thompson River, a tributary of the Fraser River.  It is at the heart of a region known as the Columbia Shuswap or "the Shuswap", noted for its recreational lakeshore communities including the city of Salmon Arm.  The name "Shuswap" is derived from the Shuswap or Secwepemc First Nations people, the most northern of the Interior Salish peoples, whose territory includes the Shuswap. The Shuswap call themselves /ʃǝxwépmǝx/ in their own language, which is called /ʃǝxwepmǝxtʃín/.
The Blonde Geisha
The Blonde Geisha (German: Die blonde Geisha) is a 1923 Austrian silent film directed by Ludwig Czerny and starring Ferry Sikla, Mizzi Schütz and Ada Svedin.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Robert Neppach.

Ludwig Czerny
Ludwig Czerny (24 June 1885 – 10 September 1941) was a German technician, film producer and film director. As a technician he specialized in developing sound systems for performing silent film and later to post-synchronize sound films. He was married to the actress Ada Svedin.
Arunachal East Lok Sabha constituency
Arunachal East Lok Sabha constituency is one of the two Lok Sabha (lower house of the Indian Parliament) constituencies in Arunachal Pradesh state in northeastern India. This constituency covers the entire Upper Siang, East Siang, Dibang Valley, Lower Dibang Valley, Lohit, Anjaw, Changlang and Tirap districts.

Tirap district
Tirap district (Pron:/tɪˈɹæp/) is a district located in the southeastern part of the state of Arunachal Pradesh in India. It shares a state border with Assam, an international border with Myanmar and a district border with Changlang and Longding.
2024–25 PlusLiga
The 2024–25 PlusLiga was the 89th season of the Polish Volleyball Championship, the 72nd season of the highest tier domestic division in the Polish volleyball league system since its establishment in 1954, and the 25th season as a professional league. The league is operated by the Polish Volleyball League SA (Polish: Polska Liga Siatkówki SA).

This season was composed of 16 teams. The regular season was played as a round-robin tournament. Each team played a total of 30 matches, half at home and half away. The season started on 13 September 2024 and concluded on 10 May 2025.

Bogdanka LUK Lublin claimed their maiden Polish Champions title, beating Aluron CMC Warta Zawiercie in the finals, and therefore becoming only the 5th club in PlusLiga history to have won the league.

LKPS Lublin
LKPS Lublin, officially known for sponsorship reasons as Bogdanka LUK Lublin, is a professional men's volleyball club based in Lublin in eastern Poland, founded in 2013. The club has been promoted to the top flight of  Polish volleyball, PlusLiga in 2021.
Battle of Piedmont
The Battle of Piedmont was fought June 5, 1864, in the village of Piedmont, Augusta County, Virginia. Union Major Geneneral David Hunter engaged Confederates under Brigadier General William E. "Grumble" Jones north of Piedmont. After severe fighting, Jones was killed and the Confederates were routed. Hunter occupied Staunton on June 6 and soon began to advance on Lynchburg, destroying military stores and public property in his wake.

Piedmont, Augusta County, Virginia
Piedmont is an unincorporated community in Augusta County, Virginia, United States.  Piedmont is located 10.4 miles (16.7 km) northeast of Staunton and 10.1 miles (16.3 km) north-northwest of Waynesboro.
Pitch Dark
Pitch Dark is a 1983 modernist novel by Renata Adler about a newspaper reporter's affair with a married man. Decades after falling out of print, Pitch Dark was reissued in 2013 by New York Review Books simultaneously with Adler's first novel, Speedboat; both works enjoyed a renewed wave of critical acclaim.

Renata Adler
Renata Adler (born October 19, 1937) is an American author, journalist, and film critic. Adler was a staff writer-reporter for The New Yorker for over thirty years and the chief film critic for The New York Times from 1968 to 1969. She has also published several fiction and non-fiction books, and has been awarded the O. Henry Award, a Guggenheim Fellowship, and the PEN/Hemingway Award.
2024 Ningbo Open – Singles
Daria Kasatkina defeated Mirra Andreeva in the final, 6–0, 4–6, 6–4 to win the singles tennis title at the 2024 Ningbo Open. It was her eighth WTA Tour singles title, and she saved two match points en route (in her quarterfinal match against Yulia Putintseva).

Ons Jabeur was the reigning champion, but did not participate due to injury.

Mirra Andreeva
Mirra Aleksandrovna Andreeva (born 29 April 2007) is a Russian professional tennis player. She has been ranked by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) as high as world No. 5 in singles, which she achieved on 14 July 2025, and No. 12 in doubles, attained on 15 September 2025.

Andreeva has won four WTA Tour singles titles, including two WTA 1000 events, and achieved her best major result at the 2024 French Open by reaching the semifinals at the age of 17. She also was a silver medalist in women's doubles at the 2024 Paris Olympics, partnering Diana Shnaider.
Barrabás (album)
Barrabás is the sixth album by the Spanish group Barrabás, released in 1977. It was the last album before the group's four-year hiatus, and the last to feature several band  members including Ricky Morales, Juan Vidal and Daniel Louis. American jazz musician Herbie Mann featured in the recording of the album, after his hit cover of Barrabás' song "Hi Jack", which was released earlier that year. Also appearing was American saxophonist Michael Brecker.

The album is sometimes known as Swinger, after the opening track. The album was later re-released on CD as Watch-Out with a similar sleeve, but is not related to the other Barrabás album of that name, the 1975 release, Watch Out.

"Swinger" / "Week End" was released as a single.

Barrabás
Barrabás are a Spanish musical group, most successful in the 1970s and 1980s when they were led by drummer and producer Fernando Arbex. The group's musical style was initially Latin rock with jazz and funk influences, and later developed into a more disco-orientated sound.
Liberius (praetorian prefect)
Petrus Marcellinus Felix Liberius (c. 465 – c. 554) was a Late Roman aristocrat and official, whose career spanned seven decades in the highest offices of both the Ostrogothic Kingdom of Italy and the Eastern Roman Empire. He held the highest governmental offices of Italy, Gaul, and Egypt, "an accomplishment not often recorded – Caesar and Napoleon Bonaparte are the only parallels that come to mind!" as James O'Donnell observes in his biographical study of the man.

Artabanes
Artabanes (Greek: Ἀρταβάνης, Armenian: Արտաւան Artawan, from Parthian Artawân, fl. 538–554) was an Eastern Roman (Byzantine) general of Armenian origin who served under Justinian I (r. 527–565). Initially a rebel against Byzantine authority, he fled to the Sassanid Persians but soon returned to Byzantine allegiance. He served in Africa, where he won great fame by killing the rebel general Guntharic and restoring the province to imperial allegiance. He became engaged to Justinian's niece Praejecta, but did not marry her due to the opposition of the Empress Theodora. Recalled to Constantinople, he became involved in a failed conspiracy against Justinian in 548/549, but wasn't punished severely after its revelation. He was soon pardoned and sent to Italy to fight in the Gothic War, where he participated in the decisive Byzantine victory at Casilinum.
Adipocere
Adipocere (/ˈædɪpəˌsɪər, -poʊ-/), also known as corpse wax, grave wax or mortuary wax, is a wax-like organic substance formed by the anaerobic bacterial hydrolysis of fat in tissue, such as body fat in corpses. In its formation, putrefaction is replaced by a permanent firm cast of fatty tissues, internal organs, and the face.

Saponification
Saponification is a process of cleaving esters into carboxylate salts and alcohols by the action of aqueous alkali. Typically aqueous sodium hydroxide solutions are used. It is an important type of alkaline hydrolysis. When the carboxylate is a long chain, its salt is called a soap. The saponification of ethyl acetate gives sodium acetate and ethanol:

C2H5O2CCH3  +  NaOH   →    C2H5OH  +  NaO2CCH3
Mandelieu-la-Napoule
Mandelieu-la-Napoule (French pronunciation: [mɑ̃dəljølanapul]; Occitan: Mandaluec la Napola; locally spelled Mandelieu-La Napoule) is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France. Located on the French Riviera, just to the southwest of Cannes and northeast of Théoule-sur-Mer, it had a population of 21,640 in 2023.

Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur
Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (commonly shortened to PACA), sometimes  known as Région Sud, is one of the eighteen administrative regions of France, located at the far southeastern point of the mainland. The main prefecture and largest city is Marseille, France's second largest city proper after Paris and the 2nd largest urban area when combined with Aix-en-Provence with over 1.9 million residents.
Amelia, Nebraska
Amelia is an unincorporated community in southwestern Holt County, Nebraska, United States.  It lies along local roads near Nebraska Highways 11 and 95, southwest of the city of O'Neill, the county seat of Holt County. The community is named for Amelia A. Bliss.  Although Amelia is unincorporated, it has a post office, with the ZIP code of 68711.

Holt County, Nebraska
Holt County is a county in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,127. Its county seat is O'Neill.

Holt County is in the Outback area of Nebraska.

In the Nebraska license plate system, Holt County is represented by the prefix 36 (it had the 36th-largest number of vehicles registered in the county when the license plate system was established in 1922).