hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dimethyl malonate
Dimethyl malonate is a diester derivative of malonic acid. It is a common reagent for organic synthesis used, for example, as a precursor for barbituric acid. It is also used in the malonic ester synthesis. It can be synthesized from dimethoxymethane and carbon monoxide.

Dimethyl malonate is used extensively in the fragrance industry as a raw material in the synthesis of jasmonates. For example, methyl dihydrojasmonate is synthesized from cyclopentanone, pentanal and dimethyl malonate. Hedione is used in almost all fine fragrances and is found in Christian Dior's Eau Sauvage and "Diorella", Hermes' "Voyage d'Hermes Parfum", Calvin Klein's "CKOne", Chanel's "Chanel No. 19", and Mark Jacob's "Blush", among others. As of 2009, Hedione was Firmenich's top selling compound by volume.

Hebei Chengxin is the world's largest producer of dimethyl malonate by volume and uses a chloroacetic acid/sodium cyanide process developed in the 1940s.

Malonic acid
Malonic acid  is a dicarboxylic acid with structure CH2(COOH)2. The ionized form of malonic acid, as well as its esters and salts, are known as malonates. For example, diethyl malonate is malonic acid's diethyl ester. The name originates from the Greek word μᾶλον (malon) meaning 'apple'.
Sonali Raut
Sonali Raut (born 23 December 1990) is an Indian actress and model who appears in Hindi films. She has been a Kingfisher Calendar Girl since 2010, and was 19 when she featured in the annual calendar. Raut made her acting debut with romantic-thriller film The Xpose in 2014 opposite Himesh Reshammiya and Yo Yo Honey Singh in a lead role. She was a contestant in the reality television show Bigg Boss 8 and Bigg Boss Marathi 6.

Bigg Boss Marathi season 6
Bigg Boss Marathi 6 is the sixth season of Marathi version of reality television show Bigg Boss broadcast in India. The grand premiere was held on 11 January 2026 on Colors Marathi and JioHotstar. Riteish Deshmukh hosted the show for the second time.
Black Widowers
The Black Widowers is a fictional men-only dining club created by Isaac Asimov for a series of sixty-six mystery stories that he started writing in 1971. Most of the stories were first published in Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine, though a few first appeared in Fantasy & Science Fiction, Isaac Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine, and the various book collections into which the stories were eventually gathered.

Asimov wrote "there are few stories I write that I enjoy as much as I enjoy my Black Widowers."

Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine
Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine is a bi-monthly American digest size fiction magazine specializing in crime fiction, particularly detective fiction, and mystery fiction. Launched in fall 1941 by Mercury Press, EQMM is named after the fictitious author Ellery Queen, who wrote novels and short stories about a fictional detective named Ellery Queen. From 1993, EQMM changed its cover title to be Ellery Queen Mystery Magazine (without the "'s"), but the table of contents still retains the full name.
Bob Pratt
Harold Robert "Bob" Pratt (31 August 1912 – 6 January 2001) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the South Melbourne Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL) and the Coburg Football Club in the Victorian Football Association (VFA).

Considered "arguably the best full-forward in the history of Australian rules", Pratt was one of the inaugural Legends inducted into the Australian Football Hall of Fame in 1996.

Known for spectacular diving and high-flying marks, Pratt topped South Melbourne's goalkicking for the first time in 1932 with 71 goals and for the next three seasons passed 100 goals. His total of 150 goals in 1934 was a VFL/AFL record which stood alone until Peter Hudson equalled it in 1971. Pratt also kicked ten or more goals in a game eight times, including 15 goals in a single game. His son, Bob Pratt Jr., also played for South Melbourne.

Spectacular mark
A spectacular mark (also known as a specky, speckie, speccy, screamer or hanger) is a mark (or catch) in Australian rules football that typically involves a player jumping up on the back of another player.

The spectacular mark has become a much celebrated aspect of the sport. Many of the winners of the Australian Football League's annual Mark of the Year competition could be considered 'speckies', and commentators will often call an individual specky "a contender" in reference to this competition and the mark's likeliness to win it.
Longhope railway station
Longhope railway station is a disused stone-built railway station that served the village of Longhope in Gloucestershire, England. Opened in 1855 with the line, it was located on the Great Western Railway line linking Ross-on-Wye and Gloucester. Longhope station was used in season to export locally produced jam and fruit. The station had a passing loop on what was a single track.

The station has been demolished but the waiting room still remains.

Hereford, Ross and Gloucester Railway
The Hereford, Ross and Gloucester Railway was a railway which ran for 22+1⁄2 miles (36.2 km) linking Hereford and Gloucester, England, via Ross-on-Wye. It was opened on 1 June 1855 as a 7 ft 1⁄4 in (2,140 mm) broad gauge line, it was amalgamated with the Great Western Railway in 1862. In 1869 the railway was converted to 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge. The railway was closed to passengers on 2 November 1964, freight services between Ross-on-Wye railway station and Grange Court railway station continued on until 1 November 1965.
Green River Knob
Green River Knob is the tallest point in the Knobs region of Kentucky, United States, with an elevation of 1,789 feet. It is also the highest point in Kentucky outside the Eastern Coalfield. It is located at the border of Casey and Pulaski Counties. Green River Knob can be seen from a long distance, with Pilot Knob in Powell County and Indian Fort Mountain near Berea, Kentucky providing the best views.

Casey County, Kentucky
Casey County is a county located in the U.S. Commonwealth of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,941.  Its county seat is Liberty. The county was formed in 1806 from the western part of Lincoln County and named for Colonel William Casey, a pioneer settler who moved his family to Kentucky in 1779. It is the only Kentucky county entirely in the Knobs region. Casey County is home to annual Casey County Apple Festival. It is considered part of the Appalachian region of Kentucky.
Anders Hejlsberg
Anders Hejlsberg (/ˈhaɪlzbɜːrɡ/; Danish: [ˈhɑjlsˌpɛɐ̯ˀ]; born 2 December 1960) is a Danish software engineer who co-designed several programming languages and development tools. He was the original author of Turbo Pascal and the chief architect of Delphi. He currently works for Microsoft as the lead architect of C# and core developer on TypeScript.

Nascom
The Nascom 1 and 2 were single-board computer kits issued in the United Kingdom in 1977 and 1979, respectively, based on the Zilog Z80 and including a keyboard and video interface, a serial port that could be used to store data on a tape cassette using the Kansas City standard, and two 8-bit parallel ports. At that time, including a full keyboard and video display interface was uncommon, as most microcomputer kits were then delivered with only a hexadecimal keypad and seven-segment display. To minimize cost, the buyer had to assemble a Nascom by hand-soldering about 3,000 joints on the single circuit board. Later on, a pre-built, cased machine named Nascom 3 was available; this used the Nascom 2 board.
Borsalino (film)
Borsalino is a 1970 French gangster film directed by Jacques Deray and starring Jean-Paul Belmondo, Alain Delon and Catherine Rouvel. It was entered into the 20th Berlin International Film Festival. In 2009, Empire named it No. 19 in a poll of "The 20 Greatest Gangster Movies You've Never Seen… Probably". A sequel, Borsalino & Co., was released in 1974 with Alain Delon in the leading role. The film is based on real-life gangsters Paul Carbone and François Spirito, who collaborated with Nazi Germany during the occupation of France in World War II (though this is not mentioned in the film).

Catherine Rouvel
Catherine Rouvel (born Catherine Vitale; 31 August 1939 in Marseille) is an acclaimed French actress. Her career spans from 1959 in television to 2004.

At 14, she took dance classes, which she abandoned in favor of theater. She made her debut with plays by Molière. She read Racine and, with Marie-France Boyer, founded the Théâtre Grignan (1956-1957), which became the Théâtre Quotidien de Marseille.

In film, she starred in Jean Renoir's Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe, Marcel Carné's Les Assassins de l'ordre and in the 1976 Jean-Jacques Annaud film Black and White in Color.
Aberdeen station (Baltimore and Ohio Railroad)
Aberdeen station is a former Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) station in Aberdeen, Maryland. The station was designed by architect Frank Furness, who designed some 40 stations for the B&O in Delaware, Maryland, and Pennsylvania. The station has deteriorated in condition mightily since B&O ended service in 1955, and was almost torn down in 2003. An eleventh hour agreement was made by CSX and the Historical Society of Harford County to save the building.  The station was transferred from the Historical Society of Harford County to the Aberdeen Historical Museum in 2016.

Aberdeen, Maryland
Aberdeen is a city located in Harford County, Maryland, United States, 26 miles (42 km) northeast of Baltimore. The population was 16,254 at the 2020 United States census. Aberdeen is the largest municipality in Harford County.

Aberdeen is part of the Baltimore-Towson Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA), which is the 20th-largest United States metropolitan area. The nearest city to Aberdeen is Havre de Grace, 4.8 miles (7.7 km) to the northeast.
Clytemnestra (dance)
Clytemnestra is a 90-minute ballet choreographed by Martha Graham. It premiered on April 1, 1958, at the Adelphi Theatre in New York with music composed by Halim El-Dabh and sets designed by Isamu Noguchi. Following Cave of the Heart, Errand into the Maze, and Night Journey, Clytemnestra continued Graham's series of choreography inspired by Greek mythology.

Martha Graham
Martha Graham (May 11, 1894 – April 1, 1991) was an American modern dancer, teacher and choreographer responsible for creating the Graham technique.

Graham danced and taught for over seventy years. She was the first dancer to perform at the White House, travel abroad as a cultural ambassador, and receive the highest civilian award of the US: the Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction. In her lifetime she received honors including the Key to the City of Paris and Japan's Imperial Order of the Precious Crown.
Knock Knock (2015 film)
Knock Knock is a 2015 thriller film directed by Eli Roth, who also co-wrote the script with Guillermo Amoedo and Nicolás López. The film stars Keanu Reeves, Lorenza Izzo and Ana de Armas. The film was released on October 9, 2015, by Lionsgate Premiere. Knock Knock is a remake of Death Game (shot in 1974, not released until 1977), which was directed by Peter S. Traynor and starred Sondra Locke and Colleen Camp. All three individuals had a hand in the production of Knock Knock, while Camp also had a cameo in the newer film.

Nicolás López (director)
Nicolás Javier López Fernández (born 16 March 1983) is a Chilean film director screenwriter and producer. He is known for comedies such as Promedio Rojo (2004), the Qué pena trilogy (2010–2012), and the Paz Bascuñán vehicles Sin filtro (2016) and No estoy loca (2018).
St. Olaf's Church in Tyrvää (book)
St Olaf's Church In Tyrvää – One Hundred and One Paintings is a book published in 2010 by Kirjapaja. In the book Pirjo Silveri describes how the medieval St Olaf's Church in Tyrvää, Sastamala, Finland was reconstructed by hand after it was burned in 1997. Finnish contemporary painters Kuutti Lavonen and Osmo Rauhala made all the paintings. The painting are presented in the book, as are the artists. The material for the book consists of thousands of photos, interviewing tapes, notes and press clippings.

The book includes tens of photos of the reconstruction work and of the new paintings.

The book is in English and in Finnish. It was launched July 3, 2010, at the Old Book Festival in Sastamala, Finland. The writer of the book Pirjo Silveri was called to document the whole process of painting the interior of the church.

Kuutti Lavonen
Kuutti Lavonen (born 7 February 1960 in Kotka, Finland) is a Finnish painter, photographer, and graphic artist, who has worked as professor at the Academy of Fine Arts (Finland). His poetry book Havahtumisia was published in 2005 by Kirjapaja.

Lavonen contributed to the book St. Olaf's Church in Tyrvää. With Osmo Rauhala he painted the interior of St Olaf's Church in Tyrvää, Finland, after it was torched by a pyromaniac.
Project Graham
Project Graham (also Graham and Meet Graham) is a lifelike figure depicting what a human would look like if the species evolved to survive car crashes. Created as part of a road safety campaign for the Transport Accident Commission (TAC) of Victoria, Australia, it was meant to symbolize the vulnerability of human bodies in such accidents.

Transport Accident Commission
The Transport Accident Commission (TAC) is the statutory insurer of third-party personal liability (CTP insurance in other states) for road accidents in the State of Victoria, Australia. It was established under the Transport Accident Act 1986.

Its purpose is to fund treatment and support services for people injured in transport accidents. The TAC's support covers medical and non-medical expenses incurred as a result of an accident, for example income support for people whose injuries prevent them from performing normal job duties, or return to work programs, and equipment or aids, such as wheelchairs or crutches that are recommended by a healthcare professional. Funding used by the TAC to perform these functions comes from compulsory payments made by Victorian motorists when they register their vehicles each year with VicRoads.

The TAC also has a duty to help reduce accidents on Victorian roads. It is responsible for the majority of road safety advertising in the state.
Orlik Aerobatic Team
Orlik Aerobatic Team (Zespół Akrobacyjny "ORLIK") is the aerobatic team of the Polish Air Force, formed in 1998 at the Polish Air Force Command College. Its first performance took place on April 15 1998, with its first foreign performance shortly later at the 1998 Royal International Air Tattoo at RAF Fairford. The team initially consisted of four pilots, with three formation pilots and one solo. Another solo pilot was added later on and at the end of 2000 the team increased to seven aircraft. Though it has also flown some seasons with nine aircraft, since 2011 the team flies seven aircraft.

The team receives its name from the aircraft it flies, the PZL-130 Orlik.

Polish Air Force
The Polish Air Force (Polish: Siły Powietrzne, lit. 'Air Forces') is the aerial warfare branch of the Polish Armed Forces. Until July 2004 it was officially known as Wojska Lotnicze i Obrony Powietrznej (lit. 'Aerial and Air Defense Forces'). In 2014 it consisted of roughly 26,000 military personnel and about 475 aircraft, distributed among ten bases throughout Poland.

The Polish Air Force can trace its origins to the second half of 1917 and was officially established in the months following the end of World War I in 1918. During the invasion of Poland by Nazi Germany in 1939, 70% of its aircraft were destroyed. Most pilots, after the Soviet invasion of Poland on 17 September, escaped via Romania and Hungary to continue fighting throughout World War II in allied air forces, first in France, then in Britain, and later also the Soviet Union.
Dumbwaiter
A dumbwaiter is a small freight elevator or lift intended to carry food. Dumbwaiters found within modern structures, including both commercial, public and private buildings, are often connected between multiple floors. When installed in restaurants, schools, hospitals, retirement homes or private homes, they generally terminate in a kitchen.

The term seems to have been popularized in the United States in the 1840s, after the model of earlier "dumbwaiters" now known as serving trays and lazy Susans. The mechanical dumbwaiter was invented by George W. Cannon, a New York City inventor. He first filed for the patent of a brake system (US Patent no. 260776) that could be used for a dumbwaiter on January 6, 1883, then for the patent on the mechanical dumbwaiter (US Patent No. 361268) on February 17, 1887. He reportedly generated vast royalties from the patents until his death in 1897.

Lazy Susan
A lazy Susan is a turntable (rotating tray) placed on a table or countertop to aid in distributing food. Lazy Susans may be made from a variety of materials but are usually glass, wood, or plastic. They are circular and placed in the centre of a table to share dishes easily among diners. Owing to the nature of Chinese cuisine, especially dim sum, they are common at formal Chinese restaurants both in mainland China and abroad. In Chinese, they are known as cānzhuō zhuànpán (餐桌转盘; 餐桌轉盤; 'dinner-table turntables').
G scale
In railway modelling, G scale or G gauge, also called large scale (45 mm (1.772 inches)), is a track gauge which is often used for outdoor garden railways because of its size and durability.  G scale trains use a fixed track gauge of 45 mm (1.772 inches) to accommodate a range of rail transport modelling scales between narrow gauge (~1:13‒1:19‒1:20), metre gauge (1:22.5), Playmobil trains (~1:24), and standard gauge (~1:29–1:32).

G-scale LGB (Lehmann Groß Bahn, "Lehmann's Big Train") was introduced in 1968 by Ernst Paul Lehmann Patentwerk in Germany.  LGB products were intended for indoor and outdoor use, so the "G" became interpreted as "garden scale".

Most track is made of brass which can remain outside in all weather. Track can also be obtained in less expensive aluminium as well as oxidation-resistant, though more expensive, stainless steel.

Like other scales, large scale is sometimes used for model trains that run indoors on a track mounted against the wall near the ceiling.

Garden railway
A garden railway or garden railroad is a model railway system set up outdoors in a garden. G Scale is the most popular scale for garden railroads, though 16 mm scale also has a following, especially in the United Kingdom. Model locomotives in this scale are often live steam scale models of British narrow gauge prototypes. 16 mm scale (which runs on 32 mm / 1.26 in) track, the same gauge as O gauge is probably now more popular in the UK than G scale.
Stary Pudłów
Stary Pudłów [ˈstarɨ ˈpudwuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Poddębice, within Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south of Poddębice and 38 km (24 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Poddębice
Gmina Poddębice is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Poddębice County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Poddębice, which lies approximately 37 kilometres (23 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 224.66 square kilometres (86.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 15,923 (out of which the population of Poddębice amounts to 7,875, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 8,048).
Mesannepada
Mesannepada (Sumerian: 𒈩𒀭𒉌𒅆𒊒𒁕, Mesannipàdda [MES-AN-NE2-PAD3-DA]), Mesh-Ane-pada or Mes-Anne-pada ("Youngling chosen by An"; died c. 2525 BC) was the first king listed for the First Dynasty of Ur on the Sumerian king list. He is listed to have ruled for 80 years, having overthrown Lugal-kitun of Uruk: "Then Unug (Uruk) was defeated and the kingship was taken to Urim (Ur)". In one of his seals, found in the Royal Cemetery at Ur, he is also described as king of Kish.

Tummal
Tummal (Tum-ma-alki or Tum-alki) was an ancient Near East cult site of the goddess Ninlil, as Egi-Tummal (Lady of Tummal), currently unlocated but known to be in the vicinity of Nippur and Drehem. E-Tummal (House of Tummal) (also E-kiur) was the temple to Ninlil located there. Texts from Drehem indicate that monthly lustrations, with animal offerings, for the goddess Nintinugga were being conducted at the temple of Ninlil in Tummal.
Household Finance and Consumption Survey (Ireland)
The Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS) is a statistical survey conducted by the Central Statistics Office (CSO) on behalf of the Central Bank of Ireland as part of the European Central Bank (ECB) Household Finance and Consumption Network (HFCN).

The HFCS is designed to collect household-level data on households’ finances and consumption, and is required by all Eurozone countries to facilitate comparable data analysis for the Euro area as a whole.

Central Statistics Office (Ireland)
The Central Statistics Office (CSO; Irish: An Phríomh-Oifig Staidrimh) is the statistical agency responsible for the gathering of "information relating to economic, social and general activities and conditions" in the Republic of Ireland (it does not operate in Northern Ireland), in particular the census which is held every five years. The office is answerable to the Taoiseach and has its main offices in Cork. The Director General of the CSO is Jennifer Banim.
King Solomon's Mines (2004 film)
King Solomon's Mines is a 2004 American two-part television miniseries, the fifth film adaptation of the 1885 novel of the same name by Henry Rider Haggard. Starring Patrick Swayze as Allan Quatermain (it is spelled Allan Quartermain in the credits, unlike the book, which has Allan Quatermain) and Alison Doody as Elizabeth Maitland, the film was produced by Hallmark Entertainment, and originally aired June 6, 2004, on Hallmark Channel.

King Solomon's Mines
King Solomon's Mines is an 1885 popular novel by the English Victorian adventure writer and fabulist H. Rider Haggard. Published by Cassell and Company, it tells of an expedition through an unexplored region of Africa by a group of adventurers led by Allan Quatermain, searching for the missing brother of one of the party. It is one of the first English adventure novels set in Africa and is considered to be the genesis of the lost world literary genre. It is the first of fourteen novels and four short stories by Haggard about Allan Quatermain.
Cyberdog
Cyberdog is a discontinued OpenDoc-based Internet suite of applications, developed by Apple Computer for the Mac OS line of operating systems. It was introduced as a beta in February 1996 and abandoned in March 1997. The last version, Cyberdog 2.0, was released on April 28, 1997. It worked with later versions of System 7 as well as the Mac OS 8 and Mac OS 9 operating systems.

Cyberdog derived its name from a cartoon in The New Yorker captioned "On the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog."

On the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog
"On the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog" is an adage and Internet meme about Internet anonymity which began as a caption to a cartoon drawn by Peter Steiner, published in the July 5, 1993, issue of the American magazine The New Yorker. The words are those of a large dog sitting on a chair at a desk, with a paw on the keyboard of the computer, speaking to a smaller dog sitting on the floor nearby. Steiner had earned between $200,000 and $250,000 by 2013 from its reprinting, by which time it had become the cartoon most reproduced from The New Yorker.  In 2023, the original was sold at auction for $175,000, setting a record for the highest price ever paid for a comic.