hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Medieval Serbian law
Serbian medieval law spans a period of time from the first half of the 7th century AD to the second half of the 15th century AD. While the origins of the Serbian medieval law can be traced back to folk customs and beliefs, the forms of written law started to appear owing to Serbian emperors, kings and archbishops of that era. It is through their charters and various codes that punishments were introduced and status, civil, criminal and procedural law started developing. Serbian medieval law was visibly influenced by the Byzantine law whose impact was profound.

Dušan's Code
Dušan's Code (Serbian: Душанов законик, romanized: Dušanov zakonik, known historically as Законь благовѣрнаго цара Стефана – Law of the pious Emperor Stefan) is a compilation of several legal systems that was enacted by Stefan Uroš IV Dušan of Serbia in 1349. It drew upon Roman law, Byzantine law, as well as elements of customary and canon law. It was used in the Serbian Empire and the succeeding Serbian Despotate.  It is considered an early constitution, or close to it; an advanced set of laws which regulated all aspects of life such as family relations, property rights, contracts, and crimes.
Boundaries of the Mind
Boundaries of the Mind (2004) is a thorough treatment of the role and conceptualization of the individual in psychology, by author Robert A. Wilson, a professor in the Department of Philosophy at the University of Alberta.

Robert Wilson (philosopher)
Robert Andrew Wilson FRSC (born 1964) is an Australian philosopher who has worked in Canada, the United States, and Australia. He has been professor of philosophy at the University of Western Australia since November 2019, after teaching previously at La Trobe University (2017–2019), the University of Alberta (from 2000 to 2017), the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign (1996–2001), where he was a member of the Cognitive Science Group at the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, and at Queen's University (1992–1996).
Levels of Life
Levels of Life is a 2013 memoir by English author Julian Barnes, dedicated to his wife Pat Kavanagh, a literary agent who died in 2008.

The book comprises three essays:

The Sin of Height: The first essay explores Anglo-French ballooning in the 19th century, concentrating on photographer and inventor Gaspard-Félix Tournachon, later known simply as Nadar, who combined photography and aeronautics as the first aerial photographer. Also appearing are English colonel and pioneer balloonist Fred Burnaby and Sarah Bernhardt, who was photographed several times by Nadar.

On the Level: Here Barnes fictionalizes the relationship between Burnaby and Bernhardt.

The Loss of Depth: Barnes contemplates his wife's no longer being there: "the fact that someone is dead may mean that they are not alive, but doesn't mean that they do not exist."

Julian Barnes
Julian Patrick Barnes (born 19 January 1946) is an English writer. He won the Man Booker Prize in 2011 with The Sense of an Ending, having been shortlisted three times previously with Flaubert's Parrot, England, England, and Arthur & George. Barnes has also written crime fiction under the pseudonym Dan Kavanagh (having married Pat Kavanagh). In addition to novels, Barnes has published collections of essays and short stories, as well as two memoirs and a nonfiction book, The Man in the Red Coat, about people of Belle Époque Paris in the arts.

In 2004, he became a Commandeur of L'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres. His honours also include the Somerset Maugham Award and the Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize. He was awarded the 2021 Jerusalem Prize.
John Rawson, 1st Viscount Clontarf
John Rawson, 1st and only Viscount Clontarf (c. 1470–1547) was an English-born statesman in sixteenth-century Ireland, and was regarded as one of the mainstays of English rule in the Kingdom of Ireland. He was the last Prior of the Kilmainham house of the Order of St John of Jerusalem. The Knights Hospitaller, as they were usually known, were a fighting order of monks, and Rawson himself was an experienced soldier who took part in the Siege of Rhodes (1522).

Despite taking holy orders, he was not celibate, and he fathered several illegitimate children. At the Reformation, with no apparent reluctance, he surrendered all his Order's properties to the English Crown in return for a pension and the title of viscount.

Siege of Rhodes (1522)
The siege of Rhodes of 1522 was the second and ultimately successful attempt by the Ottoman Empire to expel the Knights of Rhodes from their island stronghold and thereby secure Ottoman control of the Eastern Mediterranean. The first siege in 1480 had been unsuccessful. Despite very strong defenses, the walls were demolished over the course of six months by Turkish artillery and mines.
Arzni
40°17′47″N 44°35′45″E﻿ / ﻿40.29639°N 44.59583°E﻿ / 40.29639; 44.59583

Arzni (Armenian: Արզնի, Syriac: ܐܪܙܢܝ, Russian: Арзни), is a resort village in the Kotayk Province of Armenia located on in the Hrazdan canyon. Modern village was founded on the place of old Armenian village called Arzni and mentioned by Movses Khorenatsi during the 19th century by Assyrian Christians who migrated to Eastern Armenia from Iran. The village is predominantly inhabited by Assyrians.

Kotayk Province
Kotayk (Armenian: Կոտայք, Armenian pronunciation: [kɔˈtɑjkʰ] ⓘ), is a province (marz) of Armenia. It is located at the central part of the country. Its capital is Hrazdan and the largest city is Abovyan. It is named after the Kotayk canton of the historic Ayrarat province of Ancient Armenia.

Kotayk is bordered by Lori Province from the northwest, Tavush Province from the north, Gegharkunik Province from the north, Aragatsotn Province from the southwest, and Ararat Province from the southwest and the capital Yerevan from the west. Kotayk is the only province in Armenia that has no borders with foreign countries.

The province is home to many ancient landmarks and tourist attractions in Armenia including the 1st-century Garni Temple, the medieval Bjni Fortress, 11th-century Kecharis Monastery and the 13th-century monastery of Geghard. Kotayk is also home to the popular winter sports resort and the spa-town of Tsaghkadzor and the mountain resort of Aghveran.
See What's on the Inside
See What's on the Inside is the eighth studio album by English rock band Asking Alexandria. The album was released on 1 October 2021 through Better Noise Music and was produced by Matt Good. The album is the first release from the band under Better Noise Music.

Ben Bruce
Benjamin Paul Bruce (born 31 October 1988) is an English musician, best known as the lead guitarist and backing vocalist of rock band Asking Alexandria until his departure in January 2024.

Bruce founded Asking Alexandria in 2003, while living in Dubai. After this initial iteration broke up, he moved back to the United Kingdom and started the band again in 2009 with Danny Worsnop. Bruce has also performed as a solo artist.
John Stoddart (stage designer)
John Stoddart (born 1937) is an Australian opera stage designer. Born in Sydney, he began his career as an architect. On his first British commission in 1967, he designed the stage for Anthony Besch's production of Così fan tutte at the Scottish Opera, where he continued to work. In 2000 he collaborated with John Cox to stage Capriccio at the Sydney Opera House during the 2000 Summer Olympics. Aside from Capriccio, with Opera Australia he has designed the sets for The Magic Flute, Ariadne auf Naxos, Patience, The Beggar's Opera, Die Fledermaus, Les Huguenots, Don Carlos, A Streetcar Named Desire, Of Mice and Men, and Die tote Stadt.

Anthony Besch
Anthony John Elwyn Besch (5 February 1924 – 23 December 2002) was an English opera and theatre director. As a young man he worked at Glyndebourne assisting the directors Carl Ebert and Günther Rennert. His first work as an opera director was for Welsh National Opera in 1954. Among other British companies with whom he worked were Opera North, D'Oyly Carte, The Royal Opera, the Aldeburgh Festival and Garsington Opera. He was most closely associated with English National Opera (and its predecessor, Sadler's Wells Opera), Scottish Opera, and the New Opera Company.

Besch established an international reputation, and directed operas in continental Europe, North and South America and Australia. He was wary of "concept" productions, preferring to stage operas in a traditional manner, with what the critic Alan Blyth called "his scrupulous eye for what looked good and proved practical on stage."
Cadwalader Heights, Trenton, New Jersey
Cadwalader Heights is a neighborhood located within the city of Trenton in Mercer County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The neighborhood was designed by Frederick Law Olmsted and primarily consists of detached, single-family homes built from 1907 to 1930. Cadwalader Heights is just southeast of Cadwalader Park.

Cadwalader Park
Cadwalader Park is a city park located in Trenton, Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. The nearly 100 acres (0.40 km2) green space is Trenton's oldest park. It is named for Thomas Cadwalader, who lived for a while near Trenton where he became the chief burgess in 1746. Trenton's "central park" was designed by Frederick Law Olmsted.
Amana Nature Reserve
The Amana Nature Reserve (French: Réserve naturelle nationale de l'Amana) is a nature reserve in French Guiana, France. It has been protected because it is one of the world's largest leatherback sea turtle nesting sites. It is part of the communes of Awala-Yalimapo and Mana.

Awala-Yalimapo
Awala-Yalimapo (French pronunciation: [awala jalimapo]) is a commune on the north coast of French Guiana, close to the border with Suriname. The seat of the commune is the settlement of Awala where the town hall is located. Other settlements in the commune are: Yalimapo, Ayawande, and Piliwa. The majority of the inhabitants are Kaliña Amerindian people.
Abivax
Abivax SA is a clinical stage biotechnology company focused on developing innovative treatments that harness the body’s natural regulatory mechanisms to modulate the immune response in patients with chronic inflammatory diseases.

Abivax has a program in clinical development with its lead drug candidate, obefazimod (formerly ABX464), to treat ulcerative colitis. Another program in Crohn’s disease is also in preparation and other potential inflammatory indications are being evaluated.

The company’s headquarters are based in Paris, France with a US office in Waltham, Massachusetts. Abivax’s Research and development work is conducted at its research center based in Montpellier, France.

Obefazimod
Obefazimod is an investigational new drug that is being evaluated for the treatment of ulcerative colitis.  It is miR-124 micro RNA upregulator. Obefazimod was developed by the French biotech company Abivax SA, whose shares rose by more than 500% when the phase 3 data showed promising results.
Street Poetry
Street Poetry is the Finnish rock band Hanoi Rocks's eighth and final studio album. The album reached the top 10 on the Finnish charts, and succeeded very well elsewhere in Europe too. The first single spawned was "Fashion", and the second was an internet-only single "This One's for Rock'n'Roll". The album's release was celebrated at the Tavastia Club with three live shows, which were followed by a tour across Scandinavia, England and Japan.

The album's title comes from a time when the original Hanoi Rocks were living in London. A drifter was living in the London Underground Ladbroke Grove-station, where he wrote poems of things he saw. He was called a "Street Poet", and hence the title "Street Poetry".

Some reviews said that the album was Hanoi Rocks' first real rock record since the 1980s.

Fashion (Hanoi Rocks song)
"Fashion" is a single by the Finnish rock and glam punk band Hanoi Rocks from the album Street Poetry. The single was released on 16 May 2007 in Finland and Europe and on 21 June in Japan. The single rose to number one on the Finnish singles list on 23 May.

The single also featured a cover of the Billy Bremner song "Trouble Boys".

Before the album's release, the band's guitarist Andy McCoy said that every song on the album had single-potential, but "Fashion" happened to be the first finished song.

A music video was also made which depicted the band performing on a catwalk with fashion models.
The Big Tree of Bunlahy
The Big Tree of Bunlahy: Stories of My Own Countryside is a 1932  children's short story anthology collected by Padraic Colum and illustrated by Jack Yeats. It contains thirteen stories based on the tales told to the author in his hometown of Bunlahy, County Longford, Ireland, under the titular tree. It received a Newbery Honor in 1933.

Padraic Colum
Padraic Colum (8 December 1881 – 11 January 1972) was an Irish poet, novelist, dramatist, biographer, playwright, children's author and collector of folklore. He was one of the leading figures of the Irish Literary Revival.
Sharon Kao
Sharon Kao (Chinese: 高靖榕; pinyin: Gāo Jìng-Róng; Wade–Giles: Kao Jing-rong; born 22 August 1991) is a Taiwanese actress. She is mixed with Bunun descent (Austronesian) and Chinese.
In 2006, she starred in a TV series Curly Hair produced by Public Television Service Taiwan. She starred in Leaving Gracefully in 2011. In 2014, she made a cameo appearance in Lucy as a TV News Reporter which directed by Luc Besson. In 2016, she starred in Lokah Laqi and won Best New Talent at the 18th Taipei Film Awards. She got married in 2017 in California. Her aunt is Taiwanese singer Sammi Kao.

Hang in There, Kids!
Hang in There, Kids! (Atayal: Lokah Laqi; Chinese: 只要我長大) is a 2016 Taiwanese drama film directed by Laha Mebow. It was selected as the Taiwanese entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 89th Academy Awards but it was not nominated.
Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905
The Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905, also known as the Eulsa Treaty (Korean: 을사조약), was made between delegates of the Empire of Japan and the Korean Empire in 1905. Negotiations were concluded on November 17, 1905. The treaty deprived Korea of its diplomatic sovereignty and made Korea a protectorate of Imperial Japan. It resulted from Imperial Japan's victory in the Russo-Japanese War in 1905.

I Wail Bitterly Today
I Wail Bitterly Today (Korean: 『시일야방성대곡』; Hanja: 『是日也放聲大哭』; alternatively 『이 날에 목놓아 통곡하노라』) is a historic Korean-language newspaper editorial. It was originally published on November 20, 1905 in the Hwangsŏng Shinmun, and written by Chang Chi-yŏn, the editor-in-chief of the newspaper.
Mockingbird Lane
Mockingbird Lane is a 2012 American horror comedy television special that served as a re-imagining of the 1964–66 television series The Munsters. It was developed for NBC by Bryan Fuller. The pilot episode aired on October 26, 2012, as a Halloween special, and lead into a Halloween-themed episode of the television series Grimm, with the option for a series order. The special was viewed by 5.47 million American viewers and gained a 1.5/5 ratings share for adults aged 18–49, and the concept was not picked up by NBC as a series.

Jerry O'Connell
Jeremiah O'Connell (born February 17, 1974) is an American actor and TV show host. He is known for his roles as Quinn Mallory in the television series Sliders, Andrew Clements in My Secret Identity, Vern Tessio in the film Stand by Me (1986), Joe in Joe's Apartment (1996), Frank Cushman in Jerry Maguire (1996), Derek in Scream 2 (1997), Michael in Tomcats (2001), Charlie Carbone in Kangaroo Jack (2003), and Detective Woody Hoyt on the NBC drama Crossing Jordan. He starred as Pete Kaczmarek in the single 2010–2011 season of The Defenders. He also had a starring role in the comedy horror film Piranha 3D (2010). Recently, he voiced Commander Jack Ransom on the animated series Star Trek: Lower Decks and hosted a version of Pictionary syndicated on Fox stations.
Lady Rose's Daughter
Lady Rose's Daughter is a 1920 American silent drama film starring Elsie Ferguson and David Powell with directing being from Hugh Ford. It was produced by Famous Players–Lasky and released through Paramount Pictures. The film was based on a stage play performed in 1903 on Broadway. Both the film and the play were based on the famous 1903 novel by Mrs. Humphry Ward. The actress Ida Waterman had appeared in the original 1903 Broadway play.

As with most of Elsie Ferguson's silent films, it is now considered to be a lost film.

Hugh Ford (director)
Hugh Ford (February 5, 1868 – December 29, 1942) was an American stage actor, director, and producer. He performed on stage as an actor from 1889 through 1904. From 1898 on he also directed plays: for stock companies, the F. F. Proctor organization, Liebler & Company, and later as an independent through 1932. His Broadway credits span over forty years as performer and creative crew; he also adapted and wrote several plays, and an article on modern stagecraft as employed in early films. He worked in the silent film industry for eight years, directing 31 films and writing for 19 between 1913 and 1921. This film experience later proved useful when he directed and co-produced the Kaufman and Connelly Broadway hit, Merton of the Movies, which ran an entire season for nearly 400 performances. Ford retired in 1932, devoting himself to landscape art until his death ten years later.
Ichi (scarification)
Ichi Listenⓘ was a form of facial ritual scarification worn by mainly men of the Igbo people of Nigeria. The scarification indicated that the wearer had passed through initial initiation into the aristocratic Nze na Ozo society, thus marking the wearer as nobility. Echoes of this tradition are found in the contemporary derivative word Ichie, which denotes a member of a class of titled chieftains amongst the Igbo.

Nigerian Chieftaincy
The Nigerian Chieftaincy is the chieftaincy system that is native to Nigeria. Consisting of everything from the country's monarchs to its titled family elders, the chieftaincy as a whole is one of the oldest continuously existing institutions in Nigeria and is legally recognized by its government.
Ghulam Fatima
Ghulam Fatima (born 5 October 1995) is a Pakistani cricketer who plays as a right-arm leg break bowler. She appeared in three One Day Internationals and two Twenty20 Internationals for Pakistan in 2017 and 2018. She has played domestic cricket for the Higher Education Commission and State Bank of Pakistan.

She made her One Day International debut against South Africa in the 2017 Women's Cricket World Cup Qualifier on 7 February 2017. She made her Twenty20 International debut against Sri Lanka on 28 March 2018. She was part of Pakistan's team at the 2022 Women's Cricket World Cup in New Zealand.

State Bank of Pakistan women's cricket team
The State Bank of Pakistan women's cricket team is a Pakistani women's cricket team, sponsored by the State Bank of Pakistan. They competed in the National Women's Cricket Championship, the Women's Cricket Challenge Trophy and the Departmental T20 Women's Championship between 2016 and 2018–19.
Tasmanian Labor Party
The Tasmanian Labor Party, commonly referred to simply as Tasmanian Labor, is a social democratic political party in Tasmania. It is the Tasmanian branch of the Australian Labor Party. Following the 2025 Tasmanian state election, the party is led by Josh Willie, and since 2014 has formed the official opposition in Tasmania, losing 5 consecutive state elections.

John Earle (Australian politician)
John Earle (15 November 1865 – 6 February 1932) was an Australian politician who served as Premier of Tasmania from 1914 to 1916 and also for one week in October 1909. He later served as a Senator for Tasmania from 1917 to 1923. Prior to entering politics, he worked as a miner and prospector. He began his career in the Australian Labor Party (ALP), helping to establish a local branch of the party, and was Tasmania's first ALP premier. However, he was expelled from the party during the 1916 split and joined the Nationalists, whom he represented in the Senate.
Freddy Beras Goico metro station
Freddy Beras Goico is a Santo Domingo Metro station on Line 2. It was open on 1 April 2013 as part of the inaugural section of Line 2 between María Montez and Eduardo Brito. The station is located between Pedro Mir and Juan Ulises García Saleta.

This is an underground station built below Avenida John F. Kennedy. It is named in honor of Freddy Beras-Goico.

Freddy Beras-Goico
Freddy Reinaldo Antonio Beras-Goico (November 21, 1940 – November 18, 2010), popularly known as "Freddy Beras" or just "Beras-Goico", was a Dominican comedian, TV presenter, writer and media personality for over 30 years. He hosted the TV show El Gordo de La Semana and he was a staple of primetime (and late night) TV. He was one of the most recognized personalities in the Dominican Republic.
Horfield
Horfield is a suburb of the city of Bristol, in southwest England. It lies on Bristol's northern edge, its border with Filton marking part of the boundary between Bristol and South Gloucestershire. Bishopston lies directly to the south. Monks Park and Golden Hill are to the west. Lockleaze and Ashley Down are on the eastern fringe. The Gloucester Road (A38) runs north–south through the suburb.

Horfield is also the name of an electoral ward for Bristol City Council. The ward includes Monks Park and Southmead Hospital, but does not include the southern part of Horfield, including Horfield Common and Horfield Prison, which is in Bishopston ward.

A38 road
The A38, parts of which are known as Devon Expressway, Bristol Road and Gloucester Road, is a major A-class trunk road in England.

The road runs from Bodmin in Cornwall to Mansfield in Nottinghamshire. It is 292 miles (470 km) long, making it the longest two digit A road in England. It was formerly known as the Leeds–Exeter Trunk Road, when this description also included the A61. Before the opening of the M5 motorway in the 1960s and 1970s, the A38 formed the main "holiday route" from the Midlands to Somerset, Devon and Cornwall.

Considerable lengths of the road in the West Midlands closely follow Roman roads, including part of Icknield Street. Between Worcester and Birmingham the current A38 follows the line of a Saxon salt road.

For most of the length of the M5 motorway, the A38 road runs alongside it as a single carriageway road.
Chinna Durai (1999 film)
Chinna Durai is a 1999 Indian Tamil-language drama film directed by R. Chandra. The film stars Sarathkumar and Roja whilst Sithara, Vijayakumar and Manivannan play supporting roles. It was released on 13 March 1999.

R. Sarathkumar
Ramanathan Sarathkumar (born 14 July 1954) is an Indian actor, politician and former bodybuilder who works predominantly in Tamil cinema in addition to Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada and Hindi films. He has acted in more than 150 films and won two Tamil Nadu State Film Awards and three Filmfare Awards South.

Originally a bodybuilder and later journalist, in 1986, Sarathkumar started his acting career in the Telugu film Samajamlo Sthree. He first acted in negative roles, and later played supporting roles before establishing himself as a lead actor in subsequent years, earning him the titles Super Hero and Supreme Star in Tamil cinema.

In 2007, he launched a new political party All India Samathuva Makkal Katchi (AISMK) in Tamil Nadu, claiming to carry out the ideals of K. Kamaraj. He is the former Member of Legislative Assembly of Tenkasi constituency. He served as the president of the Nadigar Sangam from 2006 to 2015 for three consecutive terms.