hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jacqueline Zadoc-Kahn Eisenmann
Jacqueline Zadoc-Kahn Eisenmann (13 January 1904 – 15 May 1998) was a French physicist. She was born in Paris to Suzanne Lang and Dr. Léon Zadoc-Kahn, former Chief Medical Officer of the Rothschild Hospital in Paris and president of the central committee of Keren haYesod France.  Her grandfather was Zadoc Kahn, the chief rabbi of France.

Léon Zadoc-Kahn
Léon Zadoc-Kahn (2 September 1870 – 23 November 1943) was a French medical doctor, the Chief Medical Officer of the Rothschild Hospital, Paris, treasurer of the Curie Foundation and the Chair of the Central Committee of Keren haYesod, France. During the time of Vichy France, he was arrested and transported with his wife from his homeland to Auschwitz Concentration Camp where they were murdered.
Blake Channel
Blake Channel is a channel in Southeast Alaska, United States. It extends 19.3 kilometres (12.0 mi), separating the southeastern part of Wrangell Island from the mainland. It was first traversed and charted in 1793 by James Johnstone, one of George Vancouver's officers during his 1791-95 expedition. It is about 12miles long and is known for its 0 feet elevation.t It is positioned close to the Wrangell community and is nearer to the Zimovia Strait and Eastern Passage.It is surrounded the Blake and Neptune Islands, and the Berg mountain.

James Johnstone (explorer)
James Johnstone (c. 1759 – 1823) was a British naval officer and explorer. He is noted for having served as sailing master of the armed tender HMS Chatham and later acting lieutenant during George Vancouver's 1791–1795 expedition to the Pacific Northwest. Johnstone Strait in British Columbia is named after him.
Kensington Gardens
Kensington Gardens, once part of the private gardens of Kensington Palace, are now among the Royal Parks of London and largely open to the public. The gardens are shared by the City of Westminster and the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea and sit immediately to the west of Hyde Park, in west London. The gardens cover an area of 107 hectares (265 acres). The open spaces of Kensington Gardens, Hyde Park, Green Park, and St. James's Park together form an almost continuous "green lung" in the heart of London. Kensington Gardens are Grade I listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.

Physical Energy (sculpture)
Physical Energy is a bronze equestrian statue by the English artist George Frederic Watts.  Watts was principally a painter, but also worked on sculptures from the 1870s.  Physical Energy was first cast in 1902, two years before his death, and was intended to be Watts's memorial to "unknown worth".  Watts said it was a symbol of "that restless physical impulse to seek the still unachieved in the domain of material things".  The original plaster maquette is at the Watts Gallery, and there are four full-size bronze casts: one in London, one in Cape Town, one in Harare and one that will  be sited at Watts Gallery – Artists' Village in Compton, Surrey. Other smaller bronze casts were also made after Watts's death.
Patos Island
Patos Island is a small island in the San Juan Islands of the U.S. state of Washington. Since 1893, it has been home to the Patos Island Lighthouse, guiding vessels through Boundary Pass between Canada and the United States.

The island and adjacent islets comprise Patos Island State Park, a 207-acre (0.84 km2) marine park with 20,000 feet (6,100 m) of saltwater shoreline. The Washington State Parks and Recreation Commission began operating Patos Island as a state park under a lease agreement with the Bureau of Land Management in 1974. The entire island is owned by the federal government and is administered by the Bureau of Land Management's Wenatchee Office. The Washington State Parks and Recreation Commission operates a small campground facility at Active Cove near the west side of the island, maintains a 1.5-mile (2.4 km) loop trail, and has two offshore mooring buoys.

Boundary Pass
Boundary Pass is a strait that runs for about 23 kilometres (12 nmi) along the boundary between the U.S. state of Washington and the Canadian province of British Columbia. It connects Haro Strait to the south with the Strait of Georgia to the north.

The USGS defines its northern boundary as a line extending from East Point on Saturna Island to Alden Point on Patos Island. Its southeastern boundary is a line from Alden Point on Patos Island to Point Hammond on Waldron Island then from Sandy Point on Waldron Island to Charles Point on Stuart Island. Its southwestern boundary is a line connecting Turn Point on Stuart Island to Point Fairfax on Moresby Island. Its western boundary is a line running from Pelorus Point on Moresby Island to Wallace Point on North Pender Island then to Tilly Point on South Pender Island then from Teece Point on South Pender Island to Taylor Point on Saturna Island.
Optic lobe (arthropods)
The optic(al) lobe of arthropods is a structure of the protocerebrum that sits behind the arthropod eye (mostly compound eyes) and is responsible for the processing of the visual information. It is made up of three layers:

Lamina (ganglionaris)

responsible for contrast enhancement through lateral inhibition

Medulla

processes movement and shows movement direction sensitivity. Possesses local motion detectors

Lobula

integrates information from large areas of the visual field to abstract visual information and object recognition
Lobula platewide-field motion vision

Arthropod eye
Apposition eyes are the most common form of eye, and are presumably the ancestral form of compound eye.  They are found in all arthropod groups, although they may have evolved more than once within this phylum.
Some annelids and bivalves also have apposition eyes. They are also possessed by Limulus, the horseshoe crab, and there are suggestions that other chelicerates developed their simple eyes by reduction from a compound starting point. Some caterpillars appear to have evolved compound eyes from simple eyes in the opposite fashion.

The arthropods ancestrally possessed compound eyes, but the type and origin of this eye varies between groups, and some taxa have secondarily developed simple eyes.  The organ's development through the lineage can be estimated by comparing groups that branched early, such as the velvet worm and horseshoe crab to the advanced eye condition found in insects and other derived arthropods.
Xiao Guodong
Xiao Guodong (Chinese: 肖国栋; born 10 February 1989) is a Chinese professional snooker player who has won two ranking events. He turned professional in 2007 after winning the Asian Under-21 Championships. He won his first ranking event 17 years after first turning professional at the 2024 Wuhan Open, beating Si Jiahui 10–7 in only the third all-Chinese ranking event final. He also took part in the first ever all-Chinese ranking event final, when he lost 6–10 to Ding Junhui in the 2013 Shanghai Masters. In 2025, he retained his Wuhan Open title, defeating Gary Wilson 10‍–‍9 in the final, becoming only the fourth player in professional snooker history to defend their maiden ranking title, after John Parrott, Mark Allen and Wilson himself.

David Gilbert (snooker player)
David Gilbert (born 12 June 1981) is an English professional snooker player who has won one ranking title. Never having previously been beyond the last 16 of a ranking event, Gilbert reached the final of the 2015 International Championship where he lost 5–10 to John Higgins. On 22 January 2019 he hit the milestone of the 147th maximum break, in the Championship League. On 4 May 2019 he narrowly missed out on his first World Snooker Championship final, losing 16–17 to John Higgins in the semi-final. On 13 August 2021 Gilbert won his first world ranking title, the 2021 Championship League, beating Mark Allen 3–1 in the final.
The Girl of the Golden West (1938 film)
The Girl of the Golden West is a 1938 American musical Western film adapted from the 1905 play of the same name by David Belasco, better known for providing the plot of the opera La fanciulla del West by Giacomo Puccini. A frontier woman falls in love with an outlaw.

The Girl of the Golden West (play)
The Girl of the Golden West is a theatrical play written, produced and directed by David Belasco, set in the California Gold Rush. The four-act melodrama opened at the old Belasco Theatre in New York on November 14, 1905 and ran for 224 performances. Blanche Bates originated the role of The Girl, Robert C. Hilliard played Dick Johnson, and Frank Keenan played Jack Rance. Bates was joined by Charles Millward and Cuyler Hastings for two-week Broadway runs in 1907 and 1908. William Furst composed the play's incidental music. The play toured throughout the US for several years.

The play has been adapted numerous times, most notably as the 1910 opera La fanciulla del West by Giacomo Puccini. It was also made into four films, all titled The Girl of the Golden West, in 1915, 1923, 1930 and 1938. In 1911, Belasco wrote a novel based on the play.
The Toilers (1928 film)
The Toilers is a 1928 American synchronized sound drama film starring Douglas Fairbanks Jr. and Jobyna Ralston and directed by Reginald Barker. While the film has no audible dialog, it was released with a synchronized musical score with sound effects using both the sound-on-disc and sound-on-film process.
The soundtrack was recorded using the Tiffany-Tone process using RCA Photophone equipment. The film is important historically as being Tiffany's first sound feature. In the film, Fairbanks plays one of the toilers (coal miners), while Ralston plays his sweetheart.

Douglas Fairbanks Jr.
Douglas Elton Fairbanks Jr. KBE (December 9, 1909 – May 7, 2000) was an American actor, producer, and United States Navy officer. He was a leading man during the Golden Age of Hollywood, notably in adventure and swashbuckling roles like in The Prisoner of Zenda (1937), Gunga Din (1939), and The Corsican Brothers (1941). He was the son of Douglas Fairbanks and the stepson of Mary Pickford.  Fairbanks, Jr. "picked up his father's swashbuckling style and later cut a dash in high society and royal circles." His first marriage was to actress Joan Crawford.

Fairbanks was a decorated Naval officer during the Second World War, overseeing the Beach Jumpers special warfare unit. For his war service, he received several military accolades including the Silver Star, the Legion of Merit, the French Legion of Honour and Croix de Guerre, and the British Distinguished Service Cross.
Jameh Mosque of Ardestan
The Jāmeh Mosque of Ardestan (Persian: مسجد جامع اردستان, romanized: Masjid-e Jāmeh Ardestan) is a congregational mosque (Jāmeh) in Ardestan, Isfahan province, Iran.

The oldest parts indicate a pre-Seljuk building, and it is possible the mosque was built on the site of a Chahartaq. The structure was incorporated in a Seljuk kiosk mosque in the 12th century CE, and further expanded to the classical four-iwan plan. The stucco decoration of the mihrab was altered during the Ilkhanate.

The mosque was added to the Iran National Heritage List on 9 July 1932, administered by the Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicrafts.

Iwan
An iwan (Persian: ایوان, eyvān, also romanized as ivan or ivān/īvān, Arabic: إيوان, ’īwān) is a rectangular hall or space, usually vaulted, walled on three sides, with one end entirely open. The formal gateway to the iwan is called pishtaq, a Persian term for a portal projecting from the facade of a building, usually decorated with calligraphy bands, glazed tilework, and geometric designs. Since the definition allows for some interpretation, the overall forms and characteristics can vary greatly in terms of scale, material, or decoration.

Iwans are most commonly associated with Islamic architecture; however, the form is pre-Islamic Iranian in origin and was invented much earlier and fully developed in Mesopotamia around the third century CE, during the Parthian period.
The Unexcused Hour (1957 film)
The Unexcused Hour (German: Die unentschuldigte Stunde) is a 1957 Austrian-West German comedy film directed by Willi Forst and starring Adrian Hoven, Erika Remberg and Hans Moser. It is a remake of the 1937 film of the same title. It was shot at the Sievering Studios in Vienna. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Karl-Hermann Joksch, Isabella Schlichting and Werner Schlichting.

Willi Forst
Willi Forst, born Wilhelm Anton Frohs (7 April 1903 – 11 August 1980) was an Austrian actor, screenwriter, film director, film producer and singer. As a debonair actor he was a darling of the German-speaking film audiences, as a director, one of the most significant makers of the Viennese period musical melodramas and comedies of the 1930s known as Wiener Filme. From the mid-1930s he also recorded many records, largely of sentimental Viennese songs, for the Odeon Records label owned by Carl Lindström AG.
Naanum Single Thaan
Naanum Single Thaan (transl. I am also Single) is a 2021 Indian Tamil-language romantic comedy film directed by R. Gopi, starring Dinesh and Deepti Sati. It was produced by Jayakumar and Punnagai Poo Gheetha and co-produced by Sharmiela Mandre. It was released on 12 February 2021.

Sharmiela Mandre
Sharmiela Mandre (born 28 October 1987) is an Indian actress and producer who primarily works in Kannada films. She made her acting debut with Sajni (2006) and then received success with Krishna, the same year. Mandre turned producer with the Tamil film Evanukku Engeyo Matcham Irukku (2018).

Post her debut, she received praises for the Kannada films Venkata in Sankata (2009) and Swayamvara (2010). She made her Tamil debut with Mirattal (2012) and Telugu debut with Kevvu Keka (2013). For the latter, she received SIIMA Award for Best Female Debut – Telugu nomination. Mandre's other notable work include Aake (2017), Gaalipata 2 (2022) and Powder (2024).
Miguel María Lasa
Miguel María Lasa Urquía (born 4 November 1947) is a Spanish former road bicycle racer. He was born in Oiartzun. He won four stages in the Vuelta a España as well as the Points classification in 1975 Vuelta a España. He also finished on the podium of Vuelta a España four times (1972, 1974, 1975, 1977). He also won two stages in the Tour de France and three stages in the Giro d'Italia.

He also competed in the individual road race and the team time trial events at the 1968 Summer Olympics.

Oiartzun
Oiartzun (Basque: Oiartzun, Spanish: Oyarzun) is a town and municipality located in the Basque Country, in the province of Gipuzkoa lying at the foot of the massif Aiako Harria (Peñas de Aya in Spanish).
Skomack Mały
Skomack Mały [ˈskɔmat͡sk ˈmawɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wydminy, within Giżycko County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 12 km (7 mi) south of Wydminy, 23 km (14 mi) south-east of Giżycko, and 99 km (62 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Gmina Wydminy
Gmina Wydminy is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Giżycko County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Wydminy, which lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) east of Giżycko and 104 km (65 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The gmina covers an area of 233.46 square kilometres (90.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,650.
Moreton Corbet and Lee Brockhurst
52°48′58″N 2°39′22″W﻿ / ﻿52.816°N 2.656°W﻿ / 52.816; -2.656

Moreton Corbet and Lee Brockhurst is a civil parish in Shropshire, England.

It is the result of a merger of two older parishes - Moreton Corbet and Lee Brockhurst in 1988.

Lee Brockhurst
Lee Brockhurst is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Moreton Corbet and Lee Brockhurst, in the Shropshire district, in the ceremonial county of Shropshire, England. It is situated around 11 miles north-northeast of the county town of Shrewsbury. In 1961 the parish had a population of 120. On 1 April 1988 the parish was abolished to form "Moreton Corbet & Lee Brockhurst".

The River Roden flows nearby to the hamlet.
Giuseppe Crespi
Giuseppe Maria Crespi (14 March 1665 – 16 July 1747), nicknamed Lo Spagnuolo ("The Spaniard"), was an Italian late Baroque painter of the Bolognese School. His eclectic output includes religious paintings and portraits, but he is now most famous for his genre paintings.

Genre art
Genre art is the pictorial representation in any of various media of scenes or events from everyday life, such as markets, domestic settings, interiors, parties, inn scenes, work, and street scenes. Such representations (also called genre works, genre scenes, or genre views) may be realistic, imagined, or romanticized by the artist. Some variations of the term genre art specify the medium or type of visual work, as in genre painting, genre prints, genre photographs, and so on.

The following concentrates on painting, but genre motifs were also extremely popular in many forms of the decorative arts, especially from the Rococo of the early 18th century onwards. Single figures or small groups decorated a huge variety of objects such as porcelain, furniture, wallpaper, and textiles.
Peru High School
Peru High School, also known as "PHS", is a high school located in Peru, Indiana, United States, serving students in grades 9–12 for Peru Community Schools since 1972.  The former high school building, built in 1939 and now serving as headquarters of the Miami Nation of Indiana, is included in the Peru High School Historic District listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 2013. In 2023, Peru High School and Peru Jr. High School merged and became Peru Junior/Senior High School, also known as "PJSHS." Peru High School is now catered to children ranging from 7th-12th grade.

Peru High School Historic District
Peru High School Historic District is a historic school complex and national historic district located at Peru, Indiana.  It encompasses the Classical Revival style Central Grade School (c. 1922), Collegiate Gothic style Industrial Arts Building (c. 1926), and Art Deco style former high school (c. 1939).  The high school was built as a Works Progress Administration project along with the Tig-Arena and is a two-story masonry building.  The school yard is considered a contributing site.  The high school remained in use as a high school until the new Peru High School was built in 1969–1971.  Since 1990, the buildings have served as headquarters for the Miami Nation of Indiana.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2013.
Napf
The Napf is a mountain on the border between the Swiss cantons of Bern and Lucerne. With an altitude of 1,408 meters (4,619 ft), it is the summit of the Napfgebiet (Napf region), the hilly region lying between Bern and Lucerne. It is counted geologically as part of the Swiss plateau, although it is sometimes considered part of the Emmental Alps. The region is bounded by the Emmental to the south-west and the Entlebuch to the east. The region is traversed by the Brünig-Napf-Reuss line.

The peak is surrounded by steep hills that are a patchwork of evergreen forests and small mountain farms. Nearby towns include Romoos, Doppleschwand, Michlischwand, Luthern, and Menzberg.

Canton of Lucerne
The canton of Lucerne (German: Kanton Luzern [ˈkantɔn luˈtsɛrn]; Romansh: Chantun Lucerna; French: Canton de Lucerne; Italian: Cantone Lucerna) is a canton of Switzerland. It is located in the country's central, German-speaking part. The population of the canton (as of 31 December 2020) is 416,347. As of 2007, the population included 57,268 foreigners, or about 15.8% of the total population. The cantonal capital is the city of Lucerne.
William Ophuls
William Ophuls, the pen name of Patrick Ophuls, (born 1934) is an American political scientist, ecologist, independent scholar and author. He is known for his pioneering role in the modern environmental movement. His work focuses on some of the ecological, social, and political implications of modern industrial civilization.

Herman Daly
Herman Edward Daly (July 21, 1938 – October 28, 2022) was an American ecological and Georgist economist and professor at the School of Public Policy of University of Maryland, College Park in the United States, best known for his time as a senior economist at the World Bank from 1988 to 1994. In 1996, he was awarded the Right Livelihood Award for "defining a path of ecological economics that integrates the key elements of ethics, quality of life, environment and community."
Castello Maniace
The Castello Maniace is a citadel and castle in Syracuse, Sicily, southern Italy. It is situated at the far point of the Ortygia island promontory, where it was constructed between 1232 and 1240 by the Emperor Frederick II. It bears the name of George Maniakes, the Byzantine general who besieged and took the city in 1038. Originally, one could only enter the castle over a bridge spanning a moat (now filled). A feature of the castle is the decorated portal. Today the castle is open to the public and is a local tourist attraction in Syracuse.

Ortygia
Ortygia (/ɔːrˈtɪdʒiə/ or-TIJ-ee-ə; Italian: Ortigia [orˈtiːdʒa]; Ancient Greek: Ὀρτυγία, romanized: Ortygía) is a small island which is the historical centre of the city of Syracuse, Sicily. The island, also known as the Città Vecchia (Old City), contains many historical landmarks.

The name originates from the Ancient Greek órtyx (ὄρτυξ), which means "quail".
Salipur Assembly constituency
Salipur is a Vidhan Sabha constituency of Cuttack district, Odisha.

This constituency includes Salepur block and 11 Gram panchayats (Govindpur, Jaripada, Harianta, Napanga, Bhatimunda, Kanheipur, Uchapada, Kotsahi, Garudagaon, Safa and Salagaon) of Tangi-Chowdwar block.

Cuttack district
Cuttack district is one of the 30 districts of Odisha state in India. It is located in the coastal part of the state and its administrative headquarters are located in the city of Cuttack. As of 2011 Census, after Ganjam, it is the second most populous district of Odisha, with a population of 2,624,470. The name is an anglicized form of Kataka or Katak meaning Fort – referring to the Barabati Fort. The district is bisected by the river Mahanadi and its numerous distributaries and occupies a large portion of the river's delta. It is bounded by the Angul, Dhenkanal, Nayagarh and Khurda districts to the west while its southern and eastern boundaries touch Puri, Jagatsinghpur, Kendrapara and Jajpur districts.
Icelandic Digital Freedom Society
The Icelandic Digital Freedom Society (Icelandic abbreviation: FSFÍ), and also known as the Icelandic Society for Digital Freedoms, is an association aimed at providing legal support for digital freedoms in Iceland. FSFÍ is based out of Reykjavík, Iceland and was co-founded by Smári McCarthy, Tryggvi Björgvinsson, Hallgrímur H. Gunnarsson, Steinn E. Sigurðarson and Freyr G. Ólafsson.

Smári McCarthy
Smári McCarthy (Icelandic: [ˈsmauːrɪ mahˈkar̥ðɪ]; born 7 February 1984) is an Icelandic-Irish politician, innovator and information activist known for his work relating to direct democracy, transparency and privacy.
Finistère
Finistère (/ˌfɪnɪˈstɛər/; French: [finistɛʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Penn-ar-Bed [ˌpɛnarˈbeːt]) is a department of France in the extreme west of Brittany. Its prefecture is Quimper and its largest city is Brest. In 2019, it had a population of 915,090.

Cornouaille
Cornouaille (French pronunciation: [kɔʁnwaj] ⓘ; Breton: Kernev, Kerne) is a historical region on the west coast of Brittany in West France. The name is cognate with Cornwall in neighbouring Great Britain. This can be explained by the settlement of Cornouaille by migrant princes from Cornwall who created an independent principality founded by Rivelen Mor Marthou, and the founding of the Bishopric of Cornouaille by ancient saints from Cornwall. Celtic Britons and the settlers in Brittany spoke a common language, which later evolved into Breton, Welsh and Cornish.