hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
AOL Radio
AOL Radio was an online radio streaming service available exclusively in the United States. Originally powered by XM Satellite Radio and later CBS Radio and Slacker, the platform offered users access to more than 200 free digital stations.

CBS Radio
CBS Radio was a radio broadcasting company and radio network operator owned by CBS Corporation and founded in 1928, with consolidated radio station groups owned by CBS and Westinghouse Broadcasting/Group W since the 1920s, and Infinity Broadcasting since the 1970s. The broadcasting company was sold to Entercom (now known as Audacy, Inc.) on November 17, 2017.

Although CBS's involvement in radio dates back to the establishment of the original CBS Radio Network in 1927, the most recent radio division was formed by the 1997 acquisition of Infinity Broadcasting by CBS owner Westinghouse. In 1999, Infinity became a division of the original Viacom; in 2005, Viacom spun CBS and Infinity Broadcasting back into a separate company, and the division was renamed CBS Radio. It was the last radio group left to be tied to a major broadcast television network, as NBC divested its radio interests in the 1980s, and ABC sold off its division to Citadel Broadcasting (now part of Cumulus Media) in 2007.
Jejunum
The jejunum is the second part of the small intestine in humans and most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds.  Its lining is specialized for the absorption by enterocytes of small nutrient molecules which have been previously digested by enzymes in the duodenum.

The jejunum lies between the duodenum and the ileum and is considered to start at the suspensory muscle of the duodenum, a location called the duodenojejunal flexure. The division between the jejunum and ileum is not anatomically distinct. In adult humans, the small intestine is usually 6–7 m (20–23 ft) long (post mortem), about two-fifths of which (about 2.5 m (8.2 ft)) is the jejunum.

Circular folds
The circular folds (also known as valves of Kerckring, valves of Kerchkring, plicae circulares, plicae circulae, and valvulae conniventes) are large valvular flaps projecting into the lumen of the small intestine.
Isidor George Beaver
Isidor George Beaver (December 1859 – 24 October 1934) was an English architect who had a substantial career in Adelaide, South Australia and Melbourne, Victoria. He was also significant in the early history of ice skating in Australia.

His given name was often misspelt as "Isidore", and his surname as "Beavor" or "Beevor", and he was often referred to as J. G. Beaver, even in his own advertisements.

South Australian Institute of Architects
The South Australian Institute of Architects (SAIA) was a professional association for architects in South Australia, founded in 1886. It was preceded by the South Australian Association of Architects, Engineers, and Surveyors and the South Australian Architects' Association. In 1962 it became the South Australian Chapter of the Royal Australian Institute of Architects.
Chatsworth Television
Chatsworth Television was a British television production company, trading between 1973 and 2006. The best-known examples of their programmes are Treasure Hunt (Channel 4, 1982–1989 / BBC Two, 2002–2003), Interceptor (Thames Television for ITV, 1989–1990) and The Crystal Maze (Channel 4, 1990–1995).  The company also collaborated with Central Television in the production of the darts quiz show Bullseye.

Treasure Hunt (British game show)
Treasure Hunt is a UK game show, based on the format of the French show La Chasse aux trésors, created by Jacques Antoine. It appeared on Channel 4 between 28 December 1982 and 18 May 1989 and was revived by BBC Two between 16 December 2002 and 2 August 2003.
ARD International Music Competition
The ARD International Music Competition (German: Internationaler Musikwettbewerb der ARD) is the largest international classical music competition in Germany. It is organised by the Bayerischer Rundfunk and is held once a year in Munich, usually in September. Since its inception in 1952, it has become one of the most prestigious classical music competitions. In 1957, it became one of the founding members of the World Federation of International Music Competitions.

A prize at this competition has acted as a springboard for a career. Notable past winners and prize winners include: Yuri Bashmet, Myung-whun Chung, Christoph Eschenbach, Sol Gabetta, Alban Gerhardt, Natalia Gutman, Heinz Holliger, Nobuko Imai, Tsuyoshi Tsutsumi, Kim Kashkashian, François Leleux, Jessye Norman, Quatuor Ébène, Thomas Quasthoff, Jean-Guihen Queyras, Antoine Tamestit, Christian Tetzlaff, Alexandre Tharaud, Tokyo String Quartet, Mitsuko Uchida and Anne Sofie von Otter.

Christian Elsner
Christian Elsner (born 11 August 1965) is a German tenor in opera and concert, and an academic voice teacher at the Hochschule für Musik Karlsruhe. He focused first on lied and oratorio, then entered the opera stage in roles such as Handel's Tabarco and Mozart's Pedrillo. From 2007, he also performed roles such as Wagner's Siegmund and at international opera houses and festivals.
Human rights in the United Kingdom
Human rights in the United Kingdom concern the fundamental rights in law of every person in the United Kingdom. An integral part of the UK constitution, human rights derive from common law, from statutes such as Magna Carta, the Bill of Rights 1689 and the Human Rights Act 1998, from membership of the Council of Europe, and from international law.

Codification of human rights is recent, but the UK law had one of the world's longest human rights traditions. Today the main source of jurisprudence is the Human Rights Act 1998, which incorporated the European Convention on Human Rights into domestic litigation.

Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001
The Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 is a British Act of Parliament, formally introduced into Parliament on 19 November 2001, two months after the terrorist attacks in the United States on 11 September. The act received royal assent and came into force on 14 December 2001. Many of its measures are not specifically related to terrorism, and a Parliamentary committee was critical of the swift timetable for such a long bill including non-emergency measures.

The Act was widely criticized, with one commentator describing it as "the most draconian legislation Parliament has passed in peacetime in over a century". On 16 December 2004, the Law Lords ruled that Section 23 was incompatible with the European Convention on Human Rights, but under the terms of the Human Rights Act 1998 it remained in force. It has since been replaced by the Prevention of Terrorism Act 2005.
Hulftegg Pass
Hulftegg Pass is a mountain pass in the Appenzell Alps between the Swiss cantons of Zurich and St. Gallen, located at 954 metres (3,130 ft) altitude.

It connects Mühlrüti in the municipality of Mosnang and Steg in the municipality of Fischenthal in the Töss Valley. The road is also served by a PostAuto bus route that operates between Bütschwil railway station and the pass summit, which is extended to Steg during the warmer months.

The pass lies between the Toggenburg region in the canton of St. Gallen and the Töss Valley in the canton of Zurich. The pass road has a maximum grade of 10 percent. At the summit, located in the canton of St. Gallen, there is a popular restaurant, called Gasthaus Hulftegg, with a large parking lot and nearby bus stop. From the pass, there are hiking trails to climb the surrounding peaks, including the Hörnli and the Schnebelhorn.

Canton of Zurich
The canton of Zurich is an administrative unit (canton) of Switzerland, situated in the northeastern part of the country. With a population of 1,553,423 (as of 31 December 2020), it is the most populous canton of Switzerland. Zurich is the de facto capital of the canton, but is not specifically mentioned in the constitution. The official language is German. The local Swiss German dialect, called Züritüütsch, is commonly spoken.

The canton has the highest Human Development Index score (0.993) out of 1,790 subnational regions as of 2022. It is also a global financial center and has the fourth-highest GRP in Switzerland behind Basel-Stadt, Zug and Geneva by GDP per capita.
Llanddona transmitting station
The Llanddona transmitting station ((/lænˈdɒnæ/; Welsh: [ɬanˈðɔna]); Welsh pronunciationⓘ) is a broadcasting and telecommunications facility, situated at Llanddona, near Beaumaris, on the isle of Anglesey, Wales (grid reference SH583810). It comprises a 106.7 metres (350 ft) guyed mast with antennas attached at various heights. It is owned and operated by Arqiva.

Arqiva
Arqiva (/ɑːrˈkiːvə/) is a British telecommunications company which provides infrastructure, broadcast transmission and smart meter facilities in the United Kingdom. The company is headquartered at the former Independent Broadcasting Authority headquarters in Crawley, Hampshire, England. Its main customers are broadcasters and utility companies, and its main asset is a network of around 1,500 radio and television transmission sites. It is owned by a consortium of investors led by Digital 9 Infrastructure and the Australian investment house Macquarie Bank. Arqiva is a patron of the Radio Academy.

Through its Now Digital subsidiary, it operates various local digital radio ensembles.
Mārtiņš Ķibilds
Mārtiņš Ķibilds (July 23, 1973 – October 26, 2019) was a Latvian journalist.

Ķibilds hosted Gribi būt miljonārs?, a local version of the game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?, from its inception in 2002 until 2007. He was producer and host of shows such as Atslēgas, Adreses and Kultūrdeva. Ķibilds was also the chairman of Latvian Architects' Association.

Gribi būt miljonārs?
Gribi būt miljonārs? (English translation: Want to be a millionaire?) was a Latvian game show based on the original British format of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?.

The show was hosted by Ģirts Līcis (earlier by Mārtiņš Ķibilds).

Gribi būt miljonārs? was broadcast from 2002 to 2008. It was shown on the Latvian TV station TV3 on Wednesday at 20:20 (UTC+2).
Communes of the Jura department
The following is a list of the 492 communes of the Jura department of France.

The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025):

Communauté d'agglomération Espace Communautaire Lons Agglomération

Communauté d'agglomération du Grand Dole

Communauté de communes Arbois, Poligny, Salins – Cœur du Jura

Communauté de communes Bresse Haute Seille

Communauté de communes Champagnole Nozeroy Jura

Communauté de communes la Grandvallière

Communauté de communes Haut-Jura Arcade

Communauté de communes Haut-Jura Saint-Claude

Communauté de communes Jura Nord

Communauté de communes de la Plaine Jurassienne

Communauté de communes Porte du Jura

Communauté de communes de la Station des Rousses-Haut-Jura

Communauté de communes du Val d'Amour

Communauté de communes Terre d'Émeraude Communauté

Jura (department)
Jura (/ˈ(d)ʒʊərə/ JOOR-ə, ZHOOR-ə; French: [ʒyʁa] ⓘ) is a department in the northeastern French region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. The department takes its name from the Jura Mountains. Its prefecture is Lons-le-Saunier; subprefectures are Dole and Saint-Claude. In 2019, Jura had a population of 259,199. It has a short portion of the border of Switzerland.
Nils von Schoultz
Nils von Schoultz (October 7, 1807 – December 8, 1838) was a Swedish military officer, chemist, and adventurer of Finland-Swedish origin who led the Battle of the Windmill during the Upper Canada Rebellion in 1838.

Battle of the Windmill
The Battle of the Windmill was fought in November 1838 in the aftermath of the Upper Canada Rebellion. Loyalist forces of the Upper Canadian government and American troops, aided by the Royal Navy and the United States Navy, defeated an invasion by militants of a United States clandestine organization known as Hunter Patriots. The insurgents had intended using Windmill Point as a base for further offensives into Canada. Canadian, British, and American troops thwarted the invasion, successfully defending Canadian soil and forced the invaders to surrender. Others still in the U.S. were captured and arrested by U.S. officials.
Small Town Deb
Small Town Deb is a 1941 teenage comedy by 20th Century Fox directed by Harold Schuster and starring Jane Withers and Jane Darwell. Withers had a story credit on the film under the pseudonym Jerrie Walters and costumes were made by Herschel McCoy.

Harold Schuster
Harold D. Schuster (August 1, 1902 – July 19, 1986) was an American editor and film director. In 1937, he made Wings of the Morning, the first-ever three-strip Technicolor film shot in Europe.

Among the better-known films that Schuster directed are the 1954 film noir thriller Loophole and the 1957 Western Dragoon Wells Massacre.
Ragnhild Kåta
Ragnhild Tollefsen Kåta (23 May 1873 – 12 February 1947) was the first deafblind person in Norway who received proper schooling. Despite being deafblind, she learned to talk. The story of her success was an inspiration to Helen Keller.

Laura Bridgman
Laura Dewey Lynn Bridgman (December 21, 1829 – May 24, 1889) was the first deaf-blind American child to gain a significant education in the English language, forty-five years before the more famous Helen Keller; Bridgman’s friend Anne Sullivan became Helen Keller's aide. Bridgman was left deaf-blind at the age of two after contracting scarlet fever. She was educated at the Perkins Institution for the Blind where, under the direction of Samuel Gridley Howe, she learned to read and communicate using Braille and the manual alphabet developed by Charles-Michel de l'Épée.

For several years, Bridgman gained celebrity status when Charles Dickens met her during his 1842 American tour and wrote about her accomplishments in his American Notes. Her fame was short-lived, however, and she spent the remainder of her life in relative obscurity, most of it at the Perkins Institute, where she passed her time sewing and reading books in Braille.
Westmoreland County Transit Authority
The Westmoreland County Transit Authority (WCTA) is the operator of mass transportation in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania. Using 35 buses, a total of 18 routes are operated, the majority of which serve the urbanized corridor that makes up the western portion of the county. Bus routes in this area are designed to provide access for suburban commuters to Downtown Pittsburgh, as well as transportation for both workers and shoppers to the large suburbs of Greensburg and New Kensington, Pennsylvania the most prominent entities in the county's boundaries. Rural eastern bus routes allow for commutes to Greensburg and also provide service to the city of Johnstown in neighboring Cambria County.

The service was operated by Forsythe Transportation until July 2012 when acquired by National Express Transit.

On January 1, 2020 the WCTA began to directly operate service, after WCTA and National Express Transit mutually agree to terminate the existing contract.

Vandergrift, Pennsylvania
Vandergrift is a borough in Westmoreland County in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania, approximately 30 miles (48 km) northeast of Pittsburgh. In the early 20th century, Vandergrift had the largest sheet steel mill in the world.

On June 28, 1915, the Borough of Vandergrift Heights was consolidated with Vandergrift. As of the 2020 census, Vandergrift had a population of 5,075.
Chrystal (film)
Chrystal is an American independent Southern Gothic crime drama film, written and directed by Ray McKinnon and starring Billy Bob Thornton, Lisa Blount, Harry Lennix, Walton Goggins and Grace Zabriskie. The story is about a woman named Chrystal (Blount) who has been traumatized both physically and mentally from a car accident that took the life of her son. Joe (Thornton), Chrystal's husband, has just been released from jail after a 16-year sentence stemming from multiple crimes he committed. The film premiered at the 2004 Sundance Film Festival and was given a limited theatrical release on April 8, 2005.

Southern Gothic
Southern Gothic is an artistic subgenre of fiction, music, film, theatre, and television that is heavily influenced by Gothic elements and set in the American South. Southern Gothic fiction highlights violence and cruelty as features of Southern culture, often through characters whose place in the social order exposes them to such treatment. Common motifs include racism, gender and sexual difference, poverty and disability. Where Gothic literature depicted the intrusion of the barbaric past into the Enlightenment, Southern Gothic depicts the persistence of social trauma in the reconstructed South. The genre arose in reaction to romantic portrayals influenced by Lost Cause myths and the ideology of American exceptionalism.
1984 (magazine)
1984 was an American black and white science-fiction comic magazine published in New York City by Warren Publishing from 1978 to 1983.  1984 was edited by Bill Dubay. The title of the magazine was changed to 1994 starting with issue #11 in February, 1980 based on a request by the estate of George Orwell. The magazine ceased publication with issue #29 in February, 1983 due to the bankruptcy of Warren Publishing.

Warren Publishing
Warren Publishing was an American magazine company founded by James Warren, who published his first magazines in 1957 and continued in the business for decades. Magazines published by Warren include After Hours, Creepy, Eerie, Famous Monsters of Filmland, Help!, and Vampirella.

Initially based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the company moved by 1965 to New York City.
Only Two Can Play
Only Two Can Play is a 1962 British comedy film directed by Sidney Gilliat starring Peter Sellers, Mai Zetterling and Virginia Maskell. The screenplay was by Bryan Forbes, based on the 1955 novel That Uncertain Feeling by Kingsley Amis.

Sidney Gilliat
Sidney Gilliat (15 February 1908 – 31 May 1994) was an English film director, producer and writer.

In the 1930s he worked as a scriptwriter, most notably with Frank Launder on The Lady Vanishes (1938) for Alfred Hitchcock, and Night Train to Munich (1940), directed by Carol Reed. He and Launder made their directorial debut co-directing the home front drama Millions Like Us (1943). From 1945 he also worked as a producer, starting with The Rake's Progress, which he also wrote and directed. He and Launder made over 40 films together, founding their own production company Individual Pictures. While Launder concentrated on directing their comedies, most famously the four St Trinian's School films, Gilliat showed a preference for comedy-thrillers and dramas, including Green for Danger (1946), London Belongs to Me (1948) and State Secret (1950).

He wrote the libretto for Malcolm Williamson's opera Our Man in Havana, based on the novel by Graham Greene. He had also worked on the film.
Jeff Lorber
Jeffrey H. Lorber (born November 4, 1952) is an American keyboardist, composer, and record producer. After six previous nominations, Lorber won his first Grammy Award on January 28, 2018 for Best Contemporary Instrumental Album for Prototype by his band the Jeff Lorber Fusion.

Many of his songs have appeared on the Weather Channel's Local on the 8s segments and on the channel's compilation albums, The Weather Channel Presents: The Best of Smooth Jazz and The Weather Channel Presents: Smooth Jazz II. He was nominated for a Grammy Award for his album He Had a Hat (Blue Note, 2007)

The Weather Channel Presents: Smooth Jazz II
The Weather Channel Presents:  Smooth Jazz II is a 2008 compilation by Midas Records.  It was the second album from the Weather Channel and included their most requested music from the Local on the 8s segments. It peaked at No. 9 on Billboard's Top Contemporary Jazz charts in the same year.
Meßberg station
The underground station Meßberg is located in the city centre of Hamburg, Germany in the Altstadt quarter. It is served by the rapid transit trains of the line U1 of the Hamburg U-Bahn. The station is managed by the Hamburger Hochbahn, the operator of the underground railway.

Hamburg U-Bahn
The Hamburg U-Bahn is a rapid transit system serving the cities of Hamburg, Norderstedt, and Ahrensburg in Germany. Although referred to by the term U-Bahn (the "U" commonly being understood as standing for Untergrund "underground"), most of the system's track length is above ground. Many of the system's stations offer passenger interchanges with the city's S-Bahn system, which also has underground sections. It is operated by Hamburger Hochbahn within the Hamburger Verkehrsverbund (HVV). It was opened in February 1912, and comprises four lines serving 93 stations, with a route length of 106.4 kilometres (66.1 mi) in 2019.
David Milman
David Pinhusovich Milman (Russian: Дави́д Пи́нхусович Ми́льман; 15 January 1912 in Chechelnyk near Vinnytsia – 12 July 1982 in Tel Aviv) was a Soviet and later Israeli mathematician specializing in functional analysis. He was one of the major figures of the Soviet school of functional analysis. In the 70s he emigrated to Israel and was on the faculty of Tel Aviv University.

Milman is known for his development of functional analysis methods, particularly in operator theory, in close connection with concrete problems coming from mathematical physics, in particular differential equations and normal modes. The Krein–Milman theorem and the Milman–Pettis theorem are named after him.

Milman received his Ph.D. from Odessa State University in 1939 under direction of Mark Krein.

He is the father of the mathematicians Vitali Milman and Pierre Milman; and the grandfather to the mathematician Emanuel Milman and biochemist Pavel Milman.

Milman–Pettis theorem
In mathematics, the Milman–Pettis theorem states that every uniformly convex Banach space is reflexive.

The theorem was proved independently by D. Milman (1938) and B. J. Pettis (1939). S. Kakutani gave a different proof in 1939, and John R. Ringrose published a shorter proof in 1959.

Mahlon M. Day (1941) gave examples of reflexive Banach spaces which are not isomorphic to any uniformly convex space.
University Press Club
The University Press Club  is an organization of Princeton University undergraduates who work as professional freelance journalists for local, regional, and national publications. It is the only student-run group of its kind in the country. Press Club alumni have gone on to careers in journalism at publications including The New York Times, the Washington Post, Vanity Fair, Forbes, and the New Yorker and have won the Pulitzer Prize.

In addition to freelancing, Press Club members also run a blog called The Ink, covering campus events at Princeton.

David Remnick
David J. Remnick (born October 29, 1958) is an American journalist, writer, and editor. He won a Pulitzer Prize in 1994 for his book Lenin's Tomb: The Last Days of the Soviet Empire, and is also the author of Resurrection and King of the World: Muhammad Ali and the Rise of an American Hero. Remnick has been editor of The New Yorker magazine since 1998. He was named "Editor of the Year" by Advertising Age in 2000. Before joining The New Yorker, Remnick was a reporter and the Moscow correspondent for The Washington Post. In 2010, he published his sixth book, The Bridge: The Life and Rise of Barack Obama.
Ranj Pillai
Ranj Pillai (born January 1974) is a Canadian politician who served as the tenth premier of Yukon and leader of the Yukon Liberal Party from 2023 to 2025. He represented the electoral district of Porter Creek South in the Legislative Assembly of Yukon, to which he was first elected in the 2016 election.

Yukon Liberal Party
The Yukon Liberal Party (French: Parti libéral du Yukon) is a political party in the territory of Yukon, Canada. The party is not organizationally linked to the federal Liberal Party of Canada in any official manner.