hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Skirving
William Skirving (c. 1745 – 1796) was one of the five Scottish Martyrs for Liberty. Active in the cause of universal franchise and other reforms inspired by the French Revolution, they were convicted of sedition in 1793–94, and sentenced to transportation to New South Wales.

Political Martyrs' Monument
The Political Martyrs Monument, located in the Old Calton Burial Ground on Calton Hill, Edinburgh, commemorates five political reformists from the late 18th and early 19th centuries. Designed by Thomas Hamilton and erected in 1844, it is a 90 ft (27 m) tall obelisk on a square-plan base plinth, all constructed in ashlar sandstone blocks. As part of the Burial Ground it is Category A listed.
Basic Palaeontology
Basic Palaeontology is a basic textbook on the study of paleontology written by the palaeontologists Michael J. Benton and David A.T. Harper, and published by Prentice Hall in 1997. It was described in a 1998 review by palaeontologist Mark Purnell as being uniquely inclusive in its coverage of the subject, going into detail about the history of the science as well as methodology and other aspects. The book was described as having significant, "broad" coverage, but not as much "depth", making it a potential resource for students and researchers looking to find more-detailed references.

David Harper (palaeontologist)
David A.T. Harper is a British palaeontologist, specialising in fossil brachiopods and numerical methods in palaeontology. He is Professor of Palaeontology in Earth Sciences at Durham University. In December 2014 he began his term as President of the Palaeontological Association.
Patrick Sutherland
Major Patrick Sutherland served as commander at Fort Edward and then became one of the founding fathers of Lunenburg, Nova Scotia.  He remained in command at Lunenburg until his death 15 years after establishing the town (c. 1768).  He helped the village survive Father Le Loutre's War and the French and Indian War. During this time he quelled the Lunenburg Rebellion and built blockhouses to protect the village after the Raid on Lunenburg (1756).  He participated in the Siege of Louisbourg (1758) and in protecting the village Lunenburg from the subsequent Lunenburg Campaign (1758). Sutherland became a justice of the peace (1759), custos rotulorum (1760) and a justice of the Inferior Court of Common Pleas for Lunenburg County (1760).

Sutherland was promoted to major in the 77th Regiment of Foot, and participated in the Battle of St. John's (1762).

He died in 1766.

Fort Edward (Nova Scotia)
Fort Edward is a National Historic Site of Canada in Windsor, Nova Scotia, (formerly known as Pisiguit) and was built during Father Le Loutre's War (1749–1755). The British built the fort to help prevent the Acadian Exodus from the region. The Fort is most famous for the role it played both in the Expulsion of the Acadians (1755) and in protecting Halifax, Nova Scotia from a land assault in the American Revolution. While much of Fort Edward has been destroyed,  including the officers' quarters (which burned down in 1922) and barracks, the blockhouse that remains is the oldest extant in North America. A cairn was later added to the site.
David Lomax (journalist)
David Richard Lomax (18 May 1938 – 5 September 2014) was a British television reporter and interviewer. He was best known for his contributions as a reporter to the BBC's Panorama current affairs series.

Panorama (British TV programme)
Panorama is a British current affairs documentary news programme broadcast on the BBC. First broadcast in 1953, it is the world's longest-running television news magazine programme.

Panorama has been presented by many well-known BBC presenters, including Richard Dimbleby, Robin Day, David Dimbleby and Jeremy Vine. As of 2022, it broadcasts in peak time on BBC One, without a regular presenter. The programme also airs worldwide through the international feed of the BBC News channel in many countries, and domestically via the UK feed.
Chapora River
Chapora River is a river in northern Goa, India. It runs westward into the Arabian Sea at Chapora and demarcates the border between the North Goa talukas of Pernem and Bardez. The river originates at Ramghat in the neighbouring state of Maharashtra enters Goa and flows into the Arabian Sea. Vagator Beach, a tourist destination, is located at the estuary to the south, and to the north is the village of Morjim. There is a bridge across Chapora from Morjim to Siolim. The tributaries of Chapora include Anjuna River and Calna River.

In the 18th century, the river marked the boundary between Portuguese Goa and India.

Siolim
Siolim ([ʃiwoːlĩː]) is a village in Bardez taluka, and a census town on the central west coast of India, in the North Goa district of Goa. The 2001 population was 10,311, and 10,936 in 2011. Siolim is also the name of a constituency in the Goa assembly, which includes Assagao, Anjuna and Oxel, in addition to Siolim. A person from Siolim is known as a Siolcar or even as Shivalkar (Konkani: Xivolkar).
Flint Ridge State Memorial
Flint Ridge Ancient Quarries and Nature Preserve is a Native American flint quarry located in Hopewell Township, Licking County, Ohio, about 3 miles (5 km) north of Brownsville at the intersection of Brownsville Road and Flint Ridge Road. Old quarry pits are visible, and a museum owned and operated by the Ohio History Connection is located on the site.

Flint is a variety of quartz and the flint on the ridge is within the Vanport Limestone Member of the Allegheny Formation of Pennsylvanian age.

Flint Ridge was an important source of flint and Native Americans extracted the flint from hundreds of quarries along the ridge. This "Ohio Flint" was traded across eastern North America and has been found as far west as present-day Kansas City and south around the Gulf of Mexico.  Flint from the Knife River area in modern North Dakota has been found in archaeological sites associated with the Hopewell Culture in Ohio.  Ohio flint is the state gemstone of Ohio.

Licking County, Ohio
Licking County is located in the central portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. At the 2020 census, the population was 178,519. Its county seat is Newark. The county was formed on January 30, 1808, from portions of Fairfield County.

It is named after the Licking River, which is thought to be named for the salt licks that were in the area. However, one account explains it as an English pronunciation of the river's indigenous Delaware name W'li/'ik'/nk, which means "where the flood waters recede".

Licking County is part of the Columbus, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Ofakim railway station
The Ofakim railway station is a railway station situated in Ofakim, Israel. It is located on the Ashkelon–Beersheba railway between Netivot and Beersheba and was opened to the public on December 31, 2015. Next to the station, a new neighbourhood with affordable prices, specially designed for young people, is planned to be built by a NGO called Noah Initiative. The neighbourhood is designed as a Transit-oriented district, so the train will play a pivotal role in allowing the residents to live in the district while working in Beersheba or in the center of Israel.

Ofakim
Ofakim (Hebrew: אופקים, lit. 'Horizons')  is a city in the Southern District of Israel, 20 kilometers (12.4 mi) west of Beersheba. It achieved municipal status in 1955. It has an area of 10,000 dunams (~3.9 sq mi; 10 km2). In 2023 it had a population of 37,837.

Ofakim was established as a development town in 1955. For many years it was a major textile manufacturing center until outsourcing led to the closure of factories. As a result,  Ofakim suffered from poverty and unemployment. Since the 2000s, new businesses have opened, improving the economic outlook.

During the October 7 attacks in 2023, Ofakim was attacked by Hamas militants who infiltrated the city and killed 47 residents.
William Wilkins (American politician)
William Wilkins (December 20, 1779 – June 23, 1865) was an American judge and politician from Pennsylvania who served as a Jacksonian member of the United States Senate from 1831 to 1834 and as a Democratic member of the United States House of Representatives for Pennsylvania's 21st congressional district from 1843 to 1844. He served as a member of both houses of the Pennsylvania General Assembly, a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania, United States Minister to Russia and the 19th United States Secretary of War.

Homewood (Pittsburgh)
Homewood is a predominantly African-American neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, officially divided into three neighborhoods: Homewood North, Homewood South and Homewood West.

Homewood is bordered on the southwest by the Martin Luther King Jr. East Busway which follows the old Pennsylvania Railroad line toward downtown Pittsburgh.
The Saint Olav Drama
Saint Olav Drama (Norwegian: Spelet om Heilag Olav) is an outdoor theatre performance played every end of July in Stiklestad in Verdal Municipality, Norway.

The play commemorates the Battle of Stiklestad that took place in the year 1030, and which resulted in death of King Olaf II of Norway. In the aftermath of his death, King Olaf would later be canonized as Saint Olaf (Heilag Olav), patron saint of Norway. The play explores the transition process between traditional pagan customs and the introduction of Christianity into Norway.

The play draws on historic events mentioned in Heimskringla written by Snorri Sturlson. The play features other historical Norwegian figures, including Rögnvald Brusason and Thorir Hund.

Saint Olav Drama was written by Olav Gullvåg, with music composed by Paul Okkenhaug (1908-1975). It has been staged every year since 1954. Among featured directors have been Norwegian stage producer Stein Winge.

Olav Gullvåg
Olav Gullvåg (31 December 1885 – 25 September 1961) was a Norwegian playwright, novelist, poet, and editor.
He was born in Trondheim. He worked as editor-in-chief of Søndmøre Folkeblad from 1911 to 1912, Norig from 1912 to 1921, and Gula Tidend from 1921 to 1929. From 1920 to 1926 he was the chairman of the Young Liberals of Norway, the youth wing of the Liberal Party.

He published several novels, plays and poems, including The Saint Olav Drama composed in 1930 and staged annually in Stiklestad since 1954. His novels include the cycle of books from the history of the Telemark county which take place in the 18th century; these were extraordinarily successful especially abroad (they were translated into Swedish, Danish, Icelandic, Norwegian, German, Russian, Dutch, French, Czech, Hungarian, Italian and Latvian). In 1938 he was awarded the Melsom Prize for his first Telemark novel Det byrja ei jonsoknatt.

His son was the philosopher Ingemund Gullvåg (1925–1998).
Eastmanalepes
Eastmanalepes (meaning "Eastman's scale) is an extinct genus of prehistoric jackfish known from the Eocene of Europe. It contains a single species, E. primaevus, known from the late Ypresian of the Monte Bolca site in Italy.  It was originally described as a species of the jackfish genus Caranx, which it has a superficially similar outline to. However, it differs from Caranx, and almost all other jackfish, in that it has very large, very pronounced scutes along its lateral line. According to Bannikov, E. primaevus is probably more related to the extinct jackfish genera, Eothynnus and Teratichthys.

Caranx
Caranx is a genus of tropical to subtropical marine fishes in the jack family Carangidae, commonly known as jacks, trevallies and kingfishes. They are moderate- to large-sized, deep-bodied fishes which are distinguished from other carangid genera by specific gill raker, fin ray and dentition characteristics. The genus is represented in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans, inhabiting both inshore and offshore regions, ranging from estuaries and bays to deep reefs and offshore islands. All species are powerful predators, taking a variety of fish, crustaceans and cephalopods, while they in turn are prey to larger pelagic fishes and sharks. A number of fish in the genus have a reputation as powerful gamefish and are highly sought by anglers. They often make up high amounts of the catch in various fisheries, but are generally considered poor to fair table fishes.
Nastola
Nastola is a former municipality of Finland. It was merged with the city of Lahti on 1 January 2016.

In the province of Southern Finland, Nastola is part of the Päijät-Häme region. The municipality had a population of 14,905 (30 June 2015) and covered an area of 382.86 km2 (147.82 sq mi) of which 38.67 km2 (14.93 sq mi) was water. The population density was 45.9761/km2 (119.078/sq mi). Nastola is located between two major cities: Lahti and Kouvola. Kausala, the administrative center of Iitti, is 26 kilometres (16 mi) away from Nastola in the direction of Kouvola.

The municipality was unilingually Finnish.

Päijät-Häme
Päijät-Häme (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈpæi̯j(ː)æt̪ˌhæme̞(ʔ)]; Swedish: Päijänne-Tavastland) is a region in Southern Finland south of the lake Päijänne. It borders the regions of Uusimaa, Kanta-Häme, Pirkanmaa, Central Finland, South Savo and Kymenlaakso. The biggest city in the region is Lahti.

Päijät-Häme boasts a landscape shaped by two key features. Finland's second-largest, Lake Päijänne, dominates the region, offering a vast freshwater expanse and a vital transportation route. The Salpausselkä ridge, a glacial remnant, adds a touch of elevation and scenic variation. Beyond these, Päijät-Häme features extensive coniferous forests. Rolling hills provide scenic views, while numerous smaller lakes and rivers create a network of waterways.
I Do (2006 film)
I Do (French: Prête-moi ta main; lit. 'Lend me your hand') or Rent a Wife (international working title), is a 2006 French romantic comedy film directed by Éric Lartigau, based on an original idea by Alain Chabat. The film stars Charlotte Gainsbourg, Alain Chabat and Bernadette Lafont. It is Chabat and Gainsbourg's third collaboration, after Ils se marièrent et eurent beaucoup d'enfants (2004) and The Science of Sleep (2006). This film was officially remade into an Indian Telugu language film Manmadhudu 2 released in August 2019.

Manmadhudu 2
Manmadhudu 2 (transl. Cupid 2) is a 2019 Indian Telugu-language romantic comedy film directed by Rahul Ravindran. It is produced by Nagarjuna and P. Kiran under Annapurna Studios, Anandi Art Creations and Viacom18 Studios. It stars Nagarjuna and Rakul Preet Singh, with music composed by Chaitan Bharadwaj. The film is an official remake of the French film I Do (2006) and is a spiritual successor to Nagarjuna's Manmadhudu (2002). The film opened up to mixed to negative reviews and became a box-office bomb.
M8 (New York City bus)
The Eighth and Ninth Streets Crosstown is a public transit line in Manhattan, New York City, running mostly along Eighth Street, Ninth Street, Tenth Street, and Christopher Street through the West Village, Greenwich Village, and East Village. Originally a streetcar line, it is now the M8 bus route, operated by the Manhattan and Bronx Surface Transit Operating Authority.

Christopher Street
Christopher Street is a street in the West Village neighborhood of the New York City borough of Manhattan. It is the continuation of 9th Street west of Sixth Avenue in Lower Manhattan.

It is most notable for the Stonewall Inn, which is located on Christopher Street near the corner of Seventh Avenue South. As a result of the Stonewall riots in 1969, the street became the center of the world's gay rights movement in the 1970s. To this day, the inn and the street serve as an international symbol of gay pride.

Christopher Street is named after Charles Christopher Amos, the owner of the inherited estate which included the location of the street. Amos is also the namesake of nearby Charles Street, and of the former Amos Street, which is now West 10th Street.
Bill Flores
William Hose Flores Sr. (/ˈflɔːrɛz/; born February 25, 1954) is an American businessman, the vice chair of the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT), as well as the interim Chair of ERCOT.

From 2011 to 2021, he was the U.S. representative for Texas's 17th congressional district. Flores chose not to seek re-election in 2020 after five terms in office. He was succeeded by Pete Sessions, the former U.S. representative for Texas's 32nd congressional district. Flores is a member of the Republican Party and the former chief executive officer of Phoenix Exploration Company, an oil and natural gas company.

Texas's 17th congressional district
Texas's 17th congressional district of the United States House of Representatives includes a strip of Central Texas and Deep East Texas stretching from Nacogdoches to Waco and Round Rock, including former President George W. Bush's McLennan County ranch. The district is currently represented by Republican Pete Sessions.

From 2005 to 2013, it was an oblong district stretching from south of Tarrant County to Grimes County in the southeast. The 2012 redistricting made its area more square, removing the northern and southeastern portions, adding areas southwest into the northern Austin suburbs and east into Freestone and Leon counties. The district included two major universities, Texas A&M University in College Station and Baylor University in Waco.

Before 2005, the district stretched from the Abilene area to the outer western fringes of the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex.
Man Trouble (1930 film)
Man Trouble is a 1930 American pre-Code musical drama film directed by Berthold Viertel and written by Marion Orth, George Manker Watters and Edwin J. Burke. The film stars Milton Sills, Dorothy Mackaill, Kenneth MacKenna, Sharon Lynn, Roscoe Karns and Oscar Apfel. The film was released on August 24, 1930, by Fox Film Corporation.

Edwin J. Burke
Edwin J. Burke (August 30, 1889 – September 26, 1944) was an American screenwriter who was most known for writing some of Shirley Temple's earlier films.

He won an Academy Award at the 5th Academy Awards in the category of Best Adapted Screenplay for the film Bad Girl.

He was also a successful playwright.
He wrote the play that inspired the film This Thing Called Love.
Mount Ungaran
Mount Ungaran is a deeply eroded stratovolcano, located in the south of Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. There are no historical records about the mountain's activities. Two active fumarole fields are found on the southern flanks.

The town of Ungaran is located on the eastern side of the volcano, whereas Ambarawa lays of its southern wing. Bandungan and surroundings, including the Gedong Songo temple complex, are tourist attractions on the volcano. The lake of Rawa Pening is located southeast of the volcano.

Endemic fauna includes Philautus jacobsoni, a tree frog that has not been seen for decades.

Indonesia portal

Philautus jacobsoni
Philautus jacobsoni is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae.
It is endemic to Java, Indonesia. It is known only from Mount Ungaran, Central Java, Indonesia. There is only one preserved specimen held at the Naturalis Biodiversity Center in Leiden, Netherlands that was collected in the 1930s. Its status in the wild is currently unknown and could possibly be extinct, as it has not been recently found.

Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and subtropical or tropical moist montane forests.
It is threatened by habitat loss.
Zagulba Presidential Residence
Zuğulba Presidential Palace (Azerbaijani: "Zuğulba" iqamətgahı) is the official suburban residence of the president of Azerbaijan. It is located in the village of Zağulba, 40 km from Baku near the Caspian Sea.

Official residence
An official residence is a residence designated by an authority and assigned to an official (such as a head of state, head of government, governor, or other senior figures), and may be the same place where the office holder conducts their work functions or lives.
Anacoracidae
Anacoracidae is a family of extinct mackerel sharks that lived during the Cretaceous. It includes four valid genera: Nanocorax, Ptychocorax, Scindocorax, and Squalicorax. Two previously-included genera, Galeocorax and Pseudocorax, were reassigned to the family Pseudocoracidae.

Pseudocorax
Pseudocorax is an extinct genus of mackerel sharks that lived during the Late Cretaceous. It contains six valid species that have been found in Europe, the Middle East, North Africa, and North America. It was formerly assigned to the family Anacoracidae, but is now placed in its own family Pseudocoracidae along with Galeocorax. The former species "P." australis and "P." primulus have been reidentified as species of Echinorhinus and Squalicorax, respectively.
Jozef Čapkovič
Jozef Čapkovič (born 11 January 1948 in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia) is a former Slovak football player. He played for Czechoslovakia, making 16 appearances for the national side.

He was a participant at the 1976 UEFA European Championship, where Czechoslovakia won the gold medal.

He played mostly for Slovan Bratislava, although he played part of the 1977–78 Czechoslovak First League for Dukla Prague. His twin brother Ján was also a successful footballer.

From 1992 to 1994 he was a Member of the National Council for the Slovak National Party. He unsuccessfully ran for a parliament seat again in 2010.

ŠK Slovan Bratislava
ŠK Slovan Bratislava (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈslɔʋam ˈbracislaʋa], "Bratislava Slavs") is a professional football club based in Bratislava, Slovakia, that plays in the Slovak First Football League. Founded as I. ČSŠK Bratislava in 1919, the club changed its name to Slovan Bratislava in 1953. Slovan is the most successful team in Slovakia with the most titles in both league and cup in the country.

Slovan Bratislava became the first and so far only club in Slovakia as well as former Czechoslovakia to win one of the European cup competitions, the Cup Winners' Cup when they defeated FC Barcelona in the final in Basel in 1969. The club also supplied seven players to the victorious Czechoslovakia team of UEFA Euro 1976.
Harley-Davidson (Bally pinball)
Harley-Davidson is a pinball machine arcade game manufactured by Midway and released under the Bally label in February 1991. Barry Oursler and Mark Sprenger designed the pinball game utilizing the Williams Pinball Controller (Williams WPC) arcade system board platform. This was the first pinball game sold under the Bally label to use the Williams WPC system and their last to use an Alphanumeric Display.

Williams Pinball Controller
The Williams Pinball Controller (WPC) is an arcade system board platform used for several pinball games designed by Williams and Midway (under the Bally name) between 1990 and early 1999. It is the successor to their earlier System 11 hardware (High Speed, Pin*Bot, Black Knight 2000). It was succeeded by Williams/Midway's Pinball 2000 platform, before Williams left the pinball business in October 1999.

The WPC System was designed by Chuck Bleich, with its operating system, dubbed APPLE, developed by Larry DeMar.

FunHouse (designed by Pat Lawlor) was the first production game to use WPC, although there are prototype Dr. Dude machines that use WPC.