hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Algebra of sets
In mathematics, the algebra of sets, not to be confused with the mathematical structure of an algebra of sets, defines the properties and laws of sets, the set-theoretic operations of union, intersection, and complementation and the relations of set equality and set inclusion. It also provides systematic procedures for evaluating expressions, and performing calculations, involving these operations and relations.

Any set of sets closed under the set-theoretic operations forms a Boolean algebra with the join operator being union, the meet operator being intersection, the complement operator being set complement, the bottom being ⁠⁠ and the top being the universe set under consideration.

Naive set theory
Naive set theory is any of several set theories used in the discussion of the foundations of mathematics.
Unlike axiomatic set theories, which are defined using formal logic, naive set theory is defined informally, in natural language. It describes the aspects of mathematical sets familiar in discrete mathematics (for example Venn diagrams and symbolic reasoning about their Boolean algebra), and suffices for the everyday use of set theory concepts in contemporary mathematics.

Sets are of great importance in mathematics; in modern formal treatments, most mathematical objects (numbers, relations, functions, etc.) are defined in terms of sets. Naive set theory suffices for many purposes, while also serving as a stepping stone towards more formal treatments.
Buttrick White & Burtis
Buttrick White & Burtis Architects (also known as BWB Architects) was an architecture firm based in New York City, established in 1981 by the architects Harold Buttrick, Samuel G. White, and Theodore A. Burtis III. The firm remained active until 2002. Harold Buttrick left in 1998 to form Murphy Burnham & Buttrick (MBB Architects). The architect Jean P. Phifer was a partner of the firm from 1989 until 1996, after which she served as president of the New York City Public Design Commission from 1998 to 2003. The architect Michael Dwyer was associated with the firm from 1981 to 1996. The architect and educator William W. Braham was associated with the firm from 1983 to 1989. In 2002, Buttrick White & Burtis merged with Platt Byard Dovell to become Platt Byard Dovell White (PBDW Architects).

Sarah Lawrence College
Sarah Lawrence College (SLC) is a private liberal arts college in Yonkers, New York, United States. Founded as a women's college in 1926, Sarah Lawrence College has been coeducational since 1968. The college's campus in Yonkers maintains a Bronxville mailing address and sits roughly 20 miles from New York City. In athletics, the Sarah Lawrence Gryphons compete in the Skyline Conference of the NCAA Division III.
Monolith (In Mourning album)
Monolith is the second studio album by Swedish melodic death metal band In Mourning. It was released in Europe on 25 January 2010 and in North America on February 16, 2010. It will be re-released on 24 July 2020 via Agonia Records.

In Mourning (band)
In Mourning is a Swedish melodic death metal band from Vansbro. They are currently signed to Dalapop. They have released seven full-length albums with their latest The Immortal, released in August 2025.
Bug-O-Nay-Ge-Shig School
Bug-O-Nay-Ge-Shig School is a K-12 tribal school in unincorporated Cass County, Minnesota, near Bena. It is affiliated with the Bureau of Indian Education (BIE). Located on the Leech Lake Indian Reservation, it serves the Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe. It is nicknamed the "Bug School".

The name means 'Hole in the Day'.

Leech Lake Indian Reservation
The Leech Lake Reservation (Ojibwe: Gaa-zagaskwaajimekaagcode: oji promoted to code: oj ) is an Indian reservation located in the north-central Minnesota counties of Cass, Itasca, Beltrami, and Hubbard. The reservation forms the land base for the federally recognized Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe, one of six bands comprising the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, organized in 1934. The Leech Lake Reservation has the second highest population of any reservation in Minnesota with White Earth Nation being the largest Minnesota Ojibwe tribe, Leech Lake Nation has a resident population of 11,388 indicated by the 2020 census.
Yawunik
Yawunik is an extinct genus of Cambrian megacheiran ("Great appendage" arthropod) known from the Burgess Shale in Canada ( Marble Canyon locality). The type species has been named Yawunik kootenayi after the Kootenay, both a geographic area (and National Park, where the fossil was found) and North American First Nation, also known as the Ktunaxa. The genus name is derived from Yawuʔnik̓, the name of a primordial sea monster in Ktunaxa mythology. The fossil dates back to 508 million years ago.

Marble Canyon (Canadian Rockies)
Marble Canyon surrounds Tokumm Creek just above its confluence with the Vermilion River, at the north end of Kootenay National Park in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia. South of the canyon on Highway 93 is Numa Falls on the Vermilion River.

As described by Canadian Alpine Journal in 1913, "[Tokumm Creek] joins Vermilion River through a magnificent gorge, or box canyon, so narrow that at several places the fissure, for it seems little more than a crack in the rock strata, is bridged by great boulders that have become wedged across it. It was a feature well worth seeing."
2019 Philippine Super Liga season
The 2019 Philippine Super Liga season was the seventh season of the Philippine Super Liga (PSL). Like the previous season, the Grand Prix Conference acted as the season-opening conference with the All-Filipino Conference succeeding it. The Invitational Conference was the culminating conference of the season. The fifth edition of the Beach Volleyball Challenge Cup was also held in between the Grand Prix and All-Filipino Conferences.

2019 Philippine Super Liga Invitational Conference
The 2019 Philippine Super Liga Invitational Conference was the 19th indoor volleyball conference of the Philippine Super Liga, the fourth conference of the 2019 season, and the 24th conference overall. The tournament commenced on September 23, 2019 at the Strike Gymnasium in Bacoor, Cavite with opening ceremonies held on September 28, 2019 at Ynares Sports Arena in Pasig.

It would also end up being the last indoor conference that was completed by the league. The following conference, the 2020 Grand Prix, was suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic while the 2021 season didn't feature any indoor conferences as the league became defunct.
Windward Islands People's Movement
The Windward Islands People's Movement (WIPM) is a political party in Saba. It has won a majority of seats in the Island Council in all but two elections since 1971.

It held all five seats in the Island Council after the 2019 elections and until June 1, 2022, when council member Hemmie Van Xanten resigned from the party while continuing to serve as a councilor. When party member Esmeralda Johnson was elected to a seat on the island council in 2019, she became the youngest person ever to serve on it.

Saba (island)
Saba is a Caribbean island and the smallest special municipality (officially "public body") of the Netherlands. It consists largely of the dormant volcano Mount Scenery, which at 870 metres (2,854.3 ft) is the highest point of the entire Kingdom of the Netherlands. The island lies in the northern Leeward Islands portion of the West Indies, southeast of the Virgin Islands. Together with Bonaire and Sint Eustatius it forms the Caribbean Netherlands, also known as the BES islands.

Saba has a land area of 13 square kilometres (5.0 sq mi). The population was 2,158 in January 2025, with a population density of 147 inhabitants per square kilometre (380/sq mi). It is the smallest territory by permanent population in the Americas. Its towns and major settlements are The Bottom (the capital), Windwardside, Zion's Hill, and St. Johns.
Indonesian Idol season 8
The eighth season of Indonesian Idol, also known as Indonesian Idol 2014: A Decade of Dreams, premiered on RCTI on December 27, 2013. Anang Hermansyah and Ahmad Dhani returned as the judges. Agnes Monica was replaced by Tantri of Kotak, and Titi DJ, who returned to the show for her sixth season after her absence in season 6 and 7. Raisa and Indra Lesmana replace Titi and Anang during the Yogyakarta auditions. Later during the Spectacular weeks, Raisa replaced Titi during the Top 9 performances and Tantri during the Top 5. Indra replaced Tantri during the Top 8 performances. Daniel Mananta returns as the host.

The season was the sixth to have four judges, after the first five seasons.

Raisa (singer)
Raisa Andriana (born 6 June 1990), better known by her mononym Raisa, is an Indonesian singer and songwriter. She became publicly known for her song titled "Serba Salah". Before her solo career, she was one of the lead vocalists of Kevin Aprilio's band, Andante, which was later renamed Vierra (now Vierratale).

Raisa has received several accolades, including the Indonesian Music Awards, Music Planet Awards, and Mnet Asian Music Awards. In 2014, she charted at 45th place on Billboard Uncharted, marking her first time to enter the Billboard chart. Later in 2017, she reached 29th place on Billboard Social 50, a chart that ranks the most active musical artists on the world's leading social networking services.
Grand Strand
The Grand Strand is an arc of beach land on the Atlantic Ocean in South Carolina, United States, extending more than 60 miles (97 km) from Little River to Winyah Bay. It is located in Horry and Georgetown Counties on the northeastern South Carolina coast.

The term Grand Strand dates back to a November 19, 1949 The Myrtle Beach Sun column, "From the Grandstrand" and another titled "From the Grand Strand" on December 3, 1949, in The Myrtle Beach News.

The area has become a major tourist attraction along the Southeastern coast, attracting 20.6 million visitors in 2019. The area, whose primary city is Myrtle Beach, is home to numerous hotels, golf resorts, and recreational centers, making it popular with families and college students during the summers and winters.

Waties Island, South Carolina
Waties Island is an undeveloped barrier island in the eastern coast of South Carolina. It is under the jurisdiction of Coastal Carolina University and is used primarily as an educational research facility.
Temescal Mountains
The Temescal Mountains, also known as the Sierra Temescal (Spanish for "sweat lodge range"), are one of the northernmost mountain ranges of the Peninsular Ranges in western Riverside County, in Southern California in the United States. They extend for approximately 25 mi (40 km) southeast of the Santa Ana River east of the Elsinore Fault Zone to the Temecula Basin and form the western edge of the Perris Block.

The Santa Ana Mountains lie to the west, the Elsinore Mountains to the south and the Perris Valley and Lakeview Mountains to the east.

Coastal sage scrub
Coastal sage scrub (CSS), also called coastal scrub or soft chaparral, is a low scrubland plant community of the California coastal sage and chaparral subecoregion, found in coastal California and northwestern coastal Baja California. It is within the California chaparral and woodlands ecoregion, of the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome.
13th Flight Training Wing (JASDF)
The 13th Flying Training Wing (第13飛行教育団, dai-13-hikō-kyōiku-dan)) also sometimes known as the 13th Flight Training Wing is a wing of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force. It comes under the authority of Air Training Command and is based at Ashiya Air Base in Fukuoka Prefecture.

It has two squadrons, both equipped with Kawasaki T-4 aircraft:

1st Flight Training Squadron

2nd Flight Training Squadron

Japan Air Self-Defense Force
The Japan Air Self-Defense Force (Japanese: 航空自衛隊, Hepburn: Kōkū Jieitai), JASDF (空自, Kūji), also referred to as the Japanese Air Force, is the air and space branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces, responsible for the defense of Japanese airspace, other air and space operations, cyberwarfare and electronic warfare. The JASDF carries out combat air patrols around Japan, while also maintaining a network of ground and air early-warning radar systems. The branch also has an aerobatic team known as Blue Impulse and has provided air transport in UN peacekeeping missions.

The JASDF had an estimated 49,913 personnel as of 2018, and as of 2023 operates about 712 aircraft, approximately 321 of them being fighter aircraft.

The service was to be renamed in 2027 to the Japan Air and Space Self-Defense Force (航空宇宙自衛隊, Kōkū Uchū Jieitai), in recognition of the increasing importance of the space domain. However, the schedule was then changed to 2026 in the 2026 defense budget.
Krokom Municipality
Krokom Municipality (Swedish: Krokoms kommun, Southern Sami: Krokomen tjïelte) is a municipality in Jämtland County in northern Sweden. Its seat is located in Krokom.

The present municipality was formed in 1974, when the former municipalities of Alsen, Föllinge, Offerdal and Rödön were amalgamated. The number of original local government entities in the area is nine, and amalgamations had also taken place in 1952 and 1969.

Jämtland County
Jämtland County (Swedish: Jämtlands län, Southern Sami: Jiemthen leene) is a county or län in Sweden. It consists of the provinces of Jämtland and Härjedalen, along with minor parts of Hälsingland and Ångermanland, plus two small strips of Lapland and Dalarna. It borders the counties of Dalarna, Gävleborg, Västernorrland, and Västerbotten, as well as the Norwegian county of Trøndelag. It measures 49,443 km2 (19,090 sq mi) and constitutes 12% of Sweden's total area, making it the country's third largest county. The capital is Östersund. The county governor and leader of the administrative board, as appointed by the Swedish government, has been Marita Ljung since 2021.

The county was established in 1810, at the time it consisted only of the provinces of Jämtland and Härjedalen, which is why the coat of arms is a shield parted per fess with their provincial arms. King Carl XVI Gustaf is occasionally referred to as Duke of Jämtland after his title of king.
Oxacephem
An oxacephem is a β-lactam molecule similar to a cephem, but with an oxygen substituted for the sulfur. They are synthetic compounds not seen in nature, generally used as β-lactam antibiotics. Examples include Latamoxef and Flomoxef.

Β-Lactam antibiotic
β-Lactam antibiotics (beta-lactam antibiotics) are antibiotics that contain a β-lactam ring in their chemical
structure. This includes penicillin derivatives (penams), cephalosporins and cephamycins (cephems), monobactams, carbapenems and carbacephems. Most β-lactam antibiotics work by inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis in the bacterial organism and are the most widely used group of antibiotics. Until 2003, when measured by sales, more than half of all commercially available antibiotics in use were β-lactam compounds. The first β-lactam antibiotic discovered, penicillin, was isolated from a strain of Penicillium rubens (named as Penicillium notatum at the time).

Bacteria often develop resistance to β-lactam antibiotics by synthesizing a β-lactamase, an enzyme that attacks the β-lactam ring. To overcome this resistance, β-lactam antibiotics can be given with β-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid.
2024–25 Boston University Terriers men's ice hockey season
The 2024–25 Boston University Terriers Men's ice hockey season was the 103rd season of play for the program and 41st in Hockey East. The Terriers represented Boston University in the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season, played their home games at Agganis Arena and were coached by Jay Pandolfo in his 3rd season.

2024–25 Hockey East men's season
The 2024–25 Hockey East men's season was the 41st season of play for Hockey East and took place during the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season. The season began on October 4, 2024, and concluded on April 12, 2025 with Boston University losing in the national championship game.
DN21
DN21 (Romanian: Drumul Național 21) is a national road in Romania which that crosses the Bărăgan Plain, linking the Danube port of Brăila with Călărași. The road crosses the A2 motorway near Drajna, between the cities of Slobozia and Călărași. It underwent in major repairs between 2006 and 2007 on the 24.2 km (15.0 mi) section between Drajna and Călărași.

Călărași
Călărași (Romanian pronunciation: [kələˈraʃʲ] ⓘ; Bulgarian: Кълъраш, romanized: Kŭlŭrash), the capital of Călărași County in the Muntenia region, is situated in south-east Romania, on the banks of the Danube's Borcea branch, at about 12 kilometres (7 miles) from the Bulgarian border and 125 kilometres (78 miles) from Bucharest. It is one of six Romanian county seats lying on the river Danube.

The city is an industrial centre for lumber and paper, food processing, glass manufacturing, textiles, medical equipment production, and heavy industry, the last one represented by the Călărași steel works. The city is known colloquially as "Capșa provinciei" (the Capșa from the provinces).
Stumptown Coffee Roasters
Stumptown Coffee Roasters is a coffee roaster and retailer based in Portland, Oregon, United States. The chain's first location opened in 1999. Three other cafes, a roastery and a tasting annex have since opened in Portland, as well as locations in Seattle, New York, and Pasadena. Stumptown is owned by Peet's Coffee, which in turn is owned by Keurig Dr Pepper. The company was an early innovator with cold brew coffee in nitro cans and have continued to develop other cold brew product innovations.

Cold brew coffee
Cold brew coffee, also called cold water extraction or cold pressing, is a type of coffee prepared by the process of steeping coffee grounds in water at cool temperatures for an extended period. Coarse-ground beans are soaked in water for 12 to 24 hours.

The water is normally kept at room temperature, but chilled water can be used. After the grounds have been steeped, they are filtered out of the water using a paper coffee filter, or a fine metal sieve (e.g. in a French press), or felt. The result is a coffee concentrate that is diluted with water or milk, and is sometimes served hot, but often served chilled, over ice, or blended with ice and other ingredients such as chocolate.
Joost de Soete
Joost de Soete or de Zoete, Lord of Villers or Villiers, (1510–1520, Sluis – March 1589, The Hague) was a Dutch nobleman and Field Marshal  who fought in the early years of the Eighty Years' War.

De Soete was the third son Alexander de Zoete, knight and governor of Zeeland, and Johanna van Ranst, lady of Hautin, who had married in 1502.

In 1580, he was Commander of Bouchout. In March 1589 he was mortally wounded at the battle at Geertruidenberg. He was brought to The Hague where he soon died.

His coat of arms were a black twill with silver chevron.

Sluis
Sluis (Dutch: [slœys] ⓘ; Zeelandic: Sluus [slys]; French: Écluse) is a city and municipality located in the west of Zeelandic Flanders, in the south-western Dutch province of Zeeland.

The current incarnation of the municipality has existed since 1 January 2003. The former municipalities of Oostburg and Sluis-Aardenburg merged on that date. The latter as formed in 1995 from a merger between the previous municipality of Sluis and the former municipality of Aardenburg.
Tomb of Simeon the Just
The Tomb of Simeon the Just or Simeon the Righteous (Hebrew: קבר שמעון הצדיק, romanized: Kever Shimon haTzadik) is an ancient tomb in Jerusalem. According to scholarly consensus, based on an in situ inscription, it is the 2nd-century CE burial site of a Roman matron named Julia Sabina. However, according to a medieval Jewish tradition, is believed to be the burial place of Simeon the Just and his students. It is located adjacent to the Cave of the Minor Sanhedrin in the Shimon HaTzadik settlement  within the Sheikh Jarrah neighborhood.

Simeon the Just
Simeon the Righteous or Simeon the Just (Hebrew: שִׁמְעוֹן הַצַּדִּיק, romanized: Šimʿōn Haṣṣaddīq) was a Jewish High Priest during the Second Temple period. He is also referred to in the Mishnah as one of the last members of the Great Assembly.

The Talmud, Josephus, and the Book of Sirach all contain accounts of him. He was termed "the Righteous" because of the piety of his life and his benevolence toward his compatriots. He was deeply interested in the spiritual and material development of the nation. According to Sirach, he rebuilt the walls of Jerusalem, which had been torn down by Pharaoh Ptolemy I Soter, and repaired the damage done to the Temple in Jerusalem, raising the foundation-walls of its court and enlarging the cistern into a pool.
The Fair Folk
The Fair Folk is an anthology of fantasy stories edited by Marvin Kaye. It was published by Science Fiction Book Club in January 2005. The anthology contains novelettes and novellas centered on fairies. The anthology itself won the 2006 World Fantasy Award for Best Anthology.

Marvin Kaye
Marvin Nathan Kaye (March 10, 1938 – May 13, 2021) was an American mystery, fantasy, science fiction, horror author, anthologist, and editor. He was also a magician and theater actor. Kaye was a World Fantasy Award winner and served as co-publisher and editor of Weird Tales Magazine.
Otomatic
The OTO main anti-aircraft tank for intercept and combat (dubbed Otomatic, a play on automatic) was an Italian self-propelled anti-aircraft gun (SPAAG) prototype. Designed and built by OTO Melara, it was armed with a single 76 mm naval gun.

OTO Melara
OTO Melara was a subsidiary of the Italian company Finmeccanica, today Leonardo, active in the defence sector, with factories in Brescia and La Spezia.

From 1 January 2016, the activities of OTO Melara merged into Leonardo's Defence Systems Division, within the Electronics, Defence and Security Systems Sector.
Olympic-class container ship
The Olympic class is a series of six container ships built for Mediterranean Shipping Company (MSC). The ships have a maximum theoretical capacity of 19,224 twenty-foot equivalent units (TEU). The ships were built by Daewoo Shipbuilding and Marine Engineering (DSME).

Hanwha Ocean
Hanwha Ocean Co., Ltd. (Korean: 한화오션), formerly known as Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering (Korean: 대우조선해양), is one of the "Big Three" shipbuilders of South Korea, along with Hyundai and Samsung.
Cline Falls State Scenic Viewpoint
Cline Falls State Scenic Viewpoint (also known as Cline Falls State Park) is a state park near Redmond, Oregon, United States.  It is located on the Deschutes River.  The park covers 9 acres (36,000 m2).  It is administered by the Oregon Parks and Recreation Department.

Deschutes River
The Deschutes River (/dəˈʃuːts/ də-SHOOTS) in central Oregon is a major tributary of the Columbia River. The river provides much of the drainage on the eastern side of the Cascade Range in Oregon, gathering many of the tributaries that descend from the drier, eastern flank of the mountains. The Deschutes provided an important route to and from the Columbia for Native Americans for thousands of years, and then in the 19th century for pioneers on the Oregon Trail. The river flows mostly through rugged and arid country, and its valley provides a cultural heart for central Oregon. Today the river supplies water for irrigation and is popular in the summer for whitewater rafting and fishing.

The Deschutes flows generally north, as do several other large Oregon tributaries of the Columbia River, including the Willamette and John Day.