hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bormio
Bormio (Lombard: Bormi, Romansh: Buormⓘ, German: Worms im Veltlintal) is a town and comune with a population of about 4,100 located in the Province of Sondrio, Lombardy region of the Alps in northern Italy.

The centre of the upper Valtellina valley, it is a popular winter sports resort. It was the site of the Alpine World Ski Championships in 1985 and 2005, and annually hosts the Alpine Ski World Cup. In addition to modern skiing facilities, the town is noted for the presence of several hot springs that have been tapped to provide water to three thermal baths.

Valtellina
Valtellina or the Valtelline (occasionally spelled as two words in English: Val Telline; Romansh: Vuclina ⓘ; Lombard: Valtelina or Valtulina; German: Veltlin; Italian: Valtellina) is a valley in the Lombardy region of northern Italy, bordering Switzerland. Today it is known for its ski centre, hot spring spas, bresaola, cheeses (in particular Bitto, named after the river Bitto) and wines.  It was a key Alpine pass between northern Italy and Germany. The control of the Valtellina was much sought after, particularly during the Thirty Years' War as it was an important part of the Spanish Road.
Eyes of the Emperor
Eyes of the Emperor is an American historical novel written by Graham Salisbury, and is currently published by Laurel-Leaf, which is an imprint of Random House Children's Books, in the United States in paperback. The first edition was published in 2005. The first edition was published by Wendy Lamb Books in hardcover format in the same year.

In 2006, Eyes of the Emperor won the Leslie Bradshaw Award for Young Adult Literature.

Graham Salisbury
Graham Salisbury (born April 11, 1944) is an American children's writer. His best known work is Under the Blood Red Sun, a historical novel that features a Japanese-American boy and his family during World War II. Under the name Sandy Salisbury he was a pop musician in the late 1960s, notably with the Millennium.
Elizabeth Holland
Elizabeth Holland  (died 1547/8), commonly known as Bess Holland,  was an English courtier. She was the mistress of Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk and maid-of-honour to his niece, Anne Boleyn, the second wife of Henry VIII of England.

Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk
Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, KG, PC (10 March 1473 – 25 August 1554) was an English politician and nobleman of the Tudor era. He was an uncle of two of the wives of King Henry VIII, Anne Boleyn and Catherine Howard, both of whom were beheaded, and played a major role in the machinations affecting these royal marriages. After falling from favour in 1546, Norfolk was stripped of his dukedom and imprisoned in the Tower of London, avoiding execution when Henry VIII died on 28 January 1547.

He was released on the accession of the Roman Catholic Queen Mary I, whom he aided in securing the throne, thus setting the stage for tensions between his Catholic family and the Protestant royal line that would be continued by Mary's half-sister, Elizabeth I.
Yang-Yang
Yang-Yang is a village in northern Senegal, the seat of the eponymous Yang-Yang Arrondissement since 1976. It was made the capital of the Kingdom of Jolof in 1865 under Bakane Tam Khary Dialor.

Buurba Alboury Ndiaye built a tata in the town to defend it, using a labor force of 3000 men. The defenses successfully repelled an attach by Bara Ba, cousin of Shaikh Amadou Ba, in 1875.

Yang-Yang was captured and burned by a French column led by Alfred Dodds in May 1890, bringing Jolof into the French colonial empire as a protectorate.

Yang-Yang was the site of the first colonial school in Jolof, founded in 1897. The remains of the tata, palace, and a stele marking the location of the mosque with several prominent graves are on the list of National Historic Monuments of Senegal. The former palace hosts the Museum of the History of Jolof and Franco-Senegalese Friendship, founded by Mansour Bouna Ndiaye, son of the last Buurba of Jolof.

Kingdom of Jolof
The Kingdom of Jolof (Arabic: جولوف), also known as Wolof and Wollof, was a West African rump state located in what is today the nation of Senegal. For nearly two hundred years, the Wolof rulers of the Jolof Empire collected tribute from vassal kings' states who voluntarily agreed to the confederacy. At the 1549 Battle of Danki, however, the Buurba Jolof was defeated by the lord of Kayor, resulting in the rapid disintegration of the empire. Jolof survived as a rump state, unable to access the Atlantic trade between its former vassal territories and the Portuguese.
Mikhail Matiyasevich
Mikhail Stepanovich Matiyasevich (Matiasevich) (May 23 [June 4], 1878, in Smolensk – August 5, 1941, in Kyiv) was a Soviet military commander, who commanded several military units of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War.

5th Army (RSFSR)
The 5th Army was a field army of the Red Army during the Russian Civil War. The 5th Army was formed four times. The first formation was between the beginning of March 1918 and April as a reaction to the Austro-German occupation of Ukraine. The second formation was created between April 1918 and 23 June 1918 to defend Tsaritsyn, the third formation between August 16, 1918, and September 6, 1922, as a part of the Eastern Front and the fourth formation between November 16, 1922, and June 1924 in the Far East.
Turkish Airlines Flight 835
Turkish Airlines Flight 835 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Adana Şakirpaşa Airport,to Esenboğa International Airport, Ankara, Turkey. On 23 September 1961 at 20:02 EET (18:02 UTC), the aircraft operating the flight, a brand-new Fokker F27 Friendship 100 struck the Karanlıktepe hill in Ankara Province on final approach around 18 kilometres (11 mi) short of the runway.

Adana Şakirpaşa Airport
Adana Şakirpaşa Airport (IATA: ADA, ICAO: LTAF) is a general aviation airport located in Adana. It served as the main commercial airport of Cilicia region from 1937 to 2024. Çukurova International Airport, which opened on 10 August 2024, replaced Şakirpaşa Airport as the regional airport. All commercial airline flights have been moved to the new airport, while Şakirpaşa Airport is now used primarily for private travel, pilot training and air sports.
Tatra KTNF6
The Tatra KTNF6 is a modernized tram of type KT4 rebuilt with a central low-floor segment. Trams of this type are used in Cottbus, in Brandenburg an der Havel and on the Schöneiche-Rüdersdorf Tramway in Germany, and in Tallinn, Estonia, where they are called KT6TM. A similar variant of KT4 is the KTNF8, which is used in Gera,  Germany.

These trams have new interiors, chairs, doors and middle sections with low floors.

The breakdown of the type designation is as follows:

K implies articulated

T indicates a powered vehicle

NF for Low Floor

6/8 is the number of axles.

Trams in Brandenburg an der Havel
The Brandenburg an der Havel tramway (German: Straßenbahn Brandenburg an der Havel) is a network of tramways forming the centrepiece of the public transport system in Brandenburg an der Havel, a city in the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany.

Opened in 1897 as a horsecar system, the network was converted to an electrically powered system in 1911.  It is currently operated by Verkehrsbetriebe Brandenburg an der Havel (VBBr), and integrated in the Verkehrsverbund Berlin-Brandenburg (VBB).
William Coffin Coleman
William Coffin Coleman (May 21, 1870 – November 2, 1957) was a businessman, the American founder of the Coleman Company, a maker of camping equipment, and a politician. He served as the Mayor of Wichita, Kansas, from 1923 to 1924.

Coleman (brand)
The Coleman Company, Inc. is an American manufacturer of outdoor recreation products, best known for its camping gear including lanterns, portable stoves, sleeping bags, chairs, and coolers. Founded in 1902 and currently headquartered in Chicago, the company employs approximately 4,000 people. Coleman is now a subsidiary of Newell Brands and has facilities in Wichita, Kansas, and in Texas.
Mr. Reeder in Room 13
Mr. Reeder in Room 13 is a 1938 British crime film directed by Norman Lee and starring Peter Murray-Hill, Sally Gray and Gibb McLaughlin. It is based on the first J. G. Reeder book, Room 13 by Edgar Wallace. The film was released in the U.S. in 1941 as Mystery of Room 13.

Room 13 (Wallace novel)
Room 13 is a 1924 crime novel by the British writer Edgar Wallace. It was the first in a series of books featuring the character of J. G. Reeder, a mild-mannered civil servant who is a brilliant detective.
Reloncaví Sound
Reloncaví Sound or Seno de Reloncaví is a body of water immediately south of Puerto Montt, a port city in the Los Lagos Region of Chile. It is the place where the Chilean Central Valley meets the Pacific Ocean.

The Calbuco Archipelago comprises the islands in the sound, including Tenglo, Maillén, and Huar Islands. Puluqui Island and Queulín Island separate the sound from the Gulf of Ancud.

The Carretera Austral runs along the eastern shore of the sound, but is interrupted in the area where the Reloncaví Estuary opens into this wide sound. Located in this same area is the Alerce Andino National Park, home to ancient alerce trees. Chamiza Wetland makes up a segment of Relonvací Sound northern shore east of Puerto Montt.

Fitzroya
Fitzroya is a monotypic genus in the cypress family. The single living species, Fitzroya cupressoides, is a tall, long-lived conifer native to the Andes mountains and coastal regions of southern Chile, and to the Argentine Andes, where it is an important member of the Valdivian temperate forests. Common names include lawal (in Mapudungun, Hispanicized as lahual), alerce ([aˈleɾse], "larch" in Spanish), and Patagonian cypress. The genus was named in honour of Robert FitzRoy.

The genus is ancient with it dating back to the Cretaceous of South America. Fossils are also known from the Paleogene of Tasmania, Australia (particularly from the now extinct Fitzroya tasmanensis).
Francis Alimikhena
Francis Asekhame Alimikhena (born 20 September 1947) is a former Senator of the Federal Republic of Nigeria from Edo State. He served in the Senate from 2015 to 2023, representing Edo North Senatorial District. He was first elected in 2015 and reelected to a second term in 2019. However, he lost his re-election bid in 2023. Alimikhena was the vice-chairman, Senate Committee on Housing and also a member of the Senate committee on Constitutional Review.

Alimikhena is a member of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP). He was the Deputy Chief Whip of the 8th National Assembly.

Edo North Senatorial District covers six local government areas: (Etsako West, Etsako Central, Etsako East, Owan East, Owan West and Akoko Edo).

Edo North senatorial district
Edo North senatorial district in Edo State comprises six local government areas which consist of Etsako West, Etsako East, Etsako Central, Owan West, Owan East and Akoko Edo. The headquarters (collation centre) of Edo North is Auchi in Etsako West LGA.  The current representative of Edo North is comr. Adams Aliu Oshiomole of the All Progressives Congress, APC.
Sheerness line
The Sheerness line is located in Kent, England, and connects Sheerness-on-Sea on the Isle of Sheppey with Sittingbourne on the mainland, and with the Chatham Main Line for trains towards London, Ramsgate or Dover Priory. It opened on 19 July 1860.

Sittingbourne railway station
Sittingbourne railway station is on the Chatham Main Line and the Sheerness Line in north Kent. It is 44 miles 59 chains (72.0 km) down the line from London Victoria. Train services are provided by Southeastern. Ticket barriers are sometimes in operation, depending on the time of day.
Robert Habros
Robert Habros is a special effects artist who was nominated at the 82nd Academy Awards for his work on the film District 9. His nomination was shared with Matt Aitken, Dan Kaufman and Peter Muyzers.

He also worked on TV shows such as Stargate SG-1 and Fringe.

Matt Aitken (special effects artist)
Matt Aitken  is a special effects artist.

He was nominated at the 82nd Academy Awards for his work on the film District 9. His nomination was shared with Robert Habros, Dan Kaufman, and Peter Muyzers. In 2020, he received his second Academy Award nomination for Best Visual Effects on 2019 film, Avengers: Endgame, at the 92nd Academy Awards. His nomination was shared with Dan DeLeeuw, Russell Earl, and Dan Sudick.
Federalist No. 81
Federalist No. 81 is an essay by Alexander Hamilton, the eighty-first of The Federalist Papers. It was published on June 25 and 28, 1788 under the pseudonym Publius, the name under which all The Federalist papers were published. The title is "The Judiciary Continued, and the Distribution of the Judicial Authority", and it is the fourth in a series of six essays discussing the powers and limitations of the Judicial branch.

The Federalist Papers, as a foundation text of constitutional interpretation, are frequently cited by American jurists. Of all the essays, No. 81 is the third-most cited, behind only Federalist No. 42 and Federalist No. 78. Federalist No. 81 addresses how the powers of the judiciary should be distributed. It deals with potential fears for the irreversible effects of judicial activism.

Hans v. Louisiana
Hans v. Louisiana, 134 U.S. 1 (1890), was a decision of the United States Supreme Court determining that the Eleventh Amendment prohibits a citizen of a U.S. state from suing that state in a federal court. Citizens cannot bring suits against their own state for cases related to the federal constitution and federal laws.  The court left open the question of whether a citizen may sue his or her state in state courts. That ambiguity was resolved in Alden v. Maine (1999), in which the Court held that a state's sovereign immunity forecloses suits against a state government in state court.
Radlett
Radlett is a large village in Hertfordshire, England, between Elstree and St Albans on Watling Street, with a population of 10,060. It is in the council district of Hertsmere in the south of the county, and forms part of the civil parish of Aldenham. Radlett is located just inside the M25 motorway between Watford and Borehamwood.

St Albans
St Albans (/sənt ˈɔːlbənz/) is a cathedral city in Hertfordshire, England, east of Hemel Hempstead and west of Hatfield, 20 miles (32 km) north-west of London, 8 miles (13 km) south-west of Welwyn Garden City and 11 miles (18 km) south-east of Luton. St Albans was the first major town on the old Roman road of Watling Street for travellers heading north and became the city of Verulamium. It has a population of 82,146.
Whispers of the Mist Children
"Whispers of the Mist Children" is a 1999 fantasy short story by Australian writer Trudi Canavan.

"Whispers of the Mist Children" was first published in Australia, in April 1999, in the twenty-third edition of the Aurealis magazine by Chimaera Publications. It was published alongside six other stories by the authors Robert Hood, Cameron Fade Gurr, Rjurik Davidson, Alistair Ong, Anthony Fordham, and Helen Sargeant. "Whispers of the Mist Children" won the 1999 Aurealis Award for best fantasy short story.

Aurealis
Aurealis is an Australian speculative fiction magazine published by Chimaera Publications, and is Australia's longest running small-press science-fiction and fantasy magazine. The magazine is based in Melbourne.
Lonely Hearts (2006 film)
Lonely Hearts is a 2006 American neo-noir crime thriller film directed and written by Todd Robinson. It is a neo-noir based on the true story of the notorious "Lonely Hearts Killers" spree killing of the 1940s, Martha Beck and Raymond Fernandez. The story of Beck and Fernandez was also the subject of the 1970 film The Honeymoon Killers, directed by Leonard Kastle and the 1996 film Deep Crimson, directed by Arturo Ripstein.

Raymond Fernandez and Martha Beck
Raymond Martinez Fernandez (December 17, 1914 – March 8, 1951) and Martha Jule Beck (May 6, 1920 – March 8, 1951) were an American serial killer couple. They were convicted of one murder, are known to have committed two more, and were suspected of having killed up to twenty victims during a spree between 1947 and 1949.

After their arrest and trial for serial murder in 1949, Fernandez and Beck became known as the Lonely Hearts Killers for meeting their unsuspecting victims through personal ads, posted in newspaper lonely hearts columns. A number of films and television shows are based on this case.
Klyazma
The Klyazma (Russian: Клязьма, IPA: [ˈklʲæzʲmə], Klyaz'ma or Kliazma), a river in the Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Ivanovo and Vladimir Oblasts in Russia, and a left tributary of the Oka.

The 686 kilometres (426 mi) long river's drainage basin is 42,500 square kilometres (16,400 sq mi). The Klyazma usually freezes up in November and stays under the ice until mid-April, although in faster-moving stretches ice-free water occurs until the air temperature drops below −10 °C (14 °F).

The largest tributaries of the Klyazma include (from source to mouth):

The Klyazma is navigable within 120 kilometres (75 mi) from its estuary and in the area of the Klyazminskoye Reservoir. The cities of  Gorokhovets,  Mendeleyevo, Pavlovsky Posad,  Vladimir, Kovrov, Shchyolkovo, Losino-Petrovsky, Noginsk, Orekhovo-Zuyevo, Sobinka and Vyazniki stand on the shores of the Klyazma River.

The basin of the Klyazma formed the center of the  Vladimir-Suzdal principality in the 12th to 14th centuries CE.

Shchyolkovo
Shchyolkovo (Russian: Щёлково, IPA: [ˈɕːɵlkəvə]) is a city and the administrative center of Shchyolkovsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Klyazma River (Oka's tributary), 20 kilometers (12 mi) northeast of Moscow. Population: 134,211 (2021 census); 110,411 (2010 census); 112,865 (2002 Census); 109,255 (1989 Census); 91,000 (1977).
Yokosuka Domain
Yokosuka Domain (横須賀藩, Yokosuka-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Tōtōmi Province. It was centered at Yokosuka Castle in what is now the Matsuo district of the city of Kakegawa in Shizuoka Prefecture.

Kakegawa, Shizuoka
Kakegawa (掛川市, Kakegawa-shi) is a city in western Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 10 October 2019,  the city had an estimated population of 117,925 in 45,519 households. The total area of the city is 265.69 square kilometres (102.58 sq mi).
Depot Station metro station (Noida)
The Depot Station is the elevated southern terminal metro station on the North-South corridor of the Aqua Line of Noida Metro in the city of Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh. It was opened on 25 January 2019.

Aqua Line (Noida Metro)
The Aqua Line is a line of Noida Metro, a rapid transit system in Noida and Greater Noida in Uttar Pradesh, India. It consists of 21 metro stations from Sector 51 in Noida to Depot in Greater Noida.

The line has been operational since 25 January 2019. It was inaugurated by the Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh, Yogi Adityanath.
CILM-FM
CILM-FM is a French-language Canadian radio station located in Saguenay, Quebec. The station carries adult contemporary format as part of the Rythme FM network.

Owned by Cogeco, it broadcasts on 98.3 MHz using a directional antenna with an average effective radiated power of 51,000 watts and a peak effective radiated power of 100,000 watts (class C1). The station broadcasts from the CBC Tower on Warren Street in Chicoutimi.

Corus Québec
Corus Québec, formerly Radiomédia, was a French-language Canadian news/talk radio network serving most of Quebec. The network and most of its affiliates were owned by Toronto-based Corus Entertainment.
Thatha-Manavadu
Thatha-Manavadu (transl. Grandfather-Grandson) is a 1973 Indian Telugu-language film written and directed by Dasari Narayana Rao in his debut. The film stars S. V. Ranga Rao and Raja Babu in the titular roles. Thatha-Manavadu featured Raja Babu, who had mostly acted in comic and supporting roles until then, as a lead actor. He is paired with actress Vijaya Nirmala.

The film was released on 23 March 1973. It ran for 25 weeks in theatres. The film won the Nandi Award for Second Best Feature Film. It was later remade in Kannada as Maga Mommaga (1974) and in Hindi as Suntan (1976).

Maga Mommaga
Maga Mommaga (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1974 Indian Kannada-language film, directed by Y. R. Swamy and produced by R. Panduranga Naidu and D. R. Raghavendra Naidu. The film stars Dwarakish, K. S. Ashwath, Vajramuni and Balakrishna in the lead roles. The film has musical score by M. Ranga Rao. The film was a remake of the Telugu film Tata Manavadu.
Revealer of Secrets
Revealer of Secrets (Hebrew: מגלה טמירין), first published in 1819, is an epistolary novel by Joseph Perl, a proponent of Jewish emancipation and Haskalah. It is often considered the first modern novel in Hebrew. The book purports to be a collection of letters between various hasidic rabbis, but is actually a satire of their teachings.

Joseph Perl
Joseph Perl (also Josef Perl; November 10, 1773, in Ternopil – October 1, 1839, in Ternopil), was an Ashkenazi Jewish educator and writer, a scion of the Haskalah or Jewish Enlightenment. He wrote in Hebrew, Yiddish, and German; in 1819, he published the first Hebrew novel. Born and raised in the Austrian province of Galicia shortly after its annexation in the first partition of Poland, he was a follower of Hasidism in his youth. Later, he turned against Hasidism and became a proponent of Jewish emancipation and Haskalah, although he remained an observant Jew. He is best known for his many writings on Hasidism, ranging from critical treatises to parody.
The Rebirth of Buddha
The Rebirth of Buddha (仏陀再誕, Buddasaitan; lit. "Buddha's Return") is a Japanese animated movie produced by the new religious movement, Happy Science. It is an adaptation of a book by Ryuho Okawa, the CEO of Happy Science, and was released on October 17, 2009.

This movie was planned to be released internationally, dubbed into six languages and subtitled in twelve languages.

Ryuho Okawa
Ryuho Okawa (大川 隆法; Ōkawa Ryūhō; born Takashi Nakagawa (中川 隆; Nakagawa Takashi),  7 July 1956 – 2 March 2023) was a Japanese religious and political leader who was the CEO and founder of the Happy Science and the Happiness Realization Party. He was also an author and chairman of two companies affiliated with the organization, New Star Production and ARI Production.

His organization has been widely criticised as a cult.  Adherents of the religion worship Okawa, who claimed to be the current incarnation of a god called "El Cantare" and a number of other beings, including Hermes and Gautama Buddha.
Fluorous chemistry
Fluorous chemistry involves the use of perfluorinated compounds or perfluorinated substituents to facilitate recovery of a catalyst or reaction product. Perfluorinated groups impart unique physical properties including high solubility in perfluorinated solvents. This property can be useful in organic synthesis and separation methods such as solid phase extraction.  In practice, a perfluorinated alkyl group is incorporated into an otherwise conventional organic reagent as an affinity tag.  These reagents can then be separated from organic solvents by extraction with fluorinated solvents such as perfluorohexane.

Organofluorine chemistry
A: fluoromethane

B: isoflurane

C: a CFC

D: an HFC

E: triflic acid

F: Teflon

G: PFOS

H: fluorouracil

I: fluoxetine

Organofluorine chemistry describes the chemistry of organofluorine compounds, organic compounds that contain a carbon–fluorine bond. Organofluorine compounds find diverse applications ranging from oil and water repellents to pharmaceuticals, refrigerants, and reagents in catalysis. In fact, "about 40% of new pharmaceuticals ... and 25% of all those on the market...  contain fluorine".

In addition to these applications, some organofluorine compounds are pollutants because of their contributions to ozone depletion, global warming, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. The area of organofluorine chemistry often requires special techniques associated with the handling of fluorinating agents.