hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mike Singleton
Mike Singleton (21 February 1951 – 10 October 2012) was an influential British video game designer who wrote a number of well-regarded titles in the 1980s, as well as being a contributor to games in the 21st century. His titles include The Lords of Midnight, Doomdark's Revenge, Dark Sceptre, War in Middle Earth and Midwinter.  Before developing video games, Singleton was an English teacher in Ellesmere Port, Cheshire, England.

Ellesmere Port
Ellesmere Port (/ˈɛlzmɪər/ ELZ-meer) is an industrial port town in the Cheshire West and Chester borough in Cheshire, England. Ellesmere Port is on the south-eastern edge of the Wirral Peninsula, six miles (ten kilometres) north of Chester, although not part of the Wirral  administratively or Merseyside. It is on the bank of the Manchester Ship Canal. In the 2021 census, the built up area had a population of 65,430.

The town was originally established on the River Mersey at the entrance to the Ellesmere Canal.  As well as a service sector economy, it has retained large industries including Stanlow oil refinery, a chemical works and the Vauxhall Motors car factory. There are also a number of tourist attractions including the National Waterways Museum, the Blue Planet Aquarium and Cheshire Oaks Designer Outlet.
David Morgan Evans
David Morgan Evans (21 April 1911 – 24 May 1941) was a Welsh rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1930s. He played club level rugby union (RU) for Glynneath RFC and Neath RFC, as a forward, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Wales, and at club level for Huddersfield, as a prop.

Neath RFC
Neath Rugby Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Rygbi Castell-Nedd) is a Welsh rugby union club which plays in the Indigo Premiership for Season 2024/25. The club's home ground is The Gnoll, Neath. The team is known as the  All Blacks because of the team colours: black with only a white cross pattée as an emblem. They were formed in 1871. They are feeder club to the Ospreys regional team.
Maclear, South Africa
Maclear, officially Nqanqarhu, is a small town situated in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa, near the Mooi River (a tributary of the Tsitsa River), 172 km (107 mi) north of East London and 80 km (50 mi) northeast of Elliot.

It lies just north-east of Ugie. The land to the east and south was part of the former homeland of Transkei.

The Eastern Grasslands landscape around Nqanqarhu includes sustainable grazing and wool value-chain initiatives involving Conservation South Africa.

Tsitsa River
The Tsitsa River (Afrikaans: Tsitsarivier; Xhosa: iTsitsa) is a river in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. It is a tributary of the Mzimvubu River and belongs to the Mzimvubu to Keiskamma Water Management Area.
Depth Charge (film)
Depth Charge is a 1960 British drama film directed by Jeremy Summers and starring Alex McCrindle, David Orr and Elliot Playfair. It was written by Summers and Kenneth Talbott, and was B Film shot partly on location in Berwickshire, and released by British Lion Films.

Jeremy Summers
Jeremy Summers (18 August 1931 – 14 December 2016) was a British television director and film director, known for directing television series such as The Saint and films such as Five Golden Dragons, The House of 1,000 Dolls, and The Vengeance of Fu Manchu.
Shedden massacre
The Shedden massacre involved the gang-related killing of eight men, whose bodies were found in a field five kilometres north of Shedden, a small village in the Canadian province of Ontario, on April 8, 2006. Four vehicles, with the bodies inside, were first discovered by a farmer. The day after the bodies were discovered, five people, including one member of the Bandidos motorcycle gang, were arrested for the murders, and three more people were arrested in June 2006. The Ontario Provincial Police (OPP) said the killings were an isolated event and there were no fears for the safety of local residents. The name Shedden massacre is a misnomer. The killings took place at a farm outside of Iona Station and Shedden was the hamlet closest to where the bodies were discovered in a farmer's field.

Iona Station
Iona Station is a hamlet located on the border of Dutton-Dunwich and Southwold townships, in Elgin County, Ontario, Canada. The "station" in the name was on the Canada Southern Railroad owned by the Michigan Central Railroad, later by the New York Central Railroad.

The Canadian economist John Kenneth Galbraith (1908–2006) was born in Iona Station.

The Iona Station General store (which is closed now) was operated by D.J. McBride and was taken over by his son, Arthur. At the same time a blacksmith shop on the east side of the townline was operated by Harold "Boots" Dundas.

During the early years, the children of the community went to S.S.#6 Dunwich – a one-room school house, located on the southwest corner of Shakleton Road and Iona Line. The school house has since been demolished and replaced by a private residence.

The farmhouse and barn of Wayne Kellestine, convicted in the 2006 Shedden Massacre, is located nearby.
P.S. I Love You (Beatles song)
"P.S. I Love You" is a song recorded by English rock band the Beatles in 1962. It was composed principally by Paul McCartney (credited to Lennon–McCartney), and produced by Ron Richards. The song was released in the UK on 5 October 1962 as the B-side of their debut single "Love Me Do" and is also included on their debut album Please Please Me (1963). It was later included on the American release Introducing... The Beatles (1964), its reissue The Early Beatles (1965), and the Beatles compilation album Love Songs (1977).

The Early Beatles
The Early Beatles is the Beatles' sixth album released on Capitol Records, and their eighth album overall for the American market. All eleven tracks on this album were previously issued on the Vee-Jay Records release Introducing... The Beatles, released in January, 1964. The front cover photo for this album features the same back cover photo for the British LP Beatles for Sale.

The album is included in Robert Christgau's "Basic Record Library" of 1950s and 1960s recordings, published in Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies (1981).
Z'ev ben Shimon Halevi
Z'ev ben Shimon Halevi (born Warren Kenton; 8 January 1933 – 21 September 2020) was a British 
writer and teacher of Kabbalah, and a founding member of the Kabbalah Society. Halevi largely published under his Hebrew name, Z'ev ben Shimon Halevi, a contraction of his full family name of Z'ev ben Shimon ben Joshua Haham-Halevi.

Kathleen Raine
Kathleen Jessie Raine CBE (14 June 1908 – 6 July 2003) was an English poet, critic and scholar, writing in particular on William Blake, W. B. Yeats and Thomas Taylor. Known for her interest in various forms of spirituality, most prominently Platonism and Neoplatonism, she was a founding member of the Temenos Academy.
Mallet (habit)
A mallet is a small-tree form of Eucalyptus found in Western Australia. Unlike the mallee, it is single-stemmed and lacks a lignotuber. Species of this form have a relatively long, slender trunk, steeply-angled branches, often a conspicuously dense terminal crown, and sometimes form thickets.

Mallet species include:

Brown mallet (Eucalyptus astringens)

Blue mallet, blue-leaved mallet, Gardner's mallet (Eucalyptus gardneri)

Green mallet (Eucalyptus clivicola)

Salt River mallet, Sargent's mallet (Eucalyptus sargentii)

Silver mallet (Eucalyptus falcata or Eucalyptus ornata)

Steedman's mallet (Eucalyptus steedmanii)

Swamp mallet (Eucalyptus spathulata)

White mallet (Eucalyptus falcata or Eucalyptus spathulata)

Fuchsia gum (Eucalyptus dolichorhyncha)

Eucalyptus dolichorhyncha
Eucalyptus dolichorhyncha, commonly known as the fuchsia gum, is a species of mallet that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has smooth, pale grey over pale brown bark, lance-shaped to oblong adult leaves, pendulous, solitary, red flower buds in leaf axils, yellow flowers and winged fruit that is square in cross-section.
Bontoc, Mountain Province
Bontoc, officially the Municipality of Bontoc (Bontok: Ili nan Bóntoc; Balangao: Fabrey hen Funtok; Kankanaey: Ili di Bóntoc; Ilocano: Ili ti Bóntoc; Tagalog: Bayan ng Bóntoc; Spanish: Municipio de Bóntoc), is a municipality and capital of the province of Mountain Province, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 23,466 people.

Bontoc is the historical capital of the entire Cordillera region since the inception of governance in the Cordillera. The municipality celebrates the annual Lang-ay Festival.

Bontoc is home to the Indigenous Bontoc people. The town also hosts the UNESCO tentatively-listed Alab petroglyphs.

Bontoc people
The Bontoc (or Bontok) ethnolinguistic group can be found in the central and eastern portions of Mountain Province, on the island of Luzon in the Philippines. They formerly practiced head-hunting and had distinctive body tattoos.
BTR-80
The BTR-80 (Russian: бронетранспортёр, romanized: bronetransportyor, lit. 'armoured carrier') is an 8×8 wheeled amphibious armoured personnel carrier (APC) designed in the Soviet Union. It was adopted in 1985 and replaced the previous vehicles, the BTR-60 and BTR-70, in the Soviet Army. It was first deployed during the Soviet–Afghan War.

The BTR-80 was developed into the larger BTR-90 in the early 1990s.

Amphibious vehicle
An amphibious vehicle (or simply amphibian) is a vehicle that works both on land and on or under water. Amphibious vehicles include amphibious bicycles, ATVs, cars, buses, trucks, railway vehicles, combat vehicles, and hovercraft.

Classic landing craft are not amphibious vehicles as they do not work on land, although they are part of amphibious warfare. Ground effect vehicles, such as ekranoplans, would likely crash on any but the flattest of landmasses so are also not considered to be amphibious vehicles.
The Glebe
The Glebe is a neighbourhood in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. It is located just south of Downtown Ottawa in the Capital Ward. As of 2016, the neighbourhood had a population of 13,055.

The Glebe is bounded on the north by the Queensway, on the east and south by the Rideau Canal and on the west by LeBreton Street South, Carling Avenue and Dow's Lake. This area includes the Glebe Annex, an area west of Bronson Avenue, north of Carling Avenue, east of LeBreton South Street and south of the Queensway. It also includes the Dow's Lake neighbourhood, an area north of the Rideau Canal, east of Dow's Lake, south of Carling Avenue, and west of Bronson.

The Glebe lies in the federal riding of Ottawa Centre and the provincial electoral district of the same name.

Capital Ward
Capital Ward or Ward 17 (French: Quartier Capitale) is a city ward located in the centre of Ottawa, Ontario. Situated just south of downtown Ottawa, the ward includes the communities of Old Ottawa East, Old Ottawa South, the Glebe, Heron Park, Carleton University, and Riverside

Out of all the wards currently in existence, Capital ward has existed the longest. It was originally created in 1909 from parts of Wellington Ward and Central Ward when the Glebe was settled. The original capital ward consisted solely of the Glebe. It eventually annexed Old Ottawa South before assuming its current borders.

Its first aldermen were John Carnochan and J. W. Nelson.
Republic of Poljica
The Republic of Poljica or duchy (Croatian: Poljička republika, in older form Poljička knežija) was an autonomous community which existed in the late Middle Ages and the early modern period in central Dalmatia in Southern Europe near modern-day Omiš, Croatia. It was organized as a "peasants' republic" and is best known because of the Poljica Statute (14-15th century).

Duchy
A duchy, also called a dukedom, is a country, territory, fief, or domain ruled by a duke or duchess. In Western European tradition, the title of duke ranked among the highest nobility, generally just below the monarch and above counts or earls.

Historically, there was a significant distinction between sovereign dukes, who ruled independent states, and dukes who were simply noblemen within larger kingdoms. Some duchies functioned as sovereign states in regions that only later became unified nation‑states, such as Germany (once the Holy Roman Empire, a federal empire) and Italy (later a unified kingdom). By contrast, other duchies were subordinate territories within kingdoms that had already consolidated, either partially or fully, during the medieval era: examples include France, Spain, Sicily, Naples, and the Papal States.
The Merry Husband
The Merry Husband (German: Der lustige Ehemann) is a 1919 German silent comedy film directed by Léo Lasko and starring Victor Janson, Irmgard Bern and Marga Köhler.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Kurt Richter.

Kurt Richter (art director)
Kurt Richter (1885–1960) was an Austrian art director of the silent era. He designed the sets for more than a hundred films during his career, including a number made by the leading German company UFA where he frequently collaborated with director Ernst Lubitsch.
CB Zaragoza
Club Baloncesto Zaragoza is a basketball team based in Zaragoza, Aragón, who played from 1981 to 1996 in the top Spanish league (Liga ACB since 1983) and now plays in the 1ª División, the fifth tier.  Most of the years in which the team played in Liga ACB, CB Zaragoza was also known as CAI Zaragoza for sponsorship reasons.

CB Zaragoza must be not confused with Basket Zaragoza 2002, the team of the same city who plays today in Liga ACB.

1990 Copa del Rey de Baloncesto
The 1990 Copa del Rey was the 54th edition of the Spanish basketball Cup. It was organized by the ACB and its Final Eight was played in Las Palmas, in the Centro Insular de Deportes between 10 and 13 February 1990.

This edition was played by the 24 teams of the 1989–90 ACB season. The eight first qualified teams of the previous season qualified directly to the Round of 16.
Union County–College Corner Joint School District
The Union County–College Corner Joint State School District (abbreviated UC/CC) is an interstate unified school district that serves Union County and northeastern Franklin County in Indiana, as well as portions of Preble and Butler counties near the village of College Corner in Ohio. It is the only remaining joint state school district in Indiana and Ohio. The district, which operates under Indiana law, is governed by a nine-person board of trustees with representatives from both states. Under Ohio Rev. Code  §3317.024, the State of Ohio reimburses the State of Indiana for the cost of educating Ohio students, who "transfer" into the district from the College Corner Local School District under an open enrollment policy.

Preble County, Ohio
Preble County (/ˈprɛbəl/ PREH-bəl) is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,999, down 3.0% from the 2010 census population of 42,270. Its county seat is Eaton. The county was formed on February 15, 1808, from portions of Butler and Montgomery Counties. It is named for Edward Preble, a naval officer who fought in the American Revolutionary War and against the Barbary Pirates.
Crispin Wright
Crispin James Garth Wright (/raɪt/; born 21 December 1942) is a British philosopher, who has written on neo-Fregean (neo-logicist) philosophy of mathematics, Wittgenstein's later philosophy, and on issues related to truth, realism, cognitivism, skepticism, knowledge, and objectivity.  He is Professor of Philosophical Research at the University of Stirling, and taught previously at the University of St Andrews, University of Aberdeen, New York University, Princeton University and University of Michigan.

Philosophy of mathematics
Philosophy of mathematics is the branch of philosophy that deals with the nature of mathematics and its relationship to other areas of philosophy, particularly epistemology and metaphysics. Central questions posed include whether or not mathematical objects are purely abstract entities or are in some way concrete, and in what the relationship such objects have with physical reality consists.

Major themes that are dealt with in philosophy of mathematics include:

Reality: The question is whether mathematics is a pure product of human mind or whether it has some reality by itself.

Logic and rigor

Relationship with physical reality

Relationship with science

Relationship with applications

Mathematical truth

Nature as human activity (science, art, game, or all together)
Battle of Mud Springs
The Battle of Mud Springs took place February 4–6, 1865, in Nebraska between the U.S. army and warriors of the Lakota Sioux, Cheyenne, and Arapaho tribes. It was part of a series of retaliations by the Native American alliance after the U.S. army committed the Sand Creek Massacre. The battle was inconclusive, although the Indians succeeded in capturing some Army horses and a herd of several hundred cattle.   
Mud Springs is located 8 mi northwest of Dalton, Nebraska, and is today a National Historic Site.

Arapaho
The Arapaho (/əˈræpəhoʊ/ ə-RAP-ə-hoh; French: Arapahos, Gens de Vache) are a Native American people historically living on the plains of Colorado and Wyoming. They were close allies of the Cheyenne tribe and loosely aligned with the Lakota and Dakota.

By the 1850s, Arapaho bands formed two tribes, namely the Northern Arapaho and Southern Arapaho. Since 1878, the Northern Arapaho have lived with the Eastern Shoshone on the Wind River Reservation in Wyoming and are federally recognized as the Northern Arapaho Tribe of the Wind River Reservation. The Southern Arapaho live with the Southern Cheyenne in Oklahoma. Together, their members are enrolled as the federally recognized Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes.
Saint-Georges-du-Mesnil
Saint-Georges-du-Mesnil (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒɔʁʒ dy menil]) is a former commune in the Eure department in Normandy in northern France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Le Mesnil-Saint-Jean.

Le Mesnil-Saint-Jean
Le Mesnil-Saint-Jean (French pronunciation: [lə menil sɛ̃ ʒɑ̃]) is a commune in the Eure department in Normandy in northern France. It was established on 1 January 2019 by merger of the former communes of Saint-Georges-du-Mesnil (the seat) and Saint-Jean-de-la-Léqueraye.
Clare Market
Clare Market is a historic area in central London located within the parish of St Clement Danes to the west of Lincoln's Inn Fields, between the Strand and Drury Lane, with Vere Street adjoining its western side. It was named after the food market which had been established in Clement's Inn Fields, by John Holles, 2nd Earl of Clare. Much of the area and its landmarks were immortalised by Charles Dickens in The Old Curiosity Shop, The Pickwick Papers, Barnaby Rudge and Sketches by Boz.

The historic district includes large parts of the London School of Economics (LSE) and several academic buildings on the site bear the area's name. The name of the area is also commemorated in the name of the oldest student journal in the UK, the Clare Market Review, which is published by the LSE. The former Director of the LSE, Ralf Dahrendorf, Lord Dahrendorf, chose the official title "Baron Dahrendorf, of Clare Market in the City of Westminster" when he was made a life peer in 1993.

The Old Curiosity Shop
The Old Curiosity Shop is the fourth novel by English author Charles Dickens; being one of his two novels (the other being Barnaby Rudge) published along with short stories in his weekly serial Master Humphrey's Clock, from 1840 to 1841. It was so popular that New York readers reputedly stormed the wharf when the ship bearing the final instalment arrived in 1841.

The Old Curiosity Shop was printed in book form in 1841 in two volumes. Queen Victoria read the novel that year and found it "very interesting and cleverly written".

The plot follows the journey of Nell Trent and her grandfather, both residents of The Old Curiosity Shop in London, whose lives are thrown into disarray and destitution due to the machinations of an evil moneylender and the grandfather's addiction to gambling.
Sonobe Domain
Sonobe Domain (園部藩, Sonobe-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Tanba Province in what is now the central portion of modern-day Kyoto Prefecture. It was centered around Sonobe jin'ya, which was located in the Sonobe neighborhood of what is now the city of Nantan, Kyoto.

Nantan, Kyoto
Nantan (南丹市, Nantan-shi) is a city located in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 May 2022, the city had an estimated population of 30,744 in 14406 households and a population density of 50 persons per km2 (130 per sq. mi.). The total area of the city is 616.40 square kilometres (237.99 sq mi).
Arqueros
Arqueros is a mining district in the Chilean Norte Chico region. It is located 7 km northwest of the Talcuna copper district. The discovery of silver at Arqueros in the 1830s led the Norte Chico mountains north of La Serena to be exhaustively prospected sparkling the Chilean silver rush in the 1830s and 1840s.

Chilean silver rush
Between 1830 and 1850, Chilean silver mining grew at an unprecedented pace which transformed mining into one of the country's principal sources of wealth. The rush caused rapid demographic, infrastructural, and economic expansion in the semi-arid Norte Chico mountains where the silver deposits lay. A number of Chileans made large fortunes in the rush and made investments in other areas of the economy of Chile. By the 1850s, the rush was in decline and lucrative silver mining definitively ended in the 1870s. At the same time, mining activity in Chile reoriented to saltpetre operations.

Exports of Chilean silver alongside copper and wheat were instrumental in helping Chile to prevent default on its independence debt in London.
Ford Wyoming Center
The Ford Wyoming Center (formerly known as the Casper Events Center) is a multi-purpose arena in Casper, Wyoming, in the United States. The arena was built in April 1982. It seats 8,395 for ice hockey and indoor football games, 8,842 for basketball games, and up to 9,700 for concerts.

The first major artist to perform in the venue was Black Sabbath on May 5, 1982. Since that time many major artists have performed there from every genre of music.

It serves as the host of the College National Finals Rodeo in June and is also currently the home of Broadway in Casper theatre series. It has also hosted amateur wrestling tournaments and UFC 6.

It was home to the Wyoming Cavalry arena football team until 2014, Casper Coyotes hockey team and the Wyoming Wildcatters of the Continental Basketball Association.

On January 7, 2021, it was announced that the Wyoming Ford dealerships had purchased the naming rights to the arena for up to six years.

College National Finals Rodeo
The College National Finals Rodeo (CNFR), sanctioned by the National Intercollegiate Rodeo Association (NIRA), is held every June. The inaugural event was hosted at the Cow Palace in Daly City, California, in 1949. Since 1999, the CNFR has been held at the Ford Wyoming Center in Casper, Wyoming. Both men and women rodeo athletes compete for the honor of becoming national champions in their events. Colleges also compete as teams for the chance of winning the men's and women's national college rodeo championship.

There was no CNFR in 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

In the 2024 event, Madalyn Richards from Texas A&M won the women's all-around title Wacey Schalla from Clarendon College won the men's all around title.