hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edward Chia
Edward Chia Bing Hui (born 17 February 1984) is a Singaporean politician and businessman. He has been a Member of Parliament for the People's Action Party, representing the Zhenghua division of Holland–Bukit Timah Group Representation Constituency, since 2020.

Chia co-founded the Timbre Group, but stepped down as a director and ceased being a shareholder in June 2021. Since then, Chia has been serving as the Managing Director of PlaceM and a Director at Feed the World.

Chia has been known to support and develop Singaporean musicians and culinary talents since 2005.

Bukit Panjang
Bukit Panjang (/ˈbʊkɪt ˌpɑːndʒɑːŋ/ BUUK-it PAHN-jahng) is a planning area and residential town located in the West Region of Singapore. A portion of this town is situated on a low-lying elongated hill. The planning area is bounded by Bukit Batok to the west, Choa Chu Kang to the northwest, Sungei Kadut to the north, the Central Water Catchment to the east, and Bukit Timah to the south. Bukit Panjang New Town is located at the northern portion of the planning area. Bukit Panjang has an average elevation of 36m/118 ft.

The town is categorised into seven subzones, namely Jelebu, Bangkit, Fajar, Saujana, Senja, Dairy Farm, and Nature Reserve.
South Bay (Livingston Island)
South Bay (62°40′S 60°28′W﻿ / ﻿62.667°S 60.467°W﻿ / -62.667; -60.467) is a 11.6 kilometres (7.2 mi) wide bay indenting for 12.5 kilometres (7.8 mi) the south coast of Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. The bay is lying northwest of False Bay and east of Walker Bay, and is entered between Hannah Point and Miers Bluff. The glaciers Kamchiya, Pimpirev, Perunika, Contell, Johnsons and Hurd Ice Cap feed the bay.

South Bay was known to both American and British sealers as early as 1820, and the name has been well established in international usage for over 100 years.

Livingston Island
Livingston Island (Russian name Smolensk, 62°36′S 60°30′W﻿ / ﻿62.600°S 60.500°W﻿ / -62.600; -60.500) is an Antarctic island in the Southern Ocean, part of the South Shetlands Archipelago, a group of Antarctic islands north of the Antarctic Peninsula. It was the first land discovered south of 60° south latitude in 1819, a historic event that marked the end of a centuries-long pursuit of the mythical Terra Australis Incognita and the beginning of the exploration and utilization of real Antarctica. The name Livingston, although of unknown derivation, has been well established in international usage since the early 1820s.
Andricus quercuscalicis
Andricus quercuscalicis is a gall wasp species inducing knopper galls.

Knopper galls develop as a chemically induced distortion of growing acorns on pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) trees, caused by gall wasps, which lay eggs in buds with their ovipositor. The gall thus produced can greatly reduce the fecundity of the oak host, making this gall potentially more of a threat to the reproductive ability of the tree than those that develop on leaves, buds, stems, etc.

Gall
Galls (from the Latin galla, 'oak-apple') or cecidia (from the Greek kēkidion, anything gushing out) are a kind of swelling growth on the external tissues of plants. Plant galls are abnormal outgrowths of plant tissues, similar to benign tumors or warts in animals. They can be caused by various parasites, from viruses, fungi and bacteria, to other plants, insects and mites. Plant galls can be such highly organized structures that their cause can be determined without the actual agent being identified. This applies particularly to insect and mite plant galls. The study of plant galls is known as cecidology.
Osaka Monorail 1000 series
The 1000 series (1000系) is a type of monorail train operated on the Osaka Monorail since 1989. The trains were built by Hitachi, Ltd. and Kawasaki Heavy Industries, have aluminium bodies, and operate as four-car formations.

Osaka Monorail
The Osaka Monorail is a straddle-beam, Alweg-type monorail system in northern Osaka Prefecture, Japan, operated by Osaka Monorail Co., Ltd. At 28 kilometres (17 mi) long, it is the longest monorail system in Japan. Its mainline forms an arc through the northern and eastern suburbs of Osaka, and is the only rail transit link to Itami Airport. It also links the three campuses of Osaka University.

IC cards can be used on the Osaka Monorail, including Suica, Pasmo, PiTaPa and ICOCA.
Soo Line High Bridge
The Soo Line High Bridge, also known as the Arcola High Bridge, is a steel deck arch bridge over the St. Croix River between Stillwater, Minnesota and Somerset, Wisconsin, United States. It was designed by structural engineer C.A.P. Turner and built by the American Bridge Company from 1910 to 1911. The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977 for its national significance in the themes of engineering and transportation. It was nominated for its exceptional dimensions, beauty, innovative engineering techniques, and importance to transportation between Minnesota and Wisconsin.

St. Croix River (Wisconsin–Minnesota)
The St. Croix River (/ˈseɪnt ˈkrɔɪ/ saynt KROY; French for 'Holy Cross'), also known in Dakota as Hoġan Wanḳe Kin, is a tributary of the Mississippi River, about 169 mi (272 km)  long, in the U.S. states of Wisconsin and Minnesota. The lower 125 mi (201 km)  of the river form the border between Wisconsin and Minnesota. The river is a National Scenic Riverway under the protection of the National Park Service. A hydroelectric plant at the Saint Croix Falls Dam supplies power to the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area.
Mike Logan (Law & Order)
Michael Logan is a fictional character in the police procedural and legal drama television series Law & Order franchise, played by Chris Noth. He appears in 148 episodes of the franchise (111 episodes of Law & Order and 36 episodes of Law & Order: Criminal Intent) as well as in one episode of Homicide: Life on the Street. He also appeared in Exiled: A Law & Order Movie.

Law & Order: Criminal Intent season 7
The seventh season of Law & Order: Criminal Intent premiered  on USA Network on October 4, 2007, and ended on August 24, 2008.

The first ten episodes of the seventh season aired on Thursday nights at 10:00PM/9:00PM (Central), filling a slot previously occupied by the first season of Burn Notice. The season then took a "fall finale" with the episode "Senseless," coinciding with the 2007 Writers Guild of America strike where show runner/executive producer Warren Leight and the rest of the writing staff participated in the work stoppage; the first ten episodes of the season being the only ones produced. The remaining twelve episodes resumed airing Sunday nights at 9:00PM/8:00PM (Central) – leading in new series In Plain Sight – starting June 8, 2008.
Illinois Route 40
Illinois Route 40 (IL 40) is a 112.05-mile-long (180.33 km) north–south route in central portion of the U.S. state of Illinois. It runs from Interstate 74 (I-74) in East Peoria north to IL 78 at Mt. Carroll, just south of U.S. Route 52 (US 52) and IL 64.

East Peoria, Illinois
East Peoria is a city in Tazewell County, Illinois, United States. The population was 22,484 at the 2020 census. East Peoria is part of the Peoria metropolitan area, located across the Illinois River from downtown Peoria. It is home to many Caterpillar Inc. facilities.

The city is the site of the Par-A-Dice Hotel and Casino, as well as the city's major business center, the Levee District. Located just east of the Illinois River, East Peoria has many points of access to and from the Peoria area. It is also the location of the Festival of Lights, an annual Christmas light display that runs from November to January and draws thousands of visitors from all over central Illinois.
Vincent Da Sylva
Vincent Da Sylva (born 8 January 1973) is a Senegalese-French retired basketball player. He represented Senegal at the 1998 FIBA World Championship. In his career, he played in Senegal, Lebanon and France.

Senegal men's national basketball team
The Senegal national basketball team (French: Équipe de basketball du Senegal) represents Senegal in men's international basketball and it is overseen by Federation Senegalaise de basketball, five time a gold medallist (in 1968, 1972, 1978, 1980, and 1997), a six time silver medallist, and a four time bronze medallist at the FIBA Africa Championship. Senegal was the first Sub-Saharan African team to qualify for the Summer Olympics Basketball Tournament.

The team has included several players who have competed in the U.S. National Basketball Association, including former Charlotte Bobcats center DeSagana Diop and current Minnesota Timberwolves center Gorgui Dieng, and is considered to be, along with those of Nigeria and Angola, a top African side.
Dundee St James F.C.
Dundee St James are a Scottish football club from the Mid-Craigie area in the east of Dundee. They are members of the East Region of the Scottish Junior Football Association and currently play in the Midlands Football League

Scottish Junior Football Association, East Region
The Scottish Junior Football Association, East Region is one of two regions of the SJFA, which currently organises the Midlands League and local cup competitions.

The SJFA was previously split into six regions, but in 2002 the decision was taken to reform into three to try to ensure more games between the top clubs and hence increase their revenues; at that time the East Region was created by amalgamating the former East (Lothians), Fife and Tayside Regions. From 2017, the majority of the region's ~60 member clubs left the SJFA to join the East of Scotland Football League within the Scottish football league system's pyramid structure. in 2021, what remained of the East Region (17 Tayside clubs) was integrated into this 'senior' pyramid as the Midlands League alongside the relatively unchanged SJFA North Region divisions, below the Highland Football League – the third SJFA region, West, had already disbanded a year earlier and formed its own divisions in the senior pyramid.
Hawker Siddeley Andover
The Hawker Siddeley HS 780 Andover is a twin-engined turboprop military transport aircraft produced by Hawker Siddeley for the Royal Air Force (RAF), developed from the Avro-designed HS 748 airliner. The Andover was named after the Avro Andover, a biplane transport used by the RAF for medical evacuation between the first and second world wars; and RAF Andover, where some of its trials were carried out. The Andover had a kneeling landing gear to make ramp loading easier.

Avro
Avro (an initialism of the founder's name) was a British aircraft manufacturer. Its designs include the Avro 504, used as a trainer in the First World War, the Avro Lancaster, one of the pre-eminent bombers of the Second World War, and the delta wing Avro Vulcan, a stalwart of the Cold War.

Avro was founded in 1910 by Alliott Verdon Roe at the Brownsfield Mill on Great Ancoats Street in Manchester. The company remained based primarily in Lancashire throughout its 53 years of existence, with key development and manufacturing sites in Alexandra Park, Chadderton, Trafford Park, and Woodford, Greater Manchester. The company was merged into Hawker Siddeley Aviation in 1963, although the Avro name has been used for some aircraft since then.
Yaku, Nepal
Yaku (याकु) is a village development committee in Bhojpur District in the Kosi Zone of eastern Nepal. It is inhabited mainly by Dhakal (श्रेष्ठ); a few other castes are found. Yaku is also known to be birta of the shresthas. It is a remote place and it has produced a number of well-known figures in Nepal, including academicians, bureaucrats and politicians.

At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3086 persons living in 537 individual households.

Bhojpur District, Nepal
Bhojpur District (Nepali: भोजपुर जिल्ला [bʱod͡zpur] ⓘ) is one of 14 districts of Koshi Province of eastern Nepal. The district's area is 1,507 km2 with a population of 182,459 (2011). The administrative center is Bhojpur. It is surrounded by Dhankuta and Sankhuwasabha in the east, Khotang in the west, again Sankhuwasabha in north-east, Solukhumbu in the north-west and Udayapur in the South.
Phil Seamen
Philip William Seamen (28 August 1926 – 13 October 1972) was an English jazz drummer.

With a background in big band music, Seamen played and recorded in a wide range of musical contexts with virtually every key figure of 1950s and 1960s British jazz. Notable examples included Joe Harriott, Tubby Hayes, Stan Tracey, Ronnie Scott, Denny Termer, Dick Morrissey, Harold McNair, Don Rendell, Victor Feldman, Dizzy Reece, Tony Coe, Tony Lee, and George Chisholm, among others. Later in his career he worked with Alexis Korner and Georgie Fame, and had a spell with Ginger Baker's Air Force, the leader of the band being Seamen's foremost disciple. Addiction to alcohol and other drugs hampered his career.

British jazz
British jazz is a form of music derived from Jazz. It reached Britain through recordings and performers who visited the country while it was a relatively new genre, soon after the end of World War I. Jazz began to be played by British musicians from the 1930s and on a widespread basis in the 1940s, often within dance bands. From the late 1940s, British "modern jazz", highly influenced by American bebop, began to emerge and was led by figures such as Sir John Dankworth, Tony Crombie and Ronnie Scott, while Ken Colyer, George Webb and Humphrey Lyttelton played Dixieland-style Trad jazz. From the 1960s British jazz began to develop more individual characteristics and absorb a variety of influences, including British blues, as well as European and World music influences. A number of British jazz musicians have gained international reputations, although the music has remained a minority interest there.
Garbno, Gmina Korsze
Garbno [ˈɡarbnɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Korsze, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

Historically, Polish-language services were held in the local church.

Gmina Korsze
Gmina Korsze is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Korsze, which lies approximately 19 kilometres (12 mi) north-west of Kętrzyn and 61 km (38 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The gmina covers an area of 249.94 square kilometres (96.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 10,561 (out of which the population of Korsze amounts to 4,632, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 5,929).
Ōsakajō-kitazume Station
Ōsakajō-kitazume Station (大阪城北詰駅, Ōsakajō-kitazume-eki) is a railway station on the West Japan Railway Company JR Tōzai Line in Amijimacho, Miyakojima-ku, Osaka, Osaka Prefecture, Japan.

The station took over the ridership of the former Katamachi Station, which was the original terminal for the Gakkentoshi Line, now starting at Kyobashi Station. The former Keihan Main Line also had a station in the same area.

Katamachi Line
The Katamachi Line (片町線, Katamachi-sen), officially nicknamed the Gakkentoshi Line (学研都市線, Gakkentoshi-sen), is a commuter rail line and service in the Osaka-Kobe-Kyoto Metropolitan Area of Japan, owned and operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West). The line connects Kizu Station in Kyoto Prefecture and Kyōbashi Station in Osaka.

The common name "Gakkentoshi Line", literally "Research City Line", comes from the Kansai Science City, which is located along the line around the border of Osaka and Nara prefectures.
Kazuyuki Nakane
Kazuyuki Nakane (中根 一幸, Nakane Kazuyuki; born 11 July 1969) is a former Japanese politician who served in the House of Representatives in the Diet (national legislature) as a member of the Liberal Democratic Party. A native of Kōnosu, Saitama he attended Nippon Sport Science University as an undergraduate and Senshu University as a graduate student. He was elected to the Diet for the first time in 2005 after unsuccessfully running for mayor of his hometown Kōnosu in 2001.

Kōnosu
Kōnosu (鴻巣市, Kōnosu-shi) is a city located in Saitama Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2021, the city had an estimated population of 117,995 in 50,801 households and a population density of 1700 persons per km2. The total area of the city is  67.44 square kilometres (26.04 square miles).
1920 New Year Honours
The New Year Honours 1920 were appointments by King George V to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by members of the British Empire. They were published on 1 January 1920 and 30 March 1920 (referred to as the 1920 civilian war honours).

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour, and arranged by honour, with classes (Knight, Knight Grand Cross, etc.) and then divisions (Military, Civil, etc.) as appropriate.

Ellen Joyce
The Hon. Ellen Joyce CBE CStJ born Ellen Rice (12 January 1832 – 21 May 1924) was a British organiser of women's emigration from the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. She started and ran the British Women's Emigration Association.
Animal Protection Party of Canada
The Animal Protection Party of Canada (French: Parti pour la protection des animaux du Canada) is a federal political party in Canada that focuses on animal rights and environmentalism. It was formed in 2005 as the Animal Alliance Environment Voters Party of Canada by the merger of two organizations, the Animal Alliance of Canada and Environment Voters; it changed to its current name in 2016. Both parent organizations have been vocal in opposition to the seal hunt in Newfoundland and Labrador, fur farming, trapping, and bear hunting. The party is led by Liz White, a Toronto-based animal rights advocate.

Toronto Centre (federal electoral district)
Toronto Centre (French: Toronto-Centre) is a federal electoral district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1872 to 1925, and since 1935, under the names Centre Toronto (1872–1903), Toronto Centre (1903–1925, and since 2004), Rosedale (1935–1997), and Toronto Centre—Rosedale (1997–2004).

Toronto Centre contains a large part of Downtown Toronto. The riding contains areas such as Regent Park (Canada's first social housing development), St. James Town (a largely immigrant area and the most densely populated neighbourhood in Canada), Cabbagetown, Church and Wellesley (a historic LGBTQ2 neighbourhood), Toronto Metropolitan University and part of the city's financial district (the east side of Yonge Street). At just under 6 square kilometres (2.3 mi2), it is the smallest riding in Canada by area.
Jiabiangou
Jiabiangou Labor Camp (Chinese: 夹边沟; pinyin: Jiābiāngōu; lit. 'wedged between ditches') is a former farm labor camp (laogai) located in the area under the administration of Jiuquan in the northwestern desert region of Gansu Province. The camp was in use during the Anti-Rightist Campaign in the years from 1957 to 1961. During its operation, it held approximately 3,000 political prisoners, of whom about 2,500 died at Jiabiangou, mostly of starvation.

Laogai
Laogai (Chinese: 劳改), short for laodong gaizao (劳动改造), which means reform through labor, is a criminal justice system involving the use of penal labor and prison farms in the People's Republic of China (PRC). Láogǎi (劳改) is different from láojiào (劳教), or re-education through labor, which was the abolished administrative detention system for people who were not criminals but had committed minor offenses, and was intended to "reform offenders into law-abiding citizens".  Persons who were detained in the laojiao were detained in facilities that were separate from those which comprised the general prison system of the laogai. Both systems, however, were based on penal labor.

Some writers have likened the laogai to slavery.
Usurpation of Qi by Tian
The usurpation of Qi by Tian (Chinese: 田氏代齊) was the deposition of the Jiang (姜) clan as rulers of the state of Qi, and their replacement by members of the Tian (田) clan. That occurred as a series of events between 481 and 379 BCE through which the Tian clan cemented its position as the leading family in Qi.

The final acts of the usurpation (391–379 BCE), in conjunction with the Partition of Jin (453 BCE or 403 BCE), mark the transition from the Spring and Autumn period to the Warring States period.

The Tian clan continued to use the name "Qi" for its realm after the usurpation. For historiographical purposes, pre-usurpation Qi is referred to as "Jiang Qi" (姜齊), and post-usurpation Qi is referred to as "Tian Qi" (田齊).

Spring and Autumn period
The Spring and Autumn period (c. 770 – c. 481 BCE) was a period in Chinese history corresponding roughly to the first half of the Eastern Zhou (c. 771 – 256 BCE), characterized by the gradual erosion of royal power as local lords nominally subject to the Zhou exercised increasing political autonomy. The period's name derives from the Spring and Autumn Annals, a chronicle of the state of Lu between 722 and 481 BCE, which tradition associates with Confucius (551–479 BCE).

During this period, local polities negotiated their own alliances, waged wars against one another, up to defying the king's court in Luoyi. The gradual Partition of Jin, one of the most powerful states, is generally considered to mark the end of the Spring and Autumn period and the beginning of the Warring States period. The periodization dates to the late Western Han (c. 48 BCE – 9 CE).
Severn Trent
Severn Trent plc is a water company based in Coventry, England. It supplies 4.6 million households and business across the Midlands, South West, and Wales.

It is traded on the London Stock Exchange and a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. Severn Trent, the trading name owned by the company, applies to a group of companies operating across the United Kingdom, United States and mainland Europe, with some involvement in the Middle East. It took its name from the two predecessor River Authorities, which managed the catchment of the Severn and the Trent.

Biffa
Biffa Limited is a waste management company headquartered in High Wycombe, England. It provides collection, landfill, recycling and special waste services to local authorities and industrial and commercial clients in the United Kingdom. In 2017 it was the UK's second-largest waste-management company. It was listed on the London Stock Exchange until it was acquired by the private-equity firm Energy Capital Partners in January 2023.
Sumitomo Chemical
Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. (住友化学株式会社, Sumitomo Kagaku Kabushiki-gaisha) is a major Japanese chemical company. The company is listed on the first section of the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 stock index. It is a member of the Sumitomo group and was founded in 1913 as a fertilizer manufacturing plant.

Nikkei 225
The Nikkei 225, or the Nikkei Stock Average (Japanese: 日経平均株価, Hepburn: Nikkei heikin kabuka), more commonly called the Nikkei or the Nikkei index (/ˈnɪkeɪ, ˈniː-, nɪˈkeɪ/), is a stock market index for the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE).  It is a price-weighted index, operating in the Japanese Yen (JP¥), and its components are reviewed twice a year. The Nikkei 225 measures the performance of 225 highly capitalised and liquid publicly owned companies in Japan from a wide array of industry sectors. Since 2017, the index is calculated every five seconds. It was originally launched by the Tokyo Stock Exchange in 1950, and was taken over by the Nihon Keizai Shimbun (The Nikkei) newspaper in 1970, when the Tokyo Exchange switched to the Tokyo Stock Price Index (TOPIX), which is weighed by market capitalisation rather than stock prices.