hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Homestead National Historical Park
Homestead National Historical Park, a unit of the National Park System known as the Homestead National Monument of America prior to 2021, commemorates passage of the Homestead Act of 1862, which allowed any qualified person to claim up to 160 acres (0.65 km2) of federally owned land in exchange for five years of residence and the cultivation and improvement of the property.  The Act eventually transferred 270,000,000 acres (1,100,000 km2) from public to private ownership.

The park is five miles (8 km) west of Beatrice, Nebraska, on a site that includes some of the first acres successfully claimed under the Homestead Act.  The national monument was first included in the National Register of Historic Places in 1966. In 2015, the United States Mint released a commemorative quarter as part of the America the Beautiful series honoring the park.

Beatrice, Nebraska
Beatrice (/biˈætrɪs/) is a city in and the county seat of Gage County, Nebraska, United States. Its population was 12,261 at the 2020 census, making it the 15th most populous city in Nebraska. Beatrice is located approximately 42 miles south of Lincoln on the Big Blue River.
Danilovskoye, Vologda Oblast
Danilovskoye (Russian: Даниловское) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Nikiforovskoye Rural Settlement, Ustyuzhensky District, Vologda Oblast, Russia. The population was 213 as of 2002. There are 3 streets.

Ustyuzhensky District
Ustyuzhensky District (Russian: Устюже́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast and borders with Babayevsky District in the north, Kaduysky District in the northeast, Cherepovetsky District in the east, Vesyegonsky and Sandovsky Districts of Tver Oblast in the southeast, Pestovsky District of Novgorod Oblast in the southwest, and with Chagodoshchensky District in the west. The area of the district is 3,600 square kilometers (1,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Ustyuzhna. Population: 18,738 (2010 Census); 21,679 (2002 Census); 22,483 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Ustyuzhna accounts for 50.7% of the district's population.
Paul Rémy
Paul Rémy (17 February 1923 – 14 March 2001) was a French No. 1 tennis player. He was active in the 1950s, playing in Wimbledon, the US Open, the French Open and the Davis Cup.

In 1951, he won the Quebec Open, defeating Canadian clay court specialists Henri Rochon, Brendan Macken and Lorne Main in long matches.

In 1956, he won the South of France Championships, defeating Torben Ulrich, Gardnar Mulloy, and Pierre Darmon in the last three rounds.

Rémy reached the quarter finals of the 1956 French Championships, beating fourth seed Art Larsen in the fourth round. He won the five set three-hour match "with a steady stream of angled placements, passing shots and expert volleys. Larsen missed many easy shots." He lost to Giuseppe Merlo in the quarter finals 10-8 in the fifth set.

Lorne Main
Lorne Main (July 9, 1930 – October 14, 2019) was a Canadian world-class amateur tennis player who competed in 11 Grand Slam tournaments in singles. Main was ranked No.1 in Canada for men's singles in 1951, 1953, and 1954. He won the singles titles of the Monte Carlo tennis championship and the Belgian Open Championships in 1954, both on red clay, and was an integral Canada Davis Cup team member during the early 1950s. Still competing competitively into his 80s, Main was highly ranked, including world No. 1, within ITF Veterans, Seniors (Masters), and Super Seniors player during the 1990s and 2000s.
U.S. Route 231 in Kentucky
U.S. Route 231 (US 231) in Kentucky runs 114 miles (183 km) from the Tennessee state line near Adolphus to the William H. Natcher Bridge on the Ohio River near Rockport, Indiana. It crosses the state mainly in the west-central region, traversing Allen, Warren, Butler, Ohio, and Daviess counties.

Butler County, Kentucky
Butler County is a county located in the US state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 12,371. Its county seat is Morgantown. The county was formed in 1810, becoming Kentucky's 53rd county. Butler County is included in the Bowling Green, Kentucky, Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Konstantinos Lagoumitzis
Konstantinos Lagoumitzis (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Λαγουμιτζής; c. 1781 – 1851) was a Greek revolutionary during the Greek War of Independence (1821–1830), famous for his ability to dig tunnels during sieges.

Lagoumitzis was born in the village of Hormovo, in modern Albania, then part of the Ottoman Empire; though, his family was originally from the village of Lekli. His real surname was either Papakyriakos (Παπακυριάκος) or Dalaropoulos (Νταλαρόπουλος), but he was also called Hormovitis (Χορμοβίτης; from Hormovo). He is mainly known as Lagoumitzis (sapper) due to his successful ability to dig tunnels (Greek: λαγούμια, romanized: lagoúmia) beneath the camps of enemies and blow them up.

His successes during the siege of Messolonghi and the siege of the Acropolis (1826–27), made him famous. During these sieges, Lagoumitzis successfully countermined the Turkish besiegers.

He died in Athens, in 1851; the Greek state paid for his funeral.

Lekël
Lekël (Albanian definite form: Lekli) is a community in the Gjirokastër County, southern Albania. At the 2015 local government reform it became part of the municipality Tepelenë.

Lekël was one of the Albanian Christian villages in the possession of the House of Muçohysaj the ancestral house of Ali Pasha.

Warm-summer Mediterranean climate predominates in this area.

The Albanians of the village speak in the Tosk dialect of the Albanian language.
S8 (classification)
S8, SB7, SM8 are para-swimming classifications used for categorizing swimmers based on their level of disability. This class includes a number of different disabilities including people with amputations and cerebral palsy. The classification is governed by the International Paralympic Committee, and competes at the Paralympic Games.

CP8 (classification)
CP8 is a disability sport classification specific to cerebral palsy.  In many sports, it is grouped inside other classifications to allow people with cerebral palsy to compete against people with other different disabilities but deemed to have an equivalent level of functionality.

CP8 classified competitors are the group who are least physically affected by their cerebral palsy, with their disability generally manifested as spasticity in at least one limb.  There are a number of sports for which they are eligible to participate in, including alpine skiing, athletics, cycling, football, Nordic skiing, standing volleyball and swimming.  In some of these sports, different classification systems or names for CP8 are used.
Golubkina (crater)
Golubkina is a crater on Venus.  It was named in 1985 after the Soviet sculptor Anna Golubkina.

Golubkina is characterized by terraced inner walls and a central peak, typical of large impact craters on the Earth, Moon, and Mars. The terraced inner walls form at late stages in the formation of an impact crater, due to collapse of the initial cavity formed by the meteorite impact. The central peak forms due to rebound of the inner crater floor.

The smoothness of the floor may be due to ponding of volcanic lava flows in the crater floor. The rough, blocky morphology of the crater ejecta and the sharp terraced crater wall suggest that this feature is relatively young.

Anna Golubkina
Anna Semyonovna Golubkina (Russian: Анна Семёновна Голубкина; January 28, 1864 – September 7, 1927) was a Russian impressionist sculptor. As the first Russian sculptor to receive the Paris Salon prize, she is regarded as the first female Russian sculptor of note. Golubkina also had an exhibition at the prestigious Alexander III Museum. A crater on Venus is named after her.
Kano Emirate
The Kano Emirate was a Muslim state in northern Nigeria formed in 1805 during the Fulani jihad when the Muslim Hausa-led Sultanate of Kano was deposed and replaced by a new emirate which became a vassal state of the Sokoto Caliphate. During and after the British colonial period, the powers of the emirate were steadily reduced. The emirate is preserved and integrated into modern Nigeria as the Kano Emirate Council.

Kingdom of Kano
The Kingdom of Kano was a Hausa kingdom centred on the city of Kano in modern-day northern Nigeria that was established around 1000 CE, and endured until its conquest during the jihad of Usman dan Fodio in 1805. Following this, its dynasty was replaced with a Fulani one subordinate to the Sokoto Caliphate, and the polity continues to exist today as the Kano Emirate Council, a non-sovereign monarchy in Nigeria.
Shercock
Shercock (/ˈʃɜːrˌkɒk/ SHUR-kok); Irish: Searcóg) is a small town and civil parish in the east of County Cavan, Ireland. As of the 2022 census, the population of the town was 574.

Shercock is 12 km west of Carrickmacross, at the intersection of the R162 and R178 regional roads. It sits on the shores of three lakes: Lough Sillan, Steepleton's Lake, and Muddy Lake. Lough Sillan is the largest of the three, covering approximately 162 hectares.

Regional road (Ireland)
A regional road (Irish: bóthar réigiúnach) in the Republic of Ireland is a class of road not forming a major route (such as a national primary road or national secondary road), but nevertheless forming a link in the national route network. There are over 11,600 kilometres (7,200 miles) of regional roads. Regional roads are numbered with three-digit route numbers, prefixed by "R" (e.g. R105). The equivalent road category in Northern Ireland are B roads.
Lydia Lunch
Lydia Lunch (born Lydia Anne Koch; June 2, 1959) is an American singer, poet, writer, actress and self-empowerment speaker. Her career began during the 1970s New York City no wave scene as the singer and guitarist of Teenage Jesus and the Jerks.

Her work typically features provocative and confrontational noise music delivery and she has maintained an anti-commercial stance, operating independently of major labels and distributors. The Boston Phoenix named Lunch one of the ten most influential performers of the 1990s. Kerrang! named Sonic Youth's "Death Valley '69" featuring Lunch one of "The 50 Most Evil Songs Ever".

No New York
No New York is a  compilation album of no wave music released in 1978 by record label Antilles under the curation of producer Brian Eno. Although it only contains songs by four different artists, it has been considered important in defining and documenting the scene and movement, with the name "no wave" being influenced by that of the album according to some accounts.
16th Satellite Awards
The 16th Satellite Awards is an award ceremony honoring the year's outstanding performers, films, television shows, home videos and interactive media, presented by the International Press Academy at the Hyatt Regency Century Plaza in Century City, Los Angeles.

The nominations were announced on December 1, 2011. The winners were announced on December 18, 2011.

The categories for motion picture were pared down from 22 to 19 classifications; the change reflected the merger of comedy and drama under a general Best Picture heading.

Satellite Awards
The Satellite Awards are annual awards given by the International Press Academy that are commonly noted in entertainment industry journals and blogs. The awards were originally known as the Golden Satellite Awards. The award ceremonies take place each year at the InterContinental Hotel in Century City, Los Angeles.
Calgary municipal railway
The Calgary municipal railway operated a system of streetcar routes in Calgary, Alberta, from 1909, until 1950.
From 1909 to 1910 the system was named the "Calgary Electric Railway".

In 1946, the system was renamed the "Calgary Transit System", to reflect the decision that all the streetcars routes were to be replaced with electric trolley buses.

The Calgary Stampede grounds were the terminus of the first streetcar route.

According to Maxwell Foran and Charles Reasons, streetcars were built to working-class neighbourhoods, enabling workers to get to their workplaces, while those neighbourhoods were underserved by water and electric utilities.

Calgary Transit
Calgary Transit is the public transit agency which is owned and operated by the city of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. In 2019, an estimated 106.5 million passengers boarded approximately 1,155 Calgary Transit vehicles. It operates light metro (LRT), urban tramway (in the downtown free-fare zone), bus rapid transit (BRT), para-transit, and regular bus services. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 144,385,200, or about 534,900 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.
Elvis Duran
Elvis Duran (born Barry Brian Cope; August 5, 1964) is an American radio personality. He is the host of the daily morning radio program Elvis Duran and the Morning Show in New York on Z100 and in syndication on Premiere Networks.

Before his job at Z100, Duran's previous radio work included a stint as an on-air personality at WIOQ in Philadelphia. He served as WIOQ's program director from May 1989 until just before he was fired in February 1990. In October 1991, Duran became both the program director and morning show host of KBTS (now KGSR) in Austin, Texas.

Prior to working at Z100, Duran also worked evenings at Z-93 with sidekick "Hot Henrietta" in Atlanta, and at Power 104 KRBE in Houston.  He began his run at Z100 hosting the afternoon slot until April 1996, when Tom Poleman, the newly appointed program director (previously at KRBE Houston), moved Duran to the morning slot, where he has been ever since.

WZGC
WZGC (92.9 FM) – branded 92-9 The Game – is a commercial sports radio station licensed to serve Atlanta, Georgia, covering the Metro Atlanta. Owned by Audacy, Inc., WZGC is the Atlanta affiliate for Westwood One Sports; the flagship station for the Atlanta Falcons, Atlanta Hawks and Atlanta United FC radio networks; and the radio home of Randy McMichael. The WZGC studios are located at Colony Square in Midtown Atlanta, while the station transmitter is located in Atlanta's North Druid Hills neighborhood. In addition to a standard analog transmission, WZGC broadcasts over one HD Radio channel, and is available online via Audacy.
Garner–Hayfield Community School District
Garner–Hayfield Community School District was a school district headquartered in Garner, Iowa; circa 1998 it was the second largest employer in that city. In addition it served the unincorporated areas of Duncan, Hayfield, and Miller. Circa 1998 it had 950 students.

For a period the district shared specialized classes with the Ventura Community School District. Beginning in 2012, the two districts began a whole grade-sharing program in which students from one district attended school in the other district, with high school students at Garner and with middle school students at Ventura.

The election to determine whether the districts would merge was held on September 9, 2014, with 602–22 in Garner–Hayfield and 351–51 counts in Ventura favoring the merger. Approval required each district to have over half of its constituents to vote in favor. They merged into the new Garner–Hayfield–Ventura Community School District on July 1, 2015.

Garner–Hayfield–Ventura Community School District
43°05′22″N 93°36′31″W﻿ / ﻿43.089364°N 93.608647°W﻿ / 43.089364; -93.608647

Garner–Hayfield–Ventura Community School District is a rural public school district headquartered in Garner, Iowa. In addition to the cities of Garner and Ventura, it also serves the unincorporated areas of Duncan, Hayfield, and Miller. It also includes a small portion of Clear Lake. The district is located in Hancock and Cerro Gordo counties.
My Name Is Julia Ross
My Name Is Julia Ross is a 1945 American film noir thriller directed by Joseph H. Lewis, and starring Nina Foch, Dame May Whitty, and George Macready. Its plot follows a young woman in England who is hired as a live-in secretary for an ailing widow, where she awakens one day and is gaslighted by those around her, claiming she is someone else. The screenplay is based on the 1941 novel The Woman in Red by Anthony Gilbert. The film received a loose remake called Dead of Winter (1987), starring Mary Steenburgen.

Nina Foch
Nina Foch (/fɒʃ/ FOSH; born Nina Consuelo Maud Fock; April 20, 1924 – December 5, 2008) was an American actress who later became a drama instructor. Her career spanned 6 decades, consisting of over 50 feature films and over 100 television credits. She was the recipient of numerous accolades, including an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress, and a National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actress. Foch established herself as a dramatic actress in the late 1940s, often playing cool, aloof sophisticates.
Akkari-Laban dossier
The Akkari-Laban dossier (Arabic: ملف عكّاري لبن) is a 43-page document which was created by a group of Danish Muslim clerics from multiple organizations set out to present their case and ask for support from Islamic leadership in Egypt, Lebanon and elsewhere, in the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy.

Among the leadership of the Danish-based "European Committee for Prophet Honouring", formed as an umbrella group of Muslim organizations were Imam Ahmad Abu Laban of the Islamisk Trossamfund and Akhmad Akkari, the spokesman of the group. Danish Sheik Raeed Huleyhel was named head of the group and signed the petition letters.

Ahmad Abu Laban
Ahmad Abu Laban (Arabic: أحمد أبو لبن‎; 1946 – 1 February 2007) was a Danish-Palestinian imam and the leader of the organization The Islamic Society in Denmark. He was a central figure in the Jyllands-Posten Muhammad cartoons controversy.
Jacques Feyder
Jacques Feyder (French: [fɛ.dɛʁ]; 21 July 1885 – 24 May 1948) was a Belgian  film director, screenwriter and actor who worked principally in France, but also in the US, Britain and Germany. He was a director of silent films during the 1920s, and in the 1930s he became associated with the style of poetic realism in French cinema. He adopted French nationality in 1928.

Françoise Rosay
Françoise Rosay (French: [fʁɑ̃swaz ʁozɛ]; born Françoise Bandy de Nalèche; 19 April 1891 – 28 March 1974) was a French opera singer, diseuse, and actress who enjoyed a film career of over sixty years and who became a legendary figure in French cinema. She went on to appear in over 100 movies in her career.
Anna Margareta Salmelin
Anna Margareta Salmelin (1716–1789), was a Finnish prisoner of war during the Russian occupation of Finland, Lesser Wrath. She became famous for defending the rights of the Finnish prisoners in Russia after the war, when the Russians tried to prevent many prisoners from returning to Finland in order to keep them in Russia as serfs.

Her actions may have played a role in securing the 1745 release of 16 men and 12 women who had been held in Belozersk.

She was married to Johan Lackman (1702–1770). He was the parish clerk and precentor of Ilomantsi. They had three children, Juliana, Anna Gretha, and Mats (1738–1791).

Salmelin lived with her son Mats and his family after her husband died. She died in Ilomantsi on August 8, 1789.

Russo-Swedish War (1741–1743)
The Russo-Swedish War of 1741–1743 (also known as The War of the Hats or The Hats' war) was instigated by the Hats, a Swedish political party that aspired to regain the territories lost to Russia during the Great Northern War, and by French diplomacy, which sought to divert Russia's attention from supporting its long-standing ally the Habsburg monarchy in the War of the Austrian Succession. The war was a disaster for Sweden, which lost more territory to Russia.
Nightnurse
Nightnurse was an English indie rock band from London, England, who had some success in the late 1990s. 
They released three singles, with their second "Skirt" reaching no.11 in the UK Independent Singles Chart in February 1998. They were the first band to ever release an MP3 single 'IDF/Big Sleep' and were recognised by the Guinness Book of Records for doing so. Their debut album was recorded  at Blackwing studios, but never released as the label Better Records folded in 2000.

Charlotte Hatherley
Charlotte Franklin Hatherley (born 20 June 1979) is an English singer, guitarist and songwriter. She initially came to prominence as guitarist and backing vocalist for alternative rock band Ash. Since leaving Ash in 2006, she has worked as a solo artist and acted as a touring musician for Bryan Ferry, KT Tunstall, Bat for Lashes, Cold Specks, Rosie Lowe and Birdy. Hatherley has also been a touring member of NZCA Lines and was the Musical Director for South African artist Nakhane.
Leycester Coltman
Sir Arthur Leycester Scott Coltman (24 May 1938 – 2003), known as Leycester Coltman, was the British ambassador to Cuba from 1991 to 1994.

Coltman was educated at Rugby School and Magdalene College, and spent a sabbatical year at the Manchester Business School.  After joining the British Diplomatic Service, he served in Copenhagen, Cairo, Brasília, Mexico City, and Brussels, and served as the British ambassador to Cuba 1991–94 and to Colombia 1994–98.

Coltman was ambassador to Cuba during the post-Cold War upheaval that saw the Soviet Union withdraw its troops and foreign aid, and he had access to Fidel Castro.  He authored a biography, The Real Fidel Castro, about his experiences, which was published shortly after his death in 2003.

The Real Fidel Castro
The Real Fidel Castro is a biography of the Cuban revolutionary and politician Fidel Castro, written by the British diplomat Sir Leycester Coltman (1938–2003) and first published by Yale University Press in 2003. A diplomat for the government of the United Kingdom, Coltman had been appointed to the position of British ambassador to Cuba from 1991 through to 1994, during which time he got to know Castro personally. He died shortly before his biography's publication.

The biography looks at Castro's life from its beginning up until the start of the 21st century, when Castro was in his final years of the presidency, a position that he would relinquish in 2008. The book is accompanied by anecdotes about Castro and his relationship with other politicians, supplied by Coltman from his years in the diplomatic service.

The Real Fidel Castro was reviewed in the mainstream press in both the United Kingdom and United States.
Andriamanitrinitany
Andriamanitrinitany was a member of the Merina dynasty of Madagascar in the 17th century. He was the 4th son of King Andriantsimitoviaminandriandehibe of Imerina. King Andriamasinavalona granted him Ambohipoloalina as his fief.

He had issue one son (Ratrimomiambonilahy) and two daughters (Princess Ravololondrenitrimo and Princess Ranavolontsimitoviaminandriana-dRalambo I of Anosivavaka).

Andriantsimitoviaminandriandehibe
Andriantsimitoviaminandriandehibe ("the noble without equal among great nobles") was the King of Imerina in the central highlands of Madagascar from 1650 to 1670. He acceded to the throne on the death of his father, King Andriantsitakatrandriana. He had three wives: Ratompoimbahoaka of Ambohimalaza, Princess Ramahafoloarivo (granddaughter of King Andrianjaka), and Princess Rafaravavy Rampanananiamboninitany. He is responsible for establishing the rice paddies of the Betsimitatatra that lie to the west of Ankadimbahoaka.
Wilmot Brookings
Wilmot Wood Brookings (October 23, 1830 – June 13, 1905) was an American pioneer, frontier judge, and early South Dakotan politician. He was provisional governor of the Dakota Territory, and both the cities of Wilmot and Brookings as well as the county of Brookings, South Dakota are named for him.

Brookings, South Dakota
Brookings is a city in and the county seat of Brookings County, South Dakota, United States. It is located 60 miles (97 km) north of the state’s largest city, Sioux Falls. The population was 23,377 at the 2020 census, making it the fourth most populous city in South Dakota, and was estimated to be 24,312 in 2023. It is home to South Dakota State University, the state's largest institution of higher education. Also in Brookings are the South Dakota Art Museum, the Children's Museum of South Dakota, the annual Brookings Summer Arts Festival, and the headquarters of several manufacturing companies and agricultural operations.