hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sven Hedin Glacier
Sven Hedin Glacier is a glacier north of Princess Marie Bay on central Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada. The glacier has the name of Sven Hedin. The Oxford University Ellesmere Land expedition visited the glacier in the year 1935. The Glacier appeared to be advancing in 1935.

Sven Hedin
Sven Anders Hedin, KNO1kl RVO, (19 February 1865 – 26 November 1952) was a Swedish geographer, topographer, explorer, photographer, travel writer and illustrator of his own works. During four expeditions to Central Asia, he made the Transhimalaya known in the West and located sources of the Brahmaputra, Indus and Sutlej Rivers. He also mapped lake Lop Nur, and the remains of cities, grave sites and the Great Wall of China in the deserts of the Tarim Basin. In his book Från pol till pol (From Pole to Pole), Hedin describes a journey through Asia and Europe between the late 1880s and the early 1900s. While traveling, Hedin visited Turkey, the Caucasus, Tehran, Iraq, lands of the Kyrgyz people and the Russian Far East, India, China and Japan. The posthumous publication of his Central Asia Atlas marked the conclusion of his life's work.
Rich East High School
Rich East  High School or REHS was a public four-year high school located in Park Forest, Illinois, a southern suburb of Chicago in the United States. Rich East's campus serves the cities of Park Forest, Matteson, Olympia Fields, Chicago Heights and Richton Park serving sections of school districts 162 and 163. Oscar W. Huth Middle School, Illinois Elementary School, Barack Obama School of Leadership and STEM and Michelle Obama School of Technology and the Arts served as feeder schools. It is a part of Rich Township District 227, which also includes Rich South High School and Rich Central High School. As of October 16, 2019, District 227 has decided to close the school.

Until its closure it was the oldest of the three district high schools.

Craig Hodges
Craig Anthony Hodges (born June 27, 1960) is an American former professional basketball player and former head coach of the Westchester Knicks of the NBA Development League. He played in the NBA for 10 seasons and led the league in 3-point shooting percentage two times - as have Joe Harris, Steve Kerr, Luke Kennard, and Jason Kapono. He won two NBA championships with the Chicago Bulls and, along with Larry Bird and Damian Lillard, is one of only three players to win three Three Point Contests at the National Basketball Association All-Star Weekend, winning the competition in 1990, 1991, and 1992. Hodges also holds the Three Point Contest records for the most consecutive shots made with 19, set in 1991, and the most points scored in a single round at 25, set in 1986. He was later a head coach at Chicago State University, an assistant coach for the Los Angeles Lakers and head coach of the Halifax Rainmen of the National Basketball League of Canada.
Detective Chinatown 3
Detective Chinatown 3 (Chinese: 唐人街探案 3) is a 2021 Chinese comedy mystery buddy film directed and written by Chen Sicheng, starring Wang Baoqiang and Liu Haoran. It is a sequel to Detective Chinatown 2 (2018) and is the third installment in the Detective Chinatown series. It was released on 12 February 2021.

The film set several box office records, including the biggest opening weekend ever in a single territory, and grossed over US$686 million, becoming the sixth-highest-grossing film of 2021 and the sixth-highest-grossing non-English film of all time.

It was followed by a fourth film, Detective Chinatown 1900 (2025), which again starred Wang and Liu, though as new characters with different backstories.

Chopstick Brothers
Chopstick Brothers are a Beijing-based Chinese duo who became known online by their 2010 viral video Old Boys. In 2014, they wrote, directed, and starred in a full feature film Old Boys: The Way of the Dragon based on the viral video. The promotional song of the film, "Little Apple", also became popular online, winning the "International Song Award" at the American Music Awards of 2014. They re-released the song in late 2014 to feature the popular K-pop group T-ara.
Peter-Paul Verbeek
Peter-Paul Verbeek (Dutch: [vərˈbeːk]; born 6 December 1970 in Middelburg) is a Dutch philosopher who is Rector Magnificus of the University of Amsterdam and Professor of Philosophy and Ethics of Science and Technology in a Changing World since 1 October 2022.

Prior to his appointment in Amsterdam, Verbeek, a Dutch philosopher of technology, was chair of the philosophy department at the University of Twente. He was a member of the Dutch council for the Humanities and chair of the Society for Philosophy and Technology. Since 2018, he has also been University Professor of Philosophy of Humans and Technology and scientific codirector of the DesignLab at the University of Twente. He is an honorary professor at Aalborg University in Denmark. Furthermore, Verbeek was, among other things, vice-chair of the Board of the Rathenau Institute and chair of the Committee for the Freedom of Scientific Pursuit at the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Society for Philosophy and Technology
The Society for Philosophy and Technology (SPT) is an independent international organization founded in 1976 whose purpose is to promote philosophical consideration of technology. SPT publishes Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology, an academic journal.
Given-When-Then
Given-When-Then (GWT) is a semi-structured way to write down test cases. They can either be tested manually or automated as browser tests with tools like Selenium and Cucumber.

It derives its name from the three clauses used, which start with the words given, when and then. Given describes the preconditions and initial state before the start of a test and allows for any pre-test setup that may occur. When describes actions taken by a user during a test. Then describes the outcome resulting from actions taken in the when clause.

The Given-When-Then was proposed by Dan North in 2006, as part of behavior-driven development.

Selenium (software)
Selenium is an open source umbrella project for a range of tools and libraries aimed at supporting browser automation. It provides a playback tool for authoring functional tests across most modern web browsers, without the need to learn a test scripting language (Selenium IDE). It also provides a test domain-specific language (Selenese) to write tests in a number of popular programming languages, including JavaScript (Node.js), C#, Groovy, Java, Perl, PHP, Python, Ruby and Scala. A C++ wrapper exists on its git page, but has not been updated in years. Selenium runs on Windows, Linux, and macOS. It is open-source software released under the Apache License 2.0.
Gerhard Thielcke
Gerhard Thielcke  (February 14, 1931 Köthen, Germany – July 22, 2007 Radolfzell, Germany) was a German environmentalist, professor and co-founder of the Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland (BUND: League for the environment and nature conservation, Germany), an important German environmental organization.

Thielcke died on July 22, 2007, in Radolfzell, Germany.

Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland
Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland (German pronunciation: [bʊnt fyːɐ̯ ˈʔʊmvɛlt ʔʊnt naˈtuːɐ̯ˌʃʊts ˈdɔʏtʃlant] ⓘ; BUND, German pronunciation: [ˌbeːʔuːʔɛnˈdeː] ⓘ) is a German non-governmental organisation (NGO) dedicated to preserving nature and protecting the environment. The name means "German Federation for the Environment and Nature Conservation." Its subtitle Friends of the Earth Germany indicates that BUND is a member organisation of the international network Friends of the Earth (FoE).

BUND is one of 56 qualified consumer associations in Germany that are authorised to bring Musterfeststellungsklagen (Model declaratory actions) or Abhilfeklagen (Redress actions).
Eagle Squadron (film)
Eagle Squadron is a 1942 American war film directed by Arthur Lubin and starring Robert Stack, Diana Barrymore, John Loder and Nigel Bruce.  It was based on a story by C.S. Forester that appeared in Cosmopolitan magazine, and inspired by media reports of the fighting in the Battle of Britain, in particular, the American pilots who volunteered before the United States entered World War II,  to fly for the Royal Air Force in the actual Eagle Squadrons.

C. S. Forester
Cecil Louis Troughton Smith (27 August 1899 – 2 April 1966), best known by his pen name C.S. Forester, was an English novelist known for writing tales of naval warfare, such as the 12-book Horatio Hornblower series depicting a Royal Navy officer during the Napoleonic Wars.

The Hornblower novels A Ship of the Line and Flying Colours were jointly awarded the 1938 James Tait Black Memorial Prize for fiction. Other works include The African Queen and The Good Shepherd, both of which were later adapted as movies.

During World War II, he moved to the United States where he worked for the British Ministry of Information, writing propaganda for the Allied cause. He eventually settled in Fullerton, California, where he died in 1966 of complications arising from a stroke.
Karakulinsky District
Karakulinsky District (Russian: Кара́кулинский райо́н; Udmurt: Каракулино ёрос, Karakulino joros) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-five in the Udmurt Republic, Russia. It is located in the southeast of the republic. The area of the district is 1,192.6 square kilometers (460.5 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Karakulino. Population: 12,230 (2010 Census); 13,835 (2002 Census); 14,620 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Karakulino accounts for 39.4% of the district's total population.

Karakulino, Karakulinsky District, Udmurt Republic
56°01′N 53°42′E﻿ / ﻿56.017°N 53.700°E﻿ / 56.017; 53.700

Karakulino (Russian: Каракулино) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Karakulinsky District in the Udmurt Republic, Russia. Population:  4,814 (2010 census); 5,109 (2002 census); 5,144 (1989 Soviet census).
Anton Rosen
Anton Rosen (13 September 1859 – 2 July 1928) was a Danish architect, furniture designer, decorative artist and professor at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts. In his architecture, he combined a free Historicist style with inspiration from contemporary English architecture and details influenced by Jugendstil.

Savoy Hotel, Copenhagen
Savoy Hotel Copenhagen is a 66-room, privately run hotel located at Vesterbrogade 34 in the Vesterbro district of Copenhagen, Denmark.  The hotel is based in the rear wing of the Løvenborg Building, Denmark's first example of Art Nouveau.

The building was listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1885. It is owned by Dreyers Fond,
No Surrender (2013)
The 2013 No Surrender (also known as  Impact Wrestling: No Surrender) was the ninth No Surrender professional wrestling event produced by Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA). It took place on September 12, 2013 at the Chaifetz Arena in St. Louis, Missouri. Unlike the previous events, this event was not held on pay-per-view (PPV) and instead, like Destination X and Hardcore Justice, was featured as a special edition of TNA's weekly broadcast of Impact Wrestling.

Five matches were contested at the event including a pre-show match. The event concluded the 2013 Bound for Glory Series, as A.J. Styles defeated Magnus in the tournament final to earn himself a TNA World Heavyweight Championship match at Bound for Glory. Also at the event, Bully Ray successfully defended the World Heavyweight Championship against Mr. Anderson in a Last Man Standing match.

Aces & Eights
Aces & Eights were a villainous stable in the American promotion Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA, later Impact Wrestling), initially consisting of a group of masked wrestlers before their identities were revealed. It had the gimmick of a Vigilante Posse motorcycle club; members of the stable rode motorcycles, wore kuttes, and were referred to as either "prospects" or "patched in". The name of the stable is a reference to the two pair poker hand known as the "dead man's hand".
Peak Tower
The Peak Tower is a shopping complex located at Victoria Gap, near the summit of Victoria Peak on Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. It also houses the upper terminal of the Peak Tram, a funicular railway. Both the Peak Tower and the Peak Tram are owned by the Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels group, the owner of Hong Kong's Peninsula Hotel and other properties. The tower and tram are jointly promoted by the collective branding known as The Peak.

The Peak Tower is located at an elevation of 396 m (1,299 ft), 156 m (512 ft) below the summit of Victoria Peak. Because the architects sought a design which would be prominent on the skyline but would not interrupt the natural line of the hills, they chose a site in a dip along the line of the hills, and restricted the tower's height to 428 m above sea level.

Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels
The Hongkong and Shanghai Hotels, Limited (HSH) is a Hong Kong-based holding company of a hotel group. It is engaged in the ownership, development and management of The Peninsula Hotels; commercial and residential properties in Asia, the United States and Europe; and the provision of tourism and leisure, club management and other services. Michael Kadoorie owns 47% of the shares of HSH.
South Horr
South Horr is a settlement in Kenya's former Rift Valley Province. It is located in Laisamis Constituency, of Marsabit County. The A4 Road from Maralal and Baragoi to Loyangalani passes through the village.

A4 road (Kenya)
The A4 road is a long road in Kenya extending from Gilgil in Nakuru County to the Ethiopian border on the East side of Lake Turkana in Marsabit County.

The section Rumuruti-Maralal-Baragoi is considered to be the gateway to Samburu County and, as of 2019, it was being paved from Rumuruti up to Maralal.
Gawler
Gawler, established in 1839,  is the oldest country town in the state of South Australia. It was named after the second Governor (British Vice-Regal representative) of the colony of South Australia, George Gawler. It is about  40–44 km (25–27 mi) north of the state capital, Adelaide, and is close to the major wine producing district of the Barossa Valley. Topographically, Gawler lies at the confluence of two tributaries of the Gawler River, the North and South Para rivers, where they emerge from a range of low hills.

Historically a semi-rural area, Gawler has been swept up in Adelaide's growth in recent years, and is now counted as a suburb in the Outer Metro region of the Greater Adelaide Planning Region. The town had a population of 28,562 in the 2021 Census.

South Para River
The South Para River is a river located in the Mount Lofty Ranges northeast of Adelaide in the Australian state of South Australia.

The river's name is based directly on the Kaurna word pari which means river. The "south" descriptor distinguishes it from the North Para River with which it merges.
Thalner
Thalner is an Shirpur Tahsil's Village, the first capital of the Faruqi kings, stands on the banks of the Tapi river, in Shirpur tehsil about 46.67 km. (28 miles) north-east of Dhule in Maharashtra state, India. It was fortified and played a significant role in the history of Khandesh. At the foot of the fort is an old stone temple dedicated to Thaleshwar. The name Thalner probably derived from this temple. The capital was once a significant commercial centre.

Shirpur
Shirpur is a town and taluka in Dhule district of Nashik Division, Maharashtra, India. It is located on National Highway 3, which runs from Agra in Uttar Pradesh to Mumbai, Maharashtra. The Arunavati River and Tapi river flows through the city. Shirpur is 60 km from the city of Dhule. It houses Asia's largest and India's first gold refinery. Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies has a campus in Shirpur. Ahead of Shirpur there is a small private airport at Village Tande.

The major occupation of the people is agriculture with cotton and maize as the major product. The city has a gold refinery (Asia's largest), a sugar factory and a paper mill.

Shirpur has one seat in the legislative assembly of Maharashtra which is reserved for ST category.

Subhas Colony is the largest and first colony established in Shirpur in the early 1960s In the later 1990s it was divided into Adarsh Nagar. It is named after the freedom fighter of India Subhas Chandra Bose.
Shmaryahu Noah Schneersohn
Shmaryahu Noah Schneersohn (1842–1923) was the fourth and last rebbe of Kopust, a branch of the Chabad dynasty of Hasidism. He succeeded as 4th leader of the group after his brother, Shalom Dovber Schneersohn, died. Other sources say he succeeded his brother, Shlomo Zalman Schneersohn, as leader of the group in the year 1900 after Shlomo Zalman died. He served as the Kopuster movement's rebbe in the town of Babruysk. He was rabbi of the chasidim in Babruysk from 1872, and founded a yeshiva there in 1901. He authored a two-volume work on Hasidism, titled "Shemen LaMaor" ("Light for the Luminary").

Kopust
The Kopust branch of the Chabad dynasty of Hasidic Judaism was founded in 1866 by Yehuda Leib Schneersohn after the death of his father Menachem Mendel Schneersohn, the third Chabad rebbe. It is named after the town of Kopys in the Vitebsk Region of present-day Belarus, where Yehuda Leib Schneersohn settled after his father's death.
Grand Lodge of Colorado
The Most Worshipful Grand Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons of Colorado, also known as the M.W. Grand Lodge of Colorado, A.F.&A.M., or simply the Grand Lodge of Colorado, is a Masonic Grand Lodge, being one of two sovereign Masonic jurisdictions in the State of Colorado, having a mutual recognition and relationship by compact with the Most Worshipful Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Colorado and its jurisdiction. It was originally formed in 1861 by three lodges holding charters from the Grand Lodge of Nebraska and the Grand Lodge of Kansas. It currently has 114 active Masonic lodges in its jurisdiction, along with four memorial lodges and one research lodge.

Research lodge
A Research lodge is a particular type of Masonic lodge which is devoted to Masonic research. It is a lodge, and as such has a charter from some Grand Lodge.  However, it does not confer degrees, and restricts membership to Master Masons of some jurisdiction in amity with the jurisdiction that the research lodge is in.  Related to research lodges are Masonic research societies, which serve the same purpose but function fundamentally differently. There are research lodges in most countries where Freemasonry exists.

The oldest research lodge is Quatuor Coronati No. 2076, founded in 1886 under the jurisdiction of the United Grand Lodge of England.  It accepts members from all over the world through its Correspondence Circle.  A book of transactions called Ars Quatuor Coronatorum (which includes the papers given in the lodge) has been published every year since 1886.

Most research lodges have some type of transactions, proceedings, or even just a newsletter that is published regularly.
Alexander Maconochie Centre
The Alexander Maconochie Centre is an Australian prison in the Australian Capital Territory, which detains maximum security, minimum security and remand inmates, both male and female. It is located in Hume, Australian Capital Territory.  The facility is operated by ACT Corrective Services, an agency of the Government of the Australian Capital Territory. The facility accepts remandees charged under Territory and/or Commonwealth legislation pending legal proceedings; and also detains convicted offenders who are sentenced to full-time imprisonment.

The centre is named in honour of penal reformer Alexander Maconochie, who worked in Van Diemen’s Land (Tasmania) and Norfolk Island from 1836 to 1844. It is also the Territory's first prison.

Alexander Maconochie (penal reformer)
Alexander Maconochie (11 February 1787 – 25 October 1860) was a Scottish naval officer, geographer and penal reformer.

In 1840, Maconochie became the Governor of Norfolk Island, a prison island in which convicts were treated with severe brutality and were seen as lost causes. Upon reaching the island, Maconochie immediately instituted policies that restored dignity to prisoners and achieved remarkable success in prisoner rehabilitation. Those policies were well in advance of their time, but Maconochie was politically undermined.

His ideas would be largely ignored and forgotten, only to be readopted as the basis of modern penal systems over a century later, during the mid-to-late 20th century. He was also the first professor of geography at the University College London.
The Boxer Rebellion (band)
The Boxer Rebellion is an international indie band formed in London, United Kingdom in 2001, consisting of Tennessee-native Nathan Nicholson (vocals, guitar, keyboards) and Englishmen Andrew Smith (lead guitar), Adam Harrison (bass guitar), and Piers Hewitt (drums). They have so far released an eponymous EP, six studio albums, Exits (2005), Union (2009), The Cold Still (2011), Promises (2013), Ocean by Ocean (2016) and Ghost Alive (2018), as well as a compilation album, B-Sides & Rarities Collection, Vol. 1 & 2 (2012).

Ghost Alive (album)
Ghost Alive is the sixth studio album by The Boxer Rebellion, released on 23 March 2018. Four singles were released before the album: "What the Fuck", "Goodnight", "Love Yourself" and "Here I Am". "Love Yourself" was released in conjunction with CALM (Campaign Against Living Miserably) to promote wellbeing in mental health.

The album was a joint production between the band's guitarist Andrew Smith and co-producer, Adam 'Cecil' Bartlett.
Bidar district
Bidar district is a district located in the northernmost part of the Karnataka state in India. The administrative headquarters of district is Bidar city. Geographically, it known as the "Crown of the State", occupying its northeastern end. It is bounded by Kamareddy and Sangareddy districts of Telangana state on the eastern side, Latur and Osmanabad districts of Maharashtra state on the western side, Nanded district of Maharashtra state on the northern side and Kalaburagi district on the southern side.

The Bidar district is constituted by eight talukas, namely Bidar, Humnabad, Bhalki, Aurad, Hulsoor, Chitgoppa, Kamalnagar and Basavakalyan with Bidar being the headquarters of the district. Bidar district is connected with the NH-9 and NH-218 highways.

Osmanabad district
Osmanabad district (pronunciation: [usmaːnabaːd̪]) (Transliteration: Usmanabad Jil'hā), officially known as Dharashiv district, is an administrative district in the Marathwada region in the Indian state of Maharashtra. The district headquarter is located at Osmanabad. The District of Osmanabad derives its name from the last ruler of Hyderabad, the 7th Nizam, Mir Osman Ali Khan, of which the region was a part till 1947. This region was earlier part of The Hyderabad State until Independence.This primarily rural district occupies an area of 7,569 km2 (2,922 sq mi) of which 241.4 km2 (93.2 sq mi) is urban and has a population of 1,657,576 of which 16.96% were urban (as of 2011).