hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scott Patterson (author)
Scott Patterson (born December 29, 1969) is an American financial journalist and bestselling author. He is a staff reporter at The Wall Street Journal and author of Dark Pools: High-Speed Traders, A.I. Bandits, and the Threat to the Global Financial System and The New York Times bestselling book The Quants.

The Quants
The Quants is the debut New York Times best selling book by Wall Street journalist Scott Patterson. It was released on February 2, 2010 by Crown Business. The book describes the world of quantitative analysis and the various hedge funds that use the technique. Two years later, Patterson published a follow-up book, Dark Pools: High Speed Traders, AI Bandits and the Threat to the Global Financial System, an investigative journey into the history of high-frequency trading and the spread of artificial intelligence in today’s markets.
1994 U.S. Open (golf)
The 1994 U.S. Open was the 94th U.S. Open, held June 16–20 at Oakmont Country Club in Oakmont, Pennsylvania, a suburb northeast of Pittsburgh. Ernie Els, age 24, won the first of his four major titles on the second sudden-death hole to defeat Loren Roberts, after Colin Montgomerie was eliminated in an 18-hole playoff. (Both Roberts and Montgomerie were winless in major championships, but each won several senior majors while on the Champions Tour.) It was the seventh U.S. Open and tenth major held at Oakmont, and was Arnold Palmer's final U.S. Open as a participant.

Oakmont Country Club
Oakmont Country Club is a country club in Plum and Oakmont, Pennsylvania, United States. Established in 1903, the club predominantly lies in the borough of Plum, in the East Hills suburbs of Pittsburgh. Its golf course is regarded as the "oldest top-ranked golf course in the United States" and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1987. The Pennsylvania Turnpike separates seven holes (two through eight) from the rest of the layout. Oakmont most recently hosted its record tenth U.S. Open in 2025.
Udaeus (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Udaeus (Ancient Greek: Οὐδαῖος) was one of the Spartoi or men that grew forth from the dragon's teeth which Cadmus sowed at Thebes. The other four surviving Spartoi were Chthonius, Hyperenor, Pelorus, and Echion. Udaeus was the ancestor of the seer Tiresias.

Dragon's teeth (mythology)
In Greek myth, dragon's teeth (Greek: ὀδόντες (τοῦ) δράκοντος, odontes (tou) drakontos) feature prominently in the legends of the Phoenician prince Cadmus and in Jason's quest for the Golden Fleece. In each case, the dragons are present and breathe fire. Their teeth, once planted, would grow into fully armed warriors.
North Schuylkill School District
The North Schuylkill School District is a midsized, rural/suburban public school district in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania and Columbia County, Pennsylvania. It includes the municipalities of the Ashland Borough, Butler Township, Conyngham Township (Columbia County), Frackville Borough, Girardville Borough, Gordon Borough, Ringtown Borough, and Union Township. The district encompasses an area of approximately 72 square miles (190 km2). The school district has a population of 16,224, according to the 2020 federal census.

Special education was provided by the district and the Schuylkill Intermediate Unit #29. Occupational training and adult education in various vocational and technical fields were provided by the district and the Schuylkill Technology Centers.

The district operates one elementary school and one junior/senior high school. Grades 1-6 are considered elementary, grades 7-8 are considered junior high, and grades 9-12 are considered high school.

Girardville, Pennsylvania
Girardville (nicknamed Guntown) is a borough in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, United States, 58 miles (93 km) northwest of Reading. Anthracite coal deposits are in the region. Coal-mining provided employment and incomes for many residents. As of the 2020 census, Girardville had a population of 1,308. It was founded in 1832 and is named after Stephen Girard of Philadelphia, who purchased large land holdings in and around the town. It was incorporated as a borough in 1872.
Avraham Mordechai Alter
Avraham Mordechai Alter (Polish: Abraham Mordechaj Alter, Yiddish: אברהם מורדכא אַלטער, Hebrew: אברהם מרדכי אלתר‎; 25 December 1865 – 13 June 1948), was also known as the Imrei Emes after the works he authored. He was fourth Rebbe of the Hasidic dynasty of Ger. The Ger Rebbe, from 1905 until his death in 1948. A participant in the foundation of the Agudas Israel in Poland. Rebbe Alter was influential in establishing a network of Jewish schools. He led over two-hundred-thousand  Hasidim (followers).

Ger (Hasidic dynasty)
Ger (Yiddish: גער, also Gur, adj. Gerrer) is a Polish Hasidic dynasty originating from the town of Góra Kalwaria, Poland, where it was founded by Yitzchak Meir Alter (1798–1866), known as the "Chiddushei HaRim". Ger is a branch of Peshischa Hasidism, as Yitzchak Meir Alter was a leading disciple of Simcha Bunim of Peshischa (1765–1827). Before the Holocaust, followers of Ger were estimated to number in excess of 100,000, making it the largest and most influential Hasidic group in Poland. Today, the movement is based in Jerusalem, and its membership is estimated at 15,000 families, as of 2024, most of whom live in Israel, making Ger the largest Hasidic dynasty in Israel. However, there are also well-established Ger communities in the United States and in Europe. In 2019, some 300 families of followers led by Shaul Alter, split off from the dynasty led by his cousin Yaakov Aryeh Alter.
Parkville, Missouri
Parkville is a city in Platte County, Missouri, United States, that is part of the Kansas City Metropolitan Area.  The population was 7,177 at the 2020 census.  Parkville is known for its antique shops, art galleries, and historic downtown.  The city is home to Park University, English Landing Park, Platte Landing Park, and the National Golf Club of Kansas City. Large neighborhoods in Parkville include: Riss Lake, The National, Thousand Oaks, Creekside, Parkville Heights, River Hills, Riverchase, The Bluffs, Downtown, and Pinecrest.

Platte County, Missouri
Platte County is a county located in the northwestern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri and is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 106,718. Its county seat is Platte City. The county was organized December 31, 1838, from the Platte Purchase, named for the Platte River. (Platte is derived from the French word for a low, shallow, or intermittent stream.) The Kansas City International Airport is located in the county, approximately one mile west of Interstate 29 between mile markers 12 and 15. The land for the airport was originally in an unincorporated portion of Platte County before being annexed by Platte City, and eventually Kansas City.
Harrisville State Park
Harrisville State Park is a public recreation area covering 107 acres (43 ha) on the shore of Lake Huron off U.S. Route 23 in Harrisville and Harrisville Township, Alcona County, Michigan. The state park contains more than 100 acres of heavily forested land as well as a mile-long sandy beach. It is considered an important location for birders, with large and varied migratory populations of warblers and other song birds. The park is administered by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources.

Harrisville, Michigan
Harrisville is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan and the county seat of Alcona County. The population was 437 at the 2020 census, making Harrisville the sixth-smallest city by population in the state of Michigan. The city is surrounded by Harrisville Township but is administratively autonomous. Located on Lake Huron, it is an official Michigan Department of Natural Resources Harbor of Refuge.
Dr. Victor McBrayer House
Dr. Victor McBrayer House, also known as Owen House, is a historic home located near Shelby, Cleveland County, North Carolina.  It was built in 1893, and is a 1+1⁄2-story, modified "U"-plan, eclectic frame dwelling with Italianate, Gothic Revival, and Queen Anne style design elements. It features a rich array of sawn and turned ornament.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Shelby, North Carolina
Shelby is a city in and the county seat of Cleveland County, North Carolina. It lies near the western edge of the Charlotte-Concord, NC-SC Combined Statistical Area. The population was 21,918 at the 2020 census.
Nightrain
"Nightrain" (pronounced "Night Train") is a song by the American rock band Guns N' Roses. The song is a tribute to an infamous brand of cheap Californian fortified wine, Night Train Express, which was extremely popular with the band during their early days because of its low price and high alcohol content. The title is spelled differently, omitting a T and removing the space, making a portmanteau of the two words.

"Nightrain" is the third song on the band's debut studio album, Appetite for Destruction (1987), and was released as the album's fifth and final single, reaching number 93 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart. The song was ranked eighth on Guitar World's list of the "Top 10 Drinking Songs". The track was not included on Guns N' Roses' 2004 Greatest Hits album.

Izzy Stradlin
Jeffrey Dean Isbell (born April 8, 1962), known professionally as Izzy Stradlin, is an American guitarist, singer, and songwriter. He was a co-founder, rhythm guitarist, and backing vocalist of the hard rock band Guns N' Roses, with whom he recorded four studio albums and left at the height of their fame in 1991.

Following his departure from Guns N' Roses, Stradlin fronted his own rock band, Izzy Stradlin and the Ju Ju Hounds, before continuing to record as a solo artist. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Guns N' Roses in 2012.
PFL 5 (2022)
The PFL 5 mixed martial arts event for the 2022 season of the Professional Fighters League was held on June 24, 2022 at the Overtime Elite Arena in Atlanta, Georgia. This marked the fifth regular season event of the tournament and included fights in the Heavyweight and Featherweight divisions.

Klidson Abreu
Klidson Abreu (born 24 December 1992) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist competing in the Heavyweight division. He formerly competed in the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) and Professional Fighters League (PFL).
Lawrence West station
Lawrence West is a subway station on Line 1 Yonge–University in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located in the median of William R. Allen Road at Lawrence Avenue West. The station serves the local communities of Lawrence Heights, Lawrence Manor and Glen Park, and nearby destinations such as the Columbus Centre, Lawrence Heights Community Recreation Centre and Lawrence Allen Centre. The station has a Gateway Newstands in the north end concourse area at street level.

Lawrence Allen Centre
The Lawrence Allen Centre, formerly Lawrence Square Shopping Centre, is a shopping centre located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Owned by RioCan, it is one of the city's twenty largest malls. It is located on Lawrence Avenue West, west of Allen Road, in the neighbourhood of Lawrence Heights, the district of North York. It is accessible from the Toronto Transit Commission's Lawrence West station, as well as via various bus routes. It is a terminating vista of Marlee Avenue.

Lawrence Allen Centre is 2.0 km south of Yorkdale Shopping Centre, making them one of the few suburban major shopping malls in Toronto to be in close proximity to each other, however they are not in direct competition due to each having a different mix of tenants. (Other pairs of closely-located malls including Cloverdale Mall and Sherway Gardens, and Bayview Village and Fairview Mall.)
Şehzade
Şehzade (Persian: شهزاده) is the Ottoman form of the Persian title Shahzadeh, and refers to the male descendants of an Ottoman sovereign in the male line. This title is equivalent to "prince of the blood imperial" in English.

Ahmed I
Ahmed I (Ottoman Turkish: احمد اول Aḥmed-i evvel; Turkish: I. Ahmed; 18 April 1590 – 22 November 1617) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603 to 1617. Ahmed's reign is noteworthy for marking the first breach in the Ottoman tradition of royal fratricide; henceforth, Ottoman rulers would no longer systematically execute their brothers upon accession to the throne. He is also well known for his construction of the Blue Mosque, one of the most famous mosques in Turkey.
Axiomatic (Tumarkin book)
Axiomatic is a 2018 book by Maria Tumarkin. It was published in Australia by Brow Books and in the United States by Transit Books. The book is a work of creative non-fiction, structured as a collection of five essays that explore five different "axioms" or common sayings. It was the winner of the 2020 Windham-Campbell Prize for Non-Fiction, and was named on the shortlists for the 2019 Stella Prize and Douglas Stewart Prize for Non-Fiction.

The Lifted Brow
The Lifted Brow refers to an Australian not-for-profit literary organisation (also known as the TLB Society Inc.) and the quarterly print literary magazine/journal it publishes. Founded in Brisbane, its headquarters was later established in Melbourne.
Punta Borinquen Light
Punta Borinquen Light (Faro de Punta Borinquen) is a historic lighthouse located in the municipality of Aguadilla on the northwestern corner, known as Punta Borinquen, of the main island of Puerto Rico. Situated on the grounds of  the former Ramey Air Force Base, the station was established in 1889 by the Spanish government. With the opening of the Panama Canal in 1914, the lighthouse would become "the most important aid to navigation on the route from Europe to Panama". In 1917, the U.S. Congress provided funding for a new lighthouse in higher ground.

But before construction began on the new structure, the original lighthouse was severely damaged by the 1918 earthquake that struck the west part of the island. Construction on the new lighthouse was completed in 1922. The light is active aid to navigation and is an MWR housing facility for the United States Coast Guard.

Ramey Air Force Base
Ramey Air Force Base also known as Borinquen Field, is a former United States Air Force base in Aguadilla, Puerto Rico. It was named after United States Army Air Forces Brigadier General Howard Knox Ramey. Following its closure, it was redeveloped into Rafael Hernandez Airport.
State Highway 57 (Karnataka)
Karnataka State Highway 57, commonly referred to as KA SH 57, is a normal state highway that runs north through many districts in the state of Karnataka.  This state highway touches numerous cities and villages Viz.Shimoga, Chikmagalur, Hassan and K R Nagar. The total length of the highway is 719.05 km.

Chikmagalur
Chikmagalur (officially Chikkamagaluru, IPA: [t͡ʃikːɐmɐɡɐɭuːru]), previously known as Kiriya-Muguli, is a city and the headquarters of Chikmagalur district in the Indian state of Karnataka. Located on the foothills of the Chandra Drona Mountain range of the Western Ghats, the city attracts tourists from around the world for its pleasant and favourable hill station climate, tropical rainforest and coffee estates. The pristine Baba Budangiri lies to the north of Chikmagalur, where it is believed that Baba Budan first introduced coffee to India.
Barrelene
Barrelene is a bicyclic organic compound with chemical formula C8H8 and systematic name bicyclo[2.2.2]octa-2,5,7-triene. First synthesized and described by Howard Zimmerman in 1960, the name derives from the resemblance to a barrel, with the staves being three ethylene units attached to two methine groups. It is the formal Diels–Alder adduct of benzene and acetylene. Due to its unusual molecular geometry, the compound is of considerable interest to theoretical chemists.

Iptycenes, with the alkene groups part of an arenes, are related compounds. It is also a starting material for many other organic compounds, such as semibullvalene.

Iptycene
An iptycene is an aromatic compound composed of varying number of arene subunits bound to a bridged bicyclo-octatriene core structure. They are formally derivatives of barrelene. The first and simplest iptycene molecule is triptycene.

The first iptycene was reported in 1931 by Erich Clar. Paul Bartlett's research group developed Clar's method and made the first triptycene. Following Bertlett's work on triptycene, Hart et al., with acknowledgement to Professor Joel F. Liebman, proposed the trivial name iptycene for this class of molecules.
Doge's Palace
The Doge's Palace (Doge pronounced /doʊ(d)ʒ/; Italian: Palazzo Ducale; Venetian: Pałaso Dogal) is a palace built in Venetian Gothic style, and one of the main landmarks of the city of Venice in northern Italy. The palace included government offices, a jail, and the residence of the Doge of Venice, the elected authority of the former Republic of Venice. It was originally built in 810, rebuilt in 1340 and extended and modified in the following centuries. It became a museum in 1923 and is one of 11 museums run by the Fondazione Musei Civici di Venezia.

Great Council of Venice
The Great Council or Major Council (Italian: Maggior Consiglio; Venetian: Mazor Consegio) was a political organ of the Republic of Venice between 1172 and 1797. It was the chief political assembly, responsible for electing many of the other political offices and the senior councils that ran the Republic, passing laws, and exercising judicial oversight. Following the lockout (Serrata) of 1297, its membership was established on hereditary right, exclusive to the patrician families enrolled in the Golden Book of the Venetian nobility.

The Great Council was unique at the time in its usage of lottery to select nominators for proposal of candidates, who were thereafter voted upon.
Nawada district
Nawada district is one of the thirty-eight districts of the Indian state of Bihar. Nawada is its administrative headquarters. The district is the easternmost district of the Magadh division, one of the nine administrative divisions of Bihar. The area of the modern district was historically part of the Magadha, Shunga and Gupta empires. Koderma and Giridih districts of the state of Jharkhand lie on the southern border of the district; it also shares borders with the Gaya, Nalanda, Sheikhpura, and Jamui districts of Bihar.

Giridih district
Giridih district is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand state, India, and Giridih is the administrative headquarters of this district. As of 2011 it is the third most populous district of Jharkhand (out of 24), after Ranchi and Dhanbad.
Álvaro Noboa
Álvaro Fernando Noboa Pontón (born November 21, 1950) is an Ecuadorian businessman and politician. He is the father of the incumbent president, Daniel Noboa.

Noboa has been actively involved in politics as a perennial candidate, unsuccessfully running for the office of President of Ecuador in 1998, 2002, 2006, 2009 and 2013. In 2007, however, he was elected national assemblyman. In 2013, Noboa ran for office for the fifth time unsuccessfully. In the 2023 Ecuadorian general election, his son, Daniel Noboa, was elected President of Ecuador, the youngest ever to hold that position.

In 1997, already owning 24% of Bonita Bananas, Noboa purchased another 25% of the shares of the holding company for the family business. Presently, he runs the Noboa Group of Companies and Noboa Corporation, with more than 110 companies in Ecuador and around the world, including branch offices in United States, Antwerp, Rome, Japan, Argentina, and New Zealand.

Perennial candidate
A perennial candidate is a term for a political candidate who frequently runs for elected office and rarely, if ever, wins. Perennial candidates are most common where there is no limit on the number of times that a person can run for office and little cost to register as a candidate.
Otoki, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Otoki [ɔˈtɔki] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Banie, within Gryfino County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-west of Banie, 17 km (11 mi) south-east of Gryfino, and 32 km (20 mi) south of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Banie
Gmina Banie is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Gryfino County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Banie, which lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) south-east of Gryfino and 36 km (22 mi) south of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 205.81 square kilometres (79.5 sq mi), and as of 2006, its total population is 6,350.
William Michaels
William Mayes Michaels (July 13, 1876 – 1934) was an American professional heavyweight boxer who competed in the early twentieth century. He was born in Alcoa, Tennessee. Michaels won a bronze medal in Boxing at the 1904 Summer Olympics losing to Charles Mayer in the semi-finals.

Alcoa, Tennessee
Alcoa is a city in Blount County, Tennessee, United States. Its population was 10,978 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Knoxville, TN Metropolitan Statistical Area.

As its name suggests, Alcoa was the site of a large aluminum smelting plant owned and operated by the Alcoa corporation (Aluminum Company of America). Formerly known as North Maryville, the town was incorporated under its present name in 1919.
Palliser Range
The Palliser Range is a mountain range of the Canadian Rockies that lies in the extreme southeast corner of Banff National Park, Alberta, Canada.

The Palliser Range is part of the East Banff Ranges of the Central Front Canadian Rockies.

Lake Minnewanka marks the southern boundary of the range while the Bare Range marks the northern boundary. Its eastern reaches are marked by the Black Rock Mountain of the Ghost River Area. The range was named by the Palliser expedition as it appears on one of the maps produced by the expedition. The range gives the name to the Palliser Formation, a stratigraphical unit prominently featured in the mountains of this range.

Palliser Formation
The Palliser Formation is a stratigraphic unit of Late Devonian (Famennian) age in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. It is a thick sequence of limestone and dolomitic limestone that is present in the Canadian Rockies and foothills of western Alberta. Tall cliffs formed of the Palliser Formation can be seen throughout Banff and Jasper National Parks.

The formation was named for the Palliser Range in Banff National Park (which in turn took its name from John Palliser, the leader of the 1850s Palliser Expedition), by H.H. Beach in 1943. The type locality was defined in 1994 in the "Devil's Gap" section south of Mount Costigan of the Palliser Range, north of Lake Minnewanka.
Gościno-Dwór
Gościno-Dwór (Polish: [ɡɔɕˈt͡ɕinɔ ˈdvur]; German: Gut Groß Jestin) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gościno, within Kołobrzeg County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 16 km (10 mi) south-east of Kołobrzeg and 100 km (62 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 130.

Gmina Gościno
Gmina Gościno is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kołobrzeg County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Gościno, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) south-east of Kołobrzeg and 100 km (62 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 116.04 square kilometres (44.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population was 5,136. Before 2011 it was classed as a rural gmina, becoming urban-rural on 1 January 2011 when Gościno became a town.