hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bitlis vilayet
Bitlis Vilayet (Armenian: Բիթլիսի վիլայեթ Bit'lisi vilayet' , Ottoman Turkish: ولایت بتليس Vilâyet-i Bitlis) was a first-level administrative division (vilayet) of the Ottoman Empire. Before the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) it had been part of the Erzurum Vilayet, it was then made a separate vilayet by the Sublime Porte. It was one of the six Armenian vilayets of the Empire.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Bitlis Vilayet reportedly had an area of 11,522 square miles (29,840 km2), while the preliminary results of the first Ottoman census of 1885 (published in 1908) gave the population as 388,625. The accuracy of the population figures ranges from "approximate" to "merely conjectural" depending on the region from which they were gathered.

Bitlis and Muş were formerly included in the Eyalet of Erzurum. In 1875, they were detached and made a separate vilayet. The sanjak of Siirt was joined to the vilayet of Bitlis from Diyarbekir Vilayet in 1883–84.

Vilayet
A vilayet (Ottoman Turkish: ولایت, 'province'; [vi.laː.jet]), also known by various other names, was a first-order administrative division of the later Ottoman Empire. It was introduced in the Vilayet Law of 21 January 1867, part of the Tanzimat reform movement initiated by the Ottoman Reform Edict of 1856. The Danube Vilayet had been specially formed in 1864 as an experiment under the leading reformer Midhat Pasha. The Vilayet Law expanded its use, but it was not until 1884 that it was applied to all of the empire's provinces. Writing for the Encyclopaedia Britannica in 1911, Vincent Henry Penalver Caillard claimed that the reform had intended to provide the provinces with greater amounts of local self-government but in fact centralized more power with the sultan and local Muslims at the expense of other communities.
White Cliffs, New South Wales
White Cliffs is a small town in outback New South Wales in Australia, in Central Darling Shire. White Cliffs is around 255 km northeast of Broken Hill, 93 km north of Wilcannia. At the 2021 census, White Cliffs had a population of 156.

The primary school opened in 1895, and has operated continuously since then. White Cliffs was one of the many places visited by Bill Bryson in research for the book Down Under.

Central Darling Shire
Central Darling Shire is a local government area in the Far West region of New South Wales, Australia. The Shire is located adjacent to the Barrier Highway.  Central Darling Shire was constituted in 1959 and at 53,511 square kilometres (20,661 sq mi), it is the largest incorporated local government area in New South Wales.

The Central Darling Shire Council left over a decade under administration in December of 2025 under the new Regional and Remote Council structure with a half elected and half appointed council. The Chairperson of the council, an appointed office equivalent to a mayor, is the former administrator Bob Stewart.
Birdless Summer
Birdless Summer is a 1968 autobiography by Chinese-Belgian-British physician and author Han Suyin. It covers the years 1938 to 1948, her work as a midwife in Chengtu and then going to London with her husband, who was a military attaché there. Also, her training as a doctor, the start of the last phase of the Chinese Civil War, in which her husband died fighting for the Kuomintang.

She gives a vivid picture of the final years of Kuomintang rule in mainland China, and of reactions to the Japanese invasion. She also tells how she came to write her first book, Destination Chungking.

Han Suyin
Rosalie Matilda Kuanghu Chou (Chinese: 周光瑚; 12 September 1917 or 1916 – 2 November 2012) was a Chinese-born Eurasian physician and author better known by her pen name Han Suyin (Chinese: 韓素音). She wrote in English and French on modern China, set her novels in East and Southeast Asia, and published autobiographical memoirs which covered the span of modern China. These writings gained her a reputation as an ardent and articulate supporter of the Chinese Communist Revolution. She lived in Lausanne, Switzerland, for many years until her death.
Convent and Church of Saint Anthony (Cairu)
The Church and Convent of Saint Antony (Portuguese: Igreja e Convento de Santo António) is a 17th-century Roman Catholic church located in Cairu, Bahia, Brazil. It was consecrated in 1650, but construction on the complex probably began at the beginning of the century. It is dedicated to Saint Anthony. The church building is noted for its elaborate façade and numerous Franciscan architectural elements. It covers 3,215 square metres (34,610 sq ft). The church was listed as a historic structure by the National Historic and Artistic Heritage Institute in 1941. The architect Mário Mendonça de Oliveira calls the convent and church "one of the most outstanding existing examples of Brazilian religious architecture and Franciscan architecture."

Cairu
Cairu is a municipality in the state of Bahia in the North-East region of Brazil. The municipality consists of three islands: the Island of Cairu, which is only separated from the mainland by a narrow river; Tinharé Island, which has the dense tourist settlement of Morro de São Paulo to the north; and Boipeba Island.

The municipality contains part of the 230,296-hectare (569,070-acre) of the Caminhos Ecológicos da Boa Esperança Environmental Protection Area, created in 2003.
Oliver Winslow Branch
Oliver Winslow Branch (October 4, 1879 – February 6, 1956) was an associate justice of the New Hampshire Supreme Court from 1926 to 1946, and chief justice from 1946 to 1949.

Branch was the oldest of four children of New York attorney Oliver Ernesto Branch and Sarah M. Chase, of Weare, New Hampshire. He received an undergraduate degree from Harvard College in 1902, and a law degree from Harvard Law School in 1904, and was appointed to the New Hampshire Superior Court in 1913. He was appointed to the state supreme court in 1926. In 1938, Branch was also president of the New Hampshire Bar Association. Branch retired from the supreme court upon reaching the statutory age limit on his 70th birthday, on October 4, 1949.

Branch married Isabel Dow Hogle of Rochester, New York, on November 13, 1910, with whom he had 5 children. Branch died at his home in Manchester, New Hampshire, at the age of 76.

Oliver Ernesto Branch
Oliver Ernesto Branch (July 19, 1847 – June 22, 1916) was an American lawyer and politician from Weare, New Hampshire, who served in the New Hampshire House of Representatives and as  the United States Attorney for the District of New Hampshire.
Internet Dating Superstuds
Internet Dating Superstuds is the ninth studio album by the southern California punk rock band The Vandals. An independent music video was filmed for the song "43210-1."

Much of the album is characterized by the pop-punk music and humorous lyrics for which the band is known. Its title, artwork and bonus features satirize several aspects of internet culture. The song lyrics printed in the album's liner notes are all partially obscured by depictions of popup ads similar to those encountered while web surfing. As a promotion for the album, the band members held an online contest in which four fans each won a "date" with one of the band members. These "dates" were videotaped and including in the enhanced CD-ROM portion of the CD. Other bonus content in this portion of the album includes a photo gallery and unobscured lyrics.

Joe Escalante
Joseph Patrick Escalante (born January 30, 1963) is an American musician, television writer, film and television director, radio host, and former television executive. He is known professionally as the bassist and songwriter for the punk rock band The Vandals, and creator and episodic director of the paranormal travel series Monsters Across America on Fox Nation.
North Clackamas School District
North Clackamas School District (NC12) serves more than 40 square miles and is located 7 miles from downtown Portland. Included are the incorporated cities of Milwaukie, Happy Valley, and Johnson City, parts of Damascus, and the neighborhoods of Oak Grove, Concord, Clackamas, Sunnyside, Mount Scott, Southgate, and Carver. The North Clackamas School District 12 spends $8,053 per pupil in current expenditures.  The district spends 59% on instruction, 38% on support services, and 4% on other elementary and secondary expenditures.

Damascus, Oregon
Damascus (/dəˈmæskəs/ də-MAS-kəs) is a census-designated place and former city in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States. Established in 1867, it was incorporated in 2004 in an effort to enable local land use decision-making control by the community. The citizens voted to disincorporate in 2016, and, after a legal challenge, disincorporation was completed in 2020. Damascus is located east of Happy Valley and Interstate 205 and west of Boring. The population was 11,050 residents as of the 2020 census.
Rock Me (ABBA song)
"Rock Me" is a song recorded in 1974 by Swedish pop group ABBA, with Björn Ulvaeus singing the lead vocals. It was first released on their third album, ABBA, and was used as the B-side to the group's 1975 single "I Do, I Do, I Do, I Do, I Do". However, after "I Do, I Do, I Do, I Do, I Do" hit number one in both Australia and New Zealand, "Rock Me" was released as an A-side in April 1976, reaching number four and number two respectively. It was also issued as an A-side in Yugoslavia and in 1979 it was included on the band's Greatest Hits Vol. 2 album.

ABBA performed the track on both their world tours, as seen in ABBA: The Movie (1977). The song was originally to be featured in the ABBA musical "Mamma Mia!", to be sung on a boat, as the three fathers and a deleted character (Stanley) rocked the boat from side to side.

Björn Ulvaeus
Björn Kristian Ulvaeus (Swedish: [ˈbjœːɳ ɵlˈvěːɵs] ⓘ; born 25 April 1945) is a Swedish musician, singer, songwriter, and producer best known as a member of the musical group ABBA. He is also the co-composer of the musicals Chess, Kristina från Duvemåla, and Mamma Mia!  He co-produced the films Mamma Mia! and Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again with fellow ABBA member and close friend Benny Andersson. He is the oldest member of the group.
Krzewno, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Krzewno [ˈkʂɛvnɔ] (German: Lüttkenheide) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Goleniów, within Goleniów County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 1 km (1 mi) north-east of Goleniów and 23 km (14 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 150.

Gmina Goleniów
Gmina Goleniów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Goleniów County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Goleniów, which lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 443.06 square kilometres (171.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 33,137 (out of which the population of Goleniów amounts to 22,448, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 10,689).
Slappy
Slappy is the second EP by American rock band Green Day. It was released in 1990 through Lookout! Records. Upon its release, several different colors of vinyl were available in limited quantities. Frontman and guitarist Billie Joe Armstrong cited the extended play as the one on which Green Day began to find its sound. The dog on the cover was known as Mickey. "Slappy" was a nickname given to him by bassist Mike Dirnt's friend Jason Relva (the subject of Green Day's later song J.A.R.). The EP includes one cover, "Knowledge", which was originally by influential California punk band Operation Ivy. All four tracks were later included on the compilation album 1,039/Smoothed Out Slappy Hours in 1991.

Knowledge (song)
"Knowledge" is a song by American band Operation Ivy. It was written by lead vocalist Jesse Michaels and appeared on the album Energy.

During the opening of the song at Operation Ivy's last show at Gilman St. (which was released on the Lint Rides Again bootleg), Michaels opens the song by saying, "this song is called 'Knowledge', and it's about growing up."
Cleveland Cubs
The Cleveland Cubs were a Negro league baseball team in the Negro National League, based in Cleveland, Ohio, in 1931. In their only season, they finished in second place with a 23-22 record. The rosters of the 1931 Cubs and the 1931 Nashville Elite Giants have some overlap as Tom Wilson was owner of both teams.

The Cubs had one Hall of Famer play for them: Satchel Paige pitched in 5 games for the Cubs, winning one and losing one, with a 2.13 ERA. The Cubs home ballpark was Hardware Field.

Negro National League (1920–1931)
The first Negro National League (NNL I) was one of the several Negro leagues that were established during the period in the United States when organized baseball was segregated. The league was formed in 1920 with former player Rube Foster as its president.
Heys Collection
The Heys Collection is a collection of philatelic material relating to amateur radio operators in Europe between 1930 and 1997 that forms part of the British Library Philatelic Collections. The collection includes stamps, QSL cards and international reply coupons among other things. It was formed by John Heys and donated to the library in 2001.

QSL card
A QSL card is a written confirmation of either a two-way radiocommunication between two amateur radio or citizens band stations; a one-way reception of a signal from an AM radio, FM radio, television or shortwave broadcasting station; or the reception of a two-way radiocommunication by a third party listener. A typical QSL card is the same size and made from the same material as a typical postcard, and most are sent through the mail as such.

QSL card derived its name from the Q code "QSL". A Q code message can stand for a statement or a question (when the code is followed by a question mark). In this case, 'QSL?' (note the question mark) means "Do you confirm receipt of my transmission?" while 'QSL' (without a question mark) means "I confirm receipt of your transmission."
Lift Off (Australian TV series)
Lift Off is an Australian children's television series that was developed and produced by Patricia Edgar and broadcast on ABC Television from 1992 until the series ended in 1995.

Each episode of the series featured a live-action storyline about a group of young children, and the problems they encountered with growing up, their parents, and various other social issues.

Episodes also featured segments of short animation, puppetry and documentary segments, as well as various songs, stories and word games. Aimed at 3 to 11-year-olds, the series was linked with the school curricula through the Curriculum Corporation of Australia. The different episodes used stories and locations to explore subjects such as jealousy, loneliness and anger. The puppet characters were designed by illustrator Terry Denton and were constructed by the sculptor Ron Mueck.

Mark Mitchell (actor)
Mark Mitchell (born 29 September 1954) is an Australian actor, comedian and contemporary artist, best known for his roles in the sketch comedy series The Comedy Company, most especially his character of Greek Australian green grocer Con the Fruiterer, as well as his role in Round the Twist as greedy real estate agent Mr. Gribble.
Pietro Zanolini
Pietro Zanolini (29 June 1864 – 6 December 1923) was an Italian Roman Catholic prelate. He was the bishop of the Diocese of Fabriano-Matelica from 1910 to 1913, and the bishop of the Diocese of Lodi from 1913 to his death in 1923.

Diocese of Fabriano-Matelica
The Diocese of Fabriano-Matelica (Latin: Dioecesis Fabrianensis-Mathelicensis) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in the Marche has existed under this name since 1986. It is a suffragan of the archdiocese of Ancona-Osimo.
To Love (1964 film)
To Love (Swedish: Att Älska) is a 1964 Swedish drama film written and directed by Jörn Donner. For her performance Harriet Andersson was awarded Volpi Cup for Best Actress at the 25th Venice International Film Festival.

25th Venice International Film Festival
The 25th annual Venice International Film Festival was held from 27 August to 10 September 1964.

Italian writer Mario Soldati was the jury president for the main competition. The Golden Lion was awarded to Red Desert, directed by Michelangelo Antonioni.
Reefer Madness: The Movie Musical
Reefer Madness: The Movie Musical, also known as Reefer Madness, is a 2005 American made-for-television musical comedy film directed by Andy Fickman, written by Kevin Murphy and Dan Studney, and produced by the three. A film adaptation of the trio's 1998 musical of the same name, itself based on the 1936 exploitation film also of the same title, it premiered on Showtime on April 16, 2005. The film also received a limited theatrical release overseas, and grossed $8,972 in its short run.

The film stars Kristen Bell, Christian Campbell, and John Kassir reprising their stage roles, with the notable addition of Alan Cumming and Ana Gasteyer in other lead roles. Robert Torti, who played both Jack and Jesus onstage, portrays only the latter in this version.

Ana Gasteyer
Ana Kristina Gasteyer (/ˈɑːnə ˈɡæˌstaɪ.ər/; born May 4, 1967) is an American actress, comedian and singer. She was a cast member on the NBC sketch comedy series Saturday Night Live from 1996 to 2002. She has since starred in such sitcoms as ABC's Suburgatory, TBS's People of Earth, NBC's American Auto, and the film Mean Girls.
The Empire Brunei
The Empire Brunei is a luxury hotel located in Kampong Jerudong, near the capital, Bandar Seri Begawan, in the Brunei–Muara District of Brunei. Originally funded by Prince Jefri Bolkiah and completed in 2000, the hotel encountered financial difficulties that resulted in government investment and a transfer of ownership. Relaunched in 2019 with updated branding, the hotel offers a range of accommodations, including the "Emperor Suite". The hotel has won awards, including for its golf course, and has hosted a number of ASEAN events.

Prince Jefri Bolkiah
Jefri Bolkiah ibni Omar Ali Saifuddien III (born 6 December 1954) is a member of the Bruneian royal family as the son of the Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien III. He held several key ministerial positions, most notably as the finance minister from 1986 to 1997. During this time, he also chaired the Brunei Investment Agency (BIA), which manages much of the country's wealth and oversees its overseas investments. Additionally, he is the deputy chairman 3 of the Jabatan Adat Istiadat Negara.
The Swelly Express
The Swelly Express is the debut mixtape by American band Chiddy Bang. Consisting of 18 tracks (12 songs, 5 skits, and 1 freestyle), the mixtape was released on October 29, 2009 to positive critical reception.

Chiddy Bang
Chidera Anamege, now known by his stage name Chiddy Bang, is an American rapper from Philadelphia. Prior to its breakup, Chiddy Bang was an American hip hop duo consisting of Anamege, under the stage name Chiddy, and Noah Beresin, under the stage name Xaphoon Jones. The duo was introduced by former band member Zachary Sewall in late 2008 while the two were studying at Drexel University, in Beresin's hometown of Philadelphia. Anamege's sound is based on the fusion of hip hop and alternative using samples from artists such as Ellie Goulding, Radiohead, Sufjan Stevens, Passion Pit, MGMT, Matt and Kim and Yelle. In 2013, Beresin left the group to focus on producing, and Anamege became a solo artist, with Beresin playing the role as frequent collaborator.
Stephen Page
Stephen George Page AO is an Aboriginal Australian choreographer, film director and former dancer. He was artistic director of the Bangarra Dance Theatre, an Indigenous Australian dance company, from 1991 until 2022. During this time he choreographed or created 33 works for the company, as well as several other major works, including segments of the opening and closing ceremonies of the Sydney Olympic Games. He was artistic director of the 2004 Adelaide Festival of the Arts, and has also done work for theatre and film.

Aboriginal Islander Dance Theatre
Aboriginal Islander Dance Theatre (AIDT) was the first dance company used to train Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander students on their dancing career, and grew into a performance group. Originating in the National Aboriginal and Islander Skills Development Association (predecessor to NAISDA), it was based in Sydney, New South Wales, and operated from 1976 to 1998.
Semagacestat
Semagacestat (LY-450139) was a candidate drug for a causal therapy against Alzheimer's disease. It was originally developed by Eli Lilly and Elan, and clinical trials were conducted by Eli Lilly. Phase III trials included over 3000 patients, but in August 2010, a disappointing interim analysis, in which semagacestat performed worse than the placebo, led to the trials being stopped.

Élan
Elan Corporation plc was a major drugs firm based in Dublin, Ireland, which had major interests in the United States. It was listed on the New York Stock Exchange as ELN, the Irish Stock Exchange as ELN.I, and the London Stock Exchange as ELN.L.  In 2013, the company merged with Perrigo to form Perrigo Company PLC.
American Casino & Entertainment Properties
American Casino & Entertainment Properties (ACEP) owned and operated 4 casinos. It was purchased by Golden Entertainment in October 2017 for $850 million. ACEP was a casino holding company headquartered at the Stratosphere Las Vegas. ACEP was a wholly owned subsidiary of American Real Estate Partners before it was sold to Whitehall Street Real Estate Funds, an investment arm of Goldman Sachs, in February 2008. The company owned the following 4 casinos: Aquarius Casino Resort, Arizona Charlie's Decatur, Arizona Charlie's Boulder and Stratosphere Las Vegas. Golden Entertainment acquired ACEP from Whitehall.

Icahn Enterprises
Icahn Enterprises L.P. is an American publicly traded master limited partnership and conglomerate headquartered at Milton Tower in Sunny Isles Beach, Florida. The company has investments in various industries including energy, automotive, food packaging, metals, real estate and home fashion. The company is controlled by Carl Icahn, who owns 86 percent of it.
Mwingi West Constituency
Mwingi West is a constituency in the eastern region of the Republic of Kenya. It is one of eight constituencies in Kitui County. The current member of the 13th Parliament of Mwingi West Constituency is Hon. Nguna, Charles Ngusya.

Constituencies of Kenya
The constituencies of Kenya are used to elect members of the National Assembly, the lower chamber of the Kenyan Parliament. In accordance with Article 89 of the 2010 Constitution of Kenya, there are 290 constituencies, based on a formula where these constituencies were to be delineated based on population numbers. Each constituency returns one Member of National Assembly. The constituencies are further divided into electoral wards.
Miss United States 2022
Miss United States 2022 was the 36th edition of the Miss United States pageant, which occurred at the Cannon Center for the Performing Arts in Memphis, Tennessee on October 17, 2022. Miss United States 2021, Samantha Keene Anderson of Arizona, crowned Lily K. Donaldson representing New York at the end of the event.

Miss United States is a pageant held in the United States for unmarried women between the ages of 20–29. The pageant includes women selected to represent all 50 states, District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, who compete in Swimsuit, Evening Gown, Private Interview, and an onstage speaking portion dedicated to each contestant's chosen charitable cause.

The 2022 competition was sponsored by Johnathan Kayne, Dibiase Hair Extensions, and the Sash Company.

Lily K. Donaldson
Lily K. Donaldson (born 1999) is an American beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss United States 2022. She was the first Miss United States to visit all 50 states during her reign. Donaldson was crowned Miss United States 2022 in her hometown Memphis, Tennessee on October 16, 2022.