hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Magal (kibbutz)
Magal (Hebrew: מַגָּל, lit. Sickle) is a kibbutz in Israel. Located in the Wadi Ara region of the northern Sharon plain near the Green Line, it falls under the jurisdiction of Menashe Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 1,219. The kibbutz was named after the sickle on the Nahal's badge.

Wadi Ara
Wadi Ara (Arabic: وادي عارة; Hebrew: ואדי עארה) or Nahal 'Iron (Hebrew: נחל עירון), is a valley and its surrounding area in Israel populated mainly by Arab Israelis. The area is also known as the "Northern Triangle".

Wadi Ara is located northwest of the Green Line, in the Haifa District. Highway 65 runs through the wadi. The ancient town of biblical fame, Megiddo, known from Revelation 16:16 as Armageddon, used to guard its northern exit during much of the Bronze and Iron Ages.
Hakka culture
Hakka culture (Chinese: 客家文化) refers to the culture created by Hakka people, a Han Chinese subgroup, across Asia and the Americas. It encompasses the shared language, various art forms, food culture, folklore, and traditional customs. Hakka culture stemmed from the culture of Ancient Han Chinese, who migrated from China's central plain to what is modern day's Southern China during the 6th to 13th century, and intermixed with local non-Han Hmong–Mien speaking ethnic groups such as the Yao people, the She people, and the Miao people. It has also been influenced by the cultures of surrounding Han Chinese groups, such as the Cantonese and the Hoklo. Having historically lived in the mountains of Southern China and being minority groups in many of the surrounding Chinese provinces, the Hakka have developed a culture characterized by reservedness, stability, and frugality.

Han Chinese subgroups
The Han Chinese people can be defined into subgroups based on linguistic, cultural, ethnic, genetic, and regional features. The groups are termed minxi (Chinese: 民系; pinyin: mínxì; Wade–Giles: min2 hsi4; lit. 'ethnic lineages', pronounced [mǐnɕî]) in mainland China and zuqun (Chinese: 族群; pinyin: zúqún; Wade–Giles: tzu2 ch'ün; lit. 'ethnic groups', pronounced [tsǔtɕʰy̌n]) in Taiwan. While the Chinese government recognizes 56 official ethnic groups, it does not recognize Han subgroups. Taiwan recognizes three subgroups: the Hakka, Hoklo, and Waishengren.
Gothenburg and Bohus County
Gothenburg and Bohus County (Swedish: Göteborgs och Bohus län) was a county of Sweden until 1 January 1998, when it was merged with Skaraborg County and Älvsborg County to form Västra Götaland County.

The county was named after the city of Gothenburg and the historical province of Bohuslän. Gothenburg was the seat of residence for the governor and represented the westernmost part of the province of Västergötland.

Västergötland
Västergötland (Swedish: [ˈvɛ̂sːtɛrˌjøːtland] ⓘ), also known as West Gothland or the Latinized version Westrogothia in older literature, is one of the 25 traditional non-administrative provinces of Sweden (landskap in Swedish), situated in the southwest of Sweden.

Västergötland is home to Gothenburg, the second largest city in Sweden, which is situated along a short stretch of the Kattegat strait. The province is bordered by Bohuslän, Dalsland, Värmland, Närke, Östergötland, Småland and Halland, as well as the two largest Swedish lakes Vänern and Vättern. Victoria, Crown Princess of Sweden is Duchess of Västergötland.
Basis Educational Group
BASIS Educational Group. LLC, styled BASIS.ed, is a for-profit education management organization based in Scottsdale, Arizona. It serves primarily BASIS Charter Schools, a non-profit charter management organization with offices in the same complex.

The BASIS Charter School network is organized by the regions in which the schools operate: BASIS Charter Schools, Inc, BTX Schools, Inc (Texas), BASIS D.C. (Washington D.C.), and BASIS Baton Rouge (Louisiana). In 2021, BASIS Charter Schools' 31 campuses enrolled 29,000 students. In 2018, BASIS Charter Schools claimed 29 schools and 17,000 students, which matches publicly available enrollment numbers from BASIS Charter Schools. In 2015, BASIS Charter Schools enrolled 12,014 students.: 84

Basis Schools
BASIS Curriculum Schools, Inc. is a global network of public and private schools that use the BASIS Curriculum. BASIS Curriculum Schools are made up of BASIS Charter Schools, BASIS Independent Schools, and BASIS International Schools.
The Girl and the Legend
The Girl and the Legend (German: Robinson soll nicht sterben) is a 1957 German historical drama film directed by Josef von Báky and starring Romy Schneider, Horst Buchholz and Erich Ponto. It was shot at the Bavaria Studios in Munich. The film's sets were designed by the art director Hein Heckroth.

Josef von Báky
Josef von Báky (23 March 1902, Zombor, Austria-Hungary – 28 July 1966, Munich, West Germany) was a Hungarian filmmaker. He was also known as Josef v. Baky and József Báky. Báky was born in the village of Zobor in the Kingdom of Hungary (today Zombor, Slovakia). He worked as an assistant to Géza von Bolváry.

He worked as director or producer on no less than 48 films. He died in Munich, Bavaria, West Germany.

Báky's best known film is Münchhausen, which was released in 1943. It is a fantasy-comedy and is noted for how it avoids politics of its time. The film was ordered by Nazi propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels to celebrate the 25th anniversary of UFA and to compete with Hollywood productions.
Gennaria
Gennaria is a genus of flowering plants in the orchid family, Orchidaceae. For many years it contained only one species, Gennaria diphylla. A second species, Gennaria griffithii, was added in 2015. The genus name honours Patrizio Gennari, Italian botanist and patriot.

Patrizio Gennari
Patrizio Gennari (24 November 1820, in Moresco – 1 February 1897, in Cagliari) was an Italian botanist and patriot. He served in the Second Italian War of Independence (the Austro-Sardinian War). From 1866 to 1892, he was a professor at the University of Cagliari, Sardinia, and director of the university's botanic garden, the Orto Botanico dell'Università di Cagliari. The orchid genus Gennaria is named after him.
Humble Gods
Humble Gods was a punk rock band from Hermosa Beach, California. Kottonmouth Kings' frontman Daddy X created the band. On October 17, 1995, the band released its debut self-titled album Humble Gods on WEA. The band had a number of members come and go throughout its career, including two untimely deaths. Daddy X is also the vocalist of the punk rock/hip-hop groups X-Pistols and Kottonmouth Kings, and former vocalist of the skate punk band Doggy Style. He also has a solo hip-hop career.

Jason Thirsk
Jason Matthew Thirsk (December 25, 1967 – July 29, 1996) was an American musician who was the bass player of the California punk rock band Pennywise from 1988 through his death in 1996. He grew up in Hermosa Beach, California.

Pennywise was formed in 1988 by Thirsk along with singer Jim Lindberg, guitarist Fletcher Dragge, and drummer Byron McMackin. Thirsk reportedly did not like to travel. Thirsk had been in rehabilitation for alcoholism and suffered from depression.
Kuch Rang Pyar Ke Aise Bhi: Nayi Kahaani
Kuch Rang Pyar Ke Aise Bhi: Nayi Kahaani (transl. Shades Of Love: New Story) is an Indian Hindi-language romantic drama television series which started airing on 12 July 2021 on Sony TV. It stars Erica Fernandes, Shaheer Sheikh and Supriya Pilgaonkar.

Sequel to Kuch Rang Pyar Ke Aise Bhi, it is the 3rd season of the same series with a new story and new characters were unfolded.

Erica Fernandes
Erica Jennifer Fernandes (pronounced [ˈɛɾɪka fəɾˈnændɛz]; born 7 May 1993) is an Indian actress and former model known for her work in television. She has featured in Tamil, Hindi, Telugu and Kannada films. Fernandes made her debut in Tamil film Ainthu Ainthu Ainthu. She got her breakthrough with her television debut, portraying Dr. Sonakshi Bose in Kuch Rang Pyar Ke Aise Bhi. She has also acted in Kannada film Ninnindale and many Tamil films including Galipatam. Fernandes is also known for her portrayal of Prerna Sharma in Kasautii Zindagii Kay.
The Cold Room
The Cold Room is a 1984 cable television film by James Dearden.

Based on an eponymous 1978 science fiction novel by Jeffrey Caine, the film stars George Segal, Amanda Pays (in her film debut), Anthony Higgins, Renée Soutendijk, and Warren Clarke. The original film score is by Michael Nyman. It was a production of MCEG/Sterling Entertainment and released on VHS by Charter Entertainment.

James Dearden
James Dearden (born 14 September 1949) is a British screenwriter and film director, the son of actress Melissa Stribling and director Basil Dearden. He directed eight films between 1977 and 2018. His film Pascali's Island was entered into the 1988 Cannes Film Festival.

For writing the screenplay for Fatal Attraction (1987), Dearden received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.

Dearden is married to British actress Annabel Brooks.
Demerara River
The Demerara River is a river in eastern Guyana that rises in the central rainforests of the country and flows to the north for 346 kilometres until it reaches the Atlantic Ocean. Georgetown, Guyana's largest seaport and capital, is situated on the east bank of the river's mouth. The river divides Essequibo Islands-West Demerara (Region 3) on the west bank from Demerara-Mahaica (Region 4) to the east.

The name "Demerara" comes from a variant of the Arawak word "Immenary" or "Dumaruni" which means "river of the letter wood" (wood of Brosimum guianense tree).

Essequibo Islands-West Demerara
Essequibo Islands-West Demerara (Region 3) is a region of Guyana. It is situated around the Essequibo River, the largest river in Guyana that lies between the Orinoco and Amazon rivers of South America.

It is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean to the north, the region of Demerara-Mahaica and Demerara River to the east, the region of Upper Demerara-Berbice to the south and the region of Pomeroon-Supenaam to the west. In this region are the villages of Parika, Tuschen and Uitvlugt. Along the Essequibo River are 365 islands, of which three of the largest are to be found at the mouth of the Essequibo: Hogg Island, Wakenaam and Leguan.
Escape (Journey album)
Escape (stylized as E5C4P3 on the album cover) is the seventh studio album by American rock band Journey, released on July 17, 1981, by Columbia Records. It topped the US Billboard 200 chart and featured four hit Billboard Hot 100 singles – "Don't Stop Believin'" (No. 9), "Who's Crying Now" (No. 4), "Still They Ride" (No. 19) and "Open Arms" (No. 2) – plus rock radio staple "Stone in Love". In July 1990, it was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry of America (RIAA) for at least ten million sales in the US, making it the band's most successful studio album and second most successful album overall behind Greatest Hits. Escape was the fifth-highest selling album of 1981, just behind Bella Donna from Stevie Nicks.

Mike Stone (music producer)
Michael Richard Seth Stone (December 1951 – May 2002) was an English recording engineer and record producer. He worked with Queen (multiple albums), Foreigner (multiple albums), Journey (multiple albums), Toby Beau, Asia (multiple albums), Whitesnake, April Wine (multiple albums), and others.
Judith A. LaRocque
Judith Anne LaRocque CVO (born 27 September 1956 and died 29 December 2021) was a senior Canadian civil servant.  Most notably, she served as Secretary to the Governor General of Canada and Herald Chancellor of Canada from 1990 until 2000.  Since 2010, she has been Canada's Ambassador and Permanent Representative at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in Paris. She died on December 29, 2021.

Herald Chancellor of Canada
The Herald Chancellor (French: Chancelier d'armes) is an officer at the Canadian Heraldic Authority. The office is always filled by the Secretary to the Governor General. The Herald Chancellor is responsible for the administration of the entire vice-regal office. In some ways, the position is analogous to the Earl Marshal in England, as it is the Herald Chancellor who issues the warrants permitting the Chief Herald of Canada to make grants of arms. The Herald Chancellor also signs each completed grant document, along with the Chief Herald.

The position of Deputy Herald Chancellor (French: Vice-chancelier d'armes)) is held by the Deputy Secretary to the Governor General, who is also the head of the Chancellery of Honours, responsible for the administration of the Canadian honours system. When the Herald Chancellor is unavailable, the Deputy Herald Chancellor will issue the proper warrants for the Chief Herald grant arms.
Split-complex number
In algebra, a split-complex number (or hyperbolic number, also perplex number, double number) is based on a hyperbolic unit j satisfying , where . A split-complex number has two real number components x and y, and is written  The conjugate of z is  Since  the product of a number z with its conjugate is  an isotropic quadratic form.

The collection D of all split-complex numbers  for ⁠⁠ forms an algebra over the field of real numbers.  Two split-complex numbers w and z have a product wz that satisfies   This composition of N over the algebra product makes (D, +, ×, *) a composition algebra.

A similar algebra based on ⁠⁠ and component-wise operations of addition and multiplication, ⁠⁠ where xy is the quadratic form on ⁠⁠ also forms a quadratic space. The ring isomorphism

is an isometry of quadratic spaces.

Split-complex numbers have many other names; see § Synonyms below. See the article Motor variable for functions of a split-complex number.

Hyperbolic orthogonality
In geometry, given a pair of conjugate hyperbolas, two conjugate diameters are hyperbolically orthogonal. This relationship of diameters was described by Apollonius of Perga and has been modernized using analytic geometry. Hyperbolically orthogonal lines appear in special relativity as temporal and spatial directions that show the relativity of simultaneity.

Keeping time and space axes hyperbolically orthogonal, as in Minkowski space, gives a constant result when measurements are taken of the speed of light.
Sonico, Lombardy
Sonico (Camunian: Sónec) is a comune in the province of Brescia, in Lombardy. It is situated on the left bank of the river Oglio, in Val Camonica. It is bounded by the communes of Berzo Demo, Cevo, Edolo, Malonno and Saviore dell'Adamello.

Val Camonica
Val Camonica or Valcamonica (Eastern Lombard: Al Camònega), also Valle Camonica and anglicized as Camonica Valley, is one of the largest valleys of the central Alps, in eastern Lombardy, Italy. It extends about 90 kilometres (56 mi) from the Tonale Pass to Corna Trentapassi, in the commune of Pisogne near Lake Iseo. It has an area of about 1,335 km2 (515 mi2) and 118,323 inhabitants. The River Oglio runs through it, rising at Ponte di Legno and flowing into Lake Iseo between Pisogne and Costa Volpino.

Almost all of the valley is included in the administrative territory of the province of Brescia, except for Lovere, Rogno, Costa Volpino and the Val di Scalve, which belong to the province of Bergamo. Since 1979, the rock drawings along the valley have been a UNESCO World Heritage Site, while the entire valley became a UNESCO World Biosphere Reserve in 2018.
Pecora Commission
The Pecora Investigation was an inquiry begun on March 4, 1932, by the United States Senate Committee on Banking and Currency to investigate the causes of the Wall Street crash of 1929. The name refers to the fourth and final chief counsel for the investigation, Ferdinand Pecora. His exposure of abusive practices in the financial industry galvanized broad public support for stricter regulations. As a result, the U.S. Congress passed the Glass–Steagall Banking Act of 1933, the Securities Act of 1933, and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.

Ferdinand Pecora
Ferdinand Pecora (January 6, 1882 – December 7, 1971) was an American lawyer and New York State Supreme Court judge who became famous in the 1930s as Chief Counsel to the United States Senate Committee on Banking and Currency during its investigation of Wall Street banking and stock brokerage practices.
San Lorenzo, Ahuachapán
San Lorenzo is a district in the Ahuachapán Department of El Salvador.

San Lorenzo is a town of 9,194 citizens, located 7 km north of Atiquizaya city. San Lorenzo is on the border with Guatemala. The closest Guatemalan city to San Lorenzo is Esmeralda City and Jerez of department of Jutiapa.

San Lorenzo is well known in Western El Salvador for its several rivers, the San Antonio and Rio Paz, which attract Salvadoran tourists during Christmas and New Year holidays.

On December 20, 2006, an earthquake struck San Lorenzo, destroying 432 houses.  In total, 1,038 houses were affected.

Ahuachapán Department
Ahuachapán (Spanish pronunciation: [awatʃaˈpan]) is a department of El Salvador in the west of the country. The capital is Ahuachapán. In the south, it has the Apaneca-Ilamatepec Range and the Cerro Grande de Apaneca (Apaneca Grand Hill). It has a population of over 360,000 people. The Ahuachapán Department was created by the Legislative Decree of February 9, 1869, under the administration of Francisco Dueñas.
Vulcan, Colorado
Vulcan is a ghost town in Gunnison County, Colorado, United States, approximately 15 miles (24 km) southwest of the City of Gunnison. Vulcan was a mining camp established along Camp Creek in 1894 and was deserted within thirty years.

Gunnison County, Colorado
Gunnison County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,918. The county seat is Gunnison. The county was named for John W. Gunnison, a United States Army officer and captain in the Army Topographical Engineers, who surveyed for the transcontinental railroad in 1853.
Kaohsiung Municipal Ruei-Siang Senior High School
The Kaohsiung Municipal Rueisiang Senior High School (RSSH; Chinese: 高雄市立瑞祥高級中學) is a senior high school located at Cianjhen District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, is the first comprehensive junior-senior high school (完全中學) of Kaohsiung City.

Cianjhen District
22°36′02″N 120°18′53″E﻿ / ﻿22.60062°N 120.314785°E﻿ / 22.60062; 120.314785

Cianjhen District (Chinese: 前鎭區; Hanyu Pinyin: qiánzhèn qū; Tongyong Pinyin: Ciánjhèn Cyu; Wade–Giles: Ch'ien2-chên4 Ch'ü1) is a district in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. It covers an area of 19.1207 km2 (7.3825 sq mi) and is subdivided into 59 villages. The district has a population is 180,097, as of October 2023. It is the fifth-most populated district in Kaohsiung, with a population density of 9,457 people per square kilometer, or 24,494 people per square mile.
Neutron temperature
The neutron detection temperature, also called the neutron energy, indicates a free neutron's kinetic energy, usually given in electron volts. The term temperature is used, since hot, thermal and cold neutrons are moderated in a medium with a certain temperature. The neutron energy distribution is then adapted to the Maxwell distribution known for thermal motion. Qualitatively, the higher the temperature, the higher the kinetic energy of the free neutrons. The momentum and wavelength of the neutron are related through the de Broglie relation. The long wavelength of slow neutrons allows for the large cross section.

Plutonium-239
Plutonium-239 (239Pu or Pu-239) is an isotope of plutonium. Plutonium-239 is the primary fissile isotope used for the production of nuclear weapons, although uranium-235 is also used for that purpose. Plutonium-239 is also one of the three isotopes that have been demonstrated to be usable as fuel in thermal spectrum nuclear reactors, along with uranium-235 and uranium-233. Plutonium-239 has a half-life of 24,110 years.
Alan Clutton-Brock
Alan Francis Clutton-Brock (8 October 1904 – 18 December 1976) was an English art critic and essayist.

Clutton-Brock was born in Weybridge, Surrey, the son of Arthur Clutton-Brock. He was educated at Eton and King's College, Cambridge.

He was art critic of The Times, 1945–1955, a trustee of the National Gallery, and Slade Professor of Fine Art, at Cambridge, 1955–1958. He wrote books of art criticism, a biography of William Blake, and a detective story, Murder at Liberty Hall. During the Second World War he served in the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve.

Clutton-Brock was twice married. His first wife, Shelagh, née Archer, with whom he had a daughter (Juliet Clutton-Brock) and a son, died in a road accident in 1936. In the same year he married Barbara Foy Mitchell, with whom he had a daughter. He died at his home, Chastleton House, Oxfordshire, aged 72.

Juliet Clutton-Brock
Juliet Clutton-Brock, FSA, FZS (6 September 1933 – 21 September 2015) was an English zooarchaeologist and curator, specialising in domesticated mammals. From 1969 to 1993, she worked at the Natural History Museum. Between 1999 and 2006, she was the managing editor of the Journal of Zoology.
Semiring
In abstract algebra, a semiring is an algebraic structure. Semirings are a generalization of rings, dropping the requirement that each element must have an additive inverse. At the same time, semirings are a generalization of bounded distributive lattices.

The smallest semiring that is not a ring is the two-element Boolean algebra, for instance with logical disjunction  as addition. A motivating example that is neither a ring nor a lattice is the set of natural numbers  (including zero) under ordinary addition and multiplication. Semirings are abundant because a suitable multiplication operation arises as the function composition of endomorphisms over any commutative monoid.

Ordinal arithmetic
In the mathematical field of set theory, ordinal arithmetic describes the three usual operations on ordinal numbers: addition, multiplication, and exponentiation. Each can be defined in two different ways: either by constructing an explicit well-ordered set that represents the result of the operation or by using transfinite recursion. Cantor normal form provides a standardized way of writing ordinals. In addition to these usual ordinal operations, there are also the "natural" arithmetic of ordinals and the nimber operations.
Koçgiri rebellion
The Koçgiri rebellion (Kurdish: Serhildana Qoçgiriyê; Turkish: Koçgiri isyanı) was a Kurdish uprising, that began in the overwhelmingly militant Koçgiri region in present-day eastern Sivas Province in February 1921. The rebellion was initially Alevi, but it succeeded in gathering support from nearby Sunni tribes. The tribal leaders had a close relationship with the Society for the Rise of Kurdistan (SAK). The rebellion was defeated in June 1921.

Society for the Rise of Kurdistan
Society for the Rise of Kurdistan (Kurdish: Komela Tealîya Kurdistanê) also known as the Society for the Advancement of Kurdistan (SAK), was  secretly established in Constantinople on 6 November 1917  and officially announced organization formed on the 17 December 1918. It was headquartered in Istanbul, with the aim of creating an independent Kurdish state in eastern Turkey. The Society based its statements for an independent or autonomous Kurdistan on the Treaty of Sèvres and the Fourteen Points stipulated by Woodrow Wilson. The society formed many local dependencies in the eastern provinces of Turkey.
Portugaliae Mathematica
Portugaliae Mathematica is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the European Mathematical Society on behalf of the Portuguese Mathematical Society Sociedade Portuguesa de Matemática. It covers all branches of mathematics. The journal was established in 1937, by António Aniceto Monteiro, its first editor-in-chief. The journal is abstracted and indexed in Zentralblatt MATH, Mathematical Reviews, the Science Citation Index Expanded, and Current Contents/Physical, Chemical & Earth Sciences. The current editor-in-chief is José Francisco Rodrigues (Universidade de Lisboa).

European Mathematical Society
The European Mathematical Society (EMS) is a European organization dedicated to the development of mathematics in Europe. Its members are different mathematical societies in Europe, academic institutions and individual mathematicians. The current president is Jan Philip Solovej, professor at the Department of Mathematics at the University of Copenhagen.