hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Culex restuans
Culex restuans is a species of mosquito known to occur in Canada, the United States, Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras, and the Bahamas. It is a disease vector for St. Louis encephalitis and West Nile virus. In 2013 West Nile Virus positive specimens were collected in Southern California.

West Nile virus
West Nile virus (WNV) is a single-stranded RNA virus that causes West Nile fever. It is a member of the family Flaviviridae, from the genus Orthoflavivirus, which also contains the Zika virus, dengue virus, and yellow fever virus. The virus is primarily transmitted by mosquitoes, mostly species of Culex. The primary hosts of WNV are birds, so that the virus remains within a "bird–mosquito–bird" transmission cycle. The virus is genetically related to the Japanese encephalitis family of viruses. Humans and horses both exhibit disease symptoms from the virus, and symptoms rarely occur in other animals.

West Nile virus was not named directly after the Nile River, but after the West Nile district of Uganda where the virus was first isolated in 1937.
Lindsay, Bobcaygeon and Pontypool Railway
The Lindsay, Bobcaygeon & Pontypool Railway (LB&P) was a short-line railway in Ontario, Canada. It was originally designed to serve sawmills in Bobcaygeon, running southward to the Ontario and Quebec Railway at Burketon, near Pontypool. Passenger service for weekender trips to the beaches on Sturgeon Lake was a major service later in the line's life.

The line was one of the last major independent lines to be built in Ontario, starting construction in 1901 and completing in 1904. It operated only for a short time before being leased to the Canadian Pacific Railway for a period of 99 years. Plans to continue construction northward to connect to the Irondale, Bancroft and Ottawa Railway never materialized. The line was abandoned in sections, south of Lindsay in 1932 and north of there in 1961.

Today a portion of the line outside Bobcaygeon is used as a local road, and a short section is a nature trail, but the majority has been returned to farmland.

Bobcaygeon
Bobcaygeon is a community on the Trent–Severn Waterway in the City of Kawartha Lakes, east-central Ontario, Canada.

Bobcaygeon was incorporated as a village in 1876, and became known as the "Hub of the Kawarthas". Its recorded name bob-ca-je-wan-unk comes either from the Mississauga Ojibway word baabaagwaajiwanaang "at the very shallow currents", giishkaabikojiwanaang "at the cliffed cascades" or obaabikojiwanaang "at currented rocky narrows", or from the French beau bocage "beautiful hedged farmland". The first lock in the Trent-Severn Waterway was built in Bobcaygeon in 1833.

The town is situated on three islands, along with the mainland.

Bobcaygeon's chief industry is tourism, particularly related to recreational fishing. Bobcaygeon is a hub for the region, providing many of the services unavailable in the smaller neighbouring communities.
Yarsa
Yarsa was a Village Development Committee, which was dissolved on 10 March 2017 and merged into Naukunda Rural Municipality. Previously, the Panchayat was dissolved and turned into the VDC by the Constitution of Nepal 1990.

Yarsa was located in Rasuwa District in the Bagmati Zone of northern Nepal. The former wards (5 – 9) of the VDC have been merged into ward number 1  and the former wards (1 – 4) of the VDC has been merged into ward number 2  of Naukunda Rural Municipality.

Naukunda Rural Municipality
Naukunda is a Rural municipality located within the Rasuwa District of the Bagmati Province of Nepal.
The municipality spans 126.99 square kilometres (49.03 sq mi) of area, with a total population of 11,824 according to a 2011 Nepal census.

On March 10, 2017, the Government of Nepal restructured the local level bodies into 753 new local level structures.
The previous Yarsa, Saramthali and half portion of Bhorle VDCs were merged to form Naukunda Rural Municipality.
Naukunda is divided into 6 wards, with Saramthali declared the administrative center of the rural municipality.
Aleksandr Zolotarev
Aleksandr Zolotarev (1879–1938) was a Ukrainian politician, statesman and journalist.

Zolotaryov was born into a poor Jewish family. He graduated from the law faculty of the Moscow State University. In 1898 for his revolutionary activity Zolotaryov was exiled to Kherson Governorate and later Poltava Governorate. In 1904 he emigrated to Austria-Hungary and returned in 1907. In 1915-17 Zolotarev worked in Moscow. In 1917 he returned to Kiev and became a member of the Central Council of Ukraine from Jewish Bund. Along with it Zolotarev was a member of the Kiev city Duma, All-Ukrainian council of workers' deputies and state controller for the General Secretariat of Ukraine.

In November 1917 Zolotarev was appointed an emissary to Odessa. At the end of 1918 he joined Bolsheviks and became a member of the Council of People's Commissars of Ukraine.

Zolotarev fell victim of the Great Purge. On 25 October 1937 he was arrested and executed on 20 January 1938.

General Secretariat of Ukraine
The General Secretariat of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Генеральний секретаріат УЦР—УНР, romanized: Heneralnyi sekretariat UTsR–UNR) was the autonomous Ukrainian executive government of the Russian Republic from June 28, 1917, to January 22, 1918. For most of its existence it was headed by Volodymyr Vynnychenko.

The secretariat was created after the Central Council of Ukraine accepted a proposal of the Ukrainian Party of Socialist Revolutionaries. According to the Encyclopedia of Ukraine, this event took place five days after the proclamation of the 1st Universal of the Central Council of Ukraine, however many contemporary historians have other opinions in that regard. The initial composition of the secretariat included eight General Secretaries (ministers) and one General Scribe (secretary).
Yoshio Kushida
Yoshio Kushida (串田 嘉男, Kushida Yoshio; born September 19, 1957 in Hachioji, Tokyo) is a Japanese seismologist, amateur astronomer and a discoverer of minor planets and comets.

Kushida is the founder of the Yatsugatake South Base Observatory. He is credited by the Minor Planet Center with the discovery of 56 numbered minor planets during 1988–1994, most of them in collaboration with astronomer Osamu Muramatsu, as well as with Masaru Inoue and with his wife Reiki Kushida. He also discovered and co-discoverer the two periodic comets 144P/Kushida and 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu, respectively.

The main-belt asteroid 5605 Kushida, discovered by Satoru Otomo at Kiyosato in 1993, was named in his honor. Naming citation was published on 28 July 1999 (M.P.C. 35483).

Yatsugatake South Base Observatory
Yatsugatake South Base Observatory (八ヶ岳南麓天文台, Yatsugatake Nanroku Tenmondai) is an observatory in Hokuto, Yamanashi, Japan. Its observatory code is 896.

It is frequently used due to its proximity to the Greater Tokyo Area, which has resulted in many asteroid discoveries. Yoshio Kushida has worked on observational research on pre-earthquake natural phenomena.

The inner main-belt asteroid 4033 Yatsugatake, discovered by Japanese astronomers Masaru Inoue and Osamu Muramatsu in 1986, was named after the Yatsugatake Mountains where this observatory and the Kobuchizawa Observatory (386) are located. The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 20 May 1989 (M.P.C. 14634).
Lucas Gonahasa
Alupakusadi Lucas Gonahasa was an Anglican bishop who served in Uganda. He was the assistant bishop of Bukedi from 1978 to 1983; and assistant bishop of Kampala from 1983 to 1997.

Gonahasa was educated at Buwalasi Theological College. He served the Bishop of the Upper Nile from 1958 to 1960; of Ankole-Kigezi from 1960 to 1967; and was a Senior Chaplain to the Forces from 1967 to 1977.

He died in 2008.

Anglican dioceses of Buganda
The Anglican dioceses of Buganda are the Anglican presence in the Central Region, Uganda (equivalent to the old Buganda kingdom); they are part of the Church of Uganda. The remaining dioceses of the Church are in the areas of Eastern Uganda, of Northern Uganda, of Ankole and Kigezi, and of Rwenzori.
Chandy–Lamport algorithm
The Chandy–Lamport algorithm is a snapshot algorithm that is used in distributed systems for recording a consistent global state of an asynchronous system. It was developed by and named after Leslie Lamport and K. Mani Chandy.

Leslie Lamport
Leslie Barry Lamport (born February 7, 1941) is an American computer scientist and mathematician. Lamport is best known for his seminal work in distributed systems, and as the initial developer of the document preparation system LaTeX and the author of its first manual.

Lamport was the winner of the 2013 Turing Award for imposing clear, well-defined coherence on the seemingly chaotic behavior of distributed computing systems, in which several autonomous computers communicate with each other by passing messages. He devised important algorithms and developed formal modeling and verification protocols that improve the quality of real distributed systems. These contributions have resulted in improved correctness, performance, and reliability of computer systems.
All in Good Time (film)
All in Good Time is a British film directed by Nigel Cole and starring Reece Ritchie, Amara Karan, Harish Patel, and Meera Syal. It is based on Ayub Khan-Din's 2007 play Rafta, Rafta, which was based on Bill Naughton's 1963 play All in Good Time and the 1966 film adaptation The Family Way.

The Family Way
The Family Way is a 1966 British comedy-drama film produced and directed by John and Roy Boulting, respectively, and starring father and daughter John Mills and Hayley Mills. Based on Bill Naughton's play All in Good Time (1963), with screenplay by Naughton, the film began life in 1961 as the television play Honeymoon Postponed. It is about the marital difficulties of a young newlywed couple living in a crowded house with the husband's family.
Mothership Connection
Mothership Connection is the fourth album by American funk band Parliament, released on December 15, 1975, on Casablanca Records. This concept album is often rated among the best Parliament-Funkadelic releases, and was the first to feature horn players Maceo Parker and Fred Wesley, previously of James Brown's backing band the J.B.'s.

Mothership Connection became Parliament's first album to be certified gold and later platinum. It was supported by the hit "Give Up the Funk (Tear the Roof off the Sucker)," the band's first million-selling single. The Library of Congress added the album to the National Recording Registry in 2011, declaring that it "has had an enormous influence on jazz, rock and dance music."

Give Up the Funk (Tear the Roof off the Sucker)
"Give Up the Funk (Tear the Roof off the Sucker)" is a funk song by Parliament. It was released as a single under the name "Tear the Roof off the Sucker (Give Up the Funk)". It was the second single to be released from Parliament's 1975 album Mothership Connection (following "P. Funk (Wants to Get Funked Up)").  With its anthemic sing-along chorus, it is one of the most famous P-Funk songs. It also became Parliament's first certified million-selling single, going Gold on October 19th, 1976.

The bass vocal at the beginning of the song is performed by Ray Davis.
C81 (album)
C81 was a cassette compiled for the British music paper NME in 1981 (hence (C)assette 81) and released in conjunction with the record label Rough Trade. Featuring a number of contemporary musical acts and performers, it was intended to mark the first five years of the independent label movement in the UK record industry and Rough Trade itself. It was the first in a series of many cassette releases from the paper, including the C86 compilation of 1986.

The Raincoats
The Raincoats are a British post-punk band formed in 1977. They were founded by Ana da Silva (vocals, guitar) and Gina Birch (vocals, bass) while the two were students at Hornsey College of Art in London. Other prominent members have included Vicky Aspinall (violin, vocals, keyboards), Palmolive (drums), and Richard Dudanski (drums).

Signed to the label Rough Trade, the band released three albums in their early incarnation: The Raincoats (1979), Odyshape (1981), and Moving (1984). They reformed in 1993 and released the album Looking in the Shadows in 1996.
Battlefield promotion
A battlefield promotion (or field promotion) is an advancement in military rank that occurs while deployed in combat. A standard field promotion is advancement from current rank to the next higher rank; a "jump-step" promotion allows the recipient to advance by two ranks.

A battlefield commission is a commission granting an enlisted soldier a battlefield promotion to the rank of commissioned officer. The granting of a battlefield commission has its historical precursor in the medieval practice of the knighting or ennoblement of a plebeian combatant on the battleground for demonstration of heroic qualities in an exceptional degree. In the medieval context, this martial achievement was often one of the main restricted pathways into the sword-bearing feudal aristocracy.

Ennoblement
Ennoblement is the conferring of nobility—the induction of an individual into the noble class. Currently only a few kingdoms still grant nobility to people; among them Spain, the United Kingdom, Belgium and the Vatican. Depending on time and region, various laws have governed who  could be ennobled and how. Typically, nobility was conferred on individuals who had assisted the sovereign. In some countries (e.g. France under the Ancien Régime), this degenerated into the buying of patents of nobility, whereby rich commoners (e.g.  merchants) could purchase a title of nobility.
Bloodline (Recoil album)
Bloodline is the third album by Recoil, released on April 14, 1992. It was recorded at Konk Studios in London, during sessions that lasted from January to March 1991, being mixed later that same year. The album was produced by Alan Wilder, engineered by Steve Lyon, and assisted by Dave Eringa.

Douglas McCarthy
Douglas John McCarthy (1 September 1966 – 11 June 2025) was an English singer whose work covers a range of electronic music genres. He was the lead singer of the EBM band Nitzer Ebb from 1982 until 2024. Outside of Nitzer Ebb, he worked with DJ and producer Terence Fixmer as Fixmer/McCarthy, and with musician Cyrusrex as DJM/REX. McCarthy, Cyrusrex, and Nitzer Ebb bandmate Bon Harris formed the music collective Blackline along with such musicians as Paul Barker of Ministry, Mark Walk of Skinny Puppy, and Depeche Mode touring musician Christian Eigner. He released the solo album Kill Your Friends in 2012.

McCarthy contributed as a guest singer on tracks by Recoil, as well as recordings by Die Krupps, KLOQ, Client, Adult and Kenneth James Gibson's Reverse Commuter project.
Ángel Guzmán
Ángel Moisés Guzmán (born December 14, 1981) is a Venezuelan former professional baseball pitcher. Listed at 6 feet 3 inches (1.91 m), 195 pounds (88 kg), Guzmán bats and throws right-handed. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs.

Daytona Tortugas
The Daytona Tortugas are a Minor League Baseball team of the Florida State League and the Single-A affiliate of the Cincinnati Reds. They are located in Daytona Beach, Florida, and play their home games at Jackie Robinson Ballpark. Opened in 1914, the park seats 4,200 people.

The club was previously known as the Daytona Cubs from 1993 to 2014 when they were an affiliate of the Chicago Cubs. The team has won six Florida State League championships: in 1995, 2000, 2004 (co-champions with the Tampa Yankees), 2008, 2011, and 2013.
Edgar Bain
Edgar Collins Bain (September 14, 1891 – November 27, 1971) was an American metallurgist and member of the National Academy of Sciences, who worked for the US Steel Corporation of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.  He worked on the alloying and heat treatment of steel; Bainite is named in his honor.

He was born near LaRue, Ohio to Milton Henry (of Scottish descent) and Alice Anne Collins Bain. He graduated with a B.S. from Ohio State University in 1912. He received his M.S. in 1916 and his Ph.D. in 1919 both from Ohio State. His written works include Functions of the Alloying Elements in Steel, published by ASM International. He died on November 27, 1971, in Edgeworth, Pennsylvania.

He was elected in 1923 a Fellow of the American Physical Society.

La Rue, Ohio
La Rue is a village in Marion County, Ohio, United States. The population was 676 at the 2020 census. The village is served by Elgin Local School District. La Rue was named for Major William LaRue, who founded the town on June 3, 1851.
Castlelost
Castlelost is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is located within the civil parish of Castlelost. The R446 road runs through the middle of the area, and a section of the R400 links the townland with the M6 motorway. Castlelost townland is bordered by Castlelost West and Clontytallon to the west, Derry to the north, Farthingstown and Oldtown to the south and Gortumly and Rahanine to the east.

Castlelost Castle, a ruined castle dating to the Norman invasion of Ireland, is situated in the north of the townland.

The western side of the town of Rochfortbridge lies in the townland, with the east of the town laying in the neighbouring townland of Rahanine. St. Joseph's School and the Church of the Immaculate Conception, within Castlelost townland, serve Rochfortbridge and the surrounding area.

At the time of Griffith's Valuation, in 1868, there were 37 tenants living in Castlelost.

Rochfortbridge
Rochfortbridge (Irish: Droichead Chaisleán Loiste, meaning 'Castle Lost Bridge') is a village in County Westmeath, Ireland. It is at the intersection of the R400 and the R446 (formerly the N6) roads, 12 km south of Mullingar. As of the 2016 census, the population of Rochfortbridge was 1,473.
Acerenza
Acerenza (Italian: [atʃeˈrɛntsa]; Lucanian: Lagerénze) is a town and comune (municipality) in the province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Province of Potenza
The province of Potenza (Italian: provincia di Potenza; Potentino: provìgnë dë Pùtenzë) is a province in the region of Basilicata in southern Italy. Its capital is the city of Potenza.

It has a population of 340,909 in an area of 6,594 square kilometres (2,546 mi2) across its 100 municipalities (comuni).
Danish Mujtaba
Danish Mujtaba (born 20 December 1988 in Allahabad) is an Indian professional field hockey player. He made his debut for the national team in 2009. He represented India during the 2012 Summer Olympics in London and the 2016 Olympics in Rio.

He comes from a family of hockey players, including his grandfather Idris Ahmed, his uncle Atif Idris, his father Ghulam Mujtaba and his elder brother Hamza Mujtaba who have played for India.  He first represented India at junior level, at the 2009 Junior World Cup.  He played for the senior team at the 2010 World Cup and later went on to become Captain of national team in 2013.

He is an alumnus of the Guru Gobind Singh Sports College, Lucknow and Jamia Millia Islamia.

Guru Gobind Singh Sports College
Guru Gobind Singh Sports College, Lucknow is a residential sports college in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh. It offers sports training in football, hockey, wrestling, athletics, badminton, swimming and kabaddi in 6th to 12th standard and with the curriculum of U.P. Board. It is the first sports college established in Uttar Pradesh before Beer Bahadur Singh Sports College in Gorakhpur and Etawah's Saifai Sports College.
Bill James
George William James (born October 5, 1949) is an American baseball writer, historian, and statistician whose work has been widely influential.  Since 1977, James has written more than two dozen books about baseball history and statistics. His approach, which he named sabermetrics after the Society for American Baseball Research (SABR), scientifically analyzes and studies baseball, often through the use of statistical data, in an attempt to determine why teams win and lose.

In 2006, Time named him in the Time 100 as one of the most influential people in the world. In 2003, James was hired as senior advisor on Baseball Operations for the Boston Red Sox and worked for the team for 17 years during which they won four World Series championships.

Baseball Prospectus
Baseball Prospectus (BP) is an organization that publishes a website, BaseballProspectus.com, devoted to the sabermetric analysis of baseball. BP has a staff of regular columnists and provides advanced statistics as well as player and team performance projections on the site. Since 1996 the BP staff has also published a Baseball Prospectus annual as well as several other books devoted to baseball analysis and history.

Baseball Prospectus has originated several popular new statistical tools that have become hallmarks of baseball analysis. Baseball Prospectus is accredited by the Baseball Writers' Association of America. Four of Baseball Prospectus's current regular writers  are members of the Baseball Writers' Association of America and thus eligible to vote for nominees for Major League Baseball's post-season awards and the Baseball Hall of Fame.
Talk That Talk (Jackie Wilson song)
Talk That Talk is a 1959 hit song written for Jackie Wilson by Sid Wyche. It was released, with Only You, Only Me as the B-side, on Brunswick Records in the US and in the UK on Coral Records. It was on the release of "Talk That Talk" that Wilson met his second wife Lynn. "Talk That Talk" reached #3 in R&B and #34 in pop charts. Wilson recorded the song with chorus and orchestra under Decca Records' veteran arranger Dick Jacobs. Jacobs was criticised for the "cleaned up" sound of using white backing singers, but defended the decision as driven by the limited number of formally trained backing singers available at the time.

The lyrics begin "Shooby do do wop do Shooby do do wop do" and continue "You ought to see my baby, Walkin down the avenue, Arm and arm with me..."

Sid Wyche
Sidney Jackson Wyche  (February 11, 1922 – November 11, 1983) was an American songwriter and pianist. Wyche is best known for writing the jazz standard "Alright, Okay, You Win", Elvis Presley's Billboard Hot 100 chart-topper "A Big Hunk o' Love", and the Jackie Wilson hits "A Woman, a Lover, a Friend" and "Talk That Talk".
Exposure fusion
In image processing, computer graphics, and photography, exposure fusion is a technique for blending multiple exposures of the same scene (bracketing) into a single image. As in high dynamic range imaging (HDRI or just HDR), the goal is to capture a scene with a higher dynamic range than the camera is capable of capturing with a single exposure.

Bracketing
In photography, bracketing is the general technique of taking several shots of the same subject using different camera settings, typically with the aim of combining the images in postprocessing. Bracketing is useful and often recommended in situations that make it difficult to obtain a satisfactory image with a single shot, especially when a small variation in exposure parameters has a comparatively large effect on the resulting image. Given the time it takes to accomplish multiple shots, it is typically, but not always, used for static subjects. Autobracketing is a feature of many modern cameras. When set, it will automatically take several bracketed shots, rather than the photographer altering the settings by hand between each shot.