hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Iliofemoral ligament
The iliofemoral ligament is a thick and very tough triangular capsular ligament of the hip joint situated anterior to this joint. It attaches superiorly at the inferior portion of the anterior inferior iliac spine and adjacent portion of the margin of the acetabulum; it attaches inferiorly at the intertrochanteric line.

It is also referred to as the Y-ligament (see below). the ligament of Bigelow, the ligament of Bertin and any combinations of these names.

With a force strength exceeding 350 kg (772 lbs), the iliofemoral ligament is not only stronger than the two other ligaments of the hip joint, the ischiofemoral and the pubofemoral, but also the strongest ligament in the human body and as such is an important constraint to the hip joint.

Henry Jacob Bigelow
Henry Jacob Bigelow (March 11, 1818 – October 30, 1890) was an American surgeon and Professor of Surgery at Harvard University. A dominating figure in Boston medicine for many decades, he is remembered for the Bigelow maneuver for hip dislocation, a technique for treatment of kidney stones, and other innovations. He was instrumental in bringing the anesthetic possibilities of ether to the attention of medical men, and rescuing the case of Phineas Gage from relative obscurity. He was a vocal opponent of vivisection, and played a minor role in the apprehension of the culprit in the Parkman–Webster murder case.
Dickie Williams
Richard "Dickie" L. Williams (16 March 1925 – 26 March 1997) was a Welsh rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s and 1950s. He played club level rugby union (RU) for Mountain Ash RFC and Bristol RUFC, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Great Britain and Wales, and at club level for Leeds and Hunslet, as a stand-off.

Mountain Ash RFC
Mountain Ash RFC is a Welsh rugby union club from the town of Mountain Ash, in the Cynon Valley, South Wales. Mountain Ash RFC is a member of the Welsh Rugby Union and is a feeder club for the Cardiff Blues.
Dean Elgar
Dean Elgar (born 11 June 1987) is a South African cricketer who played Tests and ODIs, and also a former Test captain. He is a left-handed opening batter and a slow-left arm bowler.

Elgar captained the 2006 Under-19 Cricket World Cup in Sri Lanka in 2006. He now plays for the Northerns cricket team and Titans cricket team in the major South African cricket competitions. He was included in the Northerns team for the 2015 Africa T20 Cup. On 23 March 2018, he became the second batsman after Desmond Haynes to carry his bat through an innings on three occasions in Test cricket history.

In March 2021, Cricket South Africa announced that Elgar had been appointed as South Africa's Test captain, taking over the role from Quinton de Kock.

Carry the bat
In cricket, the term carry the bat (or carry one's bat) refers to an opening batsman (no. 1 and 2) who is not dismissed ("not out") when the team innings is closed.

The term is mainly used when the innings closes after all 10 wickets have fallen; that is, the other 10 players in the team have all been dismissed ("out"). It may also be used in situations where one or more of these players retire out or are unable to bat through injury or illness, and the remaining players are all dismissed normally. It is not used, however, in any other situation where the innings closes before all 10 wickets have fallen, such as when it is declared closed, or when the team successfully chases a set run target to win the match.
MS Nieuw Statendam
MS Nieuw Statendam is a Pinnacle-class cruise ship operated by Holland America Line (HAL), a division of Carnival Corporation & plc. Her name, Nieuw Statendam, alludes to the five previous ships in HAL's fleet named Statendam. She is the second of three Pinnacle-class ships built by Italian shipbuilder Fincantieri after Koningsdam (2016) and before Rotterdam (2021). Two years after the first steel was cut in July 2016 to commence construction, she was delivered to HAL in November 2018 and began operating the following month.

Carnival Corporation & plc
Carnival Corporation & plc is an Anglo-American cruise line operator that owns more than 90 vessels across eight brands.

A dual-listed company, Carnival is composed of the Panama-incorporated, U.S.-headquartered Carnival Corporation, and UK-based Carnival plc, which function as one entity. Carnival Corporation is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and Carnival plc on the London Stock Exchange with an ADR listing on the NYSE. Carnival is listed in the S&P 500 and FTSE 250 indices.

Carnival Corporation's operational headquarters are in Doral, Florida. Carnival plc's headquarters are in Southampton, England.
Mirage by the Lake
Mirage by the Lake (Hungarian: Tóparti látomás) is a 1940 Hungarian drama film directed by László Kalmár and starring Pál Jávor, Klári Tolnay and Erzsi Simor. The film's sets were designed by the art director Márton Vincze.

László Kalmár (director)
László Kalmár (1900–1980) was a Hungarian screenwriter and film director. He began his career in the Horthy era, learning his craft as an assistant director before directing his first film in 1939. His melodrama Flames was screened at the 1941 Venice Film Festival. He was able to continue his career at the end of the Second World War, unlike many other Hungarian filmmakers, and transitioned to working under the new Communist regime.
Wadesmill
Wadesmill is a hamlet in Hertfordshire, England, located on the north side of the River Rib, with an estimated population of 264. At the 2011 Census the population of the hamlet was included in the civil parish of Thundridge. Running through the centre of Wadesmill is the road formerly known as the A10 (the main London to King's Lynn (via Cambridge) road) but now that the A10 by-pass has been built, Wadesmill and surrounding villages have returned to the quiet of former times. The route that was formerly the A10 is an ancient one, with portions of it following the line of the Roman road, Ermine Street. Ermine Street also figures as the former main street in Wadesmill's adjacent village Thundridge.

A10 road (England)
The A10 is a major road in England which runs between The City of London and King's Lynn in Norfolk.

At its southern terminus, the route meets the A3 directly north of London Bridge, above Monument London Underground station. At its northern end, the A10 meets the A47 and A149 roads south-west of King's Lynn town centre. The route passes through or around primary destinations in Greater London, Hertfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Norfolk, including Dalston, Enfield, Hertford, Cambridge, Ely and Downham Market.

The route between Bishopsgate in the City of London and Royston, Hertfordshire, roughly follows the path of Ermine Street, a Roman road.
Two Dogmas of Empiricism
"Two Dogmas of Empiricism" is a canonical essay by analytic philosopher Willard Van Orman Quine published in 1951.  According to University of Sydney professor of philosophy Peter Godfrey-Smith, this "paper [is] sometimes regarded as the most important in all of twentieth-century philosophy". The paper is an attack on two central aspects of the logical positivists' philosophy: the first being the analytic–synthetic distinction between analytic truths and synthetic truths, explained by Quine as truths grounded only in meanings and independent of facts, and truths grounded in facts; the other being reductionism, the theory that each meaningful statement gets its meaning from some logical construction of terms that refer exclusively to immediate experience.

"Two Dogmas" has six sections. The first four focus on analyticity, the last two on reductionism. There, Quine turns the focus to the logical positivists' theory of meaning. He also presents his own holistic theory of meaning.

Analytic–synthetic distinction
The analytic–synthetic distinction is a semantic distinction used primarily in philosophy to distinguish between propositions (in particular, statements that are affirmative subject–predicate judgments) that are of two types: analytic propositions and synthetic propositions. Analytic propositions are true or not true solely by virtue of their meaning, whereas synthetic propositions' truth, if any, derives from how their meaning relates to the world.

While the distinction was first proposed by Immanuel Kant, it was revised considerably over time, and different philosophers have used the terms in very different ways. Furthermore, some philosophers (starting with Willard Van Orman Quine) have questioned whether there is even a clear distinction to be made between propositions which are analytically true and propositions which are synthetically true. Debates regarding the nature and usefulness of the distinction continue to this day in contemporary philosophy of language.
St Thomas' Church, Eaton
St Thomas' Church is in Royal Lane, Eaton, Cheshire, England.  It is an active Anglican parish church in the deanery of Malpas, the archdeaconry of Chester, and the diocese of Chester.  Its benefice is united with those of St Helen, Tarporley, St John and Holy Cross, Cotebrook, and St Paul Utkinton.  It is a small brick church built in 1896, with lancet windows, a west porch, and a timber bellcote.  In 1936 the Lancaster architect Henry Paley of Austin and Paley refitted the church with a new marble floor to the sanctuary, reredos, pulpit, stalls, chancel screen, and with the creation of an organ chamber.

Eaton, Rushton
Eaton is a small village and former civil parish in the Cheshire West and Chester district, in the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England, about two miles from the town of Tarporley. It is now in the parish of Rushton. In 1931 the parish had a population of 353.

The village contains the Jessie Hughes Village Hall, Eaton Primary School and the church of St Thomas.
Holepyris sylvanidis
Holepyris sylvanidis is a species of hymenopteran parasitoid in the family Bethylidae. It parasitizes pests of stored products. Its hosts include the confused flour beetle (preferred host), red flour beetle, sawtoothed grain beetle, merchant grain beetle, and rusty grain beetle.

Confused flour beetle
The confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum), a type of darkling beetle known as a flour beetle, is a globally found, common pest insect known for attacking and infesting stored flour and grain. They are one of the most common and most destructive insect pests for grain and other food products stored in silos, warehouses, grocery stores, and homes. They engage in cannibalistic behaviors for population control and nutritional benefits. Tribolium confusum practices kin selection to improve individual fitness. Multiple chemicals have been used to manage their infestation, including pyrethrin and fungal insecticides.

The "confused" in the beetle's name is due to it being confused with the red flour beetle, not because of its walking pattern.
Bohdan Lepky
Bohdan Teodor Nestor Sylvestrovych Lepky, (Ukrainian: Богдан Теодор Нестор Сильвестрович Лепкий, 9 November 1872 – 21 July 1941) was a Ukrainian writer, poet, scholar, public figure, and artist.

He was born on 9 November 1872, in the village of Kryvenke, in the same house where the Polish insurgent Bogdan Jarocki once lived. He spent his childhood in Krohulets. Son of Ukrainian writer and Greek Catholic priest Sylvester Lepkyi.

Sylvester Lepkyi
Sylvester Lepkyi (Ukrainian: Сильвестр Теодорович Лепкий; 31 December 1845 – 5 June 1901) was a Ukrainian writer, religious and public figure. Father of Bohdan, Levko and Mykola, grandfather of Marko Lepkyi.
Condannato a nozze
Condannato a nozze  (also known as Diary of a Man Condemned to Marriage)  is a 1993 Italian comedy film directed by Giuseppe Piccioni. It entered the Panorama section at the 50th Venice International Film Festival.

50th Venice International Film Festival
The 50th annual Venice International Film Festival was held on 31 August to 11 September 1993.

Australian filmmaker Peter Weir was the Jury President of the main competition.

The Golden Lion winners were: Short Cuts directed by Robert Altman, and Three Colours: Blue directed by Krzysztof Kieślowski.
The Sea Wall (film)
The Sea Wall (French: Un barrage contre le Pacifique) is a 2008 film by Cambodian director Rithy Panh in a French/Cambodian/Belgian co-production. The film opened on 7 January 2009 in France. It was adapted from the 1950 novel The Sea Wall by Marguerite Duras. The novel had previously been adapted as This Angry Age by René Clément in 1958.

The Sea Wall (novel)
The Sea Wall (French: Un barrage contre le Pacifique) is a 1950 novel by the French writer Marguerite Duras. It was adapted for film in 1958 as This Angry Age and in 2008 as The Sea Wall. 
Inspired largely by her own adolescence in French Indochina, Duras wrote this novel in 1950, just after divorcing her first husband and remarrying.
Badyarikha
The Badyarikha (Russian: Бадяриха; Yakut: Бадьаариха, Bacaariixa) is a river in Yakutia in Russia, a right tributary of the Indigirka. The length of the Badyarikha is 545 kilometres (339 mi) and the area of its drainage basin is 12,200 square kilometres (4,700 sq mi). Its sources are located on the northern slopes of the Moma Range

The Badyarikha flows on the eastern side of the Aby Lowland. Its main tributaries are the rivers Ogorokha, Orto-Tirekhtyakh, and Anty.

Moma Range
The Moma Range (Russian: Момский хребет, Momsky Khrebet; Yakut: Муома сиһэ, romanized: Muoma sihe) is a range of mountains in far North-eastern Russia. Administratively the range is part of the Sakha Republic of the Russian Federation. The nearest town is Khonuu, served by Moma Airport.
Wang Chuanjun
Wang Chuanjun (Chinese: 王传君; born 18 October 1985), also known as Eric Wang, is a Chinese actor and host. Wang is noted for playing Sekitani Kamiya in the romantic comedy television series iPartment, which enjoyed the highest ratings in China when it was broadcast. He is also known for his roles in films such as Dying to Survive and No More Bets.

IPartment
iPartment  (Chinese: 爱情公寓; pinyin: Àiqíng Gōngyù) is a sitcom from Mainland China. It was produced by the Shanghai Film Group and Shanghai Film Studio, and aired by Jiangxi TV in August 2009, with twenty 45-minute episodes.

The second season aired by Webisodes online due to its online fan base and polls for upcoming episodes. The second season featured four of the same characters from the first season by Chen three new characters. The third season followed with the same cast.

A film adaptation, Love Apartment, was filmed and released in 2018, and featured most of the cast reprising their roles.

The show is generally regarded as one of the most successful Chinese sitcoms of all time, mainly among the Post-80's generation minutes production on Z due to the advent of streaming services and network season is one of the first Chinese shows to depict modern young urban society and references wider Western pop culture phenomenon.
Bungal Municipality
Bungal is a municipality located in the Bajhang District of Sudurpashchim Province, Nepal. It is bordered by Darchula District to the west, Baitadi District to the south, Surma, Chabispathivera, Durgathali, Kedarseu and Bithadchir to the East and Saipal to the North.

On 10 March 2017, the Government of Nepal announced 744 local-level units under the new constitution of Nepal 2015. establishing Bungal as a municipality. The municipality covers a total area of 447.59 square kilometres (172.82 sq mi) and has a population (according to 2011 Nepal census) is 33224. It is divided into 11 wards. Dahbagar, Khidatari, Deulikot, Pipalkot and Kaflaseri are the previous villages which were merged to form this new local level unit.

Atpali Village is a village in Bungal municipality and is also the ancestral place of the Kamalbathyal family.

Bajhang District
Bajhang District (Listenⓘ), a part of Sudurpashchim Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Chainpur, that is part of Jaya Prithvi Municipality, as its district headquarters, covers an area of 3,422 km2 (1,321 sq mi) and has a population (2011) of 195,159. The headquarter Chainpur is situated at the bank of Seti River and Bauli Khola. Bitthad Bazar is bordered with Baitadi District which is the place of Bitthad Kalika and Kedar. This place was historicaally famous for fresh milk and yogurt.
For the Honour of Wales
For the Honour of Wales was a masque written by Ben Jonson and first performed on 17 February 1618.  It was written in honour of Charles Stuart, Prince of Wales.

Jonson's previous work, Pleasure Reconciled to Virtue, had been written to celebrate Charles's investiture as Prince of Wales in 1616, but the prince's father, King James I of England, had made no secret of the fact that he found it tedious.  Jonson responded with this more entertaining work, which included comic scenes featuring stereotypical Welshmen.  He drew on William Camden's Britannia for his source material, as he had done for earlier works.

A 1618 bill for yellow masque costumes for Mr Carre, Mr Abercromby, and Mr Auchmouty, each costing £55, relates to this performance. In the masque, the surnames of these courtiers were attributed fictitious Welsh etymologies.

Ben Jonson
Benjamin Jonson (c. 11 June 1572 – 18 August [O.S. 6 August] 1637) was an English poet, playwright, and dramatist. Jonson's artistry exerted a lasting influence on English poetry and stage comedy. He popularised the comedy of humours; he is best known for the satirical plays Every Man in His Humour (1598), Volpone, or The Fox (c. 1606), The Alchemist (1610), and Bartholomew Fair (1614), and for his lyric and epigrammatic poetry. He is regarded as "the second most important English dramatist, after William Shakespeare, during the reign of James I."

Jonson was a classically educated, well-read and cultured man of the English Renaissance with an appetite for controversy (personal and political, artistic and intellectual). His cultural influence was of unparalleled breadth upon the playwrights and the poets of the Jacobean era (1603–1625) and of the Caroline era (1625–1642).
Barloworld (cycling team)
Barloworld (UCI team code: BAR) was a UCI Professional Continental cycling team that competed between 2003 and 2009. Its sponsor company was South African and the team maintained a South African identity, but it was first registered in Italy and then, from 2007, in Great Britain.

Barloworld rode UCI Continental Circuits races and, when selected, UCI ProTour events. They were managed by Claudio Corti, with Valerio Tebaldi, Christian Andersen and Alberto Volpi as directeurs sportifs. Its prominent riders included South African Robert Hunter and Colombian Mauricio Soler. Chris Froome rode for Barloworld for 2008 and 2009.

The sponsor was Barloworld, an industrial brand management company. The team rode Bianchi frames with Shimano components.

Robbie Hunter (cyclist)
Robert "Robbie" Owen Hunter (born 22 April 1977) is a retired South African professional road racing cyclist who competed professionally between 1999 and 2013. Hunter competed with UCI ProTeam Garmin–Sharp during his final professional season.
Nenad Dizdarević
Nenad Dizdarević (born 21 May 1955) is a film director, screenwriter, producer, and teacher of cinema from Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.  His most notable film, Magareće godine (1994), was the Bosnian submission to the Academy Awards in 1995. He is the co-founder of the Sarajevo Academy of Arts.

The Awkward Age (film)
The Awkward Age (Serbo-Croatian: Magareće godine, lit. 'Year of the Donkey') is a 1994 Bosnian drama film directed by Nenad Dizdarević. The film was selected as the Bosnian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 67th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee.
Erne West (District Electoral Area)
Erne West is one of the seven district electoral areas (DEA) in Fermanagh and Omagh, Northern Ireland. The district elects five members to Fermanagh and Omagh District Council and contains the wards of Belcoo and Garrison, Boho, Cleenish and Letterbreen, Derrygonnelly, Derrylin and Florence Court and Kinawley. Erne West forms part of the Fermanagh and South Tyrone constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was created for the 1985 local elections, replacing Fermanagh Area A and Fermanagh Area C which had existed since 1973, where it originally contained five wards (Belcoo and Garrison, Boho, Cleenish and Letterbreen, Derrygonnelly, Derrylin and Florence Court and Kinawley).

Fermanagh Area C
Fermanagh Area C was one of the five district electoral areas in Fermanagh, Northern Ireland which existed from 1973 to 1985. The district elected four members to Fermanagh District Council, and formed part of the Fermanagh and South Tyrone constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was created for the 1973 local elections, and contained the wards of Belcoo and Belmore, Derrygonnelly, Florencecourt and Kinawley and Garrison. It was abolished for the 1985 local elections and replaced with the  Erne West DEA.
Philippes de Montespedon
Philippe(s) de Montespedon, Princess of La Roche-sur-Yon, Dame de Chemillé and Dame de Beaupreau (d. 1578), was a French princess and courtier. She was Première dame d'honneur to the queen dowager regent of France, Catherine de' Medici, from 1561 until 1578.

Première dame d'honneur
Première dame d'honneur (French pronunciation: [pʁəmjɛʁ dam dɔnœʁ], lit. 'first lady of honour'), or simply dame d'honneur (lit. 'lady of honour'), was an office at the royal court of France. It existed in nearly all French courts from the 16th-century onward. Though the tasks of the post shifted, the dame d'honneur was normally the first or second rank of all ladies-in-waiting. The dame d'honneur was selected from the members of the highest French nobility.
Takeo Arishima
Takeo Arishima (有島 武郎, Arishima Takeo; March 4, 1878 – June 9, 1923) was a Japanese novelist, short-story writer and essayist during the late Meiji and Taishō periods. His two younger brothers, Ikuma Arishima (有島生馬) and Ton Satomi (里美弴), were also authors. His son was the internationally known film and stage actor, Masayuki Mori.

Ikuma Arishima
Ikuma Arishima (有島 生馬, Arishima Ikuma, November 26, 1882 – September 15, 1974) was the pen-name of Arishima Mibuma, a Japanese novelist and painter active in the Taishō and Shōwa period. He also used Utosei and then Jugatsutei as alternative pen names.
Mil Mi-17
The Mil Mi-17 (NATO reporting name: Hip) is a Soviet-designed Russian military helicopter family introduced in 1975 (Mi-8M), continuing in production as of 2024 at two factories in Russia, in Kazan and Ulan-Ude. It is known as the Mi-8M series in Russian service. The helicopter is mostly used as a medium twin-turbine transport helicopter, as well as an armed gunship version.

Algerian Air Force
The Algerian Air Force  (Arabic: القُوَّاتُ الجَوِّيَّةُ الجَزَائِرِيَّةُ, French: Forces aériennes algériennes) is the aerial arm of the Algerian People's National Army.

Its history begins with the creation by Saïd Aït Messaoudène, during the war of independence, of a first nucleus of air force with the training of Algerian pilots and personnel from friendly countries. This nucleus officially gave birth in 1962, the day after independence, to the Algerian Air Force.

Major General Mahmoud Laraba was appointed Commander of the Air Force in July 2020, succeeding Major General Hamid Boumaïza. On February 23, 2025, Major General Zoubir Ghouila took office as Commander of the Air Force, replacing Mahmoud Laraba.