hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Residue field
In mathematics, the residue field is a basic construction in commutative algebra. If  is a commutative ring and  is a maximal ideal, then the residue field is the quotient ring , which is a field. Frequently,  is a local ring and  is then its unique maximal ideal.

In abstract algebra, the splitting field of a polynomial is constructed using residue fields. Residue fields also applied in algebraic geometry, where to every point  of a scheme  one associates its residue field .  One can say a little loosely that the residue field of a point of an abstract algebraic variety is the natural domain for the coordinates of the point.

Quotient ring
In ring theory, a branch of abstract algebra, a quotient ring, also known as factor ring, difference ring or residue class ring, is a construction quite similar to the quotient group in group theory and to the quotient space in linear algebra. It is a specific example of a quotient, as viewed from the general setting of universal algebra. Starting with a ring  and a two-sided ideal  in ⁠⁠, a new ring, the quotient ring ⁠⁠, is constructed, whose elements are the cosets of  in  subject to special  and  operations. Quotient ring notation almost always uses a fraction slash "⁠⁠"; stacking the ring over the ideal using a horizontal line as a separator is uncommon and generally avoided.

Quotient rings are distinct from the "quotient field", or field of fractions, of an integral domain as well as from the more general "rings of quotients" obtained by localization.
Victims of the Riddle
"Victims of the Riddle" is a song by the English new wave band Toyah, fronted by Toyah Willcox, released as the band's debut single in 1979 by Safari Records. The song later featured on the band's album Sheep Farming in Barnet.

Safari Records
Safari Records was a British independent record label based in London, England, and operating between 1977 and 1985. Safari Records was formed early in 1977 by Tony Edwards (former co-manager of Deep Purple), Andreas Budde (the son of German music publisher Rolf Budde) and John Craig who previously ran Purple and Oyster Records. With the label's founders living in Paris, Berlin and London respectively, the plan was to develop a pan-European record company that would release pop records. Licensing deals were struck with Teldec in Germany and Disques Vogue in France, in the UK its product was pressed and distributed by Pye and later by Spartan Records. Most notable of the label's acts were Wayne County, The Boys, Toyah and the South Africa's first multiracial band Juluka.
Meromorphic function
In the mathematical field of complex analysis, a meromorphic function on an open subset  of the complex plane is a function that is holomorphic on all of  except  for a set of isolated points, which are poles of the function. The term comes from the Greek meros (μέρος), meaning 'part'.

Every meromorphic function on  can be expressed as the ratio between two holomorphic functions (with the denominator not constant 0) defined on : any pole must coincide with a zero of the denominator.

Complex plane
In mathematics, the complex plane is the plane formed by the complex numbers, with a Cartesian coordinate system such that the horizontal x-axis, called the real axis, is formed by the real numbers, and the vertical y-axis, called the imaginary axis, is formed by the imaginary numbers.

The complex plane allows for a geometric interpretation of complex numbers. Under addition, they add like vectors. The multiplication of two complex numbers can be expressed more easily in polar coordinates: the magnitude or modulus of the product is the product of the two absolute values, or moduli, and the angle or argument of the product is the sum of the two angles, or arguments. In particular, multiplication by a complex number of modulus 1 acts as a rotation.

The complex plane is sometimes called the Argand plane or Gauss plane.
The Marksman (2005 film)
The Marksman is a 2005 American action film directed by Marcus Adams. The film stars Wesley Snipes, William Hope, Emma Samms and Anthony Warren. The film was released on direct-to-DVD in the United States on September 6, 2005.

William Hope (actor)
William Hope  is a Canadian actor, best known for his numerous roles in the Alien and Alien vs. Predator franchises, portraying Lieutenant Scott Gorman in Aliens (1986) and Alien: River of Pain (2017), the Xenomorphs (Aliens) and Yautja (Predators) in Aliens Versus Predator (1999) and Aliens Versus Predator 2 (2001), Doctor H. G. Groves in Aliens vs. Predator (2010), and Colonial Marshal Waits in Alien: Isolation (2014) and its 2019 animated miniseries adaptation.
To Trap a Spy
To Trap a Spy is the feature-length film version of the 70-minute television pilot of The Man from U.N.C.L.E. starring Robert Vaughn. It also features Patricia Crowley, William Marshall, Fritz Weaver and David McCallum. The film was directed by Don Medford.

Luciana Paluzzi
Luciana Paluzzi (born 10 June 1937) is an Italian actress. She is perhaps best known for playing SPECTRE assassin Fiona Volpe in the fourth James Bond film, Thunderball, but she had important roles in notable films of the 1960s and 1970s in both the Italian film industry and Hollywood, including Chuka, The Green Slime, 99 Women, Black Gunn, War Goddess, The Klansman and The Sensuous Nurse.
Football (book)
Football is a 2026 non-fiction book by American cultural critic Chuck Klosterman. Published by Penguin Press on January 20, 2026, the book examines the cultural significance of American football in the United States, analyzing its dominance in television viewership, its structural and philosophical underpinnings, and its potential future decline.

Chuck Klosterman
Charles John Klosterman (/ˈkloʊstərmən/; born June 5, 1972) is an American author and essayist whose work focuses on American popular culture. He has been a columnist for Esquire and ESPN.com and wrote "The Ethicist" column for The New York Times Magazine. Klosterman is the author of twelve books, including two novels and the essay collection Sex, Drugs, and Cocoa Puffs: A Low Culture Manifesto. He was awarded the ASCAP Deems Taylor award for music criticism in 2002.
Frank Collindridge
Frank Collindridge CBE (1891 – 16 October 1951) was a Labour Party politician in the United Kingdom.

Born in Barnsley, Collindridge became a coal miner, and became active in the Miners' Federation of Great Britain (MFGB) and the Labour Party.  He served on Wombwell Urban District Council from 1920 until 1939, including a stint as chair in 1931/32.  In 1937, he served on an MFGB delegation to the Soviet Union, and in 1944 on one to Australia and New Zealand.

Collindridge was elected as member of parliament (MP) for Barnsley at a by-election in 1938, and represented the constituency until he died during the campaign for the 1951 general election in Barnsley aged 60.

In Clement Attlee's post-war Labour Government he was a government whip, with the formal titles of Lord of the Treasury from 1945 to 1946, and Comptroller of the Household from 1946 to 1951.

Comptroller of the Household
The Comptroller of the Household is a historical position in the British royal household, nominally the second-ranking member of the Lord Steward's department after the Treasurer of the Household. The Comptroller was an ex officio member of the Board of Green Cloth, until that body was abolished in the reform of local government licensing in 2004. In recent times, a senior government whip has invariably occupied the office. On state occasions the Comptroller (in common with certain other senior officers of the Household) carries a white staff of office, as often seen in portraits.

"Comptroller" is an alternative spelling of "controller", recorded since around 1500 in a number of British titles, and later also in the United States. The variant in spelling results from the influence of French compte "account".
Nevada County Arts Council
The Nevada County Arts Council is the official Nevada County, California, USA arts council. By resolution of Nevada County Board of supervisors, it is State-Local Partner with California Arts Council. A 501c3 not-for-profit organization, its mission is to facilitate collaborative efforts that promote and sustain the visual, literary and performing arts of Nevada County to advance the cultural, social and economic life of its rural community.

In 2017 California Arts Council selected 14 districts to serve as California's inaugural state-designated Cultural Districts. Nevada County is home to two: Grass Valley-Nevada City and Truckee.

Arts council
An arts council is a government or private non-profit organization dedicated to promoting the arts; mainly by funding local artists, awarding prizes, and organizing arts events. They often operate at arms-length from the government to prevent political interference in their decisions.
Museum Huta Bolon Simanindo
Huta Bolon Museum of Simanindo is a museum on in the village of Simanindo on Samosir Island in Samosir Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. The museum is housed in the former home of Rajah Simalungun, a Batak king who had 14 wives. The roof was decorated with 10 buffalo horns representing the 10 generations of the dynasty. The museum's collection includes brass cooking utensils, weapons, crockery from the Dutch and Chinese, sculptures, and Batak carvings. Dance performances are given daily and audience participation encouraged.

Batak
Batak is a collective term used to identify a number of closely related Austronesian ethnic groups predominantly found in North Sumatra and parts of adjacent provinces, Indonesia, who speak the Batak languages. The term always includes the Toba, Karo, Simalungun, Pakpak-Dairi, Angkola and Mandailing, as well as other related ethnic groups with distinct languages and traditional customs (adat).
Erik Lesser
Erik Lesser (born 17 May 1988) is a German former biathlete. In 2010, he ran his first single World Cup Race. At the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, he won a silver medal at Men's individual. At the Biathlon World Championships 2013 he won a bronze medal with the German team in Men's relay.

His grandfather Axel Lesser competed in cross-country skiing for East Germany at the 1976 Winter Olympics.

Biathlon at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Men's individual
The men's individual competition of the Sochi 2014 Olympics was held at Laura Biathlon & Ski Complex on 13 February 2014. The gold medal was won by Martin Fourcade, France, the silver medal by Erik Lesser, Germany and the bronze medal was won by Evgeniy Garanichev, Russia.
CBC News: Politics
CBC News: Politics was a Canadian political affairs television series which aired weekdays on CBC Newsworld, which was hosted by Don Newman. The show was discontinued and replaced with an additional hour of CBC News: Today upon Newman's retirement in 2009; in the fall, the new series Power & Politics, hosted by Evan Solomon, debuted.

CBC News Network
CBC News Network (formerly CBC Newsworld) is a Canadian English-language specialty news channel owned by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC). It is Canada's first all-news channel, and the world's third-oldest television service of this nature (after CNN in the United States, and Sky News in the United Kingdom).

CBC News Network is funded by cable subscriber fees and commercial advertising, unlike the CBC's main television network, and it cannot directly receive operational funds from the corporation's public funding allotment. Nonetheless, the network benefits from synergies with other CBC services; such as the ability to share reporters and programs with the main network.

CBC News Network's French-language counterpart is Ici RDI, also owned by the CBC (or, Société Radio-Canada in French).
ASEAN U-23 Championship
The ASEAN U-23 Championship (formerly AFF U-23 Championship) is an international football competition contested by the national under-23 teams of the member nations of the ASEAN Football Federation (AFF). The inaugural edition was held in 2005.

Vietnam are the most successful team in the tournament's history, having won three titles. They are also the current champions, having beaten Indonesia 1–0 in the 2025 final.

Indonesia national under-23 football team
The Indonesia national under-23 football team (Indonesia: Tim Nasional Sepak Bola Indonesia U-23) is considered to be the feeder team for the Indonesia national football team, represents Indonesia at football in the Olympic Games, Asian Games and Southeast Asian Games, as well as any other under-23 international football tournaments including the AFC U-23 Asian Cup. It is controlled by the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI).

This team was founded when the Olympic football was changed to an under-23 competition, and is also managed as under-22 team while it doesn't play in major competitions.
Battery Records (hip-hop)
Battery Records was a hip-hop label started by Neil Levine under Zomba Label Group, which is owned by Sony Music Entertainment. The label was launched mid-2008 by Sony BMG Music Entertainment.  The label primarily focuses on new talent, often overseeing early-stage development for acts that are destined for other labels such as J Records or Jive.  However, it also serves established artists looking for non-traditional deals, such as releasing Q-Tip's solo album Kamaal the Abstract, which had been shelved nearly seven years prior. In September 2011, Levine left Battery before Jive shut down in the following month.

Neil Levine
Neil Levine is an American music industry executive. He is best known as the founder of the hip-hop label Penalty Recordings, and is currently the CEO of its successor company, Penalty Entertainment. Levine helped to launch the careers of artists such as Capone-N-Noreaga, Lil Jon & the East Side Boyz, and Tha Eastsidaz.
Vilnius City Municipality Building
Vilnius City Municipality Building (Lithuanian: Vilniaus miesto savivaldybės pastatas) is located in Vilnius CBD on Konstitucijos Avenue, Vilnius. The building was completed and opened in 2004. In the past, Municipal Departments and Divisions were scattered throughout the capital. Now they are concentrated in the new center of the Municipality, which has improved the service of the city residents and the working conditions of the municipal employees.

Vilnius Central Business District
54°41′45″N 25°16′32″E﻿ / ﻿54.69583°N 25.27556°E﻿ / 54.69583; 25.27556

The Vilnius Central Business District, commonly called Vilnius CBD or Vilnius NMC, is a rapidly developing business district in Šnipiškės eldership of Vilnius, Lithuania. It is Lithuania's most important business district and the largest of its kind in the Baltic States.

Between 2000 and 2018, more than 480,000 square metres (5,200,000 sq ft) of floor area was added to Vilnius CBD. Most of the growth occurred after 2010, with intense growth continuing after 2020. Since 2022, Vilnius has been experiencing a large influx of foreign professionals, many of whom work in the CBD.

This area is called Naujasis miesto centras and abbreviated Vilniaus NMC in Lithuanian. The Baltasis tiltas (White Bridge) connects the area with the Naujamiestis eldership. Vilnius government has created a virtual 3D map of the area where present and future buildings can be seen.
Eugenics Record Office
The Eugenics Record Office (ERO), located in Cold Spring Harbor, New York, United States, was a research institute that gathered biological and social information about the American population, serving as a center for eugenics and human heredity research from 1910 to 1939. It was established by the Carnegie Institution of Washington (Carnegie Science), Station for Experimental Evolution, and subsequently administered by its Department of Genetics.

Both its founder, Charles Benedict Davenport, and its director, Harry H. Laughlin, were major contributors to the field of eugenics in the United States. Its mission was to collect substantial information on the ancestry of the American population, to produce literature fueling the eugenics movement, and to promote the idea of race betterment.

Charles Davenport
Charles Benedict Davenport (June 1, 1866 – February 18, 1944) was a biologist and eugenicist influential in the American eugenics movement. He taught at Harvard University and the University of Chicago.
Al-Hariri of Basra
Al-Hariri of Basra (Arabic: أبو محمد القاسم بن علي بن محمد بن عثمان الحريري, romanized: Abū Muhammad al-Qāsim ibn ʿAlī ibn Muhammad ibn ʿUthmān al-Harīrī; c. 1054 – 10 September 1122) was a poet belonging to the Beni Harram tribe of Bedouin Arabs, who lived and died in the city of Basra, modern Iraq. He was a scholar of the Arabic language and a dignitary of the Seljuk Empire, which  ruled Iraq during his lifetime, from 1055 to 1135.

He is known for his Maqamat al-Hariri (also known as the ‘'Assemblies of Hariri'’), a collection of some 50 stories written in the Maqama style, a mix of verse and literary prose. For more than eight centuries, Al-Hariri's best known work, his Maqamat has been regarded as one of the greatest treasure in Arabic literature after the Quran and the Pre-Islamic poetic canons. Although the maqamat did not originate with al-Hariri, he elevated the genre to an art form.

Thomas Chenery
Thomas William Chenery (1826 – 11 February 1884) was an English scholar and editor of The Times. His diplomatic background and choice of capable reporters helped to revive the paper's reputation for international news.
The Sacred Flame (1929 film)
The Sacred Flame is a 1929 American sound (All-Talking) romantic drama film directed by Archie Mayo, starring Pauline Frederick and Conrad Nagel, and based on a 1928 Broadway play of the same title by Somerset Maugham. It is now considered a lost film. Two years later Warner Bros. Pictures remade the film in German The Sacred Flame. In 1935, a second remake The Right to Live, was made, starring Colin Clive and George Brent.

The Sacred Flame (play)
The Sacred Flame (1928) is William Somerset Maugham's 21st play, written at the age of 54.  Maugham dedicated the publication to his friend Messmore Kendall.

The play, written as three acts, is unique within the total of Maugham's list of 24 plays, in that he changed from his previous methodology of using the naturalistic speech pattern he had been so well known for, to experiment with a more literary dialogue. Despite being a commercial success, Maugham did not repeat the experiment of literary dialogue again in any of his future plays.
Nicola Maldacea
Nicola Maldacea (29 October 1870 – 5 March 1945) was an Italian actor, comedian and singer, well-known for his expertise in the theatrical genre of 'macchietta', where he was one of the pioneers. In the golden years of the café-chantant in Italy, between 1890 and 1920, Maldacea was the star who closed the show together with the prime donne who symbolised the Belle Époque such as Lina Cavalieri or La Belle Otero. He sang duets with national and international stars, such as Emilia Persico (it), Amina Vargas, Eugénie Fougère, La Tortajada, Lucy Nanon, and above all with the Neapolitan Amelia Faraone (it), but also led his own theatre companies.

Eugénie Fougère
Eugénie Fougère (12 April 1870 – 6 February 1946) was a French vaudeville and music hall dancer and singer. She was often called a soubrette − a flirtatious or frivolous woman − known for her eye-catching outfits, frisky movements, suggestive demeanor, and for her rendition of the popular "cakewalk dance," which in her own style included "negro" rhythms and paces. She should not be confused with the frequenter of the French demi-monde also named Eugénie Fougère although the two knew each other, mixed in the same circles and even lived in the same street in Paris for a while.

Fougère, despite her image as a frivolous dance-hall star, was also an innovator, who, according to one theatre critic was "a precursor who introduced the repertoire of foreign songs and dances from every country into the café-concert well before this repertoire became fashionable".
Hsin Bau
Hsin Bau (Chinese: 心保和尚; pinyin: Xīnbǎo Héshàng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sim-pó  hô siōng; born 1964) is a Taiwanese Buddhist monk and elder of the Fo Guang Shan worldwide Buddhist organization who currently serves as its head abbot and director since 2013, and guiding teacher of the order since 2023. Hsin Bau ordained as a śrāmaṇera novice under Hsing Yun in 1986. In 1988, he received the full upasampadā vinaya precepts at Hsi Lai Temple, the North American regional headquarters of Fo Guang Shan, in California, during which time he received the dharma name Hui Chi (慧濟). In 2004, he was appointed abbot of Hsi Lai Temple, where he had been stationed for several years. In 2013, he was elected head abbot of Fo Guang Shan; Following tradition, he now uses his inner dharma name, Hsin Bau, as abbot and chairman of the board of directors. He was subsequently re-elected to a second term as abbot in 2018.

Hsi Lai Temple
Fo Guang Shan Hsi Lai Temple (Chinese: 佛光山西來寺; pinyin: Fóguāngshān Xīlái Sì) is a mountain monastery in the northern Puente Hills, Hacienda Heights, Los Angeles County, California. The name Hsi Lai means "coming west".

Hsi Lai Temple is a branch of Fo Guang Shan, a Buddhist organization from Taiwan. It is the order's first overseas branch temple and serves as the North American regional headquarters for Fo Guang Shan. Hsi Lai Temple was the site of the founding of Buddha's Light International Association, established in 1991. The temple, like its mother temple in Taiwan, practices Humanistic Buddhism.
Counties 3 Yorkshire
Counties 3 Yorkshire, previously known as Yorkshire 3, is an English rugby union league at the ninth tier of the domestic competition. Club rugby in Yorkshire operates without promotion play-offs meaning that the top two teams are automatically promoted to Counties 2 Yorkshire and the bottom two teams are relegated to Counties 4 Yorkshire. Each season a team from Counties 3 Yorkshire or Counties 4 Yorkshire may be picked to take part in the RFU Junior Vase - a national competition for clubs at levels 9–12.

RFU Junior Vase
The RFU Junior Vase is a rugby union national knockout cup competition in England run by the Rugby Football Union, which has been competed for since 1990.  It is mostly contested by 1st XV teams at level 9 of the English rugby union system, although sides as low as level 12 or even outside the league system can sometimes enter. The competition is a national one, but split into regions until the national semi-finals with the final being held at Twickenham Stadium in London.  Presently, the RFU Junior Vase is the fifth most important club cup competition in England, behind the Premiership Rugby Cup, RFU Championship Cup, RFU Intermediate Cup and RFU Senior Vase.
Injured in the Game of Love
"Injured in the Game of Love" is a song by American rock musician Donnie Iris, released in 1985 as the lead single from his fifth studio album No Muss...No Fuss. The song reached number 91 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart and number 28 on the US Billboard Mainstream Rock chart.

A music video was also produced for the song, which depicts Iris working out in a gym and drinking egg whites.

Donnie Iris
Donnie Iris (born Dominic Ierace, February 28, 1943) is an American rock musician known for his work with the Jaggerz and Wild Cherry during the 1970s and for his solo career beginning in the 1980s with his band, the Cruisers. He wrote the No. 2 Billboard hit, "The Rapper", with the Jaggerz in 1970 and was a member of Wild Cherry. He also achieved fame as a solo artist in the early 1980s with the No. 29 hit "Ah! Leah!" and the No. 37 hit "Love Is Like a Rock."

In addition to performing on the first three Jaggerz albums and the fourth and final Wild Cherry album, Iris with his solo band has released eleven studio albums, one EP, two live albums and two compilations. He continues to intermittently release new material and tour throughout the Youngstown, Ohio; Cleveland, Ohio and greater Pittsburgh areas.