hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rob Meens
Robert Marie Joseph "Rob" Meens (born 14 August 1959, Heerlen) is a Dutch historian and professor at Utrecht University.

Meens got his Ph.D. from Nijmegen University in 1994. He was a fellow at the Davis Center for Historical Studies at Princeton University in 1997-1998, and taught at the University of Vienna before an appointment as professor in history in Utrecht.

A specialist in medieval religious culture, he is the co-editor, with Yitzhak Hen, of a collection of essays on the Bobbio Missal, a collection "said to define a new orthodoxy on the subject". He has researched penitentials with a research group at Utrecht (a continuation of the important work done by Raymund Kottje) since the early 2000s, and his Penance in Medieval Europe, 600-1200 was published in 2014 by Cambridge UP.

Bobbio Missal
The Bobbio Missal (Paris, BNF lat. 13246) is a seventh-century Christian liturgical codex that probably originated in France.

The Missal contains a lectionary, a sacramentary and some canonical material (such as a penitential). It was found in Bobbio Abbey in Italy by the Benedictine monk Jean Mabillon between June 4 and June 9 of 1686.

The Missal is the earliest liturgical manuscript surviving from the medieval period. Its specific authorship and provenance is much disputed, though general agreement points to the valley of the Rhône, with Besançon (Mabillon's suggestion) and Vienne given as two popular options.
Bronze and Sunflower
Bronze and Sunflower (Chinese: 青铜葵花) is a Chinese children's novel written by Cao Wenxuan and was first published in 2005. The novel is set in the Cultural Revolution. It is a story of friendship between Bronze, a mute peasant boy, and Sunflower, the young daughter of an artist sent to a May Seventh Cadre School.

It has won numerous awards and commendations in China, and has been translated into several languages.

May Seventh Cadre School
May Seventh Cadre Schools (simplified Chinese: 五七干校; traditional Chinese: 五七幹校) were a system of rural communes throughout mainland China established during the Cultural Revolution to train Chinese Communist Party (CCP) cadres to follow the mass line, including through the use of manual labor.: 29
Laclede Gas Building
The Laclede Gas Building is a 31-story, 122 m (400 ft) skyscraper located at 720 Olive Street in Downtown St. Louis, Missouri. It was designed by the Emery Roth & Sons architecture firm, and was built between 1967 and 1969 for the Laclede Gas Company, which had outgrown its 10-story building at 1017 Olive Street. The Laclede Gas Company vacated the building in March 2015, after 45 years in the space. The building has since been converted to mixed-use, and presently consists of both office and residential spaces.

Uniquely, all power for the building is generated in-house using natural gas burning generators, and therefore is not interconnected to the Ameren power grid.

The building also houses one of the eastbound entrances to MetroLink's 8th & Pine subway station.

As of January 2025, the building is for sale.

8th & Pine station
8th & Pine station is a light rail station on the Red and Blue lines of the St. Louis MetroLink system. This subway station is located beneath the intersection of 8th and Pine streets in St. Louis' Central Business District.
William Rees (archdeacon of St Asaph)
William Hugh Rees was Archdeacon of St Asaph in Wales from 1970 to 1974.

He was born in 1905 and educated at St David's College, Lampeter, and Westcott House, Cambridge. He was ordained in 1929 and began his career with curacies at Carmarthen and Uzmaston. After this, he was Bishop's Messenger for the Diocese of St Davids from 1935 to 1939. He held incumbencies at St Mary Haverfordwest and St Paul, Colwyn Bay. He was Rural Dean of Rhos from 1960 to 1970, when he became Archdeacon of the surrounding area. He retired in 1974.

Westcott House, Cambridge
Westcott House is an Anglican theological college based on Jesus Lane in the centre of the university city of Cambridge in the United Kingdom. Its main activity is training people for ordained ministry in the Church of England and other Anglican churches. Westcott House is a founding member of the Cambridge Theological Federation. The college is considered by many to be Liberal Catholic in its tradition, but it accepts ordinands from a range of traditions in the Church of England.
Vietoris–Begle mapping theorem
The Vietoris–Begle mapping theorem is a result in the mathematical field of algebraic topology. It is named for Leopold Vietoris and Edward G. Begle. The statement of the theorem, below, is as formulated by Stephen Smale.

Leopold Vietoris
Leopold Vietoris (/viːˈtɔːrɪs/ vee-TOR-iss, German: [ˈleːopɔlt viːˈtoːʁɪs], Austrian German: [ˈleːopɔld viːˈtoːrɪs]; 4 June 1891 – 9 April 2002) was an Austrian mathematician, World War I veteran and supercentenarian. He was born in Radkersburg and died in Innsbruck.

He was known for his contributions to topology—notably the Mayer–Vietoris sequence—and other fields of mathematics, his interest in mathematical history, and for being a keen alpinist.
Tuscan Wedding
Tuscan Wedding (Dutch: Toscaanse Bruiloft) is a 2014 romantic comedy film directed by Johan Nijenhuis.

The film won the Golden Film award after having sold 100,000 tickets. The film also won the Platinum Film award after having sold 400,000 tickets.

The music was composed by Dutch violinist and conductor André Rieu.

André Rieu
André Léon Marie Nicolas Rieu (Dutch: [ˈɑndreː riˈjøː], French: [ɑ̃dʁe ʁjø]; born 1 October 1949) is a Dutch violinist and conductor best known as the founder of the waltz-playing Johann Strauss Orchestra.

Rieu and his orchestra tour worldwide, often playing in stadiums. He resides in his native Maastricht, where he also regularly performs at the Vrijthof.
Tollensesee
Tollensesee is a zungenbecken lake in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It belongs to the Mecklenburg Lake District. At an elevation of 14.8 m, its surface area is 17.4 km². Its maximum depth is about 46 m. The lake is 10.4 km long and between 1.5 and 2.5 km wide. The entire lake lies within the administrative area of the city of Neubrandenburg. In the south part of the lake there is island Fischerinsel.

Zungenbecken
A Zungenbecken (German pronunciation: [ˈtsʊŋənˌbɛkn̩]), also called a tongue basin or tongue-basin, is part of a succession of ice age geological landforms, known as a glacial series. It is a hollow that is left behind by the ice mass, as the snout of the glacier (German: Gletscherzunge, lit. 'glacier tongue') recedes, which initially fills with meltwater, forming a proglacial lake, and later may be filled with surface water from streams or precipitation. When the glacier has more fully retreated this produces a finger lake or glacial piedmont lake (German: Zungenbeckensee, known as a Gletscherendsee of the glacial series in the Alpine Foreland). The term Zungenbecken is of German origin, but used in English language sources.

Examples are the Tegernsee, Ammersee, Starnberger See, Lake Constance, Chiemsee, Tollensesee and the Baltic Sea.
Shane Dadswell
Shane Dadswell (born 18 November 1997) is a South African cricketer who plays for North-West University in South Africa. In November 2017, he scored 490 runs in a 50-over game, setting a club cricket record for the highest individual score in the format. He made his List A debut for North West in the 2017–18 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge on 26 November 2017.

In September 2018, he was named in North West's squad for the 2018 Africa T20 Cup. He made his Twenty20 debut for North West in the 2018 Africa T20 Cup on 14 September 2018. On debut, he scored 98 not out from 34 balls, which Cricket South Africa described as "the performance of the day".

He made his first-class debut for North West in the 2018–19 CSA 3-Day Provincial Cup on 8 November 2018. In September 2019, he was named in North West's squad for the 2019–20 CSA Provincial T20 Cup.

2017–18 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge
The 2017–18 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge was a List A cricket competition that took place in South Africa from 15 October 2017 to 8 April 2018. The competition was played between the thirteen South African provincial teams and Namibia. The tournament was played in parallel with the 2017–18 Sunfoil 3-Day Cup, a first-class competition which featured the same teams. Northerns were the defending champions.

Following Namibia's fixture against Free State in February 2018, Namibia's captain Sarel Burger and vice-captain Craig Williams retired from cricket.

The final was played between Gauteng and North West at the Wanderers Stadium in Johannesburg on 8 April 2018. North West won the match to claim their first tile, beating Gauteng by 34 runs. Cricket South Africa's acting Chief Executive, Thabang Moroe, congratulated North West on winning the title.
Every Last Drop
Every Last Drop is a 2008 pulp-noir/horror novel  by American writer Charlie Huston. It is the fourth novel in the Joe Pitt Casebooks, following Half the Blood of Brooklyn. The series follows the life of the New York vampyre Joe Pitt, who works sometimes as an enforcer for various vampyre factions in New York and sometimes as a sort of detective.

Charlie Huston
Charlie Huston (born 1968) is an American novelist, screenwriter and comic book writer. They have written various novels in different genres, including Caught Stealing (2004) that was adapted into a 2025 film by Darren Aronofsky. They have also written the Joe Pitt Casebooks series that feature a detective who is also a vampire, as well as several standalone novels and comic books.
East Lake Sammamish Trail
The East Lake Sammamish Trail is an 11-mile (18 km) recreational rail trail in King County, Washington that runs along Lake Sammamish from Marymoor Park in Redmond, through Sammamish, to Gilman Boulevard in Issaquah.

Lake Sammamish
Lake Sammamish  is a freshwater lake 8 miles (13 km) east of Seattle in King County, Washington, United States. The lake is 7 miles (11 km) long and 1.5 miles (2 km) wide, with a maximum depth of 105 feet (32 m) and a surface area of 8 sq mi (21 km2). It lies east of Lake Washington and west of the Sammamish Plateau, and stretches from Issaquah in the south to Redmond in the north. At Issaquah it is fed by Issaquah Creek, and at Redmond it drains to Lake Washington via the Sammamish River, named after the native people who once lived along its entire length.

The 98 sq mi (250 km2) Lake Sammamish watershed stretches from Redmond through Bellevue, and Issaquah to Preston and Hobart, and consists of numerous creeks which flow into the lake. Issaquah Creek is the largest tributary, furnishing over 70% of the lake's inflow.
Boinchi
Boinchi (also spelt Bainchi or Boinchee) is a Census town located in Hooghly District in the Indian state of West Bengal. It is under Pandua Police Station in Chinsurah subdivision. The town is located approximately 71 kilometers from Kolkata via Howrah-Bardhaman Main Line. The nearest Railway Station is Bainchi railway station, which is under the Eastern Railway and a part of Kolkata Suburban Railway System.

Hooghly district
Hooghly district is one of the 23 districts in the Indian state of West Bengal. It can alternatively be spelt Hoogli. The headquarters of the district is Chuchura. The district is named after the Hooghly River and is located in the Burdwan division. There are four subdivisions of the district: Chinsurah Sadar, Serampore, Chandannagore, and Arambagh.
Marin Raykov
Marin Raykov Nikolov (Bulgarian: Марин Райков Николов [mɐˈrin ˈrajkof]; born 17 December 1960) is a Bulgarian politician and diplomat who was appointed to serve as a caretaker Prime Minister of Bulgaria and minister of foreign affairs of Bulgaria on 12 March 2013 by Bulgarian president Rosen Plevneliev.  He left office on 29 May 2013 with his interim deputy PM Ekaterina Zakharieva.

Raykov served as a deputy Foreign Minister in the governments of Ivan Kostov (1998–2001) and Boyko Borisov (2009–2010). From 2010 to 2013, he served as an ambassador of Bulgaria in France.

Marin Raykov’s father, Rayko Nikolov, was himself a career diplomat.

Rosen Plevneliev
Rosen Asenov Plevneliev (Bulgarian: Росен Асенов Плевнелиев, born 14 May 1964) is a Bulgarian politician who served as the president of Bulgaria from 2012 to 2017. Affiliated with the GERB party, he previously served as Minister of Regional Development and Public Works from  2009 to 2011.
Bursea
Bursea is a hamlet in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England.  It is situated approximately 3 miles (5 km) south of the village of Holme-on-Spalding-Moor and 5 miles (8 km) north-east of the market town of Howden. It lies to the north of the River Foulness.
Bursea forms part of the civil parish of Holme-on-Spalding-Moor.

The chapel at Bursea is designated a Grade II listed building in August 1987 and is now recorded in the National Heritage List for England, maintained by Historic England.

River Foulness
The River Foulness is a river in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. Its name is derived from Old English fūle[n] ēa, meaning “dirty water”. Maintenance responsibilities for the river transferred from the Environment Agency to the Market Weighton Drainage Board on 1 October 2011. Market Weighton Drainage Board subsequently amalgamated with the Lower Ouse Internal Drainage Board on 1 April 2012 to create the Ouse and Humber Drainage Board. The river discharges into the Humber Estuary via Market Weighton Canal. Water levels within the river, its tributaries and the canal are managed and controlled by the Environment Agency. The river lies in an area known as the Humberhead Levels.
Anna Gabriel i Sabaté
Anna Gabriel i Sabaté (born 1975) is a Catalan social pedagogue, adjunct professor in law and politician from Spain. She was a member of Catalan Parliament between 2015 and 2017, representing the radical left pro-Catalan independence political party, Popular Unity Candidacy. Since February 2018, she has been in exile in Geneva, Switzerland.

Popular Unity Candidacy
The Popular Unity Candidacy (Catalan: Candidatura d'Unitat Popular, CUP) is a left-wing to far-left pro-Catalan independence political party active primarily in Catalonia, where it has political representation, but also in other autonomous communities in Spain that it considers to be part of the Catalan Countries. The CUP traditionally has focused on municipal politics, and is made up of a series of autonomous candidatures that run in local elections. Its presence is strongest within the borders of Catalonia.

In 2012, the CUP decided for the first time to run for Catalan parliamentary elections, gaining three MPs out of 135. In the 2015 elections, they obtained 10 MPs.
Leah Blayney
Leah Janine Blayney (born 4 July 1986) is  an Australian soccer coach and former player, who represented Boston Breakers in the American WPS.

She played for Australia at the 2004 FIFA Under 19 Women's World Championship and 2006 FIFA Under 20 Women's World Championship.

She was the head coach of the Australia women's national under-20 soccer team from 2019–2024.

Currently she is the assistant manager of the Japan women's national football team.

Australia women's national under-20 soccer team
The Australian women's national under-20 soccer team represents Australia in international women's under-20 soccer. The team is controlled by the governing body for soccer in Australia, Football Australia (FA), which is currently a member of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) and the regional ASEAN Football Federation (AFF) since leaving the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) in 2006. The team's official nickname is the Young Matildas.
Telesforo Monzón
Telesforo de Monzón y Ortiz de Urruela (1 December 1904 in Bergara, Spanish Basque Country – 9 March 1981 in Bayonne, French Basque Country) was a writer, politician and nationalist Basque leader.

Monzón was an important leader of the Basque Nationalist Party during the Second Republic and the Spanish Civil War. After the end of the war, he was forced into exile for more than 40 years. After returning to the Basque region south of the Pyrenees, he became a major figure in the movement for Basque independence and was one of the founders of the left-wing coalition Herri Batasuna. At the 1979 General Election he was elected to the Spanish Congress of Deputies representing Gipuzkoa Province, the same district which he had represented from 1932 to 1936 during the Spanish Second Republic. He served until March 1980 when he resigned from the parliament. In the 1980 Basque regional election he was elected to the Basque parliament. He died in March 1981 and was buried in his native Bergara.

Herri Batasuna
Herri Batasuna (Basque pronunciation: [eˈri baˌtas̺uˈna]; English: Popular Unity; HB) was a far-left Basque nationalist coalition in Spain. It was founded in 1978 and defined itself as abertzale, left-wing, socialist, and supported the independence of the Greater Basque Country. It was refounded as Batasuna in 2001 and subsequently outlawed by the Spanish Supreme Court for being considered the political wing of the separatist group Euskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA).
Federal Social Readaptation Center No. 1
19°25′14″N 99°44′55″W﻿ / ﻿19.42056°N 99.74861°W﻿ / 19.42056; -99.74861

The Federal Social Readaptation Center No. 1 "Altiplano" (Spanish: Centro Federal de Readaptación Social Número 1 "Altiplano") is a maximum security federal prison of the Secretariat of Public Security in Mexico. It was originally called the Penal de Máxima Seguridad No. 1 "Almoloya de Juárez", later renamed the Federal Social Readaptation Center No. 1 "La Palma" (Centro Federal de Readaptación Social No. 1 "La Palma"), before assuming its present name. This facility is located in the Santa Juana Centro neighborhood of Almoloya de Juárez, in the State of Mexico, 25 kilometers (16 mi) from Toluca.

Supermax prison
A super-maximum security (supermax) or administrative maximum (ADX) prison is a "control-unit" prison, or a unit within prisons, which represents the most secure level of custody in the prison systems of certain countries.

The objective is to provide long-term, segregated housing for inmates classified as the highest security risks in the prison system and those who pose an extremely serious threat to both national and global security.
Sharon Bezaly
Sharon Bezaly (Hebrew: שרון בצלי; born 1972) is an Israeli flautist.

Bezaly was born in Israel, but lives presently in Sweden. She has been an international performer since 1997, when she began her solo flute career. She made her solo debut at 13 with Zubin Mehta and the Israel Philharmonic. Her flute was made by Muramatsu Flutes out of 24-carat gold.

Muramatsu Flutes
Muramatsu Flutes is a flute manufacturer founded by Koichi Muramatsu. It is probably one of the oldest Japanese classical flute companies, having manufactured the instrument since 1923. Their handmade flutes are made from sterling silver; 9K, 14K, 18K, and 24K gold; as well as platinum. Many artisans who have worked for Muramatsu have also created many of the new companies in Japan that make high-quality handmade flutes.

The factory Muramatsu Flute MSG. Co., Ltd. (村松フルート製作所) is located in the city of Tokorozawa, Japan. The sister company that sells the flutes is Muramatsu Inc. (村松楽器販売) and is located in Shinjuku, Tokyo, with branches in Osaka, Nagoya, and Yokohama in Japan, and dealers all over the world.

Famous flautists who use this brand include James Galway, Sharon Bezaly, Sami Junnonen, and Lizzo.
Harry Sullivan (Doctor Who)
Harry Sullivan is a fictional character from the British science-fiction television series Doctor Who and is a companion of the Fourth Doctor. Played by Ian Marter, the character appears as a regular during the programme's twelfth season in 1974–1975. Harry appeared in 7 stories (27 episodes).

Revenge of the Cybermen
Revenge of the Cybermen is the fifth and final serial of the 12th season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in four weekly parts on BBC1 from 19 April to 10 May 1975. Written by Gerry Davis and directed by Michael E. Briant, the serial was the first to feature the Cybermen since The Invasion (1968) and the last until Earthshock (1982).

The serial is set on Space Station Nerva, now called Nerva Beacon, and the "planet of gold" Voga, thousands of years before The Ark in Space. In the serial, the Cybermen plot to destroy Voga, as the gold there is lethal to them.

Following the serial's release, it received mixed to negative reviews. The serial has been rereleased for DVD several times and has received a novelisation written by Terrance Dicks.
Alpine Valley Music Theatre
Alpine Valley Music Theatre is a 30,000-capacity amphitheater located on County Highway D in East Troy, Wisconsin. The seasonal venue was built in 1977 and it features a wooden roof, covering the 7,500-seat pavilion and a sprawling lawn. It was the largest amphitheater in the United States until 1993, when the Glen Helen Pavilion (now known as the Glen Helen Amphitheater) was built in California.

The amphitheater was purchased by Nederlander Concerts in 1993, and later acquired by SFX (now Live Nation) in 1999. In 2019 the venue was sold to Consolidated-Tomoka Land Company for $7.5M with Live Nation retaining its lease.

Nederlander Organization
The Nederlander Organization, founded in 1912 by David T. Nederlander in Detroit, and currently based in New York City, is one of the largest operators of live theaters and music venues in the United States. Its first acquisition was a lease on the Detroit Opera House in 1912. The building was demolished in 1928. It later operated the Shubert Lafayette Theatre until its demolition in 1964 and the Riviera Theatre, both in Detroit. Since then, the organization has grown to include nine Broadway theaters, making it the second-largest owner of Broadway theaters after the Shubert Organization, and a number of theaters across the United States, including five large theaters in Chicago, plus three West End theatres in London.
Gerda III
Gerda III is a lighthouse tender located at Mystic Seaport in Mystic, Connecticut, United States. Gerda III was built in 1928 in Denmark and was used as a common work boat. In 1943 Gerda III was used by 22-year old Henny Sinding Sundo to smuggle Jews from Nazi occupied Denmark to Sweden. Approximately 300-600 Jews were rescued by Gerda III. The Danish Parliament donated Gerda III to The Museum of Jewish Heritage in New York City. Mystic Seaport now cares for the vessel and features her as part of their collection of watercraft. The rescue story is the subject of the 1991 film A Day in October and featured in Susan Hood's children's novel, Harboring Hope: The True Story of How Henny Sinding Helped Denmark’s Jews Escape the Nazis (HarperCollins) which won the Josette Frank Award for Fiction from the Children's Book Committee of Bank Street College of Education and was listed as a Best Children's Book of the Year with Outstanding Merit in 2024.

Museum of Jewish Heritage
The Museum of Jewish Heritage, located on Edmond J. Safra Plaza in the Battery Park City neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, is a historical museum and a memorial to those murdered in The Holocaust. The museum has received more than two million visitors since opening in 1997. The mission statement of the museum is "to educate people of all ages and backgrounds about the broad tapestry of Jewish life in the 20th and 21st centuries—before, during, and after the Holocaust."

The museum's building includes two wings: a six-sided building with a pyramid-shaped roof designed to evoke the memory of the six million Jews killed in the Holocaust, and the Robert M. Morgenthau Wing. The six-sided building, opened in 1997, contains the museum's core exhibition galleries. The Morgenthau Wing, opened in 2003, contains the museum's offices, theater, and classrooms, as well as the Irving Schneider and Family exhibition gallery. Both wings were designed by Roche-Dinkeloo.