hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
PH1b
PH1b (standing for "Planet Hunters 1"), or by its NASA designation Kepler-64b, is an extrasolar planet found in a circumbinary orbit in the quadruple star system Kepler-64. The planet was discovered by two amateur astronomers from the Planet Hunters project of amateur astronomers using data from the Kepler space telescope with assistance of a Yale University team of international astronomers. The discovery was announced on 15 October 2012. It is the first known transiting planet in a quadruple star system, first known circumbinary planet in a quadruple star system, and the first planet in a quadruple star system found. It was the first confirmed planet discovered by PlanetHunters.org. An independent and nearly simultaneous detection was also reported from a revision of Kepler space telescope data using a transit detection algorithm.

Planet Hunters
Planet Hunters is a citizen science project to find exoplanets using human eyes. It does this by having users analyze data from the NASA Kepler space telescope and the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. It was launched by a team led by Debra Fischer at Yale University, as part of the Zooniverse project.
Constellations (journal)
Constellations: An International Journal of Critical and Democratic Theory is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal of critical post-Marxist and democratic theory and successor of Praxis International.

Constellations is committed to publishing the best of contemporary critical theory and democratic theory in philosophy, politics, social theory, and law. The journal aims to expanding the global possibilities for radical politics and social criticism.

Praxis School
The Praxis school was a Marxist humanist philosophical circle, whose members were influenced by Western Marxism. It originated in Zagreb in the SFR Yugoslavia, during the 1960s.

Prominent Praxis school theorists include Gajo Petrović and Milan Kangrga of Zagreb and Mihailo Marković of Belgrade. From 1964 to 1974 they published the Marxist journal Praxis, which was renowned as one of the leading international journals in Marxist theory. The group also organized the widely popular Korčula Summer School in the island of Korčula.
Soyuz 9
Soyuz 9 (Russian: Союз 9, Union 9) was a Soviet crewed space flight launched in June 1970. The two-man crew of Andriyan Nikolayev and Vitaly Sevastyanov broke the five-year-old space endurance record held by Gemini 7, with their nearly 18-day flight. The mission enabled the Salyut space station missions, investigating the effects of long-term weightlessness on crew, and evaluating the work that the cosmonauts could do in orbit, individually and as a team. It was also the last flight of the first-generation Soyuz 7K-OK spacecraft, as well as the first crewed space launch to be conducted at night. As of 2026, Soyuz 9 marks the longest crewed flight by a solo spacecraft.

Gemini 7
Gemini 7 (officially Gemini VII) was a 1965 crewed spaceflight in NASA's Gemini program. It was the fourth crewed Gemini flight, the twelfth crewed American spaceflight, and the twentieth crewed spaceflight including Soviet flights and X-15 flights above the Kármán line. The crew of Frank Borman and Jim Lovell spent nearly 14 days in space, making a total of 206 orbits. Their spacecraft was the passive target for the first crewed space rendezvous performed by the crew of Gemini 6A.
Tuttul
Tuttul (Akkadian: tu-ut-tu-ulki, Ugaritic: 𐎚𐎚𐎍 – TTL) was an ancient Near East city. Tuttul is identified with the archaeological site of Tell Bi'a (also Tall Bi'a) in Raqqa Governorate, Syria. Tell Bi'a is located near the modern city of Raqqa and at the confluence of the rivers Balikh and Euphrates.

Balikh River
The Balikh River (Arabic: نهر البليخ) is a perennial river that originates in the spring of Ain al-Arous near Tell Abyad in the Eastern Mediterranean conifer-sclerophyllous-broadleaf forests ecoregion. It flows due south and joins the Euphrates at the modern city of Raqqa. The Balikh is the second largest tributary to the Euphrates in Syria, after the Khabur River. It is an important source of water and large sections have recently been subjected to canalization.
Veluthambi Dalawa (film)
Veluthampi Dalawa is a 1962 Malayalam-language historical drama film based on the life of Velu Thampi Dalawa, the Dewan of Travancore during the first decade of 19th century, was one of the first to rebel against the British East India Company's supremacy. The film, directed by G. Viswanath and written by Jagathy N. K. Achary was shot in Newton Studios. Kottarakkara Sreedharan Nair, Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair, Prem Nawas, Adoor Bhasi, G. K. Pillai, Ragini, Ambika Sukumaran and Sukumari portrayed prominent roles. The dances were choreographed by Chinni and Sampath along with Kalamandalam Madhavan. The film was a box office success.

Velu Thampi Dalawa
Velayudhan Chempakaraman Thampi of Thalakulam (1765–1809) was the Dalawa or Prime Minister of the Indian kingdom of Travancore between 1802 and 1809 during the reign of Bala Rama Varma Kulasekhara Perumal. He is best known for being one of the earliest individuals to rebel against the British East India Company's authority in India.
Voloina
Voloina is a rural municipality in Ambatosoa, Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Maroantsetra. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 11,000 in the 2001 commune census.

Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 95% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crop is cloves, while other important products are coffee, rice and vanilla.  Services provide employment for 3% of the population. Additionally fishing employs 2% of the population.

Maroantsetra (district)
Maroantsetra is a district of Ambatosoa in Madagascar. It hosts part of Masoala National Park and part of Makira Natural Park. The district has an area of 6,965 km2 (2,689 sq mi), and the estimated population in 2020 was 264,234.
Feel Me (Tyga song)
"Feel Me" is a song by American rapper Tyga featuring fellow American rapper and then-common-law relative Kanye West. It was released on New Year's Day, 2017 in a joint venture with West's GOOD Music and Interscope Records as the third single from Tyga's fifth studio album, BitchImTheShit2 (2017). The song was written by both performers, along with Alexander "A.E." Edwards, while production was handled by Sound M.O.B. and West himself. It remains Tyga's only song to be released by GOOD or Interscope.

"Feel Me" entered the Bubbling Under Hot 100 at number four, narrowly entered the Canadian Hot 100, and marked West's first release following his November 2016 hospitalization.

BitchImTheShit2
Bitch I'm the Shit 2 (stylized as BitchImTheShit2) is the fifth studio album by American rapper Tyga. It was released on July 21, 2017 by Last Kings Records and Empire Distribution. It is the sequel to his 2011 mixtape, #BitchImTheShit. The album features guest appearances from Kanye West, Pusha T, Young Thug, Quavo, Chief Keef, Vince Staples, Ty Dolla Sign, A.E., and Honey Cocaine. The album narrowly entered the Billboard 200 and received mixed reviews.
Bargadwa Saif
Bargadwa is a village in Pachperwa block, Balrampur district, Uttar Pradesh, India.

In 2011, the total population of this village was 7130 (3746 males and 3384 females). There is one bank, Allahabad Bank, upon exiting this village.

Pachperwa
Pachperwa is a town and a nagar panchayat in Balrampur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Pachperwa is situated 54 km (34 mi) from district headquarters Balrampur and 200 km (120 mi) from state capital Lucknow. The National Highway 730 connected the town to district headquarters as well as other cities.
Arthur John Pressland
Arthur John Pressland FRSE (1865–1934) was a British educational theorist, linguist, schoolmaster and writer. He was for most of his life a mathematician but after Cambridge spent time in Germany and became a committed linguist and educational theorist, the author of a Royal Commission Report on Physical Training in Switzerland in 1902, the translator of Kerchensteiner’s Education for Citizenship in 1911 and the author of Education and Social Welfare in Switzerland in 1927.

Pressland’s obituary written by Sir Michael Sadler in The Times in 1934 stated that ‘Few men in England knew so much as he did about the educational experience of Switzerland, which has had repercussions in this country from the days of Pestalozzi and Emmanuel von Fellenberg to the publication in 1898 of Sir Robert Morant's Special Report on "The National Organization of Education of all grades as practised in Switzerland"’.

Edinburgh Academy
The Edinburgh Academy is a private day school in Edinburgh, Scotland, which was opened in 1824. The original building, on Henderson Row in Stockbridge, is now part of the Senior School. The Junior School is on Arboretum Road to the north of the city's Royal Botanic Garden.

In the latter half of the twentieth century there were many cases of physical and sexual abuse of pupils by Edinburgh Academy staff; in 2023 the Scottish Child Abuse Inquiry investigated numerous reports by ex-pupils of historical abuse by several staff; the Academy later issued an acknowledgement and apology. Several surviving staff member were found guilty in criminal trials, or Examinations of Facts ("trials of the facts") for those unfit to plead.
Ventura Unified School District
The Ventura Unified School District (VUSD) is a school district headquartered in Ventura, California, United States. The district serves K–12 students in Ventura and surrounding unincorporated communities of Ventura County, including Saticoy, Casitas Springs, Oak View, and La Conchita. As of the 2019–20 school year, VUSD enrollment numbered 16,353 students.

Ventura County, California
Ventura County (/vɛnˈtʊərə/ ⓘ) is a county located in the southern part of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 843,843. The largest city is Oxnard, California, and the county seat is the city of Ventura, California.

Ventura County comprises the Oxnard–Thousand Oaks–Ventura, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is part of the Greater Los Angeles area (Los Angeles–Long Beach, CA Combined Statistical Area). It is also considered the southernmost county along the California Central Coast.

Two of the Channel Islands are part of the county: Anacapa Island, which is the most visited island in Channel Islands National Park, and San Nicolas Island.
You Have to Be Beautiful
You Have to Be Beautiful (German: Schön muß man sein) is a 1951 German musical comedy film directed by Ákos Ráthonyi and starring Sonja Ziemann, Willy Fritsch and Anny Ondra. The film's sets were designed by art director Mathias Matthies. It was Ondra's final film apart from a brief cameo role in The Affairs of Julie.

It was made at the Wandsbek Studios of the Hamburg-based Real Film.

Willy Fritsch
Willy Fritsch (born Wilhelm Egon Fritz, 27 January 1901 – 13 July 1973) was a German Silesian theatre and film actor, a popular leading man and character actor from the silent-film era to the early 1960s.
Bloemhoek Dam
Bloemhoek Dam, is an earth-fill type dam located on a small river called Jordaan Spruit close to Kroonstad, Free State, province South Africa. It is part of the Vals River System. The Serfontein Dam, which is almost completely silted-up, releases water directly into the Vals River from where it is pumped into the Bloemhoek Dam, for supply to the urban area of Kroonstad. Its main purpose is for municipal and industrial use.

Vals River
The Vals River (Afrikaans: Valsrivier) is a tributary of the Vaal River in the Free State, South Africa. It is a strong seasonal river.

This river of the Middle Vaal System is a good place for fishing, especially the local Largemouth Yellowfish.
North Karelia
North Karelia (or Northern Karelia, Finnish: Pohjois-Karjala; Swedish: Norra Karelen) is a region in eastern Finland. It borders the regions of Kainuu, North Savo, South Savo and South Karelia, as well as Russia's Republic of Karelia. It is the easternmost region of Finland and shares a 300 kilometres (190 mi) border with Russia. The city of Joensuu is the capital and the largest settlement of the region.

North Karelia has successfully reduced chronic diseases through public health measures. In the 1960s Finland led industrialized nations in heart disease mortality rates; North Karelia had Finland's highest incidence. In 1972 a long-term project was undertaken which targeted this risk in North Karelia. The resulting improvement in public health is still considered remarkable, a model for the rest of the nation. North Karelia is also known as the most sociable region in Finland.

South Karelia
South Karelia (or Southern Karelia, Finnish: Etelä-Karjala; Swedish: Södra Karelen) is a region of Finland. It borders the regions of Kymenlaakso, South Savo and North Karelia, as well as Russia (Republic of Karelia and Leningrad Oblast).
Smoky Lake
Smoky Lake is a town in Central Alberta, Canada. It is located 116 km (72 mi) northeast of Edmonton at the junction of Highway 28 and Highway 855. It lies between the North Saskatchewan River, Smoky Creek, and White Earth Creek, in a mainly agricultural area. The provincial historic site of Victoria Settlement is nearby. Long Lake Provincial Park is located 60 km (37 mi) north of the town. The Woods Cree, a First Nations people, named "Smoking Lake" for the smoke from ceremonies performed on the shore; the name Smoky Lake may also be based on the mist that rose from the lake in great quantities at sundown. 
One of its churches, the St. Onuphrius Ukrainian-Catholic, built in 1907, has been moved to the Canadian Museum of History in Gatineau, Quebec. It is in Census Division No. 12 and is the municipal office for Smoky Lake County.

Alberta Highway 855
Alberta Provincial Highway No. 855 is a highway in the province of Alberta, Canada. It runs south–north from Highway 9 west of Hanna to Highway 55 and Highway 63 in Atmore. It provides access to rural areas, and is gravel at both its south and north ends. At 389 km (242 mi) it is the longest 500–986 series highway in Alberta.

It is also known as Lougheed Avenue in Heisler, 45 Street in Daysland, 54 Street in Holden, Sawchuk Street in Mundare, and 50 Street in Andrew and Smoky Lake.
George Dance the Younger
George Dance the Younger RA (1 April 1741 – 14 January 1825) was an English architect and surveyor as well as a portraitist.

The fifth and youngest son of the architect George Dance the Elder, he came from a family of architects, artists and dramatists. He was described by Sir John Summerson as "among the few really outstanding architects of the century", but few of his buildings remain.

St Luke's Hospital for Lunatics
St Luke's Hospital for Lunatics was founded in London in 1751 for the treatment of incurable pauper lunatics by a group of philanthropic apothecaries and others.  It was the second public institution in London created to look after mentally ill people, after the Hospital of St Mary of Bethlem (Bedlam), founded in 1246.
The Witching Hour (1921 film)
The Witching Hour is a 1921 American silent drama film directed by William Desmond Taylor and written by Julia Crawford Ivers, adapting the 1907 stage play by Augustus E. Thomas. The film stars Elliott Dexter, Winter Hall, Ruth Renick, Robert Cain, A. Edward Sutherland, Mary Alden, and F. A. Turner. The film was released on April 10, 1921, by Paramount Pictures.

This was one of three times that the 1907 stage play was adapted to film (including once in 1916), and according to critic Christopher Workman, was "the least interesting of the three film adaptations". A print of this film currently exists in the Library of Congress.

British-born actor A. Edward Sutherland starred in a number of silent films before moving to the United States where he became a director, working on such Hollywood films as Murders in the Zoo (1932), Beyond Tomorrow (1940) and The Invisible Woman (1940).

William Desmond Taylor
William Desmond Taylor (born William Cunningham Deane-Tanner; 26 April 1872 – 1 February 1922) was an Anglo-Irish-American film director and actor. A popular figure in the growing Hollywood motion picture colony of the 1910s and early 1920s, Taylor directed fifty-nine silent films between 1914 and 1922 and acted in twenty-seven between 1913 and 1915.

Taylor's murder on 1 February 1922, along with other Hollywood scandals such as the Roscoe Arbuckle trial, led to a frenzy of sensationalist and often fabricated newspaper reports. The murder remains an official cold case.
Powell House (Wake Forest, North Carolina)
Powell House is a historic plantation home located near Wake Forest, Wake County, North Carolina, USA. It was built about 1800, and is a large two-story, five-bay, Federal-style frame dwelling. The house has two one-story rear additions and exterior end chimneys. The front facade features a full height portico added about 1940.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.

Wake Forest, North Carolina
Wake Forest is a town in Wake and Franklin counties in the U.S. state of North Carolina. Located almost entirely in Wake County, it lies just north of the state capital, Raleigh. At the 2020 census, the population was 47,601, up from 30,117 in 2010. It is part of the Raleigh metropolitan area. Wake Forest was the original home of Wake Forest University for 122 years before it moved to Winston-Salem in 1956.
Beers and Sunshine
"Beers and Sunshine" is a song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Darius Rucker. It was released on August 6, 2020, as the only single from the compilation album #1's - Volume 1. It was later also included on his 2023 album, Carolyn's Boy.

Rucker performed the song live at the 54th Annual Country Music Association Awards, which he co-hosted with Reba McEntire. The music video premiered on November 5, 2020.

Carolyn's Boy
Carolyn's Boy is the eighth studio album and sixth in the country genre by American singer Darius Rucker. It was released on October 6, 2023, through Capitol Nashville. The album is dedicated to Rucker's mother Carolyn, who raised him and his siblings as a single mother and died before her son experienced success in the music industry. The album was preceded by the singles "Beers and Sunshine" and "Fires Don't Start Themselves".
Bye Now!
"Bye Now!" (stylised as BYE NOW!) is a song recorded by Japanese born-South Korean singer Iconiq, marketed as the lead single of her debut Studio album, Change Myself, released in March 2010.

It was widely played at radio stations during the album's release, peaking at #8 on the Billboard Japan Hot 100. The song was also included on her extended play Light Ahead in September 2010.

Lee Ahyumi
Lee Ayumi (born August 25, 1984), professionally known as Ayumi in South Korea and Yumi Itō in Japan, is a Japanese-born South Korean singer, actress, and television personality based in South Korea. She debuted under the stage name Ahyoomee in 2001 as the leader and lead vocalist of the South Korean girl group Sugar, a position she held until the group's disbandment in 2006.

Following the disbandment, Lee began a solo career in South Korea under SM Entertainment, releasing two digital singles. In 2008, she returned to Japan and began her acting career under the Japanese stage name Yumi Itō. The following year, she debuted as a solo singer in Japan under Avex's Rhythm Zone label, using the stage name Iconiq. As Iconiq, she released one studio album, one extended play, and seven digital singles.
Draupadi Ka Danda
Draupadi Ka Danda (English: Draupadi's Hill) are two peaks in the Gangotri range of Garhwal Himalaya in Uttarakhand, India. The Dokriani glacier emerges from the northern slope of the mountain.

The heights of the peaks are uncertain. In various literature, elevation has been reported as 5,670 metres, 5716m or sometimes above 6000m.

On the morning of 4 October 2022, a team of 41 climbers from Nehru Institute of Mountaineering attempting Draupadi Ka Danda II were hit by an avalanche a few hundred meters below the summit. The team comprised 34 advance mountaineering course trainees and seven instructors. The bodies of 27 climbers were recovered during rescue operations, but two mountaineers could not be found.

Nehru Institute of Mountaineering
The Nehru Institute of Mountaineering (NIM India) in Uttarkashi in Uttarakhand is an institute that was established on November 14, 1965. The institute was formed to honor the great desire of Jawahar Lal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India.
Oak Flat: A Fight for Sacred Land in the American West
Oak Flat: A Fight for Sacred Land in the American West is a 2020 graphic novel by Lauren Redniss. It describes a conflict between the San Carlos Apache tribe and Resolution Copper.

Redniss cited corporate and legal documents, anthropology statements, and other journalistic accounts. Apaches and White Americans generated interviews used for the book.

Lily Meyer, in a review for National Public Radio, stated that due to the scope the book covers, it "feels expansive." Eliza Griswold of The New York Times wrote that the book is "virtuosic".

Heidi MacDonald of Publishers Weekly wrote that the book has "precise, descriptive prose".

San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation
The San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation (Western Apache: Tsékʼáádn), in southeastern Arizona, United States, was established in 1872 as a reservation for the Chiricahua Apache tribe as well as surrounding Yavapai and Apache bands removed from their original homelands under a strategy devised by General George Crook of setting the various Apache tribes against one another. Once nicknamed "Hell's Forty Acres" during the late 19th century due to poor health and environmental conditions, modern San Carlos Apaches operate a Chamber of Commerce, the Apache Gold and Apache Sky Casinos, a Language Preservation program, a Culture Center, and a Tribal College.
Aqualung (song)
"Aqualung" is a song by the British progressive rock band Jethro Tull, and the title track from their Aqualung (1971) album. The song was written by the band's frontman, Ian Anderson, and his then-wife Jennie Franks.

While this track was never a single, its self-titled album Aqualung was Jethro Tull's first American top 10 album, reaching number seven in June 1971. After "Locomotive Breath", it is the song most often played in concert by Jethro Tull.

Martin Barre
Martin Lancelot Barre (/bɑːr/; born 17 November 1946) is an English guitarist.  He was lead guitarist of British rock band Jethro Tull, with whom he recorded and toured from 1968 until the band's initial dissolution in 2011. Barre played on all of Jethro Tull's studio albums from their 1969 album Stand Up (replacing Mick Abrahams, who played on their first album) to their 2003 album The Jethro Tull Christmas Album. In the early 1990s he began a solo career, and he has recorded several albums as well as touring with his own live band.

He has also played the flute and other instruments such as the mandolin, both on stage for Jethro Tull and in his own solo work.
Freeheat
Freeheat are a British indie rock band formed by Jim Reid and Ben Lurie of The Jesus and Mary Chain and Romi Mori and Nick Sanderson of The Gun Club.

After releasing an EP, Don't Worry Be Happy (later released with a bonus track as Retox), their debut album, Back on the Water was released, after several delays, on 13 June 2006, on Planting Seeds Records, a label mostly known for indie pop recordings.

Jim Reid has also continued recording and touring under his own name, both solo, and with his sister's act, Sister Vanilla.

The band's 2006 album, Back on the Water, received a rating score of six from PopMatters.

Nick Sanderson
Nick Sanderson (22 April 1961 – 8 June 2008) was an English musician, most famous for being the front man in Earl Brutus, and a short-term member of the Scottish alternative rock band the Jesus and Mary Chain.