hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mangalia
Mangalia (Romanian pronunciation: [maŋˈɡali.a] ⓘ, Turkish: Mankalya), ancient Callatis (Greek: Κάλλατις/Καλλατίς; other historical names: Pangalia, Panglicara, Tomisovara), is a city and a port on the coast of the Black Sea in the south-east of Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania.

The municipality of Mangalia also administers several summertime seaside resorts: Cap Aurora, Jupiter, Neptun, Olimp, Saturn, and Venus.

Tatars of Romania
The Tatars of Romania, Tatars of Dobruja or Dobrujan Tatars are a Turkic ethnic group that have been present in Romania since the 13th century. According to the 2011 census, 20,282 people declared themselves as Tatar, most of them being Crimean Tatars and living in Constanța County.  But according to the Democratic Union of Tatar Turkic Muslims of Romania there are 50,000 Tatars in Romania. They are one of the main components of the Muslim community in Romania.
Lawrenceville, Virginia
Lawrenceville is a town in Brunswick County, Virginia, United States. Per the 2020 census, the population was 1,014. Located by the Meherrin River, it is the county seat of Brunswick County. In colonial times, Lieutenant Governor Alexander Spotswood had a stockade built nearby, called Fort Christanna, where converted Native American allies were housed and educated.

Saint Paul's College, a historically black college affiliated with the Episcopal Church, was founded here in 1888. It operated until 2013.

Lumber, tobacco, livestock, and other farm products are grown in the area. In a county along the southern border of the state, the town is near the northernmost area for cotton growing.

Fort Christanna
Fort Christanna was one of the projects of Lt. Governor Alexander Spotswood, who was governor of the Virginia Colony 1710–1722. When Fort Christanna opened in 1714, Capt. Robert Hicks was named captain of the fort and relocated his family to the area. His homestead Hicks' Ford is located near the municipality of Emporia in Greensville County, VA. The fort was designed to offer protection and schooling to the tributary Siouan and Iroquoian tribes living to the southwest of the colonized area of Virginia. Located in what became Brunswick County, Virginia, near Gholsonville, the fort was completed in 1714 and enjoyed three successful years of operation as the westernmost outpost of the British Empire at the time, before being finally closed by the House of Burgesses in 1718.  However, the Saponi and Tutelo continued to live on the allotted land, 6 miles square (36 sq. mi), into the 1730s and 1740s. It is now a Brunswick County park, and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Stamford Mercury
The Stamford Mercury (also the Lincoln, Rutland and Stamford Mercury, the Rutland and Stamford Mercury, and the Rutland Mercury) based in Stamford, Lincolnshire, England, claims to be "Britain's oldest continuously published newspaper title", although this is disputed by Berrow's Worcester Journal which was established in 1690 and The London Gazette first published in 1665. The Mercury has been published since 1712 but its masthead formerly claimed it was established in 1695 and still has "Britain's Oldest Newspaper".

Three editions (Stamford and The Deepings, Rutland, and Bourne) are published every Friday. The ABC circulation figure in 2011 was 16,675.

Stamford, Lincolnshire
Stamford is a market town and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. The population at the 2011 census was 19,701 and estimated at 20,645 in 2019. The town has 17th- and 18th-century stone buildings, older timber-framed buildings and five medieval parish churches.

Stamford is a frequent film location. In 2013 it was rated a top place to live in a survey by The Sunday Times. Its name has been passed on to Stamford, Connecticut, founded in 1641.
Al-Musta'sim
Abu Ahmad Abdallah ibn al-Mustansir bi'llah (Arabic: أبو أحمد عبد الله بن المستنصر بالله), better known by his regnal title Al-Mustaʿṣim bi-llāh (Arabic: المستعصم بالله;‎ 1213 – 20 February 1258), was the 37th and last caliph from the Abbasid dynasty ruling from Baghdad. He held the title from 1242 until his death in 1258.

Abbasid dynasty
The Abbasid dynasty, or Abbasids, (Arabic: بنو العباس, romanized: Banu al-ʿAbbās) was an Arab dynasty that ruled the third Islamic caliphate between 750 and 1258. They were from the Qurayshi Hashimid clan of Banu Abbas, descended from Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib. The Abbasid Caliphate is divided into three main periods: Early Abbasid era (750–861), Middle Abbasid era (861–936) and Later Abbasid era (936–1258). A cadet branch of the dynasty also ruled as ceremonial rulers for the Mamluk Sultanate (1261–1517) until their conquest by the Ottoman Empire.
Adult Beginners
Adult Beginners is a 2014 American comedy drama film directed by Ross Katz and written by Jeff Cox and Liz Flahive based on a story by Nick Kroll. The film stars Rose Byrne, Kroll, Bobby Cannavale, and Joel McHale.

RADiUS-TWC acquired the North American distribution rights of the film during its premiere at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival. The film was released in  a limited release in theatres and VOD on April 24, 2015.

Liz Flahive
Liz Flahive is an American playwright, television producer and writer. Beginning her career as a playwright, Flahive wrote two plays, From Up Here and The Madrid. She acted as a producer, executive story editor, and writer on Nurse Jackie, as well as a producer and writer for Homeland. She later co-created, executive produced, and wrote the Netflix comedy GLOW, for which she was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series in 2018. She also co-wrote the film Adult Beginners and helped write the Marvel film Captain Marvel.
Graph bandwidth
In graph theory, the graph bandwidth problem may be visualized as placing the vertices of a given graph at distinct integer positions along the number line so that the length of the longest edge is minimized. Such placement is called linear graph arrangement, linear graph layout or linear graph placement.
It may be formalized as labeling the  vertices  of a graph  with distinct integers  so that the quantity  is minimized, where  is the edge set of .

The weighted graph bandwidth problem is a generalization wherein the edges are assigned weights  and the cost function to be minimized is the product of weight with length, .

In terms of matrices, the (unweighted) graph bandwidth is the minimal bandwidth of a symmetric matrix which is an adjacency matrix of the graph.
The bandwidth may also be defined as one less than the maximum clique size in a proper interval supergraph of the given graph, chosen to minimize its clique size.

Indifference graph
In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, an indifference graph is an undirected graph constructed by assigning a real number to each vertex and connecting two vertices by an edge when their numbers are within one unit of each other. An indifference graph is also the intersection graph of a set of unit intervals, or of properly nested intervals (intervals none of which contains any other one). Based on these two types of interval representations, these graphs are also called unit interval graphs or proper interval graphs; they form a subclass of the interval graphs.
Punniya Boomi
Punniya Boomi (transl. Sacred land) is a 1978 Indian Tamil-language film, directed by K. Vijayan and written by Sakthi T. K. Krishnasamy. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan and Vanisri, with Sangeeta, Bhavani, M. N. Nambiar and V. K. Ramasamy in supporting roles. It is a remake of the 1957 Hindi film Mother India, which was previously remade in Telugu in 1971 as Bangaru Thalli. The film was released on 12 May 1978.

Sakthi T. K. Krishnasamy
Sakthi T. K. Krishnasamy (11 March 1913 – 8 November 1987) was a veteran author and director of Indian Tamil dramas, celebrated screenwriter and lyricist in Tamil films from the 1940s through the 1970s. His stories, screenplay and dialogues were written mostly for films starring M. G. Ramachandran and Sivaji Ganesan. He authored historical, mythological and social Tamil films spanning over three decades. He was considered a pioneer of early Tamil stage dramas, and one of the best and most acclaimed film script writers of Tamil cinema, being hailed as such by popular screenwriters and political leaders like C. N. Annadurai and M. Karunanidhi. His most acclaimed works are Veerapandiya Kattabomman and Karnan.
2003 All-Ireland Senior Ladies' Football Championship final
The 2003 TG4 All-Ireland Senior Ladies' Football Championship Final featured Mayo and Dublin. Mayo defeated Dublin in a low scoring game. Mayo retained the title, winning their fourth final in five years, while Dublin were making  their debut appearance. Dublin led 0–4 to 0–2 at half-time. Two minutes from full-time Mayo trailed Dublin by a point. However the match was decided thanks to a late goal from Player of the Match, Diane O'Hora. Cora Staunton dropped a last-minute long range free-kick into the square. The Dublin goalkeeper, Clíodhna O'Connor, failed to gain control of the ball, allowing O'Hora to score. 
 In July 2003, Aisling McGing, a member of Mayo's 2002 winning team, was killed in a car crash. She was travelling to watch her two sisters, Michelle and Sharon McGing, play for Mayo against Galway in a Connacht Championship game. Just three months later, Michelle and Sharon McGing played for Mayo in the All-Ireland final.

Mayo county ladies' football team
The Mayo county ladies' football team represents Mayo in amateur ladies' Gaelic football. The team competes in inter-county competitions such as the All-Ireland TG4 Senior Ladies Championship and the Lidl Ladies National Football League as a member of the Ladies Gaelic Football Association.

Mayo are the fifth most successful team in the championship of all time, with four wins, and fifth most successful in the League of all time, with three wins. The late 1990s and early 2000s, when Mayo won four All-Ireland Championships in five years, is considered the "golden era" of ladies' football in Mayo. Mayo last won a major title in 2007, defeating Galway in Division 1 of the National Football League, and last won silverware in 2023, also defeating Galway in the Connacht championship.
Thore Torkildsen Foss
Thore Torkildsen Foss (10 September 1841 – 8 February 1913) was a Norwegian politician for the Liberal Party.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from the Lister og Mandal constituency in 1889, and was re-elected seven consecutive times. He died shortly after his last re-election, and was replaced by Andreas Kaddeland.

Born in Bjelland, he was a member of Bjelland municipal council from 1873 to 1901, serving as mayor for twenty-three years. The exact years are unknown. From 1885 to 1896 he was a member of the county committee, a forerunner of the county council.

He worked as a teacher from 1858 to 1866, and then as a farmer in Bjelland. In addition he served on local public committees.

Bjelland
Bjelland is a village in Lindesnes municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the river Mandalselva, about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southeast of the village of Byremo (in Lyngdal) and about 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) west of the village of Hægeland (in Vennesla). The village was the administrative centre of the old municipality of Bjelland which existed from 1902 until 1964. The village is the site of Bjelland Church.
Villemer, Yonne
Villemer (French pronunciation: [vilmɛʁ] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Valravillon.

Valravillon
Valravillon (French pronunciation: [valʁavijɔ̃]) is a commune in the Yonne department of central France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 by merger of the former communes of Guerchy, Laduz, Neuilly and Villemer.
Estève Garcin
Estève Garcin (in French Étienne Garcin, born 16 April 1784 – died 23 November 1859 in Draguignan) was an Occitan language writer from Provence.

Garcin was a teacher and political monarchist who is the author of two major works:

La Roubinsouna Prouvençalo (La Robinsona porvençala in classical Occitan) is a very important novel in Occitan literature which was written in the provençal dialect from the Var department. The novel deals with a group of Provençal who reconstruct their civilization after a shipwreck on an island in the Pacific Ocean.

A French and Provençal dictionary that aimed to help Occitan speakers to switch to French.

It has been noted that these works are contradictory in nature given that one strengthens the Occitan literature and language by providing it with a novel, while the second is a tool that explicitly aims at helping Occitan readers switch to French.

Draguignan
Draguignan (French: [dʁaɡiɲɑ̃]; Occitan: Draguinhan) is a commune in the Var department in the administrative region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur (formerly Provence), southeastern France.

Draguignan was founded in antiquity. The city stands out because of its long history and great location, just 25 km (16 mi) from the Mediterranean Sea and nestled between the French Riviera and the Verdon Regional Natural Park. The city is  42 km (26 mi) from Saint-Tropez, and 80 km (50 mi) from Nice. Its population is approximately 40,000. Additionally, the city serves as the administrative center of the Dracénie Provence Verdon urban community, which includes twenty-three municipalities and more than 110,000 residents.

The city is currently home to two military schools, the Infantry School and the Artillery School.
Michelle Lovretta
Michelle Lovretta is a Canadian television writer and producer best known as the creator and executive producer of the television series Lost Girl and Killjoys. She has also written for Instant Star, Relic Hunter, Mutant X and The Secret Circle.

She was nominated for a Gemini Award in 2011 for Best Writing in a Dramatic Series for Lost Girl, and also in 2006 for Best Writing in a Dramatic Program or Mini-Series for the made-for-TV movie Hunt for Justice. In 2018 she was nominated for an Aurora Award for Best Visual Presentation for Killjoys Season 3.

Lovretta sold a feature film script called The Fishing Trip when she was 21 and in a screenwriting course at York University. She was selected to be a resident in a TV training program offered by the Canadian Film Centre and run by Norman Jewison in 1999 to teach people how to write for television. At the end of the residency her script for a program called Sherpa Love was purchased by CBC.

Killjoys
Killjoys is a Canadian space adventure drama television series that aired on Space (now CTV Sci-Fi) in Canada. Primarily a science fiction series, Killjoys follows a trio of hard-living bounty hunters—Dutch (Hannah John-Kamen), Johnny (Aaron Ashmore), and D'avin (Luke Macfarlane).

The series ran for five seasons, ending in 2019. It was officially ordered to series on October 7, 2013, with a 10-episode pick-up. In April 2014, it was announced that Syfy would co-produce the series, and the first season premiered June 19, 2015. In September 2017, Syfy renewed the series for a fourth and a fifth season, each to consist of 10 episodes. The fifth and final season premiered July 19, 2019, and concluded on September 20, 2019.

Throughout its run, the series received generally positive reviews and was nominated for several accolades, including two Canadian Screen Awards nominations and three Prix Aurora Awards nominations.
Sassofeltrio
Sassofeltrio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Rimini in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 145 kilometres (90 mi) southeast of Bologna and about 21 kilometres (13 mi) south of Rimini.

On June 24-25, 2007, Sassofeltrio, alongside the nearby comune of Montecopiolo, voted in a referendum to detach from neighboring Province of Pesaro and Urbino in Marche region in favor of Province of Rimini in Emilia-Romagna, it came into effect 14 years later on June 17, 2021.

Sassofeltrio borders the following municipalities: Chiesanuova (San Marino), Faetano (San Marino), Fiorentino (San Marino), Gemmano, Mercatino Conca, Montegiardino (San Marino), Monte Grimano, Montescudo, San Leo, Verucchio.

Montescudo
Montescudo is a frazione and former comune (municipality) in the Province of Rimini in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) southeast of Bologna and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) south of Rimini.

Montescudo borders the following municipalities: Coriano, Faetano (San Marino), Gemmano, Monte Colombo, Sassofeltrio.
Broken Bones (song)
"Broken Bones" is the debut single of Canadian Eurodance group Love Inc., featuring vocals by Simone Denny. It was released in November 1997 as the first single from the album Love Inc. and as a cut on the Club Cutz 3 compilation released by RCA Records in the United States.

"Broken Bones" was one of the most played songs on Canadian radio in 1998, reaching the top spot on the RPM Dance chart, No. 6 on the Canadian Singles Chart, and No. 23 on the RPM 100 Hit Tracks chart. The song's video helped the act win a Best Video and Best Dance Video award at the 1998 MuchMusic Video Awards. and the song itself would give the act a Juno Award for Best Dance Recording at the Juno Awards of 1999. Outside Canada, the song reached No. 52 on Australia's ARIA Singles Chart in July 1999 and No. 8 on the UK Singles Chart in May 2003.

The lyrics discuss selling drugs. The song was prominently sampled in Canadian rapper Belly's 2011 single "Purple Drugs."

Simone Denny
Simone Andrea Denny is a Canadian singer and songwriter. She is best known as a vocalist with the dance music groups, BKS, Love Inc. and Widelife, appearing most prominently on the hit dance singles "Broken Bones", "You're a Superstar", and "All Things (Just Keep Getting Better)".
K. P. Sharma Oli
Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli (born 22 February 1952) is a Nepalese politician who served as the 38th prime minister of Nepal. He is the chairman of the CPN (UML) since 2014. Oli was Member of Parliament from 2017 to 2025. Oli's tenure in office has been controversial for frequent use of tongue-in-cheek remarks, hostility towards critics and the media, and accusations of fostering cronyism, corruption, nepotism and racism. After his government killed students during the anti-corruption Gen Z protests, he was overthrown from his post in government.

Oli opposed the 2015 blockade of Nepal by India. He strengthened relations with China as an alternative to Nepal's traditionally close trade ties with India.

Kuthi Valley
Kuthi Valley (or Kuti Valley) is a Himalayan valley situated in the Pithoragarh District, Kumaon division of the Uttarakhand state of India. Located in the eastern part of Uttarakhand at an elevation of 12,300 feet (3,700 m), it is the last valley before the border with Tibet. It runs along a northwest–southeast axis, and houses  the river Kuthi Yankti, which drains into the Kali River near the village of Gunji.

In May 2020, Nepal laid claim to the northeastern half of the valley, claiming that Kuthi Yanki represented the Kali River and it was meant to be Nepal's border as per the 1816 Sugauli Treaty. It has also published a new map of its territories including the Kuthi Valley. India rejected the Nepalese claims.

This Kuthi valley is mainly populated by Byansis, one of the four Bhotiya communities of Kumaon, with the others being Johar, Darmiya and Chaudansi.
Ijūin Tadaaki
Ijuin Tada'aki(伊集院忠朗; 1520–1561) was a retainer of the Japanese Shimazu clan during the Sengoku period of Japan. Under Tada'aki, the Ijuin clan rose to prominence as one of the most important vassals of the Shimazu clan.

He served under Shimazu Tadayoshi and Shimazu Takahisa, who were essential in uniting the Shimazu clan. Tada'aki had his troops use matchlock guns at the Siege of Kajiki in 1549.  This was the first use of firearms by the Shimazu army.  He also fought in battles against the Ito clan and Kimotsuki clan, and at the Siege of Iwatsurugi in 1554. For these and other contributions and services, he held the post of the top karō until 1556 and governed as the top official of the clan.

While having a party with Kimotsuki Kanetsugu in 1561, Tada'aki offended Kanetsugu so badly that the humiliated Kanetsugu started a war that the Shimazu clan wanted all along.

Siege of Iwatsurugi Castle
The siege of Iwatsurugi Castle was fought in 1554 near Kagoshima Bay at the southern end of the island of Kyushu, Japan. The siege was just one of a number of military actions that Shimazu Takahisa had to take against his rebellious kokujin vassals in the Ito and Kimotsuki clans.

Iwatsurugi Castle was a castle near the coast of Kagoshima Bay, in the vicinity of modern-day Shigetomi Beach, in what is now Aira, Kagoshima. During the siege, Ijuin Tadaaki, one of the Shimazu generals, maneuvered five ships to within range and proceeded with an offshore bombardment of the enemy garrison, a few of whom were killed. The siege lasted a few weeks until the castle fell.
Landric
Landric (or Landeric, French: Landry, † 613) was the mayor of the palace of Neustria. According to the Vita Aldegundis, he and his probable brother Gundoland were uncles of Saint Aldegunda. The chief sources for his reign are the Chronicle of Fredegar and the Liber Historiae Francorum.

Landric was a supporter of Fredegund in her conflict with Brunhilda. He fought for her at Brinnacum, an unknown location, against Childebert II soon after the latter's succession to Burgundy in 592.

In 604, he is recorded as maior domus in Neustria for the first time. In that year, he and Merovech, son of Clotaire II, were sent by Clotaire to attack Berthoald, the Burgundian mayor. They were defeated and Merovech captured. Landric was succeeded as mayor by Gundoland.

Neustria
Neustria was the western part of the Kingdom of the Franks during the Early Middle Ages, in contrast to the eastern Frankish sub-kingdom, Austrasia. It initially included land between the Loire and the Silva Carbonaria, in the north of present-day France, with Paris, Orléans, Tours, Soissons as its main cities.

The same term later referred to a smaller region between the Seine and the Loire rivers known as the regnum Neustriae, a constituent subkingdom of the Carolingian Empire and then West Francia. The Carolingian kings also created a March of Neustria which was a frontier duchy against the Bretons and Vikings that lasted until the Capetian monarchy in the late 10th century, when the term was eclipsed as a European political or geographical term.
Anson High School (Texas)
Anson High School is a public high school located in Anson, Texas and classified as a 3A school by the UIL. It is part of the Anson Independent School District and located in central Jones County. In 2015, the school was rated "Met Standard" by the Texas Education Agency.

Anson, Texas
Anson is a city in and the county seat of Jones County, Texas, United States. The population was 2,294 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Abilene, Texas metropolitan area. Originally named "Jones City", the town was renamed "Anson" in 1882 in honor of Anson Jones, the last president of the Republic of Texas.
Charles Tertius Mander
Sir Charles Tertius Mander, 1st Baronet JP, DL, TD (16 July 1852 – 8 April 1929) was a Midland manufacturer (and as such Royal Warrant holder), philanthropist and public servant, of Wolverhampton, England.

Mander Brothers
Mander Brothers was a major employer in the city of Wolverhampton, in the English Midlands, a progressive company founded in 1773. In the 19th century the firm became the number one manufacturers of varnishes, paints and later printing inks in the British Empire. In the twentieth century it developed its product range in industrial coatings and inks, as well as commercial property.