hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sallowsprings
Sallowsprings is a 1.3-hectare (3.2-acre) nature reserve in Whipsnade in Bedfordshire. It is managed by the Wildlife Trust for Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Northamptonshire.

This site was formerly a caravan park, and it is now a traditional hay meadow. A rich variety of flowers includes common knapweed, bluebells and cowslips. An ancient hedgerow has a variety of shrubs such as holly.

There is access from the road called Sallowsprings.

Whipsnade
Whipsnade is a small village and civil parish in Bedfordshire, England. It lies on the eastward tail spurs of the Chiltern Hills, about 2+1⁄2 miles (4.0 km) south-south-west of Dunstable on the top of the Dunstable Downs, which drop away steeply to the south of the village.
Sulfometuron methyl
Sulfometuron methyl is an organic compound used as an herbicide.  It is classed as a sulfonylurea. It functions via the inhibition of the enzyme acetolactate synthase, which catalyzes the first step in biosynthesis of the branched-chain amino acids valine, leucine, and isoleucine.

Sulfometuron methyl's HRAC classification is Group B (global, Aus), Group 2 (numeric), as it inhibits acetohydroxyacid synthase.

Sulfonylurea
Sulfonylureas or sulphonylureas are a class of organic compounds used in medicine and agriculture. The functional group consists of a sulfonyl group (-S(=O)2) with its sulphur atom bonded to a nitrogen atom of a ureylene group (N,N-dehydrourea, a dehydrogenated derivative of urea). The side chains R1 and R2 distinguish various sulfonylureas.  Sulfonylureas are the most widely used herbicide.
Saint-Césaire
Saint-Césaire (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ sezɛʁ]) is a commune in the Charente-Maritime department, administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine (before 2015: Poitou-Charentes), southwestern France. In the 1970s, a Neanderthal skeleton was found near Saint-Césaire.

Charente-Maritime
Charente-Maritime (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁɑ̃t maʁitim] ⓘ; Poitevin-Saintongeais: Chérente-Marine; Occitan: Charanta Maritima) is a department in the French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine, on the country's west coast. Named after the river Charente, its prefecture is La Rochelle. As of 2019, it had a population of 651,358 with an area of 6,864 square kilometres (2,650 sq mi).
2013 Fordham Rams football team
The 2013 Fordham Rams football team represented Fordham University as a member of the Patriot League during the 2013 NCAA Division I FCS football season. Led by second-year head coach Joe Moorhead, the Rams compiled an overall record of 12–2. Fordham was not eligible for the Patriot League championship because the program used scholarship players while the rest of the league's members did not. The team's official conference record was 0–0. Though ineligible for the conference title, Fordham finished the regular season at 11–1 and earned an at-large bid to the NCAA Division I Football Championship playoffs, where the Rams defeated Sacred Heart in the first round before losing to Towson in the second round. Fordham finished the season ranked ninth in the Sports Network Poll, the highest final ranking for the program at the NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) level. The team played home games at Coffey Field in The Bronx.

2013 Sacred Heart Pioneers football team
The 2013 Sacred Heart Pioneers football team represented Sacred Heart University as a member of the Northeast Conference (NEC) during the 2013 NCAA Division I FCS football season. Led by second-year head coach Mark Nofri, the Pioneers compiled an overall record of 10–3 with a mark of 4–2 in conference play, sharing the NEC title with Duquesne. Due to a head-to-head win the Duquesne, Sacred Heart earned the conference's automatic bid to the NCAA Division I Football Championship playoffs. The Pioneers made the first playoff appearance in program history, losing in the first round to Fordham. The team played home games at Campus Field in Fairfield, Connecticut.
Burke ministry (Western Australia)
The Burke Ministry was the 29th Ministry of the Government of Western Australia, led by Labor Premier Brian Burke and deputy Mal Bryce. It commenced on 25 February 1983, six days after the O'Connor ministry, led by Premier Ray O'Connor of the Liberal Party, was defeated at the 1983 election. It was followed by the Dowding Ministry upon Burke's retirement as Premier on 25 February 1988.

Most of its members followed on from the Burke shadow ministry which had functioned since September 1981.

Burke shadow ministry
The Burke shadow ministry was a Shadow Cabinet led by the Opposition Leader and leader of the Labor Party, Brian Burke, in the Parliament of Western Australia. While serving no formal status—only the Leader and Deputy Leader received remuneration for their role over and above that of a Member of Parliament—it was intended to improve the effectiveness of the Opposition by providing an alternative Ministry to voters, consisting of shadow ministers who could ask role-specific questions in parliament, provide comment to the media and offer alternative policies to the government in their areas of responsibility.

The Burke shadow ministry existed from September 1981, after Burke's party-room defeat of then leader Ron Davies, until the 1983 state election at which Labor entered government and formed the Burke Ministry.

The governing Ministries at the time were the Court Ministry and the O'Connor Ministry.
Ayan, Russia
Ayan (Russian: Аян) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Ayano-Maysky District of Khabarovsk Krai, Russia, located on the shore of a well-protected bay of the Sea of Okhotsk, 1,447 kilometers (899 mi) from Khabarovsk and 631 kilometers (392 mi) by sea from Nikolayevsk-on-Amur. Population:  967 (2010 Census); 1,325 (2002 Census); 2,039 (1989 Soviet census).

Sea of Okhotsk
The Sea of Okhotsk is a marginal sea of the northwestern Pacific Ocean. It is located between Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, Japan's island of Hokkaido on the south, the island of Sakhalin along the west, and a stretch of eastern Siberian coast along the west and north. Its northeast corner is the Shelikhov Gulf. The sea is named for the port of Okhotsk, itself named for the Okhota River.
Leszek Pękala
Leszek Pękala (born 30 May 1952 in Złotoryja) is a former officer of the Milicji Obywatelskiej and a former officer (with the rank of lieutenant) in the Security Service of the Polish People's Republic. After the assassination of Father Jerzy Popiełuszko, chaplain of the Warsaw Solidarity movement, he was found guilty of murder by the court, sentenced to 15 years' imprisonment, and demoted to the rank of private.

Jerzy Popiełuszko
Jerzy Aleksander Popiełuszko (Polish pronunciation: [ˈjɛʐɨ a.lɛkˈsan.dɛr popʲɛˈwuʂkɔ] born Alfons Popiełuszko; 14 September 1947 – 19 October 1984) was a Polish Roman Catholic priest who became associated with the opposition Solidarity trade union in communist Poland. He was murdered in 1984 by three agents of the Security Service, who were shortly thereafter tried and convicted of the murder.

Father Jerzy has been recognized as a martyr by the Roman Catholic Church and was beatified on 6 June 2010 by Cardinal Angelo Amato on behalf of Pope Benedict XVI. An alleged miracle attributed to his intercession, which could lead to his canonization, is now under investigation.
Worthington, Ohio
Worthington is a city in Franklin County, Ohio, United States, and is a northern suburb of Columbus. The population in the 2020 census was 14,786. The city was founded in 1803 by the Scioto Company led by James Kilbourne, who was later elected to the United States House of Representatives, and named in honor of Thomas Worthington, who later became governor of Ohio.

Ohio State Route 161
State Route 161 (SR 161) is an east–west state highway in central Ohio. Its western terminus is in Mutual at State Route 29 and its eastern terminus is near Alexandria at State Route 37. It is 57.46 miles (92.47 km) long. State Route 161 passes through the northern parts of Columbus, Ohio's state capital, and a variety of towns including Plain City, Dublin, and New Albany.

The route was established in 1924 to connect Plain City and Dublin. It was later expanded to cover Mutual and Granville. Parts of SR 161 in Dublin and New Albany were upgraded to a freeway in 1969 and 1997.
JR Ewing (band)
JR Ewing was a hardcore punk/screamo band from Norway. It was formed in 1998 in Oslo and broke up after its final tour across Europe in 2005.

Musician Laurent Barnard of Gallows has named JR Ewing as an influence, calling them the "epitome of cool" and characterising their sound as "sophisticated yet raw". Barnard writes, "JR Ewing produced this misshaped aggressive noise and fashioned it into a glorious, hammering wall of sound."

Screamo
Screamo (also referred to as skramz) is a subgenre of emo that emerged in the early 1990s and emphasizes "willfully experimental dissonance and dynamics". San Diego–based bands Heroin and Antioch Arrow pioneered the genre in the early 1990s, and it was developed in the late 1990s mainly by bands from the East Coast of the United States such as Pg. 99, Orchid, Saetia, and I Hate Myself. Screamo is strongly influenced by hardcore punk and characterized by the use of screamed vocals. Lyrical themes usually include emotional pain, death, romance, and human rights. The term "screamo" has frequently been mistaken as referring to any music with screaming.
Endomorphism
In abstract algebra, an endomorphism is a homomorphism from a mathematical object to itself. More generally in category theory, an endomorphism is a morphism from a category of objects to itself. An endomorphism that is also an isomorphism is an automorphism. For example, an endomorphism of a vector space V is a linear map f: V → V, and an endomorphism of a group G is a group homomorphism f: G → G.

In general, we can talk about endomorphisms in any category. In the category of sets, endomorphisms are functions from a set S to itself.

In any category, the composition of any two endomorphisms of X is again an endomorphism of X.  It follows that the set of all endomorphisms of X forms a monoid, the full transformation monoid, and denoted End(X) (or EndC(X) to emphasize the category C).

Transformation semigroup
In algebra, a transformation semigroup (or composition semigroup) is a collection of transformations (functions from a set to itself) that is closed under function composition. If it includes the identity function, it is a monoid, called a transformation (or composition) monoid. This is the semigroup analogue of a permutation group.

A transformation semigroup of a set has a tautological semigroup action on that set. Such actions are characterized by being faithful, i.e., if two elements of the semigroup have the same action, then they are equal.

An analogue of Cayley's theorem shows that any semigroup can be realized as a transformation semigroup of some set.

In automata theory, some authors use the term transformation semigroup to refer to a semigroup acting faithfully on a set of "states" different from the semigroup's base set. There is a correspondence between the two notions.
Battle of Altimarlach
The Battle of Altimarlach was a Scottish clan battle that took place on 13 July 1680, near Wick, Caithness, Scotland. It was fought in a dispute between Sir John Campbell of Glenorchy and George Sinclair of Keiss over who had the right to the title and lands of the Earl of Caithness. The battle was fought between men of the Clan Campbell and Clan Sinclair. Campbell of Glenorchy won a decisive victory in the battle, but Sinclair of Keiss later turned to the law and was awarded the title of Earl of Caithness.

John Campbell, 1st Earl of Breadalbane and Holland
John Campbell, 1st Earl of Breadalbane and Holland (1636 – 19 March 1717), known as Sir John Campbell, 5th Baronet from 1670 to 1681, was a Scottish politician. Heavily involved in the Glorious Revolution and Jacobite risings, he was known as "Slippery John". An astutely political man, Campbell was one of the men implicated in the Massacre of Glencoe.
Ed Daein Airport
Ed Daein Airport, also known as El Daein Airport (IATA: ADV, ICAO: HSDI) is an airport serving the city of Ed Daein, the capital of the East Darfur state of Sudan. It is located 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) south of the city.

Ed Daein
Ed Daein (also spelt Ad Du'ayn, Ad Da'en or El Da'ein; Arabic: الضعين) is a city located in southwestern Sudan. It lies about 831 km from the capital Khartoum and has population of about 300,000 people.

Ed Daein is the capital of the state of East Darfur, created in January 2012, and is located at the crossroads of the states of the Darfur region and Khartoum. It is located 157.4 km away from the city of Nyala in South Darfur and 180.6 km from Al Mijlad in South Kordofan.
Herrenhausen Palace
Herrenhausen Palace (German: Schloss Herrenhausen) is a former royal summer residence of the House of Hanover in the Herrenhausen district of the German city of Hanover. It is the centrepiece of Herrenhausen Gardens.  Sophia of Hanover oversaw the development of the estate in the late 1600s.

The 17th century palace was destroyed by a Royal Air Force bombing raid in 1943 during World War II and reconstructed between 2009 and 2013. Today it houses a museum, a division of the Historisches Museum Hannover, and exhibition space.

Herrenhausen-Stöcken
Herrenhausen-Stöcken (German pronunciation: [ˈhɛʁənˌhaʊzn̩ ˈʃtœkn̩] ⓘ; Eastphalian: Herrnhusen) is a borough of the German city of Hanover, northwest of the city centre. In 2020 it had a population of 37,543. It consists of the quarters Burg, Herrenhausen, Ledeburg, Leinhausen, Marienwerder and Stöcken.

Industries include Johnson Controls (spun off from VARTA) and Herrenhäuser Brewery founded in 1868. Places of worship include the Herrenhäuser Kirche.
David Alexander (director)
David Alexander (December 23, 1914 – March 6, 1983) was an American television director. He directed episodes of the CBS series The Best of Broadway and several popular 1960s television shows, including: My Favorite Martian, Petticoat Junction, Get Smart, The Munsters, F Troop and The Brady Bunch. He also directed two episodes of Star Trek: The Original Series: "Plato's Stepchildren" and "The Way to Eden".

On Broadway, he directed the 1952 revival of the musical Pal Joey. This production had the longest run of any revival of a musical in the history of the Broadway theatre at the time. In the previous year, he was the director of the Broadway production of The King of Friday's Men (1951).

Pal Joey (musical)
Pal Joey is a 1940 musical with a book by John O'Hara and music and lyrics by Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart. The musical is based on a character and situations O'Hara created in a series of short stories published in The New Yorker, which he later published in novel form. The title character, Joey Evans, is a manipulative small-time nightclub performer whose ambitions lead him into an affair with the wealthy, middle-aged and married Vera Simpson. It includes two songs that have become standards: "I Could Write a Book" and "Bewitched (Bothered And Bewildered)".

The original 1940 Broadway production was directed by George Abbott and starred Vivienne Segal and Gene Kelly. Though it received mixed reviews, the show ran for 10 months, the third-longest run of any Rodgers and Hart musical. There have been several revivals since, including a 2008–09 Broadway run, and a 1957 film adaptation starring Frank Sinatra, Rita Hayworth and Kim Novak.
Daybreak (1931 film)
Daybreak is a 1931 American pre-Code drama film directed by Jacques Feyder and written by Cyril Hume and Ruth Cummings. The film stars Ramon Novarro, Helen Chandler, Jean Hersholt, C. Aubrey Smith, William Bakewell and Karen Morley. The film was released on May 2, 1931, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

Ruth Cummings
Ruth Cummings (originally credited under her maiden name, Ruth Sinclair) was an American screenwriter and actress active from the 1910s through the 1930s. She was married to actor-director Irving Cummings in 1917, and they had a son, screenwriter Irving Cummings Jr.
Imogen Stubbs
Imogen Stubbs (born 20 February 1961) is an English actress and writer.

Her first leading part was in Privileged (1982), followed by A Summer Story (1988).

Her first play, We Happy Few, was produced in 2004. In 2008 she joined Reader's Digest as a contributing editor and writer of fiction.

Trevor Nunn
Sir Trevor Robert Nunn CBE (born 14 January 1940) is an English theatre director and lyricist. He has been the artistic director for the Royal Shakespeare Company, the Royal National Theatre, and, currently, the Theatre Royal Haymarket. He has directed dramas for the stage, including Macbeth, as well as opera and musicals, such as Cats (1981) and Les Misérables (1985).

Nunn has been nominated for the Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical, the Tony Award for Best Direction of a Play, the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Director, and the Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director of a Musical, winning Tonys for Cats, Les Misérables, and Nicholas Nickleby and the Olivier Awards for productions of Summerfolk, The Merchant of Venice, Troilus and Cressida, and Nicholas Nickleby. In 2008, The Telegraph named Nunn among the most influential people in British culture. He has also directed works for film and television.
2003–04 Danish Cup
The 2003–04 Danish Cup was the 50th season of the Danish Cup. The final was played on 20 May 2004.

FC København ended as cup winner, but as they also won the Danish Superliga, the UEFA Cup-spot went to the cup runner-up Aalborg BK.

F.C. Copenhagen
Football Club Copenhagen (Danish: Football Club København, pronounced [kʰøpm̩ˈhɑwˀn]), commonly known as F.C. København, F.C. Copenhagen, Copenhagen, or simply FCK, is a Danish professional football club based in Frederiksberg, FCK was founded in 1992 as a superstructure on top of Kjøbenhavns Boldklub and Boldklubben 1903.

F.C. Copenhagen has won a record 16 Danish Football Championships and a record 10 Danish Cups. In European football F.C. Copenhagen has reached the group stage of the UEFA Champions League and the group stage of the UEFA Europa League more times than any other Danish club.

Copenhagen plays its matches at the Parken Stadium, which also serves as the venue for Denmark national football team matches. Since their foundation, FCK have developed a fierce rivalry with Brøndby IF. The Copenhagen Derby games between the two sides have attracted some of the biggest crowds in Danish football history.
Kalomo District
Kalomo District is a district of Zambia, located in Southern Province. The capital lies at Kalomo. As of the 2022 Zambian census, the district had a population of 274,640 people.

It is made up of two constituencies, namely Kalomo Central and Dundumwenzi.

Districts of Zambia
The ten provinces of Zambia are divided into a total of 116 districts as of 2018.

Article 109 in part VIII of the constitution of Zambia deals with local government. It states only that there should be some form of local government, and that this local government should be based on democratically elected councils on the basis of universal adult suffrage.
Virgil Finlay (book)
Virgil Finlay is a memorial collection of drawings by and appreciations of Virgil Finlay. It was compiled and edited by Donald M. Grant and published in 1971  by Donald M. Grant, Publisher, Inc. in an edition of 1,202 copies.

Donald M. Grant, Publisher
Donald M. Grant, Publisher, Inc. is a fantasy and science fiction small press publisher in New Hampshire that was founded in 1964. It is notable for publishing fantasy and horror novels with lavish illustrations, most notably Stephen King's The Dark Tower series and the King/Peter Straub novel The Talisman.
Zhayi
Zhayi (Chinese: 札迻; Wade–Giles: Cha-i; translated with "Notes" or "Transmitted collation notes", etc.) is a collection of textual-critical, commentary, and philological studies written by the prominent late Qing dynasty scholar Sun Yirang (1848–1908), who is especially known for his research on the book Mozi 墨子.

Sun Yirang
Sun Yirang (Chinese: 孫詒讓; pinyin: Sūn Yíràng; 1848–1908) was a late Qing dynasty Chinese philologist. A native of Wenzhou, Zhejiang province, he retired from official employment early in his life to devote himself to scholarship. His most important works are Mozi Jiangu (墨子間詁), a corrected, definitive edition of Mozi, and Zhouli Zhengyi (周禮正義), an important commentary on the Rites of Zhou. He also contributed to the studies of the bronzeware script and oracle script. His work Qiwen Juli (契文舉例), published posthumously by Luo Zhenyu, was the first work of decipherment of the oracle bone script.
Panari River
The Panari River is a river of Roraima state in northern Brazil. It is a tributary of the Cotingo River.

The sources of the river are in the 116,748 hectares (288,490 acres) Monte Roraima National Park, created in 1989.

Monte Roraima National Park
Monte Roraima National Park (Portuguese: Parque Nacional do Monte Roraima) is a national park in the state of Roraima, northern Brazil.

It includes the Brazilian section of Mount Roraima, and other mountains along the borders with Venezuela and Guyana, and a diverse environment including tropical rainforest and savanna.

The park is fully contained within the Raposa Serra do Sol indigenous territory, and has the dual role of conserving the environment and supporting the constitutional rights of the indigenous people.
Adam Bielan
Adam Jerzy Bielan ([ˈadam ˈjɛʐɨ ˈbjɛlan], born on 12 September 1974 in  Gdańsk, Poland) is a Polish politician, Member of the European Parliament for Lesser Poland and Świętokrzyskie and Masovian between 2004 and 2014, and from 2019 MEP for Masovian constituency. Member of the Senate and the Deputy Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland 2015–2019.

Bielan sits on the European Parliament's Committee on Regional Development.  Bielan is a substitute for the Committee on Transport and Tourism, a member of the Delegation for relations with Mercosur and a substitute for the Delegation to the ACP-EU Joint Parliamentary Assembly.

Deputy Marshal of the Senate of Poland
Deputy Marshal of the Senate of the Republic of Poland (Polish: Wicemarszałek Senatu RP) is one of the Polish Senators in the upper house of the Polish parliament who serves as the deputy of the Senate Marshal (speaker). There could be a maximum of four Deputy Marshals.

Deputy Marshals are allowed to preside over the Senate sessions when the Marshal does not preside.

They are elected among the Senators for a full Senate term, alongside the Marshal.
Michael S. Greco
Michael Spencer Greco (born November 22, 1942, in Rende, Italy) is an American lawyer who served as president of the American Bar Association (2005–2006). He is a retired partner in the Boston office of K&L Gates, and a former partner at the now-defunct Hill and Barlow. He was a partner with Hill and Barlow from 1973 to 2002 and was a partner with K&L Gates from 2003 to 2017.

Hill and Barlow
Hill & Barlow was a law firm in Boston, Massachusetts that was dissolved on December 7, 2002 after 106 years of business. Founded in 1899, the firm had been one of the city's oldest and most elite firms, and was also the 12th largest in Boston at the time of its dissolution, employing 138 lawyers.
Râul Mare (Strei)
The Râul Mare (upstream from its confluence with the Șes also: Lăpușnic) is a left tributary of the river Strei in Romania. It discharges into the Strei in Subcetate. Its source is in the Retezat Mountains. It flows through the reservoirs Gura Apelor, Ostrovul Mic, Păclișa and Hațeg. Its length is 64 km (40 mi) and its basin size is 915 km2 (353 sq mi).

Retezat Mountains
The Retezat Mountains (Romanian: Munții Retezat, Hungarian: Retyezát-hegység) are one of the highest massifs in Romania, being part of the Southern Carpathians. The highest peak is Peleaga (Vârful Peleaga), at an altitude of 2,509 metres (8,232 ft). Other important peaks are Păpușa (Vârful Păpușa, "the Doll Peak") and Retezat Peak (Vârful Retezat). The name means "cut off" in Romanian.