hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
F & G Holme
F & G Holme were two Liverpool architects, Francis Usher Holme (c.1844-1913), and his uncle, George Holme (1822 or 3-1915), who lived during the 19th century. Their designs include, amongst others, the County Sessions House the Municipal Annexe and the Liverpool Institute for Performing Arts. Francis was also the architect who designed the Gymnasium to the rear of Newsham Park Hospital formerly the Royal Liverpool Seamen's Orphanage Institution.

County Sessions House, Liverpool
The County Sessions House is a former courthouse in Liverpool, England. It stands at the top of William Brown Street and is adjacent to the Walker Art Gallery, the Steble Fountain and Wellington's Column. It now provides office and storage space for the gallery. The Session House is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building.
Tegher Monastery
Tegher Monastery (Armenian: Տեղեր or Տեղերի Վանք; also Tegheri Vank) is an early 13th-century Armenian monastery and church located on the southeastern slopes of Mount Aragats near the modern village of Tegher, and across the gorge from the village of Byurakan in the Aragatsotn Province of Armenia.  It was built for Princess Khatun (also known as Mamakhatun), the wife of Prince Vache I Vachutian who had purchased the district of Aragatzotn from the Zakarian brothers.  The architect Vardapet Aghbayrik designed Tegher and the monasteries of Saghmosavank and Hovhannavank during the 13th century.  The monastery survived intact during a time when Mongol invasions plagued the lands.

Ruins of the 9th century village of Tegher (Old Tegher) sit a short-distance walk from the monastery.  Numerous foundations may be seen, along with the remains of a Tukh Manuk funerary chapel of the 5th century.  Nearby is also the medieval to 19th century cemetery with some mausoleums and khachkars.

Tegher, Armenia
Tegher (Armenian: Տեղեր) is a village in the Ashtarak Municipality of the Aragatsotn Province of Armenia on the southern slope of Mount Aragats.

The town contains the Monastery of Tegher built in 1213.  The ruins of the 9th century village of Tegher (Old Tegher) sit a short distance walk from the monastery.  Numerous foundations may be seen, along with the remains of a Tukh Manuk funerary chapel of the 5th century.  Nearby is also a medieval to 19th century cemetery with some mausoleums and khachkars.

Nearby is also a large radio telescope as well as an unfinished solar power plant, both from the Soviet era.
Christian Jankowski
Christian Jankowski (born 1968 in Göttingen, West Germany) is a German contemporary multimedia artist who largely works with video, installation and photography. He lives and works in Berlin and New York.

Frieze Art Fair
Frieze Art Fair is an annual contemporary art fair first held in 2003 in London's Regent's Park. Developed by the founders of the contemporary art magazine Frieze, the fair has since expanded to include editions in four cities, in addition to acquiring several other art fairs.

Following the original Frieze Art Fair (also referred to as Frieze London), the fair added Frieze Masters (2012), also in London, dedicated to art made before the year 2000; Frieze New York (2012); Frieze Los Angeles (2019); and Frieze Seoul (2022). In 2023, Frieze acquired The Armory Show in New York, and EXPO Chicago.

In 2016, American holding company Endeavor acquired a majority stake in Frieze. In 2025, the co-founder of Endeavor, Ari Emanuel, is set to buy Frieze in a deal valued at $200 million.
The Scarlet Letter (1934 film)
The Scarlet Letter is a 1934 American film directed by Robert G. Vignola and based on the 1850 novel of the same name by Nathaniel Hawthorne.

The film has been preserved by the UCLA Film & Television Archive.

Robert G. Vignola
Robert G. Vignola (born Rocco Giuseppe Vignola, August 7, 1882 – October 25, 1953) was an Italian-American actor, screenwriter, and film director. A former stage actor, he appeared in many motion pictures produced by Kalem Company and later moved to directing, becoming one of the silent screen's most prolific directors. He directed a handful of films in the early years of sound films, but his career essentially ended in the silent era.
Jōshin Dentetsu Jōshin Line
The Joshin Line (上信線, Jōshin-sen) is a Japanese railway line in Gunma Prefecture, between Takasaki Station in Takasaki and Shimonita Station in Shimonita, operated by the private railway operator Joshin Electric Railway (上信電鉄, Joshin Dentetsu). This is the only rail line operated by the company, although it also operates a small number of bus lines. The first section of the Joshin Line opened in 1897.

Gunma Prefecture
Gunma Prefecture (群馬県, Gunma-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [ɡɯꜜm.ma, ɡɯm.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a landlocked prefecture of Japan located in the Kantō region of Honshu. Gunma Prefecture has a population of 1,937,626 (1 October 2019) and has a geographic area of 6,362 square kilometres (2,456 sq mi). Gunma Prefecture borders Niigata Prefecture and Fukushima Prefecture to the north, Nagano Prefecture to the southwest, Saitama Prefecture to the south, and Tochigi Prefecture to the east.

Maebashi is the capital and Takasaki is the largest city of Gunma Prefecture, with other major cities including Ōta, Isesaki, and Kiryū. Gunma Prefecture is one of only eight landlocked prefectures, located on the northwestern corner of the Kantō Plain with 14% of its total land being designated as natural parks.
Victoria, Buenos Aires
Victoria is a city in San Fernando Partido of the urban agglomeration of Greater Buenos Aires.

The city gradually grew around a railway station on the Ferrocarril Central Argentino, which had been named after Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.

It is home to Universidad de San Andrés.

Victoria is the home town of Club Atlético Tigre football club which play at the Estadio José Dellagiovanna.

Central Argentine Railway
The Central Argentine Railway (CA, Spanish: Ferrocarril Central Argentino) was one of the Big Four broad gauge, 5 ft 6 in (1,676 mm) British companies that built and operated railway networks in Argentina. The company was established in the 19th century, to serve the provinces of Santa Fe and Córdoba, in the east-central region of the country. It later extended its operations to Buenos Aires, Tucumán, and Santiago del Estero. The railway had a complicated relationship with its employees in the 1910s, and then it had a complicated relationship with the government of Argentina in the 1920s.
Coup of Kaiserswerth
The Coup of Kaiserswerth (German: Staatsstreich von Kaiserswerth) in 1062 was a thitherto unprecedented action of several secular and ecclesiastical princes of the Holy Roman Empire under the leadership of Archbishop Anno II of Cologne against Empress Agnes, ruling on behalf of her under-age son, King Henry IV, and against her chosen sub-regent, Bishop Henry II of Augsburg. By kidnapping the young king and enforcing the handover of the Imperial Regalia, the group gained control of the reins of power in the Empire.

Anno II
Anno II (c. 1010 – 4 December 1075) was Archbishop of Cologne from 1056 until his death. From 1063 to 1065 he acted as regent of the Holy Roman Empire for the minor Emperor Henry IV. Anno is venerated as a saint of the Catholic Church.
A Matter of Time (film)
A Matter of Time (Italian: Nina) is a 1976 musical fantasy film directed by Vincente Minnelli and starring Liza Minnelli, Ingrid Bergman and Charles Boyer. It features songs by the duo of Kander and Ebb, George Gershwin, and B.G. DeSylva. The screenplay, written by John Gay, is based on the novel The Film of Memory (La Volupté d'être) by Maurice Druon.

The fictional story is based loosely on the real life exploits of the infamous Italian eccentric, the Marchesa Casati, whom Druon knew during her declining years in London while he was stationed there during World War II.

An American-Italian co-production, A Matter of Time had a troubled production, which led an aging Vincente Minnelli to be removed from creative control during post-production. The film marked the first screen appearance for Isabella Rossellini, the last for Charles Boyer and Amedeo Nazzari, and it proved to be Minnelli's final project.

Charles Boyer
Charles Boyer (French: [ʃaʁl bwaje]; 28 August 1899 – 26 August 1978) was a French-American actor who appeared in more than 80 films between 1920 and 1976. After receiving an education in drama, Boyer started on the stage, but he found his success in American films during the 1930s. His memorable performances were among the era's most highly praised, in romantic dramas such as The Garden of Allah (1936), Algiers (1938), and Love Affair (1939), as well as the mystery-thriller Gaslight (1944). He received four Oscar nominations for Best Actor. He also appeared as himself on the CBS sitcom I Love Lucy.
Shimabara, Kyoto
Shimabara (嶋原; often simplified to 島原, sometimes styled 嶌原), established in 1640, was the designated red light district (yūkaku) in Kyoto. Following the outlawing of sex work in Japan, it went defunct as a red-light district in the 1950s but continued as a geisha district (hanamachi) for a few more years. By the 1970s, geisha were no longer registered in Shimabara. Tayū, who never disappeared entirely from Shimabara, were allowed to register as a special type of geisha following the outlawing of prostitution, and continue to perform in the district to this day. Shimabara continues to operate as a tourist district, and operates one ochaya.

Tayū
Tayū (太夫) were the highest rank of female entertainers in early modern Japanese licensed quarters. Tayū were distinguished historically from other courtesans (yūjo; women of pleasure) and entertainers (maiko, geisha/geiko) by their intensive training in numerous traditional artforms from a young age. The prestige this education conferred on them allowed them to refuse clients. They were the only entertainers to attend the Imperial banquets.

Tayū were known for their training in Japanese tea ceremony, kōdō, ikebana, Japanese calligraphy, poetry, dance, singing, and the playing of traditional instruments, such as the koto.
Grégoire Maertens
Grégoire Maertens (born 1 January 1924) is a Belgian Esperantist who was a member of the Estraro (steering committee) for the UEA (Universala Esperanto-Asocio or World Esperanto Association) from 1977 until 1992. From 1980 until 1986, he was president of the UEA, and an honorary member from 1993 onwards.

Maertens was born in Bruges, West Flanders, where he became active in the local Esperanto movement in Bruges as of 1946 and became a member of the BEF (Belga Esperanto-Federacio or Belgian Esperanto Federation).  He was a lecturer at the AIS (Akademio Internacia de la Sciencoj or International Academy of Science) in San Marino, where he was also treasurer from 1992 until 1995.

He turned 100 on 1 January 2024. On this occasion, he received a personal letter of congratulations from George Soros, whom Maertens had helped move to England shortly after the two met at the 1947 International Esperanto Youth Congress in Bern.

President of the Universal Esperanto Association
The President of the Universal Esperanto Association (Esperanto: Universala Esperanto-Asocio, UEA) is the elected leader of the Universal Esperanto Association and the chief executive of the UEA steering committee (Estraro).
Mazahua people
The Mazahuas are an Indigenous people of Mexico, primarily inhabiting the northwestern portion of the State of Mexico and small parts of Michoacán and Querétaro. The largest concentration of Mazahua is found in the municipalities of San Felipe del Progreso and San José del Rincón of the State of Mexico. There is also a significant presence in Mexico City, Toluca and the Guadalajara area owing to recent migration. According to the 2010 Mexican census, there are 116,240 speakers of the language in the State of Mexico, accounting for 53% of all Indigenous language speakers in the state.

Zitácuaro
Zitácuaro, officially known as Heroica Zitácuaro, is a city in the Mexican state of Michoacán. The city is the administrative centre for the surrounding municipality of the same name, which lies at the extreme eastern side of Michoacán and borders on the adjacent state of México. The city reported a population of 185,534 in the 2010 census. The municipality has an area of 498 km2 (192.3 sq mi). The name Zitácuaro comes from Mazahua Tsitákuarhu.
Hage Station
Hage Station (半家駅, Hage-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the Nishitosahage neighborhood of the city of Shimanto, Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by JR Shikoku and has the station number "G33".

Shimanto, Kōchi (city)
Shimanto (四万十市, Shimanto-shi) is a city in southwestern Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 July 2022, the city had an estimated population of 32,593 in 16635 households, and a population density of 52 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 632.29 square kilometres (244.13 sq mi).
Ming Beaver Kwei
Ming Beaver Kwei (Chinese: 桂幼铭; born November 12, 1966) is an American film producer based in Los Angeles and China. He is the son of famed Shaw Brothers Studio director Kuei Chih-Hung (桂治洪) (Killer Constable, Hex). Kwei has produced two hit comedies starring Zhang Ziyi, Sophie's Revenge and its follow-up, My Lucky Star (Fei chang xing yun), as well as the films Moscow Mission, I Remember, The Precipice Game, Legend of Sun and Moon and Unspoken.

Kwei was an associate producer on The Meg, a 2018 shark thriller starring Jason Statham and Li Bingbing that grossed more than $530 million worldwide  and coproduced its 2023 sequel, Meg 2: The Trench, which tallied $395 million at the worldwide box office.  His other film credits include The Adventurers (executive producer), Slam (associate producer) and The Painted Veil (associate producer).

Kuei Chih-Hung
Kuei Chih-Hung (Chinese: 桂治洪, a.k.a. Kwei Chi Hung, Gui Zhi-Hong, Gwai Chi-hung)  (20 December 1937 – 1 October 1999) was a filmmaker who worked for the Hong Kong–based Shaw Brothers Studios, directing more than 40 films throughout the late 1960s, 1970s and early 1980s. Kuei found critical and commercial success working in a variety of genres, including the hard-boiled crime drama of The Teahouse (1974) and its sequel, Big Brother Cheng (1975), wuxia film Killer Constable (1981), The Killer Snakes (1975) and Hex (1980). Kuei often depicted the poverty of the public housing system, police corruption and colonial government rule.
Jean-Yves Bigras
Jean-Yves Bigras (May 19, 1919 – August 17, 1966) was a Canadian film director and film editor, considered a pioneer in Quebec cinema. Bigras studied first at the University of Ottawa and then at Queen's University. From 1939 to 1942, he served in World War II as part of the RCAF. When he returned to Canada, he became one of the first French Canadians to be hired by the NFB and worked there as an editor until 1948. He was then hired to work in Renaissance Éducationnel, the children's education film section of Renaissance Films Distribution. It was here that he got to work on his first feature film, Le gros Bill (1949), co-directing with René Delacroix. Bigras moved on to direct three feature films himself, including La petite Aurore l’enfant martyre (1951), a big hit with audiences and a staple of Quebec Cinema. In 1953, he began working for Radio-Canada where he became one of its principal directors until his death in 1966.

René Delacroix
René Delacroix (August 27, 1900 – June 11, 1976) was a French film director and screenwriter. He was most noted for a mid-career period from 1949 to 1954 when he was based in Montreal, during which he directed or co-directed several of the most important early feature films in the Cinema of Quebec. The film Tit-Coq, codirected with Gratien Gélinas, won the Canadian Film Award for Film of the Year at the 5th Canadian Film Awards in 1953.
Hammick reaction
The Hammick reaction, named after Dalziel Hammick, is a chemical reaction in which the thermal decarboxylation of α-picolinic (or related) acids in the presence of carbonyl compounds forms 2-pyridyl-carbinols.

Using p-cymene as solvent has been shown to increase yields.

Picolinic acid
Picolinic acid is an organic compound with the formula NC5H4CO2H. It is a derivative of pyridine with a carboxylic acid (COOH) substituent at the 2-position. It is an isomer of nicotinic acid and isonicotinic acid, which have the carboxyl side chain at the 3- and 4-positions, respectively. It is a white solid although impure samples can appear tan. The compound is soluble in water.
Le Banquet
Le Banquet is a Canadian drama film from Quebec, directed by Sébastien Rose and released in 2008. The film's original working title was Comme une flamme.

Set at an unnamed university in Montreal amidst the backdrop of a student strike over rising tuition fees, the film centres on Bertrand (Alexis Martin), an idealistic young professor who battles the university administration after it refuses to expel a problem student (Benoît McGinnis) who is being disruptive in Bertrand's class.

Sébastien Rose
Sébastien Rose (born June 30, 1969, in Montreal, Quebec) is a Canadian film director and screenwriter. His debut film, How My Mother Gave Birth to Me During Menopause (Comment ma mère accoucha de moi durant sa ménopause), won the Claude Jutra Award for the best Canadian film by a first-time director in 2003.
Minnesota (band)
Minnesota was a Eurodance group formed in Germany. It was created by Thomas Allison and Ralf Kappmeier, two German producers. They released two singles, their first was "What's Up", a cover of the 4 Non Blondes song. It peaked at number 22 on the Swiss Singles Chart and reached number one on the RPM Dance Chart in Canada. Their second single, "Without You" peaked at number 39 on the Swiss Singles Chart.

What's Up? (4 Non Blondes song)
"What's Up?" is a song by American rock group 4 Non Blondes, released in March 1993 by Interscope Records as the second single from their debut album, Bigger, Better, Faster, More! (1992). The song was written and produced by lead singer Linda Perry; the credited producer is David Tickle, however Perry claims only her version was released to the public.

"What's Up?" received generally positive reviews from critics; it reached number fourteen on the US Billboard Hot 100, topped the charts of 12 European countries, and entered the top 10 in five other countries. Its accompanying music video was nominated for Best Alternative Rock Video at the 1993 MTV Video Music Awards.
Czarne, Gołdap County
Czarne [ˈt͡ʂarnɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dubeninki, within Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Gmina Dubeninki
Gmina Dubeninki is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, on the border with Russia. Its seat is the village of Dubeninki, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) east of Gołdap and 146 km (91 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The gmina covers an area of 205.18 square kilometres (79.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,151.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Puszcza Romincka Landscape Park.
Waikawa, Marlborough
Waikawa is a small settlement to the north east of Picton, Marlborough, New Zealand. Waikawa Bay opens onto Queen Charlotte Sound.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "bitter water" for Waikawa.

Waikawa is an important New Zealand tourist destination because its large marina acts as gateway to the Marlborough Sounds and famous treks (hikes) such as the Queen Charlotte Track.

Waikawa is host to Waikawa Marina which is one of the largest marinas in New Zealand. Waikawa Marina hosts 600 yacht berths and 70 individual lock-up boatsheds.  The marina offers a typical range of modern on-site marine services, supplies, and facilities. These facilities include a café/bar and accommodation.

Marlborough District
41°53′S 173°40′E﻿ / ﻿41.883°S 173.667°E﻿ / -41.883; 173.667

Marlborough District or the Marlborough Region (Māori: Te Tauihu-o-te-waka, or Tauihu), commonly known simply as Marlborough, is one of the 16 regions of New Zealand, located on the northeast of the South Island. It is administered by Marlborough District Council, a unitary authority, performing the functions of both a territorial authority and a regional council. The council is based at Blenheim, the largest town. The unitary region has a population of 50,800 (June 2025). It borders the Nelson Region and Tasman District to the west, and the Canterbury Region to the south.

Marlborough is known for its dry climate, the Marlborough Sounds, and Sauvignon blanc wine. It takes its name from the earlier Marlborough Province, which was named after John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, an English general and statesman.
Link 16
Link 16 is a military tactical data link network used by NATO members and other nations, as allowed by the MIDS International Program Office (IPO). Its specification is part of the family of Tactical Data Links.

Link 16 enables military aircraft, ships, and ground forces to exchange their tactical picture in near-real time; it also supports the exchange of text messages, imagery, and voice (the latter on two digital channels: 2.4 kbit/s or 16 kbit/s in any combination). It is one of the digital services of the JTIDS / MIDS in NATO's Standardization Agreement STANAG 5516. MIL-STD-6016 is the related United States Department of Defense Link 16 MIL-STD.

United States Military Standard
A United States defense standard, often called a military standard, "MIL-STD", "MIL-SPEC", or (informally) "MilSpecs", is used to help achieve standardization objectives by the United States Department of Defense.

Standardization is beneficial in achieving interoperability, ensuring products meet certain requirements, commonality, reliability, total cost of ownership, compatibility with logistics systems, and similar defense-related objectives.

Defense standards are also used by other non-defense government organizations, technical organizations, and industry. This article discusses definitions, history, and usage of defense standards. Related documents, such as defense handbooks and defense specifications, are also addressed.
Karl Kark
Karl Kark (22 December 1884 – 1 December 1924) was an Estonian civil engineer and politician.

In 1924 he was Minister of Transportation. On the morning of 1 December 1924, Kark was assassinated by gunshot by communist insurgents at the Tallinn Baltic Station during the 1924 Estonian coup d'état attempt. He was buried in Tallinn's Vana-Kaarli Cemetery, within the larger Siselinna Cemetery.

Tallinn Baltic Station
Baltic Station (Estonian: Balti jaam) is the main railway station in Tallinn, Estonia, and the largest railway station in Estonia. All trains in Estonia depart and terminate at this station.

Balti jaam is located in central Tallinn, and is situated immediately northwest of the city's Old town (Estonian: Tallinna vanalinn). It stands close to a large market called the Baltic Station Market (Balti Jaama Turg).

The first station opened in 1870 when a railway line connecting Saint Petersburg with Paldiski via Tallinn was opened. The station was completely reconstructed between 1960–1966, and in 2005, the station building was completely renewed.