hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Carlos
John Wesley Carlos (born June 5, 1945) is an American former track and field athlete and professional football player. He was the bronze-medal winner in the 200 meters at the 1968 Summer Olympics, where he displayed the Black Power salute on the podium with Tommie Smith. He went on to tie the world record in the 100-yard dash and beat the 200 meters world record (although the latter achievement was never certified). After his track career, he enjoyed a brief stint in the Canadian Football League but retired due to injury.

He became involved with the United States Olympic Committee and helped to organize the 1984 Summer Olympics. Following this, he became a track coach at Palm Springs High School. He was inducted into the USA Track & Field Hall of Fame in 2003.

He is the author, with sportswriter Dave Zirin, of The John Carlos Story: The Sports Moment That Changed the World, published in 2011 by Haymarket Books.

Dave Zirin
Dave Zirin (/ˈzaɪrɪn/ ZY-rin; born 1974) is an American political sportswriter. He is the sports editor for The Nation, a weekly progressive magazine dedicated to politics and culture, and writes a blog named Edge of Sports: the weekly sports column by Dave Zirin. As of January 2022, he has authored eleven books.
Sydzyna
Sydzyna [sɨˈd͡zɨna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rytwiany, within Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south of Rytwiany, 11 km (7 mi) south of Staszów, and 61 km (38 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Gmina Rytwiany
Gmina Rytwiany is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Rytwiany, which lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south-east of Staszów and 58 km (36 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

The gmina covers an area of 124.66 square kilometres (48.1 sq mi), and as of 2010 its total population is  6,240.
Wisconsin Highway 181
State Trunk Highway 181 (often called Highway 181, STH-181 or WIS 181) is a 21.44-mile (34.50 km) state highway in Milwaukee and Ozaukee counties in Wisconsin, United States, that runs north–south in southeast Wisconsin from West Allis to Cedarburg.

Ozaukee County, Wisconsin
Ozaukee County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 91,503. Its county seat is Port Washington. Ozaukee County is included in the Milwaukee metropolitan area.

As of the 2000 Census, Ozaukee County had the second-lowest poverty rate of any county in the United States, at 2.6%. In terms of per capita income, it is the 25th-wealthiest county in the country.
Rice v. Santa Fe Elevator Corp.
Rice v. Santa Fe Elevator Corp., 331 U.S. 218 (1947), is a case dealing with "field preemption":  the United States Supreme Court held that when a federal law regulates a field traditionally occupied by the states, the police powers of the States in that area of law are not necessarily preempted; Congress must also manifest a clear and manifest purpose to do so.

Federal preemption
In the law of the United States, federal preemption is the invalidation of a U.S. state law that conflicts with federal law.  The rules of preemption seek to restrict it to only where it is explicit or necessary. In the course of adjudicating cases, the issue of preemption may be heard in either state or federal court.
Esperanza (Madrid Metro)
Esperanza [espeˈɾanθa] is a metro station on Line 4 of the Madrid Metro. It is located in fare Zone A. It is named for the Esperanza ("Hope") housing development.

Manu Chao's 2001 album Próxima Estación: Esperanza is named after the metro station.

Próxima Estación: Esperanza
Próxima Estación: Esperanza (English: Next Station: Hope) is the second studio album by French latin artist, Manu Chao. The album was released originally in Europe on 12 May 2001 and was later released in the United States and surrounding regions on 5 June 2001 by Virgin Records.
Onion (horse)
Onion (May 23, 1969 – October 24, 1995) was a U.S. thoroughbred whose victory over Secretariat in the 1973 Whitney Handicap is considered to be among the most dramatic upsets in the history of horse racing.

Whitney Stakes
The Whitney Stakes (run as the Whitney Handicap through 2013 and still sometimes referred to as such) is an American Grade 1 stakes race for Thoroughbred racehorses four years of age and older run at a distance of 1+1⁄8 miles. The current purse is $1,000,000.

Held annually in late July/early August at the Saratoga Race Course in Saratoga Springs, New York, the race is named for the Whitney family, whose members were and remain prominent participants and supporters of the sport of Thoroughbred horse racing.
Sokna language
Sokna (also Sawknah, Sukna; native name: Tasuknit) is a presumably extinct Eastern Berber language which was spoken in the town of Sokna (Isuknan) and the village of Fuqaha in northeastern Fezzan in Libya. According to Václav Blažek (1999), Sokna was also spoken in the oasis of Tmassa.

The most extensive and recent materials on it are Sarnelli (1924) for Sokna and Paradisi (1963) for El-Fogaha. Both articles report that the language was spoken only by a handful of old people at the time, so it is generally presumed to be extinct.

Aikhenvald & Militarev (1984) and Blench (2006) consider Sokna and Fezzan to be separate languages. Blench lists Tmessa and Al-Foqaha as dialects of Fezzan.

Sokna, Libya
Sokna (Arabic: سوكنة, IPA ['so:kna], also transliterated as Socna or Sawknah, Tamazight: Isuknen) is a Saharan desert oasis town in the Fezzan region of southwest Libya.

The Eastern Berber language Sokna is native to the town.
This local pre-arabized dialect, which fell out of use by the end of the 20th century, is retained in place names. Presently, the population speaks Arabic.
HMS Newark (1695)
HMS Newark was an 80-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched at Hull on 3 June 1695.

She was rebuilt according to the 1706 Establishment at Chatham Dockyard, and relaunched on 29 July 1717. During this rebuild an extra gundeck was added to make her a three-decker, instead of the two-decker as which she had been originally built. She continued to be classified as a third rate, however.

On 24 April 1741 she was ordered to be taken to pieces and rebuilt at Chatham according to the 1741 proposals of the 1719 Establishment. She was relaunched on 27 August 1747, as a 66-gun Third Rate, two-decker. Newark jammed halfway down the stocks during the launch and was left there for several days, after which she unjammed herself and completed the launching.

Newark continued to serve until 1787, when she was broken up.

1706 Establishment
The 1706 Establishment was the first formal set of dimensions for ships of the Royal Navy. Two previous sets of dimensions had existed before, though these were only for specific shipbuilding programs running for only a given amount of time. In contrast, the 1706 Establishment was intended to be permanent.
Kenneth Sacks
Kenneth Sacks is an American historian and classicist, noted for his work on Ralph Waldo Emerson. Currently he serves as Professor of History and Classics at Brown University, where he was previously Dean of the College.

A graduate of the University of Pittsburgh, Sacks received his PhD from the University of California, Berkeley, where he studied under Erich S. Gruen and Raphael Sealey. He then taught at the University of Wisconsin–Madison until 1995, when he joined Brown as Dean of the College. The author of two books on Greek historians, Polybius on the Writing of History (1981) and Diodorus Siculus and the First Century (1990, a Choice "Outstanding Academic Book of 1991), he is most recently the author of Understanding Emerson: "The American Scholar" and His Struggle for Self-Reliance (2003). Sacks is additionally the editor of the volume on Emerson for the Cambridge Texts in History of Political Thought.

College of Brown University
The College of Brown University is the undergraduate school of Brown University, in College Hill, Providence, Rhode Island. Founded in 1764, the college is the university's oldest school and the seventh-oldest institution of higher education in the United States.

Compared to its peers, the college is distinguished by its Open Curriculum; adopted in 1969, the Open Curriculum permits students to study without any course requirements outside of their chosen concentration (major).

Admissions is among the most selective in the United States, with an acceptance rate of 5.0% for fall 2022.
Livestock Exchange Building (St. Joseph, Missouri)
Livestock Exchange Building (now demolished) was a historic commercial building located at St. Joseph, Missouri.  It was designed by architect Edmond Jacques Eckel (1845–1934) and built in 1898–1899.  It is a four-story, red brick and stone building with Neoclassical style ornamentation.  Also on the property are two contributing multi-car garages and a loading platform.  The building was once considered the crown jewel in the vast stockyards and packinghouses on the south side of St. Joseph.: 5

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004, and was delisted in 2025.

Edmond Jacques Eckel
Edmond J. Eckel FAIA (June 22, 1845 – December 12, 1934) was an architect in practice in St. Joseph, Missouri, from 1872 until his death in 1934. In 1880 he was the founder of Eckel & Mann, later Eckel & Aldrich and Brunner & Brunner, which was the oldest architectural firm in Missouri prior to its eventual dissolution in 1999.
Kamianske urban hromada
Kamianske urban territorial hromada (Ukrainian: Кам'янська міська територіальна громада, romanized: Kamianska miska terytorialna hromada) located within Kamianske Raion in Dnipropetrovsk Oblast. Its administrative centre is the city of Kamianske.

The hromada has a total area of 136.3 km2 (52.6 mi2), and a population of 6,843 (as of 2023).

Kamianske urban hromada was originally established as an amalgamated hromada on 24 December 2019, before being expanded as part of decentralisation in Ukraine.

Kamianske Raion
Kamianske Raion (Ukrainian: Кам'янський район) is a raion (district) of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine. It was created in July 2020 as part of the reform of administrative divisions of Ukraine. Three abolished raions, Krynychky, Piatykhatky, and Verkhnodniprovsk Raions, as well as Kamianske Municipality, Zhovti Vody Municipality, and the city of Vilnohirsk, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance, were merged into Kamianske Raion. The administrative center of the raion is the city of Kamianske. Population: 423,443 (2022 estimate).
Becky Cloonan
Becky Cloonan (born 23 June) is an American comic book creator, known for work published by Tokyopop and Vertigo. In 2012 she became the first female artist to draw the main Batman title for DC Comics.

Gerard Way
Gerard Arthur Way (born April 9, 1977) is an American singer, songwriter, and comic book writer. He is best known as the lead vocalist and co-founder of the rock band My Chemical Romance. He released his debut solo album, Hesitant Alien, in 2014.

Way co-created and wrote the comic series The True Lives of the Fabulous Killjoys and The Umbrella Academy, the latter of which was later adapted into a popular Netflix series that ran for four seasons. He is also the founder of DC Comics' Young Animal imprint, and wrote the imprint's flagship series, Doom Patrol.
The Emperor of Sydney
The Emperor of Sydney is a play by Australian playwright Louis Nowra, the third part of the Boyce trilogy following The Woman with Dog's Eyes and The Marvellous Boy. The play is a single continuous scene set at night in the living room of Beauchamp, the Boyce family mansion, where the father is dying upstairs.

It was first performed at the SWB Stables on 16 August 2006 by the Griffin Theatre Company with the following cast:

Voice (of Malcolm Boyce, dying patriarchal property developer): doubled by the actors playing his sons

Keith, his eldest son: Jack Finsterer

Todd, his middle son: Alex Dimitriades

Luke, his youngest son: Toby Schmitz

Diane, Todd’s wife: Anita Hegh

Gillian, Keith’s wife: Sibylla Budd

The production:

Director: David Berthold

Designer Nicholas Dare

Lighting designer: Matt Marshall

Griffin Theatre Company
Griffin Theatre Company is an Australian theatre specialising in new works, based in Sydney. Founded in 1979, it is the resident theatre company at the Stables Theatre in Kings Cross. As of February 2020 the artistic director is Declan Greene.
Jonathan Coggan
Jonathan Coggan (born 25 April 1983) is a British paralympic wheelchair rugby player. He won a gold medal for the Great Britain national wheelchair rugby team at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in the mixed event. Coggan was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2022 New Year Honours for services to wheelchair rugby.

Great Britain national wheelchair rugby team
The Great Britain national wheelchair rugby team represents Great Britain in international wheelchair rugby. Great Britain is the most successful team in European competition, winning six gold medals at the European Championship and a gold at the 2020 Paralympic Games. Since a national poll as part of The Last Leg, the team have been known as The Sweet Chariots.
La Faculté
La Faculté is a railway station in Monastir, Tunisia. It is operated by the Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Tunisiens.

The station's platforms are on two sides of a triangular railway junction. Trains from the station run on the electrified, metre-gauge Sahel Metro line and serve Sousse to the north and Mahdia to the south, as well as Monastir.

The station lies between Skanes-Monastir airport station to the west, the city-centre Gare Habib Bourguiba Monastir to the east, and Monastir Industrial Zone to the south.

Sahel Metro
The Sahel Train is an electrified, metre gauge railway and suburban rail line with trains serving Sousse and Mahdia, with a spur to Monastir, in Tunisia. The 73 kilometres (45 mi) line has overhead electrification at 25 kV, 50 Hz. Including a triangular junction west of Gare Habib Bourguiba Monastir, the line is mostly double track. However, south of the large multi-platform station at Moknine, the line becomes single track with a limited number of passing loops at stations including Mahdia tourist-Zone and Téboulba.
Marles-les-Mines
Marles-les-Mines (French pronunciation: [maʁl le min]) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France about 5 miles (8.0 km) southwest of Béthune and 36 miles (58 km) southwest of Lille. The river Clarence flows through the commune. Vis-à-Marles station is the local train station.

Vis-à-Marles station
Vis-à-Marles is a railway station located in the French commune of Marles-les-Mines (Pas-de-Calais).

The station is served by TER on the line from Saint-Pol-sur-Ternoise to Béthune and Lille-Flandres.
Tajik–Afghan bridge at Tem-Demogan
The Tajik–Afghan bridge at Tem-Demogan was opened on 3 November 2002. It spans the Panj River. It was the first of four bridges planned for construction with the assistance of the Aga Khan Foundation.

Tem is a microdistrict of Khorugh, in Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province, Tajikistan, which is very sparsely settled. Many of the inhabitants are Ismaili Muslims, followers of the Aga Khan.

Demogan is a location in Afghanistan.

The bridge cost $400,000.

Panj (river)
The Panj, traditionally known as the Ochus River, is a river in Afghanistan and Tajikistan and  a tributary of the Amu Darya. The river is 921 km (572 mi) long and has a basin area of 114,000 km2 (44,000 mi2). It forms a considerable part of the Afghanistan–Tajikistan border.

The river is formed by the confluence of the Pamir River and the Wakhan River near the village of Qala-i-Panjah in the Wakhan District of Badakhshan Province in Afghanistan. From there, it flows westwards and marks part of the Afghanistan–Tajikistan border. After passing the city of Khorog, capital of the Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region of Tajikistan, it receives water from one of its main tributaries, the Bartang River. It then turns towards the southwest, before joining the Vakhsh River and forming the greatest river of Central Asia, the Amu Darya. The Panj played an important role during Soviet era, and was a strategic river during the Soviet military operations in Afghanistan in the 1980s.
Glutaric aciduria type 1
Glutaric acidemia type 1 (GA1) is an inherited disorder in which the body is unable to completely break down the amino acids lysine, hydroxylysine and tryptophan. Excessive levels of their intermediate breakdown products (glutaric acid, glutaryl-CoA, 3-hydroxyglutaric acid, glutaconic acid) can accumulate and cause damage to the brain (and also other organs), but particularly the basal ganglia, which are regions that help regulate movement. GA1 causes secondary carnitine deficiency, as glutaric acid, like other organic acids, is detoxified by carnitine. Intellectual disability may occur.

GA1 is an autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficiency of the enzyme glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH), encoded by the GCDH gene.

Glutaconic acid
trans-Glutaconic acid is an organic compound with formula HO2CCH=CHCH2CO2H. This dicarboxylic acid exists as a colorless solid and is related to the saturated chemical glutaric acid, HO2CC(CH2)3CO2H.  Esters and salts of glutaconic acid are called glutaconates.

Glutaconate bound to coenzyme A, glutaconyl-CoA, is an intermediate in lysine metabolism.
2011 Magny-Cours Superbike World Championship round
The 2011 Magny-Cours Superbike World Championship round was the twelfth round of the 2011 Superbike World Championship. It took place on the weekend of September 30 and October 1–2, 2011 at Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours, France.

Carlos Checa became 2011 Superbike World Champion after winning Race 1, while Ducati claimed the Manufacturers' Championship after Race 2.
In Supersport, Chaz Davies, who finishing sixth in the race, secured his title with one round remaining.

Carlos Checa
Carlos Checa Carrera (born 15 October 1972) is a Spanish former professional motorcycle road racer and winner of the 2011 Superbike World Championship. After racing in 500 cc and MotoGP for over a decade, mostly on Honda and Yamaha machinery and claiming two Grand Prix victories despite not having full manufacturer support, he moved to the Superbike World Championship on a Honda for 2008 where he went on to claim 24 victories and one championship. He has a younger brother, David Checa, also a motorcycle racer who competed in the Superbike World Championship for 2008.
N-Acetyl-γ-aminobutyric acid
N-Acetyl-γ-aminobutyric acid (N-acetyl-GABA), also known as N-acetyl-4-aminobutyric acid, is a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) from putrescine. Other intermediates in this pathway include N-acetylputrescine and N-acetyl-γ-aminobutyraldehyde (N-acetyl-GABAL or N-acetyl-GABA aldehyde). Enzymes mediating the transformations in this pathway include putrescine acetyltransferase (PAT), monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), and an unknown deacetylase enzyme. The pathway is a minor pathway in GABA synthesis compared to the main pathway in which GABA is synthesized from glutamate. However, the pathway has been found to have an important physiological role in the brain, for instance in the production of GABA in the striatum and resultant inhibition of dopaminergic neurons in this brain area.

Putrescine
Putrescine is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)4(NH2)2. It is a colorless solid that melts near room temperature. It is classified as a diamine. Together with cadaverine, it is largely responsible for the foul odor of putrefying flesh, but also contributes to other unpleasant odors.
Nikkō Tōshō-gū
Nikkō Tōshō-gū (日光東照宮) is a Tōshō-gū Shinto shrine located in Nikkō, Tochigi Prefecture, Japan.

Together with Futarasan Shrine and Rinnō-ji, it forms the Shrines and Temples of Nikkō UNESCO World Heritage Site, with 42 structures of the shrine included in the nomination. Five of them are designated as National Treasures of Japan, and three more as Important Cultural Properties.

Three wise monkeys
The three wise monkeys (三猿, San'en; [saɰ̃.eɴ], lit. 'three monkeys') are a Japanese pictorial maxim, embodying the proverbial principle "see no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil". The three monkeys are

Mizaru (見猿), covering his eyes and "not seeing" (見ざる, mizaru),

Kikazaru (聞か猿), covering his ears and "not hearing" (聞かざる, kikazaru),

Iwazaru (言わ猿), covering his mouth and "not speaking" (言わざる, iwazaru).

Lafcadio Hearn refers to them as the three mystic apes.

There are at least two divergent interpretations of the maxim: in Buddhist tradition, it is about avoiding evil thoughts and deeds. In the West, however, it is often interpreted as dealing with impropriety by turning a blind eye.

Outside Japan the monkeys' names are sometimes given as Mizaru, Mikazaru and Mazaru, as the last two names were corrupted from the Japanese originals. The monkeys are Japanese macaques, a common species in Japan.
Gattlin Griffith
Gattlin Tadd Griffith (born November 13, 1998) is an American actor, best known for portraying Walter Collins in the historical crime drama Changeling (2008), Tim Tyson in the autobiographical civil rights film Blood Done Sign My Name (2010) and for starring in the romantic drama Labor Day (2013). He also had episodic roles on TV series such as Cold Case, Eli Stone, Supernatural, Criminal Minds and the films The New Daughter and Green Lantern.

Blood Done Sign My Name (film)
Blood Done Sign My Name is a 2010 American drama film written and directed by Jeb Stuart and starring Ricky Schroder, Omar Benson Miller, Michael Rooker, and Nate Parker. It is based on the autobiographical book Blood Done Sign My Name (2004) by historian Timothy Tyson.
Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami Bangladesh
Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami Bangladesh (transl. Jihad movement of Islam of Bangladesh) is the Bangladeshi branch of the Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami (HuJI). It is banned in Bangladesh and is a Proscribed Organisation in the United Kingdom under the Terrorism Act 2000.

HuJI also played an instrumental role in the founding of the Indian Mujahideen and had been involved with its earlier incarnation, Asif Reza Commando Force.

Terrorism Act 2000
The Terrorism Act 2000 (c. 11) is the first of a number of general Terrorism Acts passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It superseded and repealed the Prevention of Terrorism (Temporary Provisions) Act 1989 and the Northern Ireland (Emergency Provisions) Act 1996. It also replaced parts of the Criminal Justice (Terrorism and Conspiracy) Act 1998. The powers it provides the police have been controversial, leading to noted cases of alleged abuse, and to legal challenges in British and European courts. The stop-and-search powers under section 44 of the Act have been ruled illegal by the European Court of Human Rights.
Luke Helder
Lucas John Helder (born May 5, 1981) also known as the Midwest Pipe Bomber, is a former University of Wisconsin–Stout student from Pine Island, Minnesota, known for being the suspect in a series of pipe bombings.

He was arrested in 2002 as a suspect in pipe bombings in mailboxes, which injured several people. In 2004, he was found mentally incompetent to stand trial and is still incarcerated in a federal medical facility.

Pine Island, Minnesota
Pine Island is a city in Goodhue and Olmsted counties in the U.S. state of Minnesota. Most of Pine Island is in Goodhue County, but a small part extends into Olmsted County, making that portion part of the Rochester metropolitan area. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,769.

The community has a strong agricultural base, but has been transitioning over time into a bedroom community for nearby Rochester, which employs many local residents. It is also the site of Minnesota's first diverging diamond interchange.