hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
World Happiness Report
The World Happiness Report is a publication that contains articles and rankings of national happiness, based on respondent ratings of their own lives, which the report also correlates with various (quality of) life factors.

Since 2024, the report has been published by the Wellbeing Research Centre at the University of Oxford, in partnership with Gallup, the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network, and an independent editorial board. The editorial board consists of the three founding editors, John F. Helliwell, Richard Layard, and Jeffrey D. Sachs, along with Jan-Emmanuel De Neve, Lara Aknin, and Shun Wang.

The report primarily uses data from the Gallup World Poll.  As of March 2025, Finland has been ranked the happiest country in the world for eight years in a row.

Quality of life
Quality of life (QOL) is defined by the World Health Organization as "an individual's perception of their position in life in the context of the culture and value systems in which they live and in relation to their goals, expectations, standards and concerns".

Standard indicators of the quality of life include wealth, employment, the environment, physical and mental health, education, recreation and leisure time, social belonging, religious beliefs, safety, security and freedom. QOL has a wide range of contexts, including the fields of international development, healthcare, politics and employment. Health related QOL (HRQOL) is an evaluation of QOL and its relationship with health.
Line 3 (Foshan Metro)
Line 3 of Foshan Metro (FMetro) (Chinese: 佛山地铁3号线; pinyin: Fóshān Dìtiě Sān Hào Xiàn) is a metro line in Foshan that runs 45.74 km (28.42 mi) between Zhen'an in Chancheng District and Shunde College Railway Station in Shunde District, and runs 16.38 km (10.18 mi) between Lianhe and Foshan University entirely in Nanhai District. The initial section between Shunde College Railway Station and Zhen'an opened on 28 December 2022, and the rear section between Zhen'an and Zhongshan Park (south section) and between Lianhe and Foshan University (north section) opened on 23 August 2024. The full line will run from Shunde Port in Shunde District to Foshan University in Nanhai District.

Foshan
Foshan (UK: /foʊˈʃæn/, US also /-ˈʃɑːn/; Chinese: 佛山) or Fatshan (also Fatsan, Jyutping: Fat6saan1) is a prefecture-level city in central Guangdong Province, China. The entire prefecture covers 3,848 km2 (1,486 sq mi) and had a population of 9,498,863 as of the 2020 census. The city is part of the western side of the Pearl River Delta megalopolis, a conurbation housing 86,100,000 inhabitants, making it the biggest urban area of the world.

Foshan is regarded as the home of Cantonese opera, a genre of Chinese opera; Nanquan, a martial art; and lion dancing.
Burgo de Osma Cathedral
The Cathedral of the Assumption of Mary  is a Roman Catholic cathedral located in El Burgo de Osma, Spain. It was built in the Gothic architectural style, and was constructed on an area previously occupied by a Romanesque church. It is one of the best preserved medieval buildings in the country, and considered one of the best examples of thirteenth-century gothic architecture in Spain. The building of the church started in 1232, and was completed in 1784. The cloister is from 1512. The tower is from 1739.

Burgo de Osma-Ciudad de Osma
Burgo de Osma-Ciudad de Osma is the third-largest municipality in the province of Soria, in the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. It has a population of about 5,250.

It is made up of two parts:

the smaller Ciudad de Osma (city of Osma) to the west of the river Ucero, which flows southwards to the river Duero; and

the larger El Burgo de Osma (the borough of Osma, sometimes just called El Burgo) to the east of the river Ucero, the cathedral town of the province.

Osma derives from the Celto-Roman Uxama, while Burgo is cognate to the English word borough.
Mabel Cheung
Mabel Cheung Yuen Ting  (Chinese: 張婉婷, born 17 November 1950) is a film director from Hong Kong. She is one of the leading directors in Hong Kong cinema and is considered one of the three women (along with Ann Hui and Clara Law) to achieve acclaim in the New Wave/Second Wave in Hong Kong. Cheung made her first film in 1985 as a student at New York University. Cheung is known for working with the migration issues of Hongkongers and overseas Chinese, especially before the 1997 handover of Hong Kong.

Her films include the "migration trilogy": The Illegal Immigrant (1985), An Autumn's Tale (1987) and Eight Taels of Gold (1989). The Soong Sisters (1997) marks another peak of her filming career. All four films were made in collaboration with writer Alex Law.

Cheung is a Guest Lecturer at the Hong Kong Baptist University Academy of Film and an Honorary University Fellow at the University of Hong Kong.

Cheung is the Vice-Chairperson of the Hong Kong Film Development Council.

The Illegal Immigrant
The Illegal Immigrant is a 1985 Hong Kong film directed by Mabel Cheung with the screenplay written by Alex Law. As Cheung's debut film, it tells about the story of a Chinese illegal immigrant in the United States seeking for his legal status through a sham marriage falls in love with his fake bride.

The film, along with An Autumn's Tale and Eight Taels of Gold, formed Cheung and Law's "Migration Trilogy".
The Yearling (1946 film)
The Yearling is a 1946 American Family Western film directed by Clarence Brown, produced by Sidney Franklin, and released  by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). The screenplay by Paul Osborn and John Lee Mahin (uncredited) was adapted from Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings's 1938 novel of the same name. The film stars: Gregory Peck, Jane Wyman, Claude Jarman Jr. in his film debut, Chill Wills and Forrest Tucker.

The story follows a boy named Jody, who adopts a trouble-making young deer. The story was later adapted as the 1994 TV film The Yearling starring Peter Strauss and Jean Smart.

The movie becoming the ninth-highest-grossing film of 1946 in United States.

Paul Osborn
Paul Osborn (September 4, 1901 – May 12, 1988) was an American playwright and screenwriter. Osborn's original plays are The Vinegar Tree, Oliver Oliver, and Morning's at Seven and among his several successful adaptations, On Borrowed Time has proved particularly popular. He wrote the screenplays for East of Eden (1955) and South Pacific (1958), among other films.
David Smith (historian)
David L. Smith (born 3 December 1963 in London) is a noted historian at Selwyn College, Cambridge. He specializes in Early Modern British history, particularly political, constitutional, legal and religious history within the Stuart period.  He is the author or co-author of eight books, and the editor or co-editor of seven others, and he has also published more than seventy essays and articles (see list of chief publications below).

Eastbourne College
Eastbourne College is a co-educational fee-charging school in the English public school tradition, for boarding and day pupils aged 13–18, in the town of Eastbourne in East Sussex on the south coast of England. The college's headmaster is Tom Lawson.
Arthur Redden
Arthur Gray Redden (born June 19, 1936) is an American boxer. A U.S. Marine, he competed in the men's light heavyweight event at the 1968 Summer Olympics. At the 1968 Summer Olympics, he lost to Georgi Stankov of Bulgaria. Previously he played football and was a track and field athlete at Arkansas AM & N.

He was a contestant on a 1971 episode of the syndicated version of Hollywood Squares.

In 1994, he was inducted into the Delaware Sports Hall of Fame.

Delaware Sports Museum and Hall of Fame
The Delaware Sports Museum and Hall of Fame was founded in 1976. Al Cartwright, who helped found it, was its first president and was inducted to its hall of fame in 1980. The current museum building was constructed in 1993.

The Delaware Sports Museum and Hall of Fame is a member of the International Sports Heritage Association.

The Delaware Sports Museum and Hall of Fame contains the Izzy Katzman Sports Library, named after a 1993 inductee.
If I Were King
If I Were King is a 1938 American biographical and historical film starring Ronald Colman as medieval poet François Villon, and featuring Basil Rathbone and Frances Dee. It is based on the 1901 play and novel, both of the same name, by Justin Huntly McCarthy, and was directed by Frank Lloyd, with a screenplay adaptation by Preston Sturges.

Frank Lloyd
Frank William George Lloyd (2 February 1886 – 10 August 1960) was a Scottish-American film director, screenwriter, producer and actor. He was among the founders of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, and was its president from 1934 to 1935.

He is Scotland's first Academy Award winner and is unique in film history, having received three Oscar nominations in 1929 for his work on a silent film (The Divine Lady), a part-talkie (Weary River) and a full talkie (Drag). He won for The Divine Lady. He was nominated and won again in 1933 for his adaptation of Noël Coward's Cavalcade and received a further Best Director nomination in 1935 for perhaps his most successful film, Mutiny on the Bounty.

In 1957, he was awarded the George Eastman Award, given by George Eastman House for distinguished contribution to the art of film. In 1960, Lloyd received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his contributions to the motion pictures industry, at 6667 Hollywood Boulevard.
Louis Gordon
Louis Gordon (born 1965) is an English musician notable for his collaboration with John Foxx. He has worked with Foxx on a number of albums since 1995. His solo work has also been released on the Toffeetones record label.

John Foxx
John Foxx (born Dennis Leigh; 26 September 1948) is an English singer, musician, artist, photographer, graphic designer, writer, teacher and lecturer. He was the original lead singer of the new wave band Ultravox, before leaving to embark on a solo career in 1980 with the album Metamatic.

Primarily associated with electronic synthesizer music, he has also pursued a parallel career in graphic design and education. Andy Kellman of AllMusic described Foxx as an influential cult figure whose "detached, jolting vocal style inspired mainstream and underground artists across the decades".
Chattambinadu
Chattambinaadu (English: The Rowdy Land) is a 2009 Indian Malayalam-language action comedy film directed by Shafi and written by Benny P. Nayarambalam. The film was made under Mammootty's production company Play House which distributed it as well. The film stars Mammootty, Siddique, Manoj K. Jayan, Suraj Venjaramoodu, Vinu Mohan, Raai Laxmi and Salim Kumar. The film's music was done by Alex Paul.

Chattambinadu was released on 24 December 2009, on 80 screens in Kerala. Despite getting mixed reviews from critics the film was a commercial success, becoming the Christmas winner. The character played by Suraj Venjarammoodu, Dasamoolam Damu, has over the years attained cult status and remains one of Suraj Venjaramoodu's most memorable roles.

Salim Kumar
Salim Kumar (born 10 October 1969) is an Indian actor, comedian, director and writer in Malayalam cinema. Mostly known for his comic and comedy roles, Salim Kumar is considered one of the best and most prominent comedians in the history of Malayalam cinema.

In his later career, Salim Kumar also found success in playing character roles and won the National Film Award for Best Actor in 2010 for his role in Adaminte Makan Abu (which also won the year's Kerala State Film Award). His directorial film Karutha Joothan won the 2017 Kerala State Film Award for Best Story. He has also won the Kerala State Film Award for Second Best Actor for Achanurangatha Veedu (2005) and a Kerala State Television Award for Best Actor (2013).
John Bengtson
John D. Bengtson (1948–2024) was an American historical and anthropological linguist. He had been president and vice-president of the Association for the Study of Language in Prehistory, and had served as editor (or co-editor) of the journal Mother Tongue (1996–2003, 2007–2024). Since 2001 he had been a member/researcher of Evolution of Human Languages, an international project on the linguistic prehistory of humanity coordinated by the Santa Fe Institute. His areas of work included Scandinavian languages and linguistics, Indo-European linguistics, the proposed Dené–Caucasian language family and paleolinguistics.

Paleolinguistics
Paleolinguistics is a term used by some linguists for the study of the distant human past by linguistic means. For most historical linguists there is no separate field of paleolinguistics. Those who use the term are generally advocates of hypotheses not generally accepted by mainstream historical linguists, a group colloquially referred to as "long-rangers".
Shinglehouse, Pennsylvania
Shinglehouse is a borough in Potter County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 1,108 at the time of the 2020 census.

The community was named for a landmark shingled inn near the original town site.

Potter County, Pennsylvania
Potter County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, its population was 16,396, making it the fifth-least populous county in Pennsylvania. Its county seat is Coudersport. The county was created in 1804 and later organized in 1836. It is named after James Potter, who was a general from Pennsylvania in the Continental Army during the American Revolution. Due to its remoteness and natural environment, it has been nicknamed “God's Country”.

The county is part of the North Central Pennsylvania region of the state.
Gil Cedillo
Gilbert Anthony Cedillo (born March 25, 1954) is an American politician who served as a member of the Los Angeles City Council for the 1st district from 2013 to 2022. A member of the Democratic Party, Cedillo was previously a member of both the California State Assembly and the California State Senate.

When Hilda Solis joined the Obama administration, Cedillo became a candidate to replace her for California's 32nd congressional district seat, but lost to Judy Chu in the 2009 special election. Cedillo lost his Los Angeles City Council seat in the 2022 election to left-wing challenger Eunisses Hernandez. In October 2022, Cedillo faced widespread calls for his resignation after an audio recording of him and other council members making racist remarks was released. He was formally censured by the City Council in a unanimous 12-0 vote on October 26.

Los Angeles's 1st City Council district
Los Angeles's 1st City Council district is one of the fifteen districts in the Los Angeles City Council. It is currently represented by Democrat Eunisses Hernandez since 2022, after she beat previous councilmember Gil Cedillo that year.

The district was created in 1925 after a new city charter was passed, which replaced the former at-large voting system for a nine-member council with a district system with a 15-member council. Between 1923 and 1987, District 1 represented all, then parts, of the San Fernando Valley. It was redistricted in 1987 after the death of councilmember Howard Finn to cover an area northwest and north of Downtown Los Angeles in order to provide another majority-Hispanic council district in the city.
Likuyani Constituency
Likuyani is a constituency in Kenya. It is one of twelve constituencies in Kakamega County. It is also a subcounty in the Kakamega County, having been split from Lugari subcounty and bordering Trans Nzoia County to the west.

Kakamega County
Kakamega County is a county in the former Western Province of Kenya. It borders Vihiga County to the South, Siaya County to the West, Bungoma and Trans Nzoia counties to the North and Nandi, and Uasin Gishu counties to the East. Its capital and largest town is Kakamega town. The county has a population of 1,867,579, and an area of 3,033.8 km2.
Murder Mistaken
Murder Mistaken is a 1952 thriller play by the British author Janet Green. It first appeared at the Prince of Wales Theatre in Cardiff under the title Teddy Bare's Picnic. It then transferred to London's West End under its new title first at the Ambassadors Theatre and then at the Vaudeville Theatre. It's West End run lasted 156 performances between 4 November 1952 and 28 March 1953. The West End cast included Derek Farr, Anthony Marlowe, Phyllis Morris, Iris Hoey, Brenda de Banzie, Patricia Burke and Rosalie Crutchley. It appeared on Broadway under the alternative title Gently Does It, lasting for thirty seven performances at the Playhouse Theatre. Green wrote a novelisation in 1953 with Leonard Gribble.

Derek Farr
Derrick Capel Farr (7 February 1912 – 21 March 1986) was an English actor who appeared regularly in British films and television from 1938 until his death in 1986. His more famous roles include Group Captain John Whitworth in The Dam Busters.
Carolina Rediviva
Carolina Rediviva is a part of Uppsala University Library in Uppsala, Sweden. The building was begun in 1820 and completed in 1841. The original architect was Carl Fredrik Sundvall. Later additions to the building have been designed by Axel Johan Anderberg and Peter Celsing. The name, literally "Carolina Revived", was given in remembrance of the old Academia Carolina building, which had functioned as the university library for most of the 18th century (see Uppsala University Library). Carolina Rediviva is the oldest and largest university library building in the country. It is also the site where the Codex Argenteus and the Cancionero de Upsala are kept.

Cancionero de Upsala
The Cancionero de Upsala [sic], also known by the titles Cancionero del Duque de Calabria and Cancionero de Venecia, is a volume of mostly anonymous Spanish music printed in Venice in 1556. Its actual title is Villancicos de diversos Autores, a dos, y a tres, y a quatro, y a cinco bozes, agora nuevamente corregidos. Ay mas ocho tonos de Canto llano, y ocho tonos de Canto de Organo para que puedan aprovechar los que A cantar començaren. Venetiis, Apud Hieronymum Scotum, MDLVI.
The Motel Life
The Motel Life (2006) is the debut novel by musician and writer Willy Vlautin.  It tells the story of two brothers from Reno, Nevada, whose lives are thrown into turmoil following a tragic accident. It was made into a movie starring Emile Hirsch, Stephen Dorff, and Dakota Fanning, and released in November 2013.

Stephen Dorff
Stephen Hartley Dorff Jr. (born July 29, 1973) is an American actor. Starting his film career as a child appearing in the cult horror film The Gate (1987), Dorff first rose to prominence playing Peter Philip Kennith Keith (nicknamed "PK") in The Power of One (1992) and later as Stuart Sutcliffe in Backbeat (1994) and then gained further mainstream attention for portraying Deacon Frost in Blade (1998). Other notable lead roles include the titular character in John Waters' Cecil B. DeMented (2000) and  Johnny Marco in Sofia Coppola's Somewhere (2010).

Supporting roles include Candy Darling in I Shot Andy Warhol (1996), Detective Scott Strauss World Trade Center (2006), Homer Van  Meter in Public Enemies (2009), Stavros in Immortals (2011), Joseph Kuklinski in The Iceman (2012) and Ketchum in Old Henry (2021). He is also  known for portraying Roland West in the third season of HBO's crime drama anthology series True Detective (2019).
The Fighting Irish
"The Fighting Irish" is the seventeenth episode of NBC's first season of 30 Rock. It was written by one of the season's co-executive producers, Jack Burditt, and it was directed by Dennie Gordon. It aired on March 8, 2007, in the United States. Guest stars who appear in this episode are Dan Bakkedahl, Katrina Bowden, Anna Chlumsky, Siobhan Fallon Hogan, Nathan Lane, Boris McGiver, Brian Murray, Maulik Pancholy, Lonny Ross, Molly Shannon, Jason Sudeikis and Kristen Sudeikis.

The episode features the appearance of Jack Donaghy's (Alec Baldwin) brother, Eddie Donaghy (Nathan Lane), who visits Jack claiming that their father (Brian Murray) is dead. Jack also tells Liz Lemon (Tina Fey) that she has to fire ten percent of her staff. Liz struggles with this task until she meets Floyd's girlfriend, Liz Lemler (Chlumsky), who works in the accounting department at TGS with Tracy Jordan.

Anna Chlumsky
Anna Maria Chlumsky (/ˈklʌmski/ KLUM-skee; born December 3, 1980) is an American actress. She began acting as a child, and first became known for playing Vada Sultenfuss in the film My Girl (1991) and its sequel, My Girl 2 (1994). Following her early roles, she went on hiatus from 1999 to 2005 to attend college.
Chlumsky returned to acting with roles in several independent films, including Blood Car (2007) and In the Loop (2009). She portrayed Amy Brookheimer on the HBO television series Veep (2012–2019), which earned her six nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series, among other accolades.
James Harper (actor)
James Harper is an American actor. He has been in movies and guest-starred on television shows including Frasier, Matlock, NYPD Blue, Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, and JAG. He also played the role of Admiral Kelso in the 1998 film Armageddon. In addition to acting, Harper has contributed his voice to several video games, most notably StarCraft as Arcturus Mengsk, Resistance: Fall of Man, and Diablo II. Harper reprised his role of Arcturus Mengsk in StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty and StarCraft II: Heart of the Swarm.

Harper portrayed Louisiana State Senator Willie Rainach in the 1989 film Blaze, with Paul Newman as Governor Earl Long.

Blaze (1989 film)
Blaze is a 1989 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Ron Shelton, based on the 1974 memoir Blaze Starr: My Life as Told to Huey Perry by Blaze Starr and Huey Perry. The film stars Paul Newman as Earl Long and Lolita Davidovich as Blaze Starr.

At the 62nd Academy Awards in 1990, the film received a nomination for Best Cinematography for Haskell Wexler. It was Wexler's fifth and final nomination, previously winning for Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1966) and Bound for Glory (1976).
River Tat
The River Tat is a short river in the County of Norfolk, England. It is an important headwater for the River Wensum of which it is a tributary. Its source is on Syderstone Common, just north of the village of Tattersett. The marshes and pools of Syderstone Common that provide the headwaters for the river are a site of special scientific interest (SSSI) and are the home of a viable colony of the rare Natterjack Toad.

Tattersett
Tattersett is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk.  It covers an area of 11.38 square kilometres (4.39 square miles), and had a population of 902 in 390 households at the 2001 census, the population increasing to 962 at the 2011 Census.  For the purposes of local government, it falls within the district of North Norfolk.

The village is on the north side of the A148 King's Lynn to Cromer road.  The River Tat,  a tributary of the River Wensum, rises close to the village.
Cannon House Office Building
The Cannon House Office Building (often called the "Old House Office Building"), completed in 1908, is the oldest office building of the United States Congress in Washington, D.C. A significant example of the Beaux-Arts style of architecture, it occupies a site south of the United States Capitol bounded by Independence Avenue, First Street, New Jersey Avenue, and C Street S.E. In 1962 the building was named for former Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Joseph Gurney Cannon.

Architect of the Capitol
The Architect of the Capitol (AOC) is a federal agency within the legislative branch of the United States government that is responsible for the maintenance, operation, development, construction, building preservation, and property management of the United States Capitol Complex and is accountable directly to the United States Congress and the Supreme Court of the United States.

Both the agency and the head of the agency are called "Architect of the Capitol". The head of the agency is appointed by a vote of a congressional commission for a ten-year term. Prior to 2024, the president of the United States appointed the architect upon confirmation vote by the United States Senate, and was accountable to the president.