hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hanalei National Wildlife Refuge
The Hanalei National Wildlife Refuge is a National Wildlife Refuge on the island of Kauaʻi in Hawaiʻi.  It is located within the Hanalei River Valley along the island's northern shore.  The Refuge was established on 30 November 1972 for the conservation of endangered plants and animals, especially the Hawaiian stilt, Hawaiian coot, Hawaiian gallinule and Hawaiian duck.

Hawaiian gallinule
The Hawaiian gallinule (Gallinula galeata sandvicensis) is an endangered subspecies of the common gallinule that is endemic to the tropical Hawaiian Islands. It is also variously known as the Hawaiian common gallinule, Hawaiian moorhen, Hawaiian common moorhen, mudhen, or  ʻalae ʻula ('burnt forehead' - for its prominent red frontal shield) in Hawaiian, and sometimes misleadingly as the Hawaiian red coot. It is a

It is dependent on freshwater wetland habitats with dense emergent vegetation for nesting. Once found on most of the main islands of the Hawaiian archipelago, it has undergone a major population and range decline and is now a resident breeder only on Kauaʻi and Oʻahu. Causes of the decline were mainly loss of habitat, hunting and predation by introduced animals, with numbers subsequently stabilised at a low level through legal protection and conservation management. Despite being hunted for food, it was mythologised as the keeper of fire in Hawaiian religion.
Wealth Tax Commission
The Wealth Tax Commission in the United Kingdom was a group of experts studying the desirability and feasibility of a wealth tax. The three Commissioners, Arun Advani, Emma Chamberlain and Andy Summers, cooperated with a large network of academics, policymakers and tax practitioners to produce an extensive evidence base on the wealth tax. The Commissioners’ final report was released in December 2020, recommending that, if the government wants to raise more tax revenue, the introduction of a one-off wealth tax (capital levy) would be preferred to increasing other taxes.

Capital levy
A capital levy is a tax on capital rather than income, collected once, rather than repeatedly (regular collection would make it a wealth tax). For example, a capital levy of 30% will see an individual or business with a net worth of $100,000 pay a one-off sum of $30,000, regardless of income. Capital levies are considered difficult for a government to implement.

Some economists argue that capital levies are a disincentive to savings and investment, and cause capital flight, but others argue that in theory this need not be the case. The latter view was popular in the World Wars; in the 2010s, it has also gained some acceptance as more heavily indebted nations struggle to raise revenues.
Miss You (Gabrielle Aplin song)
"Miss You" is a song by English singer-songwriter Gabrielle Aplin. It was released through Aplin's record label Never Fade Records on 9 November 2016, as the lead single from her fifth extended play of the same name. The song was written by Aplin and Liz Horsman, and produced by Mike Spencer and Horsman.

Miss You (EP)
Miss You is the fifth extended play (EP) by English singer-songwriter Gabrielle Aplin. It was released on 16 December 2016 through Aplin's record label, Never Fade Records. The EP was supported by the lead single and title track, "Miss You", released on 9 November 2016.
Gomsi
Gomsi  is an ancient archaeological site located between Rani Village and Sika Tode in East Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh, India. It is dated to the 13th-14th century by the Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh and is associated with the Chutia Kingdom. It is located at the field of Rani Village, about 15 km from the town of Pasighat.

It might have acted as a checkpoint of the Chutia kingdom to keep peace in the region as well to control the trade exchanges at that period. There is also an ancient man-made pond(pukhuri) built as a part of the settlement.

Rani Village
Rani Village or Rani is a small village located in the Sille-Oyan circle of East Siang district, Arunachal Pradesh with a total of 924 residing families. It is situated 12 km from the district headquarter Pasighat and the 3rd largest village in the East Siang district, after Riga Village and Mirem Village.
In Codice Ratio
In Codice Ratio is a research project designed to study and use novel techniques such as Optical Character Recognition and Artificial Intelligence to digitize works in the Vatican Apostolic Archive, most of which is handwritten.

Vatican Apostolic Archive
The Vatican Apostolic Archive (Latin: Archivum Apostolicum Vaticanum; Italian: Archivio Apostolico Vaticano), formerly known as the Vatican Secret Archive (Latin: Archivum Secretum Vaticanum; Italian: Archivio Segreto Vaticano), is the central repository in the Vatican City of all acts promulgated by the Holy See.

The Pope, as the sovereign of Vatican City, owns the material held in the archive until his death or resignation, with ownership passing to his successor. The archive also contains state papers, correspondence, account books, and many other documents that the church has accumulated over the centuries.

Pope Paul V separated the Secret Archive from the Vatican Library, where scholars had some very limited access, and the archive remained closed altogether to outsiders until the late 19th century, when Pope Leo XIII opened the archive to researchers, more than a thousand of whom now examine some of its documents each year.
NSW Philip Parsons Fellowship for Emerging Playwrights
The NSW Philip Parsons Fellowship for Emerging Playwrights, formerly the Philip Parsons Young Playwrights Award, is an Australian annual award for early-career playwrights in New South Wales, offered by Belvoir St Theatre and Arts NSW from 1995. It was last awarded in 2018.

Counting and Cracking
Counting and Cracking is a play by Australian playwright S. Shakthidharan (better known as Shakthi). Theatre director Eamon Flack is credited as associate writer.  The three-and-a-half hour play is based on the playwright's family story, and follows four generations from 1956 to 2004, from Sri Lanka to Australia. It had its world premiere January 2019 at the Sydney Festival, with the same production staged as part of the Adelaide Festival in March 2019.

The play won seven Helpmann Awards, including Best Play and Best New Australian Work, as well as other awards.
Jet Job
Jet Job  is a 1952 American aviation action film directed by William Beaudine. The film stars Stanley Clements, John Litel and Bob Nichols. Jet Job features stock footage of various types of USAF military aircraft.

William Beaudine
William Washington Beaudine (January 15, 1892 – March 18, 1970) was an American film director. He was one of Hollywood's most prolific directors, turning out a remarkable 179 feature-length films in a wide variety of genres.

He is best known today for his silent films Little Annie Rooney and Sparrows, both with Mary Pickford; the W. C. Fields comedy The Old Fashioned Way; several Bela Lugosi and Charlie Chan thrillers; Mom and Dad, a sex-education exploitation film; and the popular Bowery Boys comedies.
Hausvogteiplatz (Berlin U-Bahn)
Hausvogteiplatz is a Berlin U-Bahn station on line U2, located in Mitte. The eponymous square, former site of a bastion of the historic city fortification (Berlin Fortress), was named after the Prussian aulic court and prison. In the late 19th century it had developed as a centre of Berlin's clothing industry.

The station, designed by Alfred Grenander, opened on 1 October 1908 with Berlin's second U-Bahn line, running from Potsdamer Platz on the initial Stammstrecke route to Spittelmarkt. During an air raid on 3 February 1945 it was devastated by a direct bomb hit and could not be reopened until 1950.

Berlin Fortress
The Berlin Fortress (German "Festung Berlin") was the fortification of the historic city of Berlin. Construction started in 1650. The ramparts, walls, moats and glacis of the 17th-century bastion fort ran around the historic city limits. The demolition of its ramparts began in 1740.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Woodford County, Kentucky
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Woodford County, Kentucky.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Woodford County, Kentucky, United States.  The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 86 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, of which 1 is a National Historic Landmark.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted July 11, 2025.

Woodford County, Kentucky
Woodford County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 26,871. Its county seat is Versailles. The area was home to Pisgah Academy. Woodford County is part of the Lexington-Fayette, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located in the center of the Bluegrass region of Kentucky.
Tifoujar Pass
Tifoujar Pass is a mountain pass in Mauritania. It is located in the Adrar Plateau, 400 km northeast of the capital Nouakchott. The pass, completely sandy, dominates an eponymous gorge which ends in the Oued el Abiod or White Valley on the eastern side and originates the erg Amatlich on its western slopes.

The area has hot desert climate in the Köppen climate classification.  The annual average temperature is 30 °C. The warmest month is May with average temperatures of 35 °C, and the coldest is January, with 22 °C. The average annual rainfall is 108 mm. The most humid month is September, with 46 mm of rainfall, and the driest is January, with 1 mm of rainfall.

Erg Amatlich
Located south-west of the city of Atar in Mauritania, erg Amatlich is a vast dune barrier of small dimensions (130 km x 5 km to 8 km) trapped between the mountains of the Adrar plateau. The erg, stretching from NW to SE, originates at the cliffs of the Tifoujar Pass and extends to the Akjoujt area where it takes the name of Dkhaïna extending to the Atlantic Ocean.

In addition to endless dunes, Erg Amatlich gathers a great variety of Saharan landscapes such as canyons, cliffs, cultivable basins and palm groves like Azoueïga, located on the west side of the erg.

There are many Neolithic sites, such as the Khatt Lemaiteg.
Omoo
Omoo: A Narrative of Adventures in the South Seas is the second book by American writer Herman Melville, first published in London in 1847, and a sequel to his first South Seas narrative Typee, also based on the author's experiences in the South Pacific. After leaving the island of Nuku Hiva, the main character ships aboard a whaling vessel that makes its way to Tahiti, after which there is a mutiny and a third of the crew are imprisoned on Tahiti. In 1949, the narrative was adapted into the exploitation film Omoo-Omoo, the Shark God.

Omoo-Omoo, the Shark God
Omoo-Omoo the Shark God is a 1949 American exploitation film directed by Leon Leonard. Loosely based on the Herman Melville novel Omoo, it is about the curses that befall a ship following the removal of pearls from an island shrine.

The film is also known as The Shark God in the United Kingdom.
Sun and planet gear
The sun and planet gear is a method of converting reciprocating motion to rotary motion and was used in the first rotative beam engines.

It was invented by the Scottish engineer William Murdoch, an employee of Boulton and Watt, but was patented by James Watt in October 1781.
  It was invented to bypass the patent on the crank, already held by James Pickard. It played an important part in the development of devices for rotation in the Industrial Revolution.

James Pickard
James Pickard was an English inventor. He modified the Newcomen engine in a manner that it could deliver a rotary motion. His solution, which he patented in 1780, involved the combined use of a crank and a flywheel.

James Watt's company Boulton and Watt circumvented Pickard's patent, with an invention of their employee William Murdoch, the so-called sun and planet gear, patented by Watt in 1781.
Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Memorial
The Moti Shahi Mahal is a palace built by the Mughal emperor Shahjahan between 1616 and 1623, when he was still a prince. It hosts the Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel National Memorial, a museum and exhibition centre dedicated to Vallabhbhai Patel in Shahibaug, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, near Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad. It is surrounded by gardens.

Shahibaug
Shahibaug is one of the prominent neighborhoods of the city of Ahmedabad. It is primarily inhabited by the Marwadi and Jain communities, and is considered one of the wealthiest locales of Ahmedabad. The various food joints in the locality are famous throughout the city, particularly the ones serving Rajasthani cuisine. Additionally, the Dudheshwar area of Shahibaug on the west is inhabited mostly by Muslims and migrants from other states.
Urus Khan
Urus Khan (died 1377) was the eighth Khan of the White Horde and a disputed Khan of the Blue Horde; he was a direct descendant of Genghis Khan. Urus himself was the direct ancestor of the khans of the Kazakh Khanate.

White Horde
The White Horde (Mongolian: ᠴᠠᠭᠠᠨ ᠣᠷᠳᠣ, Цагаан орд, Cagaan ord; Kazakh: Ақ Орда, romanized: Aq Orda), or more appropriately, the left wing of the Jochid ulus, was one of the uluses within the Mongol Empire formed around 1225, after the death of Jochi when his son, Orda, inherited his father's appanage by the Jaxartes. It was the eastern constituent part of the Golden Horde (Jochid ulus) alongside the Blue Horde to the west.
Arctia menetriesii
Arctia menetriesii, the Menetries' tiger moth, is a species of tiger moth in the family Erebidae. It was first described by Eduard Friedrich Eversmann in 1846. It is found in Karelia, Oktyabrskoe, northeastern Kazakhstan, Altai Mountains, Sayan Mountains, Evenkia, Yakutia, the central Amur region, Primorsky Krai and central Sakhalin. It was believed to be extinct in Fennoscandia, but the species has been recently recorded in Finland.

Larvae feed on Aconitum rubicundum, Taraxacum, Plantago and Polygonum species.

This species was formerly the sole member of the genus Borearctia, but was transferred to Arctia as a result of phylogenetic research published by Rönkä et al. in 2016.

Arctiinae
The Arctiinae (formerly called the family Arctiidae) are a large and diverse subfamily of moths with around 11,000 species found all over the world, including 6,000 neotropical species. This subfamily includes the groups commonly known as tiger moths (or tigers), which usually have bright colours, footmen, which are usually much drabber, lichen moths, and wasp moths. Many species have "hairy" caterpillars that are popularly known as woolly bears or woolly worms. The scientific name Arctiinae refers to this hairiness (Gk. αρκτος = a bear). Some species within the Arctiinae have the word "tussock"' in their common names because they have been misidentified as members of the Lymantriinae subfamily based on the characteristics of the larvae.
Una aventura llamada Menudo
Una aventura llamada Menudo (English: An Adventure Called Menudo) is a 1982 film featuring teen boy band Menudo and Puerto Rican actress Gladys Rodríguez. The film's soundtrack received a nomination for a Grammy Award for Best Latin Pop Album.

Gladys Rodríguez
Gladys Rodríguez (born June 4, 1943) is a Puerto Rican actress, comedian, and television host. She is also a Christian pastor and a priest at an Episcopalian church in Oviedo, Florida, near Orlando, United States.
Moving Malcolm
Moving Malcolm is a Canadian comedy-drama film, directed by Benjamin Ratner and released in 2003.

The film stars Ratner as Gene Maxwell, a man who is forced to piece his life back together after being dumped at the altar by his fiancée Liz (Elizabeth Berkley), but is asked after the wedding to help her move her father Malcolm (John Neville) to a new apartment in a seniors home. The cast also includes Jay Brazeau and Babz Chula as Gene's parents George and Gisha and Rebecca Harker as his autistic sister Jolea, as well as Linda Sorenson, Nicholas Lea, Nancy Sivak and Tom Scholte in supporting roles.

Ratner acknowledged that the film was partially autobiographical; although Ratner was never personally jilted by a fiancée, he based Gene Maxwell's family on his own.

The film premiered at the 2003 Montreal World Film Festival, where it received an honorable mention from the Best First Feature award jury.

Nancy Sivak
Nancy Sivak is a Canadian actress. She is most noted for her performance in the film Dirty, for which she won the Leo Award for Best Lead Actress in a Film in 1999.

At the Vancouver Film Critics Circle Awards 2000, she also received a dual nomination for Best Actress in a Canadian film for her performances in the films Protection and No More Monkeys Jumpin' on the Bed.

Originally from Edmonton, Alberta, Sivak has spent much of her career based in Vancouver, British Columbia. Her other credits have included the films Live Bait, Last Wedding, Living with the Dead, Everyone, Imaginary Playmate, Moving Malcolm, Mount Pleasant, Crimes of Mike Recket and Down River, guest roles in television, and stage performances in the Vancouver area. She has won two Jessie Richardson Theatre Awards for her stage performances.
Mansa, Zambia
Mansa is the capital of the Luapula Province of Zambia, and headquarters of Mansa District. It takes its name from the local Chief Mansa and the small Mansa River which flows west to the Luapula River. During British rule the city was named Fort Rosebery.

Mansa District, Zambia
Mansa District with headquarters at Mansa is a district located in Luapula Province. As of the 2022 Zambian Census, the district had a population of 327,063 people. It consists of two constituencies, namely Mansa Central and Bahati.
Francis Krebs
Francis Krebs (born December 12, 1946) is an American Bishop of the Ecumenical Catholic Communion who is  currently serving as Presiding Bishop. He took office September 18, 2015 replacing Bishop Peter Elder Hickman, founding Bishop and Presiding Bishop from 2003-2015.  With his election, the Office of Presiding Bishop moved to St. Louis, MO.

Ecumenical Catholic Communion
The Ecumenical Catholic Communion (ECC) is an Independent Old Catholic church based within the United States. Its members understand themselves as following the Catholic tradition without being in communion with the Bishop of Rome. The ECC is a confederation of independent communities based in the United States and Europe. The membership of the ECC is about 10,000, including seven bishops, and more than 50 communities across 20 states. In 2009, the Ecumenical Anglican Church (EAC), an independent church, joined the ECC. The ECC is a member of the National Council of Churches (NCC).

The Ecumenical Catholic Communion differs from Roman Catholic practice in many ways, such as consecrating married individuals to the episcopacy, ordaining women, and permitting remarriage after divorce.
Kiyoyuki Yanada
Kiyoyuki Yanada (梁田 清之, Yanada Kiyoyuki; May 10, 1965 – November 14, 2022) was a Japanese freelance voice actor who was formerly affiliated with Kyu Production, 81 Produce, and D-COLOR. As a child, he wanted to be a physical education teacher before becoming a voice actor in 1987. The first role he auditioned for was Shutendouji in Ronin Warriors. He took over some of the roles from the late Yō Yoshimura and Kazuyuki Sogabe. His hobbies included driving and sports such as baseball, soccer, and karate.

On November 21, 2022, it was announced that Yanada died whilst undergoing cancer treatment on November 14 at the age of 57.

81 Produce
81 Produce (株式会社81プロデュース, Kabushiki-gaisha Eitiwan Purodyūsu) is a voice talent management firm in Japan founded on 3 February 1981 (thus the year is the company's namesake). A hybrid CD-ROM featuring voice talent data for members of 81 Produce was released on 19 October 1997. The company is located in Shibuya, Tokyo.
Mary Jane Croft
Mary Jane Croft (February 15, 1916 – August 24, 1999) was an American actress best known for roles as Betty Ramsey on I Love Lucy, Miss Daisy Enright on the radio and television versions of Our Miss Brooks, Mary Jane Lewis on The Lucy Show and Here's Lucy, and Clara Randolph on The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet.

Elliott Lewis (actor)
Elliott Bruce Lewis (November 28, 1917 – May 23, 1990) was an American actor, writer, producer, and director who worked in radio and television during the 20th century. He was known for his ability to work in these capacities across all genres during the golden age of radio, which earned him the nickname "Mr. Radio". Later in life, he wrote a series of detective novels.
Colegio Alemán de Guadalajara
The Colegio Alemán de Guadalajara A.C. is a German international school in Zapopan, Jalisco, in Greater Guadalajara. The school serves kindergarten through bachillerato (high school). It was founded in 1979. The school offers the IB Diploma Programme for their students.

Zapopan
Zapopan (Latin American Spanish pronunciation: [saˈpopan]) is a city and municipality located in the Mexican state of Jalisco. It is part of the Guadalajara Metropolitan Area. Zapopan is the most populous municipality in the state of Jalisco.

Zapopan is notable for the Basilica of Our Lady of Zapopan, which houses a 16th-century image of the Virgin Mary. The statue has been recognized by various popes and was visited by Pope John Paul II. The municipality is also home to the Centro Cultural Universitario as well as the Estadio Akron, C.D. Guadalajara's official stadium.

The name Zapopan means "among the sapote trees". It derives from the Nahuatl word tzapotl "sapote" with the addition of the locative suffix -pan. The municipality was historically known as 'ex Villa Maicera' (former corn village) due to its past prominence in corn production. The municipal seal, designed by José Trinidad Laris in 1941, commemorates the 400th anniversary of Zapopan's founding.
Königinstraße
The Königinstraße is a street in Munich. It runs west of the Englischer Garten from the Von-der-Tann-Straße in the district of Maxvorstadt, to the north and to the Maria-Josepha-Straße and Mandlstraße in the Ensemble Alt-Schwabing.

Munich Re
Munich Re Group or Munich Reinsurance Company (German: Münchener Rück; Münchener Rückversicherungs-Gesellschaft) is a German multinational insurance company based in Munich, Germany. It is the world's largest reinsurer. ERGO, a subsidiary of Munich Re, serves as the primary insurance arm of the Group. Munich Re's shares are publicly listed. Munich Re is included in the DAX index at the Frankfurt Stock Exchange, the Euro Stoxx 50, and other indices.
Pangalan
Pangalan (stylized as PANGALAN:) (lit. 'Name') is the second studio album by Filipino singer-songwriter Unique Salonga. It was released on March 27, 2020, by O/C Records following his debut studio album Grandma in 2018.

Unique Salonga
Unique Torralba Salonga (born April 26, 2000) is a Filipino singer-songwriter, musician and producer. He is best known as the lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of the funk rock band IV of Spades. He left the band to focus on a solo career and released his first studio album Grandma in 2018, and has since recorded and released two more studio albums. His latest and third studio album Daisy, was released on September 29, 2023. He later rejoined and reunited with the band in 2025.
Fire & Ice (Yngwie Malmsteen album)
Fire & Ice is the sixth studio album by guitarist Yngwie Malmsteen, released on 7 February 1992 through Elektra Records. The album topped the Japanese albums chart, reached No. 121 on the US Billboard 200 and charted within the top 90 in the Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland.

Yngwie Malmsteen
Yngwie Johan Malmsteen (/ˈɪŋveɪ ˈmɑːlmstiːn/; born Lars Johan Yngve Lannerbäck, Swedish: [lâːʂ ˈjuːhan ˈʏŋvɛ lânːɛrbɛk] on 30 June 1963) is a Swedish-American guitarist. He first became known in the 1980s for his neoclassical playing style in heavy metal, and has released 22 studio albums in a career spanning over 40 years.