hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph Rothrock
Joseph Trimble Rothrock (April 9, 1839 – June 2, 1922) was an American environmentalist, recognized as the "Father of Forestry" in Pennsylvania. In 1895, Rothrock was appointed the first forestry commissioner to lead the newly formed Division of Forestry in the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture. Two of his major accomplishments as commissioner were his land acquisition program and the creation of a forest academy to train foresters for state service.

Penn State Mont Alto
Penn State Mont Alto is a residential commonwealth campus of the Pennsylvania State University. Located in Mont Alto, Pennsylvania, the campus offers nine four-year and seven two-year degree programs, including  nursing, forest technology, occupational therapy assistant, physical therapist assistant, business, information technology, and project and supply chain management.

In 2021, 672 students were enrolled at the campus. In May 2025, the Board of Trustees of Pennsylvania State University announced the closure of seven of its twenty regional Commonwealth campuses after the Spring 2027 semester, including Penn State Mont Alto.
Woonsocket High School
Woonsocket High School is a high school in Woonsocket, Rhode Island, United States (in Providence County). It is the only public high school in the city. Manufacturer and abolitionist Edward Harris donated the original land for the public high school.

Woonsocket, Rhode Island
Woonsocket (/wʊnˈsɒkɪt, wən-/ ⓘ wuun-SOK-it, wən-), is a city in Providence County, Rhode Island, United States. The population was 43,240 at the 2020 census, making it the sixth largest city in the state. Being Rhode Island's northernmost city, Woonsocket lies directly south of the Massachusetts state line and constitutes part of both the Providence metropolitan area and the larger Greater Boston Combined Statistical Area.

The city is the corporate headquarters of CVS Health, a pharmacy services provider. It is home to Landmark Medical Center, the Museum of Work and Culture, and the American-French Genealogical Society.
Dave Mason Is Alive
Dave Mason Is Alive is an album of live recordings by Dave Mason.  Recorded in 1971 at the Troubadour club in Los Angeles, the album was released in 1973 by Blue Thumb Records. It has been re-released by MCA Coral (MCA 713).

Feelin' Alright?
"Feelin' Alright?", also known as "Feeling Alright", is a song written by Dave Mason of the English rock band Traffic for their eponymous 1968 album Traffic. It was also released as a single, and failed to chart on both the UK Singles Chart and the US Billboard Hot 100, but it did reach a bubbling under position of #123 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100. Joe Cocker performed a more popular rendition of the song on his 1969 album With a Little Help from My Friends, that did chart in the U.S. Both Traffic's and Cocker's versions appear in the 2012 movie Flight. The song was also featured in the 2000 film Duets, sung by Huey Lewis.
Illinois Department of Central Management Services
The Illinois Department of Central Management Services (CMS) is a code department of the Illinois state government that is generally responsible for certain state properties, acquisitions, and services.

Via the Illinois Department of Innovation & Technology (DoIT), it operates the Illinois Century Network (ICN), a network to provide internet access to state agencies, schools, universities, public libraries, and museums. In January 2023, Governor J. B. Pritzker appointed Raven A. DeVaughn as the director of Central Management Services.

Government of Illinois
The Government of Illinois, under the State of Illinois Constitution, has three branches of government: Executive, Legislative, and Judicial. The State's executive branch is split into several statewide elected offices, with the Governor as chief executive and head of state, and has numerous departments, agencies, boards and commissions. Legislative functions are granted to the General Assembly, a bicameral body consisting of the 118-member House of Representatives and the 59-member Senate. The judiciary is composed of the Supreme Court of Illinois and lower courts.
Robert D'Oyly
Robert D'Oyly (also spelt Robert D'Oyley de Liseaux, Robert Doyley, Robert de Oiley, Robèrt d'Oilly, Robert D'Oyley and Roberti De Oilgi) was a Norman nobleman who accompanied William the Conqueror on the Norman conquest, his invasion of England. He died in 1091.

St Peter-in-the-East
St Peter-in-the-East is a 12th-century church on Queen's Lane, north of the High Street in central Oxford, England. It is now deconsecrated and houses the college library of St Edmund Hall. The churchyard to the north is laid out as a garden and contains a seated bronze statue depicting St Edmund as an impoverished student.
Aidemir Bardykhanov
Aidemir Bardykhanov, also known as Aidemir Turlov was a prince from the Turlov dynasty and the Senior Prince of the Chechen principality from 1732 to his death in 1746 and was also a Khan of the Endirey Khanate. He is famous for his role in the Battle of Chechen–Aul, where he led Chechen rebels into victory against Russian troops.

Battle of Endirey
The Battle of Endirey was a major confrontation between the Russian Empire and its allies with the Chechens and Kumyks and took place in a gorge on the Aktash River near Endirey. An army sent led by Brigadier Andrei Veterani was encircled by a combined Chechen–Kumyk force, as a result of which the corps was defeated and forced to retreat. Another detachment under Colonel Naumov broke into Endirey and destroyed it.
Nigel Gray
Nigel Gray (1947 – 30 July 2016) was an English record producer. His album credits include Outlandos d'Amour (1978), Reggatta de Blanc (1979), and Zenyatta Mondatta (1980) for the Police, Kaleidoscope (1980) and Juju (1981) for Siouxsie and the Banshees, as well as five albums for Godley & Creme.

Gray was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best Engineered Album (1981) for Zenyatta Mondatta, and also won two Grammys for producer of Best Rock Performance ("Don't Stand So Close to Me") and Best Rock Instrumental ("Behind My Camel").

Gray was revered by Radiohead's producer Nigel Godrich for his work on the Police's Reggatta de Blanc. Gray's production on Siouxsie and the Banshees' records with guitarist John McGeoch was also a reference for Godrich during the recording of Radiohead's "There There".

The Professionals (band)
The Professionals were an English punk rock band active from 1979 to early 1982 and again from 2015 to 2024. They were formed by ex-Sex Pistols members Steve Jones and Paul Cook after that band's demise. The Professionals split in 1982, before reforming in 2015 under the leadership of Cook.
Spindrift Bluff
Spindrift Bluff (69°35′S 68°2′W﻿ / ﻿69.583°S 68.033°W﻿ / -69.583; -68.033) is an east–west trending bluff (about 700 m) located close south of Mistral Ridge in northwest Palmer Land. Surveyed by British Antarctic Survey (BAS), 1971–72, and so named by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC), 1977. A local wind blows in this area and spindrift sweeps from the bluff, when it is calm elsewhere.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Spindrift Bluff". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Mistral Ridge
Mistral Ridge (69°33′S 68°4′W﻿ / ﻿69.550°S 68.067°W﻿ / -69.550; -68.067) is a mostly snow-covered ridge extending 6 nautical miles (11 km) in a north-northwest–south-southeast direction, located 5 nautical miles (9 km) east of Zonda Towers, Rymill Coast, Palmer Land, Antarctica. The ridge was photographed from the air by the U.S. Navy in 1966, and surveyed by the British Antarctic Survey in 1971–72. It was named by the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee in 1977 after the mistral, the cold northwesterly wind of southern France. This is one of several features in the area named after winds.
Conflict-free replicated data type
In distributed computing, a conflict-free replicated data type (CRDT) is a data structure that is replicated across multiple computers in a network, with the following features:

The application can update any replica independently, concurrently and without coordinating with other replicas.

An algorithm (itself part of the data type) automatically resolves any inconsistencies that might occur.

Although replicas may have different state at any particular point in time, they are guaranteed to eventually converge.

The CRDT concept was formally defined in 2011 by Marc Shapiro, Nuno Preguiça, Carlos Baquero and Marek Zawirski.  Development was initially motivated by collaborative text editing and mobile computing. CRDTs have also been used in online chat systems, online gambling, and in the SoundCloud audio distribution platform. The NoSQL distributed databases Redis, Riak and Cosmos DB have CRDT data types.

Optimistic replication
Optimistic replication, also known as lazy replication, is a strategy for replication, in which replicas are allowed to diverge.

Traditional pessimistic replication systems try to guarantee from the beginning that all of the replicas are identical to each other, as if there was only a single copy of the data all along. Optimistic replication does away with this in favor of eventual consistency, meaning that replicas are guaranteed to converge only when the system has been quiesced for a period of time. As a result, there is no longer a need to wait for all of the copies to be synchronized when updating data, which helps concurrency and parallelism. The trade-off is that different replicas may require explicit reconciliation later on, which might then prove difficult or even insoluble.
John Aalmo
John Aalmo (7 August 1902 – 19 July 1981) was a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party.

He was born in Aure Municipality as a son of teacher and mayor Ole Aalmo (1861–1943) and Gjertrud, née Rimstad (1876–1937). He spent most of his career, from 1958 to 1978, in Fosen Trafikklag. He was also a board member here as well as Fosen Aktie Dampskipsselskap.

Aalmo served as mayor of Sandstad Municipality from 1934 to 1957, and was a member of the county council during the same period. He served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Sør-Trøndelag during the terms 1954–1957 and 1958–1961. In total he met during 95 days of parliamentary session.

Sandstad Municipality
Sandstad is a former municipality in the old Sør-Trøndelag county, Norway. The 160-square-kilometre (62 sq mi) municipality existed from 1914 until its dissolution in 1964 when it was merged into what is now Hitra Municipality in Trøndelag county. The former Sandstad Municipality included all of the southern and southeastern parts of the island of Hitra, plus the several islands in the Trondheimsleia off the shores of the island of Hitra. The municipality had one church, Sandstad Church, located in the village of Sandstad.

Prior to its dissolution in 1963, the 160-square-kilometre (62 sq mi) municipality was the 425th largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Sandstad Municipality was the 609th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 1,030. The municipality's population density was 6.4 inhabitants per square kilometre (17/sq mi) and its population had decreased by 5.9% over the previous 10-year period.
Wolseley Aries
The Wolseley Aries III or A.R.9 was a British nine-cylinder, air-cooled radial aero engine that first ran in 1933, it was designed and built by Wolseley Motors. Intended for the military trainer aircraft market few were produced as Wolseley withdrew from the aero engine market in 1936.

A larger capacity version was known as the Wolseley Scorpio. Further-enlarged versions, the Leo and Libra, were test run but did not fly.

Airspeed Ltd.
Airspeed Limited was established in 1931 to build aeroplanes in York, England, by A. H. Tiltman and Nevil Shute Norway (the aeronautical engineer and novelist, who used his forenames as his pen-name). The other directors were A. E. Hewitt, Lord Grimthorpe and Alan Cobham. Amy Johnson was also one of the initial subscribers for shares.
University of Maryland Rehabilitation & Orthopaedic Institute
University of Maryland Rehabilitation & Orthopaedic Institute is a rehabilitation hospital located along the border of the Forest Park neighborhood of northwest Baltimore City and Woodlawn in Maryland. It lies on and is incorporated into the historic hospital building and grounds of the former James Lawrence Kernan Hospital. The hospital is now part of the University of Maryland Medical System, on the campus of the University of Maryland at Baltimore.

University of Maryland Medical System
The University of Maryland Medical System (UMMS) is a private, not-for-profit corporation founded in 1984 and based in Baltimore, Maryland. As of 2023, it owns and operates 11 hospitals in Maryland, 4 free-standing emergency rooms and over 150 care locations, including a network of urgent care centers. UMMS has more than 2,400 licensed beds, 100,000 annual admissions and gross patient revenues of $4.86 billion annually. UMMS medical staff work with University of Maryland School of Medicine specialists to provide primary and specialty care across the state.
St Mary the Virgin, Brampton Ash
St. Mary the Virgin is the local Church of England parish church for Brampton Ash, Northamptonshire. Sitting in the Diocese of Peterborough, the ironstone church boasts fine carvings of lions.

It is well lit at night, and can be seen across the Welland Valley for miles around.

The church is largely 13th and 14th century with some restoration in the 19th century.

Anglican Diocese of Peterborough
The Diocese of Peterborough forms part of the Province of Canterbury in England. Its seat is the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter, Saint Paul and Saint Andrew, which was founded as a monastery in AD 655 and re-built in its present form between 1118 and 1238.
Aref Durvesh
Aref Durvesh is a British tabla artist who has recorded and performed with Badmarsh & Shri, Sting, Susheela Raman, Cheb Mami, Jeff Beck, Visionary Underground, and is also one of the longest-serving members of Nitin Sawhneys band, having performed on all of his albums as well as all his UK and international tours.

Visionary Underground
Visionary Underground is a technology driven, audio-visual collective from London that was formed in 2001 by DJ Feel Free and VJ Coco. Their music is characterized by a mix of UK hip hop, ragga, soul, dub, and Asian genres.
New London, Connecticut
New London is a seaport city and a port of entry on the northeast coast of the United States, located at the outlet of the Thames River in New London County, Connecticut, which empties into Long Island Sound. The city is part of the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region.

New London is home to the United States Coast Guard Academy, Connecticut College, Mitchell College, and The Williams School. The Coast Guard Station New London and New London Harbor is home port to both the Coast Guard's cutter Coho and their tall ship Eagle. The city had a population of 27,367 at the 2020 census. The Norwich–New London metropolitan area includes 21 towns and 274,055 people.

Mitchell College
Mitchell College is a private college in New London, Connecticut, United States. In fall 2020 it had an enrollment of 572 students and 68 faculty. Admission rate was 70%. The college offers associate and bachelor's degrees in fourteen subjects.
Roses in Tyrol
Roses in Tyrol (German: Rosen in Tirol) is a 1940 German musical comedy film directed by Géza von Bolváry and starring Hans Moser, Marte Harell, and Johannes Heesters. It is based on the 1891 operetta The Bird Seller by Carl Zeller, which has been turned into several films.

The film's sets were designed by the art directors Robert Herlth and Heinrich Weidemann. It was filmed in Prague and Zell am See in the Austrian state of Salzburg.

It was a popular hit and was re-released by Gloria Film in 1950.

Hans Moser (actor)
Hans Moser (6 August 1880 – 19 June 1964) was an Austrian actor who, during his long career, from the 1920s up to his death, mainly played in comedy films. He was particularly associated with the genre of the Wiener Film. Moser appeared in over 150 films.
Mayor of Split
The Mayor of the City of Split (Croatian: Gradonačelnik Grada Splita), colloquially the Poteštat (derived from "podestà"), is the highest official of the Croatian city of Split. From 1990 to 2007 the mayor was elected by the city assembly. Since 2007 Croatian mayors have been elected directly by the citizens. The first such election in Split occurred in 2009.

2009 Split local elections
The 2009 local elections were held in Split, Croatia on 17 and 31 May 2009.

The incumbent HDZ mayor Ivan Kuret  was running for a full four-year term after he was appointed mayor on 17 July 2007 after the former mayor Zvonimir Puljić was impeached by the city council.
Bingley St Ives
Bingley St. Ives, or St. Ives Estate is a 550-acre (2.2 km2) country park
and former estate between Bingley and Harden in West Yorkshire, England now owned by Bradford Council.
The park has Grade II listing in the English Heritage National Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Interest.
The park has been given Accredited Country Park status by Natural England.

As well as being a public country park the property is also used by Bingley St Ives Golf Club,
the Sports Turf Research Institute,
Bradford Independent Care Group,
Bingley Angling Club, and Aire Valley Archers.
Some 300,000 people per year visit the country park.

Harden, West Yorkshire
Harden is a civil parish and village within the City of Bradford Metropolitan District, West Yorkshire, England, 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Bingley.  It had a population of 1,615 in the 2001 census, but by 2011 this had risen to 1,900.
Årets Järnkamin
Årets Järnkamin (literally Iron Stove of the Year) is an award given to a Djurgårdens IF player, or coach, voted by the members of the official supporter club Järnkaminerna (The Iron Stoves). A person who they felt represented the core value of being a true 'Järnkamin' (Iron Stove). It is awarded in both football and ice hockey.

Haris Radetinac
Haris Radetinac (born 28 October 1985) is a Serbian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Swedish fourth-tier club Åtvidaberg.

Ahead of the 2025 season Radetinac returned to Åtvidabergs FF accepting a role as a playing assistant manager.
Committee of Supply
The Standing Committee of Supply (Swedish: Statsutskottet, StU, SU) was a parliamentary committee in the Swedish Riksdag from 1809 to 1970. It was the central committee of the Riksdag for state expenditures and was responsible for issuing reports on the Swedish government's budget proposal; some appropriations issues were handled by the Committee on Banking and Currency and Committee on Agriculture after 1909.

The Committee of Supply had unrestricted access to all the accounts and documents of the state administration in order to examine, investigate, and report on the financial condition, management, and needs of the state and national debt administration, with certain exceptions. They often consulted with or formed part of the composition of other committees. The Committee of Supply was also responsible for ensuring that disbursements of public funds were made correctly. Otherwise, the committee would make a report to the chambers against the relevant government official.

Parliamentary committees in the Riksdag
There are fifteen parliamentary committees in the Riksdag, Sweden's parliament. Each committee is made up of seventeen elected MPs, with at least one member from each political party. Additionally, the Committee on European Union Affairs, while not one of the standing committees, has a similar role.
The Wicked Witch of Oz
Novels portal

The Wicked Witch of Oz is a novel by Rachel Cosgrove Payes. Written in the early 1950s but not published until four decades later in 1993, the book is an unofficial entry in the series of Oz books by L. Frank Baum and his successors.

Cosgrove Payes had published her first Oz book, The Hidden Valley of Oz, in 1951 with Reilly & Lee, the publisher of the Oz series since the time of Baum. The Wicked Witch of Oz would have been the next book in the series, and was intended for publication in 1954 but Reilly & Lee cancelled the project, since the Oz books were no longer selling well. The book remained unpublished until the International Wizard of Oz Club brought out the first edition in 1993, with illustrations by Eric Shanower.  The club declared it book 45 in the series.  In the documentary, Oz: The American Fairyland, Payes states that she refused all requests to read her manuscript with "not 'til it's a book."

Rachel Cosgrove Payes
Rachel Ruth Cosgrove Payes, also known as E. L. Arch and Joanne Kaye (11 December 1922, Westernport, Maryland – 10 October 1998, Brick Township, New Jersey) was an American genre novelist, and author of books on the Land of Oz.
Hierarchy theory
Hierarchy theory is a means of studying ecological systems in which the relationship between all of the components is of great complexity. Hierarchy theory focuses on levels of organization and issues of scale, with a specific focus on the role of the observer in the definition of the system. Complexity in this context does not refer to an intrinsic property of the system but to the possibility of representing the systems in a plurality of non-equivalent ways depending on the pre-analytical choices of the observer. Instead of analyzing the whole structure, hierarchy theory refers to the analysis of hierarchical levels, and the interactions between them.

Integrative level
An integrative level, or level of organization, is a set of phenomena emerging from pre-existing phenomena of a lower level. The levels concept is an intellectual framework for structuring reality. It arranges all entities, structures, and processes in the universe, or in a certain field of study, into a hierarchy, typically based on how complex their organization is. When arranged this way, each entity is three things at the same time: It is made up of parts from the previous level below. It is a whole in its own right. And it is a part of the whole that is on the next level above. Typical examples include life emerging from non-living substances, and consciousness emerging from nervous systems.
The Next Episode
"The Next Episode" is a single by American rapper-producer Dr. Dre, released in 2000 as the third single from his second studio album, 2001 (1999). The track features Snoop Dogg, Kurupt, and Nate Dogg, but only the former is credited. It is a sequel to Dre and Snoop's famous single "Nuthin' but a 'G' Thang" from the former's debut album, The Chronic.

The song peaked at number 23 on the Billboard Hot 100.

The song has been performed live numerous times by both Dr. Dre and Snoop Dogg. Notable performances include the 2000 Up in Smoke Tour and as the opener to Super Bowl LVI halftime show on February 13, 2022. The duo also performed the song during the concluding segment of Los Angeles' contribution to the 2024 Summer Olympics closing ceremony, a nod to the fact that Los Angeles 2028 is the "next episode" of the Summer Olympics.

Super Bowl LVI halftime show
The Super Bowl LVI halftime show, officially known as the Pepsi Super Bowl LVI Halftime Show, was the halftime entertainment of Super Bowl LVI, which took place on February 13, 2022, at SoFi Stadium in Inglewood, California. The show was headlined by Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg, Eminem, Mary J. Blige, and Kendrick Lamar, and included surprise appearance by 50 Cent and guest appearance by Anderson .Paak. It was the first Super Bowl halftime show to be centered entirely around hip hop music, as well as the last halftime show to be sponsored by Pepsi, with Apple Music taking over the sponsorship beginning with Super Bowl LVII. The show was televised nationally in the U.S. by NBC.

The performance was met with critical acclaim and was the first Super Bowl halftime show to win the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Variety Special (Live). The show also won the Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Production Design for a Variety Special and Outstanding Music Direction.