hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Geneva Congress (1866)
The Geneva Congress of 1866 is the common name assigned to the 1st General Congress of the International Workingmen's Association, held in Geneva, Switzerland from 3 to 8 September 1866. The gathering was attended by 46 regular and 14 fraternal delegates from a total of five countries. The Geneva Congress is best remembered for its watershed decision to make universal establishment of the 8-hour working day a main goal of the International Socialist movement.

Eight-hour day movement
The eight-hour day movement (also known as the 40-hour week movement or the short-time movement) was a social movement that appeared in various countries to regulate the length of a working day. The goal was preventing excesses and abuses of working time.

The modern movement originated in the Industrial Revolution in Britain, where industrial production in large factories transformed working life. At that time, the working day could range from 10 to 16 hours, the work week was typically six days, and child labour was common. Since the 19th century, the eight-hour workday has been gradually adopted in various countries and industries, with widespread adoption occurring in the first half of the 20th century.
Paul Feeney
Paul R. Feeney is an American politician from the commonwealth of Massachusetts. He serves in the Massachusetts Senate from the Bristol and Norfolk district.

Feeney graduated from Don Bosco Technical High School. He worked for Verizon as an office technician, and served as the legislative director for the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers. He served on the board of selectmen for Foxboro, Massachusetts, from 2007 though 2010. Feeney has also served as chief of staff for Jim Timilty and as labor director for Stephen F. Lynch's campaign for the United States Senate in the 2013 special election. Feeney was state director of Connecticut and Massachusetts for the Bernie Sanders 2016 presidential campaign.

When Timilty resigned in 2017, Feeney ran in the special election to succeed him, defeating Republican Jacob Ventura. Feeney defeated Ventura in the 2018 general election.

Don Bosco Technical High School (Boston)
Don Bosco Technical High School (called Don Bosco Tech and Don Bosco Trade School from 1946 to 1954 and named Don Bosco School of Technology from 1993 to 1998) was an all-boys Roman Catholic secondary school for grades 9 through 12 in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It was founded in 1946 as a school for immigrant boys by the Salesians of Don Bosco, a religious order of priests and brothers. It closed in 1998.
Gasquet, California
Gasquet (/ˈɡæs.kiː/, GAS-kee; Tolowa: Mvs-ye) is an unincorporated community in Del Norte County, California, United States, 22 mi (35 km) south of the Oregon border  and 18 miles (29 km) northeast of Crescent City. The name is in honor of Horace Gasquet, who was the owner of the gold mines, hotel, railway, bank and post office, as well as the founder of Crescent City and Happy Camp. A post office operated at Gasquet from 1879 to 1902 and from 1949 to present. Gasquet is located in the Smith River National Recreation Area.

For statistical purposes, the United States Census Bureau has defined Gasquet as a census-designated place (CDP). The census definition of the area may not precisely correspond to local understanding of the area with the same name.  Its population is 657 as of the 2020 census, down from 661 from the 2010 census. It lies at an elevation of 384 feet (117 m) above sea level. The ZIP Code is 95543. Its area codes are 707 and 369.

Smith River National Recreation Area
Smith River National Recreation Area is a protected area located in northwestern California, United States. The national recreation area is in Six Rivers National Forest and is managed by the U.S. Forest Service, an agency of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Created by Congress in 1990, Smith River National Recreation Area meets the northern border of Redwood National and State Parks.

The Klamath Mountains and the Smith River, one of the longest National Wild and Scenic Rivers in the U.S., offer a variety of recreational opportunities. The National Recreation Area has five campgrounds located near major streams and along the Smith River. It is considered one of the best fishing regions in the country, and rafting and canoeing are popular activities. Most hiking trails are accessible year-round, but all activities may be greatly affected by periodic heavy rainfall that swells creeks and rivers.
Satakentia
Satakentia liukiuensis (satake palm, yaeyama-yashi [Japanese ヤエヤマヤシ], satakentia palm, yaeyama palm), is a species of palm tree. They are endemic to Ishigaki Island and Iriomote Island in the Yaeyama Islands, the south-westernmost of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. It is the only species in the genus Satakentia.

The genus and the species were both circumscribed by Harold 'Hal' Emery Moore in Principes vol.13 on page 5 in 1969.

The genus name of Satakentia is in honour of Toshihiko Satake (1910–1998), who was a Japanese factory owner (the 2nd President of Satake Corporation), producer of rice-processing equipment and also an expert in Arecaceae.

Iriomote Island
Iriomote Island (西表島, Iriomote-jima; Yaeyama: Irïmutii; Iriomote: Irimutii; Okinawan: Iriumuti) is the largest of the Yaeyama Islands of Japan, and the second largest in Okinawa Prefecture after Okinawa Island itself.

The island has an area of 289.27 km2 (111.69 sq mi) and a 2005 population of 2,347. The island does not have an airstrip, and most visitors—over 390,000 in 2006—arrive from Ishigaki by ferry, a 31.4 km (19.5 mi) ride to Uehara Port (上原港) on Iriomote's northeast coast or Ōhara Port (大原港) on the southeast coast. Administratively, the island belongs to Taketomi Town, Okinawa Prefecture. Its infrastructure is limited to a single coastal road connecting the hamlets on the northern and eastern shores.
Marcantonio Canini
Marcantonio Canini (1622–1669) was an Italian painter and sculptor.  He was born in Rome and is best known for his statues of St. Dominic and St. Sixtus, and for the facade of Santi Domenico e Sisto, the University Church of the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum, in Rome.

He was the third-born son of the stonemason Vincenzo. He lived in Rome with his famous brother, painter Giovanni Angelo.

Santi Domenico e Sisto
The Church of Santi Domenico e Sisto is one of the titular churches in Rome, Italy in the care of the Roman Catholic Order of Preachers, better known as the Dominicans. It is located at No. 1 Largo Angelicum on the Quirinal Hill on the campus of the Pontifical University of St. Thomas Aquinas (Angelicum), of which it is the University Church.

As a titular church it has been held by :

Cardinal Georges Cottier (2003 - 2016),

Cardinal José Tolentino Mendonça (since 5 October 2019).
Technical University of Denmark
The Technical University of Denmark (Danish: Danmarks Tekniske Universitet), often simply referred to as DTU, is a polytechnic university and school of engineering. It was founded in 1829 at the initiative of Hans Christian Ørsted as Denmark's first polytechnic, and it is today ranked among Europe's leading engineering institutions. It is located in the town Kongens Lyngby, 12 km (7.5 mi) north of central Copenhagen, Denmark.

Along with École Polytechnique in Paris, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Eindhoven University of Technology, Technical University of Munich and Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, DTU is a member of EuroTech Universities Alliance.

Technical University of Munich
The Technical University of Munich (TUM or TU Munich; German: Technische Universität München) is a public research university in Munich, Bavaria, Germany. It specializes in engineering, technology, medicine, and applied and natural sciences.

Established in 1868 by King Ludwig II of Bavaria, the university now has additional campuses in Garching, Freising, Heilbronn, Straubing, Ottobrunn, and Singapore, with the Garching campus being its largest. The university is organized into seven schools, and is supported by numerous research centers. It is one of the largest universities in Germany, with 51,954 students and an annual budget of €2,171.0 million including the university hospital.

A University of Excellence under the German Universities Excellence Initiative, TUM is among the leading universities in the European Union. Its researchers and alumni include 19 Nobel laureates and 26 Leibniz Prize winners.
Choi Seungho
Choi Seungho (Korean: 최승호; born 1954) is a South Korean poet. He has been described as an ecopoet. His publications also include children's poetry. He was born in the small rural village of Chungcheong, Gangwon Province, in 1954, and taught for many years in an elementary school in the countryside.

In 2004, the Daesan Foundation sponsored him and other writers in fora in Mexico and Cuba. In 2007, the Korea Literature Translation Institute sponsored him at ARCO in Malaga City, Spain.

Literature Translation Institute of Korea
The Literature Translation Institute of Korea (Korean: 한국문학번역원, LTI Korea, formerly known as Korean Literature Translation Fund) was founded in 1996 by the Government of South Korea with the aim of promoting Korean literature and culture overseas.

LTI Korea regularly sponsors translation and publication of Korean works to promote high-quality translation of Korean literature, and is pushing forward with various overseas exchange programs to strengthen the export base for Korean literature and establish a network for Korean and overseas publishers. It also works to foster professional translators to enhance the capacity of translation of Korean literature.
Micky Erbe
Micky Erbe (June 1, 1946 – April 11, 2021) was a Canadian film and television composer, who was a partner with his wife Maribeth Solomon in the music studio Mickymar Productions.

Erbe and Solomon received three Genie Award nominations for Best Original Score as a duo, with nods at the 3rd Genie Awards in 1982 for Ticket to Heaven, the 4th Genie Awards in 1983 for Threshold, and the 10th Genie Awards in 1989 for Milk and Honey.

They were four-time Gemini Award winners for their work in television, winning at the 3rd Gemini Awards in 1988 for Adderly, the 4th Gemini Awards in 1989 for The Struggle for Democracy, the 7th Gemini Awards in 1993 for Street Legal, and the 13th Gemini Awards in 1998 for Earth: Final Conflict. They were also nominated at the 9th Gemini Awards in 1995 for E.N.G., at the 10th Gemini Awards in 1996 for the Street Legal finale film Last Rights, and at the 15th Gemini Awards in 2000 for Earth: Final Conflict.

13th Gemini Awards
The Academy of Canadian Cinema & Television's 13th Gemini Awards were held on October 4, 1998, to honour achievements in Canadian television. (This year's awards were split into two segments; the first 1998 ceremony was held on March 1 and was named the 12th Gemini Awards). The awards show, which was hosted by Ronnie Edwards and Kenny Robinson, took place at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre and was broadcast on CBC Television.
Ardent Window Manager
In computing, the Ardent Window Manager (awm) is an early window manager software for the X Window System. It was descended from uwm.

awm was written by Jordan Hubbard for the Ardent Computer Corporation's TITAN line of workstations in 1988, which ran a version of X11R2. It was included on the X11R3 contrib tape.

The FAQ for the comp.windows.x Usenet newsgroup says: The Ardent Window Manager was for a while a hotbed for hackers and offered some features (dynamic menus) not found on more current window managers.

Ultrix Window Manager
Free and open-source software portal

The Ultrix Window Manager (uwm) is a historic standard window manager software for the X Window System from X11R1 through X11R3 releases. In fact, it was the only X11-compatible window manager as of X11R1.
Plus 8
Plus 8 (also spelled as Plus8) is a Canadian techno record label founded by Richie Hawtin and John Acquaviva in 1990 that's based in Windsor, Ontario. Along with Underground Resistance and Planet E, Plus 8 was one of the early producers of Detroit techno's 'Second Wave' music at the start of the 1990s.

Detroit techno
Detroit techno is a type of techno music that generally includes the first techno productions by Detroit-based artists during the 1980s and early 1990s. Prominent Detroit techno artists include Juan Atkins, Eddie Fowlkes, Derrick May, Jeff Mills, Kevin Saunderson, Blake Baxter, Drexciya, Mike Banks, James Pennington and Robert Hood. Artists like Terrence Parker and his lead vocalist, Nicole Gregory, set the tone for Detroit's piano techno house sound.
Michael Raj
Michael Raj is a 1987 Indian Tamil-language action drama film directed by V. C. Guhanathan and produced by D. Ramanaidu. The film stars Raghuvaran and Madhuri, supported by Sarath Babu and Baby Shalini. It was released on 5 December 1987. The film was remade in Telugu as Brahma Puthrudu and in Hindi as Rakhwala with Shalini reprising her role.

V. C. Guhanathan
Vishwalingam Chellaiya Guhanathan is a Sri Lanka Tamil film screenwriter, director and producer who has worked on Indian Tamil films. He made his directorial debut in the 1970s, before proceeding to make successful films like Thanikattu Raja (1982) and Michael Raj (1987).
Under a Dark Sky
Under a Dark Sky is a progressive rock album by Uli Jon Roth, featuring Mark Boals and Liz Vandall on vocals. It marks the first official release in the long-awaited series of Symphonic Legends, which is a cycle of music written for Roth's all-encompassing Sky of Avalon project.

Mark Boals has stated in an interview that the next installment is planned for the near future, and that he will appear in it.

Andy DiGelsomina, composer of the heavy metal opera Lyraka, calls it "the most relevant rock guitar album of the 21st century...it takes as its base the pioneering progressive rock of the 70s, and with the lead guitar in (Roth)'s hands, ups the expressive content of the compositions to a heretofore unrealized degree. Roth's guitar becomes like a separate voice, a vital protagonist in an apocalyptic opera.".

Liz Vandall
Liz Vandall is a Swedish rock vocalist, and songwriter. She has recorded and performed as a member of the hard rock band Sahara, and recorded and toured extensively with Uli Jon Roth. A press release dated 7 April 2011 stated Vandall would be doing session work for the heavy metal opera project Lyraka.

Vandall lives in Germany with Roth, who is also her boyfriend. The two have a child, Akasha Dawn Roth.
Tyresö Church
Tyresö Church (Swedish: Tyresö kyrka) is a 17th-century church in Tyresö, Sweden, belonging to the Tyresö parish. The church is located near Tyresö Palace, which was built during the same era.

The church has a brick exterior and built in a style of a mixture of gothic and renaissance with the tower facing west. It was built during 1638–1640 by riksdrots Gabriel Oxenstierna, who also built Tyresö castle. The church was inaugurated March 9, 1641 with Gabriel Oxenstierna's own burial.

In 1790 the tower and roof were destroyed by a fire, and due to financial difficulties the spire on the tower was not rebuilt, and a low pyramid formed roof was built there instead, which is there still today.

Tyresö church is one of the most popular churches in Sweden for weddings due to its idyllic placement on a hillock surrounded by meadows and lush trees, and the proximity to Tyresö castle and no modern buildings nearby.

Gabriel Gustafsson Oxenstierna
Baron Gabriel Gustafsson Oxenstierna (15 June 1587 – 27 November 1640) was a Swedish statesman.

Born either in Tyresö, Sweden, or in Reval (modern Tallinn, Estonia), he was the son of Privy Councillor Gustaf Gabrielsson Oxenstierna and Barbro Axelsdotter Bielke. As such he was brother of, among others, Lord High Chancellor Axel Oxenstierna.
Jasmine Murray
Jasmine S. Murray (born December 12, 1991) is an American singer and beauty pageant titleholder. She is best known for being a finalist on the eighth season of American Idol where she placed 12th–13th alongside Jorge Núñez. She also competed in the Miss America's Outstanding Teen pageant in 2007. Her musical influences include Christina Aguilera. On July 12, 2014, Murray was crowned Miss Mississippi 2014.

Miss Mississippi
Miss Mississippi is a scholarship pageant and a preliminary of Miss America. The contest began in 1934, has been held in Vicksburg since 1958, and provides more money than any other scholarship pageant in the Miss America Organization.

Four Miss Mississippis have won the Miss America crown: Mary Ann Mobley (1959), Lynda Lee Mead (1960), Cheryl Prewitt (1980), and Susan Akin (1986).

The current titleholder is Anna Leah Jolly of Brandon, who was crowned Miss Mississippi 2025 on June 14, 2025 at the Vicksburg Convention Center in Vicksburg, Mississippi. She competed for the title of Miss America 2026 on September 7, 2025 in Orlando, Florida, and was a Top 11 semifinalist.
Kirchhoff (crater)
Kirchhoff is a small lunar impact crater that is located in the northern part of the Montes Taurus range. It was named after German physicist Gustav Kirchhoff. It lies to the west of the crater Newcomb, and southeast of the crater pair of Hall and G. Bond.

This is a circular, bowl-shaped feature that lies in the midst of rugged lunar terrain. The satellite crater Kirchhoff C adjoins the eastern rim. There is a low rise at the midpoint of the interior floor.

Montes Taurus
Montes Taurus is a rugged, jumbled mountainous region on the Moon. It is located to the east of the Mare Serenitatis, in the northeastern quadrant of the Moon's near side. Coordinates of their center are 27°19′N 40°20′E﻿ / ﻿27.32°N 40.34°E﻿ / 27.32; 40.34﻿ (Montes Taurus), and their extent is about 170 km.

Montes Taurus are rather unimpressive and indistinct compared to other named lunar mountain systems. It is a broad hilly region without sharp borders. These mountains reach maximal height between craters Kirchhoff and Newcomb (4.9 km above Mare Serenitatis and 2.1 km above mean level of lunar surface).

A number of craters lie embedded within this range. At the southwestern edge of the region is the crater Römer, and Newcomb is located in the northeastern section. Several satellite craters also lie throughout the Montes Taurus. The southwestern edge of this region hosts Taurus–Littrow valley, the landing site of the crewed Apollo 17 mission.
Predgorny District
Predgorny District (Russian: Предго́рный райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Stavropol Krai, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Predgorny Municipal District. It is located in the south of the krai. The area of the district is 2,047 square kilometers (790 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a stanitsa) of Yessentukskaya. Population: 106,775 (2010 Census); 104,391 (2002 Census); 90,955 (1989 Census). The population of Yessentukskaya accounts for 18.9% of the district's total population.

Yessentukskaya
Yessentukskaya (Russian: Ессентукская, Greek: Γιεσσεντούσκαγια) is a rural locality
stanitsa) and the administrative center of Predgorny District, Stavropol Krai, Russia. Population:  20,166 (2010 Census); 19,604 (2002 Census); 14,424 (1989 Soviet census).
Jeetzel
The river Jeetzel (German pronunciation: [ˈjeːtsl̩]), which begins in the Altmark under the name Jeetze, flows from Saxony-Anhalt through Lower Saxony, in Germany. From its source near the village of Dönitz, it flows north through Beetzendorf, Salzwedel, Wustrow, Lüchow and Dannenberg, before joining the Elbe in Hitzacker. Its total length is 73 kilometres (45 mi).

A left tributary of the Elbe, the Jeetzel has itself several tributaries, including the Salzwedel Dumme and the Wustrow Dumme. The name is Slavic, and means ash (tree)-stream.

Historically, when the Elbe rose too high, it would flooded the Jeetzel, which flowed "backwards" and flooded the surrounding area. Today, a system of canals prevents such flooding.

Hitzacker
Hitzacker (German pronunciation: [ˈhɪtsˌʔakɐ] ⓘ; Polabian: Ľautťüv) is a town in the Lüchow-Dannenberg district of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the river Elbe, approx. 8 km north of Dannenberg, and 45 km east of Lüneburg. The 2007 population of Hitzacker was 4,982, and its postal code is 29456. The mayor is Holger Mertins. The town is located on the German Timber-Frame Road and is part of the Samtgemeinde ("collective municipality") of Elbtalaue.

The famous library now in Wolfenbüttel was founded here by Augustus the Younger, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg (who died in 1666) and was moved to its present location in 1643.
Orakzai
The Orakzai (Pashto: وركزۍ) are a Pashtun tribe native to the Orakzai Agency and parts of Kurram and Khyber Agencies in Pakistan's Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Additionally, a sub-tribe of the Orakzai resides in Afghanistan's Maidan Wardak Province. The Orakzai people predominantly speak Pashto.

Tirah
Tirah, also called the Tirah Valley (Urdu: وادئ تیراہ; Pashto: د تیرا دره), and sometimes spelled Terah (Pashto: تیراہ), is a mountainous region located in the Orakzai District and the southern portion of the Khyber District, positioned between the Khyber Pass and the Khanki Valley in Pakistan. Due to its proximity to the Afghan-Pakistan border and challenging terrain, maintaining control of Tirah has been historically difficult for the Government of Pakistan. In 2003, for the first time since Pakistan's independence, the Army entered the Tirah Valley.

The region is predominantly inhabited by Pashtuns, with minority communities referred to as Hamsaya (protected peoples), including a Sikh community primarily involved in trade and other professions.
Lloyd Wong, Unfinished
Lloyd Wong, Unfinished is a 2025 Canadian short documentary film directed by Lesley Loksi Chan. It tells the story of Chinese-Canadian artist Lloyd Wong, who began a video work about his living with HIV which remained unfinished at the time of his death. Thirty years later, filmmaker Lesley Loksi Chan discovered and edited the material.

It was selected in the Berlinale Shorts section at the 75th Berlin International Film Festival, where it had its World premiere on 15 February and won the Golden Bear for Best Short Film. It also won Teddy Award for the Best Short Film.

Lesley Loksi Chan
Lesley Loksi Chan (born 1978) is a Canadian video artist from Hamilton, Ontario, most noted for her 2025 film Lloyd Wong, Unfinished.

The film, a documentary based on the unfinished video diaries of Chinese-Canadian artist Lloyd Wong prior to his death of HIV/AIDS in 1994, premiered at the at the 75th Berlin International Film Festival, where it won both the Golden Bear for Best Short Film, and the Teddy Award for Best LGBTQ Short Film. It subsequently won the award for Best National Short or Medium-Length Film at the 2025 Montreal International Documentary Festival, and was named to the Toronto International Film Festival's annual year-end Canada's Top Ten list for 2025.

Her other films have included My Matsura (2006), Wanda & Miles (2007), Curse Cures (2009), Redress Remix (2010) and The Urge to Run a Lap (2017).