hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Saturday Evening Post
The Saturday Evening Post is an American magazine published six times a year. It was first published in 1821, and published weekly from 1897 until 1963. It was published every other week until 1969. From the 1920s to the 1960s, it was one of the most widely circulated and influential magazines among the American middle class, with fiction, nonfiction, cartoons, and features that reached two million homes every week.

In the 1960s, the magazine's readership began to decline. In 1969, The Saturday Evening Post folded for two years before being revived as a quarterly publication with an emphasis on medical articles in 1971.

As of the late 2000s, The Saturday Evening Post is published by the Saturday Evening Post Society, which purchased the magazine in 1982. The magazine was redesigned in 2013.

Constantin Alajalov
Constantin Alajálov (born Konstandin Alaǰalyan, Armenian: Կոնստանդին Ալաջալյան; 18 November 1900 — 23 October 1987)
was an Armenian-American painter and illustrator. 
He was born in Rostov-on-Don, Russia, and immigrated to New York City in 1923, becoming a US citizen in 1928. 
Many of his illustrations were covers for such magazines as The New Yorker, The Saturday Evening Post, 
and Fortune.
He also illustrated many books, including the first edition of George Gershwin's Song Book.
His works are in New York's Museum of Modern Art and the Brooklyn Museum.
He died in Amenia, New York.
Recognition-primed decision
Recognition-primed decision (RPD) is a model of how people make quick, effective decisions when faced with complex situations. In this model, the decision maker is assumed to generate a possible course of action, compare it to the constraints imposed by the situation, and select the first course of action that is not rejected. RPD has been described in diverse groups including trauma nurses, fireground commanders, chess players, and  stock market traders. It functions well in conditions of time pressure, and in which information is partial and goals poorly defined. The limitations of RPD include the need for extensive experience among decision-makers (in order to correctly recognize the salient features of a problem and model solutions) and the problem of the failure of recognition and modeling in unusual or misidentified circumstances. It appears, as discussed by Gary A. Klein in Sources of Power, to be a valid model for how human decision-makers make decisions.

Decision-making
In psychology, decision-making (also spelled decision making and decisionmaking) is regarded as the cognitive process resulting in the selection of a belief or a course of action among several possible alternative options. It could be either rational or irrational. The decision-making process is a reasoning process based on assumptions of values, preferences and beliefs of the decision-maker. Every decision-making process produces a final choice, which may or may not prompt action.

Research about decision-making is also published under the label problem solving, particularly in European psychological research.
Jeff Kober
Jeff Kober (born December 18, 1953) is an American actor, known for his television roles as Dodger in China Beach, Jacob Hale Jr. in Sons of Anarchy, Joe in the fourth season of The Walking Dead, and Kurt Nypo in Walker: Texas Ranger. He is also known his movie roles such as Roy Gaddis in Out of Bounds (1986), Patrick Channing in The First Power (1990), Marcus in One Tough Bastard (1995), and as Pomona Joe in A Man Apart (2003). In February 2020, Kober joined the cast of ABC's General Hospital as Cyrus Renault. He exited the role in June 2021, but has made occasional guest appearances from August to December of the same year, winning a Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series for his performance in the role in 2022.

A Man Apart
A Man Apart is a 2003 American vigilante action thriller film directed by F. Gary Gray and co-produced by and starring Vin Diesel as Sean Vetter, an undercover DEA agent who is on a vendetta to take down a mysterious drug lord named Diablo after his wife is murdered. The film also stars Larenz Tate with Timothy Olyphant, Geno Silva, and Steve Eastin. Released by New Line Cinema in the United States on April 4, 2003, it received generally negative reviews from critics and performed poorly financially, grossing $44.3 million against a $36 million budget.
Lola Montez
Eliza Rosanna Gilbert (17 February 1821 – 17 January 1861), better known by the stage name Lola Montez (/moʊnˈtɛz/), was an Irish dancer and actress who became famous as a Spanish dancer, courtesan, and mistress of King Ludwig I of Bavaria, who made her Gräfin (Countess) von Landsfeld. At the start of the Revolutions of 1848 in the German states, she was forced to flee. She proceeded to the United States via Austria, Switzerland, France and London, to return to her work as an entertainer and lecturer.

Grange, County Sligo
Grange (Irish: An Ghráinseach, meaning 'monastic farm') is a village on the N15 road in County Sligo, Ireland. It is located between Benbulben mountain and the Atlantic Ocean. Streedagh, a townland near Grange, is the location of a large sandy beach, three Spanish Armada wrecks, and a salt water lagoon that is an area of Special Conservation. Streedagh strand is also a surfing destination.

A short distance to the north are the towns of Ballyshannon and Bundoran, a surfing and seaside resort, which are both bypassed, and the villages of Tullaghan and Cliffoney. To the south are Drumcliff, burial place of poet and Nobel laureate W. B. Yeats, and Sligo town.
2018 Chatham Cup
The 2018 Chatham Cup (known as the ISPS Handa Chatham Cup for sponsorship reasons) is New Zealand's 91st annual knockout football competition.

The 2018 competition will have a preliminary round and four rounds proper before quarter-finals, semi-finals, and a final. The final will be played on 10 September 2018.

Chatham Cup
The Chatham Cup is New Zealand's premier knockout tournament in men's association football. It is held annually, with the final contested in September. The current champions of the Chatham Cup are Wellington Olympic, who defeated Auckland United in the 2025 final.
Brood (comics)
The Brood are a fictional race of insectoid, parasitic, extraterrestrial beings appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, especially Uncanny X-Men. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist Dave Cockrum, they first appeared in The Uncanny X-Men #155 (March 1982).

Shi'ar
The Shi'ar (/ʃiːˈɑːr/ SHEE-ar) are a fictional species of aliens appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The Shi'ar empire (or Imperium) is a vast collection of alien species, cultures, and worlds situated close to the Skrull and Kree Empires. The Shi'ar are one of the three main extraterrestrial empires depicted in the Marvel Universe, alongside the Kree and Skrulls.
Greensboro, Vermont
Greensboro is the southernmost town in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 811 at the 2020 census. The town includes the places of Campbells Corners, East Greensboro, Gebbie Corner, Greensboro Four Corners, Greensboro Bend, Tolman(s) Corner, and Burlington Point. Greensboro Bend and the central village of Greensboro are classified as census-designated places.

Greensboro (CDP), Vermont
Greensboro is the central village and a census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Greensboro, Orleans County, Vermont, United States. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 156, out of 811 in the entire town of Greensboro.

The CDP is in southern Orleans County, stretching from the center to the southern border of the town of Greensboro. It is bordered to the south by the town of Hardwick in Caledonia County and to the southeast by the CDP of Greensboro Bend. The village center sits at the outlet (the southeast end) of Caspian Lake and includes the lake's entire shoreline. The lake drains south via Greensboro Brook to the Lamoille River, a west-flowing tributary of Lake Champlain. The intersection known as Tolman Corner is on the southwest border of the CDP.

No numbered state highways pass through the community. Greensboro is 6 miles (10 km) northeast of Hardwick village and 17 miles (27 km) southwest of Barton.
Sign Gene
Sign Gene: The First Deaf Superheroes is a 2017 superhero film written, produced, directed and starred by Emilio Insolera. The story revolves around a deaf agent, Tom Clerc (played by Insolera), from New York City who is a carrier of a powerful genetic mutation. He is sent to Japan with his colleague, Ken Wong, to investigate crimes believed to have been committed by Japanese deaf mutants. The film's characters, both villains and agents, use sign language as their superhuman powers. The film also stars Carola Insolera, Ben Bahan, Hiroshi Vava, Humberto Insolera and Noboru Kuragawa.

The film makes several references to deaf history, culture, and sign language linguistics. Six languages are spoken and signed in the film: English, Japanese, Italian, American Sign Language, Japanese Sign Language and Italian Sign Language.

Jean Massieu
Jean Massieu (French: [ʒɑ̃ masjø]; 1772 – July 21, 1846) was a pioneering deaf educator. One of six deaf siblings, he was denied schooling until age thirteen when he met Abbé Sicard, who enrolled him in the Institute national des jeunes sourds de Bordeaux-Gradignan, the Bordeaux School for Deaf Children. There he learned to read and write French, and later helped develop the first formalized French Sign Language. This French Sign Language was later adapted into American Sign Language. He taught at the famous school for the deaf in Paris where Laurent Clerc was one of his students. He began work after a scandal in Paris in Rodez and dedicated his life to educating deaf children. Later he founded a deaf school in Lille, France.
Lobar pneumonia
Lobar pneumonia is a form of pneumonia characterized by inflammatory exudate within the intra-alveolar space resulting in consolidation that affects a large and continuous area of the lobe of a lung.

It is one of three anatomic classifications of pneumonia (the other being bronchopneumonia and atypical pneumonia). In children round pneumonia develops instead because the  pores of Kohn which allow the lobar spread of infection are underdeveloped.

Chest radiograph
A chest radiograph, chest X-ray (CXR), or  chest film is a projection radiograph of the chest used to diagnose conditions affecting the chest, its contents, and nearby structures. Chest radiographs are the most common film taken in medicine.

Like all methods of radiography, chest radiography employs ionizing radiation in the form of X-rays to generate images of the chest. The mean radiation dose to an adult from a chest radiograph is around 0.02 mSv (2 mrem) for a front view (PA, or posteroanterior) and 0.08 mSv (8 mrem) for a side view (LL, or latero-lateral). Together, this corresponds to a background radiation equivalent time of about 10 days.
Ahmed Lutfi el-Sayed
Ahmed Lutfi el-Sayed or Aḥmad Luṭfī Sayyid Pasha (IPA: [ˈæħmæd ˈlotˤfi (ʔe)sˈsæjjed]) (15 January 1872 – 5 March 1963) was a prominent Egyptian nationalist, intellectual, anti-colonial activist and the first president of Cairo University. He was an influential person in the Egyptian nationalist movement and used his position in the media to strive and gain an independent Egypt from British rule. He was also one of the architects of modern Egyptian nationalism as well as the architect of Egyptian secularism and liberalism. He was fondly known as the "Professor of the Generation". Lutfi was one of the fiercest opponents of pan-Arabism, insisting that Egyptians are Egyptians and not Arabs. He is considered one of the most influential scholars and intellectuals in the history of Egypt.

Al Jarida
Al Jarida (Arabic: الجريدة, romanized: al-Jarīdah, lit. 'The Newspaper') was a liberal newspaper which was published in Cairo, Egypt, from 1907 to 1915. The paper was the official organ of the Umma Party. It was one of the publications that shaped the Egyptian nationalist culture containing the Westernized elements and was very influential during its existence.
Pan Lakshat Kon Gheto
Pan Lakshat Kon Gheto (Marathi: पण लक्षात कोण घेतो?, English: But Who Cares...) is an 1890 Marathi-language novel by Hari Narayan Apte. Written in autobiographical style, the novel tells the story of Yamuna, a young Hindu middle-class woman, who dies after suffering the injustices of a society where child marriage is customary. It is considered to be a classic novel in Marathi literature.

Hari Narayan Apte
Hari Narayan Apte (8 March 1864 – 3 March 1919) was an Indian Marathi language writer.

Through his writings, he provided an eminent example to future Marathi fiction writers in respect of writing effective novels and short stories which faithfully reflect different aspects of contemporary society. Before him, novelists wrote novels like Gulabakawali with fantastic themes unrelated to realistic social situations.

Apte presided over Marathi Sahitya Sammelan in Akola in 1912.
Mirny Polytechnic Institute
The Mirny Polytechnic Institute (located in Mirny, Yakutsk) is a branch of the North-Eastern Federal University.  It was founded on 2 March 1994.  Its foundation and the dynamic development took place due to the decision of Mikhail Nikolayev, the first President of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).  Mirny Polytechnic Institute is headed by one of its co-founders,  Professor Albina A. Goldman.

Today the Institute is the education, cultural and scientific center of Western Yakutia.  Courses are given in: English and literature, fundamental and applied mathematics, power supply of mining industry, electro-mechanics, petroleum engineering, and other studies. In 2017 the Institute opened a new classroom and laboratory building.

Mirny, Sakha Republic
Mirny (Russian: Мирный, IPA: [ˈmʲirnɨj], lit. peaceful; Yakut: Мииринэй, romanized: Miiriney [ˈmiːɾinej]) is a town and the administrative center of Mirninsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the Irelyakh River (Vilyuy's basin), 820 kilometers (510 mi) west of Yakutsk, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 37,188.
Specific weight
The specific weight, also known as the unit weight (symbol γ, the Greek letter gamma), is a volume-specific quantity defined as the weight W divided by the volume V of a material:

Equivalently, it may also be formulated as the product of density, ρ, and gravity acceleration, g: 

Its unit of measurement in the International System of Units (SI) is the newton per cubic metre (N/m3), expressed in terms of base units as kg⋅m−2⋅s−2.
A commonly used value is the specific weight of water on Earth at 4 °C (39 °F), which is 9.807 kilonewtons per cubic metre or 62.43 pounds-force per cubic foot.

Gamma
Gamma (/ˈɡæmə/ ⓘ; uppercase Γ, lowercase γ; Greek: γάμμα, romanized: gámma) is the third letter of the Greek alphabet. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 3. In Ancient Greek, the letter gamma represented a voiced velar stop IPA: [ɡ]. In Modern Greek, this letter normally represents a voiced velar fricative IPA: [ɣ], except before either of the two front vowels (/e/, /i/), where it represents a voiced palatal fricative IPA: [ʝ]; while /g/ in foreign words is instead commonly transcribed as γκ).

In the International Phonetic Alphabet and other modern Latin-alphabet based phonetic notations, it represents the voiced velar fricative.
Michael Hartmann (soccer)
Michael Hartmann (born June 13, 1994) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a goalkeeper for Östers.

Raised in Medford, New Jersey, Hartmann played prep soccer at Shawnee High School.

Shawnee High School (New Jersey)
Shawnee High School is a four-year comprehensive public high school in Burlington County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as part of the Lenape Regional High School District. The district serves students in ninth through twelfth grades from Evesham Township, Medford Lakes, Medford Township, Mount Laurel, Shamong Township, Southampton Township, Tabernacle Township and Woodland Township. The school serves students from Medford Lakes and Medford Township. The school is accredited until July 2031 and has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1975 and is accredited until July 2024.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,418 students and 114.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.4:1. There were 64 students (4.5% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 31 (2.2% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch.
The Goldsmiths' Company Assay Office
The Goldsmiths' Company Assay Office in London (also known as Assay Office London or the London Assay Office (LAO)) is the oldest assay office in the United Kingdom. The company has provided hallmarking services since The Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths was founded in the 14th century. The company received its royal charter in 1327 and ranks fifth in order of precedence of the 12 great livery companies of the City of London.

Hallmark
A hallmark is an official mark or series of marks struck on items made of metal, mostly to certify the content of noble metals—such as platinum, gold, silver and in some nations, palladium. In a more general sense, the term hallmark is used to refer to any standard of quality. Not to be confused with responsibility marks that are the marks of the maker.
Bauang
Bauang, officially the Municipality of Bauang (Ilocano: Ili ti Bauang; Pangasinan: Baley na Bauang; Filipino: Bayan ng Bauang), is a municipality in the province of La Union, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 77,670 people.

The mumicipality is recognized as the "Fruit Basket and Beach Capital of the North," known for its pristine beaches, which remain a popular destination for swimming, as well as its cultivation of grapes and guapples.

In the annals of Philippine literature and history, Bauang holds significance as the birthplace of the renowned literary figure and World War II martyr, Manuel Arguilla. The municipality is strategically located along the MacArthur Highway, with a key junction connecting to Naguilian Road, one of the main routes leading to Baguio City.

MacArthur Highway
The MacArthur Highway, officially the Manila North Road (MNR or MaNor), is a 685-kilometer (426 mi), two-to-six lane, national primary highway and tertiary highway in Luzon, Philippines, connecting Caloocan in Metro Manila to Aparri in Cagayan at the north. It is the second longest road in the Philippines, after the Pan-Philippine Highway. It is primarily known as MacArthur Highway in segments from Caloocan to Urdaneta, Pangasinan, although it is also applied up to Ilocos Sur and called Manila North Road for the entire length. It was named after the top American general commander during World War II and the Korean War, Douglas MacArthur.
Boden Hockey
Boden Hockey, actually Bodens Hockeyförening or Bodens HF, is an ice hockey team in Boden, Sweden. They currently play in Division 1, the third level of ice hockey in Sweden. Their home arena is Björknäshallen. The club was founded on 3 December 2005 as the successor club to Bodens IK, which had gone into insolvency and folded two days earlier.

Boden, Sweden
Boden (Swedish: [ˈbǔːdɛn], outdatedly [ˈbûːdɛn], Lule Sámi: Suttes; Meänkieli: Puuti) is a locality and the seat of Boden Municipality in Norrbotten County, Sweden, with 16,847 inhabitants in 2018. It is part of the larger area around coastal city Luleå some 36 kilometres (22 mi) southeast. After Kiruna, it is the second largest town in Northern Sweden's interior.
Montescudaio
Montescudaio is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pisa in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of Florence and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southeast of Pisa. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Province of Pisa
The province of Pisa (Italian: provincia di Pisa) is a province in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Pisa. With an area of 2,448 square kilometres (945 mi2) and a total population of 421,642 (As of 2014), it is the second most populous and fifth largest province of Tuscany. It is subdivided into 37 comuni (sg.: comune).

With a history that dates to the Etruscans and Phoenicians, the province achieved considerable power and influence in the Mediterranean in the 12th and 13th centuries. Pisa, the provincial capital, is known for its Leaning Tower, and other historic landmarks that attract tourists.
Steffen Kummerer
Steffen Kummerer (born 1 June 1985) is a German guitarist and vocalist. He is the leader, main songwriter, vocalist, and guitarist of the technical death metal band Obscura, as well as the black metal band Thulcandra. Since 2012, he has been a member of the official tribute band Death to All. Kummerer's Ran custom guitar shape have become a signature shape unique to him and his band Obscura.

Cosmogenesis (album)
Cosmogenesis is the second studio album by German technical death metal band Obscura. It was released on 17 February 2009 by Relapse Records. The album debuted at No. 71 on the Top Heatseekers chart.

A music video was released for the song "Anticosmic Overload". The songs "Desolate Spheres" and "Centric Flow" are based on the poem "The Dance of Shiva".

Cosmogenesis was awarded "Best Death Metal Album of the year 2009" by Loudwire.
Ansembourg
Ansembourg (Luxembourgish: Aansebuerg, German: Ansemburg) is a village in the commune of Helperknapp, in western Luxembourg.  As of 2025, the village had a population of 46.

Ansembourg is in a part of the Eisch valley known as the Valley of the Seven Castles. The village is the site of two of the seven castles. The New Castle of Ansembourg, located about one kilometre or just over half a mile below the Old Castle, was built by the industrialist Thomas Bidart in 1639 and is now known for its more modern finish and its terraced gardens.

Ansembourg Castle
Ansembourg Old Castle (Luxembourgish: Buerg Aansebuerg, French: Vieux Château d'Ansembourg, German: Burg Ansemburg), known as the Old Castle of Ansembourg, in central Luxembourg is one of the castles belonging to the Valley of the Seven Castles. Located high above the little village of Ansembourg, the medieval castle is the private residence of the current Count and Countess of Ansembourg.
Bern-Lötschberg-Simplon-Bahn
The Bern-Lötschberg-Simplon-Bahn (BLS), known between 1997 and 2006 as the BLS Lötschbergbahn, was a Swiss railway company. In 2006 the company merged with Regionalverkehr Mittelland AG to form a new company called BLS AG.

BLS owned the largest standard gauge network on the Swiss Railway system apart from the Swiss Federal Railways. The railway had not been built at the time that the Federal government took control of the five big Swiss standard gauge railway companies in 1902 and so it led a separate existence, being considered the largest of the Swiss "private" railways, although the majority of its capital was owned by the cantonal government of Bern, with the Confederation holding about one fifth.

Bern S-Bahn
The Bern S-Bahn (German: S-Bahn Bern; French: RER Berne) is an S-Bahn commuter rail network focused on Bern, the capital city of Switzerland.  The network is roughly coterminous with Bern's urban agglomeration. Its services connect with those of Lucerne S-Bahn, RER Fribourg, RER Vaud and transN.

With approximately 9 million train kilometres per year, the Bern S-Bahn is the second-largest S-Bahn in Switzerland. It handles around 100,000 passengers daily (175,000 on weekdays), and thus carries the majority of the agglomeration's regional public transport traffic.