hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Declaration of Independents
The Declaration of Independents: How Libertarian Politics Can Fix What's Wrong with America is a 2011 non-fiction book by American political writers Matt Welch and Nick Gillespie. Welch is the former editor-in-chief of Reason, a position Gillespie also held from 2000 to 2008. The authors discuss the nature and influence of libertarianism in the United States. It is published by PublicAffairs, an imprint of the Perseus Books Group.

The title is a pun referring to both the U.S. Declaration of Independence and independent voters.

Nick Gillespie
Nicholas John Gillespie (/ɡɪˈlɛspi/ ghih-LES-pee; born August 7, 1963) is an American libertarian journalist who was editor-in-chief of Reason magazine from 2000 to 2008 and editor-in-chief of Reason.com and Reason TV from 2008 to 2017. Gillespie joined Reason's staff in 1993 as an assistant editor and ascended to the top slot in 2000. As of 2025, he is an editor-at-large at Reason.

Gillespie has edited one anthology, Choice: The Best of Reason and has made media appearances on CNN, Fox News, MSNBC, and HBO's Real Time with Bill Maher, where he advocates for libertarian perspectives. His work addresses topics such as free markets, limited government, free speech, and criminal justice reform.
Marie Hilton
Marie Hilton born Marie Case (1821 – 1896) was a British pioneer of child care. She created "Mrs's Hilton's Creche, Infirmary and Orphan's Home" in London to enable working-class mothers to work jobs outside of the home. Throughout her career, over thirty thousand children had been looked after at Marie’s establishments.

Child care in the United Kingdom
Child care in the United Kingdom is supported by a combination of rights at work, public sector provision and private companies. Child care is usually undertaken by the parents, and more often the mother who takes leave from employment. Early childhood education in a crèche or nursery is not freely available from the public sector, while fee-paying pre-schools are.
Kytmanovsky District
Kytmanovsky District (Russian: Кы́тмановский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the krai. The area of the district is 2,550 square kilometers (980 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Kytmanovo. Population:  13,896 (2010 Census); 17,257 (2002 Census); 18,469 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kytmanovo accounts for 27.9% of the district's total population.

Kytmanovo
Kytmanovo (Russian: Кытманово) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kytmanovsky District of Altai Krai, Russia. Population:  3,873 (2010 Census); 4,216 (2002 Census); 4,236 (1989 Soviet census).
Stayman convention
Stayman is a bidding convention in the card game contract bridge. It is used by a partnership to find a 4-4 or 5-3 trump fit in a major suit after making a one notrump (1NT) opening bid and it has been adapted for use after a 2NT opening, a 1NT overcall, and many other natural notrump bids.

The convention is named for Sam Stayman, who wrote the first published description in 1945, but its inventors were two other players: the British expert Jack Marx in 1939, who published it only in 1946, and Stayman's regular partner George Rapée in 1944.

George Rapée
George Nicholas Rapée (May 22, 1915 – April 1, 1999) was an American bridge player. From 1942 to 1980 he was the most successful player in the American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) in its three most important teams-of-four tournaments, the Vanderbilt, Spingold, and Reisinger. He played on the American teams that won the first three Bermuda Bowls, 1950 to 1953.
Ah! Leah!
"Ah! Leah!" is a song by Mark Avsec and American rock musician Donnie Iris from the latter's 1980 album Back on the Streets. The song has been described as Iris's signature song, as well the unofficial anthem of the city of Pittsburgh and Western Pennsylvania as a whole.

Eight musicians appeared in early live performances of the song, including lead singer Iris, a drummer, three guitar players, a keyboard player and at least two backing vocalists, one female and one male.

The title of the song has been referred to in the form of puns on a few of Iris's later albums—the 2009 live album Ah! Live! and the 2010 Christmas album Ah! Leluiah!.

Ah! Leluiah!
Ah! Leluiah! is the eleventh studio album and the first Christmas album by American rock singer Donnie Iris, released on November 18, 2010.  The project was first announced by keyboardist/songwriter/producer/legalist Mark Avsec in February 2010 in an interview with Cleveland Scene. (The album title is a pun on Iris' big hit song, "Ah! Leah!".)
Hopwood Clock Tower
The Hopwood Clock Tower, also known as the Palmerston North Clock Tower or Kerei Te Panau, is a clock tower in the centre of the Square in Palmerston North, New Zealand. The tower is named after local businessman Arthur Hopwood, who paid for it to be constructed in 1953. The Māori name for the clock tower, 'Kerei Te Panau', comes from the name of a local Rangitāne chieftain.

The modern tower has two luminous features, a 'lantern cross' at its top and light-up glass panes at the base.

Palmerston North Central
Palmerston North Central is the central suburb and central business district of Palmerston North, on New Zealand's North Island.

State Highway 3 passes through the area along Rangitikei Street, Main Street East, Grey Street and Princess Street.
Sir William Grierson, 2nd Baronet
Sir William Grierson, 2nd Baronet (c. 1677 – 1760), of Rockhall, Lag, Dumfries, was a Scottish Jacobite and Tory politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1709 to 1711. He was captured and imprisoned in the 1715 Jabobite rebellion.

Rockhall Tower
Rockhall Tower, also known as Rockhall House or Rockhall Tower House, is a 16th-century tower house in Collin, Dumfries and Galloway. The castle originally belonged to Clan Kirkpatrick and later passed, through marriage, into Clan Grierson, becoming the home of the Grierson baronets. Sir Robert Grierson, 1st Baronet lived here until his death in 1733.
The Ton
The Ton is a 1788 comedy play by the Scottish writer Eglantine Wallace. The title is a reference to the Ton, the fashionable social elite.

It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden in London on 8 April 1788. The original cast included Ralph Wewitzer as Lord Bonton, William Farren as Lord Raymond, Alexander Pope as Lord Ormond, Charles Lee Lewes as Captain Daffodil, John Henry Johnstone as MacPharo, Francis Aickin as Villiers, James Fearon as Truffly, John Quick as Ben Levy, Isabella Mattocks as Lady Bonton, Jane Pope as Lady Raymond, Ann Brunton as Lady Clairville, Mary Wells as Clara and Charlotte Morton as Mademoiselle.

Francis Aickin
Francis Aickin (died 1805),  was an Irish actor, who worked at the Edinburgh Theatre in Scotland, and between 1765 and 1792 in theatres in the West End of London.

Francis Aickin first appeared in London in 1765 as Dick Amlet in John Vanbrugh's The Confederacy at Drury Lane.  He acted there, and at Covent Garden, until 1792.  His repertory consisted of over eighty characters, and among his best parts were the Ghost in Hamlet and Jaques in As You Like It. His success in impassioned declamatory roles obtained for him the nickname of "Tyrant".
Robert Wood (rugby, born 1872)
Robert Wood (14 November 1872 – 1 March 1928) was an English rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1890s. He played representative level rugby union (RU) for England, and at club level for Liversedge, as a half-back, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Yorkshire, and at club level for Wakefield Trinity, as a wing, stand-off, or scrum-half. Prior to Thursday 29 August 1895, Liversedge, and Wakefield Trinity were both rugby union clubs.

Liversedge RFC
Liversedge RFC (founded 1877) were a semi-professional rugby league club from Liversedge, Yorkshire, England. They were a founder member of the Northern Rugby Football Union, precursor to the Rugby Football League.
Keizer, Oregon
Keizer (/ˈkaɪzər/) is a city in Marion County, Oregon, United States, along the 45th parallel. As of the 2020 United States census, its population was 39,376, making it the 14th most populous city in Oregon. It lies in the Willamette Valley and is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area. It was named after pioneer Thomas Dove (T. D.) Keizur and his family, who arrived in the Wagon Train of 1843, and later filed donation land claims.

45th parallel north
The 45th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 45 degrees north of Earth's equator. It crosses Europe, Asia, the Pacific Ocean, North America, and the Atlantic Ocean.
The 45th parallel north is often called the halfway point between the equator and the North Pole, but the true halfway point is 16.0 km (9.9 mi) north of it (approximately between 45°08'39" and 45°08'40") because Earth is an oblate spheroid; that is, it bulges at the equator and is flattened at the poles.

At this latitude, the sun is visible for 15 hours 37 minutes during the summer solstice, and 8 hours 46 minutes during the winter solstice.  The midday Sun stands 21.6° above the southern horizon at the December solstice, 68.4° at the June solstice, and exactly 45.0° at either equinox.
Natsumi Fujiwara
Natsumi Fujiwara (藤原 夏海, Fujiwara Natsumi; born June 2, 1993) is a Japanese voice actress represented by Arts Vision. She graduated from the Japan Narration Performance Institute.  She voiced Chihiro Komiya in Shōnen Maid, Tōru Mutsuki in Tokyo Ghoul:re, Daigo Shigeno in Major 2nd, and Abigail Jones in Great Pretender.

Major 2nd
Major 2nd (stylized in all caps) is a Japanese sports manga series written and illustrated by Takuya Mitsuda. It is a sequel to the original manga series Major. It has been serialized in Shogakukan's Weekly Shōnen Sunday since March 2015. An anime television series adaptation aired on NHK Educational TV from April to September 2018. A second season aired from April to November 2020.
Killer Ape
Killer Ape (1953) is the twelfth Jungle Jim film produced by Columbia Pictures. It features Johnny Weissmuller in his twelfth performance as the protagonist adventurer Jungle Jim. Carol Thurston also stars. The film was directed by Spencer G. Bennet and written by Arthur Hoerl and Carroll Young.

The film centres on Jungle Jim battling a man-like ape in the jungle and trying to clear his name after he is framed of murder. The film was theatrically released in the United States in December 1953.

Max Palmer
Max Edmund Palmer (November 27, 1927 – May 7, 1984) was an American actor and professional wrestler. Known for his great height and his ring name Paul Bunyan, in 2014 he was described as the second tallest professional wrestler in history.
L.A.Y.L.A.H. Antirecords
L.A.Y.L.A.H. Antirecords is a defunct Belgian record label, started by Marc Monin, notable for releasing early work from several renowned industrial/experimental artists such as Coil, Nurse With Wound, Current 93 and Laibach.

L.A.Y.L.A.H. operated as a sub-label of Les Disques du Crépuscule for manufacturing and distribution, but A&R was independent of Crépuscule.

Les Disques du Crépuscule
Les Disques du Crépuscule is an independent record label founded in Belgium in 1980 by Michel Duval and Annik Honoré. It also had a prominent associated sublabel, Factory Benelux. Both are now run by former employee James Nice.

"Crépuscule" translates as "twilight", with most of the label's catalogue numbers prefixed by the letters TWI.
Harrison Street
Francis Burton Harrison Street, commonly known as F. B. Harrison Street or simply Harrison Street, is a major north-south collector road in Pasay, western Metro Manila, Philippines. It is a four-lane undivided arterial running parallel to Roxas Boulevard to the west and Taft Avenue to the east, from Pasay's border with Malate district in the north to Baclaran in Parañaque in the south. The street is named for U.S. Governor-General of the Philippines Francis Burton Harrison.

Pasay
Pasay, officially the City of Pasay (Filipino: Lungsod ng Pasay; IPA: [ˈpaː.saɪ̯]), is a highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 453,186 people.

Due to its location just south of Manila, Pasay quickly became an urban town during the American colonial period. It is now best known for being the site of most of Ninoy Aquino International Airport and of complexes such as Newport City and the SM Central Business Park.
Pseudo-Alexios II
Pseudo-Alexios II was the most famous among several pretenders to the throne of the Byzantine Empire who appeared in the early reign of Isaac II Angelos (r. 1185-1195 and 1203–1204). He claimed to be the Emperor Alexios II Komnenos, who had been murdered in 1183.

Isaac II Angelos
Isaac II Angelos or Angelus (Greek: Ἰσαάκιος Κομνηνός Ἄγγελος, romanized: Isaákios Komnēnós Ángelos; September 1156 – 28 January 1204) was Byzantine Emperor from 1185 to 1195, and co-Emperor with his son Alexios IV Angelos from 1203 to 1204. In an 1185 revolt against the Emperor Andronikos Komnenos, Isaac seized power and rose to the Byzantine throne, establishing the Angelos family as the new imperial dynasty.

His father Andronikos Doukas Angelos was a military leader in Asia Minor (c. 1122 – aft. 1185) who married Euphrosyne Kastamonitissa (c. 1125 – aft. 1195). Andronikos Doukas Angelos was the son of Constantine Angelos and Theodora Komnene (b. 15 January 1096/1097), the youngest daughter of Emperor Alexios I Komnenos and Irene Doukaina. Thus Isaac was a member of the extended imperial clan of the Komnenoi.
St Paul's tube station
St Paul's is a London Underground station. It is located in the City of London financial district. The station, which takes its name from the nearby St Paul's Cathedral, is on the Central line between Chancery Lane and Bank stations. It is in London fare zone 1.

It should not be confused with the former St. Paul's Thameslink railway station, a Thameslink railway station which opened in 1990, but has some distance from the Underground station. That station was subsequently renamed City Thameslink after one year, to avoid confusion for the emergency services. But for some years afterwards, many maps and guidebooks in circulation continued to carry the earlier name.

St. Martin's Le Grand
St. Martin's Le Grand is a former liberty within the City of London, and is the name of a street north of Newgate Street and Cheapside and south of Aldersgate Street. It forms the southernmost section of the A1 road. For many years St. Martin's Le Grand was "often used as a synonym for the chief postal authorities, as Scotland Yard is used to designate the police", the headquarters of the General Post Office having been there from 1829-1984.
Shaukeen
Shoukheen (in Bengali; transl. Enthusiast), also known as Shaukeen, is a 1982 Indian bilingual comedy film simultaneously shot in Bengali and Hindi languages, directed by Basu Chatterjee. Based on story Ram Nam Kewalam by Samaresh Basu and was loosely based on the 1962 American movie Boys' Night Out. The movie stars Ashok Kumar, Utpal Dutt, A.K. Hangal, Rati Agnihotri and Mithun Chakraborty.

Basu Chaterjee loved the song Nitol Paye Rinik Jhinik sung and composed by S. D. Burman since childhood and requested S. D.'s son R. D. Burman to compose song Jab Bhi Koi using same tune in the film.

Samaresh Basu
Samaresh Basu (Bengali pronunciation: [/səˈmɑːrɛʃ/]; 11 December 1924 – 12 March 1988) was an Indian writer in modern Bengali literature, known for his versatility and vast range of themes. He wrote under the pen name Kalkut. Basu was awarded the 1980 Sahitya Akademi Award in Bengali, by Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, for his novel, Shamba. He won the 1983 Filmfare Awards for Best Story for Namkeen.
Bell Duncan
Bell Duncan (8 August 1849 – 5 January 1934), also known as Isobel, Isabella and Elizabeth, was a traditional singer from Aberdeenshire, Scotland.

She was born in Forgue, Aberdeenshire in 1849, to George Duncan (1814-1903) a farmer, and Jane Duncan (née Hutcheon) (1807-1884), from whom she learnt most of her songs. She worked as a housekeeper and had three children.

She had an enormous repertoire of around 300 traditional songs which were recorded by the song collector James Madison Carpenter, including 60 of the Child Ballads, many of which have never been recorded from the mouths of any other source singer. Hundreds of Carpenter's recordings of Bell Duncan are available on the Vaughan William Memorial Library website with Carpenter's transcriptions of the lyrics, including her performances of ballads such as The Elfin Knight, Geordie, Lord Bateman, Barbara Allen, Binorie, and other far rarer old ballads such as The White Fisher, Fair Mary of Wallington and The Gardener Lad.

Forgue
Forgue is a hamlet in Aberdeenshire. It lies 35 miles (56 km) northwest of Aberdeen and 8 miles (13 km) northeast of Huntly. It is northwest of the village Largue.

The hamlet is surrounded by the lands of Bognie Estate, which have been held by the Morisons of Bognie since 1635.

The Glendronach distillery, Bognie Castle and Scott Hall are located within the wider area.
Jakob Aano
Jakob Aano (10 April 1920 – 10 February 2016) was a Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party. He was born in Sauda Municipality.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Rogaland in 1965, and was re-elected on four occasions. He was never involved in local politics, but was the first vice leader of the national party from 1983 to 1985.

He graduated with the cand.philol. degree in 1948. He wrote for Vårt Land from 1945 to 1959, and was a reporter for the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation from 1959 to 1963 meanwhile he was working as a school rector in Tanzania. He was later hired by the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation. He was a member of the council of the Norwegian branch of the Helsinki Committee for Human Rights from 1983 to 1990, a member of the Arts Council Norway from 1989 to 1992, and a deputy member of the Norwegian Nobel Committee from 1991 to 1999.

Rogaland (Storting constituency)
Rogaland is one of the 19 multi-member constituencies of the Storting, the national legislature of Norway. The constituency was established in 1921 following the introduction of proportional representation for elections to the Storting. It is conterminous with the county of Rogaland. The constituency currently elects 13 of the 169 members of the Storting using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2025 parliamentary election it had 350,312 registered electors.
Cardiff East
Cardiff East (Welsh: Dwyrain Caerdydd) is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament, first contested at the 2024 United Kingdom general election, following the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies. It is currently represented by Jo Stevens of the Labour Party (UK), who currently serves as Secretary of State for Wales under the government of Keir Starmer.

A parliamentary constituency of the same name previously existed from the 1918 general election until the 1950 general election.

2023 review of Westminster constituencies
The 2023 review of Westminster constituencies was the most recent cycle of the process to redraw the constituency map for the House of Commons of the United Kingdom. The new constituency boundaries were approved by the Privy Council on 15 November 2023 and came into law on 29 November. It is the first review of Westminster boundaries to be successfully implemented since 2010.

These constituencies were first contested at the 2024 general election.
Dance Panique
Dance Panique is the seventh studio album by Finnish industrial metal band Turmion Kätilöt, released on March 17, 2017 on the label Osasto-A Records. It is their last album with vocalist Tuomas Rytkönen after he left the band in January 2017. The album was originally scheduled to be released on February 10, 2017, but the release was postponed for a few weeks after the band's singer MC Raaka Pee fell ill during the production of the album.

Turmion Kätilöt
Turmion Kätilöt (literally "Midwives of Ruin", "Midwives of Bane" or "Midwives of Perdition") is a Finnish industrial metal band founded in 2003 by MC Raaka Pee and DJ Vastapallo, who until the latter's departure, were the only studio lineup. The line-up now includes Master Bates, RunQ, DQ, Bobby Undertaker and Shag-U, alongside MC Raaka Pee.
Hometown, Pennsylvania
Hometown is a village (a neighborhood, and now a census-designated place (CDP) once having a post office) in Rush Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, United States that sits astride a crossing point between important transportation corridors. The population was 1,399 at the 2000 census, and excepting for the area near the east–west PA 54 running mostly parallel to the tracks of the Reading, Blue Mountain, and Northern Railroad — once the important east-west shortline Nesquehoning & Mahanoy Railroad — and the PA 54 junction with PA 309.

Pennsylvania Route 54
Pennsylvania Route 54 (PA 54) is a state highway which runs for 82 miles (132 km) in eastern Pennsylvania in the United States.

The highway runs from U.S. Route 15 (US 15), which is three miles (5 km) west of Montgomery, Lycoming County, in the west, to US 209 in Nesquehoning, Carbon County, in the east.
José Manoel da Conceição
José Manouel da Conceicao (1822–1873) was a Brazilian Catholic priest, later converted to the Reformed faith and joined the Presbyterian Church of Brazil and become the first Brazilian pastor of this evangelical denomination. His ordination was on December 17, 1865. He served as an evangelist in São Paulo. Because of his conversion to the Reformed faith Conceicao had been excommunicated from the Roman Catholic church. He was often injured in his travels, and died in Vale do Paraíba due to the injuries sustained.

Presbyterian Church of Brazil
The Presbyterian Church of Brazil (Portuguese: Igreja Presbiteriana do Brasil, or IPB, PCB in English) is an Evangelical Protestant Christian denomination in Brazil. It is the largest Presbyterian denomination in the country, having an estimated 702,949 members, 4,915 ordained ministers and 5,420 churches and  parishes. It is also the only Presbyterian denomination in Brazil present in all 26 States and the Federal District.

The Church was founded by the American missionary Rev. Ashbel Green Simonton, who also oversaw the formal organization of the first congregation (Presbyterian Church of Rio de Janeiro) and the first Presbytery (Presbytery of Rio de Janeiro).

The original Church in Rio de Janeiro was formally organized in January 1863. The Church then left the jurisdiction of the American church 1888, when the Synod was formed. The denomination considers the date of Simonton's arrival in Brazil, 12 August, 1859, as its foundation date.
Vitek v. Jones
Vitek v. Jones, 445 U.S. 480 (1980), is a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court held that state prisoners are entitled to notice, an adversarial hearing, and counsel before their involuntary transfer to state mental hospitals for treatment under the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause.

Due Process Clause
A Due Process Clause is found in both the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, which prohibit the deprivation of "life, liberty, or property" by the federal and state governments, respectively, without due process of law.

The U.S. Supreme Court interprets these clauses to guarantee a variety of protections: procedural due process (in civil and criminal proceedings); substantive due process (a guarantee of some fundamental rights); a prohibition against vague laws; incorporation of the Bill of Rights to state governments; and equal protection under the laws of the federal government.