hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Salinometer
A salinometer is a device designed to measure the salinity, or dissolved salt content, of a solution.

Since the salinity affects both the electrical conductivity and the specific gravity of a solution, a salinometer often consist of an ec meter or hydrometer and some means of converting those readings to a salinity reading. A salinometer may be calibrated in either micromhos, a unit of electrical conductivity, (usually 0-22) or else directly calibrated for salt in 'grains per gallon' (0-0.5). A typical reading on-board ship would be 2 micromhos or 0.05 grains per gallon. A reading of twice this may trigger a warning light or alarm.

Salinity
Salinity (/səˈlɪnɪti/) is the saltiness or amount of salt dissolved in a body of water, called saline water (see also soil salinity). It is usually measured in g/L or g/kg (grams of salt per liter/kilogram of water; the latter is dimensionless and equal to ‰).

Salinity is an important factor in determining many aspects of the chemistry of natural waters and of biological processes within it, and is a thermodynamic state variable that, along with temperature and pressure, governs physical characteristics like the density and heat capacity of the water. These in turn are important for understanding ocean currents and heat exchange with the atmosphere.

A contour line of constant salinity is called an isohaline, or sometimes isohale.
Zolof the Rock & Roll Destroyer (album)
Zolof the Rock & Roll Destroyer is the debut album by pop rock band Zolof the Rock & Roll Destroyer. It was originally released by Break Even Records / Wonka Vision, but was later reissued by Law of Inertia / Reignition Records on August 10, 2004. The songs feature Anthony Green on vocals. Several of the tracks were re-recorded for their follow up album, Jalopy Go Far.

Zolof the Rock & Roll Destroyer
Zolof the Rock & Roll Destroyer (often referred to as simply Zolof) were an American pop rock band that originated in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania through core members Vince Ratti and Rachel Minton alongside Anthony Green. Their music, defined by the band members as "spunk rock", is heavily structured and influenced by pop music by way of catchy rhythms and bright lyrics.

The band competed in 2006's Mountain Dew Circuit Breakout challenge on MTV2, but was beaten by California band Halifax.

The Band played its most recent concert in 2009 and has presumably since broken up as the members have moved on to other projects.
Marimekko
Marimekko Corporation (Finnish: Marimekko Oyj) is a Finnish textiles, clothing, and home furnishings company founded by Viljo and Armi Ratia in Helsinki in 1951. Marimekko made important contributions to fashion in the 1960s. It is particularly noted for its brightly colored printed fabrics and simple styles, used both in women's garments and in home furnishings.

Two designers in particular, Vuokko Nurmesniemi, with bold stripes, and Maija Isola, with large simple flowered prints such as the Unikko poppy, created hundreds of distinctive patterns and helped to make Marimekko a household name across the world.

Armi Ratia
Armi Maria Ratia née Airaksinen (13 July 1912 – 3 October 1979) was a Finnish businesswoman, she was the co-founder of the Finnish textile and clothing company Marimekko Ltd. She is among Finland's most famous female entrepreneurs. She was born in  Pälkjärvi in Ladoga Karelia. For a detailed biographical article in the context of her Marimekko company, see The National Biography of Finland entry.

She is buried in the Hietaniemi Cemetery in Helsinki.
Diet of Worms (1495)
At the Diet of Worms (German: Reichstag zu Worms) in 1495, the foundation stone was laid for a comprehensive reform (Reichsreform) of the Holy Roman Empire. Even though several elements of the reforms agreed by the Imperial Diet (Reichstag) at Worms did not last, they were nevertheless highly significant in the further development of the empire. They were intended to alter its structure and constitutional ordinances in order to resolve the problems of imperial government that had become evident.

Berthold von Henneberg
Bertold von Henneberg-Römhild (1442–1504) was Archbishop of Mainz and Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 1484, imperial chancellor from 1486, and leader of the reform faction within the Empire.: 32
Amalie Leth-Nissen
Amalie Leth-Nissen (born 15 September 2004) is a Danish professional golfer and Ladies European Tour player. She was runner-up at the 2021 Terre Blanche Ladies Open and the 2022 Smørum Ladies Open on the LET Access Series as an amateur, before winning the 2025 Terre Blanche Ladies Open.

Junior Vagliano Trophy
The Junior Vagliano Trophy is an annual girls amateur golf tournament. It is co-organised by The R&A and the European Golf Association and is contested by teams representing "Great Britain and Ireland" and the "Continent of Europe". The first event was in 2011. Originally it was played in odd-numbered years at the same time and location as the Vagliano Trophy but in 2021 it became an annual event. Girls must be under-16 on 1 January of the year of the event. The Continent of Europe won the first seven matches. The eighth match was tied but the Continent of Europe retained the Trophy. Great Britain and Ireland won for the first time in 2024.
Good Boys (film)
Good Boys is a 2019 American coming-of-age comedy film directed by Gene Stupnitsky, in his directorial debut, and written by Stupnitsky and Lee Eisenberg. It stars Jacob Tremblay, Keith L. Williams, and Brady Noon as three sixth-graders who find themselves in a series of misadventures as they try to attend a party hosted by their popular classmates. Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg produced the film through their Point Grey Pictures company.

The film premiered at South by Southwest in Austin, Texas. on March 11, 2019, and was theatrically released in the United States on August 16, 2019 by Universal Pictures. It received generally positive reviews and was a box-office success, grossing $111 million worldwide on a $20 million budget.

Keith L. Williams
Keith Leon Williams (born May 21, 2007) is an American actor.  He is known for playing Barry in the 2022 film Secret Headquarters.  He is also known for playing Lucas in the 2019 film Good Boys.  On television, he is known for his work in the TV shows The Last Man on Earth and The Astronauts. Williams was born in Fort Worth, Texas. He attended Mary Jo Sheppard Elementary. As of November 2020, he resides in Mansfield, Texas and Los Angeles.
Eskdalemuir
Eskdalemuir  is a civil parish and small village in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland, with a population of 265.  It is around 10 miles (16 km) north-west of Langholm and 10 miles (16 km) north-east of Lockerbie.

The area comprises high wet moorlands, chiefly used for sheep grazing and forestry plantation (Eskdalemuir Forest). The main settlement is near the White Esk river.

Eskdalemuir is probably best known for the Eskdalemuir Observatory and for the Samye Ling Tibetan Buddhist monastery.

River Esk (Solway Firth)
The River Esk (Scottish Gaelic: Easg), also known as the Border Esk, is a river that rises in the Scottish region of Dumfries and Galloway before crossing the border to the English county of Cumbria and flowing into the Solway Firth.
Loree Sutton
Loree K. Sutton (born July 15, 1959) is an American psychiatrist and retired military officer who served as a brigadier general in the United States Army.

Sutton served for over twenty years and was awarded a Bronze Star. From 2007 to 2010, She was the Army's highest-ranking psychiatrist.

In 2014, New York City Mayor Bill de Blasio appointed Sutton as Commissioner of the New York City Department of Veterans' Services. Sutton was a candidate in the 2021 New York City Democratic mayoral primary.

2021 New York City Democratic mayoral primary
The Democratic Party primary for the 2021 New York City mayoral election took place on June 22, 2021. Brooklyn Borough President Eric Adams defeated 12 other candidates, including Kathryn Garcia, Maya Wiley, and Andrew Yang. Adams went on to defeat Republican Curtis Sliwa and other candidates in the November 2, 2021 general election.

The New York City Board of Elections was substantially criticized for its handling of the race, the first after New York's initial implementation of ranked-choice voting (RCV). A week after election day, the Board announced a discrepancy in the initial results, posting in a tweet that approximately 135,000 additional votes, originating from a test run, had been added to the total count.
Borek, Gołdap County
Borek [ˈbɔrɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Banie Mazurskie, within Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Gmina Banie Mazurskie
Gmina Banie Mazurskie is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Gołdap County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, on the border with Russia. Its seat is the village of Banie Mazurskie, which lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) south-west of Gołdap and 113 km (70 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The gmina covers an area of 205.02 square kilometres (79.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,920.
Edward Upward
Edward Falaise Upward, FRSL (9 September 1903 – 13 February 2009) was a British novelist and short story writer who, prior to his death, was believed to be the UK's oldest living author. Initially gaining recognition amongst the Auden Group as a highly imaginative surrealist writer, in the 1930s he joined the Communist Party of Great Britain, after which his writing shifted towards Marxist realism. His literary career spanned over eighty years.

Auden Group
The Auden Group, also called Auden Generation and sometimes simply the Thirties poets, was a group of British and Irish writers active in the 1930s that included W. H. Auden, Louis MacNeice, Cecil Day-Lewis, Stephen Spender, Christopher Isherwood and sometimes Edward Upward and Rex Warner.
Buddhist paths to liberation
The Buddhist path (marga) to liberation, also referred to as awakening, is described in a wide variety of ways. The Noble Eightfold Path is prominent in Theravada Buddhism and popularly well-known, but is only one of several summaries presented in the Sutta Pitaka. A number of other summaries of the path to liberation are given within various Buddhist traditions, of which the four stages of dhyana may be the most prominent one.

Darshan (Indian religions)
In Indian religions, a darshan (Sanskrit: दर्शन, IAST: darśana; lit. 'showing, appearance, view, sight') or darshanam is the auspicious sight of a deity or a holy person.

The term also refers to any one of the six traditional schools of Hindu philosophy and their literature on spirituality and soteriology.
Luuk Tinbergen
Luuk Tinbergen (7 September 1915, in The Hague – 1 September 1955, in Groningen) was a Dutch ornithologist and ecologist.

Tinbergen was the youngest of three eminent brothers — both Jan and Nikolaas won Nobel Prizes, for economics and physiology or medicine, respectively.

He was appointed in 1949 by Gerard Baerends to the University of Groningen, where he developed important concepts in ethology.  He was influenced to specialize in ethology by ethologist brother Niko with whom he was very close, but he also was influenced by Jan to introduce a level of quantitative analysis not previously utilized in ethology.  Tinbergen committed suicide in 1955 at the age of 39.  Tijs Tinbergen, his elder son, is a nature film director (imdb), whose 1994 film Gebiologeerd ("mesmerised") is a homage to his father . Tinbergen's younger son, Joost Tinbergen, is also a biologist.

Tijs Tinbergen
Tijs Tinbergen (Dutch pronunciation: [tɛis ˈtɪmbɛrɣə(n)]; born c. 3 July 1947 in Hulshorst)  is a Dutch filmmaker.

Tinbergen graduated with honors from the Netherlands Film Academy in 1975. He primarily produces documentaries, usually in collaboration with the producer Jan Musch. In 2009, he won the Golden Calf award for his film Rotvos.

Tinbergen is the son of Tilde Frensdorf (1922–2014) and the ornithologist Luuk Tinbergen (1915–1955). He is the nephew of the Nobel Prize-winning brothers Jan and Niko Tinbergen.
Dick Anderson (American football, born 1941)
Richard E. Anderson (born July 29, 1941) is an American former college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Rutgers University from 1984 to 1989, compiling a record of 28–33–4. His highlight victory during that span was 21–16 win over Penn State in 1988—Rutgers' first win over the Nittany Lions in 70 years.  He played college football at Penn State, and served there as an assistant football coach for many years under Joe Paterno.

Rutgers Scarlet Knights football
The Rutgers Scarlet Knights football program represents Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Rutgers competes as a member of the Big Ten Conference. Prior to joining the Big Ten, the Scarlet Knights were a member of the American Athletic Conference (formerly the Big East Conference) from 1991 to 2013. Rutgers plays its home games at SHI Stadium, in Piscataway, New Jersey. The team is currently led by head coach Greg Schiano. The Scarlet Knights football team is also notable for playing in the first college football game in 1869, in which the Scarlet Knights won by the score 6–4.
The Intimate Strangers (play)
The Intimate Strangers is a 1921 play by Booth Tarkington. It is a three-act comedy with two settings and eight characters. The action of the play takes place within 24 hours. The story concerns a naive old-fashioned bachelor, teased by a pretend spinster, with a younger couple serving as competition. Tarkington wrote the play with Maude Adams in mind, but when she was unavailable, it became a vehicle for Billie Burke.

The play was produced by a consortium including Abe Erlanger, Charles Dillingham, and Florenz Ziegfeld. It was staged by Ira Hards, and starred Burke, with Alfred Lunt, Frances Howard, and Glen Hunter. It had a tryout in Washington, D. C., a week before it premiered on Broadway during November 1921. It ran through January 1922 for 91 performances, before going on tour.

The play was never revived on Broadway, but was adapted for an episode of Kraft Television Theatre in 1951.

Frances Howard (actress)
Frances Howard Goldwyn (née McLaughlin; June 4, 1903 – July 2, 1976) was an American actress. She was the second wife of producer Samuel Goldwyn, and the paternal grandmother of actors Tony and John Goldwyn.
Forest Hill Chase
Forest Hill Chase is a major regional shopping centre located in Forest Hill, a suburb of Melbourne, Australia. It has approximately 200 shops across three levels and parking space for over 3400 cars.

Known locally as "The Chase", it has three supermarkets (Coles, Woolworths, Aldi), two discount department stores (Target and Harris Scarfe), a Hoyts cinema complex and some smaller anchor stores. The JY Group and Haben Property Fund have shared joint 50/50 ownership of Forest Hill Chase since 2022.

First proposed in 1957, the centre officially opened on 30 June 1964 with 70 shops in an open-air mall layout, and has since undergone significant redevelopments completed in July 1976 and December 1990. It was originally known as the Forest Hill(s) Shopping Centre, becoming Forest Hill Chase during redevelopment in 1989. Burvale Hotel

Raymond Borg
Raymond Lawrence Adolf Borg (born 14 October 1930) was a Maltese businessman active in Australia and Canada during the second half of the 20th Century. His career became embroiled in major corporate scandals beginning in the early 1960s. He played a key role in what became the largest bankruptcy in Australian history. After serving time in prison he fled to Toronto where he built up North America's largest medical waste incineration and transportation company. His whereabouts beyond 1993 are unknown.
Norbury railway station
Norbury railway station is a National Rail station in the Norbury area of the London Borough of Croydon in south London. It is on the Brighton Main Line, 7 miles 36 chains (12.0 km) down the line from London Victoria. The station is operated by Southern, which also provides all train services. It is in London fare zone 3 and ticket barriers are in operation at this station.

Norbury
Norbury is an town and suburb in south London. It shares the postcode London SW16 with neighbouring Streatham. The area is mainly in the borough of Croydon, with some parts extending into the neighbouring borough of Lambeth. Norbury is 6.7 miles (10.8 km) south of Charing Cross.
Chenowth Advanced Light Strike Vehicle
The Chenowth Advanced Light Strike Vehicle (ALSV) is an all-terrain light military vehicle developed by the United States. It is the successor to the Chenowth Light Strike Vehicle and the Desert Patrol Vehicle, and features improved performance and armament. The sandrail vehicle is relatively small, and can be carried in a transport aircraft. Although it is mainly used by the US Navy SEALs and Marine Corps, several other countries have procured it.

Sandrail
A sandrail, also called a sand rail, rail, or sand car, is a lightweight off-road motor vehicle specifically built for traveling in sandy terrain. Synonymously referred to as dune buggies, a sandrail is a type of speciality vehicle. They are popularly operated on actual sand dunes. Sandrails can be driven on other types of terrain but are designed specifically for sand.
Winn Springs, Tennessee
Winn Springs is an unincorporated community in Hardin County, Tennessee. Winn Springs is located on the west bank of the Tennessee River just north of the Mississippi and Alabama borders. The community is east of Red Sulphur Springs.

Hardin County, Tennessee
Hardin County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 26,831. The county seat is Savannah. Hardin County is located north of and along the borders of Mississippi and Alabama. The county was founded in November 1819 and named posthumously for Col. Joseph Hardin, a Revolutionary War soldier and a legislative representative for the Province of North Carolina; the State of Franklin; and the Southwest Territory. Hardin County was the site of the  Battle of Shiloh (also known as the Battle of Pittsburg Landing) during the Civil War.
Flat Bastion
Flat Bastion is a bastion which projects southward from the Charles V Wall in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. Once known as the St. Jago's Bastion or the Baluarte de Santiago in Spanish,  the fortification was built by the Spanish in the mid 16th century and formed part of the southern defences of the city of Gibraltar, together with Charles V Wall, Southport Gates, Southport Ditch, and South Bastion. In 1859, six guns, four 12-pounders and two 12-pound carronades, were installed on the bastion, and four years later, five 32-pounders  were mounted on the fortification.

Flat Bastion takes its name from the angle that its south-facing walls form with each other and with the Charles V Wall. Within the eastern portion of Flat Bastion is Flat Bastion Magazine. The bastion and magazine within it are separately listed with the Gibraltar Heritage Trust. The magazine has been restored and converted into a research facility.

Charles V Wall
The Charles V Wall is a 16th-century defensive curtain wall that forms part of the fortifications of the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. Originally called Muralla de San Benito (English: St. Benedict's Wall), it was built in 1540 and strengthened in 1552 by Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. The wall remains largely intact and extends from South Bastion, which was once at the water's edge in the harbour, to the top ridge of the Rock of Gibraltar.
The Irish World (London)
The Irish World is a weekly newspaper for Irish people in Britain and their families. Established in 1987, the newspapers founder and proprietor was Paddy Cowan, until his death in 2020. As of 2012, the editor was Bernard Purcell.

As of 2015, The Irish World was the "official media partner" for London GAA. It also hosted the Irish World Awards until the closure of the Galtymore Dance Hall in Cricklewood in 2008. Those awards were revived at the Novotel Hotel in Hammersmith, for special 25th and 30th anniversary events in 2012 and 2017.

Former editors have included Damien Gaffney, Donal Mooney, and Frank Murphy.

Donal Mooney
Donal Mooney was an Irish journalist and editor.

Born in Nenagh, County Tipperary, he grew up in Abbeyleix, County Laois and in Rathmines, Dublin. He was educated at Belvedere College, Dublin, and went to University College Dublin, graduating in English and Commerce.

He first worked as journalist for The Hibernia Magazine. Mooney edited The Catholic Standard from 1971 until 1973, when he moved to the UK, and worked for The Irish Post, which he also became editor of. In later years he edited The Irish World newspaper in Britain.

He died aged 63, in 2004 after a long illness.
Tal Dekel
Tal Dekel (Hebrew: טל דקל; born February 1, 1968) is an art historian, curator and academic, who serves as an associate professor at Kibbutzim College. Her work deals with modern and contemporary art in Israel and around the world. Her research focuses on issues of visual culture, analyzing its interrelations with race, class, gender, sexuality and nationality, while using feminist theories and transnationalism. Her recent research revolves around case studies of women immigrants from the Former Soviet Union, Ethiopia and the Philippines in Israel.

Association for Women's Art and Gender Research in Israel
The Association for Women's Art and Gender Research in Israel is a non-profit organization that works to research women and gender in Israeli art, and to provide support for women artists, curators, researchers and cultural organizers.
Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyūshū
Yahatanishi-ku (八幡西区) is a ward of Kitakyūshū, Fukuoka, Japan. It covers 83.04 square kilometres, and had a population of 260,318 in January, 2005.  The ward contains JR Kurosaki Station, and JR Orio Station on the Kagoshima Main Line, with several schools and universities nearby. It is chiefly a residential area, bounded by the Onga river in the West.

In the south of the ward by the Onga river is Koyanose-juku, a former post town on the Nagasaki Kaidō which has recently become a tourist area.

Nagasaki Kaidō
The Nagasaki Kaidō (長崎街道) was a road across Kyūshū from Kokura to Nagasaki, used by daimyō for the sankin-kōtai, and also by the chief of the Dutch trading post at Nagasaki on whom a similar obligation of visiting the shōgun was imposed. The route stretched 228 km and took travelers approximately one week.
Kokemäki
Kokemäki (Finnish: [ˈkokeˌmæki]; Swedish: Kumo) is a town and municipality in the Satakunta Region of Finland. The town has a population of 6,662 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 531.27 square kilometres (205.12 sq mi) of which 50.04 km2 (19.32 sq mi) is water. The population density is 13.87 inhabitants per square kilometre (35.9/sq mi).

Finland is constitutionally bi-lingual with a Swedish speaking minority. The municipality is unilingual with the vast majority of the population speaking Finnish. Many, mostly younger, residents are able to understand or speak some English.

The American battery company Æsir Technologies Inc. has announced that it will establish a nickel hydroxide plant producing material for nickel-zinc batteries in the village of Peipohja of Kokemäki.

The Kokemäki coat of arms depicts the bishop's mitre.

Satakunta
Satakunta (in both Finnish and Swedish, Finnish pronunciation: [ˈs̠ɑt̪ɑˌkun̪t̪ɑ]; historically Satacundia or Satagundia) is a region (maakunta / landskap) of Finland, part of the former Western Finland Province. It borders the regions of Southwest Finland, Pirkanmaa, South Ostrobothnia and Ostrobothnia. The capital city of the region is Pori. The name of the region literally means hundred. The historical province of the same name was a larger area within Finland, covering modern Satakunta as well as much of Pirkanmaa.