hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vent for surplus
Vent for surplus is a theory that was formulated by Adam Smith and later revised by Hla Myint on his thesis of South East Asia. The theory states that when a country produces more than it can consume, it produces a surplus. This underutilization causes an inward movement on the production possibilities frontier. Trade with another country is then used to vent off this surplus and to bring the production possibilities in the frontier back to full capacity.

Concerning the classical formulation of the theory (by Adam Smith), John Stuart Mill, in his ‘’Principles of Political Economy’’ says, that the “vent for surplus” approach is “in truth a surviving relic of the Mercantile Theory, according to which, money being the only wealth, selling, or in other words, exchanging goods for money, was (to countries without mines of their own) the only way of growing rich — and importation of goods, that is to say, parting with money, was so much subtracted from the benefit.”

Hla Myint
Hla Myint (Burmese: လှမြင့် [l̥a̰ mjɪ̰ɰ̃]; 1920 – 9 March 2017) was a Burmese economist noted as one of the pioneers of development economics as well as for his contributions to welfare economics. He stressed, long before it became popular, the importance of export-orientation as the most useful "engine of growth".
Johan Frans Podolyn
Johan Frans Podolyn or Johann Franz Podolyn (Lisbon 29 May 1739 - Gothenburg 29 May 1784) was a Swedish numismatist who published on Punic currency in his possession which had been found on the island of Corvo in the Azores. He wrote about the discovery in 1778 in a Swedish academic publication now known as the Publications of the Royal Society of Sciences and Letters in Gothenburg, presumably indicating that he was a member of the society.

Podolyn was the son of a Swedish merchant and Vice-Consul. He had a gift for languages and worked for the Alströmer family, accompanying them on voyages in addition to working as a bookkeeper in Gothenburg and Alingsås. He amassed a considerable coin collection. He was married to Anna Norberg; he had been engaged to marry Jeanette Ölander, but she died before the marriage could take place.

Carthaginian coins of Corvo
The Cyrenaic and Carthaginian coins of Corvo are a hoard of coins dating to approximately 200 BCE that were supposedly left in the Azores by Carthaginians and discovered in 1749 on the island of Corvo, the smallest and most remote island of the Azores.
Walang Tulugan with the Master Showman
Walang Tulugan with the Master Showman (transl. no sleeping with the master showman; formerly known as Master Showman Presents) is a Philippine television variety show broadcast by GMA Network. Originally hosted by German Moreno, along with John Nite, Shermaine Santiago, Jackie Lou Blanco and Shirley Fuentes, it premiered on February 8, 1997, on the network's Saturday evening line up. The show concluded on February 13, 2016, with a total of 977 episodes.

Known for its tagline "Walang Tulugan!", it is the longest running late night variety television show in the Philippines.

Shermaine Santiago
Shermaine Santiago (born February 16, 1980, in Manila, Philippines) is a Filipino actress, TV show host, and singer. She appeared in a lot of hit TV shows from GMA Network such as Best Friends, Beh Bote Nga, Te Amo, Maging Sino Ka Man, Mulawin, Impostora, MariMar, Paroa: Ang Kuwento ni Mariposa, Anna KareNina and Carmela. She was also a co-host in the longest-running late-night variety TV show in the Philippines, Walang Tulugan with the Master Showman in which she showcase her talent in singing and hosting. Along with German Moreno and John Nite, she was one of the longest-serving hosts of the show. Santiago is also currently appearing in the hit TV show, Kapag Nahati ang Puso.
Aladin (film)
Aladin is a 2009 Indian Hindi-language fantasy action comedy film directed by Sujoy Ghosh. The film stars Amitabh Bachchan, Sanjay Dutt, Riteish Deshmukh (as the title character) and Jacqueline Fernandez (in her film debut). The film was an adaptation of the Marathi play Pati Sagle Uchapati which itself is based on Right Bed, Wrong Husband written by Neil Schaffner and Caroline Shaffner.

Sahil Khan
Sahil Khan (born 5 November 1976) an Indian actor, fitness entrepreneur, and YouTuber, known for his role in Hindi-language films Style and Xcuse Me.

In April 2024, he was arrested by the Mumbai cyber cell's Special Investigation Team for his involvement in the  ₹15,000 crore (US$1.8 billion) Mahadev Betting App Case.
Tracy Panton
Tracy Taegar Panton is a Belizean politician. A member of the United Democratic Party, she has represented the Albert constituency in the Belize House of Representatives since 2015.

Her father, Dr Leroy Taegar, was a council candidate for the PUP in 1977. Before running for parliament Panton had a career in the tourism industry in Belize. She spent 12 years as the director of the Belize Tourism Board before leaving in 2009. In 2012 she was appointed chief executive of the Ministry of Tourism and Culture, a post she held until being selected for the Albert seat in 2015.

In 2022 Panton ran for the leadership of the UDP, and lost against Shyne Barrow.

The 2025 election had two sets of UDP candidates, some around leader Barrow, and others around Panton. Panton's faction defeated Barrow in his Mesopotamia seat, making Panton the new leader of the opposition.
On Friday 14 March 2025 she officially became the leader of the opposition, the first female politician to hold that position.

House of Representatives (Belize)
The House of Representatives of Belize is the lower chamber of the National Assembly, the other being the Senate. It was created under the 1981 constitution. Members are commonly called "Area Representatives".

Area Representatives are elected by winning a majority of votes in their respective constituencies under the first-past-the-post system. The body is directly descended from the British Honduras Legislative Assembly created in 1954 with nine elected members. It has been expanded several times since: to 18 in 1961, 28 in 1984, 29 in 1993 and finally to 31 in 2008. The leader of the majority party in the Belize House typically becomes Prime Minister of Belize.
Cryptocrystalline
Cryptocrystalline is a rock texture made up of such minute crystals that its crystalline nature is only vaguely revealed even microscopically in thin section by transmitted polarized light.  Among the sedimentary rocks, chert and flint are cryptocrystalline. Carbonado, a form of diamond, is also cryptocrystalline. Volcanic rocks, especially of the felsic type such as felsites and rhyolites, may have a cryptocrystalline groundmass as distinguished from pure obsidian (felsic) or tachylyte (mafic), which are natural rock glasses. Agate and onyx are examples of cryptocrystalline silica (chalcedony). The quartz crystals in chalcedony are so tiny that they cannot be distinguished with the naked eye.

Onyx
Onyx is a typically black-and-white banded variety of agate, a silicate mineral. The bands can also be monochromatic with alternating light and dark bands. Sardonyx is a variety with red to brown bands alternated with black or white bands. The name "onyx" is also frequently used for level-banded (parallel-banded) agates, but in proper usage it refers to color pattern not band structure. Onyx, as a descriptive term, has also been incorrectly applied to parallel-banded varieties of alabaster, marble, calcite, obsidian, and opal, and misleadingly to materials with contorted banding, such as "cave onyx" and "Mexican onyx".
Fred and Red's
Fred and Red's is a historic greasy spoon diner in Joplin, Missouri. The restaurant was started in 1923 and moved to its current location in 1943. The original arrangement and features have remained relatively unchanged through two generations of family ownership. The diner had been for sale for several years, but with no suitable offer, it closed on March 16, 2012, and the owner (Larry Wilcoxson) retired.  Wilcoxson died in 2016, and the business was purchased from his heirs by David Schaefer, with plans to reopen the business in October 2016, but modernizing the building to get it current to department of health codes delayed the reopening until November 23, 2016.

Joplin, Missouri
Joplin is a city in Jasper and Newton counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. Most of the city lies in Jasper County, with the southern portion extending into Newton County. With a population of 51,762 at the 2020 census, Joplin is the 12th most-populous city in the state. The city covers an area of 38.21 square miles (99.0 km2) on the outer edge of the Ozark Mountains in southwestern Missouri. Joplin is the principal city of the three-county Joplin metropolitan area, which is home to 210,077 people and is the fifth-largest metropolitan area in Missouri. In May 2011, a violent EF5 tornado killed more than 150 people and destroyed one-third of the city.
Nelidovsky District
Nelidovsky District  (Russian: Нели́довский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-six in Tver Oblast, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the oblast and borders with Andreapolsky District in the north, Selizharovsky District in the northeast, Oleninsky District in the east, Belsky District in the south, Zharkovsky District in the southwest, and with Zapadnodvinsky District in the west. The area of the district is 2,632 square kilometers (1,016 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Nelidovo. Population: 30,731 (2010 Census);  9,144 (2002 Census); 11,829 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Nelidovo accounts for 74.5% of the district's total population.

Administrative divisions of Tver Oblast
Administratively, Tver Oblast is divided into two urban-type settlements under the federal government management, five cities and towns of oblast significance, and thirty-six districts.

In terms of the population, the biggest administrative district is Konakovsky District (87,125 in 2010), the smallest one is Molokovsky District (5,235) and Lesnoy District (5,252).

In terms of the area, the biggest administrative district is Kalininsky District (4,245 square kilometres (1,639 mi2)),  the smallest ones are Kesovogorsky District (962 square kilometres (371 mi2)) and Sonkovsky District (970 square kilometres (370 mi2)).
WCUR
WCUR (91.7 FM, "The Curve") is the student radio station at West Chester University (WCU) in West Chester, Pennsylvania, United States. It serves a limited area around the campus and airs a freeform format, with students producing and airing their own shows.

West Chester, Pennsylvania
West Chester is a borough and the county seat of Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. Located in the Philadelphia metropolitan area, the borough had a population of 18,671 at the 2020 census. West Chester is the mailing address for most of its neighboring townships.

Much of the West Chester University North Campus and the Chester County government are located within the borough. The center of town is located at the intersection of Market and High Streets.
London Chamber Players
The London Chamber Players is a London-based classical music ensemble founded by Bulgarian-born pianist Ivan Yanakov in 2011. The orchestra has performed to critical acclaim in Madrid, Cadogan Hall in London, the Guiting Festival in the Cotswolds, and regularly in London.

Ivan Yanakov (pianist)
Ivan Yanakov (Иван Янъков in Bulgarian) is a Bulgarian-born pianist and conductor. He has performed on four continents, with a repertoire ranging from the Baroque era to contemporary.

Ivan Yanakov is a classical pianist and conductor. He has performed in over 30 countries in Europe, Australia, Asia and North America. As a recitalist, chamber musician, and orchestra soloist, he has appeared in venues that include the Carnegie Hall Recital Hall in New York, Cadogan Hall in London, Sydney Town Hall, Tokyo Metropolitan Theatre Concert Hall, Sapporo Concert Hall, Okinawa Convention Center, Hong Kong City Hall, National Theater and Concert Hall, Taipei, Shanghai Oriental Art Center, and others. He is a frequent guest of international music festivals.
No Statements
"No Statements" is a song by American rapper ScarLip, released on September 15, 2023, alongside a music video. Produced by Pluto Spazzin, it is her first song to chart, debuting at number 40 and peaking at number 23 on the Billboard Mainstream R&B/Hip-Hop Airplay chart.

ScarLip
Sierra Lucas (born December 12, 2000), known professionally as ScarLip (also known as Scar Lip), is an American rapper. Her 2022 single "Glizzy Gobbler" went viral on TikTok and she signed a distribution deal with Epic Records the following year after releasing her breakout single "This is New York".
Believe Me: The Abduction of Lisa McVey
Believe Me: The Abduction of Lisa McVey is a 2018 American true crime film, filmed in Canada, directed by Jim Donovan. The film was released on September 30, 2018, by Lifetime in United States  and by Showcase in Canada. On June 4, 2021, it was released worldwide by Netflix. The film stars Katie Douglas, Rossif Sutherland, and David James Elliott. The film recounts the true story of Lisa McVey, who was abducted and raped for 26 hours by serial killer Bobby Joe Long in 1984.

In addition to its television broadcast, the film also received a special theatrical screening in Tampa, at the very same theater where Bobby Joe Long was arrested in 1984. The screening of this movie was attended by the real Lisa McVey Noland.

Rossif Sutherland
Rossif Racette-Sutherland (/rɒsɪf/; born September 25, 1978) is a Canadian actor, son of actor Donald Sutherland, brother of actors Angus Sutherland and Roeg Sutherland, and half-brother of actor Kiefer Sutherland and his twin sister Rachel. He has appeared in various projects including TV series like ER and Crossing Lines and films such as Poor Boy's Game and River. By fall 2024, Sutherland had starred in the Canadian-produced drama Murder in a Small Town based on the "Alberg and Cassandra Mysteries" crime fiction series by L. R. Wright. Sutherland has been also part of films such as Hyena Road, and Guest of Honour and TV series such as King, Reign, and Copper.
Vytautas the Great
Vytautas the Great (/vɪˈtaʊtəs/; c. 1350 – 27 October 1430) was a ruler of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, first as regent for his cousin Jogaila (1392–1401) and then as the Grand Duke alongside him (1401–1430). He was also the prince of Grodno (1370–1382) and the prince of Lutsk (1387–1389), as well claimant to the titles of King of the Hussites and King of Lithuania.

In modern Lithuania, Vytautas is revered as a national hero and was an important figure in the national rebirth in the 19th century. Vytautas is a popular male given name in Lithuania. In commemoration of the 500-year anniversary of his death, Vytautas Magnus University was named after him. Monuments in his honour were built in many towns in independent Lithuania during the interwar period from 1918 to 1939. Vytautas knew and spoke the Lithuanian language with his cousin Jogaila.

Lutsk
Lutsk (Ukrainian: Луцьк, IPA: [lutsʲk] ⓘ; see below for other names) is a city on the Styr River in northwestern Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Volyn Oblast and the administrative center of Lutsk Raion within the oblast. Lutsk has a population of 220,986 (2022 estimate).

A city with almost a thousand years of history, recorded in 1085, Lutsk historically served as an administrative, cultural and religious center in Volhynia. The city contains several landmarks in various styles, including Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical, the most known being the medieval Lubart's Castle.
RAF Gaydon
Royal Air Force Gaydon or more simply RAF Gaydon is a former Royal Air Force station located 5.2 miles (8.4 km) east of Wellesbourne, Warwickshire and 10.8 miles (17.4 km) north west of Banbury, Oxfordshire, England.

RAF Gaydon opened in 1942 and is known for its role during the Cold War, when it was under the control of RAF Bomber Command as it was the first Royal Air Force (RAF) station to receive the Vickers Valiant when No. 138 Squadron RAF re-formed here in 1955.

In 1978, the site passed into civilian ownership and today contains the British Motor Museum, the headquarters of automobile manufacturer Aston Martin, and the Jaguar Land Rover Gaydon Centre.

Jaguar Land Rover Gaydon Centre
The Jaguar Land Rover Gaydon Centre, which is situated north-west of the village of Gaydon, Warwickshire, England, is one of the principal engineering centres of Jaguar Land Rover and the location of the headquarters of Land Rover.  The site houses a design, research and development centre and extensive test track facilities and is used for the design and development of Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles.  The site, along with the smaller Aston Martin facility adjacent, occupies the land that was once the RAF V bomber base of RAF Gaydon.  The British Motor Museum is also located on the same site.
Danny Green (actor)
Danny Green (26 May 1903 – 1973) was an English actor. He was best known for his role as the slow-witted ex-boxer "One-Round" Lawson in The Ladykillers.

He worked regularly in film, television and on the stage, including playing comic gangsters in the original London productions of Guys and Dolls (1953) and Do Re Mi (1961).

One of his last roles was as Lord Surrey in the Randal and Hopkirk episode Just for the Record in 1969.

Just for the Record (Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased))
"Just for the record" is the sixth episode of the 1969 ITC British television series Randall and Hopkirk (Deceased) starring Mike Pratt, Kenneth Cope and Annette Andre. The episode was first broadcast on 25 October 1969 on ITV. Directed by Jeremy Summers.
The Measure of Our Days
The Measure of Our Days: A Spiritual Exploration of Illness (alternately New Beginnings at Life's End) is a book of case studies of patients by Jerome Groopman, published by Penguin Books in October 1997.  It was later serialized in The New Yorker and in The Boston Globe Sunday Magazine.  In 2000, it became the inspiration for the TV show Gideon's Crossing, which was nominated for a Golden Globe.

Jerome Groopman
Jerome E. Groopman is an American physician and medical writer. He has been a staff writer in medicine and biology for The New Yorker since 1998.

He is the Dina and Raphael Recanati Chair of Medicine at Harvard Medical School, Chief of Experimental Medicine at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, and author of five books, all written for a general audience.

He has published some 150 scientific articles and has written several op-ed pieces on medicine for The New York Times, The Washington Post, and The New Republic.
See You on the Other Side (Korn album)
See You on the Other Side is the seventh studio album by American nu metal band Korn. It was released on December 6, 2005, by Virgin Records. It is their first album as a quartet after the departure of founding guitarist Brian "Head" Welch and the last album with original drummer David Silveria before he departed from the band in December 2006. The album was first certified gold in the United States on January 12, 2006; a subsequent platinum record certification was awarded on March 16, 2006. In the album, Korn experimented with different musical styles and even collaborated with pop music producers The Matrix.

Critical reaction of the album was generally positive. However, criticisms of the album focused on the musical production by The Matrix and songwriting.

David Silveria
David Randall Silveria (born September 21, 1972) is an American musician, best known as the original drummer for nu metal band Korn from 1993 until leaving the band in 2006. He then became the drummer for Infinika, which was formed in 2012 and disbanded in 2015.
Brian Watson
Brian Watson (born October 28, 1971) is an American real-estate businessman, author, and politician. He has been a commercial real estate owner and is the founder and CEO of Northstar Commercial Partners. Watson won the 2018 Republican primary for Colorado State Treasurer, beating two other candidates, but lost to Democrat Dave Young in the general election.

Dave Young (Colorado politician)
David L. Young is an American politician and the current Treasurer of Colorado. He served as a Democratic member of the Colorado House of Representatives, representing District 50 from the time of his appointment on July 28, 2011 to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Jim Riesberg until his term ended and he took office as State Treasurer in early 2019. He won a second term as state treasurer in 2022.
Gavar
40°21′32″N 45°07′36″E﻿ / ﻿40.35889°N 45.12667°E﻿ / 40.35889; 45.12667

Gavar (Armenian: Գավառ [ɡɑˈvɑr]) is a town in Armenia  serving as the administrative centre of the Gavar Municipality and the Gegharkunik Province. It is situated among the high mountains of Gegham range to the west of Lake Sevan, with an average height of 1982 meters above sea level. Located 98 kilometers east of the capital Yerevan, the town had a population of 20,765 as per the 2011 census. As per the 2022 census, the population of Gavar is 17,741.

Gavar is the seat of the Diocese of Gegharkounik of the Armenian Apostolic Church.

Diocese of Gegharkounik
Diocese  of Gegharkounik (Armenian: Գեղարքունիքի թեմ Gegharkuniki t'em), is a diocese of the Armenian Apostolic Church covering the Gegharkunik Province of Armenia. The name is derived from the historic Gegharkunik canton of Syunik (historic province) province of ancient Greater Armenia.

The Diocese of Gegharkounik was officially founded on 30 May 1996, upon a kontakion issued by Catholicos Karekin I. The diocesan headquarters are located in the provincial capital Gavar, with the seat being the Holy Mother of God Cathedral of the town.
Crooked Drunken Sons
Crooked Drunken Sons is an EP by the Street Dogs. It was released on 7" and as a digital download on Record Store Day, April 20, 2013, by Pirates Press Records. The title song is named after an annual tour the band has been doing. The songs were recorded in November 2012 at bassist Johnny Rioux's compound in Texas. The songs were originally meant to be demos for their next album, but the band liked them enough to release them as-is. One of the B-sides, "I Got Drunk", is an Uncle Tupelo cover.

Street Dogs
Street Dogs is an American punk rock band from Boston, Massachusetts, formed in 2002 by former Dropkick Murphys singer Mike McColgan. The band disbanded in early 2020 after 17 years together but reunited again in 2024.
Three Tales (Flaubert)
Three Tales (French: Trois contes)  is a work by Gustave Flaubert that was originally published in French in 1877. It consists of the short stories "A Simple Heart", "Saint Julian the Hospitalier", and "Hérodias".

Rouen Cathedral
Rouen Cathedral (French: Cathédrale primatiale Notre-Dame de l'Assomption de Rouen) is a Catholic church in Rouen, Normandy, France. It is the see of the Archbishop of Rouen, Primate of Normandy. It is famous for its three towers, each in a different style. The cathedral, built and rebuilt over a period of more than eight hundred years, has features from Early Gothic to late Flamboyant and Renaissance architecture. It also has a place in art history as the subject of a series of impressionist paintings by Claude Monet, and in architecture history as from 1876 to 1880, it was the tallest building in the world.
Cheap Trick Kinda' Girl
"Cheap Trick Kinda' Girl" is the fourth single from Danish dance/house duo Infernal.  Released from their most successful album to date, From Paris to Berlin, in Australia, it was released as the second single and contained "From Paris to Berlin" as a double A-Side.

From Paris to Berlin (album)
From Paris to Berlin is the third studio album by Danish dance-pop duo Infernal. It was released on 23 August 2004 through Border Breakers in Denmark. An international edition of the album was also released on 6 September 2005 for the European countries. It was released in the United Kingdom and Ireland on 28 May 2007 following the success of the single "From Paris to Berlin", which reached number two on the UK Singles Chart in May 2006.

The album has been certified two times platinum by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) for shipments of 60,000 units in Denmark.