hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lear, Inc. v. Adkins
Lear, Inc. v. Adkins, 395 U.S. 653 (1969), is a decision of the U.S. Supreme Court overturning the doctrine of licensee estoppel and holding that public interest considerations require that licensees be free to challenge the validity of possibly spurious patents under which they are licensed. This entailed the overruling of Automatic Radio Mfg. Co. v. Hazeltine Research, Inc. and prior cases that it had reaffirmed.

Licensee estoppel
Licensee estoppel is a doctrine under which a licensee of an intellectual property right, generally a patent or a trademark, is estopped from challenging the validity of the licensed property. The basis for the doctrine is the premise that a licensee should not be able to enjoy the benefit of an agreement and at the same time attack the validity of the intellectual property that forms the basis of the agreement.
Acaponeta River
The Acaponeta River originates in the State of Durango, Mexico and drains into the Pacific Ocean.

The river basin covers 5,399.68 square kilometres (2,084.83 sq mi). From its beginning in Durango to where it crosses into Nayarit, the river is called Quebrada de San Bartolo; farther downstream it's referred to as the Acaponeta.

Crossing the municipalities of Pueblo Nuevo, Durango; and Huajicori and Acaponeta, in Nayarit; it passes by the regions of Mineral de Cucharas, Quiviquinta, Huajicori, Acaponeta, San Felipe Aztatán, Tecuala,   Milpas Viejas, El Filo and Quimichis; with its mouth in Estero de Teacapán, in a place called Puerta del Río (River's gate).

The river has a total length of 233 kilometres (145 mi) until Barra del Novillero; in the last 40 kilometres (25 mi), given its gentle slope, it is navagable by canoe, even in the dry seasons.

Milpas Viejas
Milpas Viejas is a small town in the municipality of Tecuala, Nayarit, Mexico.

It is bordered by the Acaponeta River and is just 2 miles south west of Tecuala. The population according to 2000 Census is 1554 people.
500 Ladies Classic
The 500 Ladies Classic was a women's professional golf tournament on the LPGA Tour, played only in 1968.  It was held at the Speedway Golf Course at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway in Indianapolis, Indiana. Mickey Wright won the event at 212 (−4), three strokes ahead of runner-up Kathy Whitworth; it was her 80th tour win.

Mickey Wright
Mary Kathryn "Mickey" Wright (February 14, 1935 – February 17, 2020) was an American professional golfer who played on the LPGA Tour. She became a member of the tour in 1955 and won 82 LPGA Tour career events including 13 major championships. She is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame.
Ruled Britannia
Ruled Britannia is an alternate history novel by Harry Turtledove, first published in hardcover by New American Library in 2002.

The book is set in the years 1597–1598, in an alternate universe where the Spanish Armada is successful in 1588. The Kingdom of England has been conquered and returned to the fold of the Roman Catholic Church under the rule of Queen Isabella, daughter of Philip II of Spain. Queen Elizabeth is deposed and is imprisoned within the Tower of London as her fellow Protestants are burned as heretics by the English Inquisition.

The story is seen from the point of view of two famous playwrights: English poet William Shakespeare, and Spanish poet Lope de Vega; supporting characters include contemporaries Christopher Marlowe, Richard Burbage, and Will Kempe.

William Kempe
William Kempe (c. 1560 – c. 1603), commonly referred to as Will Kemp, was an English actor and dancer who specialised in comic roles. He was best known as one of the original stage actors in early dramas by William Shakespeare, and roles associated with his name may have included the comic creation Falstaff. His contemporaries considered him to be a successor to the great clown of the previous generation, Richard Tarlton.

Kempe's success and influence was such that in December 1598 he was one of a core of five actor-shareholders in the Lord Chamberlain's Men, alongside Shakespeare and Richard Burbage. He left the company shortly afterwards, and despite his fame as a performer and his intention to continue his career, he appears to have died unregarded and in poverty circa 1603.
Allido Records
Allido Records is a record label and production company co-founded by British DJ Mark Ronson and his manager, media executive Rich Kleiman in 2004 as an imprint of J Records, a division of Sony BMG. The label's name is derived from Stevie Wonder's 1980 song "All I Do".

Rapper Saigon was the first artist to sign with the label, but left in favor of Just Blaze's Fort Knox Entertainment. In conjunction with Clive Davis' J Records, Allido signed Chicago-based rapper Rhymefest, who is best known for having co-written Kanye West's 2004 single "Jesus Walks". He released his debut album, Blue Collar for the label in July 2006. In 2007, Ronson and Kleiman signed Washington, D.C.–based rapper Wale to a contract which entered a joint venture with Interscope Records in April of the following year. In 2008, the label signed Australian-born soul singer Daniel Merriweather.

The label was distributed by J Records until its dissolution in 2011, after which Allido became an independent label.

Rich Kleiman
Rich Kleiman (born November 27, 1976) is an American entrepreneur. He is best known as Kevin Durant’s longtime agent and business partner. Kleiman and Durant founded the sports business media network Boardroom and 35V (Thirty Five Ventures), Durant's family office and personal deals business. Forbes has called Kleiman a visionary with an "established track records in starting companies, investing in emerging brands and in disrupting existing markets."
Periander (play)
Periander is a 1731 tragedy by the British writer John Tracy. It is based on the life of Periander, the Ancient Greek ruler of Corinth.

The original cast included James Quin as Periander, Lacy Ryan as Procles, William Milward as Aristides, Thomas Chapman as Alcander, Thomas Walker as Hypsenor and John Ogden as Lycon.

William Milward
William Milward (1702–1742) was a British stage actor.

He began his career with John Rich's company at the Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre and also appeared at the Haymarket. From 1734 he became part of the company at Drury Lane where he remained for the rest of his career.
Evangelical Friends Church International
Evangelical Friends Church International (EFCI) is a branch of the Society of Friends (Quaker) yearly meetings (regional associations) located around the world. The EFCI is generally more conservative in their orientation than other Quaker meetings and has many similarities to other denominations of Evangelicalism. The original EFCI, known as the Association of Evangelical Friends, was formed in 1947. The EFCI adopted its current name in 2004 and is a member of the National Association of Evangelicals and the World Evangelical Alliance. The EFCI is not a member of the interdenominational Friends World Committee for Consultation. After the switching of around 7,000 Friends from the Friends United Meeting in California to the EFCI, Evangelical Friends became the largest branch of Friends in the United States.

Yearly Meeting
Yearly Meeting is an organization composed of constituent meetings or churches of the Religious Society of Friends, or Quakers, within a geographical area. The constituent meetings are called Monthly Meetings in most of the world; in England, local congregations are now called Area Meetings, in Australia Monthly Meetings are called Regional Meetings. "Monthly" and "Yearly" refer to how often the body meets to make decisions. Monthly Meetings may be local congregations that hold regular Meetings for Worship, or may comprise a number of Worship Groups (and equivalent congregations with other designations). Depending on the Yearly Meeting organization, there may also be Quarterly Meetings, Half-Yearly Meetings, or Regional Meetings, where a number of local Monthly Meetings come together within a Yearly Meeting.

There are also parallel Yearly Meetings for young Quakers, Junior Yearly Meetings.
Mohak Hospital
Mohak Hospital (also known as Mohak Hi‑Tech Speciality Hospital) is a multi‑specialty and bariatric surgery centre located within the Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences (SAIMS) campus in Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. The hospital is noted for its use of robotic techniques in bariatric surgery and its integration with medical education infrastructure.

Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences
The Sri Aurobindo Institute of Medical Sciences (SAIMS) is a private medical college located in Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India. Its medical college component, Sri Aurobindo Medical College and Post Graduate Institute (SAMC & PGI), provides undergraduate (MBBS) and postgraduate (MD/MS/DM/MCh) medical education and is attached to a multi-speciality teaching hospital complex on the same campus. Regulatory documents list the college in the NMC seat matrix for undergraduate and postgraduate courses.
Tatsuya Yoshida
Tatsuya Yoshida (吉田達也, Yoshida Tatsuya) (born 9 January 1961) is a Japanese musician, drummer and composer who is the only consistent member of the renowned progressive rock duo Ruins, as well as of Koenji Hyakkei. He is also a member of the progressive rock trios Korekyojinn and Daimonji. Outside his own groups, Yoshida is renowned for his tenure as drummer in the indie progressive group YBO2, a band also featuring guitarist KK Null, whom he also joins in the current line-up of Zeni Geva and he has played drums in a late edition of Samla Mammas Manna. Since 2001, he and bass guitarist Takeharu Hayakawa have worked with jazz pianist Satoko Fujii and trumpeter Natsuki Tamura in the Satoko Fujii Quartet. He has been cited as "[the] indisputable master drummer of the Japanese underground".

Along with his participation in bands, he has also released several solo recordings.

Korekyojinn
Korekyojinn (是巨人) (also spelled Korekyojin) is a Japanese progressive rock power trio. Founded in 1998, the band is a project by members of several bands within the Japanese progressive rock/zeuhl scene and has released albums on two US labels, John Zorn's Tzadik Records and Skin Graft Records as well as on the Japanese label Magaibutsu. In Japanese, the band's name means "this giant" and is a pun on the band names This Heat and Gentle Giant.
Arun Majumdar
Arunava Majumdar is a materials scientist, engineer, and the inaugural dean of the Stanford Doerr School of Sustainability. He was nominated for the position of Under Secretary of Energy in the United States between November 30, 2011, and May 15, 2012.

Majumdar was previously the director of the Environmental Energy Technologies Division at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), where he was also deputy director of LBNL as well as professor of mechanical engineering at the University of California, Berkeley.

Majumdar was nominated to be the first director of the U.S. Department of Energy's Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) and appointed to that position in September 2009.

ARPA-E
ARPA-E, or Advanced Research Projects Agency–Energy is an agency within the United States Department of Energy tasked with funding the research and development of advanced energy technologies. The goal of the agency is to improve U.S. economic prosperity, national security, and environmental well being. ARPA-E typically funds short-term research projects with the potential for a transformative impact. It is inspired by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).

The program directors at ARPA-E serve limited terms, in an effort to reduce bureaucracy and bias. Since September 2025, the director is Conner Prochaska.
Ajayapala (Chaulukya dynasty)
Ajayapala (reigned c. 1171–1175) was an Indian king from the Chaulukya (Solanki) dynasty of Gujarat. He ruled the present-day Gujarat and surrounding areas for a short period, from his capital Anahilapataka (modern Patan).

Someshvara (13th-century poet)
Someshvara (IAST: Someśvara) was a 13th-century hereditary priest and Sanskrit poet in the Chaulukya and Vaghela courts of present-day Gujarat, India. He was a close friend of the minister Vastupala, and there are several legendary prabandha anecdotes about the two men.
South African type TJ tender
The South African type TJ tender was a steam locomotive tender from the pre-Union era in the Natal Colony.

The Type TJ tender first entered service in 1909, as tenders to the first five Class B 4-8-2 Mountain type steam locomotives which were acquired by the Natal Government Railways in that year. These locomotives were designated Class 3 on the South African Railways in 1912.

South African Class 2C 4-6-2
The South African Railways Class 2C 4-6-2 of 1910 was a steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Colony of Natal.

In 1910, the Natal Government Railways placed two Class A steam locomotives with a 4-6-2 Pacific wheel arrangement in service, built in their Durban workshops. In 1912, when these locomotives were assimilated into the South African Railways, they were renumbered and designated Class 2C. The 2A and 2B classifications were never used.

The Class 2C was the second locomotive type to be designed and built in South Africa, after the Natal Government Railways 4-6-2TT Havelock of 1888.
Wazo of Liège
Wazo of Liège (c. 985 – 1048) was bishop of Liège from 1041 to 1048, and a significant educator and theologian. His life was chronicled by his contemporary Anselm of Liège.

During this period Liège became known as an educational center. Wazo, who had himself studied under Heriger of Lobbes, served as scholaster under Notker of Liège before succeeding Notker as bishop.

He is noted also for his nuanced approach to cases of heresy (not common in his day).   In a letter he wrote to Roger, Bishop of Châlons, he quoted the New Testament Parable of the Tares and argued  "the church should let dissent grow with orthodoxy until the Lord comes to separate and judge them".

He was involved in the period 1021–5 in a controversy with John, canon and provost in Liège; Durandus of Liège, then bishop, had Wazo leave for a time. His election as bishop in 1041 was strongly contested, with Emperor Henry III against him.

Heriger of Lobbes
Herigerus (c. 925 – 31 October 1007) was a Benedictine monk, often known as Heriger of Lobbes for serving as abbot of the abbey of Lobbes between 990 and 1007. Remembered for his writings as theologian and historian, Herigerus was a teacher to numerous scholars. His biography describes him as "skilled in the art of music", though no music theory treatise survives and neither do the two antiphons and one hymn attributed to him.
KPQX
KPQX (92.5 FM) is a radio station licensed to serve Havre, Montana.  The station is owned by New Media Broadcasters Inc. It airs a country music format. The broadcast studios are located north of town, at 2210 31st Street North. This facility is shared with its sister stations. The transmitter site is south of Harve, near Baldy Mountain.

KPQX was the first FM radio station in Montana to broadcast pure digital HD Radio in the summer 2005. The HD2 subchannel broadcasts a classic country format.

The station was assigned the KPQX call letters by the Federal Communications Commission. Notable former on-air personalities include Rick Rydell.

Rick Rydell
Rick Rydell (born Richard Green, September 29, 1963) is an American talk radio host, outdoorsman, writer and author. Rydell enjoyed a long career in radio, most prominently with various stations in the Northwest. His last job in radio was as the morning drive-time host on Anchorage station 650 KENI, until accepting a position in the Alaska Department of Fish and Game offered him by the governor in December 2018.
Alexander Hamilton Church
Alexander Hamilton Church (28 May 1866 – 11 February 1936) was an English efficiency engineer, accountant and writer on accountancy and management, known for his seminal work of management and cost accounting.

Engineering Magazine
Engineering Magazine was an American illustrated monthly magazine devoted to industrial progress, first published in 1891. The periodical was published under this title until October 1916. Sequentially from Nov. 1916 to 1927 it was published as Industrial Management.

Engineering Magazine was a popular journal about engineering, technology, and industry. It described the system of manufacturing which has come to be known as distinctively American. Several leading authors of the efficiency movement published the first versions of their seminal works in the Engineering Magazine.

With Frederick W. Taylor named the father of scientific management, the Engineering Magazine has been called "the mother of the entire management movement."
Salmin Amour
Salmin Amour (born 1942) is a Tanzanian politician who served as President of Zanzibar from 25 October 1990 to 8 November 2000. He was elected in 1990 as the sole candidate and received 98 percent of the votes. In Tanzania's first multi-party elections in 1995, Amour was accused of rigging the Zanzibari presidential election by opposition leader Seif Shariff Hamad.

1995 Tanzanian general election
General elections were held in Tanzania on 29 October. They were the first multi-party general elections after the lifting of the ban on political parties other than Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) in 1992. However, the results were declared null and void by the National Electoral Commission due to failures to provide ballots to many polling places. As a result, the elections were re-run on 29 November.

The CCM retained its control of the country, with its candidate Benjamin Mkapa winning the presidential election, and the party winning 186 of the 232 directly-elected seats in the National Assembly. Voter turnout was 77% of the 8,929,969 registered voters.
D'Artagnan and Three Musketeers
D'Artagnan and Three Musketeers (Russian: «Д'Артаньян и три мушкетёра», romanized: D'Artanyan i tri mushketyora) is a three-part swashbuckler musical miniseries produced in the Soviet Union and first aired in 1979. It is based on the 1844 novel The Three Musketeers by Alexandre Dumas, père.

The film stars Mikhail Boyarsky as D'Artagnan, Veniamin Smekhov as Athos, Igor Starygin as Aramis, Valentin Smirnitsky as Porthos, Margarita Terekhova as Milady de Winter, Oleg Tabakov as King Louis XIII, Alisa Freindlich as Anne of Austria, Aleksandr Trofimov as Cardinal Richelieu, and Lev Durov as Captain de Tréville. The film, and its numerous songs became extremely popular in the Soviet Union throughout the late 1970s and early 1980s, and is now considered a classic.

Three sequels were made: Musketeers Twenty Years After (1993),  The Secret of Queen Anne or Musketeers Thirty Years After (1994) and The Return of the Musketeers, or The Treasures of Cardinal Mazarin (2009).

Aleksandr Trofimov (actor)
Aleksandr Alekseevich Trofimov (Russian: Алекса́ндр Алексе́евич Трофи́мов, born 18 March 1952 in Moscow) is a Soviet and Russian actor of theater and cinema, Honored Artist of Russia (1992), People's Artist of Russia (2013), leading actor of the Moscow's Taganka Theatre.
Living Dolls
Living Dolls is an American television sitcom that aired on ABC from September 26 to December 30, 1989. It was a spin-off created by a writer from Who's the Boss? and featuring characters introduced during an episode of that show. The show was the acting debut of Halle Berry. Both Who's the Boss? and Living Dolls were productions of Columbia Pictures Television for ABC.

David Moscow
David Raphael Moscow (born November 14, 1974) is an American actor, producer and activist. He is best known for his role as young Josh Baskin in the 1988 film Big and as David Jacobs in the 1992 musical film Newsies.
Trouble (Ray LaMontagne song)
"Trouble" is the first track on the debut album of the same name by American folk singer Ray LaMontagne. The album was released by RCA on September 14, 2004. The single also appeared on LaMontagne's Live from Bonnaroo EP, released in 2005, as well as the 2007 compilation album, The Saturday Sessions: The Dermot O'Leary Show.

The single charted at number 25 on the UK Singles Chart in March 2005, staying on the chart for a ten-week run.

Live from Bonnaroo 2005 (EP)
Live from Bonnaroo 2005 is a live EP by Ray LaMontagne, released in December 2005. It contains five live versions of tracks from Lamontagne's debut album, Trouble, and one previously unreleased track. The EP is based on a small set that the singer played at the Bonnaroo Music Festival.
Ichirō Fujisaki
Ichiro Fujisaki (藤崎 一郎, Fujisaki Ichirō, born July 10, 1947) is a Japanese diplomat who was the Japanese Ambassador to the United States from 2008 to 2012.  He was previously the Japanese Ambassador to the United Nations and to the World Trade Organization.

Keio University
Keio University (Japanese: 慶應義塾大学, Hepburn: Keiō Gijuku Daigaku), abbreviated as Keio (慶應) or Keidai (慶大), is a private research university located in Minato, Tokyo, Japan. It was originally established as a school for Western studies in 1858 in Edo. It was granted university status in 1920, becoming one of the first private universities in the country.

Keio University is also one of the member universities of RU11 and APRU, and it is one of two Japanese universities (alongside the University of Tokyo) to be a member of the World Economic Forum's Global University Leaders Forum.
Radicalized (Doctorow book)
Radicalized is a collection of novellas written by Canadian-British-American author Cory Doctorow. The book was initially released on March 19, 2019, by Tor Books. Radicalized explores such issues as digital rights management, police brutality, radicalization in internet communities, and doomsday preppers. Doctorow has stated that the collection was inspired by "dealing with the stress and anxiety of being alive in the Trump era," and that the stories are not meant to be predictive, but rather allegorical.

Cory Doctorow
Cory Efram Doctorow (/ˈkɔːri ˈdɒktəroʊ/; born 17 July 1971) is a Canadian-British blogger, journalist, and science fiction author who served as co-editor of the blog Boing Boing. He is an activist in favour of liberalizing copyright laws and a proponent of the Creative Commons organization, using some of its licences for his books. Some common themes of his work include digital rights management, file sharing, and post-scarcity economics.
Stephen Lowe (bishop of Hulme)
Christianity portal

Stephen Richard Lowe (born 3 March 1944) was, until his retirement in July 2009, the suffragan Bishop of Hulme in the Anglican Diocese of Manchester, Link Bishop for Namibia and Chair of the Urban Bishops Panel. From 1988 to 1999 he had served as Archdeacon of Sheffield.

In 2006, he was released from all pastoral oversight in the diocese to concentrate on his 2006 appointment as the Church of England's first "Bishop for Urban Life and Faith", charged with the promotion and dissemination of conclusions of the Faithful Cities report.

Archdeacon of Sheffield and Rotherham
The Archdeacon of Sheffield and Rotherham is a senior ecclesiastical officer within the Diocese of Sheffield (Church of England), responsible for the disciplinary supervision of the clergy within the six area deaneries.
Sonneratiaceae
Sonneratiaceae were a family of flowering plants placed in the order Myrtales by the Cronquist system. They consisted of two genera, Sonneratia and Duabanga. These are now generally placed in their own monotypic subfamilies of the family Lythraceae, making Sonneratiaceae superfluous.

The family is named for French naturalist Pierre Sonnerat.

Sonneratia
Sonneratia is a genus of plants in the family Lythraceae.  Formerly the Sonneratia were placed in a family called Sonneratiaceae which included both the Sonneratia and the Duabanga, but these two are now placed in their own monotypic subfamilies of the family Lythraceae.  The genus was also named Blatti by James Edward Smith, but Sonneratia had botanical nomenclature priority. Sonneratia species are mangrove trees.