hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Defensor minor
The Defensor minor is a work by Marsilius of Padua written around 1342. The Defensor minor is a restatement and defense of Marsilius's best known work, the Defensor pacis.

The text discusses civil and ecclesiastical jurisdiction, the confession, penance, indulgences, the Crusades, pilgrimages, plenitudo potestatis, legislative power, the origin of the sovereignty, wedding, and divorce.

Marsilius of Padua
Marsilius of Padua (Italian: Marsilio da Padova; born Marsilio Mainardi, Marsilio de i Mainardini or Marsilio Mainardini; c. 1275 – c. 1342) was an Italian scholar, trained in medicine,  who practiced a variety of professions. He was also an important 14th-century political figure. His political treatise Defensor pacis (The Defender of Peace), an attempt to refute papal claims to a "plenitude of power" in affairs of both church and state, is seen by some scholars as the most revolutionary political treatise written in the later Middle Ages. It is one of the first examples of a trenchant critique of ultramontanism in Western Europe. Marsilius is sometimes seen as a forerunner of the Protestant reformation, because many of his beliefs were later adopted by John Calvin and Martin Luther.
WPAQ
WPAQ (740 kHz) is a commercial radio station licensed to Mount Airy, North Carolina, serving the Piedmont area of North Carolina, Southwest Virginia and Southside Virginia. WPAQ is owned and operated by WPAQ Radio, Inc.  It airs a mix of Americana, bluegrass, classic country and southern gospel music, along with some brokered Christian talk and teaching shows.  The transmitter and studios are on Springs Road at Mount View Drive in Mount Airy.

By day, WPAQ is powered at 10,000 watts non-directional.  As 740 AM is a clear channel frequency reserved for Class A station CFZM in Toronto, WPAQ must reduce power to 1,000 watts during critical hours and to 7 watts at night.  Programming is also heard on 250-watt FM translator W294CE at 106.7 MHz.

Mount Airy, North Carolina
Mount Airy (/ˈmaʊntəri/) is a city in Surry County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 United States census, the city's population was 10,676. As of 2020, the city is the most populous municipality in Surry County.  Mount Airy is located within the Piedmont Triad metropolitan region.
Siedliska, Gmina Koniusza
Siedliska [ɕɛdˈlʲiska] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Koniusza, within Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland.

It is located on route 776. Its name means 'habitat'.

Gmina Koniusza
Gmina Koniusza is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Proszowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, in southern Poland. Its seat is the village of Koniusza, which lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) west of Proszowice and 27 km (17 mi) north-east of the regional capital Kraków.

The gmina covers an area of 88.5 square kilometres (34.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 8,663.
Downtown Schenectady
Downtown Schenectady is the central business district for the city of Schenectady, New York. It originated in the 1820s with the moving of the commercial and industrial interests east from the original 17th and 18th century settlement, spurred on by the development of the Erie Canal. Home to the headquarters and major manufacturing plants of two large corporations, General Electric and American Locomotive Company, Downtown Schenectady catered to tens of thousands of workers in its heyday. Typical of the post-industrial Northeastern United States and Upstate New York in particular, Downtown Schenectady saw a decline in manufacturing and population starting in the 1970s. Recent construction and renovation has caused the downtown area to become an entertainment mecca for New York's Capital District anchored by Proctor's Theatre.

Union College
Union College is a private liberal arts college in Schenectady, New York, United States. Founded in 1795, it was the first institution of higher learning chartered by the New York State Board of Regents, and second in the state of New York, after Columbia College. In the 19th century, it became known as the "Mother of Fraternities", because three of the earliest Greek-letter fraternities were established there. Union began enrolling women in 1970, after 175 years as an all-male institution. The college offers a liberal arts curriculum across 21 academic departments, including ABET-accredited engineering degree programs.
Daniil Varfolomeevič Avdeev
Daniil Varfolomeevič Avdeev (21 December 1917 – San Francesco, 11 November 1944), known by the battle nickname Commander Daniel, worked as a soldier in the Red Army and a Soviet partisan, before being killed in a battle in Italy against Kosakenland.

Kosakenland
Kosakenland (also known as Kosakenland in Norditalien or Cossackia) was a semi-independent military government subordinate to the Nazi Operational Zone of the Adriatic Littoral. The political entity had dual leadership representing the Caucasian population and the Cossack population which had been settled by the order of Odilo Globocnik in Carnia, Friuli. The entity lasted from July 1944 to May 1945, when the Cossacks and Caucasians that had settled within it relocated to Austria in order to surrender to the British authorities.
Ampel Mosque
Ampel Mosque (Indonesian: Masjid Ampel; Arabic: مسجد امبل; Javanese: ꦩꦱ꧀ꦗꦶꦢ꧀ꦲꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦭ꧀) is an ancient mosque located in the Ampel sub-district, district Semampir, Surabaya, East Java. The oldest mosque in East Java was built in 1421 CE by Sunan Ampel where his tomb complex is located within the area.

Ampel
Ampel is a town and an urban sub-district (kelurahan) in the Semampir District of Surabaya City, East Java, Indonesia.  The town is known for its historic Ampel Mosque, and more than 98% of its population are Muslim, with many of them being Arab Indonesians originating from Hadhramaut.
Blogcritics
Blogcritics is a blog network and online magazine of news and opinion. The site was founded in 2002 by Eric Olsen and Phillip Winn. Blogcritics features more than 100 original articles every week, and maintains an archive of all its published content.

Technorati
Technorati is a search engine and a publisher advertising platform. Technorati launched its ad network in 2008. In 2016, Synacor acquired Technorati for $3 million.

The company's core product was previously an Internet search engine for searching blogs. The website stopped indexing blogs and assigning authority scores in 2014 with the launch of its new website, which is focused on online publishing and advertising. Technorati was founded by Dave Sifry, with its headquarters in San Francisco. Kevin Marks was the site's Principal Engineer. Tantek Çelik was the site's Chief Technologist.
53 Division (Sri Lanka)
The 53 Division is an elite combined infantry division of the Sri Lanka Army. Trained and formed in 1996 under the leadership of US military officers, the unit was used as a principal offensive division during the War, having been deployed for combat operations in the Jaffna Peninsula, and was under the command of Security Forces Headquarters - Jaffna. The brigades of the 53 Division are also trained by the US Special Forces, which have been closely involved with its development and training since 1997. The 53 division consists of the Airmobile Brigade, a Mechanised Infantry Brigade and a Special Forces Brigade. At present, it is headquartered at Inamaluwa, Dambulla and serves as one of two infantry divisions in the Reserve Strike Force (RSF) under the direct command of the I Corps capable of acting as a rapid reaction force (RRF).

I Corps (Sri Lanka)
1 Corps ("First Corps") is a field corps formation of the Sri Lanka Army. The Corps is headquartered at Kilinochchi in Northern Province. It was raised on 17 October 2021. It was formed with the amalgamation of the Reserve Strike Force, special forces units and the former Security Forces Headquarters - Kilinochchi (SFHQ-KLN) creating the Army's First Strike Corps.
Ignatius Jerome Strecker
Ignatius Jerome Strecker (November 23, 1917 – October 16, 2003) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as archbishop of the Archdiocese of Kansas City in Kansas from 1969 to 1993. He previously served as bishop of the Diocese of Springfield-Cape Girardeau in Missouri from 1962 to 1969.

Diocese of Springfield–Cape Girardeau
The Diocese of Springfield–Cape Girardeau (Latin: Dioecesis Campifontis–Capitis Girardeauensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or diocese, of the Catholic Church in southern Missouri in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Saint Louis.

As of 2023, the current bishop of the Diocese of Springfield-Cape Girardeau is Edward M. Rice. The diocese has two cathedrals:

St. Agnes Cathedral in Springfield

Cathedral of St. Mary of the Annunciation in Cape Girardeau
Zipgun
ZIPGUN (stylized in all-caps) are an American punk rock band from Seattle, Washington, United States, primarily active from 1991 to 1994. The original founding members were: guitarist Neil Rogers (The Derelicts, Glazed), singer Robb Clarke (Trids, RC5, The Burnz), bassist Mark Wooten (The Zanny Guys, Noble Firs) and drummer Dan Cunneen (Final Warning, The Obituaries, Seattle's Nightcaps,).

Nightcaps (Seattle band)
Nightcaps are an American lounge band from Seattle, Washington. The band was most active from 1995 through 2000, but they continue to play occasionally in the Pacific Northwest.

Nightcaps were an integral part of the mid-1990s lounge music resurgence that included bands such as Combustible Edison, Squirrel Nut Zippers and Love Jones. The Nightcaps were known as one of the few renascent lounge bands to avoid irony and kitsch.

In addition to the torch, jazz and lounge influences that typically characterized the genre's revival, Nightcaps also incorporated Wrecking Crew pop, Memphis soul and garage rock into their sound.

Seattle's Nightcaps released several singles, four full-length albums (including a best-of compilation released in Japan and a live CD of the band's performance on KEXP's "Live Room") and toured extensively throughout Western United States.
Roadwork (novel)
Roadwork is a thriller novel by American writer Stephen King, published in 1981 under the pseudonym Richard Bachman as a paperback original. It was collected in 1985 in the hardcover omnibus The Bachman Books. The story takes place in an unnamed city of the Midwestern United States in 1972–1974. Grieving over the death of his son and the disintegration of his marriage, a man is driven to mental instability when he learns that both his home and his workplace will be demolished to make way for an extension to an interstate highway.

A film adaptation of the novel was announced in August 2019, with Pablo Trapero as director and Andy Muschietti (director of It and It Chapter Two) and Barbara Muschietti as producers. As the adaptation is no longer listed on the movie page of King's website, it is likely that the project has been canceled.

Richard Bachman
Richard Bachman is a pen name of American horror fiction author Stephen King, adopted in 1977 for the novel Rage. King hid the link between himself and Bachman, until allowing for his identification in 1985. He collected the first four Bachman novels into The Bachman Books. Rage became controversial for being about a school shooting and was allowed to go out of print after the 1997 Heath High School shooting. In total, seven novels have been published under the Bachman name.
Thomas McCabe (United Irishmen)
Thomas McCabe (1739–1820), a merchant in Belfast, was an abolitionist credited with defeating a proposal to commission ships in the town for the Middle Passage, and, with his son William Putnam McCabe, was an active member of the Society of the United Irishmen.

Clifton House, Belfast
Clifton House is an 18th-century Grade A listed building located in Belfast, Northern Ireland. Originally built as a poor house by the Belfast Charitable Institution. Today it is houses a heritage centre alongside a residential home and sheltered accommodation apartments.
Karbow-Vietlübbe
Karbow-Vietlübbe (German pronunciation: [ˈkaʁboː ˈfiːtlʏbə]) is a former municipality in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district, in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. Since 1 January 2014, it is part of the municipality Gehlsbach.

Gehlsbach
Gehlsbach (German pronunciation: [ˈɡeːlsˌbax]) is a municipality in the Ludwigslust-Parchim district of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It was formed on 1 January 2014 by the merger of the former municipalities of Karbow-Vietlübbe and Wahlstorf.
Lisa Fischer
Lisa Melonie Fischer (born December 1, 1958) is an American singer and songwriter. She found success with her 1991 debut album So Intense, which produced the Grammy Award–winning hit single "How Can I Ease the Pain". She has been a back-up singer for a number of artists, including Sting, Luther Vandross, and Tina Turner, and she toured with The Rolling Stones from 1989 to 2015.

Alonzo King LINES Ballet
The Alonzo King LINES Ballet (AKLB) is an American contemporary ballet company based in the San Francisco Bay Area. The ballet company, founded by choreographer Alonzo King, premiered at San Francisco State University's McKenna Theatre in 1982.
Test d'évaluation de français
The Test d'évaluation de français (TEF, or French Assessment Test) is a standardized language test for French as a foreign language. It assesses general French comprehension and expression skills. Results are aligned with the levels of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) established by the Council of Europe.

Created in 1998 by Le français des affaires, a department of the Paris Île-de-France Regional Chamber of Commerce and Industry, it is officially recognized by:

French Ministry of Higher Education, Research and Innovation and the Ministry of the Interior

Swiss State Secretariat for Migration

Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada;

Quebec Ministry of Immigration, Francisation and Integration

To meet the needs of candidates, the TEF is offered in five different versions:

TEF Études

TEF Intégration, Résidence et Nationalité (IRN)

TEF Canada

TEF Québec (TEFAQ)

TEF for All Audiences

Français langue étrangère
Français langue étrangère (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃sɛ lɑ̃ɡ etʁɑ̃ʒɛʁ]; French for French as a foreign language, FLE) is the use of French by non-native speakers in a country where French is not normally spoken, similar to English as a foreign language. There is no single test like the TOEFL, but instead a variety of possible tests used to measure language proficiency of non-francophones in non-francophone countries. It is specifically different from Français langue seconde (FLS) which is used when referring to prospective immigrants to francophone countries.  It is related to, but not identical from French immersion, which is a strategy for teaching French as a second (never "foreign") language to children, especially in English Canada.
Master's degree
A master's degree (from Latin magister) is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities or colleges upon completion of a course of study demonstrating mastery or a high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional practice. A master's degree normally requires previous study at the bachelor's level, either as a separate degree or as part of an integrated course. Within the area studied, master's graduates are expected to possess advanced knowledge of a specialized body of theoretical and applied topics; high order skills in analysis, critical evaluation, or professional application; and the ability to solve complex problems and think rigorously and independently.

European Higher Education Area
The European Higher Education Area (EHEA) was launched in March 2010, during the Budapest-Vienna Ministerial Conference, on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of the Bologna Process.

As the main objective of the Bologna Process since its inception in 1999, the EHEA was meant to ensure more comparable, compatible and coherent higher education systems in Europe. Between 1999 and 2010, all the efforts of the Bologna Process members were targeted to creating the European Higher Education Area, which became reality with the Budapest-Vienna Declaration of March 2010. In order to join the EHEA, a country must sign and ratify the European Cultural Convention treaty.

Denmark was the first country outside the UK and the US to introduce the 3+2+3 system.
Máel Cobo mac Fiachnai
Máel Cobo mac Fiachnai (died 647) was a Dal Fiatach king of Ulaid. He was the son of Fiachnae mac Demmáin (died 627) and half-brother of Dúnchad mac Fiachnai (died c. 644), previous kings. He ruled from c. 644 to 647.

The Dal Fiatach recovered the overlordship of Ulaid after the death of Congal Cáech at the Battle of Mag Roth in 637 and were to retain it until 674. Family strife was a common theme among the dynasty at this time. Máel Cobo was himself killed or slain by his nephew Congal Cennfota mac Dúnchada (died 674) in 647.

His sons were Blathmac mac Máele Cobo (died 670), a king of Ulaid and Óengus whose grandson Cathal mac Muiredaig was ancestor of the Leth Cathail sept of the Dal Fiatach.

Dál Fiatach
Dál Fiatach was a Gaelic dynastic-grouping and the name of their territory in the north-east of Ireland, which lasted throughout the Middle Ages until their demise in the 13th century at the hands of Normans. It was part of the over-kingdom of Ulaid, and they were its main ruling dynasty for most of Ulaid's history. Their territory lay in eastern County Down. Their capital was Dún Lethglaise (Downpatrick) and from the 9th century their main religious site was Bangor Abbey.
David Bolt (disability studies)
David Bolt is the founding Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Literary and Cultural Disability Studies and the Director of the Centre for Culture & Disability Studies at Liverpool Hope University, where he is also Professor of Disability Studies and Interdisciplinarity.

Liverpool University Press
Liverpool University Press (LUP), founded in 1899, is the third oldest university press in England after Oxford University Press and Cambridge University Press. As the press of the University of Liverpool, it specialises in modern languages, literatures, history, and visual culture and currently publishes more than 160 books a year, as well as 50 academic journals. LUP's books are distributed in North America by Longleaf.
The Truth About Mother Goose
The Truth About Mother Goose is an animated short film released on August 28, 1957, by Walt Disney Productions. The short was directed by Wolfgang Reitherman in his directorial debut, and Bill Justice, and written by Bill Peet.

Bill Peet
William Bartlett Peet (né Peed; January 29, 1915 – May 11, 2002) was an American children's book illustrator and a story writer and animator for Walt Disney Animation Studios.

Peet joined Disney in 1937 and worked first on Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937) near the end of its production. Progressively, his involvement in the Disney studio's animated feature films and shorts increased, and he remained there until early in the development of The Jungle Book (1967). A row with Walt Disney over the direction of the project led to him resigning in 1964.

Peet's subsequent career was as a writer and illustrator of numerous children's books, including Capyboppy (1966), The Wump World (1970), The Whingdingdilly (1970), The Ant and the Elephant (1972), and Cyrus the Unsinkable Serpent (1975).
Drag House Rules
Drag House Rules is a television series which debuted on the Canadian channel OUTtv on February 21, 2025. A scripted satire of reality competition television series, it features RuPaul's Drag Race contestants Laganja Estranja, Jujubee, Manila Luzon, Rock M. Sakura, Silky Nutmeg Ganache, and Tammie Brown, as well as The Boulet Brothers' Dragula contestant Biqtch Puddin'.

Jujubee
Airline Inthyrath (Lao: ແອລາຍ ອິນທິຣາດ; born June 21, 1984), known by her stage name Jujubee, is an American drag queen, reality television personality, and recording artist from Lowell, Massachusetts. She first rose to prominence in 2010 as a contestant on the second season of RuPaul's Drag Race, and later returned to compete on the first and fifth seasons of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars, and the first series of RuPaul's Drag Race: UK vs. the World (2022).  She has the unique distinction of being the only contestant to reach the finale of the competition four times. Additionally, she was a main cast member on the makeover television series RuPaul's Drag U (2010–2012), Dragnificent (2019–2020), and RuPaul's Secret Celebrity Drag Race (2022). In 2021, she competed in the first season of Paramount+ singing competition Queen of the Universe.
Kibworth Cricket Club New Ground
Kibworth Cricket Club New Ground is a cricket ground in Kibworth, Leicestershire, England.  The ground replaced the original Kibworth Cricket Club Ground which was sold for development at the end of the 2005 season.

The New Ground is located directly next to the development which covers the old ground.  The first match on the ground was in 2006, when Kibworth Cricket Club played a Leicestershire CCC XI as part of Darren Maddy's benefit year.

The Leicestershire Second XI played the Warwickshire Second XI in the grounds first Second XI Championship fixture in August 2010.

The ground held its first Women's One Day International in 2010 when Ireland women played New Zealand.  Days later it held it second when England women played Ireland women.

The ground is the home venue of Kibworth Cricket Club. whose first XI play in the Leicestershire Premier Cricket League.

Kibworth
52°32′N 1°00′W﻿ / ﻿52.54°N 1°W﻿ / 52.54; -1

Kibworth /ˈkɪbwərθ/ is an area of the Harborough district of Leicestershire, England, that contains two civil parishes: the villages of Kibworth Beauchamp /ˈbiːtʃəm/ and Kibworth Harcourt /ˈhɑːrkɔːrt/. At the 2011 census, Kibworth Beauchamp had a population of 5,433 and Kibworth Harcourt 990. The villages are roughly divided by the Midland Main Line. Kibworth is close to Foxton Locks, Market Harborough, and Leicester.
2018 Campeonato Brasileiro Série B
The 2018 Campeonato Brasileiro Série B was a football competition held in Brazil, equivalent to the second division.

Twenty teams competed in the tournament, twelve returning from the 2017 season, four promoted from the 2017 Campeonato Brasileiro Série C (CSA, Fortaleza, São Bento and Sampaio Corrêa). and four relegated from the 2017 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A (Coritiba, Avaí, Ponte Preta and Atlético Goianiense).

The top four teams were promoted to the 2019 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A. Fortaleza became the first club to be promoted after a 1–2 win against Atlético Goianiense on 3 November 2018. Goiás was promoted on 17 November, and Avaí and CSA on 24 November.

2017 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A
The 2017 Campeonato Brasileiro Série A was the 61st season of the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A, the top level of professional football in Brazil, and the 15th edition in a double round-robin since its establishment in 2003. The season began on 13 May 2017 and ended on 3 December 2017. The top six teams qualified to Copa Libertadores and the last four were relegated to Série B of 2018.

Corinthians won their seventh title and was the first team in the history of the tournament, since the double round-robin system was established in 2003, to finish the first round undefeated.