hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bodø affair
The Bodø affair was a diplomatic scandal involving Sweden-Norway (then a dual monarchy) and the United Kingdom, which lasted from 1818 to 1821. The affair arose over the illegal trading activities of an English company in the Norwegian port of Bodø, where Norwegian officials in 1818 seized a large cargo of contraband belonging to the company and arrested one of its owners, who had attempted to smuggle it into Norway. He later with violence managed to escape. The Stockholm foreign ministry, which handled the foreign affairs of Norway at that time, seemed unreasonably favorable to British claims over the Bodø incident, thereby angering Norwegians and arousing their nationalism. In 1821 a large (for the Norwegian state) compensation was paid, over Norwegian objections, to another British company which had falsified documents regarding ownership of the goods. While of minor importance in itself, the incident led to lasting distrust among Norwegians of the Swedish foreign ministry.

Bodø (town)
Bodø (pronounced [ˈbûːdøː] ⓘ, Northern Sami: Bådåddjocode: sme promoted to code: se ; Pite Sami: Buvvda; Lule Sami: Bådåddjo) is a town in Bodø Municipality in Nordland county, Norway.
The town is the administrative centre of both the Bodø Municipality and Nordland county. It is located on the Bodø peninsula between the Vestfjorden and the Saltfjorden. Bodø is located just north of the Arctic Circle. It is the largest urban area and town in Nordland county and the second-largest town in Northern Norway.

The 14.91-square-kilometre (3,680-acre) town has a population (2023) of 42,831 and a population density of 2,873 inhabitants per square kilometre (7,440/sq mi).

Bodø is a European Capital of Culture 2024, along with Bad Ischl and Tartu.

One of Norway's most successful football clubs, FK Bodø/Glimt, is based in the town.
Sterling County, Texas
Sterling County is a county located on the Edwards Plateau in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,372, making it the ninth-least populous county in Texas. Its county seat is Sterling City. The county is named for W. S. Sterling, an early settler in the area. Sterling County was one of 30 prohibition, or entirely dry, counties in the state of Texas, but is now a moist county.

Mitchell County, Texas
Mitchell County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 8,990. Its county seat is Colorado City.  The county was created in 1876 and organized in 1881. It is named for Asa and Eli Mitchell, two early settlers and soldiers in the Texas Revolution.
Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910
The Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910, also known as the Japan–Korea Annexation Treaty (Korean: 한일병합조약), was made by representatives of the Empire of Japan and the Korean Empire on 22 August 1910. In this treaty, Japan formally annexed Korea following the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1905 (by which Korea became a protectorate of Japan) and the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1907 (by which Korea was deprived of the administration of internal affairs).

Japanese commentators predicted that Koreans would easily assimilate into the Japanese Empire.

In 1965, the Treaty of Basic Relations between South Korea and Japan confirmed this treaty is "already null and void".

Korean Empire
The Korean Empire, officially the Empire of Korea or Imperial Korea, was a Korean monarchical state proclaimed in October 1897 by King Gojong of the Joseon dynasty. The empire lasted until the Japanese annexation of Korea in August 1910.

During this period, Emperor Gojong oversaw the Gwangmu Reform, a partial modernization and westernization of Korea's military, economy, land system, education system, and various industries. In 1905, the Korean Empire became a protectorate of the Empire of Japan. After the Japanese annexation in 1910, the Korean Empire ceased to exist.
Fort McRae
Fort McRae was a Union Army post, established in 1863, then a U.S. Army post from 1866 and closed in 1876, in what is now Sierra County, New Mexico. The post was named for Alexander McRae (1829–1862) a slain hero of the 1862 Battle of Valverde.

The site of Fort McRae is located on the east bank of the Elephant Butte Reservoir in the general area of Elephant Butte, New Mexico within McRae Canyon. A 21.6 acres (8.7 ha) area at the site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005. In National Park Service sources its precise location was Address restricted.

Cañon del Muerto (Sierra County, New Mexico)
Cañon del Muerto is a canyon, in Sierra County, New Mexico.

The mouth of the Cañon del Muerto, was originally considered to flow into the Rio Grande. Its lower reach was later renamed McRae Canyon, with Cañon del Muerto having its mouth at its confluence with McRae Canyon at 33°11′21″N 107°07′32″W﻿ / ﻿33.18917°N 107.12556°W﻿ / 33.18917; -107.12556 at an elevation of 4,460 feet (1,360 meters), below an unnamed arroyo flowing from the east, at an elevation of 4,573 feet (1,394 meters). Cañon del Muerto's source is at an elevation of 4,770 feet (1,450 meters) at 33°08′39″N 107°07′10″W﻿ / ﻿33.14417°N 107.11944°W﻿ / 33.14417; -107.11944.
Knut Engdahl
Knut Engdahl (born 20 June 1933) is a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party. He served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Møre og Romsdal during the 1977–1981 term. He was also mayor of Kristiansund Municipality from 1981–1983.

Kristiansund Municipality
Kristiansund (US: /ˈkrɪstʃənsʌnd, ˈkrɪstiənsʊn/, Norwegian: [krɪstjɑnˈsʉnː] ⓘ; historically spelled Christianssund and earlier named Fosna) is a municipality on the western coast of Norway in the Nordmøre district of Møre og Romsdal county. The administrative center of the municipality is the town of Kristiansund (established in 1742), which is the major town for the whole Nordmøre region. Other notable settlements in the municipality include the villages of Kvalvåg, Rensvik, and Nedre Frei.

The 87-square-kilometre (34 sq mi) municipality is the 334th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Kristiansund Municipality is the 53rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 24,404. The municipality's population density is 279.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (723/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0.04% over the previous 10-year period.
Trampe bicycle lift
The Trampe bicycle lift (Norwegian: Sykkelheisen Trampe) is a bicycle lift in Trondheim, Norway, invented and installed in 1993 by Jarle Wanwik.

In 2013 it was upgraded and rebranded under the name CycloCable by Skirail, part of the Poma group.

Bicycle lift
Bicycle lifts are powered mechanical systems for moving bicycles uphill. They are used where the steepness of a slope or other situations like subway crowds make riding uphill difficult.

They are used on transit to make areas more accessible and reduce conflict. Low budgets for bicycle infrastructure are an obstacle to their deployment. They are common in parts of East Asia and Europe.
Tes River
The Tes River (Mongolian: Тэсийн гол; Tuvan: Тес-Хем;) is a river in northwestern Mongolia and southern Tuva, Russia. Its spring is in Tsagaan-Uul sum in Khövsgöl. The river then flows through Zavkhan (Mongolia), Tuva (Russia), next back to Uvs (Mongolia) before entering Uvs Lake. While in Khövsgöl, there is a wooden bridge near Tsetserleg and a concrete bridge near Bayantes on the road to Kyzyl, Russia.

The Tes River is primary source of the Uvs Lake. A large section of the river, from where it enters the Uvs Province to its mound in the lake, is included in the Uvs Nuur Basin UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Tsagaan-Uul, Khövsgöl
Tsagaan-Uul (Mongolian: Цагаан-Уул, lit. "white mountain") is a sum of Khövsgöl aimag. The area is about 5,870 km², of which 5,190 km² are pasture. In 2005, the sum had 5145 inhabitants, mainly Khalkha and Khotgoid. The center officially named Sharga (Mongolian: Шарга), is located 138 km west of Mörön and 840 kilometers from Ulaanbaatar.
Pepin I of Aquitaine
Pepin I or Pepin I of Aquitaine (French: Pépin; 797 – 13 December 838) was King of Aquitaine and Duke of Maine.

Pepin was the second son of Emperor Louis the Pious and his first wife, Ermengarde of Hesbaye. When his father assigned to each of his sons a kingdom (within the Empire) in August 817, he received Aquitaine, which had been Louis's own subkingdom during his father Charlemagne's reign. Around this time, the only coinage issue bearing Pepin's name was struck, likely at Louis's behest.

Ermoldus Nigellus was his court poet and accompanied him on a campaign into Brittany in 824.

Around 827-8, Louis sent Pepin to support Bernard of Septimania against an incursion into the Iberian March, supported by the Umayyad ruler Abd al-Rahman. Pepin and his army failed to reach the March in time to make a difference, for which the co-leaders of his army, Hugh of Tours and Matfrid of Orléans were deposed.

Ermengarde of Hesbaye
Ermengarde (or Irmingard) of Hesbaye (c. 778 – 3 October 818), probably a member of the Robertian dynasty, was Carolingian empress from 813 and Queen of the Franks from 814 until her death as the wife of the Carolingian emperor Louis the Pious.
Robert Smolańczuk
Robert Smolańczuk (born in Olecko, Poland) is a Polish theoretical physicist.

He received his doctorate from the Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies in 1996. He later visited Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) as a Fulbright Fellow between 1998 and 2000.

He predicted in late 1998 that a lead-and-krypton collision technique could produce the element oganesson, at that time considered impossible by most scientists involved in heavy-element research. This was experimentally attempted at LBNL in 1999 and appeared to have been successful, but an investigation determined that the data had been fabricated by Victor Ninov. It is now expected that this reaction is unlikely to succeed. Smolańczuk received the Nitschke Award in 1999 for developing a phenomenological model of synthesis of superheavy nuclei. He currently works at the National Centre for Nuclear Research in Otwock, Poland.

Victor Ninov
Victor Ninov (Bulgarian: Виктор Нинов; born 27 June 1959) is a Bulgarian physicist and former researcher who worked primarily in creating superheavy elements.  He is known for the co-discoveries of elements 110, 111, and 112 (darmstadtium, roentgenium, and copernicium, respectively).

Ninov also claimed the creation of elements 116 and 118 (now livermorium and oganesson); however, an investigation conducted by the University of California, Berkeley concluded that he had falsified the evidence. The repercussions of the affair had an impact on the guidelines of conduct for several research institutions.
Her Face Value
Her Face Value is a 1921 American silent drama film directed by Thomas N. Heffron and written by Percy Heath based upon a story by Earl Derr Biggers. The film stars Wanda Hawley, Lincoln Plumer, Richard Rosson, T. Roy Barnes, Winifred Bryson, Donald MacDonald, and Harvey Clark. The film was released on October 13, 1921, by Paramount Pictures.

Thomas N. Heffron
Thomas N. Heffron (June 13, 1872 – May 24, 1951) was a screenwriter, actor, and a director. He was born in Nevada, He worked as an attorney and danced in vaudeville before he began his career in film with Thanhousr in 1911, eventually landing him a role with Paramount Pictures a few years later. He left the movie industry in 1922, making all his movies in the silent era.

Heffron directed films for Famous Players studio.

He died in 1951 at the age of 79 in San Francisco, California.
Big Cedar Baptist Church and Burying Ground
Big Cedar Baptist Church and Burying Ground is located on Big Cedar Creek Road, between the road to Reily and the Oxford Pike, in Springfield Township, Franklin County, Indiana. Big Cedar was a branch of the Little Cedar Grove Baptist Church, which was the first church constituted in the Whitewater River Valley, by Elder William Tyner, who had come with colony from Virginia about 1797.

Franklin County, Indiana
Franklin County is a county on the eastern border of the U.S. state of Indiana. In the 2020 United States census, the county population was 22,785. The county seat is the town of Brookville. Franklin County is part of the Cincinnati, OH–KY–IN Metropolitan Statistical Area. The only incorporated city in Franklin County is Batesville, which lies mostly in adjoining Ripley County.
Jade to the Max
Jade to the Max is the debut studio album by American R&B group Jade, released in 1992. The album produced the hit singles "I Wanna Love You" (U.S. No. 16), "Don't Walk Away" (U.S. No. 4), "One Woman" (U.S. No. 22), and "Looking for Mr. Do Right" (U.S. No. 69). It also contains covers of two songs by the 1970s R&B trio the Emotions – "Don't Ask My Neighbor" and "Blessed".

The album peaked at No. 56 on the Billboard 200, No. 19 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, and No. 10 on the Top Heatseekers, and sold more than one million copies.

I Wanna Love You (Jade song)
"I Wanna Love You" is a song by American girl group Jade, released in September 1992 by Giant Records as the debut single from their first album, Jade to the Max (1992). The song was written by Vassal Benford and Ronald Spearman, and produced by Benford. It was also included on the soundtrack to the 1992 film Class Act, starring Kid 'n Play.
Cartoon Network (India)
Cartoon Network (often abbreviated as CN) is an Indian cable and satellite television channel operated by Warner Bros. Discovery under its international division. It is the Indian equivalent of the original American network and was launched on 1 May 1995 as the first television channel in India dedicated to children. The channel primarily airs animated programming in Hindi, English, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, and Tamil. CN also operates Pogo TV.

Taffy (TV series)
Taffy is a French animated television series co-created by Mike de Sève and Pierre Sissman. The series is produced by Cyber Group Studios, in co-production with Turner Broadcasting System Europe with the participation of France 4 for the first season and WarnerMedia and Gulli for the second season. The series airs on Boomerang all across Europe. In September 2019, the series was renewed for a second season. On March 30, 2022, Cyber Group Studios and Gulli renewed the series for a third season.

In July 2022, the show (along with some others) was removed from all Boomerang international channels following the Warner Bros. Discovery purge for tax write-off purposes, thus causing Season 3 to be delayed indefinitely. Cyber Group Studios instead aired most of the second season on Disney Channel in most of Europe. The remaining Season 2 episodes aired on CBBC.
Moshkeleh the Thief
Moshkeleh the Thief (Yiddish: מאָשקעלע גאַנעוו, romanized: Moshkele ganev) is a novel by Sholem Aleichem. It is a story of a horse thief from the fictional shtetl of Mazepevke. In the novel Moshkeleh sets off to retrieve a daughter of the Mazepevke tavern keeper, who runs off with Russian liquor tax collector.

Sholem Aleichem
Solomon Naumovich Rabinovich (Russian: Соломон Наумович Рабинович; March 2 [O.S. February 18] 1859 – May 13, 1916), better known under his pen name Sholem Aleichem, was a Yiddish author and playwright who lived in the Russian Empire and in the United States. The 1964 musical Fiddler on the Roof, based on Aleichem's stories about Tevye the Dairyman, was the first commercially successful English-language stage production about Jewish life in Eastern Europe.

The Hebrew phrase שלום עליכם (shalom aleichem) literally means "[May] peace [be] upon you!", and is a greeting in traditional Hebrew and Yiddish.
Nesselrode pudding
Nesselrode pudding is a French chestnut-based frozen dessert invented in the first half of the 19th century and named after Russian diplomat Karl Nesselrode.  The dish spawned a number of variations, including an American pie; other chestnut-flavored dishes also received Nesselrode's name, not only desserts but also savory dishes such as consommé and sweetbreads. In literature, the dessert is served at a dinner party in Proust's Remembrance of Things Past, eliciting a positive reaction from a guest.

Karl Nesselrode
Karl Robert Reichsgraf von Nesselrode-Ehreshoven, also known as Charles de Nesselrode (Russian: Карл Васильевич Нессельроде, romanized: Karl Vasilyevich Nesselrode; 14 December 1780 – 23 March 1862), was a Russian diplomat of German noble descent. From 1816 to 1856, Nesselrode guided Russian policy as foreign minister. He was also a leading European conservative statesman of the Holy Alliance.
Pieter Willem Korthals
Pieter Willem Korthals (September 1, 1807, Amsterdam – March 1892, Haarlem) was a Dutch botanist.  Korthals was the official botanist with the Dutch East India Service from 1831 to 1836. 
Among his many discoveries was the medicinal plant Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa).: 59   Korthals wrote the first monograph on the tropical pitcher plants, "Over het geslacht Nepenthes", published in 1839.

Carl Ludwig Blume named the botanical genus Korthalsia (family Arecaceae) after Korthals, and Philippe Édouard Léon Van Tieghem introduced the genus name Korthalsella (family Santalaceae) in his honor. Bulbophyllum korthalsii was named after him.

Over het geslacht Nepenthes
"Over het geslacht Nepenthes" (lit. "Concerning the genus Nepenthes") is a Dutch-language monograph by Pieter Willem Korthals on the tropical pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes. It was published in 1839 in Coenraad Jacob Temminck's Verhandelingen over de Natuurlijke Geschiedenis der Nederlandsche overzeesche bezittingen. It is generally regarded as the first monograph on Nepenthes.

Korthals  recognised 9 species: N. ampullaria, N. bongso, N. boschiana, N. distillatoria, N. gracilis, N. gymnamphora, N. madagascariensis, N. phyllamphora (now known as N. mirabilis), and N. rafflesiana. Three of these—N. bongso, N. boschiana, and N. gracilis—were described for the first time, and six were illustrated with hand-coloured lithographs.
Ipasha Lake
Ipasha Lake is located in Glacier National Park, in the U. S. state of Montana. Ipasha Lake is west of Ipasha Peak which rises more than 4,000 feet (1,200 m) above the lake. Melt water from the Ipasha Glacier descends 580 feet (180 m) over Ipasha Falls en route to Ipasha Lake.

Ipasha Falls
Ipasha Falls is a waterfall located in Glacier National Park, Montana, US. Ipasha Falls descends from Ipasha Glacier to Ipasha Lake and is recorded as having a drop of at least 800 feet (240 m). Located in a remote region north of Many Glacier, the falls can only been seen by a multiday hike on established trails to Mokowanis Lake and then from there along unmaintained trails to Ipasha Lake.
Concert by the Sea
Concert by the Sea is a live album by pianist Erroll Garner that was released by Columbia in 1955. It sold over a million dollars' worth of retail copies by 1958, qualifying for gold record status by the definition of that time but has never been acknowledged as such by the RIAA.

Eddie Calhoun
Eddie Calhoun (November 13, 1921, in Clarksdale, Mississippi – January 27, 1994, in Paradise Lake, Michigan) was an American jazz double bassist.

Calhoun was raised in Chicago, where he played with Dick Davis (1947–49) and Ahmad Jamal (1951–52). He worked with Horace Henderson (1952–54), Johnny Griffin (1954), Roy Eldridge, Billie Holiday, and Miles Davis. He joined Erroll Garner in 1955 and played with him through 1966, recording extensively and touring worldwide. After his time with Garner, Calhoun settled again in Chicago, where he played with vocalist and pianist Norvel Reed (1967–68), then ran a nightclub called Cal's in Chicago from 1972 to 1974 and led a sextet at the Fantasy Club from 1975 to 1980. From 1980 to 1986 he accompanied pianist Lennie Capp, then joined the Chicago All-Stars alongside Erwin Helfer for a tour of Europe. Calhoun never recorded as a leader.
Skarzewice
Skarzewice [skaʐɛˈvit͡sɛ] (German: Rosalienhof) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Tychowo, within Białogard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) north-west of Tychowo, 12 km (7 mi) east of Białogard, and 121 km (75 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Tychowo
Gmina Tychowo is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Białogard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Tychowo, which lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) south-east of Białogard and 125 km (78 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 350.69 square kilometres (135.4 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,976. Before 1 January 2010, when Tychowo became a town, the district was classed as a rural gmina.
Gentile Air Force Station
Gentile Air Force Station was a USAF installation in Kettering, Ohio, named for World War II fighter ace Don Gentile and closed in 1997.  Gentile AFS was the site of the Defense Electronics Supply Center (merged with the Defense Construction Supply Center in Columbus to form the Defense Supply Center, Columbus)  and its Defense Automatic Addressing System Center.  In 1994, Gentile AFS became a Defense Finance and Accounting Service Center facility for the Air Force.  After Gentile's closure, the town of Kettering converted the base property into Kettering Business Park.

The public artwork Bee Ambitious (2019) by Jes McMillan in the Haverstick neighborhood of Kettering, Ohio was inspired by the aviation heritage of this station.

By June 2020, City of Kettering was planning to create a 19-acre park at the site of Gentile Air Force Station. As of fall of 2023 the development began and Gentile Nature Park opened June 8, 2024.

Dominic Salvatore Gentile
Dominic Salvatore "Don" Gentile (December 6, 1920 – January 28, 1951), was a World War II RAF and USAAF pilot who achieved fame as he came close to surpassing Eddie Rickenbacker's World War I record of 26 downed aircraft.  He later served in the post-war U.S. Air Force.
Orders, decorations, and medals of the Canadian provinces
The orders, decorations, and medals of the Canadian provinces comprise a system in which each province of Canada has created orders and other awards to honour residents for actions or deeds that benefit their local community or province, and are in turn subsumed within the Canadian honours system.  Each province sets its own rules and criteria for eligibility and for how each award is presented. Most of the awards allow for the recipients to wear their awards in public, and most grant the recipients the use of post-nominal letters after their names. Not all of the awards created by the provinces are part of the Canadian honours system, therefore some of them may not be worn or court mounted with awards that are part of the Canadian honours system.

Saskatchewan Order of Merit
The Saskatchewan Order of Merit is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. Instituted in 1985 by Lieutenant Governor Frederick Johnson, on the advice of the Cabinet under Premier Grant Devine, the order is administered by the Governor-in-Council and is intended to honour current or former Saskatchewan residents for conspicuous achievements in any field, being thus described in law as the highest honour amongst all others conferred by the Saskatchewan Crown.