hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stadtkirche Wittenberg
The Stadt- und Pfarrkirche St. Marien zu Wittenberg (Town and Parish Church of St. Mary's) is the civic church of the German town of Lutherstadt Wittenberg. The reformers Martin Luther and Johannes Bugenhagen preached there and the building also saw the first celebration of the mass in German rather than Latin  and the first ever distribution of the bread and wine to the congregation  – it is thus considered the mother-church of the Protestant Reformation. In 1996, it was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List along with Castle Church of All Saints (Schlosskirche), the Lutherhaus, the Melanchthonhaus, and Martin Luther's birth house and death house in Eisleben, because of its religious significance and testimony to the lasting, global influence of Protestantism.

Judensau
A Judensau (German for "Jews' sow") is a folk art image of Jews in obscene contact with a large sow (female pig), which in Judaism is an unclean animal. These first appeared in the 13th century in Germany and some other European countries, and remained popular for over 600 years.
Mountain Meadows (album)
Mountain Meadows is the title of the second full-length album released by the Canadian alternative country band Elliott Brood, released June 24, 2008 on Six Shooter Records. Its title is a reference to the Mountain Meadows massacre.

The album was shortlisted for the 2009 Polaris Music Prize. Mountain Meadows also received two Juno Award nominations in 2009: "Best Roots/Traditional Album", and "Best CD Artwork".

2009 Polaris Music Prize
The 2009 edition of the Canadian Polaris Music Prize was presented on September 21, 2009 in Toronto at the Masonic Temple and broadcast live online for the first time in its short history. The award's eligibility period for 2009 covered albums released between June 1, 2008 and May 31, 2009.

Initial coverage of the award's shortlist noted that six of the ten finalists were repeat nominees. K'naan, Malajube and Metric were all finalists in the 2006 shortlist, while Joel Plaskett, Chad VanGaalen and Patrick Watson were all part of the 2007 award, which Watson won. It was the first time in the award's four-year history that any artist was named to the shortlist for a second time.
Riothamus
Riothamus (also spelled Riutimus or Riotimus) was a Romano-British military leader who was active circa AD 470. He fought against the Goths in alliance with the declining Western Roman Empire. He is called "King of the Britons" by the 6th-century historian Jordanes, but the extent of his realm is unclear. Some Arthurian scholars identify Riothamus as a possible inspiration for the King Arthur of legend.

Euric
Euric (Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐍅𐌰𐍂𐌴𐌹𐌺𐍃, Aiwareiks, see Eric), also known as Evaric (c. 426 – 28 December 484), son of Theodoric I, ruled as king (rex) of the Visigoths, after murdering his brother, Theodoric II, from 466 until his death in 484. Sometimes he is called Euric II.
1980 Individual Long Track World Championship
The 1980 Individual Long Track World Championship was the tenth edition of the FIM speedway Individual Long Track World Championship. The event was held on 14 September 1980 at Scheeßel in West Germany.

The World title was won by Karl Maier of West Germany. The Championship consisted of four qualifying rounds at Harsewinkel, Korskro, Hamburg-Farmsen, Pfarrkirchen won by Bruce Penhall, Ivan Mauger, Egon Müller and Georg Hack respectively and two semi finals in Jübek and Gornja Radgona won by Ole Olsen and Josef Aigner.

Egon Müller
Egon Müller (born 26 November 1948) is a German former motorcycle speedway rider. He won the Speedway World Championship in 1983, winning the title in his homeland with a maximum score of 15 points. He earned 44 international caps for the West German national speedway team.
Hubert Badanai
Hubert Badanai (11 January 11, 1895 – 19 September 1986), born Umberto Badanai; was a Canadian automobile dealer and politician. He was the first Italian born member of Canadian Federal Parliament.

Born in Azzano Decimo, Friuli-Venezia Giulia (northeastern Italy), to a Jewish-Italian Father and Italian Mother. He moved to Canada when he was 18 and worked at a brickyard in Rosslyn. He later opened a successful car dealership and became an alderman in Fort William, Ontario, for 9 years and mayor for 8 years. He was elected to the House of Commons of Canada for the riding of Fort William in the 1958 federal election. A Liberal, he was re-elected in 1962, 1963, 1965, and 1968. From 1963 to 1964, he was the Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Public Works. From 1964 to 1965, he was the Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Citizenship and Immigration.

Azzano Decimo
Azzano Decimo (Western Friulian: Dassan) is a comune (municipality) in the regional decentralization entity of Pordenone, in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 11 kilometres (7 mi) southeast of Pordenone. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 13,711 and an area of 51.4 square kilometres (19.8 sq mi).

The municipality of Azzano Decimo contains the frazioni (boroughs) of Corva, Fagnigola, and Tiezzo.

Azzano Decimo borders the following municipalities: Chions, Fiume Veneto, Pasiano di Pordenone, Pordenone, Pravisdomini.
May 20 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
May 19 - Eastern Orthodox Church calendar - May 21

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on June 2 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For May 20th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on May 7.

Lydia of Thyatira
Lydia of Thyatira (Greek: Λυδία) is a woman mentioned in the New Testament who is regarded as the first documented convert to Christianity in Europe. Several Christian denominations have designated her a saint.
Pothole Gulch
Pothole Gulch (57°7′S 26°46′W﻿ / ﻿57.117°S 26.767°W﻿ / -57.117; -26.767) is a gulch whose bed is broken by numerous potholes, draining the southeast portion of Vindication Island, South Sandwich Islands. The descriptive name was applied by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in 1971.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Pothole Gulch". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Vindication Island
Vindication Island is a small uninhabited island of the Candlemas Islands in the South Sandwich Islands. It is one of about a dozen islands that make up the South Sandwich island arc, a chain of volcanoes in the Southern Ocean that was discovered in 1775 by James Cook. The volcanism is caused by the subduction of the South American Plate beneath the Sandwich Plate.

The island has a rectangular outline and is the remnant of three mostly eroded volcanoes. The highest point of the island, Quadrant Peak, directly overlies the coast. Inland Vindication Island features a rich vegetation, consisting of lichens and mosses, while various bird and penguin species breed along the coasts. There is no evidence of recent volcanic activity.
Ben Cline
Benjamin Lee Cline (born February 29, 1972) is an American politician and lawyer serving as the U.S. representative for Virginia's 6th congressional district since 2019. A member of the Republican Party, he represented the 24th district in the Virginia House of Delegates from 2002 to 2018.

Virginia's 24th House of Delegates district
Virginia's 24th House of Delegates district elects one of 100 seats in the Virginia House of Delegates, the lower house of the state's bicameral legislature. District 24 represents the cities of Buena Vista and Lexington; counties of Bath and Rockbridge; and parts of Amherst and Augusta counties. Benjamin L. Cline held this seat until his 2018 election to Virginia's 6th congressional district. In a Republican firehouse primary, Rockbridge supervisor Ronnie Campbell won the Republican nomination by one vote. Christian Worth won the Democratic nomination. Campbell won the special election on December 18 and held the seat for nearly four years until his death on December 13, 2022. Ellen Campbell was elected in a 2023 special election to succeed her husband.
Barry & Enright Productions
Barry & Enright Productions (also known as either Jack Barry-Dan Enright Productions or Jack Barry & Dan Enright Productions and first known as Barry, Enright & Friendly Productions) was a United States television production company that was formed in 1947 by Jack Barry and Dan Enright.

Dough Re Mi
Dough Re Mi is an American game show that aired on NBC from February 24, 1958, to December 30, 1960. The series was hosted by Gene Rayburn and was somewhat of an answer to CBS' Name That Tune, which began in 1953.

Among those who substituted for Rayburn during the run were Jack Barry (prior to the scandals pushing him out of television), announcer Roger Tuttle, Dayton Allen, Keefe Brasselle, and Fred Robbins.
Fred Jarvis
Frederick Frank Jarvis CBE (8 September 1924 – 15 June 2020) was a British trade union leader. He was President of the National Union of Students (NUS) from 1952 to 1954 and General Secretary of the National Union of Teachers (NUT) from 1975 to 1989. Jarvis served as President of the Trades Union Congress in 1987, the first Oxford graduate to hold that position.

National Union of Teachers
The National Union of Teachers (NUT; /ˈnʌt/) was a trade union for school teachers in England, Wales, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man.  It was a member of the Trades Union Congress.  In March 2017, NUT members endorsed a proposed merger with the Association of Teachers and Lecturers to form a new union known as the National Education Union, which came into existence on 1 September 2017.  The union recruited only qualified teachers and those training to be qualified teachers into membership and on dissolution had almost 400,000 members, making it the largest teachers' union in the United Kingdom.
Alexandra Kertz-Welzel
Alexandra Kertz-Welzel (born October 15, 1970) is professor and chair of music education at Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität in Munich, Germany. She studied at the Hochschule für Musik Saar and Saarland University in Saarbrücken, where she obtained master's degrees in music education, German studies, philosophy, piano performance (class of Kristin Merscher), and harpsichord performance (class of Gerald Hambitzer), and was a scholarship holder from Cusanuswerk between 1992 and 2000. In 2000, she received a PhD degree in musicology from Saarland University, with a dissertation on aesthetics in literature and music during the early romanticism in the nineteenth century. Prior to her employment at LMU Munich in 2011, she was a lecturer in music education at the Hochschule für Musik in Saarbrücken (2005–2011), and visiting scholar and lecturer in music education at the University of Washington in Seattle, Washington (2002–2005).

Saarland University
Saarland University (German: Universität des Saarlandes, pronounced [univɛʁziˈtɛːt dɛs ˈzaːɐ̯landəs]) is a public research university located in Saarbrücken, the capital of the German state of Saarland. It was founded in 1948 in Homburg in co-operation with France and is organized in six faculties that cover all major fields of science.  In 2007, the university was recognized as an excellence center for computer science in Germany.

Thanks to bilingual German and French staff, the university has an international profile, which has been underlined by its proclamation as "European University" in 1950 and by establishment of Europa-Institut as its "crown and symbol" in 1951.

Ten academics have been honored with the highest German research prize, the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Prize, while working at Saarland University.
B-Sides (Helix album)
B-Sides is a compilation album by the Canadian hard rock band Helix. It is their 13th official release and their fourth compilation album. Despite the title, it actually consists of no B-sides. It was released in conjunction with the 25th anniversary of Helix and featured a reunion of surviving members of the "classic" 1980s lineup on three tracks. It also compiled previously unreleased tracks from 1989 to 1998. As a bonus, it included two unreleased songs from the Helix independent years.

Brian Vollmer
Brian Joseph Vollmer (born June 30, 1955) is the lead singer and only remaining original member of Canadian hard rock group Helix. Since the band's inception in 1974, Vollmer had gone from lead singer to de facto leader of the band, weathering numerous lineup changes. Vollmer was born in Listowel, Ontario before relocating to Kitchener.
Krishnamoorthy Puranik
Krishnamoorthy Puranik (5 September 1911 – 12 November 1985) was an Indian writer and poet who wrote in Kannada. He was the principal of a government high school in Gokak and was awarded the Karnataka Sahitya Academy Award for his work Mannina Magalu (Daughter of the Soil).

Puranik was born in Bilagi, a village in the Bagalkot district. He was a creative fiction writer. Some of his writings were made into successful Kannada and Tamil movies.

They include Dharma Devate that was made into Karuneye Kutumbada Kannu, Kulavadhu, Kuniyitu Hejje Naliyithu Gejje that was made into Sanaadi Appanna, Muttaide, Mannina Magalu, Pavana Ganga and Halunda Tavaru. Puranik was a poet and also a short story writer.

Kulavadhu
Kulavadhu (pronunciationⓘ) is a 1963 Indian Kannada-language film, directed by T. V. Singh Takur and produced by A. C. Narasimha Murthy & Friends. The film stars Rajkumar, Leelavathi, Balakrishna, Narasimharaju and K. S. Ashwath. The film has musical score by G. K. Venkatesh. The famous Ugadi song Yuga Yugadi Kaledaru from this movie is a still hit song. The movie is based on the novel of same name by Krishnamoorthy Puranik. This was Rajkumar's second movie to be based on a novel - the first being Karuneye Kutumbada Kannu (1962). Both the movies were based on novels by Krishnamoorthy Puranik.
Eating Too Fast
Eating Too Fast is a 1966 Andy Warhol film made at The Factory. It was originally titled Blow Job #2 and features art critic and writer Gregory Battcock (1937–1980). The film is 67 minutes long and is, in effect, a black and white sound film remake of Warhol's Blow Job (1964). Battcock had previously appeared in Warhol's films Batman Dracula (1964) and Horse (1965).

Gregory Battcock
Gregory Battcock (1937–1980) was an American art historian, art critic, and painter from New York City who wrote a series of Dutton paperbacks that anthologized critical writings on new art tendencies in contemporary art, such as Minimalism, Conceptual Art, Video Art, and Super Realism. His first anthology, The New Art, was published in 1966 and revised in 1973. Idea Art: A Critical Anthology, about conceptual art, was his most impactful book.

Battcock taught at William Paterson University.
Pierre Frédéric Sarrus
Pierre Frédéric Sarrus (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ fʁedeʁik saʁy]; 10 March 1798, Saint-Affrique – 20 November 1861) was a French mathematician.

Sarrus was a professor at the University of Strasbourg, France (1826–1856) and a member of the French Academy of Sciences in Paris (1842). He is the author of several treatises, including one on the solution of numeric equations with multiple unknowns (1842); one on multiple integrals and their integrability conditions; and one on the determination of the orbits of the comets.

Sarrus discovered a mnemonic rule for solving the determinant of a 3-by-3 matrix, named rule of Sarrus. He also demonstrated the fundamental lemma of the calculus of variations. Additionally, he also developed the Sarrus linkage, the first linkage capable of transforming rotary motion into perfect straight-line motion, and vice versa. Sarrus numbers (Fermat pseudoprimes to base 2) are also named after Sarrus, who discovered the first number (341).

Rule of Sarrus
In matrix theory, the rule of Sarrus is a mnemonic device for computing the determinant of a  matrix named after the French mathematician Pierre Frédéric Sarrus.

Consider a  matrix

then its determinant can be computed by the following scheme.

Write out the first two columns of the matrix to the right of the third column, giving five columns in a row. Then add the products of the diagonals going from top to bottom (solid) and subtract the products of the diagonals going from bottom to top (dashed). This yields

A similar scheme based on diagonals works for  matrices:

Both are special cases of the Leibniz formula, which however does not yield similar memorization schemes for larger matrices. Sarrus' rule can also be derived using the Laplace expansion of a  matrix.

Another way of thinking of Sarrus' rule is to imagine that the matrix is wrapped around a cylinder, such that the right and left edges are joined.
Kill or Be Killed (Deniro Farrar and Shady Blaze album)
Kill or Be Killed is a collaborative mixtape by American rappers Deniro Farrar and Shady Blaze. It was released on October 4, 2012. It includes guest appearances from Lofty305, Main Attrakionz, and Haleek Maul, as well as production from Oswin SM, Ryan Hemsworth, Keyboard Kid, Friendzone, and Nem270, among others. Lunice produced a bonus track, "All I Know".

Deniro Farrar
Dante Qushawan Farrar (born June 18, 1987), better known by his stage name Deniro Farrar, is an American rapper from Charlotte, North Carolina. He has collaborated with other artists such as Ryan Hemsworth, Shady Blaze, and Flosstradamus. His voice was described by The Fader as "an eerily calm rasp that never leaves the emotional range of fuming mad".
Paul Dobberstein
Paul Matthias Dobberstein (September 21, 1872 – July 24, 1954) was a German American priest and architect.

Dobberstein was born in Rosenfeld, Germany to Francis "Frank" Dobberstein and Julia Froehlich.

Father Dobberstein was educated at the university of Deutsch-Krone in Germany and at the St. Francis Seminary, in St. Francis, Wisconsin.  He was ordained on June 30, 1897.

He raised a daughter who travelled to his parish on an orphan train.  She is cited as his adopted daughter in the 1910 United States census.

Saint Francis de Sales Seminary
Saint Francis de Sales Seminary is a seminary for the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milwaukee, located in the Milwaukee suburb of St. Francis, Wisconsin. Its main building, called Henni Hall, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Gertrude Beasley
Edna Gertrude Beasley (June 20, 1892 – July 25, 1955) was an American writer and memoirist.  A feminist, her controversial 1925 autobiography, My First Thirty Years (published in Paris, France) received some favorable reviews but was also suppressed, and she soon after disappeared.

Decades after her death, researchers found that when she returned to the United States in the late 1920s, she was committed to a state mental asylum in New York for the rest of her life.

Robert McAlmon
Robert Menzies McAlmon (also used Robert M. McAlmon, as his signature name, March 9, 1895 – February 2, 1956) was an American writer, poet, and publisher.  In the 1920s, he founded in Paris the publishing house, Contact Editions, where he published Ernest Hemingway, Gertrude Stein, James Joyce and Ezra Pound.
Kasterlee
Kasterlee (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈkɑstərleː]) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp. The municipality comprises the towns of Kasterlee proper, Lichtaart and Tielen. In 2021, Kasterlee had a total population of 19,052. The total area is 71.56 km2. The town is twinned with Plaffeien (Switzerland).

Plaffeien
Plaffeien (French: Planfayon; Arpitan: Pllanfayon [plɑ̃faˈjɔ̃] ⓘ) is a municipality in the district of Sense in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. It is one of the municipalities with a large majority of German speakers in the mostly French speaking Canton of Fribourg.
Buitenplaats
A buitenplaats (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈbœytə(n)ˌplaːts], lit. 'outside place') was a summer residence for rich townspeople in the Netherlands. During the Dutch Golden Age of the 17th century, many traders and city administrators in Dutch towns became very wealthy. Many of them bought country estates, at first mainly to collect rents, however soon mansions started to be built there, which were used only during the summer.

Vecht (Utrecht)
The Vecht (pronounced [vɛxt] ⓘ) is a Rhine branch in the Dutch province of Utrecht. It is sometimes called Utrechtse Vecht to avoid confusion with its Overijssel counterpart. The area along the river is called the Vechtstreek.
Erkan Oğur
Erkan Oğur (pronounced [æɾˈkan oˈuɾ]) (born 17 April 1954) is a Turkish musician. As pioneer of fretless guitars, he invented the first fretless classical guitar in 1976. As composer, he has influenced many musicians with his compositions combining the sounds of Turkish folk music and classical music with the ancient traditional music. He has played many concerts all over the world. He is regarded as a master of the kopuz and bağlama lutes.

Yansımalar
Yansımalar (Turkish pronunciation: [jansɯmaɫaɾ], meaning "reflections"), or Yansimalar in the West, is a Turkish group that compose and play contemporary ethnic music, classified as world music in the Western world. It is sometimes listed as Grup Yansımalar (formal Turkish prefix for bands).

It was founded in 1990 by Birol Yayla (guitarist, tanbur lutist) and Aziz Şenol Filiz (ney flutist). Their 2004 album Pervane ("Moth") was a noted world music album in Europe. They contributed the music for several Turkish movies, and are featured on the soundtrack of the film The Last Ottoman: Yandim Ali (2007).
Country Progressive Party (Victoria)
The Country Progressive Party was a political party in the Australian state of Victoria from 1926 to 1930. It was a splinter group from the Victorian Country Party. It was formed by federal MP Percy Stewart and future Victorian Premier Albert Dunstan in protest over protection of sitting members and state governments. Stewart was the party's only federal MP, while it elected four state MPs at the 1927 and 1929 Victorian state elections. The Country Progressives reunited with the main party in 1930.

Much like the Victorian Country Party was associated with the branches of the Victorian Farmers Union, the Country Progressive Party established the Primary Producers Union which established branches in parts of Victoria.

Albert Dunstan
Sir Albert Arthur Dunstan, KCMG (26 July 1882 – 14 April 1950) was an Australian politician who served as the 33rd premier of Victoria from 1935 to 1943 and from 1943 to 1945 and as the third deputy premier of Victoria for five days in March 1935.  A member of the Country Party, now the National Party, his term as premier was the second-longest in the state's history and the longest of any third-party premier. He was the first person to hold the office of premier in its own right, and not an additional duty taken up by the Treasurer, Attorney-General or Chief Secretary.
Kwakowo, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kwakowo [kfaˈkɔvɔ] (German: Quackenburg) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kobylnica, within Słupsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

The estate was a property of the von Blumenthal family. For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Kobylnica
Gmina Kobylnica is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Słupsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Kobylnica, located about 4 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Słupsk and 107 km (66 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 244.95 square kilometres (94.6 sq mi), and as of 2014 its total population was 11 302.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Słupia Valley Landscape Park.
Zéaglo
Zéaglo is a town in western Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Bloléquin Department in Cavally Region, Montagnes District.

Zéaglo was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Zéaglo was 18,664.

Bloléquin Department
Bloléquin Department is a department of Cavally Region in Montagnes District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 237,944 and its seat is the settlement of Bloléquin. The sub-prefectures of the department are Bloléquin, Diboké, Doké, Tinhou, and Zéaglo.