hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pampus
Pampus (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈpɑmpʏs]) is an artificial island and late 19th-century sea fort located in the IJmeer near Amsterdam. Pampus now belongs to the municipality of Gooise Meren and is open to visitors.

Together with the artillery battery on the lighthouse island near Durgerdam and the battery at the Diemer seawall, Pampus protected the entrance to IJ Bay and the harbour of Amsterdam. Pampus was part of the Defence Line of Amsterdam (Dutch: Stelling van Amsterdam). In 1996, UNESCO designated the entire Defence Line with its 42 forts a World Heritage Site.

Gooise Meren
Gooise Meren (pronounced [ˈɣoːisə ˈmeːrə(n)]) is a municipality in the province of North Holland, the Netherlands. It has about 58,000 inhabitants and covers an area of about 77 km2 (30 sq mi).

Gooise Meren has existed since 2016. It is a merger of the three former municipalities of Bussum, Muiden (including Muiderberg) and Naarden. Eastern (Naarden area) and southern part (Bussum area) of the municipality lie within the Gooi region, western part (Muiden area) lies within the Vechtstreek region.

The very northern part of the Utrecht Hill Ridge, lake Naardermeer and artificial island Pampus are situated within its boundaries.

Gooise Meren borders in the northwest on lake IJmeer, in the northeast on lake Gooimeer. The Vecht river empties into the IJmeer at Muiden, and also the northern end of the former Hollandic Water Line ends in Muiden.
Golden Reel Award for Outstanding Achievement in Sound Editing – Sound Effects, Foley, Dialogue and ADR for Feature Documentary
The Golden Reel Award for Outstanding Achievement in Sound Editing – Sound Effects, Foley, Dialogue and ADR for Feature Documentary is an annual award given by the Motion Picture Sound Editors. It honors sound editors whose work has warranted merit in the field of cinema; in this case, their work in the field of documentary films. It was first awarded in 2010.

Motion Picture Sound Editors
Motion Picture Sound Editors (MPSE) is an American professional society of motion picture sound editors founded in 1953. The society's goals are to educate others about and increase the recognition of the sound and music editors, show the artistic merit of the soundtracks, and improve the professional relationship of its members. The society is not to be confused with an industry union, such as the I.A.T.S.E. The names of active members of the MPSE will generally appear in film credits with the post-nominal letters "MPSE".
Breather switch
A breather switch, expansion joint, or adjustment switch is an intentional gap in railway tracks to allow for thermal expansion in long sections of otherwise unbroken rail. They are placed between very long sections of continuous welded rail or at the transition from continuous welded rail to jointed track, and commonly in the vicinity of bridges, viaducts and tunnels where the infrastructure and track may expand at different rates.

The mating sections are tapered diagonally (unlike a butt joint between two lengths of rail), allowing smoother transitions and higher speeds across the gap.

Breather switches have two advantages over jointed track: they greatly reduce the small gap between the rails, eliminating or significantly reducing the noise and vibration caused by passing trains, and, where continuous welded rail is particularly prone to expansion, they act as relief points to ensure that track does not warp out of shape or result in a sun kink.

Expansion joint
An expansion joint, or movement joint, is an assembly designed to hold parts together while safely absorbing temperature-induced expansion and contraction of building materials. They are commonly found between sections of buildings, bridges, sidewalks, railway tracks, piping systems, ships, and other structures.

Building faces, concrete slabs, and pipelines expand and contract due to warming and cooling from diurnal and seasonal variation, or due to other heat sources. Before expansion joint gaps were built into these structures, they would crack under the stress induced.
Greater Bay Airlines
Greater Bay Airlines Company Limited (GBA), commonly known as Greater Bay Airlines (Chinese: 大灣區航空有限公司), is a Hong Kong–based carrier established in 2020. The company's inaugural passenger flight (from Hong Kong to Bangkok) was conducted in July 2022.

Its head office is in One Citygate in Tung Chung.

Tung Chung
Tung Chung (lit. "eastern stream") is an area on the northwestern coast of Lantau Island, Hong Kong. One of the most recent new towns, it was formerly a rural fishing village beside Tung Chung Bay, and along the delta and lower courses of Tung Chung River and Ma Wan Chung in the north-western coast of Lantau Island. The area was once an important defence stronghold against pirates and foreign military during the Ming and the Qing dynasties.

Developed as part of the Airport Core Programme, the North Lantau New Town is the first new town on an outlying island of Hong Kong, with the first phases built on reclaimed land to the north, east and northeast of the original Tung Chung Town. Administratively, Tung Chung is part of Islands District.
The Joy of Painting
The Joy of Painting is an American half-hour instructional television show. Created and hosted by painter Bob Ross, it ran from January 11, 1983, to May 17, 1994. In most episodes, Ross taught techniques for landscape oil painting, completing a painting in each session. Occasionally, episodes featured a guest artist who would demonstrate a different painting technique. The program followed the same format as its predecessor from 1974 to 1982, The Magic of Oil Painting, hosted by Ross's mentor Bill Alexander. In 2024, new episodes featuring paintings Ross had completed before his death and hosted by Nicholas Hankins were released.

Bill Alexander (painter)
William Alexander (born Wilhelm Alexander; 2 April 1915 – 24 January 1997), known as Bill Alexander on his TV show, was a German painter, art instructor, and television host. He was the creator and host of The Magic of Oil Painting (1974–1982) television series that ran on PBS in the United States. He co-wrote The Art of Bill Alexander and … (1987–1995), a series of books on wet-on-wet oil painting, based on different PBS series of the same form. He also taught the television painter Bob Ross his signature "quick" wet-on-wet technique.
The Exterminator
The Exterminator is a 1980 American vigilante action film written and directed by James Glickenhaus and starring Christopher George, Samantha Eggar and Robert Ginty. Ginty plays John Eastland, a Vietnam veteran who turns vigilante when his employer gets shaken down by the Mafia and his best friend, a fellow veteran who once saved his life in combat, is left paralyzed by a street gang.

The film, particularly the grisly methods employed by Eastland to coerce criminals, drew outrage from critics. However, it was an independent hit, generating $30 to $35 million in total revenue. It gave Ginty, until then best known as a supporting player in mainstream fare, a second career as an exploitation leading man, and marked the breakthrough of African-American actor Steve James. It is also considered an early example of the vetsploitation subgenre.

Vigilante film
The vigilante film is a film genre in which the protagonist or protagonists engage in vigilante behavior, taking the law into their own hands. Vigilante films are usually revenge films in which the legal system fails protagonists, leading them to become vigilantes. The vigilante film has in recent years often crossed over with the superhero genre, due to character origin stories frequently involving an injustice having been committed against them.
Don Stark
Donald Martin Stark (born July 5, 1954) is an American actor known for his role as Bob Pinciotti on the Fox Network sitcom That '70s Show for all eight seasons (1998–2006) and fictional Los Angeles Devils owner Oscar Kinkade in VH1's Hit the Floor, Star Trek: First Contact (1996), and John Carter (2012). He also provided the voice of Vincent in Father of the Pride (2004–2005) and voiced Rhino in Spider-Man: The Animated Series (1995-1997). He has two daughters.

Cory in the House
Cory in the House is an American television sitcom which aired on the Disney Channel from January 12, 2007, to September 12, 2008, and was a spin-off from the Disney Channel series That's So Raven. The show focuses on Cory Baxter, who moves from San Francisco, California, to Washington, D.C. with his father, Victor Baxter, who gets a new job as the White House executive chef. The series was the first Disney Channel spin-off series, as well as the final Disney Channel series overall to be both shot and broadcast in standard definition for the entire run of the show. Reruns of the series have aired on Disney Channel and Disney XD, it also aired on the Family Channel in Canada. Raven-Symoné guest-starred in one episode, reprising her role as Raven Baxter.
Jerome High School (Jerome, Idaho)
Jerome High School is a four-year public high school located in Jerome, Idaho, the only traditional high school operated by the Jerome Joint School District #261. The school colors are black and orange and the mascot is a tiger.

Jerome, Idaho
Jerome is a city in and the county seat of Jerome County, Idaho, United States. As of the 2020 census, Jerome had a population of 12,349. The city is the county seat of Jerome County, and is part of the Twin Falls Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is the second largest city in Idaho's Magic Valley region, second only to Twin Falls which is located 10 miles (16 km) southeast. Jerome's economy is largely agrarian, with dairy farming being one of the main revenue sources for the local economy.
Buuri Constituency
Buuri Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of nine constituencies in Meru County. The constituency was split from North Imenti Constituency. It has an area of 69.21 km².

Buuri Constituency contains five county assembly wards: Timau, Kisima, Kiirua/Naari, Ruiri/Rwarera and Kibirichia.

Elijah Thuranira was the assembly member from Kibirichia, Martin Kimathi Muriungi is from Timau, Joy Karambu is from Kisima, Peter Kalembe was from Ruiri. Jennifer Makena Murogocho is the MCA Kiirua-Naari ward from 2022.

Constituencies of Kenya
The constituencies of Kenya are used to elect members of the National Assembly, the lower chamber of the Kenyan Parliament. In accordance with Article 89 of the 2010 Constitution of Kenya, there are 290 constituencies, based on a formula where these constituencies were to be delineated based on population numbers. Each constituency returns one Member of National Assembly. The constituencies are further divided into electoral wards.
Tualatin Valley Fire and Rescue
Tualatin Valley Fire & Rescue (TVF&R) is a special-purpose government fire fighting and emergency services district in the Portland metropolitan area of Oregon. Established in 1989 with a merger between Washington County Fire District 1 and the Tualatin Rural Fire Protection District, it primarily provides fire and emergency medical services in eastern Washington County, but also provides services in neighboring Multnomah, Clackamas, and Yamhill counties. It serves unincorporated areas along with the cities of Beaverton, Tigard, Tualatin, West Linn, Wilsonville, and Sherwood, among others. With over 450 firefighters and 28 fire stations, the district is the second largest fire department in the state and has an annual budget of $197 million.

Tigard, Oregon
Tigard (/ˈtaɪɡərd/ ⓘ TY-gərd) is a city in Washington County, Oregon, United States. The population was 54,539 at the 2020 census, making it the 12th most populous city in Oregon. Incorporated in 1961, the city is located south of Beaverton and north of Tualatin, and is part of the Portland metropolitan area. Interstate 5 and Oregon Route 217 are the main freeways in the city, with Oregon Route 99W and Oregon Route 210 serving as other major highways. Public transit service is provided by TriMet, via several bus routes and the WES Commuter Rail line.
USS James K. Paulding
USS James K. Paulding (DD-238) was a Clemson-class destroyer in the United States Navy during the period between World War I and World War II. She was named for former Secretary of the Navy James Kirke Paulding.

James Kirke Paulding
James Kirke Paulding (August 22, 1778 – April 6, 1860) was an American writer and, for a time, the United States Secretary of the Navy. Paulding's early writings were satirical and violently anti-British, as shown in The Diverting History of John Bull and Brother Jonathan (1812). He wrote numerous long poems and serious histories. Among his novels are Konigsmarke, the Long Finne (1823) and The Dutchman's Fireside (1831). He is best known for creating the inimitable Nimrod Wildfire, the "half horse, half alligator" in The Lion of the West (1831), and as collaborator with William Irving and Washington Irving in Salmagundi. (1807–08). Paulding was also, by the mid-1830s, an ardent and outspoken defender of slavery who later endorsed southern secession from the United States.
May Bumps 2013
The May Bumps 2013 were a set of rowing races at Cambridge University from Wednesday 12 June 2013 to Saturday 15 June 2013. The event was run as a bumps race and was the 122nd set of races in the series of May Bumps which have been held annually in mid-June in this form since 1887.

Bumps race
A bumps race is a form of rowing race in which a number of boats chase each other in single file, each crew attempting to catch and 'bump' the boat in front without being caught by the boat behind.

The form is mainly used in intercollegiate competitions at the University of Oxford since 1815, and at the University of Cambridge since 1827.

Bumps racing in eights is also found in the United Hospitals Boat Club in London between the five London medical schools and Royal Veterinary College.

Bumps racing in fours is also the format of inter-house rowing at Eton College and Shrewsbury School. It is particularly suitable where the stretch of water available is long but narrow, precluding side-by-side racing. Bumps racing gives a sharper feel of immediate competition than a head race, where boats are simply timed over a fixed course. Few rowers worldwide use rivers as narrow as the Cam or the Isis, but bumps races are also contested elsewhere.
Colintraive
Colintraive (Scottish Gaelic: Caol an t-Snàimh) is a village in Argyll and Bute, Scotland. Once the site where cattle were swum across the narrows to the Isle of Bute, the MV Loch Dunvegan — a ferry operated by Caledonian MacBrayne — now provides a link to the island.

MV Loch Dunvegan
MV Loch Dunvegan is a Caledonian Maritime Assets Limited car ferry built for the Isle of Skye crossing and now operating in the Kyles of Bute, Argyll and Bute, Scotland. She is operated by Caledonian MacBrayne (CalMac).
Dumb Waiters
Dumb Waiters is the second studio album by English New wave music pop fusion band the Korgis. It was released on Rialto Records in the UK in 1980.

The album peaked #40 at UK chart and includes the singles "Everybody's Got to Learn Sometime", UK #5, US #18, Australia #18; "If It's Alright with You Baby" UK #56; "Dumb Waiters" and "Rover's Return".

Dumb Waiters was re-issued on CD by Edsel Records in 1999.

Everybody's Got to Learn Sometime
"Everybody's Got to Learn Sometime" is a 1980 single written by James Warren and first performed by British pop band the Korgis, with Warren as the lead singer. It has subsequently been covered by numerous other artists.
Altnasheen
Altnasheen meaning either Alt na Sián, The Gorge of the Fairy Mounds or Alt na Sithin meaning the Height of the Fairies, is a townland in the civil parish of Templeport, County Cavan, Ireland. It lies in the Roman Catholic parish of Glangevlin and barony of Tullyhaw.

Glangevlin
Glangevlin (Irish: Gleann Ghaibhle, meaning 'glen of the fork') is a village in the northwest of County Cavan, Ireland. It is in the townlands of Gub (Glangevlin) and Tullytiernan, at the junction of the R200 and R207 regional roads. It is surrounded by the Cuilcagh Mountains and borders the counties of Leitrim and Fermanagh.
A large stone known as 'Maguire's chair' is deposited on the right hand side of the road, roughly 4 miles from Glangevlin village, so-called because it was supposedly the inauguration site of the Maguire clan in medieval times.

Glangevlin has a strong traditional Irish background and Irish was spoken up until the 1930s, one of the last places in Cavan where this was commonplace.

Glangevlin is also well known to have been the last place in Ireland to have a glacier lasting from the Ice age. The Cuilcagh mountains were the last affected part of the island of Ireland as well as the most western part of Europe bar Iceland.
Stan Levenson
Stanley Allen Levenson (6 February 1938 – 8 January 2016) was a Canadian sprinter. He competed in the men's 100 metres at the 1956 Summer Olympics.

He achieved success by winning the 100 m sprint at the 1961 Maccabiah Games in Israel.

1961 Maccabiah Games
The 6th Maccabiah Games were held in Tel Aviv, Israel in 1961, with 1,100 athletes from 27 countries competing in 18 sports. The Games were officially opened in an Opening Ceremony on August 29, 1961, in Ramat Gan Stadium by Israeli president Yitzhak Ben-Zvi before a crowd of 30,000. The closing ceremony took place on September 5, 1961, at the stadium before a crowd of 40,000, with Israeli prime minister David Ben Gurion telling the crowd that he hoped that in the future athletes from North Africa, Poland, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and the Soviet Union would also compete. The United States won 58 gold medals, Israel won 28 gold medals, and South Africa was third with 11 gold medals. American sportscaster Mel Allen narrated a film about the 1961 Games.
Næsbyholm
Næsbyholm is a manor house and estate located east of Tybjerg Lake, between Sorø and Glumsø, in Næstved Municipality, some 70 km (43 mi) southwest of Copenhagen, Denmark. Since 1610, Næsbyholm and Bavelse have had the same owners. The three-winged Dutch Renaissance-style main building was reconstructed after fires in 1932 and 1947, incorporating elements from 1585. It is now used as a venue for weddings, conferences and other events. The scenic park was laid out in the 18th century. The Næsbyholm-Bavelse estate covers 1,424 hectares (3,520 acres) of land (2012), of which approximately half is forest.

Glumsø
Glumsø is a railway town, with a population of 2,249 (1.January 2025), located on the southern part of Zealand in Denmark. Until 1.January 2007 it was the seat of Suså Municipality.

Glumsø Station is located in Glumsø, serving the Sydbanen line. The station was heavily redesigned in late 2009.
Comparison of file transfer protocols
This article lists communication protocols that are designed for file transfer over a telecommunications network.

Protocols for shared file systems—such as 9P and the Network File System—are beyond the scope of this article, as are file synchronization protocols.

File transfer
File transfer is the transmission of a computer file through a communication channel from one computer system to another. Typically, file transfer is mediated by a communications protocol. In the history of computing, numerous file transfer protocols have been designed for different contexts.
Carlsburg, Weser
Carlsburg (also Carolus-Stadt or Carolsburg) was a 17th-century fortified town in Swedish Bremen-Verden at the confluence of the Weser and Geeste rivers, at the site of modern Bremerhaven, Germany. Planned to compete with Bremen, the settlement did not prosper.

After the Thirty Years' War, the Swedish Empire gained the Lower Saxon Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen as a Swedish dominion. The status of the city of Bremen however was uncertain, and Sweden was unable to gain control of the town in two subsequent wars, 1654 and 1666. As Bremen itself was out of reach, a new town was built nearby, named Carlsburg after the Swedish king Charles XI.

The town was planned by Stockholm architect Nicodemus Tessin the Elder. Tessin planned the public buildings and streets. He designated 300 to 456 building grounds for houses. Constructions began on 11 June 1672.

Swedish wars on Bremen
The Swedish wars on Bremen were fought between the Swedish Empire and the Hanseatic town of Bremen in 1654 and 1666. Bremen claimed to be subject to the Holy Roman Emperor, maintaining Imperial immediacy, while Sweden claimed Bremen to be a mediatised part of her dominions of Bremen-Verden, themselves territories immediately beneath the emperor. Sweden was able to gain some territory, but despite forcing a formal oath of allegiance on Bremen, did not gain control of the town.
Eshkol Nevo
Eshkol Nevo (Hebrew: אשכול נבו; born 28 February 1971) is an Israeli writer who has published a collection of short stories, five novels and a work of non-fiction. One of his novels, Homesick, was awarded the Book Publishers Association Gold Prize (2005) and the FFI-Raymond Wallier Prize at the Salon du Livre (Paris, 2008). In 2008, Eshkol was awarded membership in the Israel Cultural Excellence Foundation (IcExcellence), one of the country's highest recognitions for excellence in the arts.

Israel Cultural Excellence Foundation
The Israel Cultural Excellence Foundation (IcExcellence) is a private cultural foundation which aims to identify, nurture, and support Israel's most outstanding artists.

The foundation locates Israeli artists with potential for excellence in a wide variety of artistic fields, including visual arts, music (classical, jazz, and Israeli), dance, theater, cinema, product design, visual communication, fashion design, and writing. The foundation supports its chosen artists for a period of up to five years.
Soeiro Viegas
Soeiro Viegas (died 29 January 1233) was the bishop of Lisbon from 1211 until his death. He is most notable for launching the successful siege of Alcácer do Sal in 1217. He spent eight or more years of his episcopate in Rome, where he was on behalf of King Afonso II in 1211–1212 and attending the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215–1216. He was there litigating his own troubles in 1223 and 1226–1231. The first seven years of his episcopate were characterized by good relations with the crown, but the rest of his episcopate was characterized by conflict. He was exiled from his diocese for a time in 1223–1224.

Patriarchate of Lisbon
The Metropolitan Patriarchate of Lisbon (Latin: Patriarchatus Metropolitæ Olisiponensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or patriarchal archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Lisbon, the capital of Portugal.

Its archiepiscopal see is the Patriarchal Cathedral of St. Mary Major, in Lisbon. The patriarchate also has three minor basilicas: the Basilica of Our Lady of the Martyrs and Basilica of the Most Sacred Heart of Jesus in Estrela, both in Lisbon; the Basilica of Our Lady and St. Anthony in Mafra; and two World Heritage Site monasteries: the Monastery of the Hieronymites, in Lisbon, and the Monastery of Saint Mary of Alcobaça, in Alcobaça.