hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
AIK
Allmänna Idrottsklubben (English: the Public Sports Club), usually referred to as just AIK and internationally known as AIK Stockholm, is a professional sports club from Stockholm, Sweden. Founded in 1891, at the downtown address of Biblioteksgatan 8 in the district of Norrmalm, the club is the largest in Scandinavia. The club's achievements include Swedish championship titles in a slew of sports: football, ice hockey, floorball, bandy, handball, bowling, badminton, athletics, and many other sports, as well as the Wimbledon Championships and French Open in tennis (through Sven Davidson, Lennart Bergelin, and Ulf Schmidt).

Ulf Schmidt
Ulf "Uffe" Christian Johan Schmidt (born 12 July 1934) is a former Swedish tennis player. He competed for AIK from Stockholm.

He won 14 singles' tournaments, among them the International Swedish Championships in Båstad in 1957 and 1961. In 1958 he and Sven Davidson won the doubles event in Wimbledon after defeating the top seeds Ashley Cooper and Neale Fraser in the final. They were the only Swedish winners before the Borg era.

His best singles result at a Grand Slam tournament was reaching the semifinal at the 1958 U.S. National Championships. Schmidt was unseeded and defeated third-seeded Ham Richardson in the fourth round before losing to first-seeded Mal Anderson in the semifinal. At the Wimbledon Championships he reached the quarterfinals in 1956 and 1957.

Schmidt was ranked World No. 8 for 1958 by Lance Tingay of The Daily Telegraph (and No. 10 in 1961).

He played 102 Davis Cup matches for Sweden (1955–1964) and won 66 of them.
Árpád Doppler
Árpád Doppler (5 June 1857 – 13 August 1927) was a Hungarian-German composer.

He was born in Budapest, the son of Karl Doppler, and he studied at the Conservatory of Stuttgart. From 1880 to 1883 he was a teacher at the Grand Conservatory in New York City, after which he returned to the German Empire in order to teach at the Conservatory in Stuttgart. From 1889, he was also a choir leader at the court opera in Stuttgart.

He composed several works for piano and for orchestra, choral works, lieder, and operas. His comic opera Halixula was first performed in 1891 at the court opera in Stuttgart; Viel Lärm um Nichts, based on Much Ado about Nothing, had its first performance in Leipzig in 1896.

His compositional style is reminiscent at times of Edvard Grieg.

He died in Stuttgart in 1927.

Much Ado About Nothing
Much Ado About Nothing is a comedy by William Shakespeare thought to have been written in 1598 and 1599. The play was included in the First Folio, published in 1623.

The play is set in Messina and revolves around two romantic pairings that emerge when a group of soldiers arrive in the town. The first, between Claudio and Hero, is nearly scuppered by the accusations of the villain, Don John. The second, between Claudio's friend Benedick and Hero's cousin Beatrice, takes centre stage as the play continues, with both characters' wit and banter providing much of the humour.

Through "noting" (sounding like "nothing" and meaning gossip, rumour, overhearing), Benedick and Beatrice are tricked into confessing their love for each other, and Claudio is tricked into believing that Hero is not a maiden (virgin). The title's play on words references the secrets and trickery that form the backbone of the play's comedy, intrigue, and action.
De Finetti diagram
A de Finetti diagram is a ternary plot used in population genetics. It is named after the Italian statistician Bruno de Finetti (1906–1985) and is used to graph the genotype frequencies of populations, where there are two alleles and the population is diploid. It is based on an equilateral triangle, and Viviani's theorem: the sum of the perpendicular distances from any interior point to the sides of said triangle is a constant equal to the length of the triangle's altitude.

Bruno de Finetti
Bruno de Finetti (13 June 1906 – 20 July 1985) was an Italian probabilist statistician and actuary, noted for the "operational subjective" conception of probability. The classic exposition of his distinctive theory is the 1937 "La prévision: ses lois logiques, ses sources subjectives", which discussed probability founded on the coherence of betting odds and the consequences of exchangeability.
Charles Seeger
Charles Louis Seeger Jr. (December 14, 1886 – February 7, 1979) was an American musicologist, composer, teacher, and folklorist. He was the husband of the composer Ruth Crawford Seeger, father of the American folk singers Pete Seeger, Peggy Seeger, and Mike Seeger; and brother of the World War I poet Alan Seeger and children's author and educator Elizabeth Seeger.

Elizabeth Seeger
Elizabeth Seeger (1889 – November 1, 1973) was an American children's author and educator. Her first book, Pageant of Chinese History, was a Newbery Honor recipient in 1935. She taught for many years at the Dalton School, eventually becoming director of the high school division.
Oliver Mack
Oliver Mack (born June 6, 1957) is an American former professional basketball player. Born in New York City, he was a 6-foot-3-inch (191 cm), 185-pound (84 kg) shooting guard. He played college basketball for East Carolina Pirates.

East Carolina Pirates men's basketball
The East Carolina Pirates men's basketball team represents East Carolina University in NCAA Division I college basketball and competes in the American Athletic Conference. The Pirates are coached by Mike Schwartz. They play their games at Williams Arena at Minges Coliseum. East Carolina has appeared twice in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament, most recently in 1993.
2011–12 Akron Zips men's basketball team
The 2011–12 Akron Zips men's basketball team represented the University of Akron during the 2011–12 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Zips, led by eighth year head coach Keith Dambrot, played their home games at James A. Rhodes Arena and were members of the East Division of the Mid-American Conference. The Zips finished the season 22–12, 13–3 in MAC play to finish as East Division champions and overall regular season champions. Akron failed to win the MAC tournament losing in the championship game to Ohio. As regular season champions, the Zips received an automatic bid into the National Invitation Tournament where they lost in the first round to Northwestern.

2011–12 Ohio Bobcats men's basketball team
The 2011–12 Ohio Bobcats men's basketball team represented Ohio University during the 2011–12 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Bobcats, led by fourth year head coach John Groce, played their home games at the Convocation Center and are members of the East Division of the Mid-American Conference. They finished the season 29–8, 11–5 in MAC play to finish in third place in the East Division. They were champions of the MAC Basketball tournament and earned an automatic bid into the 2012 NCAA tournament where the 13th seeded Bobcats defeated Michigan in the second round and South Florida in the third round to advance to school's first Sweet Sixteen since 1964. They lost in the Sweet Sixteen to top-seed North Carolina in overtime. After the season Groce accepted the head coach position at Illinois
See Here, Private Hargrove (film)
See Here, Private Hargrove is a 1944 black-and-white comedy film from MGM, produced by George Haight, directed by Wesley Ruggles, and starring Robert Walker, Donna Reed, and Keenan Wynn. The film was adapted from the 1942 memoir of the same name by Marion Hargrove.

The film was followed by a 1945 sequel, What Next, Corporal Hargrove?, which followed Hargrove to France.

Robert Walker (actor, born 1918)
Robert Hudson Walker (October 13, 1918 – August 28, 1951) was an American actor who starred as the villain in Alfred Hitchcock's thriller Strangers on a Train (1951), which was released shortly before his premature death.

He started in youthful boy-next-door roles, often as a World War II soldier. One of these roles was opposite his first wife, Jennifer Jones, in the World War II epic Since You Went Away (1944). He also played Jerome Kern in Till the Clouds Roll By. Twice divorced by 30, he was an alcoholic and mentally ill, which were exacerbated by his painful separation and divorce from Jones.
Pre-Tridentine Mass
Pre-Tridentine Mass refers to the evolving and regional forms of the Catholic Mass in the West from antiquity to 1570.  The basic structure solidified early and has been preserved, as well as important prayers such as the Roman Canon.

Following the Council of Trent's desire for standardization, Pope Pius V, with his bull Quo primum, made the Roman Missal obligatory throughout the Latin Church, except for those places and congregations whose distinct rites could demonstrate an antiquity of two hundred years or more.

In the 1500s, the Pre-Tridentine Roman Rite became the basis for the Evangelical-Lutheran Rite of the Mass.

Text and rubrics of the Roman Canon
The text and rubrics of the Roman Canon have undergone revisions over the centuries, while the canon itself has retained its essential form as arranged no later than the 7th century. However, there have been changes between the 1962 and 1970 versions outside of the preface and the Sanctus, specifically the 1902 English version of Nicholas Gihr's The Holy Sacrifice of the Mass (1902), and the version of the text from 1970.
The rubrics, as is customary in similar liturgical books, indicate the manner in which to carry out the celebration.
Ken Talbot
Ken Talbot (26 August 1950 – 19 June 2010) was an Australian mining executive, he was the principal shareholder and former CEO of the Macarthur Coal Ltd mining company. He was the only child of Norman and Nita Talbot (née McIntyre). Talbot temporarily stood down as the CEO of the Macarthur Group Companies when he became embroiled in a controversy involving loans to controversial Labor MP Gordon Nuttall, who was jailed for corruption in July 2009. At the time of his death, he was a shareholder in Western Australian mining company Sundance Resources.

On 19 January 2007, the Queensland Crime and Misconduct Commission charged Talbot with corruptly making payments totalling close to $360,000 to Nuttall. He was due to face court in Brisbane on 30 August 2010 on 35 charges relating to corruption.

Gordon Nuttall
Gordon Richard Nuttall (13 June 1953 – 9 May 2025) was an Australian politician who represented Sandgate in the Queensland Parliament from 1992 to 2006.
He was a member of the Labor Party and served as a minister in the Beattie Ministry from 2001 to 2005. In 2009, he was found guilty of corruptly receiving secret commissions during his time in office and jailed for seven years. In 2010, he was found guilty of five charges of official corruption and five charges of perjury and, ultimately, jailed for an additional seven years, the longest jail term for corruption handed to a Commonwealth politician. He was released on parole in July 2015.
Giovanni Cavalli
Giovanni Cavalli (Novara, 23 July 1808 – Turin, 23 December 1879) was an Italian lieutenant general, artillerist and inventor. He is credited with the creation of the first successful rifled breech loader gun.

Rifled breech loader
A rifled breech loader (RBL) is an artillery piece which, unlike the smoothbore cannon and rifled muzzle loader which preceded it, has rifling in the barrel and is loaded from the breech at the rear of the gun.

The spin imparted by the gun's rifling gives projectiles directional stability and increased range. Loading from the rear of the gun leaves the crew less exposed to enemy fire, allows smaller gun emplacements or turrets, and allows a faster rate of fire.

These rapidly improving breech systems and the powerful new guns they facilitated led to an arms race in fortification and ironclad warship design that led to the battleship class of HMS Dreadnought and continued until the start of World War I.
John W. Wydler
John Waldemar Wydler (June 9, 1924 – August 4, 1987) was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives from New York.

Wydler was born in Brooklyn. He served in the United States Army Air Corps from 1942 until 1945. He graduated from Brown University in 1947 and Harvard Law School in 1950. He served in the United States attorney's office for the Eastern District of New York from 1953 until 1959. He was elected to Congress in 1962 and served from January 3, 1963, until January 3, 1981. He was a delegate to the 1968 Republican National Convention.

On December 24, 1987, the U.S. Post Office at Garden City, New York was named in his honor.  In addition, the John W. Wydler Government Documents Depository, Axinn Library, at Hofstra University, was also dedicated to him. Wydler is buried in the Cemetery of the Holy Rood in Westbury, New York.

United States Post Office (Garden City, New York)
US Post Office-Garden City is a historic post office building located at Garden City in the town of Hempstead, Nassau County, New York, United States. It was built in 1936 and designed by consulting architects Walker & Gillette for the Office of the Supervising Architect.  It is a one-story, square brick building on a granite in the Classical Revival style.  The lobby features a 1937 mural by J. Theodore Johnson titled "Huckleberry Frolic." On December 24, 1987, the building was named in honor of former Congressman John W. Wydler (1924-1987).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.
Hugh de Roxburgh
Hugh (or Hugo) de Roxburgh (or Hugo Cancellarius) was a late 12th century Chancellor of Scotland and bishop of Glasgow. He was rector of Tullibody and later Archdeacon of St. Andrews. He was elected to the see soon after the death of his predecessor Jocelin. However, it is probable that he was not consecrated, because he died on 10 July 1199, less than four months after his election. He was buried at Jedburgh Abbey.

Archdeacon of St Andrews
The Archdeacon of St Andrews was the head of the Archdeaconry of St Andrews, a subdivision of the Diocese of St Andrews, from the 12th to the 17th century. The position was one of the most important positions within the medieval Scottish church; because of his area's large population and high number of parish churches, the Archdeacon of St Andrews may have exercised more power than many Scottish bishops. The following is a list of known archdeacons:
BFC Viktoria 1889
Berliner Fußball-Club Viktoria 1889 was a German sports club based in the Tempelhof district of Berlin. Football, rugby, and cricket came to continental Europe in the late 19th century, and these "English games" became immediately popular in many countries. Viktoria was the oldest club in Germany that had teams playing both football and cricket. It was one of the founding members of the German Football Association (DFB) in Leipzig in 1900. The club merged with Lichterfelder FC in 2013 and has continued as FC Viktoria 1889 Berlin.

Oberliga Berlin (1945–1963)
The Oberliga Berlin (English: Premier league Berlin), sometimes also referred to as Stadtliga Berlin (English: City league Berlin) or Vertragsliga Berlin (English: Contract league Berlin) was the highest level of the German football league system in the city of West Berlin in West Germany from 1945 until the formation of the Bundesliga in 1963. It was by far the smallest of the five Oberligas.
Castle Menzies
Castle Menzies in Scotland is the ancestral seat of the Clan Menzies and the Menzies Baronets. It is located a little to the west of the small village of Weem, near Aberfeldy in the Highlands of Perthshire, close to the former site of Weem Castle, destroyed c. 1502.

Weem
Weem (Scottish Gaelic: Baile a' Chlachain) is a village on the B846 near Aberfeldy in Perthshire, Scotland.
The name Weem is derived from the Gaelic uamh, meaning 'cave'.

Nearby is Castle Menzies. One of Scotland's best-preserved 16th-century castles, Castle Menzies is the seat of Clan Menzies.  Looked after by a private preservation trust, the Castle and grounds are open to visitors in summer (entrance charge).

The Old Parish Church of Weem, of medieval origin, contains the funerary monuments of the Menzies family from the 16th century, and the heraldic hatchments carried at their funerals.  Key from neighbouring cottage.

There are two pubs in Weem, the Ailean Chraggan and the Weem Inn.
Nina Jacobson
Nina Jacobson (born September 15, 1965) is an American film executive who, until July 2006, was president of the Buena Vista Motion Pictures Group, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company. With Dawn Steel, Gail Berman and Sherry Lansing, she was one of the last of a handful of women to head a Hollywood film studio since the 1980s. She established her own production company called Color Force in 2007, and was the producer of The Hunger Games film series.

Women in Film Honors
The Women in Film Honors (also known as WIF Honors; formerly Women in Film Crystal + Lucy Awards)—first presented in 1977 by the now–Los Angeles chapter of the Women in Film organization—are presented to honor women in communications and media. The awards include the Crystal Award, the Lucy Award, the Dorothy Arzner Directors Award, the MaxMara Face of the Future Award, and the Kodak Vision Award.
Prodrive WRC Team
The Prodrive WRC Team, formerly known as the Mini WRC Team was the name given to the World Rally Championship (WRC) team run by Prodrive a British based motorsport corporation. Prodrive developed the car, the Mini John Cooper Works WRC, in cooperation with MINI.

Mini John Cooper Works WRC
The Mini John Cooper Works WRC is a World Rally Car debuted by the Mini WRC Team during the 2011 World Rally Championship season. It is the first rally car to bear the Mini label in top-level rallying since the 1960s. The car was entered in a limited campaign for 2011, with a view to a complete championship from 2012 and was run by Prodrive, who previously had success with the Subaru Impreza WRC.

The WRC is based on the Mini Countryman and features a direct-injection 1.6 L turbocharged inline four-cylinder engine. The WRC's engine was developed by BMW Motorsport for use in a variety of motorsport series, including the FIA World Touring Car Championship.
Agencia Carabobeña de Noticias
The Agencia Carabobeña de Noticias (ACN; Carabobo's News Agency) is a Venezuelan news agency, founded on September 17, 2009, by the journalist Daniel Rios Mendoza. The center of the agency is Valencia, capital of the Carabobo State of Venezuela.

Valencia, Venezuela
Valencia (Spanish pronunciation: [baˈlensja]) is the capital city of Carabobo State and the third-largest city in Venezuela.

The city is an economic hub that contains Venezuela's top industries and manufacturing companies. It is also the largest city in the Valencia-Maracay metropolitan region, which with a population of about 4.5 million is the country's second largest after that of Caracas. Caracas lies some 172 kilometres (107 miles) away to the east.
Pusa Basmati 1121
Pusa Basmati 1121 is an independently derived Basmati rice variety, evolved through the process of hybridization over a long breeding process. This variety of basmati rice was developed by Padma Shri awardee Dr Vijaipal Singh at Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi. It was released for commercial cultivation in Kharif season of 2003 as Pusa 1121 (Pusa Sugandh 4). By 2007, the variety has become widely popular with farmers, and was renamed as Pusa Basmati 1121 in 2008. It holds the world record for highest kernel elongation on cooking.

Vijaipal Singh
Vijaipal Singh (born 17 January 1945) in Narsan Kalan, Haridwar District of Uttarakhand State, India is an Agricultural scientist associated with the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR) and is known for his contributions to the science of rice genetics and breeding. He is well known for his contributions in developing the most popular Basmati rice variety, Pusa Basmati 1121. A post graduate and a doctoral degree (PhD) holder in Agriculture Botany from Agra University, he started his career as a research assistant at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi in 1968 and retired as a  professor at the Division of Genetics, IARI. Singh is credited with several articles published in peer reviewed journals. In recognition of his services to the nation, he was honored by the Government of India, in 2012, with the fourth highest Indian civilian award of Padma Shri.
Fossilization (linguistics)
In linguistic morphology, fossilization refers to two close notions. One is preserving of ancient linguistic features which have lost their grammatical functions in language. Another is loss of productivity of a grammatical paradigm (e.g. of an affix), which still remains in use in some words.

Examples of fossilization include fossilized morphemes and fossil words.

The term interlanguage fossilization refers to common types of errors made by most adult second-language learners, differing from the idiomatic usage of native-language learners. These are erroneous generalizations or simplified language rules, which may be classified as phonological fossilization, lexical fossilization, syntactic fossilization and pragmatic fossilization. These errors occur regardless of exposure to the language or education level.

Fossil word
A fossil word is a word that is broadly obsolete but remains in use due to its presence in an idiom or phrase. An example of a word is 'ado' in 'much ado'. An example of a phrase is 'in point' (relevant), which is found in the phrases 'case in point' (or 'case on point' in the legal context) and 'in point of fact', but is rarely used outside of a legal context.
Arnold Carter
Arnold Lee Carter (March 14, 1918 – April 12, 1989) was an American Major League Baseball pitcher who played for the Cincinnati Reds in 1944 and 1945.  The 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m), 170 lb (77 kg) left-hander was a native of Rainelle, West Virginia.

Rainelle, West Virginia
Rainelle is a town on the western edge of Greenbrier County, West Virginia, United States. It sits at the base of Sewell Mountain and Sims Mountain, and is bisected by the Meadow River. The only means of transportation to and from Rainelle are roads; primarily US 60 and WV 20, which merge on the western end of the town, and the James River and Kanawha Turnpike, which enters from the south. The population was 1,190 at the 2020 census.
Man of Gold (film)
Man of Gold (Hungarian: Az aranyember) is a 1919 Hungarian silent drama film directed by Alexander Korda and starring Oszkár Beregi, Gábor Rajnay and Margit Makay. The movie is based on the novel The Man with the Golden Touch by Mór Jókai.

Mór Jókai
Móricz Jókay of Ásva [ˈmoːr ˈjoːkɒi] (18 February 1825 – 5 May 1904), known as Mór Jókai, was a Hungarian novelist, dramatist and revolutionary. Outside of Hungary, he was also known as Maurice Jókai or Maurus Jókai or Mauritius Jókai. He was a leader of the outbreak of the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 in Pest. His romantic novels became widely popular among the elite of Victorian England, where he was often compared to Charles Dickens by the press. One of his most famous admirers was Queen Victoria herself.