hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Type III secretion system
The type III secretion system (T3SS or TTSS) is one of the bacterial secretion systems used by bacteria to secrete their effector proteins into host cells to promote virulence and colonisation. While the type III secretion system has been widely regarded as equivalent to the injectisome, many argue that the injectisome is only part of the type III secretion system, which also include structures like the flagellar export apparatus. The T3SS is a needle-like protein complex found in several species of pathogenic gram-negative bacteria.

Xanthomonas
Xanthomonas (from greek: xanthos – "yellow"; monas – "entity") is a genus of bacteria, many of which cause plant diseases. There are at least 27 plant associated Xanthomonas spp., that all together infect at least 400 plant species. Different species typically have specific host and/or tissue range and colonization strategies.
Theodore G. Jenes Jr.
Theodore G. Jenes Jr. (February 21, 1930 – May 2, 2023) was a lieutenant general in the United States Army. He was the commanding general of United States Army Central from 1984 to 1987 as well as Deputy Commanding General of United States Army Forces Command. Previously he served as Chief of Staff of the Eighth Army and Deputy Commander of the Combined Arm Combat Developments Activity at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. Jenes earned a B.S. degree from the University of Georgia and an M.S. degree from Auburn University. He died on May 2, 2023, at the age of 93.

United States Army Central
The United States Army Central, formerly the Third United States Army, commonly referred to as the Third Army and as ARCENT, is a military formation of the United States Army that saw service in World War I and World War II, in the 1991 Gulf War, and in the coalition occupation of Iraq. It is best known for its campaigns in World War II under the command of General George S. Patton.

The Third Army is headquartered at Shaw Air Force Base, South Carolina with a forward element at Camp Arifjan, Kuwait. It serves as the echelon above corps for the Army component of CENTCOM, whose area of responsibility (AOR) includes Southwest Asia, around 20 countries of the world, in Africa, Asia, and the Persian Gulf.
Bănești, Prahova
Bănești is a commune in Prahova County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Bănești and Urleta.

The commune is situated at the northern edge of the Wallachian Plain, at an altitude of 395 m (1,296 ft), in the foothills of the Southern Carpathians. It lies on the banks of the Prahova River and its left tributary, the Doftana River. It is located in the western part of Prahova County, just south of the city of Câmpina and 28 km (17 mi) northwest of the county seat, Ploiești. Bănești is crossed by national road DN1, which links Bucharest, 88 km (55 mi) to the south, with the northwestern part of the country.

On September 13, 1913, Aurel Vlaicu died on the outskirts of Bănești, crashing his A Vlaicu II plane while attempting to be the first to fly across the Carpathian Mountains.

Prahova (river)
The Prahova is a river of Southern Romania, which rises from the Bucegi Mountains, in the Southern Carpathians. It is a left tributary of the  Ialomița. It flows into the Ialomița in Dridu Snagov. The upper reach of the river, upstream of the confluence with the river Azuga is sometimes called the Prahovița.

It has a length of 193 km (120 mi), of which 6 km (3.7 mi) are in Brașov County, 161 km (100 mi) are in Prahova County and the last 16 km (9.9 mi) are in Ialomița County.

The basin of the Prahova covers 3,738 km2 (1,443 sq mi), which is about 75% of the area of Prahova County.
Laura Dahlmeier
Laura Dahlmeier (German: [ˈlaʊʁa ˈdaːlˌmaɪɐ] ⓘ; 22 August 1993 – 28 July 2025) was a German biathlete. Dahlmeier started in her first World Cup races in the 2012–13 season. In 2014, she participated in the Winter Olympics in Sochi. She won a record of five gold medals at the World Championships of 2017. In 2018, she became the first woman to win the biathlon sprint and pursuit in the same Olympics. During her career she won a total of two golds and one bronze at the Olympics, seven gold medals, three silver medals and five bronze medals at World Championships, one overall World Cup and two discipline World Cup titles.

Dahlmeier announced her retirement from competition in May 2019, at the age of 25. She died on 28 July 2025 in a mountaineering accident in northern Pakistan.

Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Garmisch-Partenkirchen (German pronunciation: [ˈɡaʁmɪʃ paʁtn̩ˈkɪʁçn̩] ⓘ; Bavarian: Garmasch-Partakurch) is an Alpine ski town in Bavaria, southern Germany. It is the seat of government of the district of Garmisch-Partenkirchen (abbreviated GAP), in the Oberbayern region, which borders Austria. Nearby is Germany's highest mountain, Zugspitze, at 2,962 metres (9,718 ft) above sea level.

The town is known as the site of the 1936 Winter Olympic Games, the first to include alpine skiing, and hosts a variety of winter sports competitions.
María Teresa Tula
María Teresa Tula (born 23 April 1951) is a Salvadoran political writer and activist associated with the group COMADRES. This group supports those who have been subjected to forced disappearance or political assassination in El Salvador.

COMADRES
COMADRES (CoMadres) is the group of mothers and family members of disappeared, imprisoned political prisoners in El Salvador. They are known for their impactful protests throughout the Salvadoran Civil War which in turn allowed them to receive international attention. They continued to organize and fight against injustices even after the Civil War.
Kuchuk (river)
The Kuchuk (Russian: Кучук) is a river in Altai Krai, Russia. The river is 121 kilometres (75 mi) long and has a catchment area of 1,020 square kilometres (390 sq mi).

The basin of the river is located in the Rodinsky and Blagoveshchensky districts. There are a number of villages near its banks, such as Nizhny Kuchuk, Stepnoy Kuchuk, Kayaushka, Novotroitsk, Voznesenka and Tsentralnoye. The ghost-town of Verkh-Nezamay is also located by the river. Founded in 1910, it was abolished in 2003.

Stepnoy Kuchuk
Stepnoy Kuchuk (Russian: Степной Кучук) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Stepno-Kuchuksky Selsoviet, Rodinsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 1,040 as of 2013. There are 7 streets.
Collingwood, Ontario
Collingwood is a town in Simcoe County, Ontario, Canada. It is situated on Nottawasaga Bay at the southern point of Georgian Bay. Collingwood is well known as a tourist destination, for its skiing in the winter, and limestone caves along the Niagara Escarpment in the summer.

Simcoe County
Simcoe County is a county and census division located in the central region of Ontario, Canada. The county is located north of the Greater Toronto Area, and forms the northwestern edge of the Golden Horseshoe. The county seat is located in Midhurst. The cities of Barrie and Orillia are geographically within Simcoe County, but are both politically independent single-tier municipalities.
Errors Excepted
Errors Excepted is an 1807 comedy play by the British writer Thomas Dibdin. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Haymarket in London on 13 August 1807. The original cast included Charles Mayne Young as Frank Woodland, John Fawcett as Commodore Convoy, Charles Mathews as Lawyer Verdict, John Waddy as Mr Grumley, William Chapman as Old Mannerly, Vincent De Camp as Young Mannerly, Mr. Carles as Gabriel Invioice, John Liston as Richard, Harriett Litchfield as Sylvia, Jane Powell as Betty Barnes, Sarah Liston as Mrs Hall and Maria Gibbs as Fanny Freeman.

Vincent De Camp
Vincent De Camp (1777-1839) was a British stage actor.

Of Austrian background, he was the younger brother of the actress Maria Theresa Kemble. He first appeared at Drury Lane in 1792, and joined the company in 1794. He also appeared regularly at the Haymarket Theatre. From 1814 he appeared in provincial theatres and then emigrated to North America where he died, possibly in Texas.
Apple Tape Backup 40SC
The Apple Tape Backup 40SC is an external, SCSI-interfaced, 1⁄4-inch (6.35 mm) QIC, mini-cartridge tape drive. It was first introduced by Apple Inc. in 1987 and discontinued in 1994. The drive came bundled with Retrospect backup software.  The drive is also compatible with the tape software included with A/UX.

Retrospect (software)
Retrospect is a family of software applications that back up computers running the macOS, Microsoft Windows, and Linux (and until 2019 classic Mac OS) operating systems.  It uses the client–server backup model.

The product is focused on the small and medium enterprise (SME) market. It performs three types of backup: "A Recycle backup deletes a backup set and adds all files, and a New Media backup creates a new backup set, copying all the files not included. Again this represents all files. Once installed, scripts can also be introduced to enable Scheduled backup using predetermined information supplied by the administrator. This information contains source, destination and other criteria, which enables a backup session to scan and back up one volume at a time, requiring less memory than an immediate backup."

The product is used for GUI-scripted backup.
Adèle Dumont d'Urville
Adèle Dorothée Dumont d'Urville (French pronunciation: [adɛl dɔʁɔte dymɔ̃ dyʁvil]; née Pépin, also spelled as  Adélie , 1798 – 8 May 1842) was the wife of French explorer Jules Dumont d'Urville, after whom Adélie Land, Adele Island, Adélie penguin and Cape Pepin are named. While Adélie Land, Adele Island and Cape Pepin were named by Jules Dumont d'Urville in honor of his wife, the penguin was named after Adélie Land where it was discovered. In 1981, an airmail postage stamp of the French Antarctic Territory featuring Adèle Dumont d'Urville was released.

Motuareronui / Adele Island
Motuareronui / Adele Island is a small island off the coast of the South Island of New Zealand. It is contained within Abel Tasman National Park. The navigator and botanist Jules Dumont d'Urville charted the island in 1827.

In the 1850s, the island and nearby Fisherman Island were purchased by a Nelson customs collector, but were later confiscated by the government due to misuse of funds. Both islands became scenic reserves in 1895.

These islands shelter the waterway known as the Astrolabe Roadstead from Tasman Bay / Te Tai-o-Aorere, making it popular with kayakers and boaties.
Algo Sucede
Algo Sucede (English: Something Happens) is the seventh studio album by Mexican singer and songwriter Julieta Venegas, released on August 14, 2015, through Ohanian and Sony Latin. It was produced by Venegas alongside Cachorro López and Yamil Rezc.

At the 16th Annual Latin Grammy Awards, the song "Ese Camino" was nominated for both Song of the Year and Record of the Year while the following year, the album was nominated for Album of the Year and won Best Pop/Rock Album at the 17th Annual Latin Grammy Awards. The album was also nominated for Best Latin Pop Album at the 58th Annual Grammy Awards.

The album was certified gold in Mexico and peaked at numbers 5 and 1 at the Top Latin Albums and Latin Pop Albums charts, respectively, being her first number one in the latter chart.

17th Annual Latin Grammy Awards
The 17th Annual Latin Grammy Awards were held on November 17, 2016 at the T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas.

The nominations were announced on September 21, 2016. Julio Reyes Copello, Djavan, Fonseca, Jesse & Joy, and Ricardo López Lalinde led with four nominations each. American singer Marc Anthony was honored as the Latin Recording Academy Person of the Year on November 16, the day prior to the Latin Grammy Awards.
Francesco Guarino
Francesco Guarino or Guarini (19 January 1611 – 23 November 1651) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, active mainly in the mountainous area east of Naples called Irpinia, and in other areas of the Kingdom of Naples, chiefly Campania, Apulia, and Molise.

Gravina in Puglia
Gravina in Puglia (Italian: [ɡraˈviːna im ˈpuʎʎa]; Barese: Gravéine [ɡraˈviːnə, ɡraˈvejnə]; Latin: Silvium; Ancient Greek: Σιλούϊον, romanized: Siloúïon) is a town and comune of the Metropolitan City of Bari, Apulia, southern Italy.

The word gravina comes from the Latin grava or from the messapic graba, with the meaning of rock, shaft and erosion of bank river. Other words that share the same root are grava, gravaglione and gravinelle. Alternatively, when the emperor Frederick II went to Gravina, because of the large extension of the lands and for the presence of wheat, he decided to give to it the motto Grana dat et vina, that is to say It offers wheat and wine. Gravina is the home of the Alta Murgia National Park.

Gravina in Puglia is a member of Cittaslow.
Amarjit Kaur
Amarjit Kaur is an Indian politician. She was a Member of Parliament and represented Punjab in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of India's Parliament as a member of the Indian National Congress political party. Her father was Ragbhir Singh, who served as Chief Minister of the former state of Patiala and East Punjab States Union. Kaur's husband was Kanwar Devinder Singh, the son of Maharaja Bhupinder Singh of Patiala. Earlier in her career, Kaur had been elected to municipal councils, was a nominated member of the Patiala Improvement Trust and had twice served as the chairperson of the Central Social Welfare Board, an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Women and Child Development.

Bhupinder Singh of Patiala
Sir Bhupinder Singh (12 October 1891 – 23 March 1938) was the Maharaja of Patiala and a cricket player. Singh's reign as Maharaja of the princely state of Patiala, in British India, lasted from 1900 to 1938. He was a member of the Phulkian dynasty. During his reign, Singh was most noted for his extravagance, contributions to sports, and for being an ally to the British Raj. Many of Singh's children married notable individuals and through his children, Singh has many notable descendants.
Waiting on the World to Change
"Waiting on the World to Change" is a song by American singer-songwriter John Mayer. It was released as the lead single from his third studio album, Continuum (2006). The song enjoyed commercial success as a single and won the Grammy for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance at the 49th Grammy Awards. It was the most played song of the year in 2007 on mainstream adult contemporary radio in the USA.

49th Annual Grammy Awards
The 49th Annual Grammy Awards was a ceremony honoring the best in music for the recording year beginning October 1, 2005, and ending September 30, 2006, in the United States. The awards were handed out on Sunday, February 11, 2007, at the Staples Center in Los Angeles. The Dixie Chicks were the night's biggest winners winning a total of five awards. Mary J. Blige received the most nominations, with eight. Don Henley was honored as MusiCares Person of the Year two nights prior to the show on February 9, 2007. The show won an Emmy for Outstanding Lighting Direction (electronic, multicamera) for VMC Programming.
Ahrntal
Ahrntal (German pronunciation: [ˈaːɐ̯ntaːl]; Italian: Valle Aurina [ˈvalle auˈriːna]) is a comune (municipality) in South Tyrol in northern Italy, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of the city of Bolzano (Bozen), near the border to  Austria.

Mühlwald
Mühlwald (German: [ˈmyːlvalt]; Italian: Selva dei Molini [ˈselva dei moˈliːni]) is a comune (municipality) and a village in South Tyrol, a province in northern Italy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northeast of Bolzano, on the border with Austria.
Merome Beard
Merome Beard is an Australian politician who represented the electoral district of North West Central in the Western Australian Legislative Assembly from 17 September 2022 to 8 March 2025. She was elected as a member of the National Party, but she resigned from the party on 31 October 2023 and joined the Liberal Party. She contested the electoral district of Mid-West at the 2025 state election, but was defeated by Nationals leader Shane Love.

Electoral district of North West Central
North West Central was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia from 2005 to 2025.

The district was mostly based in the rural north-west of Western Australia.
Esko Niemi
Esko Ilmari Niemi (11 June 1934 in Tampere, Finland – 8 November 2013) was a professional ice hockey player who played in the SM-liiga.  He played for Tappara and TPS. He was inducted into the Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame in 1985.

Tappara
Tappara (pronounced [ˈtɑpːɑrɑ]; Finnish for "Battle axe") is a Finnish professional ice hockey team playing in the SM-liiga. They play at Nokia Arena in Tampere, Finland. The team has won 20 Finnish league championships, which makes them the most successful club in Finland. The team continued the traditions of the Tammerfors Bollklub.
Boulcott
Boulcott is a central suburb of Lower Hutt, in the Wellington Region of New Zealand. The suburb lies about a kilometre north-east of the Lower Hutt CBD.

Boulcott takes its name from Almon Boulcott (1815–1880), who farmed in the area in the 1840s. His father, John Ellerker Boulcott (1784–1855), was a director of the New Zealand Company. Armed conflict took place in the area at Boulcott's Farm in 1846 during the Hutt Valley Campaign.

Two Lower Hutt hospitals; Hutt Hospital and Boulcott Hospital, lie in Boulcott.

John Ellerker Boulcott
John Ellerker Boulcott (28 December 1784 – 8 December 1855) was an English merchant and shipowner. He was a director of the London and Dublin Bank and also a director of the New Zealand Company and he served as the sheriff of Merioneth in Wales. He owned considerable land and buildings in London and other property just outside the city by the time of his death in 1855.
West Virginia Route 105
West Virginia Route 105 (abbreviated WV Route 105 or WV 105) is an east–west state highway located within Weirton, West Virginia, United States. The western terminus of the route is at West Virginia Route 2 north of downtown Weirton. The eastern terminus is at U.S. Route 22 (exit 5) in Weirton Heights, just 1/2 mile west of the Pennsylvania state line.

All but 200 yards (180 m) of WV 105 is located in Hancock County. The remaining 200 yards (180 m), comprising the U.S. 22 interchange and the north approach, is situated in Brooke County.

Most of WV 105, from the intersection of Pennsylvania Avenue and Colliers Way to the western terminus at Main Street/WV 2, was originally U.S. 22 before the Robert C. Byrd Expressway was constructed.

Brooke County, West Virginia
Brooke County is a county in the Northern Panhandle of the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,559. Its county seat is Wellsburg. The county was created in 1797 from part of Ohio County and named in honor of Robert Brooke, Governor of Virginia from 1794 to 1796. Brooke County is part of the Weirton-Steubenville, WV-OH Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Pittsburgh-New Castle-Weirton, PA-WV-OH Combined Statistical Area.
Dan Bunz
Dan Bunz (born October 7, 1955) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker for eight seasons in the National Football League (NFL) from 1978 to 1985, primarily with the San Francisco 49ers.

Bunz played at Oakmont High School, the University of California, Riverside, and California State University, Long Beach before being drafted in the first round of the 1978 NFL draft by the 49ers. He had a small role in the 1979 movie North Dallas Forty. He taught physical education at Miwok Middle School (renamed from Sutter Middle School in 2023), in Sacramento, California for over 25 years.

Oakmont High School
Oakmont High School is located at 1710 Cirby Way, in Roseville, California, United States. The school is surrounded by the communities of Citrus Heights, Rocklin, Granite Bay, and Antelope. It is one of five comprehensive high schools in the Roseville Joint Union High School District.
Gåsøyane Bird Sanctuary
Gåsøyane Bird Sanctuary (Norwegian: Gåsøyane fuglereservat) is a bird reserve at Svalbard, Norway, established in 1973. It includes Gåsøyane in Bünsow Land. The protected area covers a total area of around 2,400,000 square metres.

Gåsøyane
Gåsøyane are two small islands off Bünsow Land at Spitsbergen, Svalbard. They are located at the split of Isfjorden into the two branches Billefjorden and Sassenfjorden, about two kilometers off the headland of Gåsodden. Gåsøyane were included in the Gåsøyane Bird Sanctuary in 1973.
Lipuska Huta
Lipuska Huta [liˈpuska ˈxuta] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lipusz, within Kościerzyna County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Lipusz
Gmina Lipusz (Kashubian: Lëpùsz) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kościerzyna County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Lipusz, which lies approximately 14 kilometres (9 mi) west of Kościerzyna and 64 km (40 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 109.2 square kilometres (42.2 sq mi), and as of 2022 its total population is 3,767.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Wdydze Landscape Park.

The gmina is twinned with Madawaska Valley, Ontario, Canada.
Hafod estate
The Hafod estate, also known as Hafod Uchtryd (Welsh for 'Uchtryd summer mansion'), is a wooded and landscaped estate in the Ystwyth valley in Ceredigion, Wales. Near Devil's Bridge, Cwmystwyth and Pont-rhyd-y-groes, it is off the B4574 road. Hafod estate land was within the boundaries of the Cistercian Abbey Strata Florida (Welsh: Caron-Uwch-Clawdd). Originally a hunting lodge for Welsh Chieftains, it became home to the landed gentry and the nobility. In the late eighteenth century, a celebrated landscape was created under the ownership of Thomas Johnes.

The estate is in the parish of Llanfihangel y Creuddyn near Llanddewi-Brefi. Llanfihangel-y-Creuddyn was a chapel-of-ease in the parish. It was rebuilt for Thomas Johnes by James Wyatt in 1801. The estate shares a border along the Ystwyth with that of the Trawsgoed estate.

B4574 road
The B4574 is a road linking the villages of Pont-rhyd-y-groes in Ceredigion, Wales, and Devil's Bridge, 12 miles (19 km) east of Aberystwyth, and noted for three bridges built one above each other as well as for its falls and narrow gauge steam railway. The route is six miles (9.7 km) long, and has been described by the AA as one of the ten most scenic drives in the world

The road runs partly along a section of the upper Ystwyth valley, passing the remains of the Cwmystwyth Mines, a monumental arch built to commemorate George III's golden jubilee, and the Hafod Estate.
911 (King Giddra song)
"911 Song" was released on September 11, 2002, the one-year anniversary of the terrorist attacks on the United States, by the Japanese hip-hop group King Giddra. King Giddra released this single as part of their album Saishuu Heiki/The Final Weapon. The song delivers potent, politically charged lyrics that challenge the United States government and their role in the terrorist attacks of 9/11.

King Giddra
King Giddra was a Japanese hip hop group that started in 1993. They were signed to the indie label P-Vine Records. After a six-year hiatus, they would go on to sign with DefStar Records, a sublabel under Sony Music Entertainment Japan (SMEJ) for their second album release.