hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
François Autain
François Autain (16 June 1935 – 21 December 2019) was a French politician. Over his career, he was a member of the Communist, Republican, and Citizen Group and a member of the Left Party, prior to which he was a member of the Citizen and Republican Movement but also the PS and the PSU.

He was a member of the Senate of France, representing the Loire-Atlantique department from 1983 to 2011 and a deputy in the National Assembly from 1978 to 1981.  From 1981 to 1983, he served as a secretary of state in the governments of Pierre Mauroy in the Ministry of Solidarity and Heath and the Ministry of Defense.

Communist, Republican, Citizen and Ecologist group
The Communist, Republican, Citizen and Ecologist group (French: groupe communiste, républicain, citoyen et ecologiste) is a parliamentary group in the French Senate, the indirectly elected upper house of the French Parliament. Unlike most other parliamentary groups in the Senate, it counts mostly of only the Senators of one party, the French Communist Party, among its members.
Below and On Top
Below and On Top (1898) is a collection of short stories by Australian writer Edward Dyson. It was published by George Robertson publishers in 1898.

The collection includes 24 stories by the author, from a variety of original sources; mainly The Bulletin, The Argus, Melbourne Punch, The Antipodean and Cosmos. The title story, "Below and On Top", was published for the first time in this edition.

Edward Dyson
Edward George Dyson (4 March 1865 – 22 August 1931) was an Australian journalist, poet, playwright and short story writer. He was the elder brother of illustrators Will Dyson (1880–1938) and Ambrose Dyson (1876–1913), with three sisters also of artistic and literary praise.

Dyson wrote under several – some say many – nom-de-plumes, including Silas Snell.  In his day, the period of Australia's federation, the poet and writer was "ranked very closely to Australia's greatest short-story writer, Henry Lawson".  With Lawson known as the "swagman poet", Ogilvie the "horseman poet", Dyson was the "mining poet".  Although known as a freelance writer, he was also considered part of The Bulletin writer group.
Rheita (crater)
Rheita is a lunar impact crater located in the southwestern sector of the Moon. It was named after Czech astronomer and optician Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita. It lies to the northeast of the crater Metius, and northwest of Young. The southwestern rim overlies the edge of Vallis Rheita, a long lunar valley stretching for over 200 kilometers on a line running northeast to southwest. At its widest the valley is 25 kilometers wide and a kilometer deep.

The rim of Rheita remains well-defined with a sharp lip and a terraced inner wall. The rim overlaps a slightly smaller crater to the east, and has a pair of small impact craters in the northern wall. The crater floor is flat and it has a central peak.

Rheita is a crater of Nectarian age.

Anton Maria Schyrleus of Rheita
Anton (or Antonius) Maria Schyrleus (also Schyrl, Schyrle) of Rheita (Czech: Antonín Maria Šírek z Reity; 1604–1660) was an astronomer and optician. He developed several inverting and erecting eyepieces, and was the maker of Kepler's telescope. "Things appear more alive with the binocular telescope," he wrote, "doubly as exact so to speak, as well as large and bright. His binocular telescope is the precursor to our binoculars.
Coronation of the Virgin (Lorenzo Monaco)
The Coronation of the Virgin is a 1414 tempera-on-panel polyptych by the Italian late Gothic artist Lorenzo Monaco, centred on the subject of the Coronation of the Virgin. Once in the Camaldolese monastery of Santa Maria degli Angeli, it is now housed in the Uffizi Gallery in Florence. It is dated February 1413 which, in the Florentine calendar (which began in March), corresponded to 1414.

Santa Maria degli Angeli, Florence
Santa Maria degli Angeli (St. Mary of the Angels) is the former church of a now-defunct monastery of that name in Florence, Italy. It belonged to the Camaldolese order, which was a reformed branch of the Benedictines. The order is based on the hermitage which was founded near Arezzo in 1012 by the hermit St. Romuald at Camaldoli,  hence the name. Very little of the medieval building exists today.
Feature-oriented programming
In computer programming, feature-oriented programming (FOP) or feature-oriented software development (FOSD) is a programming paradigm for program generation in software product lines (SPLs) and for incremental development of programs.

Software product line
Software product lines (SPLs), or software product line development, refers to software engineering methods, tools and techniques for creating a collection of similar software systems from a shared set of software assets using a common means of production.

The Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute defines a software product line as "a set of software-intensive systems that share a common, managed set of features satisfying the specific needs of a particular market segment or mission and that are developed from a common set of core assets in a prescribed way."
Mauro Nervi
Mauro Nervi (born 1959) is an Italian poet in the Esperanto language.

Nervi was born in La Spezia, a port town in northern Italy. A student of medicine, he gained his M.D. as a general surgeon. Since 1984 he has worked in the department of surgery at the University of Pisa. Afterwards, he received a Ph.D. in 1994 in German and a Ph.D. in classical literature in 1999 from the same university. Since 1995 he has written critical material on Kafka, Goethe, Kleist and Holderlin in cooperation with the Department of German Studies.

Nervi married with Angela in 1992 and has two daughters, Serena (2002) and Dorabella (2005). He is now interested in philosophy and logic.

University of Pisa
The University of Pisa (Italian: Università di Pisa, UniPi) is a public research university in Pisa, Italy. Founded in 1343, it is one of the oldest universities in Europe. Together with Scuola Normale Superiore di Pisa and Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies, it is part of the Pisa University System.
Neckarwestheim
Neckarwestheim (German: [nɛkaʁˈvɛstˌhaɪ̯m] ⓘ) is a municipality with 3524 inhabitants in the  Heilbronn district, Baden-Württemberg, in south-west Germany. It is located on the Neckar river and is well known as the location of a nuclear power station, the Neckarwestheim Nuclear Power Plant.

Neckarwestheim Nuclear Power Plant
Neckarwestheim Nuclear Power Station is a nuclear power plant in Neckarwestheim, Germany, sometimes abbreviated GKN (for German: Gemeinschaftskraftwerk Neckar), operated by EnBW Kernkraft GmbH, a subsidiary of EnBW.

As part of the nuclear power phase-out, it was taken out of service on April 15, 2023.
Biscoitos IPR
Biscoitos is a Portuguese wine region located on the Terceira island of the Azores. The region has the second tier Indicação de Proveniencia Regulamentada (IPR) classification and maybe some day promoted to Denominação de Origem Controlada (DOC). The production of the region is primarily fortified wines.

Terceira Island
Terceira (Portuguese pronunciation: [tɨɾˈsɐjɾɐ]) is a volcanic island in the Azores archipelago of Portugal, 1,181 km (734 mi) due west of Lisbon. It is one of the larger islands of the archipelago, with a population of 53,311 inhabitants in an area of approximately 396.75 km2 (153.19 sq mi).

Terceira is the location of the Azores' oldest city, Angra do Heroísmo, the historical capital of the archipelago and a UNESCO World Heritage Site; the seat of the judicial system (Supreme Court); and the main insular Portuguese Air Force base, Base Aérea nº 4 at Lajes, with a United States Air Force detachment.

Terceira island has two main sea ports, one at Angra do Heroísmo and the other at Praia da Vitória, and a commercial airport integrated with the flight operations at Lajes. Portuguese bullfighting is popular on the island, in two versions: the traditional equestrian bullfight (in the ring) and the popular "tourada à corda" that occurs in the streets.
Canisius Golden Griffins baseball
The Canisius Golden Griffins baseball team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of Canisius University in Buffalo, New York, United States. The team is a member of the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference, which is part of the National Collegiate Athletic Association's Division I. The team plays home games at the Demske Sports Complex in Buffalo, New York. The Golden Griffins are coached by Matt Mazurek.

Matt Mazurek
Matt Mazurek (born March 7, 1984) is an American baseball coach, currently serving as the head baseball coach at Canisius College. After attending Jamestown Community College, Mazurek attended college at Canisius College and played on the Canisius Golden Griffins baseball team where he was named Canisius College Male Athlete of the Year in 2006. After graduating from Canisius in 2006, Mazurek went on to a three-year career in independent baseball, playing for the Joliet JackHammers in 2007, and the Rockford RiverHawks in 2008 and 2009. Mazurek served as an assistant baseball coach at Canisius College from 2007 to 2017. Mazurek was named head baseball coach at Canisius College on September 6, 2017. Mazurek was named the MAAC Coach of the Year in 2019.
Brownsville Independent School District
Brownsville Independent School District is a school district based in Brownsville, Texas, United States.

BISD serves most of the city of Brownsville and a portion of the town of Rancho Viejo as well as unincorporated areas in Cameron County, including Cameron Park, Reid Hope King, San Pedro, South Point, and Villa Pancho.  It is the largest school district in the Rio Grande Valley metropolitan area.

BISD won the 2008 Broad Prize for Urban Education, the largest school district award in the country, based on improving student performance, closing achievement gaps, and strong district-wide policies.

In 2009, the school district was rated "academically acceptable" by the Texas Education Agency.

Cameron County, Texas
Cameron County is the southernmost county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 421,017. Its county seat is Brownsville.

The county was founded in 1848 and is named for Captain Ewen Cameron, a soldier during the Texas Revolution and in the ill-fated Mier Expedition. During the later 19th century and through World War II, Fort Brown was a US Army outpost here, stimulating the development of the city of Brownsville.

Cameron County comprises the Brownsville–Harlingen, TX metropolitan statistical area, as well as the Brownsville–Harlingen–Raymondville combined statistical area, which itself is part of the larger Rio Grande Valley region.

The second-largest city in the county is Harlingen.

The county is home to the SpaceX Starbase spaceport, situated in Boca Chica; it is also the residence of Elon Musk.
David T. McLaughlin
David Thomas McLaughlin (March 16, 1932 – August 25, 2004) was the 14th President of Dartmouth College, 1981–1987. McLaughlin also served as chief executive officer of Orion Safety Products from 1988 to December 31, 2000. He was chairman of the Aspen Institute from 1987 to 1988 and its president and chief executive officer from 1988 to 1997. He served as chairman and chief executive officer of Toro Company from 1977 to 1981, after serving in various management positions at Toro Company since 1970. McLaughlin served as a director of CBS Corporation from 1979 and as chairman in the late 1990s. He also served as a director of Infininity Broadcasting Corporation until the Infinity merger.

Tuck School of Business
The Amos Tuck School of Business Administration at Dartmouth College is the graduate business school of Dartmouth College, a private Ivy League research university in Hanover, New Hampshire. It was founded in 1900 as the first institution in the world to offer a master's degree in business administration and is the second oldest Ivy League business school. The school continues to award only the Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree, through a full-time, residential program.
Caroline Cannon
Caroline Cannon or Aqugaq is an Iñupiaq leader and environmentalist from Point Hope, Alaska. She was awarded the Goldman Environmental Prize in 2012 for her fight for protection of marine ecosystems against pollution from the petroleum industry.

In 2020, Cannon co-authored a chapter, "We Will Fight to Protect the Arctic Ocean and Our Way of Life," with Robert Thompson, Rosemary Ahtuangaruak and Earl Kingik in Arctic Voices (Seven Stories Press), edited by Subhankar Banerjee.

Point Hope, Alaska
Point Hope (Inupiaq: Tikiġaq, IPA: [tikeʁɑq]) is a city in North Slope Borough, Alaska, United States. At the 2010 census the population was 674, down from 757 in 2000. In the 2020 Census, the population rose to 830.

Like many isolated communities in Alaska, the city has no road or rail connections to the outside world, and must be accessed by sea or by air at Point Hope Airport.
Wormhoudt Communal Cemetery
Wormhout cemetery (French: Cimetière de Wormhout; Dutch: Begraafplaats van Wormhout) is a communal cemetery of Wormhout in the French department Nord. The site is located 700 metres north of the centre (municipal hall) at the Cours N4 du Cimetière.

Wormhout
Wormhout (French pronunciation: [wɔʁmut] ⓘ; before 1975: Wormhoudt; West Flemish: Wormout) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France. Several people in Wormhout still speak West Flemish, a local dialect of Dutch and the traditional language of the region, while French-speakers form a majority, due to centuries of French political and cultural influence.

The town's name is of Germanic origin, meaning "Wormwood."

Neighbouring towns and villages :

Ledringhem to the south-west, separated by river Peene Becque

Esquelbecq
Spencer Street Power Station
Spencer Street Power Station was a Victorian era coal and (later) oil-fired power station which operated on Spencer Street in central Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The station was opened in 1894 in order to power electric street lights, then supplied power to the city's residents, as well as being a wholesale supplier to other municipal distributors. It came under the management of the State Electricity Commission of Victoria in 1941. By the 1960s the capacity of the station reached 109 MW, but was used only for peak load. The station was closed in 1982 after becoming redundant. Eventually deemed an eyesore, demolition commenced in 2006 and was completed in 2008, and a large residential and retail development called Upper West Side was completed on the site by 2016.

Spencer Street
Spencer Street is a major street and thoroughfare in the Melbourne central business district, Victoria, Australia. The street was gazetted in 1837 as the westernmost boundary of the Hoddle Grid.

Spencer Street is named for John Spencer, former Chancellor of the Exchequer in the United Kingdom. As the 3rd Earl of Spencer, he was the 2nd great uncle of The Princess of Wales, Diana Spencer. John's younger brother, Frederick, became the 4th Earl of Spencer on his brother's death. Frederick was Diana's 2nd great grandfather. On the 15th of April 1983, the Prince and Princess of Wales on their royal tour, departed Spencer Street Station for Ballarat, returning later that afternoon.
Serilingampally
Serilingampally, also known as Lingampally, is a major suburb located in the north western part of Hyderabad city, India. It is the headquarters of the Serilingamapally mandal in the Ranga Reddy district of the Indian state of Telangana. It is administered by the Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation (GHMC). Due to its close proximity to HITEC City, Gachibowli, Nanakramguda, Manikonda and Kondapur, there has been a heavy influx of IT companies. A few of the tallest buildings in Hyderabad are located in Serilingampally, with Candeur Crescent being the tallest among them. University of Hyderabad (UoH) is also located here.

Ranga Reddy district
Ranga Reddy district is a district in the Indian state of Telangana. The district headquarters is located at Kongara Kalan Village, Ibrahimpatnam Mandal. The district was named after the former deputy chief minister of the United Andhra Pradesh, K. V. Ranga Reddy. The district shares boundaries with Nalgonda, Yadadri, Hyderabad, Medchal–Malkajgiri, Nagarkurnool, Mahabubnagar, Sangareddy and Vikarabad districts.
Ketolysis
Ketolysis is the process of catabolizing ketones, the opposite of ketogenesis which is the process of synthesizing ketones. Ketolysis provides more energy for ATP synthesis than fatty acid oxidation (beta oxidation).

Ketogenesis occurs primarily in the liver, whereas ketolysis occurs in non-liver cells, especially in the heart, brain, and skeletal muscle. The SCOT enzyme (aka thiophorase) is required for ketolysis, and is present in the mitochondria of all mammalian cells except for hepatocytes.

Although type II cells of the pulmonary alveolus possess monocarboxylate transporters to transport of beta hydroxybutyrate precursors into the cytoplasm, the absence of ketolytic enzymes results in the cells being unable to catabolize the beta hydroxybutyrate.

The cardioprotective effects of SGLT2 inhibitors have been attributed to the elevated ketone levels and increased ketolysis.

Ketogenesis
Ketogenesis is the biochemical process through which organisms produce ketone bodies by breaking down fatty acids and ketogenic amino acids. The process supplies energy  to certain organs, particularly the brain, heart and skeletal muscle, under specific scenarios including fasting, caloric restriction, sleep, or others. (In rare metabolic diseases, insufficient gluconeogenesis can cause excessive ketogenesis and hypoglycemia, which may lead to the life-threatening condition known as non-diabetic ketoacidosis.)
Saalfeld-Rudolstadt
Saalfeld-Rudolstadt is a Kreis (district) in the south of Thuringia, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from the north clockwise) the districts Weimarer Land, Saale-Holzland, Saale-Orla, the district Kronach in Bavaria, and the districts Sonneberg, Hildburghausen and Ilm-Kreis.

Weimarer Land
Weimarer Land is a Landkreis (district) in the east of Thuringia, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from the northeast clockwise) the district Burgenlandkreis in Saxony-Anhalt, the district Saale-Holzland and the district-free city Jena, the district Saalfeld-Rudolstadt, Ilm-Kreis, and the district-free city Erfurt. The district-free city Weimar is completely enclosed by the district.
Ticket to a Crime
Ticket to a Crime is a 1934 American mystery film directed by Lewis D. Collins and starring Ralph Graves, Lois Wilson and Lola Lane. A private detective and his assistant solve a murder at a country club.

The plot is based on pulp-fiction crime writer Carroll John Daly's 1934 short story of the same title, originally published in the magazine Dime Detective. Although Daly was one of the most popular pulp writers of his day, Ticket to a Crime was the only time his work was adapted to film.

Carroll John Daly
Carroll John Daly (1889–1958) was a writer of crime fiction. One of the earliest writers of hard-boiled fiction, he is best known for his detective character Race Williams, who appeared in a number of stories for Black Mask magazine in the 1920s.
Coglès
Coglès (French pronunciation: [kɔɡl], pronounced as Cogles; Breton: Gougleiz, north) is a former commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department of Brittany in northwestern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Les Portes du Coglais.

Les Portes du Coglais
Les Portes du Coglais (French pronunciation: [le pɔʁt dy kɔɡlɛ]; Breton: Dorioù-ar-Gougleiz) is a commune in the department of Ille-et-Vilaine, western France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2017 by merger of the former communes of Montours (the seat), Coglès and La Selle-en-Coglès.
Wilhelm Heinrich Schüßler
Wilhelm Heinrich Schüßler (also spelled Schuessler; 21 August 1821 – 30 March 1898) was a German medical doctor in Oldenburg who searched for natural remedies and published the results of his experiments in a German homeopathic journal in March 1873, leading to a list of 12 so-called "biochemic cell salts" that remain popular in alternative medicine. Although he was firmly within the homeopathy movement of his day, the modern definition of homeopathy tends to exclude his concept of homeopathic potency, which favored remedies which, while very dilute, still retained small amounts of the original salt.

Oldenburg (city)
Oldenburg (German pronunciation: [ˈɔldn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ; Northern Low Saxon: Ollnborg) is an independent city in the state of Lower Saxony, Germany.  The city is officially named Oldenburg (Oldb) (Oldenburg in Oldenburg) to distinguish from Oldenburg in Holstein.

During the French annexation (1811–1813) in the wake of the Napoleonic war against Britain, it was also known as Le Vieux-Bourg in French. The city is at the rivers Hunte and Haaren, in the northwestern region between the cities of Bremen in the east and Groningen (Netherlands) in the west. According to Germany's 2022 census, the city's population is 176.068 in 2024. Oldenburg is part of the Northwest Metropolitan Region, which is home to approximately 2.8 million people.

The city is the place of origin of the House of Oldenburg. Before the end of the German Empire (1918), it was the administrative centre and residence of the monarchs of Oldenburg.
RV Polarstern
RV Polarstern (meaning Polaris) is a German research icebreaker of the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research (AWI) in Bremerhaven, Germany. Polarstern was built by Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft in Kiel and Nobiskrug in Rendsburg, was commissioned in 1982, and is mainly used for research in the Arctic and Antarctica. The ship has a length of 118 metres (387 feet) and is a double-hulled icebreaker. She is operational at temperatures as low as −50 °C (−58 °F). Polarstern can break through ice 1.5 m (4 ft 11 in) thick at a speed of 5 knots (9.3 km/h; 5.8 mph). Thicker ice of up to 3 m (9.8 ft) can be broken by ramming.

Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research
The Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (German: Alfred-Wegener-Institut, Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar- und Meeresforschung) is located in Bremerhaven, Germany, and a member of the Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres. It conducts research in the Arctic, the Antarctic, and the high and mid latitude oceans. Additional research topics are: North Sea research, marine biological monitoring, and technical marine developments. The institute was founded in 1980 and is named after meteorologist, climatologist, and geologist Alfred Wegener.

AWI is the biggest institution for polar and ocean research and science in Germany. The annual budget is 140 Mio EUR (2018) and the institute has a staff of more than 1000 people.
Chicken sandwich wars
The chicken sandwich wars were a marketing trend in the United States during which numerous American quick serve restaurant chains introduced fried chicken sandwiches to their menus. The phenomenon began in 2019 when Popeyes and Chick-fil-A disputed which of them was first to serve such an item. Over 20 American fast food brands added fried chicken sandwiches to their menus in the following two years.

Popeyes
Popeyes Louisiana Kitchen, Inc. is an American multinational chain of Southern fried chicken restaurants founded in 1972 in New Orleans and headquartered in Miami. It is currently a subsidiary of Toronto-based Restaurant Brands International. As of 2021, Popeyes has 3,705 restaurants, which are located in more than 46 states and the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and 30 countries worldwide. About 50 locations are company-owned while the other approximately 98% are franchised.