hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sérgio Meira
Sérgio Meira de Santa Cruz Oliveira (born December 31, 1968) is a Brazilian linguist who specializes in the Cariban and Tupian language families of lowland South America and in the Tiriyó language in particular. He has worked on the classification of the Cariban language family, and has collected primary linguistic data from speakers of 14 Cariban languages and 5 non-Cariban languages.

Cariban languages
The Cariban languages are a family of languages Indigenous to north-eastern South America. They are widespread across northernmost South America, from the mouth of the Amazon River to the Colombian Andes, and they are also spoken in small pockets of central Brazil. The languages of the Cariban family are relatively closely related. There are about three dozen, but most are spoken only by a few hundred people. Macushi is the only language among them with numerous speakers, estimated at 30,000. The Cariban family is well known among linguists partly because one language in the family—Hixkaryana—has a default word order of object–verb–subject. Prior to their discovery of this, linguists presumed that this order did not exist in any spoken natural language.
Imbert–Fedorov effect
The Imbert–Fiodaraŭ effect, named after Fiodar Ivanavič Fiodaraŭ (1911–1994) and Christian Imbert (1937–1998), is an optical phenomenon whereby a beam of circularly or elliptically polarized light undergoes a small sideways shift when refracted or totally internally reflected. The sideways shift is perpendicular to the plane containing the incident and reflected beams. This effect is the circular polarization analog of the Goos–Hänchen effect.

Fiodar Fiodaraŭ
Fiodar Fiodaraŭ (Belarusian: Фёдар Іванавіч Фёдараў, Fiodar Ivanavič Fiodaraŭ, Russian: Фёдор Иванович Фёдоров, Fedor Ivanovich Fedorov), June 19, 1911–October 13, 1994, was a Soviet and Belarusian physicist whose scientific interests ranged from optics and spectroscopy to the theory of elementary particles.
Murska Sobota
Murska Sobota (pronounced [ˈmúːɾska ˈsóːbɔta] ⓘ, Slovenian abbreviation: MS [məˈsə́]; German: Olsnitz; Hungarian: Muraszombat) is a town in northeastern Slovenia. It is the centre of the Municipality of Murska Sobota near the Mura River in the region of Prekmurje and is the regional capital.

Urban Municipality of Murska Sobota
The Urban Municipality of Murska Sobota (pronounced [ˈmuːɾska ˈsoːbɔta]; Slovene: Mestna občina Murska Sobota) is one of twelve urban municipalities of Slovenia. It lies in northeastern Slovenia and was established in 1994. Its seat is the town of Murska Sobota. The area belongs to the traditional region of Prekmurje and has been included in the Mura Statistical Region since 1995.
Rod Blackmore
Rodney ("Rod") David Blackmore OAM (born 7 August 1935), is a former senior magistrate in the Australian state of New South Wales. He is perhaps best known for his work with children and adolescents. Blackmore's last judicial posting was as the Senior Magistrate at the Children's Court of New South Wales, serving from 1978 to 1995.

Theatre Organ Society of Australia
The Theatre Organ Society of Australia (TOSA) is an Australian non-profit organisation that promotes the preservation and presentation of theatre organs. Each state has its own division, which is a free-standing and independent body.
Keiko Awaji
Keiko Awaji (淡路恵子, Awaji Keiko; 17 July 1933 – 11 January 2014) was a Japanese stage and film actress.

Awaji appeared in films like Akira Kurosawa's Stray Dog, Keisuke Kinoshita's A Japanese Tragedy, Mark Robson's The Bridges at Toko-Ri and Mikio Naruse's When a Woman Ascends the Stairs.

She died of esophageal cancer in Tokyo on 11 January 2014, aged 80. She was married twice, to Filipino actor Bimbo Danao and to Japanese actor Yorozuya Kinnosuke.

Stray Dog (film)
Stray Dog (野良犬, Nora inu) is a 1949 Japanese crime drama noir film directed and co-written by Akira Kurosawa, starring Toshiro Mifune and Takashi Shimura. It was Kurosawa's second film of 1949 produced by the Film Art Association and released by Shintoho. It is also considered a detective movie (among the earliest films in that genre) that explores the mood of Japan during its painful postwar recovery. The film is also considered a precursor to the contemporary police procedural and buddy cop film genres, based on its premise of pairing two cops with different personalities and motivations together on a difficult case.
Monroe University
Monroe University is a private for-profit university in New York City. It was founded in 1933 and has campuses in the Bronx, New Rochelle and Saint Lucia, with degree programs also available through Monroe Online. It is named after James Monroe, the fifth president of the United States. It is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education.

Maurice Ndour
Maurice Daly Ndour (born June 18, 1992) is a Senegalese professional basketball player for Pallacanestro Brescia of the Lega Basket Serie A (LBA). He played college basketball for the Ohio Bobcats and has represented the Senegalese national team, where he participated in the 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup.
Anglican Diocese of Igbomina-West
The Anglican Diocese of Igbomina-West is one of eight dioceses in the Anglican Province of Kwara, itself one of 14 ecclesiastical provinces within the Church of Nigeria. The current bishop is the Right Rev. Olajide Adebayo.

The diocese was established in 2009.

Olajide Adebayo
Olajide Adebayo is an Anglican bishop in Nigeria; he is Bishop of Igbomina-West, one of eight in the  Anglican Province of Kwara, itself one of 14 within the Church of Nigeria. He presents a radio show, "Hymns of Praise".
Me Enamora
"Me Enamora" (English: It Makes Me Fall in Love) is a song written and performed by Colombian singer and songwriter, Juanes. The song is the first radio single of his fourth solo studio album La Vida... Es Un Ratico (2007) and it received three awards for Record of the Year, Song of the Year and Best Short Form Music Video at the Latin Grammy Awards of 2008. The song was included in the game Rock Band 3. In 2012, Juanes re-released the single with a new version, that was performed on his album MTV Unplugged. On 14 May 2012, it was made available on iTunes. The song was included at No. 26 on MTV Tres's Top 100 of 2012.

La Vida... Es Un Ratico
La Vida... es un Ratico (English: Life... Is a Moment) is the fourth studio album recorded by Colombian singer-songwriter Juanes, which was released by Universal Music Latino on October 23, 2007 (see 2007 in music).
Peya Mushelenga
Samuel Abraham Peyavali "Peya" Mushelenga (born September 1, 1975, in Oshigambo, Ovamboland) is a Namibian politician and poet. He is broadly educated, holding fifteen academic qualifications from seven different universities.

A member of SWAPO, Mushelenga was a member of the National Assembly of Namibia from 2005 to 20 March 2025. He has served cabinet in several ministerial roles and last served as a Minister of International Relations and Cooperation from 9 February 2024 to 21 March 2025.

SWAPO
The South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO /ˈswɑːpoʊ/; Afrikaans: Suidwes-Afrikaanse Volks Organisasie, SWAVO; German: Südwestafrikanische Volksorganisation, SWAVO), officially known as the SWAPO Party of Namibia, is a political party and former independence movement in Namibia (formerly South West Africa). Founded in 1960, it has been the governing party in Namibia since the country achieved independence in 1990. The party continues to be dominated in number and influence by the Ovambo ethnic group.

SWAPO held a two-thirds majority in parliament from 1994 to 2019. In the general election held in November 2019, the party won 65.5% of the popular vote and 63 out of the 104 seats in the National Assembly. It also holds 28 out of the 42 seats in the National Council. From November 2017 until his death in February 2024, Namibian President Hage Geingob remained the president of SWAPO after being elected to the position at the party's electoral congress.
Stara Żubrówka
Stara Żubrówka [ˈstara ʐuˈbrufka], is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krasnopol, within Sejny County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.The village also lies near provincial road no. 653.

Gmina Krasnopol
Gmina Krasnopol, is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sejny County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Krasnopol, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) west of Sejny and 111 km (69 mi) north of the regional capital Białystok.

The gmina covers an area of 171.63 square kilometres (66.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,902.
Schirmeck
Schirmeck (French pronunciation: [ʃiʁmɛk] ⓘ) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France.

It is the location of the Alsace-Moselle Memorial museum.

The name of the town means "protected place". In Lorraine dialect it is called "Chermec".

The inhabitants are known as "Schirmeckois".

Bas-Rhin
Bas-Rhin (French pronunciation: [bɑ ʁɛ̃] ⓘ) is a department in Alsace which is a part of the Grand Est region of France. The name means 'Lower Rhine', referring to its lower altitude among the two French Rhine departments: it is downstream of the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine) department. Both belong to the European Upper Rhine region. It is, with the Haut-Rhin (Upper Rhine), one of the two departments of the traditional Alsace region which until 1871, also included the area now known as the Territoire de Belfort. The more populous and densely populated of the pair, it had 1,152,662 inhabitants in 2021. The prefecture is based in Strasbourg. The INSEE and Post Code is 67.

On 1 January 2021, the departemental councils of Bas-Rhin and Haut-Rhin merged into the European Collectivity of Alsace.

The inhabitants of the department are known as Bas-Rhinois or Bas-Rhinoises.
Tim Bender
Tim Bender (born August 19, 1957) is an American former snowmobile and NASCAR Busch Series race car driver from Colden, New York. He raced snowmobiles in the 1970s to 1990s and was inducted in the Snowmobile Hall of Fame. He had spot starts in the Busch Series from 1990 to 1996. He joined the tour full-time in 1997 before suffering a career-ending injury after the eighth race.

Colden, New York
Colden is a town in Erie County, New York, United States. The population was 3,121 at the 2020 census. The town derives its name from Cadwallader D. Colden, a state senator. Colden is an interior town in the southeastern part of the county. It is one of the "Southtowns" of Erie County.
Flajolet–Martin algorithm
The Flajolet–Martin algorithm is an algorithm for approximating the number of distinct elements in a stream with a single pass and space-consumption logarithmic in the maximal number of possible distinct elements in the stream (the count-distinct problem). The algorithm was introduced by Philippe Flajolet and G. Nigel Martin in their 1984 article "Probabilistic Counting Algorithms for Data Base Applications". Later it has been refined in "LogLog counting of large cardinalities" by Marianne Durand and Philippe Flajolet, and "HyperLogLog: The analysis of a near-optimal cardinality estimation algorithm" by Philippe Flajolet et al.

In their 2010 article "An optimal algorithm for the distinct elements problem", Daniel M. Kane, Jelani Nelson and David P. Woodruff give an improved algorithm, which uses nearly optimal space and has optimal O(1) update and reporting times.

Count-distinct problem
In computer science, the count-distinct problem
(also known in applied mathematics as the cardinality estimation problem) is the problem of finding the number of distinct elements in a data stream with repeated elements.
This is a well-known problem with numerous applications. The elements might represent IP addresses of packets passing through a router, unique visitors to a web site, elements in a large database, motifs in a DNA sequence, or elements of RFID/sensor networks.
W.A.R. (We Are Renegades)
W.A.R. (We Are Renegades) is the third studio album of American hip hop artist Pharoahe Monch released on March 22, 2011, under Duck Down Records. Producers include Lion's Share Music Group, Exile, Marco Polo, M-Phazes, Mike Loe, Fatin "10" Horton, Diamond D, Samiyam, and Fyre Dept.'s Adam Deitch and Eric Krasno, while vocal features are contributed by Idris Elba, Immortal Technique, Vernon Reid of Living Colour, Showtyme, Styles P of The LOX, Phonte (formerly of Little Brother), Mela Machinko, Mr. Porter, Jean Grae, Royce da 5'9", Citizen Cope and Jill Scott. Scratches are provided by DJ Boogie Blind of The X-Ecutioners.

Citizen Cope
Clarence Greenwood (born May 20, 1968), also known by his stage name, Citizen Cope, is an American singer-songwriter and producer. His music is commonly described as a mix of blues, soul, hip hop, folk, and rock. Citizen Cope's compositions have been recorded by Carlos Santana, Dido, Pharoahe Monch and Richie Havens. He currently records and produces for his own record label, Rainwater Recordings, which he founded in 2010. He had previously been signed to Capitol, Arista, DreamWorks and RCA. On March 1, 2019, he self-released his first album in six years, Heroin and Helicopters.
Youcef Sabri Medel
Youcef Sabri Medel (born 5 July 1996) is an Algerian badminton player. He won the boys' doubles silver and singles bronze at the 2014 African Youth Games in Gaborone, Botswana. Medel was the gold medalists at the 2017, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022 African Championships for men's double with his partner, Koceila Mammeri.

2021 African Badminton Championships
The 2021 African Badminton Championships was the continental badminton championships to crown the best players and teams across Africa. The tournament was held at the MTN Arena in Kampala, Uganda, from 21 to 28 October.
R-21 (missile)
The R-21 (Russian: Р-21; NATO: SS-N-5 'Sark/Serb'; GRAU: 4K55) was a submarine-launched ballistic missile in service with the Soviet Union between 1963 and 1989. It was the first Soviet nuclear missile that could be launched from a submerged submarine, and also had twice the range of earlier missiles. It replaced the R-11FM and R-13 (SS-N-4) on many Golf and Hotel-class submarines, and was in turn superseded by the R-27 (SS-N-6 'Serb') missile carried by Yankee-class submarines.

Submarine-launched ballistic missile
A submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) is a ballistic missile capable of being launched from submarines. Modern variants usually deliver multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs), each of which carries a nuclear warhead and allows a single launched missile to strike several targets. Submarine-launched ballistic missiles operate in a different way from submarine-launched cruise missiles.

Modern submarine-launched ballistic missiles are closely related to intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), with ranges of over 5,500 kilometres (3,000 nmi), and in many cases SLBMs and ICBMs may be part of the same family of weapons.
Posen, Washington County, Illinois
Posen is an unincorporated community in Bolo Township, Washington County, Illinois, United States. Posen is 6.4 miles (10.3 km) southeast of Nashville. Since 1901, Our Lady of Perpetual Help Church, a member of the Diocese of Belleville has been located here.  As with many small homestead communities, little documentation of Posen exists online despite historical and local significance. The community was named after Poznań, Poland because much like the rest of Washington County, Posen was settled entirely by Poles, some of whom were secular Polish Jews before converting to Roman Catholicism.  Having dwindled in population with time, the only remaining buildings apart from the Roman Catholic parish are a handful of residential homes, an old storefront converted into a residential unit, a large graveyard of the parishioners and pioneers, the Bolo Township Hall, and an alpaca farm.  The original church structure was replaced in the late 1960s.

Washington County, Illinois
Washington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 census, it had a population of 13,761. Its county seat is Nashville. It is located in the southern portion of Illinois known locally as "Little Egypt".
Okoboji High School
Okoboji High School is a rural public high school in Milford, Iowa. It is the primary senior high school in the Okoboji Community School District. Their mascot is Pioneer Pete.

The school district serves Milford, Arnolds Park, most of Fostoria, most of Okoboji, Wahpeton, and West Okoboji.

West Okoboji, Iowa
West Okoboji is a village in Dickinson County, Iowa, United States. The population was 308 at the time of the 2020 census. The city is located on West Okoboji Lake, from which it takes its name.  It is part of the Iowa Great Lakes region.
Benjamin Hector
Benjamin Hector (born 5 August 1979 in Durban) is a former South African first-class cricketer for the Cape Cobras. Making his debut in 2001–02 for Free State, Hector was a right-handed batsman with a highest score of 200 not out. Both his father and uncle played first-class cricket in South Africa.  His sister is field hockey player Kate Woods.

Kate Woods (field hockey)
Kate Woods (née Hector, born 11 October 1981) is a South African field hockey player.

Woods was born Kate Hector on 11 October 1981 in Johannesburg, Gauteng.  She attended Durban Girls' College. She was a member of the national squad that finished 9th at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens. The midfielder's hometown is Cape Town, and she is nicknamed KT. She plays for a provincial team based in Western Province.

At the 2012 Summer Olympics she competed with the South Africa women's national field hockey team in the women's tournament.

She is married to water polo player Duncan Woods. Her brother is first-class cricketer Benjamin Hector.
Jean Beaudin
Jean Beaudin (6 February 1939 – 18 May 2019) was a Canadian film director and screenwriter. He directed 20 films since 1969. His film J.A. Martin Photographer, was entered into the 1977 Cannes Film Festival, where Monique Mercure won the award for Best Actress. The film also won best Film, he won best Director, and Mercure won best Actress awards at the 1977 Canadian Film Awards. He was nominated (but did not win) for the Genie Award for Best Achievement in Direction in 1986, 1992 and 2003 for his films The Alley Cat (Le Matou), Being at Home with Claude and The Collector (Le Collectionneur), respectively.

Actress Domini Blythe (1947–2010) was his partner of more than 20 years.

Domini Blythe
Domini Blythe (August 28, 1947 – December 15, 2010) was a British-born Canadian actress. Her numerous stage, film and television credits included Search for Tomorrow, External Affairs, The Wars, Savage Messiah, Montreal Stories and Mount Royal.
Cave-In-Rock Ferry
The Cave-In-Rock Ferry is one of four passenger ferry services that cross the Ohio River into the U.S. state of Kentucky. It connects Illinois Route 1 in Cave-In-Rock, Hardin County, Illinois, to Kentucky Route 91, 10.6 miles north of Marion, Kentucky. It is the only public river crossing available between the Brookport Bridge at Paducah, Kentucky, and the Shawneetown Bridge at Old Shawneetown, Illinois.

Cave-In-Rock, Illinois
Cave-In-Rock is a village in Hardin County, Illinois, United States. Its principal feature and tourist attraction is nearby Cave-In-Rock, on the banks of the Ohio River. In 1816, the earliest known permanent white settlers arrived and started building a town near the cave. The town was originally known as Rock and Cave, Illinois, with a post office under this name. On October 24, 1849, the town was officially renamed Cave-In-Rock. Cave-In-Rock was incorporated as a village in 1901. The population was 228 at the 2020 census.

Beginning in the 1790s, Cave-in-Rock became a refuge stronghold for frontier outlaws, on the run from the law which included river pirates and highwaymen Samuel Mason and James Ford, tavern owner/highwayman Isaiah L. Potts, serial killers/bandits the Harpe brothers, counterfeiters Philip Alston, Peter Alston, John Duff, Eson Bixby, and the Sturdivant Gang, and the post-American Civil War bandit, Logan Belt.
Harry "A" Chesler
Harry Chesler (January 12, 1897, or January 12, 1898 (sources differ) – December 29, 1981), often credited as Harry "A" Chesler, with the "A" an affectation rather than a true initial, was the entrepreneur behind the first comic book packager of the late-1930s to 1940s Golden Age of comic books, supplying comics features and complete comic books to publishers testing the waters of the emerging medium.

Chesler's studio, which began in either 1935 or 1936, provided early work to artists and writers including  Jack Cole, Jack Binder, Otto Binder, Charles Biro, Mort Meskin, and many others.

Funnies Inc.
Funnies, Inc. was an American comic book packager of the late 1930s to 1940s period collectors and historians call the Golden Age of Comic Books. Founded by Lloyd Jacquet, it supplied the contents of early comics, including that of Marvel Comics #1 (cover-dated Oct. 1939), the first publication of what would become the multimedia corporation Marvel Comics.
Kokila (1990 film)
Kokila (transl. The Nightingale) is a 1990 Indian Telugu language mystery thriller film written and directed by Geetha Krishna and produced by G. Maheswara Rao under the banner Kalyani Enterprises. The film stars Naresh, Shobhana and Sarath Babu in the lead roles, with music composed by Ilaiyaraaja. Cinematography was handled by Saroj Padhy, while editing was done by Anil Malnad.

Released on 27 April 1990 to positive reviews, Kokila revolves around the theme of paranormal activities after corneal transplantation and blends emotional drama with suspense elements. The film is notable for marking the debut of L. B. Sriram as a dialogue writer, who later went on to establish himself as a prominent writer and actor in Telugu cinema.

Geetha Krishna
Geetha Krishna is an Indian film director, who has made Telugu and Tamil films. He made his debut with the Telugu film Sankeertana starring Nagarjuna, for which he won the Nandi Award for Best First Film of a Director. Since then, he has directed a series of Telugu and Tamil films.
Bill Brooks (coach)
William Jasper Brooks (October 13, 1922 – November 8, 2010) was an American baseball and basketball coach who is best known for developing the University of North Carolina at Wilmington athletics program from a junior college to a Division I school.  Brooks graduated with a Bachelor of Arts from Atlantic Christian College in 1948.  In 1951, he was hired by Wilmington College (now UNCW) as their athletic director, basketball coach, baseball coach, and chairman of the health and physical education department.  He directed the baseball team to a pair of national junior college baseball championships in 1961 and 1963 and also took the basketball team to the national tournament.

In 1975, he was named NAIA National Coach of the Year and was inducted into the National Junior College Baseball Coaches Hall of Fame in 1990.  Brooks became the first individual associated with UNC Wilmington to be inducted into the North Carolina Sports Hall of Fame in 1991.

Barton College
Barton College is a private liberal arts college in Wilson, North Carolina. It is affiliated with the Christian Church (Disciples of Christ). It offers 29 majors and 7 minors as well as 6 master's degrees.