hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jonas Coersmeier
Jonas Coersmeier is an architect and designer, born in Germany and working in the United States.  He is finalist and first runner-up in the World Trade Center Memorial Competition.  He was born in Cologne, Germany and studied architecture at Columbia University, M.I.T. and Technische Universität Darmstadt.  He teaches at the Pratt Institute School of Architecture, where he coordinates the Architecture and Urban Design program (MSAUD,) University of Pennsylvania School of Design and University of Kassel School of Architecture, where he was head of the Digital Design Department.

World Trade Center Site Memorial Competition
The World Trade Center Site Memorial Competition was an open, international memorial contest, initiated by the Lower Manhattan Development Corporation (LMDC) according to the specifications of the architect Daniel Libeskind, to design a memorial for the World Trade Center site (later renamed the National September 11 Memorial & Museum) at the under-construction World Trade Center in New York City.  The competition began April 28, 2003 and the winner—Michael Arad and Peter Walker's Reflecting Absence—was revealed January 14, 2004, in a press conference at Federal Hall National Memorial.  The contest garnered 5,201 entries from 63 nations and 49 U.S. states, out of 13,683 registrants from all 50 U.S. states and 94 nations, making it the largest design competition in history.
Castle Rock, Washington
Castle Rock is a city in Cowlitz County, Washington, United States. Located between the Willapa Hills and the western base of Mount St. Helens, Castle Rock is at the heart of Washington timber country in the Pacific temperate rain forest. Castle Rock is part of the Longview, Washington Metropolitan Statistical Area; the population was 2,446 as of the 2020 census.

Cowlitz County, Washington
Cowlitz County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, its population was 110,730. The county seat is Kelso, and its largest city is Longview. The county was formed in April 1854. Its name derives from the anglicized version of the Cowlitz Indian term Cow-e-liske, meaning either 'river of shifting sands' or 'capturing the medicine spirit.' Cowlitz comprises the Longview, WA Metropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the Portland-Vancouver-Salem, OR-WA Combined statistical area.
KSUI
KSUI (91.7 FM) is a non-commercial radio station licensed to Iowa City, Iowa, United States. It is the flagship of Iowa Public Radio's classical music network. The main studios and offices are on Grand Avenue in Des Moines. News updates are supplied from National Public Radio (NPR).

KSUI's transmitter is sited on Baker Avenue near 250th Street in West Branch, Iowa, about 35 miles (56 km) southeast of Cedar Rapids and about 50 miles (80 km) west of the Quad Cities. Programming is also heard on low-power FM translator K268EK (101.7 FM) in Dubuque. KSUI broadcasts in HD Radio; the HD2 digital subchannel carries Iowa Public Radio's news and talk format from WOI-FM Ames.

Cedar Rapids, Iowa
Cedar Rapids is a city in Linn County, Iowa, United States, and the county seat. The population was 137,710 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 137,904 in 2024. making it the second-most populous city in Iowa. The city lies on both banks of the Cedar River, 20 miles (32 km) north of Iowa City and 128 miles (206 km) northeast of Des Moines, the state's capital.

Cedar Rapids is the economic hub of Eastern Iowa, located at the core of the Interstate 380 corridor. The population of the three-county Cedar Rapids metropolitan area, which includes the nearby cities of Marion and Hiawatha, was 276,520 in 2020. The Cedar Rapids metropolitan area is also part of a combined statistical area with the Iowa City metropolitan area.
Ford Power Stroke engine
Power Stroke, also known as Powerstroke, is the name used by a family of diesel engines for trucks produced by Ford Motor Company and Navistar International (until 2010) for Ford products since 1994. Along with its use in the Ford F-Series (including the Ford Super Duty trucks), applications include the Ford E-Series, Ford Excursion, and Ford LCF commercial truck. The name was also used for a diesel engine used in South American production of the Ford Ranger.

From 1994, the Power Stroke engine family existed as a re-branding of engines produced by Navistar International, sharing engines with its medium-duty truck lines. Since the 2011 introduction of the 6.7 L Power Stroke V8, Ford has designed and produced its own diesel engines. During its production, the Power Stroke engine range has been marketed against large-block V8 (and V10) gasoline engines along with the General Motors Duramax V8 and the Dodge Cummins B-Series inline-six.

International Motors
International Motors, LLC (formerly Navistar International Corporation) is an American manufacturer of commercial vehicles and engines, established in 1986 as a successor to the International Harvester company. International Motors produces trucks under its own brand and buses under the IC Bus name. Since July 2021, the company has been an independent subsidiary of holding company Traton.

Headquartered in Lisle, Illinois, International Motors employs approximately 14,500 people worldwide as of 2024. The company maintains an extensive distribution network, with nearly 1,000 dealer outlets across the United States, Canada, Brazil, and Mexico, and over 60 dealers in 90 other countries. International Motors' product line includes a range of commercial trucks, from medium-duty Class 4 to heavy-duty Class 8 vehicles.
Girls 2
Girls 2 (Chinese: 闺蜜2：无二不作; Vietnamese: Girls 2: Những Cô Gái và Găng Tơ; also titled Girls vs Gangsters) is a 2018 Chinese-Hong Kong comedy film directed by Wong Chun-chun and starring Fiona Sit, Ivy Chen, Janine Chang, Mike Tyson, and Wang Shuilin. The film is a sequel to the 2014 film Girls and was released on March 2, 2018, in China.

Wong Chun-chun
Wong Chun-chun (Chinese: 黃真真; born 5 October 1972) is a Hong Kong film director, screenwriter, actress and producer. She is known for her female-centric films which include Women's Private Parts (2000), Truth or Dare: 6th Floor Rear Flat (2003) and The Stolen Years (2013). Wong was awarded the "Hong Kong Ten Outstanding Young Persons" by the Junior Chamber International Hong Kong in 2002, and "Young Achiever of the Year" in the Women of Influence award by United States Chamber of Commerce in 2007.
Schanzenfeld
Schanzenfeld is a small hamlet community in the Rural Municipality of Stanley, Manitoba, Canada, located about 2 miles south of the City of Winkler.

The village was named after Jacob Yost Shantz, a businessman from Ontario who helped Plautdietsch-speaking Mennonites migrate from Imperial Russia to southern Manitoba. He visited areas of southern Manitoba in 1872 to explore possibilities for Mennonite settlement.

The community is first noted on a Department of the Interior map in 1881. It opened a post office on 21-2-4W in 1884 but it was soon moved to Winkler on 4-3-4W. The community was on 16-2-4W and 21-2-4W while the school district was located at SW22-2-4W.

Jacob Yost Shantz
Jacob Yost Shantz (2 May 1822 – 28 October 1909) was a Mennonite farmer, businessman, and industrialist from Ontario, Canada. He played a significant role in the urban development of Berlin, Ontario (which is now the city of Kitchener), where he held a succession of civic roles over a period of almost three decades, culminating in a term as mayor in 1882. Over the span of his life, Berlin was transformed from a rural agricultural settlement known as Ebytown into a bustling manufacturing centre; this was a change mirrored by Shantz, who began his adult life as a farmer and sawmiller, and ended it as a prominent local industrialist.

Late in his life, he travelled to the newly-colonized province of Manitoba, and subsequently helped tens of thousands of Russian Mennonites to immigrate there from the Russian Empire.
R v DB
R v DB [2008] 2 S.C.R. 3, 2008 SCC 25 is a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of Canada on youth justice and sentencing. The Court held the provisions of the Youth Criminal Justice Act that required presumptive adult sentences for youth convicted of certain offences to be unconstitutional. Ruling that the presumption of diminished moral blameworthiness for young persons was a principle of fundamental justice under section 7 of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms and that the impugned provisions unconstitutionally deprived them of their liberty by presuming their moral blameworthiness to be equivalent to adults.

Section 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
Section 7 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms is a constitutional provision that protects an individual's autonomy and personal legal rights from actions of the government in Canada. There are three types of protection within the section: the right to life, liberty and security of the person. Denials of these rights are constitutional only if the denials do not breach what is referred to as fundamental justice.

This Charter provision provides both substantive and procedural rights. It has broad application beyond merely protecting due process in administrative proceedings and in the adjudicative context, and has in certain circumstances touched upon major national policy issues such as entitlement to social assistance and public health care. As such, it has proven to be a controversial provision in the Charter.
Douglas, Wisconsin
Douglas (at one time spelled Douglass) is a town in Marquette County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 768 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated communities of Briggsville and Douglas Center are located within the town.

Marquette County, Wisconsin
Marquette County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 15,592. Its county seat is Montello. The county was created in 1836 from the Wisconsin Territory and organized in 1848. The county is considered a high-recreation retirement destination by the U.S. Department of Agriculture.
Thomas S. Crow
Thomas Sherman Crow (March 16, 1934 – November 30, 2008), fourth Master Chief Petty Officer of the Navy was born in 1934, in McArthur, Ohio, and graduated from McArthur High School (now Vinton County High School) in 1952. After battling cancer, he died at his home in San Diego, California on November 30, 2008. He was interred in Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery in San Diego, California.

Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery
Fort Rosecrans National Cemetery is a federal military cemetery in San Diego, California. It is located on the grounds of the former Army coastal artillery station Fort Rosecrans and is administered by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs.  Fort Rosecrans is named after William Starke Rosecrans, a Union general in the American Civil War.

The cemetery is located approximately 10 miles (16 km) west of downtown San Diego, overlooking San Diego Bay and the city from one side, and the Pacific Ocean on the other. The cemetery was registered as California Historical Landmark #55 on December 6, 1932. The cemetery is spread out over 77.5 acres (31.4 ha) located on both sides of Catalina Blvd.
Terephthalate 1,2-dioxygenase
In enzymology, a terephthalate 1,2-dioxygenase (EC 1.14.12.15) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

terephthalate + NADH + H+ + O2  (1R,6S)-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,4-diene-1,4-dicarboxylate + NAD+

The 4 substrates of this enzyme are terephthalate, NADH, H+, and O2, whereas its two products are (1R,6S)-dihydroxycyclohexa-2,4-diene-1,4-dicarboxylate and NAD+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of two atoms o oxygen into the other donor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate,NADH:oxygen oxidoreductase (1,2-hydroxylating). Other names in common use include benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate 1,2-dioxygenase, and 1,4-dicarboxybenzoate 1,2-dioxygenase.  This enzyme participates in 2,4-dichlorobenzoate degradation.

Terephthalic acid
Terephthalic acid is an organic compound with formula C6H4(CO2H)2. This white solid is a commodity chemical, used principally as a precursor to the polyester PET, used to make clothing and plastic bottles. Several million tons are produced annually. The common name is derived from the turpentine-producing tree Pistacia terebinthus and phthalic acid.

Terephthalic acid is also used in the production of PBT plastic (polybutylene terephthalate).
2008 Icelandic presidential election
Presidential elections were planned to be held in Iceland on 28 June 2008.

The incumbent president Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson, first elected in 1996, stated in his New Year's speech that he would contest the election for a fourth term.

Ástþór Magnússon, who ran unsuccessfully in 1996 and 2004, ruled out running for the presidency.

No challenger to the incumbent president filed by the deadline to declare a candidacy on 24 May 2008, and so Ólafur Ragnar's fourth term was won uncontested.

Ólafur Ragnar was sworn in on 1 August 2008.

Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson
Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson (Icelandic: [ˈouːlavʏr ˈraknar ˈkrimsɔn] ⓘ; born 14 May 1943) is an Icelandic politician who was the fifth president of Iceland, serving from 1996 to 2016. He was previously a member of the Icelandic Parliament for the People's Alliance and served as Minister of Finance from 1988 to 1991.

Since the end of his presidency, Ólafur has been serving as Chairman of the Arctic Circle, a non-profit organization, and as Chairman of the International Renewable Energy Agency's Global Commission on the Geopolitics of Energy Transformation.
Elsas, Ontario
Elsas is an unincorporated place and railway point in geographic Kapuskasing Township, in the Unorganized North part of Algoma District in northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is on the Canadian National Railway transcontinental railway main line between the railway points of Agate to the west and Oatland to the east, and is the location of Elsas railway station, a stop for Via Rail transcontinental Canadian trains. The station and settlement are on the northern shore of Kapuskasing Lake, the source of the Kapuskasing River.

Kapuskasing Lake
Kapuskasing Lake is a lake in Algoma District and Sudbury District in northeastern Ontario, Canada. It is in the James Bay drainage basin and is the source of the Kapuskasing River. The majority of the lake is in geographic Kapuskasing Township, Algoma District, with just the southern tip in geographic Sherlock Township, Sudbury District.

The primary inflow at the southwest is the Chapleau River. The primary outflow is the Kapuskasing River at the northeast, of which the lake is the source. The Kapuskasing River flows via the Mattagami River and the Moose River to James Bay.

The settlement of Elsas is at the northern end of the lake, and the railway point of Agate is just northwest of the lake. Both settlements are on the Canadian National Railway transcontinental railway main line, completed in 1915 as the Canadian Northern Railway, which follows the northern shore of the lake. The line is served by Via Rail transcontinental Canadian trains which stop at Elsas railway station.
Tel Aviv Museum of Art
The Tel Aviv Museum of Art (Hebrew: מוּזֵאוֹן תֵּל אָבִיב לְאֻמָּנוּת, romanized: Muzēʾon Tēl ʾĀvīv Ləʾommānuṯ; Arabic: مَتْحَف تَلّ أَبِيب لِلفُنُون, romanized: Matḥaf Tall ʾAbīb Līl-funūn) is an art museum in Tel Aviv, Israel. The museum is dedicated to the preservation and display of modern and contemporary art both from Israel and around the world.

Helena Rubinstein
Helena Rubinstein (born Chaja Rubinstein; December 25, 1872 – April 1, 1965) was a Polish-American businesswoman, art collector, and philanthropist. A cosmetics entrepreneur, she was the founder and eponym of Helena Rubinstein Incorporated cosmetics company, which made her one of the world's richest women.
Metropolitan Borough of Bolton
The Metropolitan Borough of Bolton (/ˈboʊltən/ ⓘ BOHL-tən) is a metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England, named after its largest town, Bolton, but covering a larger area which includes Blackrod, Farnworth, Horwich, Kearsley, 
Westhoughton, and part of the West Pennine Moors. It had a population of 310,085 in 2024, making it the third-most populous district in Greater Manchester.

What is now the borough was created in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972; the area was formerly part of Lancashire. It was formed from seven urban districts from the administrative county of Lancashire, the southern part of an eighth urban district, and the county borough of Bolton. The metropolitan districts of Bury, Salford and Wigan lie to the east, south and west respectively; and the unitary authority of Blackburn with Darwen and the non-metropolitan district of Chorley in Lancashire to the north and north-west.

Blackrod
Blackrod is a town and civil parish situated within the Metropolitan Borough of Bolton in Greater Manchester, England. Nestled in the historic County of Lancashire, Blackrod is approximately four miles (six kilometres) northeast of Wigan and 6+1⁄2 miles (10.5 kilometres) west of Bolton. According to the United Kingdom Census of 2021, the town has a population of 5,345.

Blackrod was once a centre for coal mining.
The Point!
The Point! is the sixth studio album by American songwriter and musician Harry Nilsson, released in late 1970. It was accompanied by an animated film adaptation directed by Fred Wolf, which aired in early February 1971 on the ABC-TV network. Its lead single, "Me and My Arrow", peaked at number 34 on the Billboard Hot 100.

The Point! is a fable that tells the story of a boy named Oblio, the only round-headed person in the Pointed Village, where by law everyone and everything must have a point. Nilsson explained his inspiration for The Point!:

"I was on acid and I looked at the trees and I realized that they all came to points, and the little branches came to points, and the houses [each] came to [a] point. I thought, 'Oh! Everything has a point, and if it doesn't, then there's [still] a point to it.'"

Ron Pember
Ronald Henry Pember (11 April 1934 – 8 March 2022) was an English actor, stage director and dramatist. In a career stretching over thirty years, he was a character actor in British television productions in the 1970s and 1980s, usually in smaller parts or as a support playing a worldly-wise everyman.

Pember played the role of Alain Muny in the 1970s BBC drama series Secret Army. He also wrote Jack the Ripper (1974), a stage musical about the murder spree in London in the late 1880s, which is regularly produced by amateur theatre groups and companies around the world.
1998–99 Azadegan League
The 1998–99 Azadegan League was the eighth season of Iran's erstwhile top-level professional football league Azadegan League that was won by Persepolis. The following are the final results of the Azadegan League's 1998–99 football season.

Azadegan League
The Azadegan League (Persian: ليگ آزادگان, Lig-e Âzâdegân), also known as  League 1 (Persian: لیگ یک, Lig-e Yek), is the second highest division of professional football in Iran. It was the top-level football league in Iran from its foundation in 1991 until 2001, when the Persian Gulf Pro League was established.

Azadegan League operates on a system of promotion and relegation. Each year, the top finishing teams in the Azadegan League are promoted to the Persian Gulf Pro League, and the lowest finishing teams are relegated to League 2.

Since 2016, the league comprises 18 teams. The winner and the runner-up of the Azadegan League are automatically promoted to the Persian Gulf Pro League. The bottom three teams in the league are relegated to League 2. In the past, the format and number of teams were changed for various times.
The Summer Tic EP
The Summer Tic is the first EP by the American rock band Paramore. It was released on June 18, 2006, and was sold during the 2006 Warped Tour and the tour supporting their previously released album, All We Know Is Falling. Copies were also sold on the Fueled by Ramen store for a limited time. The name of the EP comes from a lyric of the song "Stuck on You", which is a cover of the Failure song. The EP includes an alternative version of "Emergency", a song which appeared on their debut studio album. The version features the original screaming done by former guitarist, Josh Farro, which was removed for All We Know Is Falling. It was rereleased as part of the 20th anniversary edition of All We Know Is Falling on July 25, 2025.

Emergency (Paramore song)
"Emergency" is a song by American rock band Paramore. It was released on October 21, 2005, as the second single from their debut studio album, All We Know Is Falling. It was released on 7" vinyl in the United Kingdom on August 26, 2006, and contained the B-side "Oh, Star," and a poster of the band. The song was written by Hayley Williams and Josh Farro. It failed to chart in the United States, however, it was released in Kerrang!s "Class of '06" compilation CD, calling it one of the best rock tracks of that year. An alternative post-hardcore version of the song, providing a heavier sound and screamed vocals, was released on The Summer Tic EP in 2006.
Bill Grant (politician)
William Grant (born 14 August 1951) is a Scottish Conservative Party politician who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Ayr, Carrick and Cumnock UK Parliamentary constituency from June 2017 to November 2019.

Ayr, Carrick and Cumnock
Ayr, Carrick and Cumnock is a county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was created for the 2005 general election from parts of the old Ayr and Carrick, Cumnock and Doon Valley constituencies. It has been represented since 2024 by Elaine Stewart of Scottish Labour.
Mr. Pottermack's Oversight
Mr. Pottermack's Oversight is a 1930 detective story by the British author R. Austin Freeman. Part of his long-running series of novels featuring the forensic investigator Doctor Thorndyke, it was published in London by Hodder and Stoughton and in New York City by Dodd, Mead. Freeman's Thorndyke stories stretched back to the Edwardian era, but this novel was released during the Golden Age of Detective Fiction. It is an inverted detective story in which the crime is shown early on and the preparator clearly shown. It was republished in 2024 as part of the British Library's Crime Classics series.

Dr. Thorndyke
Dr. John Evelyn Thorndyke is a fictional detective in a long series of 21 novels and 40 short stories by British author R. Austin Freeman (1862–1943). Thorndyke was described by his author as a 'medical jurispractitioner': originally a medical doctor, he turned to the bar and became one of the first — in modern parlance — forensic scientists. His solutions were based on his method of collecting all possible data (including dust and pond weed) and making inferences from them before looking at any of the protagonists and motives in the crimes. Freeman ensured that his methods were practical by conducting all experiments mentioned in the stories himself.
Ross 508
Ross 508 is a 13th magnitude red dwarf star, 11.2183 parsecs away. The Ross catalog is named after Frank Elmore Ross who published a first list of 86 high proper motion stars in 1925.
In 2022 it was discovered to have a super-Earth, Ross 508 b, orbiting every 10.77 days, detected by doppler spectroscopy.

Super-Earth
A super-Earth is a type of exoplanet with a mass higher than Earth's, but substantially below those of the Solar System's ice giants, Uranus and Neptune, which are 14.5 and 17.1 times Earth's mass respectively. The term "super-Earth" refers only to the mass of the planet, and so does not imply anything about the surface conditions or habitability. The alternative term "gas dwarfs" may be more accurate for those at the higher end of the mass scale, although "mini-Neptunes" is a more common term.