hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flory–Stockmayer theory
Flory–Stockmayer theory is a theory governing the cross-linking and gelation of step-growth polymers. The Flory–Stockmayer theory represents an advancement from the Carothers equation, allowing for the identification of the gel point for polymer synthesis not at stoichiometric balance. The theory was initially conceptualized by Paul Flory in 1941 and then was further developed by Walter Stockmayer in 1944 to include cross-linking with an arbitrary initial size distribution.
The Flory–Stockmayer theory was the first theory investigating percolation processes. Flory–Stockmayer theory is a special case of random graph theory of gelation.

Paul Flory
Paul John Flory (June 19, 1910 – September 9, 1985) was an American chemist and Nobel laureate who was known for his work in the field of polymers, or macromolecules. He was a pioneer in understanding the behavior of polymers in solution, and won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1974 "for his fundamental achievements, both theoretical and experimental, in the physical chemistry of macromolecules".
Fabricius (crater)
Fabricius is a lunar impact crater that is located within the northeast part of the walled plain Janssen. Attached to the north-northwest rim is the slightly larger crater Metius. Fabricius has multiple central peaks that rise to 0.8 km, with a rugged rise to the northwest running north–south. The rim is lumpy and somewhat distended, most noticeably to the southwest and south. It is 78 kilometers in diameter and 2,500 meters deep. It is from the Eratosthenian period, 3.2 to 1.1 billion years ago. It is named after David Fabricius, a 16th-century German astronomer.

David Fabricius
David Fabricius (9 March 1564 – 7 May 1617) was a Frisian pastor who made two major discoveries in the early days of telescopic astronomy, jointly with his eldest son, Johannes Fabricius (1587–1615).

David Fabricius (Latinization of his proper name David Faber, or David Goldschmidt; possibly Hebrew) was born at Esens, studied at the University of Helmstedt starting in 1583 and served as pastor for small towns near his birthplace in Frisia (now northwest Germany and northeast Netherlands), at Resterhafe near Dornum in 1584 and at Osteel in 1603. As was common for Protestant ministers of the day, he dabbled in science: his particular interest was astronomy. Fabricius corresponded with astronomer Johannes Kepler.
Chainsaw (Nick Jonas song)
"Chainsaw" is a song recorded by American singer Nick Jonas from his third studio album, Last Year Was Complicated. It was released on May 13, 2016, by Island, Safehouse and Republic Records as the album's second Promotional single. The song was written by Nick Jonas, Simon Wilcox, Sean Douglas, Julia Michaels and Nolan Lambroza.

Last Year Was Complicated
Last Year Was Complicated is the third studio album by American singer Nick Jonas. It was released on June 10, 2016, by Island and Safehouse Records. The album features collaborations with Tove Lo, Ty Dolla Sign, and Big Sean. The album's lead single, "Close", was released on March 25, 2016.
Electric Honey (label)
Electric Honey was founded in 1992 and is Glasgow Kelvin College's in-house record label run by Ken McCluskey (The Bluebells), Douglas MacIntyre (Creeping Bent) and formerly Alan Rankine (The Associates) along with students from the HNC/D Music Business course. The label celebrated its 25th year in 2017 with many events including the release of the debut album "Any Joy" from Scottish six-piece indie rock band; "Pronto Mama."

The label was described by Uncut magazine as being "The most successful student-run label in the world", thanks to the history of artists having releases with the imprint, including Belle & Sebastian, Snow Patrol and Biffy Clyro. The 2012 album 'Self Help' by Young Aviators became the biggest selling CD album in the labels history.

Affiliate labels were also run under Electric Honey for a period of time. Gdansk, which released electronic-based artists and Root 8 which specialised in world music.

Alan Rankine
Alan Rankine (17 May 1958 – 2 January 2023) was a Scottish musician and record producer best known as keyboardist and guitarist for rock band the Associates, which he co-founded with lead vocalist Billy Mackenzie in the late 1970s.
.25-35 Winchester
The .25-35 Winchester Center Fire (6.6x51mmR) was introduced in 1895 by Winchester for the Winchester Model 1894. Together with the .30-30 Winchester, it was one of the earliest smokeless cartridges designed in North America for a sporting rifle. Savage adopted it for its Savage Model 99 lever-action rifles. The case was based on the .30-30 cartridge.

Savage Model 99
The Savage Model 99, Model 1899, and their predecessor the Model 1895 are a series of hammerless lever action rifles created by the Savage Arms Company in Utica, New York. The Model 99 family featured a unique rotary magazine, and later added some detachable magazine models.
The rifle was extremely popular with big game hunters and was even issued to the Montreal Home Guard during the First World War.
Samaritan (novel)
Samaritan is a novel by Richard Price, first published in 2003. It tells the story of a wealthy screenwriter who returns to his impoverished neighborhood in Dempsey, New Jersey, where he begins to help others. His motivations and their ramifications are explored. Throughout the novel, various characters help others, with each good deed having different repercussions. The hardcover artwork was later reused for the album Wallflowers: Collected 1996-2005.

Richard Price (writer)
Richard Price (born on October 12, 1949) is an American novelist and screenwriter, known for the books The Wanderers (1974), Clockers (1992) and Lush Life (2008). Price's novels explore late-20th-century urban America in a gritty, realistic manner that has brought him considerable literary acclaim. Several of his novels are set in a fictional northern New Jersey city called Dempsy.

Price has also written screenplays for television dramas such as The Wire, The Outsider, The Night Of, and The Deuce. For writing The Color of Money (1986), a feature film directed by Martin Scorsese and based on the 1984 novel of the same name by Walter Tevis, Price received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.
Beach Break (2021)
The 2021 Beach Break was a professional wrestling television special produced by All Elite Wrestling (AEW). It was the inaugural Beach Break and took place on February 3, 2021, at Daily's Place in Jacksonville, Florida, broadcast live on TNT as a special episode of AEW's weekly television program, Wednesday Night Dynamite. It replaced Bash at the Beach as the promotion's annual midwinter beach-themed event.

In the main event, Kenny Omega and The Good Brothers (Doc Gallows and Karl Anderson) defeated Jon Moxley and Death Triangle (Pac and Rey Fénix).

Maxwell Jacob Friedman
Maxwell Tyler Friedman (born March 15, 1996), better known by the ring name Maxwell Jacob Friedman or simply MJF, is an American professional wrestler and actor. He has been signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW) since it was founded in January 2019, where he is the current and two-time AEW World Champion, with his first reign being the longest in the title's history.

Friedman previously worked for Major League Wrestling (MLW), where he became a one-time MLW World Tag Team Champion and a one-time and inaugural MLW World Middleweight Champion. He has also worked on the American independent circuit for promotions such as Combat Zone Wrestling (CZW), where he became a one-time CZW World Heavyweight Champion and a one-time CZW Wired Champion. In 2019, he signed with AEW, where he has since become a two-time AEW World Champion, with his first reign being the longest reign for the title at 406 days, a one-time AEW International Champion, and a record six-time AEW Dynamite Diamond Ring winner.
Jinamoc Seaplane Base
Jinamoc Seaplane Base is a former World War II seaplane base on Jinamoc Island,  San Pedro Bay, Leyte Gulf, Philippines, part of the Leyte-Samar Naval Base. Construction commenced in December 1944 with grading for a seaplane ramp; a pontoon barge was then floated into position and submerged.

In May 1945 a more permanent 200-foot (61 m) steel and concrete ramp was constructed alongside 1.5 miles (2.4 km) of access roads constructed. Taxiways and hardstands were graded and surfaced. Facilities included 75 quonset huts, a 200-bed dispensary, a water supply and utilities. Jinamoc had already begun operation on 14 January 1945.

US Navy units based here included:

VP-25 6–25 February 1945

VP-33 1–16 March 1945: 212–7

VP-43 June 1945 – June 1946: 240–2

VPB-17 9 March-27 April 1945: 418–20

VPB-20 8–26 February 1945: 425–7

No. 42 Squadron RAAF maintained a detachment at Jinamoc from March to May 1945.

VP-25
VP-25 was a Patrol Squadron of the U.S. Navy. The squadron was established as Patrol Squadron 25 (VP-25) on 20 April 1944, redesignated Patrol Bombing Squadron 25 (VPB-25) on 1 October 1944, redesignated Patrol Squadron 25 (VP-25) on 15 May 1946 and disestablished on 28 June 1946. It was the second squadron to be designated VP-25, the first VP-25 was redesignated VP-23 on 1 August 1941.
Political Animal (radio show)
Political Animal is a performance and radio show created by British comedians John Oliver and Andy Zaltzman in which various stand-up comedians perform political material.

Political Animal began at the 2004 Edinburgh Festival Fringe and has returned regularly since, it was initially co-hosted by Zaltzman and Oliver but since 2006 hosted by Zaltzman alone except for some of the 2011 fringe where Oliver returned. In 2007 Political Animal also became a radio series on BBC Radio 4. It returned for a second series in 2008, running for 10 episodes. The series took the form of a stand-up show, with Zaltzman and Oliver performing in between the acts they introduced.

Previous guests have included Frankie Boyle, Daniel Kitson, Stewart Lee, Richard Herring, Jeremy Hardy, Marcus Brigstocke, Robert Newman, Chris Addison, Russell Howard and Russell Brand.

Russell Howard
Russell Joseph Howard (born 23 March 1980) is an English comedian, television presenter, radio presenter and actor. He has hosted his own television shows, Russell Howard's Good News and The Russell Howard Hour, and appeared on the topical panel TV show Mock the Week.  He won "Best Compère" at the 2006 Chortle Awards and was nominated for an Edinburgh Comedy Award for his 2006 Edinburgh Festival Fringe show. Howard has cited comedians Lee Evans, Richard Pryor, and Frank Skinner as influences.
Skyland, North Carolina
Skyland is an unincorporated community in Buncombe County, North Carolina, United States. It is on U.S. Route 25, where North Carolina Highway 146 starts, east of Interstate 26. It is north of Royal Pines, south of Biltmore Forest, and a suburb of Asheville.  The ZIP Code for Skyland is 28776.

U.S. Route 25 in North Carolina
U.S. Highway 25 (US 25) is a north–south United States Numbered Highway that runs for 75.4 miles (121.3 km) from the South Carolina state line, near Tuxedo, to the Tennessee state line, near Hot Springs. It is part of the longer US 25, which runs from Brunswick, Georgia, to Covington, Ohio. It is a major north–south route through Western North Carolina.

The route is mostly expressway or freeway grade, except for the section through the city of Asheville, where it follows several city streets. Two short sections are cosigned with Interstate 26 (I-26), and the northernmost 28 miles (45 km) are cosigned with US 70. It originally followed the route of the historic Dixie Highway, though, in several places, it bypasses the original route on new alignments, several of which are now signed as either North Carolina Highway 225 (NC 225), NC 251, or US 25 Business (US 25 Bus.).
Irsa Ghazal
Irsa Ghazal is a Pakistani television actress known for her roles in television serials such as Mirat-ul-Uroos (1988), Ullu Baraye Farokht Nahi (2013), Yeh Mera Deewanapan Hai (2015), O Rangreza (2017), Aangan (2018), Ishq Jalebi (2021), Mannat Murad (2023), and Aye Ishq E Junoon (2024)

Aye Ishq e Junoon
Aye Ishq e Junoon is a romantic, thriller Pakistani television series directed by Qasim Ali Mureed, written by Sadia Akhter and produced by Six Sigma Plus Productions. It aired from November 11, 2024, to March 10, 2025, on ARY Digital, starring Sheheryar Munawar and Ushna Shah in the lead roles. The final episode of the series was broadcast on March 10, 2025.
Heckscher Museum of Art
The Heckscher Museum of Art is an American art museum.

It is named after its benefactors, Anna and August Heckscher, who in 1920 donated 185 works of art to be housed in a new Beaux-Arts building located in Heckscher Park, in Huntington, New York. The museum has over 2,300 works of art, focused on American and Long Island artists, as well as featuring American and European modernism, and photography. The most famous painting in the collection is George Grosz's Eclipse of the Sun (1926). Four to five changing exhibitions are featured each year.

Eclipse of the Sun (Grosz)
Eclipse of the Sun is an oil-on-canvas painting by German artist George Grosz, painted in 1926. It is held at the Heckscher Museum of Art, in Huntington, New York, where it is the most famous painting.
Dão River
Dão (Portuguese pronunciation: [dɐ̃w]) is a Portuguese river that originates in the plateau regions of Trancoso-Aguiar da Beira in the Eirado parish, Aguiar da Beira Municipality, Guarda District, and varies between 714 and 757 metres (2,343 and 2,484 ft) in elevation.

It flows in a general northeast–southwest direction, passing through Barragem de Fagilde and crosses or demarcates the limits of the councils of Aguiar da Beira, Penalva do Castelo, Mangualde, Viseu, Carregal do Sal, Nelas, Tondela, and Santa Comba Dão.  It empties into the Mondego River, in the limits of the councils of Santa Comba Dão, Mortágua, and Penacova, after covering about 100 kilometres (62 mi).

Its granite-sloped valley is situated in the "Região Demarcada do Dão", where the Vinho do Dão wines are produced.

Penalva do Castelo
Penalva do Castelo is a town in Portugal in the district of Viseu, situated in the province of Beira Alta Province, the Centro (Beiras Region) and the Viseu Dão-Lafões subregion, with around 2000 inhabitants.

It is the seat of the Municipality of Penalva do Castelo, covering 134.34 km² and 7333 inhabitants (2021), divided into 11 civil parishes. The municipality borders Sátão to the north, Aguiar da Beira to the northeast, Fornos de Algodres to the east, Mangualde to the south and Viseu to the west.
Arturo Nuvolari
Arturo Nuvolari (7 July 1863 – 17 December 1938) was an Italian professional racing cyclist. He was the father of the motor and car racing ace Tazio Nuvolari. The highlight of his career was winning the silver medal at the 1893 Italian Road Racing Championship in Alessandria. His brother Giuseppe was a multiple champion in the Motor-paced racing discipline.

Tazio Nuvolari
Tazio Giorgio Nuvolari (Italian: [ˈtattsjo ˈdʒordʒo nuvoˈlaːri]; 16 November 1892 – 11 August 1953) was an Italian racing driver. He first raced motorcycles and then concentrated on sports cars and Grand Prix racing. Originally of Mantua, he was nicknamed il Mantovano Volante ("the Flying Mantuan") and Nuvola ("Cloud"). His victories—72 major races, 150 in all—included 24 Grands Prix, five Coppa Cianos, two Mille Miglias, two Targa Florios, two RAC Tourist Trophies, a Le Mans 24-hour race, and a European Championship in Grand Prix racing. Ferdinand Porsche called him "the greatest driver of the past, the present, and the future".
Détroya
Détroya is a village in western Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Guessabo, Zoukougbeu Department, Haut-Sassandra Region, Sassandra-Marahoué District.

Détroya was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Sassandra-Marahoué District
Sassandra-Marahoué District (French: District du  Sassandra-Marahoué, [sa.sɑ̃d.ʁa ma.ʁa.we]) is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the central part of the country. The capital of the district is Daloa.
Happy Apple
Happy Apple is an American jazz trio from Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Initially formed in 1996 by David King (drums), Michael Lewis (saxophone), Anton Denner (saxophone) and Cully Swansen (bass), since 1998 the lineup has consisted of King, Lewis, and bass guitarist Erik Fratzke.

All three members compose music for the group, which places equal emphasis on improvisation. Happy Apple plays a brand of jazz music drawing on several other genres; the group's members play in other bands ranging from indie rock and heavy metal to free jazz and electronic. The best known of these is The Bad Plus, in which King also plays drums.

The name Happy Apple comes from a Fisher-Price toy from the 1970s which King often uses as an auxiliary percussion instrument.

Michael Lewis (musician)
Michael Lewis is an American saxophonist and bassist from Minneapolis, Minnesota. He is a founding member of the contemporary jazz groups Happy Apple and Fat Kid Wednesdays. He plays electric bass in Alpha Consumer and saxophone in Bon Iver. He is also a member of the group Gayngs and formerly the hip hop group Fog.

Lewis has recorded and performed live with Andrew Bird's band as well as Dosh. He has also recorded with the Tallest Man on Earth.
Geçitli, Hakkâri
Geçitli (Kurdish: Peyanis) is a village in the central district of Hakkâri Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Gewdan and Pinyanişî tribes and had a population of 1,509 in 2023. Geçitli is the most populous village in the central district of Hakkâri Province.

Hakkâri District
37°34′28.88″N 43°44′10.32″E﻿ / ﻿37.5746889°N 43.7362000°E﻿ / 37.5746889; 43.7362000

Hakkâri District is the central district of the Hakkâri Province in Turkey. The district had a population of 77,273 people in 2023 with the city of Hakkâri being its seat. Its area is 2,179 km2.

The district was established in 1935.
Berkeley SkyDeck
Berkeley SkyDeck (SkyDeck) is an entrepreneurship startup accelerator and incubator program which serves as a joint venture between the Haas School of Business and Berkeley College of Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley. Founded in 2012, SkyDeck promotes research and entrepreneurship in Silicon Valley. It has become a top university incubator in both the United States and also worldwide.

UC Berkeley College of Engineering
The University of California, Berkeley College of Engineering (branded as Berkeley Engineering) is the engineering school of the University of California, Berkeley (a land-grant research university in Berkeley, California). Established in 1931, it occupies fourteen buildings on the northeast side of the main campus and also operates the 150-acre (61-hectare) Richmond Field Station. It is also considered highly selective and is consistently ranked among the top engineering schools in both the nation and the world.
Antón Ruiz River
The Antón Ruiz River (Spanish: Río Antón Ruiz) is a river of Humacao and Naguabo in Puerto Rico. It is 6.73 miles long, having its origins at the Collores and Mambiche Creeks of barrio Antón Ruiz, in the northeastern hills of the San Lorenzo Batholith, and its source at the Vieques Sound (Canal de Vieques). The river forms the natural boundary between the municipalities of Humacao and Naguabo throughout its Pterocarpus-forested delta, which is protected by the Humacao Nature Reserve.

A bridge carrying Puerto Rico Highway 3 and another bridge carrying Puerto Rico Highway 53 cross over the Antón Ruiz River in Humacao.

Humacao Nature Reserve
Humacao Nature Reserve (Spanish: Reserva Natural de Humacao), or the Punta Santiago Nature Reserve, is a nature reserve located in the southeastern coast of Puerto Rico, between the municipalities of Humacao (Punta Santiago) and Naguabo (Río). The 3,000-acre nature reserve was established in 1986 (under the name Humacao Wildlife Refuge) to protect and preserve the remaining Pterocarpus forest ecosystem in the area, along with its surrounding wetlands and mangrove forests.
Paithrukam
Paithrukam (Heritage) is a 1993 Indian Malayalam-language drama film, directed by Jayaraaj, starring Suresh Gopi, Narendra Prasad, and Jayaram. Scripted by Kaloor Dennis, this film revolves around a traditional Brahmin family and the fight between their beliefs and atheism.

S. P. Venkatesh
S. P. Venkatesh (5 March 1955 – 3 February 2026), also credited as Sangeetharajan or Sangeetha Raja, was an Indian music director and composer who primarily worked in Malayalam films besides Tamil and Kannada films. He was at his prime in the late 1980s and 1990s, being reputed for his background scores and songs in Malayalam cinema.
Jesse Q. Sutanto
Jesse Q. Sutanto is a Chinese-Indonesian author. As of 2023, she has published nine novels for adults, young adults, and middle-grade readers. She is most famous for her novels Dial A for Aunties and Vera Wong's Unsolicited Advice for Murderers. Dial A for Aunties won the 2021 Comedy Women in Print Prize and has been optioned for a film by Netflix.

Dial A for Aunties
Dial A for Aunties is a comedy caper novel written by Chinese-Indonesian author Jesse Q. Sutanto. It is the first book in a trilogy and was followed by Four Aunties and a Wedding (2022) and The Good, the Bad, and the Aunties (2024). Sutanto was awarded the Comedy Women in Print Prize for the novel.
Birender Singh (politician, born 1921)
Maharaja Rao Birender Singh (20 February 1921 – 30 September 2009) was an Indian politician. He served first as a minister in the state government of Punjab and then as Chief Minister of Haryana, and also served as a minister in Punjab state, Haryana state and the Union cabinet. He also served as the second Speaker (first male speaker) of Haryana state assembly in 1967. He coined an Indian political vocabulary Aaya Ram, Gaya Ram to describe the practice of frequently floor-crossing by legislature.

Aaya Ram Gaya Ram
Aaya Ram Gaya Ram (lit. 'Ram has come, Ram has gone') is a Hindi expression referring to turncoats, who switch parties in the context of a legislative body. The term originated in 1967 in Haryana when the Member of the Legislative Assembly Gaya Lal shifted his party allegiances thrice within two weeks. Lal’s behavior eventually resulted in the imposition of President’s rule in Haryana later that year. Further pressure resulted in the passage of an anti-defection law in 1985. However, the practice of defection is still found today in state legislatures in India, albeit to a more limited extent.
Loch Coulter
56°03′5.6″N 3°59′13.3″W﻿ / ﻿56.051556°N 3.987028°W﻿ / 56.051556; -3.987028

Loch Coulter is a loch and reservoir in Stirlingshire. It lies to the north-west of Denny and north-east of the Carron Valley.

The Loch flow towards Stirling along the Loch Coulter Burn and provides drinking water for the area. It is feed from the Auchenbowie burn from the River Carron. The loch is also used for angling and is leased to LASAC, the Larbert and Stenhousemuir Angling Club. The waters of the loch also supply the nearby Howietoun Fishery established by James Ramsay-Gibson-Maitland in the 19th century.

River Carron, Forth
The Carron (Gaelic: Carrann) is a river in central Scotland, rising in the Campsie Fells and flowing along Strathcarron into the Firth of Forth. It has given its name to several locations in Stirlingshire, as well as a type of cannon, a line of bathtubs, two warships, and an island in the Southern Hemisphere.