hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Verona Villafranca Airport
Verona Villafranca Airport (IATA: VRN, ICAO: LIPX), also known as Valerio Catullo Airport or Villafranca Airport, is located 10 km (6.2 mi) southwest of Verona, Italy. The airport is situated next to the junction of A4 Milan-Venice and A22 Modena-Brenner motorways. It serves a population of more than 4 million inhabitants in the provinces of Verona, Brescia, Mantua, Trentino, and South Tyrol.

Province of Verona
The province of Verona (Italian: provincia di Verona) is a province of the Veneto region in Italy. On its northwestern border, Lake Garda—Italy's largest—is divided between Verona and the provinces of Brescia (Lombardy region) and Trentino (Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol region). Its capital is the city of Verona. The city is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The province is cosmopolitan in nature. It is bordered by Italian Tyrol in the north, province of Vicenza and province of Padua in the east, province of Rovigo and province of Mantua in the south, and Lake Garda in the west. From north to south the maximum extent of the province is 50 miles while it is 25 miles from east to west.
Bounded mean oscillation
In harmonic analysis in mathematics, a function of bounded mean oscillation, also known as a BMO function, is a real-valued function whose mean oscillation is bounded (finite). The space of functions of bounded mean oscillation (BMO), is a function space that, in some precise sense, plays the same role in the theory of Hardy spaces Hp that the space L∞ of essentially bounded functions plays in the theory of Lp-spaces: it is also called John–Nirenberg space, after Fritz John and Louis Nirenberg who introduced and studied it for the first time.

Fritz John
Fritz John (14 June 1910 – 10 February 1994) was a German-born mathematician specialising in partial differential equations and ill-posed problems.  His early work was on the Radon transform and he is remembered for John's equation. He was a 1984 MacArthur Fellow.
Yanam
Yanam (Telugu: [jaːnaːw̃]) (previously Yanaon, (French: [janaɔ̃])) is a town located in the Yanam district in Puducherry, India. It has a population of 35,000 and is entirely surrounded by Andhra Pradesh. It was formerly a French colony for nearly 200 years, and, though united with India in 1954, is still sometimes known as "French Yanam". It possesses a blend of French culture and the Telugu culture, nicknamed Frelugu. During French rule, the Tuesday market (Marché du mardi or Maṃgaḷavaram Saṃta) at Yanam was popular among the Telugu people in the Madras Presidency, who visited Yanam to buy foreign and smuggled goods during Yanam People's Festival held in January.

French people in India
The French community in India consists mainly of Indian citizens of French ancestry who are descended from former French settlers and colonists who settled in the Indian subcontinent since the 17th century, as well as recent expatriates from France.
Sfeir
Sfeir (Arabic: صفير) is a Maronite surname from Lebanon. Notable people with the surname include:

Alfredo Sfeir (born 1947), Chilean economist, spiritual leader and healer

Andree Sfeir-Semler (born 1953), art historian and gallery owner

Antoine Sfeir (1948–2018), Franco-Lebanese journalist and professor

Dahd Sfeir (1932–2015), Uruguayan actress

Jacqueline Sfeir (1956–2013), Palestinian educator and academic

Mauricio González Sfeir (born 1956), Bolivian petroleum company executive and soccer promoter

Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir (1920–2019), cardinal and patriarch of the Maronite Church

Salim Sfeir (born 1944), Lebanese – Swiss banker and financier

Antoine Sfeir
Antoine Sfeir, (November 25, 1948, Beirut, Lebanon - October 1, 2018, Paris, France), was a journalist and political scientist and author of numerous works on subjects related to the Middle East and the Muslim world.

Founder of Les Cahiers de l'Orient (Notebooks from the East), he chaired the Center for Studies and Reflection on the Near East (Cerpo) and the Free Institute for the Study of International Relations (ILERI), and taught international relations at the CELSA Sorbonne University.
Radial collateral ligament of wrist joint
The radial collateral ligament (external lateral ligament, radial carpal collateral ligament) extends from the tip of the styloid process of the radius and attaches to the radial side of the scaphoid (formerly navicular bone of the hand), immediately adjacent to its proximal articular surface and some fibres extend to the lateral side of the trapezium (greater multangular bone).

It is in relation with the radial artery, which separates the ligament from the tendons of the Abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis.

The radial collateral ligament's role is to limit ulnar deviation at the wrist.

Radius (bone)
The radius or radial bone (pl.: radii or radiuses) is one of the two large bones of the forearm, the other being the ulna. It extends from the lateral side of the elbow to the thumb side of the wrist and runs parallel to the ulna. The ulna is longer than the radius, but the radius is thicker. The radius is a long bone, prism-shaped and slightly curved longitudinally.

The radius is part of three joints: the elbow and the wrist, both of which are synovial joints; and the radioulnar joint, which is a syndesmosis. At the elbow, it joins with the capitulum of the humerus, and in a separate region, with the ulna at the radial notch. At the wrist, the radius forms a joint with the ulna bone. The radioulnar joint allows for supination and pronation of the forearm.

The corresponding bone in the leg is the tibia.
Subrata Roy Chowdhury
Subrata Roy Chowdhury is an Indian lawyer in the Supreme Court of India and in the Calcutta High Court. He is known for his works on international human rights law. He reviewed the proclamation of independence of Bangladesh written by M Amir-ul Islam in 1971.

Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence
The Proclamation of Bangladeshi Independence (Bengali: বাংলাদেশের স্বাধীনতার ঘোষণাপত্র), refers to the declaration of independence of East Pakistan as Bangladesh on 26 March 1971, at the onset of the Bangladesh Liberation War by Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Next day on March 27 after Pakistan's brutal Operation Searchlight began killing unarmed people, Major Ziaur Rahman, broadcast the message on radio on behalf of detained leader Sheikh Mujibur Rahman from the Swadhin Bangla Betar Kendra radio station in Kalurghat, Chattogram. On 10 April, the Provisional Government of Bangladesh issued a proclamation on the basis of the previous declaration and established an interim constitution for the independence movement.
Club cell
Club cells, also known as bronchiolar exocrine cells, are low columnar/cuboidal cells with short microvilli, found in the small airways (bronchioles) of the lungs. They were formerly known as Clara cells.

Club cells are found in the ciliated simple epithelium. These cells may secrete glycosaminoglycans to protect the bronchiole lining. Bronchiolar cells gradually increase in number as the number of goblet cells decrease.

One of the main functions of club cells is to protect the bronchiolar epithelium. They do this by secreting a small variety of products, including club cell secretory protein uteroglobin, and a solution similar in composition to pulmonary surfactant. They are also responsible for detoxifying harmful substances inhaled into the lungs. Club cells accomplish this with cytochrome P450 enzymes found in their smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Club cells also act as a stem cell, multiplying and differentiating into ciliated cells to regenerate the bronchiolar epithelium.

Uteroglobin
Uteroglobin, or blastokinin, also known as secretoglobin family 1A member 1 (SCGB1A1), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SCGB1A1 gene.

SCGB1A1 is the founding member of the secretoglobin family of small, secreted, disulfide-bridged dimeric proteins found only in mammals. This antiparallel disulfide linked homodimeric protein is multifunctional and found in various tissues in various names such as: uteroglobin (UG, UGB), uteroglobin-like antigen (UGL), blastokinin, club-cell secretory protein (CCSP), Clara-cell 16 kD protein (17 in rat/mice), club-cell-specific 10 kD protein (CC10), human protein 1, urine protein 1 (UP-1), polychlorinated biphenyl-binding protein (PCB-BP), human club cell phospholipid-binding protein (hCCPBP), secretoglobin 1A member 1 (SCGB1A1).

This protein is specifically expressed in club cells in the lungs.
Plyussa (river)
The Plyussa (Russian: Плюсса) is a river in Plyussky and Gdovsky Districts of Pskov Oblast and in Slantsevsky District of Leningrad Oblast in Russia. It is a right tributary of the Narva. It is 281 kilometres (175 mi) long, and the area of its basin 6,550 square kilometres (2,530 sq mi). The urban-type settlement of Plyussa and the town of Slantsy are located on the banks of the Plyussa.

The source of the Plyussa is in Lake Zapluysskoye in the eastern part of Plyussky District. The river flows south and turns northwest. In Gdovsky District, it gradually turns north and enters Leningrad Oblast. Below the town of Slantsy, the natural course of the Plyussa is made a water reservoir, a bay of the Narva Reservoir. The mouth of the Plyussa is in the southern bay of the Narva Reservoir.

The river gave its name to the Treaty of Plussa, concluded at its banks. The treaty ended the Livonian War between Sweden and Russia in 1583.

Until the 1990s, the river was used for timber rafting.

Plyussky District
Plyussky District (Russian: Плю́сский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-four in Pskov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the oblast and borders with Slantsevsky District of Leningrad Oblast in the north, Luzhsky District of Leningrad Oblast in the northeast, Shimsky District of Novgorod Oblast in the east, Strugo-Krasnensky District in the south, and with Gdovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 2,767 square kilometers (1,068 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Plyussa. Population: 9,187 (2010 Census); 11,610 (2002 Census); 13,988 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Plyussa accounts for 37.6% of the district's total population.
2013 Tour of Hainan
The 2013 Tour of Hainan was the eighth edition of the Tour of Hainan cycling stage race. It was rated as a 2.HC event on the UCI Asia Tour, and was held between 20 and 28 October 2013, in Hainan. It was won by Moreno Hofland, in his first professional victory ever. Hofland won 3 stages, his teammate Theo Bos won the other six; it was the first time that a cycling team won all stages and the general classification in a UCI HC event.

Moreno Hofland
Moreno Hofland (born 31 August 1991) is a Dutch former professional road bicycle racer, who rode professionally between 2010 and 2021 for the Rabobank Continental Team, LottoNL–Jumbo, Lotto–Soudal and EF Education–Nippo teams.

During his professional career, Hofland took thirteen victories including five at the Tour of Hainan – four stage wins across the 2013 and 2014 races, and the general classification victory in 2013. As well as this, Hofland won the bronze medal in the road race at the 2017 European Road Championships in Denmark, and was the winner of the 2014 Volta Limburg Classic and 2017 Famenne Ardenne Classic one-day races.
R569 road (Ireland)
The R569 road is a regional road in County Kerry, Ireland. It travels from the N71 road at Kenmare to the N22, via the village of Kilgarvan. The road follows the course of the Roughty River for the greater part of its route. The R569 is 25.0 kilometres (15.5 mi) long.

Kenmare
Kenmare (Irish: Neidín, meaning 'the little nest') is a small town in the south of County Kerry, Ireland. The name Kenmare is the anglicised form of Ceann Mara, meaning "head of the sea", referring to the head of Kenmare Bay. It is also a townland and civil parish.
Maoping Hui Ethnic Town
Maoping (simplified Chinese: 茅坪回族镇; traditional Chinese: 茅坪回族鎮; pinyin: Máopíng Huí Zú Zhèn) is an ethnic town for Hui people, currently under the administration of Zhen'an County, Shaanxi, China. As of 2018, it has seven villages under its administration.

Ethnic townships, towns, and sums
Ethnic townships (officially translated as nationality townships), ethnic towns, and ethnic sums are fourth-level administrative units designated for ethnic minorities of political divisions in the People's Republic of China. They are not considered to be autonomous and do not enjoy the laws pertaining to the larger ethnic autonomous areas such as autonomous regions, autonomous prefectures, autonomous counties, and autonomous banners. However, what defines an ethnic township is that the law requires that its head of government be a member of the titular ethnic minority.

The only ethnic sum is the Evenk Ethnic Sum in Old Barag Banner, Inner Mongolia.
Lockyer (lunar crater)
Lockyer is a lunar impact crater that is located along the western wall of the large walled plain Janssen. It was named after British astrophysicist Norman Lockyer. This crater is roughly circular with a slight outward bulge along the eastern side. The edge of the rim is only lightly eroded, with an indentation in the side to the north-northwest. The interior floor is relatively featureless, except for a small crater along the edge of the southern inner wall.

Norman Lockyer
Sir Joseph Norman Lockyer (17 May 1836 – 16 August 1920) was an English scientist and astronomer. Along with the French scientist Pierre Janssen, he is credited with discovering the gas helium.  Lockyer also is remembered for being the founder and first editor of the influential journal Nature.
Chris Ijeli
Chris Iwegbu Ifechukwude Ijeli is a Nigerian civil engineer and business executive. He is the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of Dorman Long Engineering Limited, one of West Africa’s oldest engineering and fabrication companies involved in oilfield equipment, structural steel, and EPC projects.

Dorman Long Engineering Limited
Dorman Long Engineering Limited is a Nigerian engineering and fabrication company that provides structural steelwork, industrial equipment manufacturing, and oil and gas engineering services. The company is headquartered in Lagos and operates across multiple industrial sectors including energy, power, and infrastructure.
2022 Denbighshire Urdd National Eisteddfod
The 2022 Denbighshire Urdd National Eisteddfod (Welsh: Eisteddfod Genedlaethol yr Urdd, Sir Ddinbych 2022) was held near Denbigh, Denbighshire, Wales, from 30 May to 4 June 2022. This was the second time the Urdd National Eisteddfod of Wales had been held with free entry.

Because of the COVID-19 pandemic it was the first time an Urdd Eisteddfod had been held since the Cardiff and Vale Urdd National Eisteddfod in 2019.

118,000 visitors attended the event during the week.

Denbigh
Denbigh (/ˈdɛnbi/ DEN-bee; Welsh: Dinbych [ˈdɪnbɨχ]) is a market town and a community in Denbighshire, Wales. It was the original county town of the historic county of Denbighshire created in 1536. Denbigh's Welsh name (Dinbych) translates to "Little Fortress"; a reference to its historic castle. Denbigh lies near the Clwydian Hills.

The town developed around Denbigh Castle, built in 1282, and the walled settlement that followed under Edward I. Over the centuries, it became known as a stronghold, a busy market town, and an administrative hub. Although Denbigh has seen times of conflict and decline, its medieval walls, castle ruins, and historic centre still shape its character today. According to the 2021 census, the town has a population of about 8,669.
Basil Guy (bishop)
Christianity portal

Basil Tudor Guy (9 March 1910 – 29 April 1975) was an Anglican bishop in the 20th century.

Guy was born on 9 March 1910 and educated at Forest School and Keble College, Oxford. After a curacy at Wanstead, he was Vicar of  Bradninch then St Eustachius' Church, Tavistock  before his appointment as Archdeacon of Bedford in 1956. A year later he was elevated to  Bishop of Bedford in 1957. Five years later he was translated to Gloucester where he stayed until his death from cancer on 29 April 1975.

Forest School, Walthamstow
Forest School is a private day school in Walthamstow in the London Borough of Waltham Forest. The school occupies a large campus around its original Grade II listed Georgian and Victorian terraced buildings. The school has more than 1,430 pupils, aged 4 to 18, split equally between boys and girls.
Eskimo words for snow
The claim that Eskimo words for snow are unusually numerous, particularly in contrast to English, is a cliché commonly used to support the controversial linguistic relativity hypothesis. In linguistic terminology, the relevant languages are the Eskaleut languages, specifically the Yupik and Inuit varieties.

The strongest interpretation of the linguistic relativity hypothesis posits that a language's vocabulary (among other features) shapes or limits its speakers' view of the world. This interpretation is widely criticized by linguists, though a 2010 study supports the core notion that the Yupik and Inuit languages have many more root words for frozen variants of water than the English language. The original claim is loosely based in the work of anthropologist Franz Boas and was particularly promoted by his contemporary, Benjamin Lee Whorf. The idea is commonly tied to larger discussions on the connections between language and thought.

Linguistic determinism
Linguistic determinism is the concept that language and its structures limit and determine human knowledge or thought, as well as thought processes such as categorization, memory, and perception. The term implies that people's native languages will affect their thought process and therefore people will have different thought processes based on their mother tongues.

Linguistic determinism is the strong form of linguistic relativism (popularly known as the Sapir–Whorf hypothesis), which argues that individuals experience the world based on the structure of the language they habitually use. Since the 20th century, linguistic determinism has largely been discredited by studies and abandoned within linguistics, cognitive science, and related fields.
Life (cereal)
Life is a breakfast cereal produced by the Quaker Oats Company. Introduced in 1961, the cereal has a brown, checked square pattern and mainly consists of oat flour, corn flour, added sugar, and whole-wheat flour. As of 2018, because of the numerous varieties the cereal has, the original cereal is now marketed as "Life Original Multigrain Cereal".

Quaker Oats Company
The Quaker Oats Company, known as Quaker, is an American food conglomerate based in Chicago, Illinois. As Quaker Mill Company, the company was founded in 1877 in Ravenna, Ohio. In 1881, Henry Parsons Crowell bought the company and launched a national advertising campaign for Quaker Oats.

In 1911, the company acquired the Great Western Cereal Company. The iconic cylindrical package was introduced in 1915. The company's logo, which depicts a Quaker man, has had several iterations.

In 1983, Quaker acquired Stokely-Van Camp, Inc., the maker of Van Camp's and Gatorade. In 2001, PepsiCo bought Quaker Oats for $14 billion, primarily to acquire the Gatorade brand.
KLGD
KLGD is an FM radio station licensed to Stamford, Texas that serves the Abilene, Texas area with classic country music. The KLGD studio is located in Abilene, and the transmitter is located west of Stamford in northern Jones County.

Stamford, Texas
Stamford is a city on the border of Jones and Haskell counties in west-central Texas, United States. The population was 2,907 at the 2020 census. Henry McHarg, president of the Texas Central Railroad, named the site in 1900 for his hometown of Stamford, Connecticut. The city is home to the Texas Cowboy Reunion.

Stamford is on US 277 and SH 6. Most of the city is in Jones County. The portion of the city within Jones County is part of the Abilene Metro Area.
Pointed Roofs
Pointed Roofs, published in 1915, is the first work (she called it a "chapter") in Dorothy Richardson's series of 13 semi-autobiographical novels titled Pilgrimage, and the first complete stream of consciousness novel published in English. The novelist May Sinclair (1863–1946) first applied the term "stream of consciousness" in a review of Pointed Roofs (The Egoist April 1918).

Miriam Henderson, the central character in Pilgrimage, is based on the author's own life between 1891 and 1915. In Pointed Roofs, seventeen-year-old Miriam Henderson has her first adventure as an adult teaching English at a finishing school in Hanover, Germany. Richardson herself had left home in 1891, at seventeen, to take up the post of student teacher at a school in Hanover, because of her father's financial problems.

Stream of consciousness
In literary criticism, stream of consciousness is a narrative mode or method that attempts "to depict the multitudinous thoughts and feelings which pass through the mind" of a narrator. It is usually in the form of an interior monologue which is disjointed or has irregular punctuation. While critics have pointed to various literary precursors, it was not until the 20th century that this technique was fully developed by modernist writers such as Marcel Proust, James Joyce, Dorothy Richardson and Virginia Woolf.

Stream of consciousness narratives continue to be used in modern prose and the term has been adopted to describe similar techniques in other art forms such as poetry, songwriting and film.
Good Morning Vietnam 2: The Golden Triangle
Good Morning Vietnam 2: The Golden Triangle is a 2013 collaborative album by MF Grimm & Drasar Monumental, their second official project together and the sequel to 2012's Good Morning Vietnam EP. Picking up where the previous title left off, this iteration introduces the theme of heroin and the drug trade. Reinforcing this are the American Gangster film samples that can be heard throughout the album.

MF Grimm
Percy Carey (born June 11, 1970), also known by the stage names MF Grimm, Grimm Reaper, GM Grimm and originally Build and Destroy, is an American underground rapper, music producer, CEO, and Eisner Award-nominated comic book writer from New York City. Grimm has released five solo albums, five collaborative albums and two compilation albums.
Hayat Bakshi Mosque, Hayathnagar
The Hayat Bakshi Mosque also Hayat Bakshi Begum Masjid is a mosque located in Hayathnagar, near Hyderabad, in the Hyderabad district of the state of Telangana, India. It was constructed in 1672 during the reign of Abdullah Qutb Shah the fifth Sultan of Golconda, and named after Hayat Bakshi Begum.

Hayathnagar
Hayathnagar is a busy residential locality of Hyderabad in Ranga Reddy district of the Indian state of Telangana. It is mandal headquarter of Hayathnagar mandal of Hayathnagar revenue division. Hayathnagar forms circle No 3 in Greater Hyderabad Municipal Corporation. There are four wards – Nagole (11) Mansoorabad (12), Hayathnagar (13) and B. N. Reddy Nagar (14) – in this circle. It lies on National Highway 65.
MEAD
MEAD is a 2022 science fiction live-action animated film based on the story "To Meet the Faces You Meet" from the comic book Fever Dreams by Jan Strnad and Richard Corben. The film was co-written, animated, and directed by J. Allen Williams and stars Samuel Hunt, Robert Picardo, Kassandra Wright, Lillie Young, and Shawn Young alongside the voices of Patton Oswalt and Patrick Warburton. It was premiered at the 2022 Cannes Film Festival on May 22, 2022, and was released for streaming in North America on August 9, 2022.

Jan Strnad
Jan Steven Strnad (sometimes credited as J. Knight; born 1950) is an American writer of comic books, horror, and science fiction. He is known for his many collaborations with artist Richard Corben, as well as his work in the Star Wars expanded universe, the majority of which has been published by Dark Horse Comics. He has also written for DC Comics, Marvel Comics, Eclipse Comics, and Fantagraphics.