hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Neil Jones (academic)
Neil Gareth Jones is a Professor of English Legal History at the University of Cambridge, the current director of studies in law of Magdalene College, and literary director of The Selden Society. He supervises undergraduates in legal history and in land law.

Jones runs the legal history course at the university. He was also the academic secretary to the faculty of law from 2001 to 2003. Jones has also been the secretary of the Cambridge Law Journal and assistant literary director of the Selden Society, from which he won a prize for his seminal work The Use upon a Use in Equity Revisited.

He won the Chancellor's Medal in 1996 for the English law section of his LLM. He was also awarded a Yorke Prize for his doctoral thesis on the history of trusts between 1536 and 1660.

Yorke Prize
The Yorke Prize is awarded annually by the Faculty of Law at the University of Cambridge for an essay of between 30,000 and 100,000 words on a legal subject, including the history, analysis, administration and reform of law, "of exceptional quality, which makes a substantial contribution to its relevant field of legal knowledge."

The prize, awarded from the Yorke Fund, is open to any graduate of, or any person who is or has been registered as a graduate student of, the university.
Podczachy, Łódź Voivodeship
Podczachy [pɔtˈt͡ʂaxɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kutno, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) west of Kutno and 52 km (32 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Kutno
Gmina Kutno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Kutno, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 122.33 square kilometres (47.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 had a population of 8,357.
Robert Wortley
Robert Kendal Wortley (1891–1968) was a British civil engineer and philatelist who was added to the Roll of Distinguished Philatelists in 1966; he was also the President and a founder member of the Postal History Society.

Roll of Distinguished Philatelists
The Roll of Distinguished Philatelists (RDP) is a philatelic award of international scale, created by the Philatelic Congress of Great Britain in 1921 to honour those who have advanced philately through research, expertise, or service. The Roll consists of five pieces of parchment to which the signatories add their names. New honorees continue to be added annually.
Mrs. Palfrey at the Claremont
Mrs. Palfrey at the Claremont is a 2005 US-produced comedy-drama film based on the 1971 novel by Elizabeth Taylor. It was directed by Dan Ireland and produced by Lee Caplin, Carl Colpaert and Zachary Matz from a screenplay by Ruth Sacks Caplin.

The film stars Joan Plowright and Rupert Friend, with Zoë Tapper, Anna Massey, and Robert Lang. It is the final film role of Robert Lang, who died on November 6, 2004, a year before its release. The film is dedicated to his memory. The film was also dedicated to the memories of Sonia Mintz, Minnie Sacks, Lillian Espetein, Patricia Peckos, Thomas W. MacDonald and Clara Peralta Ramos de Varela, who also died before the film came out.

Dan Ireland
Daniel Frederick Ireland (May 11, 1949 – April 14, 2016) was an American-Canadian film producer and director. He was the co-founder of the Seattle International Film Festival. Ireland began executive-producing films for Vestron Pictures in the 1980s, his first being John Huston's final feature, The Dead (1987). He also executive-produced multiple films by director Ken Russell, such as Salome's Last Dance (1987), The Lair of the White Worm (1988), The Rainbow (1989), and Whore (1991).

He made his feature film directorial debut with the drama The Whole Wide World (1996), followed by The Velocity of Gary (1998) and Jolene (2006).
Italy in the Eurovision Song Contest 2021
Italy was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2021 with the song "Zitti e buoni", written by Damiano David, Ethan Torchio, Thomas Raggi, and Victoria De Angelis, and performed by themselves as Måneskin. The Italian participating broadcaster, Radiotelevisione italiana (RAI), announced in October 2020 that the winning performer(s) of the Sanremo Music Festival 2021 would earn the right to represent the country at the contest. "Zitti e buoni" eventually became the sixty-eighth winning entry of the Eurovision Song Contest and the first Italian entry to win the contest in 31 years. Italy received a total of 524 points, winning the public vote with 318 points and coming at fourth place in the jury vote with 206 points.

Zitti e buoni
"Zitti e buoni" (Italian: [ˈdzitti e ˈbwɔːni, ˈtsi-, -tj e -]; lit. 'Quiet and well-behaved') is a song written and performed by Italian rock band Måneskin. It was produced by the band alongside Fabrizio Ferraguzzo, and won the Sanremo Music Festival and the Eurovision Song Contest 2021. The song was the band's commercial breakthrough in global music charts and topped the singles chart in several European countries. It peaked at number 17 on the UK Singles Chart, becoming the first Italian-language song in 30 years to enter the UK Top 20. It also reached top 10 of the Billboard Global Excl. US chart.
Richard Griffith (chess player)
Richard Clewin Griffith (22 July 1872 in London – 11 December 1955 in Hendon, London) was an English chess player, author and editor. He was educated at Charterhouse School.

He won the British Chess Championship in 1912 at Richmond, at his only appearance in the event.  Also in 1912, he was the original co-author with John Herbert White of the famous chess book, Modern Chess Openings, which has gone into many editions up to the present day.

He was the editor of the British Chess Magazine from 1920 to 1937, and again for some months in 1940.

During World War II Griffith was the honorary treasurer of the British Chess Federation, and a member of its council and executive.

By profession, he was a metallurgist for an assaying company.

Modern Chess Openings
Modern Chess Openings (usually called MCO) is a reference book on chess openings, first published in 1911 by the British players Richard Clewin Griffith (1872–1955) and John Herbert White (1880–1920). The fifteenth edition was published in 2008. Harry Golombek called it "the first scientific study of the openings in the twentieth century".
VI Corps (United States)
The VI Corps was activated as VI Army Corps in August 1918 at Neufchâteau, France, serving in the Lorraine Campaign. Constituted in the Organized Reserves in 1921, it was allotted to the Regular Army in 1933 and activated on 1 August 1940 at Fort Sheridan, Illinois. VI Corps took part in some of the most high-profile operations in World War II.

By war's end it was part of the Seventh Army of the 6th Army Group. In early May 1945 its 103d Infantry Division, which had raced south through Bavaria into Innsbruck, Austria, met up with troops of the 349th Infantry, 88th Division in Vipiteno in the Italian Alps.

88th Readiness Division
The 88th Infantry Division was an infantry division of the United States Army that saw service in both World War I and World War II. It was one of the first of the Organized Reserve divisions to be called into federal service, created nearly "from scratch" after the implementation of the draft in 1940. Previous divisions were composed of a core of either Regular Army or National Guard personnel plus draftees. Much of the experience in reactivating it was used in the subsequent expansion of the U.S. Army.

By the end of World War II the 88th Infantry fought its way to the northernmost extreme of Italy. In early May 1945 troops of its 349th Infantry Regiment joined the 103d Infantry Division of the VI Corps of the U.S. Seventh Army, part of the 6th Army Group, which had raced south through Bavaria into Innsbruck, Austria, in Vipiteno in the Italian Alps.
Special Organization (Ottoman Empire)
The Special Organization (Ottoman Turkish: تشکیلات مخصوصه, romanized: Teşkilât-ı Mahsusa, abbreviated TM) was an intelligence, paramilitary, and secret police organization in the Ottoman Empire known for its key role in the commission of the Armenian genocide. Originally organized under the Ministry of War, the organization was shifted to answer directly to the ruling party Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) in February 1915. It was led by Bahaeddin Şakir and Nazım Bey and formed in early 1914 of tribesmen (especially Circassians and Kurds) as well as more than 10,000 convicted criminals—offered a chance to redeem themselves if they served the state—as a force independent of the regular army.

Doctor Nâzım
Selanikli Mehmed Nâzım Bey also known as Doctor Nâzım (1870 – 26 August 1926) was a Turkish physician, politician, and a Young Turk revolutionary. Nâzım Bey was a founding member of the Committee of Union and Progress, and served on its central committee for over ten years. He played a significant role in the Armenian genocide and the expulsion of Greeks in Western Anatolia. He was convicted for allegedly conspiring to assassinate Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in İzmir and was hanged in Ankara on 26 August 1926. He also served as the chairman of the Turkish sports club Fenerbahçe S.K. between 1916 and 1918.
X-Men: Messiah Complex
X-Men: Messiah Complex (also known as Messiah CompleX) is an American comic book crossover storyline published by Marvel Comics from October 2007 to January 2008, which ran through the various X-Men books.

The story is the climax of events that began with House of M, which led to the decimation of mutants in the Marvel Universe, and the first chapter of a three-part saga, which continued in Messiah War, released in 2009, and culminated in Second Coming, a crossover between all X-Men titles in early 2010.

X-Force
X-Force is a team of superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, most commonly in association with the X-Men. Conceived by writer/illustrator Rob Liefeld, the team first appeared in New Mutants #100 (April 1991) and soon afterwards was featured in its own series called X-Force. The group was originally a revamped version of the 1980s team the New Mutants.

X-Force's first leader was the mutant Cable. An offshoot of the X-Men, X-Force takes a more militant and aggressive approach towards its enemies compared to the X-Men.

An alternate incarnation of X-Force appears in the 2018 film Deadpool 2 as part of the X-Men film series. A planned X-Force film adaptation was in production at 20th Century Fox, but canceled after Disney acquired the studio.
Gigantic (magazine)
Gigantic is an American literary journal that publishes fiction, art and interviews. In particular, it focuses on short prose or flash fiction. Print issues also have included a special poetry section entitled "The Seizure State," curated by celebrated American poet Joe Wenderoth. It publishes original work online at its website and once a year in a print format. Gigantic was founded in 2008 by four writers living in New York City.

Luca Dipierro
Luca Dipierro is an Italian artist, animator and writer born in Merano, in Northern Italy, and living in the United States. Dipierro's drawings have been used on numerous book and record covers. His cut-out animations, filmed in stop motion with marionettes made out of paper and old book cloth, have been called "a perfect balance of creepy and charming" (Huffington Post). His work has been shown in theaters, galleries, and film festivals in the United States and Europe: notably the Karlovy Vary International Film Festival, the Maggio Musicale Fiorentino, and the Portland Film Festival.

In a 2010 interview with Ken Baumann on HTMLGIANT, Dipierro referred to the painstaking quality of his own work as a "systematic, patient, scrupulous waste of time."

Dipierro currently lives in Portland, Oregon.
Martin Gorick
Martin Charles William Gorick (born 23 June 1962) is a British Anglican bishop, who has served since 2020 as Bishop of Dudley, the sole suffragan bishop in the Church of England Diocese of Worcester. He was previously Archdeacon of Oxford in the Diocese of Oxford from 2013.

John Inge
John Geoffrey Inge KCVO (/ɪndʒ/ INJ; born 26 February 1955) is a retired British Anglican bishop. From 2007 to 2024, he was Bishop of Worcester, the diocesan bishop of the Church of England's Diocese of Worcester. He was previously Bishop of Huntingdon, a suffragan bishop in the Diocese of Ely, from 2003 to 2007. Inge served as Lord High Almoner, a ceremonial position in the Royal Household, from 2013 to 2024.
Roles v Nathan
Roles v Nathan (t/a Manchester Assembly Rooms) [1963] 1 WLR 1117, [1963] 2 All ER 908 is an occupiers' liability case in English tort law. It concerns §2(3)(b) of the Occupiers' Liability Act 1957, which states:

"An occupier may expect that a person, in the exercise of his calling, will appreciate and guard against special risks ordinarily incident to it, so far as the occupier leaves him free to do so."

The purpose of the Act was to create a single standard of care for the occupier towards all persons, "due to the state of the premises," replacing the multiple, confusing standards.

It also laid down an example of the scope of an occupier's defence when workmen are warned of some danger before they do a job at the occupier's premises. The judges in the Court of Appeal were Lord Denning MR, Harman LJ, and (in dissent) Pearson LJ.

English tort law
English tort law concerns the compensation for harm to people's rights to health and safety, a clean environment, property, their economic interests, or their reputations. A "tort" is a wrong in civil law, rather than criminal law, that usually requires a payment of money to make up for damage that is caused. Alongside contracts and unjust enrichment, tort law is usually seen as forming one of the three main pillars of the law of obligations.

In English law, torts like other civil cases are generally tried in front a judge without a jury.
1959 Nepalese general election
General elections were held in Nepal from 18 February to 3 April 1959 to elect the 109 members of the first House of Representatives, the lower house of the Parliament of Nepal. They were held under the provisions of the 1959 constitution, which had been adopted on 12 February. More than 4.25 million people out of an overall population of about 8.55 million (1954) were eligible to vote. Voter turnout was 42.18%.

The result was a victory for the Nepali Congress, winning 74 of the 109 seats with 38% of the vote. B. P. Koirala became the first democratically elected and 22nd Prime Minister of Nepal.

Communist Party of Nepal
The Communist Party of Nepal (Nepali: नेपाल कम्युनिस्ट पार्टी), abbreviated CPN, was a communist party in Nepal from 1949 to 1962. It was founded on 15 September 1949 to struggle against the autocratic Rana regime, feudalism, and imperialism. The founding general secretary was Pushpa Lal Shrestha. The founding members of the Communist Party of Nepal were Moti Devi Shrestha, Niranjan Govinda Vaidya, Nar Bahadur Karmacharya and Narayan Bilas Joshi.
Twin Lakes High School
Twin Lakes Senior High School is a public high school located in Monticello, Indiana.

Twin Lakes Senior High School was formed from the consolidation of Monticello High School and two other local high schools.

Monticello, Indiana
Monticello (/ˌmɒntɪˈsɛloʊ/ ⓘ MON-tiss-EL-oh) is a city in and the county seat of White County, Indiana, United States. The population was 5,508 at the 2020 census. Monticello is known as a tourist destination in north-central Indiana and is home to the Indiana Beach amusement park on Lake Shafer, and Lake Freeman.
Dingbat
In typography, a dingbat (sometimes more formally known as a printer's ornament or printer's character) is an ornament, specifically, a grapheme used in typesetting, often employed to create box frames (similar to box-drawing characters), or as a dinkus (section divider). Some of the dingbat symbols have been used as signature marks or used in bookbinding to order sections.

In the computer industry, a dingbat font or pi font is a computer font that has symbols and shapes located at the code points normally designated for alphabetical or numeric characters. This practice was necessitated by the limited number of code points available in 20th century operating systems. Modern computer fonts containing dingbats are based on Unicode encoding, which has unique code points for dingbats.

Hermann Zapf
Hermann Zapf (German: [ˈhɛʁman ˈtsapf]; 8 November 1918 – 4 June 2015) was a German type designer and calligrapher who lived in Darmstadt, Germany. He was married to the calligrapher and typeface designer Gudrun Zapf-von Hesse. Typefaces he designed include Palatino, Optima, and Zapfino. He is considered one of the greatest type designers of all time.
Margaux Paolino
Margaux Paolino (born July 1, 1997) is an American women's field hockey player. Paolino was added to the United States national team in 2018, following success in the national junior team.

Paolino first represented the United States junior national team in 2014 at a qualifying even for the 2014 Youth Olympic Games in Montevideo, Uruguay. In 2016, Paolino once again represented the junior national team at the 2016 Junior Pan American Cup and 2016 Junior World Cup.

Paolino made her debut for the United States senior team in 2018 in a test series against Canada in San Diego, California. Paolino was selected to compete in the 2018 Vitality Women's Hockey World Cup, The 2019 Pan-American Games and 2019 FIH Olympic Games Qualifier.

Margaux was named by Front Office Sports to their Rising 25 Class of 2023 in Sports for her work as a Senior Analyst Insights at
Elevate Sports Ventures.

2016 Women's Hockey Junior World Cup
The 2016 Women's Hockey Junior World Cup was the 8th edition of the Women's Hockey Junior World Cup. It was held from 24 November to 4 December 2016 in Santiago, Chile.

Argentina won the tournament after defeating defending champions the Netherlands 4–2 in the final. This was the first time Argentina had won the Junior World Cup since the 1993 tournament in Terrassa, Spain.

Australia won the third place match by defeating Spain 3–1 in a penalty shootout after a 1–1 draw. This was Australia's first Junior World Cup medal in 15 years.
Iron City, Tennessee
Iron City is a census-designated place and former city in Lawrence County, Tennessee.

Iron City was incorporated as a city from 1887 to 1901, and again from 1962 until 2010, when its residents voted to disincorporate.

The United States Census treated Iron City as a census-designated place for both the 2010 and 2020 censuses. The population was 328 in 2010 and 274 in 2020.

Lawrence County, Tennessee
Lawrence County is a county located in the U.S. state of Tennessee, in the southwestern part of Middle Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 44,159. Its county seat and largest city is Lawrenceburg. Lawrence County comprises the Lawrenceburg, TN Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro, TN Combined Statistical Area.
Punta de Chimino
Punta de Chimino is a Maya archaeological site in the Petexbatún region of the department of Petén in Guatemala. Occupation at the site dates to the Preclassic and Classic periods of Mesoamerican chronology. Punta de Chimino experienced a population surge in the Late Preclassic, followed by a reduction in occupation levels in the Early Classic and another increase in the Terminal Classic when the city became one of the few population centres to survive the political disintegration of the Petexbatún region after the collapse of the kingdom based at Dos Pilas. The neighbouring city of Seibal on the Pasión River appears to have intervened at Punta de Chimino at this time and to have politically dominated the smaller site.

Petén Department
Petén (from the Itz'a, Noj Petén, 'Great Island') is a department of Guatemala. It is geographically the northernmost department of Guatemala, as well as the largest by area –  at 35,854 km2 (13,843 sq mi) it accounts for about one third of Guatemala's area. The capital is Flores. The population at the mid-2018 official estimate was 595,548.
War Paint (musical)
War Paint is a musical with music by Scott Frankel, lyrics by Michael Korie, and a book by Doug Wright. It is based both on Lindy Woodhead's 2004 book War Paint and on the 2007 documentary film The Powder & the Glory by Ann Carol Grossman and Arnie Reisman.

The musical focuses on the lives of and rivalry between 20th-century female entrepreneurs Elizabeth Arden and Helena Rubinstein.

Elizabeth Arden
Elizabeth Arden (December 31, 1881 – October 18, 1966), also known as Elizabeth N. Graham, was a Canadian-American businesswoman who founded what is now Elizabeth Arden, Inc., and built a cosmetics empire in the United States.
Kim Jin-woo (footballer)
Kim Jin-woo (born October 9, 1975) is a football player from South Korea who plays as a midfielder.

He represented South Korea at youth and senior levels. However, his contribution to the senior team was brief and consisted of only two matches against New Zealand in 2000.

Kim's entire professional career has been spent with Suwon Samsung Bluewings, 
one of the dominant forces in South Korean football. His debut came during the 1996 season, and by the end of 2005 he had played 279 times for the Suwon Bluewings franchise, scoring two goals and providing 17 assists. In that time he has also committed 727 fouls and has earned himself 77 yellow cards, but never a red one.

Suwon Samsung Bluewings
The Suwon Samsung Bluewings (Korean: 수원 삼성 블루윙즈) are a South Korean football club based in Suwon that competes in the K League 2, the second tier of South Korean football. Founded in December 1995, they have won the K League on four occasions (1998, 1999, 2004 and 2008), as well as the Asian Club Championship twice, in 2000–01 and 2001–02.
Granite Lake (Saskatchewan)
Granite Lake is a lake in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is situated in the boreal forest in the Churchill River Upland ecozone of Canada. Granite Lake is along the course of the Wildnest River, which drains the much larger Wildnest Lake west into the Sturgeon-Weir River. The Sturgeon-Weir River is a tributary of the Saskatchewan River.

Granite Lake is about 40 kilometres (25 mi) west of Creighton and the border with Manitoba. While there is a provincial campground at the lake, there are no communities along its shore. Access is from Highway 106.

Saskatchewan Highway 106
Highway 106, also known as Hanson Lake Road, is a fully paved provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from Highway 55 at Smeaton to Highway 167 in Creighton. It is about 325 kilometres (202 mi) long and the speed limit is 100 km/h (62 mph).

Highway 106 connects with Highways 691, 692, 928, 120, 912, 913, 932, 933, 165, 911, and 135. Smeaton and Creighton are the only communities along the route.
Tangyan, Myanmar
22°29′N 98°24′E﻿ / ﻿22.483°N 98.400°E﻿ / 22.483; 98.400

Tangyan (also Lan-ts'ang-hsien or Tangyang) (Burmese: တန့်ယန်းမြို့) is capital of Tangyan District and the principal city of Tangyan Township in Shan State, Myanmar. It is situated in a valley in a mountainous region. It lies at an elevation of 946 m.

Starting on 10 July 2024, the United Wa State Army entered Tangyan after negotiations with the State Administration Council  to prevent Operation 1027 from reaching  Tangyan.

Tangyan District
Tangyan District (Burmese: တန့်ယန်းခရိုင်, also Tang Yang District) is a district in northern Shan State, Myanmar. It was split from Lashio District on 30 April 2022 and contains two townships. Its district seat is Tangyan.