hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fock state
In quantum mechanics, a Fock state or number state is a quantum state that is an element of a Fock space with a well-defined number of particles (or quanta). These states are named after the Soviet physicist Vladimir Fock. Fock states play an important role in the second quantization formulation of quantum mechanics.

The particle representation was first treated in detail by Paul Dirac for bosons and by Pascual Jordan and Eugene Wigner for fermions.: 35   The Fock states of bosons and fermions obey useful relations with respect to the Fock space creation and annihilation operators.

Particle number
In thermodynamics, the particle number (symbol N) of a thermodynamic system is the number of constituent particles in that system. The particle number is a fundamental thermodynamic property which is conjugate to the chemical potential. Unlike most physical quantities, the particle number is a dimensionless quantity, specifically a countable quantity. It is an extensive property, as it is directly proportional to the size of the system under consideration and thus meaningful only for closed systems.

A constituent particle is one that cannot be broken into smaller pieces at the scale of energy k·T involved in the process (where k is the Boltzmann constant and T is the temperature). For example, in a thermodynamic system consisting of a piston containing water vapour, the particle number is the number of water molecules in the system. The meaning of constituent particles, and thereby of particle numbers, is thus temperature-dependent.
Bill Harris (neuroscientist)
William Anthony Harris (born November 26, 1950) is a Canadian-born neuroscientist, Professor of Anatomy at Cambridge University, and fellow of Clare College, Cambridge.  He was head of the Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience since its formation in 2006  until his retirement in 2018.

British Society for Developmental Biology
The British Society for Developmental Biology (BSDB) is a scientific society promoting developmental biology research; it is open to anyone with an interest in the subject who agrees with the principles of the Society.
The Beautiful & Damned (album)
The Beautiful & Damned is the fifth studio album by American rapper G-Eazy. It was released on December 15, 2017, by RCA Records. It features guest appearances from Halsey, Cardi B, ASAP Rocky, Kehlani, E-40 and Charlie Puth. The album was preceded by three singles: "No Limit", "Him & I" and "Sober".

Sober (G-Eazy song)
"Sober" is a song by American rapper G-Eazy, featuring vocals from American singer-songwriter Charlie Puth. It was released via RCA Records on December 8, 2017, as the third single from G-Eazy's third studio album, The Beautiful & Damned. Puth produced the song with Dakari and the Futuristics, and they wrote the song with G-Eazy alongside Matt Dragstrem and Edgar Machuca.
Arenicolumba
Arenicolumba prattae is an extinct species of small pigeon from the Miocene of Florida. It was described from fossil material (a left coracoid) collected at the Thomas Farm Site in Gilchrist County, northern Florida, south-eastern United States. The genus name Arenicolumba comes from the Latin arena ("sandy place") with reference to the sandy, fossiliferous sediments of the collection site, and columba ("pigeon"). Originally described in 1992 as Columbina prattae, it was moved to the new genus in 2008.

Thomas Farm Site
The Thomas Farm site is an Early Miocene, Hemingfordian assemblage of vertebrate fossils located in Gilchrist County, northern Florida.

The Thomas Farm site is one of the richest terrestrial deposits of Miocene vertebrates in the 18 Ma range found in eastern North America according to the Florida Museum of Natural History. The site was discovered in 1931 by Florida Geological Survey (FGS) staff member Clarence Simpson. Specimens include: amphibians, reptiles, birds, small rodents, bats, rhinoceroses, three species of three-toed horses, several artiodactyls (including camels, peccary, deer-like species and other extinct forms), as well as dogs, bears, and bear-dogs.
Prince Gustav Channel
The Prince Gustav Channel (63°50′S 58°15′W﻿ / ﻿63.833°S 58.250°W﻿ / -63.833; -58.250﻿ (Prince Gustav Channel)) is a strait about 80 nautical miles (150 km; 92 mi) long and from 4 to 15 nautical miles (7.4 to 27.8 km; 4.6 to 17.3 mi) wide, separating James Ross Island and Vega Island from the Trinity Peninsula, Antarctica.

Longing Peninsula
The Longing Peninsula (64°30′S 58°50′W﻿ / ﻿64.500°S 58.833°W﻿ / -64.500; -58.833﻿ (Longing Peninsula)) is a peninsula 9 nautical miles (17 km; 10 mi) long terminating in Cape Longing, situated at the northeast end of the Nordenskjöld Coast where it separates the Larsen Ice Shelf from the Prince Gustav Ice Shelf.
Shielder minelaying system
The Shielder minelaying system was used by the British Army to create anti-tank barriers quickly. The system was based on the American Alliant Techsystems Volcano mine system. It was ordered in 1995 and first deployed in 1999. The system consists of up to 40 dispensers, each containing 6 mines, mounted on the flat bed version of the Alvis Stormer tracked armoured fighting vehicle. The dispensers can launch mines to the sides and rear of the vehicle as it proceeds. Each mine has a programmable life, after which they self-destruct. A dispenser control unit provides fire signals, testing and arming of the self-destruct mechanism.

Twenty-nine Shielder systems were in service with the British Army in 2009. In 2013/14 it was revealed that the system was removed from active service.

Alvis Stormer
The Alvis Stormer is a military armoured vehicle manufactured by the British company Alvis Vickers, now BAE Systems Land & Armaments.

The Stormer is a development of the CVR(T) family of vehicles (Scorpion, Scimitar, Spartan etc.), essentially a larger, modernised version with an extra road-wheel on each side.
Schweich
Schweich (German pronunciation: [ʃvaɪç] ⓘ) is a town in the Trier-Saarburg district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is situated on the river Moselle, approx. 10 km (6.2 mi) northeast of Trier.

Schweich is the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") Schweich an der Römischen Weinstraße.

Schweich an der Römischen Weinstraße
Schweich an der Römischen Weinstraße is a Verbandsgemeinde ("collective municipality") in the Trier-Saarburg district, in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.

It is located in the northeast of Trier and consists of the town of Schweich on the Moselle and the 18 Ortsgemeinden ("local municipalities") of Bekond, Detzem, Ensch, Fell, Föhren, Kenn, Klüsserath, Köwerich, Leiwen, Longen, Longuich, Mehring, Naurath, Pölich, Riol, Schleich, Thörnich and Trittenheim.
Standex International
Standex International Corporation is a multi-industry manufacturer in five broad business segments: Electronics, Engraving, Scientific, Engineering Technologies, and Specialty Solutions with operations in the United States, Europe, Canada, Japan, Singapore, Mexico, Turkey, India, and China. Headquartered in Salem, New Hampshire. Standex is divided into 12 units and 5 reporting segments. The company was incorporated in 1955 and contains multiple subsidiaries including Bakers Pride and Standex Electronics.

Bakers Pride
Bakers Pride Oven Company is an American manufacturer of commercial baking, cooking and broiling equipment. The brand was founded in 1945 in The Bronx, New York. Bakers Pride works in partnership with foodservice dealers and awards dealerships who maintain a commercial showroom, engineering department, or warehouse.
Svayam Bhagavan
Svayam Bhagavan (Sanskrit: स्वयं भगवान्, romanized: Svayaṁ-Bhagavān; roughly: "God Itself") is a Sanskrit concept in Hinduism, referring to the absolute representation of Bhagavan (the title "Lord" or "God") as the Supreme God in a monotheistic framework. The concept is most commonly (but not always) associated with a male deity, for instance in Hindu sub-movements like Krishnaism and Gaudiya Vaishnavism, in which Krishna is regarded as Svayam Bhagavan.

Jiva Goswami
Jiva Goswami (Sanskrit: जीव गोस्वामी, romanized: Jīva Gosvāmī; c. 1513 – c. 1598) was an Indian philosopher and saint from the Gaudiya Vaishnava school of Vedanta tradition, producing a great number of philosophical works on the theology and practice of Bhakti yoga, Vaishnava Vedanta and associated disciplines. He is known as one of the Six Goswamis of Vrindavan and was the nephew of the two leading figures, Rupa Goswami and Sanatana Goswami.
Julia Fordham
Julia Fordham (born 10 August 1962) is an English singer. Her professional career started in the early 1980s, under the name "Jules Fordham", as a backing singer for Mari Wilson and Kim Wilde, before signing a recording contract of her own later that decade. She is now based in California.

Judith Owen
Judith Owen (born 2 January 1969) is a Welsh singer-songwriter. Her first album, Emotions on a Postcard, was released in 1996 and has been followed by several more. She is co-founder of Twanky Records with her husband, Harry Shearer.
Belle S. Spafford
Marion Isabelle Sims Spafford (née Smith; October 8, 1895 – February 2, 1982), known as Belle S. Spafford, was the ninth Relief Society General President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from April 6, 1945, until October 3, 1974. She served longer in this capacity than any other woman in the history of the Relief Society. Spafford also served as president of the National Council of Women from 1968 to 1972, traveling and speaking both nationally and internationally in that position.

She served the LDS Church in a variety of other positions and capacities, including as editor of the Relief Society Magazine, founder of the church's social services program, and board of trustees member of the LDS school system. In all of her activities, Spafford consistently spoke of the rights and responsibilities of women.

National Council of Women of the United States
The National Council of Women of the United States (NCW/US) is the oldest  nonsectarian organization of women in the United States Founded in 1888, the NCW/US is an accredited non-governmental organization (NGO) with the Department of Public Information (UN/DPI) and in Consultative Status with the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations (ECOSOC).
FIA Formula 3 European Championship
The FIA Formula 3 European Championship was a European Formula Three (F3) auto racing competition, organised by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). After one season of the FIA Formula 3 International Trophy, the FIA revived the FIA Formula 3 European Championship. The ten-event season included seven Formula 3 Euro Series rounds, two British Formula Three rounds and DTM-supporting round at Brands Hatch. From 2013, the series started running its own rounds, based upon the defunct Formula 3 Euro Series.

In 2019, the series merged with the GP3 Series to form the FIA Formula 3 Championship, and was due to relaunch as the Formula European Masters and run in support of the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters. The championship was cancelled ahead of its debut season due to lack of competitors. The championship would have used the current spec cars and were working with Dallara to design a new car for 2020, but it was replaced by GT4-based series, DTM Trophy as the successor.

Brands Hatch
Brands Hatch is a motor racing circuit in West Kingsdown, Kent, England. Originally used as a grasstrack motorcycle circuit on farmland, it hosted 12 runnings of the British Grand Prix between 1964 and 1986 and currently hosts many British and International racing events. The venue is owned and operated by Jonathan Palmer's MotorSport Vision organisation.
State Thomas, Dallas
State Thomas is a Dallas Landmark District in the Uptown area of Dallas, Texas (USA). It borders downtown to the south at Woodall Rodgers Freeway, Bryan Place to the east at US 75 (Central Expressway), and LoMac to the north and west.

The State Thomas neighborhood contains the largest collection of Victorian-era homes remaining in Dallas including the Jacob and Eliza Spake House listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The establishment of the region as a Special Purpose District in 1986 helped make it one of the first new urbanist regions in the city.

Bryan Place, Dallas
Bryan Place is a neighborhood in Old East Dallas, Texas (USA). It is east of the Arts District of downtown and the State Thomas neighborhood, north of Deep Ellum, south of Cityplace and west of Munger Place. Its boundaries are generally considered to be US-75 North Central Expressway on the west, Ross Avenue on the (north)west, N. Washington Street on the (north)east, and Live Oak Avenue on the (south)east.
Tula Arms Plant
Imperial Tula Arms Plant (Russian: Императорский Тульский оружейный завод, romanized: Imperatorskiy Tulsky Oruzheiny Zavod) is a Russian weapons manufacturer founded by Tsar Peter I of Russia in 1712 in Tula, Tula Oblast as Tula Arsenal. Throughout its history, it has produced weapons for the Russian state. Its name was changed from Tula Arsenal to Tula Arms Plant during the Soviet era.

SVT-40
The SVT-40 (Russian: Самозарядная винтовка Токарева, образец 1940 года, romanized: Samozaryadnaya vintovka Tokareva, obrazets 1940 goda, lit. 'Tokarev's self-loading rifle, model of 1940') is a semi-automatic battle rifle developed in the Soviet Union that saw widespread service during and after World War II. It was intended to be the new service rifle of the Soviet Red Army. However, its production was disrupted by the Axis invasion in 1941, resulting in a change back to the Mosin–Nagant rifle for the duration of the war, although both rifles served concurrently.
Danilo Di Vincenzo
Danilo Di Vincenzo (18 April 1968 in Rome – 10 December 1996 in Orvieto) was an Italian footballer. He played as a striker.  He played in Serie B with Cosenza and A.S.D. Castel di Sangro Calcio and in Serie C with various other teams, in particular Giulianova. He died on the morning of 10 December 1996 in a car accident alongside Castel di Sangro teammate Pippo Biondi.

ACD Castel di Sangro Cep 1953
Castel di Sangro Cep is an Italian association football club from Castel di Sangro in the Province of L'Aquila, Abruzzo. They currently play in Eccellenza Molise.

Their moment of greatness came in 1996, when they were promoted to Serie B, a noteworthy accomplishment for a team coming from a town of only 5,500 residents. Even greater, they were able to survive in that league another year. The story of their first season in Serie B is chronicled in the book The Miracle of Castel di Sangro by Joe McGinniss. The team played at the 7,220 seat Stadio Teofilo Patini in Castel di Sangro. The team's colours are red and yellow.
Selma, Iowa
Selma is an unincorporated community in northwestern Van Buren County, Iowa, United States.  It lies along Iowa Highway 16 northwest of the city of Keosauqua, the county seat of Van Buren County.  Its elevation is 617 feet (188 m).

Van Buren County, Iowa
Van Buren County (/væn ˈbjʊərən/ van BURE-ən) is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census the population was 7,203, making it the state's tenth-least populous county. The county seat is Keosauqua, which contains the oldest continuously operational courthouse in Iowa, and second-oldest in the United States.
Blood Revolt
Blood Revolt were an Irish war metal band featuring A.A. Nemtheanga of Primordial along with J. Read and Vermin, who previously played together in Axis of Advance and Revenge. They released one album, 2010's Indoctrine.

Axis of Advance
Axis of Advance was a Canadian death metal band from Edmonton, Alberta, active from 1998 to 2008. Their music was described as "freaked-out, hyper and evil metal...not for the weak and not really for most rational human beings, but it will sound great to those looking for a slice of evil black metal the way it should be done."
Rosa 'Munstead Wood'
Rosa 'Munstead Wood'  (aka AUSbernard) is a dark red shrub rose cultivar, bred by British rose breeder David C. H. Austin, and introduced into the UK by David Austin Roses Limited (UK) in 2007. The cultivar was named after horticulturalist and garden designer Gertrude Jekyll's home, Munstead Wood, in Surrey, England. The rose was awarded the Award of Garden Merit (AGM) by the British Royal Horticultural Society (RHS) in 2007 and an American Garden Rose Selections (AGRS) Fragrance Award, in 2017.

David C. H. Austin
David Charles Henshaw Austin OBE VMH (16 February 1926 – 18 December 2018) was a British rose breeder and writer who lived in Shropshire, England. His emphasis was on breeding roses with the character and fragrance of old garden roses (such as gallicas, damasks and alba roses) but with the repeat-flowering ability and wide colour range of modern roses such as hybrid teas and floribundas.
Else Alfelt
Else Alfelt (16 September 1910 – 9 August 1974) was a Danish artist who specialized in abstract paintings, and a member of the avant-garde COBRA movement - one of its only two female members. Alfelt was involved with the major avant-garde art movements in Denmark from the 1930s through the 1950s, working in an abstract idiom of colorful prismatic compositions. She was married to Carl-Henning Pedersen, another prominent CoBrA member.

COBRA (art movement)
COBRA or Cobra, often stylized as CoBrA, was a European avant-garde art group active from 1948 to 1951. The name was coined in 1948 by Christian Dotremont from the initials of the members' home countries' capital cities: Copenhagen (Co), Brussels (Br), Amsterdam (A).
National Council of Social Service
The National Council of Social Service (NCSS) is a statutory board under the Ministry of Social and Family Development of the Government of Singapore.

The organisation is the national coordinating body for Social Service Agencies (SSAs) in Singapore. SSAs are non-profit organisations that provides welfare or social service to vulnerable or disadvantaged groups in Singapore, and in 2018 were renamed from the term Voluntary Welfare Organisations (VWOs).

SSAs are members of NCSS. A SSA is therefore not a legal structure (they can be registered as societies or companies limited by guarantee), but a classificatory category used to describe a subset of voluntary organisations in the business of providing direct welfare services.

The Social Service Institute and the Community Chest are part of the National Council of Social Service.

Statutory boards of the Government of Singapore
The statutory boards of the Government of Singapore are autonomous organisations that have been tasked to perform an operational function by legal statutes passed as Acts in the Parliament of Singapore. The statutes define the purpose, rights and powers of each authority. These organisations would usually subsequently report to one specific ministry. This list includes both current and new statutory boards formed.

Singapore is a country known for its highly efficient and centralised government system largely due to these statutory boards. They play a significant role in the development and implementation of policies and programs in various sectors of the country.

These boards are responsible for providing essential services and regulating key industries, with the goal of ensuring the welfare and well-being of Singaporeans. The highly centralized and efficient system of statutory boards has contributed to Singapore's success as a modern and prosperous nation.
Speculum (journal)
Speculum: A Journal of Medieval Studies is a quarterly academic journal published by University of Chicago Press on behalf of the Medieval Academy of America. It was established in 1926 by Edward Kennard Rand. The journal's primary focus is on the time period from 500 to 1500 in Western Europe, but also on related subjects such as Byzantine, Hebrew, Arabic, Armenian and Slavic studies. As of 2025, the editor is Barbara Newman.

The organization and its journal were first proposed in 1921 at a meeting of the Modern Language Association, and the journal's focus was interdisciplinary from its beginning, with one reviewer noting a specific interest in Medieval Latin.

Barbara Newman
Barbara Jane Newman (born August 14, 1953) is an American medievalist, literary critic, religious historian, and author. She is Professor of English and Religion, and John Evans Professor of Latin, at Northwestern University. Newman was elected in 2017 to the American Philosophical Society.
Cardinia, Victoria
Cardinia is a town in Victoria, Australia, 52 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Shire of Cardinia local government area. Cardinia recorded a population of 342 at the 2021 census.

Cardinia is located between Pakenham and Tooradin on the south-eastern fringe of Melbourne.

The Post Office opened on 1 September 1881, was known as Cardinia Creek until 1912, and closed in 1970.

Cardinia is part of the Australian Rules ROC Football Club (Rythdale, Officer, Cardinia) competing in the Mornington Peninsula Nepean Football League.

Officer, Victoria
Officer is a suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 48 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District and the second most populous in the Shire of Cardinia after Pakenham. Officer recorded a population of 18,503 at the 2021 census.

Officer serves as the Council seat of the shire.

Most of the land around Officer is currently being developed for residential use with medium density housing. Population and demographic mixes are changing, with construction of a 4,000 lot housing estate to be completed in late 2019. Current estates that have been announced and under construction include:
Timbertop, 
Arcadia,
Kaduna Park,
Savannah, Officer Fields and Officer Central.
Madonna and Child (Umlauf)
Madonna and Child is a series of sculptures by Charles Umlauf. Versions are found in the collections of the Umlauf Sculpture Garden and Museum (Austin, Texas) and the Dallas Museum of Art. One limestone sculpture is installed outside the Lois Perkins Chapel on the Southwestern University campus in Georgetown, Texas. The artwork was installed on September 1, 1953, as a gift to the university from alumna Margarett Root Brown in memory of her mother.

Umlauf Sculpture Garden and Museum
The Umlauf Sculpture Garden & Museum, stylized as the UMLAUF, is a museum and outdoor sculpture garden centered on the artistic works of American sculptor Charles Umlauf. Located at 605 Azie Morton Road in the Zilker neighborhood of Austin, Texas, the garden is adjacent to Austin's Zilker Park.

In 1985, Charles and Angeline Umlauf donated their home, studio, and 168 Umlauf sculptures to the City of Austin. Six years later, in 1991, the City built a museum to display the artwork on adjoining city property with private funds. Staff and volunteers maintain the museum with support of grants, donated funds, and contributions from the City of Austin, to maintain the museum and xeriscaped garden.  The Museum maintains a seasonal schedule including exhibitions of Charles Umlauf and his twentieth century peers and contemporary art exhibitions.
Gornji Vakuf-Uskoplje
Gornji Vakuf-Uskoplje (Serbian Cyrillic: Горњи Вакуф-Ускопље) is a town and municipality located in Central Bosnia Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Central Bosnia Canton
The Central Bosnia Canton (Bosnian: Srednjobosanski kanton/Средњобосански кантон, Croatian: Kanton Središnja Bosna; Serbian: Средњобосански кантон, romanized: Srednjobosanski kanton) is a federated state and one of ten cantons of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The most populous settlement in the region is Bugojno, followed by Travnik and Novi Travnik.