hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SPASS
SPASS is an automated theorem prover for first-order logic with equality developed at the Max Planck Institute for Computer Science and using the superposition calculus. The name originally stood for Synergetic Prover Augmenting Superposition with Sorts. The theorem-proving system is released under the FreeBSD license.

An extension of SPASS called SPASS-XDB added support for on-the-fly retrieval of positive unit axioms from external sources. SPASS-XDB can thus incorporate facts coming from relational databases, web services, or linked data servers. Support for arithmetic using Mathematica was also added.

Superposition calculus
The superposition calculus is a calculus for reasoning in equational logic. It was developed in the early 1990s  and combines concepts from first-order resolution with ordering-based equality handling as developed in the context of (unfailing) Knuth–Bendix completion. It can be seen as a generalization of either resolution (to equational logic) or unfailing completion (to full clausal logic). Like most first-order calculi, superposition tries to show the unsatisfiability of a set of first-order clauses, i.e. it performs proofs by refutation. Superposition is refutation complete—given unlimited resources and a fair derivation strategy, from any unsatisfiable clause set a contradiction will eventually be derived.

Many (state-of-the-art) theorem provers for first-order logic are based on superposition (e.g. the E equational theorem prover), although only a few implement the pure calculus.
Natasha Liu Bordizzo
Natasha Liu Bordizzo (born 25 August 1994) is an Australian actress. She made her movie debut portraying the character of Snow Vase in Netflix's 2016 wuxia film Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon: Sword of Destiny. In 2019, she portrayed the character of Helena in Netflix's The Society. in 2021, she played Julia in Amazon Prime's erotic thriller The Voyeurs, and in 2022, she portrayed the character of Heather in Netflix's Day Shift. In 2023, she portrayed the Mandalorian warrior Sabine Wren in the Disney+ series Ahsoka.

Day Shift (film)
Day Shift is a 2022 American vampire action comedy film directed by J. J. Perry in his directorial debut, written by Tyler Tice and Shay Hatten from a story by Tice, and starring Jamie Foxx as a blue-collar father whose pool-cleaning job is a front for his work as a vampire hunter. The film also stars Dave Franco, Snoop Dogg, Natasha Liu Bordizzo, Meagan Good, Karla Souza, Steve Howey, Scott Adkins and Zion Broadnax.

Netflix released Day Shift on its streaming service on August 12, 2022. The film received mixed reviews from critics.
Grmožur
Grmožur (Montenegrin: Грможур) is a fortified islet in Lake Skadar, located near the village of Godinje, in the Montenegrin municipality of Bar. The island was nicknamed the Island of Snakes by the local population, and the Island of Birds by ornithologists, since it is a common nesting site.

Lake Skadar
Lake Skadar or Lake Scutari (Albanian: Liqeni i Shkodrës, pronounced [liˈcɛni i ˈʃkɔdrəs]; Montenegrin: Скадарско језеро, Skadarsko jezero, pronounced [skâdarskɔː jɛ̂zɛrɔ]) – also called Lake Shkodra and Lake Shkodër – lies on the border of Albania and Montenegro, and is the largest lake in Southern Europe. It is named after the Albanian city of Shkodër which lies at its southeastern coast. It is a karst lake.

The Montenegrin section of the lake and surrounding land have been designated as a national park, while the Albanian part constitutes a nature reserve and a Ramsar site.
Distant Light (Alex Lloyd album)
Distant Light is the third studio album by Australian singer-songwriter Alex Lloyd. It was released in September 2003, and peaked at number 9 on the ARIA Charts and it was certified gold.

At the ARIA Music Awards of 2004, the album was nominated for two awards.

2004 ARIA Music Awards
The 18th Annual Australian Recording Industry Association Music Awards (generally known as ARIA Music Awards or simply the ARIAs) were held on 17 October 2004 at the Sydney SuperDome within the Sydney Olympic Complex. The ceremony, hosted by Rove McManus and produced by Roving Enterprises for Network Ten, was held for the first time on a Sunday night and averaged 1.39 million viewers. The 2004 ARIA Fine Arts Awards had been presented at a ceremony weeks earlier.
Amateur journalism
Amateur journalism is a hobby for publishing and printing small newspapers or journals established after the U.S. Civil War, using small and inexpensive printing presses. Local circulation and exchanges, sometimes among associations were done. Conventions were also held. The hobby waxed and waned in the early 20th century, achieving a literary peak under the influence of H. P. Lovecraft and W. Paul Cook in the 1915-1925 period. The 1930s brought a redevelopment of interest with a mix of fine printing with quality material and crude leaflets from small hand-presses and mimeographs.
Membership in associations has diminished to the hundreds in the United States and Canada and many are elderly as safety rules for motorized presses and hand-setting type have become lost arts. Citizen journalism and blogging have come with the advent of the internet, however.

Retired Tampa Tribune reporter Leland Hawes is an aficionado.

W. Paul Cook
William Paul Cook (August 31, 1881 – January 22, 1948) was a writer, printer and publisher. He wrote under his own name and the pseudonym Willis T. Crossman, and was a leading figure in amateur journalism. He lived and wrote mostly in Vermont and Massachusetts.
2012 Wisconsin Senate recall elections
The 2012 Wisconsin Senate recall elections were a set of recall elections for four Wisconsin state senators held on June 5, 2012. Four of the 33 seats in the Wisconsin Senate were up for election—all odd-numbered districts. Before the election, four of these seats were held by Republicans. The primary election was held on May 8, 2012.

These recall elections followed the largest group of recall elections in U.S. history during the previous year, in which Republicans kept control of the Wisconsin Senate. Democrats flipped one Republican-held seat, regaining control of the chamber for the first time since 2008.

After the elections, Democrats entered the remainder of the 100th Wisconsin Legislature with 17 of 33 seats.

Pam Galloway
Pam Galloway (born September 11, 1955) is an American physician and surgeon and a former Republican member of the Wisconsin Senate, representing the 29th District from 2011 through her resignation on March 16, 2012.
Hat Trick (America album)
Hat Trick is the third studio album by the American folk rock trio America, released on Warner Bros. Records in 1973. It peaked at number 28 on the Billboard album chart; it failed to go gold, whereas the group's first two releases had platinum sales. The album produced the single "Muskrat Love", which reached number 67 on the Billboard singles chart and number 11 on the adult contemporary chart. That song would become a much bigger hit for Captain & Tennille three years later.

Muskrat Love
"Muskrat Love" is a soft rock song written by Willis Alan Ramsey. The song depicts a romantic liaison between two anthropomorphic muskrats named Susie and Sam. It was first recorded in 1972 by Ramsey for his sole album release Willis Alan Ramsey. The song was originally titled "Muskrat Candlelight" referencing the song's opening lyric.

A 1973 cover version by the folk/rock band America—retitled "Muskrat Love" for the lyrics that close the chorus—was a minor hit, reaching number 67 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart. In 1976, a cover by pop music duo Captain & Tennille resulted in the song's highest profile, peaking at number four on the Hot 100 chart. It also reached number two on the Cash Box chart, which ranked it as the 30th biggest hit of 1976.
Jūrōta Kosugi
Jūrōta Kosugi (小杉 十郎太, Kosugi Jūrōta; born December 19, 1957 in Yokohama, Japan) is a Japanese voice actor. His major roles include Arlong in One Piece, Asuma Sarutobi in Naruto, Akio Ohtori in Revolutionary Girl Utena, Isamu Kenmochi in Kindaichi Case Files, Big Zenki in Zenki, and Jotaro Kujo in JoJo's Bizarre Adventure (OVA).  In video games, he provides the voice of Nobunaga Oda in the Samurai Warriors and Warriors Orochi series. He also provides the Japanese voice for Billy Blanks, David Duchovny, Tony Leung Chiu-wai and Luke Perry. He was also the first dub-over artist of Daniel Craig and Andy Lau in their early days.

Zenki
Zenki (Japanese: 鬼神童子 ZENKI, Hepburn: Kishin Dōji Zenki; lit. "Demon God Child Zenki") is a Japanese manga series written by Kikuhide Tani and illustrated by Yoshihiro Kuroiwa. It was introduced and serialized in the Shueisha's Monthly Shōnen Jump magazine from December 1992 to September 1996. Zenki was adapted into a 51-episode anime television series in 1995 and a single original video animation in 1997 by Studio Deen and also received five video games. Media Blasters handles the English language version of the anime and its distribution rights.
Venus on Trial
Venus on Trial (German: Venus vor Gericht) is a 1941 German drama film directed by Hans H. Zerlett and starring Hannes Stelzer, Hansi Knoteck, and Paul Dahlke. The film was part of the Nazis' campaign against 'degenerate art', and depicts the trial of a young artist who has resisted the trend towards it.

The film was made by Bavaria Film at their Emelka Studios in Munich. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Max Seefelder, Hans Sohnle and Wilhelm Vorwerg.

Hannes Stelzer
Hannes Stelzer (20 June 1910 – 27 December 1944) was an Austrian film actor. Stelzer was a leading actor in German cinema during the Nazi era.

As well as appearing in dramas and light comedies, Stelzer also featured in more propagandistic works, including leading roles in the war films Stukas and The Crew of the Dora (1943), his final film.

During the Second World War Stelzer served in the German Air Force. In 1944 he was killed in a plane crash near Komáron, Hungary, possibly as the result of enemy action. By Reichskulturkammer, dated 27 January 1945, he was returning from mission during heavy snowstorm and hit the power lines.

Stelzer married Johanna Weyand in 1935 and, after they divorced, the German actress Maria Bard in 1940, whom he remained married to until her death in 1944.
1997 Somaliland presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Somaliland on 23 February 1997, the third indirect presidential election since the country declared its independence from Somalia in 1991. The elections took place towards the end of the Hargeisa Conference, held between October 1996 and February 1997. The election resulted in incumbent President Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal being reelected to a four-year term by an electoral college of elders who made up the national guurti(council of elders). Egal's closest competitor was Minister of Finance Suleiman Mohamoud Adan, who was also formerly in the cabinet of inaugural President Abdirahman Ahmed Ali Tuur.

Suleiman Mohamoud Adan
Suleiman Mohamoud Adan (Somali: Saleebaan Maxamuud Aadan, Arabic: سليمان محمود آدم), also known as Saleebaan Gaal is a Somaliland politician and the speaker of Somaliland House of Elders since 28 August 2004.
My Brother's Road
My Brother's Road: An American's Fateful Journey to Armenia by Markar Melkonian. It is a biography and memoir about the American-born Armenian, Monte Melkonian (1957–1993) published by Bloomsbury in May 2008.

Monte was a third-generation Central Californian who as a young man abandoned a promising career as an archaeologist to become an Armenian militant. He was a witness to revolution in Iran, an Armenian militiaman in Beirut,  a guerrilla fighter in Southern Lebanon,  and finally, a commander of 4,000 fighters and thirty tanks in Karabagh. He died in battle on June 12, 1993, and has since been designated a national hero of Armenia.

The book was written with the help of Monte's widow, Seta, and covers his journey from the classrooms of California to the rubble of Beirut, the Iranian revolution, ASALA, and the struggle for the mountains of Nagorno-Karabakh.

Seta Kabranian-Melkonian
Seta Kabranian-Melkonian (Armenian: Սեդա Գպրանեան-Մելքոնեան; b. 1963) is an Armenian-American writer and refugee rights activist. Born in Lebanon, Kabranian moved to Yerevan to study Armenian literature. She met and married Monte Melkonian, who died fighting in the First Nagorno-Karabakh War. She established a non-governmental organization in his name, to provide aid to families of Armenian soldiers and refugees. She later moved to Alaska, where she studied creative nonfiction, contributed to research on refugees and worked as a faculty member of the University of Alaska Anchorage.
Wallace John Eckert
Wallace John Eckert (June 19, 1902 – August 24, 1971) was an American astronomer, who directed the Thomas J. Watson Astronomical Computing Bureau at Columbia University which evolved into the research division of IBM.

IT History Society
The IT History Society (ITHS) is an organization that supports the history and scholarship of information technology by encouraging, fostering, and facilitating archival and historical research. Formerly known as the Charles Babbage Foundation, it advises historians, promotes collaboration among academic organizations and museums, and assists IT corporations in preparing and archiving their histories for future studies.
Joseph Bailly
Joseph Bailly (7 April 1774 – 21 December 1835) was a fur trader and a member of an important French Canadian family that included his uncle, Charles-François Bailly de Messein.

Bailly was one of several Canadian from prominent families who were important in the western fur trade. In 1822, he established a trading post near present-day Porter, Indiana, making him the foremost pioneer of that area.

Porter, Indiana
Porter is a town in Westchester Township, Porter County, in the U.S. state of Indiana. The population was 5,210 as of the 2020 census.  Porter is in the Indiana Dunes ecosystem, which played a role in the creation of The Nature Conservancy, and inspired conservation efforts. It is home to Porter Beach, also known as Johnson's Beach, on Lake Michigan.

Porter is located near Indiana Dunes State Park and on the southern railroad terminus of the Chicago and West Michigan Railway.
Ministry of Defense (Ethiopia)
The Ministry of Defense (Amharic: የመከላከያ ሚኒስቴር, romanized: yemekelakeya mīnīsitēri) is a cabinet-level office in charge of defense-related matters of Ethiopia. The current minister is Aisha Mohammed since 2024.

Aisha Mohammed (politician)
Aisha Mohammed Mussa is an Ethiopian engineer and politician who is currently serving as Minister of Defense since 20 May 2024. Also, she was defense minister from October 2018 to April 2019. Aisha had previously served Minister of Irrigation and Lowland Areas Development from 6 October 2021 and the Minister of Construction and Urban Development from 18 April 2019 to 6 October 2021.
Red Velvet (play)
Red Velvet is a 2012 play by Lolita Chakrabarti, dealing with the biography of the 19th century actor Ira Aldridge and his taking of the role of Othello as the first Black man to play this part on the British stage. The play premiered at the Tricycle Theatre, London (directed by its new artistic director Indhu Rubasingham) from 11 October to 24 November 2012, with Aldridge played by Adrian Lester. Lester revived his role when the Tricycle Theatre Production collaborated with Kenneth Branagh Company’s season at the West End's Garrick theatre in 2016.   It has since been produced by several theatres in the United States and Canada.

Kiln Theatre
The Kiln Theatre (formerly the Tricycle Theatre) is a theatre located in Kilburn, in the London Borough of Brent, England. Since 1980, the theatre has presented a wide range of plays reflecting the cultural diversity of the area, as well as new writing, political work and verbatim reconstructions of public inquiries.

The theatre has produced original work by playwrights such as Lynn Nottage, Patrick Barlow, Richard Bean, David Edgar, Stephen Jeffreys, Abi Morgan, Simon Stephens, Roy Williams, Lolita Chakrabarti, Moira Buffini, Alexi Kaye Campbell, Florian Zeller, Ayad Akhtar and Zadie Smith.

The theatre was founded in 1980 by Ken Chubb and Shirley Barrie. The current artistic director is Amit Sharma, who succeeded Indhu Rubasingham, in December 2023, who in turn had succeeded Nicolas Kent in 2012.

The theatre's name was changed from the Tricycle to Kiln Theatre in April 2018.
Pinjar (film)
Pinjar (transl. The Cage) is a 2003 Indian Hindi-language historical drama film written and directed by Chandraprakash Dwivedi. The film revolves around the Hindu-Muslim problems during the partition of India and is based on a Punjabi novel of the same name, written by Amrita Pritam. It stars Urmila Matondkar, Manoj Bajpayee, Sanjay Suri, Sandali Sinha, and Priyanshu Chatterjee. Upon release, the film received critical acclaim, winning the National Film Award for Best Feature Film on National Integration and the Special Jury Award for Bajpayee.

Chandraprakash Dwivedi
Chandraprakash Dwivedi (born 26 February 1960) is an Indian actor, film director and screenwriter, who is best known for directing the 1991 television epic Chanakya in which he also played the title role of the political strategist Chanakya and an inspiration for millions. He has also directed the 1996 television series Mrityunjay which is based on the life of Karna, one of the main characters of the epic Mahabharata, for which he won a Screen Videocon Best Director award. His other major work is the 2003 film Pinjar, a tragic love story set amidst the Hindu-Muslim tensions during the Partition of India, based on Amrita Pritam's novel of the same name. He also wrote and directed Akshay Kumar-starrer Samrat Prithviraj (2022). He was honoured by the Government of India with the Padma Shri, the fourth-highest civilian honour of the country, in 2022.
San Diego Sunwaves
The San Diego Sunwaves were an American women's soccer team based in San Diego, California, that competed in the USL W-League. The team played its home games at Torero Stadium on the grounds of the University of San Diego. The Sunwaves were founded in 2005, the team played for three years before folding in 2007. The team's colors were blue, red and white.

Prior to the 2007 season the team was known as the San Diego Gauchos Women, and was associated with the now-defunct men's USL Premier Development League franchise, the San Diego Gauchos.

San Diego Gauchos
The San Diego Gauchos were an American soccer team based in San Diego, California, that competed in the United Soccer League's Premier Development League (PDL), the fourth tier of the American soccer pyramid. The team played its home games at Torero Stadium. In 2006, the team was sold to new owners, and the franchise was disbanded.
New Jersey's 30th legislative district
New Jersey's 30th legislative district is one of 40 districts that make up the map for the New Jersey Legislature. It covers the Monmouth County municipalities of Avon-by-the-Sea, Belmar, Farmingdale, Howell Township, Lake Como, and Wall Township and the Ocean County municipality of Lakewood Township.

Avon-by-the-Sea, New Jersey
Avon-by-the-Sea (often called simply Avon; pronunciation: /ævɒn/, AH-von) is a borough in Monmouth County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 1,933, an increase of 32 (+1.7%) from the 2010 census count of 1,901, which in turn reflected a decline of 343 (−15.3%) from the 2,244 counted in the 2000 census.

Avon-by-the-Sea was incorporated as a borough by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 23, 1900, from portions of Neptune City. The borough was named for Avon, England, or for the Avon Inn, a hotel constructed in 1883.

In 2010, Forbes.com listed Avon-by-the-Sea as 232nd in its listing of "America's Most Expensive ZIP Codes", with a median home price of $989,212.
Hotel Kurrajong
Hotel Kurrajong Canberra is a heritage-listed hotel located in the Canberra suburb of Barton, Australian Capital Territory, close to Parliament House and national institutions within the Parliamentary Triangle precinct. The Hotel has a strong association with Australia's political history, most notably as the residence of Prime Minister Ben Chifley throughout his parliamentary career, including his term in office from 1945-1949. In 1951, Chifley suffered a fatal heart attack in room 205 at Hotel Kurrajong.

Barton, Australian Capital Territory
Barton (postcode: 2600) is a suburb of Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia. At the 2021 census, Barton had a population of 1,946 people.

Barton is adjacent to Capital Hill. It contains the Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, Attorney-General's Department, Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade and several other Commonwealth government departments.

On Kings Avenue is the controversial Edmund Barton Building, which was made a heritage listed building in 2005, but its modernist design has often been criticised.

The boundary of Barton runs along Telopea Park East in the south east. On the east side it surrounds the East Basin of Lake Burley Griffin. In the north east the boundary is Morshead Drive. The boundary continues along Kings Avenue all the way to State Circle. State Circle forms the boundary with Capital Hill to the west. The boundary then extends along the centre of Sydney Avenue, and finally along New South Wales Crescent back to Telopea Park.
Radio Television of Djibouti
Radio Television of Djibouti (RTD) (Arabic: إذاعة وتلفزيون جيبوتي, French: Radiodiffusion télévision de Djibouti) is the national broadcaster of Djibouti. The station is based in Djibouti city and the only media outlet of the country. RTD broadcasts in Arabic, French, Afar, Somali & English The in-house band of RTD is Groupe RTD.

In addition to RTD, the country's government does not allow any other broadcasters. According to Reporters Without Borders, RTD is used for government propaganda. The opposition broadcaster La Voix de Djibouti broadcast for ten years as an online radio from Belgium, in June 2020 it resumed terrestrial broadcasting on a rented station from Bulgaria via shortwave.

RTD operates a powerful medium wave transmitter that broadcasts the Arabic-language US-governmental program Radio Sawa for all of East Africa.

Afar language
Afar, also known as ’Afar af, Qafar af,  or عَفَر أَف, is an Afroasiatic language belonging to the Cushitic branch, primarily spoken by the Afar people, native to parts of Djibouti, Eritrea and Ethiopia. It is an official language in Ethiopia; and a national language in Djibouti and Eritrea. Afar is officially written in the Latin script and has over 2.6 million speakers.
Owaka
Owaka is a small town in the Clutha District of South Otago, in the South Island of New Zealand. It is the largest community in the rugged, forested Catlins area, close to the border with Southland, some 35 km (22 mi) south of Balclutha on the Southern Scenic Route.

South Otago
South Otago lies in the south east of the South Island of New Zealand. As the name suggests, it forms the southernmost part of the geographical region of Otago.

The exact definition of the area designated as South Otago is imprecise, as the area is defined not in geopolitical or administrative terms, but rather by the area's topographical features and the similarity of its communities. The area is often seen as roughly congruous with the Clutha District, which has its administrative centre at Balclutha. However, most of the Taieri catchment, from Taieri Mouth and Henley to Mosgiel and Middlemarch, with the coastal areas around Brighton, has been part of the City of Dunedin since 1989. The southwestern part of Clutha District, around the townships of Tapanui and Clinton, are regarded as part of a separate area, West Otago.