hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Claino con Osteno
Claino con Osteno (Comasco: Scin Osten [ˌʃĩː uˈstẽː]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Milan and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) north of Como.  It is a small comune on Lake Lugano, composed of a series of small frazioni (hamlets): the biggest ones (Claino and Osteno) have been chosen for the municipal name.

Claino con Osteno borders the following municipalities: Alta Valle Intelvi, Laino, Ponna, Porlezza,   Valsolda.

Near Osteno is a site belonging to the Moltrasio Formation, which preserves numerous late-Jurassic fossils characterized by integral fossilization such as Squaloraja polyspondyla.

Laino
Laino (Comasco: Laìn [laˈĩː]) is a comune (municipality) in the province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Como.

Laino borders the following municipalities: Alta Valle Intelvi, Blessagno, Centro Valle Intelvi, Claino con Osteno, Colonno, Pigra, Ponna.

Painter Livio Retti was born in Laino (30 November 1692).
Jonathan Shepard
Jonathan Shepard FRHistS (born 1948) is a British historian specialising in early medieval Russia, the Caucasus, and the Byzantine Empire. He is regarded as a leading authority in Byzantine studies and on the Kievan Rus. He specialises in diplomatic and archaeological history of the early Kievan period. Shepard received his doctorate in 1973 from Oxford University and was a lecturer in Russian History at the University of Cambridge. Among other works, he is co-author (with Simon Franklin) of The Emergence of Rus, 750–1200 (1996), and editor of The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire (2008).

Among Shepard's theories is that the breakdown in Byzantine-Khazar relations and the shift in Byzantine foreign policy towards allying with the Pechenegs and the Rus against Khazaria was a result of the Khazar conversion to Judaism.

The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire
The Cambridge History of the Byzantine Empire c.500–1492 is a history of the Byzantine Empire published by Cambridge University Press in 2008. It was edited by Jonathan Shepard of the University of Cambridge.

The history is made up of 24 chapters in chronological order comprising new and reprinted material, 15 of them having previously appeared in other Cambridge books such as The Cambridge Ancient History and The New Cambridge Medieval History.
B type Adelaide tram
The B type Adelaide tram was a class of 30 straight sill, open cross-bench trams built by Duncan & Fraser, Adelaide in 1909 for the Municipal Tramways Trust (MTT). Although popular in summer, they were less so in winter when exposed to inclement weather. Thus in 1917 with the MTT requiring more trams, 41-60 were converted to Californian combination trams, closely resembling the A type trams. When the MTT introduced an alpha classification system in 1923, they were designated the B type. Numbers 41-43 became the A2 type and 44-60 the A1 type. The A2s were used exclusively on the isolated Port Adelaide network.

Duncan & Fraser
Duncan & Fraser Limited was a vehicle manufacturing company founded in 1865 in Adelaide, South Australia that built horse-drawn carriages and horse trams, and subsequently bodies for trains, electric trams and motor cars, becoming one of the largest carriage building companies in Australia.

In 1919 the company decided to abandon coachbuilding and confine itself to automotive manufacture; by 1927 the construction of Ford Model T motor car bodies had become the company's principal activity and the company was operating automotive distributorships and dealerships. However, the succeeding Ford Model A required an all-steel body, which Ford's US headquarters decided would be made in Canada and assembled in Ford's own factory in Geelong. Since most of the company's income had consequently ceased, the shareholders voted in August 1927 to close the company.
Bitkha
Bitkha (Hebrew: בטחה) is a moshav in southern Israel. Located in the north-western Negev desert near Ofakim, it falls under the jurisdiction of Merhavim Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 790.

Merhavim Regional Council
Merhavim Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית מרחבים, Mo'atza Azorit Merhavim) is a regional council in the Southern District of Israel. It covers 14 moshavim, a community settlement, a youth village and an educational institution.
Pietrina Francone
Pietrina Francone was a 15th-century Italian noblewoman from the Francone family in Apulia. Her father was Oliviero Francone, an Aragonese officer in Lecce. Through her marriage to Albanian Prince Regnant Gjergj Arianiti, she became the Princess Consort of the Arianiti Principality.

Gjergj Arianiti
Gjergj Arianiti (13??–1462) was an Albanian feudal lord who led several successful campaigns against the Ottoman Empire. He was the father of Donika, Skanderbeg's wife, as well as the uncle of Moisi Golemi. Gjergj Arianiti was Skanderbeg's ally within the League of Lezhë before abandoning the alliance after the capture of Berat by the Ottomans in 1450. He later returned. Robert Elsie emphasizes that Arianiti was often Skanderbeg's rival. He allied with the Kingdom of Naples in 1446, left his alliance with Skanderbeg by 1449 and allied with Venice in 1456. However, his daughter married Skanderbeg and he remained officially part of the League of Lezhë, continuing to fight Ottomans successfully up to his death in 1462.
Taipei Metro C341
The Taipei Metro C341 is the third generation of heavy capacity electric multiple units on the Taipei Metro in Taipei, Taiwan. Built by Siemens Mobility and SGP Verkehrstechnik in Austria, it was introduced on the Bannan line in 2004.

Simmering-Graz-Pauker
Simmering-Graz-Pauker AG (SGP), founded as Simmering-Graz-Pauker AG für Maschinen-, Kessel- und Waggonbau,  was an important Austrian machine and engine factory, manufacturing: machinery, boilers and rail vehicles.  It was established in 1941 through the merger of Simmering machinery and rolling stock company with the Graz machine and rolling stock company and the Paukerwerkstraße Corporation from Vienna. It was separated in 1989 into two divisions; SGP-VA Energie- und Umwelttechnik for power systems and SGP Verkehrstechnik for rail vehicles. The former became part of the Austrian Industries Technologies company and later became Austrian Energy & Environment, while the rail business was acquired by Siemens in the 1990s. It traded as Siemens SGP Verkehrstechnik before being fully merged into Siemens Austria in 2009.
George Gallo
George Gallo Jr. (born March 20, 1956) is an American screenwriter, film director, producer, painter, and musician. He is known for creating the Bad Boys franchise and has a story credit for the first film, Bad Boys. He also wrote Midnight Run and 29th Street, and is an accomplished painter in the style of the Pennsylvania Impressionists. In 1990, he won an award in The Arts for the Parks Top 100 managed by the National Park Academy of the Arts, Inc., and he has had three one-man exhibitions in New York City.

In 2010, Gallo wrote and directed the film Middle Men, starring Luke Wilson.

29th Street (film)
29th Street is a 1991 American comedy-drama film written and directed by George Gallo and starring Danny Aiello, Anthony LaPaglia, and Lainie Kazan. It was adapted from a story by Frank Pesce and James Franciscus (who had both co-starred in the cult thriller Killer Fish).
Noble County Courthouse (Oklahoma)
The Noble County Courthouse is a three-story building, built in 1915, located at the center of the Perry Courthouse Square Historic District. The size of the plot on which it stands is 1 acre (4,000 m2).  The architect was J.W. Hawk. There have been minimal alterations either inside or outside the building, and it still serves its original purpose as the center of county government and repository of all county records.

Hawk & Parr
Hawk & Parr was an American architectural firm active in Oklahoma City. It was formed in 1914 as the merger of the offices of architects J. W. Hawk and J. O. Parr. After the retirement of Hawk in 1932 and the death of Parr in 1940, it was led by Parr's son into the 1980s.
Kim Kwang-kyu (actor)
Kim Kwang-kyu (Korean: 김광규; born December 8, 1967) is a South Korean actor. He made his acting debut in 1999 in Dr. K, and its director fellow Busan native Kwak Kyung-taek later cast him in a small but memorable role as a physically abusive teacher in the 2001 box-office hit Friend. Kim continued acting in both television and film as a supporting actor, notably in Couple or Trouble (2006), The Secret of Coocoo Island (2008), Scent of a Woman (2011), and I Can Hear Your Voice (2013). He also appears on the reality shows I Live Alone (since 2013) and Three Meals a Day (2015).

Couple or Trouble
Couple or Trouble (Korean: 환상의 커플; RR: Hwansangui keopeul; lit. Fantasy Couple) is a 2006 South Korean television series loosely based on the 1987 Hollywood film Overboard. Starring Han Ye-seul and Oh Ji-ho, it aired on MBC from October 14 to December 3, 2006, on Saturdays and Sundays at 21:40 for 16 episodes. The romantic comedy series was popular in the ratings, and received recognition at the MBC Drama Awards.
Thomas Exmewe
Sir Thomas Exmewe (born c. 1454 in Ruthin, Denbighshire) was a member of the Goldsmiths Company. He was elected Sheriff of London in 1508 and Lord Mayor of London on 5 December 1517. He became the first Lord Mayor of London whose portrait is known to have been painted. The posthumous portrait, dated c. 1550, is now in the collection of the Guildhall Art Gallery and has been attributed to John Bettes the Elder.

Exmewe died in 1529. Thomas Exmewe was married to Elizabeth, formerly the wife of John West.

Ruthin
Ruthin (/ˈrɪθɪn/ ⓘ RITH-in; Welsh: Rhuthun) is a market town and community in Denbighshire, Wales, in the south of the Vale of Clwyd. The town, castle and St Peter's Square lie on a hill, skirted by villages such as Pwllglas and Rhewl. The name comes from the Welsh rhudd ('red') and din ('fort'), after the colour of sandstone bedrock, from which the castle was built in 1277–1284. The Old Mill, Ruthin, is nearby. Maen Huail, a registered ancient monument associated with King Arthur and with Hueil mab Caw, the brother of the historian Gildas, stands in St Peter's Square.
Maitres du Temps
Maîtres du Temps is a Swiss watch company.  Founded in 2005 by Steven Holtzman, the brand is based in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland.  The brand launched in Geneva in 2008 with Chapter One, a watch developed by Christophe Claret, Roger Dubuis and Peter Speake-Marin.

Kari Voutilainen
Kari Voutilainen, AHCI (born in 1962) is a Finnish watchmaker residing in Môtiers, Switzerland. Voutilainen is generally considered to be one of the greatest living watchmakers. Altogether ten watches by Voutilainen have been awarded the Grand Prix d'Horlogerie de Genève (Geneva Watchmaking Grand Prix).
Milkshake Duck
In Internet culture, a Milkshake Duck is a person who gains popularity on social media for some positive trait or traits, but is later discovered to have a distasteful history or to engage in offensive behavior. The term has been connected to cancel culture, a perceived trend of social media, sometimes resulting in celebrities being ostracized and careers abruptly derailed by publicized misconduct.

The phrase is derived from a Twitter post made on 12 June 2016 by Ben Ward, an Australian cartoonist using the online handle "pixelatedboat". His Twitter joke describes a fictional Internet viral phenomenon of a "lovely duck that drinks milkshakes" which is immediately discovered to be racist. Ward said the joke was partially influenced by the Chewbacca Mask Lady.

Zoom Cat Lawyer
Zoom Cat Lawyer is an Internet meme that emerged in February 2021 when attorney Rod Ponton struggled to disable a cat filter on the video conferencing application Zoom during a civil forfeiture hearing in Texas' 394th Judicial District Court. The attorney's face was digitally altered to look like a gray cat, making it appear as though a cat was participating in a judicial hearing.
Shirome (film)
Shirome (シロメ; White Eyes) is a 2010 Japanese mockumentary horror film written and directed by Kōji Shiraishi. It is presented in a found footage style, and concerns a school which is haunted by a wish-granting spirit. Shiraishi appears in a starring role in the film, playing himself, as do the six then-members of the Japanese idol group Momoiro Clover Z.

Kōji Shiraishi
Kōji Shiraishi (白石 晃士, Shiraishi Kōji; born June 1, 1973) is a Japanese filmmaker and occasional actor. He is primarily known for directing and writing or co-writing horror films such as Noroi: The Curse (2005), Carved: The Slit-Mouthed Woman (2007), Occult (2009), Teketeke (2009), Cult (2013), and Sadako vs. Kayako (2016).
Chilton, Texas
Chilton is a census-designated place (CDP) and unincorporated community in Falls County, Texas, United States. It had a population of 776 at the 2020 census.

Chilton is located in western Falls County. U.S. Route 77 forms the western edge of the community, leading north 20 miles (32 km) to Waco and south 16 miles (26 km) to Rosebud. Texas State Highway 7 passes through the center of Chilton, leading east 10 miles (16 km) to Marlin, the county seat, and west 12 miles (19 km) to Bruceville-Eddy.

Marlin, Texas
Marlin is a city in Falls County, Texas, United States. Its population was 5,462 at the 2020 census. Since 1851, it has been the county seat of Falls County. Marlin has been given the nickname "The Hot Mineral Water City of Texas" by the 76th Texas State Legislature. Mineral water was discovered there in 1892.
Closing time effect
"Closing time effect" refers to the phenomenon whereby people's perception of other people's attractiveness increases as it gets later into the night. The observation was first made by Mickey Gilley in his song, "Don't the Girls All Get Prettier at Closing Time" in 1975. Subsequently, it caught the attention of social psychologists who used scientific testing to gather evidence in support of the idea.

Don't the Girls All Get Prettier at Closing Time
"Don't the Girls All Get Prettier at Closing Time" is a song written by Baker Knight, and recorded by American country music artist Mickey Gilley.  It was released in January 1976 as the first single from the album Gilley's Smokin.  The song was Gilley's fifth No. 1 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart. The song's one week atop the chart was part of a 12-week stay in the country chart's top 40.
Murrintown
Murrintown (Irish: Baile Mhúráin), also spelled Murntown, is a small village in the southeast of County Wexford, Ireland, close to Wexford town. It is part of the ecclesiastical parish of Piercestown and lies in the civil parish of  Kildavin.

The village contains a pub, primary school, Roman Catholic church, a large community centre, a shop and a childcare centre.  A new cemetery opened in February 2018.

County Wexford
County Wexford (Irish: Contae Loch Garman) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Leinster and is part of the Southern Region. Named after the town of Wexford, it was based on the historic Gaelic territory of Hy Kinsella (Uí Ceinnsealaigh), whose capital was Ferns. Wexford County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 163,527 at the 2022 census.
Tommy Stewart
Tommy Stewart is an American drummer, currently for the rock band Lo-Pro. He is best known for his work with the band Godsmack. He has also toured and recorded with a number of other bands including Detroit based metal band Halloween, glam rock band Lillian Axe, and alternative rock bands Fuel and Everclear.

Letting Go (EP)
Letting Go is the EP of Lo-Pro, initially available only during concerts in July and August during the "Stimulate This" Tour with Staind, Shinedown, Chevelle and Halestorm.  It was reported to be released digitally in September 2009, but was eventually pushed back to October 21, 2009. This is their first formal release of music in six years, since their self-titled album in 2003. In the past, Lo-Pro has claimed to be working on "over 26 songs" for a future release. Despite this, five of the six tracks on it were later put on their full-length album The Beautiful Sounds of Revenge, to be released on June 8, 2010.
Benn Karr
Benjamin Joyce Karr (November 28, 1893 – December 8, 1968), known as Benn Karr and nicknamed Baldy Karr, was an American Major League Baseball pitcher who played between 1920 and 1927 for the  Boston Red Sox (1920–22) and Cleveland Indians (1925–27). Listed at 6 ft 0 in (1.83 m), 175 lb., Karr batted left-handed and threw right-handed. He was born in Mount Pleasant, Mississippi.

In a six-season career, Karr posted a 35–48 record with 180 strikeouts and a 4.60 ERA in 177 appearances, including 58 starts, 29 complete games, one shutout, five saves, and 780+1⁄3 innings of work. He also pitched in the minors for 15 years and served in the U.S. Army during World War I.

Karr died in Memphis, Tennessee at age 75.

Mount Pleasant, Mississippi
Mount Pleasant (or Mt. Pleasant) is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Marshall County, Mississippi, United States, located along U.S. Highway 72 at State Highway 311. The community has a volunteer fire department on Boswell Road, and a K-12 school located off Highway 72.

It was first named as a CDP in the 2020 Census, which listed a population of 293.
Arthur Ward (dairy researcher)
Sir Arthur Hugh Ward KBE (25 March 1906 – 1 November 1993) was a New Zealand accountant, dairy researcher and administrator, company director and university chancellor. He was born in Spalding, Lincolnshire, England, in 1906.

Ward was chancellor of Massey University from 1976 to 1980. In the 1961 New Year Honours, Ward was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire, for services to the dairy industry, and he was promoted to Knight Commander of the same order, for services to the dairy industry and education, in the 1979 Queen's Birthday Honours. He was awarded an honorary DSc by Massey University in 1991.

1961 New Year Honours (New Zealand)
The 1961 New Year Honours in New Zealand were appointments by Elizabeth II on the advice of the New Zealand government to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by New Zealanders. The awards celebrated the passing of 1960 and the beginning of 1961, and were announced on 31 December 1960.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour.
Long Valley Farm
Long Valley Farm is a historic farm and national historic district located in Carvers Creek State Park near Spring Lake in Cumberland County and Harnett County, North Carolina.  It encompasses 24 contributing buildings and 5 contributing structures on a winter agricultural estate.  The main house is known as the Long Valley Farm Seat, or James Stillman Rockefeller Residence, and was built in 1937–1938. It is a two-story, five-bay, Colonial Revival style frame dwelling with one-story wings.  Other notable contributing resources are the Mill Pavilion, Mill House and Gates, Pack House, Forge, Great Barn, Overseer's House, Tobacco Barns, Worker's Houses, Springhouse, and Water Tower.  Noted financier James Stillman Rockefeller become the full owner of Long Valley Farm in January 1937.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

James Stillman Rockefeller
James Stillman Rockefeller (June 8, 1902 – August 10, 2004) was a member of the prominent U.S. Rockefeller family. He won an Olympic rowing title for the United States, then became president of what eventually became Citigroup. He was a trustee of the American Museum of Natural History and a member of the board of overseers of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center.
Trehalose
Trehalose is a sugar derived from two molecules of glucose.  Trehalose is a disaccharide formed by a 1,1-glycosidic bond between two α-glucose units. It is found in nature as a disaccharide and also as a monomer in some polymers. Two other stereoisomers exist: α,β-trehalose, also called neotrehalose, and β,β-trehalose, also called isotrehalose. Neither of these alternate isomers has been isolated from living organisms, but isotrehalose has been found in starch hydroisolates. Some bacteria, fungi, plants and invertebrate animals synthesize it as a source of energy, and to survive freezing and lack of water.

Cryptobiosis
Cryptobiosis or anabiosis is a metabolic state in extremophilic organisms in response to adverse environmental conditions such as desiccation, freezing, and oxygen deficiency. In the cryptobiotic state, all measurable metabolic processes stop, preventing reproduction, development, and repair. When environmental conditions return to being hospitable, the organism will return to its metabolic state of life as it was prior to cryptobiosis.
Zhang Tailei
Zhang Tailei (simplified Chinese: 张太雷; traditional Chinese: 張太雷; pinyin: Zhāng Tàiléi; June 1898 – 12 December 1927) was a Chinese revolutionary and an early leader of the Chinese Communist movement. He was active in communist youth organization, served as a representative of the Communist International (Comintern), and was one of the principal leaders of the 1927 Guangzhou Uprising, during which he was killed in action.

Guangzhou Uprising
The Guangzhou Uprising, also known as the Canton Uprising or Canton Riots of 1927, was a short-lived communist uprising in the city of Guangzhou (Canton) in southern China. Communist forces briefly seized much of the city and proclaimed a Soviet of Workers, Soldiers, and Peasant Deputies before being defeated by Kuomintang (Nationalist) troops.
Frank Watene
Francis Joseph Mihaka Watene (born 15 February 1977) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played as a prop or second-row forward in the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s. He played at representative level for Tonga (1995 Rugby League World Cup squad), New Zealand Junior Kiwis (1996), New Zealand Māori, and at club level for Counties Manukau Heroes, Auckland Warriors, Wakefield Trinity Wildcats, Hull Kingston Rovers, Castleford Tigers, Dewsbury Rams and Halifax at club level.

Counties Manukau rugby league team
The Counties Manukau rugby league team represents the Counties Manukau zone in the Albert Baskerville Trophy. Previously, teams representing Southern Auckland and the Franklin district of New Zealand have competed in the Lion Red Cup and Bartercard Cup. They are nicknamed the Stingrays.
2006 Cape Verdean parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Cape Verde on 22 January 2006. The result was a victory for the ruling African Party for the Independence of Cape Verde (PAICV) run by José Maria Neves, which won 41 of the 72 seats in the National Assembly.  Second was the Movement for Democracy (Mpd) and third was Democratic and Independent Cape Verdean Union (UCID) led by João Santos dos Luís.

Movement for Democracy (Cape Verde)
The Movement for Democracy (Portuguese: Movimento para a Democracia, MpD) is a Christian democratic and liberal party in Cape Verde. Established in 1990, it was the ruling party from 1991 to 2001 and returned to power in the 2016 parliamentary election. Its members are nicknamed "os ventoinhas" (the wind fans) in Portuguese, a reference to the party's logo.
Girih tile
Girih tiles are a set of five tiles that were used in the creation of Islamic geometric patterns using strapwork (girih) for decoration of buildings in Islamic architecture. They have been used since about the year 1200 and their arrangements found significant improvement starting with the Darb-i Imam shrine in Isfahan in Iran built in 1453.

Darb-e Imam
The Darb-e Imam (Persian: امامزاده درب امام; Arabic: مرقد درب الإمام) is a Twelver Shi'ite Imamzadeh complex located in the Dardasht quarter of Esfahan, in the province of Isfahan, Iran. The complex comprises two shrines, a mosque, a mausoleum, and a royal cemetery.

The complex was added to the Iran National Heritage List on 13 December 1934, administered by the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran.