hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lockeport
Lockeport is a town and port in Shelburne County, Nova Scotia, Canada. It is a traditional Nova Scotian fishing town, situated on a peninsula in Allendale Bay. It is connected to the mainland by the Crescent Beach causeway. The area that surrounds the bay is known as the "Ragged Islands."

Crescent Beach, Lockeport, Nova Scotia
Crescent Beach in Lockeport, Nova Scotia, Canada is a white sand beach causeway that connects the peninsula of Lockeport to mainland Nova Scotia. Due to the town's proximity to the beach and closeness to major shipping lanes, Lockeport is often referred to as the 'Beachtown of the North Atlantic'. Crescent Beach was featured on the Canadian 1954 series fifty-dollar bill. The scenery on the bill depicts a stormy day at Ginger Hill.
Panchanan Karmakar
Panchanan Karmakar (Mallick) (died c. 1804) was an Indian Bengali inventor, born at Tribeni, Hooghly, Bengal Presidency, British India, hailed from Serampore. He assisted Charles Wilkins in creating the first Bangla type. His metal Bengali alphabet and typeface had been used until Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar proposed a simplified version. Apart from Bangla, Karmakar developed type in 14 languages, including Arabic, Persian, Marathi, Telugu, Burmese and Chinese.

Serampore
Serampore (also known as Serampur, Srirampur, Srirampore, Shreerampur, Shreerampore, Shrirampur or Shrirampore) is a city in Hooghly district of the Indian state of West Bengal. It serves as the headquarters of the Srirampore subdivision and is part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA). Located on the west bank of the Hooghly River, it was a pre-colonial city that was part of Danish India under the name Frederiknagore from 1755 to 1845.
Vailia
Vailia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Apocynaceae. It just contains one species, Vailia mucronata Rusby.

It is native to Bolivia, Ecuador and Peru.

The genus name of Vailia is in honour of Anna Murray Vail (1863–1955), an American botanist and first librarian of the New York Botanical Garden. The Latin specific epithet of mucronata means sharp-edged, from mucro, sword-point or edge. Both the genus and the species were first described and published in Bull. Torrey Bot. Club Vol.25 on page 500 in 1898.

Anna Murray Vail
Anna Murray Vail (January 7, 1863 – December 18, 1955) was an American botanist and the first librarian of the New York Botanical Garden. She was a student and collaborator of botanist and geologist Nathaniel Lord Britton, with whom she helped to found the New York Botanical Garden.
Shortfin mako shark
The shortfin mako shark (/ˈmɑːkoʊˌ ˈmeɪ-/; Māori: /ˈmaːko/; Isurus oxyrinchus), also known as the shortfin mako, blue pointer, or bonito shark, is a species of large mackerel shark. It is commonly referred to as the mako shark, as is the longfin mako shark (Isurus paucus). The fastest known shark species, able to reach speeds of 74 km/h (46 mph) in bursts, the shortfin mako can attain sizes of more than 4 m (13 ft) in length and weigh over 570 kg (1,260 lb). The species is classified as Endangered by the IUCN.

Swordfish
The swordfish (Xiphias gladius), also known as the broadbill in some countries, are large, highly migratory predatory fish characterized by a long, flat, pointed bill. They are the sole member of the family Xiphiidae. They are a popular sport fish of the billfish category. Swordfish are elongated, round-bodied, and lose all teeth and scales by adulthood. These fish are found widely in tropical and temperate parts of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans, and can typically be found from near the surface to a depth of 550 m (1,800 ft), and exceptionally up to depths of 2,234 m. They commonly reach 3 m (10 ft) in length, and the maximum reported is 4.55 m (14 ft 11 in) in length and 650 kg (1,430 lb) in weight.
Earl of Buchan
The Mormaer (/mɔːrˈmɛər/) or Earl of Buchan (/ˈbʌxən/) was originally the provincial ruler of the medieval province of Buchan. Buchan was the first Mormaerdom in the High Medieval Kingdom of the Scots to pass into the hands of a non-Scottish family in the male line. The earldom had three lines in its history, not counting passings from female heirs to sons. Today, it is held by the Erskine family as a peerage. The current holder is Harry Erskine, 18th Earl of Buchan (b. 1960). Subsidiary titles are Lord Cardross and Lord Auchterhouse and Baron Erskine.

Mormaer
In early medieval Scotland, a mormaer was the Gaelic name for a regional or provincial ruler, theoretically second only to the King of Scots, and the senior of a Toísech (chieftain). Mormaers were equivalent to English earls or Continental counts, and the term is often translated into English as 'earl'.
Lex Karpela
The 2005 amendment to the Finnish Copyright Act and Criminal Code, commonly known as Lex Karpela, was an amendment to make the Finnish copyright legislation and criminal code comply with the EU Copyright Directive 2001/29/EC. It was presented to the President of Finland by Culture Minister Tanja Karpela.

The amendment was accepted by the Finnish parliament in a vote on 5 October 2005. It came into effect on 1 January 2006.

Copyright and Information Society Directive 2001
The Copyright and Information Society Directive 2001 (2001/29) is a directive in European Union law that was enacted to implement the WIPO Copyright Treaty and to harmonise aspects of copyright law across Europe, such as copyright exceptions. The directive was first enacted in 2001 under the internal market provisions of the Treaty of Rome.

The draft directive was subject to unprecedented lobbying and was considered a success for Europe's rightsholders. The 2001 directive gave EU Member States significant freedom in certain aspects of transposition. Member States had until 22 December 2002 to transpose the directive into their national laws, although only Greece and Denmark met the deadline.
Propiolic acid
Propiolic acid is the organic compound with the formula HC2CO2H.  It is the simplest acetylenic carboxylic acid.  It is a colourless liquid that crystallises to give silky crystals.  Near its boiling point, it decomposes.

It is soluble in water and possesses an odor like that of acetic acid.

Propargyl alcohol
Propargyl alcohol, or 2-propyn-1-ol, is an organic compound with the formula C3H4O.  It is the simplest stable alcohol containing an alkyne functional group.  Propargyl alcohol is a colorless viscous liquid that is miscible with water and most polar organic solvents.
Christer Skoog
Christer Skoog (born 1945) is a Swedish politician and former member of the Riksdag, the national legislature. A member of the Social Democratic Party, he represented Blekinge County between October 1988 and October 2006.

Blekinge County (Riksdag constituency)
Blekinge County (Swedish: Blekinge Län) is one of the 29 multi-member constituencies of the Riksdag, the national legislature of Sweden. The constituency was established in 1970 when the Riksdag changed from a bicameral legislature to a unicameral legislature. It is conterminous with the county of Blekinge. The constituency currently elects five of the 349 members of the Riksdag using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2022 general election it had 121,789 registered electors.
Moon Flower (album)
Moon Flower is the first album by the Underneath released on March 18, 2008 in the U.S. and on July 23, 2008 in Japan. The Japanese edition had a different track-order, an extra song titled "Getting Closer" and all of the tracks were re-mixed and remastered.

The Underneath (band)
The Underneath, formerly known as Transtic Nerve, was a Japanese visual kei rock band formed in 1995. The band released four full-length records as Transtic Nerve and two full-length records as The Underneath. As Transtic Nerve, the band played more straightforward rock styled music, but in 2007 shifted to a heavier and darker style upon transforming to The Underneath. In 2010, the group disbanded and reformed (without second guitarist Tal) under the name Defspiral.
Karl Michahelles
Georg Christian Karl Wilhelm Michahelles (5 May 1807, Nuremberg – 15 August 1834, Nauplia) was a German zoologist and physician originally from Bavaria.

From 1827, he studied medicine at the University of Munich, where he made the acquaintance of naturalist Lorenz Oken. In 1831 he received his doctorate of medicine and surgery with the thesis Das Malo Di Scarlievo in Historischer Und Pathologischer Hinsicht.

Michahelles travelled extensively in Dalmatia, Illyria and Croatia, becoming well known for his study of the birds of the area. He died after being affected with dysentery in Greece, aged only 27, where he went to practice medicine and study the wildlife.

He identified, amongst other Mediterranean species, the western rock nuthatch, ladder snake and the  Iberian ribbed newt. The yellow-legged gull (Larus michahellis) was named after him by Johann Friedrich Naumann.

Iberian ribbed newt
The Iberian ribbed newt (Pleurodeles waltl),  also known commonly as the Spanish ribbed newt and  gallipato in Spanish, is a species of salamander in the subfamily Pleurodelinae of the family Salamandridae. The species is native to the central and southern Iberian Peninsula and northern Morocco. It is the largest European newt species. It is known for its defense mechanisms where their sharp ribs puncture through its sides when in a defensive state, and as such is also called the sharp-ribbed newt and the sharp-ribbed salamander.

This species should not be confused with a different species with a similar common name, the Iberian newt (Lissotriton boscai).
Tomitaro Makino
Tomitaro Makino (牧野 富太郎, Makino Tomitarō; 24 April 1862 – 18 January 1957) was a pioneer Japanese botanist noted for his taxonomic work. He has been called "Father of Japanese Botany", having been one of the first Japanese botanists to work extensively on classifying Japanese plants using the system developed by Linnaeus. His research resulted in collecting more than 500,000 specimens, many of which are represented in his Makino's Illustrated Flora of Japan. Despite having dropped out of grammar school, he eventually attained a Doctor of Science degree, and his birthday is remembered as Botany Day in Japan.

Tokyo Metropolitan University
Tokyo Metropolitan University (東京都立大学, Tōkyō Toritsu Daigaku), often referred to as TMU, is a public research university in Hachioji, Tokyo, Japan.

In contrast to other non-private universities in Tokyo, the university is established under the Tokyo Metropolitan Government, and not the national government.
Chifeng–Kazuo high-speed railway
The Chifeng–Kazuo high-speed railway (also referred to in Chinese as the Chika high-speed railway) is a double-track electrified railway connecting Chifeng, Inner Mongolia and Kazuo Station of the Beijing–Shenyang high-speed railway. The line passes through Harqin Zuoyi Mongol Autonomous County and Jianping County, both administered by Chaoyang City. It then passes into areas administered by Chifeng: Ningcheng County and Pingzhuang town of Yuanbaoshan District to the existing Chifeng station (formerly known as Chifeng West station) on the Beijing–Tongliao railway. The main line has a total length of 157 kilometres and the target design speed is 250 kilometres per hour. A connecting curve to the Beijing–Shenyang high-speed railway on the west side of Kazuo station to/from Beijing is proposed. The railway was built in the second half of 2016 and joint commissioning and testing began on April 1, 2020. It was officially opened for operation on June 30, 2020.

Ningcheng County
Ningcheng County (Mongolian: ᠨᠢᠩᠴᠧᠩ ᠰᠢᠶᠠᠨ; Chinese: 宁城县) is a county of southeastern Inner Mongolia, China, bordering Liaoning province to the east. It is under the administration of Chifeng City.

The daohugouthallus extinct genus of lichen was found near Daohugou village in Ningcheng County. The county contains the historical site of "Liao Middle Capital" Dading Fu, one of five capitals of Liao. The city was later conquered by the 12th-century Jurchen Jin dynasty, who also named it as their Middle Capital; later they renamed it as the Northern Capital after moving the court to present-day Beijing.

Today, all that remains of the historical capital are two pagodas, one built by the Liao dynasty and one built by the Jin dynasty; they are located near Daming Town, about 20 km west of the county government Tianyi Town, and about 120 km south of the prefectural city Chifeng.
Canned Wheat
Canned Wheat is the fifth studio album by Canadian rock band the Guess Who, released in September 1969. It peaked at number 91 on the Billboard Pop Albums chart.  Two of the band's hits were taken from the album: "Laughing" and "Undun". The album also includes the original version of "No Time" which would later be re-recorded for their American Woman album and released as a single. The album is regarded as a rock classic.

Randy Bachman
Randolph Charles Bachman OC OM FRCMT(hon) (/ˈbækmən/ BAK-mən; born September 27, 1943) is a Canadian guitarist, singer, and songwriter.  He was a founding member of the bands The Guess Who and Bachman–Turner Overdrive. He was the writer and singer of several hit rock songs, including, "Takin' Care of Business", and "You Ain't Seen Nothing Yet". Bachman also recorded as a solo artist and was part of a number of short-lived bands such as Brave Belt, Union and Ironhorse. He was a national radio personality on CBC Radio, hosting the weekly music show, Vinyl Tap. Bachman was inducted into the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum in 2016.
The Game in Time of War
The Game in Time of War is a collection of essays and newspaper articles written by Australian journalist Martin Flanagan about Australian rules football. The theme of the content is analysis of the relation between Australian football and the participation of Australian people in wars.
Ross Fitzgerald wrote that the book's first essay described the impact of 9/11 on Australian football in compelling terms, but that it was a disjointed "Stream of consciousness" in the other essays. In a 2019 opinion piece Australian politician Tony Buti called the book "excellent" and noted that included mentions of Alf Baud

Martin Flanagan (journalist)
Martin Joseph Flanagan (born 1955) is an Australian journalist and author. He writes on sport, particularly Australian rules football. Flanagan also writes opinion pieces, some of which are examinations of Australian culture and the relationship between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians.
Stratford Square Mall
Stratford Square Mall was a shopping mall that opened on March 9, 1981, in Bloomingdale, Illinois, a northwestern suburb of Chicago, Illinois, United States.  Originally owned by Urban Retail Properties Co., the 1,300,000-square-foot (120,000 m2) indoor shopping mall was designed by RTKL Associates, and built by Graycor of Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois.  Just before its closing, Stratford Square had six vacant anchor spaces that were last occupied by JCPenney, Carson Pirie Scott, Sears, Round One, Century Theatres, and Burlington. The former Marshall Field's/Macy's space was demolished in 2019 to make way for a new Woodman's Markets grocery store building. The mall was bought by Namdar Realty Group in 2019. On January 22, 2024, the Village of Bloomingdale purchased the mall and gave all of the remaining tenants in the mall a 90-day notice. The mall closed on April 21, 2024. Demolition started on the mall in October 2024 and was completed in 2025.

Wieboldt's
Wieboldt Stores, Inc., also known as Wieboldt's, did business as a Chicago general retailer between 1883 and 1987. It was founded in 1883 by storekeeper William A. Wieboldt. The flagship location was at One North State Street Store in Chicago.
Hale, Michigan
Hale is an unincorporated community in Iosco County in the U.S. state of Michigan. As an unincorporated community, Hale has no legally defined boundaries or population statistics of its own, but does have its own post office with the 48739 ZIP Code.

Hale is home to the annual Iosco County Fair.

Iosco County, Michigan
Iosco County (/aɪˈɒskoʊ/ eye-OSS-koh) is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan; its eastern border is formed by Lake Huron. As of the 2020 census, its population was 25,237. Its county seat is Tawas City.
Ein es-Sultan camp
ʿEin es-Sulṭān camp  (Arabic: عين سلطان, romanized: ʿAin Sulṭān, lit. 'Sultan's spring'), or ʿEin Sultan camp, is a refugee camp in the Jericho Governorate of the State of Palestine, in the Jordan Valley, in the eastern West Bank. The village is located adjacent to the Ein es-Sultan or Elisha Spring, for which it is named, and the archaeological site of Tell es-Sultan, 1 kilometer north-west of the city of Jericho.

ʿEin es-Sulṭān had a population of over 4,384 inhabitants in 2017. In 1997, refugees constituted 81% of the population.

Ein es-Sultan
Ein es-Sultan is a natural spring in Jericho, at the site of ancient Jericho, which has been identified with the tell (archaeological mound) known as Tell es-Sultan.

It is known by Jews and Christians as the Spring of Elisha/Elisha's Spring, based on a biblical story about Prophet Elisha (see 2 Kings 2: The early acts of Elisha: bringing life and death (2:19-25)). In the Middle Ages, it was also known as Elisha's Fountain.

The Ein as-Sultan camp just north of it is named for the spring.
Baidyanath Temple
Baidyanath Temple (IAST: Baidyãnath) is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva. It is located in Deoghar, in the Santhal Parganas division of the Indian state of Jharkhand. The temple complex comprises the central shrine of Baba Baidyanath along with 21 additional temples. It is significant to the Hindu sects of Shaivism as this temple is referred to as one of the twelve Jyotirlingas.

Gadaria people
The Gadaria or Gadariya is a herding caste of North India that was traditionally involved professionally in livestock breeding, especially sheep. They are primarily found in Uttar Pradesh and in some parts of Punjab, Haryana, Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Bihar
Speechmatics
Speechmatics is a technology company based in Cambridge, England, which develops automatic speech recognition software (ASR) based on recurrent neural networks and statistical language modelling. Speechmatics was originally named Cantab Research Ltd when founded in 2006 by speech recognition specialist Dr. Tony Robinson.

Speechmatics offers its speech recognition for solution and service providers to integrate into their stack regardless of their industry or use case. Businesses use Speechmatics to understand and transcribe human-level speech into text regardless of any gender or demographic barrier. The technology can be deployed on-premises and in public and private cloud.

Tony Robinson (speech recognition)
Tony Robinson is a researcher in the application of recurrent neural networks to speech recognition, being one of the first to discover the practical capabilities of deep neural networks and its application to speech recognition.
South Shields (rugby league)
South Shields was a semi-professional rugby league club. The club was based in South Shields then in County Durham at the mouth of the River Tyne, England.

The club played semi-professional rugby league for a total of two seasons, 1902–03 and 1903–04, joining direct from foundation. They were voted out of the league at the end of season 1903–04.

South Shields
South Shields (/ʃiːlz/) is a coastal port town in South Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England; it lies on the south bank of the mouth of the River Tyne. The town was known in Roman times as Arbeia and as Caer Urfa by the Early Middle Ages. It is the fourth largest settlement in Tyne and Wear, after Newcastle upon Tyne, Sunderland and Gateshead; in 2021, it had a population of 75,337.

Historically within the county of Durham, South Shields is south of North Shields and Tynemouth across the River Tyne; and east of Newcastle upon Tyne and Jarrow.
Air France Hop
Air France Hop, formerly branded HOP!, is a French regional airline operating flights on behalf of its parent company Air France. The airline was founded on 21 December 2012 after the merger of Airlinair, Brit Air and Régional brands. Its head office is at Nantes Atlantique Airport.

Nantes Atlantique Airport
Nantes Atlantique Airport (IATA: NTE, ICAO: LFRS) (French: Aéroport Nantes Atlantique, formerly known as Aéroport Château Bougon) is an international airport serving Nantes, France. It is located 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) southwest of the city, in Bouguenais.

The airport is operated by the Chambre de commerce et d'industrie de Nantes. In 2019, the airport handled 7,221,000 passengers, an increase of 16.6% compared to 2018.
Burwood railway station, Sydney
Burwood railway station is a heritage-listed suburban railway station located on the Main Suburban line in the Sydney suburb of Burwood. The station is served by Sydney Trains T9 Northern line, T2 Leppington & Inner West Line and T3 Liverpool & Inner West Line services.

Leppington & Inner West Line
The T2 Leppington & Inner West Line is a suburban rail service operated by Sydney Trains, serving the inner west and south-western suburbs of Sydney, Australia. The service commences from the City Circle, heading west to Granville where the line branches; services either head northwest to Parramatta or south to Leppington. A third terminus at Homebush is also used when the part-time Parramatta branch is not operating.

Since 2013 the line has been numbered T2 and is coloured light blue on maps and wayfinding information.

In March 2025, the federal minister for infrastructure, transport, regional development and local government Catherine King announced that a business case for upgrading the T2 Leppington & Inner West Line would be developed.
Cliff Swain
Cliff Swain (born March 21, 1966) is a professional racquetball player and coach from Boston, Massachusetts. Known for his dominant drive serve and on-court intensity, Swain finished as the #1 player on the  International Racquetball Tour (IRT) six times—in 1990, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1998, and 2002. He won US Open Championships in 1997 and 2001, and was inducted into the USA Racquetball Hall of Fame in 2003. A legendary figure in racquetball for over 3 decades, Swain still plays professionally and is quickly becoming a sought-after professional coach as well.

Racquetball
Racquetball is a racquet sport and a team sport played with a hollow rubber ball on an indoor or outdoor court. Joseph Sobek invented the modern sport of racquetball in 1950, adding a stringed racquet to paddleball in order to increase velocity and control. Unlike most racquet sports, such as tennis and badminton, there is no net to hit the ball over, and, unlike squash, no tin (out of bounds area at the bottom of front wall) to hit the ball above. Also, the court's walls, floor, and ceiling are legal playing surfaces, with the exception of court-specific designated hinders being out-of-bounds. Racquetball is played between various players on a team who try to bounce the ball with the racquet onto the ground so it hits the wall, so that an opposing team's player cannot bounce it back to the wall.

The sport is similar to 40×20 American handball, which is played in many countries. It is also similar to the British sport Squash 57, which was called racketball before 2016.
The Pickwick Club
The Pickwick Club is a private gentlemen's club in New Orleans, Louisiana. Founded in 1857, The Pickwick Club and the Mistick Krewe were originally one group comprising two organizations. After The Boston Club, The Pickwick Club is the second oldest remaining in the city.

Harry T. Hays
Harry Thompson Hays (April 14, 1820 – August 21, 1876) was an American military officer serving in the U.S. Army during the Mexican–American War and a general who served in the Confederate Army during the American Civil War.

Known as the "Louisiana Tigers", his brigade played a major role at the Battle of Gettysburg in July 1863, where they ascended Cemetery Hill in the darkness and overran several artillery batteries before finally being driven off for lack of support.