hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Concrete number
A concrete number or  numerus numeratus is a number associated with the things being counted, in contrast to an abstract number or numerus numerans which is a number as a single entity. For example, "five apples" and "half of a pie" are concrete numbers, while "five" and "one half" are abstract numbers. In mathematics, the term "number" is usually taken to mean an abstract number.

A denominate number is a type of concrete number with a unit of measure attached with it. For example, "5 inches" is a denominate number because it has the unit inches after it. A denominate number can correspond to the value of a physical quantity, such as length.

Physical quantity
A physical quantity (or simply quantity) is a property of a material or system that can be quantified by measurement. A physical quantity can be expressed as a value, which is a pair of a numerical value and a unit of measurement. For example, the physical quantity mass, symbol m, can be quantified as m=n kg, where n is the numerical value and kg is the unit symbol (for kilogram). Vector quantities have, besides numerical value and unit, direction or orientation in space.
Posada Jaśliska
Posada Jaśliska [pɔˈsada jaˈɕlʲiska] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Jaśliska, within Krosno County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland, close to the border with Slovakia.

Gmina Jaśliska
Gmina Jaśliska is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Krosno County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland, on the Slovak border. Its seat is the village of Jaśliska.

Gmina Jaśliska was created as of 1 January 2010, out of part of Gmina Dukla. (Jaśliska was previously the seat of a gmina between 1934 and 1954, and between 1973 and 1976.)
Black Mesa (Oklahoma, Colorado, New Mexico)
Black Mesa is a mesa located in an area covering parts of  the U.S. states of Colorado, New Mexico, and Oklahoma. It extends from Mesa de Maya, Colorado southeasterly 28 miles (45 km) crossing into the northeast corner of New Mexico, and ending in the Oklahoma panhandle along the north bank of the Cimarron River at its confluence with the North Carrizo Creek near Kenton.  Its highest elevation is 5,705 feet (1,739 m) in Colorado. The highest point of Black Mesa within New Mexico is 5,239 feet (1,597 m). In northwestern Cimarron County, Oklahoma, Black Mesa reaches 4,973 feet (1,516 m), the highest point in the state of Oklahoma. The plateau that formed at the top of the mesa has been known as a "geological wonder" of North America. There is abundant wildlife in this shortgrass prairie environment, including mountain lions, butterflies, and the Texas horned lizard.  (In Colorado, Black Mesa also refers to a summit in Gunnison County and a mountain pass in Dolores County.)

Cimarron River (Arkansas River tributary)
The Cimarron River (/ˈsɪmərɒn, -roʊn/ SIM-ə-ro(h)n; Iowa-Oto: Ñíxgu or Ñíhgu, meaning "Salt River"; Cheyenne: Hotóao'hé'e) extends 698 miles (1,123 km) across New Mexico, Oklahoma, Colorado, and Kansas. The headwaters flow from Johnson Mesa west of Folsom in northeastern New Mexico. Much of the river's length lies in Oklahoma, where it either borders or passes through 11 counties. No major cities are along its route. The river enters the Oklahoma Panhandle near Kenton, Oklahoma, crosses the corner of southeastern Colorado into Kansas, re-enters the Oklahoma Panhandle, re-enters Kansas, and finally returns to Oklahoma, where it joins the Arkansas River at Keystone Reservoir west of Tulsa, Oklahoma, its only impoundment. The Cimarron drains a basin that encompasses about 18,927 square miles (49,020 km2).
MI 2: The Movie
MI 2: The Movie (also known as MI 2) is the second studio album by Nigerian rapper M.I Abaga. It was released by Chocolate City November 23, 2010. The album features collaborations with 2face Idibia, Bola Adebisi, Brymo, Flavour, Ice Prince, Jesse Jagz, Julius Ceaser, Femi Odukoya, Loose Kaynon, Praiz, Ruby Gyang, Timaya and Waje. M.I addresses a wide array of topics on the project, including corruption, poor education, the Niger Delta crisis, shooting, looting, and the sexual objectification of women. MI 2 was ranked the best Nigerian album of 2010 by music blog Jaguda, and won Best Album of the Year at the 2011 Nigeria Entertainment Awards. It also won Best Rap Album and was nominated for Album of the Year at The Headies 2011.

2011 Nigeria Entertainment Awards
The 2011 Nigeria Entertainment Awards was the 6th edition of the ceremony to reward outstanding contribution to Nigerian entertainment industry. It was held at Sharp Theater, Symphony Space, New York City on September 5, 2011. It was hosted by Funke Akindele and Julius Agwu.
Eddie Frierson
Eddie Frierson is an American voice actor and writer.  He has provided voices for such films as Wreck-It Ralph, Hotel Transylvania, The Princess and the Frog, ParaNorman, Curious George, Tangled the video games Medal of Honor: Airborne and Sengoku Basara: Samurai Heroes and the animated television series MÄR: Märchen Awakens Romance.

On the stage, he played Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher Christy Mathewson in the one-man show Matty: An Evening with Christy Mathewson.

Power Rangers Time Force
Power Rangers Time Force is a television series and the eighth entry of the Power Rangers franchise, based on the 24th Super Sentai series Mirai Sentai Timeranger, running for 40 half-hour episodes from February to November 2001. It was the last season to be distributed by Saban Entertainment.

Originally, a Time Force film was planned, but ultimately went unproduced in light of the commercial failure of Turbo: A Power Rangers Movie and the purchase of the franchise by Disney. However, Buena Vista Home Entertainment did release the series' final four episodes as a film-length home video in 2002 entitled The End of Time. A video game based on the series was released in November 2001 for PlayStation, Game Boy Color, and Game Boy Advance.
Mae Hong Son province
Mae Hong Son province Thai: แม่ฮ่องสอน, pronounced [mɛ̂ː.hɔ̂ŋ.sɔ̌ːn],  (Northern Thai: ᨾᩯ᩵ᩁᩬ᩵ᨦᩈᩬᩁ, Burmese: မဲဟောင်ဆောင်, Shan: မႄႈႁွင်ႈသွၼ်), formerly called Mae Rong Son), also spelled Maehongson, Mae Hong Sorn or Maehongsorn, is one of Thailand's seventy-six provinces (changwat). It lies in upper northern Thailand and is the westernmost province. Neighboring provinces are (clockwise from north) Shan State of Myanmar, Chiang Mai and Tak. To the west, the province borders Kayin State and Kayah State of Myanmar.
Mae Hong Son's nickname is "the city of three mists". It is hemmed in by the high mountain ranges of the Shan Hills and is the most mountainous province in Thailand, occupying 12,765 square kilometres (4,929 sq mi). The province is often covered with mist. Mae Hong Son town was originally established in the early 19th century as an elephant training camp as ordered by the then King of Chiang Mai.
As of 2012, Mae Hong Son was the poorest province in Thailand.

Shan Hills
The Shan Hills (Burmese: ရှမ်းရိုးမ; Shan Yoma), also known as Shan Highland, is a vast mountainous zone that extends through Yunnan to Myanmar and Thailand. The whole region is made up of numerous peaks separated mostly by narrow valleys, as well as a few broader intermontane basins. The ranges in the area are aligned in such a way that they link to the foothills of the Himalayas further to the northwest.

The highest point is Loi Leng, at an elevation of 2,673 metres (8,770 ft). Other peaks are the 2,565 m (8,415 ft) Mong Ling Shan, 2,565 m (8,415 ft) Doi Inthanon and 2,563 m (8,409 ft) m Loi Pangnao. All are ultra prominent peaks of Southeast Asia.
2021 Sun Bowl
The 2021 Sun Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 31, 2021, with kickoff at 12:00 p.m. EST (10:00 a.m. local MST) and televised on CBS. It was the 88th edition of the Sun Bowl (87th playing, as the 2020 edition was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic), and was one of the 2021–22 bowl games concluding the 2021 FBS football season. Sponsored by Kellogg's Frosted Flakes breakfast cereal, the game was officially known as the Tony the Tiger Sun Bowl, after its mascot, Tony the Tiger.

On December 26, the Miami Hurricanes announced that they would not be able to play in the game, due to COVID-19 issues; organizers stated that they would try to secure a replacement team to face the Washington State Cougars.

On December 27, the Central Michigan Chippewas were named as the Sun Bowl replacement team. The Chippewas had originally been scheduled to face the Boise State Broncos in the Arizona Bowl, until Boise State withdrew from that bowl due to COVID-19 issues.

Arizona Bowl
The Arizona Bowl is a postseason college football bowl game certified by the NCAA that began play in the 2015 season. The game is held at Casino Del Sol Stadium in Tucson, and starting in 2020 has tie-ins with the Mountain West Conference and Mid-American Conference (MAC). Since 2024, the game has been sponsored by Gin & Juice by Dre and Snoop, the gin-based cocktail brand co-founded by Dr. Dre and Snoop Dogg; it was previously sponsored by the mortgage broker company Nova Home Loans (2015–2019), the real estate agency Offerpad (2020) and Barstool Sports (2021–2023).
She Belongs to Me
"She Belongs to Me" is a song by Bob Dylan, and was first released as the second track on his 1965 album Bringing It All Back Home.  The song may be about a former girlfriend, Suze Rotolo, or fellow folk singer Joan Baez, contemporary siren Nico, or Sara Lownds, the woman that Dylan would wed in November 1965.

Sara Dylan
Sara Dylan (born Shirley Marlin Noznisky; October 28, 1939)
is an American former actress and model who was the first wife of singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. In 1959, Noznisky married magazine photographer Hans Lownds; during their marriage, she was known as Sara Lownds.

She was married to Bob Dylan from 1965 until their 1977 divorce; they had four children together, and he adopted her daughter from her first marriage. Their marriage has been described by music writers and biographers as the inspiration for many songs Dylan created during the 1960s and '70s, and the 1975 album Blood on the Tracks has been described by many as Dylan's account of their disintegrating marriage.

Sara Dylan played the role of Clara in the 1978 film Renaldo and Clara, directed by Dylan, and the film was described by a Dylan biographer as "in part a tribute to his wife".
Tartar sauce
Tartar sauce (French: sauce tartare), often spelled tartare sauce in the UK and other Commonwealth countries, is a  mayonnaise-based condiment typically mixed with chopped cornichons or gherkins and capers, along with soft herbs such as tarragon, dill, parsley and chives. It is commonly served with fried or breaded seafood dishes including fish and chips, fish sandwiches, fried oysters and calamari.

Tartar sauce developed from eighteenth-century dishes served à la tartare, breaded meats and fish paired with pungent cold dressings. Nineteenth-century cookbooks contained yolk-free and mayonnaise-based versions, and writers such as Alexis Soyer and Jules Gouffé positioned the sauce within the mayonnaise family. By the early twentieth century Auguste Escoffier presented tartar sauce with fried fish and tied it to steak tartare, while English usage of the term dates to the 1820s.

Fish and chips
Fish and chips is a hot dish consisting of battered and fried fish, served with chips. Often considered the national dish of the United Kingdom, fish and chips originated in England in the 19th century. Today, the dish is a common takeaway food in numerous other countries, particularly English-speaking and Commonwealth nations.

Fish-and-chip shops first appeared in the UK in the 1860s, and by 1910 there were over 25,000 of them across the UK. This increased to over 35,000 by the 1930s, but eventually decreased to approximately 10,000 by 2009. The British government safeguarded the supply of fish and chips during the First World War and again in the Second World War. It was one of the few foods in the UK not subject to rationing during the wars, which further contributed to its popularity.
New Zealand women's national field hockey team
The New Zealand women's national field hockey team is also known as the Black Sticks Women. The team's best performances include a gold medal at the 2018 Commonwealth Games, silver medal at the 2010 Commonwealth Games, a third placing at the 2011 Champions Trophy, and fourth placings at the 1986 World Cup, 2012 Summer Olympics and 2016 Summer Olympics. As of Jun 2024, the team ranks 11th on the International Hockey Federation (FIH) world rankings.

2011 Women's Hockey Champions Trophy
The 2011 Women's Hockey Champions Trophy was the 19th edition of the Hockey Champions Trophy for women. It was held from 25 June to 3 July 2011 in Amstelveen, Netherlands.

The Netherlands won the tournament for the sixth time after defeating Argentina 3–2 in the final on a penalty shoot-out after a 3–3 draw, tying the record previously set by Australia in 2003 of six titles won. New Zealand won the third place match by defeating Korea 3–2 to claim their first ever Champions Trophy medal.

After the preliminaries were over, the final originally was scheduled to be played between the Netherlands and Korea, but the Argentine side protested against the second round standing in which they were ranked third behind Korea based on goals scored in that round. After a second appeal by the Argentine team, the final day schedule was changed, since the regulations stated that in case of a draw in points in the second round, the total points in the tournament should be the next tie-breaker.
York Road, Lambeth
York Road is a road in Lambeth, London, running between Westminster Bridge Road (south) and Waterloo Road (north). To the west is the old County Hall, Shell Centre, Jubilee Gardens and, beyond, the London Eye and the River Thames. Waterloo station is located on the road's eastern edge, as well as the former Waterloo International Eurostar terminal and General Lying-In Hospital. The London IMAX cinema is located within the Bullring roundabout at the northern end of the road, on a site previously occupied by Cardboard City for the homeless.

The road forms part of the A3200.

General Lying-In Hospital
The General Lying-In Hospital was one of the first maternity hospitals in Great Britain. It opened in 1767 on Westminster Bridge Road, London and closed in 1971. Lying-in is an archaic term for childbirth (referring to the month-long bed rest prescribed for postpartum confinement).
The Great Sioux Massacre
The Great Sioux Massacre is a 1965 American Western war film directed by Sidney Salkow in CinemaScope using extensive action sequences from Salkow's 1954 Sitting Bull. In a fictionalized form, it depicts Custer's descent from a defender of the Indians from federal interference to an incompetent warmonger, and the Indians as his victims, and covers events leading up to the Battle of the Little Bighorn and Custer's Last Stand.

It stars Joseph Cotten, Darren McGavin, and Philip Carey.

Iron Eyes Cody
Iron Eyes Cody (born Espera Oscar de Corti, April 3, 1904 – January 4, 1999) was an American actor who portrayed Native Americans in Hollywood films, including the role of Chief Iron Eyes in Bob Hope's The Paleface (1948). He also played a Native American shedding a tear about pollution in one of the country's most well-known television public service announcements from the group Keep America Beautiful. Living in Hollywood, he began to insist, even in his private life, that he was Native American, over time claiming membership in several different tribes. In 1996, Cody's half-sister said that he was of Italian ancestry, but he denied it. After his death, it was revealed that he was of Sicilian parentage and not Native American at all.
Vasco van der Valk
Vasco van der Valk (born 17 November 1999 in Amersfoort, the Netherlands) is a Dutch motorcycle road racer. He was second in the Dutch NSF100 Championship for Kids 2011, organised by former Grand Prix 125 rider Arie Molenaar. Later he was third in the Moriwaki 250 JuniorCup 2013 of Ten Kate Racing, after which he raced in British Motostar, support series to the British Superbike Championship, and with Supersport 600 machinery in the German IDM Championship.

Ian Lougher
Ian Lougher (born 10 July 1963) is a retired Welsh motorcycle racer, noted for 8 victories at the North West 200, 10 wins at the Isle of Man TT Races and 32 wins at the Southern 100 Races in his career.
Yemeni rial
The rial (Arabic: ريال يمني; sign: ﷼; abbreviation: YRl (singular) and YRls (plural) in Latin, ,ر.ي in Arabic; ISO code: YER) is the official currency of the Republic of Yemen. It is technically divided into 100 fils, although coins denominated in fils have not been issued since Yemeni unification. Due to the ongoing political instability, the value of the Yemeni rial has fallen significantly.

The Yemeni civil war has caused the currency to diverge. In southern Yemen, which is primarily controlled by UAE-backed separatists and the 
internationally recognized government backed by Saudi Arabia, ongoing printing has caused the currency's value to plummet. However, in northern Yemen, which is primarily controlled by the Houthis with support from Iran, banknotes printed after 2017 are not considered legal tender. Therefore, the exchange rate has remained stable. The differences in banknotes printed before and after 2017 can be determined by their size.

Yemeni unification
The Yemeni unification took place on 22 May 1990, when the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (South Yemen) and the Yemen Arab Republic (North Yemen) merged together, forming the modern Republic of Yemen.
Mat Hoffman
Mathew Hoffman (born January 9, 1972) is an American professional BMX rider who was considered one of the best vert ramp riders in the history of the sport. He was nicknamed "The Condor" and ran the BMX Freestyle brand Hoffman BMX Bikes based in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. He was a sponsored rider for Skyway and then Haro Bikes before starting his own brand.

Edmond, Oklahoma
Edmond is a city in Oklahoma County, Oklahoma, United States. It is a part of the Oklahoma City metropolitan area, in Central Oklahoma. Its population was 94,428 at the 2020 United States census, a 16% increase from 2010, making it the 5th most populous city in Oklahoma.

The city borders the northern boundary of Oklahoma City. Public transportation is provided by Citylink Edmond bus service.
Mark Doten
Mark Doten is an American novelist and librettist. He is the author of two novels, The Infernal and Trump Sky Alpha, both published by Graywolf Press, and he has been a librettist for the Los Angeles Opera and the San Francisco Opera.

The New York Times called Trump Sky Alpha "a funny book and a sad one, a bright one and a dark one, a distant sci-fi dystopia and a ripped-from-the-headlines tragedy. . . The book acts both as a novel and as a searching, tortured position paper on the use of media, message and, especially, satire in our time.” The Los Angeles Times called Doten "one of our keenest and most inventive prose writers working today.”

Granta named Doten one of the best young American novelists in 2017.

Graywolf Press
Graywolf Press is an independent, non-profit publisher located in Minneapolis, Minnesota. Graywolf Press publishes fiction, non-fiction, and poetry.

Graywolf Press collaborates with organizations such as the College of Saint Benedict, the Mellon Foundation, and Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

Graywolf Press currently publishes about 27 books a year, including the Graywolf Press Nonfiction Prize winner, the recipient of the Emily Dickinson First Book Award, and several translations supported by the Lannan Foundation.
ISpy (Kyle song)
"iSpy" is a song by the American rapper Kyle featuring fellow American rapper Lil Yachty. It was released on December 2, 2016, by Indie-Pop (independently popular) and Atlantic Records. It is the lead single from Kyle's debut studio album Light of Mine (2018). The song was produced by Naz, Chico Jay, SuperDuperBrick, and Lege Kale.

Light of Mine
Light of Mine is the debut studio album by American rapper and singer Kyle. It was released on May 18, 2018, by Independently Popular and Atlantic Records. The album features guest appearances from Kehlani, 2 Chainz, Sophia Black, Khalid, Take 6, Avery Wilson, Lil Yachty and Alessia Cara. The album was supported by four singles; "iSpy", "To the Moon", "Playinwitme" and “Ikuyo". A deluxe version of the album was released on August 23, 2019. It features three previously released singles: "Moment" featuring Wiz Khalifa, "SuperDuperKyle" featuring MadeinTYO, "Hey Julie!" featuring Lil Yachty, and most recently released single "F You I Love You" featuring Teyana Taylor, along with two new songs.
Kalevi Sorsa
Taisto Kalevi Sorsa (21 December 1930 – 16 January 2004) was a Finnish politician who served as Prime Minister of Finland three times: 1972–1975, 1977–1979 and 1982–1987. At the time of his death he still held the record for most days of incumbency as Finnish prime minister. He was also a long-time leader of the Social Democratic Party of Finland.

Socialist International
The Socialist International (SI) is a political international consisting mostly of social democratic political parties and labour organisations. The SI was founded in support of democratic socialism, albeit it has generally moderated over time.

Although formed in 1951 as a successor to the Labour and Socialist International, it has antecedents in the late 19th century. The organisation currently includes 132 member parties and organisations from over 100 countries. Its members have governed in many countries, including most of Europe. In 2013, a schism in the SI led to the establishment of the Progressive Alliance.

The current president is the prime minister of Spain, Pedro Sánchez, elected at the last SI Congress held in Madrid, Spain, in November 2022.
Henry J. Abraham
Henry Julian Abraham (August 25, 1921 – February 26, 2020) was a German-born American scholar on the judiciary and constitutional law. He was James Hart Professor of Government Emeritus at the University of Virginia.  He was the author of 13 books, most in multiple editions, and more than 100 articles on the U.S. Supreme Court, judicial appointments, judicial process, and civil rights and liberties.

Barbara A. Perry
Barbara Ann Perry is a presidency and U.S. Supreme Court expert, as well as a biographer of the Kennedys. She is also the J. Wilson Newman Professor in Presidential Studies at the University of Virginia's Miller Center, where she co-chairs the Presidential Oral History Program.  As an oral historian, Perry has conducted more than 160 interviews for the George H. W. Bush, Bill Clinton, George W. Bush, Barack Obama, Donald Trump, and Joe Biden Presidential Oral History Projects and directed the Edward Kennedy Oral History Project.
Charley's War
Charley's War was a British comic strip set in World War I, written by Pat Mills and drawn by Joe Colquhoun.

It was originally published in Battle Picture Weekly from January 1979 to October 1986.

Though later parts of the story covered the Russian Civil War (and, in episodes written by Scott Goodall, the early part of World War II), Pat Mills has stated that Charley's story should end at the end of the First World War, and this has been reflected in the collections published by Titan Comics.

Pat Mills
Patrick Eamon Mills (born 1949) is an English comics writer and editor who, along with John Wagner, revitalised British boys' comics in the 1970s, and has remained a leading light in British comics ever since. He has been called "the godfather of British comics".

His comics are notable for their violence and anti-authoritarianism. He is best known for creating 2000 AD and playing a major part in the development of Judge Dredd.