hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Makua people
The Makua people, also known as Makhuwa or Wamakua, are a Bantu ethnic group found in northern Mozambique and the southern border provinces of Tanzania such as the Mtwara Region. They are the largest ethnic group in Mozambique, and primarily concentrated in a large region to the north of the Zambezi River.

They are studied by sociologists in four geographical and linguistic sub-divisions: the lower or Lolo Makua, the upper or Lomwe Makua, the Maua and the Niassa Makua or Medo. They speak variants of the Makua language, also called Emakua, and this is a Bantu-group language. The total Makua population is estimated to be about 3.5 million of which over 1 million speak the lower (southern) dialect and about 2 million the upper (northern, Lomwe) version; given the large region and population, several ethnic groups that share the region with the Makua people also speak the Emakua.

Mtwara Region
Mtwara Region (Mkoa wa Mtwara in Swahili)  is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions, with its capital as the municipality of Mtwara. Mtwara Region is home to one of the most influential peoples in Tanzania, the Makonde. Mtwara is home to Tanzania's 3rd president Benjamin Mkapa and is home to a number of influential artists. The boundary with Mozambique to the south is formed by the Ruvuma River. To the west, Mtwara is bordered by Ruvuma Region, to the north by Lindi Region, and to the east is the Indian Ocean.

Mtwara Region is known for being the nation's largest producer of cashew nuts. According to the 2012 national census, the region had a population of 1,270,854, which was lower than the pre-census projection of 1,374,767.: page 2  For 2002-2012, the region's 1.2 percent average annual population growth rate was the 26th highest in the country.: page 4  It was also the fourteenth most densely populated region with 76 people per square kilometer.: page 6
A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae)
"A skeletal revision of Nepenthes (Nepenthaceae)" is a monograph by Matthew Jebb and Martin Cheek on the tropical pitcher plants of the genus Nepenthes. It was published in the May 1997 issue of the botanical journal Blumea. The work represented the first revision of the entire genus since John Muirhead Macfarlane's 1908 monograph. Jebb and Cheek's revision was based on "collaborative work by both authors since 1984, largely on herbarium specimens, but including fieldwork in New Guinea, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore and Madagascar". It was a precursor to their more exhaustive 2001 monograph, "Nepenthaceae".

Martin Cheek
Martin Roy Cheek (born 1960) is a botanist and taxonomist at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

Cheek attended the University of Reading, graduating with a B.Sc. in 1981 and a M.Sc. in 1983. He earned his DPhil at the University of Oxford in 1989.
Paul Crouch
Paul Franklin Crouch (/kraʊtʃ/; (March 30, 1934 – November 30, 2013) was an American televangelist and the co-founder of the Trinity Broadcasting Network (TBN). Founded in 1973 with his wife, Jan Crouch, TBN grew to become the world's largest religious television network. Crouch was a prominent figure in the prosperity gospel movement, a theology that drew both a massive global following and significant criticism regarding the network's fundraising tactics and the family's lavish lifestyle.

JUCE TV
JUCE TV was an American youth-oriented Christian digital brand and formerly an American Christian television network owned and operated by the Trinity Broadcasting Network. The channel was aimed at teenagers and young adults between the ages of 13 and 30 years, and features a format similar to MTV and MTVU, airing Christian music videos, and original content such as Christian-themed entertainment and lifestyle programming, along with some church services.

JUCE TV was carried over-the-air on digital subchannels of TBN owned-and-operated and affiliated stations nationwide, usually on the third subchannel. JUCE TV was also available on pay television providers as well as on select digital streaming platforms that offered TBN's six U.S. networks.
Peking to Paris
The Peking to Paris motor race was an automobile race, originally held in 1907,  between Peking (now Beijing), then Qing China (now the People's Republic of China) and Paris, France (then the Third French Republic), a distance of 14,994 kilometres (9,317 mi).

The idea for the race came from a challenge published in the Paris newspaper Le Matin on 31 January 1907, reading:

"What needs to be proved today is that as long as a man has a car, he can do anything and go anywhere. Is there anyone who will undertake to travel this summer from Paris to Peking by automobile?"

Eventually the race started from the French embassy in Peking on 10 June 1907. The winner, Prince Scipione Borghese, arrived in Paris on 10 August 1907.

Spyker
Spyker or Spijker was a Dutch carriage, automobile and aircraft manufacturer, started in 1880 by blacksmiths Jacobus and Hendrik-Jan Spijker. Originally located in Hilversum, the company relocated to Trompenburg, Amsterdam in 1898.

Notable products of Spyker were building the Golden Coach for state ceremonial use for the Dutch royalty in 1898. In 1903, the Spyker 60 HP race-car was the world's first F4 layout, four-wheel drive car, featuring the first application of a six-cylinder engine, as well as the first four-wheel braking system. The 1919 C1 “Aerocoque” was one of the world's first cars with aerodynamically streamlined bodywork.
Foston, Derbyshire
Foston is a hamlet in the Foston and Scropton civil parish of South Derbyshire, Derbyshire, England, about 12 miles (19 km) west of Derby and 8 miles (13 km) east of Uttoxeter. The Domesday Book of 1086 lists it as Farulveston.

Uttoxeter
Uttoxeter (/juːˈtɒksɪtər/ ⓘ yoo-TOK-sit-ər, locally also /ˈʊtʃɪtər/ UUTCH-it-ər) is a market town and civil parish in the East Staffordshire borough of Staffordshire, England. It is near to the Derbyshire county border.

The town is 14 miles (23 km) from Burton upon Trent via the A50 and the A38, 14 miles (23 km) from Stafford via the A518, 16 miles (26 km) from Stoke-on-Trent via the A50, and 20 miles (32 km) from Derby via the A50 and the A38, and 11 miles (18 km) north-east of Rugeley via the A518 and the B5013.

The population was 14,014 at the 2021 Census.

The town's literary connections include Samuel Johnson and Mary Howitt.
Mierzanowice culture
The Mierzanowice culture appeared in the area of the upper and middle basin of the Vistula, during the Early Bronze Age. It evolved from the so-called Proto-Mierzanowice cultural unit. The name of the culture comes from an eponymous site in Mierzanowice, where the cemetery was located. This entity was part of the pre-carpathian sphere of epicorded cultures and it has been divided into three local groups: Samborzecka, Iwanowicka and Pleszowska. The initial phases of the culture are characterized by a small number of burials, seasonal settlements and single artifacts. The area of the Mierzanowice culture spread over from western Slovakia, through south - eastern Poland, reaching in the east the areas of the Volhynian Upland. It was followed by the Trzciniec culture.

Mierzanowice
Mierzanowice [mjɛʐanɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wojciechowice, within Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) west of Wojciechowice, 11 km (7 mi) north-east of Opatów, and 67 km (42 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.
Ndoc Gjetja
Ndoc Gjetja (March 9, 1944 – June 7, 2010) was an Albanian poet.

He was born in Bërdicë near Shkodër in north Albania, but moved to Lezhë at a young age.

His poetry collections include Rrezatim (Radiance) of 1971, followed by Shqiponja rreh krahët (The eagle flounces) of 1975, Qëndresa (Resistance) of 1977, E përditshme (Daily) of 1982, Çaste (Moments) of 1984, Poezi (Poetry) of 1987, Kthimet (The comebacks) of 1991, and Dhjata ime (My Testament) of 1998.
 Gjetja's philosophy was "even though I have published seven poetry collections, I consider myself the author of a single one, which would be materialized as a selection of the best poetries I managed to create".
He is considered a humanist poet.
Gjetja served also for 13 years as editor-in-chief of the Skena dhe ekrani (The scene and the screen), an art magazine which used to come during the communist era.
He would settle later in Tirana, where he died in 2010 after a long illness.

Lezhë
Lezhë (Albanian: [ˈlɛʒə], Albanian definite form: Lezha) is a city in the Republic of Albania and seat of Lezhë County and Lezhë Municipality. It is one of Albania's oldest continuously inhabited cities, with roughly 2,400 years of recorded history.

One of the main strongholds of the Labeatai, the earliest of the fortification walls of Lezhë are of typical Illyrian construction and are dated to the late 4th century BC. Lezhë was one of the main centres of the Illyrian kingdom. During the conflicts with Macedon, it was captured by Philip V becoming the Macedonian outlet to the Adriatic Sea. The city was later recovered by the Illyrians. It was subjected to Rome after the Roman-Illyrian wars and the fall of Gentius' realm. Lezhë was the site of the League of Lezhë where Skanderbeg united the Albanian lords in the fight against the Ottoman Empire.
Tylopilus orsonianus
Tylopilus orsonianus is a bolete fungus of the genus Tylopilus. It is found in the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana, where it fruits singly to scattered on root mats of forests dominated by the tree Dicymbe corymbosa. It was first described scientifically in 2007 by Tara Fulgenzi and Terry Henkel. The species epithet honors American mycologist Orson K. Miller, Jr. Fruit bodies of the fungus have velvety brown convex to flattened caps typically measuring 2.6–6.6 cm (1.0–2.6 in) in diameter. The spore print is flesh pink; the smooth spores are ellipsoid to somewhat fuse-shaped (subfusoid), inamyloid, and have dimensions of 11–14.5 by 4.9–7.4 μm.

Orson K. Miller Jr.
Orson Knapp Miller Jr. (December 19, 1930 – June 9, 2006) was an American mycologist. He published numerous papers in mycology and was responsible for the naming of many taxa, as well as being one of the authors erecting the genus Chroogomphus. He described Omphalotus olivascens, several species of Amanita, and the ghoul fungus Hebeloma aminophilum.

He married Hope Hartigan Miller in 1953; both were mycologists and published books, including at least one together. Hope died on September 26, 2018.
Special K
Special K is an American brand of breakfast cereal and meal bars originally manufactured by Kellogg's. The cereal was introduced to the United States in 1955. It is made primarily from grains such as lightly toasted rice, wheat and barley. Special K used to be marketed primarily as a low-fat cereal that can be eaten to help one lose weight. Following the 2023 spinoff of Kellogg's North American cereal division, the cereal is manufactured by WK Kellogg Co for the United States, Canada, and Caribbean markets. The former Kellogg's, renamed Kellanova, continues to manufacture the cereal for the rest of the world and the meal bars for all markets.

WK Kellogg Co
WK Kellogg Co is an American food manufacturing company, split from Kellogg's on October 2, 2023, and headquartered in Battle Creek, Michigan. It was formed in October 2023 as part of Kellogg's spin-off of its North American cereal business, and it existed as an independent company for about two years before being acquired.

It was purchased by Ferrero in September 2025.
This Never Happened Before
"This Never Happened Before" is a song from Paul McCartney's 2005 album Chaos and Creation in the Backyard. It was released to radio stations in the United States in 2006, peaking at #27 on Billboard's Adult Contemporary chart (see 2006 in music). It was included in the soundtrack of the movie The Lake House (2006).

Chaos and Creation in the Backyard
Chaos and Creation in the Backyard is the thirteenth solo studio album by Paul McCartney, released on 12 and 13 September 2005. Some 18 months in the making, the album was produced by Radiohead and Beck collaborator Nigel Godrich at George Martin's suggestion.

McCartney plays almost all of the instruments, similar to his 1970 album McCartney, the 1980 McCartney II album and the 2020 McCartney III album. In addition, Chaos and Creation in the Backyard marks the first time since 1984's Give My Regards to Broad Street that McCartney was not credited as producer or co-producer of one of his studio albums.

Chaos and Creation in the Backyard was McCartney's last rock album release for longtime label EMI. He signed a deal with Hear Music, owned by Starbucks, in March 2007. He later returned to his old label Capitol Records in 2016.
Manjushri
Manjushri (Sanskrit: मञ्जुश्री, romanized: Mañjuśrī) is a bodhisattva who represents prajñā (transcendent wisdom) of the Buddhas in Mahāyāna Buddhism. The name "Mañjuśrī" is a combination of Sanskrit word "mañju" and an honorific "śrī"; it can be literally translated as "Beautiful One with Glory" or "Beautiful One with Auspiciousness". Mañjuśrī is also known by the fuller name of Mañjuśrīkumārabhūta (मञ्जुश्रीकुमारभूत), literally "Mañjuśrī, Still a Youth" or, less literally, "Prince Mañjuśrī". Another name of Mañjuśrī is Mañjughoṣa.

Ruyi (scepter)
A ruyi (Chinese: 如意; pinyin: Rúyì; lit. 'as desired', 'as [you] wish') is a Chinese curved decorative object that serves as either a ceremonial scepter in Chinese Buddhism or a talisman symbolizing power and good fortune in Chinese folklore. The "ruyi" image frequently appears as a motif in Asian art.

A traditional ruyi has a long S-shaped handle and a head fashioned like a fist, cloud, or lingzhi mushroom. ruyi are constructed from diverse materials. For example, the Palace Museum in Beijing has nearly 3,000 ruyi variously made of gold, silver, iron, bamboo, wood, ivory, coral, rhinoceros horn, lacquer, crystal, jade, and precious gems.
Romolo Catasta
Romolo Catasta (26 March 1923 – 17 March 1985) was an Italian rower who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics. Catasta was born in Vienna, Austria, in 1923. In 1948 he won the bronze medal in the single sculls event. Catasta died in Vienna, Austria on 17 March 1985, at the age of 61.

Rowing at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's single sculls
The men's single sculls competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics took place at Henley-on-Thames, London, United Kingdom. The event was held from 5 to 9 August. There were 14 competitors from 14 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The event was won by Mervyn Wood of Australia, the nation's third victory in four Games (Bobby Pearce had won in 1928 and 1932). Eduardo Risso's silver was Uruguay's second medal in the event, after a bronze in 1932. Italy received its first men's single sculls medal with Romolo Catasta's bronze. The United States had its five-Games podium streak in the event ended, as John B. Kelly Jr. lost his semifinal by 0.4 seconds and did not advance to the final.
The Day the Sun Turned Cold
The Day the Sun Turned Cold (Chinese: 天国逆子) is a 1994 Hong Kong drama film directed by Yim Ho. The film was selected as the Hong Kong entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 67th Academy Awards, but was not accepted as a nominee. The $HK5 million budget for the film was raised by Yim Ho. It was shot in northeastern China. The film won the Tokyo Grand Prix and Yim Ho won the Best Director award at the Tokyo International Film Festival.

Yim Ho
Yim Ho (Chinese: 嚴浩) is a Hong Kong director most active in the 1980s, and a leader of the Hong Kong New Wave.

He began his career making television programs for RTHK, then became a film director in 1980.

One of his most critically acclaimed works was Homecoming (1984). This film was different from other films of that period in that it presents certain emotions and sympathies towards the relationship between Mainland China and Hong Kong (the Sino-British Joint Declaration was signed the same year Homecoming was released).

The film brings together two very well known actresses, Josephine Koo and Siqin Gaowa. Anita Mui's theme song with the same title as the film has also been a popular cantopop song.

Ho's son Linq Yim (Chinese: 严艺之, otherwise known as 嚴羚) is an actor, musician, and director who acted in Ho's 2005 film A West Lake Moment, and  composed its original soundtrack.
Evžen Linhart
Evžen Linhart (20 March 1898 in Kouřim – 29 December 1949 in Prague) otherwise known as Eugen Linhart was a Czech architect and designer of furniture, exponent of Czech functionalism and purism.

he was one from the members of Puristic fourth, he belongs to the representants of the architecture in association of modern Czech avant-garde Devětsil.

Kouřim
Kouřim (Czech pronunciation: [ˈkour̝ɪm]; German: Kaurzim, Kaurzin, Kaurim) is a town in Kolín District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Soubré
Soubré is a city in southwestern Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of and the seat of Soubré Department. It is also a commune and the seat of Nawa Region in Bas-Sassandra District. In the 2014 census, the city had a population of 101,196 and the sub-prefecture a population of 175,163.

Bas-Sassandra District
Bas-Sassandra District (French: District du Bas-Sassandra; [ba.sa.sɑ̃d.ʁa], "Lower Sassandra") is one of fourteen administrative districts of Ivory Coast. The district is located in the southwest part of the country. The capital of the district is San-Pédro.
Anand Yang
Anand A. Yang is a history professor at the University of Washington, United States. He has also served as the Chair of the University of Washington's Department of History and the Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies. From 2006 to 2007, he served as the President for the Association for Asian Studies, and from 2007 to 2009 he was the President of the World History Association. His scholarship has focused on agricultural and Indian peasant life in British Raj colonial India, social history, law and criminality, and life in Indian markets.

Jackson School of International Studies
The Jackson School of International Studies (JSIS; formally Henry M. Jackson School of International Studies) is a department-level school within the Social Sciences Division at the College of Arts and Sciences at the University of Washington. It specializes in international relations and area studies.

The school was founded in 1909 as the Department of Oriental Subjects, and was renamed in 1983 to honor Washington state politician Henry M. Jackson.
Tokmanni
Tokmanni Group Oyj is a Finnish retail chain, which is also the largest discount store chain in Finland in terms of net sales in 2019. Tokmanni is Finland's only nationwide discount store chain, and at the end of 2019 it had almost 200 stores around the country.

Discount store
Discount stores are retail establishments that sell products at prices lower than the standard or recommended retail price. Discounters rely on bulk purchasing and efficient distribution to keep down costs. They include hypermarkets, "category killer" big box stores, warehouse club stores, discount grocery stores, dollar stores and variety stores.
International Air & Space Hall of Fame
32°43′34″N 117°09′16″W﻿ / ﻿32.7262°N 117.1544°W﻿ / 32.7262; -117.1544

The International Air & Space Hall of Fame is an honor roll of people, groups, organizations, or things that have contributed significantly to the advancement of aerospace flight and technology, sponsored by the San Diego Air & Space Museum. Since its founding in 1963, over 200 individuals have been inducted into the hall, with new additions inaugurated at an annual gala.

San Diego Air & Space Museum
The San Diego Air & Space Museum (SDASM) is an aviation and space exploration museum in San Diego, California. It is located in Balboa Park and is housed in the former Ford Building, which is listed on the US National Register of Historic Places. The museum was established by articles of incorporation on October 12, 1961, and opened to the public on February 15, 1963.
Mary Greaves
Mary Greaves MBE (23 April 1907 – 16 January 1983) was a British civil servant and disability rights campaigner, who was instrumental in helping to pass the Chronically Sick and Disabled Persons Act 1970. Following the death of its founder Megan du Boisson in 1969, Greaves became head of the Disablement Income Group.

Disablement Income Group
The Disablement Income Group (DIG) was a British disability pressure group formed in 1965 in Godalming, Surrey. It is considered to be one of the first pan-impairment pressure groups in Britain, and was created to campaign for the introduction of a full disability income through the social security system for all disabled people.

According to the Charity Commission, The Disablement Income Group had ceased to exist as a charity by 2 April 2003.
Jim Spellman
Jim Spellman (born 1968) is an American journalist and musician.  Formerly with CNN, Spellman joined CGTN America in 2013. Before that, he also played guitar in the High Back Chairs and Julie Ocean and drums in Velocity Girl, which contributed to the soundtrack for the 1995 movie Clueless. Most recently, he has played guitar with Foxhall Stacks.

High Back Chairs
The High Back Chairs was a band from Washington, DC. Initially consisting of guitarist/vocalist Peter Hayes, guitarist Jim Spellman, bassist/vocalist Charles Steck, and drummer/vocalist Jeff Nelson, the group released its music on the Washington, D.C. punk record label, Dischord Records. The band eschewed the post-hardcore and  hardcore punk sounds that Dischord was known for. Instead, the High-Back Chairs' music was highly melodic indie rock, owing more to power pop and jangle pop than to the band's punk rock roots. This was all the more notable since Nelson was a co-founder of Dischord and had played in the influential hardcore punk band, Minor Threat from 1980 to 1983. "Coming out at a time when grunge held a lot of sway in Amerindie land," Trouser Press later said of the band, "this breezy, supremely melodic, gutsy rock seemed almost noble."
Rock Hill Galleria
Rock Hill Galleria is an enclosed regional shopping mall for York, Chester, and Lancaster Counties. It is located in Rock Hill, South Carolina, and is managed by Warren Norman Company. The mall has six anchor store spots, four of which are currently occupied, by Belk, Walmart, Dick's Sporting Goods, Ashley HomeStore, Big Air Trampoline & Adventure Park, and Stars and Strikes.

Rock Hill, South Carolina
Rock Hill is the most populous city in York County, South Carolina, United States, and the 5th-most populous city in the state. It is also the 4th-most populous city of the Charlotte metropolitan area, behind Charlotte, Concord, and Gastonia (all located in North Carolina). As of the 2020 census, the city's population was 74,372.

The city is located approximately 25 miles (40 km) south of Charlotte and approximately 70 miles (110 km) north of Columbia.

Rock Hill offers scenic riverfront views along the Catawba River and is home to numerous nature trails, restaurants, and thirty-one parks which are used for both national and local events. Its historic downtown consist of twelve contiguous buildings built as early as 1840 offering dining and retail options. The city is also home to three colleges, including Winthrop University, a public liberal arts university founded in 1886 which enrolls nearly 6,000 students annually.