hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Land of Smiles
The Land of Smiles (German: Das Land des Lächelns) is a 1929 romantic operetta in three acts by Franz Lehár. The German language libretto was by Ludwig Herzer and Fritz Löhner-Beda. The performance duration is about 100 minutes.

This was one of Lehár's later works, and has a bittersweet ending which the Viennese loved. The title refers to the supposed Chinese custom of smiling, whatever happens in life. (The leading character, Prince Sou-Chong has a song early in the show, "Immer nur lächeln" ("Always smiling") which describes this.)

Nicolai Gedda
Harry Gustaf Nikolai Gädda, better known as Nicolai Gedda (11 July 1925 – 8 January 2017), was a Swedish operatic tenor. Debuting in 1951, Gedda had a long and successful career in opera until the age of 77 in June 2003, when he made his final operatic recording. Skilled at languages, he performed operas in French, Russian, German, Italian, English, Czech and Swedish, as well as one in Latin. In January 1958, he created the role of Anatol in the world premiere of Samuel Barber's Vanessa at the Metropolitan Opera. Having made some two hundred recordings, Gedda is one of the most widely recorded opera singers in history. His singing is best known for its beauty of tone, vocal control, and musical perception.
Zieleniewo, Stargard County
Zieleniewo [ʑɛlɛˈɲɛvɔ] (German Grünhof) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kobylanka, within Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) north-west of Stargard and 24 km (15 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 291.

Gmina Kobylanka
Gmina Kobylanka is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Kobylanka, which lies approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) west of Stargard and 21 km (13 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. Its coat of arms refers to the agreement between Stargard and Szczecin concluded after the Wheat War in the 15th century.

The gmina covers an area of 122.05 square kilometres (47.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,646.
State collapse
State collapse is the catastrophic breakdown of a sovereign state's institutional apparatus, resulting in the inability to sustain a monopoly on the legitimate use of force.

During periods of state collapse, a provisional government may be formed, particularly where whatever circumstances have caused the first stages of state collapse have resulted in a coup d'état. Regimes attempting to avert state collapse may become increasingly violent and paranoid, resulting in civil society actors and local leaders losing trust in the ability of the central government to exercise effective control and choosing to defend their interests militarily. Neighboring states or great powers may interfere politically, sometime supporting rebel groups. As a result of the collapse of the central government's ability to effectuate economic regulation and taxation, the informal economy becomes dominant, resulting in declining government resources and a vicious cycle of reduction in state capacity.

Ideocracy
Ideocracy (a portmanteau word combining "ideology" and kratos, Greek for "power") is "governance of a state according to the principles of a particular (political) ideology; a state or country governed in this way". It is government based on a monistic ideology—as distinct from an authoritarian state, which is characterized by strong central power and limited political freedoms. An ideocratic state can either be totalitarian—citizens being forced to follow an ideology—or populist (citizens voluntarily following an ideology).

Every government has ideological bases from which assumptions and policies are drawn; ideocracies are governments wherein one dominant ideology has become deeply ingrained into politics and generally politics has become deeply ingrained into all or most aspects of society. The ideology of an ideocracy presents itself as an absolute, universal, and supreme system for understanding social life, much as a god in a monotheistic belief system.
Gustav Adolf Neuber
Gustav Adolf Neuber (24 June 1850 – 13 April 1932) was a German surgeon born in Tondern (today- Tønder.

He studied medicine in several universities, receiving his doctorate in 1875 at the University of Giessen. Later he worked as an assistant to Friedrich von Esmarch (1823-1908) at the University Surgical Clinic in Kiel.

In 1884 he first proposed the use of separate operating rooms for septic and non-septic surgery, emphasizing the need for complete cleanliness in all aspects of surgery. In 1886, he opened his own private hospital on Königsweg in Kiel, where he implemented modern principles of asepsis. Neuber's clinic in Kiel is considered to be the first aseptic hospital in the world.

In 1879 he developed a "decalcified bone tube" for wound drainage. In the field of plastic surgery, he introduced a procedure for "fat auto-grafting".

Operating theater
An operating theater (or operation theater, OT; also known as an operating room or OR, as well as an operating suite or operation suite) is a facility within a hospital where surgical operations are carried out in an aseptic environment.

Historically, the term operating theater referred to a non-sterile, tiered theater or amphitheater in which students and other spectators could watch surgeons perform surgery. Contemporary operating rooms are usually devoid of a theater setting, making the term operating theater a misnomer in those cases.
Plant Biology (journal)
Plant Biology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of plant biology. The journal was originally established as Berichte der Deutschen Botanischen Gesellschaft in 1883, changed its name to Botanica Acta in 1988. In 1999, the journal renamed itself Plant Biology, and restarted the volume numbering.

Plant Biology is published by John Wiley & Sons on behalf of the German Society for Plant Sciences and the Royal Botanical Society of the Netherlands. The journal is currently edited by Heinz Rennenberg and J. T. M. Elzenga.

German Society for Plant Sciences
The German Society for Plant Sciences (also known as German Botanical Society, Deutsche Botanische Gesellschaft, DBG) is a non-profit network for plant sciences and botany in the German-speaking area. It was founded 1882 at Eisenach, Germany. In July 2020 it comprises more than 900 individual members and persons working or interested in plant science. The society supports young scientists and unites all generations.
Telecom Éireann
Telecom Éireann (Irish pronunciation: [ˈtʲɛlʲəkəmˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ]; meaning "Telecommunications of Ireland") was an Irish state-owned telecommunications company established by the Postal and Telecommunications Services Act, 1983, that operated from 1983 to 1999. Prior to then a telephone and postal service was provided by the Department of Posts and Telegraphs (known as "P and T" or "P⁊T" in Gaelic script), as part of the civil service. Its full formal title was "Bord Telecom Éireann or, in the English language, The Irish Telecommunications Board". "Telecom Éireann" may be translated as "Telecom of Ireland". In 1999, the company was privatised and renamed as eircom.

Civil Service of the Republic of Ireland
The Civil Service (Irish: An Státseirbhís) of the Republic of Ireland is the collective term for the permanent staff of the departments of state and certain state agencies who advise and work for the Government of Ireland. It consists of two broad components, the Civil Service of the Government and the Civil Service of the State. Whilst the differences between these two components are largely theoretical, some fundamental operational distinctions exist.
Kanokon
Kanokon (かのこん) is a Japanese light novel series by Katsumi Nishino, with illustrations by Koin. The first novel was released by Media Factory on October 31, 2005, under its MF Bunko J imprint, and it published 15 volumes until December 24, 2010. A manga adaptation illustrated by Rin Yamaki was serialized in Media Factory's seinen manga magazine Monthly Comic Alive between the August 2006 and August 2010 issues. A drama CD was produced by Media Factory and released on March 28, 2007. A twelve-episode anime adaptation produced by Xebec aired in Japan between April and June 2008 on AT-X, and has been licensed by Media Blasters for release in North America. A two-part OVA sequel aired on AT-X in October 2009. A visual novel named Kanokon Esuii developed by 5pb. was released for the PlayStation 2 on July 31, 2008.

Seven Seas Entertainment
Seven Seas Entertainment is an American publishing company located in Los Angeles, California. It was originally dedicated to the publication of original English-language manga, but now publishes licensed manga and light novels from Japan, as well as select webcomics. The company is headed by Jason DeAngelis, who coined the term "world manga" with the October 2004 launch of the company's website.
Wrecking Crew (video game)
Wrecking Crew is an action game developed and published by Nintendo. It was first released for arcades for the Nintendo VS. System in 1984, titled VS. Wrecking Crew with a simultaneous two-player mode. It was released as a single-player game for the Family Computer (Famicom) console in 1985, and as a launch game for the Nintendo Entertainment System (NES) later that year.

It was designed by Yoshio Sakamoto and Makoto Kanoh. It is a spin-off of Nintendo's Mario franchise, featuring Mario (and, in two-player mode, Luigi) going through levels attempting to destroy certain objects. A sequel, Wrecking Crew '98, was released only in Japan in 1998 for the Super Famicom, and the game's legacy would continue beyond with appearances from its antagonist Spike in the Mario spin-off Mobile Golf (2001) and the film The Super Mario Bros. Movie (2023), and its Golden Hammer appearing as an item in the Super Smash Bros. series.

Yoshio Sakamoto
Yoshio Sakamoto (Japanese: 坂本 賀勇, Hepburn: Sakamoto Yoshio) (born July 23, 1959) is a Japanese video game designer, director, and producer. He has worked at Nintendo since 1982. He has directed several games in the Metroid series. He is one of the most prominent members of Nintendo's former Research and Development 1 division, along with Gunpei Yokoi and Toru Osawa.
Gerold Meraner
Gerold Meraner (9 March 1940 – 26 August 2023) was an Italian politician. A member of the Party of Independents, the Freedom Party of South Tyrol, the Union for South Tyrol, and finally an independent, he served in the Landtag of South Tyrol from 1983 to 1993.

Meraner died in Eppan an der Weinstraße on 26 August 2023, at the age of 83.

Citizens' Union for South Tyrol
The Citizens' Union for South Tyrol (German: BürgerUnion für Südtirol, BUfS), formerly Union for South Tyrol (Union für Südtirol, UfS), was a national-conservative and, at times, right-wing populist political party active in South Tyrol, Italy.

The party was committed to the German-speaking minority and its right to self-determination. Recently, the party re-branded itself as a centrist party and distanced from the separatism of other German-speaking parties.

Its long-time leader was Andreas Pöder.
Mutants in fiction
The concept of a mutant is a common trope in fiction. The new phenotypes that appear in fictional mutations generally go far beyond what is typically seen in mutants in reality, and often result in the mutated life form exhibiting superhuman abilities or qualities.

Mutant
In biology, and especially in genetics, a mutant is an organism or a new genetic character arising or resulting from an instance of mutation, which is generally an alteration of the DNA sequence of the genome or chromosome of an organism. It is a characteristic that would not be observed naturally in a specimen. The term mutant is also applied to a virus with an alteration in its nucleotide sequence whose genome is in the nuclear genome. The natural occurrence of genetic mutations is integral to the process of evolution. The study of mutants is an integral part of biology; by understanding the effect that a mutation in a gene has, it is possible to establish the normal function of that gene.
Farhad Rahbar
Farhad Rahbar (Persian: فرهاد رهبر; born 5 October 1959) is an Iranian economist, academic, full professor of interdisciplinary economics and was Aide to the President of Iran for Economic Affairs from 2021 to 2024.

He was the former president and member of board of trustees of the Islamic Azad University and chancellor of the University of Tehran.

He received his BA, MA and Ph.D in theoretical economics from University of Tehran. 
Previously, Rahbar was a vice president of Iran and head of Management and Planning Organisation of Iran. He has also worked as the deputy for economic affairs at the Ministry of Intelligence.
From February 2008 until February 2014, he was the chancellor of University of Tehran.

Islamic Azad University
The Islamic Azad University (IAU; Persian: دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی, Dāneshgāh-e Āzād-e Eslāmi) is a private university system headquartered in Tehran, Iran. It is one of the largest comprehensive systems of universities in the world.
United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (in case citations, 4th Cir.) is a federal court located in Richmond, Virginia, with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:

District of Maryland

Eastern District of North Carolina

Middle District of North Carolina

Western District of North Carolina

District of South Carolina

Eastern District of Virginia

Western District of Virginia

Northern District of West Virginia

Southern District of West Virginia

The court is based at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. United States Courthouse in Richmond, Virginia. With 15 authorized judgeships, it is the 4th largest circuit among the 13 United States Courts of Appeals.

United States District Court for the Western District of Virginia
The United States District Court for the Western District of Virginia (in case citations, W.D. Va.) is a United States district court.

Appeals from the Western District of Virginia are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The court is seated at multiple locations in Virginia: Abingdon, Charlottesville, Danville, Harrisonburg, Lynchburg and Roanoke.
Watercress (book)
Watercress is a children's book written by Andrea Wang, illustrated by Jason Chin, and published on March 30, 2021 by Neal Porter Books.

In 2022, the book won the Asian/Pacific American Award for Literature for Picture Book, Caldecott Medal, and Newbery Honor.

Jason Chin
Jason Chin (born 1978–1979) is an author and illustrator of children's books. His books, which usually deal with science and nature, were the recipients of a Caldecott Medal, a Sibert Honor and a Orbis Pictus Award.
Oswald Morris
Oswald Norman Morris, OBE DFC AFC BSC (22 November 1915 – 17 March 2014) was a British cinematographer. Known to his colleagues by the nicknames "Os" or "Ossie", Morris's career in cinematography spanned six decades.

Moulin Rouge (1952 film)
Moulin Rouge is a 1952 British historical romantic drama film directed by John Huston from a screenplay he co-wrote with Anthony Veiller, based on the 1950 novel of the same name by Pierre La Mure, and produced by John and James Woolf. The film follows artist Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec as he navigates the bohemian subculture of 19th-century Paris, centered around the Moulin Rouge, a burlesque venue. It was screened at the 14th Venice International Film Festival, where it won the Silver Lion.

The film stars José Ferrer, Zsa Zsa Gabor, Suzanne Flon, Eric Pohlmann, Colette Marchand, Christopher Lee, Peter Cushing, Katherine Kath, Theodore Bikel, and Muriel Smith.
Santana Cycles
Santana Cycles is the world's leading manufacturer of tandem bicycles. Santana was founded in 1976 by Bill McCready, an associate editor at Bicycling Magazine, and is located in La Verne, California. In the 1970s "Santana virtually re-invented the tandem, which had been in decline since the second world war." In 2002, Santana was described as the largest manufacturer of "enthusiast level" tandem bicycles.

Tandem bicycle
A tandem bicycle or twin is a bicycle (occasionally a tricycle) designed to be ridden by more than one person. The term tandem refers to the seating arrangement (fore to aft, not side by side), not the number of riders. Patents related to tandem bicycles date from the mid-1880s. Tandems can reach higher speeds than the same riders on single bicycles, and tandem bicycle racing exists. As with bicycles for single riders, there are many variations that have been developed over the years.
Arkansas Hills
The Arkansas Hills are a mountain range in Central Colorado located between the upper Arkansas River Valley and the upper South Platte River Valley. This landmass is a continuation of the ridge known as the Mosquito Range north of Trout Creek Pass. The range continues for roughly 60 miles south-southwest from Trout Creek Pass to the town of Texas Creek. Few perennial streams flow out of the Arkansas Hills, as the area is arid. The range is in the rain shadow of the much higher Sawatch to the west across the Arkansas River Valley. The City of Salida, Colorado is the most notable municipality near the Arkansas Hills. To the south is the town of Cotopaxi, Colorado, and to the east is the town of Guffey, Colorado. The highest points in the Arkansas Hills tend to be between 11,000 and 12,000 feet elevation.

Salida, Colorado
Salida (/səˈlaɪdə/ sə-LY-də; Spanish language: [saˈliða], "exit") is the statutory city that is the county seat of and the most populous municipality in Chaffee County, Colorado, United States. The population was 5,666 at the 2020 census.
Monument to Edward Onslow Ford
The Monument to Edward Onslow Ford is a Grade II listed monument on Abbey Road in St John's Wood, London, near Ford's former home. Onslow Ford was himself a sculptor and would produce many memorials and monuments in his own lifetime.

The monument was erected around 1901 unveiled by Lawrence Alma-Tadema, with artists such as John William Simpson and Andrea Carlo Lucchesi involved in the design. It takes the form of a Portland stone obelisk with bronze detailing including a relief bust of Onslow Ford by Lucchesi and on the obverse side a copy of Ford's Muse taken from his Shelley Memorial by Simpson. The monument is listed alongside the two ornamented lamps to either side. An inscription on the monument reads 'To thine own self be true', a quote from Hamlet.

Ford was a member of the New Sculpture movement, with strong influences from Alfred Gilbert. The memorial was set up by friends, colleagues and admirers with whom Ford was popular.

Edward Onslow Ford
Edward Onslow Ford RA (27 July 1852 – 23 December 1901) was an English sculptor. Much of Ford's early success came with portrait heads or busts. These were considered extremely refined, showing his subjects at their best and led to him receiving a number of commissions for public monuments and statues, both in Britain and overseas. Ford also produced a number of bronze statuettes of free-standing figures loosely drawn from mythology or of allegorical subjects. These 'ideal' figures became characteristic of the New Sculpture movement that developed in Britain from about 1880 and of which Ford was a leading exponent.
Babraham Institute
The Babraham Institute is a life sciences research institution focussing on healthy ageing. The Babraham Institute is based on the Babraham Research Campus, partly occupying a former manor house, but also laboratory and science facility buildings on the campus, surrounded by an extensive parkland estate, just south of Cambridge, England. It is an independent and charitable organization which is involved in biomedical research, including healthy aging and molecular biology. The director is Dr Simon Cook who also leads the Institute's signalling research programme.

The Babraham Institute is a member of EU-LIFE, an alliance of leading life sciences research centres in Europe. It is also a partner organisation of the University of Cambridge

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
The Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), is a council of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology. It is the largest UK public funder of non-medical bioscience. It predominantly funds scientific research institutes and university research departments in the UK.
Penafiel
Penafiel (Portuguese pronunciation: [pɨnɐfiˈɛl] ⓘ or Portuguese pronunciation: [ˌpenɐfiˈɛl] ⓘ) is a municipality and former bishopric (now a Latin Catholic titular see) in the northern Portuguese district of Porto. Capital of the Tâmega Subregion, the population was 72,265 in 2011, in an area of 212.24 square kilometres (81.95 mi2).

Porto District
Porto ([ˈpoɾtu] ⓘ) is a district located on the north-west coast of Portugal. The district capital is the city of Porto, the second largest city in the country. It is bordered by the Aveiro and Viseu districts to the south, Braga district to the north and Vila Real district to the east.

Its area is 2,395 km2 (925 sq mi) and its population is 1,817,172. In 2017, the main legal foreign populations were from Brazil (9,442), China (2,475), Ukraine (2,160), Italy (1,273), Spain (1,189), Angola (1,118), and Cape Verde (1,040). These numbers exclude those who obtained Portuguese citizenship, which is regular among recent Portuguese Brazilians or Portuguese-Africans.
Mithamain Upazila
Mithamoin (Bengali: মিঠামইন, romanized: Mithamoin) is an upazila (subdistrict) of Kishoreganj District in northern Bangladesh, located in Dhaka Division. It is best known as the home upazila of Abdul Hamid, the former President of Bangladesh.

Kishoreganj District
Kishoreganj District (Bengali: কিশোরগঞ্জ জেলা) is a district in Dhaka Division, Bangladesh. The establishment of the Kishorganj began with 2495.07 km2 of land requisition from Mymensingh district to form Kishoreganj District. Earlier it was a mahakuma (sub-division) under Mymensingh district. Kishorganj consists of eight municipalities, 13 upazilas, 105 union parishads, 39 wards, 145 mahallas, 946 mouzas, and 1775 villages.
Pey pok
The pei pok (Khmer: ប៉ីពក) is a Cambodian bamboo free-reed pipe. It is similar to the Lanna pi chum of Northern Thailand.

The pey pok is commonly played along with the pey au in krom phleng arak ritual ensembles.

Pi (instrument)
Pi (Thai: ปี่, pronounced [pìː]) is the generic term for any of a variety of quadruple reed oboes used in the traditional music of Thailand, piphat. It is very similar in construction and playing technique to Burmese Hne and Cambodian sralai.