hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lester Andrews
William Lester Self Andrews is an American chemist who makes contributions to the ongoing development of quantum chemistry of metallic complexes. He is the Professor Emeritus of Chemistry at the University of Virginia. He won the Earle K. Plyler Prize for Molecular Spectroscopy in 2010 for "vibrational spectroscopy in cryogenic matrices that combined with quantum calculations, has led to the identification and characterization of many molecules, ions, and complexes across the periodic table".

He was born in Lincolnton, North Carolina.  His first degree was in chemical engineering at Mississippi State University in 1963 and his doctorate was in physical chemistry at Berkeley in 1966.

Lincolnton, North Carolina
Lincolnton is a city in Lincoln County, North Carolina, United States within the Charlotte metropolitan area. The population was 11,091 at the 2020 census, with an estimated population of 12,128, as of 2023. Lincolnton is northwest of Charlotte, on the South Fork of the Catawba River. The city is the county seat of Lincoln County.
Będków, Tomaszów Mazowiecki County
Będków [ˈbɛntkuf] is a village in Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Będków. It lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) north-west of Tomaszów Mazowiecki and 30 km (19 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź. It is located in Łęczyca Land.

It was a private town, administratively located in the Brzeziny County in the Łęczyca Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland.

Łęczyca Voivodeship
Łęczyca Voivodeship (Polish: Województwo łęczyckie) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland from the 14th century until the partitions of Poland in 1772–1795. It was part of Greater Poland Province, and its capital was in Łęczyca. The voivodeship had the area of 4,080 square kilometers, divided into three counties. Local sejmiks took place at Łęczyca. The city of Łódź, which until the 19th century was a small town, for centuries belonged to Łęczyca Voivodeship.
Musée Delta
The Musée Delta (lit. 'Delta Museum') is an aviation museum situated at the edge of Paris-Orly airport in Athis-Mons in the département of Essonne in France. Its primary focus is the history of delta wing aircraft. It forms a counterpart to the Musée de l'air et de l'espace at Le Bourget.

The museum opened on 12 April 1988 with the arrival of Concorde 102 (F-WTSA), veteran of 314 flights between 1973 and 1976. In 2014, the museum was temporarily closed during the extension of the local tram service.

The museum is open between 15 January and 15 December on Wednesdays and Saturdays from 2pm and 6pm, and Sundays between April and July.

Athis-Mons
Athis-Mons (French: [atisˈmɔ̃s] ⓘ) is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 16.5 km (10.3 mi) from the center of Paris.

Inhabitants are called Athégiens.

A small part of Orly International Airport lies on the territory of the commune of Athis-Mons, as do several of the hotels that serve the airport.
Alabama State Route 125
State Route 125 (SR 125) is a 24.72-mile-long (39.78 km) state highway in Coffee and Pike counties in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Alabama. The southern terminus of the highway is at U.S. Route 84 (US 84) and SR 87 in Elba. The northern terminus of the route is at an intersection with US 231 south of Brundidge.

Pike County, Alabama
Pike County is a county located in the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census the population was 33,009. Its county seat is Troy. Its name is in honor of General Zebulon Pike, of New Jersey, who led an expedition to southern Colorado and encountered Pikes Peak in 1806.

Pike County comprises the Troy, AL Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Vama Buzăului
Vama Buzăului (German: Bodzau; Hungarian: Bodzavám) is a commune in Brașov County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of four villages: Acriș (Egrestelep), Buzăiel (Kisbodza), Dălghiu (Döblön), and Vama Buzăului.

Brașov County
Brașov County (Romanian pronunciation: [braˈʃov] ⓘ) is a county (județ) of Transylvania, Romania. Its capital city is Brașov. The county incorporates within its boundaries most of the Medieval "lands" (țări) Burzenland and Făgăraș.
2013 Generali Ladies Linz
The 2013 Generali Ladies Linz was a tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts. It was the 27th edition of the Generali Ladies Linz, and part of the WTA International tournaments-category of the 2013 WTA Tour. It was held at the TipsArena Linz in Linz, Austria, on 7–13 October 2013.

Angelique Kerber
Angelique Kerber (German: [ʔan.d͡ʒɛˈliːk ˈkɛɐ̯bɐ] ⓘ; born 18 January 1988) is a German former professional tennis player. She was ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for 34 weeks, including as the year-end No. 1 in 2016. Kerber won 14 WTA Tour-level singles titles, including three majors at the 2016 Australian Open, 2016 US Open, and 2018 Wimbledon Championships. She also won a silver medal in women's singles at the 2016 Rio Olympics.

An accomplished left-handed player, Kerber made her professional debut in 2003 and came to prominence by reaching the semifinals of the 2011 US Open as the world No. 92. Kerber first cracked the top 5 in the rankings in 2012 and would eventually become the world No. 1 on 12 September 2016, becoming the 22nd and oldest player to achieve the top ranking for the first time. Following a maternity leave, Kerber retired from the sport after the 2024 Paris Olympics.
Stuffed clam
Stuffed clams (or stuffies) are popular in New England, especially in Rhode Island, and consist of a breadcrumb and minced clam mixture that is baked on the half shell of a quahog hard shell clam. Other ingredients typically found in the basic breadcrumb mixture are: meat such as sausage, bacon or chouriço (Portuguese sausage), chili pepper, lemon juice, bell peppers, celery, onion, garlic, spices and herbs.  There are many different recipes for stuffed clams; many restaurants in New England have their own variety, as do many home cooks.

Hard clam
The hard clam (Mercenaria mercenaria), also known as the round clam, hard-shell (or hard-shelled) clam, or the quahog, is an edible marine bivalve mollusk that is native to the eastern shores of North America and Central America from Prince Edward Island to the Yucatán Peninsula. It is one of many unrelated edible bivalves that in the United States are frequently referred to simply as clams. Older literature sources may use the systematic name Venus mercenaria; this species is in the family Veneridae, the venus clams.

Confusingly, the "ocean quahog" is a different species, Arctica islandica, which, although superficially similar in shape, is in a different family of bivalves: it is rounder than the hard clam, usually has a black periostracum, and there is no pallial sinus in the interior of the shell.
Stawiszyce
Stawiszyce [staviˈʂɨt͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Złota, within Pińczów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south of Złota, 23 km (14 mi) south of Pińczów, and 62 km (39 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Gmina Złota
Gmina Złota is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Pińczów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Złota, which lies approximately 18 kilometres (11 mi) south of Pińczów and 56 km (35 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

The gmina covers an area of 81.7 square kilometres (31.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,877.

The gmina contains parts of the protected areas called Kozubów Landscape Park and Nida Landscape Park.
St. Martin's Episcopal School
St. Martin's Episcopal School is a diocesan private college preparatory school in Metairie, Louisiana, a suburb in Greater New Orleans. It is affiliated with St. Martin's Episcopal Church and the Episcopal Diocese of Louisiana. The school also operates George Cottage, an early childhood program for infants and children up to age 3, after which they may opt to join the main school.

Metairie, Louisiana
Metairie (/ˈmɛtəri/ MET-ər-ee) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Jefferson Parish, Louisiana, United States, and is part of the New Orleans metropolitan area. With a population of 143,507 in 2020, Metairie is the largest community in Jefferson Parish, the fifth-largest CDP in the United States, and the largest outside Clark County, Nevada. It is an unincorporated area that (as of 2020) would have been Louisiana's fourth-largest city behind Shreveport if incorporated.
Wangara people
The Wangara (also known as Wakara, Wangarawa) are a diaspora community of ethnic Manden origin who served as specialized long-distance merchants throughout West Africa, particularly in trans-Saharan trade and practice islam, opposed to the Soninke who practice the traditional Mandinka religion. Originating from the Mali Empire, over time the Wangara became integrated into numerous other communities and ethnic groups, particularly in Timbuktu, Agadez, Kano, Gao, Salaga, Kong, Bissa, Kankan, Fouta Jallon, Djenné as well as Bambouk, Bure, Lobi, and (to a lesser degree) Bono goldfields and Borgu. They were practicing Muslims who helped spread the religion widely and served as clerics, political advisors, healers and marabouts, often following the Suwarian Tradition.

The term 'Wangara' is sometimes used interchangeably to refer to the Jakhanke or Dyula people, who are also diasporic traders and Islamic clerics of Mande origin.

Bambouk
Bambouk (sometimes Bambuk or Bambuhu) is a traditional name for the territory in eastern Senegal and western Mali, encompassing the Bambouk Mountains on its eastern edge, the valley of the Faleme River and the hilly country to the east of the river valley.  It was a formally described district in French Sudan, but in 1895, the border between French Sudan and Senegal was moved to the Faleme River, placing the western portion of the district within Senegal.  The term is still used to designate the region, but there is no formal administrative area with that name.

Bambouk is primarily home to the Malinké people, and a distinctive dialect of the Maninkakan language is spoken there.
Enrico Dandolo (patriarch)
Enrico Dandolo (c. 1092–1182) was Patriarch of Grado, Italy, from 1134 to 1182. A member of a noble Venetian Dandolo family, after his appointment he put the interests of the church ahead of all other concerns.

Dandolo supported reform of the clergy along the lines laid down by Bernard of Clairvaux. He was engaged in a long-running dispute over jurisdiction with Giovanni Polani, the Bishop of Castello. He also became involved in a dispute with the doge of Venice over lay involvement in church affairs. The dispute with the doge escalated when the doge supported the Byzantine Empire when it was invaded by the Normans. Venice had critically important economic ties with the empire, but it was in schism with Rome. Dandolo was exiled until the war was over. Later he was restored to authority and gained most of his objectives including recognition of the separation of church from state and of the supremacy of the Patriarchate of Grado over Venice.

Diocese of Castello
The Diocese of Castello, originally the Diocese of Olivolo, is a former Roman Catholic diocese that was based on the city of Venice in Italy. 
It was established in 774, covering the islands that are now occupied by Venice. Throughout its existence there was tension between the diocese, the Patriarchate of Grado to which it was nominally subordinate, and the Doge of Venice. Eventually in 1451 the diocese and the patriarchate were merged to form the Archdiocese of Venice.
Bryan Greenberg
Bryan Greenberg (born May 24, 1978) is an American actor. He is known for his starring role as Ben Epstein in the HBO original series How to Make It in America as well as a recurring role in The Mindy Project. He also had a recurring role as Jake Jagielski in the WB series One Tree Hill and as Nick Garrett on the ABC drama October Road. His film work includes The Perfect Score, Prime, Bride Wars, and Friends with Benefits. He made his directorial debut with his film Junction.

Junction (2024 film)
Junction is a 2024 American thriller film written and directed by Bryan Greenberg and starring Greenberg, Ryan Eggold, Jamie Chung, Sophia Bush and Griffin Dunne.  It is Greenberg's feature directorial debut.

Junction was released on 26 January 2024.
Puster Valley Railway
The Puster Valley Railway (German: Pustertalbahn; Italian: Ferrovia della Val Pusteria) is a standard gauge, single-track railway line in the Puster Valley between Franzensfeste (Italian: Fortezza) and Innichen (San Candido), South Tyrol, Italy. The line branches off the Brenner Railway in Franzensfeste and runs via Bruneck and Toblach to Innichen, where it continues as the Drava Valley Railway (Drautalbahn).

Historically, there was no separation between the Puster Valley Railway and the Drava Valley Railway, as the granting of the concession, the construction and the commissioning of the line from Villach to Franzensfeste covered the whole line. However, since the transition between the Italian and Austrian electrification systems is now located in Innichen station, this is usually considered the terminus of the two lines. Alternatively, the national border east of Innichen or the Toblach saddle west of Innichen may be seen as the border between the two lines.

Innichen railway station
Innichen station (Italian: stazione di San Candido) is a railway station located in Innichen (San Candido), Italy where the Puster Valley Railway and the Drava Valley Railway meet in eastern South Tyrol. It is the border station between Italy and Austria.
Newton Wallop, 6th Earl of Portsmouth
Newton Wallop, 6th Earl of Portsmouth JP, DL (19 January 1856 – 4 December 1917), styled Viscount Lymington until 1891, was a British Liberal politician but then joined the Liberal Unionist Party in 1886. He later switched back to the Liberal Party to serve as Under-Secretary of State for War under Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman from 1905 to 1908.

Glen Affric
Glen Affric (Scottish Gaelic: Gleann Afraig) is a glen south-west of the village of Cannich in the Highland region of Scotland, some 15 miles (25 kilometres) west of Loch Ness. The River Affric runs along its length, passing through Loch Affric and Loch Beinn a' Mheadhoin. A minor public road reaches as far as the end of Loch Beinn a' Mheadhoin, but beyond that point only rough tracks and footpaths continue along the glen.

Often described as the most beautiful glen in Scotland, Glen Affric contains the third largest area of ancient Caledonian pinewoods in Scotland, as well as lochs, moorland and mountains.
The area is a Caledonian Forest Reserve, a national scenic area and a national nature reserve, as well as holding several other conservation designations.

The forests and open landscapes of the glen, and the mountains on either side, are a popular destination for hikers, climbers and mountain bikers.
The Man with Rain in His Shoes
The Man with Rain in His Shoes is a 1998 Spanish-British romantic comedy film, written by Spanish singer-songwriter Rafa Russo, directed by Spanish filmmaker María Ripoll (in her directing debut) and starring Lena Headey, Douglas Henshall, Penélope Cruz, Mark Strong and Elizabeth McGovern with Paul Popplewell. The film was released under the titles Twice Upon a Yesterday in the United States and If Only... in France, the United Kingdom, and Australia.

Douglas Henshall
Douglas James Henshall (born 19 November 1965) is a Scottish television, film and stage actor. He is best known for his roles as Professor Nick Cutter in the science fiction series Primeval (2007–2011) and Detective Inspector Jimmy Pérez in the crime drama Shetland (2013–2025).
The Columnist (play)
The Columnist is a play by American playwright David Auburn. It opened on Broadway's Samuel J. Friedman Theatre, under the direction of Daniel J. Sullivan. The play opened on April 25, 2012, and closed July 8, 2012, with John Lithgow starring as Joseph Alsop. The cast also included Margaret Colin, Boyd Gaines, Grace Gummer, Stephen Kunken, Marc Bonan and Brian J. Smith.

Grace Gummer
Grace Jane Ronson (née Gummer, born May 9, 1986) is an American actress. She received a Theatre World Award for her Broadway debut in the 2011 revival of Arcadia. Her television work includes recurring roles in The Newsroom and American Horror Story: Freak Show, and as cast regular in Extant and Mr. Robot.
Lake Wisconsin, Wisconsin
Lake Wisconsin is a census-designated place (CDP) in Columbia and Sauk counties, in the towns of Lodi and Merrimac, in Wisconsin, United States. The population was 4,616 at the 2020 census, up from 4,189 at the 2010 census.

The Columbia County portion of the Lake Wisconsin is part of the Madison Metropolitan Statistical Area, while the Sauk County portion is part of the Baraboo Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Merrimac (town), Wisconsin
Merrimac is a town in Sauk County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 868 at the 2000 census. The Village of Merrimac is located within the town. The unincorporated community of Moon Valley is located in the town. The census-designated place of Lake Wisconsin is also located partially in the town.
Painted Shut
Painted Shut is the third studio album by American indie rock band Hop Along, released on May 4, 2015 through Saddle Creek Records.

The fourth track "Waitress" was released as a single from the album. The band toured the US in support of the album in Spring of 2015.

Saddle Creek Records
Saddle Creek Records is an American record label based in Omaha, Nebraska and named after Saddle Creek Road, a major street in midtown Omaha. Started as a college class project on entrepreneurship, the label was founded in 1993 by Mike Mogis and Justin Oberst. Mogis soon turned over his role in the company to Robb Nansel. It was initially called Lumberjack Records; Saddle Creek first appeared in print on a show flyer, offering to "Spend an evening with Saddle Creek" (later to be the title of the label's DVD). Distribution is handled by Redeye Distribution. SCR continues to be the flagship label of a style of music called "The Omaha Sound", characterized by a slight country twang. A "sister label" of sorts to Saddle Creek is Team Love, which was begun by Justin Oberst's brother Conor Oberst in 2004.
Vallermosa
Vallermosa (Sardinian: Biddaramosa) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Cagliari in the Italian region Sardinia, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) northwest of Cagliari. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,995 and an area of 61.8 square kilometres (23.9 sq mi).

Vallermosa borders the following municipalities: Decimoputzu, Iglesias, Siliqua, Villacidro, Villasor.

Metropolitan City of Cagliari
The Metropolitan City of Cagliari (Italian: città metropolitana di Cagliari; Campidanese: tzittadi metropolitana de Casteddu) is a metropolitan city in the autonomous region of Sardinia in Italy. Its capital is the city of Cagliari and includes 70 other municipalities (comuni). It was established by law in 2016 and replaced the province of Cagliari, and was expanded by 53 municipalities on 1 June 2025 with the disestablishment of the Province of South Sardinia. The current president is the mayor of Cagliari, Massimo Zedda. The population is 536,245 as of 2025, while the population of the functional urban area is approximately 477,000.
1972 Belgian Grand Prix
The 1972 Belgian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Nivelles on 4 June 1972. It was race 5 of 12 in both the 1972 World Championship of Drivers and the 1972 International Cup for Formula One Manufacturers. The 85-lap race was won by Lotus driver Emerson Fittipaldi after he started from pole position. François Cevert finished second for the Tyrrell team and McLaren driver Denny Hulme came in third.

Reigning World Champion Jackie Stewart was a notable absence – his gruelling schedule of racing in Formula 1, Can-Am and European touring cars, plus promotional events for Tyrrell sponsors Elf and Ford, as well as a sideline of sports commentating on television in the US led to what was originally diagnosed as an ulcer, but was later confirmed as gastritis. Under doctor's orders, he took about three weeks off from everything, canceled his involvement with the Can-Am series and US TV for the remainder of 1972, and was restricting his schedule of everything else.

François Cevert
Albert François Cevert (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃swa səvɛʁ]; 25 February 1944 – 6 October 1973) was a French racing driver, who competed in Formula One from 1969 to 1973. Cevert won the 1971 United States Grand Prix with Tyrrell.

Cevert competed in Formula One for Tecno and Tyrrell, finishing third in the World Drivers' Championship in 1971.

During qualifying for the 1973 United States Grand Prix, Cevert was killed when he crashed his Tyrrell 006 in an attempt at his maiden pole position.
Masaru Shintani
Masaru Shintani (February 3, 1928 – May 7, 2000) was a Japanese-Canadian master of karate who introduced the Wadō-ryū style of karate in Canada and founded the Shintani Wado-Kai Karate Federation.

At the time of his death he was the Supreme Instructor of Wado Kai Karate in North America. Shintani devoted over 50 years to the study of Karate. He also held ranks in Judo (Sandan), Aikido (Shodan), and Kendo (Shodan).

Wadō-ryū
Wadō-ryū (和道流) is one of the four major karate styles and was founded by Hironori Ōtsuka (1892–1982). Ōtsuka was a Menkyo Kaiden licensed Shindō Yōshin-ryū practitioner of Tatsusaburo Nakayama and a student of Yōshin-ryū prior to meeting the Okinawan karate master Gichin Funakoshi. After having learned from Funakoshi, and after their split, with Okinawan masters such as Kenwa Mabuni and Motobu Chōki, Ōtsuka merged Shindō Yōshin-ryū with Okinawan karate. The result of Ōtsuka's efforts is Wadō-ryū Karate.

As such, Wadō-ryū places emphasis on not only striking, but tai sabaki, joint locks and throws. It has its origins within Shindō Yōshin-ryū jujitsu, as well as Shotokan, Tomari-te and Shito-Ryu karate.: 40 
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Birkhoff decomposition
Birkhoff decomposition refers to two different mathematical concepts:

The Birkhoff factorization, introduced by George David Birkhoff at 1909, is the presentation of an invertible matrix with polynomial coefficients as a product of three matrices.

The Birkhoff - von Neumann decomposition, introduced by Garrett Birkhoff (George's son) at 1946, is the presentation of a bistochastic matrix as a convex sum of permutation matrices. It can be found by the Birkhoff algorithm.

Birkhoff algorithm
Birkhoff's algorithm (also called Birkhoff-von-Neumann algorithm) is an algorithm for decomposing a bistochastic matrix into a convex combination of permutation matrices. It was published by Garrett Birkhoff in 1946.: 36  It has many applications. One such application is for the problem of fair random assignment: given a randomized allocation of items, Birkhoff's algorithm can decompose it into a lottery on deterministic allocations.