hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hofstadter's butterfly
In condensed matter physics, Hofstadter's butterfly is a graph of the spectral properties of non-interacting two-dimensional electrons in a perpendicular magnetic field in a lattice. The fractal, self-similar nature of the spectrum was discovered in the 1976 Ph.D. work of Douglas Hofstadter and is one of the early examples of modern scientific data visualization. The name reflects the fact that, as Hofstadter wrote, "the large gaps [in the graph] form a very striking pattern somewhat resembling a butterfly."

The Hofstadter butterfly plays an important role in the theory of the integer quantum Hall effect and the theory of topological quantum numbers.

Douglas Hofstadter
Douglas Richard Hofstadter (born 15 February 1945) is an American cognitive and computer scientist whose research includes concepts such as the sense of self in relation to the external world, consciousness, analogy-making, strange loops, ambigrams, artificial intelligence, and discovery in mathematics and physics. His 1979 book Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid won the Pulitzer Prize for general nonfiction, and a National Book Award (at that time called The American Book Award) for Science. His 2007 book I Am a Strange Loop won the Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Science and Technology.
1988 National League Championship Series
The 1988 National League Championship Series was a best-of seven playoff series in Major League Baseball’s 1988 postseason played between the National League West champion Los Angeles Dodgers and the National League East champion New York Mets. The Dodgers won the Series four games to three, en route to defeating the Oakland Athletics in five games in the 1988 World Series.

John Shelby
John T. Shelby (born February 23, 1958) is an American former center fielder in Major League Baseball (MLB) who played from 1981 to 1991. He began his career as a member of the Baltimore Orioles before later playing for the Los Angeles Dodgers and Detroit Tigers. Shelby was a member of two World Series–winning teams: the 1983 Orioles and the 1988 Dodgers. His nickname was "T-Bone" because of his slight frame. He currently is a coach in the Atlanta Braves minor league system.
Margaret Hughes
Margaret Hughes (29 May 1630 – 1 October 1719), also Peg Hughes or Margaret Hewes, was an English actress who is often credited as the first professional actress on the English stage, as a result of her appearance on 8 December 1660. 
Hughes was the mistress of the Royalist English Civil War general Prince Rupert of the Rhine.

Desdemona
Desdemona (/ˌdɛzdəˈmoʊnə/) is a character in William Shakespeare's play Othello (c. 1601–1604). Shakespeare's Desdemona is a Venetian beauty who enrages and disappoints her father, a Venetian senator, when she elopes with Othello, a Moorish Venetian military prodigy. When her husband is deployed to Cyprus in the service of the Republic of Venice, Desdemona accompanies him. There, her husband is manipulated by his ensign Iago into believing she is an adulteress, and, in the last act, she is murdered by her estranged spouse.
Anticosti Island
Anticosti (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃tikɔsti]) is an island located between the Jacques Cartier and Honguedo Straits, in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, in L'Île-d'Anticosti (Municipality), Minganie MRC, Côte-Nord, Quebec, Canada.

Côte-Nord
Côte-Nord (Region 09) (French: [kot nɔʁ], Quebec French: [kou̯t nɑɔ̯ʁ]; lit. 'North Coast') is an administrative region of Quebec, on the Quebec-Labrador Peninsula, Canada.

The region runs along the St. Lawrence River and then the Gulf of St. Lawrence, from Tadoussac to the limits of Labrador, leaning against the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean to the west, the Côte-Nord penetrates deep into Northern Quebec.

With the motto: Between nature and grandeur, the Côte-Nord is made up of 99% public land, it is the second largest region after Nord-du-Québec, which occupies 51% of Quebec's territory.
Slieve Gallion
Slieve Gallion (Irish: Sliabh gCallann) is a mountain in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It is the easternmost of the Sperrin Mountains. It reaches a height of 528 metres (1,732 ft) and dominates the western shore of Lough Neagh. Its prominent northeastern summit has a transmitter station with a small road leading to it, and stands at a height of 496 metres (1,627 ft).

By road, Slieve Gallion is 4 miles (6.4 km) from Moneymore, 8 miles (13 km) from Cookstown, and 8 miles (13 km) from Magherafelt. The mountain is part of the parishes of Desertmartin, Lissan and Ballinascreen.

Desertmartin (parish)
Desertmartin (from Irish  Díseart Mhartain 'hermitage of St. Martin') is a civil and ecclesiastical parish in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. Containing one major settlement, Desertmartin, it is bordered by the civil parishes of Ballynascreen, Desertlyn, Kilcronaghan, Lissan, Maghera, and Magherafelt. It lies within the former barony of Loughinsholin and is situated in Magherafelt District Council. As a Church of Ireland parish it is within the Diocese of Derry and Raphoe.
Sergei Garmash
Sergei Leonidovich Garmash (Russian: Серге́й Леони́дович Гарма́ш; born 1 September 1958) is a Soviet and Russian film and stage actor. He is a People's Artist of Russia. In 2013 he was a member of the jury at the 35th Moscow International Film Festival.

Leningrad 46
Leningrad 46 (2014) (Russian: Ленинград 46, stylized as ЛЕНИНГРАД ★ 46) is a highly popular Russian television series which revolves around the story of courage, the drama of human destiny, for the first time opening up many pages of post-war life in Leningrad - harsh and sometimes cruel. The city has just survived the siege and is still reeling from hunger, destruction and death. Here, the police conduct a nervous war on crime, cleaning up Leningrad after the war.

The TV series had great success among Russian viewers, with ratings up to 6% as of end of 2015.
Foley Gallery
Foley Gallery is a contemporary art gallery in Manhattan, New York City, owned by Michael Foley. It moved from the Chelsea neighborhood to the Lower East Side in 2014. Among the artists it represents are Joseph Desler Costa, Wyatt Gallery, Sage Sohier, Martin Klimas, Simon Schubert, Henry Leutwyler and Ina Jang. It previously showed work by Rosalind Solomon, Polixeni Papapetrou, Rachell Sumpter and Hank Willis Thomas.

Rosalind Fox Solomon
Rosalind Fox Solomon (April 2, 1930 – June 23, 2025) was an American photographer based in New York City.

In 2007, the University of Arizona's Center for Creative Photography acquired Solomon's archive, which includes her photographic archive, books and video work. In 2019, she received the International Center of Photography's Lifetime Achievement Infinity Award. Her work is held in the collections of the Center for Creative Photography, Museum of Modern Art, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Victoria and Albert Museum, and Die Photographische Sammlung/SK Stiftung Kultur.
At Your Service-Star Power
At Your Service-Star Power is a Philippine television public affairs show broadcast by GMA Network. Originally hosted by Rhea Santos as At Your Service, it premiered on May 1, 2004. It later moved to QTV in November 2005 with Iza Calzado serving as the host. The show concluded in October 2007.

Rhea Santos
Rhea Santos-de Guzman (born June 1, 1979) is a Filipino broadcast journalist and television presenter currently based in Canada. She is known for co-anchoring GMA Network's morning show Unang Hirit and hosting several news and public affairs programs including Reporter's Notebook and Tunay na Buhay. After 19 years of being a broadcast journalist, she left the Philippines to study and eventually resume her profession in Vancouver, Canada.
Informatics Corporation of America
Informatics Corporation of America (ICA) is a privately held health information technology organization headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee. It serves integrated delivery systems (IDNs), health information exchanges (HIEs), individual hospitals, Independent Practice Associations (IPAs), and Regional Health Information Systems (RHIOs). In 2000, some of Vanderbilt University Medical Center's (VUMC) practicing physicians teamed up with informatics professionals to develop two complementary software applications—dubbed StarChart and StarPanel—to aggregate and organise medical data, and to improve communication and clinical decision-making within a single interface.  This technology has allowed VUMC to improve efficiency and communication processes in order to deliver cohesive care across the medical center and its affiliated clinics and physicians' practices.

Regional Health Information Organization
A Regional Health Information Organization (RHIO, pronounced rio), also called a Health Information Exchange Organization, is a multistakeholder organization created to facilitate a health information exchange (HIE) – the transfer of healthcare information electronically across organizations – among stakeholders of that region's healthcare system. The ultimate objective is to improve the safety, quality, and efficiency of healthcare as well as access to healthcare through the efficient application of health information technology.  RHIOs are also intended to support secondary use of clinical data for research as well as institution/provider quality assessment and improvement. RHIO stakeholders include smaller clinics, hospitals, medical societies, major employers and payers.

RHIOs are intended to be key to the proposed US Nationwide Health Information Network (NHIN).
Telefon Point
Telefon Point (62°14′S 58°28′W﻿ / ﻿62.233°S 58.467°W﻿ / -62.233; -58.467) is a point west of the entrance to Admiralty Bay, 2 miles (3.2 km) southwest of Demay Point, King George Island. Named in 1977 by United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) in association with Telefon Rocks, which lie offshore east of this point.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Telefon Point". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Telefon Rocks
Telefon Rocks (62°15′S 58°27′W﻿ / ﻿62.250°S 58.450°W﻿ / -62.250; -58.450) is a group of rocks 1.5 miles (2.4 km) south-southwest of Demay Point, and just east of Telefon Point, at the west side of the entrance to Admiralty Bay, King George Island, in the South Shetland Islands. Named after the Telefon, a vessel which went aground and was abandoned there in 1908.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Telefon Rocks". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
Heavy Metal: F.A.K.K. 2
Heavy Metal: F.A.K.K. 2 is a third-person shooter video game developed by Ritual Entertainment and released for Microsoft Windows in 2000. The sequel to the Heavy Metal 2000 animated film, it stars Julie in her quest to save her home planet of Eden from GITH, an ancient entity seeking to conquer the universe. Using a variety of weapons, Julie must fight off GITH's forces while at the same time uncovering a secret hidden deep within the planet.

F.A.K.K. 2 allows players to pair up and use two weapons at the same time depending on the situation. Players can block enemy attacks and execute powerful combo moves to deal deadly blows to their enemies. The game uses the Quake III Arena engine (modified with Ritual's ÜberTools) and combines action with puzzle-solving. The game was ported to Linux by Loki Software, who had previously ported Quake III Arena to Linux.

Heavy Metal 2000
Heavy Metal 2000, also known as Heavy Metal: F.A.K.K.² outside North America is a 2000 Canadian direct-to-video adult animated science fantasy film produced by Jacques Pettigrew and Michel Lemire, and directed by Michael Coldewey and Lemire. Starring the voices of Michael Ironside, Julie Strain, and Billy Idol, the film is the follow-up to the 1981 animated cult film Heavy Metal, which is based on the fantasy magazine of the same name. The story is based on the graphic novel, The Melting Pot, written by Kevin Eastman, Simon Bisley and Eric Talbot. The film was made by CinéGroupe, a studio based in Montreal, Quebec.  It received generally negative reviews from critics.
Feering Halt railway station
Feering Halt was on the Kelvedon and Tollesbury Light Railway, serving the village of Feering, Essex.

The halt station was opened by the London and North Eastern Railway, which had acquired the Kelvedon and Tollesbury Light Railway upon the 1923 Grouping as part of the Great Eastern Railway.

The halt was closed, along with the rest of the line, on 7 May 1951.

Feering
Feering is a village and civil parish in the Braintree district of Essex, England. The parish is between Colchester and Witham. The village, which lies at the south-west edge of the parish, is conjoined to the neighbouring village of Kelvedon. Within the parish are the hamlets of Stocks Green, Skye Green and Langley Green. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 2,103.
WWTR1
WW domain-containing transcription regulator protein 1 (WWTR1), also known as Transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the WWTR1 gene. WWTR1 acts as a transcriptional coregulator and has no effect on transcription alone. When in complex with transcription factor binding partners, WWTR1 helps promote gene expression in pathways associated with development, cell growth and survival, and inhibiting apoptosis. Aberrant WWTR1 function has been implicated for its role in driving cancers. WWTR1 is often referred to as TAZ due to its initial characterization with the name TAZ. However, WWTR1 (TAZ) is not to be confused with the protein tafazzin, which originally held the official gene symbol TAZ, and is now TAFAZZIN.

YAP1
YAP1 (yes-associated protein 1), also known as YAP or YAP65, is a protein that acts as a transcription coregulator that promotes transcription of genes involved in cellular proliferation and suppressing apoptotic genes. YAP1 is a component in the hippo signaling pathway which regulates organ size, regeneration, and tumorigenesis. YAP1 was first identified by virtue of its ability to associate with the SH3 domain of Yes and Src protein tyrosine kinases. YAP1 is a potent oncogene, which is amplified in various human cancers.
The Affectionate Punch
The Affectionate Punch is the debut studio album by the Scottish post-punk and new wave band the Associates. It was released on 1 August 1980 on the Fiction label.

The song title "Even Dogs in the Wild" became the title of a novel by Scottish mystery writer Ian Rankin, and the song figured briefly in the story.

Billy Mackenzie
William MacArthur Mackenzie (27 March 1957 – 22 January 1997) was a Scottish singer and songwriter, known for his distinctive high tenor voice. He was the co-founder and lead vocalist of the post-punk and pop band the Associates. He also had a brief solo career releasing his debut studio album, Outernational, in 1992, his only solo album released during his lifetime.
Wat Botum
Wat Botum (Khmer: វត្តបទុម, UNGEGN: Vôtt Bâtŭm, ALA-LC: Vatt Padum [ʋɔət ɓɑːtum]; lit. 'Temple of the Lotus Blossoms'), the official name is Wat Botum Vatey Reachavararam (Khmer: វត្តបទុមវតីរាជវរារាម) literally means "The temple of lotus which was built by the king", is a wat (pagoda) located on Phnom Penh, Cambodia. It is to the south of the Royal Palace on the western side of Wat Botum Park. Wat Botum is a Khmer Buddhist pagoda in Phnom Penh, built by King Ponhea Yat (1405-1467) in the 15th century, located south of the Royal Palace of Cambodia. This pagoda is one of the five oldest pagodas in Phnom Penh with ancient origins.

Wat
A wat (Khmer: វត្ត, vôtt [ʋɔət]; Lao: ວັດ, vat [wāt]; Thai: วัด, RTGS: wat [wát]; Tai Lü: 「ᩅᨯ᩠ᨰ」(waD+Dha); Northern Thai: 「ᩅ᩠ᨯ᩶」 (w+Da2), [wa̋t]) is a type of Buddhist and Hindu temple in Cambodia, Laos, East Shan State (Myanmar), Yunnan (China), the Southern Province of Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Arturo Michelena University
The Arturo Michelena University (Spanish: Universidad Arturo Michelena, UAM) is the biggest private university in Valencia, Venezuela. It offers graduate and postgraduate studies in different areas, and has around 20,000 students, mostly coming from the central part of the country. The name comes from the Venezuelan artist Arturo Michelena.

Valencia, Venezuela
Valencia (Spanish pronunciation: [baˈlensja]) is the capital city of Carabobo State and the third-largest city in Venezuela.

The city is an economic hub that contains Venezuela's top industries and manufacturing companies. It is also the largest city in the Valencia-Maracay metropolitan region, which with a population of about 4.5 million is the country's second largest after that of Caracas. Caracas lies some 172 kilometres (107 miles) away to the east.
Madison Cawthorn
David Madison Cawthorn (born August 1, 1995) is an American politician who served as the U.S. representative for North Carolina's 11th congressional district from 2021 to 2023. A member of the Republican Party, Cawthorn describes himself as a constitutional conservative.

After working as a staffer for U.S. Representative Mark Meadows, Cawthorn was elected to succeed Meadows in 2020 and became the first member of Congress born in the 1990s. His tenure was marked by various controversies, including allegations of insider trading, improper payments, bringing a handgun to an airport, and appearing in a leaked nude video. Cawthorn lost renomination in the 2022 Republican primary to Chuck Edwards, who won the general election. In October 2025, Cawthorn announced a campaign to return to Congress, running in Florida's 19th congressional district.

Patrick Henry College
Patrick Henry College (PHC) is a private liberal arts non-denominational conservative Protestant Christian college located in Purcellville, Virginia. Its departments teach classical liberal arts, government, strategic intelligence in national security, economics and business analytics, history, journalism, environmental science and stewardship, and literature. The university has accreditation from the Commission on Colleges of the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS-COC) as of 2022. Patrick Henry College continues to be accredited by the Transnational Association of Christian Colleges and Schools (TRACS), which is also recognized as an institutional accreditor by the United States Department of Education. Its graduation rate is 67%.
Koszki
Koszki [ˈkɔʂkʲi] (Belarusian: Кошкі, Podlachian: Kôški) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Orla, within Bielsk County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

It is in one of five Polish/Belarusian bilingual Gmina in Podlaskie Voivodeship regulated by the Act of 6 January 2005 on National and Ethnic Minorities and on the Regional Languages, which permits certain gminas with significant linguistic minorities to introduce a second, auxiliary language to be used in official contexts alongside Polish.

Gmina Orla
Gmina Orla [ˈɔrla] (Belarusian: Гміна Орля) is a rural gmina (Polish: gmina wiejska) in Bielsk County, Podlaskie Voivodeship. It is located in north-eastern Poland.

It is one of five Polish/Belarusian bilingual Gmina in Podlaskie Voivodeship regulated by the Act of 6 January 2005 on National and Ethnic Minorities and on the Regional Languages, which permits certain gminas with significant linguistic minorities to introduce a second, auxiliary language to be used in official contexts alongside Polish.
Burnaby North Secondary School
Burnaby North Secondary School is a public secondary school in Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada, with more than 2,000 students, and is part of Burnaby School District 41. Founded in 1922, the school serves students in Grades 8 through 12 and is located at 751 Hammarskjold Drive, adjacent to Kensington Park. The school offers Advanced Placement (AP) and honours courses.

The school offers academic programs alongside extracurricular activities including athletics, music, and student leadership. Its music program includes the Viking Band, which has performed at events such as the Calgary Stampede parade.

Andrea Bang
Andrea Bang (born 2 May 1989) is a Canadian actress and screenwriter from Burnaby, British Columbia. She is best known for playing  Janet Kim in the CBC comedy Kim's Convenience, for which she was nominated three times at the Canadian Screen Awards. She has appeared in A Million Little Things, Fresh and Running with Violet.
War, West Virginia
War is a city in McDowell County, West Virginia, United States. The population was 690 at the 2020 census. War was incorporated in 1920 by the Circuit Court of McDowell County. Its name is derived from War Creek, whose confluence with Dry Fork is located within the city. War is the only place in the United States with this name. War was formerly known as Miner's City.

Dry Fork (Tug Fork tributary)
The Dry Fork is a 47.7-mile-long (76.8 km) tributary of the Tug Fork, belonging to the Ohio River watershed. The river is located in McDowell County, West Virginia, and Tazewell County, Virginia, in the United States.  The mouth of the Dry Fork into the Tug Fork is located at Iaeger.
Joe McPhee
Joe McPhee (born November 3, 1939) is an American jazz multi-instrumentalist who plays the tenor, alto, and soprano saxophone, the trumpet, the flugelhorn and the valve trombone. Although born in Miami, Florida, McPhee grew up in Poughkeepsie, New York. He is most notable for his free jazz work done from the late 1960s to the present day.

Nihilist Spasm Band
The Nihilist Spasm Band (NSB) is a Canadian noise band formed in 1965 in London, Ontario, by Hugh McIntyre, John Clement, John Boyle, Bill Exley, Murray Favro, Archie Leitch, Art Pratten, and Greg Curnoe. The term "spasm band" refers to a band that uses homemade instruments.

Leitch has since retired, Curnoe was struck and killed by a pickup truck while cycling in 1992. Aya Ohnishi (a Japanese fan who organized NSB tours of Japan) joined the band on drums starting in 1999. McIntyre died of heart failure in 2004. Bill Exley died in July of 2025.

The Nihilist Spasm Band have been cited as the longest running self-described "noise" band and an influence on Sonic Youth, Negativland, and Einstürzende Neubauten.
I Dreamed of Africa
I Dreamed of Africa is a 2000 American biographical-drama film directed by Hugh Hudson, starring Kim Basinger. It also stars Vincent Perez, Eva Marie Saint, Garrett Strommen, Liam Aiken and Daniel Craig. It is based on the autobiographical novel I Dreamed of Africa by Kuki Gallmann, an Italian writer who moved to Kenya and became involved in conservation. It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2000 Cannes Film Festival. This film was both a commercial and critical failure.

Hugh Hudson
Hugh Hudson (25 August 1936 – 10 February 2023) was an English film director. He is known for directing the 1981 Academy Award and BAFTA Award Best Picture Chariots of Fire, after beginning his career making documentaries and television commercials. He continued to direct commercials while making films, which included the British Airways face advertisement from 1989 made in collaboration with London-based advertising agency Saatchi & Saatchi.
Pasqualina Napoletano
Pasqualina Napoletano (born 28 September 1949) is an Italian politician and Member of the European Parliament for the Central region with the Democrats of the Left, a Vice-Chairwoman of the Socialist Group, and sits on the European Parliament's Committee on International Trade.

She is a substitute for the Committee on Foreign Affairs.

Democrats of the Left
The Democrats of the Left (Italian: Democratici di Sinistra, DS) was a social-democratic political party in Italy. Positioned on the centre-left, the DS, successor of the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS) and the Italian Communist Party, was formed in 1998 upon the merger of the PDS with several minor parties. A member of The Olive Tree coalition, the DS was successively led by Massimo D'Alema, Walter Veltroni, and Piero Fassino, and merged with Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy and a number of minor centre-left parties to form the Democratic Party in October 2007.