hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Guy Schofield
Edward Guy Schofield (10 July 1902 – 14 February 1990) was a British newspaper editor.

Born in Leeds, Schofield attended Leeds Modern School, then began his career in 1918 on the Leeds Mercury, before moving to the Daily Dispatch and the Evening Chronicle.  In 1931, he transferred to the Evening Standard as Chief Sub Editor, then in 1938 he began his editorial career, on the Yorkshire Evening News.  He edited the Evening News from 1942 to 1950, and then the Daily Mail until 1955, serving on the Press Council for the last two years.

In 1955, Schofield left journalism to become Director of Publicity for the Conservative Party.  He served on the boards of directors of various newspaper groups until 1982. His special interest was theology and the history of Christianity and he published several books on this subject and the newspaper industry.

The Evening News (London newspaper)
The Evening News, earlier styled as The Evening News, and from 1889 to 1894 The Evening News and Post, was an evening newspaper published in London from 1881 to 1980, reappearing briefly in 1987. It became highly popular under the control of the Harmsworth brothers. For a long time it maintained the largest daily sale of any evening newspaper in London. After financial struggles and falling sales, it was eventually merged with its long-time rival the Evening Standard in 1980. The newspaper was revived for an eight-month period in 1987.
Nammo
Nammo, short for Nordic Ammunition Company, is a Norwegian-Finnish aerospace and defence group specialized in production of ammunition, rocket engines and space applications. The company has subsidiaries in Finland, Germany, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Spain, the United Kingdom, the Republic of Ireland, and the United States. The company ownership is evenly split between the Norwegian government (represented by the Norwegian Ministry of Trade, Industry and Fisheries) and the Finnish defence company Patria. The company has its headquarters in Raufoss, Norway.

The company has four business units: Small and Medium Caliber Ammunition, Large Caliber Systems, Aerospace Propulsion, and Commercial Ammunition.

Ministry of Trade and Industry (Norway)
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Trade and Industry (Norwegian: Nærings- og handelsdepartementet) was a Norwegian ministry responsible for business, trade and industry.

It was first created in 1916, as the Ministry of Trade (Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Trade, Shipping and Industry). It took its final name in 1997. The department must report to the legislature, Storting.

On 1 January 2014, the ministry was dissolved and the minister portfolio was incorporated into the new Ministry of Trade, Industry and Fisheries.
Colonial School District (Delaware)
The Colonial School District is a public school district serving New Castle Hundred, Delaware. The district offices are located at 318 East Basin Road, in Wilmington Manor, with a New Castle postal address. The superintendent as of 2020 is Dr. Jeffrey Menzer, Ed. D.

In addition to New Castle and Wilmington Manor it includes Delaware City, Port Penn, St. Georges,  portions of Wilmington, and half of Bear. Of the four territorial school districts to serve Wilmington, Colonial is the only one which does not operate schools in the Wilmington city limits.

Saint Georges, Delaware
Saint Georges is an unincorporated town and former municipality situated on the Chesapeake and Delaware Canal in New Castle County, Delaware, United States, approximately midway between the Delaware River and Chesapeake Bay.
Darboux integral
In real analysis, the Darboux integral is constructed using Darboux sums and is one possible definition of the integral of a function. Darboux integrals are equivalent to Riemann integrals, meaning that a function is Darboux-integrable if and only if it is Riemann-integrable, and the values of the two integrals, if they exist, are equal. The definition of the Darboux integral has the advantage of being easier to apply in computations or proofs than that of the Riemann integral. Consequently, introductory textbooks on calculus and real analysis often develop Riemann integration using the Darboux integral, rather than the true Riemann integral.  Moreover, the definition is readily extended to defining Riemann–Stieltjes integration.  Darboux integrals are named after their inventor, Gaston Darboux (1842–1917).

Real analysis
In mathematics, the branch of real analysis studies the behavior of real numbers, sequences and series of real numbers, and real functions. Some particular properties of real-valued sequences and functions that real analysis studies include convergence, limits, continuity, smoothness, differentiability and integrability.

Real analysis is distinguished from complex analysis, which deals with the study of complex numbers and their functions.
Bodie Creek Suspension Bridge
The Bodie Creek Suspension Bridge in the Falkland Islands is one of the southernmost suspension bridges in the world. It was built in 1925, from a kit fabricated in England by David Rowell & Co., in order to shorten the distance sheep needed to be driven from southern Lafonia to the shearing sheds in Goose Green.

David Rowell & Co.
David Rowell & Co. was a company based in Westminster, London that fabricated wrought iron and wire rope, built suspension footbridges, and structural steel frame buildings. They were established in 1855 and closed in 1970.
Kōki Miyata
Kōki Miyata (宮田 幸季, Miyata Kōki; born October 9, 1972 in Yokohama) is a Japanese voice actor who works for 81 Produce. He was formerly credited as Harunori Miyata (宮田 始典, Miyata Harunori). He made his radio CM narration debut on 2 March 1993.

81 Produce
81 Produce (株式会社81プロデュース, Kabushiki-gaisha Eitiwan Purodyūsu) is a voice talent management firm in Japan founded on 3 February 1981 (thus the year is the company's namesake). A hybrid CD-ROM featuring voice talent data for members of 81 Produce was released on 19 October 1997. The company is located in Shibuya, Tokyo.
William Jones (college principal)
William Jones (26 February 1676 – 29 November 1725), born Kidwelly, Wales, was Principal of Jesus College, Oxford, from 1720 to 1725. He had previously been a student of the college, obtaining his BA in 1697, his MA in 1700, his BD in 1708 and his DD in 1720.

Kidwelly
Kidwelly (Welsh: Cydweli) is a town and community in Carmarthenshire, southwest Wales, approximately 7 miles (11 km) northwest of the most populous town in the county, Llanelli. At the 2021 census the community had a population of 3,689.

It lies on the River Gwendraeth above Carmarthen Bay. The community includes Mynyddgarreg and Llangadog.
Key Exchange
Key Exchange is a 1985 American romantic comedy film directed by Barnet Kellman and starring Brooke Adams as Lisa. The film is based on a play by Kevin Wade. The film was released by 20th Century Fox on August 14, 1985.

Ben Masters
Benjamin Masters (May 6, 1947 – January 11, 2023) was an American actor who is best known for his portrayal of Julian Crane in daytime drama Passions from July 8, 1999, to the show's final episode on August 7, 2008.
Onkel Toms Hütte (Berlin U-Bahn)
52°27′01″N 13°15′12″E﻿ / ﻿52.45028°N 13.25333°E﻿ / 52.45028; 13.25333

Onkel Toms Hütte (English: Uncle Tom's Cabin) is a Berlin U-Bahn station located in the Zehlendorf district. Since 12 December 2004 it is served by the U3 line.

U3 (Berlin U-Bahn)
U3 is a line on the Berlin U-Bahn created in its current version on 7 May 2018.

The routing is largely the same as the previous U2 until 1993, but it runs from Krumme Lanke to Wittenbergplatz. The route was renumbered to U1 from 1993 to 2004. It was extended one station further east to Nollendorfplatz to enable trains to be reversed and to allow one-stop transfer to the U4 in 2003. On 7 May 2018, the U3 was extended to run with the U1 all the way to Warschauer Straße.
Vyond
GoAnimate, Inc., doing business as Vyond since 2018, is an American privately held software company based in San Mateo, California. Founded in 2007 by Alvin Hung, the company operates a cloud-based video creation platform oriented towards businesses and enterprises, including an animated video maker known as Vyond Studio, the company's flagship and most-well-known product and an evolution of the company's original Flash-based video maker, and an AI-powered instant video maker known as Vyond Go.

San Mateo, California
San Mateo is the most populous city in San Mateo County, California, United States, on the San Francisco Peninsula. It is part of the San Francisco Bay Area metropolitan region, and is located about 20 miles (32 km) south of San Francisco. San Mateo borders Burlingame to the north, Hillsborough to the west, San Francisco Bay and Foster City to the east and Belmont to the south. The population was 105,661 at the 2020 census.  Some of the biggest economic drivers for the city include technology, health care and education.
On Fertile Lands
On Fertile Lands (Turkish: Bereketli Topraklar Üzerinde) is a 1980 Turkish drama film, directed by Erden Kıral based on a story by Orhan Kemal, featuring Tuncel Kurtiz as the head of a group of day labourers looking for work in the Çukurova region. "The story," according to Rekin Teksoy, "became a legend about village farm labourers, their merciless conditions, their hopes, their pain and their goldenhearts." It won Grand Jury Prize for Best Screenplay at the Strasbourg Film Festival and two Golden Oranges at the 18th Antalya Golden Orange Film Festival.

Erden Kıral
Erden Kıral (10 April 1942 – 17 July 2022) was a Turkish film director and screenwriter. He directed 12 films from 1978 on. His 1979 film, The Canal, was entered into the 11th Moscow International Film Festival, and his 1983 film, A Season in Hakkari, was entered into the 33rd Berlin International Film Festival, where it won the Silver Bear – Special Jury Prize. Five years later, his  film, Hunting Time, was entered into the 38th Berlin International Film Festival. He was of Georgian descent through his mother.
Alberto Ullastres
Alberto Ullastres (15 January 1914 – 15 November 2001) was Spain's trade minister (1957–1965) and ambassador to the European Economic Community (1965–1976) under Francisco Franco. Ullastres was part of the so-called "Opusdeistas" – ministers under Franco who were also members of the Opus Dei organisation.

Permanent Representative of Spain to the European Union
The ambassador permanent representative of Spain to the European Union is the official representative of the Kingdom of Spain to the institutions of the European Union. As such, it is the official responsible for carrying out the guidelines established by the Minister of Foreign Affairs or, by delegation, by the Secretary of State for the European Union.
Della Butcher
Della Butcher (24 April 1922 – 11 January 1993) was an art gallery owner and an avid patron of Singapore art, noted for her lifetime of work supporting Singaporean artists and making it an international name.

Ong Kim Seng
Ong Kim Seng (Chinese: 王金成; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Ông Kim-sêng; pinyin: Wáng Jīnchéng) is a self-taught Singaporean watercolor artist. Since 1985, he has participated in group and solo exhibitions at Singapore and in the United States, China, United Kingdom, Japan, Australia, Belgium, Federal Republic of Germany, France, Middle East, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and the ASEAN countries.

Ong is the first and only Singaporean to have won six awards by the prestigious 138-year-old American Watercolor Society (AWS), of which he was conferred membership in 1992. He is also the only Asian artist outside the US to be admitted into AWS.
Discovery Canyon Campus
Discovery Canyon Campus (DCC) is a pre-kindergarten-12 school in Academy School District 20 in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States. The campus is primarily dedicated to STEM courses. The campus serves the far north of Colorado Springs and is located off of the North Gate of the United States Air Force Academy.

The campus was opened in the fall of 2005 to 5th and 6th grade students. In the fall of 2006, this was expanded to grades PK-7. In 2007, 8th and 9th were opened, and the first graduating class of DCC walked across the stage four years later in May 2011.

The school offers the IB Primary Years Program, IB Middle Years Program, IB Career-related Program, and IB Diploma Program. DCC became an International Baccalaureate World School in May 2008.

The campus was designed by Antoine Predock.

Academy School District 20
Academy District 20 is a school district located in El Paso County, Colorado. It is in the northern part of Colorado Springs, Colorado and the area surrounding the Air Force Academy.

In addition to USAFA, the district includes sections of Colorado Springs as well as the Gleneagle census-designated place, much of the Black Forest CDP, and a small piece of Monument.
Arcade (film)
Arcade is a 1993 B-movie science fiction film directed by Albert Pyun, written by David S. Goyer and produced by Full Moon Entertainment. It stars Megan Ward, Peter Billingsley, John de Lancie, Sharon Farrell, Seth Green, A. J. Langer, and Bryan Dattilo.

Peter Billingsley
Peter Billingsley (born April 16, 1971), also known as Peter Michaelsen and Peter Billingsley-Michaelsen, is an American actor and filmmaker. He is best known for portraying Ralphie Parker in A Christmas Story and A Christmas Story Christmas. He also played Jack Simmons in The Dirt Bike Kid, Billy in Death Valley, and Messy Marvin in a series of commercials for Hershey's Syrup in the 1980s. While an infant, he began acting in television commercials.
Nathan Aspinall
Nathan Paul Aspinall (born 15 July 1991) is an English professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events, where he is ranked world number fourteen; he reached a peak ranking of world number four in 2024. Nicknamed "the Asp", he has won two PDC major televised titles: the UK Open in 2019 and the World Matchplay in 2023. Aspinall has won a total of 11 PDC titles in his professional career, including three European Tour titles on the 2025 PDC Pro Tour. He won his first World Series of Darts title at the 2019 US Darts Masters.

In the PDC World Darts Championship, Aspinall is a two-time semi-finalist with back-to-back semi-final appearances in 2019 and 2020.

2025 PDC Pro Tour
The 2025 PDC Pro Tour was a series of non-televised darts tournaments organised by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). Players Championships and European Tours are the events that make up the Pro Tour. The 2025 calendar consisted of 34 Players Championship events and 14 European Tour events, as well as 24 events for each of the PDC's secondary tours—the Challenge Tour, Development Tour and Women's Series.
Organic laser
An organic laser is a laser which uses an organic (carbon based) material as the gain medium.  The first organic laser was the liquid dye laser.  These lasers use laser dye solutions as their gain media.

Organic lasers are inherently tunable and when configured as optimized multiple-prism grating laser oscillators can yield efficient single-transverse mode, and single-longitudinal-mode, emission with laser linewidths as narrow as 350 MHz (approximately 0.0004 nm at a wavelength of 590 nm), in the high-power pulsed regime.

Laser dye
A Laser dye is a dye used as laser medium in a dye laser.

Laser dyes include the coumarins and the rhodamines.  Coumarin dyes emit in the green region of the spectrum, whereas rhodamine dyes are used for emission in the yellow-red.  The color emitted by the laser dyes depend upon the surrounding medium i.e.the medium in which they are dissolved. However, there are dozens of laser dyes that can be used to span continuously the emission spectrum from the near ultraviolet to the near infrared.

Laser dyes are also used to dope solid-state matrices, such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and ORMOSILs, to provide gain media for solid state dye lasers.
Eloise Jones (politician)
Eloise May Jones (née Shaver; September 7, 1917 – March 8, 2004) was a Canadian politician who represented the electoral district of Saskatoon in the House of Commons of Canada from 1964 to 1965.

She won the seat in a by-election on June 22, 1964, following the death of Henry Jones, her husband and the district's incumbent Member of Parliament. She defeated Liberal candidate Sidney Buckwold, a mayor of Saskatoon who had also lost to Henry Jones in the 1963 election. She sat as a member of the Progressive Conservative caucus.

Jones did not stand for reelection in the 1965 election, returning instead to her work as a psychiatrist.

Sidney Buckwold
Sidney Labe Buckwold, OC (November 3, 1916 – June 27, 2001) was a Canadian politician, soldier, and businessman. From 1958 until 1963, and 1967 until 1971, Buckwold served as a mayor of Saskatoon. On November 4th, 1971, he was appointed to the Senate of Canada.
Richard Cunningham Patterson Jr.
Richard Cunningham Patterson Jr. (1886–1966) was an American government official and diplomat. Patterson was born in Omaha, Nebraska, the son of Richard Cunningham Patterson, an attorney, and Martha Belle Neiswanger. After working as a laborer in the gold mines of South Dakota and a year at the University of Nebraska, he received an engineer of mines degree at Columbia University’s School of Mines in 1912.

Patterson was the U.S. ambassador to Yugoslavia (1944–1946), Guatemala (1948–1951), and U.S. Minister to Switzerland (1951–53). While ambassador to Guatemala, he popularized the term duck test.

Amid charges in Guatemala that Patterson was intervening in Guatemala's internal affairs, and rumors that Patterson's life was in danger, Patterson hurriedly departed for the United States on March 28, 1950. His mission in Guatemala was terminated on April 24, 1951, when a new ambassador, Rudolf E. Schoenfeld, presented his credentials.

Duck test
The duck test is a frequently cited colloquial example of abductive reasoning. Its usual expression is:

If it looks like a duck, swims like a duck, and quacks like a duck, then it probably is a duck.

The test implies that a person can identify an unknown subject by observing that subject's habitual characteristics. It is sometimes used to counter abstract arguments that something might not be what it appears to be.
Chris Johnson (boxer)
Chris Omar Johnson (born August 8, 1971) is a Jamaican-born boxer, who won a middleweight bronze medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics for Canada. He won the middleweight gold medal at the 1990 Commonwealth Games.  He was inducted into Boxing Canada’s Hall of Fame, Class of 2019.

Johnson was raised in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada with his three brothers, Greg, Wayne, and Kevin, and 2 sisters, Angelina, and Necoal.

Johnson trained IBF Junior Featherweight World Champion, Steve "The Canadian Kid" Molitor, in addition to notable boxers such as Andrew Singh Kooner, and Natalie "Too Bad" Brown. In 2014, the Toronto Star profiled Michael Brandon, one of his boxers.

Kitchener, Ontario
Kitchener is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario, about 100 km (62 mi) west of Toronto. It is one of three cities that make up the Regional Municipality of Waterloo and is the regional seat. Kitchener was known as Berlin until a 1916 referendum changed its name. The city covers an area of 136.86 km2, and had a population of 256,885 at the time of the 2021 Canadian census.

The Regional Municipality of Waterloo has 673,910 people as of year-end 2023, making it the 10th-largest census metropolitan area (CMA) in Canada and the fourth-largest CMA in Ontario. Kitchener and Waterloo are considered "twin cities", which are often referred to jointly as "Kitchener–Waterloo" (K–W), although they have separate municipal governments.
Sydney Alpha Ensemble
Sydney Alpha Ensemble is an Australian contemporary music ensemble.

In October 1996 and February 1997 they, along with Georges Lentz and Stephanie McCallum, recorded a series of compositions by Elena Kats-Chernin. The recordings, conducted by David Stanhope, were released as an album, Clocks in 1997 by ABC Classics. It received a nomination at the 1998 ARIA Music Awards for Best Classical Album.

1998 ARIA Music Awards
The 12th Australian Recording Industry Association Music Awards (generally known as the ARIA Music Awards or simply The ARIAs) was held on 20 October 1998 at the Capitol Theatre in Sydney. Presenters, including Democrats deputy leader Natasha Stott Despoja and former prime minister Gough Whitlam, distributed 29 awards with the big winner Natalie Imbruglia receiving six trophies.

In addition to previous categories, a new category Best Rock Album, was presented to the Superjesus for Sumo. An Outstanding Achievement Award was presented to Savage Garden for "world sales of 8 million and counting." The ARIA Hall of Fame inducted: the Angels and the Masters Apprentices.
Argyria
Argyria or argyrosis is a condition caused by excessive exposure to chemical compounds of the element silver, or silver dust. The most dramatic symptom of argyria is that the skin turns blue or blue-gray, and is usually most prominent in sun-exposed areas of the skin. It may take the form of generalized argyria or local argyria. Generalized argyria affects large areas over much of the visible surface of the body. Local argyria shows in limited regions of the body, such as patches of skin, parts of the mucous membrane, or the conjunctiva.

The terms argyria and argyrosis have long been used interchangeably, with argyria being used more frequently. Argyrosis has been used particularly in referring to argyria of the conjunctiva, but the usage has never been consistent and cannot be relied on except where it has been explicitly specified. The term is from the Ancient Greek: ἄργυρος (argyros, 'silver').

Blue-gray
Blue-gray (also blue-grey in British English) is a medium blue-gray color on the cool side of the color wheel. The name blue-gray was introduced by Crayola for a crayon color used from 1958 to 1990. The complementary color is #CC9966, a warm khaki or brown.

It has historically been called livid, from the Latin lividus, meaning "a dull leaden-blue color". The word entered English in the fifteenth century, first in medical use to describe the bluish-gray discoloration of bruised or damaged flesh, the condition also expressed in the phrase "black and blue". The familiar modern sense of livid meaning furiously angry developed later, via the intermediate sense of a face turning pale or ashen with rage.

There is a wide range of named blue-gray or livid shades, including steel blue, glaucous, cadet grey, and Payne's grey, among others. The color appears in nature, culture, and military uniform traditions around the world.
Polańczyk
Polańczyk [pɔˈlaɲt͡ʂɨk] is a village in Lesko County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland.

It was first mentioned in 1580. Its name comes from the West Slavic word polana, meaning "glade". It is a spa village that lies near the shores of Lake Solina and is a popular area for tourists visiting the lake.

Lake Solina
Lake Solina (Polish: Jezioro Solińskie)  is an artificial lake in the Bieszczady Mountains region, in Lesko County of the Subcarpathian Voivodship, Poland. Created in 1968, it is Poland's largest artificial lake as well as a major tourist attraction of the region. The Solina Dam constructed in order to create the lake is also Poland's tallest dam and is used to produce hydroelectric power.