hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Olga Samaroff
Olga Samaroff (born Lucy Mary Agnes Hickenlooper; August 8, 1880 – May 17, 1948) was an American pianist, music critic, and teacher. Among her teachers was Charles-Valentin Alkan's son, Élie-Miriam Delaborde. Her second husband was the conductor Leopold Stokowski.

Samaroff was also a prominent member of the Philadelphia Art Alliance.

Philadelphia Art Alliance
The Philadelphia Art Alliance at University of the Arts was a multidisciplinary arts center located in the Rittenhouse Square section of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was the oldest multidisciplinary arts center in the United States for visual, literary and performing arts.  In June 2024 the Alliance's parent institution, the University of the Arts, abruptly closed.
Jace Richdale
Jace Richdale is an American producer and writer. He served as co-executive producer for seasons 5 and 6 of The Simpsons and wrote the season five episode "Burns' Heir". He was a part of the Simpsons writing staff during seasons 5, 6, 9 and 10. Other writing credits include Dexter, Family Ties, Get a Life, and The Oblongs. He has also produced episodes of The Oblongs, Oliver Beene, and the movie Wiener Park.

He was married to fellow writer Jennifer Crittenden for three years; they separated in 1998.  He is now married to Allegra Growdon.

In 2012, Richdale was nominated for the Writers Guild of America Award for Best Screenplay – Episodic Drama for his writing for the episode "Just Let Go" for the sixth season of Dexter.

Jennifer Crittenden
Jennifer Crittenden (born 1968 or 1969) is an American screenwriter and producer. She started her writing career on the animated television series The Simpsons, and has since written for several other television sitcoms including Everybody Loves Raymond, Seinfeld and Veep. Her work has earned her several Emmy Award nominations.
I.G. Brown Air National Guard Training and Education Center
The I.G. Brown Training and Education Center is a detachment of the Air National Guard Readiness Center and is located at McGhee Tyson Air National Guard Base near Knoxville, Tennessee. The TEC conducts an average of 16 Enlisted Professional Military Education courses and 40 Professional Continuing Education sessions throughout the year. Typically, the TEC accommodates 11,000 service members on campus annually from the Total Force, United States Coast Guard, and partner nation armed forces. TEC also manages the ANG's Warrior Network; a $7 m satellite broadcast enterprise with more than 186 downlink sites, providing training, education and command information nationwide. In addition, the studio and multimedia facilities support ANG video productions, senior leader conferences and general-to-career field-specific training.

McGhee Tyson Air National Guard Base
McGhee Tyson Air National Guard Base (IATA: TYS, ICAO: KTYS, FAA LID: TYS) is a joint military facility located at McGhee Tyson Airport.  It is located approximately 10 miles (16 km) south of the central business district of Knoxville, near Alcoa, Tennessee. It was the site of McGhee Tyson Air Force Base from 1952 until 1960.
Hawston
Hawston is a village in the Western Cape, South Africa, It is a fishing village north-east of Mudge Point, 5 km north-west of Onrusrivier and 11 km from Hermanus. It is named after C.R. Haw, a civil commissioner of Caledon.

Located in the Overstrand Local Municipality, about an hour from Cape Town, it is located between Fisherhaven and Vermont, Western Cape, and is close to Hermanus.

Overstrand Local Municipality
Overstrand Municipality (Afrikaans: Overstrand Munisipaliteit; Xhosa: uMasipala wase Overstrand) is a local municipality in the Western Cape province of South Africa. It is located along the Atlantic coast between Cape Town and Cape Agulhas, within the Overberg District Municipality. The principal towns in the municipality are Hermanus, Gansbaai and Kleinmond. As of 2022, it had a population of 132,495.
Carolina Thunderbirds
The Carolina Thunderbirds were a professional ice hockey team located in Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States.  The Thunderbirds played their home games at the old Winston-Salem Memorial Coliseum before the arena was demolished in 1989. The team played in the Atlantic Coast Hockey League from 1981 to 1987, the All-American Hockey League during 1987–88 and finally moved into the newly created East Coast Hockey League in 1988.

The Carolina Thunderbirds were one of five teams that played during the inaugural season of East Coast Hockey League (ECHL). The Thunderbirds won the first ever ECHL championship and were awarded the Riley Cup for the 1988–89 ECHL season.

The team changed its name to the Winston-Salem Thunderbirds before the start of 1989–90 season and the team remained in the ECHL until the end of the 1991–92 season when it was announced by co-owner Ed Broyhill that Winston-Salem would move to West Virginia to play as the Wheeling Thunderbirds.

Bill Coffey
Bill Coffey is a businessman and minor league sports entrepreneur. He is one of the founders of the ECHL (formerly known as the East Coast Hockey League). Founded in 1988, the ECHL is a minor professional ice hockey league that serves as a development league for the NHL. The ECHL iced 20 teams during the 2009–10 season.

Coffey is also the founder of the Atlantic Coast Hockey League (ACHL) - where he served as the league's president; and he is the director of hockey operations for the Southern Professional Hockey League (SPHL). Coffey has been the owner of several minor league ice hockey teams.
International Academy of Philosophy of Science
The International Academy for Philosophy of Science, better known as the Académie Internationale de Philosophie des Sciences (AIPS) is an international organization located in Brussels, which promotes fundamental issues of philosophy of science in an open interdisciplinary dialogue. Its members are philosophers of science or leading experts in sciences interested in philosophical questions.

Benedikt Löwe
Benedikt Löwe
MAE
(born 1972) is a German mathematician and logician working at the
universities of Hamburg and Cambridge.
He is known for his work on mathematical logic and the foundations of mathematics, as well as for initiating the interdisciplinary conference series Foundations of the Formal Sciences (FotFS; 1999–2013) and Computability in Europe (CiE; since 2005).
Cahit Arf
Cahit Arf (Turkish: [dʒaːhit aɾf]; 24 October 1910 – 26 December 1997) was a Turkish mathematician. He is known for the Arf invariant of a quadratic form in characteristic 2 (applied in knot theory  and surgery theory) in  topology, the Hasse–Arf theorem in ramification theory, Arf semigroups and Arf rings.

Middle East Technical University
Middle East Technical University (commonly referred to as METU; in Turkish, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, ODTÜ) is a public research university located in Ankara, Turkey.

The university offers 41 undergraduate programs across five faculties and 105 master's and 70 doctoral programs through five graduate schools. The main campus of METU spans an area of 11,100 acres (4,500 ha), comprising, in addition to academic and auxiliary facilities, a forest area of 7,500 acres (3,000 ha), and the natural Lake Eymir. METU has more than 120,000 alumni worldwide. The official language of instruction at METU is English.

METU had the greatest share in national research funding by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) in the last five years. Over 40% of METU's undergraduate alumni choose to pursue graduate studies.
AAA and USAC Stock Car
The USAC Stock Car division was the stock car racing class sanctioned by the United States Auto Club (USAC). The division raced nationally; drivers from USAC's open wheel classes like Indy cars, Silver Crown, sprints, and midgets frequently competed in races and won championships. Several NASCAR drivers raced in USAC Stock Cars at various points in their careers.

In the late 1950s, USAC Stock Cars rivaled NASCAR stock cars with races throughout the Midwestern and Northeastern United States. NASCAR owners Holman-Moody found racing in USAC Stock Cars to be appealing because of USAC's ties to the Indianapolis 500.

Joe Ruttman
Raymond Joseph Ruttman (born October 28, 1944) is an American former stock car racing driver who competed in NASCAR's Sprint Cup Series, Nationwide Series, and Camping World Truck Series. With thirteen career wins in the Truck Series, he is currently tied for thirteenth on the all-time wins list with Mike Bliss (as of October 13, 2021). He is the younger brother of Troy Ruttman.
Fixed-point iteration
In numerical analysis, fixed-point iteration is a method of computing fixed points of a function.

More specifically, given a function  defined on the real numbers with real values and given a point  in the domain of , the fixed-point iteration is

which gives rise to the sequence  of iterated function applications  which is hoped to converge to a point . If  is continuous, then one can prove that the obtained  is a fixed point of , i.e.,

More generally, the function  can be defined on any metric space with values in that same space.

Iterated function
In mathematics, an iterated function is a function that is obtained by composing another function with itself two or several times. The process of repeatedly applying the same function is called iteration. In this process, starting from some initial object, the result of applying a given function is fed again into the function as input, and this process is repeated.

For example, on the image on the right:

Iterated functions are studied in computer science, fractals, dynamical systems, mathematics and renormalization group physics.
2006 Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia leadership election
The Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia leadership election of 2006 was held on February 11, 2006 to select a replacement for John Hamm, as Premier of Nova Scotia and leader of the Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia.

Rodney MacDonald
Rodney Joseph MacDonald (born January 2, 1972) is a Canadian politician, educator and musician who served as the 26th premier of Nova Scotia from 2006 to 2009 and as MLA for the riding of Inverness in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1999 to 2009.
Edina, Minnesota
Edina (locally /iːˈdaɪnə/ ⓘ ee-DY-nə, /ɪˈdaɪnə/ ih-DY-nə) is a city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States and a first-ring suburb of Minneapolis. The population was 53,494 at the 2020 census, making it the 18th most populous city in Minnesota.

Edina began as a small farming and milling community along Minnehaha Creek in the 1860s and became one of Minneapolis's first incorporated suburbs in 1888. After years of being a streetcar suburb, Edina saw expanded development as a car-centric suburb in the 1950s and 1960s.

The city is known for its shopping, parks, and high quality of life and also has the nation's oldest indoor mall, the Southdale Center.

Interstate 494
Interstate 494 (I-494) is an auxiliary Interstate Highway making up part of a beltway of I-94, circling through the southern and western portions of the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area in Minnesota. The 42.94-mile (69.11 km) road is coupled with I-694 (which circles the northern edge of the Twin Cities metro area) at each end and composes more than half of the major beltway of the region. I-694/I-494 also act as loop routes for I-35E and I-35W.

The speed limit on I-494 is 60 mph (97 km/h). Interstate Highways outside of the loop in Minnesota may be signed as high as 70 mph (110 km/h). Most highways inside the loop are signed at speeds of 55 mph (89 km/h) or lower, though a few exceptions were added in September 2005, allowing speeds of up to 60 mph (97 km/h) in some places. Those roads had been signed at 60 mph (97 km/h) or higher up until the 1973 oil crisis.
Somerset Passenger Solutions
Somerset Passenger Solutions is the trading name of bus and coach operator based in Bridgwater, Somerset, England. Originally set up as a joint venture with JJP Holdings South West, it is now a wholly owned subsidiary of FirstGroup's Specialist Passenger Solutions.

Wright StreetDeck
The Wright StreetDeck is an integral double-decker bus manufactured by Wrightbus since 2014, originally delivered as standard with a Daimler OM934 diesel engine. Hybrid-electric, full-electric and hydrogen-powered variants have subsequently been produced. Production of the StreetDeck range was briefly suspended when Wrightbus entered administration in September 2019.
Richard Walsh (Irish politician)
Richard Walsh (1889 – 4 December 1957) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician. In 1913 Richard Walsh and Michael Kilroy were the main organizers of the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) in south and western Mayo. He was first elected to Dáil Éireann as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Mayo South constituency at the September 1927 general election. He was re-elected at each subsequent election until he lost his Dáil seat at the 1943 general election, he was, however, elected to the 4th Seanad for the Administrative Panel in 1943 Seanad election.

He regained his Dáil seat at the 1944 general election and remained a member of the lower house until his retirement in 1951.

1944 Irish general election
The 1944 Irish general election to the 12th Dáil was held on Tuesday, 30 May, having been called on 10 May by President Douglas Hyde on the advice of Taoiseach Éamon de Valera. The general election took place in 34 parliamentary constituencies for 138 seats in Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas. Fianna Fáil won an overall majority. The outgoing 11th Dáil was dissolved on 7 June.

The 12th Dáil met at Leinster House on 9 June to nominate the Taoiseach for appointment by the president and to approve the appointment of a new government of Ireland on the nomination of the Taoiseach. Outgoing Taoiseach Éamon de Valera was re-appointed leading a single-party Fianna Fáil government.
Harry Olmer
Harry Olmer MBE (born Chaim Olmer; 15 November 1927 – 15 January 2026) was a Polish-born British Holocaust survivor, dentist and educator.
He survived multiple Nazi forced-labour and concentration camps, including Płaszów, Skarżysko-Kamienna, Buchenwald, Schlieben, and Terezín.
After the war he was brought to the United Kingdom as one of The Boys, a group of child survivors rehabilitated in the Lake District.
In later life he became a prominent speaker on Holocaust education and was appointed MBE for his work.

The Windermere Children
The Windermere Children is a 2020 British biographical drama television film written by Simon Block and directed by Michael Samuels. Based on the experience of child survivors of the Holocaust, it follows the children and staff of a camp set up on the Calgarth Estate  in Troutbeck Bridge, near Lake Windermere, England, where the survivors were helped to rehabilitate, rebuild their lives, and integrate into the British society. The film was produced by Simon Block as 'executive producer' with Nancy Bornat as factual producer and Ben Evans as development producer. The film first aired on BBC Two in January 2020.
HorsePower: The Museum of the King's Royal Hussars
HorsePower: The Museum of the King's Royal Hussars is a military museum in Winchester, Hampshire, that is dedicated to documenting the King's Royal Hussars, a cavalry regiment of the British Army. The museum is one of the founding members of Winchester's Military Museums, a partnership of six museums located in the Peninsula Barracks, Winchester. The museum contains exhibits spanning three centuries of two of the Royal Hussar regiments; the 10th Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's own) and the 11th Royal Hussars (Prince Albert's own), as well as the Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's own), which became The King's Royal Hussars in 1992.

10th Royal Hussars
The 10th Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own) was a cavalry regiment of the British Army raised in 1715. It saw service for three centuries including the First World War and Second World War but then amalgamated with the 11th Hussars (Prince Albert's Own) to form the Royal Hussars (Prince of Wales's Own) in October 1969.
SBS 4
SBS 4 was a geostationary communications satellite designed and manufactured by Hughes (now Boeing) on the HS-376 platform. It was ordered by Satellite Business Systems, which later sold it to Hughes Communications. It had a Ku band payload and operated at 94°W longitude.

Satellite Business Systems
Satellite Business Systems (SBS) was a company founded by IBM, Aetna, COMSAT (and later wholly purchased by IBM and then subsequently sold to MCI), that provided private professional satellite communications through its SBS fleet of FSS geosynchronous satellites, and was the first company to do so.

SBS was founded on December 15, 1975 by the aforementioned companies with the goal of providing a digital satellite communications network for business and other professional clients.
Lord Sankey's JCPC judgments
This is a list of Lord Sankey's decisions from the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council. Sankey served as the Lord Chancellor from 7 June 1929 – 7 June 1935. Prior to his appointment to the JCPC, Sankey served as Lord Justice of Appeal in 1928 and High Court, King's Bench Division, in 1914.

John Sankey, 1st Viscount Sankey
John Sankey, 1st Viscount Sankey (26 October 1866 – 6 February 1948) was a British lawyer, judge, Labour politician and Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, famous for many of his judgments in the House of Lords. He gave his name to the Sankey Declaration of the Rights of Man (1940).
The Medea of Euripides (radio play)
The Medea of Euripides is a 1954 Austraslian radio play by Ray Mathew. It was his adaptation of Medea by Euripides.

The play was written for Sydney John Kay's Mercury Theatre radio division. Mathews said he "kept, in my very free version, strictly to  the form of Euripides’ play, and I tried by adding and subtracting to bring out for a contemporary audience exactly what I thought was the play's content... , I tried to make the play mean for us what I imagined it meant for the original Greek audience." There was controversy over how much the work was an original by Mathews.

The play was performed on ABC radio in December 1954 with Sybil Thorndike and Lewis Casson in the cast. Their son directed. This was prestigious for an Australian play at the time.

Ray Mathew
Raymond Frank "Ray" Mathew (14 April 1929 – 27 May 2002) was an Australian author. Mathew wrote poetry, drama, radio plays and filmscripts, short stories, novels, arts and literature criticism, and other non-fiction. He left Australia in 1960 and never returned, dying in New York City, where he had lived since 1968.
Utah Symphony
The Utah Symphony is an American orchestra based in Salt Lake City, Utah.  The orchestra's principal venue is Abravanel Hall.  In addition to its Salt Lake City subscription concerts, the orchestra travels around the Intermountain West serving communities throughout Utah.  The orchestra accompanies the Utah Opera in four productions per year at Salt Lake's Capitol Theatre. In addition, the Utah Symphony and Utah Opera have a summer residency at the Deer Valley Music Festival, located in Park City, Utah.  The orchestra receives funding from the Utah State Legislature for educational concerts. The Symphony has a division in Utah Valley that is based out of the Noorda Center for the Performing Arts at Utah Valley University in Orem, Utah.

Abravanel Hall
Abravanel Hall is a concert hall in Salt Lake City, Utah that is home to the Utah Symphony, and is part of the Salt Lake County Arts and Culture.  The hall is an architectural landmark in the city, and is adjacent to Temple Square and the Salt Palace on South Temple Street. The hall can hold up to 2,811 occupants.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2024.
Sabeeha Merchant
Sabeeha Sabanali Merchant (born 1959) is a professor of plant biology at the University of California, Berkeley. She studies the photosynthetic metabolism and metalloenzymes In 2010 Merchant led the team that sequenced the Chlamydomonas genome. She was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2012.

Gilbert Morgan Smith Medal
The Gilbert Morgan Smith Medal is awarded by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences  "in recognition of excellence in published research on marine or freshwater algae." It has been awarded every three years since 1979.
Automobile Information Disclosure Act of 1958
The Automobile Information Disclosure Act of 1958, 15 U.S.C. §§ 1231–1233, was passed in June 1958 by Congress and took effect in January 1959. It was sponsored by Oklahoma Senator Mike Monroney, after whom the resulting "Monroney sticker" was named.

The law has been amended and now requires that all new automobiles carry a sticker on a window containing important information about the vehicle, including:

The manufacturer's suggested retail price (MSRP)

Engine and transmission specifications

Standard equipment and warranty details

Optional equipment and pricing

City and highway fuel economy ratings, as determined by the Environmental Protection Agency

Monroney sticker
The Monroney sticker, window sticker, or Automobile Information Disclosure label is a label required by federal law to be affixed on every new passenger car and light-duty truck sold in the United States. It lists the manufacturer's suggested retail price (MSRP), standard and optional equipment, destination charge, fuel-economy ratings, safety ratings, and certain environmental metrics. The label is named for Senator Mike Monroney (D-Oklahoma), who sponsored the 1958 legislation that created the requirement.
Last of the Amazons
Last of the Amazons is a 2002 novel by Steven Pressfield that recounts the legend of Theseus and the Amazons, set before the threshold of recorded history, a generation before the Trojan War. The novel's theme is the conflict between the nascent Greek civilization and the savage but free Amazons of the Eastern steppes, between men and women, and between love and hate.

The novel covers Theseus's travels to the lands of the Amazons, his elopement with their war queen Antiope, and the war pursued by the Amazons to recover their queen and honor, which leads them to the walls of Athens and to eventual oblivion as a people. Most of the story is told through a series of interlocked flashbacks and recollections by an Athenian girl, Bones; her governess, the captive Amazon Selene; and Bones's uncle Damon, Selene's lover.

In 2002, the year of its publication, the novel was optioned for adaptation as a feature film by James Cameron, but nothing eventually came of it.

Steven Pressfield
Steven Pressfield (born September 1, 1943) is an American author of historical fiction, nonfiction, and screenplays, including his 1995 novel The Legend of Bagger Vance and 2002 nonfiction book The War of Art.
William Holden
William Franklin Holden (né Beedle; April 17, 1918 – November 12, 1981) was an American actor and one of the biggest box-office draws of the 1950s. He won the Academy Award for Best Actor for the film Stalag 17 (1953) and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series or Movie  for The Blue Knight (1973).

Holden starred in some of Hollywood's most popular and critically acclaimed films, including Sunset Boulevard (1950), Sabrina (1954), Picnic (1955), The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957), The Wild Bunch (1969) and Network (1976). He was named one of the "Top 10 Stars of the Year" six times (1954–1958, 1961), and appeared as 25th on the American Film Institute's list of 25 greatest male stars of Classical Hollywood cinema.

William Holden Wildlife Foundation
The William Holden Wildlife Foundation (WHWF) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization based in the United States whose principal project is the William Holden Wildlife Education Center located near Nanyuki, Kenya. The Education Center is dedicated to wildlife conservation and environmental studies for local people, with occasional visits from international groups. The office of the Foundation is located in California, USA.