hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Internal anal sphincter
The internal anal sphincter, IAS, or sphincter ani internus is a ring of smooth muscle that surrounds about 2.5–4.0 cm of the anal canal. It is about 5 mm thick, and is formed by an aggregation of the smooth (involuntary) circular muscle fibers of the rectum.

The internal anal sphincter aids the sphincter ani externus to occlude the anal aperture and aids in the expulsion of the feces. Its action is entirely involuntary. It is normally in a state of continuous maximal contraction to prevent leakage of faeces or gases. Sympathetic stimulation stimulates and maintains the sphincter's contraction, and parasympathetic stimulation inhibits it. It becomes relaxed in response to distention of the rectal ampulla, requiring voluntary contraction of the puborectalis and external anal sphincter to maintain continence, and also contracts during the bulbospongiosus reflex.

Bulbocavernosus reflex
The bulbocavernosus reflex (BCR), bulbospongiosus reflex (BSR) or "Osinski reflex" is a polysynaptic reflex that is useful in testing for spinal shock and gaining information about the state of spinal cord injuries (SCI).   Bulbocavernosus is an older term for bulbospongiosus, thus this reflex may also be referred to as the bulbospongiosus reflex. It was described by Jacques Onanoff in 1890.
Derary
Derary  is a rural commune of the Cercle of Djenné in the Mopti Region of Mali. The commune contains eight villages. The administrative center (chef-lieu) is the village of Gagna. In the 2009 census the commune had a population of 6,558.

Gagna
Gagna (Gáɲàgà) is a village and seat (chef-lieu) of the rural commune of Derary in the Cercle of Djenné in the Mopti Region of southern-central Mali.

Tommo So is spoken in the village. The local surname is Kanambaye.
Wemberma
Wemberma is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Its name comes from the historic district of Wemberma (also transliterated "Wombarma"), which lay north of the Abay River between its tributaries the Zingini and Fatam. Part of West Gojjam Zone Wemberma is bordered on the south by the Abay River which separates it from the Oromia Region and Benishangul-Gumuz Region, on the north by the Agew Awi Zone, and on the east by Bure, Gojjam. The administrative center of Wemberma is Shendi. Wemberma was part of former Bure Wemberma woreda.

Shendi, Ethiopia
Shendi (or Shendi Gebriel) is a town in western Ethiopia. Located in the Mirab Gojjam Zone of the Amhara Region at elevation of 2050 meters above sea level.

In 1964 it was the administrative center of Wemberma and Gwagussa woreda. Records at the Nordic Africa Institute website provide details of a primary school in Shendi during the year 1968.
Leofoo Village Theme Park
The Leofoo Village Theme Park (Chinese: 六福村主題遊樂園; pinyin: Liùfú Cūn Zhǔtí Yóulèyuán) is a theme park and a safari located in Guanxi Township, Hsinchu County, Taiwan. It features three roller coasters, including an inverted shuttle coaster, Screaming Condor, an Intamin twist-and-turn coaster dubbed Sahara Twist, as well as a Vekoma Roller Skater (335m) in the Wild West section of the park, Little Rattler, themed to an old mining railway. There is also the Nairobi Express, a 2 ft (610 mm) narrow gauge railway built by Severn Lamb.  The park features many other attractions of different styles and proper themed areas.

Guanxi, Hsinchu
24°48′N 121°11′E﻿ / ﻿24.800°N 121.183°E﻿ / 24.800; 121.183

Guanxi Township or Guansi Township (Chinese: 關西鎮; pinyin: Guānxi Zhèn) is an urban township in Hsinchu County, Taiwan. The population of the township consists mainly of the Hakkas with a minority of the indigenous Atayal people.
Pijaki
Pijaki [piˈjaki] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Stary Targ, within Sztum County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Stary Targ
Gmina Stary Targ is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sztum County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Stary Targ, which lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) east of Sztum and 61 km (38 mi) south-east of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 141.04 square kilometres (54.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,598.
Aurora Australis (icebreaker)
RSV Aurora Australis was an Australian icebreaker. Built by Carrington Slipways and launched in 1989, the vessel is owned by P&O Maritime Services. It was regularly chartered by the Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) for research cruises in Antarctic waters and to support Australian stations in Antarctica.

As of 2025, the former Aurora Australis is laid up in Vũng Tàu, Vietnam, as Aurora Dubai.

Australian Antarctic Division
The Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) is a division of the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment & Water. The division undertakes science programs and research projects to contribute to an understanding of Antarctica and the Southern Ocean. It conducts and supports collaborative research programs with other Australian and international organisations, such as the Bureau of Meteorology and Geoscience Australia, as well as administering and maintaining a presence in Australian Antarctic and sub-Antarctic territories.

Their website includes articles on the Antarctic wildlife, threats, guidelines and they have blogs written by Australians at the three Australian bases in Antarctica: Mawson, Davis and Casey.
Meinhard, Duke of Carinthia
Meinhard II (c. 1238 – 1 November 1295), a member of the House of Gorizia (Meinhardiner), ruled the County of Gorizia (as Meinhard IV) and the County of Tyrol together with his younger brother Albert from 1258. In 1271 they divided their heritage and Meinhard became sole ruler of Tyrol. In 1286 he was enfeoffed with the Duchy of Carinthia and the adjacent March of Carniola.

Elisabeth of Carinthia, Queen of Germany
Elisabeth of Carinthia (also known as Elisabeth of Tyrol; c. 1262 – 28 October 1312), was a Duchess of Austria from 1282 and Queen of Germany from 1298 until 1308, by marriage to King Albert I of the House of Habsburg.
Violated (EP)
Violated is a European-only EP by rap metal band Stuck Mojo, released on March 3, 1996, to promote the band for its tour in the continent, their first excursion overseas. The EP includes a cover of Black Sabbath's "Sweet Leaf", as well as two live songs.

Stuck Mojo
Stuck Mojo is an American rap metal band from Atlanta, formed in 1989 by bassist Dwayne Fowler. The band is considered to be one of the pioneers of rap metal. They have toured alongside bands such as Machine Head and Slapshot. Stuck Mojo's most successful album, Rising, peaked at No. 48 on the Billboard Top Heatseekers chart. The band disbanded in 2000, reforming five years later. In 2006, their original vocalist, Bonz, was replaced by rapper Lord Nelson. Stuck Mojo released their seventh studio album, Here Come the Infidels, via Pledge Music in 2016. In the press release, the band also announced the addition of two new members, Robby J. Fonts (vocals) and Len Sonnier (bassist). To date, they have released seven studio albums and one live album.
Anwar ul-Haq Ahady
Anwar ul-Haq Ahady (August 12, 1951) is an Afghan politician and former Minister of Commerce and Industry. He had served as the nation's Finance Minister from December 2004 to February 5, 2009.  From 2002 to 2004, he was the head of Da Afghanistan Bank, the central bank of Afghanistan. He is also an academic and writer.

Ministry of Finance (Afghanistan)
The Ministry of Finance of Afghanistan (Dari: وزارت مالیه افغانستان, Pashto: د افغانستان د مالیې وزارت) is responsible for the implementation and execution of the budget, collection of taxes, organization, and control of public expenses in Afghanistan; it also controls the management of the Custom Affairs. The Ministry of Finance provides a quarterly report to inform the public and the executive cabinet of advancements in Afghanistan's financial sector. The current Finance Minister is Nasir Akhund.
The Dark Wave
The Dark Wave is a 1956 American short documentary film directed by Jean Negulesco about a young girl with severe epilepsy. The short stars Charles Bickford and features Nancy Davis, the actress who would later become First Lady of the United States Nancy Reagan. It was made in cooperation with the Variety Club Foundation to Combat Epilepsy (a predecessor of the Epilepsy Foundation), who received the profits.

The Dark Wave was nominated for two Academy Awards, one for Best Documentary Short and the other for Best Two-Reel Short.

Jean Negulesco
Jean Negulesco (born Ioan Negulescu; 13 March [O.S. 29 February] 1900 – 18 July 1993) was a Romanian-American film director and screenwriter. He first gained notice for his films noir and later made such notable films as Johnny Belinda (1948), How to Marry a Millionaire (1953), Titanic (1953), and Three Coins in the Fountain (1954).

He was called "the first real master of CinemaScope".
Starring Rosi
Starring Rosi is the fifth and technically final album released by Ash Ra Tempel, as it is the last to feature Manuel Göttsching. It was recorded at Studio Dierks, Stommeln by Dieter Dierks. It was originally released on LP by Ohr under their 'Kosmische Musik' imprint, catalogue number KM 58.007.

Generally regarded as something of a turning point for Göttsching, this album to some extent dispenses with the lengthy jams of previous albums and adopts a tighter song-structure. The line-up is a reduced one following the departure of Harmut Enke; Göttsching plays most of the instruments, with Wallenstein's Harald Großkopf guesting on drums.

Ash Ra Tempel
Ash Ra Tempel was a German krautrock group led by guitarist Manuel Göttsching that was active from 1970 to 1976. Their debut album Ash Ra Tempel was released in 1971. Following the band's demise, Göttsching released music under the name Ashra.
The Man from the River
The Man from the River is a 1928 detective novel by the British authors G. D. H. Cole and Margaret Cole. It was the fourth in a series of novels written by the couple during the Golden Age of Detective Fiction featuring Superintendent Wilson of Scotland Yard. It was published by the Collins in London and Macmillan in the United States.

G. D. H. Cole
George Douglas Howard Cole (25 September 1889 – 14 January 1959) was an English political theorist, economist, historian, and novelist. As a believer in common ownership of the means of production, he theorised guild socialism (production organised through worker guilds). He belonged to the Fabian Society and was an advocate for the co-operative movement.
Flood Tide (1934 film)
Flood Tide is a 1934 British drama film directed by John Baxter and starring George Carney, Janice Adair and Minnie Rayner. It was made at Twickenham Studios as a quota quickie for release by RKO Pictures.

The sets were designed by James A. Carter, the regular Twickenham art director. Many scenes of the film were shot on location along the River Thames.

James A. Carter
James A. Carter (born 1902) was a British art director and occasional film producer.

Carter was born in London in 1902. He studied at the Royal Academy of Art and the Royal Academy of Music, before beginning his career in the film industry at Worton Hall Studies in 1923. He was employed during the 1930s at Julius Hagen's Twickenham Studios where he worked on films such as The Triumph of Sherlock Holmes (1935). He was eventually appointed to the board of the Twickenham company. During World War II, he made training films for all three branches of the armed forces.
Leoš Janáček International Competition in Brno
The Leoš Janáček International Competition in Brno (hereinafter referred to as MSLJ) (Czech: Mezinárodní soutěž Leoše Janáčka v Brně) is a music competition held annually by the Faculty of Music of the Janáček Academy of Performing Arts in Brno. The MSLJ was named after the famous composer Leoš Janáček.

Ten disciplines, piano, organ, violoncello, double-bass, flute, clarinet, string quartet, violin, French horn and tuba, rotate in five-year cycles.

There is an age limit of 36 (on the opening day of the competition) for the solo disciplines; for string quartets, the sum of members’ ages must not exceed 140 years.

Janáček Academy of Performing Arts
The Janáček Academy of Performing Arts (Czech: Janáčkova akademie múzických umění v Brně; abbreviation in Czech: JAMU) is a public university with an artistic focus in Brno, Czech Republic. It was established in 1947 and consists of two faculties: the Faculty of Music and the Faculty of Theater.
Paul Graham (programmer)
Paul Graham (/ɡræm/; born November 13, 1964) is an English-American computer scientist, writer, essayist, entrepreneur and investor. His work includes the programming language Arc, the startup Viaweb (later renamed Yahoo! Store), co-founding the startup accelerator and seed capital firm Y Combinator, a number of essays and books, and the media webpage Hacker News.

He is the author of the computer programming books On Lisp, ANSI Common Lisp, and Hackers & Painters. Technology journalist Steven Levy has described Graham as a "hacker philosopher".

Graham was born in England, where he and his family have maintained a permanent residence since 2016. He is also a citizen of the United States, where he attended all of his schooling and lived for 48 years prior to returning to England.

Startup accelerator
Startup accelerators, also known as seed accelerators, are fixed-term, cohort-based programs, that include mentorship and educational components, and (sometimes) culminate in a public pitch event or demo day. While traditional business incubators are often government-funded, generally take no equity, and rarely provide funding, accelerators can be either privately or publicly funded and cover a wide range of industries. Unlike business incubators, the application process for seed accelerators is open to anyone, but is highly competitive. There are specific accelerators, such as corporate accelerators, which are often subsidiaries or programs of larger corporations that act like seed accelerators.
Schultz Preserve
Schultz Preserve is a 120-acre nature preserve south of Gibsonton, Florida in Hillsborough County, Florida. It is managed by Hillsborough County and includes estuarine and freshwater wetlands, artificial reefs, and coastal lands in the northern part of Port Redwing. It was purchased by Southwest Florida Water Management District in 1995 and restored. Oyster bars and seagrasses have returned. It is named for Tampa Bay's first Audubon Society game warden. and is maintained by Hillsborough County. The area offers picnicking, fishing, canoeing, kayaking, snorkeling, bird watching and nature study opportunities. The preserve is part of the Alafia River watershed. It is being considered for a ferry terminal.

Port Redwing
Port Redwing is a Port of Tampa facility near Gibsonton, Florida. The Port bought 110 acres in the area in 2012. A rail line connection to CSX mainline track is planned as well as roadway connections to Interstate 4 and the Lee Roy Selmon Expressway.
Covington Independent School District
Covington Independent School District is a public school district based in Covington, Texas (USA).

The district has one school that serves students in grades pre-kindergarten through twelve.

In 2010, the school district was rated "recognized" by the Texas Education Agency.

Covington, Texas
Covington is a city in Hill County in central Texas, United States. Located at the intersection of FM 67 and State Highway 171, 14 miles (23 km) north of Hillsboro, it is near the northern boundary of Hill County. It was founded by Colonel James Jackson Gathings, formerly of North Carolina and Mississippi, in the spring of 1852, and is named for his wife's family. Gathings secured about 10,000 acres (40 km2) of land in what is now Hill County, 100 of which were set aside for the new town of Covington. The population of Covington, 168 years later, was 261 at the 2020 census.
Fox Tech High School
Fox Technical High School is a public high school located in central San Antonio, Texas and classified as a 4A school by the University Interscholastic League. This school is one of twelve schools in the San Antonio Independent School District. During 2022–2023, Fox Tech High School had an enrollment of 499 students and a student to teacher ratio of 17.36. The school received an overall rating of "B" from the Texas Education Agency for the 2024–2025 school year.

San Antonio Independent School District
San Antonio Independent School District is a school district based in San Antonio, Texas, United States.

San Antonio ISD ranks as the 13th largest of Texas' 1,057 school districts. The District encompasses 79 square miles (200 km2) with a total population of 306,943 (2010 U.S. Census). San Antonio ISD serves the Downtown, Midtown, and inner city areas of the city of San Antonio and a small portion of the city of Balcones Heights. With over 48,720 students (as of 2018), the district is the third largest school district in the Bexar County area.
The Dream Cheater
The Dream Cheater is a 1920 American silent horror film directed by Ernest C. Warde and starring J. Warren Kerrigan, Wedgwood Nowell and Fritzi Brunette. It is based on the 1831 novel La Peau de chagrin by Honoré de Balzac.

Ernest C. Warde
Ernest C. Warde (10 August 1874 – 9 September 1923) was an English actor and director who worked in American silent film. He contributed to more than forty films from 1914 to 1923. He was the son of stage actor Frederick Warde.
Prayin' (Johnny Logan song)
"Prayin'" is a song written by Alan Earls from Greystones, County Wicklow and recorded by Australian-born Irish singer and composer Johnny Logan. The song was released in association with RTÉ's music entertainment series The Hit. The song peaked at number 3 on the Irish charts and number 1 on the Irish rock chart.

Following the chart position, Logan spoke to the Irish Independent saying "For a person who has been around as long as I have, this is incredible. I feel like the singer Bill Nighy plays in the film Love Actually, the guy who tops the charts by accident."

Johnny Logan (singer)
Seán Patrick Michael Sherrard (born 13 May 1954), also known professionally as Johnny Logan, is an Australian-born Irish singer, songwriter and musician. He is known for winning the Eurovision Song Contest twice, in 1980 and 1987. He also composed the winning song in 1992.

Logan won the Eurovision Song Contest in 1980 with the song "What's Another Year", which topped the charts in eight countries. He won for a second time in 1987 with the song "Hold Me Now", which topped the charts in Israel, Ireland and Belgium and was a top ten hit in ten other music markets. For 36 years he was only solo artist to have won the contest twice, until Loreen's second victory in 2023.

Logan has also composed two Eurovision songs for Linda Martin, "Terminal 3" in 1984 and "Why Me?" in 1992. The former placed second, while the latter came first; therefore making Logan one of only five people to have composed two winning Eurovision entries.
Marcel Albert
Marcel Albert (25 November 1917 – 23 August 2010) was a French World War II flying ace who flew for the air forces of the Vichy government and Free French Air Forces, he also flew for the Soviet Air Force and the Royal Air Force.

Free French Air Forces
The Free French Air Forces (French: Forces Aériennes Françaises Libres, FAFL) were the air arm of the Free French Forces in the Second World War, created by Charles de Gaulle in 1940. The designation ceased to exist in 1943 when the Free French Forces merged with General Giraud's forces. The name was still in common use however, until the liberation of France in 1944, when they became the French Air Army. Martial Henri Valin commanded them from 1941 to 1944, then stayed on to command the Air Army.
First United Methodist Church (Gloversville, New York)
First United Methodist Church is a historic United Methodist church at 7 Elm Street at Bleecker Square in Gloversville, Fulton County, New York. It was designed by Horatio Nelson White in the Romanesque Revival style and was built from 1869 to 1870.  The main block / sanctuary is a two-story red brick structure set on a cut stone foundation.  It is flanked by a staged entrance / bell tower and two-story office wing.  An addition was completed in 1909 and is a two-story, polygonal brick structure containing a chapel, Sunday School room and parish hall.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.

In 2000 the First United Methodist Church sold this building to another church organization, but the building has been vacant since then.

Gloversville, New York
Gloversville is a city in the Mohawk Valley region of Upstate New York, United States. The most populous city in Fulton County, it was once the hub of the United States' glovemaking industry, with over 200 manufacturers there and the adjacent city of Johnstown. In 2020, Gloversville had a population of 15,131.
Kamenge University Hospital
The Kamenge University Hospital (CHUK), formally the University of Kamenge Hospital Center / King Khaled Hospital (French: Centre Hospitalo - Universitaire De Kamenge / Hôpital Roi Khaled) is a teaching hospital in Bujumbura, Burundi.

Bujumbura
Bujumbura (French pronunciation: [buʒumbuʁa]; Kirundi pronunciation: [buʒuᵐbuɾa]), formerly Usumbura, is the economic capital, former political capital, largest city and main port of Burundi. It ships most of the country's chief export, coffee, as well as cotton and tin ore. Bujumbura was formerly the country's political capital. In late December 2018, Burundian president Pierre Nkurunziza announced that he would follow through on a 2007 promise to return Gitega its former political capital status, with Bujumbura remaining as economical capital and center of commerce. A vote in the Parliament of Burundi made the change official on 16 January 2019, and as of late 2025, the transition is still ongoing, having estimated to end in 2022.
Immaculate (2021 film)
Immaculate  (Romanian: Imaculat) is a 2021 Romanian drama film written and directed by Monica Stan and George Chiper-Lillemark.

The film premiered at the 78th edition of the Venice Film Festival, in the Giornate degli Autori sidebar, winning the section Director's Award and the Lion of the Future.

It was selected as the Romanian entry for the Best International Feature Film at the 95th Academy Awards.

78th Venice International Film Festival
The 78th annual Venice International Film Festival was held from 1 to 11 September 2021, at Venice Lido in Italy. This edition marked the festival's return to its full format following the COVID-19 epidemic during the prior year.

South Korean director Bong Joon-ho was the Jury President of the main competition, marking the first time a South Korean director has been picked as the festival's top juror. Serena Rossi hosted the opening and closing nights. The Golden Lion was awarded to Happening by Audrey Diwan.

The festival opened with Parallel Mothers by Pedro Almodóvar, and closed with The Hidden Child by Roberto Andò.
Harry Batt (football manager)
Harry Batt (1906 or 1907 – 1985) was an English professional football coach and manager. After he managed the British Independents, an unsanctioned women's national team that represented England at the unofficial 1971 Women's World Cup, he was banned for life from football by the Football Association (FA).

Lost Lionesses
"Lost Lionesses" is a name retroactively applied to the first women's football team to represent England at a major international tournament, the 1971 Women's World Cup in Mexico. Being unofficial, unrecognised, and disbanded shortly after their return to England, the team was largely overlooked for nearly 50 years, first gaining widespread media coverage in England in 2019. The team called themselves the British Independents, but were billed as "Inglaterra" (Spanish for "England") during the competition.