hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Naduvazhikal
Naduvazhikal (transl. Rulers of the land) is a 1989 Indian Malayalam-language action crime film directed by Joshiy and written by S. N. Swami. The film was loosely based on The Godfather. It tells the story of Arjun (Mohanlal), who takes up the business empire of his father Ananthan (Madhu), who has been sent to jail, and his clashes with his father's rivals, the Chekkudi brothers. The film also features Murali, Devan, Thilakan, Kuthiravattom Pappu, Jagathy Sreekumar and Manianpilla Raju in supporting roles. The music was composed by Shyam. The film was released on 5 May 1989 to positive reviews and was one of the highest-grossing films of the year. The climax of the film was highly appreciated by critics and audience like.

Thilakan
Palappurathu Keshavan Surendranatha Thilakan (15 July 1935 – 24 September 2012), known mononymously as Thilakan, was an Indian film and stage actor who appeared in over 200 Malayalam films. Spanning more than five decades, Thilakan’s acting career was marked by critical acclaim for his versatility and powerful screen presence. He won several major honours including the Padma Shri (2009) from the Government of India, multiple National Film Awards and numerous Kerala State Film Awards, becoming the most frequent winner of the Kerala State Film Award for Second Best Actor.

Thilakan was known for his elaborate method acting and realistic, spontaneous performances and is widely regarded as one of the greatest actors in Indian cinema, whose style influenced generations of Malayalam actors and audience.
Logarithmically concave measure
In mathematics, a Borel measure μ on n-dimensional Euclidean space  is called logarithmically concave (or log-concave for short) if, for any compact subsets A and B of  and 0 < λ < 1, one has

where λ A + (1 − λ) B denotes the Minkowski sum of λ A and (1 − λ) B.

Logarithmically concave function
In convex analysis, a non-negative function f : Rn → R+ is logarithmically concave (or log-concave for short) if its domain is a convex set, and if it satisfies the inequality

for all x,y ∈ dom f and 0 < θ < 1. If f is strictly positive, this is equivalent to saying that the logarithm of the function, log ∘ f, is concave; that is,

for all x,y ∈ dom f and 0 < θ < 1.

Examples of log-concave functions are the 0-1 indicator functions of convex sets (which requires the more flexible definition), and the Gaussian function.

Similarly, a function is log-convex if it satisfies the reverse inequality

for all x,y ∈ dom f and 0 < θ < 1.

For non-negative discrete functions f : Z → R+, it is log-concave  if
Spectral graph theory
In mathematics, spectral graph theory is the study of the properties of a graph in relationship to the characteristic polynomial, eigenvalues, and eigenvectors of matrices associated with the graph, such as its adjacency matrix or Laplacian matrix.

The adjacency matrix of a simple undirected graph is a real symmetric matrix and is therefore orthogonally diagonalizable; its eigenvalues are real algebraic integers.

While the adjacency matrix depends on the vertex labeling, its spectrum is a graph invariant, although not a complete one.

Spectral graph theory is also concerned with graph parameters that are defined via multiplicities of eigenvalues of matrices associated to the graph, such as the Colin de Verdière number.

Graph property
In graph theory, a graph property or graph invariant is a property of graphs that depends only on the abstract structure, not on graph representations such as particular labellings or drawings of the graph.
USNS Tippecanoe
USNS Tippecanoe (T-AO-199) is a Henry J. Kaiser-class underway replenishment oiler operated by the Military Sealift Command (MSC) to support ships of the United States Navy.  She serves in the United States Pacific Fleet. Tippecanoe, the thirteenth ship of the Henry J. Kaiser class, was laid down at Avondale Shipyard, Inc., at New Orleans, Louisiana, on 19 November 1990 and launched on 16 May 1992. She entered non-commissioned U.S. Navy service under the control of the MSC with a primarily civilian crew on 8 February 1993.

Tippecanoe was deployed to East Timor as part of the Australian-led INTERFET peacekeeping taskforce from 16 to 24 October 1999.  In January 2005, Tippecanoe was part of the American relief effort in response to the Indian Ocean tsunami of 26 December 2004.

International Force East Timor
The International Force East Timor (INTERFET) was a multinational non-United Nations peacemaking task force, organised and led by Australia in accordance with United Nations resolutions to address the humanitarian and security crisis that took place in East Timor from 1999–2000 until the arrival of UN peacekeepers. INTERFET was commanded by an Australian military officer, Major General Peter Cosgrove.
North Oxfordshire Academy
North Oxfordshire Academy (known locally by the abbreviation NOA) is a coeducational academy school in Banbury, Oxfordshire, England. It opened in September 2007, replacing the comprehensive Drayton School. It caters for children and young adults between the ages of 11 and 18.

Banbury
Banbury is an historic market town and civil parish on the River Cherwell in Oxfordshire, South East England. The parish had a population of 54,335 at the 2021 Census.

Banbury is a significant commercial and retail centre for the surrounding area of north Oxfordshire and southern parts of Warwickshire and Northamptonshire which are predominantly rural. Banbury's main industries are motorsport, car components, electrical goods, plastics, food processing and printing. Banbury is home to the Jacobs Douwe Egberts factory which was previously the world's largest coffee-producing facility, built in 1964. The town is famed for Banbury cakes, a spiced sweet pastry.

Banbury is located 64 miles (103 km) north-west of London, 37 miles (60 km) south-east of Birmingham, 27 miles (43 km) south-east of Coventry and 22 miles (35 km) north-northwest of Oxford.
George R. Smith College
George R. Smith College (1894–1925) was a private historically black college, located

in Sedalia, Missouri, United States. It was attended by ragtime composer Scott Joplin. It burned down in 1925, and by 1933 the assets were merged with the Philander Smith College in Little Rock, Arkansas.

Sedalia, Missouri
Sedalia is a city located approximately 30 miles (50 kilometers) south of the Missouri River and, as the county seat of Pettis County, Missouri, United States, it is the principal city of the Sedalia Micropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 census, the city had a total population of 21,725. Sedalia is also the location of the Missouri State Fair and the Scott Joplin International Ragtime Festival. U.S. Routes 50 and 65 intersect in the city.
Almo, Kentucky
Almo is an unincorporated community in Calloway County, Kentucky, United States.  No one knows when the community was founded, but a rail center was established in the early 1890s by the Nashville, Chattanooga & St. Louis Railway.  A post office was opened on February 11, 1891, and given the name Buena, Kentucky.  The name of the post office was changed to Almo on November 18, 1892.  The new name may have been a shortening of the name Alamo from the Texas Revolution.  The post office closed on August 15, 2022.

Calloway County, Kentucky
Calloway County is a county located on the southwest border of the U.S. Commonwealth of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 37,103. Its county seat is Murray. The county was founded in November 1822 and named after Colonel Richard Callaway, one of the founders of Boonesborough. Calloway County comprises the Murray, KY Micropolitan Statistical Area. As of July 18, 2012, Calloway County is a moist county: the sale of alcohol in the county is prohibited, with the exception of the city of Murray.
Yergeni
Yergeni (Ергени; Oirat: Ergnin җirn zurһan shiir) is a hilly area in Russia. It is located in the southern corner of the East European Plain, mostly in Kalmykia, with parts in Volgograd Oblast and Rostov Oblast. The highest point of Kalmykia, 222 metres (728 ft) high Shared, is located in the Yergeni hills.

In Kalmykia the hills stretch from Sarpinsky District to the north to Iki-Burulsky District in the south.

Sarpinsky District
Sarpinsky District (Russian: Сарпи́нский райо́н; Kalmyk: Сарпан район, Sarpan rayon) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirteen in the Republic of Kalmykia, Russia. It is located in the north of the republic. The area of the district is 3,737.63 square kilometers (1,443.11 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Sadovoye. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 13,796, with the population of Sadovoye accounting for 47.3% of that number.
Satchinez
Satchinez (formerly just Chinez; Hungarian: Temeskenéz; German: Knees; Romani: Ogav-Chinizitican; Serbian: Кнез, romanized: Knez) is a commune in Timiș County, Romania. It is composed of three villages: Bărăteaz, Hodoni and Satchinez (commune seat).

Timiș County
Timiș (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈtimiʃ]) is a county (județ) of western Romania on the border with Hungary and Serbia, in the historical region of Banat, with the county seat at Timișoara. It is the westernmost and the largest county in Romania in terms of land area. The county is also part of the Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion.
Nightlight (Illenium song)
"Nightlight" is a song by American DJ and producer Illenium featuring uncredited vocals from Annika Wells. It is his first new single since signing with independent record label 12Tone and Warner Records.

Annika Wells
Annika Marie Wells (born February 16, 1996) is an American singer-songwriter from Sleepy Hollow, Marin County, California. After relocating to Los Angeles, Wells established herself as a prolific songwriter, collaborating with artists including BTS, the Jonas Brothers, Steve Aoki, PRETTYMUCH, ILLENIUM, Grey, Shawn Wasabi, Benjamin Ingrosso, The Chainsmokers, Hailee Steinfeld, Whethan, Emily Warren, Social House, Lennon Stella, Kennedi, Sabrina Carpenter, Tove Styrke, and Matoma, as well as songwriters Freddy Wexler and Jason Evigan. She has maintained ongoing creative partnerships with Maggie Lindemann and AJ Mitchell.
Spanish conquest of Oran (1509)
The conquest of Oran by the Spanish Empire took place on May 1509, when an army led by Pedro Navarro on behalf of the Cardinal Cisneros seized the North African city, which was controlled by the Kingdom of Tlemcen (Zayyanid dynasty).

Pedro Navarro
Pedro Navarro, Count of Oliveto (c. 1460 – 28 August 1528) was a Navarrese military engineer and general who participated in the War of the League of Cambrai. At the Battle of Ravenna in 1512, he commanded the Spanish and Papal infantry, but was captured by the French. In the service of Francis I of France, he would supervise the French crossing of the Alps before the Battle of Novara in 1513.

He is widely regarded as the inventor of modern siege mines.
Johanna Meier
Johanna Meier (born February 13, 1938) is an American operatic soprano. She has been described as "one of the foremost Wagnerian sopranos of her era". She had an international career, including fourteen years at the Metropolitan Opera and three summers singing the role of Isolde in Wagner's Tristan und Isolde for the Bayreuth Festival—the Festival's first American Isolde.

Bayreuth Festival
The Bayreuth Festival (German: Bayreuther Festspiele) is a music festival held annually in Bayreuth, Germany, at which performances of stage works by the 19th-century German composer Richard Wagner are presented. Wagner himself conceived and promoted the idea of a special festival to showcase his own works, in particular his monumental cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen and Parsifal.

Performances take place in a specially designed theatre, the Bayreuth Festspielhaus. Wagner personally supervised the design and construction of the theatre, which contained many architectural innovations to accommodate the huge orchestras for which Wagner wrote as well as the composer's particular vision about the staging of his works. The Festival has become a pilgrimage destination for Wagnerians and classical-music enthusiasts.
Croajingolong National Park
The Croajingolong National Park is a coastal national park located in the East Gippsland region of the Australian state of Victoria. The 88,355-hectare (218,330-acre) national park is situated approximately 450 kilometres (280 mi) east of Melbourne and 500 kilometres (310 mi) south of Sydney.

The name Croajingolong derives from the Australian Aboriginal Krauatungalung words galung, meaning "belonging to" and kraua, meaning "east".

Mallacoota
Mallacoota is a town in the East Gippsland region in the state of Victoria, Australia. At the 2021 census, Mallacoota had a population of 1,183. It is the last official township on Victoria's east coast before the border with New South Wales. Mallacoota has a regional airport (Mallacoota Airport) YMCO (XMC) consisting of a gravel runway for light planes and an asphalt runway for commercial planes flying from Melbourne.

It is a popular holiday spot for boating, fishing, walking the wilderness coast, swimming, birdwatching, and surfing. The Mallacoota Arts Council runs events throughout each year.  Mallacoota Inlet is one of the main villages along the wilderness coastal walk from New South Wales to Victoria, and Gipsy Point is located at the head of the inlet.
1998 Coupe de France final
The 1998 Coupe de France final was a football match held at Stade de France, Saint-Denis on 2 May 1998, that saw Paris SG defeat RC Lens 2-1 thanks to goals by Raí and Marco Simone. Vladimír Šmicer scored for the Division 1 champion which could not enjoy two successes in a single season. This final was also the first ever played in the newly-built Stade de France.

Raí
Raimundo Souza Vieira de Oliveira (born 15 May 1965), popularly known as Raí (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʁaˈi]), is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder. The younger brother of Sócrates, who played in the same position as him, Raí represented Brazil for more than a decade and was part of the country's victorious 1994 World Cup squad.

He spent most of his 15-year career with São Paulo and Paris Saint-Germain, winning 10 major titles with the two teams combined and nearing the 100-goal mark. Raí is considered by fans, journalists and players as a legend of PSG, despite his relatively short period at the club.
Phoenix Trail
The Phoenix Trail is a 7-mile (11 km) footpath and cycleway which runs between the market towns of Thame in South Oxfordshire and Princes Risborough in Buckinghamshire, passing through the villages of Towersey and Bledlow.

Towersey
Towersey is a village and civil parish about 1+1⁄2 miles (2.4 km) east of Thame in Oxfordshire. Towersey was part of Buckinghamshire until 1933, when the county boundary was moved and Towersey was exchanged for Kingsey. The 2011 Census recorded Towersey parish's population as 433.
Isaac Dodds and Son
Isaac Dodds and Son was a locomotive manufacturer based in the Holmes district of Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England. Isaac Dodds took over part of the works of Samuel Walker and Company in Rotherham sometime while he was Superintendent of the Sheffield and Rotherham Railway. It is likely, therefore, that he used it to maintain the company's locomotives, or even build new ones. There, however, seems to be no record.

Rotherham
Rotherham (/ˈrɒðərəm/ ⓘ RODH-ər-əm) is a market town in South Yorkshire, England. It lies at the confluence of the River Rother, from which the town gets its name,  and the River Don. It is the largest settlement of the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham.

Before the Industrial Revolution, traditional industries included farming, glass making and flour milling. In the late 18th and 19th centuries, Rotherham became known for its coal mining and, later, steel industries. The town's historic county is Yorkshire, and Rotherham was once part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. In 1974, this administrative county was abolished during a reorganisation of local government. Subsequently, Rotherham became part of the county of South Yorkshire, where it makes up one of four metropolitan boroughs.

Rotherham had a population of 109,691 in the 2011 census. The borough had a 2024 population of 276,595, the 64th most populous district in England.
Benjamin H. Randall
Benjamin Hoyt Randall (November 25, 1823 – October 1, 1913) was an American politician and Businessman.

Born in Greensboro, Vermont, Randall moved to Chicago, Illinois and then to Springfield, Illinois where he worked as a hotel clerk and then owned a barge boat. He then taught school in Missouri.  In 1849, Randall moved to Minnesota Territory and settled in Fort Snelling where he was a sutler/clerk. While at Fort Snelling, Randall served in the Minnesota Territorial House of Representatives 1851 and 1852 to 1853. In 1862, Randall moved to Fort Ridgely and served as a sutler until 1867 when the fort was abandoned. Randall then moved to St. Peter, Minnesota where he owned a boot and shoe manufacturing company. He served as mayor of St. Peter, Minnesota and then served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1883 to 1884. In 1888, Randall moved to Winona, Minnesota where he died in 1913.

Greensboro, Vermont
Greensboro is the southernmost town in Orleans County, Vermont, United States. The population was 811 at the 2020 census. The town includes the places of Campbells Corners, East Greensboro, Gebbie Corner, Greensboro Four Corners, Greensboro Bend, Tolman(s) Corner, and Burlington Point. Greensboro Bend and the central village of Greensboro are classified as census-designated places.
Kasi (film)
Kasi is a 2001 Indian Tamil-language drama film written and directed by Vinayan. A remake of the director's own Malayalam film Vasanthiyum Lakshmiyum Pinne Njaanum (1999), the film has Vikram playing the eponymous character of a blind village singer, while Kaveri (reprising her role from the original) and Kavya Madhavan (in her Tamil debut) play supporting roles. The film was produced by Aroma Mani for Sunitha Productions. The film score and soundtrack was composed by Ilaiyaraaja.

The film was released on 14 December 2001. Vikram won the Filmfare Best Actor Award and Cinema Express Award for Best Actor – Tamil.

M. Mani
M. Mani (30 November 1939 – 14 July 2024), also known as Aroma Mani, was an Indian film producer and director in the Malayalam and Tamil film industries. He produced more than 60 movies and directed more than 10 under the banner Sunitha Productions and Aroma Movie International. He made his debut with the movie Dheerasameere Yamunaatheere in 1977. Mani died on 14 July 2024, at the age of 84.
Leave Me Too
"Leave Me Too" is a song recorded by Canadian country artist Josh Ross. The song was written by Allison Veltz Cruz, Laura Veltz, Michael Tyler, and Ben Stennis, while Matt Geroux produced it. It was the second single to Canadian radio off his debut album Later Tonight.

Josh Ross
Josh Ross (born May 27, 1996) is a Canadian country music singer and songwriter. He is managed by The Core Entertainment and jointly signed to Universal Music Canada and Mercury Nashville. Ross has charted multiple singles, including "On a Different Night", "Trouble",  "Ain't Doin' Jack", "Single Again", and "Hate How You Look". In March 2024, he released the extended play Complicated. His debut album Later Tonight was released in September 2025.
1932 Brown Bears football team
The 1932 Brown Bears football team was an American football team that represented Brown University as an independent during the 1932 college football season. Led by seventh-year head coach Tuss McLaughry, the Bears compiled a record of 7–1. The team's only loss was to Colgate, who finished the season undefeated.

1932 Colgate Red Raiders football team
The 1932 Colgate Red Raiders football team represented Colgate University in during the 1932 college football season. Fourth-year head coach Andrew Kerr led Colgate to a perfect record, and the team did not allow an opponent to score throughout the entire season. Nevertheless, Colgate did not receive an expected invitation to the Rose Bowl, and as such, the team was called "undefeated, untied, unscored upon, and uninvited". The 1932 Colgate eleven is one of only three college football teams since 1920 to have finished a perfect season without being scored upon. The new maroon uniforms adopted by this team inspired the nickname for the school's athletics program: the "Red Raiders". Parke H. Davis named Colgate a co-national champion team alongside Michigan and USC.
Gmina Uścimów
Gmina Uścimów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Lubartów County, Lublin Voivodeship, in eastern Poland. Its seat is the village of Uścimów, which lies approximately 24 kilometres (15 mi) east of Lubartów and 36 km (22 mi) north-east of the regional capital Lublin.

The gmina covers an area of 108.61 square kilometres (41.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,385 (3,307 in 2015).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Łęczna Lake District Landscape Park.

Łęczna Lake District Landscape Park
Łęczna Lake District Landscape Park or Łęczna Lakeland Scenic Park  (Polish: Park Krajobrazowy Pojezierze Łęczyńskie) is a protected area (a Landscape Park) in eastern Poland, established in 1990, covering an area of 118.16 square kilometres (45.62 sq mi) in the geographic region called the Łęczna-Włodawa Lakeland (Pojezierze Łęczyńsko-Włodawskie) or the Łęczna-Włodawa Plain (Równina Łęczyńsko-Włodawska).

The Park lies within Lublin Voivodeship: in Lubartów County (Gmina Ostrów Lubelski, Gmina Uścimów) and Łęczna County (Gmina Ludwin, Gmina Puchaczów).

The best known recreational area within the Łęczna Lakeland surrounds the White lake (Jezioro Białe Włodawskie), with the resort town called Okuninka.
To the Golden Cities
To the Golden Cities: Pursuing the American Jewish Dream in Miami and L.A. is an April 1994 book written by Deborah Dash Moore and published by The Free Press. It discusses the Jewish communities that formed in Los Angeles and Miami in the post-World War II period. Moore argued that the migration to new communities helped American Jews find their identities and that they "reinvented" themselves.

Deborah Dash Moore
Deborah Dash Moore (born 1946) is an American historian, the former director of the Frankel Center for Judaic Studies, and a Frederick G.L. Huetwell Professor of History and Judaic Studies at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
Imran Khan (cricketer, born 1987)
Mohammad Imran Khan (Pashto: عمران خان; born 15 July 1987) is a Pakistani cricketer, born in Maidan valley of Lower Dir in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. He made his Test match debut for Pakistan against Australia in the United Arab Emirates on 22 October 2014. Imran has played domestically for Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the Water and Power Development Authority, the National Bank of Pakistan, Zarai Taraqiati Bank, and the Peshawar Panthers.

Australian cricket team against Pakistan in the UAE in 2014–15
Australia cricket team toured the United Arab Emirates (UAE) from 5 October to 3 November 2014 and played one Twenty20 International (T20I), three One Day Internationals (ODIs) and two Test matches against Pakistan. It was a home series for Pakistan, which was played in the UAE owing to ongoing security concerns in Pakistan. The limited over matches were dominated by Australia while a rampant Pakistan whitewashed the Test series.