hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Owińska
Owińska [ɔˈviɲska] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czerwonak, within Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.

Owińska lies close to the Warta river, on the main road and railway line from Poznań to Wągrowiec. In the village are a former Cistercian convent (now a school for the blind), a Renaissance church, and a palace built in late classical style (1804–1806).

Gmina Czerwonak
Gmina Czerwonak is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Czerwonak, which lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) north-east of the regional capital Poznań.

The gmina covers an area of 91.48 square kilometres (35.3 sq mi), and as of 2023 its total population is 23,692. It includes Koziegłowy, which is Poland's second most populous village with 10,755 inhabitants (2006). Czerwonak itself has a population of 5,432. The gmina also contains the south-western part of the protected forest area Puszcza Zielonka Landscape Park, including the hill of Dziewicza Góra, which is the Park's highest point and has an observation tower (seasonally open to the public).
Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee
The Democratic Congressional Campaign Committee (DCCC) is the Democratic Hill committee for the United States House of Representatives, working to elect Democrats to that body.  The DCCC recruits candidates, raises funds and organizes races in districts  expected to yield politically notable or close elections. The committee consists of the chairperson (who according to Democratic Caucus rules is a fellow member of the caucus appointed by the party leader in the House), their staff, and other Democratic members of Congress in various executive roles.

The chairperson of the DCCC is the sixth-ranking position among House Democrats, after the speaker, the majority leader, the majority whip, the assistant Democratic leader, and the Democratic Caucus chairperson. The current chair is Suzan DelBene of Washington, who assumed the position in 2023.

Political party committee
In the United States, a political party committee is an organization, officially affiliated with a political party and registered with the Federal Election Commission (FEC), which raises and spends money for political campaigning. Political party committees are distinct from political action committees, which are formally independent of political parties and subject to different rules.

Though their own internal rules differ, the two major political parties (Democrats and Republicans) have essentially parallel sets of committees; third parties have more varied organizational structures.
Vännäs
Vännäs (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈvɛ̌nːɛs]) is a locality in Västerbotten County in northern Sweden. Vännäs is the seat of Vännäs Municipality and had 9,077 inhabitants in 2024.

The name of the village has existed since 1535 (Wendenäs, "The place where a person walking down the western shoreline of the Vindel river must change her path").

Vännäs is the hometown of the hardcore band Refused. The Vännäs TV Tower, a 323-metre partially staffed broadcasting mast, is located in the vicinity of Vännäs.

Vännäs TV Tower
Vännäs TV Tower (Swedish: Vännäsmasten) is a Swedish concrete television tower that has a mast on top. It is used for transmitting FM-/TV-broadcasting.

The Vännäs TV Tower resembles the Gerbrandy Tower in IJsselstein, the Netherlands. They both are a concrete tower with a steel mast on top that is guyed to the ground. The Gerbrandy Tower is 367 m (1,204 ft) tall, while the Vännäs Tower is shorter at 323 m (1,060 ft) tall.

Vännäs TV Tower was close to collapsing due to heavy icing in 1988. They managed to save the tower by spraying hot water and glycol from a helicopter.
Diocese of St Albans
51°45′07″N 0°20′20″W﻿ / ﻿51.752°N 0.339°W﻿ / 51.752; -0.339

The Diocese of St Albans forms part of the Province of Canterbury in England and is part of the wider Church of England, in turn part of the worldwide Anglican Communion.

The diocese is home to more than 1.6 million people and comprises the historic Counties of Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire, or in terms of local government areas, Bedfordshire, Luton, Hertfordshire and parts of the London Borough of Barnet. It therefore ranges from small rural communities in villages and hamlets to major urban centres like Luton, Bedford, Watford and Hemel Hempstead, and includes suburban areas on London's outer reaches.

Provincial episcopal visitor
A provincial episcopal visitor (PEV), popularly known as a flying bishop, is a Church of England bishop assigned to minister to many of the clergy, laity and parishes who on grounds of theological conviction "are unable to receive the ministry of women bishops or priests" as well as the ministry of male bishops or priests at whose ordination a female bishop presided. The system by which bishops oversee these churches is referred to as alternative episcopal oversight (AEO).
Ombré
Ombré /ˈɒmbreɪ/ (literally "shaded" in French) is the blending of one color hue to another, usually moving tints and shades from light to dark. It has become a popular feature for hair coloring, nail art, and even baking, in addition to its uses in home decorating and graphic design.

In contrast to ombré, sombré is a much softer and gradual shading of one color to another.

Hair coloring
Hair coloring, or hair dyeing, is the practice of changing the color of the hair on humans' heads. The main reasons for this are cosmetic: to cover gray or white hair, to alter hair to create a specific look, to change a color to suit preference or to restore the original hair color after it has been discolored by hairdressing processes or sun bleaching.

Hair coloring can be done professionally by a hairdresser or independently at home. Hair coloring is very popular, with 50-80% of women in the United States, Europe, and Japan having reported using hair dye. At-home coloring in the United States reached sales of $1.9 billion in 2011 and were expected to rise to $2.2 billion by 2016.
Cowling, Hambleton
Cowling is a small village in North Yorkshire, England. It is in the parish of Burrill with Cowling and 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Bedale. The settlement is mentioned in the Domesday Book as Thornton, but later it was named Colling (a personal name) and then later becoming Cowling. Population statistics are listed within the civil parish of Burrill with Cowling.

Bedale
Bedale (/ˈbiːdeɪl/ BEE-dayl), is a market town and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. Bedale Beck is a tributary of the River Swale, which forms one of the Yorkshire Dales. The dale has a predominant agriculture sector and its related small traditional trades, although tourism is increasingly important. Northallerton is 7 miles (11 km) north-east, Middlesbrough 26 miles (42 km) north-east and York is 31 miles (50 km) south-south-east.

Historically part of the North Riding of Yorkshire, the town was listed in  Domesday Book under what became the honour of Richmond. The honour had several wapentakes and Bedale was part of Hang (named after Hang Bank in Finghall or alternatively named after Catterick) and later Hang East.
Pannalal Institution
Pannalal Institution is the oldest school of Kalyani township area. It is situated at 11 no. Ward, B Block in Kalyani, Nadia district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The institution was established in 1956. This is a Boys school with Upper Primary with Secondary and Co-education in the Higher Secondary section having Science, Arts and Commerce streams. The School is affiliated to West Bengal Board of Secondary Education, West Bengal Council of Higher Secondary Education and recognised by School Education Department, West Bengal.

Kalyani, West Bengal
Kalyani is a city and a municipality & BDO in the Nadia district of the Indian state of West Bengal. It is the headquarters of Kalyani subdivision and part of the Presidency division. Kalyani is a part of the area covered by the Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA).
Don Banks Music Award
The Don Banks Music Award was established in 1984 to publicly honour a senior artist of high distinction who has made an outstanding and sustained contribution to music in Australia. It is awarded by Creative Australia (formerly the Australia Council) in honour of Don Banks, Australian composer, performer and the first chair of its music board.

Nominations for music artists, including performers and composers from all areas of music, are invited. The award is considered the nation's most valuable individual music prize. It is intended for artists 50 years and over and is granted only once in an artist's lifetime. Prize recipients receive $25,000 AU as a reward for their contribution towards Australian music.

Coloured Stone
Coloured Stone is an Aboriginal Australian band whose members originate from the Koonibba Mission, west of Ceduna, South Australia. They first became known for their 1984 single, "Black Boy". The band performs using guitar, bass, drums, and Aboriginal instruments – didjeridu, bundawuthada (gong stone) and clap sticks – to play traditional music.
The Native Sound
The Native Sound is an independent record label based in New York City. It was founded in 2013 by Julio Anta. The label has released a number of dream pop, shoegaze and folk music releases on cassette tape, limited edition vinyl, and digital download. The label's roster includes John Vanderslice, Andrew Koji Shiraki, Miserable, King Woman, Funeral Advantage, Plastic Flowers, Sheer, Drowse and Vow.

Plastic Flowers
Georgios Samaras, better known as Plastic Flowers, is a Greek songwriter and academic at King's College London, who has released three full-length studio albums: Evergreen in 2014, Heavenly in 2016 and Absent Forever in 2017.
Coupland Castle
Coupland Castle is situated in the village of Coupland, 4 miles (6 km) to the north-west of Wooler, Northumberland, England. It is a Grade I listed building. The Grade I listed "castle" is actually a tower house "built after 1584, with irregular later additions".

Coupland, Northumberland
Coupland is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Ewart, in Northumberland, England. It is on the north bank of the River Glen about 4 miles (6 km) to the northwest of Wooler. In 1951 the parish had a population of 216.
Cave of the Ramban
The Cave of the Ramban is located in the southern cliff of the Upper Kidron Valley, on a slope descending into the Arab neighborhood of Wadi al-Joz, Jerusalem. It is believed by some to be the traditional burial place of Nahmanides (also known as Ramban), a foremost rabbinical scholar during the medieval era.

Wadi al-Joz
Wadi al-Joz (Arabic: وادي الجوز; Hebrew: ואדי אל-ג'וז), also Wadi Joz, is a Palestinian neighborhood in East Jerusalem, located at the head of the Kidron Valley, north of the Old City of Jerusalem. The population of Wadi Joz is 13,000. It is located 750 meters above sea level in the Kidron Valley (Nahal Kidron).

"Wadi al-Joz", in Arabic, literally means "Valley of the Walnuts", though it is believed that the name is an abbreviation of "Valley of Josaphat", a location mentioned in the Bible, traditionally identified with the Kidron Valley.
Nathalie Timmermans
Nathalie Timmermans (born July 21, 1989, in Oldenzaal, Overijssel) is a Dutch softball player, who represents the Dutch national team in international competitions.

Timmermans played for Run '71 Oldenzaal, Tex Town Tigers, and Sparks Haarlem. She is a catcher and third baseman who bats and throws right-handed and has competed for the Dutch national team since 2007, the year she was named the best batter of the Dutch Softball Hoofdklasse. In 2008, she was on the Dutch team for the Beijing Summer Olympics.

Oldenzaal
Oldenzaal (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɔldə(n)ˌzaːl] ⓘ; Tweants: Oldnzel) is a municipality and a city in the eastern province of Overijssel in the Netherlands. It is part of the region of Twente and is close to the German border.

It received city rights in 1249. Historically, the city was part of the Hanseatic League as a subsidiary city of the fellow Hanseatic city of Deventer.

Located on the A1 motorway from Amsterdam to Germany, Oldenzaal also has a rail connection to Hengelo and Bad Bentheim.

As of December 2022 Oldenzaal has a population of 31,958 people.

In the Netherlands, Oldenzaal is well known for its carnival festivities. During the carnival season Oldenzaal is known as "Boeskool-stad" which is a local dialect of the word Cabbage-town. During the main carnival weekend over 100,000 people come for the big parade showing high and mighty carnival trucks.
Tiff City, Missouri
Tiff City is an unincorporated community in McDonald County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Route 76, bordering the Oklahoma state line. The community is part of the Fayetteville–Springdale–Rogers, AR-MO Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Tiff City was platted in 1881. The community was named for deposits of "tiff" ore near the original town site. A post office called Tiff City has been in operation since 1877.

McDonald County, Missouri
McDonald County is a county located in the southwestern corner of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 23,303. and was estimated to be 24,054 in 2024, Its county seat is Pineville.
Henk ten Hoeve
Hendrik (Henk) ten Hoeve (born 15 September 1946) is a Dutch politician. He led the Independent Senate Group (OSF) in the Senate from 10 June 2003 until 7 June 2011, and again from 9 June 2015 to 11 June 2019.

Ten Hoeve was born in Heerenveen. He studied economics at the Netherlands School of Economics in Rotterdam. He is the leader of the board of directors of the Dockingacollege school in Dokkum, having been one of its economics teachers and then its "conrector" (deputy head). From 1976 to 1980, Ten Hoeve was chairman of the Frisian National Party and from 1980 to 1988 the party's leader in the Provincial Council of Friesland.

In 2003, in the election for the Senate, he won one vote more than the party leader Fons Zinken. Thus Ten Hoeve was placed as number two on the voted preference list. In 2007, he was re-elected. He was also re-elected in 2015.

Frisian National Party
The Frisian National Party (West Frisian: Fryske Nasjonale Partij, FNP; Dutch: Friese Nationale Partij) is a regionalist political party in the Netherlands. Founded in 1961, it is primarily involved in regional and local politics in the province of Friesland. The party advocates for the strengthening of the West Frisian language and culture, and seeks to increase self-government for the country's Frisian minority. The FNP is a full member of the European Free Alliance (EFA), and is represented in the Senate by Independent Politics Netherlands (OPNL).
Southside (Lil Baby song)
"Southside" is a song by American rapper Lil Baby. It was released by 4 Pockets Full, Wolfpack Music Group, Quality Control Music, Motown and Capitol Records on May 8, 2018 as the first single from Lil Baby's debut album Harder Than Ever (2018). It was produced by Southside and Max Lord.

Harder Than Ever
Harder Than Ever is the debut studio album by American rapper Lil Baby. It was released on May 18, 2018, by 4 Pockets Full, Wolfpack Music Group, Quality Control Music, Motown and Capitol Records. The album features guest appearances from Starlito, Drake, Moneybagg Yo, Gunna, Young Thug, Offset, Lil Uzi Vert, and Hoodrich Pablo Juan. It also features production from Southside, Wheezy, Tay Keith, Quay Global and Turbo, among others.
1955 RAC Tourist Trophy
The 1955 RAC Tourist Trophy took place on 17 September, on the roads around Dundrod, (County Antrim, Northern Ireland).  It was also the fifth round of the F.I.A. World Sports Car Championship, and it was the first championship race following the horrendous tragedy at Le Mans. It was also the Golden Jubilee year for the RAC Tourist Trophy. Going into the race, Ferrari were leading the Manufacturers Championship by four points from Jaguar, and victory for the Italian marque would have put them in a strong position to win a third successive title.

Dundrod Circuit
Dundrod Circuit  is a motorsport street circuit used for the Ulster Trophy for Formula One and Formula Two cars from 1950 to 1953, the RAC Tourist Trophy for sports cars between 1950 and 1955, and for the motorcycle Ulster Grand Prix from 1953 onwards. It is situated near the village of Dundrod in Lisburn, Northern Ireland. The nearby Clady Circuit also in County Antrim was used for the Ulster Grand Prix between (1922–1952) before moving to the Dundrod Circuit.
Shenango Area School District
Shenango Area School District is a public school district located in Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, United States. The district serves Shenango Township and South New Castle Borough. 700 students currently attend the district's elementary school, while an additional 750 are part of the junior-senior high school. Colors are Blue and Gold. The mascot is the Wildcat.

Shenango Township, Lawrence County, Pennsylvania
Shenango Township is a township in Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 7,133 at the 2020 census, a decline from the figure of 7,479 tabulated in 2010. Shenango Township is situated between the city of New Castle to the north and the borough of Ellwood City to the south.
The Lawless Frontier
The Lawless Frontier is a 1934 American Monogram Western film directed by Robert N. Bradbury and starring John Wayne, Sheila Terry, George "Gabby" Hayes, and Earl Dwire. It was the tenth of the Lone Star westerns. The picture was made on a budget of $11,000, shot in less than a week at Red Rock Canyon north of Los Angeles, and released by Monogram on Nov. 22, 1934. The film remains an unusual showcase for Earl Dwire in the lead villain's role.

Robert North Bradbury
Robert North Bradbury (March 23, 1886 – November 24, 1949) (born Ronald E. Bradbury, also billed as  R.N. Bradbury or Robert Bradbury) was an American film actor, director, and screenwriter. He directed more than 125 movies between 1918 and 1941. He was considered one of the best directors of Westerns during the 1930s.

Bradbury is known for directing early Poverty Row Westerns starring John Wayne in the 1930s.  He is the father of noted cowboy actor Bob Steele.

Bradbury was born in Walla Walla, Washington, on March 23, 1886, and died in Glendale, California, on November 24, 1949, at age 63. With Nieta Quinn Bradbury, he had three children, Robert Bradbury Jr. (Bob Steele), Bill Bradbury, and Jim Bradbury.
Chamkani (Pashtun tribe)
The Chamkani (Pashto: څمکني tsamkanī)  is a sub-tribe of Ghoryakhel Pashtuns. According to Muhammad Hayat Khan, author of Hayat-i-Afghani (Afghanistan and its Inhabitants), the Chamkani are descendants of Ibrahim Ghoria. They are also related to Mohmand, Daudzai and Khalil through their Sarbani descent.

Shoukat Aziz
Shoukat Aziz (Urdu: شوکت عزیز; born 1996) is a Pakistani human rights activist known for abolishing the Frontier Crimes Regulation and co-founding the youth rights group FATA Youth Organization (FYO). He advocates for students' rights, human rights, and minority tribal rights, with a particular emphasis on the rights of those living in the Federally Administrated Tribal Areas (FATA) of Pakistan. He was responsible for abolishing the Frontier Crimes Regulation, a group of laws which had long been denounced by international human rights activists.
Pierre Aycelin de Montaigut
Pierre Aycelin de Montaigut or Montaigu, Montagu, known as Cardinal de Laon, born between 1320 and 1325 and died 8 November 1388, was a fourteenth-century French cardinal, who was the bishop of Nevers (1361–1371) and bishop of the Diocese of Laon (1371-1386), advisor to the king of Charles V and peer of France.

He took part in the Council of King Charles V, acting as regent during the minority of King Charles VI of France who ascended to the throne after his uncle's death. He was known then as one of the marmousets. His autopsy proved that he was poisoned on 8 November 1388, being buried in the abbey church of the priory of Saint-Martin-des-Champs in Paris.

Ancient Diocese of Laon
The diocese  of Laon in the present-day département of Aisne, was a Catholic diocese for around 1300 years, up to the French Revolution. Its seat was in Laon, France, with Laon Cathedral. From early in the 13th century, the bishop of Laon was a Pair de France, among the elite.
Sefro
Sefro (Sifru in the local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Macerata in the Italian region Marche, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of Ancona and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southwest of Macerata. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 453 and an area of 42.5 square kilometres (16.4 mi2).

Sefro borders the following municipalities: Camerino, Fiuminata, Pioraco, Serravalle di Chienti.

Among the churches are:

Madonna dei Calcinari.

San Tossano.

San Pietro.

Serravalle di Chienti
Serravalle di Chienti is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Macerata in the Italian region Marche, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) southwest of Ancona and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southwest of Macerata. It is crossed by the Chienti river. The communal territory is largely mountainous with numerous woods and pastures.

Serravalle di Chienti borders the following municipalities: Camerino, Fiuminata, Foligno, Monte Cavallo, Muccia, Nocera Umbra, Pieve Torina, Sefro, Visso.
HM Factory, Gretna
H.M. Factory, Gretna was  Britain's largest cordite factory during the First World War. The government-owned facility was adjacent to the Solway Firth, near Gretna, Dumfries and Galloway. It was built by the Ministry of Munitions in response to the Shell Crisis of 1915. The capital cost was £9,184,000 (£785,700,000 in 2023) and it covered 9,000 acres (36 km2). The cost of working it from September 1916 to September 1918 was £12,769,000, during which time it produced cordite valued at £15,000,000, though it was claimed that without it the cordite would have had to be imported from the USA at a cost of £23,600,000.

The Devil's Porridge Museum, Eastriggs, Dumfriesshire, commemorates the efforts of these workers during and after the First World War.

Thomas Goodall Nasmyth
Dr Thomas Goodall Nasmyth FRSE DL JP DPH (28 February 1855 – 16 January 1937) was a Scottish physician, medical author and historian. He served as Medical Officer of Health for Fife, Kinross and Clackmannanshire. He was one of the first (1899) to link Bovine Tuberculosis to the human form, later leading to the widespread use of pasteurisation of milk. He was influential in the decision to bond whisky for 3 years
Childs, New York
Childs is a hamlet in the town of Gaines in Orleans County, New York, United States. It is named after Judge Henry Childs and was previously known as "Proctor's Corners" and "Fair Haven." Childs is the location of the Cobblestone Historic District that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places and designated a National Historic Landmark in 1993.

Gaines, New York
Gaines is a town in Orleans County, New York, United States. The population was 3,226 at the 2020 census, and 3,378 at the 2010 census. The town is named after General Edmund P. Gaines, who defended the area during the War of 1812.

The Town of Gaines is in the north-central part of the county and contains part of the Village of Albion, the county seat. The current supervisor of Gaines is Tyler James Allport.