hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brown carbon
In chemistry, brown carbon (Cbrown/BrC) is a brown smoke that is released by the combustion of organic matter. It coexists with black carbon when released to the atmosphere.

Black carbon is primarily released by high-temperature combustion and brown carbon is emitted mainly by biomass combustion. These two are the two most important light absorbing substances in the atmosphere. The climate and radiative transfer are highly impacted by the absorptive properties of these substances. Aircraft measurements of smoke plumes in the western U.S. have reported varying trends in BrC absorption, including enhancement, depletion, or no significant change. Therefore, the understanding of brown carbon and constraints for atmospheric simulation are critical for the accuracy of climate modeling.

Soot
Soot (/sʊt/ suut) is a mass of impure carbon particles resulting from the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons. Soot is considered a hazardous substance with carcinogenic properties. Most broadly, the term includes all the particulate matter produced by this process, including black carbon and residual pyrolysed fuel particles such as coal, cenospheres, charred wood, and petroleum coke classified as cokes or char. It can include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heavy metals like mercury.

Soot causes various types of cancer and lung disease.
Nantucket Regional Transit Authority
The Nantucket Regional Transit Authority (NRTA) is the public transport authority serving the island of Nantucket, Massachusetts. It operates a small network of shuttle buses and paratransit service year-round.

The NRTA's shuttle bus service, The Wave (also referred to as the NRTA Wave), is branded using blue and white colors. Paratransit service is branded as Your Island Ride using red and white livery.

Nantucket
Nantucket (/ˌnænˈtʌkɪt/) is an island in Massachusetts, United States, about 30 miles (48 km) south of the Cape Cod peninsula. Together with the small islands of Tuckernuck and Muskeget, it constitutes the Town and County of Nantucket, a combined county/town government.  Nantucket is the southeasternmost town in both Massachusetts and the New England region. The name "Nantucket" is adapted from similar Algonquian names for the island.

Nantucket is a tourist destination and summer colony. Due to tourists and seasonal residents, the population of the island increases to around 80,000 during the summer months. The average sale price for a single-family home was $2.3 million in the first quarter of 2018.

The National Park Service cites Nantucket, designated a National Historic Landmark District in 1966, as being the "finest surviving architectural and environmental example of a late 18th- and early 19th-century New England seaport town."
Who Knows (song)
"Who Knows" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Daniel Caesar. The song was released on October 24, 2025, from his fourth studio album Son of Spergy. It was produced by Caesar himself and Matthew Burnett, with additional production from Rex Orange County and Romil Hemnani. The song was released to Italian radio stations on February 6, 2026, as the album's fourth single.

Son of Spergy
Son of Spergy is the fourth studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Daniel Caesar. It was released through Republic Records on October 24, 2025. His reconciliation inspired the album with his parents; "Spergy" is his father's nickname. The album talks about masculinity, faith, and the sense of self-importance. At the Juno Awards of 2026 the album was nominated for Contemporary R&B/Soul Recording of the Year.

The album charted in several international charts, debuting on the top ten of the Billboard Canadian Albums and US Billboard 200, becoming his highest debut on the letter. The album also topped the US Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums. Four singles supported the album: "Have a Baby (With Me)", "Call on Me", "Moon" featuring Bon Iver, and "Who Knows".
Bernhard Rammerstorfer
Bernhard Rammerstorfer (born 1968) is an Austrian author and film director. His book Unbroken Will (German: Nein statt Ja und Amen) is a biography of the Austrian Jehovah's Witness and Holocaust survivor Leopold Engleitner. He later made a documentary film with the same title. His 2012 documentary Ladder in the Lions' Den, made with A. Ferenc Gutai, received a special jury mention at the online European International Film Festival in 2016, and took second place in the "Best Festival Film" category and won the "Best Documentary Film Award" at the Switzerland International Film Festival in 2018.

Leopold Engleitner
Leopold Engleitner (23 July 1905 – 21 April 2013) was an Austrian conscientious objector, as one of Jehovah's Witnesses, and a concentration camp survivor who spoke publicly and with students about his experiences. He was the subject of the documentary Unbroken Will. Before his death, Engleitner was the world's oldest known male Buchenwald, Niederhagen and Ravensbrück concentration camp survivor and the oldest male Austrian.
Topps Minor League Player of the Year Award
The Topps Minor League Player of the Year Award was presented by The Topps Company in conjunction with Minor League Baseball to a minor-league player deemed to have had the most outstanding season. It was awarded annually beginning in 1960, but has not been issued since 2013. A newspaper report of the 1972 result, the first tie in the award's history, noted that winners were selected via a poll of minor league baseball writers.

It has also been known, circa 1970 onward, as the J. G. Taylor Spink Award, although use of that naming has been inconsistent over time. Namesake J. G. Taylor Spink was publisher of The Sporting News from 1914 until his death in 1962.

J. G. Taylor Spink
John George Taylor Spink (November 6, 1888 – December 7, 1962) was the publisher of The Sporting News from 1914 until his death in 1962. He inherited the weekly American baseball newspaper from his father Charles Spink, younger brother of its founder Alfred H. Spink. In 1962, the  Baseball Writers' Association of America established an annual J. G. Taylor Spink Award and named him the first recipient; Spink's name was removed from the award in February 2021 due to his history of supporting segregated baseball.
Jubilee Shout!!!
Jubilee Shout!!! is an album by jazz saxophonist Stanley Turrentine, recorded for the Blue Note label in 1962, but not released until 1986. The selection was originally included on the double LP Jubilee Shouts (1978, BN-LA883-J2), together with some tracks later appeared as Comin' Your Way. Said LP, however, omitted some tracks which may be found on the CD editions of both albums.

Tommy Turrentine
Thomas Walter Turrentine Jr. (April 22, 1928 – May 13, 1997) was a swing and hard bop trumpeter and composer who was active between the 1940s and the 1960s. He rarely worked as a bandleader, and was known for his work as a sideman with drummer Max Roach and his younger brother, the saxophonist Stanley Turrentine.
Independence Fjord
Independence Fjord or Independence Sound is a large fjord or sound in the eastern part of northern Greenland. It is about 200 km (120 mi) long and up to 30 km (19 mi) wide. Its mouth, opening to the Wandel Sea of the Arctic Ocean is located at 82°15′N 21°54′W﻿ / ﻿82.250°N 21.900°W﻿ / 82.250; -21.900.

In the area around Independence Fjord there are traces of two paleo-Eskimo cultures that were named Independence I culture and Independence II culture after the fjord.

Wandel Sea
The Wandel Sea (Danish: Wandelhavet; also known as McKinley Sea) is a body of water in the Greenland Sea, stretching from northeast of Greenland to Svalbard. It is obstructed by ice most of the year.

This sea is named after Danish polar explorer and hydrographer, Vice Admiral Carl Frederick Wandel, who in the years 1895–96 explored the coastal waters of Greenland as part of the Danish Ingolf Expedition.
Renee Props
Renee Props (born February 15, 1962, in Cordell, Oklahoma) is an American actress. She is best known for the role of Ellie Snyder on the CBS daytime soap opera As the World Turns which she played for four years. She is also known to Seinfeld fans as Lois in the sixth-season episode "The Race", and for the role of "Nicki" in the film Get Shorty with Danny DeVito and John Travolta.

Her early break came with a starring role in the "Maigret en Arizona" episode of the French television series Les Enquêtes du Commissaire Maigret, and a couple of years later with John Hughes placing her in his 1985 film Weird Science.

Props has guest-starred on the TV shows Law & Order, Silver Spoons, Knight Rider, Hill Street Blues, The Facts of Life and others. She was a regular on one of the first series Showtime created, Hard Knocks, which also starred Bill Maher.

Hard Knocks (1987 TV series)
Hard Knocks is an American comedy-drama television series that aired on the Showtime Network. It featured Bill Maher and Tommy Hinkley as ideologically opposed private detectives looking to make money by solving the problems of their wealthy clients.
Serres Municipal Stadium
The Serres Municipal Stadium (Greek: Δημοτικό Στάδιο Σερρών, romanized: Dhimotiko Stadio Serron) is a multi-purpose stadium in Serres, Greece.It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home stadium of Panserraikos.The stadium holds 9,500, was built in 1926 and renovated numerous times. The record attendance of the stadium was on 25 June 1972, when 14,200 spectators watched Panserraikos 1–1 draw against AEL for the Beta Ethniki 1971–72 season last match, a result that gave the chance to Panserraikos to get the promotion to Alpha Ethniki.

It hosted the final of the 1988–89 Balkans Cup where OFI defeated Yugoslav side Radnički Niš.

Panserraikos F.C.
Panserraikos Football Club (Greek: ΠΑΕ Πανσερραϊκός), the All-Serres Football Club, is a Greek football club based in Serres in  Greece. Panserraikos is one of the most important and well-supported clubs in northern Greece and had a near-continuous presence in the First Division in the 1960s and 70s. The club currently play in Super League Greece, the top tier of Greek football.
The Hero (1923 film)
The Hero is a  1923 American silent drama film directed by Louis J. Gasnier and starring Gaston Glass, Barbara La Marr, and John St. Polis. It is based upon the 1921 play of the same name by Gilbert Emery.

Louis J. Gasnier
Louis Joseph Gasnier (September 15, 1875 – February 15, 1963) was a French-American film director, producer, screenwriter and stage actor. A cinema pioneer, Gasnier shepherded the early career of comedian Max Linder, co-directed the enormously successful film serial The Perils of Pauline (1914). Gasnier capped his output with the notorious low-budget exploitation film Reefer Madness (1936) which though both a critical and box office failure, became a cult classic.
Walwa, Sangli
Walwa is a taluka in Sangli district in the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is also known as Walwa-Islampur Taluka. There are ninety-five panchayat villages in Walwa Taluka.

It is 205 km from Pune and 351 km from Mumbai. Before independence, Walwa was known for its Prati Sarkar movement, particularly for Kranti singh Nana Patil, Vinayakrao Thorat, 'Rajarambapu Patil' Hutatma Kisan Ahir , 'Lalasaheb Patil' and Nagnath Nayakwadi.

The Krishna River passes through the taluka. The major crops produced in the taluka are sugarcane and grapes. The major occupations are Agriculture and Animal Husbandry.

Nana Patil
Nana Patil (Nana Ramchandra Pisal Patil) (3 August 1900 - 6 December 1976) popularly known as Krantisinh ( lit. 'revolutionary lion'), was an Indian independence activist, freedom fighter and Member of Parliament for the Communist Party of India representing Beed district of Marathwada region. He was a source of inspiration for the people. Earlier, he had been a founder of the revolutionary Prati-Sarkar formed in Yedemachindra Sangli district of west Maharashtra. Krantisinh Nana Patil established a parallel government in Satara district. He died on 6 December 1976.
PABPII
PABPII, or polyadenine binding protein II, is a protein involved in the assembly of the polyadenine tail added to newly synthesized pre-messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules during the process of gene transcription. It is a regulatory protein that controls the rate at which polyadenine polymerase (PAP) adds adenine nucleotides to the 3' end of the growing tail within the nucleus of the cell. In the absence of PABPII, PAP adds adenines slowly, typically about 12. PABPII then binds to the short polyadenine tail and induces an acceleration in the rate of addition by PAP until the tail has grown to about 200 adenines long. The mechanism by which PABPII signals the termination of the polymerization reaction once the tail has reached its required length is not clearly understood.

PABPII is distinct from the related protein PABPI in being localized to the cell nucleus rather than the cytoplasm.

Polynucleotide adenylyltransferase
In enzymology, a polynucleotide adenylyltransferase (EC 2.7.7.19) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ATP + RNA-3'OH  pyrophosphate + RNApA-3'OH

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and RNA, whereas its two products are pyrophosphate and RNA with an extra adenosine nucleotide at its 3' end.

Human genes with this activity include TUT1, MTPAP, PAPOLA, PAPOLB, PAPOLG, TENT2, TENT4A, TENT4B, TENT5C, TENT5D.
Café Comercial
40°25′43.1″N 3°42′7.4″W﻿ / ﻿40.428639°N 3.702056°W﻿ / 40.428639; -3.702056

The Café Comercial is a café located at the Glorieta de Bilbao in central Madrid, Spain. It is one of the city's oldest cafés, founded 21 March 1887 in the era of the Bourbon Restoration in Spain. It was a center for literary tertulias in the period following the Spanish Civil War. A remnant of Madrid's golden age, it was also one of the first Madrid cafés to employ women among those serving tables.

Tertulia
A tertulia (Spanish: [teɾˈtulja], Galician: [teɾˈtuljɐ]; Portuguese: tertúlia [tɨɾˈtuliɐ]; Catalan: tertúlia [təɾˈtuliə]) is a social gathering with literary or artistic overtones, especially in Iberia or in Spanish America. The word can also mean an informal meeting of people to talk about current affairs, arts, etc. The word is originally Spanish, and was later borrowed into Catalan and Portuguese. It is typically not used in English outside of an Iberian or Latin American cultural context.

Occasionally, a tertulia may also describe a television magazine or chat show programme in a similar (albeit perhaps more sensationalist) format to its older counterpart.
Port de Venasque
The Port de Venasque (8,018 feet (2,444 m)) is a mountain pass in the Pyrenees. It lies on the border between France and Spain and is a popular border crossing point for mountaineers and walkers. It can be reached in about two to three hours from the Hospice de France, South of Bagnères-de-Luchon in France.

Bagnères-de-Luchon
Bagnères-de-Luchon (French: [baɲɛʁ də lyʃɔ̃]; Occitan: Banhèras de Luishon), also referred to as just Luchon, is a commune and spa town in the Haute-Garonne department in the Occitanie region of south-western France.

The commune has been awarded three flowers by the National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom in the Competition of cities and villages in Bloom.
Dutch Reformed Church of Gansevoort
Dutch Reformed Church of Gansevoort is a historic Dutch Reformed church at 10 Catherine Street in Gansevoort, Saratoga County, New York.  It was built about 1840 and is a two-story, rectangular brick building on a cut-stone foundation in a vernacular Greek Revival style.  It is topped by a moderately pitched, slate-covered gable roof.  It features a wooden belfry with louvered openings topped with a pedimented gable roof.  The church closed in the 1950s.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995, and was demolished in 1996.

Gansevoort, New York
Gansevoort is a hamlet in the town of Northumberland in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The hamlet of Gansevoort is named for Peter Gansevoort, a hero in the siege of Fort Stanwix (Fort Schuyler) which contributed to the downfall of Burgoyne's army at the Battle of Saratoga during the Revolutionary War.
Asai Man Piyabanna
Asai Man Piyabanna (Sinhala: ආසයි මං පියාඹන්න; transl. I like to fly) is a 2007 Sri Lankan Sinhala musical romantic film directed by Udayakantha Warnasuriya and produced by Dhammika Siriwardana for Alankulama Films. It stars Roshan Ranawana and Pooja Umashankar in lead roles along with Sanath Gunathilake and Upeksha Swarnamali. The music is composed by Rohana Weerasinghe.

The film was released in November 2007 and was a major commercial success in Sri Lanka in that year, as well as receiving positive reviews. It is a remake of the 1999 Bollywood film Taal starring Aishwarya Rai, Anil Kapoor and Akshay Khanna.

Udayakantha Warnasuriya
Udayakantha Warnasuriya is a Sri Lankan film director, producer, screenwriter and author. Considered to be one of Sri Lanka's best film makers, Warnasuriya has made many movies, including Gini Avi Saha Gini Keli, Rosa Wasanthe, Hiripoda Wassa, Randiya Dahara and Asai Man Piyabanna.

By 2018, Warnasuriya had directed 25 films, produced 7 films, wrote 5 film stories, 9 film scripts, 2 film dialogues and 3 film screenplays.
Bryantown, Maryland
Bryantown is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Charles County, Maryland, United States, adjacent to Maryland Route 5. As of the 2010 census, it had a population of 655.

Bryantown stands on land known as Boarman's Manor, a 4,000-acre (16 km2) manor granted to Major William Boarman in 1674.  Bryantown is associated with the flight in 1865 of President Abraham Lincoln's assassin John Wilkes Booth, and its St. Mary's Catholic Church is the burial place of Dr. Samuel Mudd, who lived 5 miles (8.0 km) to the north, and who in November 1864 had first met Booth at the church.

Oakland was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.  The Bryantown Historic District was listed in 1985, and The Lindens in 1990.

St. Mary's Catholic Church (Bryantown, Maryland)
St. Mary's Catholic Church is a parish of the Roman Catholic Church located near Bryantown, Maryland, in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Washington. Established in 1793, it operates a parochial school and houses a large cemetery. St. Mary's Cemetery is most notably the final resting spot of Dr. Samuel Mudd, a physician who set the leg of John Wilkes Booth the day after U.S. President Lincoln's assassination on April 14, 1865.  As such, it is a stop on the Booth's Escape Scenic Byway.

Although Catholic worship in Bryantown was recorded as early as 1654, land for a log cabin church was not set aside until 1743. Construction on the current church began in 1846. It was damaged by fire in 1963, rebuilt, and rededicated in 1966.
Holy Cross Church, Copenhagen
The Holy Cross Church (Danish: Hellig Kors Kirke) is a Church of Denmark parish church located at the corner of Kapelvej (No. 38) and Hans Tavsens Gade   in the Nørrebro district of Copenhagen, Denmark. The church was built in 1887–1890 to a National Romantic design by Hermann Baagøe Storck.

Hans Tavsens Gade
Hans Tavsens Gade is a street which follows the southwest side of Hans Tavsens Park, formerly part of Assistens Cemetery, in the Nørrebro district of Copenhagen, Denmark. The street links Kapelvej in the southeast with Hans Egedes Gade, just south of Jagtvej, in the northwest. The central portion of the street has been closed to car traffic and has a loosely defined boundary with the park.
Gage Roads
Gage Roads is an outer harbour area of Fremantle Harbour. It is situated in the Indian Ocean, offshore from Fremantle, Western Australia, and incorporates a deep water sea channel. Gage Roads serves both as a shipping lane and as an anchorage for sea traffic heading towards the seaport of Fremantle.

With Rottnest Island lying to the west of Gage Roads and Owen Anchorage and Cockburn Sound to the south, Gage Roads was the location of the 1987 America's Cup.

Cockburn Sound
Cockburn Sound (Nyungar: Derbal Nara) is an inlet of the Indian Ocean on the coast of Western Australia.  It extends from the south of the mouth of the Swan River at Fremantle for about 25 kilometres (16 mi) to Point Peron near Rockingham. The total area of the sound is about 100 square kilometres (39 sq mi).

It is bounded on the east by the mainland council areas of Fremantle, Cockburn, Kwinana and Rockingham, on the west by Garden Island and Carnac Island, and includes several rocky outcrops and reefs. Gage Roads lies to the north.

The sound was named in 1827 by Captain James Stirling, probably after Admiral Sir George Cockburn.

The Perth Seawater Desalination Plant can be found here.
Lafe
Lafe is a masculine given name or nickname, often a short form or hypocorism of Lafayette.

People with the name include:

Lafayette B. Gleason (1863–1937), American politician

Lafe McKee (1872–1959), American actor

Lafe Pence (1857–1923), American politician

Lafe Solomon, the National Labor Relations Board's Acting General Counsel in 2010

Charles Lafayette Todd (1911–2004), American folklorist

Lafe Ward (1925–2013), American politician and lawyer

Lafayette (name)
Lafayette or La Fayette, is originally a surname or a toponym coming from the Occitan words la faieta and that designates a beech forest.

Due to the fame of American Revolutionary War commander Marquis de Lafayette, Lafayette is also a given name in the United States.

Notable people with the name include:
Skumalasph Indian Reserve No. 16
Skumalasph Indian Reserve No. 16 is an Indian reserve of the Sto:lo people in the area of the City of Chilliwack, British Columbia, Canada.  Located six miles northwest of downtown Chilliwack and 468.40 ha. in area, it is jointly administered by five band governments, which are:

Aitchelitz First Nation

Kwaw-kwaw-Apilt First Nation

Skway First Nation

Skwah First Nation

Squiala First Nation

Skway First Nation
Skway First Nation, (officially Shxwhá:y Village), is a band government of the  Stó:lō people living in the Fraser Valley of British Columbia, Canada near the city of Chilliwack. The Skway traditionally speak the Upriver dialect of Halkomelem, one of the Salishan family of languages. The band is a member government of the Sto:lo Nation tribal council, and should not be confused with the Skwah First Nation, which is in the same area but is a different band.
Blondes (Have More Fun)
"Blondes (Have More Fun)" is a song written by Rod Stewart and Jim Cregan that was originally released as the title track of Stewart's 1978 album Blondes Have More Fun.  In some countries it was released as the third single off the album, following "Da Ya Think I'm Sexy?" and "Ain't Love a Bitch". It only reached the Top 70 in the UK, topping out at  #63 but reached #23 in Ireland. The song was covered by Vince Neil on the Japanese version of his album Exposed.

Blondes Have More Fun
Blondes Have More Fun is British musician Rod Stewart's ninth studio album, released in November 1978. As was the popular musical trend at the time, it is Stewart's foray into disco music. The album was commercially successful, reaching number 3 in the UK and number 1 in the US, but was critically divisive. The lead single "Da Ya Think I'm Sexy?" became one of Stewart's biggest hits, peaking at No.1 in both the UK and US.