hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Appeal
In law, an appeal is the process in which cases are reviewed by a higher authority, where parties request a formal change to an official decision. Appeals function both as a process for error correction as well as a process of clarifying and interpreting law. Although appellate courts have existed for thousands of years, common law countries did not incorporate an affirmative right to appeal into their jurisprudence until the 19th century.

Judicial review
Judicial review is a process under which a government's executive, legislative, or administrative actions are subject to review by the judiciary.: 79  In a judicial review, a court may invalidate laws, acts, or governmental actions that are incompatible with a higher authority. For example, an executive decision may be invalidated for being unlawful, or a statute may be invalidated for violating the terms of a constitution. Judicial review is one of the checks and balances in the separation of powers—the power of the judiciary to supervise (judicial supervision) the legislative and executive branches when the latter exceed their authority.

The doctrine varies between jurisdictions, so the procedure and scope of judicial review may differ between and within countries. The judiciary in United States has been described as having unusually strong powers of judicial review from a comparative perspective.
Sentences: The Life of MF Grimm
Sentences: The Life of MF Grimm is a 2007 graphic novel written by hip hop artist Percy Carey, better known as MF Grimm. The comic details his life from childhood through his adult years, ending with the writing of the book. The story sees his highs and lows, as he suffers from a life of crime as well as being a recording artist. The comic has received two Eisner Award nominations, and two Glyph Awards.

MF Grimm
Percy Carey (born June 11, 1970), also known by the stage names MF Grimm, Grimm Reaper, GM Grimm and originally Build and Destroy, is an American underground rapper, music producer, CEO, and Eisner Award-nominated comic book writer from New York City. Grimm has released five solo albums, five collaborative albums and two compilation albums.
New Central Airservice
New Central Airservice is an airline with its headquarters on the grounds of Ryūgasaki Airfield in Ryūgasaki, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. It operates domestic services and its main base is Chōfu Airport, Tokyo.

Ryūgasaki Airfield
Ryūgasaki Airfield (龍ヶ崎飛行場, Ryūgasaki Hikōjō) is a privately owned airfield in the city Ryūgasaki, Ibaraki, Japan.

The airport was opened on November 11, 1969, as a private venture by Nissho Iwai. Although there are no scheduled flights, it is a base for light aircraft and pilot training. Due to its proximity to Narita International Airport, the airspace around the airport is under traffic control by Narita, and there are certain restrictions on operations. The runway is also used as a drag racing course.

The airport contains the headquarters of New Central Airservice.
Alex Carey (writer)
Alexander Edward Carey (1 December 1922 – 30 November 1987) was an Australian social psychologist and university lecturer who analysed corporate propaganda. Carey influenced Noam Chomsky, Edward S. Herman and was called a "second Orwell in his prophesies" by Australian journalist and author John Pilger.

Gabrielle Carey
Gabrielle Carey (10 January 1959 – 2 May 2023) was an Australian writer who co-wrote the teen novel, Puberty Blues with Kathy Lette. This novel was the first teenage novel published in Australia that was written by teenagers. Carey became a senior lecturer in the Creative Writing program at the University of Technology Sydney, studying James Joyce and Randolph Stow.
14th Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party
The 14th Secretariat, formally the Secretariat of the 14th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, was nominated by the 14th Politburo Standing Committee and approved by the first plenary session of the 14th Central Committee on 19 October 1992, in the aftermath of the 14th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). This electoral term was preceded by the 13th Secretariat and succeeded by the 15th in 1997.

13th Secretariat of the Chinese Communist Party
The 13th Secretariat, formally the Secretariat of the 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, was nominated by the 13th Politburo Standing Committee and approved by the 1st Plenary Session of the 13th Central Committee on 2 November 1987, in the aftermath of the 13th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). This electoral term was preceded by the 12th Secretariat and succeeded by the 14th in 1992.
A Mary Mary Christmas
A Mary Mary Christmas is the fourth studio album by American duo Mary Mary. It was released by Columbia Records on October 10, 2006 in the United States. The album is a follow-up to their self-titled third album (2005). Produced by Warryn Campbell, it is Mary Mary's first Christmas album and consists of eleven tracks, featuring original songs co-penned with Campbell as well as cover versions of Christmas standards and carols. In 2007, A Mary Mary Christmas was nominated for a Dove Award for Christmas Album of the Year at the 38th GMA Dove Awards.

38th GMA Dove Awards
The 38th Annual GMA Dove Awards were held on April 25, 2007 recognizing accomplishments of musicians for the year 2006. The show was held at the Grand Ole Opry House in Nashville, Tennessee, and was hosted by Brian Littrell, Natalie Grant, and Donnie McClurkin. This was the first year in which the awards were called the "GMA Dove Awards" since the 2006 edition was called the "GMA Music Awards".

Nominations were announced earlier on February 20, 2007 by Juanita Bynum, Brian Littrell and Thor Ramsey at the Hilton Nashville Downtown in Music City, Tennessee.

Following the success from the previous year, Chris Tomlin won six awards, including Artist of the Year and Male Vocalist of the Year. Aaron Shust won three awards, including New Artist of the Year. Casting Crowns, Jars of Clay, KJ-52, Gaither Vocal Band, and The Lewis Family each won two awards.
Pęczerzyński Młyn
Pęczerzyński Młyn [pɛnt͡ʂɛˈʐɨɲski ˈmwɨn] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Brzeżno, within Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Brzeżno
Gmina Brzeżno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the village of Brzeżno, which lies approximately 12 kilometres (7 mi) south of Świdwin and 80 km (50 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 110.84 square kilometres (42.8 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 2,856.
Same Girl (R. Kelly and Usher song)
"Same Girl" is a song by American R&B singers R. Kelly and Usher from the former's 2007 album, Double Up. The song was recorded over a year by upcoming R&B group Nephu. R. Kelly and Usher's version leaked to the Internet on May 2, 2007, and later leaked to radio stations. This song was number 26 on Rolling Stone's list of the 100 Best Songs of 2007.

Double Up (R. Kelly album)
Double Up is the eighth studio album by American singer-songwriter R. Kelly. It was released by Jive Records on May 29, 2007 in the United States, with distribution handled by Zomba Label Group. The album features the contributions with guest appearances and also the productions, which was handled by R. Kelly, along with Swizz Beatz, The Runners, Snoop Dogg, Khao, Nelly, Chamillionaire and Polow da Don.

Its lead single, his remix to "I'm a Flirt", which features guest vocals from American rapper T.I. and American recording artist T-Pain; attaining the prominence of the success on the Billboard's Top 40 charts, while it peaked at number one on the US Top Hot Rap Tracks chart. Double Up is Kelly's final studio album to top the Billboard 200.
Bonkers (song)
"Bonkers" is a song by English rapper Dizzee Rascal and American producer Armand van Helden. It is the first single released from Rascal's fourth studio album, Tongue n' Cheek. Rascal released the track under his own record label, Dirtee Stank Recordings on 17 May 2009 in the United Kingdom, entering at the top of the UK Singles Chart, marking Dizzee's second number-one single, third top-ten single and eleventh top-forty hit on the chart. This was also Van Helden's third number-one single, his first in ten years (with "You Don't Know Me" being his previous number-one single). In October 2011, NME placed it at number 59 on its list "150 Best Tracks of the Past 15 Years".

Tongue n' Cheek
Tongue n' Cheek is the fourth studio album by British rapper Dizzee Rascal. The album was released on 20 September 2009 and includes the number one singles, "Dance wiv Me", "Bonkers", "Holiday" and "Dirtee Disco". It has been certified platinum by the BPI for sales of over 300,000, making it the best-selling album of Rascal's career.
Edward Larrabee Barnes
Edward Larrabee Barnes (April 22, 1915 – September 22, 2004) was an American architect. His work was characterized by the "fusing [of] Modernism with vernacular architecture and understated design." Barnes was best known for his adherence to strict geometry, simple monolithic shapes and attention to material detail. Among his best-known projects are the Haystack School, Christian Theological Seminary, Dallas Museum of Art, the Walker Art Center, 599 Lexington Avenue, the Thurgood Marshall Federal Judiciary Building, and the IBM Building at 590 Madison Avenue.

Asia Society
The Asia Society is a 501(c)(3) organization that focuses on educating the world about Asia. It has several centers in the United States (Manhattan, Washington, D.C., Houston, Los Angeles, San Francisco and Seattle) and around the world (Hong Kong, Manila, Seoul, Melbourne, Sydney, Tokyo, Mumbai, Delhi, Paris and Zurich). The Society's headquarters are in New York City, and includes a museum that exhibits pre-modern, modern, and contemporary art from Asia, Oceania and the Asian diaspora. Asia Society also publishes an online magazine, ChinaFile.

In January 2024, Kyung-wha Kang, who served as the first female Minister of Foreign Affairs of South Korea, from 2017 to 2021, was named its president and CEO, effective in April 2024. Asia Society has been described as a participant in the Chinese Communist Party's "backchannel" diplomatic efforts.
Oberheim Two Voice
The Oberheim Two Voice (TVS) is an analogue synthesizer produced by Oberheim Electronics from 1975 to 1979. It can be operated in either polyphonic or monophonic mode, and includes an onboard 8-step sequencer. The Two Voice was the first of Oberheim's Polyphonic Synthesizer series, and one of the first commercially available polyphonic synthesizers.

Oberheim Electronics
Oberheim is an American synthesizer manufacturer founded in 1969 by Tom Oberheim. Beginning in 1975, Oberheim developed some of the first commercially available polyphonic synthesizers and was a prominent synthesizer and drum machine manufacturer through the mid-1980s. In 1988, the company changed ownership and was eventually purchased by Gibson Guitar Corporation, which developed new Oberheim products and licensed the trademark to other companies that produced Oberheim products, but development of Oberheim products ceased after 2000. In 2009, Tom Oberheim began developing instruments through his own company, and in 2019, Gibson returned the Oberheim trademark to Tom Oberheim, whose company rebranded as Oberheim.
Sundarakilladi
Sundarakilladi is a 1998 Indian Malayalam-language survival drama film directed by Murali Krishnan and written and produced by Fazil. It stars Dileep, Shalini, Nedumudi Venu, Kuthiravattom Pappu, Nandu, Reshmi Boban and Ashokan in the lead roles. The story takes place in Swapnabhoomi, a village suffering from water shortage, Premachandran, the son of a renowned well digger arrives to dig a well on their offer.

Kuthiravattam Pappu
Panangat Padmadalakshan, better known by his stage name Kuthiravattam Pappu (24 December 1936 – 25 February 2000), was a popular Indian stage and film actor. His repertoire of acting was based on his unique style and use of the Kozhikodan dialect, impeccable timing and the capability to grasp the subtle nuances of any character and mould it into his signature "Pappu style". He acted in over a thousand Malayalam films. He made his debut in a small comic role in Bhargavi Nilayam. His character was named Kuthiravattom, a name that stuck for the rest of his career.
Here Comes the Grump
Here Comes the Grump is an American animated television series produced by DePatie–Freleng Enterprises and aired Saturday mornings on NBC from 1969 to 1970. It was later shown in reruns on Sci-Fi Channel's Cartoon Quest.

Structured as a battle between good and evil, the show was played for comedy. The Grump, the purportedly-threatening villain of the piece, was voiced by extravagant prop comic Rip Taylor.

Cartoon Quest
Cartoon Quest was a block of mostly animated television shows that aired on the Sci Fi Channel starting in 1992. Similar to USA's Cartoon Express, it featured reruns of various older cartoons interspersed with interstitial segments; in this case, focusing on a live-action family (all clad in loincloths) exploring a strange region. During its run, the block aired every Saturday from 7:00 AM to 11:00 AM EST.

This block ended in 1995, and was replaced by The Animation Station.
Kiss and Tell (1945 film)
Kiss and Tell is a 1945 American comedy film starring then 17-year-old Shirley Temple as Corliss Archer. In the film, two teenage girls cause their respective parents much concern when they start to become interested in boys. The parents' bickering about which girl is the worse influence causes more problems than it solves.

The movie was based on the Broadway play Kiss and Tell, which was based on the Corliss Archer short stories. The stories, play and movie were all written by F. Hugh Herbert. A sequel film, A Kiss for Corliss, was released in 1949 and also starred Temple, but was not written by Herbert.

The $400,000 paid to George Abbott and Herbert for the play's film rights was a then-record in Hollywood.

Kiss and Tell (play)
Kiss and Tell is a 1943 Broadway play by F. Hugh Herbert.

Kiss and Tell starred Joan Caulfield as Corliss Archer and Judith Parrish as her friend Mildred Pringle.  The play's great success led to offers from Hollywood for Caulfield, who left the production almost one year to the day from when it opened, and was replaced in her role by her sister Betty Caulfield.
Defiance, Ohio
Defiance is a city in Defiance County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 17,066 at the 2020 census. It is located at the confluence of the Auglaize and Maumee rivers about 55 miles (89 km) southwest of Toledo and 47 miles (76 km) northeast of Fort Wayne, Indiana, in Ohio's northwestern corner.

Auglaize River
The Auglaize River (Shawnee: Kathinakithiipi) is a 113-mile-long (182 km) tributary of the Maumee River in northwestern Ohio in the United States. It drains a primarily rural farming area in the watershed of Lake Erie. The name of the river was derived from the French term for it. The French called it "rivière à la Grande Glaize" (later spelled as "glaise", meaning river of Great Clay), referring to the soil in the area.
The Moving Image (poetry collection)
The Moving Image is a collection of poems by Australian poet Judith Wright, published by Meanjin Press in 1946.

The collection contains 24 poems from a variety of sources, such as Poetry, The Bulletin, and Meanjin, with some being published here for the first time.

Judith Wright
Judith Arundell Wright (31 May 1915 – 25 June 2000) was an Australian poet, environmentalist and campaigner for Aboriginal land rights. She was a recipient of the Christopher Brennan Award and nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1964, 1965 and 1967.
Szczytniki, Drawsko County
Szczytniki [ʂt͡ʂɨtˈniki] (German: Groß Schönberg) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Ostrowice, within Drawsko County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) north-east of Ostrowice, 18 km (11 mi) north-east of Drawsko Pomorskie, and 97 km (60 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Gmina Ostrowice
Gmina Ostrowice was a rural gmina (administrative district) in Drawsko County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat was the village of Ostrowice, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) north-east of Drawsko Pomorskie and 96 km (60 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covered an area of 150.42 square kilometres (58.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population was 2,531.

The gmina contained part of the protected area called Drawsko Landscape Park. The gmina was divided between Gmina Drawsko Pomorskie and Gmina Złocieniec on January 1, 2019, because of bankruptcy, being the first municipality to do so in Poland.
Sandbars in Hong Kong
Sandbars in Hong Kong:

Ap Lei Chau - Ap Lei Pai, Hong Kong

Cheung Chau, Hong Kong

Lung Kwu Chau, Hong Kong

Pui O, Hong Kong

Sha Chau, Hong Kong

Shek O Headland - Tai Tau Chau, Hong Kong

Yim Tin Tsai - Ma Shi Chau, Hong Kong

Tai Tau Chau (Southern District)
Tai Tau Chau is an island in the Southern District, Hong Kong. Geographically, it is located in the southern Hong Kong Island. It connected to the Shek O Headland by a footbridge and a gravelbar (tombolo) under it. The island itself is uninhabited.
Fitchmoor, Illinois
Fitchmoor is an unincorporated community in LaSalle County, Illinois, located on Meridian Road near the Bureau County line. It contains a few farmhouses, and a grain elevator, known until very recently as Fitchmoor Grain. It was purchased by Archer Daniels Midland and became ADM Fitchmoor.

LaSalle County, Illinois
LaSalle County is a county located within the Fox Valley and Illinois River Valley regions of the U.S. state of Illinois. As of the 2020 Census, it had a population of 109,658. Its county seat and largest city is Ottawa. LaSalle County is part of the Ottawa, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area of Northern Illinois.

LaSalle County borders Woodford, Marshall, Putnam, Bureau, Livingston, Lee, DeKalb, Kendall, and Grundy counties. Though LaSalle County is in the Chicago media market, it retains a unique identity with a mix of river towns and vast expanses of farmland. The county lies at the intersection of the Chicago, Peoria, Quad Cities and Rockford television markets with all four regions broadcasting within its borders and having a strong influence on the area, despite the county being only 60 miles (97 km) southwest of Chicago.
Catawba, North Carolina
Catawba is a town in Catawba County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, Catawba had a population of 702. It is part of the Hickory–Lenoir–Morganton Metropolitan Statistical Area. As with the county, the name recalls the Catawba people, the indigenous people who once inhabited the area.

Hickory–Lenoir–Morganton metropolitan area
The Hickory–Lenoir–Morganton, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of four counties, Catawba, Burke, Caldwell, Alexander. It is located in the Catawba Valley region of western North Carolina. Local residents often refer to the area as The Unifour, although this name is largely unknown outside of the region.

The U.S. Census Bureau includes the Unifour in the larger Charlotte-Concord, NC Combined Statistical Area.

The 2000 census gives the MSA's population as 341,851, with a July 1, 2009, estimate placing the population at 365,364.
Kremmen Railway
The Kremmen Railway (German: Kremmener Bahn) is a line in northern Berlin and Brandenburg, Germany. It branches off the Prussian Northern Railway in the Berlin district of Reinickendorf, north of Schönholz station (formerly Schönholz-Reinickendorf) and then passes through Tegel, Hennigsdorf and Velten to Kremmen. There it connects with the Kremmen–Meyenburg line opened in 1898 to Neuruppin.

In contrast to the main line railways that had been built to that time, the Kremmen Railway was the first branch line opened in Berlin. Moreover, it did not have its own terminal station but from the beginning it terminated at the Stettiner Bahnhof. The southern end of the line is now served by Berlin S-Bahn line S25.

Berlin Nordbahnhof
Berlin Nordbahnhof (lit. 'Berlin North station') is a railway station in the Mitte district of Berlin, Germany. It is served by the Berlin S-Bahn and local bus and tram lines. Until 1950, the station was known as Stettiner Bahnhof.
Chandni Chowk Assembly constituency
Chandni Chowk Assembly constituency is one of the 70 Delhi Legislative Assembly constituencies of Delhi in northern India.
Chandni Chowk assembly constituency is a part of Chandni Chowk (Lok Sabha constituency).

Chandni Chowk Lok Sabha constituency
Chandni Chowk Lok Sabha constituency is one of the seven Lok Sabha (parliamentary)  constituencies in the Indian National Capital Territory of Delhi. This constituency came into existence in 1956. It is the smallest constituency of Lok Sabha in terms of area.
2022 Bharatpur municipal election
Municipal election for Bharatpur took place on 13 May 2022, with all 147 positions up for election across 29 wards. The electorate elected a mayor, a deputy mayor, 29 ward chairs and 116 ward members. An indirect election will also be held to elect five female members and an additional three female members from the Dalit and minority community to the municipal executive.

Renu Dahal of CPN (Maoist Centre) was re-elected as mayor winning 48.3% of the votes and Nepali Congress gained control of the council.

Bharatpur, Nepal
Bharatpur (/ˈbʌrətpʊr/, Nepali: भरतपुर, pronounced [ˈbʱʌɾʌt̪pur] ⓘ) is a metropolitan city in south central Nepal. It is the third most populous city of Nepal after Kathmandu and Pokhara with  369,377 inhabitants in 2021. It is also the second largest metropolitan city in Nepal by area. It is the district headquarter of the Chitwan District.

Bharatpur is one of the fastest-growing cities in Nepal. It lies on the eastern bank of the Narayani River and serves as a commercial center of the Chitwan district and the central region of Nepal. Most of the shopping area lies in the area of Narayangadh, while government offices, hospitals and colleges are situated in other parts of the city, including Nepal's premier cancer hospital, B.P Koirala Memorial Cancer Hospital.

In March 2017, Bharatpur was declared a metropolitan city after Narayani Municipality, Chitrawan Municipality and Kabilas Village were merged into it.
George R. Henderson Medal
The George R. Henderson Medal is an award established by the Franklin Institute in honor of George R. Henderson in 1924, coinciding with a $2,500 fund for the award contributed by his wife. George R. Henderson served on the Franklin Institute's Committee on Science and the Arts from 1912 until 1921. The award was designated to go to individuals who made meritorious inventions or discoveries in the field of railway engineering.

Franklin Institute
The Franklin Institute is a science museum and a center of science education and research in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is named after the American scientist and statesman Benjamin Franklin. It houses the Benjamin Franklin National Memorial. Founded in 1824, the Franklin Institute is one of the oldest centers of science education and development in the United States. Its chief astronomer is Derrick Pitts.