hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ibn al-Shatir
ʿAbu al-Ḥasan Alāʾ al‐Dīn bin Alī bin Ibrāhīm bin Muhammad bin al-Matam al-Ansari, known as Ibn al-Shatir or Ibn ash-Shatir (Arabic: ابن الشاطر; 1304–1375) was an Arab astronomer, mathematician and engineer. He worked as muwaqqit (موقت, timekeeper) in the Umayyad Mosque in Damascus and constructed a sundial for its minaret in 1371/72.

Equant
Equant (or punctum aequans) is a mathematical concept developed by Claudius Ptolemy in the 2nd century AD to account for the observed motion of the planets. The equant is used to explain the observed speed change in different stages of the planetary orbit. This planetary concept allowed Ptolemy to keep the theory of uniform circular motion alive by stating that the path of heavenly bodies was uniform around one point and circular around another point.

Ptolemy does not have a word for the equant – he used expressions such as "the eccentre producing the mean motion".
West Chester Golden Rams
The West Chester Golden Rams represent West Chester University of Pennsylvania, which is located in West Chester, Pennsylvania, in intercollegiate sports. They compete in the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference (PSAC) in NCAA Division II.

The university currently fields 23 varsity Division II men's and women's teams.

The men's basketball team is coached by Damien Blair and won its first NCAA Division II Tournament game in 2018. In 2019–20, the team was ranked eighth and began the season on a 13-game win streak.

The Men's soccer team is coached by Michael Benn, who has been with the Golden Rams for 10 years. He has led them to the NCAA Division II Tournament 4 times, one trip seeing them go to the National final and the PSAC conference tournament 7 times as of 2021.

West Chester University
West Chester University of Pennsylvania (WCUPA), commonly known as West Chester University (WCU), is a public research university in West Chester, Pennsylvania, United States. The university is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education and classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". With 17,275 undergraduate and graduate students as of 2022, WCU is the largest of the 10 state-owned universities belonging to the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE) and the sixth largest university in Pennsylvania. It also maintains a Center City Philadelphia satellite campus on Market Street.
Zytglogge
The Zytglogge (Bernese German: [ˈtsiˌkːlɔkːə]; lit. 'time bell') is a landmark medieval tower in Bern, Switzerland. Built in the early 13th century, it has served the city as a guard tower, prison, clock tower, centre of urban life and civic memorial.

Despite the many redecorations and renovations it has undergone in its 800 years of existence, the Zytglogge is one of Bern's most recognisable symbols and the oldest monument of the city, and with its 15th-century astronomical clock, a major tourist attraction. It is a heritage site of national significance, and part of the Old City of Bern, a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Clock tower
Clock towers are a specific type of structure that house a turret clock and have one or more clock faces on the upper exterior walls. Many clock towers are freestanding structures but they can also adjoin or be located on top of another building. Some other buildings also have clock faces on their exterior but these structures serve other main functions.

Clock towers are a common sight in many parts of the world with some being iconic buildings. One example is the Elizabeth Tower in London (usually called "Big Ben", although strictly this name belongs only to the bell inside the tower).
Robin Hull
Robin Hull (born 16 August 1974) is a Finnish former professional snooker player.

For some time, he was the sole Nordic player on the game's main tour. He is known as a solid break-builder, having compiled over 150 competitive centuries during his career, among the highest for a player who has never featured in the top 16 in the world rankings.

Hull is one of six players to have missed the final black in attempting a maximum break, alongside Ken Doherty, Thepchaiya Un-Nooh (three times), Barry Pinches, Mark Selby and Liang Wenbo.

Thepchaiya Un-Nooh
Thepchaiya Un-Nooh (Thai: เทพไชยา อุ่นหนู, RTGS: Thepchaiya Unnu; born 18 April 1985) is a Thai professional snooker player.

He has won one ranking event, the 2019 Snooker Shoot Out, and finished as runner-up in the 2019 World Open. He is regarded as one of the fastest snooker players on the World Tour, averaging less than 17 seconds per shot during the 2017–18 and the 2019–20 snooker seasons.
California Institute of Integral Studies
The California Institute of Integral Studies (CIIS) is a private graduate school (with limited undergraduate offerings) in San Francisco. Founded in 1968 as the California Institute of Asian Studies, the school adopted its current name in 1980. CIIS has been regionally accredited by the Western Association of Schools and Colleges since 1981.

While most programs fall into the general categories of psychology and spirituality, degrees offered range from "Anthropology and Social Change" to "Transformative Leadership" to "Psychedelic Studies." The term "Integral" in the school's name refers to Aurobindo's Integral Yoga (purnayoga), here interpreted as the integration of mind, body, and spirit.

Since 1999, the main location of CIIS has been in the SoMa area, on the border with the Civic Center and Mission districts.

Judith Tyberg
Judith Tyberg (1902–1980) was an American yogi ("Jyotipriya"), Sanskrit scholar, and orientalist. She authored The Language of the Gods as well as two other texts in Sanskrit. She was the founder and guiding spirit of the East-West Cultural Center in Los Angeles, California, an institution through which many Indian yogis and spiritual teachers of various Eastern and mystical traditions were first introduced to America and the West.
Taylor Larson
Taylor Larson (born April 28, 1988) is an American record producer, mixer, and audio engineer. He has produced, engineered, and/or mixed tracks for Asking Alexandria, Periphery, From First to Last, I See Stars, Veil of Maya, Within Temptation, the Dangerous Summer, Conditions, and Sky Eats Airplane. He is the guitarist of the Evening.

Veil of Maya
Veil of Maya is an American metalcore band formed in Chicago in 2004. It consists of guitarist Marc Okubo, drummer Sam Applebaum, and bassist Danny Hauser. They are signed to Sumerian Records and have released seven albums including their most recent, Mother (2023).
Otanoshike Station
Otanoshike Station (大楽毛駅, Otanoshike-eki) is a railway station located in the city of  Kushiro, Hokkaidō, Japan. It is operated by JR Hokkaido. The station is also a freight depot for the Japan Freight Railway Company (JR Freight).

Kushiro
Kushiro (釧路市, Kushiro-shi) is a city in Kushiro Subprefecture on the island of Hokkaido, Japan. Located along the coast of the North Pacific Ocean, it serves as the subprefecture's capital and it is the most populated city in the eastern part of the island.  As of 31 October 2025, the city had an estimated population of 151,833 in 90771 households, and a population density of 111 people per km2. The total area of the city is 1,363.26 km2 (526.36 sq mi).
River Till, Wiltshire
The River Till rises near Tilshead on Salisbury Plain in the English county of Wiltshire. It flows for about 14 km (9 miles) south and south-east, through Orcheston, Maddington, Shrewton, Winterbourne Stoke, Berwick St James and Stapleford, to join the River Wylye.

The upper part of the river is a winterbourne, flowing only in winter and early spring. The whole length of the Till has been designated as a Site of Special Scientific Interest, as its vegetation includes water crowfoot which provides habitat for fish and snails.

Although Tilshead village appears to be named from the river, the opposite applies. The village name was first used in the 16th century, and comes from older names based on "Theodwulf's hide" (recorded in Domesday Book as Tidolthide). The river was called the Winterbourne until around the start of the 20th century, when the name River Till began to be used on Ordnance Survey maps.

Orcheston
Orcheston (OR-Chest-ton) is a village and civil parish in Wiltshire, England, lying on Salisbury Plain less than a mile north-west of neighbouring Shrewton. The present-day parish combines the two former parishes of Orcheston St Mary and Orcheston St George and includes the hamlet of Elston. In 2011 the parish had a population of 327.
Main Caucasian Range
The Main Caucasian Range is a mountain range in the Russian Federation, Georgia and Azerbaijan. It is the dividing range of the Greater Caucasus.

The protected areas of the range are the Teberda Nature Reserve, Kabardino-Balkaria Nature Reserve and the North Ossetia Nature Reserve.

North Ossetia Nature Reserve
North Ossetia Nature Reserve (Russian: Северо-Осетинский заповедник) (also Severo-Osetinsky) is a Russian 'zapovednik' (strict nature reserve)  in the high mountains on the northern slope of the Caucasus Mountains with the heights ranging from 650 meters - 4,249 meters.  There are 76 glaciers in the reserve with a total area of 37 km2 (14 sq mi).  The site is centered on the Ardon River valley, in the Alagirsky District of North Ossetia-Alania. It was formally created in 1967, and covers a total area of 29,000 ha (110 sq mi).
2005 Tour de Georgia
The 2005 Tour de Georgia was the third annual bicycle road racing event held in the state of Georgia, United States. The six-day, six stage 550 mile (1033.4 km) race was held April 19 through April 24, 2005 with the overall title and yellow jersey won by Tom Danielson of the Discovery Channel. However, Danielson in 2012, was disqualified due to doping, along with a number of other riders. This left the first non-disqualified rider as Floyd Landis.

New Zealander Greg Henderson (Health Net Pro Cycling Team Presented by Maxxis) claimed the points jersey for sprinters, while Discovery Channel's José Luis Rubiera won the King of the Mountains competition for climbers. Trent Lowe (Jittery Joe's–Kalahari) won the Best Young Rider (blue jersey) competition.

Tom Danielson
Thomas Danielson (born March 13, 1978) is an American retired professional road racing cyclist who competed professionally between 2002 and 2015 for the Mercury Cycling Team (2002), the Saturn Cycling Team (2003), Fassa Bortolo (2004), Discovery Channel (2005–2007) and Cannondale–Garmin (2008–2015). He had been suspended twice for doping in his career.
Schenevus, New York
Schenevus is a hamlet (and census-designated place) in the town of Maryland in southeastern Otsego County, New York, United States. According to the 2010 census, the population was 551. The Schenevus Central School district covers the towns of Maryland, Westford, Milford, Decatur and Roseboom. The Schenevus Carousel and Twentieth Century Steam Riding Gallery No. 409 are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

New York State Route 7 runs through the center of Schenevus, and Interstate 88 passes just to the south, serving the CDP via exit 18.

Schenevus was an incorporated village from 1870 to 1994.

Otsego County, New York
Otsego County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,524. The county seat is Cooperstown. The county's population center is Oneonta. The name Otsego is from a Mohawk or Oneida word meaning "place of the rock." The county is part of the Mohawk Valley region of the state.
Diyi
Diyi (Chinese: 翟衣; lit. 'pheasant garment'; Korean: 적의; Hanja: 翟衣), also known as huiyi (袆衣; 褘衣) and miaofu (庙服), is the historical Chinese attire worn by the empresses of the Song dynasty and by the empresses and crown princesses (wife of crown prince) in the Ming Dynasty. The diyi also had different names based on its colour, such as yudi (indigo), quedi (red), and weidi (black). It is a formal wear meant only for ceremonial purposes. It is a form of shenyi (深衣), and is embroidered with long-tail pheasants (翟; dí or 褘; hui) and circular flowers (小輪花; xiǎolúnhuā). It is worn with guan known as a fengguan ('phoenix crown'), typically characterized by the absence of dangling string of pearls by the sides. It was first recorded under the name huiyi in the Zhou dynasty.

Guan (headwear)
Guan (Chinese: 冠; pinyin: guān), literally translated as hat or cap or crown in English, is a general term which refers to a type of headwear in Hanfu which covers a small area of the upper part of the head instead of the entire head.: 16  The guan was typically a formal form of headwear which was worn together with its corresponding court dress attire. There were sumptuary laws which regulated the wearing of guan; however, these laws were not fixed; and thus, they would differ from dynasty to dynasty. There were various forms and types of guan.: 16
MacArthur Causeway
The General Douglas MacArthur Causeway is a six-lane causeway that connects Downtown Miami to South Beach via Biscayne Bay in Miami-Dade County.

The highway is the singular roadway connecting the mainland and beaches to Watson Island and the bay neighborhoods of Palm Island, Hibiscus Island, and Star Island. The MacArthur Causeway carries State Road 836 and State Road A1A over the Biscayne Bay via a girder bridge. Interstate 395 ends at Fountain Street, the entrance to Palm Island Park which has a traffic light as well as bus stops.

Palm Island (Miami Beach)
Palm Island is a neighborhood in the city of Miami Beach on a man-made island in Biscayne Bay, Florida, United States; just south of Hibiscus Island. It is a residential neighborhood with high property values, solely accessible by land via the MacArthur Causeway. The entire island has an area of 82 acres (33 ha).
El armario
El armario  (English: The Cupboard) is a 2001 Argentine film directed and written by Gustavo Corrado. The film premiered on 3 May 2001 in Buenos Aires. The film starred Jean Pierre Reguerraz and Pamela Rementería, who was nominated for a Silver Condor Best Actress Award for her performance. Also starring Adolfo Coroa and Lelia Dondoglio.

Jean Pierre Reguerraz
Jean-Pierre Reguerraz (1939 – November 2, 2007) was an Argentine stage and film actor noted for his deep bass voice. Born in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in 1939 of French parents, he studied acting in Europe before returning to Argentina in 1960 for various stage roles. He performed at the Teatro Payro in Marathon, Rayuela, and Ivanov.

He appeared in 35 films, mostly in supporting roles, including the critically acclaimed El Armario in 2001. In the 2006 Oscar-entry film Family Law, which was distributed in the United States, he played "Uncle Eduardo", a shady attorney. Movie critic Ty Burr of The Boston Globe said Family Law "gets a lift" from Reguerraz' portrayal. Other films include El Amor y la ciudad (2006) and Garage Olimpo (1999), as "Juan Carlos". His last film appearance was in Luisa, filmed in mid-2007.

Reguerraz died at age 68 on November 2, 2007, after what was described as a "long illness".
OCA–DLR Asteroid Survey
The OCA–DLR Asteroid Survey (ODAS) was an astronomical survey to search for small Solar System bodies focusing on near-Earth objects in the late 1990s. This European scientific project was a collaboration between the French Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA) and the German Aerospace Center (DLR). The survey is credited for the discovery of one comet and more than 1000 minor planets during 1996–1999.

Côte d'Azur Observatory
The Côte d'Azur Observatory (French: Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, pronounced [ɔpsɛʁvatwaʁ də la kot dazyʁ], OCA) is a network of astronomical observatories throughout southern France (Alpes-Maritimes district). It originated in 1988 with the merger of two observatories:

Nice Observatory

Centre de recherches en géodynamique et astrométrie (CERGA)

Cote d'Azur Observatory tested beam combining technology at CHARA array.

Astronomers developed a theory about M-Type asteroids, that may be tested by the planned spacecraft Psyche.
Salt Lake Marriott Downtown at City Creek
The Salt Lake Marriott Downtown at City Creek is a Marriott International operated hotel located at City Creek Center in downtown Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The hotel opened as the Salt Lake City Marriott Hotel on October 15, 1981 (with a grand opening on October 22), and was originally connected to Crossroads Plaza mall. In the late 2000s, the hotel underwent a name change and a multimillion-dollar renovation when Crossroads Plaza was razed and replaced with City Creek Center. During the 2002 Winter Olympics, the west side of the building had a full size wrap with the image of an athlete.

Crossroads Plaza (Salt Lake City)
Crossroads Plaza was a shopping mall in downtown Salt Lake City, Utah, United States that operated from 1980 to 2007, before being demolished to make way for City Creek Center.

The mall was developed by a consortium, called Crossroads Plaza Associates. In 2003, the mall was purchased by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), which also owned the neighboring ZCMI Center Mall. The church replaced both malls with City Creek Center to prevent urban decay near its downtown headquarters (including Temple Square).
August 2010 Baghlia bombing
36°49′05″N 3°51′29″E﻿ / ﻿36.8180379°N 3.8580943°E﻿ / 36.8180379; 3.8580943

The August 2010 Baghlia bombing occurred on August 18, 2010 when a bomb detonated against a convoy of the Algerian People's National Armed Forces in the town of Baghlia, Boumerdès Province, Algeria killing 3 and injuring 5. The Al-Qaeda Organization in the Islamic Maghreb is suspected as being responsible.

Baghlia
Baghlia (Arabic بغلية) is a town and commune in the Baghlia District of Boumerdès Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 15,854.

During the colonial period, it was given the name of Rébeval, after Napoleonic general Joseph Boyer de Rébeval.
Kakusandha
Kakusandha (Pāli), or Krakucchanda in Sanskrit, is one of the ancient Buddhas whose biography is chronicled in chapter 22 of the Buddhavaṃsa, one of the books of the Pali Canon.

According to Theravāda Buddhism, Kakusandha is the twenty-fifth of the twenty-nine named Buddhas, the fourth of the Seven Buddhas of Antiquity, and the first of the five Buddhas of the present kalpa.

The present kalpa is called the bhadrakalpa "auspicious aeon". The five Buddhas of the present kalpa are:

Kakusandha

Koṇāgamana

Kassapa

Gautama

Maitreya

Buddhavaṃsa
The Buddhavaṃsa (also known as the Chronicle of Buddhas) is a hagiographical Buddhist text which describes the life of Gautama Buddha and of the twenty-four Buddhas who preceded him and prophesied his attainment of Buddhahood. It is the fourteenth book of the Khuddaka Nikāya, which in turn is the fifth and last division of the Sutta Piṭaka. The Sutta Piṭaka is one of three piṭakas (main sections) which together constitute the Tipiṭaka, or Pāli Canon of Theravāda Buddhism.

Along with the Apadāna and the Cariyāpiṭaka, the Buddhavaṃsa is considered by most scholars to have been written during the 1st and 2nd century BCE, and is therefore a late addition to the Pāli Canon.
1 Cobham Mews Studios
1 Cobham Mews Studios (also known as Agar Grove Studios) is a grade II listed architecture studio and office in Camden, North London. Built between 1987 and 1989, it was the first building in the United Kingdom designed by David Chipperfield. Critic Lee Mallett noted Cobham Mews Studios as "one of the best buildings of the 1980s."

Cobham Mews served as a studio and office for Chipperfield's architecture firm until 2011. Since 2011, it has been the office of Gustafson Porter + Bowman, a landscape architecture firm. As of 2025, the building is planned to be redeveloped for residential use.

David Chipperfield
Sir David Alan Chipperfield, CH, CBE, RA, RDI, RIBA, HRSA, (born 18 December 1953) is a British architect. He established David Chipperfield Architects in 1985, which grew into a global architectural practice with offices in London, Berlin, Milan, Shanghai, and Santiago de Compostela.

In 2023, he won the Pritzker Architecture Prize, considered to be the most prestigious award in architecture. His major completed works include the River and Rowing Museum in Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire; the Museum of Modern Literature in Marbach, Germany; the Des Moines Public Library in Iowa; the Neues Museum and its adjoining James Simon Gallery, Berlin; The Hepworth Wakefield gallery in Wakefield, West Yorkshire; the Saint Louis Art Museum, Missouri; and the Museo Jumex in Mexico City.
The Lower Depths (1936 film)
The Lower Depths (French: Les bas-fonds) is a 1936 French drama film directed by Jean Renoir and starring Jean Gabin, Suzy Prim and Louis Jouvet. It is based on the 1902 play of the same title by Maxim Gorky. Its scenes contrast the life of the upper and lower classes to comedic effect. It was shot at the Epinay Studios of Eclair and on location between Epinay and Saint-Denis on the Seine. The film's sets were designed by the art director Eugène Lourié.

It received the first Louis Delluc Prize in 1937. The National Board of Review in the United States considered it a Top Ten Foreign Film for 1937.

Eugène Lourié
Eugène Lourié (Russian: Евгений Лурье, romanized: Yevgeniy Lur'ye; born Yevgeny Lure; 8 April 1903 – 26 May 1991) was a Russian-French filmmaker, who worked variously as a director, production designer, art director, and special effects artist. He was a collaborator of Jean Renoir during the 1930s, when he was called "among the best art directors in French cinema." Later he became known as a director of American science fiction films, like The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms.

Lourié was nominated for an Academy Award in 1969 for Best Visual Effects on the film Krakatoa, East of Java. In 2011, he was posthumously entered into the Art Directors Guild Hall of Fame.
Derana Film Awards
Derana Film Awards (Sinhala:දෙරණ සිනමා සම්මාන)  is an award bestowed to distinguished individuals involved with the Sri Lanka's silver screen, each year by the TV Derana, Sri Lanka in recognition of the contributions made by them to the Sri Lankan cinema industry and cinema achievements. The Derana Film Awards ceremony is one of the most popular cinema award events in Sri Lanka. The awards were first introduced in 2012 with Unilever Sri Lanka has been the main sponsors of this Film festival.

Samanalee Fonseka
Wanniarachchige Samanalee Fonseka (Sinhala:සමනලී ෆොන්සේකා), is a Sri Lankan actress and singer. Apart from acting, she is also a social activist who stands against racism, gender inequality and other social issues in Sri Lanka.
Sint-Elooi
Sint-Elooi is a small village, about 5 km (3.1 mi) south of Ypres in the Flemish province of West Flanders in Belgium. The former municipality is now part of Ypres. Though Sint-Elooi is the Dutch and only official name, the village's French name, Saint-Éloi, is most commonly used in English due to its role in World War I. The village and the nearby locations of Voormezele and Hollebeke were merged into Zillebeke in 1970 and into Ypres in 1976.

Hill 60 (Ypres)
Hill 60 is a World War I battlefield memorial site and park in the Zwarteleen area of Zillebeke south of Ypres, Belgium. It is located about 4.6 kilometres (2.9 mi) from the centre of Ypres and is directly on the railway line to Comines. Before the First World War the hill was known locally as Côte des Amants (Lover's Knoll). The site comprises two areas of raised land separated by the railway line; the northern area was known by soldiers as Hill 60 while the southern part was known as The Caterpillar.