hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Retinal isomerase
Retinal isomerase (EC 5.2.1.3) is an enzyme that catalyzes the isomerisation of all-trans-retinal in the eye into 11-cis-retinal which is the form that most opsins bind.

all-trans-retinal  11-cis-retinal

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, all-trans-retinal, and one product, 11-cis-retinal.

This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically cis-trans isomerases. Its systematic name is all-trans-retinal 11-cis-trans-isomerase. Other names are retinene isomerase, and retinoid isomerase. This enzyme participates in the retinol metabolism.

Opsin
Animal opsins are G-protein-coupled receptors and a group of proteins made light-sensitive via a chromophore, typically retinal. When bound to retinal, opsins become retinylidene proteins, but are usually still called opsins regardless. Most prominently, they are found in photoreceptor cells of the retina. Five classical groups of opsins are involved in vision, mediating the conversion of a photon of light into an electrochemical signal, the first step in the visual transduction cascade. Another opsin found in the mammalian retina, melanopsin, is involved in circadian rhythms and pupillary reflex but not in vision. Humans have in total nine opsins. Beside vision and light perception, opsins may also sense temperature, sound, or chemicals.
Temperance, Michigan
Temperance is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Monroe County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 9,188 at the 2020 census.  The CDP is located within Bedford Township.

The community was established as early as 1859. The Temperance 48182 ZIP Code serves most of Bedford Township outside of the Lambertville area, as well as portions of western Erie Township, southern Ida Township, and northeast Whiteford Township.

Monroe County, Michigan
Monroe County is a county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 154,809. The largest city and county seat is Monroe. The county was established as the second county (after Wayne County) in the Michigan Territory in 1817 and was named for then-President James Monroe. Monroe County is coterminous with the Monroe metropolitan statistical area.
You Bet Your Ass
You Bet Your Ass is a Canadian game show that aired on The Comedy Network. It followed a blackjack and casino motif, with contestants answering questions on popular culture to earn points. The contestant with the most points at the end of the show was the winner.

Hosted by Canadian comedian Stewart Francis and his co-host, Sitara Hewitt, the show premiered in 2005. As of June 25, 2007, the Comedy Network dropped You Bet Your Ass from its weekday lineup, replacing it with reruns of This Hour Has 22 Minutes. Reruns of You Bet Your Ass began airing in the weekday morning block on April 28, 2008 (replacing History Bites).

The series was created by Michael Geddes and Christopher Geddes of Lone Eagle Entertainment in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, who are the producers of two other game shows, Game On and Inside the Box.

The show was taped at the Canadian Broadcasting Centre in Toronto.

Stewart Francis
Stewart Francis is a Canadian comedian, actor and writer. Known for his deadpan delivery of irreverent one-liners and humorous wordplay, Francis has toured worldwide as a stand up, particularly in the US, the UK, and in his native Canada. He has made numerous appearances on mainstream British television in shows such as Live at the Apollo and Mock the Week. In the US, he was a regular guest on The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson.
Wien Air Alaska
Wien Air Alaska (IATA:  WC) was a United States airline that was the result of a merger of Northern Consolidated Airlines (NCA) and Wien Alaska Airways (WE). It initially used the name Wien Consolidated Airlines (WC) following the merger in April 1, 1968. In August 1, 1973, Wien Consolidated became Wien Air Alaska. The company was famous for being the first airline in Alaska, and one of the first in the United States. It ceased operations on 23 November 1984, at which point it was operating as Wien Airlines.

Combi aircraft
Combi aircraft in commercial aviation are aircraft that can be used to carry either passengers as an airliner, or cargo as a freighter, and may have a partition in the aircraft cabin to allow both uses at the same time in a mixed passenger/freight combination. The name combi comes from the word combination. The concept originated in railroading with the combine car, a passenger car that contains a separate compartment for mail or baggage.

Combi aircraft typically feature an oversized cargo door, as well as tracks on the cabin floor to allow the seats to be added or removed quickly.

Typically, configured for both passenger and cargo duty, the passenger compartment is pressurized to a higher pressure, to prevent potential fumes from cargo entering the passenger area.
Rostrevor Forest
Rostrevor Forest is located near the village of Rostrevor, County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies between the Mourne Mountains and Carlingford Lough, in the Mourne Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The first trees, primarily sitka spruce, douglas fir and pine, were planted in 1931. The Forest Service carries out felling in the forest and replants trees with wildlife conservation in mind. Animal species found in the forest include red and grey squirrels, foxes, badgers, jays and sparrow hawks.

Mourne Mountains
The Mourne Mountains (/mɔːrn/ MORN; Irish: Beanna Boirche), also called the Mournes or the Mountains of Mourne, are a predominantly granite mountain range in County Down in the south-east of Northern Ireland. They include the highest mountain in all of Ulster, Slieve Donard at 850 m (2,790 ft). The Mournes are designated an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and it has been proposed to make the area Northern Ireland's first national park. The area is partly owned by the National Trust and sees over 50,000 visitors every year. The Mourne Wall crosses fifteen of the summits and was built to enclose the catchment basin of the Silent Valley and Ben Crom reservoirs. The wall, and the area inside it, are owned by Northern Ireland Water.
Heidi (opossum)
Heidi (May 2008 – 28 September 2011) was a Virginia opossum housed at Germany's Leipzig Zoo. In December 2010, the two-and-a-half year old, cross-eyed animal made international headlines shortly after a photograph was published by Bild. Heidi inspired a popular YouTube song, a line of stuffed animals, and a Facebook page with over 290,000 followers.

The zoo's new tropical wildlife exhibit opened to the public in July 2011, and Heidi was exhibited alongside two other opossums – her sister Naira and a male named Teddy.  International media has noted that Heidi was one of several animals either born or living in German zoos who have made headlines over the past few years; she followed in the footsteps of other German celebrity animals such as polar bears Knut and Flocke, as well as Paul the Octopus.

Virginia opossum
The Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana), also known as the North American opossum, is a member of the opossum family found from southern Canada to northern Costa Rica, making it the northernmost marsupial in the world. Commonly referred to simply as the possum, (distinct from the Australasian possum) it is a solitary nocturnal animal about the size of a domestic cat, and a successful opportunist.

Opossums are familiar to many North Americans as they frequently inhabit settled areas near food sources like trash cans, pet food, compost piles, gardens or housemice. Their slow, nocturnal nature and their attraction to roadside carrion make opossums more likely to become roadkill than other animals in their range.
Aldosterone synthase
Aldosterone synthase, also called steroid 18-hydroxylase, corticosterone 18-monooxygenase or P450C18, is a steroid hydroxylase cytochrome P450 enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the mineralocorticoid aldosterone and other steroids. The enzyme catalyzes sequential hydroxylations of the steroid angular methyl group at C18 after initial 11β-hydroxylation (the enzyme has steroid 18-hydroxylase activity as well as steroid 11 beta-hydroxylase activity). It is encoded by the CYP11B2 gene in humans.

Aldosterone synthase is a protein which is only expressed in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex and is primarily regulated by the renin–angiotensin system. It is the sole enzyme capable of synthesizing aldosterone in humans and plays an important role in electrolyte balance and blood pressure.

11-Deoxycorticosterone
11-Deoxycorticosterone (DOC), or simply deoxycorticosterone, also known as 21-hydroxyprogesterone, as well as desoxycortone (INN), deoxycortone, and cortexone, is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland that possesses mineralocorticoid activity and acts as a precursor to aldosterone. It is an active (Na+-retaining) mineralocorticoid. As its names indicate, 11-deoxycorticosterone can be understood as the 21-hydroxy-variant of progesterone or as the 11-deoxy-variant of corticosterone.

DOCA is the abbreviation for the ester 11-deoxycorticosterone acetate.
Křemešník
Křemešník is a mountain in the municipality of Nový Rychnov in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. The mountain lies near the town of Pelhřimov and is part of Bohemian-Moravian Highlands. With an elevation of 769 metres (2,523 ft) above sea level, it is the highest mountain of the Křemešník Highlands.

Pelhřimov
Pelhřimov (German: Pilgrams) is a town in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 16,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
.338 Marlin Express
The .338 Marlin Express is a cartridge developed by Marlin Firearms and Hornady.  It is based on the .376 Steyr with a goal to duplicate the venerable .30-06 Springfield's performance in a cartridge compatible with lever-action firearms. The cartridge uses a slightly shorter, rimmed case to function in lever-action rifles with tubular magazines.  As introduced in Hornady's LEVERevolution line of cartridges, it follows the design logic of the .308 Marlin Express which preceded it. The .338MX fires heavier .338 caliber bullets than the .308 Marlin Express at roughly the same velocity. It is chambered in Marlin's Model 338MX and 338MXLR rifles using the Marlin Model 336 action.

Marlin Model 336
The Marlin Model 336 is a lever-action rifle and carbine made by Marlin Firearms.  Since its introduction in 1948, it has been offered in a number of different calibers and barrel lengths, but is commonly chambered in .30-30 Winchester or .35 Remington, using a 20- or 24-inch barrel.  Currently, several models with a 16-, 19- and 20-inch barrels are available in .30-30 Winchester. The Model 336 is now back in production as of March 27, 2023.
Casa Serra
The Casa Serra (Serra House) is a building in the Modernisme style in Barcelona, designed by Josep Puig i Cadafalch. It is situated at number 126 Rambla de Catalunya, at that street's corner with the Avinguda Diagonal.

The building was built as a residence between 1903 and 1908, for Pere Serra, although he never actually lived there. It has subsequently served several purposes, and is now the home of the Provincial Deputation of Barcelona.

The section of the building fronting Avinguda Diagonal was demolished in 1981, and replaced by an office building, by Federico Correa and Alfonso Milá, to house the offices of the provincial council (1987). The contrast between the two very different styles was the subject of controversy at the time.

Provincial Deputation of Barcelona
The Provincial Deputation of Barcelona (Catalan: Diputació de Barcelona; Spanish: Diputación de Barcelona) is the local government body charged with the government and administration of the province of Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Being the biggest provincial deputation in Spain, it is the third biggest public institution in Catalonia after the Generalitat and the Barcelona City Council, managing a yearly budget around €1 billion. As is the case for all provincial councils, the Council is indirectly elected, based on the results of the municipal elections in the province. The president is elected among the Council's members meet for the inaugural session after the municipal elections.

The Council's headquarters is the Casa Serra, on the Rambla de Catalunya.
Tony Murray (businessman)
Jacques Gaston Murray, known as Tony Murray (born Gaston Jacques Kalifa; 8 February 1920 – 6 June 2023) was a French-born British billionaire businessman.

Murray owned Andrew Sykes Group, the heating and air-conditioning equipment hire company, and London Security, the Leeds-based fire protection business which includes the Nu-Swift fire extinguisher brand.

According to The Sunday Times Rich List 2022, his net worth was estimated at £2.53 billion.

London Security
London Security is a British fire protection company based in Elland, West Yorkshire, England.

London Security has 200,000 customers in the UK, Belgium, the Netherlands, Austria and Luxembourg.

It is 98% owned by its chairman, Tony Murray.
Rinspeed sQuba
The sQuba, developed by Swiss company Rinspeed, is the world's first car that can be driven both on land and underwater. The original idea by Rinspeed founder and CEO Frank M. Rinderknecht was inspired by the 1977 James Bond film The Spy Who Loved Me. The chassis from the Lotus Elise is used as the base for this vehicle.

Lotus Elise
The Lotus Elise is a sports car  conceived in early 1994 and released in September 1996 by the British manufacturer Lotus Cars. A two-seater roadster with a rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, the Elise has a fibreglass body shell atop its bonded extruded aluminium chassis that provides a rigid platform for the suspension, while keeping weight and production costs to a minimum. The Elise was named after Elisa Artioli, the granddaughter of Romano Artioli who was chairman of Lotus and Bugatti at the time of the car's launch.

Production of the Elise, Exige and Evora ended in 2021. It was replaced by the Lotus Emira.
Arqana
Arqana is a European auction house that operates horse auctions including the Ventes de Deauville, one of the world's largest auctions for thoroughbred yearlings, which is held in August of each year in Deauville, France.

Created by the merger of auctioneers L'Agence Française de Vente du Pur-sang and Goffs France, Arqana is headed by chairman Georges Rimaud. The company's majority shareholder is the Aga Khan IV, France's biggest thoroughbred owner-breeder. A consortium of French breeders owns approximately 30 percent with the remainder owned by Artcurial, the art auction house subsidiary of the Dassault Group.

According to the Bloodhorse Market Watch, the Deauville auction in August is the best place to find Grade/Group I winners.

Aga Khan IV
Prince Shah Karim al-Hussaini (13 December 1936 – 4 February 2025), known simply as Aga Khan IV, was the 49th Imam of Nizari Isma'ili Shia Islam from 1957 until his death in 2025. He inherited the Nizari imamate and the title of Aga Khan at the age of 20 upon the death of his grandfather, the Aga Khan III. During his Imamate, he was also known by the religious title Mawlānā Hazar Imam by his Isma'ili followers.

Al-Husseini's net worth was estimated at over US$13.3 billion by Vanity Fair in 2013. Forbes included al-Husseini in its list of the world's fifteen richest royals, though he held no political sovereignty or territorial authority. The designation referred to his hereditary role as Imam of the Nizari Ismailis, not to any formal royal or monarchical status. He was the founder and chairman of the Aga Khan Development Network, one of the largest private development networks in the world.
Mil Mi-10
The Mil Mi-10 (NATO reporting name Harke), given the product number izdeliye 60, is a Soviet military transport helicopter of flying crane configuration, developed from the Mi-6, entering service in 1963.  While most versions had been retired by 2009, the short-legged Mi-10K was still in service as of 2014.

Aerial crane
An aerial crane or flying crane is a helicopter used to lift heavy or awkward loads. As aerial cranes, helicopters carry loads connected to long cables or slings in order to place heavy equipment when other methods are not available or economically feasible, or when the job must be accomplished in remote or inaccessible areas, such as the tops of tall buildings or the top of a hill or mountain, far from the nearest road. Helicopters were first used as aerial cranes in the 1950s, but it was not until the 1960s that their popularity in construction and other industries began to catch on. The most consistent use of helicopters as aerial cranes is in the logging industry to lift large trees out of rugged terrain where vehicles are not able to reach, or where environmental concerns prohibit roadbuilding. These operations are referred to as longline because of the long, single sling line used to carry the load.
Crossroads Care
Crossroads Care, also known as Crossroads, was a registered charity in England and Wales which provided support for carers. In 2012, it merged with The Princess Royal Trust for Carers to form Carers Trust.

The organisation was first established in 1974. It took its name from the TV soap opera Crossroads, in which the problems of families caring for disabled people at home were highlighted by an accident to one of the characters. The programme makers, Central Television, made a donation of £10,000 for a pilot scheme to be set up in Rugby, Warwickshire. Crossroads subsequently expanded to become a national organisation with over 250 local schemes throughout England and Wales, with a sister organisation in Scotland, Crossroads Caring Scotland.

Some local charities continue to use the name "Crossroads Care" or "Crossroads" together with a geographic location, such as Crossroads Care Slough and Oxfordshire Crossroads.

Crossroads (British TV series)
Crossroads (later known as Crossroads Motel and Crossroads King's Oak) is  a British television soap opera that ran on ITV over two periods – the original 1964 to 1988 run, followed by a short revival from 2001 to 2003. Set in a fictional motel (hotel in the revival) in the Midlands, Crossroads became a byword for low production values, particularly in the 1970s and early 1980s. Despite this, the series regularly attracted huge audiences during this time, with viewership numbers reaching as high as 15 million viewers.

It was created by Hazel Adair and Peter Ling, and produced by ATV (until the end of 1981) and then by ATV's successor, Central Independent Television until 1988 when it was axed. The series was revived by Carlton Television in 2001, but due to low ratings it was cancelled again in 2003.
Hundvåg, Stavanger
Hundvåg is a borough of the city of Stavanger which lies in the southwestern part of the large municipality of Stavanger in Rogaland county, Norway.  The borough includes a number of islands lying to the north of the main city centre of Stavanger.  It includes the islands of Hundvåg, Sølyst, Grasholmen, Engøy, Buøy, Bjørnøy, Roaldsøy, and Ormøy. These islands are all connected together by bridges and they are connected to mainland Stavanger by the Stavanger City Bridge.

The 6.41-square-kilometre (1,580-acre) borough has a population (2015) of 13,217.  This gives the borough a population density of 2,062 inhabitants per square kilometre (5,340/sq mi).

Sølyst, Stavanger
Sølyst is an island in Stavanger municipality in Rogaland county, Norway.  The 0.13-square-kilometre (32-acre) island is located in the Buøy neighborhood in the borough of Hundvåg, just north of the centre of the city of Stavanger. It is connected to mainland Stavanger via the island Grasholmen and the Stavanger City Bridge.  The island is hilly and rocky as well as heavily treed.  Most development is located on the south shore.
Kalteva torni
Kalteva torni (English: The Leaning Tower) is a 2006 Finnish comedy film, directed by Timo Koivusalo. It was premiered in Finland on 20 October 2006.

The leading roles are played by Martti Suosalo, Seela Sella, Liisa Kuoppamäki, Siiri Suosalo, Esko Nikkari, Mats Långbacka, Laura Jurkka, Jemina Sillanpää] and Risto Salmi.

It is the story of a benevolent man who does not know he has multiple personalities. His greatest fear is that he will not be able to see the Leaning Tower of Pisa before it falls. His adventures lead him into tricky situations and, eventually, he does see it.

Seela Sella
Seela Maini Marjatta Sella (née Virtanen, b. 30 December 1936) is a Finnish film actress.  She was born in Tampere, Finland.

During her career, which has spanned more than 60 years to date, Seela Sella has had roles in productions at the Finnish National Theatre, the TTT-Theatre, the Tampere Comedy Theatre, etc. and has made almost 35 appearances in film and television. She has also organized monologue, song and recital nights.

Sella has worked with Finnish director Timo Koivusalo on a number of films such as Sibelius (2003) and Kalteva torni (2006). Sella has also done voice-overs for the Finnish versions of such animated movies as A Bug's Life and The Emperor's New Groove.

Sella received an award for her work from the Alfred Kordelin Foundation in 2000.
Richard Shope
Richard Edwin Shope (December 25, 1901 – October 2, 1966) was an American virologist who, together with his mentor Paul A. Lewis at the Rockefeller Institute, identified influenzavirus A in pigs in 1931. Using Shope's technique, Smith, Andrewes, and Laidlaw of England's Medical Research Council cultured it from a human in 1933.  They and Shope in 1935 and 1936, respectively, identified it as the virus circulating in the 1918 pandemic.  In 1933, Shope identified the Shope papilloma virus, which infects rabbits.  His discovery later assisted other researchers to link the papilloma virus to warts and cervical cancer. He received the 1957 Albert Lasker Clinical Medical Research Award and was an elected member of the United States National Academy of Sciences, the American Philosophical Society, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Lasker–DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award
Lasker–DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award is one of four annual awards presented by the Lasker Foundation. The Lasker–DeBakey award is given to honor outstanding work for the understanding, diagnosis, prevention, treatment, and cure of disease. This award was renamed in 2008 in honor of Michael E. DeBakey. It was previously known as the Albert Lasker Award for Clinical Medical Research.
Ruppia polycarpa
Ruppia polycarpa is a submerged aquatic herb species in the genus Ruppia found in shallow brackish waters. It is a common submerged herb on Australasian coasts, including Australia (NSW; SA; Vic; WA) and New Zealand (type locality).

It was first described in 1967 by Ruth Mason from a specimen (CHR 150837B) found near the mouth of the Selwyn River, New Zealand, on the riverbed, on 27 February 1966 by J. Clarke.

It grows in "fresh to hypersaline coastal lakes, lagoons and estuaries".

Ruth Mason
Ruth Mason (7 November 1913 – 14 May 1990) was a New Zealand botanist specialising in the taxonomy and ecology of freshwater plants. She was employed at  the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research for 35 years undertaking research into aquatic plants, pioneering new techniques for plant preservation and collecting over 13,000 plant specimens in the field. She was awarded life membership by the New Zealand Ecological Society.