hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anal wink
The anal wink, anal reflex, perineal reflex, or anocutaneous reflex is the reflexive contraction of the external anal sphincter upon stroking of the skin around the anus.

A noxious or tactile stimulus will cause a wink contraction of the anal sphincter muscles and also flexion. The stimulus is detected by the nociceptors in the perineal skin to the pudendal nerve, where a response is integrated by the spinal cord sacral segments S2-S4.

The absence of this reflex indicates that there is an interruption of the reflex arc, or damage to the spinal cord, which may be in the sensory afferent limb or the motor efferent limb. The synapse between the afferent and efferent limbs occurs in the lowest sacral segments of the spinal cord.

Pudendal nerve
The pudendal nerve is the main nerve of the perineum.: 274  It is a mixed (motor and sensory) nerve and also conveys sympathetic autonomic fibers. It carries sensation from the external genitalia of both sexes and the skin around the anus and perineum, as well as the motor supply to various pelvic muscles, including the male or female external urethral sphincter and the external anal sphincter.

If damaged, most commonly by childbirth, loss of sensation or fecal incontinence may result. The nerve may be temporarily anesthetized, called pudendal anesthesia or pudendal block.

The pudendal canal that carries the pudendal nerve is also known by the eponymous term "Alcock's canal", after Benjamin Alcock, an Irish anatomist who documented the canal in 1836.
Uhm Tae-goo
Um Tae-goo (Korean: 엄태구; born November 9, 1983) is a South Korean actor known for his supporting roles in critically acclaimed films such as Coin Locker Girl (2015), The Age of Shadows (2016). He rose to prominence due to his role in film Night in Paradise (2020) and romantic comedy My Sweet Mobster (2024).

Um has frequently collaborated with his older brother, film director Um Tae-hwa. He made appearances as an actor on several of his brother's films, including Heart Vibrator, The Forest, Sookja, Ingtoogi: The Battle Internet Trolls, Vanishing Time: A Boy Who Returned, and Concrete Utopia.

Epitaph (2007 film)
Epitaph (Korean: 기담; RR: Gidam) is a 2007 South Korean film directed by brothers Jung Sik and Jung Bum-shik. The film is a horror film set primarily in 1942, while Korea was under the colonial rule of Japan. It is framed by scenes set in 1979.
Kernel (category theory)
In category theory and its applications to other branches of mathematics, kernels are a generalization of the kernels of group homomorphisms, the kernels of module homomorphisms and certain other kernels from algebra. Intuitively, the kernel of the morphism f : X → Y is the "most general" morphism k : K → X that yields zero when composed with (followed by) f.

Note that kernel pairs and difference kernels (also known as binary equalisers) sometimes go by the name "kernel"; while related, these aren't quite the same thing and are not discussed in this article.

Category of rings
In mathematics, the category of rings, denoted by Ring, is the category whose objects are rings (with identity) and whose morphisms are ring homomorphisms (that preserve the identity). Like many categories in mathematics, the category of rings is large, meaning that the class of all rings is proper.
Sewu
Sewu (from Old Javanese  Sewu, Javanese: ꦱꦺꦮꦸ, romanized: Sèwu) is an eighth-century Mahayana Buddhist or Hindu temple located 800 metres north of Prambanan in Central Java, Indonesia. The word for a Hindu or Buddhist temple in Javanese is "candi" (from Kawi  caṇḍi), hence, the common name is "Candi Sewu". Candi Sewu is the second largest Buddhist temple complex in Indonesia; Borobudur is the largest. Sewu predates it and it is located near the "Loro Jonggrang" temple at Prambanan. Although the complex consists of 249 temples, this Javanese name translates to 'a thousand temples,' which originated from popular local folklore (The Legend of Roro Jonggrang). Archaeologists believe the original name for the temple compound to be Manjusrigrha.

Mandala
A mandala (Sanskrit: मण्डल, romanized: maṇḍala, lit. 'circle', [ˈmɐɳɖɐlɐ]) is a geometric configuration of symbols. In various spiritual traditions, mandalas may be employed for focusing attention of practitioners and adepts, as a spiritual guidance tool, for establishing a sacred space and as an aid to meditation and trance induction. In the Eastern religions of Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Shinto it is used as a map representing deities, or especially in the case of Shinto, paradises, kami or actual shrines.
Native Zakarpattia
Native Zakarpattia (Ukrainian: Рідне Закарпаття, romanized: Ridne Zakarpattia) is a political party in Zakarpattia Oblast, western Ukraine. Founded in 2018, its leader is Andriy Novytskyi. It holds a plurality of 12 seats on the Zakarpattia Oblast Council won in the 2020 Ukrainian local elections, making it the largest regional party in Zakarpattia. The party was founded by four Ukrainian MPs from the Dovira faction. These four MPs being Vasyl Petiovka, Valerii Lunchenko, Robert Horvat and Vladislav Poliak.

On 25 November 2021 Volodymyr Chubirko of Native Zakarpattia was elected chairman of the Zakarpattia Oblast Council.

On 9 September 2024 party member and member of the Zakarpattia Oblast Council Myroslav Biletskyi was appointed acting Governor of Zakarpattia Oblast.

Valerii Lunchenko
Valerii Valeriiovych Lunchenko (Ukrainian: Валерій Валерійович Лунченко; born 13 October 1982) is a Ukrainian politician, who has served as a People's Deputy of Ukraine since 2014, previously serving from 2012 to 2014.
Kfarmatta
Kfarmatta or Kfar Matta (Arabic: كفرمتى) is a Lebanese village in the Aley District of Mount Lebanon Governorate, Lebanon.

The village is home to four hundred centennial olive trees, covering an area of 1.2 hectares.

Aley District
Aley (Arabic: عاليه) is a district (qadaa) in Mount Lebanon, Lebanon, to the south-east of the Lebanon's capital Beirut. The capital is Aley which was known as the "bride of the summers" in the 1960 and 1970s, when the city was an attractive tourist location.

The district elects 5 members of parliament, of which 3 are Christians (1 Orthodox and 2 Maronite) and 2 are Druze. 
During the 1975-1990 Civil War in Lebanon, Aley witnessed several battles around its environs.
Norway, Maine
Norway is a town in Oxford County, Maine, United States. Norway was included in the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine metropolitan New England city and town area. The population was 5,077 at the 2020 census. The town contains the census-designated place of the same name. It is home to Pennesseewassee Lake, a freshwater lake and recreation area.

Oxford County, Maine
Oxford County is a county in the state of Maine, United States. As of the 2020 Census, the county had a population of 57,777. Its county seat is the town of Paris. The county was formed on March 4, 1805, by the Massachusetts General Court in the Maine District from northerly portions of York and Cumberland counties. It borders the Canadian province of Quebec.
The Japanese Sandman
"The Japanese Sandman" is a song from 1920, composed by Richard A. Whiting and with lyrics by Raymond B. Egan. The song was first popularized in vaudeville by Nora Bayes, and then sold millions of copies as the B-side for Paul Whiteman's song "Whispering".

Richard A. Whiting
Richard Armstrong Whiting (November 12, 1891 – February 19, 1938) was an American composer of popular songs, including the standards "Hooray for Hollywood", "Ain't We Got Fun?" and "On the Good Ship Lollipop". He also wrote lyrics occasionally, and film scores most notably for the standard "She's Funny That Way".

He was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1936 for "When Did You Leave Heaven" from the film Sing, Baby Sing.
1985 FIFA World Youth Championship
The 1985 FIFA World Youth Championship was the fifth edition FIFA World Youth Championship, was held in the Soviet Union (USSR) from 24 August to 7 September 1985. The tournament took place in ten venues within eight host cities — Baku, Yerevan, Leningrad, Minsk (2 stadiums), Moscow, Hoktemberyan, Tbilisi (2 stadiums) and Sumqayit — where a total of 32 matches were played. U20 Brazil successfully defended its title, defeating Spain, 1–0, in the final match at Moscow's Luzhniki Stadium.

Armavir, Armenia
Armavir (Armenian: Արմավիր [ɑɾmɑˈviɾ]), is a town and urban municipal community located in the west of Armenia serving as the administrative centre of Armavir Province. It was founded in 1931 by the government of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic. As of the 2011 census, the population of the town is 29,319, down from 46,900 as reported in the 1989 census. As of the 2022 census, the population of the town is 27,470. Currently, the town has a population of  38,495  as per the 2023 official estimate.

The town was known as Sardarapat before 1935, and Hoktemberyan from 1935 to 1995. Currently, Armavir is the seat of the Diocese of Armavir of the Armenian Apostolic Church.
Chimo (orca)
Chimo (also designated T004 or T4) was a female orca with albinism captured from Peddar Bay in the Salish Sea in 1970 and exhibited at Sealand of the Pacific in Oak Bay, British Columbia, Canada until her death in 1972. Chimo was not the first albino orca spotted in the wild, but she is notable for being the first captured and closely studied.  Chimo's probable mother was another orca by the name of Scarredjaw Cow (T003 or T3), captured along with Chimo. She died in 1972 from complications caused by Chédiak–Higashi syndrome.

Years before her capture, another white orca was spotted in what is suspected to be the same pod; this orca, named "Alice", was never captured and vanished in the 1960s.

In 2009, a fishing vessel off the Alaskan Peninsula spotted a healthy male killer whale who was almost completely white.

Sealand of the Pacific
Sealand of the Pacific was a public aquarium in South Oak Bay at the Oak Bay Marina, near the city of Victoria in British Columbia, Canada. In 1991, three of its orcas, Haida II, Nootka IV, and Tilikum, were involved in an incident in which a trainer, Keltie Byrne, was killed. The aquarium subsequently closed and sold its orcas to SeaWorld.
Finery forge
A finery forge is a forge used to produce wrought iron from pig iron by decarburization in a process called "fining" which involved liquifying cast iron in a fining hearth and removing carbon from the molten cast iron through oxidation. Finery forges were used as early as the 3rd century BC in China. The finery forge process was replaced by the puddling process and the roller mill, both developed by Henry Cort in 1783–4, but not becoming widespread until after 1800.

Henry Cort
Henry Cort (c. 1740 – 23 May 1800) was an English ironware producer who was formerly a Navy pay agent. During the Industrial Revolution in England, Cort began refining iron from pig iron to wrought iron (or bar iron) using innovative production systems. In 1784, he obtained a patent for an improved version of Peter Onions's puddling process, for refining cast iron, although its commercial viability was only realised in the 1790s, through further innovations introduced by Richard Crawshay and Homfray of the Cyfarthfa Ironworks in Merthyr Tydfil.
Carl Restivo
Carl Restivo is an American multi-instrumentalist, songwriter, record producer, and audio engineer. He has toured with Rihanna, Tom Morello's Freedom Fighter Orchestra supporting The Nightwatchman, Perry Farrell's Satellite Party, and Street Sweeper Social Club, who toured with Nine Inch Nails and Jane's Addiction.

The Nightwatchman
The Nightwatchman is a solo project of the American musician Tom Morello who is known for his memberships in Rage Against the Machine, Street Sweeper Social Club and Audioslave. Morello began performing as the Nightwatchman in 2003 as an outlet for his political views while he was playing apolitical music with Audioslave.
Heather Watson
Heather Miriam Watson (born 19 May 1992) is a British professional tennis player. A former British No. 1, Watson has won nine titles over her career, including the mixed-doubles title at the 2016 Wimbledon Championships, partnering Henri Kontinen, making her the first British woman to win a major title since Jo Durie in 1991, and the first to win a Wimbledon title since Durie in 1987. In October 2012, Watson won her first WTA Tour singles title at the Japan Women's Open, becoming the first British woman to win a WTA tournament singles title since Sara Gomer in 1988.

In her junior career, Watson won the US Open and a gold medal at the 2008 Commonwealth Youth Games. She reached No. 3 in the world on the ITF Junior Circuit.

Yana Buchina
Yana Alexandrovna Buchina (Яна Бучина; born 7 February 1992) is a former Russian tennis player. She won two singles titles and one doubles title on tournaments of the ITF Women's Circuit. Her career-high singles ranking is world No. 334, achieved on 12 August 2013.
Russky Sever National Park
Russky Sever National Park (Russian: Национальный парк «Русский Север», romanized: Russian North National Park) is a national park in the north of Russia, located in Kirillovsky District of Vologda Oblast. It was established on March 20, 1992. The park protects natural and cultural landscapes around Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery and Ferapontov Monastery, places of great historical significance.

Kirillovsky District
Kirillovsky District (Russian: Кири́лловский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-six in Vologda Oblast, Russia. It is located in the north of the oblast and borders with Kargopolsky and Konoshsky Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast in the north, Vozhegodsky and Ust-Kubinsky Districts in the east, Vologodsky District in the southeast, Sheksninsky District in the south, Cherepovetsky District in the southeast, Belozersky and Vashkinsky Districts in the west, and with Vytegorsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 5,400 square kilometers (2,100 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Kirillov. Population: 15,877 (2010 Census); 18,627 (2002 Census); 21,702 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kirillov accounts for 48.7% of the district's total population.
Jagdish Lal Raj Soni
Jagdish Lal Raj Soni is a well known craftsperson from Pratapgarh in Rajasthan state in India. He was awarded Shilp Guru Award in 2002 for Thewa art.

He undertook a course in Design from London University in 1968.

In 1970 he got a Merit Certificate for his work. In 1977 he received the National Award. He also received the Rajasthan Samman Award. He received Kala Mani Puraskar and Umed Bhawan Jubilee Award in Jodhpur, as well as the award from INTACH, Delhi.

Jagdish Lal has demonstrated his art in Asia Handicrafts Fair in Japan, Ritteberg Museum in Zurich and Ethnographic Museum in Geneva.

Thewa
Thewa is a special art of jewelry making which involves fusing of intricately worked-out sheet gold on molten glass. It evolved in Pratapgarh district, Rajasthan India. Its origin dates back to the rajput era.
José Zanier
José Zanier (Udine, Italy, September 18, 1905 – Mar del Plata, Argentina January 30, 1973) was an Italian engineer and pioneer in the construction of thermo-electric power stations supplied by diesel motors. He also worked on projects involving the Italian interconnecting 230 and 150 kV electricity lines, as well as making other contributions to the development of the electro-technical field.

Udine
Udine (US: /ˈuːdiːneɪ/ OO-dee-nay; Italian: [ˈuːdine] ⓘ; Friulian: Udin; Latin: Utinum; Slovene: Videm) is a city and comune (municipality) in northeastern Italy, in the middle of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, between the Adriatic Sea and the Carnic Alps. It is the capital of the Regional decentralization entity of Udine. As of 2025, it has a population of 98,320 in the commune, and 176,000 in the urban area.
Adán Chávez
Adán Chávez Frías (born 11 April 1952) is a Venezuelan politician who was Governor of Barinas state from 2008 to 2016 and again since 2025. Previously, he was Ambassador to Cuba and then Minister of Education from 2007 to 2008.

Barinas (state)
Barinas State (Spanish: Estado Barinas, IPA: [esˈtaðo βaˈɾinas]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela. The state capital is Barinas.

Barinas State covers a total surface area of 35,200 km2 (13,600 sq mi) and had an estimated population of 970,689 in 2015.
Sanson, New Zealand
Sanson is a small settlement in the Manawatū District of New Zealand. It is located just south of Bulls and the Rangitīkei River, and west of the city of Palmerston North.

Two major roads of the New Zealand state highway network meet in Sanson, State Highways 1 and 3. From 1885 until 1945, the Sanson Tramway provided a link with the national rail network, running south to meet the now-closed Foxton Branch in Himatangi.

Sanson Tramway
The Sanson Tramway in the Manawatū region of New Zealand operated from 1885 until 1945.  Owned by the Manawatu County Council, it connected with the national railway network at Himatangi on the Foxton Branch. It was never part of the national network.
U Sports women's basketball championship
The U Sports Women's Basketball Championship, branded as the Women's Basketball Final 8, is a Canadian university basketball tournament conducted by U Sports, and determines the women's national champion. The tournament involves the champions from each of Canada's four regional sports conferences. The Bronze Baby trophy is awarded to the winners.

Seventeen different schools have won the tournament. The University of Victoria has the most tournament wins, with nine. Laurentian University has seven championships. The University of British Columbia has taken the title six times, while the University of Windsor and Simon Fraser University have five apiece. Carleton University, the University of Winnipeg, the University of Saskatchewan and University of Manitoba have each won three championships, while Bishop's University and have won two. Seven programs have one national championship.

UBC Thunderbirds women's basketball
The UBC Thunderbirds women's basketball team represent the University of British Columbia in the Canada West Universities Athletic Association of U Sports women's basketball. The Thunderbirds (originally known as the Thunderettes) have won the Bronze Baby a total of five times, including the first three championships, spanning from 1972 to 1974. The last two national championships took place in 2004 and 2008. Both victories took place against the Regina Cougars. In 2004, the Thunderbirds defeated the Cougars by a 60–53 mark, while the 2008 triumph resulted in a 67–46 final.
Hugh Ross (astrophysicist)
Hugh Norman Ross (born July 24, 1945) is a Canadian astrophysicist, Christian apologist, and old-Earth creationist.

Ross obtained his Ph.D. in astronomy from the University of Toronto and his B.Sc. degree in physics from the University of British Columbia. He established his own ministry in 1986, called Reasons to Believe.

Ross rejects both abiogenesis and evolution as explanations for the origin and entire history of life, contrary to the scientific consensus. Ross' position overlaps with that of intelligent design, but Ross argues that the evidence points to Jesus Christ as the designer, instead of an undefined intelligent designer.

Christian apologetics
Christian apologetics (Ancient Greek: ἀπολογία, "verbal defense, speech in defense") is a branch of Christian theology that defends Christianity.

Christian apologetics have taken many forms over the centuries, starting with Paul the Apostle in the early church and Patristic writers such as Origen, Augustine of Hippo, Justin Martyr and Tertullian, then continuing with writers such as Thomas Aquinas, Duns Scotus, William of Ockham and Anselm of Canterbury during Scholasticism.

Blaise Pascal was an active Christian apologist during the 17th century. In the modern period, Christianity was defended through the efforts of many authors such as John Henry Newman, G. K. Chesterton and C. S. Lewis, as well as G. E. M. Anscombe.
No Man's Land (Souls of Mischief album)
No Man's Land is the second album by the American hip-hop group Souls of Mischief, released in 1995. It was their final release under Jive Records. The album was produced by fellow Hieroglyphics members A-Plus, DJ Touré, Opio, Tajai, Jay-Biz, Casual, Del the Funky Homosapien, and Snupe. It features guest appearances from Pep Love and Del the Funky Homosapien. The album debuted at number 111 on the Billboard 200 and number 27 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts in the United States.

"Rock It Like That" was released as a single, and peaked at number 44 on the US Billboard Hot Rap Songs chart.

Souls of Mischief
Souls of Mischief is a hip hop group from Oakland, California, that is also part of the hip hop collective Hieroglyphics. The Souls of Mischief formed in 1991 and is composed of rappers A-Plus, Opio, Phesto, and Tajai.
John McDonogh High School
John McDonogh Senior High School (nicknamed John Mac) was a public charter high school in the Mid-City neighborhood of New Orleans, Louisiana, United States. The school was named after John McDonogh (1779 – 1850).

Since 2018, the former high school building has been home to Bricolage Academy, an elementary charter school operated by Bricolage Academy.

John McDonogh
John McDonogh (December 29, 1779 – October 26, 1850) was an American entrepreneur whose adult life was spent in south Louisiana and later in Baltimore. He made a fortune in real estate and shipping, and as a slave owner, he supported the American Colonization Society, which organized transportation for freed people of color to Liberia. He had devised a manumission scheme whereby the people he held as enslaved could "buy" their own freedom, which took them some 15 years. In his will he provided large grants for the public education of children of poor whites and freed people of color in New Orleans and Baltimore, and by the 1970s some 20 schools in the New Orleans public school system were named for him.
Christ Church, York
Christ Church is located on Stockton Lane in Heworth, York, England. It was opened in March 1964.

It has been called "one of the most pleasing modern churches." The building design is attributed to 'M. Menim;' this may have been A. Michael Mennim, who designed a number of churches in the York area.

The church was originally a daughter church of Holy Trinity Church in Heworth, but was separated into its own ecclesiastical parish in 1998. The church is also used as a dance-hall and meeting place for local community groups, such as the York Minster Scout Group.

Heworth, York
Heworth (/ˈhjuːəθ/ HYOO-əth) is part of the city of York in North Yorkshire, England, about 1 mile (1.6 km) north-east of the centre. No longer in general  referred to as a village, "Heworth Village" is now the name of a specific road. The name "Heworth" is Anglo-Saxon and means a "high enclosure".
Giovanni Santi
Giovanni Santi (c. 1435 – 1 August 1494) was an Italian painter and poet, father of Raphael Sanzio. He was born in 1435 at Colbordolo in the Duchy of Urbino. He studied under Piero della Francesca and was influenced by Fiorenzo di Lorenzo. He was court painter to the Duke of Urbino and painted several altarpieces among other things. He died in Urbino.

Duchy of Urbino
The Duchy of Urbino (Italian: Ducato di Urbino) was an independent duchy in early modern central Italy, corresponding to the northern half of the modern region of Marche. It was directly annexed by the Papal States in 1631.

It was bordered by the Adriatic Sea in the east, the Republic of Florence in the west and the Papal States in the south. In 1523 the capital was moved from Urbino to Pesaro. After the short rule by Cesare Borgia in 1502–08, the dukedom went to the della Rovere papal family, who held it until 1625, when Pope Urban VIII annexed it to the Papal States as Legazione del Ducato di Urbino (later Legazione di Urbino).