hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lu Xiufu
Lu Xiufu (8 November 1236 – 19 March 1279), courtesy name Junshi (君实/君實), was a Chinese statesman and military commander who lived in the final years of the Song dynasty. Originally from Yancheng (present-day Jianhu County) in Jiangsu Province, along with Wen Tianxiang and Zhang Shijie, he is regarded as one of the 'Three Loyal Princes of the Song' (大宋三忠王).

Emperor Gong of Song
Emperor Gong of Song (2 November 1271 – 1323), personal name Zhao Xian, was the 16th emperor of the Song dynasty of China and the seventh emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. The sixth son of his predecessor, Emperor Duzong, Zhao Xian came to the throne around the age of four, and reigned for less than two years before he was forced to abdicate in 1276. He was succeeded by his fifth brother, Zhao Shi (Emperor Duanzong).
West Point Mint
The West Point Mint is a U.S. Mint production and depository facility erected in 1937 near the U.S. Military Academy in West Point, New York. As of July 2025, the facility held 54,067,331 troy ounces (1,681,682.0 kg) fine gold (over $183 billion USD as of August, 2025). As of 2019, 54 million troy ounces represented 22% of the United States' gold reserves.  The mint at West Point is second only to the gold reserves held in secure storage at Fort Knox. Originally, the West Point Mint was called the West Point Bullion Depository. At one point it had the highest concentration of silver of any U.S. mint facility, and for 12 years produced circulating Lincoln cents. It has since minted mostly commemorative coins and stored gold.

It gained official status as a branch of the United States Mint on March 31, 1988. Later that year it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Branch mint
A branch mint is a satellite operation of (usually) a national  mint. In many cases it will add a mint mark to coins that is different from that used at the main facility, although each country has different rules that may vary over time. Added letters are shown below for the United States, France and Switzerland. Because of this difference, coins produced at branch mints may be worth more or less to collectors than those from the main one, depending on their mintages.
Adventure (magazine)
Adventure was an American pulp magazine that was first published in November 1910 by the Ridgway company, a subsidiary of the Butterick Publishing Company. Adventure went on to become one of the most profitable and critically acclaimed of all the American pulp magazines.  The magazine had 881 issues. Its first editor was Trumbull White. He was succeeded in 1912 by Arthur Sullivant Hoffman (1876–1966), who edited the magazine until 1927.

Trumbull White
Charles Trumbull White (August 12, 1868 – December 13, 1941) was a prominent American journalist, newspaper and magazine editor, war correspondent, explorer, world traveler, travel writer, and author. Known as Charley White during his early years while growing up, as an adult he dropped his first name and became professionally known simply as Trumbull White. During his lifetime, he became associated in one way or another with many prominent Americans, including Henry C. Wallace, Red Cross founder Clara Barton, Chicago socialite Mrs. Potter Palmer', Ernest Hemingway, publisher George Haven Putnam, and numerous leading journalists across the United States.
General Counsel of the Army
The general counsel of the Army (also known as the Army general counsel, abbreviated AGC) is the chief legal officer of the U.S. Department of the Army and senior legal advisor to the secretary of the Army.

U.S. law provides that the general counsel shall be appointed from the civilian life by the president of the United States, with the advice and consent of the United States Senate, and that the secretary of the Army prescribes the duties of the office.

The Office of the General Counsel of the Army also provides legal advice to the under secretary of the Army and the five assistant secretaries, as well as other members of the Army Secretariat.  The general counsel of the Army also plays a role in supervising the Office of the Judge Advocate General and the Office of the Chief Counsel of the United States Army Corps of Engineers.

Judge Advocate General of the United States Army
The judge advocate general of the United States Army (TJAG) is the senior officer of the Judge Advocate General's Corps of the United States Army. Under Title 10 of the United States Code, the TJAG is appointed by the president of the United States with the advice and consent of the Senate. Suitable candidates are recommended by the secretary of the Army. By statute, TJAG serves a four-year term as the legal adviser of the secretary of the Army and of all officers and agencies of the Department of the Army; directs the members of the Judge Advocate General's Corps in the performance of their duties; and receives, revises, and has recorded the proceedings of courts of inquiry and military commissions 10 U.S.C. § 7037.
Shortis and Simpson
Shortis and Simpson are an Australian entertainment and political satire duo composed of John Damien Shortis and Moya Simpson. They are singers, composers, political satirists and cabaret artists as well as producers and writers of wide-ranging performance genres. John Shortis (born 1948 in Earlwood, New South Wales) is a satirist, singer, songwriter, composer, social historian, and political commentator. Moya Simpson (born 1948 in Twickenham, England) is a singer and actor (using multiple voices and accents), and choir director. She immigrated to Australia in 1978. Their work includes, Under the influence which was a music theatre production in 2023.

Margret RoadKnight
Margret RoadKnight (born in July 1943) is an Australian singer-guitarist. In a career spanning more than five decades, she has sung in a wide variety of styles including blues, jazz, gospel, comedy, cabaret, and folk. In January 1976 she released a cover version of Bob Hudson's album track, "Girls in Our Town", as a single, which reached the Kent Music Report Singles Chart Top 100.
Kinmont Hoitsma
Kinmont Hoitsma (April 10, 1934 – September 30, 2013) was an American fencer. He competed in the individual and team épée events at the 1956 Summer Olympics. He later became a teacher. His partner Cecil Beaton died in 1980.

Cecil Beaton
Sir Cecil Walter Hardy Beaton CBE (14 January 1904 – 18 January 1980) was a British fashion, portrait and war photographer, diarist, painter, and interior designer, as well as costume designer and set designer for stage and screen. His accolades include three Academy Awards and four Tony Awards.
The Last Dark
The Last Dark is a fantasy novel by American  writer Stephen R. Donaldson, the final book of The Last Chronicles of Thomas Covenant, ending the story that Donaldson began in 1977 with Lord Foul's Bane. It was published on October 15, 2013.

In April 2013 a preview of chapter three was made available at the author's official website.

Stephen R. Donaldson
Stephen Reeder Donaldson (born May 13, 1947) is an American fantasy, science fiction and mystery novelist, most famous for The Chronicles of Thomas Covenant, his ten-novel fantasy series. His work is characterized by psychological complexity, conceptual abstractness, moral bleakness, and the use of an arcane vocabulary, and has attracted critical praise for its "imagination, vivid characterizations, and fast pace". Donaldson earned his bachelor's degree from The College of Wooster and a master's degree from Kent State University.  He currently resides in Albuquerque, New Mexico.
Mercurius Politicus
Mercurius Politicus was a newsbook that was published weekly from June 1650 until the English Restoration in May 1660. Under the editorship of Marchamont Nedham, it supported the republican governments. From 1655 until 1659 it had a monopoly on news publication.

Marchamont Nedham
Marchamont Nedham, also Marchmont and Needham (1620 – November 1678), was a journalist, publisher and pamphleteer during the English Civil War who wrote official news and propaganda for both sides of the conflict.

A "highly productive propagandist", he was significant in the evolution of early English journalism, and has been strikingly (if hyperbolically) called the "press agent" of Lord Protector Oliver Cromwell.
Williams High School (Stockbridge, Massachusetts)
Williams High School was a public high school located in the town of Stockbridge in the Berkshire Hills of western Massachusetts.  Its history evolved from the town's earliest  schools founded before and shortly after the American Revolutionary War.  Students from Stockbridge, its small villages of Interlaken, Glendale and Larrywaug, and from the nearby town of West Stockbridge attended Williams High School.  In April 1968 the school closed, when its students transferred to a new regional high school located in the town of Great Barrington.

West Stockbridge, Massachusetts
West Stockbridge is a town in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. The town had a population of 1,343 at the time of the 2020 United States census. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area.
María Teresa León
María Teresa León Goyri (31 October 1903 – 13 December 1988) was a Spanish writer, activist and cultural ambassador. Born in Logroño, she was the niece of the Spanish feminist and writer María Goyri (the wife of Ramón Menéndez Pidal). She herself was married to the Spanish poet Rafael Alberti. She contributed numerous articles to the periodical Diario de Burgos and published the children's books Cuentos para soñar and La bella del mal amor.

Logroño
Logroño (UK: /lɒˈɡrɒnjoʊ/ ⓘ log-RON-yoh, US: /ləˈɡroʊnjoʊ, loʊˈ-/ lə-GROHN-yoh, loh-, Spanish: [loˈɣɾoɲo] ⓘ) is the capital of the autonomous community of La Rioja, Spain. Located in the north of the Iberian Peninsula, primarily in the right (South) bank of the Ebro River, Logroño has historically been a place of passage, such as the Camino de Santiago. Its borders were disputed between the Iberian kingdoms of Castille, Navarre and Aragon during the Middle Ages.

The population of the city in 2021 was 150,808 while the metropolitan area included nearly 200,000 inhabitants. The city is a centre of trade of Rioja wine, for which the area is noted, and manufacturing of wood, metal and textile products.
Ephod Combat Vest
The Ephod Combat Vest, also designated variously the A10 Model Infantry Load-bearing Rig, Individual Carrying Equipment, and "New style" Load Bearing Equipment, is a personal equipment system issued to the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) of the State of Israel since the mid-1970s. It replaced the modular-based 1950s "Old style" tan-khaki cotton canvas equipment (similar in design to the British Army's 58 pattern webbing) and a variety of load-carrying waistcoats and assault vests used by Israeli infantry and elite units during the 1967 Six-Day War, the 1967-1970 War of Attrition, and the 1973 Yom Kippur War.

Lebanese Resistance Regiments
The Lebanese Resistance Regiments (Arabic: أفواج المقاومة اللبنانية, romanized: ʾAfwāj al-Muqāwama al-Lubnāniyya, or أَمَل AMAL), also designated Lebanese Resistance Battalions, Lebanese Resistance Detachments, Lebanese Resistance Legions and Battalions de la Resistance Libanaise (BRL), but simply known by its Arabic acronym أَمَل ʾAmal which means "Hope", were the military wing of the Amal Movement, a political organization representing the Muslim Shia community of Lebanon. The movement's political wing was officially founded in February 1973 from a previous organization bearing the same name and its military wing was formed in January 1975. The Amal militia was a major player in the Lebanese Civil War from 1975 to 1991. The militia has now been disarmed, though the movement itself, now known as the Amal Movement (Arabic: Harakat Amal), is a notable Shia political party in Lebanon alongside Hezbollah.
Smack Jack
"Smack Jack" is a song by German singer Nina Hagen released in 1982 by CBS Records as a lead single from her debut solo album NunSexMonkRock. It deals with a drug addiction and is actually written by Hagen's Dutch ex-boyfriend and father of her daughter Cosma Shiva, Ferdinand "Ferdi" Karmelk, who was a heroin addict and later died of AIDS in 1988. It is Hagen's second song addressing this theme after her 1979 song "Herrmann Hiess Er", which is believed to be about her ex-boyfriend Herman Brood. The music video for the song shows Hagen dressed as a man with two of her other transformations dancing in the background and singing the chorus.

NunSexMonkRock
NunSexMonkRock is the debut solo (and third overall) studio album by German singer Nina Hagen. It was released on April 30, 1982, by CBS Records.

NunSexMonkRock marked Hagen's first release since her departure from the Nina Hagen Band, and was also her first album with all songs performed in English.
Indian River (Alaska)
Indian River (Tlingit: Kaasda Héen) is a roughly eight-mile long watershed that flows through the community of Sitka on Baranof Island in the Alexander Archipelago of Southeast Alaska.

Indian River was named in 1826 by Russians colonizing the Sitka area as Reka Koloshenka.  This was translated in 1883 to the English title used today.

Indian River is a large salmon-spawning stream.  The river terminates in the heart of Sitka National Historical Park and passes the Alaska Raptor Center.  The river extends about five miles into Baranof Island before splitting into two branches.  A trail follows the southern branch to a viewpoint of a 21-meter waterfall.

Indian River played a vital role in the Battle of Sitka with the impenetrable Tlingit fort sitting just adjacent to the mouth of the river.

Battle of Sitka
The Battle of Sitka (Russian: Сражение при Ситке) in 1804 was the last major armed conflict between the Russians and Alaska Natives, and was initiated in response to the destruction of a Russian trading post two years before. The primary combatant groups were the Kiks.ádi ("Ones of Kíks", Frog/Raven) clan of Sheetʼká Xʼáatʼi (Baranof Island) of the Tlingit nation and agents of the Russian-American Company assisted by the Imperial Russian Navy.
Giecz
Giecz [ɡʲɛt͡ʂ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dominowo, within Środa County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland.

Giecz was once one of the main centres of Polish statehood in the early Middle Ages, alongside Poznań and Gniezno. In the early 9th century, a small keep was built on a mound on a peninsula on the Giecz lake; fortified with a stockade and earthworks. Since 940 it was one of the key strongholds of the early Piast dynasty. In 1038 during a war with Bohemia, the place was seized by Bretislaus I, who sacked the nearby settlement and sold its inhabitants into slavery. The place quickly recovered and by the 13th century was a centre of administration, trade and commerce in the Greater Poland region. At about that time, the settlement received a town charter and became the seat of a castellany. However, in 1331, it was burnt to the ground, never to recover.

Gmina Dominowo
Gmina Dominowo is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Środa County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Dominowo, which lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) north-east of Środa Wielkopolska and 33 km (21 mi) south-east of the regional capital Poznań.

The gmina covers an area of 79.32 square kilometres (30.6 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 2,829.
Ken Kaiser
Kenneth John Kaiser (July 26, 1945 – August 8, 2017) was an American umpire in Major League Baseball who worked in the American League from 1977 to 1999. He spent 13 years in the minor leagues and 23 years in the major leagues, a total of 36 years in professional baseball. Kaiser wore uniform number 21 when the AL adopted numbers for umpires in 1980.

Umpire (baseball)
In baseball, the umpire is the person charged with officiating the game, including beginning and ending the game, enforcing the rules of the game and the grounds, making judgment calls on plays, and handling disciplinary actions. The term is often shortened to the colloquial form ump. They are also sometimes nicknamed blue due to the traditional color of the uniform worn by umpires. Although games were often officiated by a sole umpire in the formative years of the sport, since the turn of the 20th century, officiating has been commonly divided among several umpires, who form the umpiring crew.  The position is analogous to that of a referee in many other sports.
Sheldon Mayer
Sheldon Mayer (/ˈmeɪ.ər/; April 1, 1917 – December 21, 1991) was an American comics artist, writer, and editor. One of the earliest employees of Major Malcolm Wheeler-Nicholson's National Allied Publications, Mayer produced almost all of his comics work for the company that would become known as DC Comics.

He is among those credited with rescuing the unsold Superman comics strip from the rejection pile.

Mayer was inducted into the comic book industry's Jack Kirby Hall of Fame in 1992 and the Will Eisner Comic Book Hall of Fame in 2000.

All-American Comics
All-American Comics is a comics anthology and the flagship title of comic book publisher All-American Publications, one of the forerunners of DC Comics. It ran for 102 issues from 1939 to 1948. Characters created for the title, including Green Lantern, the Atom, the Red Tornado, Doctor Mid-Nite, and Sargon the Sorcerer, later became mainstays of the DC Comics line.
Come Home (Luminate album)
Come Home is the first studio album by the contemporary Christian music band Luminate, and was released by the label Sparrow Records on January 25, 2011. The album was nominated for the Rock/Contemporary Album of the Year at the 43rd GMA Dove Awards.

43rd GMA Dove Awards
The 43rd Annual GMA Dove Awards presentation ceremony was held on Thursday, April 19, 2012, at 7:30 P.M. EST at the Fox Theatre in Atlanta, Georgia. The ceremony recognized the accomplishments of musicians and other figures within the Christian music industry for the year 2011. The ceremony was produced by the Gospel Music Association and was hosted by actor David Mann and comedian Chonda Pierce. The awards show was broadcast on the Gospel Music Channel on April 24, 2012.
Jowhor Ile
Jowhor Ile (born 1980) is a Nigerian writer known for his first novel, And After Many Days. In 2016, the novel was awarded the Etisalat Prize for Literature.

Ile was raised in Port Harcourt, Nigeria. His short fiction has appeared in The Sewanee Review, McSweeney's Quarterly and Litro Magazine. He earned his MFA at Boston University, and was a visiting professor at West Virginia University, dividing his time between Nigeria and the U.S.

His short story "Fisherman's Stew", published in The Sewanee Review (2019), was shortlisted for the 2020 Caine Prize, was a winner of the 2021 O. Henry Prize and was included in The Best Short Stories Anthology 2021, guest-edited and introduced by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie.

Ile lectures in the Department of English & Creative Writing at Aberystwyth University in Wales.

9mobile Prize for Literature
The 9mobile Prize for Literature was a literary award established by Etisalat Nigeria in 2013.  It was the first ever pan-African prize for a debut African novel or short story collection. Awarded annually, the prize aimed to discover new literary talent on the continent and promote the African publishing industry. The winner received a cash prize of £15,000 in addition to a fellowship at the University of East Anglia.

The 9mobile Prize also sought to support publishers by purchasing 1000 copies of all shortlisted books. The books were donated to schools, book clubs and libraries across the African continent.

The award was initially named the Etisalat Prize for Literature. In 2017, Etisalat Nigeria was rebranded 9mobile and the award name changed accordingly.
Exil-CDU
The Exil-CDU (Christian Democratic Union in Exile) was from 1950 to 1990 a national federation of the CDU. It represented CDU members who had escaped or expelled from the Soviet occupation zone or GDR.

Jakob Kaiser
Jakob Kaiser (8 February 1888 – 7 May 1961) was a German politician and resistance leader during World War II. He served in the Reichstag before the war and the Bundestag after. He was also the first Federal Minister of All-German Affairs, serving from 1949 until 1957.
Flotsam (novel)
Flotsam (German: Liebe deinen Nächsten, lit. 'Love thy neighbor') is a novel by the German author Erich Maria Remarque.  First published from 8 July to 23 September 1939 as an advance print in Collier's Weekly magazine, the book edition of the revised text followed in March 1941 and was published by Little, Brown and Company. The novel describes the interwoven stories of several immigrants who left Germany at the time of National Socialism.

Erich Maria Remarque
Erich Maria Remarque (/rəˈmɑːrk/; German: [ˈeːʁɪç maˈʁiːa ʁəˈmaʁk] ⓘ; born Erich Paul Remark; 22 June 1898 – 25 September 1970) was a German novelist. His landmark novel All Quiet on the Western Front (1928), based on his experience in the Imperial German Army during World War I, was an international bestseller which created a new literary genre of veterans writing about conflict. The book was adapted to film several times. Remarque's anti-war themes led to his condemnation by Nazi propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels as "unpatriotic". He was able to use his literary success and fame to relocate to Switzerland as a refugee, and to the United States, where he became a naturalized citizen.
Sterling Homestead
The Sterling Homestead is a historic house at 2225 Main Street in Stratford, Connecticut.  It is a 2+1⁄2-story wood-frame structure, five bays wide, with a side-gable roof and two interior chimneys.  A front-facing cross gable, decorated with a fan louver, stands centered above a Palladian window and the front entry, which is framed by sidelight windows and pilasters topped by an entablature.  This house was probably built around 1790 for Abijah McEwen, and is most prominent for its association with John W. Sterling, a major local landowner and ship's captain engaged in the China trade, who purchased it in the mid-19th century.  Sterling later built an elaborate mansion nearby, which now houses the Sterling House Community Center.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Stratford, Connecticut
Stratford is a town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. It is situated on Long Island Sound at the mouth of the Housatonic River. The town is part of the Greater Bridgeport Planning Region, and the Bridgeport–Stamford–Norwalk Metropolitan Statistical Area. It was settled by Puritans in 1639.

The population was 52,355 as of the 2020 census. It is bordered on the west by Bridgeport, to the north by Trumbull and Shelton, and on the east by Milford (across the Housatonic River). Stratford has a historical legacy in aviation, the military, and theater.
Islamic Foundation of Ireland
The Islamic Foundation of Ireland (IFI; Irish: Fondúireacht Ioslamach na hÉireann) was formed in 1959 by Muslim students in Ireland. The society established the first mosque in Ireland in 1976. It also helped to establish mosques in other cities in the country. The headquarters of the foundation is currently at the Dublin Mosque and Islamic Centre, 163 South Circular Road, Dublin 8. The Islamic Foundation of Ireland has been the official representative of Muslims in Ireland since its inception. It describes its role as looking after the religious, educational and social needs of Muslims in Ireland.

Dublin Mosque
Dublin Mosque (Irish: Mosc Átha Cliath; Arabic: مَسْجِدُ دُبْلِنٍ, romanized: Masjid Dublin) is a mosque on the South Circular Road, Dublin in Ireland. It is the headquarters of the Islamic Foundation of Ireland.

The Donore Presbyterian Church was constructed in the 1860s in the style of a 13th-century English church.
In 1983 the building on the South Circular Road was bought by the Islamic Foundation of Ireland and converted into a mosque.