hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bob Coecke
Bob Coecke (born 23 July 1968) is a Belgian theoretical physicist and logician who is Chief Scientist at quantum computing company Quantinuum.  He was Professor of Quantum foundations, Logics, and Structures at Oxford University until 2020.  He is also Distinguished Visiting Research Chair at the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics.

He pioneered categorical quantum mechanics (entry 18M40 in Mathematics Subject Classification 2020), Quantum Picturalism, ZX-calculus, DisCoCat model for natural language,, quantum natural language processing (QNLP) and quantum education through the book Quantum in Pictures.  He is a founder of the Quantum Physics and Logic community and the Applied Category Theory communities and conference series, and of the journal Compositionality.

Coecke is also a composer and musician, who has been called a pioneer of industrial music, and is also one of the pioneers of employing quantum computers in music.

DisCoCat
DisCoCat (Categorical Compositional Distributional) is a mathematical framework for natural language processing which uses category theory to unify distributional semantics with the principle of compositionality. The grammatical derivations in a categorial grammar (usually a pregroup grammar) are interpreted as linear maps acting on the tensor product of word vectors to produce the meaning of a sentence or a piece of text. String diagrams are used to visualise information flow and reason about natural language semantics.
Charles Wheatstone
Sir Charles Wheatstone (/ˈwiːtstən/; 6 February 1802 – 19 October 1875) was an English physicist and inventor best known for his contributions to the development of the Wheatstone bridge, originally invented by Samuel Hunter Christie, which is used to measure an unknown electrical resistance, and as a major figure in the development of telegraphy. His other contributions include the English concertina, the stereoscope (a device for displaying three-dimensional images) and the Playfair cipher (an encryption technique).

Alexander Bain (inventor)
Alexander Bain (12 October 1810 – 2 January 1877) was a Scottish inventor and engineer who was first to invent and patent the electric clock. He created the first fax machine, known as Bain's facsimile. Bain also installed the railway telegraph lines between Edinburgh and Glasgow.
Manthira Punnagai (TV series)
Manthira Punnagai (transl. Mystic smile) is a 2022 Indian-Tamil-language romantic thriller drama television series. It is based on Hindi-language Colors TV's drama series Ishq Mein Marjawan 2, written by Sameer Siddiqui.

It starred Supritha Sathyanarayan, Niyaz and Hussain Ahamed Khan and produced by Thenandal Studio Limited. It premiered on Colors Tamil on 1 August 2022 and ended abruptly on 25 November 2022 with 81 episodes, and aired on Monday to Friday at 21:30 and available for streaming in selected markets on Voot.

Thenandal Studio Limited
Thenandal Studio Limited (TSL), formerly known as Sri Thenandal Films and Sri Thenandal Pictures, is an Indian film production and distribution studio in Chennai, Tamil Nadu. It was founded by director Rama Narayanan.
Jack Rhapps
John "Jack" Rhapps (15 July 1876 – 23 January 1950) was a Welsh international rugby union forward who played club rugby for Penygraig, and international rugby for Wales. Rhapps later "Went North", when he turned professional, joining rugby league team Salford, and along with Anthony Starks they became the World's first dual-code rugby internationals.

Rhapps was born in the Penylan pub in Aberaman, near Aberdare, but came to the Rhondda Valley to find work. A collier by profession, Rhapps was one of the first 'Rhondda forwards', an aggressive style of forward player who was expected to play a more physical style of game.

Penygraig RFC
Penygraig Rugby Football Club is a Welsh rugby union team based in Penygraig, Wales. Penygraig RFC formed in 1877, one of the earlier rugby clubs to emerge, and by the 1890s were a strong voice in the Welsh Rugby Union, one of four clubs from the Rhondda Valley that held WRU representation.
(Old Dogs, Children and) Watermelon Wine
"(Old Dogs, Children and) Watermelon Wine" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Tom T. Hall. It was released in November 1972 as the second and final single from the album The Storyteller. The song was Hall's third number one on the U.S. country singles chart and earned him his second nomination for the Grammy Award for Best Country Song. "(Old Dogs, Children and) Watermelon Wine" spent one week at the top and a total of thirteen weeks on the chart.  On June 1, 2014, Rolling Stone magazine ranked the song #93 on its list of the 100 greatest country songs.

Tom T. Hall
Thomas Hall (May 25, 1936 – August 20, 2021), known professionally as Tom T. Hall and informally nicknamed "the Storyteller", was an American country music singer-songwriter and short-story author. He wrote 12 number-one hit songs, with 26 more that reached the top 10, including the number-one international pop crossover hit "Harper Valley PTA", and "I Love", which reached number 12 on the Billboard Hot 100. He is included in Rolling Stone's list of 100 Greatest Songwriters. He was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2008, and the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame alongside his wife Dixie in 2018.
Spreading Rumours
Spreading Rumours is the second studio album by the indie rock band Grouplove. It was released on September 17, 2013. The lead single "Ways to Go" peaked at #2 on the US Alternative Airplay chart. Their single  "I'm With You" was featured as the soundtrack in the EA Sports game, FIFA 14.

Grouplove
Grouplove (often typeset as GROUPLOVE) is an American alternative rock band formed in 2009 by Christian Zucconi (lead vocals, rhythm guitar), Hannah Hooper (lead vocals, keyboards), Sean Gadd (bass), Andrew Wessen (lead guitar, backing vocals), and Ryan Rabin (drums). The latter produced the band's self-titled debut extended play (2010), which was originally released independently, but later re-released by Atlantic Records following the success of its single, "Colours".

Grouplove is known for their 2011 single "Tongue Tied", which peaked within the top 50 of the Billboard Hot 100 and received quintuple platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). It preceded the release of their debut studio album, Never Trust a Happy Song (2011), which lukewarmly entered the Billboard 200. As of 2024, Grouplove has released six studio albums and two EPs.
Adam Harrington (basketball)
Adam Philip Harrington (born July 5, 1980) is an American former professional basketball player and coach who is a head coach for Phantom BC of the Unrivaled basketball league. He previously served as an assistant coach and the director of player development for the Brooklyn Nets of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played collegiately at Auburn University and North Carolina State University and professionally in the United States, various European countries, and China.

He is also the founder of the JEHH Memorial Fund.

Phantom BC
Phantom Basketball Club, also known as Phantom BC, is an American three-on-three professional basketball team. They are a member of the Unrivaled basketball league, and made their debut in January 2025. The teams are based in Miami, Florida and Phantom is led by coach Adam Harrington.
University of Virginia College of Arts and Sciences
The University of Virginia College of Arts & Sciences is the largest of the University of Virginia's ten schools. Consisting of both a graduate and an undergraduate program, the college comprises the liberal arts and humanities section of the university.

Edward Ayers was the dean of the college through July 1, 2007, when he was named the ninth President of the University of Richmond; Karen L. Ryan was named Interim Dean after his departure, and Meredith Jung-En Woo became dean on June 1, 2008. The College (as it is called at UVA) offers more than 45 undergraduate majors and more than 24 graduate programs. On July 1, 2014, Ian Baucom began his tenure as the Buckner W. Clay Dean of the College and Graduate School of Arts & Sciences after serving 17 years in Duke University's Department of English. Dean Baucom was a professor of English and directed the John Hope Franklin Humanities Institute at Duke.

Edward L. Ayers
Edward Lynn Ayers (born January 22, 1953) is an American historian, professor, administrator, and university president. In July 2013, he was awarded the National Humanities Medal by President Barack Obama at a White House ceremony for Ayers's commitment "to making our history as widely available and accessible as possible." He served as the president of the Organization of American Historians in 2017–18.
Edward Stone Parker
Edward Stone Parker  (1802–1865) was a Methodist preacher and  assistant Protector of Aborigines in the Aboriginal Protectorate established in the Port Phillip District of colonial New South Wales under George Augustus Robinson in 1838. He established and administered the Franklinford Aboriginal Protectorate Station in the territory of the Dja Dja Wurrung people from January 1841 to the end of 1848.

Franklinford
Franklinford is a locality in the Shire of Hepburn and Mount Alexander Shire, Victoria, Australia. At the 2016 census, Franklinford had a population of 66 people.

Franklinford was the site chosen by Edward Stone Parker to build the Loddon Aboriginal Protectorate station at Franklinford in January 1841 which was an important focus of the Dja Dja Wurrung people from 1841 until they were forcibly resettled in 1864. It is located on the Midland Highway.
Battle of Málaga (1937)
The Battle of Málaga was the culmination of an offensive in early 1937 by the combined Nationalist and Italian forces to eliminate Republican control of the province of Málaga during the Spanish Civil War. Nazi Germany was also involved through air and naval support. The participation of Moroccan regulars and especially of modern and armoured Italian forces from the recently arrived Corpo Truppe Volontarie resulted in a complete rout of the Spanish Republican Army and the capitulation of Málaga in less than a week.

Spanish Republican Army
The Spanish Republican Army (Spanish: Ejército de la República Española) was the main branch of the Armed Forces of the Second Spanish Republic between 1931 and 1939.

It became known as People's Army of the Republic (Ejército Popular de la República) after it was reorganized, following the disbandment of the voluntary militias that were formed in July 1936 at the beginning of the Spanish Civil War.
Jack Michael
Jack Michael (January 16, 1926 – November 12, 2020) was an American psychologist and professor at Western Michigan University. He developed one of the first token economies, the concept of motivating operations (MOs), and is a pioneer of what is now referred to as applied behavior analysis (ABA, also called behavioral engineering).

Motivating operation
Motivating operation (MO) is a behavioristic concept introduced by Jack Michael in 1982. It is used to explain variations in the effects in the consequences of behavior.  Most importantly, an MO affects how strongly the individual is reinforced or punished by the consequences of their behavior. For example, food deprivation is a motivating operation; if an individual (human or non-human animal) is hungry, food is strongly reinforcing, but if they are satiated, food is less reinforcing.  In 2003 Laraway suggested subdividing MOs into those that increase the reinforcing or punishing effects of a stimulus, which are termed establishing operations, and MOs that decrease the reinforcing or punishing effects of a stimulus, which are termed abolishing operations.
Fault breccia
Fault breccia, or tectonic breccia, is a breccia (a rock type consisting of angular clasts) that was formed by tectonic forces.

Fault breccia is a tectonite formed by localized zone of brittle deformation (a fault zone) in a rock. Brecciation in fault zones influences fault zone hydrogeology in its interaction with groundwater and petroleum deposits.

Fault zone hydrogeology
Fault zone hydrogeology is the study of how brittlely deformed rocks alter fluid flows in different lithological settings, such as clastic, igneous and carbonate rocks. Fluid movements, that can be quantified as permeability, can be facilitated or impeded due to the existence of a fault zone. This is because different mechanisms that deform rocks can alter porosity and permeability within a fault zone. Fluids involved in a fault system generally are groundwater (fresh and marine waters) and hydrocarbons (Oil and Gas).

Take notice that permeability (k) and hydraulic conductivity (K) are used interchangeably in this article for simplified understanding
ArcticRail
ArcticRail Oy is a private Finnish freight railway operator founded in 2023. The company has acquired two used class Dr16 diesel locomotives from the state-owned VR Group, as well as a class Dr35 shunting locomotive and some goods wagons. In September 2025, it started operating lumber trains into UPM's factory in Kymi.

VR Class Dr16
The Dr16 is a class of diesel-electric locomotives built for VR Group. The 23 locomotives have a single, off-centre cab. Their nickname is "Iso Vaalee" (Big Blonde). They are presently mainly used on heavy freight services in northern Finland; their main passenger duty is the haulage of trains on the non-electrified line between Kemi and Kolari in Lapland. Dr16 locomotives were also used extensively on the line between Oulu and Rovaniemi, prior to the completion of the electrification of the line in 2004.

VR plans to retire its Dr16 locomotives by the end of 2025.
Darlington Mowden Park R.F.C.
Darlington Mowden Park is a professional rugby union club, based in Darlington, County Durham, England. They currently compete in National League 2 North, at the fourth tier of the English rugby union system, following relegation from the 2024–25 National League 1.

The club's former name, Darlington Grammar School Old Boys, was changed when they moved to Yiewsley Drive, which was located in Mowden. They relocated to The Darlington Arena, a 25,000 all-seater stadium in Darlington, purchasing the previously-vacated ground for £2 million; Yiewsley Drive had previously been sold to a housing estate company, and the Arena was previously owned by Darlington Football Club. They played their first game at the arena on 2 February 2013, in front of a crowd of over 1,000, comprehensively defeating Bromsgrove 62–7 in a National League 2 North league game.

Darlington
Darlington is a market town in the Borough of Darlington, County Durham, England. It lies on the River Skerne, 13 miles (21 km) west of Middlesbrough and 17 miles (27 km) south of Durham. Darlington had a population of 107,800 at the 2021 Census, making it a "large town" and one of the largest settlements in North East England. The town is linked to London, Leeds, York, Newcastle and Edinburgh by the East Coast Main Line railway and the A1 road.
And Soon the Darkness (1970 film)
And Soon the Darkness is a 1970 British thriller film directed by Robert Fuest and starring Pamela Franklin, Michele Dotrice and Sandor Elès. The plot follows two British nurses on a cycling holiday in rural France; during their trip, one of them vanishes, and the other struggles to search for her in a rural community.

It was the first movie made under Bryan Forbes at EMI Elstree to be released (Hoffman had been produced first but was released later).

Robert Fuest
Robert Fuest (30 September 1927 – 21 March 2012) was an English film and television director, screenwriter, production designer, and painter, who worked mostly in the horror, fantasy and suspense genres.

His notable works include the Vincent Price-starring The Abominable Dr. Phibes (1971), which was ranked by Time Out London as one of the 100 greatest horror films of all time, and its sequel Dr. Phibes Rises Again (1972). He was also known for his contributions to the television series The Avengers.
Kidapawan
Kidapawan, officially the City of Kidapawan (Cebuano: Dakbayan sa Kidapawan; Hiligaynon: Dakbanwa sang Kidapawan; Maguindanaon: Kuta nu Kidapawan; Obo Monuvu: Ingod to Kidapawan; Filipino: Lungsod ng Kidapawan), is a component city and the capital of the province of Cotabato, Philippines.

From 3rd income class, it was reclassified as a 1st income class city on 1 January 2025. Moreover, according to the 2020 Census, it has a population of 160,791 people making it the most populous in the province.

It is located at the foot of Mount Apo, the country's highest mountain.

Maguindanao language
Maguindanaon (Basa Magindanawn, Jawi: باس مڬندنون‎), or Magindanawn  is an Austronesian language spoken by Maguindanaon people who form majority of the population of eponymous provinces of Maguindanao del Norte and Maguindanao del Sur in the Philippines. It is also spoken by sizable minorities in different parts of Mindanao such as the cities of Zamboanga, Davao, General Santos, and Cagayan de Oro, and the provinces of Cotabato, Sultan Kudarat, South Cotabato, Sarangani, Zamboanga del Sur, Zamboanga Sibugay, Davao del Sur, Davao Occidental, Bukidnon as well as Metro Manila, Bulacan, Cavite, Rizal and Laguna. As of 2020, the language is ranked to be the ninth leading language spoken at home in the Philippines with only 365,032 households still speaking the language.
Armands Šķēle
Armands Šķēle (born 4 September 1983) is a Latvian former professional basketball player who played as a shooting guard. Šķēle was a member of the Latvian National Team, representing Latvia in five EuroBasket tournaments and earning 99 caps. In 2008, he won the EuroCup with Barons LMT.

BC Kalev
BC Kalev, also known as BC Kalev/Cramo for sponsorship reasons, is a professional basketball club based in Tallinn, Estonia. The team plays in the Korvpalli Meistriliiga (KML), the Estonian-Latvian Basketball League and the FIBA Europe Cup. Their home arena is the Kalev Sports Hall.

BC Kalev/Cramo have been the most successful Estonian basketball club in the last two decades, having won one Estonian-Latvian League championship, 15 Estonian League championships and 10 Estonian Cup titles.
Lan Samantha Chang
Lan Samantha Chang (Chinese: 張嵐; pinyin: Zhāng Lán; born 1965) is an American novelist and short story writer. She is the author of the novel The Family Chao and short story collection Hunger. For her fiction, which explores Chinese American and Taiwanese American experiences, she is a recipient of the Anisfield-Wolf Book Award, the Berlin Prize, the PEN Open Book Award and the Rona Jaffe Foundation Writers' Award.

She is the Elizabeth M. Stanley Professor in the Arts at the University of Iowa and the Director of the Iowa Writers' Workshop since 2005. She is the first woman, and the first Asian American, to hold the position.

Yale Daily News
The Yale Daily News is a student newspaper published by students at Yale University, an Ivy League university in New Haven, Connecticut, United States since 1878. It is the oldest independent college daily newspaper in the United States.
Hillary Tuck
Hillary Tuck (born July 1, 1978) is an American former actress. She started as a child actress, including roles in the NBC Saturday Morning sitcom Hang Time (1995–1996) and Disney's Honey, I Shrunk the Kids: The TV Show.

She has also guest starred in such television series as Roseanne, Boy Meets World, Judging Amy, House, The Closer, Bones, Ghost Whisperer, 90210 and others.

Tuck has also appeared in the feature films Camp Nowhere (1994), The Great Mom Swap (1995), Life as a House (2001) and The Visitation (2006). She also played a new intern in the 2001 film How to Make a Monster. She also appeared in guest roles in The Mentalist (2012) and Grimm (2015). Her last appearance was a credit as "victim's wife" in a 2019 episode of Bosch.

Tuck married Bobby Croll in 2010; together, the couple have son Jasper and daughter Cleo.

Honey, I Shrunk the Kids: The TV Show
Honey, I Shrunk the Kids: The TV Show (truncated to Honey, I Shrunk the Kids in the show's title sequence) is an American syndicated comic science fiction series based on the 1989 film. It expands upon the original film's concept of a shrinking experiment gone wrong to include a myriad of experiments gone awry. The hour-long program debuted in syndication on September 27, 1997, and ran for three consecutive seasons, concluding with the 66th episode on May 20, 2000.

Peter Scolari took over the role of Wayne Szalinski, the wacky inventor played by Rick Moranis in the original film. Each episode incorporates new technologies and digital effects to feature the family in various new adventures. The series was filmed in Calgary, Alberta, with its main studios located in Currie Barracks, a decommissioned Canadian Forces dormitory.
Christopher Gallard Gilbert
Christopher Gallard Gilbert (7 September 1936 – 29 September 1998) was a British furniture historian and museum curator.  He wrote on Thomas Chippendale and was a founding member of the Furniture History Society in 1964. From 1975 to 1983, he was the editor of the society's annual journal, Furniture History, and, in 1990, he became its chairman.

Gilbert was born in Lancaster on 7 September 1936, the son of Frank Lathe Gilbert and the author Ruth Ainsworth and twin of Oliver Lathe Gilbert, the urban ecologist and lichenologist.  He was twice married (two daughters; three stepsons, one stepdaughter). He died in Leeds on 29 September 1998.

Oliver Gilbert (lichenologist)
Oliver Gilbert (7 September 1936 – 15 May 2005) was a British urban ecologist and lichenologist. He was a reader in landscape ecology at Sheffield University. He was one of the early users of lichens as indicators of air pollution, and also studied the ecology and diversity of wildlife in urban areas.
Mohammad Ali (actor)
Mohammad Ali (Urdu: مُحمّد علی; 19 April 1931 – 19 March 2006) was a Pakistani actor. He was known as Shahenshah-e-Jazbaat 
(Urdu: شہنشاہِ جذبات), meaning The Emperor of Emotions. A versatile performer, he acted in dramatic, romantic, and historical movies. He was voted among 25 of the greatest actors of Asia in a 2010 CNN poll.

Hyderabad, Pakistan
Hyderabad, also known as Neroonkot, is the capital and largest city of the Hyderabad Division in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It is the second-largest city in Sindh, after Karachi, and the 7th largest in Pakistan.

Founded in 1768 by Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro of the Kalhora Dynasty, Hyderabad served as a provincial capital until the British transferred the capital to Bombay Presidency in 1840. It is about 150 kilometres (93 mi) inland of Karachi, the largest city of Pakistan, to which it is connected by a direct railway and M-9 motorway.
Greg Brown (Australian rules footballer)
Greg Brown (born 26 February 1943) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Essendon in the VFL during the 1960s.

Brown was recruited to Essendon locally and he made his debut for the seniors in 1963. He played as a defender, usually at full-back and it was at that position that he was a member of Essendon's 1965 premiership side. After a good season in 1967 where he finished second in his club's Best and fairest, injuries got the better of him and by 1969 he was playing most of his football in the reserves. He finished runner up in another award, the Gardiner Medal, that year and retired from the VFL at the end of the season to finish his career at the Waverley Football Club.

After retirement he still remained involved in football as both a commentator and Essendon administrator.

Waverley Football Club
The Waverley Football Club, nicknamed the Panthers, was an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Glen Waverley.

The club competed in the Victorian Football Association (VFA) from 1961 until 1987. They became the Waverley Amateurs in 1988 after absorbing Clayton Amateurs, before merging with Mount Waverley Burwood to form the Waverley Blues in 1998.