hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cooks River/Castlereagh Ironbark Forest
The Cooks River/Castlereagh Ironbark Forest (CRCIF) is a scattered, dry sclerophyll, open-forest to low woodland and scrubland which occurs predominantly in the Cumberland subregion of the Sydney basin bioregion, between Castlereagh and Holsworthy, as well as around the headwaters of the Cooks River. The Cooks River Clay Plain Scrub Forest is a component of this ecological community, though both belong to a larger occurring community called the Temperate Eucalyptus fibrosa/Melaleuca decora woodland.

On 10 May 2002 the NSW Government gazetted the forest as a critically Endangered Ecological Community under the Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995; and on 17 March 2015 the forest was listed as Critically Endangered by the Australian Government under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. The community occurs in fragmented patches within the Cumberland Plain Woodland, where it generally grades into it.

Cooks River
The Cooks River, a semi-mature tide-dominated drowned valley estuary, is a tributary of Botany Bay, located in southern Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

The course of the 23-kilometre-long (14 mi) urban waterway has been altered to accommodate various developments along its shore. It serves as part of a stormwater system for the 100 square kilometres (39 sq mi) of its watershed, and many of the original streams running into it have been turned into concrete lined channels. The tidal sections support significant areas of mangrove ecosystems and are used for recreational activities.
Holy Cross, Worcestershire
Holy Cross is one of five hamlets in village of Clent in the county of Worcestershire, England. The hamlet consists of housing apart from the Bell and  Cross public house, Clent Parish Hall and Clent Primary School.

Clent
Clent is a village and civil parish in the Bromsgrove District of Worcestershire, England, southwest of Birmingham and close to the edge of the West Midlands conurbation. At the 2001 census it had a population of 2,600.

The name Clent derives from the Old English clent, apparently meaning 'rock'.
Sherry Turkle
Sherry Turkle (born June 18, 1948) is an American sociologist. She is the Abby Rockefeller Mauzé Professor of the Social Studies of Science and Technology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She obtained a BA in social studies and later a PhD in sociology and personality psychology at Harvard University. She now focuses her research on psychoanalysis and human-technology interaction. She has written several books focusing on the psychology of human relationships with technology, especially in the realm of how people relate to computational objects. Her memoir 'Empathy Diaries' received excellent critical reviews.

Seymour Papert
Seymour Aubrey Papert (/ˈpæpərt/; 29 February 1928 – 31 July 2016) was a South African-born American mathematician, computer scientist, and educator, who spent most of his career teaching and researching at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He was one of the pioneers of artificial intelligence, and of the constructionist movement in education. He was co-inventor, with Wally Feurzeig and Cynthia Solomon, of the Logo programming language.
Battle of Quatre Bras
The Battle of Quatre Bras was fought on 16 June 1815, as a preliminary engagement to the decisive Battle of Waterloo that occurred two days later. The battle took place near the strategic crossroads of Quatre Bras and was contested between elements of the Duke of Wellington's Anglo-allied army and the left wing of Napoleon Bonaparte's French Armée du Nord under Marshal Michel Ney. The battle was a tactical victory for Wellington (as he possessed the field at dusk), but because Ney prevented him going to the aid of Blücher's Prussians who were fighting the French army under the command of Napoleon Bonaparte at Ligny it was a strategic victory for the French.

François Étienne de Kellermann
François Étienne de Kellermann, 2nd Duke of Valmy (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃swa etjɛn də kelamɑn]; 4 August 1770 – 2 June 1835) was a French cavalry general noted for his daring and skillful exploits during the Napoleonic Wars. He was the son of François Christophe de Kellermann and the father of the diplomat François Christophe Edmond de Kellermann.
Kirtipala
Kirti-pala (IAST: Kīrtipāla, r. c. 1160-1182 CE), also known as Kitu in vernacular legends, was an Indian king belonging to the Chahamana dynasty of Javalipura (modern Jalore). A member of the Naddula Chahamana family, he carved out a principality for himself with Jalore at its capital. He ruled parts of southern Rajasthan as a feudatory of the Chaulukyas, and participated in their successful battle against Muhammad of Ghor in 1178 CE. He also fought with other Chaulukya feudatories, including Asala of Kiratakupa (modern Kiradu) and the Guhila chief Samantasimha.

Chahamanas of Jalor
The Chahamanas of Jalor, also known as the Chauhans of Jalor in vernacular legends, were an Indian dynasty that ruled the area around Jalore in present-day Rajasthan between 1160 and 1311. They belonged to the Chahamana (Chauhan) clan of the Rajputs

They branched off from the Chahamanas of Naddula, and then ruled as feudatories of the Chaulukyas of Gujarat. For a brief period, they became independent, but ultimately succumbed to the Delhi Sultanate at the Siege of Jalore.
Listed buildings in Ashford Carbonell
Ashford Carbonell is a civil parish in Shropshire, England.  It contains 32 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, two are listed at Grade II*, the middle grade of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the village of Ashford Carbonell and the surrounding countryside.  Most of the listed buildings are in the village, and include houses with associated structures, cottages, a church and items in the churchyard, a school, and a war memorial.  Outside the village they include a bridge, a farmhouse and farm buildings, a former public house and a former malt house, both converted into private houses, an outbuilding, a watermill and a weir, and a house.

Ashford Carbonell
Ashford Carbonell (or Ashford Carbonel) is a village and civil parish in south Shropshire, England, near the county border with Herefordshire.

The village lies 2.5 miles (4.0 km) south of the market town of Ludlow, on the eastern side of the River Teme, facing the smaller Ashford Bowdler. The river acts as the boundary between the parishes of Ashford Bowdler and Ashford Carbonel, and is crossed locally by Ashford Bridge, which takes the Caynham Road from the A49 towards Caynham.

The civil parish (which is formally named Ashford Carbonel) had a population of 321 as recorded in the 2011 census; the area covered by the parish is 635 hectares (1,570 acres).
Isla San José (Panama)
Isla San José is the second-largest island in the Pearl Islands, off the Pacific coast of Panama. The privately owned island has an area of 44 square kilometres (17 sq mi). At the 2000 census, it had a population of 10 people. Thousands of wild pigs and deer populate Isla San Jose, which has a rugged, rocky shoreline and over 50 beaches.

The island is served by San José Airport.

Isla San José Airport
San José Airport (IATA: SIC) is an airport serving the island of San José, in the Pearl Islands archipelago of Panama.

The east approach and departure are over water and an overrun on the east end terminates with a steep drop into the ocean.

The Taboga Island VOR-DME (Ident: TBG) is located 42.8 nautical miles (79 km) northwest of the airport.
George Young (surgeon and botanist)
George Young (died 1803) was a British military surgeon and botanist who served as the first superintendent of the botanic gardens in Kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. The naturalist John Ellis, in his book Some Additional Observations on the Method of Preserving Seeds from Foreign Parts (London, 1773) described Young as "principal surgeon to the [St. Vincent military] hospital, whose indefatigable zeal in collecting and propagating a variety of the most valuable plants, is known to all the curious botanists about London." Young's noteworthy efforts in cultivating a variety of tropical plants important for the economy of the British colonies was recognized by the Royal Society of Arts in 1774, which awarded him a gold medal for his work. Named as one of the pupils of the botanist John Hope in the later's entry in the ODNB.

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Botanic Gardens
The Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Botanic Gardens is located in Kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. Established in 1765, it is the oldest botanic garden in the Western Hemisphere. It is one of the most visited sites in Saint Vincent and the Grenadines. A historic landmark of major national, regional and global significance, it currently occupies approximately 8 hectares (20 acres).
Order of the Defender of State
The Order of the Defender of State (Malay: Darjah Pangkuan Negeri) is the sole order of chivalry of the state of Penang which was constituted in 1967 by then Yang di-Pertua Negeri Tun Dato' Seri Utama Raja Uda Raja Muhammad to recognize eminent contributions of individuals towards Penang and the nation.  The order was initially constituted in three grades, namely the Knight Grand Commander, Companion, and Member.  Later, other grades were added to the order.  Currently, the order is conferred in six grades.

Annually, inductions are made to the order on the occasion of the Yang di-Pertua Negeri's birthday.

Abdul Halim Hussain
Yang Berbahagia Dato' Seri Abdul Halim bin Hussain (born 29 November 1960) is a Malaysian politician who served as Member of the Penang State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Pakatan Harapan (PH) state administration under Chief Minister Chow Kon Yeow and Member of the Penang State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Batu Maung from May 2018 to August 2023 as well as 8th Speaker of the Penang State Legislative Assembly from March 2008 to June 2013. He is a member of the People's Justice Party (PKR), a component party of the PH and formerly Pakatan Rakyat (PR) coalitions.
Jaila
Jaila is an administrative ward in Kilindi District of Tanga Region in Tanzania. 
The ward covers an area of 157 km2 (61 sq mi), and has an average elevation of 733 m (2,405 ft). According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 12,319.

Kilindi District, Tanga
Kilindi is one of eleven administrative districts of Tanga Region in Tanzania. The District covers an area of 6,444 km2 (2,488 sq mi). It is bordered to the east by the Handeni District and Handeni Town Council, to the south west  by the Kiteto District and north west by the Simanjiro District of Manyara Region. Kilindi District is bordered to the south by Gairo District and Kilosa District of Morogoro Region. The district created from Handeni District in 2002. The district seat (capital) is the town of Songe. The district is home to Nguu Mountains. According to the 2022 census, the district has a total population of 398,391.
BEAR and LION ciphers
The BEAR and LION block ciphers were invented by Ross Anderson and Eli Biham by combining a stream cipher and a cryptographic hash function. The algorithms use a very large variable block size, on the order of 213 to 223 bits or more. Both are 3-round generalized (alternating) Feistel ciphers, using the hash function and the stream cipher as round functions. BEAR uses the hash function twice with independent keys, and the stream cipher once. LION uses the stream cipher twice and the hash function once. The inventors proved that an attack on either BEAR or LION that recovers the key would break both the stream cipher and the hash.

Block cipher
In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks. Block ciphers are the elementary building blocks of many cryptographic protocols. They are ubiquitous in the storage and exchange of data, where such data is secured and authenticated via encryption.

A block cipher uses blocks as an unvarying transformation. Even a secure block cipher is suitable for the encryption of only a single block of data at a time, using a fixed key. A multitude of modes of operation have been designed to allow their repeated use in a secure way to achieve the other security goals of confidentiality and authenticity. However, block ciphers may also feature as building blocks in other cryptographic protocols, such as universal hash functions and pseudorandom number generators.
Frank Bank
Frank Bank (April 12, 1942 – April 13, 2013) was an American actor, particularly known for his role as Clarence "Lumpy" Rutherford on the 1957–1963 situation comedy television series Leave It to Beaver.

Leave It to Beaver
Leave It to Beaver is an American television sitcom that follows the misadventures of a suburban boy, his family and his friends. It starred Barbara Billingsley, Hugh Beaumont, Tony Dow and Jerry Mathers.

CBS first broadcast the show on October 4, 1957, but dropped it after one season. ABC picked it up and aired it for another five years, from October 2, 1958, to June 20, 1963. It proved to be a scheduling challenge for both networks, moving through four time slots (Wednesday through Saturday evenings) over the course of its run. The series was produced by Gomalco Productions from 1957 to 1961, and then by Kayro Productions from 1961 to 1963. It was distributed by Revue Studios.

While Leave It to Beaver never broke into the Nielsen Ratings top 30 in its six-season run, it proved to be much more popular in reruns. It also led to an unsuccessful 1997 film of the same name.
Alte Wöhr station
Alte Wöhr is a station on the Hamburg-Altona link line and served by the trains of Hamburg S-Bahn line S1. The station is also known as Alte Wöhr (Stadtpark), due to its proximity to Hamburg Stadtpark. It was opened in 1931 and is located in the Hamburg district of Barmbek-Nord, Germany. Barmbek-Nord is part of the borough of Hamburg-Nord.

Hamburg-Altona link line
The Hamburg-Altona link line (German: Hamburg-Altonaer Verbindungsbahn) is a railway line in Hamburg, Germany. Nowadays, it connects the lines from the north and northwest of Hamburg and Altona station with Hamburg Hauptbahnhof and the lines to the southwest, south and east. Initially designed as a freight line only, it is now one of the busiest lines in Germany. It includes the suburban tracks of the Hamburg Stadtbahn, originally the core of the Hamburg S-Bahn.
Stapleton Houses
The Stapleton Houses are a housing project in the Stapleton neighborhood of Staten Island, New York City. The project consists of six 8-story buildings with 693 apartment units. It covers 16.87 acres (6.83 ha) and is bordered by Tompkins Avenue, and Broad, Hill, Warren and Gordon Streets. It is owned and managed by New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA) and is the largest NYCHA development in Staten Island.

Stapleton, Staten Island
Stapleton is a neighborhood in northeastern Staten Island in New York City, United States. It is located along the waterfront of Upper New York Bay, roughly bounded on the north by Tompkinsville at Grant Street, on the south by Clifton at Vanderbilt Avenue, and on the west by St. Paul's Avenue and Van Duzer Street, which form the border with the community of Grymes Hill.

Stapleton is one of the older waterfront neighborhoods of the borough, built in the 1830s on land once owned by the Vanderbilt family. It was a long-time commercial center of the island, but has struggled to revive after several decades of neglect following the 1964 construction of the Verrazzano–Narrows Bridge, which shifted the commercial development of the island to its interior.

Stapleton is part of Staten Island Community District 1 and its ZIP Code is 10304. Stapleton is patrolled by the 120th Precinct of the New York City Police Department.
Seewis-Pardisla railway station
Seewis-Pardisla railway station (German: Bahnhof Seewis-Pardisla) is a railway station in the municipality of Seewis im Prättigau, in the Swiss canton of Grisons. It is an intermediate stop on the Rhaetian Railway 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge Landquart–Davos Platz line. Prior to December 2018 it was known as Seewis-Valzeina.

Landquart–Davos Platz railway line
The Landquart–Davos Platz railway line, also known as the Prättigau line (German: Prättigauerlinie) after the Prättigau region, is a metre-gauge railway line in Grisons canton,  Switzerland. It is operated by the Rhaetian Railway. It has connected Landquart in the Alpine Rhine valley with the spa town of Davos since 1890.
Black River Falls, Wisconsin
Black River Falls is a city in Jackson County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. The population was 3,523 at the 2020 census. It is located along the Black River and home to the headquarters of the Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin.

Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin
The Ho-Chunk Nation (Ho-Chunk language: Hoocąk) is a federally recognized tribe of the Ho-Chunk with traditional territory across five states in the United States: Wisconsin, Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, and Missouri. The other federally recognized tribe of Ho-Chunk people is the Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska. The tribe separated when its members were forcibly relocated first to an eastern part of Iowa known as the Neutral Ground, then to Minnesota, South Dakota and later to the current reservation in Nebraska.

Historically, the surrounding Algonquin tribes referred to them by a term that evolved to Winnebago, which was later used as well as by the French and English. The Ho-Chunk Nation have always called themselves Ho-Chunk. The name Ho-Chunk comes from the word Hocaagra (Ho meaning "voice", cąk meaning "sacred", ra being a definitive article) meaning "People of the Sacred Voice".
Khwahan, Afghanistan
Khwahan (Dari: خواهان) is a town (and a fort) and the capital of Khwahan District, Badakhshan Province, northern Afghanistan. It is located on the left bank of the Panj River, in the subregion of Darwaz.

Khwahan District
Khwahan (Dari: شهرستان خواهان; Pashto: خواهان ولسوالی) is one of the 28 districts of Badakhshan province, located in northeastern Afghanistan. The district capital is Khwahan. The district borders Raghistan to the southwest, Kuf Ab to the northeast, the Panj river to the northwest, and Shamsiddin Shohin district, located in the Khatlon region of Tajikistan to the west.
Ugo Mattei
Ugo Mattei (born 1961) is the Emeritus Alfred and Hanna Fromm Professor of International and Comparative Law at the University of California, Hastings College of the Law, in San Francisco, California, and a full professor of civil law in the University of Turin, Italy. He is the academic coordinator of the International University College of Turin, Italy, a school where issues of law and finance in global capitalism are critically approached. He is also a columnist for the Italian newspapers Il Manifesto and Il Fatto Quotidiano. For his ground-breaking studies on the commons, in 2017 Mattei won the Elinor Ostrom Award for the Collective Governance of the Commons.

International University College of Turin
45°03′51″N 7°40′46″E﻿ / ﻿45.064201°N 7.679331°E﻿ / 45.064201; 7.679331

The International University College of Turin, or IUC Turin, is an independent University founded in 2006 with a grant from  the Compagnia di San Paolo and Consiglio Nazionale del Notariato. Teaching at IUC focuses on the interdisciplinary and critical study of law, economics and finance. The IUC is located in the periphery of the city of Turin, Italy. The Founding President of IUC is Franzo Grande Stevens. Stefano Rodotà served as President until 2014.

As of 2025, the President is Edoardo Reviglio. In 2022 the IUC moved to the current location in Campus Leone Ginzburg Via Cigna 37, Turin
Station at the Horizon
Station at the Horizon (German: Station am Horizont) is a novel by Erich Maria Remarque, a German veteran of World War I. The book describes the search for love of a veteran and former race car driver, Kai, who is torn between Barbara, a girl from the village, Maud, an American middle-class woman, and Lilian Dunquerke, a countess.

The novel was first published in 1927/28, in a German sports magazine Sport im Bild. However, it was not published as a book until 1998.

Erich Maria Remarque
Erich Maria Remarque (/rəˈmɑːrk/; German: [ˈeːʁɪç maˈʁiːa ʁəˈmaʁk] ⓘ; born Erich Paul Remark; 22 June 1898 – 25 September 1970) was a German novelist. His landmark novel All Quiet on the Western Front (1928), based on his experience in the Imperial German Army during World War I, was an international bestseller which created a new literary genre of veterans writing about conflict. The book was adapted to film several times. Remarque's anti-war themes led to his condemnation by Nazi propaganda minister Joseph Goebbels as "unpatriotic". He was able to use his literary success and fame to relocate to Switzerland as a refugee, and to the United States, where he became a naturalized citizen.
Clifford McEwen
Air Vice Marshal Clifford Mackay McEwen CB, MC, DFC & Bar (2 July 1896 – 6 August 1967) was a fighter ace in the British Royal Flying Corps during World War I and a senior commander in the Royal Canadian Air Force during World War II. His Second World War service culminated in his commanding No. 6 Group RCAF in England from 28 February 1944 to 13 July 1945.

During his command the performance of the RCAF was greatly improved, becoming the most successful Allied bombing force in several ways. By late 1944 the RCAF had both the best survival rate and the highest accuracy of any bombing force.

McEwen was born on 2 July 1896 in Griswold, Manitoba and grew up in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan.

No. 6 Group RCAF
No. 6 Group RCAF was a group of Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) heavy bomber squadrons in Europe during the Second World War, between 1942 and 1945. The group operated out of airfields in Yorkshire, England.
Trinkhalle (Baden-Baden)
The Trinkhalle (pump house) in the Kurhaus spa complex in Baden-Baden, Germany  was built 1839–42 by Heinrich Hübsch in a complementary architectural style as the spa's main building. The 90-metre arcade is lined with frescos and benches.  The spa waters are said to have curative powers.

Heinrich Hübsch
Heinrich Hübsch (9 February 1795 – 3 April 1863) was a German architect.  After studies in Heidelberg (1813–15) and at Friedrich Weinbrenner's school of architecture in Karlsruhe (1815–17) he traveled extensively in Greece and Italy (1817–24).  In 1831 he was appointed Oberbaurat (inspector of buildings) at Karlsruhe.  He designed many churches and other public buildings, mainly in the Grand Duchy of Baden, and is also known for his writings.

In his book In welchem Style sollen wir bauen? (In which style should we build?, 1828) he distanced himself from Weinbrenner's neoclassical style. Die altchristlichen Kirchen (Karlsruhe, 1862) is a work on basilican architecture, published also in French as Monuments de l'architecture chrétienne.

Hübsch is credited with creating the Rundbogenstil architectural style.
Poland, Wisconsin
Poland is an unincorporated community in the Town of Eaton, Brown County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located at the intersection of County Highway T and Wisconsin Highway 29, several miles east of Green Bay. It is located at latitude 44-26-37N and longitude 87-49-34W.

Poland was named for and by the many Polish immigrants who settled in the area during the 1870s.  In 1881, community members built SS. Cyril and Methodius Catholic Church in the heart of Poland.  The church was destroyed by fire in 1898, and a new church was constructed the following year.

Wisconsin Highway 29
State Trunk Highway 29 (often called Highway 29, STH-29 or WIS 29) is a state highway running east–west across central Wisconsin. It is a major east–west corridor connecting the Twin Cities and the Chippewa Valley with Wausau and Green Bay. A multi-year project to convert the corridor to a four-lane freeway or expressway from Elk Mound to Green Bay was completed in 2005.  The remainder of WIS 29 is two-lane surface road or an urban multi-lane road.