hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Simon Stephens
Simon Stephens (born 6 February 1971) is a British-Irish playwright, musician and Professor of Scriptwriting at Manchester Metropolitan University. Having taught on the Young Writers' Programme at the Royal Court Theatre for many years, he is now an Artistic Associate at the Lyric Hammersmith. He is the inaugural Associate Playwright of Steep Theatre Company, Chicago, where five of his plays, Harper Regan, Motortown, Wastwater, Birdland, and Light Falls had their U.S. premieres. His writing is widely performed throughout Europe and, along with Dennis Kelly and Martin Crimp, he is one of the most performed English-language writers in Germany.

Steep Theatre Company
Steep Theatre Company is a not-for-profit theatre company located in the Edgewater neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. Founded in 2000 by Peter Moore, Alex Gillmor, and Alex Gualino, Steep has become known as one of Chicago's iconic ensemble-based storefront theatres. Chicago is known for its brand of bold, collaborative, actor-driven theatre in intimate venues scattered throughout the city's many neighborhoods, and Steep is an embodiment of this theatrical movement. The ensemble has produced over 60 plays and cultivated a growing community of artists and audience members.  In 2019, through a gift from the Bayless Family Foundation, Steep announced it would become an Equity theater.
Eduardo R. Caianiello
Eduardo Renato Caianiello (June 25, 1921 – October 22, 1993) was an Italian physicist. He contributed to scientific research, especially in quantum theory and cybernetics. He was also a pioneer in the theory of neural networks. His Caianiello's equation formalized the theory of Hebbian learning.

Caianello founded and directed the Institute of Theoretical Physics of the University of Naples; the Laboratory of Cybernetics of the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche at Arco Felice (Naples), the Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of the University of Salerno, the International Institute for Senior Scientific Studies (IIASS) at Vietri sul Mare (Salerno) and the School of Specialization in Cyber and Physical Sciences.

The name of the Hafnian was coined by Caianiello "to mark the fruitful period of stay in Copenhagen (Hafnia in Latin)."

University of Salerno
The University of Salerno (Italian: Università degli Studi di Salerno) (in acronym UNISA) is a university located in Fisciano and in Baronissi, Italy. Its main campus is located in Fisciano while the Faculty of Medicine is located in Baronissi. It is organized in ten faculties.
History of Bahrain
Bahrain, an archipelago in the Persian Gulf, has been a pivotal center of trade, culture, and power for millennia, most notably as the heart of the ancient Dilmun civilization, a thriving hub of commerce and diplomacy in the Bronze Age. Its strategic location attracted a succession of influential powers, including the Persians, Sumerians, Assyrians, Babylonians, Portuguese, the Arabs, and the British, each leaving a distinct mark on its cultural and political landscape. In 1932, Bahrain became the first location in the Persian Gulf outside Iran to discover oil, ushering in a transformative era of economic growth and global significance.

Usfurids
The Usfurids (Arabic: آل عصفور, romanized: Al ʿUṣfūr) were an Arab dynasty that in 1253 gained control of Eastern Arabia, including the islands of Bahrain. They were a branch of Uqaylids who re-migrated to Arabia after the fall of their rule in Syria.
Plagiogyria
Plagiogyria is a genus of ferns, the only genus in family Plagiogyriaceae in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I). Alternatively, the family may be treated as the subfamily Plagiogyrioideae of a very broadly defined family Cyatheaceae, the placement used for the genus in Plants of the World Online as of November 2019.

Ferns of this genus present two kind of fronds, the fertile ones longer than the sterile. These ferns are found on forest soils in mountainous areas of tropical and subtropical regions. Most are native to Asia; one is found in the Americas.

Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group
The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (PPG) is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish on the classification of pteridophytes (lycophytes and ferns) that reflects knowledge about plant relationships discovered through phylogenetic studies. In 2016, the group published a classification for extant pteridophytes, termed "PPG I". The paper had 94 authors (26 principal and 68 additional).
The classification was presented as a consensus classification supported by the community of fern taxonomists. Alternative classifications of ferns exist and are preferred by some.
Cluster graph
In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, a cluster graph is a graph formed from the disjoint union of complete graphs.
Equivalently, a graph is a cluster graph if and only if it has no three-vertex induced path; for this reason, the cluster graphs are also called P3-free graphs. They are the complement graphs of the complete multipartite graphs and the 2-leaf powers. The cluster graphs are transitively closed, and every transitively closed undirected graph is a cluster graph.

The cluster graphs are the graphs for which adjacency is an equivalence relation, and their connected components are the equivalence classes for this relation.

Disjoint union of graphs
In graph theory, a branch of mathematics, the disjoint union of graphs is an operation that combines two or more graphs to form a larger graph.
It is analogous to the disjoint union of sets and is constructed by making the vertex set of the result be the disjoint union of the vertex sets of the given graphs and by making the edge set of the result be the disjoint union of the edge sets of the given graphs. Any disjoint union of two or more nonempty graphs is necessarily disconnected.
Salzwedel
Salzwedel (German pronunciation: [ˈzaltsveːdl̩] ⓘ, officially known as Hansestadt Salzwedel; Low German: Soltwedel) is a town in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany.  It is the capital of the district (Kreis) of Altmarkkreis Salzwedel, and has a population of approximately 21,500. Salzwedel is located on the German Timber-Frame Road.

Jenny von Westphalen
Johanna Bertha Julie Jenny Edle von Westphalen (German: [fɔn ˈvɛstˌfaːlən]; 12 February 1814 – 2 December 1881) was a German theatre critic and political activist. She married the philosopher and political economist Karl Marx in 1843.
Finchley Lido
Finchley Lido is a leisure complex at grid reference TQ266911, just east of the suburb of North Finchley in the London Borough of Barnet.

Currently there is a swimming pool and leisure centre, cinema, food restaurants, bowling facilities and large number of car parking spaces. Finchley Lido is extremely popular with the local population of Finchley at weekends, as it is one of the only cinema complexes in this area of North London.

North Finchley
North Finchley is a suburb of London in the London Borough of Barnet, situated seven miles (11 km) north-northwest of Charing Cross. North Finchley is centred on Tally Ho Corner, the junction of the roads to East Finchley, Church End, Friern Barnet and Whetstone.

North Finchley offers an array of amenities, including parks such as Victoria Park, providing residents and visitors alike with spaces for relaxation and recreation. Excellent transport links, including bus routes and nearby tube stations like Woodside Park and Finchley Central, facilitate easy travel to and from central London and surrounding areas.

Lodge Lane has a large car park, part of which is used as a Friday market.
Polydoro
Polydoro (Greek: Πολύδωρο, before 1929: Μάζι - Mazi) is a village in the municipal unit of Molossoi, Ioannina regional unit, Greece. It is situated on a hillside on the left bank of the river Tyria. It is 4 km southwest of Voutsaras, 4 km northwest of Granitsa and 25 km west of Ioannina. The village church is dedicated to the Dormition of the Virgin.

Tyria (river)
The Tyria (Greek: Τύρια) is a river in the western part of the Ioannina regional unit in Epirus, Greece. It is a left tributary of the Thyamis. The source of the river Tyria is near the village Platania, on the western slope of the Tomaros mountain. It flows into a generally northwestern direction. It flows into the Thyamis, near Vrosina.

The Tyria flows along the following villages, from source to mouth: Koumaria, Seniko, Chinka, Granitsa and Polydoro.
Sherrod Martin
Jerald Sherrod Martin (born October 12, 1984) is an American former professional football player who was a safety in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Troy Trojans and was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the second round of the 2009 NFL draft. Martin has also played for the Jacksonville Jaguars and Chicago Bears.

Troy Trojans football
The Troy Trojans football program represents Troy University at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) level, where it has competed since 2001. The football program joined the Sun Belt Conference in 2004. The current head football coach is Gerad Parker. Troy has won 23 conference championships, with eight in the Sun Belt Conference. The Trojans play home games at Veterans Memorial Stadium in Troy, Alabama.
Operation François
Operation François was an attempt made by the German Army's Abwehr to use the dissident Qashqai people in Iran to sabotage British and American supplies bound for the Soviet Union.

Operation François was led by Otto Skorzeny, who sent a handful of men from the 502nd SS Jäger Battalion to parachute into Iran during the summer of 1943, the first mission carried out by the unit. Skorzeny, who remained behind to train more recruits, characterized Operation François as "a failure" due mainly to inadequate reinforcements and supplies needed for the mission.

Michael Bar-Zohar, in his biography of Paul Ernst Fackenheim, states that during Fackenheim's captivity in Latrun, where the British also kept Nazi-sympathizer General Fazlollah Zahedi, he saw "six or seven SS prisoners who parachuted into southern Iran, loaded with explosives and gold, and tried to bribe the Qashqai into rebelling against the British ... once they ran out of gold, the Qashqai turned them to the British."

Otto Skorzeny
Otto Johann Anton Skorzeny (12 June 1908 – 5 July 1975) was an Austrian-born German SS-Standartenführer in the Waffen-SS during World War II. During the war, he was involved in a number of operations, including the removal from power of Hungarian Regent Miklós Horthy and the Gran Sasso raid that rescued Benito Mussolini from captivity. Skorzeny led Operation Greif in which German soldiers infiltrated Allied lines wearing their enemies' uniforms. As a result, he was charged in 1947 at the Dachau Military Tribunal with breaching the 1907 Hague Convention, but was acquitted.

Skorzeny escaped from an internment camp in 1948, hiding out on a Bavarian farm as well as in Salzburg and Paris before eventually settling in Spain. In 1953, he served as a military advisor to the Egyptian president Gamal Abdel Nasser. He was allegedly an advisor to Argentinian president Juan Perón. He died of lung cancer on 5 July 1975 in Madrid at the age of 67.
Palmer Mansion
The Palmer Mansion was a large private home constructed 1882–1885 at 1350 N. Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois.  Once the largest private residence in the city, it was located in the Near North Side neighborhood, facing Lake Michigan. It was designed by architects Henry Ives Cobb and Charles Sumner Frost of the firm Cobb and Frost and built for Bertha and Potter Palmer, a local businessman responsible for much of the development of State Street. The construction of the mansion established the "Gold Coast" neighborhood, still one of the most affluent neighborhoods in Chicago.  The home was demolished in 1950.

Potter Palmer
Potter Palmer (May 20, 1826 – May 4, 1902) was an American businessman who was responsible for much of the development of State Street in Chicago. Born in Albany County, New York, he was the fourth son of Benjamin and Rebecca (Potter) Palmer.
Pavel Vítek
Pavel Vítek (born 30 September 1962) is a Czech singer and actor.

He performed in the musicals Les Misérables (as Marius), Miss Saigon (as John), Grease (as Teen Angel), and in the play Romeo and Juliet (as Mercutio).

He is also a pop star in the Czech Republic with eight albums, five top ten hits, and two number one hits.

Vitek is the first celebrity in the Czech Republic to publicly disclose his homosexuality to a newspaper (October, 2000). In July 2006, he married his long-time boyfriend Janis Sidovský in a Civil Partnership ceremony in Karlštejn Castle near Prague.

Janis Sidovský
Janis Sidovský (born 21 January 1968 in Pardubice) is a Czech producer, manager and publicity supervisor. He has been awarded 3 Platinum records, his theatre production "Night on Karlštejn" was nominated on the Czech Theatre Award Thalie (2017).
Queanbeyan West
Queanbeyan West is a suburb of Queanbeyan, New South Wales, Australia. Queanbeyan West is located west of the central business district (CBD) and also borders the Australian Capital Territory, it is located south of Crestwood and Canberra Avenue and west of Tharwa Road. At the 2021 census, it had a population of 3,146.

Queanbeyan
Queanbeyan (/ˈkwiːnbiən/ KWEEN-bee-ən) is a city in south-eastern New South Wales, Australia, located adjacent to the Australian Capital Territory in the Southern Tablelands region. Located on the Queanbeyan River, the city is the council seat of the Queanbeyan-Palerang Regional Council. At the 2021 census, the Queanbeyan part of the Canberra–Queanbeyan built-up area had a population of 37,511.

Queanbeyan's economy is based on light construction, manufacturing, service, retail and agriculture. Canberra, Australia's capital, is located 15 kilometres (9 miles) to the west, and Queanbeyan is a commuter town. The word Queanbeyan is the anglicised form of Quinbean or *Kuwinbiyan, a Ngarigo word meaning "clear waters".
Maurice Couyba
Charles Maurice Couyba (1 January 1866 – 18 November 1931) was a French professor and politician. He was a deputy from 1897 to 1907, then a senator from 1907 to 1920. 
He was Minister of Commerce and Industry from 1911 to 1912, and was briefly Minister of Labor and Social Welfare in 1914.
Under the pseudonym of Maurice Boukay he was also a poet and songwriter.

Minister of Labour, Employment and Economic Inclusion (France)
The Minister of Labour, Employment and Economic Inclusion (Ministre du Travail, de l'Emploi et de l'Insertion), commonly just referred to as Minister of Labour, is a cabinet member in the Government of France. The minister is responsible for employment, labour legislation as well as the integration of foreigners.

Following Sébastien Lecornu's second appointment as Prime Minister, the minister is Jean-Pierre Farandou.
Moskovskaya (Saint Petersburg Metro)
Moskovskaya (Russian: Моско́вская) is a station on the Moskovsko–Petrogradskaya Line of the Saint Petersburg Metro. Although it was opened on December 25, 1969, it is equipped with the so-called platform screen doors. Moskovskaya metro-station is one of the first stations in the world with such a system of doors.

From Moskovskaya metro-station there is a direct connection to the Terminal One of Pulkovo Airport by shuttles buses No.39, 39E and K39.

Platform screen doors
Platform screen doors (PSDs), also known as platform edge doors (PEDs), are used at some train, rapid transit and people mover stations to separate the platform from train tracks, as well as on some bus rapid transit, tram and light rail systems. Primarily used for passenger safety, they are a relatively new addition to many metro systems around the world, some having been retrofitted to established systems. They are widely used in newer Asian and European metro systems, and Latin American bus rapid transit systems.
Civil Bend, Missouri
Civil Bend is an extinct hamlet in western Daviess County, in the U.S. state of Missouri.

The community was located on Missouri Route DD just west of I-35. Pattonsburg is approximately four miles to the north-northwest.

Daviess County, Missouri
Daviess County is a county located in the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 8,430. Its county seat is Gallatin. The county was organized December 29, 1836, from Ray County and named for Major Joseph Hamilton Daveiss, a soldier from Kentucky who was killed in 1811 at the Battle of Tippecanoe.

The county includes the town of Jamesport, which has the largest Amish community in Missouri.
Mobile personnel shield
A mobile personnel shield is a type of bulletproof shield equipped with wheels. Such devices were employed experimentally during the trench warfare of World War I.

The immobility of the trench warfare characterizing the First World War led to a need for a device that would protect soldiers from enemy fire and could help them move on the extremely irregular terrain of battlefields. The French colonel Jean Baptiste Eugène Estienne considered armed cross-country vehicles such as the future tank as early as August 1914, but also imagined mobile personnel shield to assist individual soldiers.

Apart from a few exceptional cases, these mobile personnel shields proved too cumbersome and heavy for the strength of an individual under fire, and would only work on short distances and on favourable ground.

Jean Baptiste Eugène Estienne
Jean Baptiste Eugène Estienne (7 November 1860 in Condé-en-Barrois, Meuse – 2 April 1936 in Paris) was a general of artillery and a specialist in military engineering, one of the founders of modern French artillery and French military aviation, and the creator of the French tank arm. He is considered by many in France to be the Père des Chars (Father of the Tank).
Welcome to Japan, Ms. Elf!
Welcome to Japan, Ms. Elf! (Japanese: 日本へようこそエルフさん。, Hepburn: Nihon e Yōkoso Erufu-san) is a Japanese light novel series written by Makishima Suzuki and illustrated by Yappen. It began serialization online in 2017 on the user-generated novel publishing website Shōsetsuka ni Narō. It was acquired by Hobby Japan, who published the first light novel volume in August 2018 under their HJ Novels imprint. Eleven volumes have been released as of January 2025. A manga adaptation with art by Shimo Aono has been serialized online via Hobby Japan's Comic Fire website since December 2018. Both the light novel and manga have been licensed in North America by J-Novel Club. An anime television series adaptation produced by Zero-G aired from January to March 2025.

Rico Sasaki
Rico Sasaki (佐々木 李子, Sasaki Riko; born November 10, 1997) is a Japanese actress and singer who is affiliated with Honeycomb Entertainment. Her entertainment career began in 2008 when she was selected to play Annie in a musical production of Annie in 2008. She started a music career in 2014 under the stage name Rico, before reverting to using her real name in 2016. That same year, she started a voice acting career. As a voice actress, she is known for her roles as Poporon in Dropkick on My Devil!, Daia in Kiratto Pri Chan, and Ayako Yamada in Kageki Shojo!!, while her music has been featured in anime series such as Danchi Tomoo, Duel Masters, and Bofuri.  She is the vocalist and lead guitarist for the band Ave Mujica of the BanG Dream! multimedia franchise, which includes portraying the character Uika Misumi/Doloris.
Krosino, Świdwin County
Krosino [krɔˈɕinɔ] (German: Grössin) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Świdwin, within Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north of Świdwin and 90 km (56 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

The village has a population of 508.

During World War II, the German administration operated a forced labour subcamp of the Stalag II-D prisoner-of-war camp in the village.

Gmina Świdwin
Gmina Świdwin is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Świdwin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Świdwin, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 247.34 square kilometres (95.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,202.
The Far Country (album)
The Far Country is the sixth album by the American singer-songwriter Andrew Peterson, released in 2005. The title is from a quote by Meister Eckhart, a 16th-century German spiritual teacher that says, "God is at home. We are in the far country."

Andrew Peterson (musician)
Andrew Peterson (born June 4, 1974) is an American Christian musician and author, who plays folk rock, roots rock, and country gospel music.

Peterson is a founding member of the Square Peg Alliance, a group of Christian songwriters. He has toured with Caedmon's Call, Fernando Ortega, Michael Card, Sara Groves, Bebo Norman, Nichole Nordeman, Jill Phillips, Andy Gullahorn, Ben Shive, Eric Peters, and other members of the Square Peg Alliance.

Peterson is the author of The Wingfeather Saga series of children and young adult fantasy novels. The four-part series is currently being adapted into an animated TV show, for which he serves as an executive producer and provides the voice of Oskar N. Reteep and other characters.
Inga Kvalbukt
Inga Kvalbukt (born 19 May 1949 in Alstahaug Municipality) is a Norwegian politician for the Centre Party.

She was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Nordland in 1993, but was not re-elected in 1997. She had previously served in the position of deputy representative during the terms 1985–1989, 1989–1993 and 1997–2001. From 1999 to 2000, however, she met as a regular representative meanwhile Odd Roger Enoksen was appointed to the first cabinet Bondevik.

Kvalbukt was a member of the municipal council of Hemnes Municipality from 1979 to 1991.

Nordland (Storting constituency)
Nordland (Lule Sami: Nordlánnda; Southern Sami: Nordlaante; Northern Sami: Nordlánda) is one of the 19 multi-member constituencies of the Storting, the national legislature of Norway. The constituency was established in 1921 following the introduction of proportional representation for elections to the Storting. It is conterminous with the county of Nordland. The constituency currently elects eight of the 169 members of the Storting using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2025 parliamentary election it had 181,846 registered electors.
Death of Vahe Avetyan
Vahe Avetyan (Armenian: Վահե Ավետյան, August 2, 1979 – June 29, 2012) was an Armenian doctor, medical serviceman major of the Armed Forces of Armenia, who died on June 29, 2012, in coma, from brain injury. His death received much publicity and media attention in the Armenian society. Avetyan went into coma after being beaten in the "Harsnakar" restaurant, which belongs to a member of Armenian parliament, at that time, Ruben Hayrapetyan.

Avetyan graduated from the Yerevan State Medical University, he was an otolaryngologist since 2004. He served at the central military hospital of the Ministry of Defence.

Ruben Hayrapetyan
Ruben Rafiki Hayrapetyan (Armenian: Ռուբեն Ռաֆիկի Հայրապետյան, born 9 March 1963 in Yerevan, Armenia), also known by his nickname Nemets Rubo (Rubo The German), is an Armenian football official, a former member of the Armenian Parliament and a businessman.

Between 2002-2018, Hayrapetyan was the president of the Football Federation of Armenia (FFA). He was elected to the Armenian Parliament twice, in 2003 and 2007.  On 3 July 2012 he was forced to step down  from Parliament, after the controversial death of an army doctor at a restaurant owned by him.

In 2014, Hayrapetyan started investing in different business projects. Since 2007, he has been a member of the Republican Party of Armenia (RPA). He holds a degree in economics from the Armenian State University of Economics.