hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aptullah Kuran
Aptullah Kuran (4 December 1927 – 1 April 2002) was a Turkish historian of architecture and professor of Ottoman architecture, as well as the founding president of Boğaziçi University. After graduation from Robert College, he received his bachelor's and master's degrees in architecture at Yale University and his doctoral degree in history of art at Ankara University. In 1957, he joined the Faculty of Architecture at the Middle East Technical University as a faculty member. Between 1962 and 1968, he served as the dean of the METU Faculty of Architecture. He returned to Robert College in 1968, and became the first president of Boğaziçi University when Robert Yüksek was converted into a public university by Turkish authorities in 1971.

Aptullah Kuran is also the father of Duke University professor Timur Kuran, Suzan Kuran, and Melisa Kuran Fowler.

Middle East Technical University
Middle East Technical University (commonly referred to as METU; in Turkish, Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, ODTÜ) is a public research university located in Ankara, Turkey.

The university offers 41 undergraduate programs across five faculties and 105 master's and 70 doctoral programs through five graduate schools. The main campus of METU spans an area of 11,100 acres (4,500 ha), comprising, in addition to academic and auxiliary facilities, a forest area of 7,500 acres (3,000 ha), and the natural Lake Eymir. METU has more than 120,000 alumni worldwide. The official language of instruction at METU is English.

METU had the greatest share in national research funding by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK) in the last five years. Over 40% of METU's undergraduate alumni choose to pursue graduate studies.
Varian Data Machines
Varian Data Machines was a division of Varian Associates which sold minicomputers. It entered the market in 1967 through acquisition of Decision Control Inc. (DCI) in Newport Beach, California. It met stiff competition and was bought by Sperry Corporation in June 1977 who merged it into their Sperry UNIVAC division as the Sperry UNIVAC Minicomputer Operation.

Varian Associates
Varian Associates was one of the first high-tech companies in Silicon Valley. It was founded in 1948 by Russell H. and Sigurd F. Varian, William Webster Hansen, and Edward Ginzton to sell the klystron, the first vacuum tube which could amplify electromagnetic waves at microwave frequencies, and other electromagnetic equipment. Varian Associates split into three companies in 1999: Varian Medical Systems, Varian, Inc. and Varian Semiconductor.
England women's national squash team
The England women's national squash team represents England in international squash team competitions, and is governed by England Squash.

Since 1979, England has won eight World Squash Team Open titles, although the 1979 team which consisted entirely of English players competed as Great Britain. Their most recent title came in 2014. Additionally, the team has won the European Squash Team Championships on 43 occasions.

Stuart Crawford took over as coach from David Campion in 2024.

2014 Women's World Team Squash Championships
The 2014 Women's World Team Squash Championships was the women's edition of the 2014 World Team Squash Championships, which is the world team championship for squash players. The event was held in Niagara-on-the-Lake, Canada, from December 1 to 6, 2014. The tournament was organized by the World Squash Federation and Squash Canada. The England team won its seventh World Team Championships, beating the Malaysian team in the final.
Paradise Ice Caves
The Paradise Ice Caves (also known as the Paradise Glacier Caves) were a system of interconnected glacier caves located within Mount Rainier's Paradise Glacier in the United States.  These glacier caves were visited and documented at least as early as 1908.  They have a varied natural history, as their size and even existence has changed over time, from a maximum surveyed length of 13.25 kilometers in 1978, to not existing at all during both the 1940s and 1990s due to glacial recession.  In 1978 they were the longest mapped system of glacier caves in the world.

Paradise Glacier
Paradise Glacier is a glacier on the southeast flank of Mount Rainier in Washington. It covers 0.4 square miles (1.0 km2) and contains 0.8 billion ft3 (23 million m3) with Stevens Glacier included. The glacier is bounded to the west by the Muir Snowfield, Anvil Rock and McClure Rock.

There is a single extant main lobe of the glacier, ranging from 9,000 feet (2,700 m) to 7,200 feet (2,200 m), that is connected to the larger Cowlitz Glacier. To the south, there was a smaller portion which was near the Cowlitz Rocks and the tiny Williwakas Glacier, ranging from 6,900 feet (2,100 m) to 6,400 ft (2,000 m) in elevation and containing the Paradise Ice Caves until the 1990s. This smaller lobe melted between 2004 and 2006. Meltwater from the glacier drains into the Cowlitz River.
The Family Roe: An American Story
The Family Roe: An American Story is a 2021 book written by Joshua Prager.  The book is a biographical account of Norma McCorvey, known as "Jane Roe" in the 1973 landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision Roe v. Wade.  The Roe case, which established a woman's constitutional right to an abortion, is one of the most controversial opinions in American jurisprudence. The Family Roe was a finalist for the 2022 Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction.

Norma McCorvey
Norma Leah Nelson McCorvey (née Nelson; September 22, 1947 – February 18, 2017), also known by the pseudonym Jane Roe, was the plaintiff in the landmark 1973 American legal case Roe v. Wade in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that individual state laws banning abortion were unconstitutional.

Later in her life, McCorvey became an Evangelical Protestant and in her remaining years, a Catholic, and took part in the anti-abortion movement. McCorvey stated then that her involvement in Roe was "the biggest mistake of [her] life". However, in the Nick Sweeney documentary AKA Jane Roe, McCorvey said, in what she called her "deathbed confession", that "she never really supported the anti-abortion movement" and that she had been paid for her professed anti-abortion sentiments.
Binjai
Binjai (English: /biːnˌdʒaɪ/ or BEEN-jayh, Jawi: بينجاي‎), formally Kota Binjai (Binjai City), is an independent city in the North Sumatra province of Indonesia, bordered by Deli Serdang Regency to the east and Langkat Regency to the west. Binjai is connected to Medan (the provincial capital), about 22 km to the east, by the Sumatra highway that goes to Banda Aceh, and effectively forms a part of Greater Medan. The city's population was 181,904 in the 1990 Census, 224,516 in the 2000 Census, 246,154 in the 2010 Census, and 291,842 in the 2020 Census; the official estimate as of mid-2024 was 307,170 - comprising 153,581 males and 153,589 females. In mid-2024, 49,949 inhabitants lived in the Binjai District of Langkat Regency, outside the city limits but immediately north of the city.

Medan metropolitan area
The Greater Medan metropolitan area, known locally as Mebidangro (an acronym of Medan–Binjai–Deli Serdang–Karo) is a metropolitan area in North Sumatra, Indonesia, which consists of Medan City, Binjai City, Deli Serdang Regency and part (4 districts) of Karo Regency. The metropolitan area was established by a presidential decree in 2011. It is a leading economic centre in western Indonesia, especially for provinces of Aceh, North Sumatra, West Sumatra and Riau. The metropolitan area also serves as a hub for western Indonesia.
Island of Mozambique
The Island of Mozambique (Portuguese: Ilha de Moçambique) lies off northern Mozambique, between the Mozambique Channel and Mossuril Bay, and is part of Nampula Province. Prior to 1898, it was the capital of colonial Portuguese East Africa.

With its rich history and sandy beaches, the Island of Mozambique is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of Mozambique's fastest-growing tourist destinations. It has a permanent population of approximately 14,000 people and is served by nearby Lumbo Airport on the Nampula mainland. The name of the country, Mozambique, is derived from the name of this island.

Nampula Province
Nampula [nɐ̃ˈpulɐ] is a province of northern Mozambique. It has an area of 79,010 km2 (30,510 sq mi) and a population of 5,758,920, making it the most populous province in Mozambique (2017 census). Nampula is the capital of the province.
Muktagacha Upazila
Muktagacha (Bengali: মুক্তাগাছা) is an Upazila of Mymensingh District. in the Division of Mymensingh, Bangladesh. It is known for sweets which are made here, called "Monda". It is also known for the Rajbari of Brahmin family (a Zamindar's residence) which is currently used as an educational institute, Shahid Shrity College.

Muktagacha Zamindar Bari
Muktagacha Zamindar Bari (Bengali: মুক্তাগাছার জমিদার বাড়ি) or Aat Ani Zamindar Bari  is an ancient zamindar palace located in Muktagacha Upazila of Mymensingh District, Bangladesh. The zamindar of Muktagacha was given the title of first Raja and then Maharaja by the British Raj, so the zamindar's residence was called Rajbari.
Brush Traction
52°46′55″N 1°11′50″W﻿ / ﻿52.78194°N 1.19722°W﻿ / 52.78194; -1.19722

Brush Traction was a manufacturer and maintainer of railway locomotives in Loughborough, England whose operations have now been merged into the Wabtec company's Doncaster UK operations.

Hythe Pier, Railway and Ferry
Hythe Pier, the Hythe Pier Railway and the Hythe Ferry provide a link between the port of Southampton and Hythe on the other side of Southampton Water. It is used both by commuters and tourists, and forms an important link in the Solent Way, England Coast Path and E9 European coastal paths. The railway is the oldest continuously-operating public pier train in the world. The ferry is now operated by Red Funnel, while the pier and tracks are owned by Hythe Pier Company. Hythe Pier Heritage Association have taken ownership of the tractors and carriages upon restoration of each unit.
Canton of Luxembourg
Luxembourg (Luxembourgish: Lëtzebuerg) is a canton in the south of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Its name, like the name of the Grand Duchy itself, derives from the name of its principal city, Luxembourg (more commonly known as Luxembourg City). It is not to be confused with the former district of Luxembourg, one of three administrative units in Luxembourg abolished in October 2015.

It is the only canton, other than Mersch, that is entirely surrounded by other cantons and, therefore, has no international boundary.

Luxembourg District
The District of Luxembourg was one of three districts of the Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg. It contained four cantons divided into 44 communes. The district was the second largest in Luxembourg and had the most people living in it.
UAB Blazers football
The UAB Blazers football team represents the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) in the sport of American football. The Blazers compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and American Athletic Conference (The American). The team is led by interim head coach Alex Mortensen, after previous head coach Trent Dilfer’s firing on 12 October 2025. Home games were previously held at Legion Field in Birmingham from the 1991 season to the 2020 season.  A new stadium, Protective Stadium, has been the home of the Blazers starting from the 2021 season.  The new stadium's capacity is over 47,000.

The UAB football program was terminated after the 2014 season but was reinstated shortly thereafter. The team went on hiatus for two seasons before returning in 2017. UAB won both its first conference championship and bowl game in program history in 2018.

Watson Brown (American football)
Lester Watson Brown (born April 19, 1950) is an American retired college football coach and former player. He was most recently the head football coach at Tennessee Technological University, a position he held from 2007 to 2015. Previously, Brown served as the head coach at Austin Peay State University (1979–1980), the University of Cincinnati (1983), Rice University (1984–1985), Vanderbilt University (1986–1990), and the University of Alabama at Birmingham (1995–2006). He was also the athletic director at Rice from 1984 to 1985 and at UAB from 2002 to 2005. Brown played college football as a quarterback at Vanderbilt. He is the older brother of Mack Brown, the former head football coach at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
Richard Baxter
Richard Baxter (12 November 1615 – 8 December 1691) was an English Nonconformist church leader and theologian from Rowton, Shropshire, who has been described as "the chief of English Protestant Schoolmen". He made his reputation in the late 1630s by his ministry at Kidderminster in Worcestershire, when he also began a long and prolific career as a theological writer.

Following the Act of Uniformity 1662, Baxter refused an appointment as Bishop of Hereford and was expelled from the Church of England. He became one of the most influential leaders of the Nonconformist movement, spending time in prison. His views remain controversial within the Calvinist tradition of Predestination because he taught that Christians are placed under a type of faith-law.

Bridgnorth
Bridgnorth is a market town and civil parish in Shropshire, England,  named after a bridge over the River Severn. The river divides the town into High Town and Low Town, the upper town on its right bank and the lower on its left bank. The population at the 2011 Census was 12,079.
Michelle Rzepka
Michelle "Mickie" Rzepka (born August 4, 1983) is an American bobsledder who has competed since 2007. Her best event finish in the Bobsleigh World Cup is third at Whistler, Canada on February 6, 2009, where she set the start record with teammate Erin Pac.

Rzepka was born in Novi, Michigan and graduated from Novi High School in 2001. She graduated from Michigan State University in 2005 with a degree in kinesiology; she later earned a master's degree in exercise physiology from McNeese State University.

It was announced on January 16, 2010, that she made the US team for the 2010 Winter Olympics, where she finished sixth in the two-woman event.

In 2010, her family competed on Family Feud against the Crisona family during Steve Harvey's first season, but was defeated. The episode aired as the 2nd one on October 26, 2010.

Novi High School
Novi High School (commonly Novi or NHS) is a public high school in Novi (in Greater Detroit), Michigan, United States, serving students in grades 9–12. It is operated by Novi Community School District and was awarded Blue Ribbon School status in 1986–87 and 1999–00. Novi High School currently enrolls 2,020 students and has a 200-member faculty.

In addition to its primary purpose, Novi High School also houses adult education and various community recreational events, such as open swim in the swimming pool and basketball games in the gym and fieldhouse.
Sarraounia (film)
Sarraounia is a 1986 historical drama film written and directed by Med Hondo. It is based on a novel of the same name by Nigerien author Abdoulaye Mamani, who co-wrote the screenplay. The novel and film concern the real-life Battle of Lougou between Azna (remnant animist-Hausa people) queen Sarraounia and the advancing French Colonial Forces of the Voulet-Chanoine Mission in 1899. Sarraounia was one of the few African tribal leaders that resisted the advances of French expansionists Paul Voulet and Julien Chanoine. The film won the first prize at the Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou (FESPACO) and was critically well received.

Sarraounia
Sarraounia Mangou was a chief/priestess of the animist Azna subgroup of the  Hausa, who fought French colonial troops of the Voulet–Chanoine Mission at the Battle of Lougou (in present-day Niger) in 1899.
Sutton-under-Whitestonecliffe
Sutton-under-Whitestonecliffe is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. Historically part of the North Riding of Yorkshire, it is situated on the A170 at the foot of Sutton Bank, about three miles east of Thirsk.

A170 road
The A170 is an A road in North Yorkshire, England that links Thirsk with Scarborough via Sutton Bank and through Helmsley, Kirkbymoorside, and Pickering. The road is 47 miles (76 km), and a single carriageway for almost its totality.

The route has been in existence since prehistoric times and there are folk-tales about famous people from history using it. When turnpikes were installed between York and Coxwold and Ampleforth, drovers would take their cattle this way because it was wide enough and meant they avoided paying the tolls.
Grace, Mississippi
Grace is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Issaquena County, Mississippi, United States. It is located several miles northeast of Mayersville.

Grace has a post office with the ZIP code 38745.

It was first named as a CDP in the 2020 Census which listed a population of 77.

Issaquena County, Mississippi
Issaquena County (/ˌɪsəˈkwiːnə/, ISS-ə-KWEEN-ə) is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 Census, its population was 1,338, making it the least populous county in the United States east of the Mississippi River. Its county seat is Mayersville. With a per-capita income of $24,489, Issaquena County is, by that measure, the third-poorest county in the United States.

Issaquena County is located in the Mississippi Delta region. The Mississippi River flows along the entire western boundary of the county, and many of the earliest communities were river ports.

The county's economy is chiefly based on agriculture and a prison, the Issaquena County Correctional Facility. Hunting also contributes to the economy; Mississippi's two most recent records for the heaviest alligator taken by a hunter have both been in Issaquena County, the latest in 2012 when a 697.5 lb (316.4 kg) alligator was killed at a camp near Fitler.
Paul Frère
Paul Frère (French pronunciation: [pɔl fʁɛʁ]; 30 January 1917 – 23 February 2008) was a racing driver and journalist from Belgium. He participated in eleven World Championship Formula One Grands Prix debuting on 22 June 1952 and achieving one podium finish with a total of eleven championship points. He drove in several non-Championship Formula One races, winning the 1952 Grand Prix des Frontières and 1960 VI South African Grand Prix.

Frère also won the 1960 24 Hours of Le Mans, driving for Ferrari with fellow Belgian teammate Olivier Gendebien.

1960 VI South African Grand Prix
The 6th South African Grand Prix was a motor race, run to Formula Libre rules, held on 1 January 1960 in East London. The race was run over 60 laps of the circuit, and was won by Belgian driver Paul Frère, his second Grand Prix victory following the 1952 Grand Prix des Frontières. Stirling Moss finished second and also set the fastest lap of the race. Local driver Syd van der Vyver finished in third place.

The race was the first of two South African Grands Prix in 1960, with the 7th South African Grand Prix to be held on 27 December 1960.
Young baronets of Bailieborough Castle (1821)
The Young baronetcy, of Bailieborough Castle in the County of Cavan, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 28 August 1821 for Lieutenant-Colonel William Young. From Loughgall in the north of County Armagh, he was a Director of the East India Company. The 2nd Baronet served as Governor General of Canada from 1869 to 1872 and was raised to the peerage as Baron Lisgar, of Lisgar and Bailieborough in the County of Cavan, in 1870. The peerage became extinct on Lord Lisgar's death in 1876; while he was succeeded in the baronetcy by his nephew, the 3rd Baronet.

Bailieborough Castle
Bailieborough Castle was located in Bailieborough, County Cavan, Ireland. It was built in an enclosed demesne by 1629. Also known as Castle House, Lisgar House, or simply 'The Castle', the country house was located just to the south-west of Castle Lough in what is now known as Bailieborough Demesne, on the north-western edge of the town. It was largely destroyed by fire in the early 20th century and is now totally demolished.

There is a 3-kilometre (1.9 mi) walking trail around part of the former castle's property.
CP/M-86
CP/M-86 is a discontinued version of the CP/M operating system that Digital Research (DR) made for the Intel 8086 and Intel 8088. The system commands are the same as in CP/M-80. Executable files used the relocatable .CMD file format. Digital Research also produced a multi-user multitasking operating system compatible with CP/M-86, MP/M-86, which later evolved into Concurrent CP/M-86. When an emulator was added to provide PC DOS compatibility, the system was renamed Concurrent DOS, which later became Multiuser DOS, of which REAL/32 is the latest incarnation. The FlexOS, DOS Plus, and DR DOS families of operating systems started as derivations of Concurrent DOS as well.

Digital Research
Digital Research, Inc. (DR or DRI) was a privately held American software company created by Gary Kildall to market and develop his CP/M operating system and related 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit systems like MP/M, Concurrent DOS, FlexOS, Multiuser DOS, DOS Plus, DR DOS and GEM. It was the first large software company in the microcomputer world. Digital Research was originally based in Pacific Grove, California, later in Monterey, California.
The Modern Art of Setting Ablaze
The Modern Art of Setting Ablaze is the third studio album by German sludge metal band Mantar, which was released by Nuclear Blast on 24 August 2018. The album also was released in Russia, Japan and South Africa.

Mantar (band)
Mantar (Turkish for "mushroom") is a German sludge metal duo. It was formed in 2012 by drummer Erinç Sakarya and guitarist Hanno Klänhardt. The two are originally from Bremen but later moved to Hamburg. Hanno Klänhardt lives in Gainesville, Florida since 2015. The band plays entirely without a bassist.
Shantou Cultural Revolution Museum
The Shantou Cultural Revolution Museum was the only memorial museum dedicated to the Cultural Revolution in Mainland China, located in the Tashan Scenic Area, Chenghai District, Shantou City. It was established by Peng Qi'an, the former vice mayor of Shantou, and opened in January 2005. It was dissolved in April 2016.

Chenghai, Shantou
Chenghai (Chinese: 澄海; pinyin: Chénghǎi; postal: Tenghai; Pe̍h-ūe-jī: Thêng Hái; Peng'im: Têng Hai) is a district of the city of Shantou, Guangdong Province, China.

Located at the Han River Delta in the southeast part of Guangdong Province, Chenghai spans from 116°41' to 116°54' E longitude and 23°23' to 23°38' N latitude. Chenghai is an important transportation hub of the area around east Guangdong, the southeast part of Fujian and south Jiangxi Province, which is known as the "Gateway of East Guangdong". The total area of this district is 345.23 square kilometres.
Parchocin
Parchocin [parˈxɔt͡ɕin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Nowy Korczyn, within Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) east of Nowy Korczyn, 26 km (16 mi) south-east of Busko-Zdrój, and 68 km (42 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

Gmina Nowy Korczyn
Gmina Nowy Korczyn is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Busko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Nowy Korczyn, which lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Busko-Zdrój and 67 km (42 mi) south of the regional capital Kielce.

The gmina covers an area of 117.31 square kilometres (45.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,381.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Nida Landscape Park.