hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charlebois v Saint John (City of)
Charlebois v Saint John (City of) [2005] 3 S.C.R. 563 was a decision by the Supreme Court of Canada on minority language rights in New Brunswick.  The Court found no statutory obligation on municipalities for bilingualism in court proceedings.

Minority language
A minority language is a language spoken by a minority of the population of a territory. Such people are termed linguistic minorities or language minorities. With a total number of 196 sovereign states recognized internationally (as of 2019) and an estimated number of roughly 5,000 to 7,000 languages spoken worldwide, the vast majority of languages are minority languages in every country in which they are spoken. Some minority languages are simultaneously also official languages, such as Irish in Ireland or the numerous indigenous languages of Bolivia. Likewise, some national languages are often considered minority languages, insofar as they are the national language of a stateless nation.
BS 8414
BS 8414 is a 2002 British Standard describing test methods to assess fire safety of cladding applied to the external face of a building. The latest version was issued in 2020.

The two-part standard describes methods for testing the cladding in two different setups, and has been ported to standards in countries such as Australia, Malaysia and the UAE.

Cladding (construction)
Cladding is the application of one material over another to provide a skin or layer. In construction, cladding is used to provide a degree of thermal insulation and weather resistance, and to improve the appearance of buildings. Cladding can be made of any of a wide range of materials including wood, metal, brick, vinyl, and composite materials that can include aluminium, wood, blends of cement and recycled polystyrene, wheat/rice straw fibres. Rainscreen cladding is a form of weather cladding designed to protect against the elements, but also offers thermal insulation. The cladding does not itself need to be waterproof, merely a control element: it may serve only to direct water or wind safely away in order to control run-off and prevent its infiltration into the building structure. Cladding may also be a control element for noise, either entering or escaping. Cladding can become a fire risk by design or material.
No More Lies (Michel'le song)
"No More Lies" is the debut single by American R&B artist Michel'le. It was released in 1989 as the lead single from her self-titled debut album, and became a top 10 hit in the US. The song includes guest vocals performed by Dr. Dre. In a list of the 40 greatest songs produced by Dr. Dre, Rolling Stone ranked “No More Lies” at number 39, writing: “Dre’s bass-y, synthesized funk serves as a platform for Michel’le’s distinctively high-powered yet swinging voice.”

Michel'le (album)
Michel'le is the debut studio album by American singer Michel'le. It was released on October 23, 1989, on Ruthless Records, Atco Records and Atlantic Records. The album was co produced by Dr. Dre of N.W.A and André “LA Dre” Bolton. The album was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America five weeks after its release.
Yuppies 2
Yuppies 2 is a 1986 Italian comedy film directed by Enrico Oldoini.

The film is a sequel to Carlo Vanzina's comedy Yuppies, released earlier in the same year. It was the second most popular Italian film in Italy during 1987, behind The Name of the Rose with 2.8 million admissions.

Enrico Oldoini
Enrico Oldoini (4 May 1946 – 10 May 2023) was an Italian director and screenwriter.

Born in La Spezia, in 1966 Enrico Oldoini started attending the Silvio D'Amico National Academy of Dramatic Art in Rome, without graduating. From 1972, he then worked as an assistant director and occasional actor; two years later he debuted as a screenwriter working for the TV series Vivere insieme. A  specialized screenwriter of comedy films, in 1984 he debuted as film director, and most of his films were box office successes in Italy;  in the 1990s he focused his activities on television.

Oldoini died on 10 May 2023, at the age of 77.
Beaver County, Oklahoma
Beaver County is a county located in the U.S. state of Oklahoma. As of the 2020 census, the population was 5,049. The county seat is Beaver. The name was given because of the presence of many beaver dams on the Beaver River, which runs through the area. It is located in the Oklahoma Panhandle.

Beaver River (Oklahoma)
The Beaver River is an intermittent river, 280 miles (450 km) long, in western Oklahoma and northern Texas in the United States. It is a tributary of the North Canadian River, draining an area of 11,690 square miles (30,300 km2) in a watershed that extends to northeastern New Mexico and includes most of the Oklahoma Panhandle.
Hugh Chatham Memorial Hospital (historic building)
Hugh Chatham Memorial Hospital is a historic hospital building located near Elkin, North Carolina. The original rectangular section was built in 1930–1931, with additions made in 1937, 1947, and 1952.  The original brick section is two stories over a partially above-ground basement in the Colonial Revival style/  It is eleven bays long and two rooms deep, with a slate-covered hipped roof with a central cupola and two rear dormers. The associated Nurses' Home was built in 1932, and is a two-story-with-basement rectangular brick building in the Colonial Revival style.  Frame side wings were added to Nurses' Home in 1937.  The hospital was converted to a nursing home and interior remodeled in 1973.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Elkin, North Carolina
Elkin is a town in Surry and Wilkes counties in the U.S. state of North Carolina, along the Yadkin River. Elkin shares its name with the surrounding township of Elkin Township. The population was 4,122 at the time of the 2020 census.
Dream Girl (1977 film)
Dream Girl is a 1977 Hindi film, directed by Pramod Chakravorty. The movie stars Hema Malini, Ashok Kumar, Dharmendra and Prem Chopra. According to film expert Rajesh Subramanian  Hema Malini was promoted as the Dream Girl by producer B Ananthaswamy from her first film and that eventually led her to star in this film.

Ashok Kumar
Ashok Kumar (born Kumudlal Ganguly; 13 October 1911 – 10 December 2001) was an Indian actor who worked in Hindi cinema. He is regarded as one of the greatest actors of Indian cinema. He is considered to be the first superstar of Indian cinema as well as the first lead actor to play an anti-hero. He also became the first star to reinvent himself, enjoying a long and hugely successful career as a character actor. He was a member of the cinematic Ganguly family. He was honoured in 1988 with the Dadasaheb Phalke Award, the highest national award for cinema artists, by the Government of India. He received the Padma Shri in 1962 and Padma Bhushan in 1999 for his contributions to Indian cinema.
Convoys SG-6/LN-6
Convoy SG-6 was a supply convoy of merchant and troop ships during the Second World War. It was one of the numbered SG Convoys from Sydney, Nova Scotia to Greenland. The convoy was split into two groups, with Chatham being escorted by USCG Mojave in a formation coded SG-6F, while the remainder were with SG-6S. SG-6F was found and attacked on 27 September 1942 by U-517, sinking Chatham, while U-165 contacted SG-6S, sinking 1 ship and damaging another. Convoy LN-6, which was a supply convoy from Quebec City to Goose Bay, was nearby and its escort HMCS Trail broke off to conduct rescue operations.

German submarine U-165 (1941)
German submarine U-165 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine built for service during World War II. The keel for this boat was laid down on 30 August 1940 at the Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau AG, Bremen yard as yard number 704. She was launched on 15 August 1941 and commissioned on 3 February 1942 under the command of Fregattenkapitän Eberhard Hoffmann.

The U-boat's service began with training as part of the 4th U-boat Flotilla. She then moved to the 10th flotilla on 1 September 1942 for operations. She sank two ships, totalling 8,396 gross register tons (GRT), one auxiliary warship of 358 GRT and damaged three others, for 14,499 GRT. She also damaged one auxiliary warship (7,252 GRT).

An RAF aircraft with a Czechoslovak crew sank her on 27 September 1942.
Josey Little
Joseph Lockhart Little (November 14, 1821 – February 17, 1877) known as Josey or the captivating captain was a soldier and steeplechase rider whose most notable racing victory was on board Chandler to win the 1848 Grand National.

Lockhart was born on 14 November 1821 to Archibald Little and his wife Agnes née Oliver at Shabden Park, Reigate and enlisted in the 40th Regiment of Foot on 7 August 1840. In December the same year he became a cornet in the more prestigious 1st King's Dragoon Guards before his Grand National victory in 1848 ensured for him the funds necessary to purchase his rank as Captain.

In 1850 Little was almost ruined in a bank collapse and was forced to transfer to the less prestigious 81st Regiment of Foot before retiring from the service in 1851.
He died aged 55 on 17 February 1877 at Paris, France.

1st King's Dragoon Guards
The 1st King's Dragoon Guards was an armoured cavalry and dragoon guard regiment in the British Army. The regiment was raised by Sir John Lanier in 1685 as the 2nd Queen's Regiment of Horse, named in honour of Queen Mary, consort of King James II. It was renamed the 2nd King's Own Regiment of Horse in 1714 in honour of George I. The regiment attained the title 1st King's Dragoon Guards in 1751. The regiment served as horse cavalry until 1937 when it was mechanised with light tanks. The regiment became part of the Royal Armoured Corps in 1939. After service in the First World War and the Second World War, the regiment amalgamated with the 2nd Dragoon Guards (Queen's Bays) in 1959 to form the 1st The Queen's Dragoon Guards.
Alexander Craike
Christianity portal

Alexander Craike,  B.D. was a 16th-century Scottish priest.

Craike was a Scotsman. He was appointed Prebendary of Clonmethan in St. Patrick's Cathedral, Dublin in 1559; its Dean on 21 August 1560; and Bishop of Kildare the next day. He died in 1564.

Clonmethan
Clonmethan (Irish: Gleann Meáin; formerly also Clonmelkin, Kilmethan,  or Glimmethan) is a townland and a civil parish in the ancient barony of Balrothery West, Fingal in Ireland. It is bordered by the parishes of Palmerstown to the west, Grallagh to the north, Hollywood to the northeast, Westpalstown to the east, Killossery to the southeast, Killsallaghan to the south, and Greenoge, County Meath to the southwest.
Tadeuszów, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Tadeuszów [tadɛˈuʂuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tarłów, within Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south-east of Tarłów, 29 km (18 mi) north-east of Opatów, and 81 km (50 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

Gmina Tarłów
Gmina Tarłów is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Opatów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Tarłów, which lies approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) north-east of Opatów and 79 km (49 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

The gmina covers an area of 163.77 square kilometres (63.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,753.
Drejø
Drejø (Danish pronunciation: [ˈtʁɑjˌøˀ]) is a Danish island south of Funen with 65 inhabitants, located in Svendborg municipality. The island covers an area of 4.26 km2 (1.64 sq mi) , and is 5 km (3 mi) long and 2 km (1 mi) wide at its widest. A ferry travels between Svendborg, Skarø and Drejø.

Svendborg
Svendborg (Danish: [ˈsvenˌpɒˀ] ⓘ) is a town on the island of Funen in south-central Denmark, and the seat of Svendborg Municipality. With a population of 27,616 (1 January 2025), Svendborg is Funen's second largest city. In 2000 Svendborg was declared "Town of the year" in Denmark, and in 2003 it celebrated its 750th anniversary as a market town. By road, Svendborg is located 195 kilometres (121 mi) southwest of Copenhagen, 183 kilometres (114 mi) south of Aarhus, 44.2 kilometres (27.5 mi) south of Odense, and 28.5 kilometres (17.7 mi) east of Faaborg.

Svendborg is home to "Danmarks Forsorgsmuseum" social history museum and "Naturama" natural history museum. The latter holds a wide variety of taxidermy from whales and bears to birds and Foxes.

The largest container ship company in the world, A.P. Møller-Mærsk has its origins in Svendborg, in the "Villa Anna".
The First Chronicles of Druss the Legend
The First Chronicles of Druss the Legend is a fantasy novel by British author David Gemmell, first published in 1993. The novel is a prequel to the popular title Legend. The novel details the early life and events of the character Druss, and is followed by The Legend of Deathwalker, which deals with later events in his life between this book and the events in Legend.

David Gemmell
David Andrew Gemmell (/ˈɡɛməl/; 1 August 1948 – 28 July 2006) was a British author of heroic fantasy, best known for his debut novel, Legend. A former journalist and newspaper editor, Gemmell had his first work of fiction published in 1984. He went on to write over thirty novels. Gemmell's works display violence, yet also explore themes of honour, loyalty and redemption. There is always a strong heroic theme but nearly always the heroes are flawed in some way. With over one million copies sold, his work continues to sell worldwide.

The David Gemmell Awards for Fantasy were awarded from 2009 to 2018, with a stated goal to "restore fantasy to its proper place in the literary pantheon". A steering group of 18 authors was chaired by writer Stan Nicholls and the award was decided by a public vote.
New York (World Series of Football)
"New York" (the New Yorks or the New York Philadelphians) was a professional football team formed by promoter Tom O'Rouke for the World Series of Football in 1902. The event was held in New York City at Madison Square Garden. It featured five football teams from New York and New Jersey: the Syracuse Athletic Club, Orange Athletic Club, Knickerbocker Athletic Club, Warlow Athletic Club and "New York". The "New York" team was designed and heavily favored to win the tournament. However, they were defeated in the opening game by Syracuse.

World Series of Football (1902–03)
The World Series of Football was a series of football games played indoors at New York City's Madison Square Garden in 1902 and 1903. It originally comprised five teams, four from the state of New York and one from New Jersey. While none of the teams were really considered the best in the country, historians refer to the affair as a "World Series". However, it was hardly a series in the sense of two strong teams playing each other over several games. In fact, no team played another more than once and the team pairings were also considered odd. Under the 1902 system, the anticipated second-place team was automatically swept into the championship game without even playing a down while the expected first-place finisher had to fight its way through the brackets, effectively creating a cross between a traditional tournament and a "gauntlet-style" tournament for the first-place team.

The series is best remembered for showcasing the first indoor professional football game in 1902.
San Pablo, California
San Pablo (Spanish for "Saint Paul") is an enclave city in Contra Costa County, California, United States. The population was 32,127 at the 2020 census.  Currently, the city council consists of Mayor Elizabeth Pabon-Alvarado, Vice Mayor Rita Xavier, Abel Pineda, Patricia Ponce, and Arturo Cruz. Dorothy Gantt is the city Clerk. Viviana Toledo is the city treasurer.

Contra Costa County, California
Contra Costa County (/ˌkɒntrə ˈkɒstə/ ⓘ; Contra Costa, Spanish for 'Opposite Coast') is a county located in the U.S. state of California, in the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay Area. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 1,165,927. The county seat is Martinez. It occupies the northern portion of the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area and is primarily suburban. The county's name refers to its position on the other side of the bay from San Francisco. Contra Costa County is included in the San Francisco–Oakland–Berkeley, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Griselda (Antonio Maria Bononcini)
Griselda is an opera (dramma per musica) in three acts composed by Antonio Maria Bononcini. The opera uses a slightly revised version of the 1701 Italian libretto by Apostolo Zeno that was based on Giovanni Boccaccio's The Decameron (X, 10, "The Patient Griselda"). The opera was dedicated to Prince Maximilian Karl von Löwenstein, the Austrian governor of Milan, who died during the opera's world première on 26 December 1718 at the Teatro Regio Ducale in Milan. Nevertheless, Bononcini's opera was well received and enjoyed several revivals during the eighteenth century.

His brother, Giovanni Bononcini, wrote an even more popular version of his own to Zeno's libretto in 1722.

Antonio Maria Bononcini
Antonio Maria Bononcini (18 June 1677 – 8 July 1726) was an Italian cellist and composer, the younger brother of the better-known Giovanni Bononcini.

Bononcini was born and died at Modena in Italy. Like his brother, he studied with Giovanni Paolo Colonna. Between 1690 and 1693, he played in the orchestra of Cardinal Pamphili. In 1698 he composed an allegory, La fama eroica, for performance in Rome. He worked for some years with his brother, and joined him in the court orchestra at Vienna, where in 1705 he became Kapellmeister to the future Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI. In 1713 he returned to Italy, where he worked in Milan, Naples and Modena. In 1721 he became the maestro di cappella in Modena, where he remained for the rest of his life. In addition to his stage works, he composed over 40 cantatas (most of them for solo voice and harpsichord), as well as sacred music including a Mass in G minor, a Stabat Mater in C Minor, and a Salve Regina.
Du Chisiza
Dunduzu Chisiza Junior (26 March 1963 – 24 February 1999) was a Malawian playwright, director and actor and founder of the first professional theatre company in Malawi, the Wakhumbata Ensemble Theatre. He wrote more than 20 plays and was involved in the writing and directing of some 25 others. Many of his plays had a political and human rights message during the one party state under Banda. He was the son of the prominent Malawian activist and politician Dunduzu Chisiza.

Yatuta Chisiza
Yatuta Chisiza (born 1926 – died October 1967, near Blantyre, Malawi) was a Malawi minister of home affairs who led a brief guerrilla incursion into the country in October 1967. He is considered one of the most important figures in pre and post colonial politics in Malawi.

He entered Mwanza district from Tanzania with nine others. In the following clash with security forces on 9 October 1967 he and two other members of insurgent forces were killed, five captured, others fleeing.
Counts of Schauenburg and Holstein
The Counts of Schauenburg and Holstein were titles of the Holy Roman Empire. The dynastic family came from the County of Schauenburg near Rinteln (district Schaumburg) on the Weser in Germany. Together with its ancestral possessions in Bückeburg and Stadthagen, the House of Schauenburg ruled the County of Schauenburg and the County of Holstein. The comital titles of Holstein were subject to the liege lord, the Dukes of undivided Saxony until 1296, and thereafter the Dukes of Saxe-Lauenburg.

Holstein-Pinneberg
The County of Holstein-Pinneberg (German: Grafschaft Holstein-Pinneberg), also known as the County of Schauenburg and Holstein-Pinneberg (German: Grafschaft Schauenburg und Holstein-Pinneberg), was a small territory which existed from 1290 until 1640, centred around Pinneberg in modern-day Schleswig-Holstein, Germany.
The Fairly OddParents season 4
The fourth season of The Fairly OddParents began on November 7, 2003. The second movie, "Channel Chasers", aired in the summer of 2004, and for the 4th time, 2 Nicktoons make crossovers in The Jimmy Timmy Power Hour. The season officially ended with "School's Out!: The Musical" on June 10, 2005. It was produced by Frederator Studios and Nickelodeon Animation Studio.

Frederator Studios
Frederator Studios is an American animation television production studio founded by Fred Seibert in January 1997. It is a division of Frederator Networks, Inc., itself a part of Kartoon Studios' Canadian holding company Wow Unlimited Media. The studio's slogan is "Original Cartoons since 1998."

Frederator and Seibert have been credited with producing various, critically-acclaimed media projects, predominantly in animation suitable for general audiences. The studio has offices in New York City and Burbank, California.

In 2016, Frederator was acquired by Canadian animation studio Rainmaker, and merged into Wow! Unlimited Media where Seibert was Chief Creator Officer; he remained at the company until August 2020. After departing, he founded a successor company, FredFilms, in February 2021.
William Richard Motherwell
William Richard Motherwell, PC (January 6, 1860 – May 24, 1943) was a Canadian politician serving at both the Saskatchewan Legislative Assembly and the Canadian Parliament. He served as Agriculture Minister for both levels of government during his career.

Abernethy, Saskatchewan
Abernethy (2021 population: 190) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Abernethy No. 186 and Census Division No. 6. It is about one hour east of Regina, one hour west of Yorkton, and approximately five hours northwest of Winnipeg. To the south of Abernethy lies the Qu'Appelle Valley in which Katepwa Beach is located.

The current mayor is Kevin Stryker, and the village council consists of Janet Englot, Marty Fayant, Mark Harrison, and Colin Ward.
Ahmad Esmaeilpour
Ahmad Esmaeilpour (Persian: احمد اسماعیل‌پور; born 8 September 1988) is an Iranian professional futsal player. He plays in the position of Right Winger and is currently a member of Shenzhen Nanling Tielang in the Chinese Futsal League and the Iran national futsal team.

Esmaeilpour was part of the Iranian team for the 2016 FIFA Futsal World Cup who finished third place after defeating Portugal in penalties. Esmaeilpour scored four goals throughout the tournament and won the Bronze Ball which is given to the third best player of the tournament.

2012–13 Iranian Futsal Super League
The 2012–13 Iranian Futsal Super League are the 14th season of the Iran Pro League and the 9th under the name Futsal Super League. Shahid Mansouri are the defending champions. The season will feature 14 teams from the 2011–12 Iranian Futsal Super League and two new teams promoted from the 2011–12 Iran Futsal's 1st Division: Shahrdari Tabriz and Gaz Khozestan. The regular season, was played from 26 July 2012.
Mufulira District
Mufulira District is a district of Zambia, located in Copperbelt Province. The capital lies at Mufulira. As of the 2022 Zambian Census, the district had a population of 200,182 people. It is divided into three constituencies, namely Mufulira, Kantanshi and Kankoyo.

Copperbelt Province
Copperbelt Province is a province in Zambia which covers the mineral-rich Copperbelt, and farming and bush areas to the south. It was the backbone of the Northern Rhodesian economy during British colonial rule and fuelled the hopes of the immediate post-independence period, but its economic importance was severely damaged by a crash in global copper prices in 1973. The province adjoins the Haut-Katanga province of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, which is similarly mineral-rich.

The main cities and towns of the Copperbelt are Kitwe, Ndola, Mufulira, Luanshya, Chingola, Kalulushi and Chililabombwe. Roads and rail links extend north into the Congo to Lubumbashi, but the Second Congo War brought economic contact between the two countries to a standstill, now recovering.

It is informally referred to at times as 'Copala' or 'Kopala', invoking the vernacular-like term of the mineral copper that is mined in the province.