hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ice palace
An ice palace or ice castle is a castle-like structure made of blocks of ice.  These blocks are usually harvested from nearby rivers or lakes when they become frozen in winter. The first known ice palace (or, rather, ice house, ледяной дом in Russian) appeared in St. Petersburg, Russia, when Anna Ivanovna, Empress of Russia, commissioned an ice palace in St. Petersburg, Russia, during the winter of 1739–40. Architect Piotr Eropkin and scientist Georg Wolfgang Krafft used huge ice blocks measuring 16 m (52 ft) long by 5 m (16 ft) wide, joined together with frozen water, to build the palace. The city recreates the ice palace every winter.

Anna of Russia
Anna Ioannovna (Russian: Анна Иоанновна; 7 February [O.S. 28 January] 1693 – 28 October [O.S. 17 October] 1740), also russified as Anna Ivanovna and sometimes anglicized as Anne, served as regent of the Duchy of Courland and Semigallia from 1711 until 1730 and then ruled as Empress of Russia from 1730 to 1740. Much of her administration was defined or heavily influenced by actions set in motion by her uncle, Peter the Great (r. 1682–1725), such as the lavish building projects in St. Petersburg, funding the Russian Academy of Science, and measures which generally favored the nobility, such as the repeal of a primogeniture law in 1730. In the West, Anna's reign was traditionally viewed as a continuation of the transition from the old Muscovy ways to the European court envisioned by Peter the Great. Within Russia, Anna's reign is often referred to as a "dark era".
Philip Suriano
Philip Suriano (born 1948) is an American actor, best known for playing Dominic Santoro in Martin Scorsese's 1995 film Casino, based on real-life mobster Michael Spilotro. Another small but notable appearance by Suriano was in 1989's Lethal Weapon 2 (also with Pesci), where his character makes and loses a bet with Mel Gibson's Martin Riggs but pays him with an illegal krugerrand.

Besides Casino and Lethal Weapon 2, Suriano has had small roles in other films, such as Goodfellas (again with Pesci), Jane Austen's Mafia!, Ocean's Eleven and The Irishman.

Michael Spilotro
Michael Peter "Micky" Spilotro (September 12, 1944 – June 14, 1986) was the younger brother of Anthony "Tony the Ant" Spilotro and was an associate of the Chicago organized crime organization referred to as "The Outfit".
Atelurinae
Atelurinae is a subfamily of primitive insects belonging to the order Zygentoma. Once considered an independent family, it is now treated as a subfamily within the Nicoletiidae. They are generally found in association with ants or termites, living as inquilines in the hosts' nests. They are typically small, tear-drop or sub-ovoid in body shape, light yellow in color and lacking eyes.  The subfamily is quite diverse, with more than 140 described species in about 70 genera; many of the genera are monotypic.

Zygentoma
Zygentoma are an order in the class Insecta, and consist of about 550 known species. The Zygentoma include the silverfishes or fishmoths, and the firebrats. A conspicuous feature of the order are the three long caudal filaments. The two lateral filaments are cerci, and the medial one is an epiproct or appendix dorsalis. In this they resemble the Archaeognatha, although the cerci of Zygentoma, unlike in the latter order, are nearly as long as the epiproct.

Until the late twentieth century the Zygentoma were regarded as a suborder of the Thysanura, until it was recognized that the order Thysanura was paraphyletic, thus raising the two suborders to the status of independent monophyletic orders, with Archaeognatha as sister group to the Dicondylia, including the Zygentoma.
Yélimané
Yélimané is a town and principal settlement of the commune of Guidimé in the Cercle of Yélimané in the Kayes Region, in south-western Mali, near the border of Mauritania.

Yélimané is served by Yélimané Airport.

Yélimané Airport
Yélimané Airport (IATA: EYL, ICAO: GAYE) (French: Aéroport de Yélimané) is an airport serving Yélimané, a desert town in the Kayes Region of Mali.

The Yelimane non-directional beacon (Ident: YE) is located on the field.
Oksana Baiul
Oksana Serhiyivna Baiul-Farina (née Baiul; born November 16, 1977) is a Ukrainian retired competitive figure skater. She was the 1993 world champion and the 1994 Olympic champion in ladies' singles.

Baiul is the first Olympic Champion from Ukraine to compete under the Ukrainian flag. Baiul is the second skater representing Ukraine to win gold at the Winter Olympics after Viktor Petrenko in 1992. She is also the first Olympic champion of independent Ukraine in any sport.

After winning the gold medal in 1994, Baiul decided to move to the United States and participate in professional ice skating tours and shows. She followed one of her coaches to Connecticut. Later, she also became involved in a variety of TV appearances, and benefit skates. She has lived in the United States since 1994. In 1997, she published two books, a memoir about her life and one on skating.

Simsbury, Connecticut
Simsbury is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States, incorporated as Connecticut's 21st town in May 1670. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. The population was  24,517 in the 2020 census.
Joo Da-young
Joo Da-young (Korean: 주다영; born June 16, 1995) is a South Korean actress. She graduated from Chung-Ang University, Department of Theater and Film in 2014. She started her acting career as a child actress in 1999 with  KBS1 television series TV Novel: Sister's Mirror and TV Novel: Plum Sonata (2001). She has appeared in television series Dae Jang Geum (2003), Twinkle Twinkle (2011),  Feast of the Gods (2012) and 2016 film Pure Love, among many others. She adopted the stage name Joo Ah-reum in 2018. She is appearing in romance TV series, Be My Dream Family in (2021).

Twinkle Twinkle (TV series)
Twinkle Twinkle (Korean: 반짝반짝 빛나는; RR: Banjjakbanjjak binnaneun) is a South Korean television series starring Kim Hyun-joo, Lee Yu-ri, Kim Suk-hoon and Kang Dong-ho. It aired on MBC TV from February 12 to August 14, 2011 on Saturdays and Sundays at 20:40 for 54 episodes.
2023 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships – Doubles
Defending champion Max Purcell and his partner Jordan Thompson defeated Julian Cash and Henry Patten in the final, 4–6, 6–4, [10–5] to win the doubles tennis title at the 2023 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships.

Matthew Ebden and Purcell were the reigning champions, but Ebden chose not to compete this year.

Max Purcell
Max Purcell (born 3 April 1998) is an Australian suspended professional tennis player. He has reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 40 on 16 October 2023 and a doubles ranking of No. 8 on 9 September 2024.
In doubles, he won two Grand Slam titles at the 2024 US Open with  Jordan Thompson and at the 2022 Wimbledon Championships with Matthew Ebden. The pair also finished runners-up at the 2022 Australian Open. Purcell also reached the finals at the 2020 Australian Open with Luke Saville and at the 2024 Wimbledon with Thompson. In mixed doubles, Purcell reached the semifinals at the 2021 US Open with Dayana Yastremska. He represented Australia in both disciplines at the 2020 Olympic Games, partnering John Peers in doubles.

In April 2025, Purcell accepted to serve an 18-month competition ban, due to expire in June 2026, for an anti-doping rule violation.
Sharof Rashidov
Sharof Rashidovich Rashidov (Uzbek Cyrillic: Шароф Рашидович Рашидов, [ʃæˈrɒf ræˈʃidəvʲɪt͡ɕ ræˈʃidəf]; Russian: Шараф Рашидович Рашидов, romanized: Sharaf Rashidovich Rashidov; 6 November [O.S. 24 October] 1917 – 31 October 1983) was the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Uzbekistan from 1959 until his death in 1983. During his tenure the Uzbek SSR saw considerable economic growth and had a very high degree of autonomy from the rest of the Soviet Union.

Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic
The Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic (UzSSR), also known as Soviet Uzbekistan, the Uzbek SSR, or simply Uzbekistan and rarely Uzbekia, was a union republic of the Soviet Union. It was governed by the Uzbek branch of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the legal political party, from 1925 until 1990. From 1990 to 1991, it was a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation.

Beginning 20 June 1990, the Uzbek SSR adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty within its borders. Islam Karimov became the republic's inaugural president.

On 31 August 1991, the Uzbek SSR was renamed the Republic of Uzbekistan and declared independence three months before the Soviet Union's dissolution on 26 December 1991.

Uzbekistan was bordered by Kazakhstan to the north; Tajikistan to the southeast; Kirghizia to the northeast; Afghanistan to the south; and Turkmenistan to the southwest.
Midnight Syndicate
Midnight Syndicate is an American musical duo that has been working primarily in the genre of neoclassical dark ambient music since 1997 and is based in Chardon, Ohio, a suburb of Cleveland.

The band refers to their CDs as "soundtracks for the imagination" or "soundtracks to imaginary films".  Their songs are characterized by a blend of instrumental music and sound effects and are commonly used to provide atmosphere during the Halloween season, in haunted attractions, amusement parks, and in the role-playing game industry.

HalloWeekends
HalloWeekends is an annual Halloween event at Cedar Point amusement park in Sandusky, Ohio. It was introduced in 1997, and takes place during the Halloween season,  usually from the second Friday after Labor Day until the Sunday before Halloween, or sometimes into early November. The event is open on Thursday Nights, Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays. It is included free with park admission. As of 2021, HalloWeekends features 11 haunted houses and nighttime scare zones, and there are several children's attractions. It is advised that children under 13 years old be accompanied by an adult. HalloWeekend's yearly slogan is "All You Fear is Here!". Other Six Flags parks including Dorney Park & Wildwater Kingdom, Valley Fair, and Worlds of Fun all have formerly used the HalloWeekends name. The name has changed to Halloween Haunt at all 3 parks. Cedar Point is the only Six Flags park that still uses the HalloWeekends name.
Nielsen–Ninomiya theorem
In lattice field theory, the Nielsen–Ninomiya theorem is a no-go theorem about placing chiral fermions on a lattice. In particular, under very general assumptions such as locality, hermiticity, and translational symmetry, any lattice formulation of chiral fermions necessarily leads to fermion doubling, where there are the same number of left-handed and right-handed fermions. It was first proved by Holger Bech Nielsen and Masao Ninomiya in 1981 using two methods, one that relied on homotopy theory and another that relied on differential topology. Another proof provided by Daniel Friedan uses differential geometry. The theorem was also generalized to any regularization scheme of chiral theories. One consequence of the theorem is that the Standard Model cannot be put on a lattice. Common methods for overcoming the fermion doubling problem is to use modified fermion formulations such as staggered fermions, Wilson fermions, or Ginsparg–Wilson fermions, among others.

Chiral gauge theory
In quantum field theory, a chiral gauge theory is a quantum field theory with charged chiral (i.e. Weyl) fermions. For instance, the Standard Model, specifically the electroweak interaction, is a chiral gauge theory. For topological reasons, chiral charged fermions cannot be given a mass without breaking the gauge symmetry, which will lead to inconsistencies unlike a global symmetry. It is notoriously difficult to construct a chiral gauge theory from a theory which does not already contain chiral fields at the fundamental level. A consistent chiral gauge theory must have no gauge anomaly (or global anomaly). Almost by necessity, regulators will have to break the gauge symmetry. This is responsible for gauge anomalies in the first place.
Norland Estate
The Norland Estate was an historic estate of fifty-two acres north of Holland Park Avenue (formerly the Uxbridge Road) and bounded in the east by the roads now known as Portland Road and Pottery Lane, and in the west by the borders of the parishes of Kensington and Hammersmith. The estate began to be built in 1839, and was largely complete by the early 1850s. The master-plan was designed by Robert Cantwell.

Portland Road, Notting Hill
Portland Road is a road in Notting Hill, in the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea that was built as a speculative development in the 1850s. The road has been noted for its division into three sections of different wealth: the section between Holland Park Avenue and Clarendon Cross/Hippodrome Place being one of the most expensive places to buy a house in London, a  section of terraced houses further north being also very expensive but less so than the lower reaches of the road, and a section at the northern end that was once slums and is now working class social housing and is described as being north of an "invisible line" that divides it from the privately owned sections of the road.
Liam Hatcher
Liam Hatcher (born 17 September 1996) is an Australian cricketer. He made his List A debut for Cricket Australia XI on 5 October 2015 in the 2015–16 Matador BBQs One-Day Cup. He made his first-class debut for Cricket Australia XI on 29 October 2015 in a tour match against New Zealanders as part of New Zealand's tour to Australia.

In December 2015 he was named in Australia's squad for the 2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. He made his Twenty20 debut on 12 December 2020, for the Melbourne Stars, in the 2020–21 Big Bash League season.

Cricket Australia XI
Cricket Australia XI is a domestic cricket team that plays matches against international teams touring Australia.

Cricket Australia XI played in Australia's limited-overs tournament from 2015–16 to 2017–18. Before each tournament, a 14-man squad was selected from players with state contracts who had not been picked in their respective states' 14-man List A squads for that season's tournament. The aim was to develop their skills against top players. The addition of the Cricket Australia XI to the limited-overs cricket tournament expanded the competition to seven teams. The team made their List A debut against New South Wales on 5 October 2015, losing by 279 runs. They scored their first win five days later against Tasmania, winning by 3 runs.

Cricket Australia XI, often with more experienced personnel, now play first-class and T20 matches against touring teams, rather than playing in the one-day competition.
Longchuan County, Guangdong
Longchuan County (postal: Lungchun; simplified Chinese: 龙川县; traditional Chinese: 龍川縣; pinyin: Lóngchuān Xiàn; lit. 'dragon river county', Hakka: Liùngchôn) is a county of northeastern Guangdong province, China, bordering Jiangxi to the north and on the upper reaches of the Dong and Han Rivers. It is under the administration of Heyuan City, and in 2020 had a population of 595,471 living in an area of 3,088 km2 (1,192 sq mi). Bordering county-level divisions are Xingning and Wuhua County to the east, Heping County and Dongyuan County to the south and west, and in Jiangxi, Dingnan County and Xunwu County to the north.

Xingning, Guangdong
Xingning is also the era name for Emperor Ai of the Jin dynasty.

Xingning (postal: Hingning; simplified Chinese: 兴宁; traditional Chinese: 興寧; pinyin: Xīngníng, Hakka: Hinnên) is a county-level city, under the jurisdiction of Meizhou City, Guangdong Province, China. The second largest city in eastern Guangdong, Xingning has an area of 2,104.85 square kilometres (812.69 sq mi) and a population of 779,411 (2020).
Bäst i test
Bäst i test (lit. 'Best in Test') is a Swedish comedy panel show based on the British show Taskmaster. It has been broadcast on SVT since spring 2017 to 2023 and on TV4 from 2024.

The show features four fixed panelists per series, along with one guest per episode, who all compete in odd competitions, judged by Babben Larsson and assisted by David Sundin. The show is based in the Filmhuset studio where the interview with the panelists takes place, together with the show's final. Most of the competitions are done in and around Villa Frescati in Stockholm.

Nassim Al Fakir
Stefan Nassim Al Fakir (Arabic: نسيم الفقير; born 21 March 1977) is a Swedish musician, presenter, comedian, master of ceremonies, moderator and lecturer for children and adolescents. Al Fakir was the host of children's television block Bolibompa on Swedish television SVT. He plays drums and has played in several bands, often with his younger brother Salem Al Fakir.
Magnet Cove School District
Magnet Cove School District is a school district headquartered in Magnet Cove, Arkansas (with a Malvern postal address), with portions in Hot Spring County and Garland County.

Within Hot Springs County it includes Magnet Cove and Jones Mills, along with a small portion of Rockport.

It operates three schools: an elementary school, a middle school and a high school.

Jones Mill, Arkansas
Jones Mill (also known as Jones Mills) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Hot Spring County, Arkansas, United States. It was first listed as a CDP in the 2020 census with a population of 411.

Jones Mill is located along U.S. Route 270 7 miles (11 km) northwest of Malvern. Jones Mill has a post office with ZIP code 72105.
Antonio Foscarini
Antonio Foscarini (c. 1570 in Venice – 22 April 1622) belonged to the Venetian nobility and was Venetian ambassador to Paris and later to London. He was the third son of Nicolò di Alvise of the family branch of San Polo and Maria Barbarigo di Antonio.  In 1622 he was sentenced to death for high treason by the Council of Ten and executed.

Ten months later, the same council rehabilitated  Antonio Foscarini and explicitly informed the European courts of his posthumous exoneration, and the revocation of the guilty verdict and death sentence.  Notwithstanding the about turn,  mystery still remains as to why an art-loving nobleman was embroiled in a Venetian tale of political intrigue, that involved factional infighting, institutional disputes between Church and State, and religious hostilities over Protestantism and Catholicism at the beginning of the Thirty Years' War, that led to the death of an innocent man.

Christian IV of Denmark
Christian IV (12 April 1577 – 28 February 1648) was King of Denmark and Norway and Duke of Holstein and Schleswig from 1588 until his death in 1648. His reign of 59 years and 330 days is the longest of any Scandinavian monarch.

A member of the House of Oldenburg, Christian began his personal rule of Denmark-Norway in 1596 at the age of 19. He is remembered as one of the most popular, ambitious, and proactive Danish-Norwegian kings, having initiated many reforms and projects. Christian IV obtained for his kingdoms a level of stability and wealth that was virtually unmatched elsewhere in Europe. He engaged Denmark-Norway in numerous wars, most notably the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), which devastated much of Germany, undermined the Danish economy, and cost Denmark-Norway some of its conquered territories.
He rebuilt and renamed the Norwegian capital Oslo as Christiania after himself, a name used until 1925.
Dinozaurs
Dinozaurs, known in Japan as Dinozone (ダイノゾーン, Dainozōn), is a Japanese toyline created by toy company Bandai in 1998. Alongside the toys, two media adaptations were created by Sunrise: a 5-episode 3D CGI OVA series that ran from November 27, 1998, to January 2000: 44–45  and a 26-episode animated television series that aired on Fox Kids from July 28, 2000, to November 30, 2000.

Ardwight Chamberlain
Ardwight Chamberlain (sometimes credited as R.D. Chamberlain or R. Dwight; born February 16, 1957) is an American voice actor and screen writer currently living in Los Angeles, California. He is best known as the voice of Vorlon Ambassador Kosh on the science-fiction television series Babylon 5. He has also written a number of episodes for the animated TV show Digimon: Digital Monsters, has appeared on the game show Jeopardy!, and has written and provided voices for the English dubbed versions of several Japanese anime.

Chamberlain did the voice for both Kosh (a main cast member of the series) and Ulkesh in the Babylon 5 series starting in 1994 until 1997, totaling 20 episodes. Although he has been "the voice" of Kosh, the man underneath the encounter suit was Jeffrey Willerth.

He provides the voice for the character of Nicolai (Nicolas) Conrad in the English language version of the video game Shadow Hearts: Covenant (2004).
FuG 200 Hohentwiel
The FuG 200 Hohentwiel was a low-UHF band frequency maritime patrol radar system of the Luftwaffe in World War II. It was developed by C. Lorenz AG of Berlin starting in 1938 under the code name "Hohentwiel", an extinct volcano in the region of Baden-Württemberg in southern Germany.

Originally developed as an anti-aircraft radar for the Luftwaffe, it lost out to the Würzburg for this role. In 1941, it was modified as an airborne surface search radar for naval patrol aircraft like the Focke-Wulf Fw 200. In 1944 it was further adapted for shipborne use, used on late-war U-boats, some surface ships, and land based installations.

C. Lorenz AG
C. Lorenz AG (1880–1958) was a German electrical and electronics firm primarily located in Berlin. It innovated, developed, and marketed products for electric lighting, telegraphy, telephony, radar, and radio. It was acquired by ITT in 1930 and became part of the newly founded company Standard Elektrik Lorenz (SEL) Stuttgart in 1958, when it merged with Standard Elektrizitätsgesellschaft and several other smaller companies owned by ITT. In 1987, SEL merged with the French companies Compagnie Générale d'Electricité and Alcatel to form the new Alcatel SEL.
Monfortinho
Monfortinho is a former civil parish in the municipality of Idanha-a-Nova, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Monfortinho e Salvaterra do Extremo. It covers an area of 53.2 km2 and had a population of 608 as of 2001.

It is served by Monfortinho Airport, an unpaved 840 metres (2,756 ft) airstrip 3 kilometres (2 mi) south of the village.

Monfortinho Airport
Monfortinho Airport (ICAO: LPMF) is an airstrip near the Portugal-Spain border serving Monfortinho, in the Castelo Branco municipality of Portugal.

The runway is 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) southwest of the village.
NLPQLP
The Fortran subroutine NLPQLP, a newer version of NLPQL, solves smooth nonlinear programming problems
by a sequential quadratic programming (SQP) algorithm. The new version is specifically
tuned to run under distributed systems.
In case of computational errors, such as inaccurate function or gradient evaluations,
a non-monotone line search is activated. The code is easily transformed to C by f2c and is widely used in academia and industry.

Sequential quadratic programming
Sequential quadratic programming (SQP) is an iterative method for constrained nonlinear optimization, also known as Lagrange-Newton method. SQP methods are used on mathematical problems for which the objective function and the constraints are twice continuously differentiable, but not necessarily convex.

SQP methods solve a sequence of optimization subproblems, each of which optimizes a quadratic model of the objective subject to a linearization of the constraints. If the problem is unconstrained, then the method reduces to Newton's method for finding a point where the gradient of the objective vanishes.  If the problem has only equality constraints, then the method is equivalent to applying Newton's method to the first-order optimality conditions, or Karush–Kuhn–Tucker conditions, of the problem.