hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Liwale District, Lindi
Liwale is one of the six districts of the Lindi Region of Tanzania. It is the largest district in Lindi and one of the largest in districts in Tanzania. It is bordered to the north by the Pwani Region, to the east by the Kilwa District, to the south by the Ruangwa District and to the west by the Morogoro Region. Most of Liwale district is within the Nyerere National Park.

According to the 2022 Tanzania National Census, the population of the Liwale District was 136,505.

Nyerere National Park
Nyerere National Park (formerly the northern part of Selous Game Reserve, pronunciation: "Seluu") (Hifadhi ya Taifa ya Nyerere, in Swahili) is a  national park of Tanzania and is the largest national park in Tanzania and also one of the world's largest wildlife sanctuaries and national parks. The total area of the park is 30,893 km2 (11,928 sq mi) and covers the big part of Liwale District in western Lindi Region, south west Pwani Region, north eastern Ruvuma Region and a big part of south eastern Morogoro Region. The park is about the size of Belgium (Europe). Much of the area is in a wild state without being altered by human activities.
The part of Selous game reserve is now running a hydro electric power. The park has a great river known as Rufiji River. Rufiji is Tanzania's largest river and is home to many crocodiles and hippopotamuses. It is also one of largest mangrove forests in the world located at its delta.
Kathleen Petty
Kathleen Petty is a Canadian radio and television news journalist. She worked for almost two decades for the CBC News Network, where she was co-founder producer and host. When CBC Newsworld was launched in 1989 she was the anchor. She also hosted Canada Now for the Network and  CBC News: Today from Calgary with co-host David Gray. She worked in Ottawa from 2006 until 2011, hosting CBC Radio Ottawa's , including Ottawa Morning, Ontario Today and the nationally-broadcast The House. In 2011, she announced that she was returning to Calgary. In February 2020, CBC announced the launch of a new podcast, West of Centre, with Petty as producer and host.

CBC News Network
CBC News Network (formerly CBC Newsworld) is a Canadian English-language specialty news channel owned by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (CBC). It is Canada's first all-news channel, and the world's third-oldest television service of this nature (after CNN in the United States, and Sky News in the United Kingdom).

CBC News Network is funded by cable subscriber fees and commercial advertising, unlike the CBC's main television network, and it cannot directly receive operational funds from the corporation's public funding allotment. Nonetheless, the network benefits from synergies with other CBC services; such as the ability to share reporters and programs with the main network.

CBC News Network's French-language counterpart is Ici RDI, also owned by the CBC (or, Société Radio-Canada in French).
IBM 701
The IBM 701 Electronic Data Processing Machine, known as the Defense Calculator while in development, was IBM's first commercial scientific computer and its first series production mainframe computer, which was announced to the public on May 21, 1952. It was designed and developed by Jerrier Haddad and Nathaniel Rochester and was based on the IAS machine at Princeton.

The IBM 701 was the first computer in the IBM 700/7000 series, which were IBM's high-end computers until the arrival of the IBM System/360 in 1964.

The business-oriented sibling of the 701 was the IBM 702 and a lower-cost general-purpose sibling was the IBM 650, which gained fame as the first mass-produced computer.

Thomas J. Watson
Thomas John Watson Sr. (February 17, 1874 – June 19, 1956) was an American businessman who was the chairman and CEO of IBM. He oversaw the company's growth into an international force from 1914 to 1956. Watson developed IBM's management style and corporate culture from John Henry Patterson's training at NCR. He turned the company into a highly effective selling organization, based largely on punched card tabulating machines.

Watson authorized providing Nazi Germany with data processing solutions and involved IBM in cooperation throughout the 1930s and until the end of World War II, profiting from both the German and American war efforts. A leading self-made industrialist, he was one of the richest men of his time when he died in 1956.
Leuco dye
A leuco dye (from the Greek λευκό leuko: white ) is a dye which can switch between two chemical forms, one of which is colorless. Reversible transformations can be caused by heat, light or pH, resulting in examples of thermochromism, photochromism and halochromism, respectively. Irreversible transformations typically involve reduction or oxidation. The colorless form is sometimes referred to as the leuco form.

Leuco dyes form the basis of thermal printer papers and certain pH indicators.

Thermal printing
Thermal printing (or direct thermal printing) is a digital printing process which produces a printed image by passing paper with a thermochromic coating, commonly known as thermal paper, over a print head consisting of tiny electrically heated elements. The coating turns black in the areas where it is heated, producing an image.

Most thermal printers are monochrome (black and white) although some two-color designs exist.
Grayscale is usually rasterized because it can only be adjusted by temperature control.

Thermal-transfer printing is a different method, using plain paper with a heat-sensitive ribbon instead of heat-sensitive paper, but using similar print heads.
Thermal transfer printer require the use of wax-based ribbons that adhere to the substrate during the printing process. As a result, users must load both labels and ribbon, essentially using an alternative ink system.
Utica, Maryland
Utica, also known as Utica Mills, is an unincorporated community located in Frederick County, Maryland, United States, at the intersection of Old Frederick Road and Lenhart Road.

It is home to St. Paul's Evangelical Lutheran Church.

The Utica Covered Bridge, also known as the Utica Mills Covered Bridge, is located nearby.

Frederick County, Maryland
Frederick County is located in Maryland, United States. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 271,717. The county seat is Frederick. The county is part of the Capital region of the state.

Like other outlying sections of the Washington metropolitan area, Frederick County has experienced a rapid population increase since the 1980s. It borders the southern border of Pennsylvania and the northeastern border of Virginia.

Catoctin Mountain Park in the county is the location of Camp David, a U.S. presidential retreat, and Fort Detrick, a U.S. Army base.
Leeward Antilles
The Leeward Antilles (Dutch: Benedenwindse Eilanden; Spanish: islas de Sotavento) are a chain of islands in the Caribbean,  specifically part of the southerly islands of the Lesser Antilles (and, in turn, the Antilles and the West Indies) along the southeastern fringe of the Caribbean Sea, just north of the Venezuelan coast of the South American mainland. The Leeward Antilles, while among the Lesser Antilles, are not to be confused with the Leeward Islands (also of the Lesser Antilles) to the northeast.

Largely lacking in volcanic activity, the Leeward Antilles island arc occurs along the deformed southern edge of the Caribbean Plate and was formed by the plate's subduction under the South American Plate. Recent studies indicate that the Leeward Antilles are accreting to South America.

Caribbean plate
The Caribbean plate is a mostly oceanic tectonic plate underlying Central America and the Caribbean Sea off the northern coast of South America.

Roughly 3.2 million square kilometres (1.2 million square miles) in area, the Caribbean plate borders the North American plate, the South American plate, the Nazca plate and the Cocos plate. These borders are regions of intense seismic activity, including frequent earthquakes, occasional tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions.
Östergötland County
Östergötland County (Swedish: Östergötlands län) is a county or län in southeastern Sweden. It has land borders with the counties of Kalmar to the southeast, Jönköping to the southwest, Örebro to the northwest, and Södermanland to the northeast. It also has a sea border with Västra Götaland to the west (across lake Vättern), and borders the Baltic Sea to the east.

Östergötland County has a population of 456,550 (September 30, 2017) and the capital and biggest city is Linköping. Linköping and neighbouring twin city Norrköping together form one of Sweden's metropolitan areas; The Linköping-Norrköping Corridor is therefore sometimes marketed as The Fourth Metropolitan Region of Sweden, the other three being Stockholm, Gothenburg and Malmö. Princess Estelle is Duchess of Östergötland.

Norrköping
Norrköping (/ˈnɔːrʃəpɪŋ/ ⓘ NOR-shə-ping, Swedish: [ˈnɔ̂rːˌɕøːpɪŋ] ⓘ) is a city in the province of Östergötland in eastern Sweden and the seat of Norrköping Municipality, Östergötland County, about 160 km (100 miles) southwest of the national capital Stockholm, 40 km (25 miles) east of county seat Linköping and 60 km (40 miles) west of the Södermanland capital of Nyköping. The city has a population of 98,229 inhabitants in 2023, out of a municipal total of 144,980, making it Sweden's eleventh largest city and tenth largest municipality.

The city is situated by the mouth of the river Motala ström, at Bråviken, an inlet of the Baltic Sea. Water power from the Motala ström and the good harbour were factors that facilitated the rapid growth of this once industrial city, known for its textile industry.
Fabrizia Sacchi
Fabrizia Sacchi (born 10 February 1971) is an Italian actress.

Sacchi was born in Naples. Her acting credits include Viaggio sola, Fuoriclasse, Medicina generale and The First Beautiful Thing. In 2013, she was nominated to David di Donatello for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in A Five Star Life.

David di Donatello for Best Supporting Actress
The David di Donatello Award for Best Supporting Actress (Italian: David di Donatello per la migliore attrice non protagonista) is a film award presented annually by the Accademia del Cinema Italiano (ACI, Academy of Italian Cinema) to recognize the outstanding performance in a supporting role of an actress who has worked within the Italian film industry during the year preceding the ceremony. It has been awarded every year since 1981.
Up in Rags
Up in Rags is the third EP by the American indie rock band Cold War Kids. It was recorded in January 2006. The title of this EP is taken from the lyrics of "Hair Down" - "Man, we were still just babies / Dressing up in rags with our wallets full." In February 2006, Monarchy Music put together Up in Rags along with With Our Wallets Full as a full-length LP titled Up in Rags/With Our Wallets Full.

Cold War Kids
Cold War Kids are an American indie rock band from Long Beach, California. Band members are Nathan Willett (vocals, piano, guitar), Matt Maust (bass guitar), David Quon (guitar, backing vocals), Matthew Schwartz (keyboards, backing vocals, guitar, percussion), and Joe Plummer (drums, percussion). Former members of the band include Dann Gallucci (guitar, keyboards, percussion), Matt Aveiro (drums, percussion), and Jonnie Russell (guitar, vocals, piano, keyboards, percussion).

Forming in 2004 in Fullerton, California, the Cold War Kids' early releases came from independent record label Monarchy Music. In 2006, the band signed with Downtown/V2 and released their major label debut Robbers & Cowards to cult appeal from fans and critics. 2008's Loyalty to Loyalty and 2011's Mine Is Yours saw the band develop different musical sounds and lyrical content throughout to mixed reviews. The band's seventh studio album, New Age Norms 1, was released on November 1, 2019.
Day & Age World Tour
The Day & Age World Tour was the third major concert tour by American rock band the Killers. The tour took place between 2008 and 2010 in support of the band's third studio album Day & Age, released in November 2008. The tour started on October 20, 2008 at the House of Blues on the Las Vegas Strip, and ended on February 21, 2010 at Flemington Racecourse in Melbourne, playing over 100 shows in just over a year. The Day & Age World Tour saw the Killers' record their first live album, Live from the Royal Albert Hall, at the Royal Albert Hall in London during their third European leg of the tour, as well as the band's first performances in Africa in December 2009.

Bling (Confession of a King)
"Bling (Confession of a King)" is a song by American rock band the Killers. It is the fourth track from the band's sophomore album, Sam's Town (2006). The song was written by frontman Brandon Flowers and bassist Mark Stoermer, and produced by Flood, Alan Moulder and the Killers. Despite not being a single, "Bling" is one of the Killers' most popular songs, being played live over 450 times as of October 2025.
The Doll Factory (TV series)
The Doll Factory is a period thriller television series based on the novel of the same name by Elizabeth Macneal, adapted by Charley Miles for Paramount+. The series premiered on 27 November 2023, with all episodes released on 1 December 2023.

Nell Hudson
Ellen Rose O. Hudson (born 19 November 1990) is an English actress, author, and musician. She is best known for her recurring roles as Laoghaire MacKenzie in the Starz drama Outlander (2014–present) and Nancy Skerrett in the ITV historical drama Victoria (2016–2019).
Fijian dollar
The Fijian dollar (currency sign: FJ$, $; currency code: FJD) has been the currency of Fiji since 1969 and was also the currency between 1867 and 1873. It is normally abbreviated with the dollar sign $, or alternatively FJ$ to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies. It is divided into 100 cents.

Cent (currency)
The cent is a monetary unit of many national currencies that equals a hundredth (1⁄100) of the basic monetary unit. The word derives from the Latin centum, 'hundred'.

The cent sign is commonly a simple minuscule (lower case) letter c. In North America, the c is crossed by a diagonal or vertical stroke (depending on typeface), yielding the character ¢.

The United States one cent coin is generally known by the nickname "penny", alluding to the British coin and unit of that name. Australia ended production of their 1c coin in 1990, New Zealand last produced their 1c coin in 1988, as did Canada in 2012 and the US in 2025. Some Eurozone countries ended production of the 1 euro cent coin, most recently Slovakia in 2022.
Padaviya Divisional Secretariat
Padaviya Divisional Secretariat is a  Divisional Secretariat  of Anuradhapura District, of North Central Province, Sri Lanka. It serves as the local authority for Padaviya town, which is the main town within the divisional secretariat. Padaviya Divisional Secretariat oversees the administration of Padaviya town and surrounding small towns.

North Central Province, Sri Lanka
North Central Province (Sinhala: උතුරු මැද පළාත Uturumæda Paḷāta, Tamil: வட மத்திய மாகாணம் Vada Mattiya Mākāṇam) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka.  The province has an area of 10,472 km2, making it the largest province by area, and a population of 1,266,663, making it the 3rd least populated province. Anuradhapura is the capital city of the province.
Center for Regulatory Effectiveness
The Center for Regulatory Effectiveness (CRE) is an industry-funded, for-profit think tank. It focuses on federal agency compliance with "good government" laws which regulate the regulators. These "good government" laws include the Data Quality Act, the Paperwork Reduction Act, Executive Orders on regulatory review, the Unfunded Mandates Act, the Regulatory Flexibility Act and the Congressional Review Act.

CRE was formed by former career officials of the White House Office of Management and Budget. The head of the firm is Jim Tozzi.

It has been criticised as a front organisation for industries which seek to undermine the regulatory process, notably by Chris C. Mooney in his book The Republican War on Science.

One of CRE's projects to promote public participation in the regulatory process is the establishment of the Interactive Public Docket.

Jim Tozzi
Jim Tozzi is an American lobbyist, currently the head of the Center for Regulatory Effectiveness, an industry-supported, for-profit lobbying organization that describes itself as a "regulatory watchdog." Formerly, he was a regulatory official of the United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB).  His partner for many years was Thorne G. Auchter and they ran two main lobbying organisations, Federal Focus and Multinational Business Services.

These two lobbying operations worked for both the chemical and the tobacco industries for many years.  Philip Morris renewed their request for a tax-free gift of $200,000 each year.
Che with descender
Che with descender (Ҷ ҷ; italics: Ҷ ҷ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. Its form is derived from the Cyrillic letter Che (Ч ч Ч ч). In the ISO 9 system of romanization, Che with descender is transliterated using the Latin letter C-cedilla (Ç ç).

Che with descender is used in the alphabets of the following languages:

Che with descender corresponds in other Cyrillic alphabets to the digraphs ⟨дж⟩ or ⟨чж⟩, or to the letters Che with vertical stroke (Ҹ ҹ), Dzhe (Џ џ), Khakassian Che (Ӌ ӌ), Zhe with breve (Ӂ ӂ), Zhe with diaeresis (Ӝ ӝ), or Zhje (Җ җ).

In the Surgut dialect of the Khanty language and in the Tofa language, che with descender is sometimes used in place of che with hook, which has not yet been encoded in Unicode.

Tofa language
Tofa (Tofa: Тоъфа дыл Tòfa dıl), also known as Tofalar or Karagas, is a Turkic language spoken in Russia's Irkutsk Oblast by the Tofalar, an indigenous people of the region. Tofa forms a dialect continuum with the closely related Tuvan language, and shares many features with Tuvan. Tofa is a critically endangered language, as classified by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger, and recent estimates for speakers run from 67 to fewer than 40 individuals. Only 3 people can speak it fluently.
2008 NASCAR Nationwide Series
The 2008 NASCAR Nationwide Series was the 27th season of the NASCAR Nationwide Series, the second national professional stock car racing series sanctioned by NASCAR in the United States. The season began on February 16 at Daytona International Speedway with the Camping World 300, and ended on November 15 at Homestead–Miami Speedway with the Ford 300. This was the first season in which NASCAR's second national series was known as the Nationwide Series, ending the 26-year sponsorship by Anheuser-Busch's Busch Beer. The seven-year agreement gives Nationwide Insurance the exclusive rights to tie its brand to NASCAR's second most popular racing series.

Brad Keselowski
Bradley Aaron Keselowski (/kɛzˈlaʊski/; born February 12, 1984) is an American professional stock car racing driver, team owner, and entrepreneur. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 6 Ford Mustang Dark Horse for RFK Racing, a team he also co-owns. He was the owner of Brad Keselowski Racing, which fielded two full-time trucks in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series for 10 years.

Keselowski, who began his NASCAR career in 2004, is the second of only six drivers to win a championship in both the Cup Series and the Xfinity Series and the twenty-fifth driver to win a race in each of NASCAR's three national series.

Keselowski is the owner and founder of Keselowski Advanced Manufacturing, a hybrid manufacturing company based in Statesville, North Carolina, specializing in additive metal technologies as well as CNC machining.
Massacre of Puerto Montt
The massacre of Puerto Montt (also known as the slaughter of Pampa Irigoin) occurred on March 9, 1969, in Llanquihue, Chile. It took place under the Christian Democrat government of Eduardo Frei Montalva. During the massacre, ten inhabitants of the province died at the hands of Chilean police officers (including a nine-month-old baby who died from inhaling tear gas) and another seventy people (between carabineros and occupants) were wounded to varying degrees. The political responsibilities for what happened have long been the subject of controversy in Chile, with much of the blame being placed on then Minister of the Interior Edmundo Pérez Zujovic, who would be assassinated in revenge two years later by the far-left urban guerrilla organization Vanguardia Organizada del Pueblo (VOP).

Eduardo Frei Montalva
Eduardo Nicanor Frei Montalva OMCh (Spanish pronunciation: [eˈðwaɾðo fɾej monˈtalβa]; 16 January 1911 – 22 January 1982) was a Chilean political leader. In his long political career, he was Minister of Public Works, president of his Christian Democratic Party, senator, President of the Senate, and the 28th president of Chile from 1964 to 1970. His eldest son, Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle, also became president of Chile (1994–2000).

Said political party supported the Armed Forces intervention to remove his successor Salvador Allende from office in 1973, after the Chamber of Deputies, on 22 August 1973, accused Allende of violating the Constitution. He was later a vocal opponent of the Augusto Pinochet regime. On 22 January 1982, Frei died in Santiago, Chile, following surgery. Assassination was suspected by some but has never been proven.
On 18 August 2023, the Supreme Court ruled out the assassination charges and declared innocent all those accused.
Scaliolidae
Scaliolidae, common name scaliolids, is a family of small sea snails, marine gastropod molluscs or micromollusks in the superfamily Cerithioidea, the ceriths and their allies.

Sand grains agglutinate to the teleoconch in the type genus Scaliola.

Cerithioidea
The Cerithioidea is a superfamily of marine, brackish water and freshwater gastropod containing more than 200 genera. The Cerithioidea are included unassigned in the subclass Caenogastropoda. The original name of this superfamily was Cerithiacea, in keeping with common superfamily endings at the time.
Ileocecal fold
The ileocecal fold (or ileocaecal fold) is an anatomical structure of the human abdomen formed by a layer of peritoneum between the ileum and  cecum. The upper border of the ileocecal fold is fixed to the ileum opposite its mesenteric attachment, and the lower border passes over the ileocecal junction to join the mesentery of the appendix (and sometimes the appendix itself as well). Behind the ileocecal fold is the inferior ileocecal fossa.

The ileocecal fold is also called a ligament, veil, or bloodless fold of Treves (after English surgeon Sir Frederick Treves). Despite the latter name, the ileocecal fold in fact often contains a vessel.

Ileum
The ileum (/ˈɪliəm/) is the final section of the small intestine in most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds. In fish, the divisions of the small intestine are not as clear and the terms posterior intestine or distal intestine may be used instead of ileum. Its main function is to absorb vitamin B12, bile salts, and whatever products of digestion that were not absorbed by the jejunum.

The ileum follows the duodenum and jejunum and is separated from the cecum by the ileocecal valve (ICV). In humans, the ileum is about 2–4 m long, and the pH is usually between 7 and 8 (neutral or slightly basic).

Ileum is derived from the Greek word εἰλεός (eileós), referring to a medical condition known as ileus.