hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Head-marking language
A language is head-marking if the grammatical marks showing agreement between different words of a phrase tend to be placed on the heads (or nuclei) of phrases, rather than on the modifiers or dependents. Many languages employ both head-marking and dependent-marking, and some languages double up and are thus double-marking. The concept of head/dependent-marking was proposed by Johanna Nichols in 1986 and has come to be widely used as a basic category in linguistic typology.

Head (linguistics)
In linguistics, the head or nucleus of a phrase is the word that determines the syntactic category of that phrase. For example, the head of the noun phrase "boiling hot water" is the noun (head noun) "water".

Analogously, the head of a compound is the stem that determines the semantic category of that compound. For example, the head of the compound noun "handbag" is "bag", since a handbag is a bag, not a hand.

The other elements of the phrase or compound modify the head, and are therefore the head's dependents. Headed phrases and compounds are called endocentric, whereas exocentric ("headless") phrases and compounds (if they exist) lack a clear head.

Heads are crucial to establishing the direction of branching. Head-initial phrases are right-branching, head-final phrases are left-branching, and head-medial phrases combine left- and right-branching.
Aynur Imanova
Aynur Imanova (née Kerimova; Azerbaijani: Aynur Imanova; born (1988-12-07)7 December 1988) is an Azerbaijani female volleyball player who currently plays for and captains Azerrail Baku in Azerbaijan Superleague.

Imanova has played for Azerbaijan women's national volleyball team since 2006 and has been part of the squad at the 2006 and 2018 FIVB World Championships, as well as 6 editions of the European Championship (2007, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017).

Azerbaijan women's national volleyball team
The Azerbaijan women's national volleyball team (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan qadın milli voleybol komandası) is governed by the Azerbaijan Volleyball Federation (AVF) and represents Azerbaijan in international CEV and FIVB tournaments.
Melchiorre Cafà
Melchiorre Cafà (born Melchiorre Gafà; 1636–1667) was a Maltese Baroque sculptor. Cafà began a promising career in Rome but this was cut short by his premature death following a work accident. He was the older brother of the architect Lorenzo Gafà.

Sant'Agnese in Agone
Sant'Agnese in Agone (also called Sant'Agnese in Piazza Navona) is a 17th-century Baroque church in Rome, Italy. It faces onto the Piazza Navona, one of the main urban spaces in the historic centre of the city and the site where the Early Christian Saint Agnes was martyred in the ancient Stadium of Domitian. Construction began in 1652 under the architects Girolamo Rainaldi and his son Carlo Rainaldi. After numerous quarrels, the other main architect involved was Francesco Borromini.

The church is a titular deaconry, with Gerhard Ludwig Müller being the current Cardinal-Deacon.  As well as religious services, the church hosts regular classical concerts in the Borromini Sacristy, from sacred Baroque works to chamber music and operas.
Jakarta Expression Language
The Jakarta Expression Language (EL; formerly Expression Language and Unified Expression Language) is a special purpose programming language mostly used in Jakarta EE web applications for embedding and evaluating expressions in web pages.
The specification writers and expert groups of the Java EE web-tier technologies have worked on a unified expression language which was first included in the JSP 2.1 specification (JSR-245), and later specified by itself in JSR-341, part of Java EE 7.

Jakarta EE
Jakarta EE, formerly Java Platform, Enterprise Edition (Java EE) and Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition (J2EE), is a set of specifications, extending Java SE with specifications for enterprise features such as distributed computing and web services. Jakarta EE applications are run on reference runtimes, which can be microservices or application servers, which handle transactions, security, scalability, concurrency and management of the components they are deploying.

Jakarta EE is defined by its specification. The specification defines APIs (application programming interface) and their interactions. As with other Java Community Process specifications, providers must meet certain conformance requirements in order to declare their products as Jakarta EE compliant.

Examples of contexts in which Jakarta EE referencing runtimes are used are: e-commerce, accounting, banking information systems.
Ben Target
Ben Target is a UK based alternative comedian who won the Leicester Mercury Comedian of the Year in 2011.

Target is renowned for his absurdist approach to comedy and has been gaining a cult following on the UK circuit since 2010. His shows are well known for being, surreal, absurd and different, often utilising storytelling and props to punctuate his narratives. In 2011 he found success as joint winner of the Leicester Mercury Comedy award alongside Tom Rosenthal. The following year he was nominated for the Fosters Comedy Award newcomer.

Target is a regular performer at some of the most prestigious alternative comedy clubs in the UK, including ACMS, Weirdos and the Invisible Dot. In 2012 Target featured on BBC Three's Comedy at the Fringe.

In 2023, Target performed a new show, Lorenzo, as part of the Edinburgh Festival Fringe. The show tells the story of how he gave up comedy in 2020 to become a live-in carer for his non-biological Uncle Lorenzo.

Tom Rosenthal (actor)
Thomas Alan Smith Rosenthal (born 14 January 1988) is an English actor, comedian and writer. He is best known for his television roles as Jonny Goodman in Friday Night Dinner (2011–2020) and Marcus Gallo in Plebs (2013–2022). He has written and performed three stand-up comedy shows: Child of Privilege (2011), благодаря (2013), and Manhood (2019–2020), the latter of which received critical acclaim at the 2019 Edinburgh Fringe Festival.
1949 NAFC Championship
The 1949 NAFC Championship was the second edition of the association football championship for the North American Football Confederation.

In 1949, the NAFC Championship served both as a regional championship as well as the regional qualification tournament for the 1950 FIFA World Cup and was held in Mexico City. Four teams were invited, Cuba, Mexico, Canada and the United States, but Canada did not send a team.

Mexico easily topped the standings, going undefeated and outscoring the two other teams seventeen goals to two. The United States came in second and Cuba, winless in its four games, was third. As the top two teams qualified for the World Cup, Mexico and the U.S. went to the finals in Brazil. Mexico also qualified to the 1952 Panamerican Championship in Chile.

Jack Hynes (soccer)
John Hynes (1920 – 3 August 2013) was an American soccer forward. He spent over twenty years in the American Soccer League, twice earning league MVP recognition.  In 1949, he earned four caps with the United States men's national soccer team.  In addition to playing professional soccer, Hynes was a New York City fireman from 1947 to 1975 and served in the U.S. Army in World War II.  He is a member of the National Soccer Hall of Fame.
Diamond City, Alberta
Diamond City is a hamlet in southern Alberta, Canada within the Lethbridge County. It is located on Highway 25, approximately 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) north of Lethbridge. The community was so named on account of deposits of coal near the original town site, a resource also called "black diamond".

Diamond City was first settled at the turn of the 20th century by farmers, ranchers and miners. The community grew rapidly when a coal mine was opened in 1905. Previously an incorporated town, Diamond City dissolved on June 30, 1937.

Alberta Highway 25
Highway 25 is a highway in southern Alberta, Canada, north of Lethbridge.

Highway 25 begins at an interchange with Highway 3 on the northwestern outskirts of Lethbridge.  University Drive extends south into West Lethbridge as a major thoroughfare, but is not designated as Highway 25.

It proceeds north passing by the hamlets of Diamond City and Shaughnessy until it comes to Highway 519 where it turns east and then goes north just after the Town of Picture Butte. It continues north until it reaches Highway 843 where it turns east again. It passes by the Hamlet of Iron Springs; crosses Highway 845; and reaches the Hamlet of Turin.

Just north of Turin, Highway 521 branches off to the east as Highway 25 moves north and ends when it meets Highway 526 west of the Hamlet of Enchant.
Michael Goreseb
Michael Bantu Goreseb (22 April 1955 - 8 August 2022). He was  a Namibian politician.

He was a member of the United Democratic Front, Goreseb and served as a member of the National Assembly of Namibia since the 2004 parliamentary election until his death in 2021.

In the National Assembly, the Erongo Region native has been a member of the Standing Committee on Economics, Natural Resources and Public Administration, as well as the Standing Committee on Human Resources, Social and Community Development. Prior to entering national politics, Goreseb was mayor and town councillor of Usakos, Erongo from 1998 to 2003. In 1994, Goreseb earned a Diploma in Education from Windhoek College of Education.

Windhoek College of Education
The Windhoek College of Education (now known as the University of Namibia Khomasdal campus) is a public university in Khomasdal, Windhoek, Namibia. It opened in 1978 and is one of four national colleges of education in the country.
Blue Water (film)
Blue Water is a lost 1924 Canadian silent film directed by David Hartford and starring Pierre Gendron, Jane Thomas, and Norma Shearer. It is the last feature produced by Ernest Shipman, and is the Montreal-born, future MGM star Shearer's only Canadian film. It had a commercial release in Saint John, New Brunswick, where it was shot, but no print is known to exist. The film failed to succeed commercially, marking Shipman's decline in success until his death in 1931. Without being distributed, the film was stored in a New York vault.

The film has no surviving copies, making it a lost film.

Jane Thomas (actress)
Jane Thomas (1899–1976) was an American film actress of the silent era. She starred in a number of independent films during the early 1920s, including Heedless Moths where she doubled for the model Audrey Munson in the acting scenes.
Neepsend engine shed
53°23′40″N 1°28′30″W﻿ / ﻿53.39444°N 1.47500°W﻿ / 53.39444; -1.47500
Neepsend engine shed was an engine shed in Neepsend, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, England. It was built by the Sheffield, Ashton-under-Lyne and Manchester Railway to provide and service locomotives for passenger trains originating or changing at Sheffield Victoria and goods trains from various outlets within the area. The shed was built around 400 yards on the Sheffield side (southeast) of Neepsend railway station. The shed was situated on the north side of the line between Bardwell Road and Rutland Road. It began as a four road stone building with a double pitched slate roof.

Neepsend
Neepsend is a suburb of the city of Sheffield, located just 1 mile (1.6 km) north-west of the city centre. The main area of Neepsend covers the flood plain of the River Don from Lady's Bridge at the Wicker up to Hillfoot Bridge. The suburb falls within Sheffield's City Ward. The adjacent district of Parkwood Springs is often regarded as part of the suburb.
ISU Junior World Challenge Cup
The ISU Junior World Challenge Cup was an international synchronized skating competition that determined the best junior teams in the world. Held for the first time in 2001, the competition was sanctioned by International Skating Union. From 2013 to 2016, after the 2013 launch of the World Junior Championships which was to be held in odd-numbered years, the event was held bi-annually in even-numbered years. However, because the World Junior Championships have been held annually since 2017, the last ISU Junior World Challenge Cup took place in 2016.

Synchronized skating
Synchronized skating, often called synchro, is an ice skating sport where between 8 and 20 skaters perform together as a team. They move as a flowing unit at high speed over the ice, while performing elements and footwork.

This complex sport originated in 1956 and was initially called "precision skating" due to its emphasis on the maintenance of intricate and precise formations and the requirement of precise timing from all members of the group. Synchronized skating is now well-established as an organized sport in several European countries with several of them having produced teams who frequently win championships at the international level. As of 2022, there are more than 600 synchro teams in United States alone.
Koprivnica-Križevci County
Koprivnica-Križevci County (Croatian: Koprivničko-križevačka županija [kǒpriːʋnit͡ʃko-krǐːʒeʋat͡ʃkaː ʒupǎnija]; Hungarian: Kapronca-Kőrös megye) is a county in Northern Croatia. Its hyphenated name comes from two entities: the two of its largest cities, Koprivnica and Križevci; Koprivnica is the official capital of the county.

The county also includes a third town, Đurđevac, but its population is much smaller than the main two (7,378 in 2021).

The Koprivnica-Križevci County borders on the Međimurje County in the north, Varaždin County in the northwest, Zagreb County in the southwest, Bjelovar-Bilogora County in the south, Virovitica-Podravina County in the southeast and Hungary in the east.

Northern Croatia
Northern Croatia or North Croatia (Croatian: Sjeverna Hrvatska, pronounced [sjêʋeːrnaː xř̩ʋaːtskaː]) refers to the northern parts of Croatia, encompassing Zagreb, Varaždin, Međimurje, Zagorje and Koprivnica-Križevci counties, including the cities of Zagreb, Varaždin, Čakovec, Krapina, Koprivnica and Križevci. The region is home to the Kajkavian dialect, which some consider to be a separate language of its own. The region borders Hungary to its north-east and Slovenia to its north-west.
Hal Kanter
Hal Kanter (December 18, 1918 – November 6, 2011) was an American writer, producer and director, principally for comedy actors such as Bob Hope, Jerry Lewis, and Elvis Presley (in Loving You and Blue Hawaii), for both feature films and television. Kanter helped Tennessee Williams turn the play by Williams into the film version of The Rose Tattoo. He was regularly credited as a writer for the Academy Award broadcasts. Kanter was also the creator and executive producer of the television series Julia.

Julia (1968 TV series)
Julia is an American television sitcom that debuted in 1968. The show starred actress and singer Diahann Carroll in the first American television series to star an African American woman whose character was not a servant or slave in the lead role, and ran for 86 episodes on NBC from September 17, 1968, to March 23, 1971. The series was produced by Savannah Productions, Inc., Hanncarr Productions, Inc., and 20th Century-Fox Television.

During pre-production, the proposed series title was Mama's Man. The series was among the few situation comedies in the late 1960s that did not use a laugh track; however, 20th Century-Fox Television added one when the series was reissued for syndication and cable rebroadcasts in the late 1980s.

Julia was among the first acquisitions made by ASPiRE for its inaugural season in 2012.
2025 Asia Rugby Championship
The 2025 Asia Rugby Championship is the ninth annual rugby union series for Asia Rugby. The tournament features Hong Kong, South Korea, and the United Arab Emirates, with Sri Lanka returning for the first time since 2014 following their Championship playoff victory against the fourth placed team from 2024, Malaysia. Malaysia joins the other Asian nations played in the lower-tier division tournaments.

United Arab Emirates national rugby union team
The United Arab Emirates national rugby union team represents the United Arab Emirates in rugby union and is governed by the United Arab Emirates Rugby Federation. They were once part of the Arabian Gulf team which consisted of players from the Gulf Cooperation Countries on the Arabian Peninsula, but the team disbanded in 2010 following a reorganization of rugby in the region by the International Rugby Board (now World Rugby).

The United Arab Emirates Rugby Federation became the first union formed following the disbantion of the Arabian Gulf team, and in 2011, they were granted membership into the Asian Rugby Football Union (now Asia Rugby) and, following a successful bid, were granted full membership in World Rugby in November 2012.
Brookfield Place (New York City)
Brookfield Place (previously named and still commonly referred to as the World Financial Center) is a shopping center and office building complex in the New York City borough of Manhattan. It is located in the Battery Park City neighborhood, across West Street from the World Trade Center, and overlooks the Hudson River. The complex is currently owned and managed by Brookfield Properties, a subsidiary of Brookfield Asset Management.

Brookfield Properties
Brookfield Properties is a North American subsidiary of commercial real estate firm Brookfield Property Partners, which itself is a subsidiary of alternative asset management company Brookfield Corporation. It is responsible for the asset management of the company's real estate portfolio, including office, multi-family residential, retail, hospitality, and logistics buildings.

The assets of shopping mall operator GGP were integrated into Brookfield Properties after its acquisition by Brookfield Property Partners in 2018. Brookfield reverted to the GGP brand for its American retail business in 2026, thus, GGP is considered a subsidiary of Brookfield Properties. As of 2024, Brookfield Properties operates corporate offices in nine countries around the world, including China, India, Germany and the U.S.
Side Brok
Side Brok is a Norwegian rap group from Ørsta, in western Norway. The members of Side Brok are Sjef R, his alter ego Thorstein Hyl III, Skatebård, Tore B, Odd G and Tunk. The group received the Nynorsk User of the Year award in 2004.

Skatebård
Skatebård is the pseudonym of the Norwegian DJ and producer Bård Aasen Lødemel. Skatebård was born in 1976 in Harstad, grew up in Hovdebygda, but has since relocated to Bergen. Skatebård is well known for being a part of the hip-hop act Side Brok formed together with Sjef R and Thorstein Hyl III, but he is also a notable electronic artist who generally fits into the Italo disco genre. Skatebård is the founder of the record label Digitalo Enterprises.
North Carolina Science Festival
The North Carolina Science Festival (NCSF) is a month-long, yearly celebration encompassing hundreds of  events throughout the state of North Carolina. The festival is organized by Morehead Planetarium and Science Center on the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill campus with the goal of highlighting the educational, cultural and economic impact of science in the state. NCSF events include hands-on activities, talks, lab tours, exhibits and performances for all ages.  The event has grown into the largest science festival in the world.

Morehead Planetarium and Science Center
Morehead Planetarium and Science Center is located on the campus of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. As a unit of the university, Morehead receives about one-third of its funding through state sources, one-third through ticket and gift sales, and one-third through gifts and grants.

First opened in 1949, the dome theater in planetarium was used to train astronauts from the Gemini, Apollo, Mercury, Skylab, and Apollo-Soyuz missions in celestial navigation. Eleven of the twelve astronauts who walked on the Moon trained at Morehead Planetarium. Until the late 1990s, it contained one of the largest working Copernican orreries in the world. The facility was donated to the university by alumnus John Motley Morehead III who invested more than $3 million in the facility.
Alcántara Bridge
The Alcántara Bridge (also known as Trajan's Bridge at Alcantara) is a Roman bridge  at Alcántara, in Extremadura, Spain.  Alcántara  is from the Arabic word al-Qantarah (القنطرة) meaning "the arch". The stone arch bridge was built over the Tagus River between 104 and 106 AD by an order of the Roman emperor Trajan in 98.

Alcántara
Alcántara (Spanish: [alˈkan.ta.ɾa] ⓘ) is a municipality in the province of Cáceres, Extremadura, Spain, on the Tagus, near Portugal. The toponym is from the Arabic word al-Qanṭarah (القنطرة) meaning "the bridge".
Greek National Road 42
National Road 42 (Greek: Εθνική Οδός 42) is a highway in northwestern Aetolia-Acarnania and in Lefkada, Greece. It links the town of Lefkada with the Greek National Road 5 (Antirrio - Arta - Ioannina) in Amfilochia, passing through the town of Vonitsa.

The eastern part of the GR-42, between Amfilochia and Vonitsa, runs along the southern shore of the Ambracian Gulf. The highway contains a bridge over the Vonitsa Lagoon. A drawbridge form the connection of the island of Lefkada to the mainland. The road ends in the town of Lefkada.

Lefkada
Lefkada (Greek: Λευκάδα, Lefkáda, [lefˈkaða]), also known as Lefkas or Leukas (Ancient Greek and Katharevousa: Λευκάς, Leukás, modern pronunciation Lefkás) and Leucadia, is a Greek island in the Ionian Sea on the west coast of Greece, connected to the mainland by a long causeway and floating bridge. The principal town of the island and seat of the municipality is Lefkada. It is situated in the northern part of the island, approximately 25 minutes by automobile away from Aktion National Airport. The island is part of the regional unit of Lefkada.
Summer Storm (2004 film)
Summer Storm (German: Sommersturm) is a 2004 German coming-of-age comedy-drama film directed by Marco Kreuzpaintner, starring Robert Stadlober, Kostja Ullmann, Alicja Bachleda-Curuś, and Miriam Morgenstern. The story is set to the background of a rowing regatta, which climaxes into a summer storm.

Rosenstolz
Rosenstolz (German pronunciation: [ˈʁoːzənʃtɔlts]) was a German pop duo from Berlin that was active between 1991 and 2012 and had chart hits in Germany, Austria and Switzerland. The duo consisted of singer AnNa R. and musician Peter Plate, who occasionally provided vocals. Rosenstolz achieved major chart success after the nineties, with five studio albums going to No. 1 in the German albums chart. Although the duo split up to pursue separate music careers, they left open the possibility of a future reunion. AnNa R. died unexpectedly in March 2025.

Rosenstolz's music was described by critics as containing elements of various genres, including pop and chanson. However, comparisons with Schlager were strongly disputed by the duo, who defined themselves simply as a pop group. Rosenstolz's repertoire included ballads and quirky pop songs, though later years saw the duo eschewing their quirky side. Common themes in the songs written by Rosenstolz were sex, love and emotions.
Da Granto Farò il Cantanto
Da Granto Farò il Cantanto (Italian for "When I grow up, I'll be a singer") is the third studio album release by Neapolitan parody singer-songwriter Tony Tammaro. The words Granto and Cantanto are written in a wrong way because you may write Grande and Cantante in correct Italian.

Tony Tammaro
Vincenzo Sarnelli (born January 7, 1961), known by the stage name Tony Tammaro, is an Italian parody singer-songwriter. The main theme of Tammaro's lyrics are tamarri, a term taken from Neapolitan dialect which indicates someone who is vulgar, miseducated, and often boasting a flourishing behaviour. The term could also be translated as "rednecks".