hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alan IV, Duke of Brittany
Alan IV (c. 1063 – 13 October 1119) was Duke of Brittany from 1072 until his abdication in 1112. He was also Count of Nantes (from c. 1103) and Count of Rennes. His parents were Duchess Hawise and Duke Hoel II. He is also known as Alan Fergant. Through his father, he was of the Breton House of Cornouaille dynasty (Breton: Kerne dynasty). He was the last Breton-speaking Duke of Brittany.

County of Nantes
The counts of Nantes were originally the Frankish rulers of the Nantais under the Carolingians and eventually a capital city of the Duchy of Brittany. Their county served as a march against the Bretons of the Vannetais. Carolingian rulers would sometimes attack Brittany through the region of the Vannetais, making Nantes a strategic asset. In the mid-ninth century, the county finally fell to the Bretons and the title became a subsidiary title of the Breton rulers. The control of the title by the Breton dukes figured prominently in the history of the duchy. The County of Nantes was given to Hoel, a disinherited son of a duke. He lost the countship due to a popular uprising. That uprising presented an opportunity for King Henry II of England to attack the Breton duke. In the treaty ending their conflicts, the Breton duke awarded the county to Henry II.
École pratique des hautes études
The École pratique des hautes études (French pronunciation: [ekɔl pʁatik de ot.z‿etyd]), abbreviated EPHE, is a French postgraduate top level educational institution, a Grand Établissement.

EPHE is a constituent college of the Université PSL (together with ENS Ulm, Paris Dauphine or École des Mines). The college is closely linked to École française d'Extrême-Orient and Institut français du Proche-Orient.

Prominent researchers in military strategy have taught in EPHE in the past such as Hervé Coutau-Bégarie. In addition, researchers in natural sciences (including neurosciences and chemistry) teach at EPHE (among them Jean Baptiste Charcot and Marcellin Berthelot).

Paris Sciences et Lettres University
PSL University (PSL or in French Université PSL, for Paris Sciences et Lettres) is a Grand établissement based in Paris, France. It was established in 2010 and formally created as a university in 2019. It is a collegiate university with 11 constituent schools, with the oldest founded in 1530. PSL is located in central Paris, with its main sites in the Latin Quarter, at the Montagne Sainte-Geneviève Campus, at the Jourdan Campus, at Dauphine Campus, at Condorcet Campus, and at Carré Richelieu.

PSL awards Bachelor's, Master's, and PhD diplomas for its constituent schools and institutes. It offers an education based on research and interdisciplinary instruction, and its 17,000 students have access to a broad range of disciplines in science, engineering, humanities, social sciences, fine art and performing arts.

PSL alumni and staff include 28 Nobel laureates, 11 Fields Medalists, 3 Abel laureates, 49 CNRS Gold Medalists, 50 César winners and 79 Molière winners.
Smart Flesh
Smart Flesh is the third studio album by American indie folk band the Low Anthem, released on February 22, 2011 on Bella Union in UK/Europe and Nonesuch Records in US. The majority of the album was recorded in an abandoned pasta sauce factory in Central Falls, Rhode Island, near the band's hometown of Providence, Rhode Island. Smart Flesh is the only album to feature multi-instrumentalist Mat Davidson, who left the band during the album's promotional tour.

A numbered, letterpress printed version of the album was issued upon release, containing an additional disc with three "passable strays that missed the cut." The bonus track, "Dreams Can Chase You Down", is written by former member Dan Lefkowitz.

Twain (musician)
Mat Davidson, better known by his stage name Twain, is an American alternative country musician from Brooklyn, New York. Davidson has released five full-length albums as Twain. Davidson is a former member of the bands the Low Anthem and Spirit Family Reunion.
Balje, Lower Saxony
Balje (German pronunciation: [ˈbaljə]) is a municipality in the district of Stade, in Lower Saxony, Germany.

It belonged to the Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen. In 1648 the Prince-Archbishopric was transformed into the Duchy of Bremen, which was first ruled in personal union by the Swedish and from 1715 on by the Hanoverian Crown. In 1823 the Duchy was abolished and its territory became part of the Stade Region.

Bremen-Verden
Bremen-Verden, formally the Duchies of Bremen and Verden (German pronunciation: [ˈfɛɐ̯dən]; German: Herzogtümer Bremen und Verden), were two territories and immediate fiefs of the Holy Roman Empire, which emerged and gained imperial immediacy in 1180. By their original constitution they were prince-bishoprics of the Archdiocese of Bremen and Bishopric of Verden.

In 1648, both prince-bishoprics were secularised, meaning that they were transformed into hereditary monarchies by constitution, and from then on both the Duchy of Bremen and the Duchy of Verden were always ruled in personal union, initially by the royal houses of Sweden, the House of Vasa and the House of Palatinate-Zweibrücken, and later by the House of Hanover.

With the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire in 1806, Bremen-Verden's status as fiefs of imperial immediacy became void; as they had been in personal union with the neighbouring Kingdom of Hanover, they were incorporated into that state.
100 Great People Who Made Korea Shine
"100 Great People Who Made Korea Shine" (Korean: 한국을 빛낸 100명의 위인들; RR: Hangugeul binnaen 100myeongui wiindeul) is a children's song composed by Park Moon-young and sung by Choi Young-Jun and college choir group Nosasa. The song was released in 1991 in an album of the same name. The song lists 100 historical figures in a rough chronological order, both real and mythical. The song enjoys wide recognition from the South Korean public, though some of its list inclusions have been controversial.

Park Moon-young
Park Moon-young (Korean: 박문영; born 1952) is a South Korean lyricist, composer, singer, guitarist, producer, music critic and writer. During his career as a lyricist and composer, he used the stage name Park In-ho (박인호) and the pen name Moon Young (문영) during his career as a writer.
2008 NAPA Auto Parts 200
The 2008 NAPA Auto Parts 200 presented by Dodge race was the second running of the NAPA Auto Parts 200, a discontinued NASCAR Nationwide Series race held on August 2, 2008, at Circuit Gilles Villeneuve in Montreal, Quebec. The race was the 23rd of the 2008 NASCAR Nationwide Series season.

The pole position was won by Scott Pruett of Chip Ganassi Racing, while the race was won by JR Motorsports' Ron Fellows. The race was the first points race in NASCAR history to be run with grooved rain tires.

Marcos Ambrose
Marcos Ross Ambrose (born 1 September 1976) is an Australian former racing driver and current Garry Rogers Motorsport competition director. He won the Australian V8 Supercar series' championship in 2003 and 2004.

In 2006, Ambrose relocated to the United States to pursue racing in NASCAR, starting with the Craftsman Truck Series. He moved up to the Nationwide Series in 2007, and later the Sprint Cup Series in 2008. He is known in NASCAR for having won a total of 6 races at Watkins Glen International. In the Sprint Cup Series, he won at the Glen in 2011 and 2012, and in the Nationwide Series, he won at the Glen in 2008, 2009, 2010, and 2014. He is the first Australian driver to win in the highest level of NASCAR.
The House Gun
The House Gun is a novel by the South African writer Nadine Gordimer. It was first published in South Africa in 1998.

The novel is set in Johannesburg in 1996, in the post-apartheid and focuses on the upper-middle-class white family, Harald Lindgard, his wife Claudia, and their adult son, Duncan. As the novel progresses, Duncan stands trial for murder and the family rely on a black defense lawyer. Amid the trial, homosexuality emerges as a theme as does the death penalty and its place in a democratic South Africa.

Regarding the reliance of the couple on their lawyer, literary critics have drawn comparisons to Gordimer's 1981 novel, July's People, in which an affluent white couple become dependent on their black servant who shelters them when South Africa descends into civil war.

Nadine Gordimer
Nadine Gordimer (20 November 1923 – 13 July 2014) was a South African writer and political activist. She received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1991, recognised as a writer "who through her magnificent epic writing has ... been of very great benefit to humanity".

Gordimer was one of the most honoured female writers of her generation. She received the Booker Prize for The Conservationist (1974), and the Central News Agency Literary Award for The Conservationist, Burger's Daughter (1979) and July's People (1981).

Gordimer's writing dealt with moral and racial issues, particularly apartheid in South Africa. Under that regime, works such as Burger's Daughter were banned. She was active in the anti-apartheid movement, joining the African National Congress during the days when the organisation was banned, and gave Nelson Mandela advice on his famous 1964 defence speech at the trial which led to his conviction for life. She later became active in HIV/AIDS causes.
Lou Bierbauer
Louis W. Bierbauer (September 28, 1865 – January 31, 1926) was an American professional baseball player. He was a second baseman in Major League Baseball during the late 1880s and 1890s. Over that period of time, he played for the Philadelphia Athletics of the American Association before joining many other major leaguers in jumping to the Brooklyn Ward's Wonders in the newly formed Players' League for the 1890 season, a league which folded after just one year of play.

Brooklyn Ward's Wonders
The Brooklyn Ward's Wonders were a baseball team who played in the Players' League in 1890. The team's nickname derived from its superstar shortstop, hall of famer John Montgomery Ward. The team finished with a 76–56 record, finishing in second place. Other notable players for Brooklyn that year were Dave Orr, Lou Bierbauer, George Van Haltren, and Gus Weyhing. The team folded after the season along with the entire league. The team played its home games at Eastern Park.
Isaiah 63
Isaiah 63 is the sixty-third chapter of the Book of Isaiah in the Hebrew Bible or the Old Testament of the Christian Bible. This book contains the prophecies attributed to the prophet Isaiah, and is one of the Books of the Prophets. Chapters 56-66 are often referred to as Trito-Isaiah.

Busaira, Jordan
Busaira (Arabic: بُصَيْرا, romanized: buṣayrā; also Busayra, Busairah or Buseirah) is a town in Tafilah Governorate, Jordan, located between the towns of Tafilah (Tophel) and Shoubak and closer to the latter. Bozrah (Hebrew: בׇּצְרָה Boṣrā; also Botsra, Botzrah, Buzrak) is a biblical city identified by some researchers with an archaeological site situated in the town of Busaira.
Jerome T. Youngman
Jerome T. Youngman, born Thomas Cass Youngman, (September 15, 1951 – December 21, 2024), was an American rock musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer, best known for his hits, "Creeps at my Door" and "Blood for Oil", and TV host of the Talk show Bring it to Jerome.
Youngman's musical influences were Igor Stravinsky, John Lee Hooker, Rolling Stones, Bo Diddley, The Fugs, Philip Glass, The Velvet Underground, and Brian Eno.

Loy Norrix High School
Loy Norrix High School is a high school located in Kalamazoo, Michigan, serving students from grades nine through twelve. It is one of two high schools in the Kalamazoo Public Schools district. The student body totals at approximately 1,550. The school is named for a former superintendent of Kalamazoo Public Schools and opened in 1961. Loy Norrix students are eligible for the Kalamazoo Promise, which provides reduced or free college tuition for students attending public and private colleges in Michigan.
1913 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The 1913 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was the 27th staging of Ireland's premier Gaelic football knock-out competition. In the Leinster final Wexford ended Louth's day as All Ireland champions. Kerry were the winners.

Louth county football team
The Louth county football team represents Louth in men's Gaelic football and is governed by Louth GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the Leinster Senior Football Championship and the National Football League.

Louth's home ground for League matches is currently DEFY Páirc Mhuire, Ardee. Home fixtures in the All-Ireland Championship will be played at Inniskeen Grattans' pitch in Monaghan. As of April 2025, plans are progressing on a permanent base for the county side in Dundalk.

The county senior team manager is Gavin Devlin.

The team are the reigning Leinster Senior Football champions, having won the 2025 final against Meath to secure a first title since 1957. Their most recent All-Ireland Senior Championship title was in 1957. Louth has never won a National Football League Division 1 title, finishing runners-up once in 1948-49.
Pete Constant
Pete Constant (born October 22, 1963) is an American politician from California, formerly a councilmember for District 1 of the San Jose, California city council. Constant is a former San Jose police officer (1989–2000) and has owned several photography businesses. He was elected to the city council during the June 2006 primary election and was inaugurated in January 2007.

Saint Mary's College of California
Saint Mary's College of California is a private Catholic college in Moraga, California, United States. Established in 1863, it is administered by the De La Salle Brothers. The college offers undergraduate and graduate programs with a total student count at under 4,000 as of 2018.
Anders Fogh Rasmussen II Cabinet
Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen retained his parliamentary support in the 2005 Danish parliamentary election, and was able to continue as head of his government. On 18 February 2005, he presented his updated cabinet, the Cabinet of Anders Fogh Rasmussen II. One of the main issues of the cabinet was administrative reform that slashed the number of municipalities and replaced the thirteen counties with five regions.

Anders Fogh Rasmussen has referred to the reform as the biggest reform in thirty years. Furthermore, a reform of the police and judicial systems was initiated in January 2007, changing the numbers of police districts and city courts from 54 to 12 and 82 to 22 respectively. Rasmussen retained parliamentary support in the 2007 election and continued as Prime Minister in the Cabinet of Anders Fogh Rasmussen III, formed on 23 November 2007.

2005 Danish general election
General elections were held in Denmark on 8 February 2005. Prime Minister Anders Fogh Rasmussen's Venstre remained the largest party in the Folketing and his governing coalition with the Conservative People's Party remained intact, with the Danish People's Party providing the parliamentary support needed for the minority government. The Danish Social Liberal Party made the biggest gains of any party, although it remained outside the governing group of parties. The elections marked the second time in a row that the Social Democrats were not the largest party in parliament, a change from most of the 20th century. The Social Democrats lost five seats and leader Mogens Lykketoft resigned immediately after the elections. Voter turnout was 85% in Denmark proper, 73% in the Faroe Islands and 59% in Greenland.
Men of America
Men of America is a 1932 American pre-Code Western film directed by Ralph Ince and written by Samuel Ornitz and Jack Jungmeyer. The film stars William Boyd, Charles "Chic" Sale, Dorothy Wilson, Ralph Ince, and Henry Armetta. The film was released on November 25, 1932, by RKO Pictures.

Ralph Ince
Ralph Waldo Ince (January 16, 1887 – April 10, 1937) was an American pioneer film actor, director and screenwriter whose career began near the dawn of the silent film era. Ralph Ince was the brother of John E. Ince and Thomas H. Ince.
Harold Gibson
Harold Leslie George Gibson OBE (15 July 1917 – 11 January 1994) was a British trade union leader.

Born in Liverpool, Gibson worked as a plumber until 1949, when he moved to Leicester to become the full-time northern district secretary for the National Union of Hosiery and Knitwear Workers (NUHKW).  In 1962, he was elected as general secretary of the union, then in 1975 to the top post of general president.

Gibson held a wide variety of posts in the broader trade union movement, including sitting on the management committee of the General Federation of Trade Unions and serving as its chair in 1974, serving on the Trades Union Congress' Textile Committee, the executive of the British Textile Confederation, and as president of the International Textile, Garment and Leather Workers' Federation.

Gibson retired in 1982, and was awarded an honorary degree by the University of Leicester.  He was made a Member of the Order of the British Empire in 1971, and an Officer in 1978.

International Textile, Garment and Leather Workers' Federation
The International Textile, Garment and Leather Workers' Federation (ITGLWF) was a global union federation. In 2005 it had 217 member organizations in 110 countries, representing a combined membership of over 10 million workers.
West Tallahatchie High School
West Tallahatchie High School (WTHS) is a public high school in unincorporated Tallahatchie County, Mississippi, near Webb. A part of the West Tallahatchie School District, its nickname is "West Tally".

In addition to Webb, the district also serves the communities of Tutwiler, Sumner, and Glendora. Additionally, it includes the unincorporated areas of Brazil, Philipp, and Vance. The parts of the Minter City area in Tallahatchie County are in the West Tallahatchie district.

Students matriculate from R. H. Bearden Elementary School.

Tallahatchie County, Mississippi
Tallahatchie County is a county in the U.S. state of Mississippi. At the 2020 census, the population was 12,715. Its county seats are Charleston and Sumner.

Tallahatchie County is located within the Mississippi Delta.  The county is divided by the Tallahatchie River which runs from north to south through the county before joining what becomes the Yazoo River in LeFlore County.
NZ Skeptics
NZ Skeptics is a New Zealand incorporated society created in 1986, with the aim of promoting critical thinking. The main areas of interest to the NZ Skeptics are claims of psychic abilities, alternative medicine, creationism and other pseudoscientific claims. At its founding in 1986, it was known as the New Zealand Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal (NZCSICOP). In 2007 the name was formally changed to NZ Skeptics Incorporated.

Skeptics in the Pub
Skeptics in the Pub (abbreviated SITP) is an informal social event designed to promote fellowship and social networking among skeptics, critical thinkers, freethinkers, rationalists and other like-minded individuals. It provides an opportunity for skeptics to talk, share ideas and have fun in a casual atmosphere, and discuss whatever topical issues come to mind, while promoting skepticism, science, and rationality.
The Fate of Sparta
The Fate of Sparta is a 1788 tragedy by the British writer Hannah Cowley. It is also known by the longer 
title The Fate of Sparta, or, The Rival Kings.

The original Drury Lane cast included John Philip Kemble as Cleombrotus, Robert Bensley as Leonidas, William Barrymore as Amphares, John Whitfield as Nicrates, Matthew Williames as Mezentius, Richard Staunton as Corex, John Phillimore as Sarpedon, Richard Wilson as Priest and Sarah Siddons as Cherolice.

Hannah Cowley (writer)
Hannah Cowley (née Parkhouse; 14 March 1743 – 11 March 1809) was an English playwright and poet. Although Cowley's plays and poetry did not enjoy wide popularity after the 19th century, critic Melinda Finberg rates her as "one of the foremost playwrights of the late eighteenth century" whose "skill in writing fluid, sparkling dialogue and creating sprightly, memorable comic characters compares favourably with her better-known contemporaries, Goldsmith and Sheridan." Cowley's plays were produced frequently in her lifetime. The major themes of her plays – including her first, The Runaway (1776), and her major success, which is being revived, The Belle's Stratagem (1780) – revolve around marriage and how women strive to overcome the injustices imposed by family life and social custom.
Nancy Drew: Danger on Deception Island
Danger on Deception Island is the ninth installment in the Nancy Drew point-and-click adventure game series by Her Interactive. The game is available for play on Microsoft Windows platforms. It has an ESRB rating of E for moments of mild violence and peril. Players take on the first-person view of fictional amateur sleuth Nancy Drew and must solve the mystery through interrogation of suspects, solving puzzles, and discovering clues. There are two levels of gameplay, Junior and Senior detective modes, each offering a different difficulty level of puzzles and hints, however neither of these changes affect the actual plot of the game. The game is loosely based on the book Whispers in the Fog (1999).

HeR Interactive
HeR Interactive is a video game company based in Bellevue, Washington. The company was founded as a division of American Laser Games, and spun off as an independent entity. It later bought out its former parent company. The company designs, develops and publishes adventure-mystery games, most of which are based on the Nancy Drew franchise.
Murus Romuli
Murus Romuli (Latin for "the Wall of Romulus") is the name given to a wall built to protect the Palatine Hill, the centermost of the Seven Hills of Rome, in one of the oldest parts of the city of Rome. Ancient tradition holds that this wall was built by the Roman culture hero Romulus.

Romulus
Romulus (/ˈrɒmjʊləs/, Classical Latin: [ˈroːmʊɫʊs]) was the legendary founder and first king of Rome. Various traditions attribute the establishment of many of Rome's oldest legal, political, religious, and social institutions to Romulus and his contemporaries. Although many of these traditions incorporate elements of folklore, and it is not clear to what extent a historical figure underlies the mythical Romulus, the events and institutions ascribed to him were central to the myths surrounding Rome's origins and cultural traditions.
Hotel2Tango
The Hotel2Tango (sometimes referred to as Thee Mighty Hotel2Tango and abbreviated H2T) is a 24-track analogue recording studio situated in the Mile End district of Montreal, Quebec. The current facility is the second to bear the name, and was preceded by a similar operation in the same neighborhood until 2007 when the studio changed locations. The majority of recording projects undertaken at the studio are helmed by one of the facility's four partner-engineers: Efrim Menuck and Thierry Amar, both members of Thee Silver Mt. Zion Memorial Orchestra & Tra-La-La Band and Godspeed You! Black Emperor; Radwan Ghazi Moumneh, member of Jerusalem in My Heart; and Howard Bilerman. The Hotel2Tango is often closely associated with Constellation Records, a Montreal-based record label.

Before becoming a dedicated studio, the original Hotel2Tango acted first as a living space and later as a live performance venue.

Jerusalem in My Heart
Jerusalem in My Heart (JIMH) is a live audio-visual performance project, with Montréal-based producer and musician Radwan Ghazi Moumneh (co-owner of The Hotel2Tango recording studio in Montreal) and Montréal-based filmmaker Erin Weisgerber. Jerusalem in My Heart release their music on Montreal label Constellation Records.