hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2007–2008 Ethiopian crackdown in Ogaden
The 2007–2008 Ethiopian crackdown in Ogaden was a military campaign by the Ethiopian Army against the Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF). The crackdown against the guerrillas began after they killed over 60 Ethiopian troops and several foreign workers during a raid on a Chinese-run oil exploration field in April 2007.

The main military operations were centered on the towns of Degehabur, Kebri Dahar, Werder and Shilavo in Ogaden, which are in the Ethiopian Somali Region. The area is home to the Ogaden clan, seen as the bedrock of support of the ONLF.

During the crackdown, the Ethiopian government put hundreds of thousands at risk of starvation by blockading food aid to the region. According to Human Rights Watch (HRW), various human rights abuses were committed by the Ethiopian military.

Werder, Ethiopia
Werder (Amharic: ዋርዴር )(Somali: Wardheer; Italian: Uardere) is a town in eastern Ethiopia. Located in the Werder Zone of the Somali Region, Werder has a latitude and longitude of 6°58′N 45°21′E﻿ / ﻿6.967°N 45.350°E﻿ / 6.967; 45.350 with an elevation of 541 meters above sea level. It is the administrative center of Werder woreda.

The Walwal wells, site of the notorious clash between Italian and Ethiopian troops which triggered the Second Italian-Abyssinian War, are located around 12 kilometers to the north-east of the town.
V. Vaithilingam
V. Vaithilingam (born 5 October 1950) is an Indian politician belonging to the Indian National Congress, who currently represents Puducherry in the Lok Sabha. He held the position as the 11th Chief Minister of Pondicherry from 1991 to 1996 and the 16th Chief Minister of Puducherry again from 2008 to 2011. He is a senior legislator serving eight consecutive terms.

He headed the Pondicherry Government from 1991 to 1996 and the Congress Legislative party from 1991 to 2000. His priorities as Chief Minister were to minimize the budget deficit, increase private sector participation in public transport, and improve the health care system. He first became Chief Minister at the age of 40, making him the second youngest Chief Minister of Puducherry.

Puducherry Lok Sabha constituency
Puducherry Lok Sabha constituency  covers the entire Union Territory of Puducherry. Pondicherry became a union territory after the implementation of the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution of India in 1962 and changed its name to Puducherry in 2006. This constituency first held elections in 1967 and its first member of parliament (MP) was Thirumudi N. Sethuraman of the Indian National Congress.
Blarney Stone
The Blarney Stone (Irish: Cloch na Blarnan) is a block of Carboniferous limestone built into the battlements of Blarney Castle, Blarney, about 8 kilometres (5 miles) from the centre of Cork City, Ireland. According to legend, kissing the stone endows the kisser with the gift of the gab (great eloquence or skill at flattery). The stone was set into a tower of the castle in 1446. The castle is a popular tourist site in Ireland, attracting visitors from all over the world to kiss the stone and tour the castle and its gardens.

The word blarney has come to mean "clever, flattering, or coaxing talk". Irish politician John O'Connor Power defined it this way: "Blarney is something more than mere flattery. It is flattery sweetened by humour and flavoured by wit. Those who mix with Irish folk have many examples of it in their everyday experience." Letitia Elizabeth Landon described its contemporary meaning in an article entitled "Blarney Castle" in 1832.

Carboniferous Limestone
Carboniferous Limestone is a collective term for the succession of limestones occurring widely throughout Great Britain and Ireland that were deposited during the Dinantian Epoch of the Carboniferous Period.  These rocks formed between 363 and 325 million years ago. Within England and Wales, the entire limestone succession, which includes subordinate mudstones and some thin sandstones, is known as the Carboniferous Limestone Supergroup.
2020 Horizon League women's basketball tournament
The 2020 Horizon League women's basketball tournament is the postseason women's basketball tournament for the Horizon League. It will be held March 3 through March 10, 2020. The winner, IUPUI, earned the conference's automatic berth into the 2020 NCAA women's tournament, but the tournament was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

IU Indy Jaguars women's basketball
The IU Indy Jaguars women's basketball team is the women's basketball team that represented Indiana University Indianapolis in Indianapolis, IN, United States through the 2023–24 season. Going forward, the team will represent Indiana University Indianapolis (IU Indianapolis or IUI), which will start operation when the Indiana University and Purdue University systems dissolve IUPUI at the end of the 2023–24 school year. The school's team currently competes in the Horizon League.
Casey County Courthouse
The Casey County Courthouse, on Courthouse Square in Liberty, Kentucky was built in 1888.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.

It was designed by the McDonald Brothers architects of Louisville, Kentucky.

McDonald Brothers (architects)
McDonald Brothers founded in 1878 was a Louisville-based firm of architects of courthouses and other public buildings.  It was a partnership of brothers Kenneth McDonald, Harry McDonald (aka Henry P. McDonald), and Donald McDonald.
Bahudarmai
Bahudarmai (Nepali: बहुदरमाई ) is a municipality in Parsa District in Province No. 2 of Nepal. It was formed in 2016 occupying current 9 sections (wards) from previous 9 former VDCs. It occupies an area of 31.55 km2 with a total population of 39,763.

Parsa District
Parsa District (Nepali: पर्सा जिल्लाListenⓘ), a part of Madhesh Province in Terai plain, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Birgunj as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,353 km2 (522 sq mi) and has a population (2001) of 497,219. According to the locals, Parsa is named after the Parashnath temple situated in Mahuwan.
Vaikarai Pookkal
Vaikarai Pookkal (transl. Dawn flowers) is a 1996 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by E. Mu. Vetrivalan. The film stars Raja, Rajashree, Ponvannan and newcomer Annam, with Shanmugasundaram, Samikannu, A. K. Veerasamy, Karan and Tharini playing supporting roles. It was released on 26 January 1996.

Samikannu
Samikannu (15 April 1923 – 3 June 2017) was an Indian actor who had acted in over 400 Tamil-language films in supporting and comedy roles. He is capable of doing whatever role is best. He is notable  character is 'Payapulla' in Mullum Malarum costarring Rajinikanth. He is one of the most recognizable characters in the films of director Mahendran.
Apollo Broadcast Investors
Apollo Broadcast Investors, Inc. is a broadcast media company. Its head offices are located at Unit 1703, Cityland 10, Tower 1, H.V. De la Costa St., Makati. Apollo Broadcast owns and represents 2 radio companies: GV Radios Network Corporation (also known as GV Broadcasting System), which operates its flagship stations GVAM 792 and GVFM 99.1 in Pampanga; and Allied Broadcasting Center. It also owns Pinoy Xtreme Channel, a 24-hour sports and entertainment channel.

Allied Broadcasting Center
Allied Broadcasting Center is a Philippine radio network. Its corporate office is located at Unit 1703, Cityland 10, Tower 1, H.V. De la Costa St., Makati. It is a subsidiary of Apollo Broadcast Investors.
Vines Botanical Gardens
Vines Botanical Gardens (25 acres) are botanical gardens located at 3500 Oak Grove Road, Loganville, Georgia, United States. They are open daily and no admission fee is charged.

The themed gardens include annuals, perennials, display garden, water garden, garden railroad, and a rose garden, as well as an arboretum, Swan Lake (3.5 acres), Koi pond, fountains and the Manor House. The property also contains a restaurant, and special events rooms.

Loganville, Georgia
Loganville is a city in Walton and Gwinnett counties, Georgia, United States. The population was 16,516 as of 2023. Loganville is located about 36 mi (58 km) east of Atlanta and is part of the Atlanta metropolitan area.
Howdon
Howdon is a largely residential area in the eastern part of Wallsend, Tyne and Wear, England. It consists of High Howdon and the smaller settlement of East Howdon. Much of the High Howdon area was formerly called Willington prior to post-World War II urbanisation. The North Tyneside ward population at the 2011 Census was 11,129.

Wallsend
Wallsend (/ˌwɔːlzˈɛnd/) is a town in North Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England, at the eastern end of Hadrian's Wall. It has a population of 43,842 and lies four miles (6.5 kilometres) east of Newcastle upon Tyne.
Boy Yñiguez
Roberto "Boy" Yñiguez is a Filipino cinematographer and photographer. He won the Gawad Urian Award for Best Cinematography in 2007 for the film The Bet Collector, as well as the Luna Award for Best Cinematography in 2018 for Ang Larawan.

Ang Larawan
Ang Larawan, internationally released as The Portrait, is a 2017 Philippine musical film directed by Loy Arcenas.

Based on the 1997 stage play Larawan, which in turn was based on the 1950 literary play A Portrait of the Artist as Filipino by National Artist Nick Joaquin, the film takes place in 1941 just before World War II in a mansion in Manila.

Ang Larawan had its premiere in Japan on October 30, 2017, as part of the 30th Tokyo International Film Festival. It was commercially released in the Philippines on December 25, 2017, as an entry to the 43rd Metro Manila Film Festival, where it won five of its twelve categories, including Best Picture, Best Musical Score, Best Production Design, and the Gatpuno Antonio J. Villegas Cultural Award and Best Actress given to Joana Ampil. Critical response for the film was mostly positive.
Columbia 34
The Columbia 34 is an American sailboat that was designed by Wirth Munroe and Richard Valdez as a cruiser and first built in 1966.

The Columbia 34 is a development of the Columbia 33 Caribbean, using a deck adapted from the Columbia 40.

The Columbia 34 was replaced in the company product line  in 1970, by the unrelated William H. Tripp Jr. designed Columbia 34 Mark II.

Wirth Munroe
Wirth Middleton Munroe (November 29, 1902 – October 21, 1968) was a North American yacht designer and son of Ralph Middleton Munroe.

Munroe was born at the Barnacle, now the Barnacle Historic State Park.  In 1933 he married Mary Kimball Poore of Coral Gables and they had two children (William Middleton Munroe and Charles Poore Munroe). He was Commodore of the Biscayne Bay Yacht Club 1946–1947, a member of the North American Yacht Racing Union (NAYRU) 1936–1966, and the Cruising Club of America as well as Vice-Commodore of the Miami Proa Club. He was a member of the Board of Directors of the Historical Association of Southern Florida (HASF) 1943–1966, and served as President of HASF in 1945.
Kazdanga Palace
Kazdanga Palace is located in the village Kazdanga (Polish and German Katzdangen), Kazdanga Parish, South Kurzeme Municipality, in the Courland region of Latvia. The first manor house was made out of wood and the new palace was built in 1800–1804 in the late classical style, designed according to the project by the German architect J. G. Berlitz. Kazdanga established the first Latvian fish pond, now in operation for a number of important agricultural schools.

Kazdanga
Kazdanga (German: Katzdangen) is a larger village, the administrative center of the  Kazdanga Parish of South Kurzeme Municipality in the Courland region of Latvia. As of 2022 its population is 527.

It is located in the northern part of the parish on the banks of the Alokste river, which is dammed within the extents of the village to form an artificial reservoir known as the Kazdanga Mill Lake (Kazdangas dzirnavezers) by which there is a water mill.

The modern settlement grew around the Kazdanga manor (burned down during the Russian Revolution of 1905. Currently the  Kazdanga Palace, an architectural monument of national importance,  is the place of interest in the village. The adjacent village of Valāta forms a common settlement conglomerate with Kazdanga.

The P117 regional motorway runs across Kazdanga.

There is an archaeological site of national importance, the Kazdanga (Valata) Hillfort north of Valata (56°42′31″N 21°44′27″E﻿ / ﻿56.70865°N 21.74071°E﻿ / 56.70865; 21.74071).
Bethany Joy Lenz
Bethany Joy Lenz is an American actress and musician. She is known for her portrayal of Haley James Scott on the WB, and later the CW, television drama One Tree Hill (2003–2012). She also starred as Michelle Bauer Santos on the CBS Daytime soap opera Guiding Light (1998–2000) and is recognized for her music as a solo artist and as a member of the band Everly. Between 2021 and 2025, Lenz served as a co-host of the Drama Queens podcast alongside former One Tree Hill cast members.

Tyler Hilton
Tyler James Hilton (born November 22, 1983), is a Canadian-American musician, actor, and author. He is known for playing Chris Keller, a prominent recurring character in the WB/CW series One Tree Hill, and Elvis Presley in the Johnny Cash biopic Walk the Line. His professional career in music began in 2000.
Declan Curran
Declan Curran (born 15 April 1952) was a rugby union player who represented Australia.

Curran, a prop, was born in Ballina, New South Wales and claimed a total of 5 international rugby caps for Australia.

His father, Frank Curran, played Rugby League for Australia.

Ballina, New South Wales
Ballina (/bælɪnə/ BAL-i-na) is a town in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia, and the seat of the Ballina Shire local government area. It lies 740 km (460 mi) north of Sydney and 185 km (115 mi) south of Brisbane. Ballina's urban population at the end of 2021 was 46,190.

The town lies on the Richmond River and serves as a gateway to Byron Bay.

Ballina is located on the ancestral land of the Bundjalung people, who are its traditional owners and original inhabitants. Archaeological evidence demonstrates Bundjalung occupation of the region for at least 6000 years.
Oxford University RFC
The Oxford University Rugby Football Club (Oxford University RFC or OURFC) is the rugby union club of the University of Oxford. The club contests The Varsity Match every year against Cambridge University at Twickenham.

John Boswell (rugby union)
John Boswell (16 February 1867 – 5 January 1948) was a Scotland international rugby union player. He was the 25th President of the Scottish Rugby Union. He served in the military in the Boer War and the First World War and won the Serbian medal Order of the White Eagle in 1917. He was a Writer to the Signet and owned Garallan House near Cumnock.
Upper Sioux Indian Reservation
The Upper Sioux Indian Reservation, or Pezihutazizi in Dakota, is the reservation of the Upper Sioux Community, a federally recognized tribe of the Dakota people, that includes the Mdewakanton.

The Upper Sioux Indian Reservation is located in Minnesota Falls Township along the Minnesota River in eastern Yellow Medicine County, Minnesota, five miles (8.0 km) south of Granite Falls. It was created in 1938 when 746 acres (3.02 km2) of land were returned to the tribe by the federal government, under the Indian Reorganization Act encouraging tribal self-government.

As of the 2020 census, the reservation recorded a resident population of 120 persons. Its land area is currently 2.3 square miles (5.96 km2; 1,472.00 acres), including off-reservation trust land. The tribe operates the Prairie's Edge Casino Resort. Every August, the Upper Sioux community holds its Pejhutazizi Oyate traditional wacipi (powwow).

Mdewakanton
The Mdewakanton or Mdewakantonwan (also spelled Mdewákhaŋthuŋwaŋ and currently pronounced Bdewákhaŋthuŋwaŋ) are one of the sub-tribes of the Isanti (Santee) Dakota (Sioux).  Their historic home is Mille Lacs Lake (Dakota: Mde Wákhaŋ/Bde Wákhaŋ, Spirit/Mystic Lake) in central Minnesota.  Together with the Wahpekute (Waȟpékhute – "Shooters Among the Trees"), they form the so-called Upper Council of the Dakota or Santee Sioux (Isáŋyáthi – "Knife Makers"). Today their descendants are members of federally recognized tribes in Minnesota, South Dakota and Nebraska of the United States, and First Nations in Manitoba, Canada.
Montreux
Montreux (UK: /mɒ̃ˈtrɜː/, US: /mɒ̃ˈtroʊ/; French: [mɔ̃tʁø] ⓘ; Arpitan: Montrolx) is a Swiss municipality and town on the shoreline of Lake Geneva at the foot of the Alps. It belongs to the Riviera-Pays-d'Enhaut district in the canton of Vaud, having a population of nearly 27,000 with about 85,000 in the Vevey-Montreux agglomeration as of 2019.

Located in the centre of a region named the Vaud or Swiss Riviera (French: Riviera vaudoise), Montreux has been an important tourist destination since the 19th century due to its mild climate. The region includes numerous Belle Époque palaces and hotels near the shores of Lake Geneva. Montreux railway station is a stop on the Simplon Railway and is a mountain railway hub.

Tourism in Switzerland
Tourists are drawn to Switzerland's diverse landscape as well as the available activities, which take advantage of the Alpine climate and landscapes, in particular skiing and mountaineering, but also due to the many old town centers, with their historic buildings that often preserve parts of their medieval fortifications, and Roman sites. Switzerland is also popular for tourism-oriented railways, as well as for its cheese and chocolate.

As of 2016, tourism accounted for an estimated 2.6% (CHF 16.8 billion) of Switzerland's GDP, compared to 2.6% (CHF 12.8 billion) in 2001.
Świerznica, Pomeranian Voivodeship
Świerznica (Polish: [ɕfjɛʐˈɲit͡sa]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Stegna, Nowy Dwór Gdański County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Stegna
Gmina Stegna is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Nowy Dwór Gdański County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

The gmina seat is Stegna, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north of Nowy Dwór Gdański and 36 km (22 mi) east of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 169.57 square kilometres (65.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 9,519.
1963 Moscow protest
On 18 December 1963, a number of students from Ghana and other African countries organized a protest on Moscow's Red Square (Russian SFSR, USSR) in response to the alleged murder of the medical student Edmund Assare-Addo. The number of participants was reported at 500–700, but the Ghanaian physician Edward Na, who participated in the protests, claimed there were at most 150 protesters. The ambassador of Ghana in the Soviet Union, John Banks Elliott, requested militsiya protection of the Ghanaian embassy following the allegations of attacks by the protesters.

This was the first recorded political protest on the Red Square since the late 1920s.

John Banks Elliott
John Banks Elliott (9 February 1917 – 18 July 2018) was a Ghanaian diplomat and statesman.  He was Ghana's first Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to the Soviet Union, serving from 1960 to 1966.
Community Center No. 1
The Community Center No. 1 is a historic government building at 1212 South Church Street in Jonesboro, Arkansas, USA. It is a single-story building, faced in buff brick, with a stylish Art Deco entrance area consisting of towers and projections made of smooth white concrete. The entrance is flanked by large flat-roof sections which house recreational facilities, while the center section has a low-pitch gable roof. The community center was designed by Elmer A. Stuck, and built in 1936 with funding from the Public Works Administration. The center has undergone several name changes, and is now known as the Earl Bell Community Center, after the Olympic pole vaulter and Jonesboro native.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

Elmer A. Stuck
Elmer A. Stuck AIA (February 2, 1900 – July 11, 1978) was an American architect in practice in Jonesboro, Arkansas from 1926 until his death in 1978. Stuck and his partners developed the leading architectural practice in the Arkansas Delta and were responsible for major projects throughout the state, including the Medical Arts Building in Hot Springs, the federal building in Helena, three county courthouses and much of the campus of Arkansas State University.
The History of Tom Jones: a Foundling (TV series)
The History of Tom Jones – A Foundling is a five-part TV series produced by the BBC in 1997. It features Max Beesley in the title role, alongside Brian Blessed and Samantha Morton.

It is based on the 1749 picaresque novel of the same name by Henry Fielding.

The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling
The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, often known simply as Tom Jones, is a comic novel by English playwright and novelist Henry Fielding. It is a Bildungsroman and a picaresque novel. It was first published on 28 February 1749 in London and is among the earliest English works to be classified as a novel. It is the earliest novel mentioned by W. Somerset Maugham in his 1948 book Great Novelists and Their Novels, in which Maugham ranks the ten best novels of the world.

The novel is highly organised despite its length. Samuel Taylor Coleridge argued that it has one of the "three most perfect plots ever planned", alongside Oedipus Rex by Sophocles and The Alchemist by Ben Jonson. It became a best-seller, with four editions published in its first year alone. It is generally regarded as Fielding's greatest book and as an influential English novel.
Fountaingrove Lake
Fountaingrove Lake is a reservoir in the city of Santa Rosa, California, United States.  Formed by the Fountaingrove Dam, the lake is fed from the east by Piner Creek, which is also the lake's sole outlet.

Fountaingrove Dam is an earthen dam built in 1953. It is 38 ft (12 m) high, 500 ft (150 m) long, and 15 ft (5 m) wide.

In 1985, a private country club known as The Fountaingrove Club built a championship 18-hole golf course centered on Fountaingrove Lake.  The golf course was designed by Ted Robinson Sr.

The dam and half the lake is owned by the city of Santa Rosa as the Nagasawa Community Park.

Santa Rosa, California
Santa Rosa (Spanish for "Saint Rose") is a city in and the county seat of Sonoma County, in the North Bay region of the Bay Area in California. Its population as of the 2020 census was 178,127. It is the largest city in California's Wine Country and Redwood Coast. It is the fifth most populous city in the Bay Area after San Jose, San Francisco, Oakland, and Fremont; and the 27th-most populous city in California.
BattleTech
BattleTech is a wargaming and military science fiction franchise launched by FASA Corporation in 1984, acquired by WizKids in 2001, which was in turn acquired by Topps in 2003; and published since 2007 by Catalyst Game Labs. The trademark is currently owned by Topps and, for video games, Microsoft Gaming; Catalyst Game Studios licenses the franchise from Topps.

The series began with FASA's debut of the board game BattleTech (originally named Battledroids) by Jordan Weisman and L. Ross Babcock III and has since grown to include numerous expansions to the original game, several board games, role playing games, video games, a collectible card game, a series of more than 100 novels, and an animated television series.

Topps
The Topps Company, Inc. is an American company that manufactures trading cards and other  collectibles. Formerly based in New York City, Topps is best known as a leading producer of baseball and other sports and non-sports themed trading cards. Topps also produces cards under the brand names Allen & Ginter and Bowman.

In the 2010s, Topps was the only baseball card manufacturer with a license with Major League Baseball. Following the loss of that license to Fanatics, Inc. in 2022, Fanatics acquired Topps in the same year.