hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Samokov
The Battle of Samokov  took place between the Ottoman army under the command of Lala Shahin Pasha, the Second Bulgarian Empire under the command of Ivan Shishman, and the Serbian Empire under the command of Uglješa Mrnjavčević. Ottoman Turks headed to the city of Samokov after the conquest of Ihtiman.
They encountered the armies of the Serbian and Bulgarian kings. Although the Serbian and Bulgarian armies were far superior to him in numbers, Lala Şahin Pasha did not hesitate to fight and achieved victory with a strong attack. The victory was so complete that the soldiers of the Serbian and Bulgarian armies fled without taking any of their provisions, leaving everything behind.

Lala Shahin Pasha
Lala Shahin Pasha (Turkish: Lala Şahin Paşa; c. 1330 – c. 1388), was an Ottoman military commander and the first Beylerbey of Rumelia. A mentor to Sultan Murad I, he played a central role in the Ottoman expansion into the Balkans, commanding key campaigns during the Byzantine–Ottoman wars and the Ottoman wars in Europe. He led forces at the Battle of Maritsa, the conquest of Adrianople and the Siege of Sofia, helping to establish lasting Ottoman control over much of modern-day Bulgaria, Macedonia and part of Serbia.
Suna Chadhei Mo Rupa Chadhei
Suna Chadhei Mo Rupa Chadhei is a 2009 Indian Odia romantic film directed by Himanshu Parija. After Nei Ja Re Megha Mate,  Anubhav Mohanty & Barsha Priyadarshini paired for second time in this film. The movie is a remake of 2005 Telugu movie Nuvvostanante Nenoddantana and was a commercial success.

Nuvvostanante Nenoddantana
Nuvvostanante Nenoddantana (pronounced [nuvːostaːnaṇʈeː neːnodːaṇʈaːnaː]; transl. If you wish to come, would I refuse?) is a 2005 Indian Telugu-language romantic comedy film directed by Prabhu Deva in his directorial debut and produced by M. S. Raju under Sumanth Art Productions. The film stars Srihari, Siddharth, and Trisha. The music was composed by Devi Sri Prasad, with cinematography by Venu. The film's title was inspired by the song of the same name from Varsham (2004), sung by K. S. Chithra.

The film won nine Filmfare Awards South (including Best Film) and five Nandi Awards. The film was remade in nine other languages—the highest for any Indian film. The film also holds the distinction of receiving the most Filmfare Awards by any South Indian film.
Rampur, Palpa
Rampur is a municipality in Palpa District in Lumbini Province of West southern Nepal. According to hindu mythology, Maharishi Vasistha taught Yogavasistha to lord Rama in the cave of Rampur. Rampur is 65 km northeast from the headquarter city Tansen. The valley is bounded by Syangja District in the north, Tanahun District in the northeast, and Nawalparasi District in the east. The popular religious river Kaligandaki disconnects the boundary in the northern part.

The municipality was established on 18 May 2014 by merging the existing Gadakot, Gegha, Khaliban and Darchha Village Development Committees. At the time of the 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 11,515 people living in 2733 individual households. Now, it has a population of 35,396 people living in 8,134 individual households after merging Gadakot, Gejha, Khaliban and Darchha VDCs.

Lumbini Province
Lumbini Province (Nepali: लुम्बिनी प्रदेश, romanized: Lumbinī pradēśa, IPA: [lumbiniː]) is a province in western Nepal. The country's third largest province in terms of area as well as population, Lumbini is home to the World Heritage Site of Lumbini, where according to Buddhist tradition Gautama Buddha, the founder of Buddhism, was born.

Lumbini borders Gandaki Province and Karnali Province to the north, Sudurpashchim Province to the west, and Uttar Pradesh and Bihar of India to the south. Lumbini's capital, Deukhuri, is near the geographic center of the province. The major cities in the province are Butwal and Siddharthanagar in Rupandehi district, Nepalgunj in Banke district, Tansen in Palpa district, and Ghorahi and Tulsipur in Dang district.
Rachael Blackmore
Rachael Blackmore (born 11 July 1989) is an Irish former National Hunt jockey. In 2021, she became the first female jockey to win the Grand National in the 182-year history of the race. She also became the first woman to be leading jockey at the Cheltenham Festival with six victories, including the Champion Hurdle, in 2021. The following year she became the first female jockey to win the Cheltenham Gold Cup. She announced her immediate retirement on 12 May 2025, having won 575 races as a professional jockey.

Blackmore's achievements saw her named the 2021 RTÉ Sports Person of the Year and the 2021 BBC World Sport Star of the Year.

Minella Indo
Minella Indo (foaled 18 April 2013) is an Irish racehorse who competes in National Hunt racing. He was one of the leading Novices' Hurdlers 2018/19 season when he recorded Grade 1 victories in the Spa Novices' Hurdle and Irish Daily Mirror Novice Hurdle. He made little impact in his first season over fences but emerged as a top class steeplechaser in the 2020/21 season as he won the M W Hickey Memorial Chase and the BetVictor Make Your Best Bet Chase before taking the Cheltenham Gold Cup.
Rio Americano High School
Rio Americano High School, colloquially known as Rio, is a public high school in Arden-Arcade, California, just outside Sacramento, serving students in grades 9 through 12 as part of the San Juan Unified School District. Rio Americano students come from the surrounding areas of Arden Park, Arden Oaks, Sierra Oaks, Fair Oaks, Carmichael, Gold River, and to a much lesser extent, the La Sierra community.  In recent years, more students have been transferring from other districts and areas, partly due to the shift of Sacramento High School to a charter school.  Rio's two rival schools are Jesuit High School and El Camino Fundamental High School because of the schools' close proximity.

As of the 2022–23 school year, the school had an enrollment of 1,884 students. Cliff Kelly is the principal.

Arden-Arcade, California
Arden-Arcade is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sacramento County, California, United States. The population was 94,659 at the 2020 census, making it the second most populous census-designated place in California. It is east of the city of Sacramento and west of the community of Carmichael.

Arden-Arcade is a principal locality of the Sacramento–Arden-Arcade–Roseville Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Man-Eater of Kumaon
Man-Eater of Kumaon is a 1948 American adventure film directed by Byron Haskin and starring Sabu, Wendell Corey and Joanne Page. The film was made after the success of the Jim Corbett book Man-Eaters of Kumaon, published by Oxford University Press in 1944.

The film was not based on any of the stories of the Corbett's bestselling book, but used a fictional plot. The credits also state that "the character of The Hunter is a fictional one, and is not meant in any way to portray the author on whose book this motion picture is based." The film was a box office flop, although some interesting footage of the tiger was filmed. Corbett is known to have said that "the best actor was the tiger".

Byron Haskin
Byron Conrad Haskin (April 22, 1899 – April 16, 1984) was an American film and television director, special effects creator and cinematographer. He is best known for directing The War of the Worlds (1953), one of many films where he teamed with producer George Pal.
Let's Work (Mick Jagger song)
"Let's Work" is the lead single from Mick Jagger's second solo studio album, Primitive Cool. Despite high expectations, it failed to reach the popularity of earlier Jagger singles such as "Just Another Night.", hitting No. 39 on the Billboard Hot 100. The music video for the song featured Jagger running down a street with several collections of workers.

It was the only track from Primitive Cool included on Jagger's greatest hits album, The Very Best of Mick Jagger (2007).

Primitive Cool
Primitive Cool is the second solo studio album by the English singer Mick Jagger, released in 1987. As the follow-up to Jagger's 1985 album She's the Boss, Primitive Cool was another attempt by Jagger to become a solo star.
Tring
Tring /trɪŋ/ is a market town and civil parish in the Borough of Dacorum, in Hertfordshire, England. It is situated in a gap passing through the Chiltern Hills, classed as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, 30 miles (50 km) from Central London. Tring is linked to London by the Roman road of Akeman Street, the modern A41 road, the Grand Union Canal and the West Coast Main Line to London Euston. Settlements in Tring date back to prehistoric times and it was mentioned in the Domesday Book; the town received its market charter in 1315. Tring is now largely a commuter town within the London commuter belt.
As of 2021, Tring had a population of 12,427.

Chiltern Hills
The Chiltern Hills or the Chilterns are a chalk escarpment in southern England to the northwest of London, covering 660 square miles (1700 sq km) across Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire and stretching 45 miles (72 km) from Goring-on-Thames in the southwest to Hitchin in the northeast. The hills are 12 miles (19 km) at their widest.

In 1964, 833 square kilometres - almost half of the Chiltern Hills - were designated by the Countryside Commission
as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) under the powers established by the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949.

The northwest boundary of the Chilterns is clearly defined by the escarpment. The dip slope is by definition more gradual and merges with the landscape to the southeast. The southwest endpoint is the River Thames. The hills decline slowly in prominence in northeast Bedfordshire.
Orchestron
The Vako Orchestron is a keyboard instrument made in the 1970s, that produces its sound through electronic amplification of sounds pre-recorded as an optical track on a disc. It is the professional version of the Mattel Optigan, an earlier and lower-priced model intended for amateur musicians.

The Man-Machine
The Man-Machine (German: Die Mensch-Maschine) is the seventh studio album by German electronic music band Kraftwerk. It was released on 19 May 1978 by Kling Klang in Germany and by Capitol Records elsewhere. A further refinement of their mechanical style, the album saw the group incorporate more danceable rhythms. The album has a satirical bent to it. It addresses a wide-range of themes from the Cold War, Germany's fascination with manufacturing, and humankind's increasingly symbiotic relationship with machines. It includes the singles "The Model" and "The Robots".

Although the album peaked at 53 initially on the UK Albums Chart, it reached a new peak position of number nine in February 1982, becoming the band's second highest-peaking album in the United Kingdom after Autobahn (1974).
Ivan (1932 film)
Ivan (Ukrainian: «Iвaн», Russian: «Иван») is a 1932 Soviet drama film directed by Aleksandr Dovzhenko. After the critical lambasting of his film Earth by the Soviet authorities, Dovzhenko returned with a more popular iteration of its main motifs. Much like Earth, Ivan concerns itself with the natural rhythms of country life, disrupted by the beat of looming industrialisation.

Aleksandr Dovzhenko received a Special Jury Prize for the film at the 2nd Venice International Film Festival.

Alexander Dovzhenko
Alexander Petrovich Dovzhenko, also Oleksandr Petrovych Dovzhenko (Russian: Александр Петрович Довженко, Ukrainian: Олександр Петрович Довженко; September 10 [O.S. August 29] 1894 – November 25, 1956), was a Soviet film director and screenwriter of Ukrainian origin. He is often cited as one of the most important early Soviet filmmakers, alongside Sergei Eisenstein, Dziga Vertov, and Vsevolod Pudovkin, as well as being a pioneer of Soviet montage theory.
Interstate 65
Interstate 65 (I-65) is a major north–south interstate highway in the central United States. As with most primary interstates ending in 5, it is a major crosscountry, north–south route, connecting between the Great Lakes and the Gulf of Mexico. Its southern terminus is located at an interchange with I-10 in Mobile, Alabama, and its northern terminus is at an interchange with US 12 (US 12) and US 20 (the Dunes Highway) in Gary, Indiana, just southeast of Chicago. I-65 connects several major metropolitan areas in the Midwest and Southern US. It connects the four largest cities in Alabama: Mobile, Montgomery, Birmingham, and Huntsville. It also serves as one of the main north–south routes through Nashville, Tennessee; Louisville, Kentucky; and Indianapolis, Indiana, each the largest metropolitan area in their respective state.

U.S. Route 431
U.S. Route 431 (US 431) is a spur of U.S. Route 31. It currently travels for approximately 556 miles (895 km) from US 231/Alabama State Route 210 and US 231 Business (US 231 Bus.) and US 431 Bus. in Dothan, Alabama, to Owensboro, Kentucky, at US 60 and Kentucky Route 2831. The major cities US 431 connects to (from south to north) are Dothan and Huntsville, Alabama, Franklin and  Nashville, Tennessee, and Owensboro, Kentucky.
Flughafen München GmbH
Flughafen München GmbH (FMG), based in Munich, is the operator of Munich Airport. Jost Lammers has been CEO and Chairman of the Management Board since January 1, 2020. Nathalie Leroy is responsible for Finance and Infrastructure. From November 1, 2021, Jan-Henrik Andersson will be responsible for Commercial and Security. Albert Füracker is Chairman of the Supervisory Board.

Munich Airport
Munich Airport (Flughafen München „Franz Josef Strauß“) (IATA: MUC, ICAO: EDDM) is an international airport serving Munich and the surrounding region of Upper Bavaria and Lower Bavaria. Located 28.5 km (17.7 mi) northeast of Munich near the town of Freising, it is named after former Bavarian minister-president Franz Josef Strauss. According to the German Aeronautical Information Publication, the airport's official name is Muenchen Airport.

The airport is the second-busiest in Germany after Frankfurt Airport and the eleventh-busiest in Europe, handling 41.6 million passengers in 2024. It ranked as the 39th-busiest airport worldwide that year.

Munich Airport is a hub for Lufthansa and also hosts several of its subsidiaries. It has two passenger terminals, a midfield terminal, two runways, and extensive cargo and maintenance facilities capable of handling wide-body aircraft such as the Airbus A380.
Basilica of St. John de Britto
The Basilica of St. John de Britto is a Catholic church and pilgrimage centre in Tamil Nadu. The church was built over the site of the martyrdom of St. John de Britto in Oriyur. The church has two tall towers that are visible from afar.

The foundation of the church was laid in 1948 and the church was completed in 1960. On 5 December 2023, it was announced that Pope Francis had bestowed the status of a minor basilica on the church.

John de Britto
John de Britto, SJ (also Brito; Portuguese: João de Brito; also known as Arul Anandar; 1 March 1647 – 4 February 1693) was a Portuguese Jesuit missionary and an evangelist, often called "the Portuguese St. Francis Xavier" by Indian Catholics. He is also called "the John the Baptist of India."
Robert Ramsey (congressman)
If you're referring to the British composer, see Robert Ramsey (composer).

Robert Ramsey (February 15, 1780 – December 12, 1849) was born in Warminster Township, Pennsylvania, on February 15, 1780. He attended school in Hartsville, Pennsylvania. He was in the Pennsylvania General Assembly from 1825 to 1831 and in the 23rd United States Congress as a Jacksonian from Pennsylvania's sixth district from March 4, 1833, to March 3, 1835. He did not run for a second term to the 24th Congress, but did win reelection later in 1840 to the 27th Congress, still representing the sixth district, this time as a Whig. He served from  March 4, 1841, to March 3, 1843. He once again did not run for reelection and instead left Congress to engage in agricultural pursuits. Ramsey died in Warwick, Pennsylvania, on December 12, 1849.

Warminster Township, Pennsylvania
Warminster Township, also referred to as Warminster, is located in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, United States. It was formally established in 1711. The township is 13.7 miles north of Philadelphia and had a population of 33,603 according to the 2020 U.S. census.
Dreamend
Dreamend is an American, Savannah-based shoegazer musical group signed to Graveface Records, whose music is characterized by textured guitar work and prominent drums and percussion. Song styles range from post-rock to bluegrass. The group has been compared to groups such as Mono and Explosions in the Sky.

Dreamend is the main musical output of Ryan Graveface (real name, Ryan Manon), Graveface Records' owner/sole employee.  He also contributes musically in the psychedelic band Black Moth Super Rainbow (BMSR), the Halloween band The Marshmallow Ghosts & The Casket Girls. Since its inception in 2002, Graveface has released albums by Monster Movie, The Loose Salute, Kid Dakota, Appleseed Cast, Whirr, Mount Eerie, BMSR and many more.

Graveface Records
Graveface Records is an American independent record label from Savannah, Georgia, solely owned and operated by Ryan Graveface (who plays in the groups Black Moth Super Rainbow, Dreamend, the Marshmallow Ghosts and the Casket Girls). He has released recordings by Beachy Head, Serengeti, Dosh, The Appleseed Cast, Haley Bonar, Xiu Xiu, Monster Movie, Dreamend, Jakob, Jason Molina, Mount Eerie, The Loose Salute, the Lava Children, Night School, Black Moth Super Rainbow, The Seven Fields of Aphelion, and Whirr.
The House of God (film)
The House of God is a 1984 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Donald Wrye and starring Tim Matheson, Charles Haid, Michael Sacks, Ossie Davis, and Howard Rollins.  It is based on Samuel Shem's novel of the same name.  According to Leonard Maltin, the film was never released theatrically.

Donald Wrye
Donald Wrye (September 24, 1934 – May 15, 2015) was an American director, screenwriter and producer.

Wrye attended the UCLA, directing as his dissertation film in the Department of  Theater Arts, Soba man, "A dramatization about a young nisei girl who meets an American boy who has been to Japan and was profoundly moved by bi his experiences there, telling of the effect of the boys experience upon both the boy and girl."

Wrye is best known for directing the 1978 film Ice Castles. He died on May 15, 2015, at his home in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Wrye had his own film production company, SpyGaze Pictures.
June 2004 Baghdad recruitment center bombing
On June 18, 2004, a massive suicide car bombing near the New Iraqi Army recruitment center in Baghdad killed 35 civilians and wounded 145.

None of the 175 would-be recruits or active U.S. and Iraqi servicemen were hurt in the attack for which Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad was blamed.

Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad
Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad (Arabic: جماعة التوحيد والجهاد, lit. 'Congregation of Monotheism and Jihad'), abbreviated as JTJ or Jama'at, was a Salafi jihadist militant group. It was founded in Jordan in 1999, and was led by Jordanian national Abu Musab al-Zarqawi for the entirety of its existence. During the Iraqi insurgency (2003–11) the group became a decentralized network with foreign fighters with a considerable Iraqi membership.

On 17 October 2004, al-Zarqawi pledged allegiance to Osama bin Laden's al-Qaeda network, and the group became known as Tanzim Qaidat al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn (commonly known as al-Qaeda in Iraq or Tanzim). After several mergers with other groups and the formation of the Mujahideen Shura Council, it changed its name several times until it called itself Islamic State of Iraq (ISI) in 2006.  The group is often seen as the predecessor of the Islamic State.
Sangan Waterfall
35°53′43″N 51°12′20″E﻿ / ﻿35.89528°N 51.20556°E﻿ / 35.89528; 51.20556

Sangan Waterfall (Persian: آبشار سنگان) is an Iranian waterfall located near Sangan Village, 20 kilometres (12 mi) north-west of Tehran.

Sangan, Tehran
Sangan (Persian: سنگان, also Romanized as Sangān and Sankān; also known as Sangān-e Pā’īn) is a village in Sulqan Rural District, Kan District, Tehran County, Tehran Province, Iran. In 2006, its population comprised 749 residents in 195 families. Sangan Waterfall is located nearby.
Until We Are Free
Until We Are Free: My Fight for Human Rights (Persian: تا زمانی که آزاد شویم, romanized: Ta zamani keh azad shvim) is a 2016 non-fiction book by Shirin Ebadi, chronicling her decades of struggle for human rights under the Islamic Republic of Iran. In the book, Ebadi recounts her struggle against Iran's authoritarian system.

Shirin Ebadi
Shirin Ebadi (Persian: شيرين عبادى, romanized: Širin Ebādi; born 21 June 1947) is an Iranian Nobel laureate, lawyer, writer, teacher and a former judge and founder of the Defenders of Human Rights Center in Iran. In 2003, Ebadi was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for her pioneering efforts for democracy and women's, children's, and refugee rights. She was the first Iranian to receive the award.

She has lived in exile in London since 2009.
Nusach (Jewish custom)
In Judaism, a nusach or nusakh (Hebrew: נוסח, romanized: nusáḥ, Yiddish: נוסח, romanized: núsekh, pl. נוסחים nusaḥim, Yiddish: נוסחאות, romanized: nuskhóes) is the exact text of a Jewish prayer service, sometimes translated as "rite". Nusach may more accurately translate to "formulation" or "wording".

The texts of siddurim used by the array of Jewish ethnic divisions and religious movements include Baladi-rite prayer, nusach Ashkenaz, nusach Sefard, nusach edot haMizraḥ, Italian nusach, and nusach Ari.

A textual nusach is distinct from a musical nusach, the latter referring to a community's musical style or tradition, particularly the chanted melodies used for the Amidah and other recitative prayers.

David Bar-Hayim
David Chanoch Itzhak Bar-Hayim (Hebrew: דוד חנוך יצחק ב"ר חיים; born Mandel; born 24 February 1960) is an Israeli rabbi who heads Machon Shilo, a Jerusalem-based rabbinical court and institute of Jewish education dedicated to the Torah of Israel.
Rohan Soysa
Rohan Soysa (born 30 November 1970) is a Sri Lankan former cricketer. He played in 49 first-class and 14 List A matches between 1988/89 and 2004/05. He made his Twenty20 debut on 17 August 2004, for Burgher Recreation Club in the 2004 SLC Twenty20 Tournament. After his playing career, he became a cricket coach.

2004 SLC Twenty20 Tournament
The 2004 SLC Twenty20 Tournament is the 1st season of the official Twenty20 domestic cricket competition in Sri Lanka. 15 teams in total, five representing four provinces of Sri Lanka and a Sri Lanka Schools XI team participating in the competition. The competition began on 17 August 2004, when Bloomfield Cricket and Athletic Club played the Police Sports Club at Colts Cricket Club Ground, Colombo.

This season comprised eight regular matches, four quarter finals, two semi finals and a final.
Coplanarity
In geometry, a set of points in space are coplanar if there exists a geometric plane that contains them all. For example, three points are always coplanar, and if the points are distinct and non-collinear, the plane they determine is unique. However, a set of four or more distinct points will, in general, not lie in a single plane.

Two lines in three-dimensional space are coplanar if there is a plane that includes them both. This occurs if the lines are parallel, or if they intersect each other. Two lines that are not coplanar are called skew lines.

Distance geometry provides a solution technique for the problem of determining whether a set of points is coplanar, knowing only the distances between them.

Skew lines
In three-dimensional geometry, skew lines are two lines that do not intersect and are not parallel. A simple example of a pair of skew lines is the pair of lines through opposite edges of a regular tetrahedron.  Two lines that both lie in the same plane must either cross each other or be parallel, so skew lines can exist only in three or more dimensions. Two lines are skew if and only if they are not coplanar.