hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2nd Gloucestershire Rifle Volunteers
The 2nd Gloucestershire Rifle Volunteers was a volunteer unit of the British Army, which recruited in Gloucestershire from 1859. After becoming a Volunteer, and then later, a Territorial battalion of the Gloucestershire Regiment (the 'Glosters'), it fought on the Western Front and in Italy during World War I. Its 1st Line battalion fought a last-ditch defensive action at the Piave and one of its number won a Victoria Cross in the closing weeks of the war. The 2nd Line battalion was involved in an epic rearguard action at Holnon Wood during the German spring offensive. In the early part of World War II the battalion distinguished itself at the defence of Ledringhem before being evacuated from Dunkirk. It then served as a unit of the Reconnaissance Corps with 43rd (Wessex) Infantry Division through the campaign in North West Europe. It returned to the Glosters in the postwar Territorial Army until amalgamated with other units in 1967.

Charles Allen (Stroud MP)
Major Charles Peter Allen, PC (2 December 1861 – 18 September 1930) was an English Liberal politician who represented Stroud from 1900 to 1918. His professional career was as a solicitor and newspaper journalist. He served his country during World War I, as a major in the Gloucestershire Regiment, and as a sportsman played international rugby for Wales.
James L. Watson United States Court of International Trade Building
The James L. Watson U.S. Court of International Trade Building is the courthouse of the United States Court of International Trade. Located on Foley Square in lower Manhattan in New York City, it is also known as 1 Federal Plaza, and was built in 1968 adjacent to the Jacob K. Javits Federal Building. In 2003, the building was renamed in honor of James L. Watson, a judge of the United States Customs Court from 1964 to 1980, and of the Court of International Trade from 1980 to 2001.

James Lopez Watson
James Lopez Watson (May 21, 1922 – September 1, 2001) was an American lawyer who served as a federal judge of the United States Court of International Trade. While serving as a judge around the country, Watson became the first African-American to head a federal court in the American Deep South.
Orrin, North Dakota
Orrin is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Pierce County, North Dakota, United States. Its population was 22 as of the 2010 census.

Old Saint John Nepomocene Cemetery, Wrought-Iron Cross Site and St. Mathias Cemetery, Wrought-Iron Cross Site, both in or near Orrin, are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

St. Mathias Cemetery, Wrought-Iron Cross Site
The St. Mathias Cemetery, Wrought-Iron Cross Site is a historic site near Orrin, North Dakota, United States, that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.  It is a site of wrought-iron crosses and includes work by blacksmith Joseph P. Klein and by blacksmith John Krim.  The NRHP listing included 42 contributing objects.

Joseph P. Klein and John Krim were both of Pierce County.  They were among a number of "German-Russian blacksmiths in central North Dakota" who developed individual styles in their crosses and whose "work was known for miles around them.": 13
2017–18 Welsh Premier League
The 2017–18 Welsh Premier League was the 26th season of the Welsh Premier League, the highest football league within Wales since its establishment in 1992. The New Saints are the defending champions. The season fixtures were announced on 23 June 2017. The season began on 11 August 2017 and concluded in April 2018; the Europa League play-offs followed afterwards. Teams played each other twice on a home and away basis, before the league split into two groups at the end of January 2018 – the top six and the bottom six.

On 26 April 2018 the FAW Club Licensing Appeals Body decided to revoke Bangor City's Tier 1 and UEFA licence meaning that they would automatically drop down to the second level of Welsh football the next season and would not be able to compete for a place in the following season's Europa League.

The New Saints F.C.
The New Saints of Oswestry Town & Llansantffraid Football Club, commonly known as The New Saints (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-droed y Seintiau Newydd) or TNS FC are a professional football club that play in the Cymru Premier, part of the Welsh football system, but are based completely within England, in Oswestry, Shropshire.

They are the most successful club in the Welsh league structure, with 17 league titles to their name. Since the 2001–02 season, they have finished as champions or runners-up in every season, apart from 2008–09, where they finished third in the league. They became the first side playing in the Welsh league system to qualify for the group or league stage of any European competition after reaching the league phase of the UEFA Conference League for the first time in the 2024–25 season.
Nakhimov District
Nakhimovskyi District (Ukrainian: Нахімовський район) or Nakhimovskiy District (Russian: Нахимовский район) is an urban district of the city of Sevastopol, named after Russian admiral Pavel Stepanovich Nakhimov. Population: 86,963 (2014 Census). Sevastopol International Airport is located in the district.

Sevastopol International Airport
Sevastopol International Airport Belbek (IATA: UKS, ICAO: UKFB) is a military airfield near the village of Fruktove (formerly known as Belbek), near Sevastopol, Crimea. It was also used for civil aviation for six years from 2002 to 2007 under Ukrainian administration.

Since 2014, following the start of the Russo-Ukrainian War and the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, the base has been operated by the Russian Ministry of Defence. In 2017, plans were published under Russian administration to restore the airfield into an international airport by 2020, but these did not materialize.

The base was home to the 38th Fighter Aviation Regiment, which flies the Sukhoi Su-27 and Sukhoi Su-30 as part of the 27th Composite Aviation Division of the 4th Air and Air Defence Forces Army. After a series of explosions, the unit was withdrawn from the airport at the end of 2022.

NASA's FIRMS imagery shows that runway 07L/25R has been extended to 3.45 km.
Jolyon Connell
Jon (Jolyon) Christopher Neill Connell (born 16 May 1952) is a British journalist and publisher. He founded The Week in 1995 and MoneyWeek in 2000. He is also the founder of The Knowledge and the co-founder of Sunday Briefing.

A former Washington correspondent of The Sunday Times, and deputy editor of The Sunday Telegraph, he was Editor-in-Chief of The Week from its launch until 2003 and thereafter its Editorial Director before leaving the magazine in 2019 after its sale to the private equity firm, Exonent. He founded The Knowledge in 2021.

MoneyWeek
MoneyWeek is a British weekly investment title that is published as a weekly magazine and in a number of digital formats (website, email newsletters and a mobile app). It provides commentary and analysis of UK and global markets, as well as property, tax and personal finance news. MoneyWeek is edited in London.
Kurunegala Warriors
Kurunegala Warriors cricket team is one of the five provincial cricket teams which make up the Sri Lankan domestic cricket structure representing mainly two districts of North Western Province, Sri Lanka, and with some nearby provinces. In previous occasions, the province was included in to Wayamba cricket team, where part of them was combined in this season as Kurunegala Warriors. The cricket team's first participation came during the Twenty20 competition known as the Inter-Provincial Twenty20 2016 season which was known as Super T20 Provincial Tournament.

The team plays their matches in Colombo R. Premadasa Stadium, though the home ground is Welagedara Stadium. Mahela Udawatte is the captain of the side. Chamara Kapugedera, Upul Tharanga and Nuwan Pradeep are some of the other notable current Test cricketers and Limited overs cricketers in the national side.

SLC Super Provincial Twenty20
SLC Super Provincial Twenty20, earlier known as SLC Inter-Provincial Twenty20, was a Twenty20 domestic Cricket competition in Sri Lanka held by Sri Lanka Cricket. It was one of three Inter-Provincial Cricket tournaments. Sri Lanka used to have a Twenty20 Tournament which was conducted from 2004 to 2008 and was held between the clubs in Sri Lanka. From 2008 to 2011 the Inter-Provincial Twenty20 became the mainstream domestic Twenty20 competition in Sri Lanka. Wayamba elevens has been in all finals and won the first three tournaments, while Ruhuna won the final tournament. It was replaced by the Sri Lanka Premier League in 2012, but later revived in 2013, as Super Fours Provincial T20 Tournament and in 2016 as Super T20 Provincial Tournament.
The History of Western Education
The History of Western Education is a 1921 book by a Scottish educator William Boyd, head of the Department of Education at Glasgow University in the first half of the 20th century.

The work has been described as a "immensely successful" and "classic" and received ten editions between 1921 and 1972.

The 4th edition has been described as having "established itself as a standard work in the field of educational history".

The 7th edition has been expanded b Edmund J. King.

William Boyd (educator)
William Boyd was a Scottish educator (1874-1962) and head of the Education Department at the University of Glasgow for nearly four decades.

He is best known for his classic The History of Western Education which received 10 editions from 1921 to 1972.

He was active in the Scottish Council for Research in Education.
Wizardry (video game series)
Wizardry is a series of role-playing video games originally created by American publisher Sir-Tech. The series was influential in the evolution of modern role-playing video games alongside Ultima and Might and Magic. The original Wizardry was a significant influence on early console role-playing games such as Shin Megami Tensei, Dragon Slayer, the Shining series, Fire Emblem, Final Fantasy and Dragon Quest. Originally made for the Apple II, the games were later ported to other platforms. The last game in the original series by Sir-Tech was Wizardry 8, released in 2001. There have since been various spin-off titles developed for the Japanese market.

Dungeon crawl
A dungeon crawl is a type of scenario in fantasy role-playing games (RPGs) in which heroes navigate a labyrinth environment (a "dungeon"), battling various monsters, avoiding traps, solving puzzles, and looting any treasure they may find. Video games and board games which predominantly feature dungeon crawl elements are considered to be a genre.
Stevens Institute of Technology International
Stevens Institute of Technology International (SITI; Spanish: Stevens Instituto Especializado de Estudios Superiores) is a defunct private university in the Dominican Republic that offered technology and technology management education, taught in English.

The school was founded on July 18, 2006, and was associated with Stevens Institute of Technology, in Hoboken, New Jersey. SITI opened its doors on September 28, 2007. Its campus was at the Parque Cibernetico de Santo Domingo. SITI offered master's degrees in Information Systems and Manufacturing Technology. These programs required 40 credits including a masters thesis.

Harold J. Raveché, then President of the Stevens Institute of Technology, served as the Rector of SITI; the Vice-Rector was Lex McCusker, then Associate Dean of the Wesley J. Howe School of Technology Management at Stevens.

Raveché left Stevens in 2010, and in 2016 its corporate charter was dissolved.

Harold J. Raveché
Harold Joseph Raveché  (born March 18, 1943) was the sixth President of Stevens Institute of Technology in Hoboken, New Jersey. He is the founder and president of Innovation Strategies International, a global education-innovation consulting firm.
James Wilson (darts player)
James Wilson (born 25 February 1972) is an English darts player who competed in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) and British Darts Organisation (BDO) events.

Wilson won two BDO major titles: the 2013 Zuiderduin Masters and the 2014 World Trophy.

In the PDC, Wilson reached two premier event quarter-finals: at the 2016 European Championship and the 2018 World Grand Prix.

2013 Zuiderduin Masters
The 2013 Zuiderduin Masters was a BDO/WDF darts tournament that took place in Egmond aan Zee, Netherlands.

James Wilson won the tournament for the first time, beating defending champion and number one seed Stephen Bunting in the final.
Col de Prat-de-Bouc
The Col de Prat-de-Bouc is a mountain pass at an altitude of 1,392 meters located in the Mounts of Cantal, in the department of the same name, within the Massif Central. It is situated east of the Plomb du Cantal. At the foot of the pass lies the Lioran resort and the Prat de Bouc - Haute Planèze Nordic area.

Mounts of Cantal
The Mounts of Cantal (or Volcanoes of Cantal; French: Monts du Cantal [mɔ̃ dy kɑ̃tal]; Occitan: Munts del Cantal) are a mountainous massif in the mid-west of the Massif Central, France, made up of the remnants of the largest stratovolcano of Europe, which was formed from 13 million years ago and last erupted approximately 2 million years ago, reaching estimated heights between 3,500 and 4,000 meters. However, the main part of the volcanic activity was concentrated between 8.5 and 7 million years. Thereafter, the original volcano was largely eroded, massive landslides occurred, and it was further eroded by glaciers and water.
Stay Down (album)
Stay Down is the fifth studio album by the American, Chicago-based pop punk group, Smoking Popes. Released on Curb Appeal Records on August 5, 2008, it was the band's first studio album since their 2005 reunion and their first album of original material since 1997's Destination Failure. It's the only Smoking Popes album to feature drummer Ryan Chavez, who joined the band in 2006.

Smoking Popes
Smoking Popes is an American pop punk band from the northwest suburbs of Chicago. They are composed of brothers Matt Caterer (bass), Josh Caterer (lead vocals/guitar) and Eli Caterer (guitar/backing vocals) and Mike Felumlee (drums).
James Wild (politician)
James Oliver Wild (born 5 January 1977) is a British Conservative Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for North West Norfolk since 2019. He has been Shadow Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury since November 2024, and was Shadow Minister for Education from July to November 2024.

Shadow Exchequer Secretary to the Treasury
The shadow exchequer secretary to the treasury is a member of the Official Opposition frontbench in the United Kingdom. The officeholder shadows the exchequer secretary to the treasury. The current officeholder is Conservative MP James Wild  shadowing James Murray on the Treasury bench.
Verano Brianza
Verano Brianza (Milanese: Veran) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Monza and Brianza in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Milan. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 8,968 and an area of 3.5 square kilometres (1.4 sq mi).

Verano Brianza borders the following municipalities: Briosco, Giussano, Carate Brianza.

Province of Monza and Brianza
The province of Monza and Brianza (Italian: provincia di Monza e della Brianza; Brianzoeu: provincia de Monscia e de la Brianza) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Located in the northwest of the region, it is named after its capital and largest municipality, the Monza, and the geographical, historical and cultural area of Brianza in which it is entirely comprised.
E. Norman Veasey
Eugene Norman Veasey (born January 9, 1933) is a former Chief Justice of the Delaware Supreme Court.

Born in Wilmington, Delaware, Veasey attended the local schools, before completing his secondary education at the Peddie School, and receiving a B.A. from Dartmouth College in 1954, and an LL.B. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1957. From his admission to the Delaware bar in 1958 until 1993, Veasey practiced was the law firm of Richards, Layton & Finger. There, he became a partner in 1963, managing partner in the 1970s, and president of the firm in the mid-1980s.

In 1992, Veasey was nominated by Governor Michael N. Castle to a seat as Chief Justice of the Delaware Supreme Court. He was unanimously confirmed by the Delaware State Senate, and was invested as chief justice on April 7, 1992. Veasey stepped down from the court in May, 2004.

Peddie School
The Peddie School is a non-denominational, coeducational college preparatory school located on a 280-acre (110 ha) campus in Hightstown, New Jersey, United States that serves boarding and day students in the ninth through twelfth grades, as well as post-graduates. The school is accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1928.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 516 students and 71.8 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 7.2:1. For the 2023–24 school year, the school had an acceptance rate of 22%. Peddie had 62% of students in residence. The student body represented 26 states as well as 29 foreign countries. Peddie had an average class size of 12.

James Hamilton became head of school in July 2025. He succeeded Peter Quinn, who had been in the position for more than a decade.
Ferdinando Tacconi
Ferdinando Tacconi (December 27, 1922 – May 11, 2006) was an Italian comics artist.

Tacconi was born in Milan.  He earned a degree in Applied Arts from Castello Sforzesco. After collaborating as an illustrator to the magazines Grazia and Confidenze, Tacconi entered the comics field after World War II, debuting with the comic series Sciuscià and later working on a number of comics in Italy, France, and the United Kingdom. For Junior Express, he worked on Journey into Space and Jeff Hawke.

His main works included Gli Aristocratici, which he co-created with Alfredo Castelli, L'uomo del Deserto, L'uomo di Rangoon, Dylan Dog and Nick Raider. He often worked for Il Giornalino where he co-created with Gino D'Antonio the series Susanna and Uomini senza gloria.

Tacconi died in Milan after a long period of poor health.  He was 83.

Jeff Hawke
Jeff Hawke was a British science fiction comic strip created by Sydney Jordan. It was published in the Daily Express from 15 February 1954 to 18 April 1974, by which point Jordan had "written or co-written and drawn 6,474 episodes." Despite its obscurity in English-speaking countries, it is often regarded as one of the most important science fiction comics ever released, especially in Italy and Scandinavian countries.
Drowning in the Sea of Love (The Adventures song)
"Drowning in the Sea of Love" is a song by Northern Irish band the Adventures, which was released in 1988 as the second single from their second studio album The Sea of Love. The song was written by Pat Gribben and produced by Pete Smith. "Drowning in the Sea of Love" peaked at No. 44 on the UK Singles Chart and No. 15 on the Irish Singles Chart.

The Adventures
The Adventures are a Northern Irish rock/pop band, formed in Belfast in 1984 who had a number of hits during the 1980s and early 1990s.

The band moved to London where they signed to Chrysalis Records and released their first single in 1984. Following their debut album, the group moved to Elektra Records and scored their biggest hit, "Broken Land". Written by guitarist Pat Gribben, it reached number 20 in the UK Singles Chart, and became the most played song on BBC Radio 1 in 1988.

The band were actively recording and touring from 1984 up until 1993, but despite being managed by the highly-influential Simon Fuller, The Adventures never achieved a significant commercial breakthrough.

The band have reformed several times to play live gigs and festivals in Belfast, including in 1997, twice in the 2000s, and in 2019. They have performed at The Empire, Belfast for three consecutive years; 2023, 2024 & 2025. After more than 30 years a new studio album was released in 2025.
Riders of the Night
Riders of the Night is a 1918 American silent drama film directed by John H. Collins and starred his wife Viola Dana. It was produced and distributed by the Metro Pictures company.

A print is held at EYE Institute, Amsterdam aka Filmmuseum Amsterdam.

John H. Collins (director)
John H. Collins (December 31, 1889 – October 31, 1918)  was an American writer and director of the silent film era. He married film actress Viola Dana. His career was cut short when he died at the age of 28 due to the 1918 influenza epidemic. During his career which began in 1914, he directed more than 40 features and film shorts, and wrote the scenario for over a dozen more features. His 1917 film The Girl Without a Soul was selected by the National Film Registry to be preserved by the Library of Congress. His final works were shown posthumously in 1919.
71st Fighter Wing
The 71st Fighter Wing (71 FW) is a disbanded unit of the United States Air Force, last stationed at Lambert Field, St. Louis, Missouri. It was withdrawn from the Missouri Air National Guard (MO ANG) and inactivated on 31 October 1950.

This wing is not related to the 71st Tactical Reconnaissance Wing or subsequent units that was constituted on 18 August 1948 and activated on 25 October 1948.

IX Fighter Command
The IX Fighter Command was a United States Army Air Forces formation.  Its last assignment was with the Ninth Air Force, based at Erlangen, Germany, where it was inactivated on 16 November 1945.

IX Fighter Command was the primary tactical fighter air arm of Ninth Air Force in the Western Desert Campaign in North Africa during 1942–1943.  Transferred to England, it became the dominant tactical air force over the skies of Western Europe during the 1944 Battle of Normandy and the Western Allied invasion of Germany in 1945.

After its inactivation, the majority of its (along with Twelfth Air Force) units were incorporated into the postwar United States Air Force Tactical Air Command.
Joik
A joik or yoik (anglicised, where the latter spelling in English conforms with the pronunciation; also named luohti, vuolle, vuelie, or juoiggus in the Sámi languages) is a traditional form of song in Sámi music performed by the Sámi people of Sápmi in Northern Europe. A performer of joik is called a joikaaja (in Finnish), a joiker (in Norwegian, and anglicised) or jojkare (in Swedish). Originally, joik referred to only one of several Sami singing styles, but in English the word is often used to refer to all types of traditional Sami singing. As an art form, each joik is meant to reflect or evoke a person, animal, or place.

The sound of joik is comparable to the traditional chanting of some Native American cultures. Joik shares some features with the shamanistic cultures of Siberia, which mimic the sounds of nature.

Noaidi
A noaidi (Northern Sami: noaidi, Lule Sami: noajdde, Pite Sami: nåjjde, Southern Sami: nåejttie, Skolt Sami: nåidd, Kildin Sami: нуэййт / но̄ййт, Ter Sami: ныэййтӭ) is a shaman of the Sami people in the Nordic countries, playing a role in Sámi religious practices. Most noaidi practices died out during the 17th century, most likely because they resisted Christianization of the Sámi people and the king's authority. Their actions were referred to in courts as "magic" or "sorcery" (cf. witchcraft). Several Sámi shamanistic beliefs and practices are similar to those of some Siberian cultures.