hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Transmyocardial revascularization
Transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMR) is a procedure used to treat inoperable heart disease in people with persistent angina that is not relieved by any other revascularization method.

Most people with coronary artery disease are treated with angioplasty and stenting or coronary bypass surgery and medications to improve blood flow to the heart muscle. The objective of each of these approaches is to increase blood flow through the coronary arteries to the heart. When these treatment options are exhausted, the patient is left with no viable surgical alternative other than, in limited cases, heart transplantation.  Without a viable surgical alternative, the patient is generally managed with drug therapy, often with significant lifestyle limitations.

TMR, or transmyocardial laser revascularization, is a newer treatment aimed at improving blood flow to areas of the heart that were not treated by angioplasty or surgery.

Revascularization
In medical and surgical therapy, revascularization is the restoration of perfusion to a body part or organ that has had ischemia. It is typically accomplished by surgical means. Vascular bypass and angioplasty are the two primary means of revascularization.

The term derives from the prefix re-, in this case meaning "restoration" and vasculature, which refers to the circulatory structures of an organ.

It is often combined with "urgent" to form urgent vascularization.

Revascularization involves a thorough analysis and diagnosis and treatment of the existing diseased vasculature of the affected organ, and can be aided by the use of different imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging, PET scan, CT scan, and X-ray fluoroscopy.
Recession of 1953
The recession of 1953 was a period of economic downturn in the United States that began in the second quarter of 1953 and lasted until the first quarter of 1954. The total recession cost roughly $56 billion. It has been described by James L. Sundquist, a staff member of the Bureau of the Budget and speechwriter for President Harry S. Truman, as "relatively mild and brief." The 1953 recession is an example of a V-shaped recession, with a sharp three quarter decline that is followed by a sharp recovery.

Recession shapes
Recession shapes or recovery shapes are used by economists to describe different types of recessions and their subsequent recoveries.  There is no specific academic theory or classification system for recession shapes; rather the terminology is used as an informal shorthand to characterize recessions and their recoveries.  The most commonly used terms are V-shaped (with variations of square-root shaped, and Nike-swoosh shaped), U-shaped, W-shaped (also known as a double-dip recession), and L-shaped recessions, with the COVID-19 pandemic leading to the K-shaped recession (also known as a two-stage recession).  The names derive from the shape the economic data – particularly GDP – takes during the recession and recovery.
Townsend discharge
In electromagnetism, the Townsend discharge or Townsend avalanche is an ionisation process for gases where free electrons are accelerated by an electric field, collide with gas molecules, and consequently free additional electrons.  Those electrons are in turn accelerated and free additional electrons.  The result is an avalanche multiplication that permits significantly increased electrical conduction through the gas. The discharge requires a source of free electrons and a significant electric field; without both, the phenomenon does not occur.

The Townsend discharge is named after John Sealy Townsend, who discovered the fundamental ionisation mechanism by his work circa 1897 at the Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge.

J. S. E. Townsend
Sir John Sealy Edward Townsend (7 June 1868 – 16 February 1957) was a British physicist who conducted various studies concerning the electrical conduction of gases (concerning the kinetics of electrons and ions) and directly measured the electric charge of the electron. He served as the first Wykeham Professor of Physics at the University of Oxford from 1900 until 1941.
Moonwind
Moonwind is a 1986 science fiction novel by English author Louise Lawrence about two teenagers winning a trip to the Moon. One of them, Gareth, a rebellious Welsh child, falls in love with an alien, Bethkahn, after the two meet on a couple of brief encounters. In the final pages of the book Gareth walks out onto the Moon to his death, just before shouting "I am here, Bethkahn".

Louise Lawrence (author)
Elizabeth Holden (5 June 1943 – 6 December 2013), better known by her pen name Louise Lawrence, was an English science fiction author best known for her work published in the 1970s and 1980s. She has been classified as a writer for young adults. She died on 6 December 2013 of a heart attack in her home at Kiltimagh in Ireland, after suffering from heart problems a number of years earlier.
Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Zakho
The Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Zakho is a dialect of Northeastern Neo-Aramaic originally spoken by Jews in Zakho, Iraq. Following the exodus of Jews from the Muslim lands, most speakers now live in Israel, principally Jerusalem and surrounding villages.

Zakho
Zakho, also spelled Zaxo (Kurdish: زاخۆ, romanized: Zaxo or Zaco, Syriac: ܙܵܟ݂ܘܿ, romanized: Zāḵō, Armenian: Զախո, Arabic: زاخو, Lishanid Noshan: זאכו, romanized: Zāxo) is a city in Kurdistan Region, Iraq, at the centre of the Zakho District of the Dohuk Governorate, located a few kilometers from the Ibrahim Khalil border crossing. Zakho is known for its celebrations of Newroz.

The population of the town rose from about 30,000 in 1950 to 350,000 in 1992 due to Kurds fleeing from other areas of the country.

The original settlement may have been on a small island in the Little Khabur river, which flows west through the modern city to form the border between Iraq and Turkey, continuing into the Tigris. Other important rivers in the area are the Zeriza and the Seerkotik.
Azzam al-Ahmad
Azzam al-Ahmad (Arabic: عزام الأحمد; born 24 November 1947)  is a Palestinian politician, economist and diplomat. He holds a BA in economics from Baghdad University and has held various significant positions throughout his career. He was the head of the From 1971 to 1974, he served as the head of the General Union of Palestinian Students (GUPS) in Ba'athist Iraq, later becoming the deputy head of the GUPS Executive Committee from 1974 to 1980.

Al-Ahmad was the Palestine Liberation Organization's ambassador to Iraq from 1979 to 1994 and has been a member of Fatah's Revolutionary Council since 1989. He was elected in 1996 and re-elected in 2006 as a member of the Palestinian Legislative Council, representing the Jenin Governorate.

On 13 October 2022 he became one of the Palestinian reconciliation agreement signatories.

University of Baghdad
The University of Baghdad (UOB) (Arabic: جامعة بغداد), is a public research university in Baghdad, Iraq. It is the largest university in Iraq and the tenth largest in the Arab world. Established in 1957, it was the second largest university in the Arab world, after the University of Cairo. The university has four campuses across the city, located in Al-Jadriyah, Bab al-Muadhdham, Nahda Road and Wazeriya neighborhoods.

The first constituent was opened in 1908, followed by further institutions. Baghdad University provides academic programs in variety of fields such as engineering, medical sciences, liberal arts and religious education. The university maintains four campuses across the city, located in Al-Jadriyah, Bab al-Muadhdham, Wazeriya and Nahda Road.
Kaash
Kaash is a 1987 Bollywood film written and directed by Mahesh Bhatt. It is produced by the comedian Mehmood's brother Anwar Ali. The film was described as a semi-art film and upon release, received critical acclaim. Arshad Warsi made his film debut as an assistant director to Bhatt with this film.

Mehmood (actor)
Mehmood Ali (29 September 1932 – 23 July 2004), popularly known simply as Mehmood, was an Indian actor, singer, director and producer, best known for playing Comic,Serious,emotional and versatile roles in Hindi films.

During his career of more than four decades, he worked in over 300 Hindi films and was known as Bollywood's Original Bhaijaan. Mehmood received 25 nominations for film awards, 19 for 'Best Performance in a Comic Role', while the awards started in 1954, awards for the best comedian category started only in 1967. Prior to that Mehmood also received 6 nominations for 'Best Supporting Actor'.
1932 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team
The 1932 Notre Dame Fighting Irish football team was an American football team that represented the University of Notre Dame as an independent during the 1932 college football season. In its second season under head coach Hunk Anderson, the team compiled a 7–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 255 to 31. Paul Host was the team captain. The team played its home games at Notre Dame Stadium in South Bend, Indiana.

1932 college football season
The 1932 college football season saw the Michigan Wolverines win the Knute Rockne Memorial Trophy as national champion under the math-based Dickinson System.  Because the "Big Nine" conference didn't permit its teams to play in the postseason, however, the Wolverines were not able to accept a bid to the Rose Bowl. As such, the Pasadena game matched the No. 2 and No. 3 teams, USC and Pittsburgh, with the USC Trojans winning the east–west matchup 35–0. The other four contemporary math system selectors (the Boand, Dunkel, Houlgate, and Williamson Systems) all selected USC as national champion. This was also the last season NFL would use college football rules.
1948 NCAA baseball tournament
The 1948 NCAA baseball tournament was the second NCAA-sanctioned baseball tournament that determined a national champion.    The tournament was held as the conclusion of the 1948 NCAA baseball season.  The 1948 College World Series was played at Hyames Field on the campus of Western Michigan University in Kalamazoo, Michigan from June 25 to 26.  The tournament champion was Southern California coached by Sam Barry and Rod Dedeaux.  It was the Trojans' first of 12 championships through the 2022 season.

Rod Dedeaux
Raoul Martial "Rod" Dedeaux (February 17, 1914 – January 5, 2006) was an American college baseball coach who compiled what is widely recognized as among the greatest records of any coach in the sport's amateur history.

Dedeaux was the head baseball coach at the University of Southern California (USC) in Los Angeles for 45 seasons, and retired at age 72 in 1986. His teams won 11 national titles (College World Series), including a record five straight (1970–1974), and 28 conference championships. Dedeaux was named Coach of the Year six times by the Collegiate Baseball Coaches Association and was inducted into its Hall of Fame in 1970. He was named "Coach of the Century" by Collegiate Baseball magazine  and was one of ten initial inductees to the College Baseball Hall of Fame.

Dedeaux also coached the United States national team at two different editions of the Summer Olympic Games: Tokyo 1964 and Los Angeles 1984.
Sandesh (confectionery)
Sandesh (Bengali: সন্দেশ Shôndesh) is a dessert, originating from the Bengal region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, created with milk and sugar. Some recipes of sandesh call for the use of chhena or paneer (which is made by curdling the milk and separating the whey from it) instead of milk itself. Some people in the region of Dhaka make a variety of sandesh called pranahara (literally 'heart stealer') which is softer and made with mawa and yogurt. Basirhat is known for its kachagolla sandesh. Historically, it can be seen that the culture of making this kachagolla in Basirhat is about 400 years old. The Gupo or Gufo style of sandesh from Guptipara is considered by some to be the "first branded sweet of Bengal".

Basirhat
Basirhat is a city and a Greater Municipal Urban Agglomeration region of North 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It serves as the headquarters of the Basirhat subdivision and is the largest city in the  eastern part of North 24 Parganas. Established on April 1, 1869, Basirhat is one of the oldest municipal boards in West Bengal. There's a proposal to carve out a new Basirhat district from the existing North 24 Parganas district. The district headquarters is planned to be in the city of Basirhat. The city is famous for Durga Puja and home of more than 100 durga puja committees.

Basirhat ranks among the cleanest cities of India, in terms of waste management, according to a survey held by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs of Central Government of India. Basirhat is the first city of West Bengal to launch QR code based geo tagging system for real time monitoring of waste management.
Phalanna
Phalanna (Ancient Greek: Φάλαννα), was a town and polis (city-state) of the Perrhaebi in ancient Thessaly, situated on the left bank of the Peneius, southwest of Gonnus. Strabo says that the Homeric Orthe became the acropolis of Phalanna; but in the lists of Pliny Orthe and Phalanna occur as two distinct towns. Phalanna was said to have derived its name from a daughter of Tyro. It was written Phalannus in Ephorus, and was called Hippia by Hecataeus of Miletus. Phalanna is mentioned by Livy as near Mylae and Gyrton during the Third Macedonian War between the Romans and Perseus of Macedon in 171 BCE.

The site of Phalanna is in the modern community of Damasi (Δαμάσι) near the village of Damasouli (Δαμασούλι).

Damasi, Larissa
Damasi (Greek: Δαμάσι, Greek pronunciation: [ða'masi]) is a village and a community of the Tyrnavos municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was a part of the municipality of Tyrnavos. The community of Damasi covers an area of 143.35 km2. In the territory of Damasi lies the site of the ancient city of Phalanna.
John Smrke
John Smrke (born February 25, 1956) is a Canadian-born American former professional ice hockey player who played 103 games in the National Hockey League with the St. Louis Blues and Quebec Nordiques between 1977 and 1980.

Smrke was born in Chicoutimi, Quebec and raised in Rochester, New York. His father was former NHLer Stan Smrke. He lived in Toronto while his father played in Rochester, and would occasionally visit during the season. As a youth, Smrke played in the 1969 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with the Scarboro Lions minor ice hockey team.

Chicoutimi
Chicoutimi (/ʃɪˈkuːtɪmi/ shih-KOO-tim-ee, French: [ʃikutimi]) is the most populous borough (arrondissement) of the city of Saguenay in Quebec, Canada.

It is situated at the confluence of the Saguenay and Chicoutimi rivers. During the 20th century, it became the main administrative and commercial centre of the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region. In 2002 it merged into the new city of Saguenay and forms the heart of the 5th-largest urban area of the province of Quebec. At the 2021 census, its population was 69,004.
Kalamazoo/Battle Creek International Airport
Kalamazoo/Battle Creek International Airport (IATA: AZO, ICAO: KAZO, FAA LID: AZO) is a county-owned public airport in Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo County, Michigan, US, 3 miles (4.8 km) southeast of Downtown Kalamazoo. The airport is located approximately 20 miles (32 km) west of the city of Battle Creek. It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2023-27, in which it is categorized as a non-hub primary commercial service facility.

The airport has an Airport Traffic Control Tower (ATCT) and a Terminal Radar Approach Control (TRACON). It has one passenger terminal and five gates. Two airlines operate flights in and out of AZO.

North Central Airlines
North Central Airlines was a local service carrier, a scheduled airline in the Midwestern United States. Founded as Wisconsin Central Airlines in 1944 in Clintonville, Wisconsin, the company moved to Madison in 1947. This is also when the "Herman the duck" logo was born on Wisconsin Central's first Lockheed Electra 10A, NC14262, in 1948. North Central's headquarters were moved to Minneapolis–St. Paul in 1952.

Following a merger with Southern Airways in 1979, North Central became Republic Airlines, which in turn was merged into Northwest Airlines in 1986. Northwest Airlines was then merged into Delta Air Lines in 2010.
Chang Chen-yue
Ayal Komod (born 2 May 1974), better known by his stage name A-Yue or Chang Chen-yue (Chinese: 張震嶽; pinyin: Zhāng Zhènyùe; Wade–Giles: Chang Chen-yue; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tiuⁿ Chìn-ga̍k), is an aboriginal Taiwanese rock and Hip-Hop musician, songwriter, singer and guitarist, and the frontman of his band, Free Night, also known as Free9. He is most widely known for his 1998 hit song "Ai Wo Bie Zou" (Love me, don't go). His 2013 album I am Ayal Komod  was awarded the Best Album Award during the 25th Golden Melody Awards.

Chang is a Taiwanese aborigine of the Amis people.

Taiwanese rock
The Taiwanese rock is rock music from Taiwan. Taiwanese rock has been influenced by British, American, and Japanese rock over the latter half of the 20th century. As a genre, it is nurtured by regular festivals, notably the annual Spring Scream, Hohaiyan and Formoz festivals.
The Line (TV series)
The Line is a Canadian television drama series, which debuted on Movie Central and The Movie Network on March 16, 2009. It centred on two morally ambiguous police officers in the Scarborough district of Toronto.

The series, an expansion of George F. Walker's theatrical play Adult Entertainment, was originally announced under the working title The Weight. It was created Walker and Dani Romain, produced by The Nightingale Company, and shot by Richmond Street Films. It was originally shot as two distinct seasons of seven and eight episodes respectively, but aired as one continuous 15-episode run.

The show was commonly compared by Canadian television critics to the American crime drama series Brotherhood and The Wire.

George F. Walker
George F. Walker (born August 23, 1947) is a Canadian playwright and screenwriter. He is one of Canada's most prolific playwrights, and also one of the most widely produced Canadian dramatists both in Canada and internationally.
40 Charter Street
40 Charter Street is a residential skyscraper under construction within the Wood Wharf development on the Isle of Dogs in London, England.

Part of Phase Three of the larger Wood Wharf masterplan, the building is being developed by the Canary Wharf Group. It was designed by the architecture firm KPF and rises to 178.6 metres (586 ft).

The building was a finalist for the Net Zero Award at the Building Awards 2024, and a finalist at the New London Awards 2023. It has won the Best Digital Transformation Award at the 2025 Building Innovation Awards.

Kohn Pedersen Fox
Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates (KPF) is an American architectural firm based in New York City that provides architecture, interior, programming and master planning services. They engineer different projects including civic and cultural spaces, commercial office buildings, transportation facilities, residential and hospitality developments, educational and institutional facilities, and mixed-use commercial developments.
I'm Going Away
I'm Going Away is The Fiery Furnaces' seventh album.  It was released, on CD and LP, on July 21, 2009 in the US and August 24, 2009 in the UK.

The CD version was presented in a 4 panel mini-LP style jacket.

The LP version was pressed on high quality 180 gram virgin vinyl at RTI and was presented in an old-style tip-on gatefold jacket with MP3 download coupon.

Jason Loewenstein
Jason Loewenstein (born July 20, 1971) is an American alternative rock singer, songwriter, multi-instrumentalist, producer, and a member of the indie-rock bands Sebadoh, The Fiery Furnaces, and Circle of Buzzards. He grew up in Northampton, Massachusetts, where he attended Northampton High School, and now resides in Brooklyn, New York.
Melody (1971 film)
Melody (title changed to S.W.A.L.K., which stands for Sealed With a Loving Kiss, for British Lion) is a 1971 British children's romantic comedy-drama film directed by Waris Hussein, centered on the theme of puppy love. The film stars Jack Wild, Mark Lester, and Tracy Hyde.

Keith Barron
Keith Barron (8 August 1934 – 15 November 2017) was an English actor and television presenter who appeared in films and on television from 1961 until 2017. His television roles included the police drama The Odd Man, the sitcom Duty Free, and, playing Gregory Wilmot in period drama Upstairs, Downstairs.
Kira Institute
The Kira Institute is a non-profit organization. It was founded in 1997 to encourage open inquiry
concerning the nature of scientific knowledge and its relation
to other perspectives drawn from a wide variety of fields.

The founders were Piet Hut (astrophysicist at the Institute for
Advanced Study in Princeton), Roger Shepard (then cognitive
psychologist at Stanford University), Steven Tainer (instructor
at the Institute for World Religions), Bas van Fraassen (then
philosopher of science at Princeton University), and Arthur Zajonc
(physicist at Amherst College).

Roger Shepard
Roger Newland Shepard (January 30, 1929 – May 30, 2022) was an American cognitive scientist and author of the "universal law of generalization" (1987). He was considered a father of research on spatial relations. He studied mental rotation, and was an inventor of non-metric multidimensional scaling, a method for representing certain kinds of statistical data in a graphical form that can be comprehended by humans. The optical illusion called Shepard tables and the auditory illusion called Shepard tones are named for him.
Gabriele Taylor
E. Gabriele Taylor (born 11 October 1927) is a British philosopher and university teacher. She was fellow and tutor in philosophy at St Anne's College, Oxford, until her retirement in 1996. She notably taught the philosophers Roger Crisp and Constantine Sandis, and the politicians Edwina Currie and Danny Alexander. Since then she has continued work as a senior research fellow of the college, pursuing her own particular interests in ethics.

Constantine Sandis
Constantine Sandis FRSA (Greek: Κωνσταντίνος Σάνδης; born 1 October 1976) is a Greek and British philosopher and entrepreneur.  He works primarily on the philosophy of action, moral psychology, David Hume, and Ludwig Wittgenstein. Sandis is currently Research Associate at the Uehiro Oxford Institute, University of Oxford, Visiting Professor of Philosophy at the University of Hertfordshire, and Distinguished Visiting Faculty at the
Patrick J. Waide Center for Applied Ethics, Charles F. Dolan School of Business, Fairfield University. He is also the Chief Operations Officer and co-founding Director (together with CEO Louise Chapman) of the academic consulting and author services firm Lex Academic.  Sandis has previously held prestigious visiting Fellowships at Microsoft Research Cambridge and the Murphy Institute at Tulane University , and Centre de recherche en éthique, Montréal.
Wadeline Venlogh
Wadeline Venlogh (born February 19, 1998 in Gonaïves, Haiti) is a Haitian track and field athlete. Representing the United States, she won gold in the 4 × 400 m relay at the 2019 World Championships, placed fourth in the 400 m, claimed the gold medal in the women's 4 x 400 m relay at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics, and secured a bronze medal in the 4 × 400 m mixed relay at the 2022 World Championships. In 2025, Wadeline switched her sporting allegiance from the United States to Haiti, her country of birth.

2019 World Athletics Championships – Women's 4 × 400 metres relay
The women's 4 × 400 metres relay at the 2019 World Athletics Championships was held at the Khalifa International Stadium in Doha, Qatar, from 5 to 6 October 2019. In the final the Jamaican team were initially disqualified, but were reinstated as the bronze medallists upon appeal.