hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lauren Resnick
Lauren B. Resnick is an educational psychologist who has made notable contributions to the cognitive science of learning and instruction. She is a professor of psychology at the University of Pittsburgh, and was previously director of the University's Learning Research and Development Center. In 1986-1987, Resnick was the president of the American Educational Research Association. She received the 1998 E. L. Thorndike Award from the American Psychological Association.

Learning Research and Development Center
The Learning Research and Development Center (LRDC) at the University of Pittsburgh is an interdisciplinary center focused on describing, understanding, improving, and researching various aspects of human cognition and learning in order to improve and reform instruction and training in schools, the workplace, and informal environments.
Dana Dogaru
Dana Dogaru (born 1 August 1953) is a Romanian actress. She appeared in more than twenty films since 1977 and played at the Nottara Theater in Bucharest. In 2017 she received the Gopo Awards for best actress for her role in Sieranevada.

Born in Bucharest, she graduated in 1976 from the Caragiale National University of Theatre and Film, where she studied under Beate Fredanov.

Dogaru made her film debut in 1977 in E atât de aproape fericirea, directed by Andrei Cătălin Băleanu. She made her theater debut the same year as Eva in The Broken Jug by Heinrich von Kleist. In 2002, she was awarded the National Order of Faithful Service, Knight rank.

Gopo Awards
The Gopo Awards (Romanian: Premiile Gopo) are the national Romanian film awards, similar to the Academy Awards (US), the Goya Awards (Spain), or the César Award (France). They are presented by the Association for Romanian Film Promotion and were inaugurated in 2007.
Watership Down (film)
Watership Down is a 1978 British animated adventure-drama film, written, produced, and directed by Martin Rosen and based on the 1972 novel by Richard Adams. It features the voices of John Hurt, Richard Briers, Harry Andrews, Simon Cadell, Nigel Hawthorne, Roy Kinnear, and Zero Mostel in his final film role.

This feature length animation was financed by a consortium of British financial institutions and distributed by Cinema International Corporation in the United Kingdom. It was released on 19 October 1978 and was an immediate success, becoming the sixth-most popular film of 1979 at the UK box office.

Harry Andrews
Henry Stewart Fleetwood Andrews, CBE (10 November 1911 – 6 March 1989) was an English actor often known for his film portrayals of tough military officers. His performance as Regimental Sergeant Major Wilson in The Hill (1965) earned Andrews the National Board of Review Award for Best Supporting Actor and a nomination for the 1966 BAFTA Award for Best British Actor. The first of his more than 80 film appearances was in The Red Beret in 1953.

Prior to his film career, Andrews was a theatre actor, appearing at such venues as the Queen's Theatre, the Lyceum Theatre and the Shakespeare Memorial Theatre in the UK as well as theatres in New York City, Paris, Antwerp and Brussels. Andrews made his London theatre debut in 1935 at the St James's Theatre and his New York City debut in 1936 at the Empire Theatre.

Andrews was awarded the CBE in 1966.
Westover, Maryland
Westover is an unincorporated community in Somerset County, Maryland, United States. It is located on Maryland Route 413 near its terminus at U.S. Route 13. Owing to its central location in Somerset County, Westover is home to many important services and businesses.

Westover has a post office with the zip code of 21871, located at 8930 Crisfield Hwy. Its area code is 410.

Somerset County, Maryland
Somerset County is the southernmost county in the U.S. state of Maryland. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 24,620, making it the second-least populous county in Maryland. The county seat is Princess Anne. The county is part of the Lower Eastern Shore region of the state.

The county was named for Mary, Lady Somerset, the wife of Sir John Somerset and daughter of Thomas Arundell, 1st Baron Arundell of Wardour (c. 1560–1639). She was also the sister of Anne Calvert, Baroness Baltimore (1615–1649), who later lent her name to Anne Arundel County, which was erected in 1650 as the Province of Maryland's third county.

Somerset County is located on the state's Eastern Shore. It is included in the Salisbury, MD-DE Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The University of Maryland Eastern Shore is located in Princess Anne.
Villar Residence
The Villar Residence, mistakenly called Haedo for many years, is a 19th-century building in the Retiro neighborhood of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is located on Avenida Santa Fe, to the southwest of the Torre Monumental and across the street from Plaza San Martín, in close proximity to the Plaza Hotel. It was built as a residence for colonel Reinaldo Villar (1830-1908), a wealthy landowner from Entre Ríos province, and his family.

Plaza San Martín (Buenos Aires)
Plaza San Martín (English: San Martín Square) is a park located in the Retiro neighbourhood of Buenos Aires, Argentina.  Situated at the northern end of pedestrianized Florida Street, the park is bounded by Libertador Ave. (N), Maipú St. (W), Santa Fe Avenue (S), and Leandro Alem Av. (E). Its coordinates are 34°35′42″S 58°22′32″W﻿ / ﻿34.59500°S 58.37556°W﻿ / -34.59500; -58.37556.
Buphagus (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Buphagus (Ancient Greek: Βουφάγος), son of Iapetus and Thornax, was an Arcadian hero and husband of Promne. He received the wounded Iphicles, the brother of Heracles, into his house, and took care of him until he died. Buphagus was later killed by Artemis on Mount Pholoe for committing an "unholy sin against her godhead".

Buphagus (which means bull, cattle-eater) was also a surname of Heracles, Lepreus, and others, who were believed to have eaten a whole bull at once.

Iphicles
In Greek mythology, Iphicles (/ˈɪfɪˌkliːz/ or /ˈaɪfɪˌkliːz/; Ancient Greek: Ἰφικλῆς Iphiklēs), also called Iphiclus, was the maternal half-twin brother of Heracles and one of the Calydonian boar hunters.
2009–10 figure skating season
The 2009–10 figure skating season began on 1 July 2009, and ended on 30 June 2010. During this season, elite skaters competed at the Olympic level at the 2010 Winter Olympics, on the ISU Championship level at the 2010 European, Four Continents, World Junior, and World Championships. They also competed in elite competitions such as the 2009–10 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating.

Figure skating season
The figure skating season is the period of time in which competitions are contested in the sport of figure skating. The skating season begins on July 1 of one year and lasts until June 30 of the next year, thus spanning a full 12 months. The seasons are referred to by the years they span; for example, the 2017–18 figure skating season began in July 2017 and ended in June 2018.
Making Contact (album)
Making Contact is the eleventh studio album by English hard rock band UFO, released in January 1983. It was their first album without founder and bassist Pete Way. UFO disbanded after an unsuccessful European tour and a few UK dates in 1983.

Phil Mogg
Phillip John Mogg (born 15 April 1948, Wood Green, London) is an English singer. He was the lead singer and frontman of the hard rock band UFO, which he co-founded with longtime friends Pete Way, Andy Parker and Mick Bolton in 1968.
Elisa & Marcela
Elisa & Marcela (Spanish: Elisa y Marcela) is a 2019 Spanish biographical romantic drama film directed by Isabel Coixet. Starring Natalia de Molina and Greta Fernández, the plot concerns the story of Elisa Sánchez Loriga and Marcela Gracia Ibeas, two women who posed as a heterosexual couple in order to marry in 1901 at Church of Saint George in A Coruña, becoming the first same-sex matrimony recorded in Spain.

First same-sex marriage in Spain
The first same-sex marriage in Spain occurred on 8 June 1901. Two women, Marcela Gracia Ibeas and Elisa Sánchez Loriga, attempted to get married in A Coruña (Galicia, Spain). To achieve it Elisa had to present masculine and adopt a masculine name: Mario Sánchez, as listed on the marriage certificate. It is the first attempt at same-sex marriage in Spain for which there is recorded evidence. It was performed by the Church, in the parish church of Saint George of the same city. The marriage certificate was never annulled.

Their matrimonial union took place more than 100 years before same-sex couples were permitted to be married in Spain. The two worked as teachers at a time when the vast majority of the Galician population was illiterate. This event could be considered a precedent for same-sex marriage in Spain. News of their wedding was spread to all Spain and to various European countries. The couple escaped to Argentina.
The 100 Lives of Black Jack Savage
Disney Presents The 100 Lives of Black Jack Savage is an American fantasy comedy-drama television series broadcast in the United States by NBC and produced by Stephen J. Cannell Productions in association with Walt Disney Television. The show originated as a television film. The program originally aired from March 31 to May 26, 1991, and lasted less than one season.

Daniel Hugh Kelly
Daniel Hugh Kelly (born August 10, 1952) is an American stage, film and television actor. He is best known for his role on the 1980s ABC TV series Hardcastle and McCormick (1983–1986) as the ex-con Mark "Skid" McCormick, co-starring with actor Brian Keith.
Young temperament
In music theory, Young temperament is one of the circulating temperaments described by Thomas Young in a letter dated 9 July 1799, to the Royal Society of London. The letter was read at the Society's meeting of 16 January 1800, and included in its Philosophical Transactions for that year.
The temperaments are referred to individually as Young's first temperament and Young's second temperament, more briefly as Young's No. 1 and Young's No. 2, or with some other variations of these expressions.

Young argued that there were good reasons for choosing a temperament to make "the harmony most perfect in those keys which are the most frequently used", and presented his first temperament as a way of achieving this. He gave his second temperament as a method of "very simply" producing "nearly the same effect".

Thomas Young (scientist)
Thomas Young FRS (13 June 1773 – 10 May 1829) was a British polymath who made notable contributions to the fields of vision, light, solid mechanics, energy, physiology, language, musical harmony, and Egyptology. He was instrumental in the decipherment of Egyptian hieroglyphs, specifically the Rosetta Stone.

Young's work influenced that of William Herschel, Hermann von Helmholtz, James Clerk Maxwell, and Albert Einstein. Young is credited with establishing Christiaan Huygens' wave theory of light, in contrast to the corpuscular theory of Isaac Newton. Young's work was subsequently supported by the work of Augustin-Jean Fresnel.
John Simkin
Wilfred John Simkin CMG (15 June 1883  – 8 July 1967) was the 6th Anglican Bishop of Auckland whose episcopate spanned a 20-year period during the middle of the 20th century. Born in Staffordshire he was educated at St. Oswald's School, (later Ellesmere College, Ellesmere, Shropshire)  and Lichfield Theological College before embarking on an ecclesiastical career with a curacy at  Christ Church, Stafford. Emigrating to New Zealand in 1911 he was successively Vicar of Wairoa, Private Chaplain to the Bishop of Waiapu and Archdeacon of Hawkes Bay/Manukau before appointment to the See of Auckland in 1940. He was consecrated bishop on 11 June 1940. An enigmatic man, he worked tirelessly to complete the building of Holy Trinity Cathedral.

In 1953, Simkin was awarded the Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal. In the 1965 Queen's Birthday Honours, he was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George, for services to the community.

Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal
The Queen Elizabeth II Coronation Medal (French: Médaille du couronnement de la Reine Élizabeth II) is a commemorative medal instituted to celebrate the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II on 2 June 1953.
Tour de Famelon
The Tour de Famelon (2,143 m) is a mountain of the Swiss Prealps, located north of Leysin in the canton of Vaud. It lies between the Tour de Mayen and the Pierre du Moëllé, on the range lying between the lake of Hongrin and the valley of Ormont Dessous and Ormont Dessus.

Pierre du Moëllé
The Pierre du Moëllé (el. 1661 m.) is a high mountain pass in the Swiss Alps, connecting Leysin to the lake of Hongrin in the canton of Vaud. The pass lies between the Tour de Famelon and the Gros Van.
Democratic Union (Israel)
The Democratic Union (Hebrew: המחנה הדמוקרטי, romanized: HaMaḥaneh HaDemokrati, lit. 'The Democratic Camp') was a left-wing political alliance in Israel formed between Meretz, Israel Democratic Party, Labor defector Stav Shaffir, and the Green Movement that ran in the September 2019 Israeli legislative election. On 19 December 2019, Labor defector Stav Shaffir and her party, the Green Movement, announced a press conference in which she would leave the alliance to run independently in the 2020 Israeli legislative election. The Democratic Union initially announced on 7 January 2020 that it would run in the 2020 election, this time including Meretz and Democratic Choice.

On 13 January 2020, it was announced that a new Labor-Gesher-Meretz slate had been formed for the 2020 election, excluding Shaffir, but including Yair Golan in a reserved Meretz slot.

2020 Israeli legislative election
Legislative elections were held in Israel on 2 March 2020 to elect members of the twenty-third Knesset. The result was initially a stalemate, which was resolved when Likud and Blue & White reached a coalition agreement. Under the terms of the agreement, the premiership would rotate between Benjamin Netanyahu and Benny Gantz, with Gantz given the new position of Alternate Prime Minister until November 2021. These elections followed the continued political deadlock after the April and September 2019 Knesset elections.
Bush Temple of Music
The Bush Temple of Music, at 100 West Chicago Avenue in Chicago, was built in 1901 as the headquarters and showroom of the Bush and Gerts Piano Company, one of Chicago's leading piano companies. Designed by architect J.E.O. Pridmore, the building is an example of the importance of piano manufacturing and sales during the late 19th and early 20th centuries when Chicago was the leading piano manufacturing center in the world. The building is a rare large-scale example of French Renaissance Revival-style architecture, an unusual style in Chicago and the United States. The building's design and decorative details are unique examples of the historic revival style favored by Chicagoans in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The building was designated a Chicago Landmark on June 27, 2001. It is being considered for listing on the National Register of Historic Places.

J. E. O. Pridmore
John Edmund Oldaker Pridmore (July 18, 1864 – February 1, 1940) was a British-American architect, best known for his theater designs. He lived in Edgewater, Chicago and carried out many residential designs in the area. Pridmore was the architect for three homes he lived in at 6249 N. Magnolia, four years later he designed a larger house at 5959 North Winthrop (since demolished) where he spent the majority of his professional and family life, and then an apartment in the building at 6003 N. Winthrop, to the north of his house.
Ichthyochytrium
Ichthyochytrium is a fungal genus in the Chytridiales of uncertain familial placement. A monotypic genus, it contains the single rare species Ichthyochytrium vulgare, described from Germany by Marianne Plehn in 1920. A parasite of freshwater fishes, it forms spherical bodies measuring 5–20 μm that have refractive granules. It typically attacks the lung and gills.

Marianne Plehn
Marianne Plehn (30 October 1863 – 18 January 1946) was a German zoologist. She was the first woman to be awarded a doctorate at the ETH Zurich and the first woman to be appointed as professor in Bavaria in 1914. Plehn is commemorated in the names of three polyclads and 12 disease agents of fishes. The breadth of her research on diseases of fishes defined the scientific study in this area. She published 114 scientific papers on the subject. She worked with Bruno Hofer and has been honoured as one of the founders of fish pathology.
Endine Gaiano
Endine Gaiano (Bergamasque: Ènden Gaià) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of Milan and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northeast of Bergamo.

Endine Gaiano borders the following municipalities: Fonteno, Gandino, Monasterolo del Castello, Ranzanico, Solto Collina, Sovere.

Sovere
Sovere (Bergamasque: Sóer) is a comune (municipality) in the province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 100 kilometres (62 mi) northeast of Milan and about 38 kilometres (24 mi) northeast of Bergamo.

Sovere borders the following municipalities: Bossico, Cerete, Endine Gaiano, Gandino, Lovere, Pianico, Solto Collina.
Xinshixu station
Xinshixu station (Chinese: 新市墟站; pinyin: Xīnshìxū Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Sānsíhhēui Jaahm) is an interchange station between Line 12 and Line 14 of the Guangzhou Metro. It is located on the southeast side of the intersection of Airport Road and Qifu Road in the Baiyun District of Guangzhou. The station opened on 29 June 2025, and Line 14 platforms opened on 29 September 2025.

Baiyun, Guangzhou
Baiyun District is one of 11 urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong Province, China. The district is located in the city's northern suburbs and is named after the Baiyun Mountain (the "White Cloud Mountain"), one of the area's natural attractions.
Lake Schwerin
Lake Schwerin (German: Schweriner See [ʃveˈʁiːnɐ ˌzeː]) is a lake in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, northern Germany. It was named after the city Schwerin, on its southwestern shore. The smaller town Bad Kleinen is on the north shore of the lake. Its surface is approximately 61.54 square kilometres (23.76 sq mi), and its maximum depth is 52.4 metres (172 ft). The natural outflow of the lake is the (channelized) river Stör, a tributary of the Elde, and part of the Elbe watershed. The Wallensteingraben, a 16th-century canal, connects the lake with the Baltic Sea at Wismar.

Stör (Elde)
The Stör is a river of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. It is the natural outflow of Lake Schwerin, towards the south. The canalized part south of Banzkow is called Störkanal. It flows into the Elde near Neustadt-Glewe.
Diminished triad
In music theory, a diminished triad is a triad consisting of two minor thirds above the root. It is a minor triad with a lowered (flattened) fifth.  When using chord symbols, it may be indicated by the symbols "dim", "o", "m♭5", or "MI(♭5)". However, in most popular-music chord books, the symbol "dim" or "o" represents a diminished seventh chord (a four-tone chord), which in some modern jazz books and music theory books is represented by the "dim7" or "o7" symbols.

For example, the diminished triad built on B, written as Bo, has pitches B-D-F:

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The chord can be represented by the integer notation {0, 3, 6}.

In the common practice period, the diminished triad is considered dissonant because of the diminished fifth (or tritone).

Fifth (chord)
In a chord, the fifth factor is the note five scale degrees above the root (including the root itself in the count). For instance, in a C major triad, G is the third factor.

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When the fifth is the bass note (i.e., the lowest note) of the triad or seventh chord, the chord is in second inversion.

Conventionally, the fifth is second in importance to the root, with the fifth being perfect in all primary triads (I, IV, V and i, iv, v). In jazz chords and theory, however, the fifth is often omitted in preference for the chord quality determining third and chord extensions and additions.

The fifth in a major and minor chord is perfect (G♮ in C). When the fifth of a major chord is raised it is an augmented chord (G♯ in C) Playⓘ. When the fifth of a minor chord is lowered it is a diminished chord (G♭ in C) Playⓘ.

The open fifth and power chord consists of only the root, fifth and their octave doublings.
Jensen–Shannon divergence
In probability theory and statistics, the Jensen–Shannon divergence, named after Johan Jensen and Claude Shannon, is a method of measuring the similarity between two probability distributions.  It is also known as information radius (IRad) or total divergence to the average. It is based on the Kullback–Leibler divergence, with some notable (and useful) differences, including that it is symmetric and it always has a finite value. The square root of the Jensen–Shannon divergence is a metric often referred to as Jensen–Shannon distance. The similarity between the distributions is greater when the Jensen-Shannon distance is closer to zero.

Johan Jensen (mathematician)
Johan Ludwig William Valdemar Jensen (8 May 1859 – 5 March 1925), mostly known as Johan Jensen, was a Danish mathematician and engineer. He was the president of the Danish Mathematical Society from 1892 to 1903.
Umbertide
Umbertide (Italian pronunciation: [umˈbɛrtide]; known as Fratta until 1863) is a town and comune (municipality) in the province of Perugia, in the Italian region of Umbria, at the confluence of the Reggia river and the Tiber.

With over 16,000 inhabitants in 2021, Umbertide is one of the larger towns of Umbria. As it is located in the river plain, it is basically flat. It is an industrial center producing machine tools, textiles, packaging material, and ceramics. Olive oil is also produced, especially in Pierantonio and in its southwestern part.

Province of Perugia
The province of Perugia (Italian: provincia di Perugia) is the larger of the two provinces in the Umbria region of Italy, comprising two-thirds of both the area and population of the region. Its capital is the city of Perugia. The province covered all of Umbria until 1927, when the province of Terni was carved out of its southern third. The province of Perugia has an area of 6,337 km2 and a total population of 636,531 as of 2025, covering about two-thirds of Umbria. It has 59 municipalities.

The province has numerous tourist attractions, especially artistic and historical ones, and is home to the Lake Trasimeno, the largest lake of Central Italy. It is historically the ancestral origin of the Umbri, while later it was a Roman province and then part of the Papal States until the late 19th century.
Israel Space Agency
The Israel Space Agency (ISA; Hebrew: סוכנות החלל הישראלית,  Sokhnut heKhalal haYisraelit) is a governmental body, a part of Israel's Ministry of Science and Technology, that coordinates all Israeli space research programs with scientific and commercial goals.

The agency was founded by the theoretical physicist Yuval Ne'eman in 1983 to replace the National Committee for Space Research, which had established in 1960 to set up the initial infrastructure required for space missions. The agency is currently headed by Chairperson Dan Blumberg  and Director General Uri Oron. Today, Israel is the smallest country with indigenous launch capabilities, as well as the smallest to have a space agency.

Ilan Ramon
Ilan Ramon  (Hebrew: אילן רמון; pronounced [(ʔ)iˈlan ʁaˈmon], born Ilan Wolfferman (אילן וולפרמן); June 20, 1954 – February 1, 2003) was an Israeli fighter pilot and later the first Israeli astronaut. He served as a Space Shuttle payload specialist on STS-107, the fatal mission of Columbia, in which he and the six other crew members were killed when the spacecraft disintegrated during re-entry. At 48, Ramon was the oldest member of the crew. He is the only foreign recipient of the United States Congressional Space Medal of Honor, which was awarded posthumously.