hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language
The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (AHD) is a dictionary of American English published by HarperCollins. As of 2025 it is in its fifth edition.

Before HarperCollins acquired certain business lines from Houghton Mifflin Harcourt in 2022, the family of American Heritage dictionaries had long been published by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt and its predecessor Houghton Mifflin. The first edition appeared in 1969, an outgrowth of the editorial effort for Houghton Mifflin's American Heritage brand of history books and journals. The dictionary's creation was spurred by the controversy during the 1960s over the perceived permissiveness of the Webster's Third New International Dictionary (1961). A college dictionary followed several years later.  The main dictionary became the flagship title as the brand grew into a family of various dictionaries, a dictionary-thesaurus combination, and a usage guide.

Calvert Watkins
Calvert Ward Watkins (/ˈwɒtkɪnz/; March 13, 1933 – March 20, 2013) was an American linguist and philologist, known for his book How to Kill a Dragon. He was a professor of linguistics and the classics at Harvard University and after retirement went to serve as professor-in-residence at UCLA.
John P. Riley Jr.
John Patrick Riley (June 15, 1920 – February 3, 2016) was an American ice hockey player and coach. The hockey coach at West Point for more than 35 years, Riley coached the United States to the gold medal at the 1960 Squaw Valley Olympics. He played for the U.S. Olympic team at the 1948 St. Moritz Olympics. He received the Lester Patrick Trophy in 1986 (as an individual) and 2002 (as part of the 1960 Olympic team) along with being inducted into the both the United States Hockey Hall of Fame in 1979 and the International Ice Hockey Federation Hall of Fame in 1998.

Army Black Knights men's ice hockey
The Army Black Knights men's ice hockey team is a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college ice hockey program that represents the United States Military Academy. The Black Knights are members of Atlantic Hockey America and play at the Tate Rink in West Point, New York. They are one of seven teams to have never played in the NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament.
Yedikule Fortress
Yedikule Fortress (Turkish: Yedikule Hisarı or Yedikule Zindanları; meaning "Fortress of the Seven Towers") is a fortified historic structure located in the Yedikule neighbourhood of Fatih, in Istanbul, Turkey.

Built in 1458 on the commission of Ottoman Sultan Mehmed II, the seven-tower complex was created by adding three new towers and fully enclosing a section of the ancient Walls of Constantinople, including the two twin towers that originally constituted the triumphal Golden Gate (Turkish: Altınkapı) built by Roman Emperors Theodosius I and Theodosius II.

The fortress came to be known as the home of a formidable royal dungeon that housed notable figures throughout its history, and the associated intrigue captured the public's imagination over the centuries in various legends, stories, and the arts.

Osman II
Osman II (Ottoman Turkish: عثمان ثانى ‘Osmān-i sānī; Turkish: II. Osman; 3 November 1604 – 20 May 1622), also known as Osman the Young (Turkish: Genç Osman), was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 26 February 1618 until his regicide on 20 May 1622.
Mystery of the Red Jungle
Mystery of the Red Jungle (German: Weiße Fracht für Hongkong, French: Le mystère de la jongue rouge, Italian: Da 077: criminali ad Hong Kong, also known as Operation Hong Kong) is a 1964 German-French-Italian adventure-spy film directed by Helmut Ashley and starring Maria Perschy, Dietmar Schönherr, and Brad Harris.

Helmut Ashley
Helmut Ashley or Helmuth Ashley (17 September 1919 – 2 July 2021) was an Austrian cinematographer, television and film director.

Ashley turned 100 in September 2019 and died in Munich in July 2021, at the age of 101.
Al-Zarqali
Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm ibn Yaḥyā al-Naqqāsh al-Zarqālī al-Tujibi (Arabic: إبراهيم بن يحيى الزرقالي); also known as Al-Zarkali or Ibn Zarqala (1029–1100), was an Arab maker of astronomical instruments and an astrologer from the western part of the Islamic world.

Although his name is conventionally given as al-Zarqālī, it is probable that the correct form was al-Zarqālluh. In Latin he was referred to as Arzachel or Arsechieles, a modified form of Arzachel, meaning 'the engraver'. He lived in Toledo, Al-Andalus before moving to Córdoba later in his life. His works inspired a generation of Islamic astronomers in Al-Andalus, and later, after being translated, were very influential in Europe. His invention of the Saphaea (a perfected astrolabe) proved very popular and was widely used by navigators until the 16th century.

The crater Arzachel on the Moon is named after him.

Almanac
An almanac (also spelled almanack and almanach) is a regularly published listing of a set of current information about one or multiple subjects. It includes information like weather forecasts, farmers' planting dates, tide tables, and other tabular data often arranged according to the calendar. Celestial figures and various statistics are found in almanacs, such as the rising and setting times of the Sun and Moon, dates of eclipses, hours of high and low tides, and religious festivals. The set of events noted in an almanac may be tailored for a specific group of readers, such as farmers, sailors, or astronomers.
Northam Memorial Chapel and Gallup Memorial Gateway
Northam Memorial Chapel and Gallup Memorial Gateway, also known as Cedar Hill Chapel and Gateway, are a historic chapel and gateway in the Cedar Hill Cemetery at 453 Fairfield Avenue in Hartford, Connecticut, USA.  Although not part of that cemetery's original rural cemetery design, they are a prominent work of architect George Keller, designed in 1882 and completed in 1889.  The Gothic Revival structures were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

George Keller (architect)
George Keller (December 15, 1842 – July 7, 1935) was an American architect and engineer. He enjoyed a diverse and successful career, and was sought for his designs of bridges, houses, monuments, and various commercial and public buildings. Keller's most famous projects, however, are the Soldiers and Sailors Memorial Arch in Hartford, Connecticut, and the James A. Garfield Memorial in Cleveland, Ohio.
La Haye-du-Puits
La Haye-du-Puits (French pronunciation: [la ɛ dy pɥi]) is a former commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of La Haye.

La Haye, Manche
La Haye (French pronunciation: [la ɛ] ⓘ) is a commune in the department of Manche, northwestern France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2016 by merger of the former communes of La Haye-du-Puits (the seat), Baudreville, Bolleville, Glatigny, Mobecq, Montgardon, Saint-Rémy-des-Landes, Saint-Symphorien-le-Valois and Surville.
Olovyanninsky District
Olovyanninsky District (Russian: Оловяннинский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the south of the krai, and borders with Baleysky District in the north, Borzinsky District in the south, and with Mogoytuysky District in the west.  The area of the district is 6,300 square kilometers (2,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban-type settlement) of Olovyannaya. Population: 43,494 (2010 census); 49,426 (2002 Census); 60,810 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Olovyannaya accounts for 19.3% of the district's total population.

Olovyannaya
Olovyannaya (Russian: Оловя́нная) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Olovyanninsky District in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. As of the 2010 census, the population was 8,406, down from 11,859 in 1989.

The town is located 249 km by rail from Chita. There is a museum of local history and a hospital.
Gordon Watson (pianist)
Gordon Charles Watson AM (28 February 1921 – 16 April 1999) was an Australian classical pianist and teacher. He taught at the Sydney Conservatorium of Music from 1964 to 1986, retiring as Head of the Keyboard Department.

Humphrey Searle
Humphrey Searle (26 August 1915 – 12 May 1982) was an English composer and writer on music. His music combines aspects of late Romanticism and modernist serialism, particularly reminiscent of his primary influences, Franz Liszt, Arnold Schoenberg and Anton Webern, who was briefly his teacher. As a writer on music, Searle published texts on numerous topics; he was an authority on the music of Franz Liszt, and created the initial cataloguing system for his works.
Hagioscope
A hagioscope (from Ancient Greek  άγιος (ágios) 'holy' and  σκοπεῖν (skopeîn) 'to see') or squint is an architectural term denoting a small splayed opening or tunnel at seated eye-level, through an internal masonry dividing wall of a church in an oblique direction (south-east or north-east), giving worshippers a view of the altar and therefore of the elevation of the host. Where worshippers were separated from the high altar not by a solid wall of masonry but by a transparent parclose screen, a hagioscope was not required as a good view of the high altar was available to all within the sectioned-off area concerned. Where a squint was made in an external wall so that lepers and other non-desirables could see the service without coming into contact with the rest of the populace, they are termed leper windows or lychnoscopes.

Bad Iburg
Bad Iburg  (German: [baːt ˈʔiːbʊʁk] ⓘ; Westphalian: Bad Ibig) is a spa town in the district of Osnabrück, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated in the Teutoburg Forest, 16 km south of Osnabrück, and the Hermannsweg long-distance hiking trail passes through it.

Bad Iburg is also the name of a municipality which includes the town and four outlying centres: Glane, Ostenfelde, Sentrup and Visbeck.

The most important building is Schloss Iburg above the town. It is a complex of a castle which was the residence of the bishops of Osnabrück for six hundred years and a former monastery of the Order of Saint Benedict.
Grantham Canal SSSI
Grantham Canal SSSI is a 9.5-hectare (23-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest which runs along a stretch of the Grantham Canal and its banks between Redmile and Harby in Leicestershire.

This site has diverse aquatic and terrestrial habitats, which supports a varied insect community. The canal has floating plants such as fat duckweed and water fern, and there are breeding birds such as sedge warblers, moorhens and reed warblers.

There is access to the canal towpath.

Grantham Canal
The Grantham Canal ran 33 miles (53 km) from Grantham through 18 locks to West Bridgford, where it joined the River Trent. It was built primarily for the transportation of coal to Grantham. It opened in 1797 and its profitability steadily increased until 1841. It was then sold to a railway company, declined, and was finally closed in 1936. It was used as a water supply for agriculture, and so most of it remained in water after closure, although bridges were lowered. Since the 1970s, the Grantham Canal Society have been working to restore parts of it. Two stretches are now navigable to small vessels. A new route will be required where the canal joins the Trent, as road building has severed the original one.
John Minney
John Harry Minney (25 April 1939 – 1 April 2016) was an English cricketer active from 1959 to 1967 who played for Cambridge University and Northamptonshire. He appeared in 19 first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled right arm medium pace. Minney was born in Finedon, Northamptonshire on 25 April 1939, and died in 2016. He scored 572 runs with a highest score of 58.

He made his debut for Northants in the 1961 season, when he played three matches. He returned to the side six years later to play two further games, making his highest score of 58 against Middlesex in his final innings.

Finedon
Finedon ⓘis a town and civil parish in North Northamptonshire, 
England, with a population at the 2021 census of 4,552. In 1086 when the Domesday Book was completed, Finedon (then known as Tingdene) was a large royal manor, previously held by Queen Edith, wife of Edward the Confessor.

From the 1860s the parish was much excavated for its iron ore, which lay underneath a layer of limestone and was quarried over the course of 100 years or more. Local furnaces produced pig iron and later the quarries supplied ore for the steel works at Corby. A disused quarry face in the south of the parish is a geological SSSI. Finedon is situated 4 miles (6.4 km) to the north east of Wellingborough. Nearby towns and villages include Irthlingborough, Burton Latimer and Great Harrowden.
Knut Walbye
Knut Walbye (born 9 January 1968 in Oslo) is a Norwegian former professional ice hockey player.

Walbye was drafted by the New York Islanders in the 7th round (139th overall) in the 1987 NHL Entry Draft but never played in the NHL. He played in Norway for Furuset, Manglerud Star and the now-defunct Spektrum Flyers.

Walbye played in the 1990 and 1992 IIHF World Championships for the Norway national team.

Spektrum Flyers
Spektrum Flyers was a short-lived ice hockey team from Oslo, Norway. A merger between Manglerud Star and Furuset, it played the 1994–95 and 1995–96 seasons in Eliteserien, the premier ice hockey league in Norway, with home games at Oslo Spektrum. The team relocated to Bergen after two seasons.
Baraolt Mountains
The Baraolt Mountains (Romanian: Munții Baraolt) is a mountain range, entirely in Covasna County of Romania.

Geologically the Baraolts are part of the Inner Eastern Carpathians. By traditional Romanian categorization it's included in the Curvature Carpathians.

The largest city in the area is Sfântu Gheorghe, along with the town of Baraolt. The highest peak is Vârful Havad at 1,019 metres (3,343 feet). The Baraolt Mountains is a popular hiking area.

Baraolt
Baraolt (Romanian pronunciation: [baraˈolt]; Hungarian: Barót, pronounced [ˈbɒroːt] ⓘ) is a town and administrative district in Covasna County, Romania. It lies in the Székely Land, an ethno-cultural region in eastern Transylvania. The town was mentioned for the first time as a settlement in 1224. It administers five villages: Biborțeni (Bibarcfalva), Bodoș (Bodos), Căpeni (Köpec), Micloșoara (Miklósvár), and Racoșul de Sus (Felsőrákos).
Bleggio Superiore
Bleggio Superiore (Blécc de Sóra in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) west of Trento.

Bleggio Superiore borders the following municipalities: Borgo Lares, Comano Terme, Fiavè, Ledro, Tione di Trento. Its frazione of Rango is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Ledro
Ledro (in local dialect: Léder) is an Italian comune (municipality) in Trentino in northern Italy. It was created on January 1, 2010, by the union of the former comuni of Pieve di Ledro, Bezzecca, Concei, Molina di Ledro, Tiarno di Sopra and Tiarno di Sotto.
You Will Be My Ain True Love
"You Will Be My Ain True Love" is a song written and performed by Sting and Alison Krauss from 2003, in the film Cold Mountain. The song was nominated for an Academy Award, a Grammy Award and the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song.

The song is a notable example of the modern use of a drone bass.

Alison Krauss included it on her 2007 compilation, A Hundred Miles or More: A Collection and Sting re-recorded it for his 2010 album, Symphonicities.

Drone (sound)
In music, a drone is a harmonic or monophonic effect or accompaniment where a note or chord is continuously sounded throughout most or all of a piece.  A drone may also be any part of a musical instrument used to produce this effect; an archaic term for this is burden (bourdon or burdon) such as a "drone [pipe] of a bagpipe", the pedal point in an organ, or the lowest course of a lute. Α burden is also part of a song that is repeated at the end of each stanza, such as the chorus or refrain.
Johnny Baseball
Johnny Baseball: The New Red Sox Musical is a musical with a book by Richard Dresser and a score by brothers Robert Reale and Willie Reale.  The story involves circumstances relating to the Curse of the Bambino.  The musical had a preview run in Massachusetts that began on May 14, 2010. The musical's world premiere was on June 2, 2010 at the Loeb Drama Center of the American Repertory Theater.

Stephanie Umoh
Stephanie Jean Umoh (born January 9, 1986) is an American stage actress.

She currently stars as Angelica Schuyler in Hamilton on Broadway.  She played the role of Sarah in the 2009 Broadway theatre revival of the musical Ragtime which performed from November 15, 2009, to January 10, 2010.
Askania-Nova
Askania-Nova (Асканія-Нова, fully titled in Ukrainian: Біосферний заповідник «Асканія-Нова» ім. Фальц-Фейна) is a biosphere reserve located in Kherson Oblast, Ukraine, within the dry Taurida steppe near Oleshky Sands. An active member of the UNESCO Man and the Biosphere Programme, the reserve maintains and conserves native steppe habitat and endemic species while also caring for rare and exotic animal species from around the world. It is also a research institute of the Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Ukraine. The reserve consists of a zoological park, as well as over 33,000 hectares (81,000+ acres) of grassland habitat for herds of ungulate mammals. There are also many botanical (dendrological) gardens, featuring hundreds of plant species, and a vast open territory of virgin steppe. Askania-Nova is listed on the Tentative List of World Heritage Sites in Ukraine.

Oleshky Sands
Oleshky Sands  is a semi-desert in Ukraine inland from the Black Sea. It consists of sand dunes or kuchuhury (locally), which are up to five meters high. Sparse vegetation can be located across the sands.
Fläming Nature Park
The Fläming Nature Park (German: Naturpark Fläming) is a nature park with 824 km2 in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany, opened in 2005. It is one of six nature parks in the state Saxony-Anhalt.

The park borders in the north to the High Fläming Nature Park (German: „Naturpark Hoher Fläming“) in the state Brandenburg and in the south to the biosphere reserve Mittelelbe at the river Elbe. The nature of the park is determined by the low mountain range Fläming (max. ~ 200 m high) with forests, meadows, small clear streams and agricultural land. Culturally interesting are some historic towns, old villages, castles and mediaeval stone churches.

The central park office and visitor centre is situated in Jeber-Bergfrieden. The parts of the area belong to the districts Anhalt-Zerbst and Wittenberg and with a small part also to the town Coswig. The park contains 6 towns and 38 municipalities or parts of them; the towns are Coswig, Lindau, Roßlau, Zerbst, Wittenberg and Zahna.

Zahna
Zahna (German pronunciation: [ˈtsaːna] ⓘ) is a town and a former municipality in Wittenberg district in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany not far from Federal Highway (Bundesstraße) B 2 and about 11 km east of Lutherstadt Wittenberg. It was the seat of the former administrative community (Verwaltungsgemeinschaft) of Elbaue-Fläming. Since 1 January 2011, it is part of the town Zahna-Elster.
Urbain Grandier
Urbain Grandier (1590 – 18 August 1634) was a French Catholic priest who was burned at the stake after being convicted of witchcraft, following the events of the so-called "Loudun possessions". Most modern commentators have concluded that Grandier was the victim of a politically motivated persecution led by the powerful Cardinal Richelieu.

The circumstances of Father Grandier's trial and execution have attracted the attention of writers Alexandre Dumas père, Eyvind Johnson, and Aldous Huxley, the playwright John Whiting, filmmaker Ken Russell, composers like Krzysztof Penderecki and Peter Maxwell Davies, as well as historian Jules Michelet and various scholars of European witchcraft.

Death by burning
Death by burning, also called immolation, is an execution, murder, or suicide method involving combustion or exposure to extreme heat. It has a long history as a form of public capital punishment, and many societies have employed it as a punishment for and warning against crimes such as treason, heresy, and witchcraft. The best-known execution of this type is burning at the stake, where the condemned is bound to a large wooden stake and a fire lit beneath. A holocaust is a religious animal sacrifice that is completely consumed by fire, also known as a burnt offering. The word derives from the ancient Greek holokaustos, the form of sacrifice in which the victim was reduced to ash, as distinguished from an animal sacrifice that resulted in a communal meal.

There are documented executions by burning as early as the 18th century BC and as recently as 2016.
Photo Kano
Photo Kano (フォトカノ, Foto Kano; lit. Photo Girlfriend) is a Japanese dating sim game developed by Dingo Inc. and Enterbrain, and was released for the PlayStation Portable on February 2, 2012. Due to Enterbrain's involvement, Photo Kano is considered the spiritual successor to KimiKiss and Amagami despite having no recurring staff except for Ichirō Sugiyama who was the producer for KimiKiss. An enhanced version titled Photo Kano Kiss was released on April 25, 2013, for the PlayStation Vita. There have been five manga adaptations, and an anime television series produced by Madhouse began airing on April 5, 2013, on TBS.

Dingo Inc.
Dingo Inc. (株式会社ディンゴ, Kabushiki gaisha Dingo) was a Japanese video game developer founded on August 14, 1998, in Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan. Dingo was primarily known for the Hatsune Miku: Project DIVA PlayStation Portable games.
Owen Reilly
Owen Reilly (21 January 1937 – 21 March 2011) was a British boxer. He competed in the men's bantamweight event at the 1956 Summer Olympics. Reilly won the 1956 Amateur Boxing Association British bantamweight title, when boxing out of the Royal Air Force BC.

Boxing at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Bantamweight
The men's bantamweight event was part of the boxing programme at the 1956 Summer Olympics. The weight class was allowed boxers of up to 54 kilograms to compete. The competition was held from 23 November to 1 December 1956. 18 boxers from 18 nations competed.
Andy Kessler Skatepark
Andy Kessler Skatepark formerly Riverside Skatepark is a skatepark located in Riverside Park on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City. Riverside Skatepark is notable as the first full-sized public skatepark in Manhattan, designed and built by renowned skateboarder and skatepark builder Andy Kessler.

NYC Skateboard Coalition
NYC Skateboard Coalition, established in 2017, is a community organization that advocates for New York City's skateparks and hosts NYC-based skateboard events. The NYC Skateboard Coalition supports the skateboarding community of New York City through hosting skate jams and skatepark clean-ups throughout the city.
Lázaro Pérez Jiménez
Lázaro Pérez Jiménez (September 9, 1941 – October 25, 2009) was the Roman Catholic, Mexican bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Celaya. Ordained to the priesthood on September 21, 1968, he was named bishop on May 15, 1991, and was consecrated on June 29, 1991.

Diocese of Celaya
The  Diocese of Celaya (Latin: Dioecesis Celayensis) (erected 13 October 1973) is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of León. It was a suffragan of the Archdiocese of San Luis Potosí until 25 November 2006.