hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vassal state
A vassal state is any state that has a mutual obligation to a superior state or empire, in a status similar to that of a vassal in the feudal system in medieval Europe. Vassal states were common among the empires of the Near East, dating back to the era of the Egyptian, Ottoman, Hittite, and Mitanni conflict, as well as in ancient China.

The relationships between vassal rulers and empires were dependent upon the policies and agreements of each empire. While the payment of tribute and military service was common amongst vassal states, the degree of independence and benefits given to vassal states varied. Today, more common terms are puppet state, protectorate, client state, associated state, or satellite state.

Ugarit
Ugarit (/juːˈɡɑːrɪt, uː-/; Ugaritic: 𐎜𐎂𐎗𐎚, ủgrt /ʾUgarītu/) was an ancient Levantine coastal city located in what is today northern Syria. The site, with its corpus of ancient cuneiform texts, was discovered in 1928. The texts were written in a previously unknown Northwest Semitic tongue—the Ugaritic language. Archaeological excavations of Ugarit show evidence of occupation since the 8th millennium BC. Research has focused on the late Bronze Age levels; relatively little is known about earlier occupation. The ongoing archaeological investigation of Ugarit has proven to be invaluable to the study of the Bronze Age in the eastern Mediterranean.

Ugarit is 10 km (6.2 mi) north of the Syrian city Latakia; at its zenith it ruled an area roughly equivalent to the modern Latakia Governorate. The ruins are often called "Ras Shamra" or "Tell Shamra" after the local place names.
Lala Nisar
Lala Nisar Muhammad Khan (Urdu: لالہ نثار محمّد خان c. 1930 – 23 February 2016), also known as Lala Nisar, was a Pakistani politician, senator, member of parliament, and cabinet minister, who served railway minister during the Muhammad Khan Junejo's government, and later housing and works minister in 2008 while representing province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa of Pakistan.

He was born to Yar Mohammad Khan (was a prominent Khan of Charsadda and an elder in his tribe of Parech Khel) in Charsadda district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa . He had three sons, including Fazal Muhammad Khan, Naseer Mohammad Khan, and former Member of the Provincial Assembly Saeed Mohammad Khan. In 1955, he went to England where he received his higher education, including graduation in 1966. He attended Islamia College Peshawar at faculty of arts for further or earlier studies. Before graduating in UK, he attended the Lawrence College Ghora Gali.

Charsadda
Charsadda (Pashto: چارسده; pronounceⓘ; Urdu: چارسدہ; pronounceⓘ) is a town and headquarters of Charsadda District, in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Located in the Valley of Peshawar, Charsadda lies about 29 kilometres (18 mi) from the provincial capital of Peshawar at an altitude of 276 metres (906 ft).
Mira, Veneto
Mira is a comune (municipality) in the southern Veneto, northern Italy. It is part of the Metropolitan City of Venice and the 11th most populous comune of Veneto.

It is situated on the Riviera del Brenta, midway between Padua and Venice and is crossed by the SR11 (Regional Road 11). The main attractions are the Villa Foscari, designed by Andrea Palladio, and the Villa Widmann-Foscari.

The southeastern part of Mira is characterized by "barene", typical lagoon saltmarshes which are periodically submerged by the tide crossed by tidal channels. These barene constitute a third of the whole municipal area.

Andrea Palladio
Andrea Palladio (/pəˈlɑːdioʊ/ pə-LAH-dee-oh; Italian: [anˈdrɛːa palˈlaːdjo]; Venetian: Andrea Paładio; 30 November 1508 – 19 August 1580) was an Italian Renaissance architect active in the Venetian Republic. Palladio, influenced by Roman and Greek architecture, primarily Vitruvius, is widely considered to be one of the most influential individuals in the history of architecture. While he designed churches and palaces, he was best known for country houses and villas. His teachings, summarized in the architectural treatise, The Four Books of Architecture, gained him wide recognition.

The city of Vicenza, with its 23 buildings designed by Palladio, and his 24 villas in the Veneto are listed by UNESCO as part of a World Heritage Site named City of Vicenza and the Palladian Villas of the Veneto. The churches of Palladio are to be found within the "Venice and its Lagoon" UNESCO World Heritage Site.
GM-X Stiletto
The GM-X Stiletto was a dream car created by General Motors in 1964. It was designed to have an aerospace design, aircraft steering, a maintenance monitoring system, toggle switch controls, and three way communication speakers. The instrument cluster featured 30 flashing lights, 29 controls and 16 gauges. You entered the car by folding the roof and the rear section up. GM-X Stiletto did not have the powertrain or operable steering and suspension systems, but the rear section was used in a more modest form in the 1967 Cadillac Eldorado. It shares an appearance with the Buick Century Cruiser.

Cadillac Eldorado
The Cadillac Eldorado is a luxury car manufactured and marketed by the Cadillac Motor Car Division of General Motors from 1952 until 2002, over twelve generations.

The Eldorado was at or near the top of the Cadillac product line. The original 1953 Eldorado convertible and the Eldorado Brougham models of 1957–1960 had distinct bodyshells and were the most expensive models offered by Cadillac during those years. The Eldorado was never less than second in price after the Cadillac Series 75 limousine until 1966. Beginning in 1967, the Eldorado retained its premium position in the Cadillac price structure, but was manufactured in high volumes on a unique, two-door personal luxury car platform.

The Eldorado carried the Fleetwood designation from 1965 through 1972, and was seen as a modern revival of the pre-war Cadillac V-12 and Cadillac V-16 roadsters and convertibles.
McConnell Air Force Base
McConnell Air Force Base (IATA: IAB, ICAO: KIAB, FAA LID: IAB) is a United States Air Force base located four miles (6 km) southeast of the central business district of Wichita, a city in Sedgwick County, Kansas, United States. The airbase was named in honor of the brothers Fred and Thomas McConnell of Wichita, who had both been Air Force pilots and veterans of World War II. It is the home of Air Mobility Command's 22nd Air Refueling Wing (22 ARW), Air Force Reserve Command's 931st Air Refueling Wing (931 ARW), and the Kansas Air National Guard's 184th Wing (184 W).

McConnell's primary mission is to provide global reach by conducting air refueling and airlift where and when needed.

Air Mobility Command
The Air Mobility Command (AMC) is a Major Command (MAJCOM) of the U.S. Air Force. It is headquartered at Scott Air Force Base, Illinois, east of St. Louis, Missouri, near Mascoutah, Illinois.

Air Mobility Command was established on 1 June 1992 and was formed from elements of the inactivated Military Airlift Command (MAC) and Strategic Air Command (SAC).  AMC melded MAC's worldwide airlift system of primarily C-5 Galaxy, C-141 Starlifter (later replaced by C-17 Globemaster III beginning in 1995), and C-130 Hercules airlift aircraft with SAC's tanker force of KC-135 Stratotanker and KC-10 Extender aerial refueling aircraft, the latter air refueling aircraft having been freed from their strategic nuclear strike commitment to SAC's B-52 Stratofortress and B-1 Lancer bomber fleet by the end of the Cold War and the dissolution of the Soviet Union.  In 2016, the Air Force Historical Research Agency consolidated the histories of AMC and MAC, extending AMC's lineage back to 1941.
Chicla District
Chicla District is one of thirty-two districts of the Huarochirí Province, located in the Department of Lima in Peru. The district was created by the Law No. 11981 in March 4, 1953, during the presidency of Manuel A. Odría, and encompasses an area of 244.1 km2.

Huarochirí province
Huarochirí (Quechua: Waruchiri) is a province of the department of Lima, Peru. From the administrative point of view of the Catholic Church in Peru, it forms part of the Territorial Prelature of Yauyos. Its capital is Matucana. The western section is part of the Lima Metropolitan Area.
U.S. Open (bowling)
The U.S. Open is one of the five major tournaments in the Professional Bowlers Association. Despite its status as a PBA Tour major, the tournament is open to qualifying amateurs as well as PBA members. The U.S. Open is considered one of the most difficult tournaments to bowl in today, due to its long format (56 games from opening qualifying through the match play rounds; 64 games if a player from the pre-tournament qualifier makes it through) and demanding oil patterns, which differ from most oil patterns the PBA employs.

Don Carter (bowler)
Donald James Carter (July 29, 1926 – January 5, 2012) was a right-handed American professional bowler. Born in St. Louis, Missouri, he learned the game while working a childhood job as a pinsetter, and went on to become one of the legends of ten-pin bowling and a founding member of the Professional Bowlers Association (PBA) in 1958.

He was six-time bowler of the year, a 10-time All-American, and became known simply as "Mr. Bowling." Carter and fellow St. Louis native Dick Weber are widely regarded as professional bowling's first superstars. He was voted the Greatest Bowler of All-Time in a 1970 Bowling Magazine poll, and ranked #1 among 20th Century bowlers by Bowlers Journal in 1999. At the vanguard of celebrity endorsement, he capitalized on his fame during televised bowling's most popular period to become the first athlete of any kind to earn $1,000,000 in a single endorsement deal, for Ebonite International.
1997 Women's County Championship
The 1997 Women's County One-Day Championship was the inaugural cricket Women's County Championship season, succeeding the Women's Area Championship. It took place in July and saw 7 county teams, 3 county Second XIs and 6 regional teams compete in a series of divisions. Yorkshire Women won the title, topping Division 1 unbeaten.

Yorkshire Women cricket team
The Yorkshire Women's cricket team is the women's cricket team for the English historic county of Yorkshire. They play their home games at Headingley Stadium, Leeds, and are captained by Lauren Winfield-Hill.

As of the start of the 2025 season Yorkshire Women will play their cricket in Tier 2 of the new division set up after Project Darwin.
In 2026 they will move up to Tier 1 of the new division.
Franco Tosi
Franco Tosi (21 April 1850 – 25 November 1898) was an Italian engineer, known for his contributions to steam engine technology.

A native of Villa Cortese, near Milan, he was the son of Eugenio Tosi (1815-1896), and moved to Legnano in 1876, to become the manager of Cantoni-Krumm & C., where he led the development of the famous 3 hp (1877) and 40–50 hp Ryder steam engines (1881), the year which the company changed name to its current, Franco Tosi Meccanica.  It employed six hundred people in the mid-1890s.

Franco Tosi was killed by one of his employees in 1898.
The company persisted.  Other milestones were the first 6,000 kW engine (1904) and becoming the first Italian diesel engine maker (1907).  Tosi also cooperated with Emilio Bozzi on his motorcycle development, and supervised building of the first submarine diving at 75 meters (1920).  After his withdrawal, the company has entered other engine technologies, and  has about 6000 employees.

Tosi died at Legnano in 1898.

Villa Cortese
Villa Cortese (Legnanese: Villa Cortesa [ˈʋila kurˈteːza]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Milan, in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Milan.

The administrative municipalities borders Legnano, San Giorgio su Legnano, Busto Garolfo and Dairago.
Germs (band)
The Germs were an American punk rock band from Los Angeles, California, originally active from 1976 to 1980. The band's "classic" lineup consisted of singer Darby Crash, guitarist Pat Smear, bassist Lorna Doom and drummer Don Bolles. They released only one album, 1979's (GI), produced by Joan Jett, and were featured in Penelope Spheeris' seminal documentary film The Decline of Western Civilization, which chronicled the Los Angeles punk movement. The Germs disbanded following Crash's suicide in 1980. Their music was influential to many later rock acts, and Smear went on to achieve greater fame performing with Nirvana and Foo Fighters.

In 2005, actor Shane West was cast to play Crash in the biographical film What We Do Is Secret. He performed with Smear, Doom, and Bolles at the film's wrap party, and afterwards, the Germs reunited with West as their new frontman. This lineup of the band toured worldwide, which included performances at the 2006 and 2008 Warped Tours.

Darby Crash
Jan Paul Beahm (better known by his stage name Darby Crash, formerly Bobby Pyn; September 26, 1958 – December 7, 1980) was an American singer who, along with longtime friend Pat Smear (born Georg Albert Ruthenberg), co-founded the punk rock band the Germs and was best known as their lead vocalist. In 1980, he died by suicide by deliberately overdosing on heroin.
Sheppard Pratt at Ellicott City
Sheppard Pratt at Ellicott City was a private psychiatric hospital located in Ellicott City, Maryland. It had a 20-bed adult unit, an 18-bed co-occurring disorders unit, an 18-bed crisis stabilization unit, a 22-bed adolescent unit, and an adult day hospital. The hospital was owned and operated by the Towson, Maryland based Sheppard Pratt Health System

Prior to its purchase by Sheppard Pratt the facility was known as Taylor Manor, one of only a dozen privately owned psychiatric facilities in the nation.  
 The hospital closed with the opening of Sheppard Pratt at Elkridge in 2020. Most of the original structures were already demolished prior to the campus closure, as new plans for the Taylor Highlands development were already underway.

Ellicott City, Maryland
Ellicott City (/ˈɛlɪkət/ EL-ih-kət) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in, and the county seat of, Howard County, Maryland, United States. Part of the Baltimore metropolitan area, its population was 75,947 at the 2020 census, making it the most populous unincorporated county seat in the United States.

Ellicott City's historic downtown – the Ellicott City Historic District – lies in the valleys of the Tiber and Patapsco rivers. The historic district includes the Ellicott City Station; it is the oldest surviving train station in the United States, having been built in 1830 as the first terminus of the original B&O Railroad line. The historic district of the town is often called "Historic Ellicott City" or "Old Ellicott City" to distinguish it from the surrounding suburbs that extend south to Columbia and west to West Friendship.
Ilanjodigal
Ilanjodigal (transl. Young couples) is a 1982 Indian Tamil-language romantic comedy film, directed by Rama Narayanan, starring Karthik, Suresh, Radha and Vijayashanti. The film was released on 14 January 1982. It was remade in 1986 in Hindi as Love 86.

Radha (actress)
Udaya Chandrika, better known by her screen name Radha (born 3 June 1965) is a former Indian actress,  who predominantly appeared in Telugu and Tamil films in addition to a few Malayalam, Kannada and Hindi films. She was one of the top heroines in the film industry for about a decade, from 1981 to 1991, dominating the 1980s era.

Her elder sister Ambika, was an actress. Ambika and Radha acted together in a number of films, during the peak of their careers. They also co-owned a movie studio called "ARS Studios" in 1986.  She appeared on television as one of the judges in the STAR Vijay Jodi Number One Season 7 and  Season 8 Reality Dance programs.
The Haunted Jester
The Haunted Jester is a collection of short stories by Donald Corley, illustrated by the author. Corley did not limit himself to one genre, but the primary distinction of the collection is its inclusion of a number of classic dark fantasies . It was first published in hardcover in New York by Robert M. McBride in September 1931. It was later reissued by Books for Libraries in 1970. One story from the collection, "The Bird with the Golden Beak", was included by Lin Carter in Discoveries in Fantasy (1972), for the Ballantine Adult Fantasy Series.

Discoveries in Fantasy
Discoveries in Fantasy is an anthology of fantasy short stories, edited by American writer Lin Carter. It was first published in paperback by Ballantine Books in March 1972 as the forty-third volume of its Ballantine Adult Fantasy series. It was the seventh such anthology assembled by Carter for the series.
Stars of CCTV
Stars of CCTV is the debut studio album by English indie rock band Hard-Fi. It was first released on 4 July 2005 through Necessary Records and Atlantic Records. It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for the 2005 Mercury Music Prize.

The album initially entered the UK album chart at number six in July 2005 but, following the success of a December 2005 re-issue of their debut single "Cash Machine", it rose to number one in January 2006, eventually being certified double-platinum (600,000+ sales) in the UK and with total sales of 1.2 million worldwide.

The song "Gotta Reason" is included on the soundtrack of the football video game FIFA 06 and the baseball video game MLB 06: The Show.

To mark its 20th anniversary, the album was reissued on 4 July 2025 in vinyl form.

Richard Archer
Richard Archer (born 18 January 1977) is an English singer-songwriter and guitarist. He is the lead vocalist, guitarist, principal songwriter and main composer of indie rock band Hard-Fi. Hard-Fi have produced several top 10 hits and two No. 1 albums. The influence of Archer's hometown of Staines is often evident in his lyrics. He fronted a band called Contempo from 1997 until 2001.
Dale Jarrett
Dale Arnold Jarrett (born November 26, 1956) is an American former race car driver and current racing commentator for NBC. He is best known for winning the Daytona 500 three times (in 1993, 1996, and 2000) and winning the NASCAR Winston Cup Series championship in 1999. He is the son of 2-time Grand National Champion Ned Jarrett, younger brother of Glenn Jarrett, father of former driver Jason Jarrett, and cousin of Todd Jarrett. In 2007, Jarrett joined the ESPN/ABC broadcasting team as an announcer in select Nationwide Series races. In 2008, after retiring from driving following the 2008 Food City 500, he joined ESPN permanently as the lead racing analyst replacing Rusty Wallace. In 2015, Jarrett became a part of the NBC Sports Broadcasting Crew for NASCAR events. He was inducted in the 2014 class of the NASCAR Hall of Fame and the Motorsports Hall of Fame of America in 2025.

Motorsports Hall of Fame of America
The Motorsports Hall of Fame of America (MSHFA) is a hall of fame that honors motorsports competitors and contributors from the United States from all disciplines, with categories for Open Wheel, Stock Cars, Powerboats, Drag Racing, Motorcycles, Sports Cars, Aviation, at Large, Off-Road and Historic. Periodic recognition is given to specialty categories including Speed Records, Business and Technology. Its annual Induction Ceremony is attended by notables throughout the motorsports community and is reported on widely.
Roja Kootam
Roja Kootam (transl. A Bunch of Roses) is a 2002 Indian Tamil-language romance film directed by Sasi. The film stars Srikanth and Bhumika in lead roles. The film's score and soundtrack are composed by Bharadwaj. This was Srikanth's debut movie and catapulted him into stardom. The film was remade in Kannada as Manasina Maathu (2011).

Manasina Maathu
Manasina Maathu is a 2011 Indian Kannada film directed by R. Anantha Raju and produced by Praveen Kumar. The film stars Ajay Rao and Aindrita Ray, paired together for the first time.
The film is a remake of the Tamil film Roja Kootam (2002). A. M. Neel has composed the music and M. R. Seenu is the cinematographer for the film.The film was released on 28 January 2011 to negative reviews from the critics.
Garber Field
Richard F. Garber Field is a lacrosse stadium in Amherst, Massachusetts. It is currently the home of the UMass Minutemen and UMass Minutewomen lacrosse teams. The field has also hosted games for the UMass field hockey team, men's soccer team and women's soccer team.

UMass Minutewomen field hockey
The UMass Minutewomen field hockey team represents the University of Massachusetts Amherst in the sport of field hockey in the NCAA Division I level Mid-American Conference.  The team is coached by Barb Weinberg. The Minutewomen have been runner-ups once in the national championship in 1981. They have been to the NCAA Final Four in Field Hockey five times, in 1981, 1983, 1987, 1992, and 2024.
Department for Culture, Media and Sport
The Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It holds the responsibility for culture and sport, and some aspects of the media throughout the UK, such as broadcasting. Its main offices are at 100 Parliament Street, occupying part of the building known as Government Offices Great George Street.

It also has responsibility for the tourism, leisure and creative industries (some jointly with the Department for Business and Trade). The department was also responsible for the delivery of the 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games.

From 2017 to 2023, the department had responsibility for the building of a digital economy and was known as the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport. The responsibilities for digital policy were transferred to the newly created Department for Science, Innovation and Technology in the February 2023 cabinet reshuffle.

Government Offices Great George Street
Government Offices Great George Street (GOGGS) is a large UK government office building in the Westminster district of London, England. It is situated between Horse Guards Road, King Charles Street, Parliament Street and Great George Street, on the north side of Parliament Square. The western end of the building, on Horse Guards Road, is known as 1 Horse Guards Road (1HGR). The eastern end of the building, on Parliament Street, is referred to as 100 Parliament Street (100PS).
Quiet Weekend
Quiet Weekend is a 1946 British comedy film directed by Harold French and starring Derek Farr, Frank Cellier, Marjorie Fielding, George Thorpe and Barbara White. A family try to relax during a weekend holiday in the country. It was a sequel to the 1941 film Quiet Wedding, with several of the actors reprising their roles. It was based on the long running 1941 West End play Quiet Weekend and shot at Welwyn Studios, Welwyn Garden City and Berkshire.

Director Harold French called it "pleasant enough in its silly way".

Barbara White (actress)
Barbara White (11 December 1923 – 6 February 2013) was a British actress. She played several leading roles during a brief film career during the 1940s. She also appeared on stage in Lesley Storm's Great Day amongst others.
Urcos
Urcos is a small town in eastern Peru, capital of the province Quispicanchi in the region Cusco. It is home to a small lake and ruins.

Some time in the 15th century, it is said that Hatun Tupaq Inca received visions of the Incan creator deity Viracocha in Urcos, and then took the name Viracocha Inca that he held for the rest of his reign.

Department of Cusco
Cusco,  also spelled Cuzco (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkusko]; Aymara and Quechua: Qusqu [ˈqɔsqɔ]), is a department of Peru. It is the fourth-largest in the country, after Madre de Dios, Ucayali, and Loreto, and borders the departments of Ucayali on the north; Madre de Dios and Puno on the east; Arequipa on the south; and Apurímac, Ayacucho and Junín on the west. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is Cusco, the historical capital of the Inca Empire.