hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Silko
Silko (Ancient Greek: Σιλκω) was ruler of the Nubian kingdom of Nobatia. He is known for uniting Nobatia and being the first Nubian king to adopt Christianity.

During Silko's reign Nobatia defeated the Blemmyes to the North, and an inscription by Silko at the Temple of Kalabsha claims to have driven the Blemmyes into the Eastern Desert. The inscription on the temple was made in Greek suggesting that he was influenced by Byzantine culture. He established Pakhoras (modern Faras) as the Capital of the Kingdom. Nobatia officially converted to Coptic Orthodox Christianity under his reign..

It is believed he was buried in Ballana.

Faras
Faras (formerly Ancient Greek: Παχώρας, Pakhôras; Latin: Pachoras; Old Nubian: Ⲡⲁⲭⲱⲣⲁⲥ, Pakhoras) was a major city in Lower Nubia. The site of the city, on the border between modern Egypt and Sudan at Wadi Halfa Salient, was flooded by Lake Nasser in the 1960s and is now permanently underwater. Before this flooding, extensive archaeological work was conducted by a Polish archaeological team led by professor Kazimierz Michałowski.
Civilian-based defense
Civilian-based defense or social defence describes non-military action by a society or social group, particularly in a context of a sustained campaign against outside attack or dictatorial rule – or preparations for such a campaign in the event of external attack or usurpation. There are various near-synonyms, including "non-violent defence", "civilian defence" and "defence by civil resistance". Whatever term is used, this approach involves preparations for and use of a range of actions – which can be variously called nonviolent resistance and civil resistance – for national defence against invasion, coup d'état and other threats.

Writings about this concept include works by Brigadier General Edward B. Atkeson, Erica Chenoweth (U.S.) and Maria Stephan (U.S.), Theodor Ebert (Germany), Brian Martin (Australia), Adam Roberts (UK), Gene Sharp (U.S.), Heinz Vetschera (Austria), and others.

Adam Roberts (scholar)
Sir Adam Roberts KCMG FBA (born 29 August 1940) is Emeritus Professor of International Relations at the University of Oxford, a senior research fellow in Oxford University's Department of Politics and International Relations, and an emeritus fellow of Balliol College, Oxford.
Penn & Teller
Penn & Teller (Penn Jillette and Teller) are American magicians, entertainers, and scientific skeptics who have performed together since 1975. They are noted for their ongoing act that combines elements of comedy with magic.

The duo has been featured in numerous stage and television shows such as Penn & Teller: Fool Us and currently perform in Las Vegas at The Rio, the longest-running headliners to play at the same hotel in Las Vegas history. Jillette serves as the act's orator and raconteur. Teller generally does not speak while performing, but communicates through mime and nonverbals, though his voice can occasionally be heard during their live shows and television appearances. Besides magic, the pair has become associated with the advocacy of scientific skepticism and libertarianism, particularly through their television show Penn & Teller: Bullshit!

Mischief Theatre
Mischief Theatre is a British theatre company that was founded in 2008 by a group of students from the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art in West London, and directed by Henry Lewis, Jonathan Sayer, and Henry Shields. The group originally began by doing improvised comedy shows, but by 2012, they expanded into comedic theatrical performances that include choreographed routines, jokes, and stunts.

The company is primarily known for their comedic performances as the fictional theatre company, The Cornley Polytechnic Drama Society, enacting amateur performances that go wrong. Works by the company includes the award-winning 2012 stage play The Play That Goes Wrong and the BBC television series The Goes Wrong Show. Several of the stage performances by the company have been shown in the West End of London, and also in theaters throughout the United Kingdom and across North America and Europe.
Star Baby
"Star Baby" is a 1974 hit song by The Guess Who. It was written by Burton Cummings who also provided the lead vocals. It is classified in the genre of Power pop and was included on the group's LP entitled, Road Food as well as The Guess Who – Greatest Hits in 1999 and Anthology in 2003. The band performed the song on the Midnight Special television program on December 14, 1973.

"Star Baby" reached number 39 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number 30 on Cash Box.  In Canada, the song spent three weeks at number 9. The song was ranked as the 92nd biggest Canadian hit of 1974.  Although The Guess Who had a dozen higher-charting songs in the US, "Star Baby" remained on the chart longer than any of their other hits - 19 weeks, which was four weeks longer than their number-one hit "American Woman".

The song was a major hit in Chicago, peaking at number three and receiving significant airplay on radio superstation WLS as well as on its competing station, WCFL.

Road Food
Road Food is the twelfth studio album by the Canadian rock band The Guess Who, originally released in 1974 by RCA Records. It was the last album by the group to feature guitarists Kurt Winter and Donnie McDougall.
Boland cricket team
The Boland cricket team is a first-class cricket team that nominally represents the Boland region, in the South African province of Western Cape, in the CSA Provincial Competitions. The team is selected and supported by the Boland Cricket Board (BCB) and plays its home games at Boland Park in Paarl. At organisational level, the BCB is responsible for the administration and development of cricket in the region and among its primary functions are management and promotion of the Boland team. The current BCB was founded in 1992 as a merger between the Boland Cricket Union and an earlier Boland Cricket Board.

Boland, Western Cape
The Boland (Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈbuəlant], meaning "highland") is a region of the Western Cape province of South Africa, situated to the northeast of Cape Town in the middle and upper courses of the Berg and Breede Rivers, around the Boland Mountains of the central Cape Fold Belt. It is sometimes also referred to as the Cape Winelands because it is the primary region for the making of Western Cape wine.
Subdoluseps
Subdoluseps, also known commonly as supple skinks and writhing skinks, is a genus of lizards in the subfamily Lygosominae of the family Scincidae. Member species were all previously assigned to the genus Lygosoma.

Lygosominae
Lygosominae is the largest subfamily of skinks in the family Scincidae. The subfamily can be divided into a number of genus groups. If the rarely used taxonomic rank of infrafamily is employed, the genus groups would be designated as such, but such a move would require a formal description according to the ICZN standards.
Carla Quint
Cornelia Antonia "Carla" Quint (born 22 September 1972) is a Dutch former water polo player. She was a member of the Netherlands women's national water polo team.

She competed with the team at the 2000 Summer Olympics. She was also part of the national team at the 1998 World Aquatics Championships and 2003 World Aquatics Championships.

Netherlands women's national water polo team
The Netherlands women's national water polo team is the national team of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It was one of the leading teams in the world during the 1980s and 1990s. More recently they are one of the top teams again claiming the gold medal at the 2008 Beijing Olympics, the 2023 World Championships and the 2024 European Championships. The team is governed by the Koninklijke Nederlandse Zwembond (KNZB).
Rotax 503
The Rotax 503 is a 37 kW (50 hp), inline 2-cylinder, two-stroke aircraft engine, built by BRP-Rotax GmbH & Co. KG of Austria for use in ultralight aircraft.

For decades the engine was one of the most popular and reputedly reliable aircraft engines in its class (two-stroke, under 60 horsepower), and it remains widely used and supported.

As of 2011 the Rotax 503 is no longer in production. However, a Russian manufacturer has developed an approximate reproduction, the RMZ 500.  Rotax subsequently offered only one other two-stroke engine for aircraft, the partially water-cooled Rotax 582.

Rotax
Rotax is the brand name for a range of internal combustion engines developed and manufactured by the Austrian company BRP-Rotax GmbH & Co KG (until 2016 BRP-Powertrain GmbH & Co. KG), in turn owned by the Canadian Bombardier Recreational Products (BRP). Under the Rotax brand, the company is one of the world's largest producers of light piston engines.

Rotax four-stroke and advanced two-stroke engines are used in a wide variety of small land, sea and airborne vehicles. Bombardier Recreational Products use them in their own range of such vehicles. Since the 1990s, Rotax has been the world's dominant supplier of engines for ultralight aircraft and light sport aircraft, and a major producer of engines for other light aircraft.
Pierre Mac Orlan
Pierre Mac Orlan, sometimes written MacOrlan (born Pierre Dumarchey; February 26, 1882 – June 27, 1970), was a French novelist and songwriter.

His novel Quai des Brumes was the source for Marcel Carné's 1938 film of the same name, starring Jean Gabin. He was also a prolific writer of chansons, many of which were recorded and popularized by French singers such as Juliette Gréco, Monique Morelli, Catherine Sauvage, Francesca Solleville, and Germaine Montero.

Francesca Solleville
Francesca Solleville (born 2 March 1932, Périgueux) is a French singer. She lives in Malakoff (Hauts-de-Seine). She is the granddaughter of the founder of the Italian League for the Rights of Man. She is married to the painter Louis Loyzeau de Grandmaison.
Zhaoqing railway station
Zhaoqing railway station (simplified Chinese: 肇庆站; traditional Chinese: 肇慶站) serves the city of Zhaoqing, Guangdong province, China. The station hosts train services to and from Guangzhou, Hong Kong, Kunming, Nanning, Hainan, and other parts of China.

The station is an intermediate stop on the Guangzhou–Maoming railway and the western terminus of the higher-speed Guangzhou–Zhaoqing intercity railway.

Guangzhou–Zhaoqing intercity railway
Guangzhou–Zhaoqing intercity railway, also known as Guangzhao intercity railway or Foshan–Zhaoqing intercity railway, is a regional railway within Guangdong province, China. It connects between Foshan and Zhaoqing, with through trains to Guangzhou, the capital of Guangdong province. It is a part of the Pearl River Delta Metropolitan Region intercity railway network. It commenced operations on March 30, 2016.
1987–88 NFL playoffs
The National Football League playoffs for the 1987 season began on January 3, 1988. The postseason tournament concluded with the Washington Redskins defeating the Denver Broncos in Super Bowl XXII, 42–10, on January 31, at Jack Murphy Stadium in San Diego, California.

Wade Wilson (American football)
Charles Wade Wilson (February 1, 1959 – February 1, 2019) was an American professional football player who was a quarterback in the National Football League (NFL). He played for the Minnesota Vikings, Atlanta Falcons, New Orleans Saints, Dallas Cowboys, and Oakland Raiders in a seventeen-year NFL career from 1981 to 1998. He was quarterbacks coach for the Dallas Cowboys from 2000 to 2002 and from 2007 to 2017, and also for the Chicago Bears from 2004 to 2006. He played college football for East Texas State Lions (now East Texas A&M), where he was an NAIA All-American quarterback and led the Lions to the NAIA national semifinals during the 1980 season.
Carnegie (yacht)
Carnegie was a brigantine-rigged sailing yacht, equipped as a scientific research vessel, constructed almost entirely from wood and other non-magnetic materials to allow sensitive magnetic measurements to be taken for the Carnegie Institution for Science's Department of Terrestrial Magnetism at their headquarters in Washington, D.C. She carried out a series of cruises from her launch in 1909 to her unfortunate destruction by an onboard explosion and fire while in port in 1929. She covered almost 300,000 miles (500,000 km) in her twenty years at sea in the cause of scientific knowledge.

The Carnegie Rupes on the planet Mercury are named after this research vessel.

Carnegie Institution for Science
Carnegie Science, also known as the Carnegie Institution of Washington and formerly Carnegie Institution for Science, is a nonprofit organization established in 1902 to fund and perform scientific research in the United States. The institution is headquartered in Washington, D.C. In 2018, expenses for scientific programs and administration totaled $96.6 million. As of June 30, 2020, the institution's endowment was valued at $926.9 million. The current president is American astronomer and astrophysicist John Mulchaey, whose official term began in November 2024.
University of Illinois System
The University of Illinois System is a system of public universities in the U.S. state of Illinois, consisting of three campuses located in Chicago, Springfield, and Urbana-Champaign. Across all campuses, the University of Illinois System enrolls more than 101,000 students. It had an operating budget of $7.18 billion in 2021. Its oldest university, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, was established as the state's land grant university in 1867.

University system
A university system is a set of multiple affiliated universities and colleges that are usually geographically distributed. Typically, all member universities in a university system share a common component among all of their various names. Usually, all member universities of a university system are governed by a system-wide governing body, such as a board of trustees or a board of regents.
Lawrence Arthur Dumoulin Cannon
Lawrence Arthur Dumoulin Cannon (April 28, 1877 – December 25, 1939) was a Canadian lawyer, politician, and Puisne Justice of the Supreme Court of Canada.

Born in Arthabaska, Quebec, the son of Lawrence John Cannon and Aurélie Dumoulin, he received a Bachelor of Arts degree in 1896 from Université Laval. In 1899 he received an LL.L also from Université Laval. He was called to the Bar in 1899 and practised law. His brother was Lucien Cannon, a politician and cabinet minister.

In 1908, he was elected to the City council of Quebec City. In 1916, he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec for the riding of Québec-Centre as a Liberal. He was re-elected in 1919 but was defeated in 1923.

He returned to private practice until 1927, when he was appointed to the Appeal Division of the Court of King's Bench of Quebec.

Québec-Centre (provincial electoral district)
Québec-Centre was a former provincial electoral district in the Capitale-Nationale region of Quebec, Canada.  It was located in the general area of Quebec City. It elected members to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec.

It was created for the 1867 election.  Its final election was in 1962.  It disappeared in the 1966 election and its successor electoral district was Jean-Talon.
Górsko, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Górsko (Polish pronunciation: [ˈɡurskɔ]; formerly German: Görshagen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Postomino, within Sławno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-west of Postomino, 19 km (12 mi) north of Sławno, and 185 km (115 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Postomino
Gmina Postomino is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Sławno County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northwestern Poland. Its seat is the village of Postomino, which lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) north of Sławno and 184 km (114 mi) northeast of the regional capital Szczecin.

The gmina covers an area of 227.24 square kilometres (87.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,973.
1995 Speedway Grand Prix
The 1995 Speedway Grand Prix was the 50th edition of the official World Championship to determine the world champion rider.

It was the first season in the Speedway Grand Prix era used to determine the Speedway World Champion. The Grand Prix series was won by Hans Nielsen; it was his fourth World Champion title.

Hans Nielsen (speedway rider)
Hans Hollen Nielsen (born 26 December 1959) is a Danish former professional motorcycle speedway rider. He competed in the Speedway World Championships from 1977 to 1999. Nielsen is notable for winning four Speedway World Championship titles. During his career, he won a total of 22 world championships, making him arguably the most successful speedway rider of all time. In 2012, Nielsen was named an FIM Legend for his motorcycling achievements. He later managed the Danish national team.
Nanna Leifsdóttir
Nanna Herborg Leifsdóttir  (born 2 June 1963 in Akureyri) is an Icelandic former alpine skier.

She competed at the 1984 Winter Olympics in Sarajevo, coming 38th in the giant slalom with a time of 2:34:84 but failing to finish the slalom. She was the youngest member of Iceland's team and carried the flag at the opening ceremony.

Nanna Herborg's husband is former Iceland men's national football team goalkeeper Friðrik Friðriksson and their daughter is Iceland women's national football team player Fanndís Friðriksdóttir.

Fanndís Friðriksdóttir
Fanndís Friðriksdóttir (born 9 May 1990) is an Icelandic former women's footballer who played as a left winger. She spent the 2017–2018 season with Olympique de Marseille in the French Division 1 Féminine and has previously played in the Úrvalsdeild kvenna for Breiðablik and the Norwegian Toppserien for Kolbotn and Arna-Bjørnar. Fanndís has been a part of the Iceland's national team since 2009 and represented her country at the 2009, 2013 and 2017 editions of the UEFA Women's Championship.
Rapolla Cathedral
Rapolla Cathedral (Italian: Duomo di Rapolla; Concattedrale di San Michele Arcangelo) is a Roman Catholic cathedral in the town of Rapolla, province of Potenza, region of Basilicata, Italy. The dedication is to Saint Michael the Archangel. Formerly the episcopal seat of the Diocese of Rapolla, it is now a co-cathedral in the Diocese of Melfi-Rapolla-Venosa.

Rapolla
Rapolla is a town and comune in the province of Potenza, in the Southern Italian region of Basilicata. It is bounded by the comuni of Barile, Lavello, Melfi, Rionero in Vulture, Venosa.

The ancient sarcophagus of Rapolla takes its name from its find spot, near the town of Rapolla. It is from a workshop in Asia Minor and dates to the late II century AD. Now it's in the Museo Nazionale del Melfese, in the Castle of Melfi.
Zettelkasten
A Zettelkasten (German: 'slipbox', plural Zettelkästen) or card file consists of small items of information stored on Zetteln (German: 'slips'; singular: Zettel), paper slips or cards, that may be linked to each other through subject headings or other metadata such as numbers and tags. It has often been used as a system of note-taking and personal knowledge management for research, study, and writing.

In the 1980s, the card file began to be used as metaphor in the interface of some hypertextual personal knowledge base software applications such as NoteCards. In the 1990s, such software inspired the invention of wikis.

Personal knowledge base
A personal knowledge base (PKB) is an electronic tool used by an individual to express, capture, and later retrieve personal knowledge. It differs from a traditional database in that it contains subjective material particular to the owner, that others may not agree with nor care about. Importantly, a PKB consists primarily of knowledge, rather than information; in other words, it is not a collection of documents or other sources an individual has encountered, but rather an expression of the distilled knowledge the owner has extracted from those sources or from elsewhere.

The term personal knowledge base was mentioned as early as the 1980s, but the term came to prominence in the 2000s when it was described at length in publications by computer scientist Stephen Davies and colleagues, who compared PKBs on a number of different dimensions, the most important of which is the data model that each PKB uses to organize knowledge.: 18
Knut Werner Hansen
Knut Werner Hansen (born 22 November 1951) is a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He served as a deputy representative to the Storting from Troms between 1997 and 2009. In total he met during 1 year and 46 days of parliamentary session.

He was born in Skjervøy Municipality. He was a member of the municipal council of Karlsøy Municipality. Following the 2011 local elections, he was elected county mayor of Troms and thereby also the Troms County Municipality, with the Conservatives' Christine Bertheussen Killie as deputy. He was re-elected following the 2015 local elections, this time with the Liberals' Irene Dahl as deputy. Following the decision to merge Troms and Finnmark counties and the 2019 local elections, Ivar B. Prestbakmo was elected as county mayor of the new county.

Skjervøy Municipality
Skjervøy Municipality (Norwegian: Skjervøy kommune, Northern Sami: Skiervvá suohkan; Kven: Kieruan komuuni) is a municipality in Troms county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Skjervøy on the island of Skjervøya, where most of the inhabitants live. The main industries are fishing, processing of fish and salmon farming. Tourism is an emerging industry. Other villages  in the municipality include Akkarvik and Arnøyhamn.

The 474-square-kilometre (183 sq mi) municipality is the 211th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Skjervøy is the 240th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 2,794. The municipality's population density is 5.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (15/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 3% over the previous 10-year period.
Sam Tutty
Sam Tutty (born 9 April 1998) is an English actor. He is most known for his title role in the West End production of the musical Dear Evan Hansen for which a then 22-year-old Tutty won a 2020 Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role in a Musical, becoming one of the youngest winners of the award. In 2021, he briefly joined the cast of the Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks as Timmy Simons.

Evan Hansen
Evan Hansen is the titular character and main protagonist of the Broadway musical Dear Evan Hansen by Steven Levenson, Benj Pasek and Justin Paul. A bullied 17-year-old high schooler with social anxiety and depression, who lives with his single mother Heidi Hansen after she divorced from his father Mark Hansen ten years before, he attempts to find the acceptance and love he has been lacking in his life. On his journey to be found, he discovers the consequences of risking it all for the chance to be heard.

The character of Evan was originated on stage by Ben Platt, who won the Tony Award for Best Actor for his performance and reprised it in the 2021 film adaptation of the musical. In the show, he appears in a total of 11 musical numbers. The character's signature song is "Waving Through a Window," which is sung early in the musical's first act as his "I Want" song and has become an anthem for those hoping to make a connection while in a state of isolation and depression.