hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Saint Joseph Central High School (Ironton, Ohio)
Saint Joseph Central Catholic High School is a private, Catholic high school in Ironton, Ohio.  It is operated by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Steubenville. The school's sports teams are known as the Flyers. In addition to housing the high school grades of 9-12, the school also houses junior high grades 7–8.

Diocese of Steubenville
The Diocese of Steubenville (Latin: Dioecesis Steubenvicensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or diocese, of the Catholic Church covering thirteen counties in southeastern Ohio in the United States.

The Diocese of Steubenville is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Cincinnati. The seat for the diocese is Holy Name Cathedral in Steubenville. As of February 2025, the position of bishop is vacant. Rev. Edward M. Lohse, bishop of the Diocese of Kalamazoo, currently serves as the apostolic administrator of the diocese.
Wiesen Viaduct
The Wiesen Viaduct (or Wiesener Viaduct; German: Wiesener Viadukt) is a single-track railway viaduct, made from concrete blocks with dimension stone coverage. It spans the Landwasser southwest of the hamlet of Wiesen, in the canton of Grisons, Switzerland.

Designed by the then chief engineer of the Rhaetian Railway, Henning Friedrich, it was built between 1906 and 1909 by the contractor G. Marasi (Westermann & Cie, Zürich) under the supervision of P. Salaz and Hans Studer (RhB). The Rhaetian Railway still owns and uses it today for regular service. An important element of the Davos–Filisur railway, the viaduct is 88.9 metres (292 ft) high and 210 metres (690 ft) long; it has a main span of 55 metres (180 ft).

Hipp reversible disk signal
The hippsche Wendescheibe or  Hipp’sche Wendescheibe , is a historical railway signal. The automatic  and visual  signal served as distant signals and home signals. Its main advantage was that energy to move the signal was provided locally, while the low power impulse to move the signal was transmitted electrically from the signal box, thus minimizing cumbersome and unreliable energy transmission over distance.
Vercingetorix Monument
The Vercingetorix Monument (French: Monument à Vercingétorix) is a statuary monument dedicated to the Gaulish chieftain Vercingetorix, defeated by Julius Caesar in the Gallic Wars. The monument was designed by Aimé Millet and constructed in 1865. It is designated as a monument historique.

The monument was commissioned by Emperor Napoleon III from the sculptor Aimé Millet and installed in 1865 on Mont Auxois, near Alise-Sainte-Reine in the Côte-d'Or department in the Burgundy region of eastern France. The site was the supposed site of Alesia. The architect for the memorial was Eugène Viollet-le-Duc.  The base has a nationalistic inscription installed by Viollet-le-Duc, translating into French the words of Julius Caesar:

La Gaule unie
Formant une seule nation
Animée d'un même esprit,
Peut défier l'Univers.
(Gaul united,
Forming a single nation
Animated by a common spirit,
Can defy the Universe.)

Alesia (city)
Alesia was the capital of the Mandubii, one of the Gallic tribes allied with the Aedui. The Celtic oppidum was conquered by Julius Caesar during the Gallic Wars and afterwards became a Gallo-Roman town. Modern understanding of its location was controversial for a long time; however, it is now thought to have been located on Mont-Auxois, near Alise-Sainte-Reine in Burgundy, France.
Philippi
Philippi (/fɪˈlɪpaɪ, ˈfɪləˌpaɪ/; Ancient Greek: Φίλιπποι, Phílippoi) was a major mainland Greek city northwest of the nearby island, Thasos. Its original name was Crenides (Ancient Greek: Κρηνῖδες, Krēnĩdes "Fountains"). The city was renamed by Philip II of Macedon in 356 BC and abandoned in the 14th century after the Ottoman conquest. The present village of Filippoi is located near the ruins of the ancient city within the modern city of Kavala, in turn a
part of the administrative region of East Macedonia and Thrace. The archaeological site was classified as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2016 because of its exceptional Roman architecture, its urban layout as a smaller reflection of Rome itself, and its importance in early Christianity. Philippi is also the place where the legendary battle of Mark Antony and Octavian Caesar against Brutus and  Cassius took place in 42 BC, as seen in William Shakespeare's famous play, Julius Caesar (1599).

Filippoi
Filippoi (Greek: Φίλιπποι, Philippi), is a village and a former municipality in the Kavala regional unit, East Macedonia and Thrace, Greece built on the Via Egnatia. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Kavala, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 238.751 km2. The 2021 census reported a population of 10,133 for the municipal unit and 796 for the village. The ruins of ancient Philippi are located in the municipal unit.
Drūkšiai
Drūkšiai (Lithuanian pronunciation: [[ˈdɾuːkʃʲɛɪ̯]]), also called Drysviaty or Drysvyaty, or Drisvyaty (Belarusian: Дрысвяты, pronounced [drɨˈsʲvʲatɨ]; Russian: Дрисвяты) is the largest of the Braslau lakes located partly in the northeastern part of Lithuania and partly in the Vitebsk Voblast, in Belarus. The lake water was used to cool the reactors of Lithuania's now decommissioned Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant.

The greatest depth of the lake is 33.3 m, and the average depth is 7.6 m. The basin of the lake was formed during the movement of the glaciers by two perpendicular channels, which expanded north to south and west to east. The maximum depth of the first channel is 29 m, and of the second is 33.3 m. The greatest depths are located near the middle of the lake. The shallowest part is on the south ridge of the lake, its depth is approximately between 3 and 7 meters.

Six small rivers flow into the lake, and one dammed river flows out.

Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant
The Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant (Lithuanian: Ignalinos atominė elektrinė, IAE) is a decommissioned two-unit RBMK-1500 nuclear power station in Visaginas Municipality, Lithuania. It was named after the nearby city of Ignalina. Due to the plant's similarities to the infamous Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant in both reactor design and lack of a robust containment building, Lithuania agreed to close the plant as part of its agreement of accession to the European Union. Unit 1 was closed in December 2004; Unit 2 in December 2009. The plant accounted for 25% of Lithuania's electricity generating capacity and supplied about 70% of Lithuania's electrical demand. It was closed on 31 December 2009. Proposals have been made to construct a new nuclear power plant at the site, but such plans have yet to come to fruition.
Kandy Cricket Club
The Kandy Cricket Club, also known as Kandy CC, is a cricket club based in Kandy, Sri Lanka which plays in divisional cricket tournaments organized by the Kandy District Cricket Association (KDCA)  and Sri Lanka Cricket.

Kandy
Kandy (Sinhala: මහනුවර, romanised: Mahanuwara [mahanuʋərə] ⓘ; Tamil: கண்டி, romanised: Kaṇṭi [ˈkaɳɖi] ⓘ) is a major city located in the Central Province of Sri Lanka. It was the last capital of the Sinhalese monarchy from 1469 to 1818, under the Kingdom of Kandy. The city is situated in the midst of hills in the Kandy plateau. Kandy is the administrative  capital of the Central Province, and considered as the cultural capital of Sri Lanka, due to its architectural heritage. Kandy is the home of the Temple of the Tooth Relic (Sri Dalada Maligawa), one of the most important places of the Buddhist world. It was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1988. Historically the local Buddhist rulers resisted Portuguese, Dutch, and British colonial expansion and occupation.
Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp
"Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp" is the second single from Mercury Rev's fourth studio album, Deserter's Songs. The single was released in the UK on January 25, 1999, and peaked at number 26 on the UK Singles Chart.

Mercury Rev drummer Jimy Chambers is credited as the lyrics writer for "Delta Sun Bottleneck Stomp." B-sides include live covers of "Vampire Blues" (Neil Young) and "Isolation" (John Lennon).

Deserter's Songs
Deserter's Songs is the fourth studio album by American rock band Mercury Rev, released in late September 1998. British music magazine NME named Deserter's Songs album of the year for 1998. Limited edition copies of the album came in a brown cardboard envelope-like package, with a stamp on the cover postmarked with the release date, as well as two art postcards.

The success of this album was a surprise for the band. After the commercial failure of their previous album See You on the Other Side, which frontman Jonathan Donahue considered to be the band's best album, they decided to make one more record entirely for themselves, ignoring commercial influences, and expecting to split up shortly afterward. Surprisingly, Deserter's Songs was their most successful album, bringing them popularity in the UK and Europe, also making a smaller mark in the US.
Transition (genetics)
Transition, in genetics and molecular biology, refers to a point mutation that changes a purine nucleotide to another purine (A ↔ G), or a pyrimidine nucleotide to another pyrimidine (C ↔ T). Approximately two out of three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are transitions.

Transitions can be caused by oxidative deamination and tautomerization. Although there are twice as many possible transversions, transitions appear more often in genomes, possibly due to the molecular mechanisms that generate them.  Transitions are more likely to be synonymous substitutions than transversions, as one observes in the codon table.

5-Methylcytosine is more prone to transition than unmethylated cytosine, due to spontaneous deamination. This mechanism is important because it dictates the rarity of CpG islands.

5-Methylcytosine
5-Methylcytosine (5mC, m5C) is a methylated form of the DNA base cytosine (C) that regulates gene transcription and takes several other biological roles. When cytosine is methylated, the DNA maintains the same sequence, but the expression of methylated genes can be altered (the study of this is part of the field of epigenetics). 5-Methylcytosine is incorporated in the nucleoside 5-methylcytidine.
Hilmi Yarayıcı
Hilmi Yarayıcı (born 5 February 1969 in Antakya, Turkey) is a Turkish musician best known as the vocalist of Grup Yorum. In 1993, he joined the Istanbul Technical University (ITU) Turkish Music State Conservatory.

Grup Yorum
Grup Yorum is a band from Turkey known for their political songwriting. Grup Yorum (yorum means 'rendition' of a piece of art or music, 'interpretation' or 'commentary' in Turkish) has released twenty-three albums and one film since 1985. Some of the group's concerts and albums have been banned over the years, and some of the group members have been arrested, jailed, and tortured, while 2 members of the group died of hunger strike over the Turkish state's treatment. Yorum remains popular and their albums continue to sell well in Turkey and internationally. Yorum has also given concerts in Germany, Austria, Australia, France, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, United Kingdom, Greece and Syria.

The group publishes an art, culture, literature, and music magazine entitled Tavir, and several group members manage a cultural center in the Okmeydanı neighborhood of Istanbul called İdil Kültür Merkezi.
The Universal Gallant
The Universal Gallant, or The Different Husbands is a 1735 comedy play by the British writer Henry Fielding.

The original Drury Lane cast included James Quin as Mondish, William Mills as Gaylove, Theophilus Cibber as Captain Spark, Benjamin Griffin as Sir Simon Raffler, John Harper as Colonel Raffler and Mary Heron as Mrs Raffler.

Fielding dedicated the work to Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough. It was not a success and met a hostile reception its opening night, and lasted for only three performances.

Henry Fielding
Henry Fielding (22 April 1707 – 8 October 1754) was an English writer and judge known for the use of humour and satire in his works. His famous novels include Shamela (1741), Joseph Andrews (1742), The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling (1749) and Amelia (1751). Along with Samuel Richardson, Fielding is seen as the founder of the traditional English novel. As well as being a novelist, Fielding was also a playwright, known for his satirical comedies The Author's Farce (1730), Tom Thumb (1730), The Letter Writers (1731) and The Tragedy of Tragedies (1731). He also played an important role in the history of law enforcement in the United Kingdom, using his authority as a magistrate to found the Bow Street Runners, London's first professional police force.
Osvaldo Vieira International Airport
Osvaldo Vieira International Airport (IATA: OXB, ICAO: GGOV), also known as Bissau-Bissalanca Airport, is an international airport that serves the city of Bissau, the capital of Guinea-Bissau, as well as the Metropolitan Region of Bissau. It is the only international airport in the country.

It is located in the Bissalanca district, in the city-sector of Safim, which is conurbated to Bissau.

Safim
Safim is a city and sector in the Biombo Region of Guinea-Bissau. It has a population of 17,356 inhabitants as of the 2009 national census.

The sector's land area covers 174.8 km2.

Safim is part of the Metropolitan Region of Bissau, a conurbation that includes the cities of Bissau, Prabis and Nhacra.

In this city, in the Bissalanca neighborhood, is the Osvaldo Vieira International Airport, the only international airport in the country.

Its name is a reference to the Safim River, which cuts through the sectorial territory.
Maswar district
Maswar District (Arabic: مديرية مسور) is a district of the 'Amran Governorate, Yemen. As of 2003, the district had a population of 38,432 inhabitants. In the early 20th century, the mountain village was visited by German explorer and photographer, Hermann Burchardt.

Hermann Burchardt
Hermann Burchardt (November 18, 1857 – December 19, 1909) was a German explorer and photographer of Jewish descent, who is renowned for his black and white pictorial essays of scenes in Arabia in the early 20th century.
Varaždin
Varaždin (pronounced [ˈʋâraʒdiːn] or [ʋaˈrǎʒdin]; Hungarian: Varasd, also known by alternative names) is a city in Northern Croatia, 81 km (50 mi) north-east of Zagreb. The total population is 46,946, with 38,839 in the city settlement itself (2011).

The city is best known for its baroque buildings, music, textile, food and IT industry.

Ivan Kukuljević Sakcinski
Ivan Kukuljević Sakcinski (Croatian pronunciation: [ǐʋan kukǔːʎeʋit͡ɕ sǎkt͡sinskiː]; 29 May 1816 – 1 August 1889) was a Croatian historian, politician, and writer, most famous for delivering the first speech in Croatian before Parliament. Considered a renowned patriot, Kukuljević was a proponent of Illyrian movement and avid collector of historical documents, primarily those for his work in Croatian historiography and bibliography.
White Feather (film)
White Feather is a 1955 American CinemaScope Western film directed by Robert D. Webb and starring Robert Wagner. The movie was filmed in Durango, Mexico. The story is based on fact; however, the particulars of the plot and the characters of the story are fictional.

Debra Paget
Debra Paget (born Debralee Griffin; August 19, 1933) is a retired American actress and entertainer. She is perhaps best known for her performances in Cecil B. DeMille's epic The Ten Commandments (1956) and in Elvis Presley's film debut, Love Me Tender (1956), as well as for the risqué (for the time) snake dance scene in The Indian Tomb (1959).
Ctenizidae
Ctenizidae (/ˈtənɪzədiː/ tə-NIZZ-ə-dee) is a small family of mygalomorph spiders that construct burrows with a cork-like trapdoor made of soil, vegetation, and silk. They may be called trapdoor spiders, as are other, similar species, such as those of the families Liphistiidae, Barychelidae, and Cyrtaucheniidae, and some species in the Idiopidae and Nemesiidae. The name comes from the distinctive behavior of the spiders to construct trapdoors, and ambush prey from beneath them.

In 2018, the family Halonoproctidae was split off from the Ctenizidae. A further genus, Stasimopus, was split off into its own family, Stasimopidae, in 2020. The family currently consists of two genera and five species.

Mygalomorphae
The Mygalomorphae, or mygalomorphs, are an infraorder of spiders, and comprise one of three major groups of living spiders with over 3,000 species, found on all continents except Antarctica. Many members are known as trapdoor spiders due to their creation of trapdoors over their burrows. Other prominent groups include Australian funnel web spiders and tarantulas, with the latter accounting for around one third of all mygalomorphs.
D-alanine—D-alanine ligase
In enzymology, a D-alanine—D-alanine ligase (EC 6.3.2.4) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

ATP + 2 D-alanine  ADP + phosphate + D-alanyl-D-alanine

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are ATP and D-alanine, whereas its 3 products are ADP, phosphate, and D-alanyl-D-alanine.

This enzyme belongs to the family of ATP-grasp ligases, specifically those forming carbon-nitrogen bonds as acid-D-amino-acid ligases (peptide synthases). The systematic name of this enzyme class is D-alanine:D-alanine ligase (ADP-forming). Other names in common use include alanine:alanine ligase (ADP-forming), and alanylalanine synthetase. This enzyme participates in d-alanine metabolism and peptidoglycan biosynthesis. Phosphinate and D-cycloserine are known to inhibit this enzyme.

The N-terminal region of the D-alanine—D-alanine ligase is thought to be involved in substrate binding, while the C-terminus is thought to be a catalytic domain.

Cycloserine
Cycloserine, sold under the brand name Seromycin, is a GABA transaminase inhibitor and an antibiotic, used to treat tuberculosis. Specifically it is used, along with other antituberculosis medications, for active drug resistant tuberculosis. It is given by mouth.

Common side effects include allergic reactions, seizures, sleepiness, unsteadiness, and numbness. It is not recommended in people who have kidney failure, epilepsy, depression, or are alcoholics. It is unclear if use during pregnancy is safe for the baby. Cycloserine is similar in structure to the amino acid D-alanine and works by interfering with the formation of the bacteria's cell wall.

Cycloserine was discovered in 1954 from a type of Streptomyces. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.
Ogilvie Professor of Human Geography
The Ogilvie Professor of Human Geography is the name for the occupant of the Ogilvie Chair of Geography at the University of Edinburgh. It is named in honour of Alan Grant Ogilvie FRSE (1887–1954), the first professor (1931) of their Department of Geography and an important figure in the early years of the Department of Geography at Edinburgh, who had died in office.

Alan Grant Ogilvie
Alan Grant Ogilvie OBE FRSE FRSGS (1887–10 February 1954) was a Scottish geographer after whom the University of Edinburgh's Ogilvie Chair in Human Geography is named. He was President of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society from 1946 to 1950 and President of the Institute of British Geographers from 1951 to 1952.
Cerdic of Wessex
Cerdic (/ˈtʃɜːrdɪtʃ/ CHER-ditch; Latin: Cerdicus) is described in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle as a leader of the Anglo-Saxon settlement of Britain, being the founder and first king of Wessex, reigning from around 519 to 534 AD. Subsequent kings of Wessex were each claimed by the Chronicle to descend in some manner from Cerdic. His origin, ethnicity, and even his very existence have been extensively disputed. However, though claimed as the founder of Wessex by later West Saxon kings, he would have been known to contemporaries as king of the Gewissae, a folk or tribal group. In a charter dating to 686, Cædwalla was the first king of the Gewissae to call himself 'King of the West Saxons'.

Gewisse
The Gewisse (Old English: [jeˈwisːe] ye-WEES-se; Latin: Geuissæ) were a tribe or ruling clan of the Anglo-Saxons. Their first location, mentioned in early medieval sources, was the upper Thames region, around Dorchester on Thames. However, some scholars suggest that the Gewisse had origins among the ancient Britons at Cair-Caratauc (Old Sarum) in Wiltshire. According to Saxon folklore, the Gewisse were the founders of the kingdom of Wessex.
Maersk Line
Maersk Line is a Danish international container shipping company and the largest operating subsidiary of Maersk, a Danish business conglomerate. Founded in 1928, it is the world's second largest container shipping company by both fleet size and cargo capacity, offering regular services to 374 ports in 116 countries. As of 2024, it employed over 100,000 people. Maersk Line operates over 700 vessels and has a total capacity of about 4.1 million TEU.

SeaLand
Sea-Land (later known as Maersk SeaLand and SeaLand) was an American intra-regional container shipping company headquartered in Miramar, Florida with representation in 29 countries across the Americas. It offered ocean and intermodal services using container ships, trucks, and rail serving customers between North and South America, Central America, and the Caribbean.
Make a Life, Not a Living
"Make a Life, Not a Living" is a song by Canadian country artist Brett Kissel. The track was co-written by Cary Barlowe, Brandon Day, and Steven Lee Olsen. It is the lead single from Kissel's album What Is Life?

What Is Life? (album)
What Is Life? is the fifth major-label studio album by Canadian country music artist Brett Kissel. It was released on April 9, 2021, through Warner Music Canada, and ONErpm in the United States. It includes the #1 Canada Country hit single "Make a Life, Not a Living", as well as "Night in the Life".
Transports de Martigny et Régions
The Transports de Martigny et Régions (TMR) company in the Valais canton of Switzerland operates bus and coach services and two electric railway lines:

Martigny–Châtelard Railway (MC), 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge, with the Mont-Blanc Express

Martigny–Orsières Railway, 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge, with the Saint-Bernard Express

The company is the result of merging Martigny–Orsières Railway (MO) and the Martigny–Châtelard Railway (MC)
in 2001 with the official date 2000-01-01 to form the Transports de Martigny et Régions.

RegionAlps is a joint venture between TMR and Swiss Federal Railways.

Martigny–Orsières Railway
The Martigny–Orsières Railway (Chemin de fer Martigny–Orsières; MO) was a railway company in the Canton of Valais in Switzerland. It merged in 2000 with the Martigny-Châtelard Railway (Chemin de fer Martigny-Châtelard, MC) to form Transports de Martigny et Régions (TMR). The MO's line consisted of the 19 km-long line from Martigny via Sembrancher to Orsières in the Val d’Entremont and the 6 km-long branch line from Sembrancher to Le Châble VS in the Val de Bagnes.
Murvaul, Texas
Murvaul is a rural unincorporated community in south-central Panola County, Texas, United States, on Farm to Market Road 10 and Murvaul Creek, eight miles south of Carthage.

The area was settled by European-Americans in the early 1860s. A post office operated there from 1874 to 1880 and from 1899 to 1918. In 1882, the reported population was 200. Circa 1900, the community served as a stop on the Texas and Gulf Railroad.

By the early 1990s, only a few scattered dwellings remained.

It is the birthplace of Tex Ritter.

Panola County, Texas
Panola County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 22,491, with its county seat in Carthage. Located in East Texas and originally developed for cotton plantations, the county's name is derived from a Choctaw word for cotton.

Until 2013, Panola County was one of about 30 entirely dry counties in Texas: the sale of alcohol was restricted or prohibited.