hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wolmaransstad
Wolmaransstad (Afrikaans for "Wolmarans City") is a maize-farming town situated on the N12 between Johannesburg and Kimberley in North West Province of South Africa. The town lies in an important alluvial diamond-mining area and it is the main town of the Maquassi Hills Local Municipality.

Town 245 km south-west of Johannesburg and 56 km north-east of Bloemhof. It was laid out on the farms Rooderand and Vlakfontein in 1888, and proclaimed a town in 1891. Named after Jacobus M. A. Wolmarans, then member of the Executive Council.

Wolmaransstad originated in 1891 on the banks of the Makwasi River (San word for a type of wild spearmint) and takes its name from J. M. A. Wolmarans, a volksraad councilman.

Wolmaransstad serves a large community and is an important diamond buying center.

The Dutch Reformed Church building was designed by Gerard Moerdijk.

North West (South African province)
North West (Afrikaans: Noord-Wes [nuərtˈvɛs]; Tswana: Bokone Bophirima) is a province of South Africa. Its capital is Mahikeng. The province is located to the west of the major population centre and province of Gauteng, to the south of the country of Botswana, and southwest of the northernmost province of Limpopo.
Russell Nesbit
Russell Nesbit was an acrobat, coach, and leader of the Flying Nesbits, who performed live and on television beginning in the 1950s. He was also an art model in the Washington metropolitan area from the late 1940s until the 1990s. He died in November 2001 of colon cancer at the age of 81.

Model (art)
An art model is a person who poses, often nude, for visual artists as part of the creative process, providing a reference for the human body in a work of art. The importance of the human figure in Western art begins with the Ancient Greeks, which was rediscovered in the Renaissance, art modelling then becoming an occupation. With few exceptions, models remained anonymous until the 19th century.

Modern nude models have most often been employees of art schools, and paid by the hour to pose. As an occupation, modeling requires the often strenuous 'physical work' of holding poses for the required length of time, the 'aesthetic work' of performing a variety of interesting poses, and the 'emotional work' of maintaining a socially ambiguous role. While the role of nude models is well-established as a necessary part of artistic practice, public nudity remains transgressive, and models may be vulnerable to stigmatization or exploitation.: 1
Chapter V: Unbent, Unbowed, Unbroken
Chapter V: Unbent, Unbowed, Unbroken is the fifth studio album by Swedish power metal band HammerFall, released in 2005 through Nuclear Blast. It features the track "Knights of the 21st Century", which includes guest vocals from Venom frontman Conrad "Cronos" Lant; it is also the band's longest studio recording to date with a length of 10:25, though after 1 minute and 40 seconds of silence, at 12:05, there is an outtake from Cronos.

The album's title was inspired by the family motto of the fictional House Martell of Dorne from the fantasy novel series A Song of Ice and Fire by George R. R. Martin, as were the names of the songs "Hammer of Justice", "Take the Black" and "Fury of the Wild". The lyric "Nothing burns like the cold" from "Never, Ever" is taken from the first chapter of A Game of Thrones, the first book in the series.

The cover artwork was created by Samwise Didier.

HammerFall
HammerFall is a Swedish power metal band from Gothenburg. It was formed in 1993 by ex-Ceremonial Oath guitarist Oscar Dronjak. They have released thirteen studio albums.

The band has largely stayed consistent with their original sound throughout its career. The group's mascot "Hector" – a role-playing game character belonging to the paladin class – has appeared on most of their album covers.
Taylor Mitchell
Taylor Josephine Stephanie Luciow (August 27, 1990 – October 27, 2009), known by her stage name Taylor Mitchell, was a Canadian country folk singer and songwriter from Toronto. Her debut and sole studio album, For Your Consideration (2009), received encouraging reviews and airplay. Following a busy summer performance schedule, which included an appearance as a young performer at the Winnipeg Folk Festival, Mitchell embarked on a tour of Eastern Canada with a newly acquired licence and car.

Mitchell died at the age of 19 of injuries and blood loss after two eastern coyotes (coywolves) mauled her while she was walking along Cape Breton Highlands National Park's Skyline Trail. Her death is the only known fatal coyote attack on an adult and the only known fatal coyote attack on a human ever confirmed in Canada. It shocked experts and led to a reassessment of the risk to humans from the predator behaviour of coyotes.

Cape Breton Highlands National Park
Cape Breton Highlands National Park is a Canadian national park on northern Cape Breton Island in Nova Scotia.   The park was the first national park in the Atlantic provinces of Canada and covers an area of 948 square kilometres (366 mi2).  It is one of 42 in Canada's system of national parks.

It consists of mountains, valleys, waterfalls, rocky coastlines and the Cape Breton Highlands, a tundra-esque plateau. Forest types include Acadian and Boreal. The park includes the highest point in Nova Scotia, White Hill, at 533.5 m (1,750 ft) above sea level.

Rivers in the park include the Chéticamp River and the North Aspy River.

In 2014, Parks Canada started a four-year project with the Unama'ki Institute of Natural Resources, among other partners, to begin regional boreal forest restorations within this park.
Castaway (film)
Castaway is a 1986 biographical-drama film directed by Nicolas Roeg and starring Amanda Donohoe and Oliver Reed. The screenplay was by Allan Scott, adapted from the eponymous 1984 book by Lucy Irvine, telling of her experiences of staying for a year with writer Gerald Kingsland on the isolated island of Tuin, between New Guinea and Australia.

Allan Scott (Scottish screenwriter)
Allan Shiach, (born 16 September 1939) who writes and produces under the pseudonym Allan Scott, is a Scottish screenwriter and producer, and former Scotch whisky executive. He was nominated for BAFTA's Alexander Korda Award for Best British Film and two Genie Awards for his 1997 film Regeneration. He has won the Edgar Award (1976) and Writers' Guild Award (1978). He was executive producer and co-creator of the multi-award-winning Netflix series The Queen's Gambit, a longtime collaborator of Nicolas Roeg, including co-writing his films Don't Look Now and The Witches.
The Romance of Transportation in Canada
The Romance of Transportation in Canada is a 1952 animated short film made by the National Film Board of Canada. Part of the postwar Canada Carries On series, it offers a humorous account of the history of transportation in Canada. The film was directed by Colin Low and produced by Tom Daly.

The Romance of Transportation in Canada featured animation by Wolf Koenig and Robert Verrall and was narrated by Guy Glover. Eldon Rathburn composed the film score. It was the first NFB animated film to be nominated abroad, and the first to be nominated for an Academy Award in animation.

Colin Low (filmmaker)
Colin Archibald Low CM RCA (July 24, 1926 – February 24, 2016) was a Canadian animation and documentary filmmaker with the National Film Board of Canada (NFB). He was known as a pioneer, one of Canada's most important filmmakers, and was regularly referred to as "the gentleman genius". His numerous honors include five BAFTA awards, eight Cannes Film Festival awards, and six Academy Award nominations.
The Red Shoes (2005 film)
The Red Shoes (Korean: 분홍신; RR: Bunhongsin) is a 2005 South Korean supernatural horror film co-written and directed by Kim Yong-gyun, based on the 1845 fairy tale of same name by Hans Christian Andersen.

The Red Shoes (fairy tale)
"The Red Shoes" (Danish: De røde sko) is a literary fairy tale by Danish poet and author Hans Christian Andersen first published by C.A. Reitzel in Copenhagen 7 April  1845 in New Fairy Tales. First Volume. Third Collection (Nye Eventyr. Første Bind. Tredie Samling). Other tales in the volume include "The Elf Mound" (Elverhøi), "The Jumpers" (Springfyrene), "The Shepherdess and the Chimney Sweep" (Hyrdinden og Skorstensfejeren), and "Holger Danske" (Holger Danske).

The tale was republished 18 December 1849 as a part of Fairy Tales. 1850. (Eventyr. 1850.) and again on 30 March 1863 as a part of Fairy Tales and Stories. Second Volume. 1863. (Eventyr og Historier. Andet Bind. 1863.). The story is about a girl forced to dance continually in her red shoes. "The Red Shoes" has seen adaptations in various media including film.
Arbutus Lake (Michigan)
Arbutus Lake (/ˈɑːrbjuːtəs/ ar-BYOO-təs) is a lake in Grand Traverse County, Michigan. YMCA Camp Hayo-Went-Ha is located on the northeastern shore of the lake, and some of its common activities, such as rowing and fishing, take place on the lake.

The lake is composed of five smaller lakes, numbered Lakes 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, ordered from south to north. Arbutus Lake, as well as the other Forest Lakes, is a part of the Boardman River watershed.

Boardman River
The Boardman River (/bɔːrdmən/ BORD-mən), also known as the Ottaway River (/ɒtəweɪ/ AH-tə-way) or the Boardman–Ottaway River, is a 28.2-mile-long (45.4 km) river in the northwestern Lower Peninsula of Michigan. It rises in western Kalkaska County, and flows west and north through Grand Traverse County to end in downtown Traverse City at the Grand Traverse Bay, a bay of Lake Michigan. The river's watershed drains an area of 295 square miles (760 km2) through a combined 130 miles (210 km) of river and tributaries. Additionally, the Boardman River is considered one of the top ten trout streams in Michigan.
Umiat, Alaska
Umiat (OO-mee-yat) is an unincorporated community in North Slope Borough, Alaska, United States. It is located on the Colville River, 140 miles southwest of Deadhorse in the Arctic Circle. The town is not accessible by road or rail, only by air or river.

North Slope Borough, Alaska
The North Slope Borough is the northernmost borough in the US state of Alaska and, thus, the northernmost county or equivalent of the United States as a whole. As of the 2020 census, the population was 11,031. The borough seat and largest city, comprising nearly half of the borough’s population, is Utqiaġvik (known as Barrow from 1901 to 2016), the northernmost settlement in the United States.
Tongapōrutu
Tongapōrutu is a settlement in northern Taranaki, in the North Island of New Zealand. It is located on State Highway 3 at the mouth of the Tongapōrutu River, 15 kilometres south of Mōkau. Tongapōrutu is well known in New Zealand for its 'Three Sisters' rock formations and its Māori petroglyphs carved into cave rock walls. However, both the Māori rock carvings and the Three Sisters formations are constantly being eroded by the Tasman Sea.

Tongapōrutu River
The Tongapōrutu River is a river of the Taranaki region of New Zealand's North Island. It initially flows north from its origins near Tahora, turning west to reach the Tasman Sea coast close to the settlement of Tongapōrutu, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) south of Mokau.

One of the largest North Island water falls, Mount Damper Falls, is located on a tributary of the river, Mount Damper Stream near Tahora.

At the river mouth, there are Māori petroglyphs in some caves in the cliffs, including one which shoes a six-toed foot. This location is also very near the Three Sisters and Elephant Rock seastacks.
Vicar general
A vicar general (previously, archdeacon) is the principal deputy of the bishop or archbishop of a diocese or an archdiocese for the exercise of administrative authority and possesses the title of local ordinary. As vicar of the bishop, the vicar general exercises the bishop's ordinary executive power over the entire diocese and, thus, is the highest official in a diocese or other particular church after the diocesan bishop or his equivalent in canon law.

The title normally occurs only in Western Christian churches, such as the Latin Church of the Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion. Among the Eastern churches, the Mar Thoma Syrian Church of Kerala uses this title and remains an exception. The title for the equivalent officer in the Eastern churches is syncellus and protosyncellus.

The term is used by many religious orders of men in a similar manner, designating the authority in the Order after its Superior General.

Protosyncellus
A protosyncellus, protosynkellos or protosyngel (Greek: πρωτοσύγκελλος) is the principal deputy of the bishop of an eparchy for the exercise of administrative authority in an Eastern Orthodox or Eastern Catholic church. The equivalent position in the Western Christian churches is vicar general.
Rovellasca
Rovellasca is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Como in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) south of Como.

Rovellasca borders the following municipalities: Bregnano, Lazzate, Lomazzo, Misinto, Rovello Porro.

Physician and zoologist Giovanni Battista Grassi was born in Rovellasca.

Lazzate
Lazzate is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Monza and Brianza in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) northwest of Milan.

Lazzate borders the following municipalities: Bregnano, Cermenate, Lentate sul Seveso, Rovellasca, Misinto.
Lucinactant
Lucinactant (trade name Surfaxin) is a liquid medication used to treat infant respiratory distress syndrome. It is a pulmonary surfactant for infants who lack enough natural surfactant in their lungs. Whereas earlier medicines of the class, such as beractant (Survanta & Beraksurf), calfactant (Infasurf), and poractant (Curosurf), are derived from animals, lucinactant is synthetic. It was approved for use in the United States by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) on March 6, 2012.

Pulmonary surfactant
Pulmonary surfactant is a surface-active complex of phospholipids and proteins formed by type II alveolar cells. The proteins and lipids that make up the surfactant have both hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions. By adsorbing to the air-water interface of alveoli, with hydrophilic head groups in the water and the hydrophobic tails facing towards the air, the main lipid component of the surfactant, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), reduces surface tension.

As a medication, pulmonary surfactant is on the WHO Model List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.
Lemon Pop
Lemon Pop (Japanese: レモンポップ, foaled February 15, 2018) is a retired Japanese Thoroughbred racehorse. His major wins include the February Stakes, Mile Championship Nambu Hai, and Champions Cup. He was awarded the JRA Award for Best Dirt Horse for 2023 and 2024.

His name was derived from a Japanese beverage named "Lemon Squash" ( Japanese: レモンスカッシュ).

JRA Award for Best Dirt Horse
Japanese Best Dirt Horse is a title awarded annually by the Japan Racing Association (JRA) to an outstanding horse of that category in horse racing in Japan.
Since 1987 the honor has been part of the JRA Awards.
Nelson's band of brothers
"Band of brothers" was a phrase used by Rear-Admiral Horatio Nelson to refer to the captains under his command just before and at the Battle of the Nile in 1798. The phrase, taken from Shakespeare's St Crispin's Day Speech of Henry V, later came to be more generally applied to his relationship with the captains and men under his command, such as at the Battle of Trafalgar.

St Crispin's Day Speech
The St Crispin's Day speech is a part of William Shakespeare's history play Henry V, Act IV Scene iii(3) 18–67. On the eve of the Battle of Agincourt, which fell on Saint Crispin's Day, Henry V urges his men, who were vastly outnumbered by the French, to imagine the glory and immortality that will be theirs if they are victorious. The speech has been famously portrayed by Laurence Olivier in the 1944 film to raise British spirits during the Second World War, and by Kenneth Branagh in the 1989 film Henry V; it made famous the phrase "band of brothers". The play was written around 1600, and several later writers have used parts of it in their own texts.
Coming Out (1989 film)
Coming Out is a 1989 East German film directed by Heiner Carow and written by Wolfram Witt which deals with the lead character, a high school teacher, "coming out" and accepting himself as gay. It was the last East German film released to the public prior to the German reunification and one of the last films made by DEFA, the East German state film studio, and the only gay-themed feature film that it made.

The film premiered at the Kino International in Berlin on 9 November 1989, the night that the Berlin Wall was opened.

It won a number of awards including a Silver Bear and Teddy Award at 40th Berlin International Film Festival, and awards at the National Feature Film Festival of the GDR.

The lead actors are Matthias Freihof, Dagmar Manzel, and Dirk Kummer. The film was shot on location in East Berlin and includes scenes shot with amateurs in some of the gay venues of the time. The East German transgender activist Charlotte von Mahlsdorf played a cameo role as a barmaid.

Dirk Kummer
Dirk Kummer (born 29 September 1966 in Hennigsdorf) is a German actor, director, and screenwriter. He is best known for directing movies Sugar Sand (2017), Wohin mit den Witwen (1999) and Rosenzweig's Freedom (1998).
Baguley tram stop
Baguley tram stop is a tram stop on the Airport Line, built for phase 3B of the Manchester Metrolink to Manchester Airport. It opened on 3 November 2014 and is on Southmoor Road next to Roundthorn Industrial Estate and a Tesco supermarket.

It is located near to the former Baguley railway station. It has long been proposed to reopen this station for an interchange.

Baguley railway station
Baguley railway station served in the area of Baguley in Wythenshawe, south Manchester, England. It was sited at the extreme western edge of Baguley, near the southern end of Brooklands Road where Shady Lane crossed the railway line.
Business Centre Australia
Business Centre Australia is a business news television program that was broadcast on CNBC Asia. The program served as a round-up to the trading day in Australia. During its debut in late January 2001, it initially aired only to viewers on CNBC Asia's Australian feed but later that year it was made available across the region. The show was presented by Amanda Drury from Singapore and Mark Laudi from Sydney although Laudi eventually moved back to Singapore and co-hosted the show there. The show ended in January 2004.

CNBC Asia
CNBC Asia is a Singapore-based business news channel owned by Versant. It is a pan-Asian branch of the U.S.-based CNBC.

The channel launched on 20 June 1995 out of Hong Kong. In 1998, the channel merged with Dow Jones' Asia Business News and relocated to its facilities in Singapore. The network maintains bureaus across the Asia–Pacific region.
Treviso FBC 1993
Treviso Foot Ball Club 1993, commonly known as Treviso, is an Italian football club based in Treviso, Veneto, which competes in Serie D, the fourth tier of Italian football.

Football Club Treviso was originally founded in 1909, while the current society dates back to 1921. The team has been playing its home matches in the 10,000-seat Stadio Omobono Tenni since 1933.

Treviso
Treviso (US: /treɪˈviːzoʊ/ tray-VEE-zoh; Italian: [treˈviːzo] ⓘ; Venetian: Trevixo [tɾeˈvizo]) is a city and comune (municipality) in the Veneto region of northern Italy. It is the capital of the province of Treviso and the municipality has 87,322 inhabitants (as of December 2024). Some 3,000 live within the Venetian walls (le Mura) or in the historical and monumental center; some 80,000 live in the urban center while the city hinterland has a population of approximately 170,000.

The province is home to the headquarters of clothing retailer Benetton, Sisley, Stefanel, Geox, Diadora and Lotto Sport Italia, appliance maker De'Longhi, and bicycle maker Pinarello.

Treviso is also known for being the original production area of Prosecco wine and radicchio, and is thought to have been the origin of the popular Italian dessert tiramisù.
Justin Scott (ice hockey)
Justin Scott (born 13 August 1995) is a Canadian professional ice hockey forward for the Straubing Tigers in the Deutsche Eishockey Liga (DEL). He previously played for the Cleveland Monsters and Colorado Eagles in the American Hockey League (AHL).

Cleveland Monsters
The  Cleveland Monsters are a professional ice hockey team based in Cleveland. They are the American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate of the Columbus Blue Jackets of the National Hockey League (NHL). The Monsters play home games at Rocket Arena in downtown Cleveland and have one Calder Cup championship, after winning their first title in 2016. The team has ever since held one of the highest attendance averages in the AHL, leading the league in the COVID-19 pandemic-shortened 2019–20 AHL season and all seasons since 2022-23.
Iglesia de San Francisco, Santiago de Chile
The San Francisco Church (Spanish: Iglesia de San Francisco) is a Franciscan church on Avenida Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins, in the downtown of Santiago de Chile. The church, along with the adjacent convent, is one of the oldest colonial-era buildings in the country. It has been resistant to about 15 earthquakes of magnitude over 7.

Alameda (Santiago)
Avenida Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins (English: General Liberator Bernardo O'Higgins Avenue), popularly known as 'La Alameda' (meaning, a street bordered by poplar trees), is the main avenue of Santiago, Chile. It runs east–west in the centre of the greater urban area and is 7.77 km (4.83 mi) long, and it has up to 5 lanes in each direction. It was named after Chile's founding father Bernardo O'Higgins. It was originally a branch of the Mapocho River.
Companion matrix
In linear algebra, the  Frobenius companion matrix of the monic polynomial

is the square matrix defined as

Some authors use the transpose of this matrix, , which is more convenient for some purposes such as linear recurrence relations (see below).

is defined from the coefficients of , while the characteristic polynomial as well as the minimal polynomial of  are equal to . In this sense, the matrix  and the polynomial  are "companions".

Characteristic polynomial
In linear algebra, the characteristic polynomial of a square matrix is a polynomial which is invariant under matrix similarity and has the eigenvalues as roots. It has the determinant and the trace of the matrix among its coefficients. The characteristic polynomial of an endomorphism of a finite-dimensional vector space is the characteristic polynomial of the matrix of that endomorphism over any basis (that is, the characteristic polynomial does not depend on the choice of a basis). The characteristic equation, also known as the determinantal equation, is the equation obtained by equating the characteristic polynomial to zero.

In spectral graph theory, the characteristic polynomial of a graph is the characteristic polynomial of its adjacency matrix.
Australian Competition and Consumer Commission
The Australian Competition and Consumer Commission (ACCC) is the chief competition regulator of the Government of Australia, located within the Department of the Treasury. It was established in 1995 with the amalgamation of the Australian Trade Practices Commission and the Prices Surveillance Authority to administer the Trade Practices Act 1974, which was replaced by the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 on 1 January 2011. The ACCC's mandate is to protect consumer rights and business rights and obligations, to perform industry regulation and price monitoring, and to prevent illegal anti-competitive behaviour.

Trade Practices Commission
The Trade Practices Commission was an agency of the Government of Australia responsible for monitoring and enforcement activities under the Trade Practices Act 1974. It was superseded by the Australian Competition & Consumer Commission in 1995.