hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paolo Toth
Paolo Toth (born 29 December 1941 in Zara, Italy) is an Italian scientist and engineer, and an Emeritus Professor of Operations Research at the University of Bologna.
He is known for his research in operations research and mathematical programming.
He made significant contributions in the areas of vehicle routing, knapsack and other cutting and packing problems, train scheduling, set covering, vertex coloring and, in general, combinatorial optimization.
As of 2023, he published over 170 peer-reviewed articles and was cited more than 10,000 times.

He was President of the Italian Operations Research Society (AIRO) from 1988 to 1995, of the Association of European Operational Research Societies (EURO) from 1995 to 1996, and of the International Federation of Operational Research Societies (IFORS) from 2001 to 2003.

Among his PhD students are Andrew H. and Ann R. Tisch Professor Andrea Lodi (Cornell Tech), and Professor Daniele Vigo (University of Bologna).

Italian Operations Research Society
The Associazione Italiana di Ricerca Operativa (AIRO) – Optimization and Decision Sciences – is the professional non-profit society for the scientific field of Operations Research in Italy.
The society is recognized by the International Federation of Operational Research Societies and its subgrouping, the Association of European Operational Research Societies, as the main national society for Operations Research in its country.
AIRO is part of FIMA, the Italian Federation of Applied Mathematics.
Can Manufacturers Institute
The Can Manufacturers Institute (CMI) is a trade association of manufacturers and suppliers of metal cans in the United States.

The CMI was chartered in 1938. At that time, it represented 39 companies including can manufacturers and other businesses which supplied goods and services to the can industry. Members include manufacturers of steel and aluminum cans, aluminum suppliers, steel suppliers, and producers of inks, sealants, and coatings used in making cans. The association estimates that its members are collectively responsible for more than 81 percent of U.S. can production. Member companies operate plants in 33 states, Puerto Rico, and American Samoa, and they have 22,000 employees.

The institute is headquartered in Washington, DC. Between 1998 and 2009, the institute's annual expenditures on federal government lobbying ranged from $20,000 (in 1999 and 2009) to $200,000 (in 2003, 2004, and 2005).

Steel and tin cans
A steel can, tin can, tin (especially in British English, Australian English, Canadian English and South African English), or can is a  container made of thin metal, for distribution or storage of goods. Some cans are opened by removing the top panel with a can opener or other tool; others have covers removable by hand without a tool. Cans can store a broad variety of contents: food, beverages, oil, chemicals, etc. In a broad sense, any metal container is sometimes called a "tin can", even if it is made, for example, of aluminium.

Steel cans were traditionally made of tinplate; the tin coating stopped the contents from rusting the steel. Tinned steel is still used, especially for fruit juices and pale canned fruit. Modern cans are often made from steel lined with transparent films made from assorted plastics, instead of tin. Early cans were often soldered with high-lead solders.

Cans are highly recyclable and around 65% of steel cans are recycled.
Communications in Mathematical Physics
Communications in Mathematical Physics is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by Springer. The journal publishes papers in all fields of mathematical physics, but focuses particularly in analysis related to condensed matter physics, statistical mechanics and quantum field theory, and in operator algebras, quantum information and relativity.

Quantum field theory
In theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is a theoretical framework that combines field theory, special relativity and quantum mechanics.: xi  QFT is used in particle physics to construct physical models of subatomic particles and in condensed matter physics to construct models of quasiparticles. The current standard model of particle physics is based on QFT.

Despite its extraordinary predictive success, QFT faces ongoing challenges in fully incorporating gravity and in establishing a completely rigorous mathematical foundation.
Young Euro Classic
Young Euro Classic is an international music festival for youth orchestras. Established in Berlin, Germany in 2000, it is one of the world's most important international platforms for young musicians in the Western classical music tradition. Every summer, orchestras from all over the world perform at the Konzerthaus Berlin.

The festival is an associated member organization of the European Federation of National Youth Orchestras.

European Federation of National Youth Orchestras
The European Federation of National Youth Orchestras (EFNYO) is the association of the national youth orchestras of Europe. Its mission statement is to "provide a unique platform for the exchange of experience in orchestra training". It is co-funded by the Creative Europe Programme of the European Union.

EFNYO is a member of the European Music Council, International Music Council, Jeunesses Musicales International and Culture Action Europe.
1998 Alfred Dunhill Cup
The 1998 Alfred Dunhill Cup was the 14th Alfred Dunhill Cup. It was a team tournament featuring 16 countries, each represented by three players. The Cup was played 8–11 October at the Old Course at St Andrews in Scotland. The sponsor was the Alfred Dunhill company. The South African team of Ernie Els, David Frost, and Retief Goosen beat the Spanish team of Miguel Ángel Jiménez, Santiago Luna, and José María Olazábal in the final. It was the second win for South Africa, with the same team having won in 1997.

Miguel Ángel Jiménez
Miguel Ángel Jiménez Rodríguez (born 5 January 1964) is a Spanish professional golfer. He has won 21 times on the European Tour, holds the records for the most starts on the European Tour and being the first player over 50 to win on the European Tour (2014 Open de Espana at age 50 years and 133 days) and has been a member of two victorious Ryder Cup teams.
Purva Bedi
Purva Bedi is an Indian-born American actress. She has appeared in many television serials and several films, including Green Card Fever, American Desi, and Cosmopolitan. She has also starred in an episode of House. Her most recent appearance is as Clare on the TV teen drama Gossip Girl. In 2020, she appeared in the drama film, The Surrogate.

She was born in Chandigarh but grew up in Belgium and the United States. She is the daughter of Columbia University professor Susham Bedi.

Cosmopolitan (film)
Cosmopolitan is a 2003 American independent film starring Roshan Seth and Carol Kane, and directed by Nisha Ganatra. The film, based on an acclaimed short story by Akhil Sharma and written by screenwriter Sabrina Dhawan  (Monsoon Wedding), is a cross-cultural romance between a confused and lonely middle-aged Indian, who has lived in America for 20 years, and his exasperating, free-spirited blonde neighbour.

The film was released theatrically in 2003. It was televised nationally in 2004 on the PBS series Independent Lens.
Ixiamas Municipality
Ixiamas Municipality is the first municipal section of the Abel Iturralde Province in the  La Paz Department, Bolivia. Its seat is Ixiamas.

In 2019, the municipality created the Área Municipal de Conservación y Manejo del Bajo Madidi (about 1,535,487 hectares (15,355 km2)); its creation received technical support from Conservation International Bolivia. Work in the area has also included support for sustainable production initiatives with Indigenous communities.

Municipalities of Bolivia
Municipalities in Bolivia (Spanish: municipios) are administrative divisions of the entire national territory governed by local elections. Municipalities are the third level of administrative divisions, below departments and provinces. Some of the provinces consist of only one municipality. In these cases the municipalities are identical to the provinces they belong to. There are 340 municipalities.
Sanduny
55°45′51″N 37°37′17″E﻿ / ﻿55.76417°N 37.62139°E﻿ / 55.76417; 37.62139

Sandunоvskie Baths (Russian: Сандуновские бани) or Sandunу (Сандуны́, IPA: [səndʊˈnɨ]) is a cultural and architectural landmark in downtown Moscow, located at 14 Neglinnaya street adjacent to the Central Bank of Russia. First opened in 1808, the baths were founded by and named after the Georgian businessman Sila Sandunov (Zandukeli) (1756–1820), who was once an actor at the court of Catherine II during the 1790s. He bought a land plot on the Neglinnaya River in 1800 to construct baths there.

Neglinnaya (river)
The Neglinnaya (Russian: Неглинная, IPA: [nʲɪˈɡlʲinːəjə]), also known as Neglinka, Neglinna,  Neglimna (Неглинка, Неглинна, Неглимна), is a 7.5 km underground river in the central part of Moscow and a tributary of the river Moskva. It flows in the tunnels under Samotechnaya Street, Tsvetnoy Boulevard, Neglinnaya Street and Alexander Garden and Zaryadye. The Neglinnaya discharges into the Moskva through two separate tunnels near Bolshoy Kamenny Bridge and Bolshoy Moskvoretsky Bridge.
7th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party
The 7th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), formally the Political Bureau of the 7th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, was elected at the 1st plenary session of the 7th Central Committee of the CCP on 19 June 1945 in the aftermath of the 7th National Congress. This electoral term was preceded by the 6th Politburo and succeeded by the 8th. Seven of the 15 members served concurrently in the 7th Secretariat.

6th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party
The 6th Politburo, formally the Political Bureau of the 6th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, was elected by the 1st plenary session of the 6th Central Committee in 1928, in the aftermath of the 6th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP). This electoral term was preceded by the 5th Politburo and succeeded by the 7th in 1945.

Alternate membership was discontinued in the October 1936 reorganisation, and the Provisional Politburo had no alternates.
Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence
The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) is an international scientific society devoted to promote research in, and responsible use of, artificial intelligence (AI). AAAI also aims to increase public understanding of AI, improve the teaching and training of AI practitioners, and provide guidance for research planners and funders concerning the importance and potential of current AI developments and future directions.

Stuart J. Russell
Stuart Jonathan Russell OBE FRS (born 1962) is a British computer scientist known for his contributions to artificial intelligence (AI). He is a professor of computer science at the University of California, Berkeley and was from 2008 to 2011 an adjunct professor of neurological surgery at the University of California, San Francisco. He holds the Smith-Zadeh Chair in Engineering at University of California, Berkeley. He founded and leads the Center for Human-Compatible Artificial Intelligence (CHAI) at UC Berkeley and the International Association for Safe and Ethical Artificial Intelligence (IASEAI). Russell is the co-author with Peter Norvig of the authoritative textbook of the field of AI: Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach used in more than 1,500 universities in 135 countries.
Wachusett Regional High School
Wachusett Regional High School (WRHS) is located in Holden, Massachusetts, United States and services the Wachusett Regional School District. Founded in 1955, the school educates students from Holden, Paxton, Princeton, Rutland, and Sterling. It is the first regional high school in Massachusetts.

Princeton, Massachusetts
Princeton is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. It is bordered on the east by Sterling and Leominster, on the north by Westminster, on the northwest by Hubbardston, on the southwest by Rutland, and on the southeast by Holden. The preeminent landmark within Princeton is Mount Wachusett, which straddles the line between Princeton and Westminster but the entrance to which is within Princeton. According to tradition, in 1675, Mary Rowlandson was ransomed upon Redemption Rock, now within the town of Princeton, by King Philip. The population was 3,495 at the 2020 census. Princeton is a rural exurb, serving as a bedroom commuter town for nearby cities such as Worcester, Gardner, and Boston.
Yu Liu (professor)
Yu Liu is an American historian, and professor at Niagara County Community College.

He graduated from Luoyang Foreign Languages Institute, China, with a Bachelor of Arts; from Lancaster University with a Master of Arts; from Edinburgh University with a Master of Science; and from University at Buffalo, The State University of New York with a Ph.D.

SUNY Niagara
SUNY Niagara (formerly Niagara County Community College, or NCCC) is a public community college in Sanborn, New York. Founded in 1962, SUNY Niagara is sponsored by Niagara County and offers associate degrees as part of the State University of New York system. Dual admissions programs facilitate transfer to four-year colleges upon completion of the two-year degree programs.

SUNY Niagara operates the Niagara Falls Culinary Institute as a remote campus within the former Rainbow Centre Factory Outlet in downtown Niagara Falls, New York.
Mossy, West Virginia
Mossy is an unincorporated community in Fayette County, West Virginia, United States. Mossy is located off exit 60 on the West Virginia Turnpike and is west of Oak Hill. As of 1993, the community had an Exxon gas station, and motel, all owned by Teddy Gray. The motel has burned down and is gone.

Interstate 77 in West Virginia
Interstate 77 (I-77) in the US state of West Virginia is a major north–south Interstate Highway. It extends for 187.21 miles (301.29 km) between Bluefield at the Virginia state line and Williamstown at the Ohio state line.

The highway serves Charleston, the capital and largest city in West Virginia; it also serves the cities of Princeton, Beckley, and Parkersburg. I-77 follows the entire length of the West Virginia Turnpike, a toll road that runs between Princeton and Charleston, and it runs concurrently with I-64 between Beckley and Charleston.

Historically, the West Virginia Turnpike was a two-lane road with treacherous curves and a tunnel (which has since been decommissioned). Construction began in 1952, several years before the Interstate Highway System was funded. It was only in 1987 that the entire length of the turnpike was upgraded to Interstate standards. Due to the difficulty and lives lost in construction, it has been called "88 miles of miracle".
Bryn McAuley
Bryn McAuley is a Canadian actress. She is best known for playing Caillou on the television series of the same name, Anne Shirley on Anne of Green Gables: The Animated Series, Gina Lash in Angela Anaconda, Skye Blue in Carl², Becky Lopez in George Shrinks, Harriet in Franklin, Laney Penn in Grojband, Suzi in Camp Lakebottom, Quills in Numb Chucks, Amy and Samey in Total Drama: Pahkitew Island, Taylor in Total Drama Presents: The Ridonculous Race, Mavis Dracula in Hotel Transylvania: The Series, Eleanor in The Day My Butt Went Psycho! and Bea in Top Wing.

The Day My Butt Went Psycho!
The Day My Butt Went Psycho! is an animated comedy television series based loosely upon the novel series of a similar name by Andy Griffiths. The show was produced by Nelvana, Studio Moshi and Brain Bender Pty Ltd. in association with Scholastic Entertainment, and premiered on the Australian television channel Nine Network in September 2013 and on Teletoon (now Cartoon Network) and on the Canadian version of Boomerang.
Ausa (river)
The Ausa is a minor river some 17 kilometres (11 mi) long that traverses part of northern San Marino and Emilia–Romagna in Italy.

The source of the river is Monte Titano in central San Marino. The river flows northeast past Serravalle and crosses the border into the Italian province of Rimini close to Dogana. The river continues flowing northeast and is channelled through storm drains at Rimini before emptying into the Marecchia. It features the lowest point of San Marino, at 55 metres (180 ft) above sea level, at the point where it leaves the country.

Arch of Augustus (Rimini)
The Arch of Augustus (Italian: Arco d'Augusto, Romagnol: l’Èrc d’Augóst) is a gate set in the former city wall of Rimini, Emilia-Romagna, in the form of an ancient Roman triumphal arch.

Built in 27 BC in honour of Augustus, the first Roman emperor, the arch marks the northern end of the Via Flaminia, the road between Ariminum (Rimini) and Rome constructed in 220 BC by Gaius Flaminius. Under Fascist Italy, the adjoining city walls and surrounding buildings were demolished, leaving the Arch of Augustus to stand as an isolated monument.

The Arch of Augustus is the oldest preserved arch in Italy. Along with the Ponte di Tiberio, it is one of Rimini's most-recognised symbols, and is represented on the city's coat of arms. Because of the city's location at the tip of a strategically-important north–south passage by the Adriatic Sea, many armies have passed through the Arch of Augustus, leading Antonio Paolucci to describe the Arch of Augustus as "the eye of Italy's needle".
Neil L. Gillis
Neil Lee Gillis (March 12, 1864 – October 27, 1933) was an American banker and politician known as the "father of Treutlen County" after his efforts spearheading its creation in 1918. Gillis served in the Georgia House of Representatives from 1909 to 1910, representing Emanuel County, and in the Georgia State Senate as Treutlen County's first state senator.

Gillis was born on March 12, 1864, in Emanuel County, Georgia. He married Lougenia Youmans in 1888; she died on February 15, 1922. They had five children: Neil Lee Jr., Jim L. Sr., Kate, Annie May, and "Mrs. Jim Peterson". Gillis died on October 27, 1933.

Treutlen County, Georgia
Treutlen County (/ˈtruːtlɪn/ TROOT-lin) is a county located in the southern portion and Magnolia midlands portion of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,406. The county seat is Soperton. Treutlen County is host to the Million Pines Arts and Crafts Festival which takes place during the first weekend in November.
Tavernola Bergamasca
Tavernola Bergamasca (Bergamasque: Taèrnola) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northeast of Milan and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Bergamo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,242 and an area of 12.4 square kilometres (4.8 sq mi).

Tavernola Bergamasca borders the following municipalities: Iseo, Monte Isola, Parzanica, Predore, Vigolo.

Province of Bergamo
The province of Bergamo (Italian: provincia di Bergamo; Bergamasque: proìnsa de Bèrghem) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Bergamo. The province has a population of 1,103,768 (2023), an area of 2,754.91 square kilometers (1,063.68 sq mi), and contains 242 comuni (municipalities).
Joe Arquette
Joe Arquette (born 1981 in El Paso, Texas) is an American actor.

He starred in the title role in the feature G.I. Jesus. The film won the grand jury prize at the 2006 CineVegas Film Festival. He also appeared in the Kevin Costner film The Guardian.

G.I. Jesús
G.I. Jesús (alternatively, G.I. Jesus) is a 2006 American film directed by Carl Colpaert. The film follows Jesús, a Mexican national seeking US citizenship through military service, who returns home to Los Angeles on furlough from the Iraq War. It won the grand jury prize at the 2006 CineVegas Film Festival.
Pacific Western Airlines
Pacific Western Airlines (PWA) was an airline that operated scheduled flights throughout western Canada and charter services around the world from the 1950s through the 1980s.

In 1987, PWA purchased Canadian Pacific Air Lines, and the merged airlines became Canadian Airlines International.

Combi aircraft
Combi aircraft in commercial aviation are aircraft that can be used to carry either passengers as an airliner, or cargo as a freighter, and may have a partition in the aircraft cabin to allow both uses at the same time in a mixed passenger/freight combination. The name combi comes from the word combination. The concept originated in railroading with the combine car, a passenger car that contains a separate compartment for mail or baggage.

Combi aircraft typically feature an oversized cargo door, as well as tracks on the cabin floor to allow the seats to be added or removed quickly.

Typically, configured for both passenger and cargo duty, the passenger compartment is pressurized to a higher pressure, to prevent potential fumes from cargo entering the passenger area.
Santi Apostoli, Rome
Santi Dodici Apostoli (Church of the Twelve Holy Apostles; Latin: SS. Duodecim Apostolorum), commonly known as Santi Apostoli, is a 6th-century Catholic parish and titular church and minor basilica in Rome, Italy, the mother church of the Conventual Franciscan Order whose General Curia (world headquarters) is in the adjacent building. Dedicated originally to St. James and St. Philip, whose relics are kept here, and later to all Apostles, it is the Station church for Friday, the first week of Lent.

The Cardinal Priest of the Titulus XII Apostolorum is Angelo Scola. Among the previous Cardinal Priests are Pope Clement XIV, whose tomb by Canova is in the basilica, and Henry Benedict Stuart.

Bessarion
Bessarion (Greek: Βησσαρίων; 2 January 1403 – 18 November 1472) was a Byzantine Greek Renaissance humanist, theologian, Catholic cardinal and one of the famed Greek scholars who contributed to the revival of letters in the 15th century. He was educated by Gemistus Pletho in Neoplatonic philosophy and later served as the titular Latin Patriarch of Constantinople. He eventually was named a cardinal and was twice considered for the papacy.

His baptismal name was Basil (Greek: Βασίλειος, Basileios or Basilios). He took the name Bessarion upon entering the monastery. He has been mistakenly known also as Johannes Bessarion (Italian: Giovanni Bessarione) due to an erroneous interpretation of Gregory III Mammas.
Dohna Castle
Dohna Castle (German: Burg Dohna, Czech: hrad Donín) on the once important medieval trade route from Saxony to Bohemia was the ancestral castle seat of the Burgraves of Dohna. Of the old, once imposing double castle only a few remnants of the walls remain. The ruins of the old castle are located on the hill of Schlossberg near the subsequent suburb of the town of the same name, Dohna, in the district of Sächsische Schweiz-Osterzgebirge in Saxony, Germany.

Dohna Feud
The Dohna Feud (German: Dohnaische Fehde) was a 14th-century dispute between the Burgraves of Dohna, who resided in the Eastern Ore Mountains of Central Europe, on the one hand and Saxon nobleman, John of Körbitz (Hans von Körbitz) and William I, Margrave of Meissen, on the other. The feud lasted from 1385 to 1402.
Agamid adenovirus
Agamid adenovirus (Agamid AdV1), also called Bearded dragon adenovirus 1, is a type of virus in the Adenoviridae family. The virus is widespread in captive populations of Pogona vitticeps, known commonly as the central bearded dragon, in the United States. Other countries with confirmed cases are Australia, Japan, Germany, The Netherlands, Belgium, the UK, and El Salvador. It is often discovered in association with other infections, and causes increased juvenile mortality and adult deaths.

Central bearded dragon
The central bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps), also known commonly as the inland bearded dragon, is a species of lizard in the family Agamidae. The species is native to eastern and central Australia. Its common name refers to the pouch under their chin that they can inflate and darken in coloration, similar to the frilled lizard. The bearded dragon grows to around up to 60 cm (24 in) from head to tail tip and can weigh 550 g (0.6 lb). Males are generally larger than females. The lizard's body is generally brown, tan, yellow, and red.