hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zhvanets
Zhvanets (Ukrainian: Жванець) is a village (a selo) in Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion (district) of Khmelnytskyi Oblast in western Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Zhvanets rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The village's population was 1,529 as of the 2001 Ukrainian census.

Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion
Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion (Ukrainian: Кам'янець-Подільський район, romanized: Kamjanec'-Podil's'kyj rajon) is one of the three administrative raions (district) of Khmelnytskyi Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is located in the city of Kamianets-Podilskyi. Population: 279,789 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Khmelnytskyi Oblast was reduced to three, and the area of Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion was significantly expanded. Three abolished raions, Chemerivtsi, Dunaivtsi, and Nova Ushytsia Raions, as well as the city of Kamianets-Podilskyi, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance and did not belong to the raion, were merged into Kamianets-Podilskyi Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 63,302 (2020 est.). Its population was 75,506 in the 2001 Ukrainian Census.
Teradyne
Teradyne, Inc. is an American automatic test equipment (ATE) designer and manufacturer based in North Reading, Massachusetts. Its high-profile customers include Samsung, Qualcomm, Intel, Analog Devices, Texas Instruments and IBM.

General Radio
General Radio Company (later, GenRad) was a broad-line manufacturer of electronic test equipment in Massachusetts, U.S. from 1915 to 2001.  During the middle of 20th century, they were a major competitor to Hewlett-Packard and Tektronix.
James Watson (printer)
James Watson (c. 1664 – 1722) was a Scottish printer, bookseller and founder of several Scottish newspapers, coming from a long line of printers. Unafraid of controversy in his printing he was in court multiple times and imprisoned at least once.

Watson's collection of ancient poetry, the Choice Collection of Comic and Serious Scottish Poems (1706), helped to launch Scotland's eighteenth century Scots Vernacular Revival, influencing Allan Ramsay, Robert Fergusson, Robert Burns and Walter Scott.

Watson's History of Printing (1713) is also seen as a milestone in printing history.

The Edinburgh Gazette
The Edinburgh Gazette is a newspaper of record (government gazette) of the Government of the United Kingdom, along with The London Gazette and The Belfast Gazette. It is published by The Stationery Office (TSO), on behalf of His Majesty's Stationery Office (HMSO) in Edinburgh, Scotland. The Crown Agent is, ex officio, the Keeper of the Edinburgh Gazette.
Arturo Merzario
Arturo Francesco "Art" Merzario (born 11 March 1943) is an Italian racing driver and motorsport executive, who competed in Formula One from 1972 to 1979.

Merzario competed in Formula One for Ferrari, Frank Williams, Fittipaldi, March, Wolf–Williams and Shadow, before founding his eponymous team in 1977: Merzario. He participated in 85 Grands Prix, scoring 11 championship points.

Mugello Circuit
Mugello Circuit (in Italian: Autodromo Internazionale del Mugello; in English: Mugello International Autodrome) is a motorsport race track in Scarperia e San Piero, Florence, Tuscany, Italy. The circuit length is 5.245 km (3.259 mi). It has 15 turns and a 1.141 km (0.709 mi) long straight. The circuit stadium stands have a capacity of 50,000.

The Italian motorcycle Grand Prix is held annually at the circuit (for MotoGP and smaller classes). Since 1988, the track has been owned and used by Scuderia Ferrari for Formula One testing.

The circuit hosted its first ever Formula One race on 13 September 2020, named the Tuscan Grand Prix, as part of the season being restructured due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This Grand Prix was the 1000th Grand Prix for Scuderia Ferrari.
Conquest (1983 film)
Conquest is a 1983 sword & sorcery fantasy film directed by Lucio Fulci. The film plot involves Ilias (Andrea Occhipinti) a young man who  battles monsters and mutants on his journey to manhood. Conquest was reviewed by both AllMovie and The Monthly Film Bulletin, who noted the film's low budget and derivative nature, while finding the film to be surprisingly entertaining despite its negative aspects.

Quest for Fire (film)
Quest for Fire (French: La Guerre du feu) is a 1981 science fantasy adventure film set in the Paleolithic era, directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud, written by Gérard Brach and starring Everett McGill, Ron Perlman, Nameer El-Kadi and Rae Dawn Chong. The Canadian-French co-production is a film adaptation of the 1911 Belgian novel The Quest for Fire by J.-H. Rosny. The story is set "80,000 years ago", with a plot concerning the struggle for control of fire by early humans and their encounters with different hominid species.

The film was critically acclaimed. It won the Academy Award and BAFTA Award for Best Makeup, and the César Awards for Best Film and Best Director. At the 4th Genie Awards, the film was nominated in seven categories and won in five (Best Actress, Best Costume Design, Best Editing, Best Sound Editing, Best Overall Sound).
James Baylis Allen
James Baylis Allen (1803–1876) was a British engraver. Allen, together with Edward and William Radclyffe and the Willmores, belonged to a school of landscape-engravers which arose in Birmingham, where there were numerous engravers working on iron and steel manufactures.

Samuel Prout
Samuel Prout (/praʊt/; 17 September 1783 – 10 February 1852) was a British watercolourist, and one of the masters of watercolour architectural painting. Prout secured the position of Painter in Water-Colours in Ordinary to King George IV in 1829 and afterwards to Queen Victoria. John Ruskin, whose work often emulated Prout's, wrote in 1844, "Sometimes I tire of Turner, but never of Prout". Prout is often compared to his contemporaries: Turner, Constable and Ruskin, whom he taught. He was the uncle of the artist John Skinner Prout.
Malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating)
Malate dehydrogenase (decarboxylating) (EC 1.1.1.39) or NAD-malic enzyme (NAD-ME) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The two substrates of this enzyme are (S)-malic acid and oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Its products are pyruvic acid, carbon dioxide, and reduced NADH.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, to be specific, those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is (S)-malate:NAD+ oxidoreductase (decarboxylating). This enzyme participates in pyruvate metabolism and carbon fixation. NAD-malic enzyme is one of three decarboxylation enzymes used in the inorganic carbon concentrating mechanisms of C4 and CAM plants. The others are NADP-malic enzyme and PEP carboxykinase.

Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase
Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (EC 4.1.1.32, PEPCK) is an enzyme in the lyase family used in the metabolic pathway of gluconeogenesis. It converts oxaloacetate into phosphoenolpyruvate and carbon dioxide.

It is found in two forms, cytosolic and mitochondrial.
Jake Oettinger
Jakob Donald Oettinger (/ˈɒtɪndʒər/ OT-in-jer; born December 18, 1998) is an American professional ice hockey player who is a goaltender for the Dallas Stars of the National Hockey League (NHL). He played college ice hockey for Boston University. After being part of the USA Hockey National Team Development Program, he was widely considered as a top prospect for the 2017 NHL entry draft, and was ultimately selected by the Stars in the first round, 26th overall, of the 2017 draft.

2018 Hockey East men's ice hockey tournament
The 2018 Hockey East Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 34th tournament in the history of the conference. It was played between March 2 and March 17, 2018 at campus locations and at the TD Garden in Boston, Massachusetts. Boston University won their 9th tournament and earned Hockey East's automatic bid into the 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.
Prime Minister of Nepal
The prime minister of Nepal (Nepali: नेपालको प्रधानमन्त्री, romanized: Nēpālakō pradhānamantrī) is the head of government of Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal. The prime minister leads the Council of Ministers and holds the chief executive authority in the country. The prime minister must command majority support and maintain the confidence of the Pratinidhi Sabha to remain in office. If the prime minister loses this support, they are required to resign.

The official residence of the prime minister is located in Baluwatar, Kathmandu. The seat of the prime minister's office has been at Singha Darbar since Chandra Shumsher Jung Bahadur Rana's reign (1901–1929).

The sitting prime minister ranks third in the order of precedence in Nepal.

Prime Minister KP Sharma Oli resigned on September 9, 2025, following the Gen Z protests. During the interim, Sushila Karki has been serving as prime minister since September 12, 2025.

Order of precedence in Nepal
The Order of precedence of Nepal is the protocol list (hierarchy) in which the functionaries and officials are listed according to their rank and office in the Government of Nepal. As the country embraces federalism, the government finalized a new order of precedence in April 2019. The earlier order of precedence was revised by adjusting some key positions, mainly with the provincial administrations in place. The President is at the top of protocol, followed by the Vice President and then the Prime Minister.
San Anton Palace
San Anton Palace (Maltese: Il-Palazz Sant'Anton) is a palace in Attard, Malta, that currently serves as the official residence of the president of Malta. It was originally built in the early 17th century as a country villa for Antoine de Paule, a knight of the Order of St. John. It was expanded into a palace following de Paule's election as Grand Master in 1623.

The palace was used as a residence by subsequent Grand Masters, being enlarged a number of times in the process. It was the headquarters of the rebel National Assembly during the uprising of 1798–1800, and it later became a residence for the civil commissioners, governors and governors-general of Malta.  It was often used by British sovereigns and other royalty during their stay in Malta. It has been the official residence of the president since the office was created in December 1974.

The palace is surrounded by the extensive San Anton Gardens, parts of which have been open to the public since 1882.

Alexander Ball
Rear-Admiral Sir Alexander John Ball, 1st Baronet (Italian: Alessandro Giovanni Ball, 22 July 1757 – 25 October 1809) was a Royal Navy officer and colonial administrator who served as the civil commissioner of Malta from 1799 to 1801 and again from 1802 to 1809. He was born in Ebworth Park in Sheepscombe, Gloucestershire. He was the fourth son of Robert and Mary (Dickinson) Ball and the younger brother of Ingram Ball.
Arts and Entertainment (album)
Arts & Entertainment is a collaborative studio album by American rappers Masta Ace and Edo G. It was released on October 6, 2009 via M3 Records. Recording sessions took place at Dojo II Studios in New York City and at Nelly Protoolz. Production was handled by DJ Supreme One, M-Phazes, Baby Dooks, DJ Spinna, Double-O, Frank Dukes, Pav Bundy and Rain. It features guest appearances from The Bundies, Chester French, DoItAll of Lords of the Underground, KRS-One, Large Professor, Marsha Ambrosius, Posdnuos and Lite. The album was met with generally favorable reviews from music critics.

Masta Ace
Duval Clear (born December 4, 1966), better known by his stage name Masta Ace, is an American rapper and record producer from New York City. A lead member of Mr. Magic's hip hop collective Juice Crew, he is best known for his guest appearance alongside Kool G Rap, Craig G and Big Daddy Kane on the group's 1988 posse cut "The Symphony". He is noted for his distinct voice and rapping proficiency.
Tunitas, California
Tunitas, California was a small unincorporated community in San Mateo County. It was originally located on State Route 1 until that state route was moved to the west. It was also renamed Lobitos.

Arroyo de las Tunitas is shown on the diseños, about 1839, of the San Gregorio and Canada Verde grants. The name means “A small bush…grows super-abundant at and near its mouth, and its fruit is known to the present generation as sea apples.”

Lobitos, California
Lobitos (Spanish for "Little wolves") is a populated place in San Mateo County, just east of State Route 1 and south of Half Moon Bay and the ghost town of Purissima. It is 165 feet (50.3 m) above sea level.
Westmoravian College Třebíč
West Moravian College in Třebíč (Czech: Západomoravská vysoká škola Třebíč) was a private college located in Třebíč, Czech Republic. It was officially closed in 2019.

The college was founded in 2003 in place of the elementary public school ZŠ Za rybníkem in Borovina. The first class graduated with bachelor degree titles in 2006. Approximately 600 students had studied at the college. In July 2015, the school announced that its running operation would be closed in a controlled manner, with the last students expected to graduate in 2017.  In 2018, the school building was sold to a company which subsequently renovated the premises into a building for private condominiums and parking spaces.

Třebíč
Třebíč (Czech pronunciation: [ˈtr̝̊ɛbiːtʃ] ⓘ; German: Trebitsch) is a town in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 35,000 inhabitants.

The beginnings of the town's history are connected with the establishment of a Benedictine monastery, where the castle is located today. In the age of its expansion, Třebíč was the third most important town in Moravia. The population growth started after World War II.

There are several well-known tourist sights in the town. The Jewish Quarter and the St. Procopius Basilica are listed together as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Gaspar Vega
Gaspar Vega is a Belizean politician. He was the deputy prime minister of Belize from 2008 to 2016. He held the office of minister of Natural Resources and the Environment in Belize (2008–2012). He also served as Minister of Natural Resources and Agriculture. Vega is a member of the United Democratic Party (UDP).

Politics of Belize
Belize is a parliamentary representative democratic monarchy, whereby the King of Belize serves as head of state and the prime minister is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Parliament of Belize.

The party system is dominated by the centre-left People's United Party and the centre-right United Democratic Party. There have been other small parties that have participated at all levels of governmental elections in the past.  Although none of these small political parties has ever won any significant number of seats or offices, their challenge has been growing over the years.

Constitutional safeguards include freedom of speech, press, worship, movement, and association. The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature. Jurisprudence is based on English common law. People in Belize have elections to choose their government.
Free Loop (One Night Stand)
"Free Loop (One Night Stand)" (titled simply as "Free Loop" on Daniel Powter) is a song written by Canadian singer Daniel Powter. It was his second single and the follow-up to his successful song, "Bad Day". In the United Kingdom, the single was deemed ineligible to chart since a live version of "Bad Day" was included as a B-side whilst the original song was still present in the UK top 40 at the time. In the US, it did not chart on the Billboard Hot 100, but it did reach the top 30 of the Billboard Adult Contemporary chart.

Daniel Powter
Daniel Richard Powter (/ˈpaʊtər/; born February 25, 1971) is a Canadian singer-songwriter. His 2005 pop single "Bad Day" topped the Billboard Hot 100 for five weeks. He was nominated for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance at the 49th Grammy Awards for "Bad Day" and won the Juno Award for Breakthrough Artist of the Year in 2006.

Powter's subsequent work never reached the same success as "Bad Day", with Billboard dubbing him the top "one-hit wonder" of the 2000s.
Chotika Wongwilas
Chotika Wongwilas (Thai: โชติกา วงศ์วิลาศ; RTGS: Chotika Wongwilat; born July 15, 1984), nickname Noey (เนย; Noei), is an actress and model under contract with Thailand's Channel 3 Television broadcaster for whom she has acted in several lakorn (Thai television soap operas).  Known primarily for her "villainous roles", she first appeared in the 2007 drama Invisible Friend (เพื่อนซี้ล่องหน).  Other notable performances include her work in Neung Nai Suang (หนึ่งในทรวง; Only you in my heart) in 2015, Cubic (คิวบิก) in 2014, and Game Rai Game Rak (เกมร้ายเกมรัก; Evil Game/Love Game) in 2011.

Chotika grew up in Phatthalung Province in southern Thailand where she attended the Satri Phatthalung School.  She obtained her B.A. in IT Business Management at Prince of Songkla University and then went on to earn a Master's degree in Recreation and Tourism Management at Chulalongkorn University.

Game Rai Game Rak
Game Rai Game Rak (Thai: เกมร้ายเกมรัก; RTGS: Kem Rai Kem Rak) is a Thai television drama, premiered on October 28, 2011 and last aired on December 11, 2011 on Channel 3. It starred Nadech Kugimiya and Urassaya Sperbund.
Sovereign Stone (role-playing game)
Sovereign Stone is a role-playing game that was originally produced by Sovereign Press, Inc and published by Corsair Publishing, based on the Sovereign Stone novels. The game was written by Don Perrin and Lester W. Smith.

Sovereign Press
Sovereign Press, Incorporated is a publisher and distributor of role-playing games based in Lake Geneva, Wisconsin.  It was founded in 1998 by Margaret Weis and Don Perrin and is one of two companies that Weis owns.
Abbott and Costello in the Foreign Legion
Abbott and Costello in the Foreign Legion is a black-and-white 1950 American comedy film directed by Charles Lamont and starring the comedy team of Abbott and Costello.

It is set in the French Sahara with the heroes having joined the French Foreign Legion.

Charles Lamont
Charles Lamont (May 5, 1895 – September 11, 1993) was an American filmmaker, known for directing over 200 titles and producing and writing many others. He directed nine Abbott and Costello comedies and many Ma and Pa Kettle films.
Giga-updates per second
Giga-updates per second (GUPS) is a measure of computer performance. GUPS is a measurement of how frequently a computer can issue updates to randomly generated RAM locations. GUPS measurements stress the latency and especially bandwidth capabilities of a machine.

The BSS Random Access benchmark was proposed by IBM Research (Bhatotia, Sabharwal and Saxena at ACM/IEEE HiPC 2010) for measuring random memory access capability (GUPS) of multicores platforms. The new benchmark overcomes some of the major limitations (such as streaming access pattern, etc.) of the HPC Challenge Random Memory Access benchmark.

Computer performance
In computing, computer performance is the amount of useful work accomplished by a computer system. Outside of specific contexts, computer performance is estimated in terms of accuracy, efficiency and speed of executing computer program instructions. When it comes to high computer performance, one or more of the following factors might be involved:

Short response time for a given piece of work.

High throughput (rate of processing work tasks).

Low utilization of computing resources.
Fast (or highly compact) data compression and decompression.

High availability of the computing system or application.

High bandwidth.

Short data transmission time.
Go On Girl
"Go On Girl" is a song written by Ne-Yo, Tor Erik Hermansen, Mikkel S. Eriksen, Espen Lind and Amund Bjørklund, for Ne-Yo's second studio album Because of You. It was released to radio as the fourth single on December 4, 2007. It peaked at number 27 on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, giving Ne-Yo his tenth top forty hit on the chart. Also, to date, it has peaked at number 96 on the Billboard Hot 100.

New York rapper Papoose, freestyled over this song in memory of Sean Bell entitled, "We Shall Overcome".

Espionage (production team)
Espionage is a New York–based Norwegian songwriting and music production team consisting of Espen Lind and Amund Bjørklund. It is signed to Stellar Songs and EMI Music Publishing (now part of Sony Music Publishing). Their breakthrough came in 2006 as co-writers of Beyoncé's worldwide smash "Irreplaceable", which was number 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for 10 consecutive weeks and the best selling single in the US in 2007. They are probably best known as the producers and cowriters behind several of Train's major hits after 2009, including  "Drive By" and their comeback single "Hey, Soul Sister", which is among the 20 highest selling singles of all time in the US. Espionage has received numerous BMI Awards.
WNIK-FM
WNIK-FM (106.5 FM)  branded on-air as Super K 106, is a radio station broadcasting a Top 40/CHR format. Licensed to Arecibo, Puerto Rico, it serves the northern Puerto Rico area.  The station is currently owned by Kelly Broadcasting System Corporation.

Arecibo, Puerto Rico
Arecibo (/ˌærəˈsiːboʊ/; Spanish pronunciation: [aɾeˈsiβo]) is a city and municipality on the northern coast of Puerto Rico, on the shores of the Atlantic Ocean, located north of Utuado and Ciales; east of Hatillo; and west of Barceloneta and Florida. It is about 50 miles (80 km) west of San Juan, the capital city. Arecibo is the largest municipality in Puerto Rico by area, and it is the core city of the Arecibo Metropolitan Statistical Area and part of the greater San Juan–Bayamón, PR Combined Statistical Area. It is spread over 18 barrios and Arecibo Pueblo (the downtown area and the administrative center of the city). Its population in 2020 was 87,754.

The Arecibo Observatory, which housed the Arecibo Telescope, the world's largest radio telescope until July 2016, is located in the municipality. The Arecibo telescope collapsed on December 1, 2020. Arecibo is the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Arecibo.
Night buses in London
The London Night Bus network is a series of night bus routes that serve Greater London. Services broadly operate between the hours of 23:00 and 06:00.

Many services commence from or operate via Trafalgar Square and are extensions or variations of daytime routes and hence derive their number from these; for example, route N73 from Oxford Circus to Walthamstow Central follows that of route 73 as far as Stoke Newington, before continuing further north.

Elephant & Castle railway station
Elephant & Castle railway station is a National Rail station in Newington, south London. Along with the London Underground station of the same name, it is located in the London Borough of Southwark and is in both London fare zone 1 and 2. The station is managed by Thameslink, with services operated by both Thameslink and Southeastern. There is out-of-station interchange with the nearby Elephant & Castle tube station.
Leśna, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Leśna [ˈlɛɕna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bodzentyn, within Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) north-west of Bodzentyn and 23 km (14 mi) north-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Gmina Bodzentyn
Gmina Bodzentyn is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kielce County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Bodzentyn, which lies approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi) east of the regional capital Kielce.

The gmina covers an area of 160.32 square kilometres (61.9 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 11,677, of which the population of Bodzentyn is 2,241, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 9,436.

It is known for a unique version of kapusta that includes sheep intestine and kohlrabi.
The gmina contains part of the protected area called Sieradowice Landscape Park.