hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Theoretical Population Biology
Theoretical Population Biology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on theoretical aspects population biology in its widest sense, including mathematical modelling of populations, ecology, evolution, genetics, demography, and epidemiology. The editor-in-chief is Jeremy Van Cleve (University of Kentucky), who succeeded Noah A. Rosenberg in January 2025. Rosenberg succeeded the founding editor Marcus Feldman (Stanford University) in January 2013.

Population biology
The term population biology has been used with different meanings.

In 1971, Edward O. Wilson et al. used the term in the sense of applying mathematical models to population genetics, community ecology, and population dynamics. Alan Hastings used the term in 1997 as the title of his book on the mathematics used in population dynamics. The name was also used for a course given at UC Davis in the late 2010s, which describes it as an interdisciplinary field combining the areas of ecology and evolutionary biology. The course includes mathematics, statistics, ecology, genetics, and systematics. Numerous types of organisms are studied.

The journal Theoretical Population Biology is published.
Peter van Diest
Peter van Diest (Latinised as Petrus Diesthemius) was a medieval writer from the Low Countries. The late-15th-century morality play Elckerlijc is attributed to him.

Elckerlijc, which was translated into English to become the famous Everyman, has come down to us in manuscripts that fail to mention the play's author. A 1539 Latin translation by Georgius Macropedius, however, states that its original author is one Petrus Diesthemius ('Peter of Diest'). Little else is known of this writer; he has been identified with the Carthusian monk Petrus Dorlandus (1454–1507), who lived in Diest (in present-day Belgium) and wrote lives of the saints. This identification and the writer's existence, however, is controversial among philologists.

Diest
Diest (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdist] ⓘ) is a city and municipality located in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant. Situated in the northeast of the Hageland region, Diest neighbours the provinces of Antwerp to its North, and Limburg to the East and is situated around 60 km from Brussels. The municipality comprises the city of Diest proper and the towns of Deurne, Kaggevinne, Molenstede, Schaffen and Webbekom. As of January 1, 2006, Diest had a total population of 22,845. The total area is 58.20 km2 which gives a population density of 393 inhabitants per km2.
Rožca
Rožca (in older sources also Rožčica; German: Rosenbachsattel) is a grassy high-elevation mountain pass over the western Karawanks. The saddle is located between Hrušica Peak (Slovene: Hruški vrh) and Mount Klek, and straddles the border between Slovenia and Austria, above the town of Jesenice. Its slopes serve as sheep pastures.

Jesenice
Jesenice (Slovene: [jɛsɛˈnìːtsɛ] ⓘ, German: Aßling) is the tenth-largest town in Slovenia, located in the traditional province of Upper Carniola. It is the seat of the Municipality of Jesenice spanning the southern side of the Karawanks, along Slovenia's border with Austria to the north. Renowned as a  mining town, its ironworks and metallurgy industries being the driving force of the town's historical development.
The Virginia EP
The Virginia EP is an EP and compilation album by American indie rock band The National, released on May 20, 2008 on Beggars Banquet Records. The release includes B-sides, demo recordings and live recordings relating to the band's fourth studio album, Boxer (2007). The CD version of the release includes a DVD featuring the documentary film A Skin, A Night by filmmaker Vincent Moon.  A vinyl edition of The Virginia EP was issued in January, 2013.

A Skin, A Night
A Skin, A Night is a 2008 documentary film featuring the American indie rock band The National. The film is directed by Vincent Moon, and was released simultaneously with the band's compilation The Virginia EP on May 20, 2008.

The film documents the recording process of the band's fourth studio album, Boxer (2007).
Achonry
Achonry (/æˈkɔːnriː/; Irish: Achadh Conaire, meaning 'Conaire's field') is a village in County Sligo, Ireland. Achonry village is in a townland and civil parish of the same name. The title, Bishop of Achonry, takes its name from the village, and has been used by bishoprics in both the Roman Catholic Church and Church of Ireland.

The area's old Irish name is Achad Cain Conairi. St. Nath Í ua hEadhra (O'Hara) founded a monastery here. The foundation gave the later Diocese of Achonry its name. The monastery was founded on land granted by the Clan Conaire. Nath Í was the teacher of St. Féichín of Ballysadare. The diocese was co-extensive with the barony of Leyney (Luighne).

St. Crumnathy's Cathedral, within the parish, is a former Church of Ireland cathedral that was deconsecrated in 1998.

Leyny
Leyny (Irish: Luíne), also Leyney, is a barony in County Sligo, Ireland. It corresponds to the ancient túath of Luíghne. Leyny consists of these civil parishes: Achonry, Ballysadare, Kilvarnet, Killoran and Kilmacteige.
Dennis Cowals
Dennis A. Cowals (12 May 1945 – 22 October 2004) was an American photojournalist and publisher who contributed many photos to the United States Environmental Protection Agency sponsored DOCUMERICA project.

Documerica
Documerica (portmanteau of "document" and "America"; stylized as DOCUMERICA) was a program sponsored by the United States Environmental Protection Agency to "photographically document subjects of environmental concern" in the United States from about 1972 to 1977. The collection, now at the National Archives, contains over 22,000 photographs, more than 15,000 of which are available online.
Calvin Pearl Titus
Calvin Pearl Titus (September 22, 1879 – May 27, 1966) was a soldier of the United States Army and the last American standard-bearer. He received the Medal of Honor for his actions during the Battle of Peking of the Boxer Rebellion. He is known for saying "I'll try, Sir!" before scaling the walls of Peking.

Battle of Peking (1900)
The Battle of Peking (Chinese: 北京之戰), or historically the Relief of Peking (Chinese: 北京解圍戰), was the battle fought on 14–15 August 1900 in Beijing, in which the Eight-Nation Alliance relieved the siege of the Peking Legation Quarter during the Boxer Rebellion. From 20 June 1900, Boxers and Imperial Chinese Army troops had besieged foreign diplomats, citizens and soldiers within the legations of Austria-Hungary, Belgium, Britain, France, Italy, The German Empire, Japan, Netherlands, The Russian Empire, Spain and the United States.
IFK Lidingö
IFK Lidingö is a Swedish sports club, part of the IFK system, based on the island of Lidingö outside Stockholm. Although the club takes part in numerous sports, it is most famous for its football, athletics and orienteering sections. The football team are called IFK Lidingö FK.

The club was founded in 1932 and in 1985 it became an alliance club with independent sections. It currently has 400 members, most of them under around 15 years of age. The club arranges Lidingöloppet, which attracts nationwide attention.

Lidingö
Lidingö (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈlîːdɪŋˌøː]), also known in its definite form Lidingön and as Lidingölandet, is an island in the inner Stockholm archipelago, northeast of Stockholm, Sweden. In 2023, the population of the Lidingö urban area on the island was 48,162. It is the seat of government of the Lidingö Municipality, Stockholm County.

Lidingö's qualities have attracted affluent residents such as Björn Ulvaeus, Agnetha Fältskog, Anni-Frid Lyngstad and Benny Andersson of ABBA. Exclusive regions include the coastal region between Mölna and the east tip of the island, Gåshaga, as well as the east tip of the northern part of the horse shoe, called Elfvik. Notwithstanding the fact that many middle-class Swedes have moved to the island, (due to rental apartment construction projects), the inhabitants of the municipality remains the third wealthiest in Sweden after Danderyd and Täby.
Shrine of Taharqa
The Shrine of Taharqa is an Egyptian shrine commissioned by the pharaoh Taharqa in the early part of the 7th century BC. It was located in Kawa, which falls within the borders of present day Sudan, but since 1936 has been kept in the Ashmolean Museum in Oxford, England.

Ashmolean Museum
The Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology (/æʃˈmoʊliən, ˌæʃməˈliːən/) on Beaumont Street in Oxford, England, is Britain's first public museum. Its first building was erected in 1678–1683 to house the cabinet of curiosities that Elias Ashmole gave to the University of Oxford in 1677. It is also the world's second university museum, after the establishment of the Kunstmuseum Basel in 1661 by the University of Basel.

The present building was built between 1841 and 1845. The museum reopened in 2009 after a major redevelopment, and in November 2011, new galleries focusing on Egypt and Nubia were unveiled. In May 2016, the museum redisplayed galleries of 19th-century art.
Coats Bend, Alabama
Coats Bend is a census-designated place in Etowah County, Alabama, United States. Its population was 1,394 as of the 2010 census.  A post office was established in 1878 and was in operation until 1903.

Etowah County, Alabama
Etowah County is a county located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Alabama. As of the 2020 census the population was 103,436. Its county seat is Gadsden. Its name is from a Cherokee word meaning 'edible tree'. In total area, it is the smallest county in Alabama, albeit one of the most densely populated.
Etowah County comprises the Gadsden Metropolitan Statistical Area.
I Want a Dog (film)
I Want a Dog is a 2003 animated short film, based on 1987 children's book of the same title by Dayal Kaur Khalsa. it is directed by Sheldon Cohen, is produced by Marcy Page and David Verrall. It was starring Marnie McPhail.It tells the story of a girl named May who wants more than anything to have a dog. She tries various strategies to get her parents to allow her one, at last settles for having a rollerskate which she treats like a dog, and in the end wins her desire.

The film has garnered 10 international awards, including First Prize from the Chicago International Children's Film Festival.
and the Zagreb World Festival of Animated Films.

Dayal Kaur Khalsa
Dayal Kaur Khalsa (April 17, 1943 – July 17, 1989) was the American-born author and illustrator of numerous award-winning children's books.  She discovered her talent in Canada, where she had moved in 1970.  Over the span of four short years before her death at the age of 46, she managed to write and illustrate eight picture books, three of them published posthumously.
Penitente Canyon
Penitente Canyon is located in the San Luis Valley of Colorado, USA.  It was once a refuge for the Penitentes. The area, located on the lands of the Bureau of Land Management, offers rock climbing and a campground.

Penitentes (New Mexico)
Los Hermanos de la Fraternidad Piadosa de Nuestro Padre Jesús Nazareno (Spanish: 'The Brothers of the Pious Fraternity of Our Father Jesus the Nazarene'), also known as Los Penitentes, Los Hermanos, the Brotherhood of our Father Jesus of Nazareth and the Penitente Brotherhood, is a lay confraternity of Spanish-American Catholic men active in Northern and Central New Mexico and southern Colorado. They maintain religious meeting buildings, which are not formal capillas (or Church parishes, or churches), called moradas.
Pogódki-Wybudowanie
Pogódki-Wybudowanie [pɔˈɡutki vɨbudɔˈvaɲɛ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Skarszewy, within Starogard County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is located in the ethnocultural region of Kociewie in the historic region of Pomerania.

Gmina Skarszewy
Gmina Skarszewy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Starogard County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Skarszewy, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) north-west of Starogard Gdański and 36 km (22 mi) south of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 169.79 square kilometres (65.6 sq mi), and as of 2023 its total population is 14,412 (out of which the population of Skarszewy amounts to 6,468, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 7,944).
Nick Mike-Mayer
Nicholas Mike-Mayer (MICK-ə-myur; born March 1, 1950) is an American former professional football player who was a kicker in the National Football League (NFL) from 1973 to 1982 for the Atlanta Falcons, Philadelphia Eagles, and the Buffalo Bills. He made the Pro Bowl in his rookie year. He later played with the San Antonio Gunslingers of the United States Football League (USFL).  His brother Steve Mike-Mayer also played in the NFL.  Mike-Mayer would later go on to play in the Arena Football League (AFL) for the Chicago Bruisers and Los Angeles Cobras, earning All-Arena honors in 1987.

Chicago Bruisers
The Chicago Bruisers were a professional arena football team based in Rosemont, Illinois. They were founded in 1987 as a charter member of the Arena Football League (AFL). They played their home games at Rosemont Horizon.
Bernard Wakefield
Bernard Wakefield (c. 1883 – September 29, 1967) was a British-American executive who co-founded the real estate firm Cushman & Wakefield in 1917 alongside J. Clydesdale Cushman, who later became his brother-in-law. Born in Northamptonshire, England, he moved to the United States in 1910 and died at his home in Upper Montclair, New Jersey, at the age of 84.

Upper Montclair, New Jersey
Upper Montclair is a census-designated place (CDP), unincorporated community and neighborhood within Montclair in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2010 United States census, the population for the CDP was 11,565. The area is served as United States Postal Service ZIP Code 07043. It is often misperceived, even by Montclair residents, to be a separate municipality from Montclair, perhaps aided by this postal designation.
Play (play)
Play is a one-act play by Samuel Beckett. It was written between 1962 and 1963 and first produced in German as Spiel on 14 June 1963 at the Ulmer Theatre in Ulm-Donau, Germany, directed by Deryk Mendel, with Nancy Illig (W1), Sigfrid Pfeiffer (W2) and Gerhard Winter (M). The first performance in English was on 7 April 1964 at the Old Vic in London. It was not well-received upon its British premiere.

Billie Whitelaw
Billie Honor Whitelaw (6 June 1932 – 21 December 2014) was an English actress. She worked in close collaboration with Irish playwright Samuel Beckett for 25 years and was regarded as one of the foremost interpreters of his works. She was also known for her portrayal of Mrs Baylock, the demonic nanny in the 1976 horror film The Omen.

Whitelaw was nominated for three Television BAFTAs, winning two, in 1961 and 1973. She was also nominated for four Film BAFTAs, winning the Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for both Charlie Bubbles and Twisted Nerve in 1969.
Gesso
Gesso (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdʒɛsso]; 'chalk', from the Latin: gypsum, from Greek: γύψος), also known as "glue gesso" or "Italian gesso", is a white paint mixture used to coat rigid surfaces such as wooden painting panels or masonite as a permanent absorbent primer substrate for painting. It consists of a binder mixed with chalk, gypsum, pigment, or any combination of these.

Gesso is used in painting as a preparation for any number of substrates such as wood panels, canvas and sculpture as a base for paint and other materials that are applied over it.

Primer (paint)
A primer (/ˈpraɪmər/) or undercoat is a preparatory coating put on materials before painting.  Priming ensures better adhesion of paint to the surface, increases paint durability, and provides additional protection for the material being painted.
Beidahu, Jilin
Beidahu ski area (北大湖) is a downhill ski resort located outside of Jilin City in Jilin province, China.

It is the site of the 2007 Winter Asian Games in freestyle skiing, cross-country skiing, alpine skiing, snowboarding, and biathlon. In 2016, Beidahu joined forces with the Songhua Lake ski resort to jointly organize the 2016–17 ski season.

2007 Asian Winter Games
The 6th Asian Winter Games (第六届亚洲冬季运动会), also known as Changchun 2007 (长春2007), were held in Changchun, Jilin, China from January 28 to February 4, 2007. The Winter Games are a celebration of Winter sports in Asia. This was the second time that China hosted the Asian Winter Games; the first was in Harbin, Heilongjiang in 1996.
Via Traiana
The Via Traiana was an ancient Roman road. It was built by the emperor Trajan as an extension of the Via Appia from Beneventum, reaching Brundisium (Brindisi) by a shorter route (i.e. via Canusium, Butuntum and Barium rather than via Tarentum). This was commemorated by an arch at Beneventum.

Along with the Via Appia proper, since 2024 the Via [Appia] Traiana entered UNESCO World Heritage List under the comprehensive name of Via Appia Regina Viarum.

Bitonto
Bitonto (Italian: [biˈtonto]; Bitontino: Vetònde) is a comune in the Metropolitan City of Bari, in the Italian region of Apulia. It lies to the west of Bari. It is nicknamed the "City of Olives", due to the numerous olive groves surrounding the city.
Benjamin Prichard's Tennessee Whiskey
Benjamin Prichard's Tennessee Whiskey is a brand of Tennessee whiskey produced in the small community of Kelso, Tennessee in the United States. Although it is produced by one of only two distilleries operating in Lincoln County – and its unaged variation is named Lincoln County Lightning – Prichard's is not produced using the Lincoln County Process. Under a special grandfathering exemption under a Tennessee law enacted in 2013, the Prichard's distillery in Kelso is the only producer allowed to label its product as "Tennessee Whiskey" without using this process. Prichard's whiskey is produced entirely using pot stills rather than column stills.

The Prichard's Distillery company opened the Kelso distillery in 1997 and opened a second location in Nashville, Tennessee, in 2014.

Kelso, Tennessee
Kelso is an unincorporated community in Lincoln County, Tennessee, United States. Kelso is located along U.S. Route 64 6 miles (9.7 km) east-southeast of Fayetteville. Kelso has a post office with ZIP code 37348.  The community is home to the original Benjamin Prichard's distillery.
Kurt Jarasinski
Kurt Jarasinski (6 November 1938 in Elpersbüttel – 27 October 2005 in Langerwehe) was a German equestrian and Olympic champion. He won a gold medal in show jumping with the German team at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo.

Langerwehe
Langerwehe (German pronunciation: [ˈlaŋɐveːə]) is a municipality in the district of Düren in the state of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is located approximately 10 km west of Düren and 6 km East of Eschweiler.
Roses of Picardy (film)
Roses of Picardy is a 1927 British silent war film directed by Maurice Elvey and starring Lillian Hall-Davis, John Stuart and Humberston Wright. The title is a reference to the popular First World War song Roses of Picardy. It was based on the novels The Spanish Farm (1924) Sixty-Four, Ninety-Four (1925) by R.H. Mottram. It was made at the Cricklewood Studios in London.

Ralph Hale Mottram
Ralph Hale Mottram FRSL (30 October 1883 – 16 April 1971) was an English writer. A lifelong resident of Norfolk, he was well known as a novelist, in particular for his "Spanish Farm trilogy", and as a poet of World War I.
Primitive achondrite
Primitive achondrites are a subdivision of meteorites. They are classified on the same rank (historically called "Class") and lying between chondrites and achondrites. They are called primitive because they are achondrites that have retained much of their original chondritic properties. Very characteristic are relic chondrules and chemical compositions close to the composition of chondrites. These observations are explained as melt residues, partial melting, or extensive recrystallization.

Meteorite classification
In meteoritics, a meteorite classification system attempts to group similar meteorites and allows scientists to communicate with a standardized terminology when discussing them. Meteorites are classified according to a variety of characteristics, especially mineralogical, petrological, chemical, and isotopic properties.
École Polyvalente Deux-Montagnes
École Polyvalente Deux-Montagnes (PDM) is a Francophone secondary school in Deux-Montagnes, Quebec, Canada. It is a part of the Commission scolaire de la Seigneurie-des-Mille-Îles (CSSMI).

With a little over 2,000 students, PDM is one of the largest comprehensive ("polyvalente") high schools in Quebec. PDM offers four academic programs: the international program (PEI), the regular program, the football program, and the specialized program. Polyvalente Deux-Montagnes was founded in 1966 and is well known for its successful basketball, badminton, volleyball, and most notably its football program ("Les Centurions") and his improvisation team ("Les Verts"). During the 1966/67 school year it was also known as Two Mountains Regional High School with English students from as far away as Oka and Laval Ouest. French students were also in the same school during the 1966/67 school year.

PDM serves students from Deux-Montagnes, Pointe-Calumet,Sainte-Marthe-sur-le-lac, and Saint-Eustache.

Sainte-Marthe-sur-le-Lac
Sainte-Marthe-sur-le-Lac (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t maʁt syʁ lə lak], lit. 'Sainte-Marthe on the Lake') is an off-island suburb of Montreal, in the Canadian province of Quebec, in the Deux-Montagnes Regional County Municipality, 40 kilometres (25 mi) from Montreal. It is crossed from east to west by Route 344, commonly known as Oka Road. The town shares its borders with Deux-Montagnes to the east, Saint-Joseph-du-Lac to the west, the Lake of Two Mountains to the south, and Saint-Eustache to the north.

It shares police, firefighters, waterworks, and other services with the city of Deux-Montagnes.

It was formerly known as a rural town in which most of its inhabitants were seasonal vacationers, but it is increasingly lived in year-round.
D'Estaville
d'Estaville, also spelled D'Estaville, is a large bluestone Italianate-style heritage-listed house located at 7 Barry Street in the Melbourne suburb of Kew, Victoria, Australia. Designed by architects Knight & Kerr for politician and long term Chief Justice of Victoria, Sir William Foster Stawell, d’Estaville was completed in 1859. d’Estaville is a fine and unusual example of the Italianate style, and the only residential work of Knight & Kerr, designers of the Victorian Parliament House.

In 1888, with failing health, Stawell subdivided and sold land from the 13-hectare (32-acre) property then known as the d'Estaville Estate along Princess Street, and a land company subdivided the remainder of the estate, which failed to sell, so the house and the steeply sloping land to the river stayed with the family until subdivided and sold in 1904.

Knight & Kerr
Knight & Kerr was a business partnership established in the 1850s between John George Knight and Peter Kerr. Their practice was important in the development of Melbourne as a city during the boom period led by the gold rush, providing the rapidly expanding state capital with many works of cultural and political significance. They were architects appointed with the responsibility for the design of noted public buildings in Melbourne, Australia; their most well known design being the Parliament House of Victoria. John Knight and Peter Kerr were also both members of The Royal British Institute of Architects.
D. W. Washburn
"D. W. Washburn" is a song written by Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller, recorded by both the Coasters and the Monkees. It was also included in the musical Smokey Joe's Cafe (revue).

The Monkees' version was a non-album single and a double-sided hit, backed with "It's Nice to Be with You" which was also a non-album single. The music was arranged and conducted by Shorty Rogers.

Shorty Rogers
Milton "Shorty" Rogers (born Milton Rajonsky; April 14, 1924 – November 7, 1994) was an American jazz musician, one of the principal creators of West Coast jazz. He played trumpet and flugelhorn and was in demand for his skills as an arranger.