hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Compound option
A compound option or split-fee option is an option on an option. The exercise payoff of a compound option involves the value of another option. A compound option then has two expiration dates and two strike prices. Usually, compounded options are used for currency or fixed income markets where insecurity exists regarding the option's risk protection. Another common business application that compound options are used for is to hedge bids for business projects that may or may not be accepted. For related discussion on multi-stage real options –  and graphical representation –  see Datar–Mathews method for real option valuation.

Datar–Mathews method for real option valuation
The Datar–Mathews Method (DM Method) is a method for real options valuation. The method provides an easy way to determine the real option value of a project simply by using the average of positive outcomes for the project. The method can be understood as an extension of the net present value (NPV) multi-scenario Monte Carlo model with an adjustment for risk aversion and economic decision-making. The method uses information that arises naturally in a standard discounted cash flow (DCF), or NPV, project financial valuation. It was created in 2000 by Vinay Datar, professor at Seattle University; and Scott H. Mathews, Technical Fellow at The Boeing Company.
DeepL Translator
DeepL is a neural machine translation and agentic AI service that was launched in August 2017 and is owned by Cologne-based DeepL SE. Their flagship product, DeepL Translate, was first developed within Linguee and launched as entity DeepL. It initially offered translations between seven European languages and has since expanded to support 37 languages.

Its algorithm uses the transformer architecture. It offers a paid subscription for additional features and access to its translation application programming interface.

Neural machine translation
Neural machine translation (NMT) is an approach to machine translation that uses an artificial neural network to predict the likelihood of a sequence of words, typically modeling entire sentences in a single integrated model.

It is the dominant approach today: 293 : 1  and can produce translations that rival human translations when translating between high-resource languages under specific conditions. However, there still remain challenges, especially with languages that have less high-quality data available,: 293  and with domain shift between the data a system was trained on and the texts it is supposed to translate.: 293  NMT systems also tend to produce fairly literal translations.
Otter River State Forest
Otter River State Forest is a publicly owned forest and recreational preserve located in the towns of Templeton, Winchendon, and Royalston in Massachusetts managed by the Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation. The state forest encompasses the land surrounding the junction of the Otter and Millers rivers. Habitats include freshwater marsh, northern hardwood stands, and pine groves planted by the Civilian Conservation Corps to reforest former farmlands.

Templeton, Massachusetts
Templeton is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 8,149 at the 2020 census. The town comprises four main villages: Templeton Center, East Templeton, Baldwinville, and Otter River.
Rubery railway station
Rubery railway station was a railway station in Rubery, Birmingham, England, on the Great Western Railway and Midland Railway's joint Halesowen Railway line from Old Hill to Longbridge. 
The station closed in 1919 for regular services but workmen's trains continued until 1958. The station was the location of the only passing loop between Halesowen and Longbridge.

Halesowen Railway
The Halesowen Railway, also known as the Halesowen and Northfield Railway and the Halesowen Joint Railway, was a standard gauge railway in what is now the West Midlands of England.  It connected the Great Western Railway's branch from Old Hill to Halesowen (opened 1878) with the Midland Railway’s Birmingham to Gloucester line at Longbridge Junction (formerly known as Halesowen Junction) near the present Longbridge station. The term "Halesowen Railway" is sometimes applied to the whole line between Old Hill and Longbridge but, strictly, it applies only to the portion south of Halesowen.
Doug Bair
Charles Douglas Bair (born August 22, 1949) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played for 15 Major League Baseball (MLB) seasons — from 1976 to 1990 — for seven teams.

Bair attended Oakwood High School in Paulding County, Ohio, and played collegiately at Bowling Green State University.

Bowling Green Falcons baseball
The Bowling Green Falcons baseball team is a varsity athletic program at Bowling Green State University in Bowling Green, Ohio, The team plays in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division I level as a member of the Mid-American Conference. The Falcons have played in three NCAA Tournaments, going in 1972, 1999, and 2013. The program has 13 regular-season conference championships (7 NWOIAA, 6 MAC), six East Division championships, and three conference tournament championships. The most recent regular-season championship came in 2024.                                                                                                                                    The 1921 team was the first athletic team at the school to win a title, when they finished 6–1–2 in the Northwest Ohio League.
Zachary Hietala
Sakari "Zachary" Hietala (born August 10, 1962 in Tervo, Finland) is the guitarist, co-songwriter and founding member of Finnish heavy metal band Tarot (formerly Purgatory) in early 1980s, together with his younger brother Marko Hietala, who joined Nightwish in 2001. Zachary works as a youth instructor in his hometown, Kuopio, as well as teaching music theory to ninth and tenth grade students, and takes part in the management of the official Tarot website, responding to questions and comments made by fans on the forum.

Zachary Hietala plays guitar in Marenne, and is one of the composers in the band's debut album that was released in February 2009.

Tarot (band)
Tarot is a Finnish heavy metal band. They are most famous for being one of the earliest metal bands in Finland, and for the song "Wings of Darkness" from the 1986 album Spell of Iron. While having enjoyed a broad underground popularity in Finland, the band did not become notable elsewhere until gaining new success in recent years, when singer and bassist Marko Hietala was in the largely successful Nightwish for nearly two decades. With a more global audience, the band re-recorded Spell of Iron for its 25th anniversary.
Doug Ingle
Douglas Lloyd Ingle (September 9, 1945 – May 24, 2024) was an American musician, best known as the founder, organist, primary composer and lead vocalist for the band Iron Butterfly. He wrote the band's hit song "In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida", which was first released in 1968, and was the last surviving member of the band’s 1967–1969 lineup.

Metamorphosis (Iron Butterfly album)
Metamorphosis is the fourth studio album by Iron Butterfly, released on August 13, 1970. It reached number 16 on the US charts and number 31 in Canada. Mike Pinera and Larry "El Rhino" Reinhardt joined Iron Butterfly for this album in early 1970. It was the last studio album to feature original organist and vocalist Doug Ingle.

The album was recorded at American Recording studio and produced by Richard Podolor, engineered by Bill Cooper.

The single "Easy Rider" reached number 66 on the Billboard chart and number 48 in Canada, making it the band's biggest hit aside from "In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida". The album is noted for having one of the earliest uses of the talk box on a rock album, which Pinera used on "Butterfly Bleu."
University of New Mexico Hospital
The University of New Mexico Hospital (locally known as either University Hospital, UNM Hospital, or shortened to UNMH) is a public teaching hospital located in Albuquerque, New Mexico, immediately north of the main campus of the University of New Mexico. The hospital is New Mexico's only Level I trauma center, houses its only burn unit as well as its first comprehensive stroke center.  In addition, UNMH also contains the only children's hospital in New Mexico, and is the state's sole source of 13 pediatric sub-specialties.  As a safety net hospital, UNMH serves a large percentage of the uninsured and under-insured population of the state.  The hospital is the main teaching facility for the University of New Mexico School of Medicine.

University of New Mexico School of Medicine
The University of New Mexico School of Medicine (UNM School of Medicine) is a division of the University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center (UNM HSC) located in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The UNM School of Medicine is home to a variety of degree-granting programs, including the only MD program in the state.
Carter (film)
Carter (Korean: 카터) is a 2022 South Korean action thriller film directed by Jung Byung-gil, who co-wrote the film with Jung Byeong-sik. The film stars Joo Won, Lee Sung-jae, Jeong So-ri and Kim Bo-min.

Carter was released on August 5, 2022 by Netflix, where it received mixed to negative reviews from critics who praised the action sequences, cinematography and Joo Won's performance, but criticized its plot and screenwriting.

Jung Byung-gil
Jung Byung-gil (Korean: 정병길; born August 7, 1980) is a South Korean film director and screenwriter. Jung was trained at the Seoul Action School. He graduated from Chung-Ang University, majoring in film, before making his directorial debut with a documentary about stuntmen, Action Boys, in 2008. Jung gained international recognition
with the action thriller The Villainess, which premiered at the Cannes Film Festival in 2017.
Ron Parraguirre
Ronald David "Ron" Parraguirre (born July 8, 1959) is a justice of the Nevada Supreme Court. He is also a former president of the Nevada District Judges Association. He received his Juris Doctor from the University of San Diego School of Law.

He served as chief justice from January 4, 2016 to January 4, 2017. He began a new term as chief on January 5, 2022.

University of San Diego School of Law
The University of San Diego School of Law (USD Law) is the law school of the University of San Diego, a private Roman Catholic research university in San Diego, California. Founded in 1954, the law school has held ABA approval since 1961. It joined the Association of American Law Schools (AALS) in 1966.
Krymsk air base
Krymsk is an air base of the Russian Aerospace Forces as part of the 4th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, Southern Military District. The base is also known as the 6972nd Air Force Base is an airport located 4.8 kilometres (3.0 mi) to the north of Krymsk.

As of 2024 satellite imagery shows runway 04/22 extended to 3.00 km.

Krymsk
Krymsk (Russian: Крымск; Adyghe: Хьэтуехьэблэ, Ḥătueḥăblă; Greek: Κριμσκ) is a town in Krasnodar Krai, Russia. Population: 57,927 (2020),  57,382 (2010 census); 56,623 (2002 census); 50,893 (1989 Soviet census).
Kani Department
Kani Department is a department of Worodougou Region in Woroba District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 131,428, and its seat was the settlement of Kani. The department’s sub-prefectures are Djibrosso, Fadiadougou, Kani, and Morondo.

Departments of Ivory Coast
Departments of Ivory Coast (French: départements de Côte d'Ivoire) are currently the third-level administrative subdivision of the country. Each of the 31 second-level regions of Ivory Coast is divided into two or more departments. (The autonomous districts are containing departments, but have a specific status.) Each department is divided into two or more sub-prefectures. Since 2020, there are 111 departments of Ivory Coast.

Departments were first created in 1959. During their existence, they have been first-, second-, and third-level administrative subdivisions.
Central Coast AVA
Central Coast is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) that spans along the Central California Pacific coastline from the San Francisco Bay Area south through Monterey, San Luis Obispo and Santa Barbara Counties. It was established on October 24, 1985, as the nation's 83rd and the state's 47th appellation by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), Treasury after reviewing the petition submitted by Taylor California Cellars, a winery in Gonzales, California, to establish the "Central Coast" viticultural area. The boundaries of the Central Coast AVA, which have been expanded twice, include portions of six counties where approximately 100,000 acres (40,469 ha) cultivated with Chardonnay being more than half of the varietal. Within the multi-county AVA are numerous established appellations that share the same maritime climate produced by the Pacific Ocean.

American Viticultural Area
An American Viticultural Area (AVA) is a designated wine grape-growing region in the United States, providing an official appellation for the mutual benefit of wineries and consumers. Winemakers frequently want their consumers to know about the geographic pedigree of their wines, as wines from a particular area can possess distinctive characteristics. Consumers often seek out wines from specific AVAs, and certain wines of particular pedigrees can claim premium prices and loyal customers. If a wine is labeled with an AVA, at least 85% of the grapes that make up the wine must have been grown in the AVA, and the wine must be fully finished within the state where the AVA is located.
Morenci, Michigan
Morenci is a city in Lenawee County in the U.S. state of Michigan. Sharing a southern boundary with the state of Ohio, it is the southernmost city in the state of Michigan. The population was 2,270 at the 2020 census.

Lenawee County, Michigan
Lenawee County (/ˈlɛnəweɪ/ LEN-ə-way) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 99,423. The county seat is Adrian. The county was created in 1822, from territory partitioned from Monroe County. Its governing structure was organized in 1826.

Lenawee County comprises the Adrian, Michigan, micropolitan statistical area. It is served by the Toledo Media market. Lenawee County is home to the Potawatomi, Ottawa, Chippewa, Iroquois, Miami, Sauk, Fox, Mascoutens, and Huron tribes.
Westwood rim
The Westwood rim style of cycle rim used on bicycles was one of the original steel rim designs, developed during or before 1891 by Frederick Westwood of Birmingham. Bowden brakes and cables designed for use with this rim were introduced in 1896. Westwood rims have also been found ideal for use with drum brakes. They were last used on the roadster cycles found in Britain up to the 1980s and still common in South and East Asia and Africa and becoming common once again in Europe. Westwood rims have rounded sides, so they are not suitable for use with caliper brakes. Westwood rims features a wide single-wall cross section, the inside circumference of the rim has a contoured section shape to aid with strength.  Today Westwood profile rims found in the West are mostly used in drum brake system roadsters and, to a lesser degree, in bicycles with coaster brake systems.

Roadster (bicycle)
A roadster bicycle  is a type of utility bicycle once common worldwide, and still common in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and some parts of Europe. During the past few decades, traditionally styled roadster bicycles have regained popularity in the Western world, particularly as a lifestyle or fashion statement in an urban environment.
Victory Road (2020)
The 2020 Victory Road was a professional wrestling event produced by Impact Wrestling. The event took place on October 3, 2020 at the Skyway Studios in Nashville, Tennessee, and aired exclusively on Impact Plus. It was the 11th event in the Victory Road chronology.

Nine matches were contested at the event. In the main event, Eric Young successfully defended the Impact World Championship against Eddie Edwards. In other prominent matches, Deonna Purrazzo successfully defended the Impact Knockouts Championship against Susie, while Rohit Raju lost by count out against Willie Mack to retain the Impact X Division Championship.

Su Yung
Vannarah Riggs (born June 30, 1989) is an American professional wrestler best known for her time with Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) under the ring name Su Yung, with the character also having the alter egos of Susan and Susie. Riggs is a former two-time Impact Knockouts Champion.

She had previously worked in WWE, where she competed in its developmental territory Florida Championship Wrestling (FCW) under the ring name Sonia.
Ayaka Okuno
Ayaka Okuno (奥野 彩加, Okuno Ayaka; born 21 June 1995) is a Japanese former professional tennis player.

In her career, she won two singles titles and 13 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit. On 22 February 2016, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 263. On 10 April 2017, she peaked at No. 147 in the doubles rankings.

Okuno made her WTA Tour singles debut at the 2016 Taiwan Open, where she qualified for the main draw.

2016 Taiwan Open
The 2016 Taiwan Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and part of the WTA International category of the 2016 WTA Tour. It took place at the Yangming Tennis Center in Kaohsiung, Taiwan from 8 February through 14 February 2016. First-seeded Venus Williams won the singles title.
László Almásy
László Adolf Ede György Mária Almásy de Zsadány et Törökszentmiklós (Hungarian: zsadányi és törökszentmiklósi Almásy László Adolf Ede György Mária; pronounced [ˈɒlmaːʃi ˈlaːsloː ˈɛdɛ]; 22 August/3 November 1895 – 22 March 1951) was a Hungarian aristocrat, motorist, desert explorer, aviator, Scout-leader, and sportsman who served as the basis for the protagonist in both Michael Ondaatje's novel The English Patient (1992) and the movie adaptation of the same name (1996).

Libyan Desert
24°N 25°E﻿ / ﻿24°N 25°E﻿ / 24; 25

The Libyan Desert (not to be confused with the Libyan Sahara) is a geographical region filling the northeastern Sahara Desert, from eastern Libya to the Western Desert of Egypt and far northwestern Sudan approximately 1,300,000 km2. On medieval maps, its use predates today's Sahara, and parts of the Libyan Desert include the Sahara's most arid and least populated regions; this is chiefly what sets the Libyan Desert apart from the greater Sahara. The consequent absence of grazing, and near absence of waterholes or wells needed to sustain camel caravans, prevented Trans-Saharan trade between Kharga (the Darb al Arbein) close to the Nile, and Murzuk in the Libyan Fezzan. This obscurity saw the region overlooked by early European explorers, and it was not until the early 20th century and the advent of the motor car before the Libyan Desert started to be fully explored.
Chittenden Memorial Bridge
The Chittenden Memorial Bridge is a 120 feet (37 m) concrete and steel arch bridge across the Yellowstone River just upstream from the Upper Yellowstone Falls in Yellowstone National Park. First constructed in 1903 as a Melan arch bridge by park engineer Captain Hiram M. Chittenden of the US Army Corps of Engineers, the bridge was known as Chittenden Bridge from 1912 until 1963, when it was replaced with the current structure. This bridge provides road access from the Grand Loop Road to the secondary road on the south rim of the Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone that allows visitors to see the upper and lower Yellowstone Falls from the south rim.

Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone
The Grand Canyon of the Yellowstone is the first large canyon  on the Yellowstone River downstream from Yellowstone Falls in Yellowstone National Park in Wyoming. The canyon is approximately 24 miles (39 km) long, between 800 and 1,200 ft (240 and 370 m) deep and from 0.25 to 0.75 mi (0.40 to 1.21 km) wide.
OLIN
OLIN, which is legally known as Olin Partnership Limited, is an international landscape architecture, comprehensive planning, and urban design firm founded in Philadelphia in 1976 by Laurie Olin and Robert Hanna. Olin’s staff is composed of landscape architects, architects, project managers, and urban planners. The firm is led by fourteen partners: Laurie Olin, Lucinda Sanders, Dennis McGlade, Susan Weiler, Hallie Boyce, Richard Newton, Skip Graffam, Chris Hanley, Tiffany Beamer, Richard Roark, Jessica Henson, Trevor Lee, Marni Burns and Michael Miller. The current logo typically is represented in all caps. Olin is most recognized for designs such as Bryant Park in New York City, the Washington Monument Grounds in Washington, D.C., the J. Paul Getty Center in Los Angeles, 16th Street Mall in Denver, Colorado, and Columbus Circle in Manhattan.

Lucinda Sanders
Lucinda Sanders is CEO and partner at OLIN, a landscape architecture firm. She has had a leading role in many of OLIN's most recognized projects, and she shapes OLIN's goals of design and sustainability.
Campanile giganteum
†Campanile giganteum is a species of exceptionally large fossil sea snail, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Campanilidae. This species dates from the Eocene epoch around 40-50 million years ago. With a shell length of 40 to 90 cm (16 to 35 in) or even more than 120 cm (47 in) this is considered to be one of the largest (lengthwise) species of shelled gastropod that ever lived. It is found mostly in the Paris Basin, France.

Largest prehistoric animals
The largest prehistoric animals include both vertebrate and invertebrate species. Many of them are described below, along with their typical range of size (for the general dates of extinction, see the link to each). Many species mentioned might not actually be the largest representative of their clade due to the incompleteness of the fossil record and many of the sizes given are merely estimates since no complete specimen have been found. Their body mass, especially, is largely conjecture because soft tissue was rarely fossilized. Generally, the size of extinct species was subject to energetic and biomechanical constraints.
Pitheciidae
The Pitheciidae (/pɪθɪˈsaɪ.ɪdiː/) are one of the five families of New World monkeys now recognised. Formerly, they were included in the family Atelidae. The family includes the titis, saki monkeys and uakaris. Most species are native to the Amazon region of Brazil, with some being found from Colombia in the north to Bolivia in the south.

Homunculus (genus)
Homunculus (Latin: [hɔˈmʊŋkʊlʊs]; "little person") is an extinct genus of New World monkey that lived in Patagonia during the Miocene. Two species are known: Homunculus patagonicus and Homunculus vizcainoi, which are known from material found in the Santa Cruz Formation in the far south of Argentina. Reaching a latitude of ~55°S at the time it lived, it is the southernmost non-human primate ever recorded.
Takahisa Zeze
Takahisa Zeze (瀬々敬久, Zeze Takahisa; born 24 May 1960) is a Japanese film director and screenwriter first known for his soft-core pornographic pink films of the 1990s. Along with fellow directors, Kazuhiro Sano, Toshiki Satō, and Hisayasu Sato, he is known as one of the "Four Heavenly Kings of Pink" (ピンク四天王, pinku shitennō). In recent years, he has directed such major commercial hits as 64: Part I, 64: Part II, and The 8-Year Engagement, while continuing to make independent art films like Heaven's Story and The Chrysanthemum and the Guillotine.

The 8-Year Engagement
The 8-Year Engagement (8年越しの花嫁 奇跡の実話, 8-nengoshi no Hanayome: Kiseki no Jitsuwa) is a 2017 Japanese film directed by Takahisa Zeze. It is based on an autobiographical book by Hisashi Nishozawa and Mai Nakahara.