hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Deception (1946 film)
Deception is a 1946 American film noir drama released by Warner Bros. Pictures and directed by Irving Rapper. The film is based on the 1927 play Monsieur Lamberthier by Louis Verneuil. The screenplay was written by John Collier and Joseph Than. It stars Bette Davis, Paul Henreid, and Claude Rains, who had also appeared together in the highly successful Now, Voyager (1942), which was also directed by Rapper.

John Collier (fiction writer)
John Henry Noyes Collier (3 May 1901 – 6 April 1980) was a British-born writer and screenwriter best known for his short stories, many of which appeared in The New Yorker from the 1930s to the '50s. Many were collected in The John Collier Reader (Knopf, 1972); earlier collections include a 1951 volume, Fancies and Goodnights, which won the International Fantasy Award and remains in print. Individual stories are frequently anthologized in fantasy collections. John Collier's writing has been praised by authors such as Anthony Burgess, Ray Bradbury, Roald Dahl, Neil Gaiman, Michael Chabon, Wyndham Lewis, and Paul Theroux. He appears to have given few interviews in his life; those include conversations with biographer Betty Richardson, Tom Milne, and Max Wilk.
Zhao Bing
Zhao Bing (12 February 1272 – 19 March 1279), also known as Emperor Bing of Song or Bing, Emperor of Song (宋帝昺), was the 18th and last emperor of the Song dynasty of China, who ruled as a minor between 6 and 7 years of age.

He was also the ninth and last emperor of the Southern Song dynasty. He reigned for around 313 days in 1278 and 1279.  His reign, and the Song dynasty, ended with the Song's total defeat by the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty at the naval Battle of Yamen.

Zhao Bing and his entourage had been observing the naval combat from some coastal cliffs nearby.  As the victorious enemy approached, the young emperor's advisor, Lu Xiufu, held the boy in his arms as the two of them leapt from the clifftops, killing them both.

Minority reign
The terms minority reign and royal minority refer to the period of a sovereign's rule when he or she is legally a minor. Minority reigns are of their nature times when politicians and advisors can be especially competitive. Some scholars claim that, in Britain, primogeniture, the growth of conciliar government, and the emergence of the Parliament as a representative and administrative force all occurred within the context of the minority reigns.

Minority reigns also characterized a period in the Roman Empire from 367 to 455, the years that preceded the reign of Valentinian III, who also became emperor at the age of six. The succession of child-turned-adult emperors led to the so-called infantilization of the imperial office, which had taken hold during the long reign of Honorius, Valentinian's predecessor. Here, the imperial office operated within a severely curtailed system compared to its authority a century prior.
Sam Hogin
Samuel Harper Hogin (March 6, 1950 – August 9, 2004) was an American country music songwriter. Hogin was nominated for the Country Music Association's Song of the Year award in 1981 for "I Believe in You" (co-written with Roger Cook) and in 1998 for "A Broken Wing" (co-written with James House and Phil Barnhart).

Roger Cook (songwriter)
Roger Frederick Cook (born 19 August 1940) is an English singer, songwriter and record producer, who has written many hit records for other recording artists. He has also had a successful recording career in his own right.

He is best known for his collaborations with Roger Greenaway. Cook's co-compositions have included "You've Got Your Troubles", and the transatlantic million-selling songs, "I'd Like to Teach the World to Sing" and "Long Cool Woman in a Black Dress". They were the first UK songwriting partnership to win an Ivor Novello Award as 'Songwriters of the Year' over two successive years.

In 1997, Cook became the first British songwriter to enter the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame.
Colere
Colere (Bergamasque: Còler) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Bergamo in the Italian region of Lombardy, located about 90 kilometres (56 mi) northeast of Milan and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of Bergamo. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 1,147 and an area of 18.8 square kilometres (7.3 sq mi).

Colere borders the following municipalities: Angolo Terme, Azzone, Castione della Presolana, Rovetta, Vilminore di Scalve.

Province of Bergamo
The province of Bergamo (Italian: provincia di Bergamo; Bergamasque: proìnsa de Bèrghem) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Bergamo. The province has a population of 1,103,768 (2023), an area of 2,754.91 square kilometers (1,063.68 sq mi), and contains 242 comuni (municipalities).
Gulshan Kumar Mehta
Gulshan Kumar Mehta, popularly known by his pen name Gulshan Bawra (literally: "Gulshan The Mad") (12 April 1937 – 7 August 2009), was an Indian songwriter and actor in Hindi cinema. In a career spanning 42 years, he has to his credit about 240 songs, he collaborated with noted music directors like Kalyanji Anandji, Shankar Jaikishan, and R. D. Burman. He composed almost half of the songs in films like Khel Khel Mein (1975), Kasme Vaade (1978) and Satte Pe Satta (1982). Apart from R. D. Burman hits, he is most remembered for his songs like 'Mere Desh Ki Dharti" in Upkaar (1968) and "Yaari Hai Imaan Mera" in Zanjeer (1974), both of which got him the Filmfare Best Lyricist Award. The latter also topped the Binaca Geetmala annual list of 1973. As a character actor, he also appeared in a small number of Hindi films.

Indrajeet
Indrajeet is a 1991 Bollywood action film directed by K. V. Raju. The film stars Amitabh Bachchan, and Jaya Prada in lead roles, with Kumar Gaurav, Neelam, Saeed Jaffrey, Sadashiv Amrapurkar, and Kader Khan in supporting roles. The film was a remake of the director's own Kannada film Bandha Muktha (1987), starring Tiger Prabhakar.
Illinois Wesleyan University
Illinois Wesleyan University is a private liberal arts college in Bloomington, Illinois, United States. Founded in 1850, the central portion of the present campus was acquired in 1854 with the first building erected in 1856.

State Farm
State Farm Insurance is a group of mutual insurance companies throughout the United States with corporate headquarters in Bloomington, Illinois. Founded in 1922, it is the largest property, casualty and auto insurance provider in the United States.
The Born Loser
The Born Loser is a newspaper comic strip created by Art Sansom in 1965. His son, Chip Sansom, who started assisting on the strip in 1989, is the current artist. The strip is distributed by Newspaper Enterprise Association. The Sansoms won the 1987 National Cartoonists Society Humor Comic Strip Award and the 1990 Newspaper Comic Strip Award.

Chip Sansom
Arthur B. "Chip" Sansom III (born July 4, 1951) is an American comic strip cartoonist.

Sansom attended Kenyon College, where he was a member of Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity.  He graduated from Case Western Reserve University in Cleveland, Ohio with a double major in business and English.

In 1977, he started to assist his father Art Sansom on the comic strip The Born Loser, which began publication in 1965. He took over The Born Loser comic strip in 1991 after his father Art Sansom died in 1991.

In addition, Chip Sansom also worked on the comic strip "Dusty Chaps" with his father Art Sansom in 1982–1983.
The Fourth Zonal Exhibition of Leningrad artists of 1972
The Fourth Zonal Exhibition of Leningrad artists of 1972 dedicated to 50th Anniversary of USSR (Russian: "Четвёртая зональная выставка произведений ленинградских художников 1972 года, посвящённая 50-летию образования СССР") was opened on September 22, in the State Russian Museum as well as in Exhibition Halls of the Leningrad Union of Soviet Artists and become one of largest Art Exhibition of 1972 in the USSR.

Arseny Semionov
Arseny Nikiforovich Semionov (Russian: Арсе́ний Ники́форович Семе́нов; January 23, 1911 – September 13, 1992) was a Soviet painter and art teacher who lived and worked in Leningrad. He was a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists and is regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting. He is most famous for his landscape and cityscape paintings.
Leipzig Anger-Crottendorf station
Leipzig Anger-Crottendorf is a railway station in the city of Leipzig, Germany. The station was located on the Leipzig Hbf–Leipzig-Connewitz railway until its closure in November 2012. As part of City Tunnel network enhancements it was rebuilt thereafter a few meters east at the Leipzig-Engelsdorf–Leipzig-Stötteritz section of the Leipzig Freight Ring and reopened along with Leipzig City Tunnel on 15 December 2013. The station is served by the S-Bahn Mitteldeutschland since then, train services are operated by Deutsche Bahn.

Leipzig-Engelsdorf–Leipzig-Connewitz railway
The Leipzig-Engelsdorf–Leipzig-Connewitz railway is a double-track, electrified main line in the Leipzig area in the German state of Saxony. It was originally built as part of the Leipzig Freight Ring (Leipziger Güterring), but since December 2013 it has also been mainly used for the operations of the S-Bahn Mitteldeutschland. At the former Tabakmühle junction the line now transitions into the Tabakmühle junction–Leipzig Bayer Bf railway and the approximately 800 m-long section from Tabakmühle junction to the beginning of Leipzig-Connewitz station is closed.
Battle of Sangarará
The Battle of Sangarará was fought on November 18, 1780 in Sangarará, Viceroyalty of Peru, between rebel forces under Túpac Amaru II and Spanish colonial forces under Tiburcio Landa.  Túpac Amaru II's forces won decisively, and the battle was the first of the Rebellion of Túpac Amaru II.

Sangarará, Peru
Sangarará is a small village in Peru, located in the Cusco Region, and more specifically in the Sangarará District of the Acomayo Province.  Sangarará is located at 13° 57' 18 S, 71° 36' 10 W.

The village was the site of a significant victory for rebel forces under Túpac Amaru II in 1780 in the Battle of Sangarará.
Edward Turner Bennett
Edward Turner Bennett (6 January 1797 – 21 August 1836) was an English zoologist and writer. He was the elder brother of the botanist John Joseph Bennett.
Bennett was born at Hackney and practiced as a surgeon, but his chief pursuit was always zoology. In 1822, he attempted to establish an entomological society, which later became a zoological society in connection with the Linnean Society. This in turn became the starting point of the Zoological Society of London, of which Bennett was Secretary from 1831 to 1836.
His works included The Tower Menagerie (1829) and The Gardens and Menagerie of the Zoological Society (1831). He also wrote, in conjunction with George Tradescant Lay, the section on Fishes in the Zoology of Beechey's Voyage (1839).
In 1835, he described a new species of African crocodile, Mecistops leptorhynchus, the validity of which was confirmed in 2018.

Zoological Society of London
The Zoological Society of London (ZSL) is a charity and organization devoted to the worldwide conservation of animals and their habitats. It was founded in 1826. Since 1828, it has maintained London Zoo, and since 1931 Whipsnade Zoo.
27th Guldbagge Awards
The 27th Guldbagge Awards ceremony, presented by the Swedish Film Institute, honored the best Swedish films of 1991, and took place on 16 March 1992. Il Capitano: A Swedish Requiem directed by Jan Troell was presented with the award for Best Film.

Jan Troell
Jan Gustaf Troell (born 23 July 1931) is a Swedish filmmaker, screenwriter, author, and cinematographer. His realistic films, with a lyrical photography in which nature is prominent, have placed him in the first rank of modern Swedish film directors along with Ingmar Bergman and Bo Widerberg.
Randlett, Utah
Randlett is a census-designated place (CDP) in west-central Uintah County, Utah, United States. In the 2000 census its population was 224, a 21% decrease from the 1990 figure of 283. By the 2020 census, the population further decreased to 184, which was also a decrease from the 2010 census result of 220 in addition.

Randlett began as the site of a school for Ute children in 1892.

Uintah County, Utah
Uintah County (/juːˈɪntə/ yoo-IN-tə) is a county in the U.S. state of Utah. As of the 2020 United States census the population was 35,620. Its county seat and largest city is Vernal. The county was named for the portion of the Ute Indian tribe that lived in the basin.

Uintah County is the largest natural gas producer in Utah, with 272 billion cubic feet produced in 2008.

The Vernal, UT Micropolitan Statistical Area includes all of Uintah County.

Uintah County is home to one of the nine statewide regional campuses of Utah State University (located in the city of Vernal) and serves as a gateway to Dinosaur National Monument, contains the Red Fleet State Park, and the Uintah Mountain Range.
EIA 1956 resolution chart
The EIA 1956 Resolution Chart (until 1975 called RETMA Resolution Chart 1956) is a test card originally designed in 1956 to be used with black and white analogue TV systems, based on the previous (and very similar) RMA 1946 Resolution Chart. It consisted of a printed chart filmed by a TV camera or monoscope to be displayed on a TV screen, and was also available as individual rolls of test film to test broadcasting equipment. Inspecting the chart allowed to check for defects like ringing, geometric distortions, raster scan linearity, cathode-ray tube uniformity and lack of image resolution. If needed, a technician could use it to perform the necessary hardware adjustments.

Today, this chart continues to be used to measure image resolution of modern cameras and lenses and also in scientific research.

Electronic Industries Alliance
The Electronic Industries Alliance (EIA; until 1997 Electronic Industries Association) was an American standards and trade organization composed as an alliance of trade associations for electronics manufacturers in the United States. They developed standards to ensure the equipment of different manufacturers was compatible and interchangeable. The EIA ceased operations on February 11, 2011, but the former sectors continue to serve the constituencies of EIA.
Twenty20 Big Bash
The KFC Twenty20 Big Bash was a domestic Twenty20 cricket competition in Australia. The competition was organised by Cricket Australia, and sponsored by fast food chicken outlet KFC.

Running over six seasons from 2005–06 to 2010–11, the KFC Twenty20 Big Bash was the first top level domestic Twenty20 competition in Australia, contested by the six traditional Sheffield Shield state cricket teams. The competition was replaced by the franchise-based Big Bash League from 2011–12.

Victoria was the most successful team during the tournament's running, winning four out of the six titles.

2005–06 Twenty20 Big Bash
The 2005–06 KFC Twenty20 Big Bash was the inaugural season of the official Twenty20 domestic cricket competition in Australia. The six states were represented by six teams. The Queensland Bulls and the Tasmanian Tigers played in the first match, with no result being declared due to rain. The six teams were split into two groups of three, with Victoria finishing on top of Group A and New South Wales on top of Group B. It consisted of seven matches, including the final. The Victorian Bushrangers won the inaugural tournament, defeating the New South Wales Blues in the final at North Sydney Oval.
Battle rifle
A battle rifle is a service rifle chambered to fire a fully powered cartridge.

The term "battle rifle" is a retronym created largely out of a need to differentiate automatic rifles chambered for fully powered cartridges from automatic rifles chambered for intermediate cartridges, which were later categorized as assault rifles. Battle rifles were most prominent from the 1940s to the 1970s, when they were used as service rifles. While modern battle rifles largely resemble modern assault rifle designs, which replaced battle rifles in most roles, the term may also describe older military full-power semi-automatic rifles such as the M1 Garand, SVT-40, Gewehr 41, Gewehr 43, Type 4, FN Model 1949, and MAS-49.

Select fire
Select fire is the capability of a weapon to be adjusted to fire in semi-automatic, fully automatic, or burst mode. The modes are chosen by means of a fire selector switch, which varies depending on the weapon's design. Some select-fire weapons have burst fire mechanisms to limit the maximum number of shots fired automatically in this mode. The most common limits are two or three rounds per trigger pull. Fully automatic fire refers to the ability for a weapon to fire continuously until either the feeding mechanism is emptied or the trigger is released. Semi-automatic refers to the ability to fire one round per trigger pull.

The presence of select fire modes on firearms permits more efficient use of rounds to be fired for specific needs, versus having a single mode of operation, such as fully automatic, thereby conserving ammunition while maximizing on-target accuracy and effectiveness. This capability is most commonly found on military weapons of the 20th and 21st centuries.
Patently offensive
Patently offensive is a term used in United States law regarding obscenity under the First Amendment.

The phrase "patently offensive" first appeared in Roth v. United States, referring to any obscene acts or materials that are considered to be openly, plainly, or clearly visible as offensive to the viewing public. The Roth standard outlined what is to be considered obscene and thus not under First Amendment protection. The Roth standard was largely replaced by the Miller test established by Miller v. California (1973).

Obscenity
An obscenity is any utterance or act that strongly offends the prevalent morality of the time. It is derived from the Latin obscēnus, obscaenus, "boding ill; disgusting; indecent", of uncertain etymology. Generally, the term can be used to indicate strong moral repugnance and outrage in expressions such as "obscene profits" and "the obscenity of war". As a legal term, it usually refers to descriptions and depictions of people engaged in sexual and excretory activity.
Bulsara
Bulsara is an Indian (Parsi/Hindu) surname, similar to Balsara, which indicates ancestry from Bulsar (Valsad) in Gujarat. Notable people with this surname include.

Adi Bulsara (born 1951), Indian physicist

Barry George (also known as Barry Bulsara, born 1960), English murder suspect

Baol Bardot Bulsara, vocalist for TNT (Norwegian band)

Freddie Mercury (born Farrokh Bulsara, 1946–1991), British Indian musician born in Zanzibar

Ketan Ramanlal Bulsara, Indian-American neurosurgeon

Nina Bulsara, fictional character from Doctors (2000 TV series) played by Wendi Peters

Nirupa Roy (born Kokila Kishorechandra Bulsara, 1931–2004), Indian actress

Suni Bulsara, fictional character from Doctors (2000 TV series) played by Rahul Arya

Valsad
Valsad (pronounced [ˈʋəlsɑɽ]) is a town and municipality in the Valsad district of the Indian state of Gujarat. It is the district headquarters of Valsad district. Valsad is located north of Vapi and shares border with Maharashtra and the union territories of  Daman in the south.
Jean Kambanda
Jean Kambanda (born October 19, 1955) is a Hutu, Rwandan former politician who served as the Prime Minister of Rwanda in the caretaker government from the start of the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi. He is the only head of government to plead guilty to genocide, in the first group of such convictions since the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide came into effect in 1951.

Kambanda holds a degree in commercial engineering and began his career as a low-level United Popular BPR banker, rising as a technocrat to become the chair of the bank. At the time of the April 1994 crisis he was vice president of the Butare section of the opposition Republican Democratic Movement (MDR).

He was sworn in as prime minister on April 9, 1994 after the president Juvénal Habyarimana and prime minister Agathe Uwilingiyimana, were both assassinated. He remained in the post for the hundred days of the genocide until July 19, 1994. After leaving office he fled the country.

Caretaker government
A caretaker government, also known as a caretaker regime, is a temporary ad hoc government that performs some governmental duties and functions in a country until a regular government is elected or formed. Depending on specific practice, it consists of either randomly selected members of parliament or outgoing members until their dismissal.

Caretaker governments in representative democracies are usually limited in their function, serving only to maintain the status quo, rather than truly govern and propose new legislation. Unlike the government it is meant to temporarily replace, a caretaker government does not have a legitimate mandate (electoral approval) to exercise aforementioned functions.
Diala Barakat
Diala Barakat (Arabic: ديالا بركات; born 1980) is a former member of the cabinet of Syria. She assumed leadership of the ministry of culture in September 2024 until the fall of the Assad regime. She was the member of the Second Hussein Arnous government as Minister of State for Southern Development Affairs.

Second Hussein Arnous government
The second government of Hussein Arnous was formed after appointment by the President of Syria on 10 August 2021 and took the oath of office on 14 August 2021, after the presidential election held in May. This replaced the caretaker ministry formed in July. The government was the 95th since Syria gained independence from the Ottoman Empire in 1918 and it was the eighth during the presidency of Bashar al-Assad.
Pierzaki
Pierzaki [pjɛˈʐaki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Żytno, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Żytno, 29 km (18 mi) south-east of Radomsko, and 102 km (63 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Żytno
Gmina Żytno is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Żytno, which lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) south-east of Radomsko and 96 km (60 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 197.54 square kilometres (76.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,716.
Godkin Lectures
The Edwin L. Godkin Lecture is an annual lecture hosted by Harvard Kennedy School at Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.

The lecture series was founded in 1903 and named in honor of Edwin L. Godkin, the Irish-American journalist who founded The Nation. When Lord Bryce delivered the first Godkin Lecture in 1903, Harvard president Charles William Eliot gave the introduction and said, "These lectures upon government and civic duty are in remembrance of a man who gave his life to the public through the medium of the press . . . Mr. Godkin was a man of remarkable vigor and great candor, and unremitting devotion to lofty ideals of public duty." The Godkin Lectures have been delivered by Lord Bryce, Heinrich Brüning, C. P. Snow, Edward Heath, Walter Heller, McGeorge Bundy, John M. Deutch, Walter Lippmann, Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Nelson Rockefeller, Paul Samuelson, Derek Bok, and Clark Kerr, among others.

C. P. Snow
Charles Percy Snow, Baron Snow (15 October 1905 – 1 July 1980) was an English novelist and physical chemist who also served in several important positions in the British Civil Service and briefly in the UK government. He is best known for his series of novels known collectively as Strangers and Brothers, and for "The Two Cultures", a 1959 lecture in which he laments the gulf between scientists and "literary intellectuals".