hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gravisca
Gravisca (Cravsca in Etruscan and Graviscae Latin) was the port of the Etruscan city of Tarquinii, situated 8 km west of the city center.

The Etruscan settlement, occupied ca. sixth to third centuries BC, had four principal occupational phases from ca. 600 to 250 B.C. It was superseded by the establishment of a colonia of Roman citizenship at the site in 181 BC. The port functioned as an emporion and there is ample evidence for merchants and perhaps Greek artisans based at the site.
There was a Greek quarter at the city. The cults of numerous Greek gods, including Aphrodite, Hera, Demeter, and Apollo, are attested.

The port is mentioned by name in book 10, line 23 of the Aeneid.

Tarquinia
Tarquinia (Italian: [tarˈkwiːnja]), formerly known as Corneto, is an ancient city in the Province of Viterbo, Lazio, central Italy. It is renowned for its extensive Etruscan necropoleis, which contain some of the most important painted tombs of the ancient world. In recognition of its cultural significance, Tarquinia was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site as part of the Etruscan Necropolises of Cerveteri and Tarquinia.

The modern town was renamed in 1922 after the ancient city of Tarquinii (Latin) or Tarch(u)na (Etruscan). Although little remains above ground of the once-flourishing city, archaeological excavations continue to uncover important remnants of its Etruscan and Roman past.
Timofey Florinsky
Timofey Dmitrievich Florinsky (Russian: Тимофей Дмитриевич Флоринский), also Timofiej Fłorinski or Timofej Fllorinskij (28 October 1854 – 2 May 1919) was a Russian historian, specializing in the medieval history of South Slavs. He was a graduate of Saint Petersburg State University and was a supporter of Pan-Slavism. He was married and had three sons, including historian Mikhail Florinsky, and a daughter. One of his other sons was killed in a war, and the remaining son was exiled. He was executed in Kiev in 1919. Florinsky was ultimately interred in Askold's Grave, next to his eldest son, Sergei Timofeevich, who had died at the front in 1916.

His grandson, Igor Savitsky, was a painter.

Igor Savitsky
Igor Vitalyevich Savitsky (Russian: И́горь Вита́льевич Сави́цкий) (4 August 1915 in Kyiv, Russian Empire – 27 July 1984 in Moscow, Soviet Union) was a Ukrainian-born painter, archeologist and collector, especially of avant-garde art. He single-handedly founded the State Art Museum of the Republic of Karakalpakstan, named after I. V. Savitsky, an art museum based in Nukus, Uzbekistan.
Stealing Athena
Stealing Athena is a historical novel by Karen Essex, which chronicles the journey of the controversial Elgin Marbles or Parthenon Sculptures from their home atop the Acropolis in Athens to the present location, The British Museum.  The story is told in dual narratives from the points of view of Mary Nisbet, Countess of Elgin, who assisted her husband, British ambassador Lord Elgin, in removing the marbles, and Aspasia, mistress to Pericles, who witnessed the construction of the Parthenon.  Published by Doubleday, June 2008.

Mary Bruce, Countess of Elgin
Mary Hamilton Bruce, Countess of Elgin (née Nisbet; 18 April 1778 – 9 July 1855) was the first wife of British diplomat Thomas Bruce, 7th Earl of Elgin during his term as Ambassador Extraordinaire to the Ottoman Empire and one of the most influential and wealthiest heiresses of the late 18th and early 19th century.
Azm Palace (Hama)
35°8′2″N 36°45′13″E﻿ / ﻿35.13389°N 36.75361°E﻿ / 35.13389; 36.75361

The Azm Palace (Arabic: بيت العظم, Bayt al-ʿAẓm) is an 18th-century Ottoman-era palace in Hama, Syria at the center of the city on the banks of the Orontes River, about 400 meters (1,300 ft) south of the Hama Citadel. Ross Burns, author of Monuments of Syria (1999), reportedly considers the Azm Palace to be "one of the loveliest Ottoman residential buildings in Syria." The palace has been used as a regional archaeology museum since 1956.

Hama
Hama (Arabic: حَمَاة Ḥamāh, [ħaˈmaː]) is a city on the banks of the Orontes River in west-central Syria. It is located 213 kilometres (132 mi) north of Damascus and 46 km (29 mi) north of Homs. It is the provincial capital of the Hama Governorate, which is the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries. With a population of 996,000 (2023 census), Hama is one of the four largest cities in Syria, with Damascus, Aleppo and Homs. Hama is known for its cheese-making tradition, notably reflected in a signature local dessert Halawet el Jibn.

The city is renowned for its seventeen norias used for watering the gardens, which are claimed to date back to 1100 BC. Though historically used for irrigation, the norias are used purely for show today and currently serve no direct purpose, being used as a tourist attraction and a symbol of the city, also this city is popular in protest during the assad regime (ex: Yalla Erhal Ya Bashar (song)
Dunthorne (crater)
Dunthorne is a small lunar impact crater that is located to the northwest of the small lunar mare called Palus Epidemiarum, in the southwest part of the Moon's near side. It was named after British astronomer Richard Dunthorne. It lies to the southwest of the crater Campanus, east of Vitello. Due south is Ramsden.

This crater is roughly circular and bowl-shaped, with an interior that has a higher albedo than the surrounding terrain. It lies in a region that has a number of rille systems, with the Rimae Hippalus to the northwest, and the Rimae Ramsden to the south and east.

Richard Dunthorne
Richard Dunthorne (1711 – 3 March 1775) was an English astronomer and surveyor, who worked in Cambridge as astronomical and scientific assistant to Roger Long (master of Pembroke Hall and Lowndean Professor of Astronomy and Geometry), and also concurrently for many years as surveyor to the Bedford Level Corporation.
Eastcote
Eastcote is a suburban area in the London Borough of Hillingdon, in West London.

In the Middle Ages, Eastcote was one of the three areas that made up the parish of Ruislip, under the name of Ascot. The name came from its position to the east of the parish.

Eastcote housed an outstation of the Bletchley Park codebreaking activities during the Second World War, with several codebreaking computers in use. This operation became the precursor to GCHQ, which remained in Eastcote after the war until the department moved to purpose-built buildings in Cheltenham in 1952.

Lady Mary Bankes lived in Eastcote for a time, and led the defence of Corfe Castle in Dorset against the Roundheads during the English Civil War.

By the turn of the 20th century, the recorded population was around 600; this had reached 12,142 for the Eastcote and East Ruislip ward in 2007.

Part of Eastcote is in the Pinner postal district, despite being in Hillingdon rather than Harrow.

Bletchley Park
Bletchley Park is an English country house and estate in Bletchley, Milton Keynes (Buckinghamshire), that became the principal centre of Allied code-breaking during the Second World War. During World War II, the estate housed the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS), which regularly penetrated the secret communications of the Axis powers –  most importantly the German Enigma and Lorenz ciphers. The GC&CS team of codebreakers included John Tiltman, Dilwyn Knox, Alan Turing, Harry Golombek, Gordon Welchman, Hugh Alexander, Donald Michie, Bill Tutte and Stuart Milner-Barry.

The team at Bletchley Park, 75% women, devised automatic machinery to help with decryption, culminating in the development of Colossus, the world's first programmable digital electronic computer. Codebreaking operations at Bletchley Park ended in 1946 and all information about the wartime operations was classified until the mid-1970s. After the war it had various uses and now houses the Bletchley Park museum.
The Sign (Ace of Base album)
The Sign is a 1993 album by Swedish pop group Ace of Base, released as the band's debut album in North America and some Latin American countries by Arista Records. The Sign contains songs from Ace of Base's debut album, Happy Nation (1992) and the new songs "Don't Turn Around", "The Sign", and "Living in Danger" as well as revised versions of "Voulez-Vous Danser" and "Waiting for Magic".

The Sign is listed among the Top 100 Best-selling Albums of All Time by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), with sales in excess of 21 million copies. The album itself earned Arista Records 42 million USD, and was nominated for Best Pop Album at the 1995 Grammy Awards. The Sign was ranked top three on the Billboard 200 chart for 26 consecutive weeks. The album, and the single of the same name, are the only single or album by a Swedish act to rank number one on Billboard's annual overall Year-End lists.

Don't Turn Around
"Don't Turn Around" is a popular song written by Albert Hammond and Diane Warren. It was originally recorded by American singer Tina Turner and released as the B-side to her 1986 hit single "Typical Male". It has since been included on Turner's compilation album The Collected Recordings: Sixties to Nineties (1994), as well as featuring in the Tina musical since 2018.

The song has been covered by numerous artists, most notably by Luther Ingram in 1987, Aswad in 1988, Bonnie Tyler in 1988, Eyes in 1990, Neil Diamond in 1991, Ace of Base in 1993, and Albert Hammond in 2010.
Dominator culture
Dominator culture refers to a model of society where fear and force maintain rigid understandings of power and superiority within a hierarchical structure. Futurist and writer Riane Eisler first popularized this term in her book The Chalice and the Blade (HarperCollins San Francisco, 1987). In it, Eisler positions the dominator model in contrast to the partnership model, a more egalitarian structure of society founded on mutual respect among its inhabitants. In dominator culture, men rule over women, whereas partnership culture values men and women equally.

Other theorists, including Terence McKenna and bell hooks, have expanded on the implications and impact of dominator culture. They, among others, argue that adherence to the dominator model over the partnership model denies the possibility of a more equal society, systematically allowing for the persecution of those who are "dominated"—including racial and ethnic minorities, LGBT people, and women.

The Chalice and the Blade
The Chalice and The Blade: Our History, Our Future is a 1987 book by Riane Eisler.  The author presents a conceptual framework for studying social systems with particular attention to how a society constructs roles and relations between the female and male halves of humanity.
2023 Bolsover District Council election
The 2023 Bolsover District Council election took place on 4 May 2023, to elect all 37 members of Bolsover District Council in Derbyshire, England. This was on the same day as other local elections across England.

Bolsover District
Bolsover District is a local government district in Derbyshire, England. It is named after the town of Bolsover, which is near the geographic centre of the district, but the council is based in the large village of Clowne to the north. The district also includes the town of Shirebrook and several villages and surrounding rural areas.

The neighbouring districts are Amber Valley, North East Derbyshire, Chesterfield, Rotherham, Bassetlaw, Mansfield, and Ashfield.
Kilbreda College
Kilbreda College is an independent Roman Catholic secondary day school for girls, located in the Melbourne suburb of Mentone, Victoria, Australia. It was founded in 1904 by the Brigidine Sisters and is governed by Kildare Ministries.

Mentone, Victoria
Mentone is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 21 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the City of Kingston local government area. Mentone recorded a population of 13,197 at the 2021 census.

It is known locally for Mentone Beach, which extends alongside Beaumaris Bay from the cliffs in Beaumaris and ends at Warrigal Road where it meets Parkdale.

Mentone is associated with the Heidelberg School of Australian artists.
Secunet Security Networks
secunet Security Networks AG commonly known as Secunet, is a German information security corporation headquartered in Essen. Secunet develops, manufactures and sells information security hardware and secure telecommunications equipment. It is the producer and vendor of Germany's SINA infrastructure that forms the basis for Germany's secure IT networks. Secunet is Germany's biggest information security company and provides services for the public administration and private enterprises in the country. The company listed publicly in the SDAX.

Secunet was founded in 1997, as a spin-off of the IT division of the former TÜV Mitte AG. Since 2009, Giesecke+Devrient has been the majority shareholder. In 2022, Secunet generated a revenue of 347 million euros and had more than 1,000 employees, thus making it the leading IT security partner of the Federal Republic of Germany. Within Germany Secunet has seats in Berlin, Bonn, Borchen, Dresden, Eschborn, Hamburg, Munich and Siegen.

Giesecke+Devrient
Giesecke+Devrient GmbH (G+D) is a German international security technology company operating in the fields of digital security, financial platforms, and currency technology. Founded in 1852, the company evolved from a manufacturer of banknotes, substrates, banknote processing machines, securities, ID documents (such as national ID cards and passports), and payment cards to a provider of security technologies in payment systems, identities, connectivity, and digital infrastructures. The company's headquarters are located in Munich.

G+D operates in 40 countries worldwide and achieved sales of €3.13 billion in 2024. As of 2024, the company produces banknotes for 145 central banks globally.
Eve-Olution
Eve-Olution is the third studio album by American rapper Eve. It was released by Ruff Ryders Entertainment on August 27, 2002 in the United States, while distribution was overseen by Interscope Records. Production on Eve-Olution was handled by frequent collaborators Dr. Dre, Swizz Beatz and Irv Gotti. Additional production on the album was provided by Bink!, Channel 7,  Trackmasters, Jay "Icepick" Jackson, and Scott Storch, among others.

The album earned largely positive reviews from music critics and debuted at number six on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 133,000 copies; also reaching the top twenty in Canada, France, and Switzerland. For selling over 600,000 copies in the US, it was certified gold in sales by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA). Eve-Olution spawned the internationally successful single "Gangsta Lovin'", which reached number two on the Billboard Hot 100 and Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs charts as well as number four in Australia.

Bink (music producer)
Roosevelt Harrell III (born February 20, 1972), known professionally as Bink, is an American hip hop producer from Norfolk, Virginia, who is noted for his work with Roc-A-Fella Records artists. His most high-profile work has been Jay-Z's critically acclaimed album The Blueprint, for which he produced three tracks. He is sometimes credited as Bink! or Bink Dog. In 2011, Bink and American-reggae artist Atiba finished a collaborative album titled Foreigner. A release date for the project has yet to be announced.
William F. Dunne
William Francis Dunne (October 15, 1887 – September 23, 1953) was an American  Marxist political activist, newspaper editor and trade unionist. He is best remembered as the editor of the radical Butte Bulletin around the turn of the 1920s, and as an editor of the Daily Worker, the daily newspaper of the Communist Party USA, from the middle-1920s through the 1930s. Dunne was a founding member of the Communist Labor Party of America which merged with the CPUSA, but was removed from the national leadership of the latter party in 1934 and expelled in 1946 on charges of factionalism.

Daily Worker
The Daily Worker was a newspaper published in Chicago, founded by communists, socialists, union members, and other activists. Publication began in 1924. It generally reflected the prevailing views of members of the Communist Party USA (CPUSA); it also reflected a broader spectrum of left-wing opinion. At its peak, the newspaper achieved a circulation of 35,000. Contributors to its pages included Robert Minor and Fred Ellis (cartoonists), Lester Rodney (sports editor), David Karr, Richard Wright, John L. Spivak, Peter Fryer, Woody Guthrie, and Louis F. Budenz.

All works of the Daily Worker prior to 1964 are now in the public domain due to the nonrenewal of their copyright status.
Helen Sobel Smith
Helen Elizabeth Sobel Smith (née Martin; May 22, 1909 – September 11, 1969) was an American bridge player. She is said to have been the "greatest woman bridge player of all time" and "may well have been the most brilliant card player of all time." She won 35 North American Bridge Championships, and was the first woman to play in the Bermuda Bowl. She was a long-time partner of Charles Goren.

Fall National Open Pairs
The National Open Pairs was the first national bridge championship for open pairs and was held at the fall American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC) as a four-session matchpoint (MP) pairs event.
Carolina Lightnin'
The Carolina Lightnin' was a professional American soccer club based in Charlotte, North Carolina that was a member of the American Soccer League from 1981 to 83.  After the Lightnin' folded, much of the front office staff and some of the players joined a new club called the Charlotte Gold that played in the United Soccer League in 1984. Both the Lightnin' and the Gold played home matches at American Legion Memorial Stadium.

Scott Manning (soccer)
Scott Manning (born September 5, 1957) is an American retired soccer goalkeeper.  He spent four seasons in the American Soccer League where he was the 1980 league leading goalkeeper.  He also played thirteen seasons in the Major Indoor Soccer League where he was the 1985 MISL Goalkeeper of the Year.
19th Bangladesh National Film Awards
The 19th Bangladesh National Film Awards were presented by the Ministry of Information, Bangladesh, to felicitate the best of Bangladeshi cinema released in the year 1994. The ceremony took place in Dhaka, and awards were given by the president of Bangladesh. The National Film Awards are the only film awards given by the government itself. Every year, a national panel appointed by the government selects the winning entry, and the award ceremony is held in Dhaka. 1994 was the 19th ceremony of the National Film Awards.

National Film Awards (Bangladesh)
The National Film Awards (Bengali: জাতীয় চলচ্চিত্র পুরস্কার) is an annual awards ceremony held annually in Dhaka, Bangladesh. It is considered to be the most significant film award ceremony in Bangladesh. The National Film Awards were established in 1975 by the government of Bangladesh. Every year, a national panel appointed by the government selects the winning entries.
Recopa Sul-Brasileira
The Recopa Sul-Brasileira was a Brazilian football competition reuniting the champions of four other competitions, which are the Copa FPF, the Copa Paraná, the Copa Santa Catarina and the Copa FGF, respectively played by teams of São Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul. It was officially recognized by the Brazilian Football Confederation. The competition's first edition was played in 2007.

Taça FPF
The Taça FPF is a Brazilian football tournament played in the second half of the year. A spot in the Copa do Brasil and in the Campeonato Brasileiro Série D is granted for the winner of the competition. The winner of the cup also competes in the Recopa Sul-Brasileira. The competition is organized by the Paraná State Football Federation.
Chris Buescher
Christopher William Buescher (born October 29, 1992) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 17 Ford Mustang Dark Horse for RFK Racing. He is the 2012 ARCA Racing Series and 2015 NASCAR Xfinity Series champion and the cousin of 2012 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series champion James Buescher.

2015 NASCAR Xfinity Series
The 2015 NASCAR Xfinity Series was the 34th season of the NASCAR Xfinity Series, the second national professional stock car racing series sanctioned by NASCAR in the United States. It began with the Alert Today Florida 300 at Daytona International Speedway on February 21, and ended with the Ford EcoBoost 300 at Homestead-Miami Speedway on November 21. Chase Elliott entered the 2015 season as the defending series champion. Chris Buescher won the championship. 
The 2015 season marked two major changes; Comcast's cable brand Xfinity replaced Nationwide Insurance as title sponsor of the series, while Fox, Fox Sports 1, NBC and NBCSN broadcast the series' races, replacing the ESPN networks and ABC.
Teviothead
Teviothead (Scottish Gaelic: Ceann Tìbhiot) is a small village and civil parish in Teviotdale in the Scottish Borders, known locally as Teviotheid. It is located south of the River Teviot.

The Border hero Johnnie Armstrong and his men were taken prisoner and executed here in 1530, by King James V. A fine memorial stone exists in Caerlanrig churchyard, and a marker in the adjacent field shows the traditional site of the grave.
Tom Jenkins, Britain's first black schoolmaster taught at the Smithy, now occupied by the Johnnie Armstrong Gallery, from 1814 to 1818.

The poet Henry Scott Riddell died in Teviotdale and Scottish motorcycle road racer Steve Hislop died in a helicopter crash on nearby hillside moorland in the Teviot valley in 2003.

Henry Riddell (poet)
Henry Scott Riddell (23 September 1798 – 30 July 1870) was a Scottish poet and songwriter.  In the Scottish Orpheus, a collection of songs of Scotland by Adam Hamilton, he is credited with writing Scotland Yet and The Dowie Dens O' Yarrow.
Township (Pennsylvania)
A township, under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is the lowest level of municipal incorporation of government. All of Pennsylvania's communities outside of incorporated cities, boroughs, and one town have been incorporated into individual townships that serve as the legal entities providing local self-government functions.

In general, townships in Pennsylvania encompass larger land areas than other municipalities, and tend to be located in suburban, exurban, or rural parts of the commonwealth. As with other incorporated municipalities in Pennsylvania, townships exist within counties and are subordinate to or dependent upon the county level of government.

Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania
Bloomsburg is a town in and the county seat of Columbia County, Pennsylvania. It is part of Northeastern Pennsylvania and is located 40 miles (64 km) southwest of Wilkes-Barre along the Susquehanna River. As of the 2020 census, Bloomsburg had a population of 12,711.

Bloomsburg is one of two principal communities of the Bloomsburg-Berwick, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area, a metropolitan area that covers Columbia and Montour counties, and had a combined population of 85,562 at the 2010 census.

Bloomsburg is the only incorporated "town" in Pennsylvania. Nonetheless, Bloomsburg operates mostly like a borough, with a council, mayor, fire department, police department and other operations. All other incorporated municipalities in the state are townships, boroughs or cities.