hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chief Oshkosh
Chief Oshkosh (also spelled Os-kosh or Oskosh) (c. 1795 – August 31, 1858) was a chief of the Menominee Native Americans, recognized as the leader of the Menominee people by the United States government from August 7, 1827, until his death. He was involved in treaty negotiations as the United States sought to acquire more of the Menominee tribe's land in Wisconsin and Michigan for both white settlers and relocated Oneida, Stockbridge, Munsee, and  Brothertown Indians. The Menominee ceded over 10,000,000 acres (40,000 km2) of land to the United States. However, Oshkosh resisted U.S. government pressure for the tribe to relocate to northern Minnesota and played a key role in securing the 235,524-acre (953.13 km2) Menominee Indian Reservation as a permanent home for his people on their ancestral land.

Oshkosh, Wisconsin, is named after him.

Oshkosh, Wisconsin
Oshkosh (/ˈɒʃkɒʃ/ ⓘ) is a city in Winnebago County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. It is located on the western shore of Lake Winnebago, adjacent to the much less populous Town of Oshkosh in the north. The population was 66,816 at the 2020 census, making it the ninth-most populous city in Wisconsin. The Oshkosh metropolitan statistical area, consisting solely of Winnebago County, had 171,730 residents. Oshkosh is included in the greater Fox Cities region of Wisconsin.
Started
"Started" is a song recorded by Australian rapper Iggy Azalea for her second studio album In My Defense. The song was written by Azalea alongside Ronny Wright and produced by American record producer J. White Did It. It was released by Bad Dreams and Empire on 3 May 2019 as the second single from the album. An accompanying music video for the track, directed by Colin Tilley, was shot the prior month in Los Angeles, California and also premiered that day.

J. White Did It
Anthony Jermaine White (born December 17, 1984), known professionally as J. White Did It, is an American record producer, songwriter, and DJ from Blytheville, Arkansas. White has produced three Billboard Hot 100-number one singles: "Bodak Yellow" (2017) and "I Like It" (2018) both for Cardi B, as well as "Savage Remix" (2020) for Megan Thee Stallion. The latter won a Grammy Award, along with his 2018 production, "A Lot" by 21 Savage.
Tarkastad
Tarkastad is a Karoo semi-urban settlement situated on the banks of Tarka River in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. Tarkastad is on a plain to the north of the Winterberg mountain range on the R61 between Cradock and Komani and only three hours from Gqeberha. The name Tarkastad is believed to come from the Khoi-Khoi word Traka (meaning women) or the Celtic word Tarka (meaning otter) and the Afrikaans word Stad (meaning city). The fact that the town is overlooked by Martha and Mary; two peaks which look like two women resting after a hard day's work, also lends to the name.

R61 (South Africa)
The R61 is a long provincial route in South Africa that connects Beaufort West with Port Shepstone via Graaff-Reinet, Komani (previously Queenstown), Mthatha and Port Edward.

The R61 is co-signed with the N9 for 103 kilometres from Aberdeen through Graaff-Reinet to Bethesdaweg, and with the N6 for 18 kilometres near Queenstown.
Tony Gingras
Antoine Blanc Gingras (October 20, 1875 – April 27, 1937) was a top scoring Canadian amateur ice hockey right winger who was active in the late 1890s and early 1900s. Born at Saint Boniface, Winnipeg, to Métis parents François Gingras and Annie McMurray, he was named for his grandfather, Antoine Blanc Gingras, a well-known fur trader and one of the founders of St. Joseph (now Walhalla), North Dakota.

Gingras played with the Winnipeg Victorias of the Manitoba Hockey Association and won the Stanley Cup twice with the team, in 1901 against the Montreal Shamrocks  and in 1902 against the Toronto Wellingtons. On the Victorias team Gingras formed a successful partnership with center forward Dan Bain.

Gingras died in Winnipeg in 1937.

Winnipeg Victorias
The Winnipeg Victorias were an amateur senior-level men's amateur ice hockey team in Winnipeg, Manitoba, organized in 1889. They played in the Manitoba Hockey Association (MHA) in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  The Victorias won the Stanley Cup in February 1896, 1901 and January 1902 while losing the Cup in December 1896, February 1899, February 1900, March 1902, and February 1903. After the Stanley Cup became the professional championship, the Victorias continued in senior-level amateur play, winning the Allan Cup in 1911 and 1912.
Weightlifting at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
Weightlifting at the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games was the fourth appearance of Weightlifting at the Commonwealth Games. The events took place in the South Perth City Hall in South Perth, Australia and featured contests in seven weight classes.

England topped the weightlifting medal table with three gold medals.

1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games
The 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games were held in Perth, Western Australia, from 22 November to 1 December 1962. Athletic events were held at Perry Lakes Stadium in the suburb of Floreat and swimming events at Beatty Park in North Perth. It was held after the 1962 Commonwealth Paraplegic Games for wheelchair athletes.
Não São Paulo, Vol. 2
Não São Paulo, Vol. 2 is a compilation album released by famous Brazilian independent label Baratos Afins in 1987, one year after the previous installment, Não São Paulo, Vol. 1. Unlike the previous compilation, that featured relatively well-known Brazilian post-punk bands active during the mid-1980s, Vol. 2 brings out more obscure bands (with the exception of Nau, fronted by Brazilian LGBT activist Vange Leonel, and 365, a slightly popular punk rock band from São Paulo).

The album was re-issued under CD form in 1996, featuring four additional bonus tracks.

The lyrics to "Sofro", by Nau, were taken from a poem written by Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa (under the pen name Ricardo Reis). "Grândola, Vila Morena" is a cover of Zeca Afonso's eponymous song.

Vange Leonel
Maria Evangelina Leonel Gandolfo (4 May 1963 – 14 July 2014), known as Vange Leonel, was a Brazilian singer-songwriter, rhythm guitarist, journalist, blogger, cronista, novelist, playwright, beer sommelier, and feminist and LGBT rights activist. Known for her distinctive soulful, bluesy vocals heavily inspired by Billie Holiday and Janis Joplin, she was famous for her work with post-punk band Nau, active from 1985 to 1989, before beginning a solo career in 1991.
Albocenses
The Albocenses (Latin: Albocenses/Albocensii) were a Dacian tribe that inhabited the area of Banat (Serbia, Romania) with the towns of Kovin (Contra Margum), Trans Tierna, Ad Medias II, Kladovo (Ad Pontes), Apu, Arcidava, Centum Putea, Ram (Lederata) and Praetorium I. They lived between the Timiş River (Tibiscus) and north of the Saldenses, south of the Biephi. It is believed that the tribe migrated to Spain in Roman times .

Maximus of Moesia, the governor of Moesia under Emperor Valens, approached the lands of the Albocenses prior to the Gothic Wars.

Dacians
The Dacians (/ˈdeɪ.ʃən/, DAY-shən; Latin: Daci [ˈdaːkiː]; Ancient Greek: Δάκοι, Δάοι, Δάκαι) were the ancient Indo-European inhabitants of the cultural region of Dacia, located in the area near the Carpathian Mountains and west of the Black Sea. They are often considered a subgroup of the Thracians. This area includes mainly the present-day countries of Romania and Moldova, as well as parts of Ukraine, Eastern Serbia, Northern Bulgaria, Slovakia, Hungary and Southern Poland. The Dacians and the related Getae spoke the Dacian language, which has a debated relationship with the neighbouring Thracian language and may be a subgroup of it. Dacians were somewhat culturally influenced by the neighbouring Scythians and by the Celtic invaders of the 4th century BC.
Hässelby-Vällingby
Hässelby-Vällingby is a borough (stadsdelsområde) in the western part of Stockholm, Sweden.
It is primarily made up of Hässelby (Gård, Strand, Villastad) and Vällingby. The other districts that make up the borough are Backlura, Kälvesta, Nälsta, Råcksta and Vinsta. As of 2014, the population is 71,042 in an area of 19.60 km2 (7.57 sq mi), which gives a density of 3,624.59/km2 (9,387.6/sq mi).

The name is taken from Hässelby Castle (Hesselby Slott)  which included large areas within the present three districts. The port of Hässelby also includes parts of Vinsta. The castle is located in the present district of Hässelby Gård but in the postcode of Vällingby.

Districts of Sweden
Municipalities in Sweden are in some rare cases divided into smaller districts  or urban districts, and are sometimes assigned administrative boards responsible for certain areas of governance in their respective areas.  These districts are not specified by national Swedish law, but rather are created by individual municipalities, and thus the Swedish names of these districts vary greatly from municipality to municipality, including kommundelar, stadsdelar, stadsdelområden, primärområden, or stadsdelsnämndsområden.  The degree of administrative autonomy of these districts similarly varies greatly, but is normally very limited.

On 1 January 2016 a new form of division of Sweden was introduced. This division is called registration districts (Swedish: distrikt). These are used for certain administrative purposes by some national authorities, such as land ownership and statistics. This is not the same as the urban districts which are divisions held by some municipalities.
Anna of Pomerania, Duchess of Lubin
Anna of Pomerania (Polish:  Anna Pomorska) (1492 – 25 April 1550) was a German Princess. She was a member of the House of Pomerania (also known as House of Greifen or House of Griffins) and by marriage Duchess of Brzeg.

She was the eldest daughter of Bogislaw X, Duke of Pomerania, by his second wife Anna, daughter of King Casimir IV of Poland.

House of Griffin
The House of Griffin or Griffin dynasty, (German: Greifen; Polish: Gryfici, Danish: Grif; Latin: Gryphes), or House of Pomerania (see § Name of the Dynasty), was a dynasty ruling the Duchy of Pomerania from the 12th century until 1637. The name "Griffins" was used by the dynasty after the 15th century and had been taken from the ducal coat of arms. Duke Wartislaw I (died 1135) was the first historical ruler of the Duchy of Pomerania and the founder of the Griffin dynasty. The most prominent Griffin was Eric of Pomerania, who became king of the Kalmar Union in 1397, thus ruling Denmark, Sweden, Finland and Norway. The last Griffin duke of Pomerania was Bogislaw XIV, who died during the Thirty Years' War, which led to the division of Pomerania between Brandenburg-Prussia, Sweden and Poland. Duchess Anna von Croy, daughter of Duke Bogislaw XIII and the last member of the House of Griffin, died in 1660.
Ibex Valley
The Ibex Valley (named for Ibex Mountain) is a valley approximately 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) west of the City of Whitehorse, Yukon, Canada. The valley and the surrounding area is governed by five elected councilors from the Ibex Valley Hamlet. The valley is rural with a mixture of farms and country residential. The population of the Hamlet in 2021 was 523.

The Ibex Valley is bounded by Ibex Mountain to the south; Mount Arkell and Mount Ingram to the west; Mount Sumanik and Mount Williams to the east.

Ibex Valley, Yukon
Ibex Valley is a hamlet in Canada's Yukon. The hamlet is considered a local advisory area with an advisory council providing local government. Its population, according to the 2021 Canadian Census, was 523.
Dazkaya, Mazgirt
Dazkaya (Kurdish: Hazorig) is a village in the Mazgirt District, Tunceli Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Alan, Milan and Heyderan tribes and had a population of 17 in 2021.

The hamlet of Ören is attached to the village.

Mazgirt District
Mazgirt District is a district of Tunceli Province in Turkey. The town of Mazgirt is the seat and the district had a population of 7,357 in 2021. The kaymakam is Menderes Topçuoĝlu. Its area is 702 km2.
Listed buildings in Speldhurst
Speldhurst is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Tunbridge Wells of Kent, England. It contains 167 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these six are grade I, 24 are grade II* and 137 are grade II.

This list is based on the information retrieved online from Historic England.

Speldhurst
Speldhurst is a village and civil parish in the borough of Tunbridge Wells in Kent, England. The parish is to the west of Tunbridge Wells: the village is 3 miles (5 km) west of the town.

Speldhurst has a primary school, a parish church, a community run general store with post office, a pub, and a small business park. There is a residential care home for the elderly, Birchwood House, which is a former manor house with a rich history. Speldhurst football team plays on the local recreation ground, the pitch is considered one of the best in the surrounding area.
We Are Next of Kin
We Are Next of Kin (German: Wir sind dann wohl die Angehörigen) is a 2022 German coming-of-age psychological drama film directed by Hans-Christian Schmid, based on the autobiographical book of the same name by Johann Scheerer. The story is about the kidnapping of Jan Philipp Reemtsma, but from the point of view of his son Johann, then 13 years old. Following its premiere at the 2022 Hamburg Film Festival, it was released in German cinemas on 3 November 2022.

Jan Philipp Reemtsma
Jan Philipp Fürchtegott Reemtsma (born 26 November 1952) is a German literary scholar, author, and patron who founded and was the long-term director of the Hamburg Institute for Social Research. Reemtsma lives and works mainly in Hamburg. In 1996, Reemtsma was kidnapped by Thomas Drach and only released after a ransom of 30 million German Marks was paid.
Henry and the Clubhouse
Henry and the Clubhouse, by Beverly Cleary, is the fifth book in Henry Huggins series. Now that he has the paper route he wanted so badly in the previous book, Henry and the Paper Route, Henry finds that it's harder than he expected. His earnings are going for the clubhouse he and his friends are building. One of the boys insists that it be a "Boys Only" club, and that causes trouble with Henry's friend Beezus Quimby and her little sister Ramona. Henry and the Clubhouse was published in 1962.

Ramona Quimby
Ramona Geraldine Quimby is a fictional character in an eponymous series of novels by Beverly Cleary, published from the 1950s to 1990s.  She first appears in the Henry Huggins series as the pestering younger sister of Henry's new best friend Beatrice, called "Beezus" by Ramona and her family. In 1955 the first novel in the Ramona series was published, Beezus and Ramona., however Ramona would remain as a presence in all of the Henry Huggins novels.

The Ramona specific series focus on Ramona as she grows from a child in nursery school (Beezus and Ramona) to one in the fourth grade (Ramona's World).  Topics Ramona faces in the books range from financial instability, the death of a family pet, school bullies, divorce, marriage, to sibling relations and experiencing the addition of a new sibling.
Robert Digby, 1st Baron Digby
Robert Digby, 1st Baron Digby (died 6 June 1642), was an Anglo-Irish peer.

Digby was the son of Sir Robert Digby of Coleshill, Warwickshire, and Lettice FitzGerald, of Geashill, Ireland, granddaughter of Gerald FitzGerald, 11th Earl of Kildare. John Digby, 1st Earl of Bristol, was his uncle, and Essex Digby, Bishop of Dromore, his brother. Digby notably served as Governor of King's County in Ireland. In 1620, he was raised to the Peerage of Ireland as Baron Digby, of Geashill. He married, firstly, Lady Sarah Boyle, daughter of Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork, and Catherine Fenton; this marriage produced a son, Kildare Digby (c. 1627 – 1661). Digby married secondly, Elizabeth Altham, daughter of Sir James Altham and his second wife, Mary Stapers. Digby died in 1642 and was succeeded in the barony by his son Kildare. They are buried in the parish church of St Peter and St Paul, Coleshill.

James Altham
Sir James Altham (about 1554 - 1617), of Oxhey, Hertfordshire, was an English judge, briefly a member of the Parliament of England, and (from 1607) a Baron of the Exchequer. A friend of Lord Chancellor Francis Bacon, Altham opposed Edward Coke but advanced the laws of equity behind the fastness of the Exchequer courts, so long considered almost inferior. Through advanced Jacobean royalism he helped to prosecute the King's enemies and centralise royal power of taxation. With Sir Edward Bromley, he presided at the Lancashire witch trials in 1612.
Joan Carlyle
Joan Carlyle (6 April 1931 – 31 October 2021) was a Welsh operatic soprano singer. She was born in Upton on the Wirral, Cheshire. After auditioning for the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, London, she was put under contract by the musical director Rafael Kubelík and made her debut in 1955, appearing also under him in The Magic Flute in 1956 and as Ascagne in Les Troyens.

She became one of the principal English-speaking singers who emerged at Covent Garden in the 1950s becoming an established member of the Covent Garden Opera Company. The conductor Rudolf Kempe was a powerful influence and nurtured her career. It was with him that she had her first successes in the 1958–59 season as Sophie in Luchino Visconti's production of Der Rosenkavalier, and then as Micaela in Carmen.

Under a series of distinguished conductors, Carlyle sang throughout Europe and beyond, making her US debut in March 1963 in the Brahms's A German Requiem with Erich Leinsdorf.

Upton, Merseyside
Upton is a village in the northern part of the Wirral Peninsula, England, and is situated within 4 miles (6.4 km) of Birkenhead, 4 miles (6.4 km) of the Dee Estuary, a similar distance from the River Mersey, and 2 miles (3.2 km) from Liverpool Bay. The village is a ward of the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral in the metropolitan county of Merseyside. Upton was in the traditional county of Cheshire. At the 2011 census, the population was 16,130.

Upton was originally settled as an Anglo-Saxon farming community, and remained as a farming community until the village's rapid urbanisation and expansion from the mid-19th century. This was brought about by the development of Liverpool as a major port, with rail and road links across the Mersey estuary. The village now has a strong service economy which is based primarily around healthcare and retail, with a variety of places nearby, and within the village, to pursue sport and leisure activities.
George Turpin (MP)
Sir George Turpin (1529–1583), of Knaptoft, Leicestershire and London, was an English Member of Parliament.

He was the younger son of John Turpin of Knaptoft. He succeeded his brother in 1551 and was knighted 21 August 1566.

He was elected a Member (MP) of the Parliament of England for Leicestershire in November 1554, 1563 and 1572. He was a Justice of the Peace for Leicestershire and was appointed High Sheriff of Warwickshire and Leicestershire for 1565 and High Sheriff of Leicestershire only for 1574.

He married Frances, the daughter of Sir Robert Lane of Horton, Northamptonshire, with whom he had a son, William, and a daughter.

Knaptoft
Knaptoft is a deserted medieval village and civil parish in the Harborough district of Leicestershire and lies approximately 9.7 miles (15.6 km) south of the city of Leicester, England. According to the University of Nottingham English Place-names project, the settlement name Knaptoft could mean "cnafa" (Old English) for 'a boy, a young man, a servant, a menial, or a personal name' and 'toft' (Old English), the plot of ground in which a dwelling stands. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 47.
Zapata Peninsula
Zapata Peninsula (Spanish: Península de Zapata) is a large peninsula in Matanzas Province, southern Cuba, at 22°18′N 81°23′W﻿ / ﻿22.30°N 81.38°W﻿ / 22.30; -81.38. Ciénaga de Zapata National Park is located on the peninsula.

It is located south of Ensenada de la Broa, east of the gulf of Batabano, and north of the Gulf of Cazones. The Bay of Pigs defines its eastern limit. To the north, it is bounded by the Carretera Central highway.

Matanzas Province
Matanzas (Latin American Spanish pronunciation: [maˈtansas]) is one of the provinces of Cuba.  Major towns in the province include Cárdenas, Colón, Jovellanos and the capital of the same name, Matanzas. The resort town of Varadero is also located in this province.

Among Cuban provinces, Matanzas is one of the most industrialized, with petroleum wells, refineries, supertanker facilities, and 21 sugar mills to process the harvests of the fields of sugarcane in the province.
Salinas Grandes mine
The Salinas Grandes mine is one of the largest lithium mines in Argentina. The mine is located in northern Argentina in Jujuy Province. The Salinas Grandes mine has reserves amounting to 20 million tonnes of lithium ore grading 1.2% lithium thus resulting 293,000 tonnes of lithium.

Jujuy Province
Jujuy [xuˈxuj] is a province of Argentina, located in the extreme northwest of the country, at the borders with Chile and Bolivia. The only neighboring Argentine province is Salta to the east and south.
Abdul Hakeem Khan
Abdul Hakeem Khan Swati was a former governor of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan and former Chief Justice of Peshawar High Court. He belongs to Swati tribe of Baffa, the largest Union Council of Mansehra District. He was appointed the Governor of North-West Frontier Province (now Khyber Pakhtunkhwa) when General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq imposed Martial Law on 5 July 1977 and appointed all provincial Chief justices as governors of respective provinces. Khan died on 4 January 2007, aged 90. He belonged to Lughmani family of the Sarkheli subsection of Swati tribe.

Peshawar High Court
The Peshawar High Court (PHC, Urdu: عدالتِ عالیہ پشاور) is the provincial and highest judicial institution of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan. It is located in the provincial capital Peshawar. The Parliament passed a bill extending the jurisdiction of the Supreme Court (SC) and the Peshawar High Court to Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), one of a handful of reforms paving the way for a merger of the tribal areas with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.
Bello of Carcassonne
Bello (c. 755 – 810) was  Count of Carcassonne from 790 until his death. He was the founder of the Bellonid Dynasty of Carcassonne and Razès which reached its apex in Wilfred the Hairy, progenitor of the House of Barcelona.

Bello married Ermentrude de Ampurias, several children have been suggested for him:

Guisclafred, his successor in Carcassonne

Oliba I, Count of Carcassonne and Razès

Sunyer I, Count of Empúries

Sunifred I, Count of Barcelona - may have been his son or possibly son-in-law.  He is mentioned to be the brother of Sunyer I; might have been his brother-in-law.

Argila of Razès, Count of Carcassonne and Razès

Bera of Barcelona, Count of Carcassonne and Razès, Count of Barcelona, Girona, Ausona, Empúries

Argila and Bera are less likely to have been sons of Bello.  Bera is also noted to be the son of William of Gellone, but that is also unlikely based on references detailing William's inheritance.

Wilfred the Hairy
Wilfred or Wifred, called the Hairy (in Catalan: Guifré el Pilós), (died 11 August 897) was Count of Urgell (from 870), Cerdanya (from 870), Barcelona (from 878), Girona (from 878, as Wilfred II), Besalú (from 878) and Ausona (from 886). On his death in 897, his son, Wilfred Borrell, inherited these counties, known by the historiography as the Catalan counties.

He was responsible for the repopulation of the long-depopulated no-man's land around Vic (the county of Ausona, a frontier between Christians and Muslims), the re-establishment of the bishopric of Vic and the foundation of the Monastery of Santa Maria de Ripoll, where he is buried.