hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lunatic asylum
The lunatic asylum, insane asylum or mental asylum was an institution where people with mental illness were confined. It was an early precursor of the modern psychiatric hospital.

Modern psychiatric hospitals evolved from and eventually replaced the older lunatic asylum. The treatment of inmates in early lunatic asylums was sometimes brutal and focused on containment and restraint. The discovery of anti-psychotic drugs and mood-stabilizing drugs resulted in a shift in focus from containment in lunatic asylums to treatment in psychiatric hospitals. Later, there was further and more thorough critique in the form of the deinstitutionalization movement which focuses on treatment at home or in less isolated institutions.

Whilst it was used in the past, modern and more humane areas have been developed as opposed to the unorthodox methods of isolation and questionable therapies used in Lunatic (insane) asylum(s).

William Tuke
William Tuke (24 March 1732 – 6 December 1822), an English tradesman, philanthropist and Quaker, earned fame for promoting more humane custody and care for people with mental disorders, using what he called gentler methods that came to be known as moral treatment. He played a big part in founding The Retreat at Lamel Hill, York, for treating mental-health needs. He and his wife Esther Maud backed strict adherence to Quaker principles. He was an abolitionist, a patron of the Bible Society, and an opponent of the East India Company's inhumane practices.
Mel Tillis
Lonnie Melvin Tillis (August 8, 1932 – November 19, 2017) was an American country music singer and songwriter. Although he recorded songs since the late 1950s, his biggest success occurred in the 1970s as part of the outlaw country movement, with a long list of Top 10 hits. Tillis' biggest hits include "I Ain't Never", "Good Woman Blues", and "Coca-Cola Cowboy". His composition Ruby, Don't Take Your Love To Town became a world-wide hit in 1969 when recorded by Kenny Rogers.

On February 13, 2012, President Barack Obama awarded Tillis the National Medal of Arts for his contributions to country music. He also won the Country Music Association Awards' most coveted award, Entertainer of the Year. Tillis was a member of the Grand Ole Opry, Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame, and Country Music Hall of Fame. Additionally, he was known for his stutter, which did not affect his singing voice. His daughter is 1990s country hitmaker Pam Tillis.

I Ain't Never
"I Ain't Never" is a song co-written by American country music artists Webb Pierce and Mel Tillis. Each co-writer recorded the song separately, with both Pierce's (1959), and years later Tillis's (1972,  although Tillis had previously recorded the song in 1962), with both versions resulting in major hits.
Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini
Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini (10 August 1797 – 18 February 1848) was a German botanist, Professor of Botany at the University of Munich. He worked extensively with Philipp Franz von Siebold, assisting in describing his collections from Japan, and he also described plants discovered in other areas, including Mexico. Siebold wrote his Flora Japonica in collaboration with Zuccarini. It first appeared in 1835, but the work was not completed until after his death, finished in 1870 by F. A. W. Miquel (1811–1871), director of the Rijksherbarium in Leiden.

The botanical genus Zuccarinia (Rubiaceae) was named in his honor by Carl Ludwig Blume in 1827.

The standard author abbreviation Zucc. is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.

Zuccarinia
Zuccarinia is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the family of Rubiaceae. The genus contains only one species, i.e. Zuccarinia macrophylla, which is endemic to western Malesia, It is found in Jawa, Malaya and Sumatera.

The genus and species were circumscribed by Carl Ludwig Blume in Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind. on pages 1006-1007 in 1826.

The genus name of Zuccarinia is in honour of Joseph Gerhard Zuccarini (1797–1848), who was a German botanist, Professor of Botany at LMU Munich.
Toronto Jr. Canadiens
The Toronto Jr. Canadiens was the name of a junior ice hockey franchise in the Ontario Junior Hockey League (OJHL). In 2025, the franchise relocated from the Downsview neighbourhood of Toronto, where it had been based since 2006, to the Town of Newmarket, Ontario, and was rebranded as the Newmarket Hurricanes.

Dixie Beehives
Dixie Beehives are a pair of defunct junior ice hockey teams from Weston, Ontario, Canada, which is now part of Toronto, Ontario. They played in the Ontario Provincial Junior A Hockey League and the Central Junior B Hockey League.
State Center Community College District
State Center Community College District (SCCCD) is part of the California Community Colleges system located in Central California.

The district operates Fresno City College in Fresno, Reedley College in Reedley, Clovis Community College which has campuses in north Fresno and Clovis, and Madera Community College which has a campus in Madera and a satellite campus in Oakhurst, CA.

Madera, California
Madera (Spanish for "lumber") is a city in, and the county seat of, Madera County, located in the San Joaquin Valley of California.  
Founded in 1876 as a timber settlement at the terminus of a major log flume, the city grew around the lumber trade before transitioning to an agriculture-based economy during the 20th century. Irrigation from the San Joaquin River and nearby canals transformed the surrounding plains into fertile farmland that now supports vineyards, nut orchards, and row crops.

As of the 2020 United States census, Madera had a population of 66,224.
The Last Boy Scout
The Last Boy Scout is a 1991 American buddy action comedy film directed by Tony Scott from a screenplay by Shane Black, and produced by Joel Silver. It stars Bruce Willis and Damon Wayans, Halle Berry, Noble Willingham, Chelsea Field, Taylor Negron, and Danielle Harris. The film follows a washed-up private investigator (Willis) who teams up with a scandalized former football star (Wayans) to uncover a political conspiracy involving their former employers.

The film was released by Warner Bros. in the United States on December 13, 1991, to mixed reviews and a smaller than expected box office. Retrospective reviews have been more positive, and the film has developed a cult following.

Buddy film
The buddy film is a subgenre of adventure and comedy film in which two people go on an adventure, mission, or road trip. The two typically are males with contrasting personalities. The contrast is sometimes accentuated by an ethnic difference between the two. The buddy film is commonplace in Western cinema; unlike some other film genres, it endured through the 20th century with different pairings and different themes.
Jefatura del Estado Mayor Presidencial
The Jefatura del Estado Mayor Presidencial was the office served by the General commanding the Estado Mayor Presidencial (EMP), a kind of Presidential Guard that protected the security of the President of Mexico, his family, and that of foreign dignitaries visiting Mexico. The last Jefe was General Roberto Francisco Miranda Moreno.

The Jefe also served as the President's Chief of Staff, coordinating advisors, and taking charge of other logistical operations. However, it was most noted for leading elite members of the Mexican Army in guaranteeing the President's security.
Members of the EMP were assigned early in the election to the candidates to protect them. When a candidate won, they usually picked his chief of candidate security as their Jefe.

Estado Mayor Presidencial
The Estado Mayor Presidencial — EMP (English: Presidential General Staff) was the institution charged with protecting and safeguarding the President of Mexico, the First Lady of Mexico and their immediate families. It is described in its regulations as a military technical body and an administrative unit (Military staff) of the Presidency of the Republic of Mexico in facilitating the President's fulfillment of his attributes and functions.

The EMP was part of the Mexican Army, and a General always led it, embodied in the Jefatura del Estado Mayor Presidencial. Its last Jefatura was led by General Roberto Francisco Miranda Moreno, whom President Enrique Peña Nieto appointed.
Paper Dolls
Paper Dolls is an American primetime television soap opera that aired for 14 episodes on ABC from September 23 to December 25, 1984. Set in New York's fashion industry, the show centered on top modeling agency owner Racine (Morgan Fairchild), her conflicts with the family of cosmetics tycoon Grant Harper (Lloyd Bridges), and the careers of two teenaged models (Terry Farrell and Nicollette Sheridan). The series was based on a 1982 television film of the same name. The show suffered in the ratings, despite positive reviews, and was cancelled midway through the first season.

Dack Rambo
Norman Jay "Dack" Rambo (November 13, 1941 – March 21, 1994) was an American actor, widely known for his role as Walter Brennan's grandson Jeff in the series The Guns of Will Sonnett, as Steve Jacobi in the soap opera All My Children, as cousin Jack Ewing on Dallas, and as Grant Harrison on the soap opera Another World.
Michael Peter Olsen
Michael Peter Olsen (born June 28, 1974) is a Grammy-nominated multi-instrumentalist, producer, engineer, composer and arranger currently based in Toronto, Ontario.

Olsen has collaborated live on tour and on records with bands and artists such as Arcade Fire,  Drake, K-OS, Jim Guthrie, Kevin Hearn, The Constantines, Gentleman Reg, Great Lake Swimmers, The Hidden Cameras, and Zoon.

He is also well known as a producer and has worked with Ohbijou, and Spiral Beach. Olsen was a founder and operator of the Toronto recording studio Uncomfortable Silence.

Olsen currently fronts the Toronto band Our Founders, whose members include Spencer Cole of Weaves. Their album The Nines was released in October 2013.

He was a Canadian Film Centre Slaight Music Lab Resident from 2014 to 2015 in Toronto.

As a solo artist, Olsen released a full-length record titled Yearning Flow in the spring of 2021 on the Canadian independent label Hand Drawn Dracula.

The Hidden Cameras
The Hidden Cameras are a Canadian indie pop band. Fronted by singer-songwriter Joel Gibb, the band consists of a varying roster of musicians who play what Gibb once described as "gay church folk music". Their live performances have been elaborate, high-energy shows, featuring go-go dancers in balaclavas, a choir, and a string section.
Shiromani Akali Dal (Longowal)
Shiromani Akali Dal (Longowal) was a splinter group of the Parkash Singh Badal-led Shiromani Akali Dal (SAD). The party was launched in 2004 with Surjit Kaur Barnala (wife of SAD leader Surjit Singh Barnala) as its president. Prem Singh Chandumajra also joined it after being denied a ticked by the Badal-led SAD, but later left to join SAD (Badal) again in 2007.

The party contested the Patiala seat, but failed. In 2007, the party merged back into the Badal-led Shiromani Akali Dal.

Later, however, the party split out of SAD again. In 2014, the party merged into the Indian National Congress this time.

Surjit Kaur Barnala
Surjit Kaur Barnala is a Sikh politician from Punjab, India. She is the president of Shiromani Akali Dal (Longowal), a party which aims to support the thinking of Harcharan Singh Longowal and to get the  Rajiv-Longowal Accord fully implemented. She was the wife of Surjit Singh Barnala.
Lee Bodimeade
Lee Bodimeade (born 12 February 1970 in Warwick, Queensland) is a former field hockey player from Australia, who was part of the team that won the silver medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, Spain.

A member of Australia's men's national team from 1991 to 1998, Bodimeade also won the bronze medal at the 1994 Men's Hockey World Cup in Sydney, and earned a pair of medals in Champions Trophy competitions, including a silver medal in 1992 and a gold medal in 1993.

In 2005, Bodimeade was named head coach of the U.S. women's national team.

He was honored as USA Field Hockey's 2006 National Coach of the Year.

Warwick, Queensland
Warwick (/ˈwɒrɪk/ WORR-ik) is a rural town and locality in southeast Queensland, Australia, lying 130 kilometres (81 mi) south-west of Brisbane. It is the administrative centre of the Southern Downs Region local government area. The surrounding Darling Downs have fostered a strong agricultural industry for which Warwick, together with the larger city of Toowoomba, serve as convenient service centres. In the 2021 census, the locality of Warwick had a population of 12,294 people.
Wisconsin's 95th Assembly district
The 95th Assembly district of Wisconsin is one of 99 districts in the Wisconsin State Assembly.  Located in western Wisconsin, the district comprises parts of central and eastern La Crosse County and western Monroe County.  It includes the city of Sparta and much of the city of La Crosse, along with the villages of Bangor, Cashton, Melvina, Norwalk, and Rockland.  The district includes the University of Wisconsin–La Crosse campus and Western Technical College.  The district is represented by Democrat Jill Billings, since November 2011.

The 95th Assembly district is located within Wisconsin's 32nd Senate district, along with the 94th and 96th Assembly districts.

La Crosse Commercial Historic District

University of Wisconsin–La Crosse viewed from Grandad Bluff

Grandad Bluff

La Crosse, Wisconsin
La Crosse (/ləˈkrɒs/ ⓘ lə-KROSS) is a city in La Crosse County, Wisconsin, United States, and its county seat. Positioned alongside the Mississippi River, La Crosse is the most populous city on Wisconsin's western border. The population was 52,680 at the 2020 census. The La Crosse–Onalaska metropolitan area has an estimated 140,000 residents.

La Crosse's economy serves as a regional educational, medical, manufacturing, and transportation hub for Western Wisconsin producing a gross domestic product (GDP) of $10.1 billion for the La Crosse–Onalaska metropolitan area as of 2023. Home to the University of Wisconsin–La Crosse, Viterbo University, and Western Technical College, the city has nearly 20,000 students. The La Crosse area is home to the headquarters or regional offices of Kwik Trip, Organic Valley, Mayo Clinic, Gundersen Health System, Gensler, La Crosse Technology, City Brewing Company, and Trane.
Barbados (composition)
"Barbados" is a jazz tune composed by Charlie Parker. It is a twelve-bar blues set to a mambo rhythm. Parker first recorded it on September 18, 1948, with Miles Davis (trumpet), John Lewis (piano), Curly Russell (bass) and Max Roach (drums).

Charlie Parker
Charles Parker Jr. (August 29, 1920 – March 12, 1955), nicknamed "Bird" or "Yardbird", was an American jazz saxophonist, bandleader, and composer. Parker was a highly influential soloist and leading figure in the development of bebop, a form of jazz characterized by fast tempos, virtuosic technique, and advanced harmonies. He was a virtuoso and introduced revolutionary rhythmic and harmonic ideas into jazz, including rapid passing chords, new variants of altered chords, and chord substitutions. Parker primarily played the alto saxophone.

Parker was an icon for the hipster subculture and later the Beat Generation, personifying the jazz musician as an uncompromising artist and intellectual rather than just an entertainer.
Passengers (Russian TV series)
Passengers (Russian: Пассажи́ры) is a Russian drama television series with elements of mysticism. The lead roles are played by Kirill Käro, Sergey Gilyov, Anna Chipovskaya, and Sergey Shakurov. The series premiered on 24 December 2020 on the START streaming service. The second season, titled Passengers: The Last Love on Earth, was released from 8 April to 27 May 2022.

Start (streaming service)
Start is a subscription-based international streaming service available worldwide with Russian-based production. The service is a part of START digital media holding that also includes production company Start, and distribution company All Media.

START Originals includes world-renowned projects 257 Reasons to Live (Beta Film, 2020 Canneseries Best Performance Award, 2020 Rose D’Or Finalist), Russian Affairs/Gold Diggers. Another START Original sci-fi hit Better than Us after its premiere on Start became the first Russian production to be dubbed into 20+ languages and secured a Netflix Original status. Some of the series are currently being sold as formats for local adaptation abroad.
Belabo Upazila
Belabo (Bengali: বেলাবো) is an upazila of the Narsingdi District of Bangladesh, located in the Dhaka Division. Here the 2,500-year-old civilisation of Wari-Bateshwar has been discovered.  It is believed that it was a port city with foreign trade with Ancient Rome, Southeast Asia and other regions. It is the oldest city so far discovered after Indus Valley civilisation. Though part of Narsingdi, the Bengali dialect spoken by the people of Belabo is similar to that of Greater Mymensingh.

Hanif Pathan
Muhammad Hanif Pathan (Bengali: মুহম্মদ হানিফ পাঠান; 6 April 1901 - 1989) was a Bangladeshi folklorist and antiquarian. He is best known for publicizing the Wari-Bateshwar ruins, an ancient fort city and archaeological site of Bangladesh dating back to 450 BC. He is credited as the highest number of proverbs collector in Bangladesh.
An Insatiable High
An Insatiable High is the third studio album by Japanese musician, producer and composer Masayoshi Takanaka, released by Kitty Records in 1977. 
The album features performances from the American R&B and jazz group Tower of Power, and vocal performances from American session musician Jim Gilstrap.

Masayoshi Takanaka
Masayoshi Takanaka (Japanese: 高中 正義, Hepburn: Takanaka Masayoshi; born March 27, 1953) is a Japanese musician, producer and composer. Takanaka rose to fame and achieved commercial success during the 1970s and 1980s. He is known for his virtuosic guitar playing and skilled musicianship, composing and performing across various different music genres.

In a career spanning more than 50 years, Takanaka has released more than 20 albums and continues to perform.
Alan Brien
Alan Brien (12 March 1925 – 23 May 2008) was an English journalist best known for his novel Lenin. This took the form of a fictional diary charting Vladimir Lenin's life from the death of his father to shortly before his own demise in 1924.

Lenin (novel)
Lenin The Novel is a fictional diary of Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (better known as Lenin) written by the British journalist Alan Brien and published in 1987. It follows the life of Lenin from the death of his father in early 1886 to shortly before his own demise in 1924.
James Kilton Clapp
James Kilton Clapp (December 30, 1897 – 1965) was an American electrical engineer who worked for General Radio Corporation. He was born in Denver, Colorado and graduated from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1923, obtaining a master's degree there in 1926. He taught at MIT and then joined General Radio Corporation in 1928, until his retirement in 1957. He became a member of the IRE in 1928 and in 1933 was named "Fellow".

Several of Clapp's inventions became the basis of General Radio products.  He invented a quartz-crystal oscillator frequency standard in 1930, and patented a temperature control oven for crystal oscillators.  Clapp's name is best known in the field of electronics for his description in 1948 of an improved form of Colpitts oscillator known as the Clapp oscillator.

Clapp oscillator
The Clapp oscillator or Gouriet oscillator is an LC electronic oscillator that uses a particular combination of an inductor and three capacitors to set the oscillator's frequency. LC oscillators use a transistor (or vacuum tube or other gain element) and a positive feedback network. The oscillator has good frequency stability.
River of Gods
River of Gods is a 2004 science fiction novel by British writer Ian McDonald. It depicts a futuristic India in 2047, a century after its independence from Britain, characterized both by ancient traditions and advanced technologies such as artificial intelligences, robots and nanotechnology. The novel won the British Science Fiction Award in 2004 and was nominated for a Hugo.  It was followed by a short story collection called Cyberabad Days in 2009.

Ian McDonald (British author)
Ian McDonald (born 1960) is a British science fiction novelist, living in Belfast. His themes include nanotechnology, postcyberpunk settings, and the impact of rapid social and technological change on non-Western societies.
Golesze Duże
Golesze Duże [ɡɔˈlɛʂɛ ˈduʐɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wolbórz, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 km (4 mi) south-east of Wolbórz, 17 km (11 mi) north-east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 47 km (29 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Wolbórz
Gmina Wolbórz is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the town of Wolbórz, which lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) north-east of Piotrków Trybunalski and 41 km (25 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 151.22 square kilometres (58.4 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,646. It was formerly classed as a rural gmina, becoming urban-rural when Wolbórz was given town status on 1 January 2011.

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Sulejów Landscape Park.
Singam II
Singam II is a 2013 Indian Tamil-language action drama film written and directed by Hari.  Produced by Prince Pictures, and distributed by 2D Entertainment, it is a sequel to Singam (2010) and the second installment in the Singam trilogy. The film stars Suriya in the main lead role, alongside Anushka Shetty, Hansika Motwani, Danny Sapani, Mukesh Rishi, Rahman, Santhanam and Vivek. The music was composed by Devi Sri Prasad, while cinematography and editing were handled by Priyan and V. T. Vijayan.

Singam II was released on 5 July 2013 and became a commercial success at the box office. A sequel titled Si3 was released on 9 February 2017.

Hari (director)
Harikrishnan is an Indian film director and screenwriter who works in Tamil cinema. He is known for directing action and masala films. Hari made his directorial debut with Thamizh (2002) and went on to direct films such as Saamy (2003), Kovil (2004), Ayya (2005), Thaamirabharani (2007), Vel (2007), and the Singam film series (2010-2017). He mostly directs Coimbatore, Dindigul, Tenkasi and Thoothukudi-Tirunelveli district based movies.
Ikoma Chikamasa
Ikoma Chikamasa (生駒 親正, 1526 – March 25, 1603) was a Japanese daimyō during the Azuchi-Momoyama and Edo periods around the turn of the 17th century. His father was Ikoma Chikashige. Chikamasa was appointed one of the san-chūrō (three arbiters) by Toyotomi Hideyoshi, along with Horio Yoshiharu and Nakamura Kazuuji.

Sanuki Province
Sanuki Province (讃岐国, Sanuki no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜ.nɯ.kʲi (no kɯ.ɲi), sa.nɯ.kʲiꜜ (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a province of Japan in the area of northeastern Shikoku. Sanuki bordered on Awa to the south, and Iyo to the west. Its abbreviated form name was Sanshū (讃州). In terms of the Gokishichidō system, Sanuki was one of the provinces of the Nankaidō circuit. Under the Engishiki classification system, Sanuki was ranked as one of the "upper countries" (上国) in terms of importance, and one of the "middle countries" (中国) in terms of distance from the capital. The provincial capital was located in what is now the city of Sakaide, but its exact location was only identified in 2012. The ichinomiya of the province is the Tamura jinja located in the city of Takamatsu.