hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Viareggio–Florence railway
The Viareggio–Florence railway (Italian: Ferrovia Viareggio-Firenze) is a line built between 1848 and 1890 connecting the Tuscan cities of Florence, Prato, Pistoia, Lucca and Viareggio. The first section from Florence to Pistoia (which was in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany at the time) was named in honour of Princess Maria Antonia of the Two Sicilies, wife of Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany, who had already been honoured in the naming of the Leopolda railway from Florence to Livorno. It is fully electrified at 3,000 V DC. Passenger traffic is managed by Trenitalia.

Pistoia
Pistoia (US: /pɪˈstɔɪə, piːˈstoʊjɑː/; Italian: [pisˈtoːja] ⓘ) is a city and comune in the Italian region of Tuscany, the capital of a province of the same name, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) north-west of Florence and is crossed by the Ombrone Pistoiese, a tributary of the River Arno. It is a typical Italian medieval city, and it attracts many tourists, especially in the summer. The city is famous throughout Europe for its plant nurseries.
The Girl Who Used to Be Me
"The Girl Who Used to Be Me" is a song written by Alan Bergman, Marilyn Bergman, and Marvin Hamlisch for the 1989 film Shirley Valentine and performed by Patti Austin. It was released as a 7-inch single and included as a bonus track on the CD release of Austin's 1990 album Love Is Gonna Getcha.

Shirley Valentine (film)
Shirley Valentine is a 1989 English romantic comedy-drama film directed by Lewis Gilbert. The screenplay by Willy Russell is based on his 1986 one-character play of the same title, which follows middle-aged Shirley Valentine in an unexpected discovery of herself and the rekindling of her childhood dreams and youthful love of life.

Pauline Collins reprises the title role as middle-aged housewife Shirley, which she had previously played in the stage production in London's West End and on Broadway, and Tom Conti plays Costas Dimitriades, the owner of a Greek tavern with whom she has a holiday romance.
Chambéry
Chambéry (UK: /ˈʃɒ̃bəri/, US: /ˌʃɒ̃beɪˈriː/, French: [ʃɑ̃beʁi]; Arpitan: Chambèri; Italian: Ciamberì) is the prefecture and largest city of the Savoie department in the southeastern Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France.

The population of the commune of Chambéry was 60,251 as of 2022, while the population of the Chambéry metropolitan area was 263,919. The city is located at the foot of the French Alps between Bauges and Chartreuse mountains, and is a railway and highway crossroads.

It has been the historical capital of the Savoy region since the 13th century, when Amadeus V, Count of Savoy, made the city his seat of power. The annexation of Savoy merged the city to France in 1860. Together with other alpine towns Chambéry engages in the Alpine Town of the Year Association for the implementation of the Alpine Convention to achieve sustainable development in the Alpine Arc. Chambéry was awarded Alpine Town of the Year 2006.

Treaty of Turin (1860)
The Treaty of Turin (Italian: Trattato di Torino; French: Traité de Turin) concluded between France and Piedmont-Sardinia on 24 March 1860 is the instrument by which the Duchy of Savoy and the County of Nice were annexed to France, ending the centuries-old Italian rule of the region.
1987 Swiss referendums
Seven referendums were held in Switzerland in 1987. The first four were held on 5 April on amendments to the laws on asylum and foreign residents (both approved), a popular initiative "for the people's co-determination of military expenditure" (rejected) and a federal resolution on the voting system for popular initiatives that also have counter-proposals (approved).

The last three were held on 6 December on a federal resolution on the Rail 2000 project (approved), an amendment to the federal law on health insurance (rejected) and a popular initiative "for the protection of fens - Rothenthurm Initiative" (approved).

Rail 2000
Rail 2000 (German: Bahn 2000; French: Rail 2000, Italian: Ferrovia 2000) is a large-scale project of the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB CFF FFS) established in 1987 to improve the quality of the Swiss rail network for the New millennium. It includes measures to accelerate a number of existing connections and the modernisation of rolling stock. The federal government decision to support the project in 1986 was approved by a referendum in 1987. In 2004 the first phase was completed consisting of around 130 projects with a budget of around CHF 5.9 billion.
American Star Bicycle
The American Star Bicycle was invented in 1880 by G. W. Pressey and manufactured by the H. B. Smith Machine Company in Smithville, Burlington County, New Jersey. It was characterized by a small wheel in front to avoid the problem of tipping forward inherent in other high wheelers. A Star bicycle was photographed being ridden down the steps in front of the United States Capitol in 1885 to demonstrate its longitudinal stability, and Star bicycles were used for the sport of bicycle polo in the mid-1880s. Pressey sued Smith in 1887 for royalties. The name "Star" was attributed to the double star arrangement of the spokes.

Smithville, Burlington County, New Jersey
Smithville was a village in Eastampton Township, Burlington County, New Jersey. It was originally established as Shreveville in 1831 by Jonathan and Samuel Shreve as a textile village on the Rancocas Creek. It was purchased by Hezekiah Bradley Smith in 1865 and renamed to Smithville. The Smithville post office was established in 1866. The H. B. Smith Machine Company, which produced the American Star Bicycle beginning in 1880, was located there. In 1962, the Smithville Post Office was closed. In 1975, Burlington County purchased the property and created the first park in the county. It is listed on the National and New Jersey Registers of Historic Places as the Smithville Historic District.
Simon Fraser Bridge
The Simon Fraser Bridge is a deck truss bridge on Highway 97, spanning the Fraser River in Prince George, British Columbia.  It was originally a two-lane bridge, and was completed in 1963.  It carries approximately 22,000 vehicles per day.  In 2009, a 50 million dollar project to twin the bridge was completed. The new bridge carrying two lanes of northbound traffic is approximately 390 metres in length, whereas the two lanes of southbound traffic are directed across the original bridge.

The bridge was named to honour the fur trader and explorer Simon Fraser, who established the town of Prince George, and who descended the river from near this spot in 1805.

Simon Fraser (explorer)
Simon Fraser (20 May 1776 – 18 August 1862) was a Canadian explorer and fur trader who charted much of what is now the Canadian province of British Columbia. He also built the first European settlement in British Columbia.

Employed by the Montreal-based North West Company, he had been by 1805 put in charge of all of the company's operations west of the Rocky Mountains. He was responsible for building that area's first trading posts, and in 1808, he explored what is now known as the Fraser River, which bears his name. Fraser's exploratory efforts were partly responsible for Canada's boundary later being established at the 49th parallel (after the War of 1812) since he, as a British subject, was the first European to establish permanent settlements in the area. According to the historian Alexander Begg, Fraser "was offered a knighthood but declined the title due to his limited wealth."
Kenneth Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet
Kenneth Roy Thomson, 2nd Baron Thomson of Fleet (September 1, 1923 – June 12, 2006), known in Canada as Ken Thomson, was a Canadian/British  businessman and art collector. At the time of his death, he was listed by Forbes as the richest person in Canada and the ninth richest person in the world, with a net worth of approximately US $19.6 billion.

Cornelius Krieghoff
Cornelius David Krieghoff (June 19, 1815 – March 5, 1872) was a Dutch-born Canadian-American painter of the 19th century. He is best known for his paintings of Canadian genre scenes involving landscapes and outdoor life, which were as sought after in his own time as they are today. He painted many winter scenes, some in several variants (e.g. Running the Toll). He painted in Quebec City from 1853 to 1864 and 1870 to 1872, creating a prolific portfolio of landscape and genre paintings.
Palazzo Cavalli
Palazzo Cavalli or Palazzo Corner Martinengo is a palace in Venice, located in the San Marco district and overlooking the Grand Canal. It locates not far from the Ponte di Rialto, between Palazzo Corner Valmarana and Ca' Farsetti, in front of Palazzo Barzizza.

San Marco
San Marco is one of the six sestieri of Venice, lying in the heart of the city as the main place of Venice. San Marco also includes the island of San Giorgio Maggiore. Although the district includes Saint Mark's Square, that was never administered as part of the sestiere.
To Demonstrate How Spiders Fly
To Demonstrate How Spiders Fly is a 1909 British animated short silent documentary film, directed by F. Percy Smith, featuring a close-up of an animated model spider throwing its silken thread to take to the air. The film features "the first of several animated creatures to appear in Smith's films", and according to Jenny Hammerton of BFI Screenonline was made in the belief, "that he could cure people of their fear of spiders by showing them blown up images of their eight legged foes on the cinema screen."

F. Percy Smith
Frank Percy Smith (12 January 1880–24 March 1945) was a British naturalist and early nature documentary pioneer, who explored time-lapse photography, microphotography, microcinematography, underwater cinematography and animation.
1991 Scottish Challenge Cup final
The 1991 Scottish Challenge Cup final, also known as the B&Q Cup final for sponsorship reasons, was an association football match between Hamilton Academical and Ayr United on 8 December 1991 at Fir Park in Motherwell. It was the second final of the Scottish Challenge Cup, and a continuation of the tournament organised the previous season to celebrate the centenary of the Scottish Football League.

The match was Hamilton Academical's first national final in 56 years since the Scottish Cup final of 1935; whilst it was Ayr United's second consecutive appearance in the final of the tournament having lost the inaugural final the previous season. The tournament was contested by clubs below the Scottish Premier Division, with both finalists from the First Division. The only goal of the match came from Colin Harris for Hamilton Academical to win 1–0.

Hamilton Academical F.C.
Hamilton Academical Football Club, often known as Hamilton Accies, or The Accies, is a Scottish football club from Hamilton, South Lanarkshire, who currently compete in Scottish League One. They were established in 1874 from the school football team at Hamilton Academy and remain the only professional club in British football to have originated from a school team. Hamilton have won the Scottish Challenge Cup three times and have finished runners-up in the Scottish Cup twice. The club play their home games at Broadwood Stadium.
Silame
Silame is a Local Government Area in Sokoto State, Nigeria. Its headquarters is in the town of Silame, on the Sokoto River.

It has an area of 790 km2 and a population of 104,378 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 853.

Local government areas of Nigeria
Nigeria has 768 local government areas (LGAs) and 6 Area Councils, making 774 LGA each administered by a local government council consisting of a chairman, who is the chief executive, and other elected members, who are referred to as councillors. Each LGA is further subdivided into a minimum of ten and a maximum of twenty wards. A ward is administered by a councillor, who reports directly to the LGA chairman. The councillors fall under the legislative arm of the Local Government, the third tier of government in Nigeria, below the state governments and the federal government.
Nanna Ditzel
Nanna Ditzel (October 6, 1923 - June 17, 2005) was a Danish designer.

She was educated as a carpenter at Richards Skole and studied at the Danish School of Arts and Crafts  where she graduated in 1946.  Here she met her first husband, the architect Jørgen Ditzel with whom she collaborated closely until his death in 1961. Her works include furniture, jewelry, tableware and textiles. She also made jewelry designs for Georg Jensen and furniture for Frederica. Nanna Ditzel was known for designing furniture suitable for lying down, she used bright colours and she was very much inspired by nature.

Danmarks Designskole
The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, School of Design (Danish: Det Kongelige Akademi), more commonly known as the Danish Design School (Danish: Danmarks Designskole,  DKDS) is an institution of higher education in Copenhagen, Denmark, offering a five-year design education consisting of a three-year Bachelor programme and a two-year Master in design as well as conducting research within the fields of arts, crafts and design. Danmarks Designskole is an institution under the Ministry of Science, Innovation and Higher Education.
Jaguar Land Rover Gaydon Centre
The Jaguar Land Rover Gaydon Centre, which is situated north-west of the village of Gaydon, Warwickshire, England, is one of the principal engineering centres of Jaguar Land Rover and the location of the headquarters of Land Rover.  The site houses a design, research and development centre and extensive test track facilities and is used for the design and development of Jaguar and Land Rover vehicles.  The site, along with the smaller Aston Martin facility adjacent, occupies the land that was once the RAF V bomber base of RAF Gaydon.  The British Motor Museum is also located on the same site.

British Motor Museum
The British Motor Museum in Gaydon, Warwickshire, England holds the world's largest collection of historic British cars, with over 300 cars on display from the British Motor Industry Heritage Trust and the Jaguar Heritage Trust.
Bhuvaneshwar Prasad Sinha
Bhuvaneshwar Prasad Sinha [Title: Sinha] of Shahabad (now Bhojpur), Bengal Presidency (1 February 1899 – 12 November 1986) was the 6th Chief Justice of India (1 October 1959 – 31 January 1964). He also served as the president of the Bharat Scouts and Guides from April 1965 to February 1967.

Sinha served as the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of India from 1 October 1959 to 31 January 1964. Over the course of his Supreme Court tenure, Sinha authored 137 judgments and sat on 684 benches.

Bhojpur district, India
Bhojpur district is one of the 38 districts of the Indian state of Bihar. Arrah city (also known as Ara) is the administrative headquarters of this district. Bhojpur district came into existence in 1972. Earlier it was the part of Shahabad district.

In the year 1972, Shahabad district was bifurcated in two parts namely Bhojpur and Rohtas. Buxar was a subdivision of old Bhojpur district then. In 1992, Buxar became a separate district and presently the rest of Bhojpur district has now three sub-divisions – Ara Sadar, Jagdishpur and Piro. It shares its border with Uttar Pradesh in the north west.
Masamune Datenicle
Masamune Datenicle is a Japanese anime series produced through the cooperation of the anime studio Gaina (formerly known as Fukushima Gainax) and the city of Date, Fukushima. It is one of a number of anime produced by Gaina in promotion of Fukushima Prefecture. Otherwise known as Masamune Date ni Kuru (政宗ダテニクル), the anime references not only the word "chronicle" in its title, but also the Japanese phrase "come to Date."

Benten Film
Benten Film Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社BENTEN Film, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Benten Film), formerly known as Gaina Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社ガイナ, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Gaina) from 2018 to 2025 and as Fukushima Gainax (Japanese: 福島ガイナックス, Hepburn: Fukushima Gainakkusu) from 2015 to 2018, is a Japanese animation studio subsidiary of Creator's X.
Oakmont, Maryland
Oakmont is a village and special taxing district in Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. Chartered in 1918, the village includes both sides of Oak Place and the south side of Oakmont Avenue, across Old Georgetown Road from the National Institutes of Health, in the Bethesda postal area. The village has approximately 145 inhabitants in 52 homes.

Maryland Route 187
Maryland Route 187 (MD 187) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Maryland. Known as Old Georgetown Road, the highway runs 5.32 miles (8.56 km) from MD 355 and MD 410 in Bethesda north to Executive Boulevard in Rockville. MD 187 is a four- to six-lane highway that runs parallel to MD 355 through suburban areas of southern Montgomery County. The highway was paved through Bethesda by 1910. The remainder of MD 187 was constructed in the mid- to late 1920s. The highway was relocated at its northern end and expanded to a divided highway over most of its length in the late 1960s. MD 187's interchanges with Interstate 270 (I-270) and I-495 were built in the late 1950s and early 1960s, respectively; the former interchange was reconstructed in the early 2000s. The northern terminus was cut back from MD 355 to Executive Boulevard in 2016.
Battle of Collecchio
The Battle of Collecchio-Fornovo (26–29 April 1945) was a battle of the Second World War between the Brazilian Expeditionary Force (Força Expedicionária Brasileira – FEB), along with Italian partisans and units from the American 1st Armored and 92nd Infantry Divisions, against the Wehrmacht's 148th Infantry Division, 90th Panzergrenadier Divisions and the fascist National Republican Army's 1st Bersaglieri "Italia" and the 4th Alpini "Monte Rosa" Divisions. The battle was fought around the town of Fornovo di Taro, about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) to the southwest of Parma, Italy. The Allies defeated the Axis forces, which were attempting to break through to the north.

On 28 April, the Brazilian 6th RCT followed up with an attack on Fornovo, with German General Otto Fretter-Pico surrendering the 148th Division, with almost 15,000 German and Fascist Italian troops at the morning of 29 April.

1st Bersaglieri Division "Italia"
The 1st Bersaglieri Division "Italia" (Italian: 1ª Divisione bersaglieri "Italia") was one of four divisions raised by Mussolini's Italian Social Republic. It existed from 25 November 1943 until 29 April 1945.
James Carroll (New Zealand politician)
Sir James Carroll KCMG (Māori: Timi Kara; 20 August 1857 – 18 October 1926), was a New Zealand politician. Beginning his career as an interpreter and land agent, Carroll was elected to the Eastern Maori seat in 1887. He was acting colonial secretary (equivalent to the minister of internal affairs) from 1897 to 1899. He was the first Māori to hold the cabinet position of Minister of Native Affairs, which he held between 1899 and 1912. He was held in high regard within the Liberal Party and was acting prime minister in 1909 and 1911.

Minister for Māori Development
The Minister for Māori Development is the minister in the New Zealand Government with broad responsibility for government policy towards Māori, the first inhabitants of New Zealand. The Minister heads Te Puni Kōkiri (TPK, or the Ministry of Māori Development). Between 1947 and 2014 the position was called Minister of Māori Affairs; before that it was known as Minister of Native Affairs. The current Minister for Māori Development is Tama Potaka.
St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church (Lunenburg)
St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church is a church in Lunenburg, Nova Scotia.  The congregation is the longest history of any Presbyterian congregation in Canada. After meeting at a private house, the congregation worshipped in St. John's Anglican Church (Lunenburg) (1759–1770).  The first church was built in 1770 and the first minister was  Reverend Bruin Romkes Comingo, who served the community for 50 years until he died at age 95 (1820).   The current church was built in the neo-Gothic style and dates from 1828.

Bruin Romkes Comingo
Bruin Romkes Comingo ("Mr. Brown") was the first Presbyterian minister ordained in Canada. He arrived in Halifax as a Foreign Protestants during Governor Edward Cornwallis' tenure. He was ordained by Rev. John Seccombe. He served at St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church (Lunenburg), Nova Scotia. (His ordination was preceded by the irregular ordination of John Frost (minister) in Yarmouth County, Nova Scotia.)
Sacred Heart Academy (Hamden, Connecticut)
Sacred Heart Academy is a young women's college preparatory, Roman Catholic high school in Hamden, Connecticut, and part of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Hartford.  It is run by the Apostles of the Sacred Heart of Jesus, an order of religious sisters founded in Italy by Mother Clelia Merloni. The school is located atop Mt. Sacred Heart, which is the U.S. Provincialate of the sisters. Their team mascot is the Shark. Their brother school is Notre Dame High School West Haven, Connecticut, and their sister school is Cor Jesu Academy in St. Louis, Missouri.

Archdiocese of Hartford
The Archdiocese of Hartford (Latin: Archidioecesis Hartfortiensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Connecticut in the United States. It is a metropolitan see. The other dioceses in its ecclesiastical province are Bridgeport, Norwich, and Providence.

It was established as the Diocese of Hartford in 1843. The mother church of the Archdiocese of Hartford is the Cathedral of Saint Joseph in Hartford. It covers Hartford, Litchfield and New Haven counties. Christopher J. Coyne is the archbishop.
VisTrails
VisTrails is a scientific workflow management system developed at the Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute at the University of Utah that provides support for data exploration and visualization. It is written in Python and employs Qt via PyQt bindings. The system is open source, released under the BSD 3-clause license. The pre-compiled versions for Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux come with an installer and several packages, including VTK, matplotlib, and ImageMagick. VisTrails also supports user-defined packages.

Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute
The Scientific Computing and Imaging (SCI) Institute is a permanent research institute at the University of Utah that focuses on the development of new scientific computing and visualization techniques, tools, and systems with primary applications to biomedical engineering. The SCI Institute is noted worldwide in the visualization community for contributions by faculty, alumni, and staff. Faculty are associated primarily with the School of Computing, Department of Bioengineering, Department of Mathematics, and Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, with auxiliary faculty in the Medical School and School of Architecture.
Physical Etoys
Physical Etoys is a free open-source extension of Etoys developed by Gonzalo Zabala, Ricardo Moran, Sebastián Blanco and Matías Teragni at the Universidad Abierta Interamericana. Etoys is an object-oriented and prototype-based visual programming language created by Alan Kay for the use in education. Physical Etoys contains the majority of Etoys characteristics. 
Its philosophy is "help kids model and program the real world in order to learn more about it".  
Physical Etoys lets different electronic devices such as Lego NXT, Arduino boards, Sphero, Kinect, Wiimote joystick, among others, be easily programmed and interact between themselves due to its block scripting system.
In 2010, Physical Etoys won the first innovation technology award given at the ESUG (European Smalltalk User Group) conference.

Lego Mindstorms NXT
Lego Mindstorms NXT is a programmable robotics kit released by Lego on August 2, 2006. It replaced the Robotics Invention System, the first-generation Lego Mindstorms kit. The base kit ships in two versions: the retail version and the education base set. It comes with the NXT-G programming software or the optional LabVIEW for Lego Mindstorms. A variety of unofficial languages exist, such as NXC, NBC, leJOS NXJ, and RobotC. A second-generation set, Lego Mindstorms NXT 2.0, was released on August 1, 2009, with a color sensor and other upgrades. The third-generation EV3 was released in September 2013.