hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cobweb plot
A cobweb plot, known also as Lémeray Diagram or Verhulst diagram is a visual tool used in dynamical systems, a field of mathematics to investigate the qualitative behaviour of one-dimensional iterated functions, such as the logistic map. The technique was introduced in 1822 by  Adrien-Marie Legendre. Using a cobweb plot, it is possible to infer the long-term status of an initial condition under repeated application of a map.

Logistic map
The logistic map is a discrete dynamical system defined by the quadratic difference equation

Equivalently, it is a recurrence relation and a polynomial mapping of degree 2. It is often referred to as an archetypal example of how complex, chaotic behaviour can arise from very simple nonlinear dynamical equations.

The map was initially utilized by Edward Lorenz in the 1960s to showcase properties of irregular solutions in climate systems. It was popularized in a 1976 paper by the biologist Robert May, in part as a discrete-time demographic model analogous to the logistic equation written down by Pierre François Verhulst.
Other researchers who have contributed to the study of the logistic map include Stanisław Ulam, John von Neumann, Pekka Myrberg, Oleksandr Sharkovsky, Nicholas Metropolis, and Mitchell Feigenbaum.
South Milton
South Milton (anciently Mideltone, Middleton, Middelton, etc.) is a village and civil parish in the South Hams district, in the county of Devon, England, situated on the south coast about 2 miles south-west of Kingsbridge. The civil parish includes the hamlets of Sutton, south of the village, and Upton, north of the village. In 2021 the parish had a population of 371.

The mediaeval parish church is dedicated to All Saints. Horswell House, an 18th-century mansion  within the parish, was anciently a seat of the Roope family, also of East Allington, whose heir in 1761 was the Ilbert family.

South Hams
South Hams is a local government district on the south coast of Devon, England. Its council is based in the town of Totnes, although the largest town is Ivybridge. The district also contains the towns of Dartmouth, Kingsbridge and Salcombe and numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

Much of the district's landscape is recognised for its natural beauty; the north of the district includes part of Dartmoor National Park, the district's coastline and adjoining areas form most of the South Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty, and part of the west of the district lies within the Tamar Valley AONB. The district's coast includes the promontories of Start Point and Bolt Head.

The neighbouring districts are Torbay, Teignbridge, West Devon, Cornwall (across the Tamar–Tavy Estuary) and Plymouth.
2007–08 Liga II
The 2007–08 Liga II was the 68th season of the second tier of the Romanian football league system. The season began on 25 August 2007 and lasted until 24 May 2008.

The format has been maintained to two series, each of them consisting of 18 teams. At the end of the season, the top two teams of the series promoted to Liga I and the bottom fourth places from both series relegated to Liga III.

FC Argeș Pitești
Asociația Clubul Sportiv Campionii Fotbal Club Argeș, commonly known as FC Argeș Pitești (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈardʒeʃ piˈteʃtʲ]), Argeș Pitești or simply FC Argeș, is a Romanian professional football club based in Pitești, Argeș County, that competes in the Liga I, the top tier of Romanian football.

The team was originally founded as Dinamo Pitești in 1953, and made its top flight debut in the 1961–62 season. In 1967, it changed its name to Argeș Pitești. The club's most successful period was in the 1970s, when it won the national title twice. Three-time Romanian Footballer of the Year award recipient Nicolae Dobrin was the most important member of the squad during that period, which turned him into a club icon over the years.

FC Argeș amassed over 40 seasons in the Liga I, and traditionally plays its home matches at Nicolae Dobrin Stadium, which is currently under reconstruction.
Sonic Highways
Sonic Highways is the eighth studio album by American rock band Foo Fighters, released on November 10, 2014, through Roswell and RCA Records. Similar to their previous album, Wasting Light (2011), it was produced by the band with Butch Vig. In writing the album's eight songs, singer and guitarist Dave Grohl traveled to eight cities across the United States to conduct interviews with musicians, recording engineers, record producers, and other individuals discussing each city's musical history, which he used as inspiration for the songs' lyrics. The band and Vig then traveled to a different recording location in each city to record the songs. Each track features contributions from one or more musicians with ties to that city's musical history. The process was filmed for a companion television series, Foo Fighters: Sonic Highways, which was broadcast on HBO in the months surrounding the album's release.

Chris Shiflett
Christopher Aubrey Shiflett (/ˈʃɪflɪt/ SHIF-lit; born May 6, 1971) is an American musician. He is the lead guitarist for the rock band Foo Fighters, which he joined in 1999 following the release of the band's third album There Is Nothing Left to Lose (1999). Shiflett was also previously a member of the punk rock bands No Use for a Name (1995–1999) and Me First and the Gimme Gimmes (1995–2019).

Though primarily a lead guitarist and backing vocalist, Shiflett has also fronted bands such as Jackson United and Chris Shiflett & the Dead Peasants. He has also made several solo albums; his third, Lost at Sea, was released in October 2023. In 2021, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Foo Fighters.
Caridina spongicola
Caridina spongicola is a small species of freshwater shrimp from Sulawesi (Indonesia) that reaches 0.64 to 1.27 cm (0.25 to 0.5 in) in length. In the wild it strictly lives on an undescribed species of freshwater sponge, making it one of only two known commensal species of freshwater shrimp (the other is a Limnocaridina shrimp that lives in mussels in Lake Tanganyika, East Africa). It is popularly known as the harlequin shrimp, and also sometimes Celebes beauty shrimp or sponge shrimp in the aquarium trade. It is often confused with Caridina woltereckae, a larger and more contrastingly colored species found in the same region as C. spongicola.

Lake Tanganyika
Lake Tanganyika (/ˌtæŋɡənˈjiːkə, -ɡæn-/ TANG-gən-YEE-kə, -⁠gan-; Kirundi: Ikiyaga ca Tanganyika) is an African Great Lake. It is the world's second-largest freshwater lake by volume and the second deepest, in both cases after Lake Baikal in Siberia. It is the world's longest freshwater lake. It is also the 6th largest lake by area. The lake is shared among four countries—Tanzania, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (the DRC), Burundi, and Zambia—with Tanzania (46%) and the DRC (40%) possessing the majority of the lake. It drains via the Lukuga River into the Congo River system, which ultimately discharges at Banana, Democratic Republic of the Congo into the Atlantic Ocean.
Silůvky
Silůvky is a municipality and village in Brno-Country District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants.

Silůvky lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) south-west of Brno and 184 km (114 mi) south-east of Prague.

Brno-Country District
Brno-Country District (Czech: okres Brno-venkov) is a district in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. Its capital is the city of Brno. The most populated town of the district is Kuřim. The district is made up of 187 municipalities, which is the highest number within all districts of the Czech Republic.
Allen Upward
George Allen Upward (Worcester 20 September 1863 – Wimborne 12 November 1926) was a British poet, lawyer, politician and teacher.
His work was included in the first anthology of Imagist poetry, Des Imagistes, which was edited by Ezra Pound and published in 1914. He was a first cousin once removed of Edward Upward. His parents were George and Mary Upward, and he was survived by an elder sister (Mary) Edith Upward.

Des Imagistes
Des Imagistes: An Anthology, edited by Ezra Pound and published in 1914, was the first anthology of the Imagism movement.  It was published in The Glebe in February 1914, and later that year as a book by Charles and Albert Boni in New York, and Harold Monro's Poetry Bookshop in London.

The eleven authors featured were: Richard Aldington, Skipwith Cannell, John Cournos, H. D., F. S. Flint, Ford Madox Ford, James Joyce, Amy Lowell, Ezra Pound, Allen Upward, and William Carlos Williams.

Aldington later wrote regarding the title: "What Ezra thought that meant remains a mystery, unless the word "Anthologie" was assumed to precede it. Amy Lowell's anthologies were called Some Imagist Poets, so she may have supposed that Ezra thought Des Imagistes meant 'Quelques Imagistes.' But why a French title for a collection of poems by a bunch of young American and English authors? Search me. Ezra liked foreign titles."
Woodville Karst Plain
The Woodville Karst Plain is a geomorphological province in the Big Bend region of Florida. The low-lying plain has many karst features, such as sinkholes, swallets, and springs, including Wakulla Springs. The limestone underlying the plain hosts the extensive Leon Sinks Cave System.

Big Bend (Florida)
The Big Bend of Florida, United States, is an informally named geographic region of North Florida where the Florida Panhandle transitions to the Florida Peninsula south and east of Tallahassee (the area's principal city). The region is known for its vast woodlands and marshlands and its low population density relative to much of the state. The area is home to the largest single spring in the United States, the Alapaha Rise, and the longest surveyed underwater cave in the United States, the 32-mile (51 km) Wakulla-Leon Sinks cave system.

The related Big Bend Coast region includes the marshy coast without barrier islands that extends along the Gulf of Mexico from the Ocklockonee River to Anclote Key. Florida's Nature Coast region is included in the Big Bend Coast.
Rural Municipality of McCraney No. 282
The Rural Municipality of McCraney No. 282 (2016 population: 310) is a rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within Census Division No. 11 and SARM Division No. 5. It is located in the south-central portion of the province.

SARM Division No. 5
SARM Division No. 5 is a Saskatchewan Association of Rural Municipalities (SARM) division within the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It is located in the north-central area of the province. There are 57 rural municipalities in this division. The current director for Division 5 is Judy Harwood.
Movement for the Liberation and Unification of Macedonia
The Movement for the Liberation and Unification of Macedonia (MLUM) (Macedonian: Движење за ослободување и обединување на Македонија (ДООМ); romanized: Dviženje za osloboduvanje i obedninuvanje na Makedonija (DOOM)), was a 20th-century Macedonian independence movement, founded by Macedonian political emigrants from SR Macedonia in Trelleborg, Sweden in 1962. The movement was founded by Macedonian emigrants from Denmark, Germany, Sweden, Austria, Belgium, France, United States, Canada and Australia. The President of the movement was Dragan Bogdanovski. The main organ of the MLUM was the newspaper Macedonian Nation (Macedonian: Македонска нација; romanized: Makedonska nacija).

Trelleborg
Trelleborg (Swedish pronunciation: [trɛlɛˈbɔrj]) is a town in Skåne County, Sweden, with 43,359 inhabitants as of 31 December 2015. It is the southernmost town in Sweden located some 10–15 kilometres (6.2–9.3 mi) west from the southernmost point of Sweden and the Scandinavian Peninsula. It is one of the most important ferry towns in Scandinavia as well as around the Baltic Sea, and the main town of the Söderslätt agricultural areas.
Pat Coyle (lacrosse)
Pat Coyle (born September 17, 1969 in Orangeville, Ontario) is a retired lacrosse player. He was inducted into the NLL Hall of Fame in 2014 and the Canadian Lacrosse Hall of Fame in 2017.

In his National Lacrosse League career, Coyle played for the Detroit Turbos, the Ontario Raiders, the Toronto Rock, and the Colorado Mammoth. Coyle was named Defensive Player of the Year in 2002, and won five NLL Championships; four with the Toronto Rock and one with the Colorado Mammoth. He has been the head coach of the Colorado Mammoth since 2017.

National Lacrosse League Hall of Fame
The National Lacrosse League Hall of Fame was established on June 16, 2005. The National Lacrosse League's board of governors will vote in the Hall of Fame members based on  the individual’s record, ability, integrity, sportsmanship, character and contributions to the team or teams that individual was affiliated with or the league. The league will also have contributions of journalists and broadcasters inducted into the Hall of Fame.

Currently, there is no building or location associated with the NLL Hall of Fame.
Kachchaleswarar Temple
Kachchaleswarar Temple, also known as the Great Kachali Pagoda, is a Hindu temple located in Armenian Street, in the neighbourhood of Parry's corner (Old: George Town) in Chennai city, Tamil Nadu, India. Constructed on land belonging to dubash Kalavai Chetty in 1725, the temple belonged to the left-hand castes and was the site of the first major conflict between left and right-handed castes in the then Madras city.

The temple is modelled on the Kachaaleshwarar temple at Kancheepuram. Kachaaleshwarar (Shiva) is the main deity and Soundaraambika (Parvathi), the consort deity.

Armenian Street, Chennai
Armenian Street, locally known as Aranmanaikaran Street, is one of the historical streets of the commercial centre of George Town in Chennai, India. The road runs north–south and connects Mannady Street in the north with the China Bazaar Road (NSC Bose Road) in the south. The street is dotted with several century-old historical structures.

The street is named for the Armenians, who were some of the early settlers in the city of Madras. Several moved to the long street of the commercial neighbourhood of George Town in the 1750s, eventually making the street bear their name. The locals, however, corrupted the name to Aranmanaikaran Street, which means the 'street of the palace people'.
Bernarda Alba (musical)
Bernarda Alba is a one-act musical with music, lyrics and book by Michael John LaChiusa, based on Federico García Lorca's 1936 play The House of Bernarda Alba.  Bernarda Alba tells the story of a controlling, newly widowed mother who is challenged by her five rebellious daughters. The musical opened Off Broadway at Lincoln Center's Mitzi E. Newhouse Theater in 2006, to mixed reviews.

Michael John LaChiusa
Michael John LaChiusa (born July 24, 1962) is an American musical theatre and opera composer, lyricist, and librettist. He is best known for such musically esoteric shows as Hello Again, Marie Christine, The Wild Party, and See What I Wanna See. He was nominated for four Tony Awards in 2000 for his score and book for both Marie Christine and The Wild Party and received another nomination in 1996 for his work on the libretto for Chronicle of a Death Foretold.
Die Landstreicher
Die Landstreicher (The Tramps) is a German-language operetta in one prologue and two acts by Carl Michael Ziehrer to a libretto by Leopold Krenn and Karl Lindau. It was first performed on 26 July 1899 at the summer theatre "Venedig in Wien".

The premiere was just three weeks after the death of Johann Strauss II. Despite the Viennese mourning for their beloved composer, the operetta was especially noted for its Viennese spirit and more so with Ziehrer himself conducting, the review from the press was favorable with Ziehrer heralded as a new composer to usher in a new age. Die Landstreicher was the most popular of his stage works.

Karl Lindau
Karl Lindau (also Carl Lindau, born Karl Gemperle; 26 November 1853 – 15 January 1934) was an Austrian actor and writer. He excelled in comic roles at the Theater an der Wien, and wrote several plays, librettos for operettas and songs.
Myriam Verreault
Myriam Verreault is a Canadian film director and screenwriter. She is most noted for her 2019 film Kuessipan, for which she received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Adapted Screenplay at the 8th Canadian Screen Awards, and two Prix Iris nominations for Best Director and Best Screenplay at the 22nd Quebec Cinema Awards.

Her other works have included the feature film West of Pluto (À l'ouest de Pluton), co-directed with Henry Bernadet, and the web documentary My Tribe Is My Life (Ma tribu c'est ma vie), as well as an editing credit on  Olivier Higgins and Mélanie Carrier's 2013 documentary film Québékoisie.

In 2020 she was the patron and curator of the Festival Vues dans la tête de... film festival in Rivière-du-Loup.

In 2024, Verreault was announced as directing a film adaptation of Emmanuelle Pierrot's award-winning 2023 novel La version qui n'intéresse personne.

Emmanuelle Pierrot
Emmanuelle Pierrot (born 1994) is a Canadian writer from Montreal, Quebec, whose debut novel La version qui n'intéresse personne was published in 2023.

The novel, based in part on Pierrot's own experiences living in Dawson City, Yukon, in the early 2010s, was the winner of the 2024 Prix littéraire des collégiens and the 2024 edition of Le Combat des livres, and was shortlisted for the Governor General's Award for French-language fiction at the 2024 Governor General's Awards. It has also been optioned by Couronne Nord for adaptation as a feature film, slated to be directed by Myriam Verreault.
Bermuda Run, North Carolina
Bermuda Run is a town in Davie County, North Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population of the town was 3,120. The town rests on the western bank of the Yadkin River, linking Davie and Forsyth Counties. It was incorporated in 1999 as a fully gated residential community near country clubs and golf courses like the Bermuda Run Country Club, Oak Valley Golf Club, and Tanglewood Park. In 2000, the town annexed into neighboring Hillsdale, picking up a commercial district. In 2012, Kinderton Village was voluntarily annexed by the town of Bermuda Run. Bermuda Run is considered by the locals to be a mid-high class community and the second-most influential, behind nearby Oak Valley. While not of the entirety of the town limits, the northern core of the town is included in the Urban  Hanes Mall district.

Davie County, North Carolina
Davie County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 42,712. Its county seat is Mocksville.

Davie County is included in the Winston-Salem, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Greensboro–Winston-Salem–High Point, NC Combined Statistical Area.
Dennis F. Rasmussen
Dennis F. Rasmussen (born June 14, 1947) is an American politician from the state of Maryland. A member of the Democratic Party, he has served as Baltimore County Executive, a Delegate within the Maryland House of Delegates and a Senator within the Maryland Senate. He ran unsuccessfully in the 2006 Maryland U.S. Senate election.

Baltimore County, Maryland
Baltimore County is the third-most populous county in the U.S. state of Maryland. The county is part of the Central Maryland region of the state. Baltimore County partly surrounds but does not include the independent city of Baltimore. It is part of the Northeast megalopolis, which stretches from Northern Virginia in the south to Boston in the north and includes major American population centers, including New York City and Philadelphia. Major economic sectors in the county include education, government, and health care. As of the 2020 census, the population was 854,535. The county is home to several universities, including Goucher College, Stevenson University, Towson University, and University of Maryland, Baltimore County.
Łaknarz
Łaknarz [ˈwaknaʂ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Będków, within Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) south-east of Będków, 16 km (10 mi) west of Tomaszów Mazowiecki, and 37 km (23 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Gmina Będków
Gmina Będków is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Tomaszów Mazowiecki County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. Its seat is the village of Będków, which lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) north-west of Tomaszów Mazowiecki and 30 km (19 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

The gmina covers an area of 57.88 square kilometres (22.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 3,520.
Sara Aakash
Sara Aakash (English: The Whole Sky) is a 1969 Hindi film directed by Basu Chatterjee, based on first part of novel Sara Akash (The whole Cosmos, 1951) by Rajendra Yadav. This was Yadav's debut novel, originally published as Pret Bolte Hain (Ghosts Speak), renamed in 1960, the title in turn was taken from a poem by Ramdhari Singh Dinkar. The film starred Rakesh Pandey, Madhu Chakravarty,  Nandita Thakur, A. K. Hangal and Dina Pathak in lead roles. Set in a traditional middle class joint family in Agra, the film deals with internal conflicts of a newly wed couple, both of whom find themselves unprepared for domestic life.

The film marked the debut of Basu Chatterjee as director, and was also the first film of cinematographer K. K. Mahajan, who won the National Film Award for Best Cinematography for his black-and-white camera work in the film. Along with Uski Roti and Bhuvan Shome other notable films of the year, it is regarded as one of the films which started the Indian New Wave.

Rajendra Yadav
Rajendra Yadav (28 August 1929 – 28 October 2013) was a Hindi fiction writer, and a pioneer of the 'Nayi Kahani' movement of Hindi literature. 
He edited the literary magazine HANS, which was founded by Munshi Premchand in 1930 but ceased publication in 1953 – Yadav relaunched it on 31 July 1986, (Premchand's Birthday).

His wife Manu Bhandari was a notable Hindi writer and novelist.
Laura Wilson (cross-country skier)
Laura Wilson (born September 27, 1969) is an American cross-country skier. She competed at the 1994 Winter Olympics and the 1998 Winter Olympics.

Born in New York, but raised in Montpelier, Vermont, Wilson was a four-time First Team All-American at the University of Vermont and part of the Catamounts' 1990 NCAA Championship team. In 2015, she was inducted into the Vermont Sports Hall of Fame.

Vermont Sports Hall of Fame
The Vermont Sports Hall of Fame is an athletics hall of fame in the U.S. state of Vermont.  Above all, induction "is for accomplishments in sports and recreation that generate a great source of pride to the state." Launched as a project in 2011, the Hall of Fame inducted its inaugural class on November 17, 2012. Inductees include multiple Olympic athletes and medalists, professional sports hall of fame inductees, and historical contributors from the state of Vermont or one of its colleges and universities.
Wayne Winterrowd
Wayne Rudolf Winterrowd (October 29, 1941 – September 17, 2010) was an American gardening expert and designer who wrote extensively on the subject. The garden covering 7 acres (2.8 ha) at his Vermont home became a tourist attraction to visitors from around the world.

Readsboro, Vermont
Readsboro is a town in Bennington County, Vermont, United States. The town was named after John Reade, a landholder. The population was 702 at the 2020 census. The hamlet of Heartwellville is in the northern part of Readsboro, approximately 5 miles (8 km) north on Route 100 from the hamlet of Readsboro.

The Readsboro census-designated place consists of the town center and had a population of 297 at the 2020 census.
Serbs of North Macedonia
Serbs are a recognized ethnic minority in North Macedonia. According to data from the 2021 census, the population of ethnic Serbs in North Macedonia is 23,847, constituting 1.3% of the total population.

Prilep
Prilep (Macedonian: Прилеп [ˈpriːlɛp] ⓘ) is the fourth-largest city in North Macedonia, after Skopje, Kumanovo, and Bitola. According to the 2021 census, it had a population of 63,308, while its broader municipal area has 79,834 inhabitants in total.