hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ballonet
A ballonet is an inflatable bag inside the outer envelope of an airship which, when inflated, reduces the volume available for the lifting gas, making it more dense. Because air is also denser than the lifting gas, inflating the ballonet reduces the overall lift, while deflating it increases lift. In this way, the ballonet can be used to adjust the lift as required.

Ballonets may typically be used in non-rigid or semi-rigid airships, commonly with multiple ballonets located both fore and aft to maintain balance and to control the pitch of the airship.

The image illustrates the principle of a balloon within a balloon. The outer balloon represents the airship's outer envelope or gasbag, while the red inner balloon represents the ballonet. In an airship the ballonet would be much smaller relative to the size of the gasbag; for example, in the French airship Lebaudy Patrie the volume of the ballonet was approximately one-fifth that of the envelope.

Semi-rigid airship
A semi-rigid airship is an airship which has a stiff keel or truss supporting the main envelope along its length. The keel may be partially flexible or articulated and may be located inside or outside the main envelope. The outer shape of the airship is maintained by gas pressure, as with the non-rigid "blimp". Semi-rigid dirigibles were built in significant quantity from the late 19th century but in the late 1930s they fell out of favour along with rigid airships. No more were constructed until the semi-rigid design was revived by the Zeppelin NT in 1997.

Semi-rigid construction is lighter-weight than the outer framework of a rigid airship, while it allows greater loading than a non-rigid type.
Governor Thomas Johnson Bridge
The Governor Thomas Johnson Memorial Bridge (also referred to as the Thomas Johnson Bridge and the Solomons Bridge) is a 1.37-mile (2.20 km) bridge in Maryland over the lower Patuxent River joining Calvert and St. Mary's counties.  The bridge, named for the first governor of Maryland, Thomas Johnson, saw construction start in 1972 and opened to traffic on December 17, 1977.

The bridge, carrying an average of 33,000 vehicles a day on Maryland Route 4 (MD 4), is one of two crossings of the Patuxent River in Southern Maryland (the other is the Benedict Bridge approximately 20 miles up river, where MD 231 connects Calvert County and Charles County).

The north end of the bridge, on the Calvert side, is located in Solomons.  Just prior to the bridge, MD 2-4 narrows from four lanes to two, and MD 2 exits the highway, passing under the bridge and heading toward downtown Solomons.  MD 4 continues onto the bridge itself and over the Patuxent River.

Thomas Johnson (judge)
Thomas Johnson  (November 4, 1732 – October 26, 1819) was an 18th-century American lawyer, politician, and patriot. He was a delegate to the First Continental Congress in 1774, where he signed the Continental Association; commander of the Maryland militia in 1776; and elected first (non-Colonial) governor of Maryland in 1777. Throughout his career, Johnson maintained a personal and political friendship with George Washington, who gave him a recess appointment as an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court in August 1791. Citing poor health, he served only briefly and resigned in January 1793, with the second shortest tenure of any Supreme Court justice.
Dragaredokko
Dragaredokko is the name of an opera by the Norwegian composer Geirr Tveitt, performed in 1940. The entire score was destroyed in a fire in 1970, but an incomplete piano transcription still exists in the National Library of Norway.

Geirr Tveitt
Geirr Tveitt (born Nils Tveit; 19 October 1908 – 1 February 1981) was a Norwegian composer and pianist. Tveitt was a central figure of the national movement in Norwegian cultural life during the 1930s.
Rudolph Nissen
Rudolph Nissen (sometimes spelled Rudolf Nissen) (September 5, 1896 – January 22, 1981) was a German surgeon who chaired surgery departments in Turkey, the United States and Switzerland. The Nissen fundoplication, a surgical procedure for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, is named after him.

Nissen trained under German physicians Ludwig Aschoff and Ferdinand Sauerbruch. He completed the first pneumonectomy in 1931. In 1948, he performed an abdominal surgery that extended the life of Albert Einstein by several years. Nissen wrote an autobiography published at Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt in 1969 called "Helle Blätter, dunkle Blätter. Erinnerungen eines Chirurgen". (ISBN 978-3421014993) which was reviewed in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons. A selection of his writings and lectures was published at Schattauer in 1997 under the title of "Fünfzig Jahre erlebter Chirurgie: Ausgewählte Vorträge und Schriften."(ISBN 978-3794506156).

Nissen fundoplication
A Nissen fundoplication, or laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication when performed via laparoscopic surgery, is a surgical procedure to treat gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and hiatal hernia. In GERD, it is usually performed when medical therapy has failed; but, with a Type II (paraesophageal) hiatus hernia, it is the first-line procedure. The Nissen fundoplication is total (360°), but partial fundoplications known as Thal (270° anterior), Belsey (270° anterior transthoracic), Dor (anterior 180–200°), Lind (300° posterior), and Toupet fundoplications (posterior 270°) are alternative procedures with somewhat different indications and outcomes.
Cosmic Zoom
Cosmic Zoom is a 1968 short film directed by Robert Verrall and produced by the National Film Board of Canada. It depicts the relative size of everything in the universe in an 8-minute sequence using animation and animation camera shots. All drawings by Eva Szasz.

Robert Verrall
Robert Verrall (13 January 1928 – 17 January 2025) was a Canadian animator, director and film producer who worked for the National Film Board of Canada (NFB) from 1945 to 1987. Over the course of his career, his films garnered a BAFTA Award, prizes at the Cannes Film Festival and Venice Film Festival, and six Academy Award nominations.
Thien Hau Pagoda
Thiên Hậu Pagoda (Thiên Hậu Cung 天后宮), also known as Chùa Bà Thiên Hậu (天后祠, 天后寺), abbreviated as chùa Bà or miếu Thiên Hậu (天后廟), is currently located at 4 Nguyễn Du Street, Phú Cường ward, Thủ Dầu Một city, Bình Dương Province, Vietnam. This temple was established by the Hoa communities to worship the goddess Mazu.

Thủ Dầu Một, Ho Chi Minh City
Thủ Dầu Một (Vietnamese: Phường Thủ Dầu Một) is a ward of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. It is one of the 168 new wards, communes and special zones of the city following the reorganization in 2025.

Thủ Dầu Một was the historic city centre of Thủ Dầu Một, the ward area was also the capital of the same name province during the French Indochina (this whole province then was later named as Sông Bé province after 1975) then was the capital of Bình Dương province during the Republic of Vietnam and during 1997–2025, after it was re-established by aparting from Sông Bé province.
Red Sulphur Springs, West Virginia
Red Sulphur Springs is an unincorporated community in Monroe County, West Virginia, United States. It once boasted the Red Sulphur Springs Hotel. Red Sulphur Springs is located on West Virginia Route 12, close to Indian Creek.

Monroe County, West Virginia
Monroe County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,376. Its county seat is Union.

Monroe County was the home of Andrew Summers Rowan, a soldier in the Spanish–American War commemorated in Elbert Hubbard's essay "A Message to Garcia."

In 1928 the Jones Diamond was found lying on the ground here by two men pitching horseshoes. It is the largest alluvial diamond ever found in North America.
Simmons Bank Arena
Simmons Bank Arena (previously Verizon Arena and Alltel Arena) is an 18,000-seat multi-purpose arena in North Little Rock, Arkansas, directly across the Arkansas River from downtown Little Rock. Opened in October 1999, it is the main entertainment venue serving Central Arkansas.

The Little Rock Trojans, representing the University of Arkansas at Little Rock in NCAA Division I sports, played home basketball games at the arena from the time the arena opened until the team moved in 2005 to a new arena, the Jack Stephens Center, on the school's campus in Little Rock. The Arkansas RiverBlades, a defunct ice hockey team of the ECHL; the Arkansas RimRockers, a defunct minor league basketball team of the NBA Development League; and the Arkansas Twisters, a defunct af2 team, also played at the arena. The arena is also used for concerts, rodeos, auto racing, professional wrestling, and trade shows and conventions.

Central Arkansas
Central Arkansas, also known as the Little Rock metro, designated by the United States Office of Management and Budget as the Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway Metropolitan Statistical Area, is the most populous metro area in the U.S. state of Arkansas. With an estimated 2020 population of 748,031, it is the most populated area in Arkansas. Located at the convergence of Arkansas's other geographic regions, the region's central location make Central Arkansas an important population, economic, education, and political center in Arkansas and the South. Little Rock is the state's capital and largest city, and the city is also home to two Fortune 500 companies, Arkansas Children's Hospital, and University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS).
Charterius
Charterius (Chartier) was a 6th-century bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Périgueux.

He is mentioned once in the History of the Franks by Gregory of Tours. Gregory wrote that Nunnichius, Count of Limoges had seized two men who were carrying letters purportedly written by Charterius criticizing and insulting King Chilperic I. Chilperic ordered for Charterius to appear before him. After meeting the king, Charterius accused his deacon of having written the letters in order to harm him. The deacon was then brought in to be questioned and the deacon confessed to having written the letters, but claimed that he had done so with the bishop's command. The bishop accused the deacon of lying. The king then decided to let them both go free.

In 585, he attended the second synod of Macon.

Diocese of Périgueux
The Diocese of Périgueux and Sarlat (Latin: Dioecesis Petrocoricensis et Sarlatensis; French: Diocèse de Périgueux et Sarlat) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in France. Its episcopal see is Périgueux, in the département of Dordogne, in the région of Aquitaine. The Diocese of Périgueux is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Bordeaux. The current bishop is Philippe Mousset, who was appointed in 2014.
West End Synagogue
West End Synagogue, originally Khal Kodesh Adath Israel and known for a while as the Gay Street Synagogue, is a congregation in Nashville, Tennessee. It is affiliated with the Conservative movement and dates to the 1850s.

Percival Goodman designed its sanctuary in 1950 with a flexible arrangement that was widely imitated. The synagogue includes the Beit Miriam Religious School. Alumni of the school include Washington Post journalist Rosalind S. Helderman.

Arthur Hertzbeg was the rabbi from 1947 until 1956.

In June 1990, the Dixie Knights chapter of the Ku Klux Klan shot at the synagogue in a drive-by shooting, with Grand Wizard Leonard William Armstrong firing a TEC-9 and member Damien Patton driving. KKK member and Christian music producer Jonathan David Brown was found guilty of conspiracy and two counts of perjury for accessory after the fact. Damien Patton pleaded guilty to juvenile misdemeanor.

TEC-9
The Intratec TEC-9, TEC-DC9, KG-99, and AB-10 are a line of blowback-operated semi-automatic pistols. They were developed by Intratec, an American subsidiary of the Swedish firearms manufacturer Interdynamic AB. Introduced in 1984, the TEC-9 is made of inexpensive molded polymers and a mixture of stamped and milled steel parts. The simple design of the gun made it easy to repair and modify. It was a commercial success, with over 250,000 being sold.

Similar to the AK-47's symbolism with Third World and leftist revolutionaries and the Thompson submachine gun with Prohibition-era gangsters, the TEC-9 is notorious in American pop culture for its association with criminal gangs, drive-by shootings and mass shootings in the 1990s, with it most notably being used during the 101 California Street shooting and the Columbine High School massacre.
Kieron Moore (Irish actor)
Kieron Moore (born Ciarán Ó hAnnracháin, anglicised as Kieron O'Hanrahan) (5 October 1924 – 15 July 2007) was an Irish film and television actor whose career was at its peak in the 1950s and 1960s. He played Count Vronsky in the 1948 film adaptation of Anna Karenina starring Vivien Leigh.

Barbara White (actress)
Barbara White (11 December 1923 – 6 February 2013) was a British actress. She played several leading roles during a brief film career during the 1940s. She also appeared on stage in Lesley Storm's Great Day amongst others.
Aki District, Hiroshima
34°21′12″N 132°33′27″E﻿ / ﻿34.3532°N 132.5574°E﻿ / 34.3532; 132.5574

Aki (安芸郡, Aki-gun) is a district, and is within the Minami-ku, Hiroshima ward, Ward (electoral subdivision), one of the 
eight wards that comprise the Hiroshima Prefecture, in Japan. 
'Minami', is Japanese for 'South'. 'Ku', is loosely suggestive of a division, such as 'compartment', 'boundary', etc..

It is the location of Mazda's automobile factory which has been on the site since the early 1930s.

As of 1798 population data but counting decreases due to the March 20, 2005 merger, the district has an estimated population of 116,573 and a density of 1588 persons per km2. The total area is 73.41 km2.

Hiroshima (Mazda factory)
34°22′40.36″N 132°30′13.99″E﻿ / ﻿34.3778778°N 132.5038861°E﻿ / 34.3778778; 132.5038861

The Hiroshima Plant is an automobile manufacturing complex in Aki, Minami, Hiroshima, Japan, operated by Mazda Motor Corporation.  The complex consists of two main elements, the head office in Aki District, and the main plant in nearby Ujina District.  It was Mazda's only car-assembly plant in Japan until the Hofu Plant opened in 1982. Mazda's own museum is situated within the plant, showcasing some of Mazda's historic cars and their present and future models.
Pattullo Bridge
The Pattullo Bridge is a decommissioned through arch bridge that crosses the Fraser River and links the cities of New Westminster and Surrey in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia. It was named in honour of Thomas Dufferin Pattullo, the 22nd Premier of British Columbia.

It was a key link between Surrey and the rest of Greater Vancouver, the Pattullo Bridge handled an average of 75,700 cars and 3840 trucks daily, or roughly 20% of vehicle traffic across the Fraser River in 2013. A replacement bridge began construction in 2021 and was completed in 2026.

Duff Pattullo
Thomas Dufferin "Duff" Pattullo (January 19, 1873 – March 30, 1956) was a Canadian politician who served as the 22nd premier of British Columbia from 1933 to 1941 as a member of the Liberal Party and served as the member of the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia representing the riding of Prince Rupert from 1916 to 1945.
Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia
The Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia, more commonly known as the Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia, is a political party in Nova Scotia, Canada. Like most conservative parties in Atlantic Canada, it has been historically associated with the Red Tory faction of Canadian conservatism. The party is currently led by Pictou East MLA Tim Houston. The party won a majority government in the 2021 provincial election. He called a snap election in 2024, increasing his party's majority mandate. The Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia and the Conservative Party of Canada are two separate entities.

Pictou East
Pictou East is a provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that elects one member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly.

Its Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA) since the 2013 election is Tim Houston of the Progressive Conservative Association of Nova Scotia who replaced Clarrie MacKinnon of the New Democratic Party of Nova Scotia.
De Landa alphabet
The de Landa alphabet is the correspondence of Spanish letters and glyphs written in the pre-Columbian Maya script, which the 16th-century bishop of Yucatán, Diego de Landa, recorded as part of his documentation of the Maya civilization. Despite its inaccuracies, the information provided by him would much later prove to be crucial to the mid-20th century breakthrough in the decipherment of the Maya script, starting with the work of the Soviet epigrapher and Mayanist Yuri Knorozov.

Diego de Landa
Diego de Landa Calderón, O.F.M. (12 November 1524 – 29 April 1579) was a Spanish Franciscan bishop of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Yucatán. He led a campaign against idolatry and human sacrifice. In doing so, he burned Maya manuscripts (codices) which contained knowledge of Maya religion and civilization, and the history of the American continent. Ironically, however, his work in documenting and researching the Maya was indispensable in achieving the current understanding of their culture, to the degree that Mayanist William Gates asserted that "ninety-nine percent of what we today know of the Mayas, we know as the result either of what Landa has told us in the pages that follow, or have learned in the use and study of what he told". He also described that "it is an equally safe statement that... he burned ninety-nine times as much knowledge of Maya history and sciences as he has given us".
Chepkoya
Chepkoya is a village found in Kaptalelio sub-location, Kongit location, Kaptama division of Bungoma County in western Kenya. It borders a forest known as Chesamo. Many people in the village are farmers. It has the population of 2134 people according to the census conducted in 2009. It is the birthplace of famous runners such as Andrew Masai, Edith Masai, Titus Kwemoi and Gilbert Masai. Sprinter Joy Nakhumicha Sakari was also born there.

Edith Masai
Edith Chewanjel Masai (born 4 April 1967) is a Kenyan former long-distance runner who specialised in cross country and track races, then road races in her late career. She represented Kenya at the 2004 Summer Olympics. Her best achievements are three individual gold medals in the short race at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships between 2002 and 2004.

She is also known for reaching global top at the age of 35. On the track she was the bronze medallist over 5000 metres at the 2003 World Championships in Athletics and was the 2006 African Champion over 10,000 metres. She has also won silver medals over 10,000 m at the 2007 All-Africa Games and 5000 m at the 2002 Commonwealth Games.

Her track best of 8:23.23 minutes for the 3000 metres, set in 2002, remains the African record for the event. Over the marathon distance, she ran her career best of 2:27:06 hours to win the 2005 Hamburg Marathon.
Will Osborne (rugby)
William Thomas Osborne (11 June 1875 – 24 March 1942) was a Welsh international rugby forward who played rugby union for Mountain Ash and Glamorgan Police. Osborne played in six international matches, becoming a Triple Crown winner when he played for Wales in all three matches of the 1902 Home Nations Championship. At the height of his international career he 'Went North', switching to professional rugby league, and represented both Huddersfield and Hull FC.

1902 Home Nations Championship
The 1902 Home Nations Championship was the twentieth series of the rugby union Home Nations Championship. Six matches were played between 11 January and 15 March. It was contested by England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

Wales won both the Championship and the Triple Crown, both for the third time in the country's history. After winning the Triple Crown the year before, Scotland disappointed by losing all three games of the 1902 tournament.
John Street Theatre
John Street Theatre, situated at 15–21 John Street, sometimes called "The Birthplace of American Theatre", was the first permanent theatre in the Financial District of Manhattan, New York. It opened on December 7, 1767, and was operated for several decades by the American Company. It closed on January 13, 1798.

John Street (Manhattan)
John Street is a street running west to east through the Financial District of Lower Manhattan in New York City. It is one of the oldest streets in the city. Long associated with maritime activity, the street ran along Burling Slip. The slip was filled in around 1840, and the street widened. Besides a wharf, warehouse, and chandlery, the city's first permanent theatre, and the first Methodist congregation in North America were located on John Street. It was also the site of a well-known pre-Revolutionary clash between the Sons of Liberty and British soldiers, pre-dating the Boston Massacre by six weeks.
Trychnomera
Trychnomera is a monotypic genus of moths in the Lactura group of the superfamily Zygaenoidea. It was first described in 1913 by Alfred Jefferis Turner, along with its sole species Trychnomera anthemis.

Lacturidae
The Lacturidae also called Tropical Burnet Moths are a pantropical family of moths in the superfamily Zygaenoidea. Brightly coloured tropical moths, the Lacturidae have been previously placed in the Plutellidae, Yponomeutidae, and Hyponomeutidae.
Ooperipatellus
Ooperipatellus is a genus of velvet worms in the Peripatopsidae family. These velvet worms are found in Australia and New Zealand. Species in this genus are oviparous. This genus was proposed by the German zoologist Hilke Ruhberg in 1985, with Ooperipatellus insignis designated as the type species. This genus is notable as the only one in which velvet worms have no more than 14 pairs of legs.

Peripatopsidae
Peripatopsidae or the Southern Velvet Worms are one of two extant families of velvet worm. This family includes more than 140 described species distributed among 41 genera, but some authorities deem only 131 of these species to be valid. The French zoologist Eugène Louis Bouvier proposed this family in 1905 with Peripatopsis as the type genus.
Everyday People
"Everyday People" is a 1968 song composed by Sly Stone and first recorded by his band, Sly and the Family Stone. It was the first single by the band to go to number one on the Soul singles chart and the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart.  It held that position on the Hot 100 for four weeks, from February 9 to March 8, 1969, and is remembered as one of the most popular songs of the 1960s. Billboard ranked it as the No. 5 song of 1969.

Larry Graham
Larry Graham Jr. (born August 14, 1946) is an American bassist and baritone singer, with the psychedelic soul/funk band Sly and the Family Stone and as the founder and frontman of Graham Central Station. In 1980, he released the single "One in a Million You", which reached the top ten on the US Billboard Hot 100. He is credited with the invention of the slapping technique on the electric bass guitar, which radically expanded the tonal palette of the bass, although he himself refers to the technique as "thumpin' and pluckin'".

In 1993, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Sly and the Family Stone. He is also the uncle of rapper Drake.