hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rattan shield
The rattan shield was used by the militaries of China and Korea since the Ming dynasty and the Joseon dynasty, respectively. The Ming general Qi Jiguang described its use in his book, the Jixiao Xinshu, which was reproduced in the Korean Muyejebo that contains the first Korean account of the shield. The rattan shield is circular and often have a fierce tiger face on it, so it is also called the tiger shield.

A similar native shield in the Philippines (and parts of Borneo) made from tightly-woven rattan or wood is known as taming.

Muyejebo
The Muyejebo (Compendium of Several Martial Arts) is the oldest extant Korean martial arts manual, compiled by Han Gyo (韓嶠) in 1598 during the reign of King Seonjo. With the addition of material from Japanese martial arts, a supplement, Sequel to the Book of Martial Arts (무예제보번역속집), compiled by Choi Ki-nam, was published in 1610.

It was reprinted from woodblocks in 1714 and a surviving copy was designated as Tangible Cultural Heritage No. 437 on 14 February 2019.
1969 Islington North by-election
The 1969 Islington North by-election was a parliamentary by-election held on 30 October 1969 for the UK House of Commons constituency of Islington North in Islington, north London.

The seat had become vacant when the constituency's Labour Member of Parliament (MP), Gerry Reynolds died on 7 June 1969, aged 42. He had held the seat since a by-election in 1958 following the death of his predecessor, Wilfred Fienburgh.

Although traditionally a safe Labour seat, the Conservatives had gained control of Islington in the 1968 Islington Council election.

The result of the contest was a victory for the Labour Party candidate, Michael O'Halloran, who won with a majority of 1,534 votes over the Conservative candidate Andrew Pearce.

Andrew Pearce (politician)
Andrew Pearce (born 1 December 1937) is a former Conservative Party politician who served as the Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for Cheshire West from 1979 to 1989. He also ran unsuccessfully as a Conservative candidate in the 1970 general election.

Among other positions Pearce was chairman of the British Retail Consortium's International Trade Committee and chairman of the Friends of National Museums Liverpool.
Ashland, Chemung County, New York
Ashland is a town in Chemung County, New York, United States. The population was 1,515 at the 2020 census. The town is named after the home of Henry Clay.

Ashland is on the southern border of the county, south of Elmira. It is part of the Elmira Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Chemung County, New York
Chemung County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. The population was 84,148 as of the 2020 census. Its county seat is Elmira. Its name is derived from a Delaware Indian village whose name means "big horn" in the Seneca language. The county is part of the Southern Tier region of the state.

Chemung County comprises the Elmira, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Elmira-Corning, NY Combined Statistical Area.

Many signs posted along roads in Chemung County refer to the area as "Mark Twain Country," because the noted author lived and wrote for many years in Elmira.
Stewart Maclennan
Stewart Bell Maclennan OBE (14 May 1903 – 6 July 1973) was a New Zealand artist and was a director of the National Art Gallery of New Zealand.

Maclennan was born in Dunedin on 14 May 1903. He received his art training at the Dunedin School of Art and the Royal College of Art, London. In 1946 he became the education officer at the National Art Gallery, and was appointed director two years later. He remained in that role until 1968. He was a member of the Council of the New Zealand Academy of Fine Arts from 1943 to 1949, and vice-president from 1949 to 1959.

In the 1968 Queen's Birthday Honours, Maclennan was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire, in recognition of his service as director of the National Art Gallery.

Maclennan died on 6 July 1973, and his ashes were buried at Mākara Cemetery.

1968 Birthday Honours (New Zealand)
The 1968 Queen's Birthday Honours in New Zealand, celebrating the official birthday of Elizabeth II, were appointments made by the Queen on the advice of the New Zealand government to various orders and honours to reward and highlight good works by New Zealanders. They were announced on 8 June 1968.

The recipients of honours are displayed here as they were styled before their new honour.
Housewife, 49
Housewife, 49 is a 2006 television film based on the wartime diaries of Nella Last. Written by and starring English actress and comedian Victoria Wood, it follows the experiences of an ordinary housewife and mother in the northern English town of Barrow-in-Furness, Lancashire, during the Second World War. It was first broadcast in the UK by ITV on 10 December 2006.

David Threlfall
David John Threlfall (born 12 October 1953) is an English stage, film and television actor and director. He is best known for playing Frank Gallagher in Channel 4's series Shameless. He has also directed several episodes of the show. In April 2014, he portrayed comedian Tommy Cooper in a television film entitled Tommy Cooper: Not Like That, Like This. In 2014, he starred alongside Jude Law in the thriller Black Sea. In 2024 he played Paul Peveril in the six-part BBC drama Nightsleeper.

For his role in Nicholas Nickleby, he won the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role in 1980, which was followed by a second nomination in the Best Actor category in 2006 for Someone Who'll Watch Over Me. His role in Paradise Postponed (1986) earned Threlfall a nomination for the British Academy Television Award for Best Actor. In 2022, he was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Leading Actor in a Play for his performance in the Martin McDonagh play Hangmen.
Crescentino
Crescentino is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 35 kilometres (22 mi) northeast of Turin and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) southwest of Vercelli.

Crescentino borders the following municipalities: Brusasco, Fontanetto Po, Lamporo, Livorno Ferraris, Moncestino, Saluggia, Verolengo, and Verrua Savoia.

Main sights include San Genuario Castle.

Fontanetto Po
Fontanetto Po is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Vercelli.

Fontanetto Po borders the following municipalities: Crescentino, Gabiano, Livorno Ferraris, Moncestino, Palazzolo Vercellese, and Trino.
Scorpio Nights
Scorpio Nights is a 1985 Philippine erotic thriller film directed by Peque Gallaga from a screenplay by Rosauro "Uro" Q. Dela Cruz, based on a story concept written by T.E. Pagaspas and art director Romel Bernardino. It is about a love affair between a young man and a married woman who become entangled in their uncontrollable urge for sex.

It stars Orestes Ojeda, Anna Marie Gutierrez, and Daniel Fernando in his acting debut while Dwight Gaston, Pen Medina, Angelo Castro Jr., and some of the film's production staff including writer-director Rosauro "Uro" Q. Dela Cruz and art director Rommel Bernardino as the supporting cast and special participation.

Produced and released by Regal Films on June 18, 1985, the film was controversial but played a key role in defining Filipino erotic films of the decade.

Regal Entertainment
Regal Entertainment Inc. (formerly and more commonly known as Regal Films) is a Philippine film, television production and distribution headquartered in New Manila, Quezon City. It was founded by Lily Monteverde on August 19, 1962. Regal Entertainment is one of the largest film studios in the Philippines, along with Star Cinema, GMA Pictures, and Viva Films.
FC Lourdes
FC Lourdais is a French rugby union club from Lourdes currently competing in Fédérale 1, the fifth division of French rugby. Formed in 1911, they have won the French league eight times and the French cup six times. They play in the Stade Antoine-Beguere and traditionally wear blue and red jerseys. Their most notable former player is Jean Prat. They are based in Lourdes in Hautes-Pyrénées.

Fédérale 1
The Championnat de France de rugby à XV de 1re division fédérale (French pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃pjɔna də fʁɑ̃s də ʁyɡbi a kɛ̃z də pʁəmjɛʁ divizjɔ̃ fedeʁal]), a.k.a. Fédérale 1 ([fedeʁal œ̃]), is a French rugby union club competition, it is the elite of amateur rugby in France. The competition has been organised by the Fédération Française de Rugby since 2000, when it replaced the B2 Group. The championship is contested between 48 teams and named in honor of the famous former FC Lourdes and French International player, Jean Prat.
Harley-Davidson Hummer
The Hummer was a motorcycle model manufactured by Harley-Davidson from 1955 to 1959.  However, the name "Hummer" is now incorrectly used generically to refer to all American-made single-cylinder two-stroke Harley-Davidson motorcycles manufactured from 1948 to 1966.  These motorcycles were based on the DKW RT 125, the drawings for which were taken from Germany as war reparations after World War II. The RT 125 drawings were also given to the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union as war reparations, resulting in the BSA Bantam and the MMZ M-1A Moskva, later known as the Minsk.

BSA Bantam
The BSA Bantam is a two-stroke unit construction motorcycle that was produced by the Birmingham Small Arms Company (BSA) from 1948 (as a 123 cc) until 1971 (as a 173 cc). Exact production figures are unknown, but it was between 350,000 and 500,000.
Freewheel
A freewheel or overrunning clutch is a device in a transmission that disengages the driveshaft from the driven shaft when the driven shaft rotates faster than the driveshaft. An overdrive is sometimes mistakenly called a freewheel, but is otherwise unrelated.

The condition of a driven shaft spinning faster than its driveshaft exists in most chain-driven bicycles when the rider stops pedaling. In a specialized fixed-gear bicycle (that lacks  a freewheel) the rear wheel drives the pedals around.

Some automobile transmissions include freewheel mechanisms for reasons ranging from fuel efficiency and noise reduction to preventing damage that some engines incur when driven by the wheels.

Saab 96
The Saab 96 is an automobile manufactured and marketed by Swedish automaker Saab from 1960 to January 1980, replacing the Saab 93. The 96 featured aerodynamic two-door bodywork, four-passenger seating and at first a two-stroke, three-cylinder engine, later a four-stroke V4.
Lew Buford Brown
Llewellyn Buford Brown, also known as Lew Brown, (June 13, 1861 – August 16, 1944) was an American lawyer, newspaper publisher, and promoter for Saint Petersburg, Florida.  He owned and edited the Evening Independent in that city from 1908 to 1927.

Brown was famous for the "Sunshine Offer" that offered a free newspaper for every day in St. Petersburg without sunshine.

Evening Independent
The Evening Independent was St. Petersburg, Florida's first daily newspaper. The sister evening newspaper of the St. Petersburg Times, it was launched as a weekly newspaper in March 1906 under the ownership of Willis B. Powell. In November 1907, it became a daily paper as the St. Petersburg Evening Independent.
Winston, Washington
Winston, also known as Winston Creek, is an unincorporated community located in Lewis County, Washington. The rural, residential community sits in the mid-south area of Lewis County and is 3.0 miles (4.8 km) southeast of Mayfield and 4.0 miles (6.4 km) northeast of Wilson.

Lewis County, Washington
Lewis County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 82,149. The county seat is Chehalis, and its largest city is Centralia. Lewis County comprises the Centralia, WA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Seattle-Tacoma, WA Combined Statistical Area.
2026 California State Treasurer election
The 2026 California State Treasurer election will be held on November 3, 2026, to elect the state treasurer of California. Incumbent Democratic treasurer Fiona Ma is term-limited and cannot seek re-election to a third term in office; she is instead running for lieutenant governor. Candidates must declare by March 6, with primaries to be held on June 2.

Libby Schaaf
Elizabeth Beckman Schaaf (born November 12, 1965) is an American politician who served as the 50th Mayor of Oakland, California from 2015 to 2023. A member of the Democratic Party, she previously served on the Oakland City Council.

Schaaf won the November 4, 2014 Oakland mayoral election in the 14th round in ranked choice voting with 62.79% of the vote. She won re-election in 2018 with a 27% margin.
Ray Scott (angler)
Ray Scott (1933 – May 8, 2022) was an American outdoorsman who founded the Bass Anglers Sportsman Society (B.A.S.S.) in 1967 after a vision of "building the sport of bass fishing to its rightful place in the first rank of American sports."  As the "godfather" of modern bass fishing, he created the first national bass tournament trail (the Bassmaster Tournament Trail), Bassmaster Magazine, The Bassmasters television show and the BASS Federation. He was also well known for his contributions to conservation and boating safety.

He died of natural causes on May 8, 2022.

Bass Anglers Sportsman Society
The Bass Anglers Sportsman Society (B.A.S.S.) is a fishing membership organization with more than a half a million members. It is geared toward bass fishermen, mainly in the United States but with members located worldwide. The society publishes Bassmaster magazine and other related publications, and also produces The Bassmasters weekly television program. B.A.S.S. is best known for the sport fishing tournament trails it conducts, and for its world championship event, the Bassmaster Classic. The society's logo is a blue shield with a leaping largemouth bass and the society's acronym.

The B.A.S.S. organization advances Sport Fishing through advocacy, outreach and an expansive tournament structure while connecting directly with the community of bass anglers through its media vehicles. B.A.S.S. is a tournament and membership organization serving more than 515,000 members.
Iranshah Atash Behram
The Iranshah Atash Behram,  also known as the Udwada Atash Behram, is a sacred fire housed in a temple in Udvada, Valsad district, Gujarat on the west coast of India. The Atash Bahram, meaning "Victorious Fire", is the oldest fire temple in India, dated to the eighth century, and represents the historical cultural and religious links with Iran. The current temple housing the sacred fire was built in 1742 by Motlibai Wadia from Bombay. The temple structure, built spaciously, is well decorated and contains the Dasturji Kaiyoji Mirza hall and a museum. The main hall of the temple is accessed through a two-stage staircase. The temple attracts Zoroastrian pilgrims from all parts of India, Pakistan, and from around the world.

Fire temple
A fire temple (Persian: آتشکده, romanized: ātashkade; Gujarati: અગિયારી, romanized: agiyārī) is a place of worship for Zoroastrians. In Zoroastrian doctrine, atar and aban (fire and water) are agents of ritual purity.

Clean, white "ash for the purification ceremonies [is] regarded as the basis of ritual life", which "are essentially the rites proper to the tending of a domestic fire, for the temple [fire] is that of the hearth fire raised to a new solemnity". For, one "who sacrifices unto fire with fuel in his hand ..., is given happiness".

As of 2021, there were 167 fire temples in the world, of which 45 were in Mumbai, 105 in the rest of India, and 17 in other countries. Of these, only nine (one in Iran and eight in India) are the main temples known as Atash Behrams; the remainder are the smaller temples known as agiaries.
Ioan Sdrobiș
Ioan Sdrobiș (9 March 1946 – 8 December 2025) was a Romanian football manager. He was known for promoting young players in the teams he trained and to be a team maker, hence the nickname, Părintele (The Father). Sdrobiș managed historical clubs in Romania as: Oțelul Galați, Selena Bacău, Universitatea Cluj, Ceahlăul Piatra Neamț, CSM Reșița and Jiul Petroșani among others. Sdrobiș is also known for making Cristian Chivu CSM Reșița's captain when he was still a very young player, giving him much confidence. Sdrobiș died on 8 December 2025, at the age of 79.

CSM Ceahlăul Piatra Neamț
Club Sportiv Municipal Ceahlăul Piatra Neamț, commonly known as Ceahlăul Piatra Neamț (Romanian: [tʃe̯ahˈlə.ul ˈpjatra ˈne̯amts]) or simply as Ceahlăul, is a Romanian football club based in Piatra Neamț, Neamț County, currently playing in the Liga II.

Originally established in 1919, the team's name stems from the nearby Ceahlău Massif. Nemțenii made their first appearance in the Romanian top division in the 1993–94 season.

The club plays its home matches in black and yellow kits at the 18,000-seater Stadionul Ceahlăul.
Robert Cummings (politician)
Robert Cummings (June 16, 1833 – January 16, 1910) was a Canadian manufacturer and community leader.

He was born in Glouchester Township, Upper Canada to a family of Irish immigrants in 1833. He learned the trade of carriage making and became a leading Canadian manufacturer. He opened a general store and operated a flour mill on Cummings Island in the Rideau River which became the nucleus of a new community, Janeville, which eventually became part of Vanier. He served ten years as reeve in the township, was also a Justice of the Peace and was elected warden for Carleton County in 1876. Cummings was also a captain in the local militia. He married Agnes Borthwick (1840–1921).

The Cummings Bridge across the Rideau River was named after him.

Gloucester, Ontario
Gloucester (/ˈɡlɒstər/ GLOST-ər) is a former municipality and now geographic area of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Located east of Ottawa's inner core, it was an independent city until amalgamated with the Regional Municipality of Ottawa–Carleton in 2001 to become the new city of Ottawa. The population of Gloucester is about 150,012 people (2021 Census).
Gandhi Nagar, Delhi Assembly constituency
Gandhi Nagar Assembly constituency is one of the 70 Delhi Legislative Assembly constituencies of Delhi in northern India.
Gandhi Nagar assembly constituency is a part of East Delhi (Lok Sabha constituency).

East Delhi Lok Sabha constituency
East Delhi Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 7 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in the Indian National Capital Territory of Delhi. This constituency came into existence in 1966. It presently comprises 40 municipal wards of the Municipal Corporation of Delhi with approximately 16 lakh voters and a population of approx 25 lakhs.

East Delhi is one of the larger and highly populated Lok Sabha constituencies not only in Delhi but all over India. The constituency covers areas east of the Yamuna and has a large population, including Seelampur, Shahdara, Gandhi Nagar and Preet Vihar. The current MP from here is Harsh Malhotra
Dunbeath
Dunbeath (Scottish Gaelic: Dùn Bheithe) is a village in south-east Caithness, Scotland on the A9 road. It sits astride the Dunbeath Water just before it enters the sea at Dunbeath Bay. Berriedale lies to the south and Latheronwheel to the north-east.

Dunbeath has a very rich archaeological landscape, the site of numerous Iron Age brochs and an early medieval monastic site (see Alex Morrison's archaeological survey, "Dunbeath: A Cultural Landscape".)

There is a community museum/landscape interpretation centre at the old village school (http://www.dunbeath-heritage.org.uk).

Dunbeath Water
Dunbeath Water is a short river in Caithness in northern Scotland. It rises at Loch Braigh na h-Aibhne in the Flow Country and initially flows northeast before turning generally south-southeastward to flow through Dunbeath and into the Moray Firth at Dunbeath Bay. Its main tributaries in its upper catchment are the left-bank ones of Allt a' Bhuic which drains Loch Dubh and the Raffin Burn which drains Loch Breac. On the western edge of Dunbeath, the Burn of Houstry, fortified by the Allt an Learanaich  also enter on the north bank. The river is crossed by the old bridge and a new bridge carrying the modern A9 road northwards. A small harbour has been developed at the river mouth.
Santa Maria del Cedro
Santa Maria del Cedro is a town and comune in the province of Cosenza, Calabria, Italy. The town's name indicates the cultivation of the special diamante citron, which is used as Etrog by the Jews during their Feast of Tabernacles.

Sights include remains of Norman castle and aqueduct.

Diamante citron
The Diamante citron (Citrus medica cv. diamante − cedro di diamante is a variety of citron named after the town of Diamante, located in the province of Cosenza, Calabria, on the south-western coast of Italy, which is its most known cultivation point. This is why this variety is sometimes called the "Calabria Esrog". "Esrog" is the Ashkenazi Hebrew name for citron.
Kim Sun-yong
Kim Sun-yong Jr. (born 26 May 1987) is a South Korean former professional tennis player.

Kim, who was born in Seoul, won the junior doubles title at the 2005 Australian Open, partnering Taiwan's Yi Chu-huan. He was runner-up in the boys' singles event to Donald Young and was also a singles semi-finalist at the 2005 US Open juniors.

A right-handed player, Kim featured in three Davis Cup ties for South Korea. In 2005 he won both of his singles matches against Pacific Oceania, then played a dead rubber in the Group II final against New Zealand, which he lost to Jose Statham. His only other appearance came in 2007, when he won in the singles against Dmitriy Makeyev of Kazakhstan.

2005 Australian Open
The 2005 Australian Open was a Grand Slam tennis tournament held in Melbourne, Australia from 17 until 30 January 2005. Roger Federer was unsuccessful in defending his 2004 title, being defeated in the semi-finals by eventual champion Marat Safin in a rematch of the 2004 final. Safin defeated third-seed Lleyton Hewitt in the final in four sets. Justine Henin-Hardenne could not defend her 2004 title due to an injury suffered in the second half of 2004. Serena Williams, the champion in 2003, defeated Lindsay Davenport in the women's final. It marked the centenary of the inaugural tournament.
51st Japan Record Awards
The 51st Annual Japan Record Awards took place on December 30, 2009. TBS broadcast the event, which will take place again at New National Theatre in Shibuya, Tokyo. The nominations for the Awards were announced on December 1.

Exile (Japanese band)
Exile (stylized in all caps as EXILE) is a 17-member Japanese boy band. Hiro is the group's leader, who debuted as a member of Zoo under For Life Music, but Exile have released their singles and albums under Avex Group's label Rhythm Zone. Hiro and Avex's president Max Matsuura came from the same high school. In 2003, the six original members of Exile founded the management and entertainment company LDH which has debuted many successful groups and soloists ever since. Exile is the representative group of the company.

In total, they have sold over 15,600,000 albums.