hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Guns of the South
The Guns of the South is a alternate history science fiction novel set during the American Civil War by Harry Turtledove. It was released in the United States on September 22, 1992.

The story deals with a group of time traveling members of the Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging (AWB) from an imagined 21st-century South Africa, who supply Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia with AK-47s and other advanced technology, medicine and intelligence. Their intervention results in a Confederate victory in the war. Afterwards, however, the AWB members discover that their ideas for the Confederate States and Lee's are not one and the same as they believed and the general and the men of the South have a violent falling out with the white supremacists from the future.

Harry Turtledove
Harry Norman Turtledove (born June 14, 1949) is an American historian and author who is best known for his work in the genres of alternate history, historical fiction, fantasy, science fiction, and mystery fiction. He lives in Southern California.

In addition to his birth name, Turtledove writes under a number of pen names: Eric Iverson, H. N. Turteltaub, Dan Chernenko, and Mark Gordian. He began publishing novels in the realm of fantasy starting in 1979 and continues to write in the 2020s.
Dmanisi Municipality
Dmanisi (Georgian: დმანისის მუნიციპალიტეტი, Dmanisis munitsip’alit’et’i) is a municipality in Georgia's southern region of Kvemo Kartli, covering an area of 1,198.8 km2 (463 sq mi). As of 2021 it had a population of 20,922 people. The city of Dmanisi is its administrative centre.

Kvemo Kartli
Kvemo Kartli (Georgian: ქვემო ქართლი, IPA: [kʰʷemo kʰaɾtʰli]; lit. 'Lower Kartli') is a historic province and current administrative region (mkhare) in southeastern Georgia. The city of Rustavi is the regional capital.
Commercial insolvency in Canada
Commercial insolvency in Canada has options and procedures that are distinct from those available in consumer insolvency proceedings. It is governed by the following statutes:

The Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act ("BIA")
The Companies' Creditors Arrangement Act ("CCAA")
The Winding-Up and Restructuring Act

The following discussion concentrates on insolvency as it applies to corporations, but the rules apply to individuals and other entities involved in commercial matters as well, with necessary modifications.

Winding-up and Restructuring Act
The Winding-up and Restructuring Act (French: Loi sur les liquidations et les restructurations, WURA) is a statute of the Parliament of Canada that provides for the winding up of certain corporations and the restructuring of financial institutions. It was passed in 1985, and has been amended since. Predecessors of the act date back to 1882.
Harris Regional Hospital
Harris Regional Hospital is a hospital located in Sylva, North Carolina. The hospital is licensed for 86 beds. It serves Jackson, Swain, Macon and Graham counties in western North Carolina and is affiliated with Duke LifePoint.

Jackson County, North Carolina
Jackson County is a county located in the western part of the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 43,109. Since 1913, its county seat has been Sylva, which replaced Webster. Cullowhee is the site of Western Carolina University (WCU). In the early 21st century, the university has more than 12,000 students, nearly twice the number of permanent residents of Cullowhee. The university has a strong influence in the region and county. More than 10 percent of the county residents identify as Native American, mostly Cherokee. The federally recognized Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians is based at Qualla Boundary, land that consists of territory in both Jackson and neighboring Swain County. This is the only federally recognized tribe in North Carolina, and one among three federally recognized Cherokee tribes nationally. The other two are based in what is now the state of Oklahoma, a former Indian Territory.
2014 Nigeria GDP rebasing
In April 2014, the National Bureau of Statistics, Nigeria, under the government of Nigeria, announced changes to the way it calculated GDP, changing the calculation to more accurately reflect current prices and market structure, thus giving more weight to Nollywood and mobile phone services that had grown a lot recently. As a result, Nigeria's estimate of its GDP increased by 89%, moving it from Africa's second biggest economy (after South Africa) to the biggest economy. These changes were known as the 2014 Nigeria GDP rebasing or simply the rebasing.: viii

2015 India GDP rebasing
In 2015, the Central Statistics Office (an office under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation) of the Government of India made a number of changes to the way it calculated the gross domestic product of India, including a change in the base year relative to which calculations are done. This change was known as the 2015 India GDP rebasing or just the rebasing.
Tongan Ninja
Tongan Ninja is a 2002 kung-fu action comedy film directed by Jason Stutter and filmed in New Zealand. The film garnered notoriety at the time for co-starring and being co-written by Jemaine Clement, star of the HBO comedy Flight of the Conchords.  The film is a parody of English-dubbed martial arts films, with a plot heavily based on Way of the Dragon.  It also features songs written by Jemaine Clement and Flight of the Conchords co-star Bret McKenzie.

Jason Stutter
Jason Stutter is a New Zealand-based motion picture, television and commercial director.

He has directed a number of short movies, including Blood Suckers and Careful With That Axe, the latter winning the Golden Spike Award for best short film at the film festival in Valladolid, Spain.

In 2009 he directed Diagnosis: Death, a feature film starring Jemaine Clement, Bret McKenzie and Rhys Darby (of Flight of the Conchords fame).

In 2010 he directed Predicament, starring Jemaine Clement, Heath Franklin, Hayden Frost and Tim Finn.

In 2015 he co-wrote, edited, and directed The Dead Room  starring Jed Brophy, Jeffrey Thomas (actor), and Laura Petersen.
Robert H. Justman
Robert Harris "Bob" Justman (July 13, 1926 – May 28, 2008) was an American television producer, director, and production manager. He worked on many American TV series including Lassie, The Life of Riley, Adventures of Superman, The Outer Limits, Star Trek, Mission: Impossible, Search, and Then Came Bronson.

Then Came Bronson
Then Came Bronson is an American adventure/drama television series starring Michael Parks that aired on NBC. It was created by Denne Bart Petitclerc, and produced by MGM Television. Then Came Bronson began with a television film pilot that aired on NBC on March 24, 1969; the pilot was also released in Europe as a theatrical feature film. This was followed by a single season of 26 episodes airing between September 17, 1969, and April 1, 1970.
General Atomics Mojave
The General Atomics Mojave (known in exports as the Grey Eagle) is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) capable of short takeoff and landing (STOL), being developed by General Atomics Aeronautical Systems. First unveiled on December 9, 2021, General Atomics states that it is to fulfill the roles of reconnaissance, close air support, and armed overwatch.

General Atomics Aeronautical Systems
General Atomics Aeronautical Systems, Inc. (GA-ASI) is a military contractor and subsidiary of General Atomics that designs and manufactures unmanned aerial vehicles and radar systems for the U.S. military and commercial applications worldwide.
Allegory of Fertility and Abundance
Allegory of Fertility and Abundance is a allegorical tempera on panel painting by Luca Signorelli, created c. 1500, now in the Uffizi in Florence. Produced around the same time as the artist's frescoes in the San Brizio Chapel in Orvieto, the work is a monochrome allegory inspired by classical bas-reliefs and intended for a humanist scholar's studiolo. Its figures refer to the artist's nudes in his frescoes at Orvieto and Madonna and Child with Ignudi.

Luca Signorelli
Luca Signorelli (c. 1441/1445 – 16 October 1523) was an Italian Renaissance painter from Cortona, in Tuscany, who was noted in particular for his ability as a draftsman and his use of foreshortening. His massive frescos of the Last Judgment (1499–1503) in Orvieto Cathedral are considered his masterpiece.

In his early 40s he returned to live in Cortona, after working in Florence, Siena and Rome (1478–84, painting a now lost section of the Sistine Chapel).  With an established reputation, he remained based in Cortona for the rest of his life, but often travelled to the cities of the region to fulfill commissions.  He was probably trained by Piero della Francesca in Florence, as his cousin Giorgio Vasari wrote.

Cortona hosted a major exhibition in 2023 to celebrate the 500th anniversary of his death.
Aame
Aame (transl. She) is a 1994 Telugu-language drama film by E. V. V. Satyanarayana. The film stars Srikanth, Ooha and Naresh. The film was remade in Kannada as Thaliya Sowbhagya (1995) and in Tamil as Thaali Pudhusu (1997). The film won two Nandi Awards and one Filmfare Award. Aame was the first movie to feature Srikanth and Ooha together.

E. V. V. Satyanarayana
Eedara Veera Venkata Satyanarayana (ఈదర వీర వెంకట సత్యనారాయణ; 10 June 1956 – 21 January 2011) was an Indian film director, screenwriter and producer. He directed a total of 51 films in Telugu films and introduced many actors to Telugu cinema. He was well known for making comedy and melodrama films. In 2000, he established his own production company, E. V. V. Cinema. He died in 2011.
Midway, Becker County, Minnesota
Midway is an unincorporated community in Runeberg Township, Becker County, Minnesota, United States. Midway is located on County Highway 47, 28 miles (45 km) east of Detroit Lakes. In 2011, the Minnesota Department of Transportation estimated its population to be 10.

Becker County, Minnesota
Becker County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 35,183, and was estimated to be 35,444 in 2024, Its county seat is Detroit Lakes.

Part of the White Earth Indian Reservation extends into the county.
The Thomas Crown Affair (1968 film)
The Thomas Crown Affair is a 1968 American heist film directed by Norman Jewison and written by Alan R. Trustman. Starring Steve McQueen, Faye Dunaway, Paul Burke, and Jack Weston, the film follows Vicki Anderson (Dunaway) who is hired to investigate the culprits of a multi-million dollar bank heist, orchestrated by Thomas Crown (McQueen).

The film was nominated for two Academy Awards, winning Best Original Song for Michel Legrand's "The Windmills of Your Mind". A remake was released in 1999, and a second remake is set to be released in 2027.

Paul Burke (actor)
Paul Raymond Burke (July 21, 1926 – September 13, 2009) was an American actor, best known for his lead roles in two 1960s ABC television series, Naked City and 12 O'Clock High. He was twice nominated for an Emmy Award for his portrayal of New York Police Department detective Adam Flint in Naked City.
Mount Ōno
Mount Ōno (大野山, Ōnoyama) is a mountain located in Yamakita, Kanagawa.

It belongs to Tanzawa-Ōyama Quasi-National Park. The area around the mountaintop had been used as a Kanagawa Prefectural Onoyama dairy cow breeding ranch (completed in 1968), but it was abolished as a prefectural ranch on March 31, 2016.

Yamakita, Kanagawa
Yamakita (山北町, Yamakita-machi) is a town located in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2023, the town had an estimated population of 9,468 and a population density of 42,1 persons per km². The total area of the town is 224.70 square kilometres (86.76 sq mi).
Fljótshlíð
Fljótshlíð (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈfljoutsˌl̥iːθ]) is a rural area in the municipality of Rangárþing eystra in Southern Region, Iceland. Before the formation of Rangárþing eystra in 2002, Fljótshlíð was its own municipality called  Fljótshlíðarhreppur. Fljót (genitive case: fljóts) means "river", and hlíð means "slope".
Fljótshlíð lies to the east of Hvolsvöllur and north of the Markarfljót river. Gunnar Hámundarson lived in the area in the 10th century. Other notable inhabitants include Tómas Sæmundsson, editor of Fjölnir, artist Nína Sæmundsson and poet Þorsteinn Erlingsson.

Fljótshlíð was evacuated as a result of the 2010 eruptions of Eyjafjallajökull.

Fljótshlíð is also where the band Retro Stefson shot a video for the 'Inspired by Iceland' concert series.

Tómas Sæmundsson
Tómas Sæmundsson (7 June 1807 – 17 May 1841) was an Icelandic priest, and one of the Fjölnismenn, a group of Icelandic intellectuals who spearheaded the revival of Icelandic national consciousness and gave rise to the Icelandic Independence Movement. According to author Daisy Neijmann, he was "one of the era's most fervent nationalists".

Tómas is quoted by J. R. R. Tolkien as saying "Málin eru höfuðeínkenni þjóðanna..." (Languages are the chief distinguishing marks of peoples ...):

Languages are the chief distinguishing marks of peoples. No people in fact comes into being until it speaks a language of its own; let the languages perish and the peoples perish too, or become different peoples. But that never happens except as the result of oppression and distress.— Tómas Sæmundsson.

Tómas travelled around Europe from 1832 to 1834, and he became the pastor in Breiðabólsstaður in Fljótshlíð in 1835. Among other things, Tómas wrote the fifth annual issue of the journal Fjölnir.
Sun Ning Railway Company
The Sun Ning Railway Company, also known as the Sunning Railway Co. or the Xinning Railway Co., was a standard-gauge railway in the Pearl River Delta in Guangdong Province founded in 1906 by Chin Gee Hee (陳宜禧, Chen Yixi) and Yu Shek (余灼, Yu Zhuo). It was South China's second railway and one of only three railways in pre-1949 China built solely with private Chinese capital. It was destroyed during the Second World War to prevent its use by the Japanese.

Chin Gee Hee
Chin Gee Hee (June 22, 1844 – 1929), also rendered Cheun Gee Yee, courtesy name Chàngtíng (暢庭), was a Chinese merchant, labor contractor, and railway entrepreneur, who made his fortune in Seattle, Washington before returning to his native village in Guangdong province, where he continued his successes.
USS Ballard
Two ships of the United States Navy have been named Ballard, after Edward J. Ballard.

USS Ballard (1813), a small galley sold in 1816.

USS Ballard (DD-267), a Clemson-class destroyer commissioned in 1919 and decommissioned in 1945.

Edward J. Ballard
Edward J. Ballard (about 1790 – 1 June 1813) was an officer in the United States Navy during the War of 1812.

Ballard was appointed a midshipman on 24 February 1809. He was killed during the engagement between USS Chesapeake and HMS Shannon on 1 June 1813. His commission as a lieutenant was issued before news of the battle reached the Navy Department.
Shimon ben Pazi
Shimon ben Pazi, also known as Rabbi Simon, was an amora of the third generation. He was a student of Johanan bar Nappaha and Joshua ben Levi. He is commonly called "Rabbi Shimon ben Pazi" in the Babylonian Talmud and "Rabbi Shimon" in the Jerusalem Talmud and midrashim. He lived in the south of the Land of Israel but also visited Tiberias, where he studied with Johanan bar Nappaha. He was the first to enumerate God's Thirteen Attributes of Mercy and the first to use the technical theological phrase tiqqun soferim "scribal correction".

Tiqqun soferim
Tiqqūn sōferīm (Hebrew: תיקון סופרים, plural תיקוני סופרים‎ tiqqūnēi sōferīm) is a term from rabbinic literature meaning "correction/emendation of the scribes" or "scribal correction" and refers to a change of wording in the Tanakh in order to preserve the honor of God or for a similar reason. Today, the phrase Tiqqun Soferim can also refer to a copy of the Five Books of Moses that is used to copy therefrom the Torah scroll.
Seiridium
Seiridium is a genus of plant pathogens in the family Sporocadaceae.

Seiridium cardinale is important to gardeners and foresters as they cause the devastating Cypress canker disease on Cupressus, Thuja, and related conifers in Northern Europe, America, Australia, and New Zealand. Seiridium cardinale is from California and was introduced to Europe around the 1930s, probably from infected nursery stock. A separate introduction affected the southern hemisphere.

Seiridium cardinale
Seiridium cardinale is a species of fungus within the genus of Seiridium, in the Sporocadaceae family.

It is the primary cause of Cypress canker, a fungal disease that affects various species of trees in the genus Cupressus, including Cupressus sempervirens, the Provence cypress. This disease leads to the decline of infected trees and has led to the destruction of millions in central Italy in particular. It causes branch and trunk cankers.
In 2009, it was found in Morocco on Cupressus sempervirens trees.
Jeff Bell (politician)
Jeffrey Langley Bell (December 13, 1943 – February 10, 2018) was an American Republican Party politician, political consultant, author, and presidential speechwriter. He was the Republican nominee for the United States Senate from New Jersey in 1978, was a candidate for the Republican nomination for the Senate in 1982, and was the nominee against Democratic incumbent Cory Booker in 2014.

1982 United States Senate election in New Jersey
The 1982 United States Senate election in New Jersey was held on November 2, 1982.

The seat was effectively vacated by the resignation of Harrison Williams amid scandal in March; his appointed successor, Nicholas F. Brady, did not run.

Democratic businessman Frank Lautenberg won the seat  in a major upset, defeating a large field of eight Democratic candidates and Republican Millicent Fenwick, a popular, well-known U.S. Representative. Lautenberg's campaign was largely self-funded and overcame early polling leads for Fenwick by outspending her 2-to-1 and emphasizing the persistently poor economic conditions under Republican President Ronald Reagan and the conservative Congress.
Aert van Tricht
Aert van Tricht was a Dutch metal-caster who was active in Maastricht between 1492 and 1501, in Antwerp in 1521 (?). He is sometimes called Aert van Tricht the Elder to distinguish him from his son. His known works include the following:

Seven-branched candelabra for the Franciscan monastery in Maastricht, 1492, now lost

Brass font for St. John's Cathedral in 's-Hertogenbosch, 1492

Copper railings for the Brotherhood Chapel of St. John's Cathedral in 's-Hertogenbosch, based on wooden models made by Alart du Hameel, 1495-6

Eagle lectern, originally in St. Peter's Church, Leuven, now in The Cloisters, New York City, c. 1500

Arched candelabrum used as a choir screen of Xanten Cathedral, 1501

Bronze tabernacle in Bocholt Church in Bocholt, Belgium, undated

Brass font, originally in St Nicolas'Church in Maastricht, now in the Basilica of Our Lady, Maastricht, undated and severely damaged (stripped of all ornaments)

Basilica of Our Lady, Maastricht
The Basilica of Our Lady (Dutch: Basiliek van Onze-Lieve-Vrouw; Limburgish: Slevrouwe [sləˈvʀɔwə]) is a Romanesque church in the historic center of Maastricht, Netherlands. The church is dedicated to Our Lady of the Assumption (Dutch: Onze-Lieve-Vrouw-Tenhemelopneming) and is a Roman Catholic parish church in the Diocese of Roermond. The church is often referred to as the Star of the Sea (Dutch: Sterre der Zee), after the church's main devotion, Our Lady, Star of the Sea.
Tug of war at the Summer Olympics
Tug of war was contested as a team event in the Summer Olympics at the Games of every Olympiad from 1900 to 1920. Originally the competition was entered by groups called clubs. A country could enter more than one club in the competition, making it possible for one country to earn multiple medals. This happened in 1904, when the United States won all three medals, and in 1908 when the podium was occupied by three British teams. Sweden was also among the top countries with two medals, one as a member of the mixed team.

During its time as an Olympic sport, it was considered to be part of the Olympic athletics programme, although the sports of tug of war and athletics are now considered distinct.

After the 1920 Games, the International Olympic Committee decided to streamline the Olympic program to manage the number of sports and participants. As part of this effort, Tug of War and several other sports were removed from the Olympic program in the following years.

Athletics at the Summer Olympics
Athletics has been contested at every Summer Olympics since the birth of the modern Olympic movement at the 1896 Summer Olympics. The athletics program traces its earliest roots to events used in the ancient Greek Olympics. The modern program includes track and field events, road running events, and race walking events. Cross country running was also on the program in earlier editions but it was dropped after the 1924 Summer Olympics.
Geoff Dymock
Geoffrey Dymock OAM (born 21 July 1945) is an Australian former international cricketer.  He played in 21 Test matches and 15 One Day Internationals between 1974 and 1980. On his debut, he took five wickets in the second innings against New Zealand in Adelaide in 1974. He was the third bowler to dismiss all eleven opposition players in a Test match, and remains one of only six bowlers to have achieved this.

Dymock captained the Queensland cricket team for 9 matches between 1980 and 1982.

In the words of Gideon Haigh

Geoff Dymock would have played more Tests for Australia in an era less blessed with fast-bowling talent. As it was, he probably exceeded his own expectations when, sporting a bushranger's beard at the age of 34 in 1979-80, he wheeled down his left-arm seamers manfully in India, and against England and West Indies at home. No bowler, too, was so tireless a trier in the years when Queensland seemed likelier to win the FA Cup than the Sheffield Shield.

Queensland cricket team
The Queensland men's cricket team (also known as the Queensland Bulls) are an Australian men's professional cricket team based in Queensland. The team competes in Sheffield Shield, the highest level of Australia domestic first class cricket, since the 1926–27 season, as well as the One-Day Cup, the highest level of Australian domestic one-day, since its inception in 1969–70. They also competed in the now defunct KFC Twenty20 Big Bash.
Karin Magnussen
Karin Magnussen (9 February 1908 – 19 February 1997) was a German biologist, teacher and researcher at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics during the Third Reich. She is known for her 1936 publication Race and Population Policy Tools and her studies of heterochromia iridis (different-coloured eyes) using iris specimens, supplied by Josef Mengele, removed from the heads of Auschwitz concentration camp victims.

She was lesbian but only began a lifelong relationship with her partner Dorothea Michaelsen in 1945.

Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics
The Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Anthropology, Human Heredity, and Eugenics was a research institute founded in 1927 in Berlin, Germany. The Rockefeller Foundation partially funded the actual building of the Institute and helped keep the Institute afloat during the Great Depression.
Salm (Moselle)
The Salm (German pronunciation: [zalm] ⓘ) is a 63-kilometre-long (39 mi) river in western Germany (Rhineland-Palatinate), a left-bank tributary to the river Moselle. It rises in the Eifel, near the village of Salm, south of Gerolstein. The Salm flows generally south, through Großlittgen, Dreis, and Salmtal. It passes west of Wittlich. It empties into the Moselle in Klüsserath.

Dreis
Dreis (German pronunciation: [dʁaɪs]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bernkastel-Wittlich district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.