hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Toprakkale (castle)
Rusahinili ("city of (King) Rusa I)", modern Toprakkale (Turkey), is an ancient Urartian fortress built by Rusa I, located near the modern city of Van in eastern Turkey.

The site has been excavated by archaeological teams from Germany, the United Kingdom, and other countries.

Asia portal

Urartu
Urartu was an Iron Age kingdom centered around the Armenian highlands between Lake Van, Lake Urmia, and Lake Sevan. The territory of the ancient kingdom of Urartu extended over the modern frontiers of Turkey, Iran, Iraq, Armenia, the southern regions of Georgia, and western regions of Azerbaijan. Its kings left behind cuneiform inscriptions in the Urartian language, a member of the Hurro-Urartian language family.

The kingdom emerged in the mid-9th century BC and dominated the Armenian highlands in the 8th and 7th centuries BC. Urartu frequently warred with Assyria and became, for a time, the most powerful state in the Near East. Weakened by constant conflict, it was eventually conquered, either by the Iranian Medes in the early 6th century BC or by Cyrus the Great in the middle of the 6th century BC. Archaeologically, it is noted for its large fortresses and sophisticated metalwork.
Senefelderplatz (Berlin U-Bahn)
Senefelderplatz is a Berlin U-Bahn station located on the U2 line.

The station is situated under Senefelderplatz, named after the inventor of the printing technique of lithography, Alois Senefelder.

The station was designed by Alfred Grenander and opened in 1913. The grey tiles on the walls are still not covered with advertisements. In November 1943, this station was heavily damaged twice - entrance and the ceiling penetration.

Alois Senefelder
Johann Alois Senefelder (born Alois Johann Nepomuk Franz Senefelder; 6 November 1771 – 26 February 1834) was a German actor and playwright who invented the printing technique of lithography in the 1790s.
86th Rifle Corps
The 86th Rifle Corps (Russian: 86-й стрелковый корпус) was a rifle corps of the Red Army and later the Soviet Army.

Formed in 1943 as part of the 36th Army of the Transbaikal Front, the corps spent the next two years as a garrison unit.

36th Army (Soviet Union)
The 36th Army (Russian: 36-я армия) was a military formation of the Red Army and the Soviet Ground Forces, formed twice.

Formed in mid-1941, the army spent much of World War II as part of the Transbaikal Military District guarding the Manchurian and Mongolian-Soviet borders. During the Soviet invasion of Manchuria in August 1945, the army advanced over the Greater Khingan mountains and overran the Japanese Hailar fortified region in fierce fighting. It was disbanded after the end of the war in mid-1948.

The army was reformed in 1976 from the 86th Army Corps, which had been itself established in 1968 as a result of rising Sino-Soviet tensions. It garrisoned the Transbaikal until being reduced to the 55th Army Corps in 1989 as the Cold War ended.
Paul Smith (journalist)
Paul Smith is a leading British football journalist, currently chief football writer for tabloid newspaper The Sunday Mirror. He is a former British Sports Reporter of the Year. Before joining The Sunday Mirror, he was a deputy editor of Match.

In 2002, Smith was at the centre of a security scare that made news headlines around the world, when despite the post–September 11 security measures put in place by the organisers of the 2002 World Cup, his press accreditation was collected by an impersonator. The real Paul Smith spent two hours being questioned by Korean police before being released to continue with his coverage of the tournament.

He is a semi-regular on Sky Sports 1's Sunday Supplement.

Match (magazine)
Match, stylised as MATCH or MATCH!, is a weekly British football magazine aimed at the teenage and pre-teenage market. First published in 1979, the magazine had a circulation of 57,108 copies in December 2010. The magazine includes interviews, a skills school, quizzes and a weekly round-up of results, tables and player ratings from the four main English divisions and the Scottish Premier League in MatchFacts. It mostly covers teams and players in the English Premier League, but also has a limited coverage of La Liga, Serie A and international football.
Oklahoma's congressional delegations
These are tables of congressional delegations from Oklahoma to the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate.

The current dean of the Oklahoma delegation is Representative Frank Lucas (R), having served in Congress since 1994.

Frank Lucas (Oklahoma politician)
Frank Dean Lucas (born January 6, 1960) is an American politician and farmer serving as the U.S. representative for Oklahoma's 3rd congressional district since 2003. A member of the Republican Party, he previously represented the 6th district from 1994 to 2003, prior to redistricting.

His district, which is massively rural, stretches from the Panhandle to the fringes of the Tulsa suburbs, covering almost half of the state's land mass. Lucas became the dean of Oklahoma's congressional delegation in 2023 following the retirement of Senator Jim Inhofe.

Prior to his election to the United States House of Representatives, he represented the 59th district of the Oklahoma House of Representatives from 1988 until his election to Congress in 1994.
Anterior cruciate ligament
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is one of the cruciate ligaments in the human knee. The two ligaments are called "cruciform" ligaments, as they are arranged in a crossed formation. In the quadruped stifle joint (homologous to the knee), based on its anatomical position, it is also referred to as the cranial cruciate ligament. The term cruciate is Latin for cross. This name is fitting because the ACL crosses the posterior cruciate ligament to form an "X". It is composed of strong, fibrous material and assists in controlling excessive motion by limiting mobility of the joint. The anterior cruciate ligament is one of the four main ligaments of the knee, providing 85% of the restraining force to anterior tibial displacement at 30 and 90° of knee flexion. The ACL is the most frequently injured ligament in the knee.

Ligament
A ligament is a type of fibrous connective tissue in the body that connects bones to other bones. It also connects flight feathers to bones, in dinosaurs and birds. All 30,000 species of amniotes (land animals with internal bones) have ligaments.

It is also known as articular ligament, articular larua, fibrous ligament, or true ligament.
Pradhuman Singh
Pradhuman Singh Mall (born 10 October 1983) is an Indian actor and writer. He came to limelight after he played the role of Osama Bin Laden in the film Tere Bin Laden.

Singh starred in the films Life Ki Toh Lag Gayi and Dilliwali Zaalim Girlfriend. Besides his acting, he worked as a writer and cast in the sequel Tere Bin Laden: Dead or Alive. He wrote dialogues for Blackmail (2018) film starring Irrfan Khan.

Blackmail (2018 film)
Blackmail (stylised as Blackमेल) is a 2018 Indian Hindi-language black comedy film co-produced and directed by Abhinay Deo. The film stars Irrfan Khan, Kirti Kulhari, Arunoday Singh and Divya Dutta in lead roles and is produced by Bhushan Kumar, Krishan Kumar, Apurba Sengupta and Rohit KaduDeshmukh under the banner of T-Series Films and RDP Motion Pictures. Blackmail depicts the life of a married-man in his late 30s stuck in a full day-time job and unexciting life but things turn after he finds that his wife is having an extramarital affair. The film had its theatrical release in India on 6 April 2018 and turned out to be a Sleeper Hit at the box office.
Ibn Battuta
Ibn Battuta (/ˌɪbən bætˈtuːtɑː/; 24 February 1304 – 1368/1369) was a Maghrebi Muslim traveller, explorer and scholar. Over a period of 30 years from 1325 to 1354, he visited much of Africa, Asia, and the Iberian Peninsula. Near the end of his life, Ibn Battuta dictated an account of his journeys, titled A Gift to Those Who Contemplate the Wonders of Cities and the Marvels of Travelling, commonly known as The Rihla. Ibn Battuta travelled more than any other explorer in pre-modern history, totalling around 117,000 km (73,000 mi), surpassing Zheng He with about 50,000 km (31,000 mi) and Marco Polo with 24,000 km (15,000 mi).

Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan
Abu Sa'id Bahadur Khan (June 2, 1305 – December 1, 1335; Persian: ابو سعید بهادر خان), also spelled Abusaid Bahador Khan, Abu Sa'id Behauder (Modern Mongolian: Бу-Саид Баатар хан, Abu sayid Baghatur Khan, [ˈabusæt ˈbaːtər xaːŋ] in modern Mongolian), was the ninth ruler (c. 1316 – 1335) of the Ilkhanate, a division of the Mongol Empire that encompassed the present day countries of Iran, Azerbaijan, Georgia, and Armenia, as well as parts of Iraq, Turkey, Afghanistan, and Pakistan. After his death in 1335, the Ilkhanate disintegrated.
ITIES
In electrochemistry, ITIES (interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions) is an electrochemical interface that is either polarisable or polarised. An ITIES is polarisable if one can change the Galvani potential difference, or in other words the difference of inner potentials between the two adjacent phases, without noticeably changing the chemical composition of the respective phases (i.e. without noticeable electrochemical reactions taking place at the interface). An ITIES system is polarised if the distribution of the different charges and redox species between the two phases determines the Galvani potential difference.

Usually, one electrolyte is an aqueous electrolyte composed of hydrophilic ions such as NaCl dissolved in water and the other electrolyte is a lipophilic salt such as tetrabutylammonium tetraphenylborate dissolved in an organic solvent immiscible with water such as nitrobenzene, or 1,2-dichloroethane.

Galvani potential
In electrochemistry, the Galvani potential (also called Galvani potential difference, or inner potential difference, Δφ, delta phi) is the electric potential difference between two points in the bulk of two phases. These phases can be two different solids (e.g., two metals joined), or a solid and a liquid (e.g., a metal electrode submerged in an electrolyte).

The Galvani potential is named after Luigi Galvani.
Aparisyon
Aparisyon (transl. Apparition) is a 2012 Philippine psychological drama film written and directed by Isabel Sandoval. Set in early 1970s, where the story about the nuns in the period immediately preceding the declaration of martial law by Ferdinand Marcos. It is one of the official entries for the New Breed Full Length Feature Category in Cinemalaya 2012.

Aparisyon was invited to film festivals around the world, including Deauville Asian Film Festival, where it won the Audience Award. At the Hawaii International Film Festival, the film won the NETPAC Award "for its courageous exploration of religious faith, guilt and forgiveness through masterful storytelling and visual imagery". The film was also nominated for the New Currents Award at the 2012 Busan International Film Festival.

As of 2021, along with Señorita, it is available for streaming through the Criterion Channel.

Psychological drama
Psychological drama, or psychodrama, is a subgenre of drama and psychological fiction literatures that generally focuses upon the emotional, mental, and psychological development of the protagonists and other characters within the narrative, which is highlighted by the drama. It is widely known as one of the main subgenres of psychological fiction; the subgenre is commonly used for films and television series.
Dykanka
Dykanka (Ukrainian: Диканька) is a rural settlement in Poltava Raion of Poltava Oblast in central Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Dykanka settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 7,427 (2022 estimate)

The settlement is located 26 km (16 mi) away from Poltava-Kyivska railway station.

Poltava Raion
Poltava Raion (Ukrainian: Полтавський район, romanized: Poltavs'kyi raion) is a raion (district) in Poltava Oblast of central Ukraine. The raion's administrative center is the city of Poltava. Population: 582,391 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Poltava Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Poltava Raion was significantly expanded.  The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 68,174 (2020 est.).
Spotted wobbegong
The spotted wobbegong (Orectolobus maculatus) is a carpet shark in the family Orectolobidae, endemic to Australia. It is a large, robust species, typically reaching 150–180 centimetres (59–71 in) in length. Coloured green, yellow, or brown, it has distinctive O-shaped spots throughout its body. It is nocturnal, resting at day and feeding on fish and invertebrates at night. An ovoviviparous species, the spotted wobbegong gives birth in the spring, during which time males can act aggressively towards other males and females. It has been known to bite humans, sometimes unprovoked, which can produce severe wounds. The species is fished commercially in Australia, but it is not severely threatened. It is listed as a least-concern species on the IUCN Red List.

Carpet shark
Carpet sharks are sharks classified in the order Orectolobiformes /ɒrɛkˈtɒləbɪfɔːrmiːz/. Sometimes the common name "carpet shark" (given because many species resemble ornately patterned carpets) is used interchangeably with "wobbegong", which is the common name of sharks in the family Orectolobidae. Carpet sharks have five gill slits, two spineless dorsal fins, and a small mouth that does not extend past the eyes. Many species have barbels.
Kasit Piromya
Kasit Piromya (Thai: กษิต ภิรมย์; RTGS: Kasit Phirom; born 15 December 1944 in Thonburi) served as a Thai diplomat, Democrat Party politician, and activist in the People's Alliance for Democracy ("Yellow Shirts"). He was Foreign Minister of Thailand under Abhisit Vejjajiva from 2008 to 2011.

People's Alliance for Democracy
The People's Alliance for Democracy (PAD; Thai: พันธมิตรประชาชนเพื่อประชาธิปไตย, romanized: Phanthamit Prachachon Phuea Prachathipatai; commonly known as "Yellow Shirts") was a Thai reactionary, monarchist political movement and pressure group. It was originally a coalition of protesters against Thaksin Shinawatra, the former Prime Minister of Thailand.

Its leaders included media-mogul Sondhi Limthongkul and Major General Chamlong Srimuang. The PAD was a chief player in the political crisis of 2005–2006, the 2008 crisis, and the Cambodian–Thai border stand-off. Its membership consisted mainly of ultra-royalist middle-class and working-class Bangkok residents and anti-Thaksin Southerners, supported by some factions of the Thai Army, some leaders of Democrat Party, and the members of the state-enterprise labor unions.

People's Alliance for Democracy announced to end the political role on August 23, 2013.
Palazzo dei Diamanti
Palazzo dei Diamanti is a Renaissance palace located on Corso Ercole I d'Este 21 in Ferrara, region of Emilia Romagna, Italy. The main floor of the Palace houses the Pinacoteca Nazionale di Ferrara (National Painting Gallery of Ferrara).

Cosmè Tura
Cosmè Tura (Italian pronunciation: [koˈzmɛ tˈtuːra]; c. 1430 – 1495), also known as Il Cosmè or Cosimo Tura, was an Italian early-Renaissance (or Quattrocento) painter and considered one of the founders of the School of Ferrara. He provided a great contribution to the Renaissance in Ferrara.
Clement Vismara
Blessed Father Clement Vismara (September 6, 1897 – June 15, 1988) was an Italian priest and missionary.
He is venerated by the Roman Catholic Church.
He spent 65 of his 91 years in forests of Burma assisting Akhà and Ikò tribal peoples, particularly children and widows.

Akha people
The Akha are an ethnic group who live in small villages at higher elevations in the mountains of Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, and Yunnan Province in China. They made their way from China into Southeast Asia during the early 20th century. Civil war in Burma and Laos resulted in an increased flow of Akha immigrants and there are now 80,000 people living in Thailand's northern provinces of Chiang Mai and Chiang Rai.

The Akha speak Akha, a language in the Loloish (Yi) branch of the Tibeto-Burman family. The Akha language is closely related to Lisu and it is thought that it was the Akha who once ruled the Baoshan and Tengchong plains in Yunnan before the invasion of the Ming dynasty in 1644.
Waukesha County Technical College
Waukesha County Technical College (WCTC) is a public community college in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States. The main campus is in Pewaukee, with a satellite campus in downtown Waukesha. It is a member of the Wisconsin Technical College System.

Pewaukee (village), Wisconsin
Pewaukee is a village in Waukesha County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 8,238 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Milwaukee metropolitan area. Pewaukee was incorporated as a village in 1876 from the former Town of Pewaukee, now the City of Pewaukee, which surrounds the village.
Official Nintendo Magazine
Official Nintendo Magazine, or ONM, was a British video game magazine that ran from 2006 to 2014 that covered the Nintendo DS, Nintendo 3DS, Wii, and Wii U video game consoles released by Nintendo.

Originally published by EMAP as Nintendo Magazine System, the magazine first covered the Nintendo Entertainment System, Super Nintendo Entertainment System and Game Boy consoles, and was later renamed to Nintendo Magazine, Nintendo Official Magazine then, briefly, Nintendo Official Magazine UK. Under these names, it was published by EMAP for twelve years, before the rights were sold to the publisher, Future plc.

The first issue by Future plc was released on 16 February 2006. The magazine then ran for eight years and eight months, concluding with its 114th issue, released on 14 October 2014.

Ascential
Ascential (formerly EMAP) was a British-headquartered global company, specialising in events, intelligence and advisory services for the marketing and financial technology industries. It was listed on the London Stock Exchange until it was acquired by Informa in October 2024.
Pernik Province
42°35′N 23°0′E﻿ / ﻿42.583°N 23.000°E﻿ / 42.583; 23.000

Pernik Province is a province in western Bulgaria, neighbouring Serbia. Its main city is Pernik, and other municipalities are Breznik, Kovachevtsi, Radomir, Tran, and Zemen.

Tran, Bulgaria
Tran (Bulgarian: Трън, lit. 'thorn', pronounced [trɤn]) is a small town in Tran Municipality, Pernik Province, western Bulgaria. It is 27 km (17 mi) from Breznik and 15 km (9.3 mi) from the border with Serbia.
National Defense Junta
The Junta de Defensa Nacional (English: National Defense Junta) was a military junta which governed the territories held by the Nationalist faction of the Spanish Civil War from July to September 1936. The junta's president was Miguel Cabanellas and its head of state was Francisco Franco. The junta was dissolved when Franco was proclaimed caudillo of Spain.

Military junta
A military junta (/ˈhʊntə, ˈdʒʌntə/ ⓘ) is a system of government led by a committee of military leaders. The term junta means "meeting" or "committee" and originated in the national and local junta organized by the Spanish resistance to Napoleon's invasion of Spain in 1808. The term is now used to refer to an authoritarian form of government characterized by a politically dominant group of military officers.
Second cabinet of Jacob Zuma
The second cabinet of Jacob Zuma was the cabinet of the government of South Africa between 25 May 2014 and 14 February 2018. It was formed by Zuma after his re-election in the 2014 general election, and it served until Zuma resigned as President of South Africa on 14 February 2018. Comprising 35 ministers, the cabinet changed in composition on several occasions between 2015 and 2017, most notably in a major cabinet reshuffle in March 2017.

Minister of Justice and Constitutional Development
The minister of justice and constitutional development is the justice minister in the Cabinet of South Africa. The minister is the political head of the Department of Justice and Constitutional Development and the Office of the Chief Justice. DoJCD in turn is responsible for administrative support to the courts, oversight of the National Prosecuting Authority, the provision of legal services to departments of state, and law reform.

The minister was called the minister of justice until 1999, when constitutional matters were added to his portfolio. Between May 2014 and June 2024, the Department of Correctional Services was subsumed under the ministry, which was led by the minister of justice and correctional services. This merger was reversed at the outset of President Cyril Ramaphosa's third cabinet, when a separate minister of correctional services was appointed.
G.C.D. High School, Rayagada
Govind Chandra Dev (Zilla) High School, better known as G.C.D. High School or G.C.D. (Zilla) High School, Rayagada, is one of the oldest high schools of the Rayagada district in the Indian state of Odisha. The school is named after Govind Chandra Dev Thataraja Bahadur. It is among the 17 recognized high schools of the Rayagada district.

Rayagada district
Rayagada district is a district in the southern Odisha state in India. Rayagada became a separate district in October 1992. Its population consists mainly of tribes, primarily the Khonds and the Soras. In addition to Odia, Kui and Sora are spoken by the district's indigenous population. It was founded by Biswanatha Deba Gajapati of the Surjyabansha dynasty of Jeypore.
Cate Bros. (album)
Cate Bros. is the third studio album by the Fayetteville musicians the Cate Brothers, released in 1975 by Asylum Records. It spawned the hit "Union Man", which peaked at number 24 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart the week of February 7, 1976. and is the highest-charting single they released.

Cate Brothers
The Cate Brothers (founded as The Cates Gang and also known as Cate Bros. Band) is an American band led by the songwriter-musician duo of twin brothers Earl and Ernest "Ernie" Cate (born December 26, 1942),  from Fayetteville, Arkansas. In the mid-1960s, they became performers of country soul music at clubs and dances in Arkansas and elsewhere in the mid-South of the United States. Both brothers are singers, with Earl playing guitar and Ernie playing piano. The group began recording in 1970, releasing their final album in 2006.
Lethal Weapon 2
Lethal Weapon 2 is a 1989 American buddy cop action comedy film directed by Richard Donner, and starring Mel Gibson, Danny Glover, Joe Pesci, Joss Ackland, Derrick O'Connor and Patsy Kensit. It is a sequel to the 1987 film Lethal Weapon and the second installment in the Lethal Weapon film series.

Gibson and Glover respectively reprise their roles as LAPD officers Martin Riggs and Roger Murtaugh, who protect an irritating federal witness (Pesci), while taking on a gang of South African drug smugglers hiding behind diplomatic immunity.

The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Sound Editing (for Robert G. Henderson). The film received mostly positive reviews and earned more than $227 million worldwide. The film is followed by Lethal Weapon 3.

Joss Ackland
Sidney Edmond Jocelyn Ackland (29 February 1928 – 19 November 2023) was an English actor who appeared in more than 130 film, radio and television roles. He was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role for portraying Jock Delves Broughton in White Mischief (1987).
Alum Bridge, West Virginia
Alum Bridge is an unincorporated community in Lewis County, West Virginia, United States. Alum Bridge is located on U.S. routes 33 and 119 along Leading Creek, 10 miles (16 km) west of Weston. Alum Bridge has a post office with ZIP code 26321.

Alum Bridge was named for the local bridge over Alum Fork.

Lewis County, West Virginia
Lewis County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,033. Its county seat is Weston. The county was formed in 1816 from Harrison County and named for Col. Charles Lewis (1733–1774), a Virginian killed in the Battle of Point Pleasant.