hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ernie Hudson (politician)
Ernie Hudson is a Canadian politician who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island in the 2019 Prince Edward Island general election. He represents the district of Alberton-Bloomfield as a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Prince Edward Island.

On May 9, 2019, Hudson was appointed to the Executive Council of Prince Edward Island as Minister of Social Development and Housing.

He was re-elected in the 2023 general election.

Progressive Conservative Party of Prince Edward Island
The Progressive Conservative Party of Prince Edward Island (PEIPC) is one of three major political parties on Prince Edward Island. The party and its rival, the Prince Edward Island Liberal Party, have alternated in power since responsible government was granted in 1851.
Cape Chidley
Cape Chidley is a headland located on the eastern shore of Killiniq Island, Canada, at the northeastern tip of the Labrador Peninsula.

Cape Chidley was named by English explorer John Davis on August 1, 1587, after his friend and fellow explorer John Chidley. On October 22, 1943, the German submarine U-537 landed just south of Cape Chidley and set up Weather Station Kurt to collect data about the weather.

In the original plans for the Pinetree Line (a series of radar stations along the 50th parallel north), Cape Chidley was meant to be the site for a long-range radar station called "N-30". Supplies were moved to the site by ship during 1951–52, but in late 1952–early 1953 the site was moved to Resolution Island.

Weather Station Kurt
Weather Station Kurt (Wetter-Funkgerät Land-26) was an automatic weather station, erected by a German U-boat crew of the Kriegsmarine in northern Labrador, Dominion of Newfoundland (now part of Canada), in October 1943. Installing the equipment for the station was the only known armed German military operation on land in North America (outside of Greenland) during the Second World War. After the war, it was forgotten until its rediscovery in 1977.
The Series Has Landed
"The Series Has Landed", also known as "Episode Two: The Series Has Landed", is the second episode in the  first season of the American animated television series Futurama. It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 4, 1999. The episode was written by Ken Keeler and directed by Peter Avanzino. In this episode, several main characters, including Doctor Zoidberg (Billy West), Amy Wong (Lauren Tom) and Hermes Conrad (Phil LaMarr), are first introduced, and the crew goes on their first mission. After completing their delivery, a series of mishaps occurs which puts Fry and Leela's lives in danger and nearly leaves all of them trapped on the Moon.

Ken Keeler
Ken Keeler is an American television producer and writer. He has written for numerous television series, most notably The Simpsons and Futurama. According to an interview with David X. Cohen, he proved a theorem that appears in the Futurama episode "The Prisoner of Benda".
Photosens
Photosens is a mixture of sulfonated aluminium phthalocyanines with various degrees of sulfonation. Developed in Russia.

It is a photosensitiser (activated by 675 nm red light) sometimes used in photodynamic therapy trials.

It has been tried on Age-related macular degeneration

Photodynamic therapy
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a form of phototherapy involving light and a photosensitizing chemical substance used in conjunction with molecular oxygen to elicit cell death (phototoxicity).

PDT is used in treating acne, wet age-related macular degeneration, psoriasis, and herpes. It is used to treat malignant cancers, including head and neck, lung, bladder and skin.

Advantages lessen the need for delicate surgery and lengthy recuperation and minimal formation of scar tissue and disfigurement. A side effect is the associated photosensitisation of skin tissue.
Mannville Group
The Mannville Group is a stratigraphic unit of Cretaceous age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.

It takes the name from the town of Mannville, Alberta, and was first described in the Northwest Mannville 1 well by A.W. Nauss in 1945.

Western Canada Sedimentary Basin
The Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) underlies 1.4 million square kilometres (540,000 sq mi) of Western Canada including southwestern Manitoba, southern Saskatchewan, Alberta, northeastern British Columbia and the southwest corner of the Northwest Territories. This vast sedimentary basin consists of a massive wedge of sedimentary rock extending from the Rocky Mountains in the west to the Canadian Shield in the east. This wedge is about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) thick under the Rocky Mountains, but thins to zero at its eastern margins. The WCSB contains one of the world's largest reserves of petroleum and natural gas and supplies much of the North American market, producing more than 450 million cubic metres (16 billion cubic feet) per day of gas in 2000. It also has huge reserves of coal. Of the provinces and territories within the WCSB, Alberta has most of the oil and gas reserves and almost all of the oil sands.
IHasCupquake
Tiffany Michelle "Tiffy" Herrera (née Garcia; born March 19, 1988), better known by her online alias iHasCupquake (often shortened to Cupquake), or alternatively TiffyQuake, is an American YouTuber.

She initially gained a following for her gaming videos, particularly her Minecraft Let's Plays, before expanding her content to include baking, art, and DIY videos. YouTube and online media outlets have described Herrera as one of the most prominent female gaming creators on the platform. As of October 2024, her main YouTube channel has amassed over 7.1 million subscribers and 3 billion video views.

Let's Play
A Let's Play (LP)  is a video (or screenshots accompanied by text) documenting the playthrough of a video game, often including commentary and (in some cases) a camera view of the gamer's face. A Let's Play differs from a video game walkthrough or strategy guide by focusing on an individual's subjective experience with the game, often with humorous, irreverent, or critical commentary from the player, rather than being an objective source of information on how to progress through the game. While Let's Plays and live streaming of game playthroughs are related, Let's Plays tend to be curated experiences that include editing and narration, and can be scripted, while streaming is often an unedited experience performed on the fly.
Morozovsk air base
Morozovsk is an air base of the Russian Aerospace Forces as part of the 4th Air and Air Defence Forces Army, Southern Military District.

The base is home to the 559th Bomber Aviation Regiment which had three squadrons of Sukhoi Su-34 (NATO: Fullback) as part of the 1st Guards Composite Aviation Division as of 2022.

4th Guards Air and Air Defence Forces Army
The 4th Guards Air and Air Defence Forces Army (Russian: 4-я армия ВВС и ПВО) is an air army of the Russian Aerospace Forces, part of the Southern Military District and headquartered in Rostov-on-Don.

The 4th Air Army (4 Vozdushnaya Armiya) was a Soviet Air Force formation and from 1992 to 2009 was part of the Russian Air Force. From 1998 the army was designated the 4th Air and Air Defence Forces Army. It was first established on 22 May 1942 from the Air Forces of the Soviet Southern Front, and fought on the Eastern Front until 1945. In 1949 it was redesignated the 37th Air Army. It was reformed on 4 April 1968 in Poland, and was active there with the Northern Group of Forces for over twenty years, shifting to the North Caucasus Military District in August 1992. The arrival of the Sukhoi Su-24 drastically changed its tasking in the 1980s.

It became the 4th Air and Air Defence Forces Command in 2009 but was reestablished from the command in 2015.
Edwina Kruse
Edwina Kruse (February 22, 1848 – June 23, 1930) was an American educator, born in Puerto Rico. She was principal of Howard High School in Wilmington, Delaware for almost 40 years, and a close associate of Alice Dunbar-Nelson, who taught at Howard.

Howard High School of Technology
Howard High School of Technology is a vocational-technical high school in Wilmington, Delaware and is the oldest of four high schools within the New Castle County Vocational-Technical School District, which includes Delcastle Technical High School in Newport, Hodgson Vo-Tech High School in Glasgow, and St. Georges Technical High School in St. Georges.

In 2022 it was designated an affiliated area of Brown v. Board of Education National Historical Park.
Mental Models
Mental Models is a book published by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., in 1983 ISBN 0-89859-242-9.  It was edited by Dedre Gentner and Albert L. Stevens, both employees of Bolt, Beranek and Newman, Inc. at the time.  It appeared at about the same time as a book by the same name by Philip Johnson-Laird.  According to the acknowledgment of the book, it resulted from a workshop on mental models held at the University of California, San Diego in October 1980, that was jointly sponsored by the Office of Naval Research and the Sloan Foundation.

Mental model
A mental model is an internal representation of external reality: that is, a way of representing reality within the mind. Such models are hypothesized to play a major role in cognition, reasoning and decision-making. The term for this concept was coined in 1943 by Kenneth Craik, who suggested that the mind constructs "small-scale models" of reality that it uses to anticipate events. Mental models can help shape behaviour, including approaches to solving problems and performing tasks.

In psychology, the term mental models is sometimes used to refer to mental representations or mental simulation generally. The concepts of schema and conceptual models are cognitively adjacent. Elsewhere, it is used to refer to the "mental model" theory of reasoning developed by Philip Johnson-Laird and Ruth M. J. Byrne.
Hugh Vaughan-Thomas
Hugh Vaughan-Thomas (13 May 1910 — 20 October 1986) was a Welsh cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman who played for Glamorgan.

Vaughan-Thomas who, in addition to excelling at cricket, was a talented hockey and tennis player, made his only first-class appearance in 1933, against Gloucestershire. He scored just two runs in the only innings in which he batted.

He was also the younger brother of the famous BBC radio and TV broadcaster Wynford Vaughan-Thomas.

Wynford Vaughan-Thomas
Lewis John Wynford Vaughan-Thomas (né Thomas) CBE (15 August 1908 – 4 February 1987) was a Welsh newspaper journalist and radio and television broadcaster. In later life he took the name Vaughan-Thomas after his father.
Jack Starrett
Claude Ennis "Jack" Starrett Jr. (November 2, 1936 – March 27, 1989) was an American actor and film director.

Starrett is perhaps best known for his role as Gabby Johnson, a parody of George "Gabby" Hayes, in the 1974 film Blazing Saddles and is also known for his role as the brutal policeman Art Galt in the 1982 action film First Blood. He also played the cruel foreman Swick in The River (1984).

Starrett acted in the biker films The Born Losers, Hells Angels on Wheels (both from 1967), Angels from Hell (1968) and Hell's Bloody Devils (1970), and directed two more: Run, Angel, Run in 1969 and Nam's Angels (1970) as well as the horror film Race with the Devil (1975) – that was filmed in his home state of Texas – in which he also played a gas station attendant.

Angels from Hell
Angels from Hell is a 1968 biker film directed by Bruce Kessler and starring Tom Stern and Arlene Martel. It was the first film produced by Joe Solomon's Fanfare Films, a firm Solomon had created with the profits from three previous biker films.  The film was shot in Bakersfield, California. The screenplay was written by Jerome Wish, and the film used music by The Peanut Butter Conspiracy and The Lollipop Shoppe. Sonny Barger, president of the Oakland, California chapter of the Hells Angels, is credited as story consultant.
Robert DeLeo
Robert Emile DeLeo (born February 2, 1966) is an American musician, best known as the bassist for rock band Stone Temple Pilots. He is part of Delta Deep and he has also played in Talk Show and Army of Anyone. He is the younger brother of Stone Temple Pilots guitarist Dean DeLeo. He is also the former bass player for the supergroup Hollywood Vampires.

Hollywood Vampires (band)
Hollywood Vampires is an American rock supergroup formed in 2012 by Alice Cooper, Johnny Depp, and Joe Perry. The band name derives from The Hollywood Vampires, a celebrity drinking club formed by Cooper in the 1970s, including Harry Nilsson, Keith Moon of the Who, and Micky Dolenz of the Monkees. Touring members include or have included Duff McKagan and Matt Sorum of Guns N' Roses fame, as well as Robert DeLeo from Stone Temple Pilots.

The band has released two studio albums featuring guest appearances by Paul McCartney, Dave Grohl, Joe Walsh, Zak Starkey and Christopher Lee, among others.
Flagg Grove School
Flagg Grove School (or Flaggs' Grove School) was a school south of Nutbush in Haywood County, Tennessee, now part of Brownsville. The school was established in the late 19th century and now operates as the Tina Turner Museum.

Brownsville, Tennessee
Brownsville is a city in and the county seat of Haywood County, Tennessee, United States. Its population as of the 2020 census was 9,788. The city is named after General Jacob Jennings Brown, an American officer of the War of 1812.
Dametri Hill
Dametri Antonio Hill (born January 8, 1974) is an American former professional basketball player. A 6-foot-7, 290-pound center/power forward, he played high school basketball at Dixie Hollins High School in his native St. Petersburg, Florida and played four years of college basketball for the Florida Gators. During his college career he reached the Final Four as a sophomore during the 1994 NCAA tournament and was an All-SEC selection as a senior in 1996. After going undrafted in the 1996 NBA draft he started his professional career in Israel, and in his first season he led the league in scoring with 22.8 points per game. He went on to play in France, China, Latvia, Cyprus, Portugal and Slovakia (where he won a league title in 2009).

American Basketball Association (2000–present)
The American Basketball Association (ABA) is an American semi-professional men's basketball minor league that was founded in 1999.

ABA teams are based in the United States, with one traveling team from Japan. The league previously had international teams based in Canada, China and Mexico. League management infamously maintains low requirements for franchise ownership, and hundreds of ABA teams have either folded or defected to rival leagues.

The league licenses its name and use of ABA trademarks from the National Basketball Association, which absorbed the American Basketball Association (1967–1976) during the ABA–NBA merger. The Women's American Basketball Association has operated as a sister league to the ABA since 2017.
Bayou Lightning
Bayou Lightning is an album by the American musician Lonnie Brooks, released in 1979. It is considered to be his commercial breakthrough. The album won the Grand Prix du Disque Award in 1980. Brooks supported it with a North American tour. His son Ronnie Baker Brooks recreated the album cover art for his 2025 album, Blues in My DNA.

Lonnie Brooks
Lonnie Brooks (born Lee Baker Jr., December 18, 1933 – April 1, 2017) was an American blues singer and guitarist. The musicologist Robert Palmer, writing in Rolling Stone, stated, "His music is witty, soulful and ferociously energetic, brimming with novel harmonic turnarounds, committed vocals and simply astonishing guitar work." Jon Pareles, a music critic for the New York Times, wrote, "He sings in a rowdy baritone, sliding and rasping in songs that celebrate lust, fulfilled and unfulfilled; his guitar solos are pointed and unhurried, with a tone that slices cleanly across the beat. Wearing a cowboy hat, he looks like the embodiment of a good-time bluesman." Howard Reich, a music critic for the Chicago Tribune, wrote, "...the music that thundered from Brooks' instrument and voice...shook the room. His sound was so huge and delivery so ferocious as to make everything alongside him seem a little smaller."
Château de Villars
The Château de Villard is a 14th-century castle in the commune of Saint-Parize-le-Châtel in the Nièvre département of France.

During the Hundred Years' War, the fortress was of great importance and was fought over by the French, English, Armagnacs and Bourbons. It is said that Joan of Arc stayed here before going to liberate Saint-Pierre-le-Moûtier. The castle has a round towers in each of the four corners, with a square tower in the middle of each side.

During the 19th century, the interior of the castle was converted for agricultural use and this continued until the 1970s. Since 2006, Hubert de Vassal and his wife, Ana, have been renovating the buildings which they inherited.

Parts of it have been listed since 1951 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.

In 2012, the architectural heritage association, Vieilles Maisons Françaises, awarded its first prize to Château de Villars for the ongoing renovation work.

Saint-Parize-le-Châtel
Saint-Parize-le-Châtel (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ paʁiz lə ʃatɛl]) is a commune in the Nièvre département in central France.

The Circuit de Nevers Magny-Cours, a famous motor racing circuit that hosts the Formula One French Grand Prix, is located in the communes of Magny-Cours and Saint-Parize-le-Châtel.
Six Flags Over Georgia
Six Flags Over Georgia is a 290-acre (1.2 km2) amusement park in Mableton, Georgia, United States. Opened in 1967, it is the second park in the Six Flags chain following the original Six Flags Over Texas, which opened in 1961.

Six Flags Over Georgia is one of three parks in the Six Flags chain to have been founded by Angus G. Wynne. As with other Six Flags parks, it features themes from the Warner Bros. Entertainment library, including characters from Looney Tunes and DC Comics.

Riverview Park (Chicago)
Riverview Park was an amusement park in Chicago, Illinois, which operated from 1904 to 1967.  It was located on 74 acres (30 hectares) bound on the south by Belmont Avenue, on the east by Western Avenue, on the north by Lane Tech College Prep High School, and on the west by the North Branch of the Chicago River. It was located in the Roscoe Village neighborhood of Chicago's North Center community area.
Columbia, Maryland
Columbia is a planned community in Howard County, Maryland, United States, consisting of 10 self-contained villages. With a population of 104,681 at the 2020 census, it is the second-most-populous community in Maryland, after Baltimore. Columbia, located between Baltimore and Washington, D.C., is part of the Baltimore metropolitan area and is tracked by the United States Census Bureau as a census-designated place. Columbia proper consists only of territory governed by the Columbia Association, a not-for-profit management company. The United States Postal Service also uses the name for other communities that predate Columbia, including Simpsonville and Atholton; the Census Bureau also counts part of Clarksville as Columbia.

Developer James Rouse founded Columbia in 1967, aiming to create a community that would avoid the inconveniences of then-current subdivision design; eliminate racial, religious and class segregation; and reduce leapfrog and spot zoning development.

Baltimore metropolitan area
The Baltimore–Columbia–Towson Metropolitan Statistical Area, also known as Central Maryland, is a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in Maryland as defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB). It is part of the larger Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area. As of 2022, the combined population of the seven counties is 2,985,871, making it the 20th-largest metropolitan statistical area in the nation.

The area has the fourth-highest median household income in the United States, at $66,970 as of 2012.
Apostolic Prefecture of Xinjiang-Urumqi
The Apostolic Prefecture of Xinjiang-Urumqi is a pre-diocesan missionary Latin jurisdiction of the Catholic Church in northwestern China's vast region Xinjiang, which is exempt, i.e. directly dependent on the Holy See and its missionary Roman Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples, not part of any ecclesiastical province.

It borders on Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan (all three Ex-Soviet West Turkestan), Afghanistan, Pakistan/India-disputed Kashmir, Tibet (Diocese of Kangding), Kokonor (Apostolic Prefecture of Xining), Han-China proper (Archdiocese of Lanzhou) and (Outer) Mongolia.

Its episcopal see is the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception, in regional capital Ürümqi. No statistics are available.

Immaculate Conception Cathedral, Ürümqi
The Immaculate Conception Cathedral  (Chinese: 无染原罪圣母主教座堂) also called Ürümqi Cathedral is a religious building located in the city of Ürümqi (Urumchi), capital of the Xinjiang Autonomous Region, in the northwest part of China.

The temple follows the Roman or Latin rite and is the mother and main church of the apostolic prefecture of Sinkiang (Praefectura Apostolica Sinkiangensis, 天主教新疆监牧区) which was created as a mission sui juris by the apostolic brief Decet Romanum Pontificem by the Pope Pius XI in 1930 and obtained its current status in 1938.

It is under the pastoral responsibility of Bishop Paul Xie Ting-zhe (謝庭哲).
Disneyland After Dark
"Disneyland After Dark" is an episode of Walt Disney's Wonderful World of Color that aired April 15, 1962 on NBC. Later, it was released theatrically both nationally and internationally as a short subject.

As the name of the episode implies, Walt Disney presents, in person, a view of Disneyland at night. It features some nighttime entertainment, including a fireworks display (complete with Tinker Bell flying across the sky) and Tahitian dancers performing for Adventureland dinner patrons. However, this episode focuses less on Disneyland itself and more on the many celebrity singers at the different sections of the park, including the Osmond Brothers, former Mouseketeers Annette Funicello and Bobby Burgess, teen heartthrob Bobby Rydell, Monette Moore, and Louis Armstrong. In a running gag, Walt Disney introduces but is unable to attend these attractions and performances, being pinned down by an endless supply of autograph seekers (including a repeat customer) throughout the program.

Annette Funicello
Annette Joanne Funicello (Italian pronunciation: [funiˈtʃɛllo]) (October 22, 1942 – April 8, 2013) was an American actress and singer. She began her professional career at age 12, becoming one of the most popular Mouseketeers on the original Mickey Mouse Club. In her teenage years, Funicello had a successful career as a pop singer recording under the name "Annette". Her most notable singles are "O Dio Mio", "First Name Initial", "Tall Paul", and "Pineapple Princess". During the mid-1960s, she established herself as a film actress, popularizing the successful "Beach Party" genre alongside co-star Frankie Avalon.

In 1992, Funicello announced that she had been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. She died of complications from the disease on April 8, 2013.
Michelsberg culture
The Michelsberg culture (German: Michelsberger Kultur (MK)) is an important Neolithic culture in Central Europe. Its dates are c. 4400–3500 BC. Its conventional name is derived from that of an important excavated site on Michelsberg (short for Michaelsberg) hill near Untergrombach, between Karlsruhe and Heidelberg (Baden-Württemberg), Germany.

The Michelsberg culture belongs to the Central European Late Neolithic. Its distribution covered much of West Central Europe, along both sides of the Rhine, starting the European tradition of timber framing. A detailed chronology, based on pottery, was produced in the 1960s by the German archaeologist Jens Lüning.

Michaelsberg (Untergrombach)
The Michaelsberg is a hill at Untergrombach near Bruchsal in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. A Neolithic settlement has been excavated at the top. It is the type site for the Michelsberg culture.

49°05′16″N 8°33′42″E﻿ / ﻿49.08778°N 8.56167°E﻿ / 49.08778; 8.56167